Can I recover my SMS messages after I do a factory reset on my Nexus 4?

I have a Nexus 4 and I've been using the default app called “Messenging” for my text messages.  I now want to do a factory reset.  But there are a few message threads that I would like to keep and restore after the reset.  Is this possible?  If yes, can you provide some guidance?  Thank you.


Where did the energy for the big bang come from?

Conservation of energy entails that all energy in the present has existed for all time. Therefore, this implies that the big bang was initiated with preexisting energy. Where did this energy come from?


Suppose $$A=\pmatrix{1&2&3&4&5\\2&3&4&5&6}$$ Find $\det(A^TA)$.   I know exactly how to calculate it by writing it as a $5\times5$ matrix. But how to calculate it smartly?


I want to ask 2 questions.  Question 1  Statement: If $a_n$ and $b_n$ are positive for all $n$, prove that $\limsup(a_nb_n)\leq(\limsup a_n)(\limsup b_n),$ provided the product on the right is not of the form $0\cdot\infty$  To prove this one, I set $\limsup a_n=\alpha, \limsup b_n=\beta.$  Then, $\exists n_0\in N s.t. a_n<\alpha+\epsilon$ for all $n\geq n_0$ and $b_n<\beta +\epsilon$ for all $n\geq n_0$.  So, $a_nb_n<(\alpha+\epsilon)(\beta+\epsilon)=\alpha\beta+(\alpha+\beta)\epsilon+\epsilon^2$  Since $\epsilon>0$ and is arbitrary one, I thought it is possible that $a_nb_n<\alpha\beta+\epsilon<\alpha\beta+(\alpha+\beta)\epsilon+\epsilon^2$. But I can't explain how it is possible logically.  Or I want to know if this is wrong approach.  Question 2  Statement: Let $a_n>0$ for all $n$. Prove that $\limsup \sqrt[n]{a_n}\leq \limsup {a_{n+1} \over a_n}$.  I can't handle this problem. Could you please give me some hints how to start the proof?


Was Maxwell's displacement current the only way to fix up Ampère's Law?

It is well-known that Maxwell added the displacement current term to Ampère's Law to make electrodynamics whole. As it is taught in the modern context (I am currently reading Griffiths's text, Introduction to Electrodynamics), we can motivate the addition of the displacement current term by noting that its addition to Maxwell's equations means that Maxwell's equations imply the continuity equation. However, as Griffiths remarks, this nicety (the fact that the continuity equation falls out of Maxwell's equations) is not incontrovertible evidence that the addition of the specific form of the displacement current term is necessarily correct. Indeed, he says that there "might, after all, be other ways to doctor up Ampère's Law". My question is, therefore, twofold: (1) Is it true, as Griffiths says, that there are conceivably other ways to "fix" Ampere's Law? That is, can we let $$\nabla \times \mathbf{B}=\mu_{0}\mathbf{J}+\mathbf{v}$$ for some arbitrary vector function $\mathbf{v}$ and still develop a consistent theory? I'm not sure how to define "a consistent theory" here but, perhaps, we can roughly say that a consistent theory would mean no contradictions with the other three Maxwell equations (mathematically-speaking). At least to me, I would suspect that the answer is "yes" since the problem (at least as it is understood in the more modern language of vector calculus, as compared to what Maxwell was doing) with Ampere's Law without Maxwell's correction is that the divergence of the right-hand side does not in general vanish, as it must. Thus we would be requiring that (using continuity and Gauss's Law) $$\nabla \cdot \mathbf{v}=-\nabla \cdot(\mu_{0}\mathbf{J})=\mu_{0}\frac{\partial\rho}{\partial t}=\mu_{0}\nabla \cdot(\epsilon_{0}\frac{\partial\mathbf{E}}{\partial t})$$ but, of course, the divergence of a vector function does not fully specify that vector function. However, assuming we choose $\mathbf{v}$ to satisfy the above, and putting aside experimental verification for the moment, would choosing something else for $\mathbf{v}$ break the structure of Maxwell's theory somewhere else? (2) Moving now to consider experimental verification, Griffiths says that Hertz's discovery of EM waves confirmed Maxwell's choice for the displacement current term. I understand that Maxwell's equations imply wave solutions that were observed experimentally, but perhaps someone can (at a high-level, even) explain why any other choice of the displacement current term would have yielded inconsistencies with experiment (assuming that my attempt at answering (1) above was correct for, if there are mathematical inconsistencies, then we are done).


If A and B are square matrices of same order such that AB=A+B then prove that AB=BA

I tried everything to get the proof but I haven't reached a method yet..


This question should apply to functions besides "Add Spiral", but this is just what I'm working on at the moment. In my example picture, I created an Archimedan spiral (Add > Curve > Curve Spirals > Archimedan) and rotated/scaled in on Object View to make it better fit the ponytail. Later I realized that I still needed to adjust one of the options originally present on the spiral's options menu (Radius Growth), but that menu is gone now. (It disappeared again when on another attempt, I made a curved line and fit the spiral to that via .) Is there a way to recover that options menu without having to make a new shape? Alternatively (and this one WOULD be specific to my project), can I preview the spiral fit to that curve without losing that menu in the first place?   UPDATE: I'm running Blender 2.79b, and in attempting to follow Susu's answer, I find that the key parameters are missing (which is what required me to perform object transforms in the first place). Not sure how to recover those. (I also have an issue with the spiral's bezier shape not laying flush with the ponytail surface, but that one probably needs a new question.)


There is a slightly difference between when comparing those commands.


Installing Pandoc with dpkg instead of apt

Since the apt pandoc is still version 1.19 I thought I would try to install it from here . But something went wrong: $ sudo dpkg -i /tmp/mozilla_felix0/pandoc_2.2.1-3+b2_amd64.deb  Selecting previously unselected package pandoc. (Reading database ... 197422 files and directories currently installed.) Preparing to unpack .../pandoc_2.2.1-3+b2_amd64.deb ... Unpacking pandoc (2.2.1-3+b2) ... dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of pandoc: pandoc depends on pandoc-data (>= 2.2.1-3); however:   Version of pandoc-data on system is 1.19.2.4~dfsg-1build4.  dpkg: error processing package pandoc (--install): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured Processing triggers for man-db (2.8.3-2ubuntu0.1) ... Errors were encountered while processing:  pandoc  whenever I use pandoc I get this error message now Could not find data file /usr/share/pandoc/data/abbreviations  I am not sure what I should do now. It is my first time using dpkg. I guess I need to purge the old version somehow, but I already used apt remove pandoc before, so I am unsure what went wrong.


SO has a limit on the amount of reputation that can be earnt per day of 200 (there are exceptions but this question isn't about that).  My question is exactly what constitutes a day?  Is it any 24 hour period?  Or is it the date as viewed from a specific time zone?  If so does this put some at  disadvantage due to the time zone they live in?


Steam: New steam library folder must be on a filesystem mounted with execute permissions

This question is not a duplicate, as the other questions with the same issue do not have working solutions.  I installed steam onto my main hard drive, but I need to add a library because my main hard drive doesn't have enough space for games. When I try to create a new library, I get the error message:  New steam library folder must be on a filesystem mounted with execute permissions.   The drive I'm trying to install games onto is NTFS, and gets mounted by fstab on /media/reddragon/games. However, even when adding the options exec and rwx to the options area, I still have the same error.  The current workaround is to mount the drive through nautilus when I log in, but It's kind of annoying, since I shutdown my computer every time I walk away for more than a few minutes.  Does anyone know what I'm doing wrong here?  Also, making a symbolic link to the default directory won't work, I don't like symbolic links, they're very complicated to deal with, especially when unmounting and mounting drives.


twig template to fetch details of linked nodes

I have a content page say content type "spl content" which has few related pages(added using field entity reference). when i create page in admin I can link multiple pages to my page using  entity reference which i call in this specific case as related pages.  I have custom template for content type "spl content", here I get all the node ids of related pages but I want to access further details of the related pages.  Is it possible in twig template having path themes/custom/{themename}/templates/node--spl-content.html.twig to fetch details of related node?  I do get node ids of related pages by looping node.field_related_pages  {% for item in node.field_related_pages %}  {{item.entity.id}}  {% endfor %}   item.entity.id prints the node id of every related page. I need to have body content and other field of related page in this twig.  Any help is appreciated.


What is the word to describe a (fully competent) translator's inability to translate the exact sense?

Translators are often at a loss to exactly translate a word, phrase or even an entire sentence because the source language and the target language are so far removed from each other culturally and linguistically.   For example, there seems to be no English equivalent for the Marathi concept, "Vihin Bai". It refers to the relationship between the mothers of the man and the woman who are/are going to be married. Since the concept does not exist in the same form in English-speaking societies, there's probably no equivalent.  What I need to find out is whether there is a word to describe the translator's inability to translate such culture-specific terms.


Customizing default login failure message SharePoint 2013

On the default FBA Login Page, when a user enters wrong username/password an error message gets displayed:     "The server could not sign you in. Make sure your Username and   Password are correct, and then try again.".   I want to change this error message dynamically according to requirement.   Such as      'Invalid Username or Password', 'Your account has been locked'


What's a word/phrase for a player/seducer?

I can't seem to remember this particular word/phrase. I'm almost certain it's a two-word phrase. It specifically refers to someone who is skilled with the ladies, ie, someone who knows the tricks of the trade.  Usage: - "Unless you're a X-Y, that's not going to work with her."  Edit :  I'm not looking for 'ladies man', 'casanova', 'womanizer' etc. This phrase refers to someone who's more of a pro and one who is serious about his business.


How can I add left space to a block of text? (see the attempts and pictures below)  I can think of two ways:  minipage  \documentclass{article}  \usepackage{lipsum}  \begin{document}  \lipsum[1]  \noindent \hspace{2em}% \begin{minipage}{0.95\textwidth} \lipsum[2-3] \end{minipage}  \end{document}     Three problems:   I cannot use another minipage within that minipage (which I need in my usecase) Indentation and paragraph spacing seem to change What to pass as the width optional argument?   enumitem  Using itemize with the enumitem options:  \documentclass{article}  \usepackage{lipsum} \usepackage{enumitem}  % needed!  \begin{document}  \lipsum[1]  \begin{itemize}[label={},leftmargin=2em] \item \lipsum[2-3] \end{itemize}  \end{document}   It loses indentation and the paragraph spacing is a little different than the rest, but looks like much better:    Anyhow, any other suggestion?  (Duplicate of: )


Statistics probability help - can someone confirm my solution?

In a certain population, 15% of the people have Rh-negative blood. A blood bank serving this population receives 100 blood donors on a particular day.   (a) What is the probability that 15 to 20 (inclusive) of the donors are Rh-negative?  I got an answer of 0.4939 by subtracting the z scores of p(z<1.54) and p(z<-0.14). I also rounded 15 and 20 to 14.5 and 20.5 when inserting the values in the z-score formula.   My mean I got was 100 *0.15 = 15. And my standard dev is 3.5707 from the square root of npq.   I was wondering if someone could confirm my answer?


Finding the limit of a 2-dimensional function

How can I prove that $\displaystyle{\lim_{(x, y) \to (0, 0)} \frac{x^3 - y^3}{x^2 + y^2}}=0$?  The method I've been taught is the pinching one, where you compare the absolute value of the function to greater limits that are known to equal zero, but I haven't managed to find a comparison that works.  Could someone point me in the right direction?


Need for Speed Most Wanted 2005 is lagging in my laptop

I have an Asus laptop with 2GB ram, a 500GB hard disk, Intel HD Graphics card in-build & DirectX12. I had installed Need for Speed Most Wanted 2005, but it works very slow and I can't complete a single race. I am using Windows 10 What should I do to fix this issue? Any help will be appreciated.


How do changes to your speed that occur on your own turn affect your available movement?

After seeing  on whether releasing a grappled creature increases your available movement, I am wondering a more general question.  Under  it states:     On your turn, you can move a distance up to your speed...   I also noticed that the  specifically states:     Any increase or decrease to your speed changes this additional movement by the same amount...   But I am still unsure; how do changes to your speed which occur on your own turn, such as , , or , affect your available movement for that turn?  For example, if you have 30 speed and movement, and you use 10 movement and then longstrider is cast on you, do you now have 30 movement left or 20? If you have 30 speed and movement, and you use 10 movement and then ray of frost is cast on you, do you now have 20 movement left or 10?  My other question  is not a duplicate because it did not specify that the changes to your movement were occurring on your own turn (the current answer there assumed they were not on your own turn)


Can I split one RS232 output signal into two signals?

I have one controller which processes data from a weigh scale. With it I can capture data using hyper terminal on a PC (RS232 communication - standard DB9 connector). Now I want to analyze it on another PC as well.   Unfortunately, my controller has only one RS232 output. Can I tap another RS 232 from the existing signal cable (by stripping the cable, taking out parallel signals and all)?  Or I need to use any custom hardware or cable?  Ah well, that was my original question, and I did try using the circuit, the problem is I can receive data only on one terminal. The splitter is not working. Totally Clueless now. Any Ideas ???


index.php 403 in Drupal on centos 7 with SELinux enabled

i tried to install drupal on centos, i have configure my server (install httpd, mysql, php, etc) everything looks good until the last part: hit the url to install drupal  the problem here is once i hit the url/ip addr it return me 403 forbidden.  but it is weird because i put phpinfo.php at the same folder with the same group,owner and permission and i can see the page...  any idea what possibly went wrong?  Edit: httpd error log:     [Thu Nov 12 01:43:38.757390 2015] [core:error] [pid 2600]   (13)Permission denied: [client 192.168.yy.xx:53408] AH00035: access to   /index.php denied (filesystem path '/var/www/html/index.php') because   search permissions are missing on a component of the path   okay, i found the issue here, it is because the selinux enabled. i did setenforce 0 and it works... but however any idea how to make this work with selinux enabled (setenforce 1) ?  thanks!


Why can't I get the camera view like in the tutorial?

In this tutorial: Create a Realistic City - Blender Tutorial  At 10:36 he presses CtrlAltNumpad 0  When I do the same I get nothing but an empty view. Then he goes back to object mode and can play with the camera zoom in out.  I'm now in edit mode and everything selected.    And more or less I'm in same position as he is.  Now when I press CtrlAltNumpad 0 I get this:    Not even close to what he did.


Ubuntu 14.04 with internet connection sharing internet to Win XP vitualbox

I've looked through the posted questions and there are a lot of topics about sharing guest's e.g. Win XP connection to Ubuntu host.   What I'm actually looking is if there is a way to share Ubuntu's (host) internet connection to guest's (Win XP), I use Xubuntu netbook with wi-fi to share internet to Ubuntu 14.04 Desktop through LAN cable, it works pretty well, but... I need to run this program which I wasn't able to run through Wine on Ubuntu, so I followed given advice and installed Virtualbox with Win XP on it... Now the problem is I do not have internet connection on that guest Win XP in Virtualbox, but I really need it.   SO the question is if there is a way to do this kind of thing and how can I establish internet connection from Ubuntu 14.04 host to Win XP guest in Virtualbox?  All help will be much appreciated. Sorry if I didn't see already existing forum topic, I tried to look it up, but didn't find the needed information.   Thank you


What's the probability of choosing two numbers from $[0,1]$ and having the difference at least one half?

We have the unit interval $[0,1]$ and we want to find the probability of picking two random numbers $a,b$ from that interval with $|a-b|>0.5$.  Must I investigate $[0,1]×[0,1]$?  I don't have the faintest idea of how to solve this. The problem is that $[0,1]$ has infinite numbers to pick from… so how to calculate a probability with infinitely many items in the sample space?  I would be really happy if somebody shed a light on this.


Are two IPs with different subnet masks but same netword IDs on the same network?

I can't figure this out. I have two IPs, and two subnet masks:  IP1: 10.150.1.4   SM: 255.255.255.248 IP2: 10.150.1.6   SM: 255.255.255.224   These two hosts both have the same Network ID (10.150.1.0) but have different subnet masks. Are they in the same network?


sign of loglikelihood during parameter estimation

I need to optimize parameters of a Gaussian shaped function to best fit my data points using maximum likelihood.  I first make an initial estimate for the parameters (mu, sigma and peak) and apply a gradient descent (fmincon in Matlab) algorithm to optimize these parameters.   The cost function is the sum of the negative log values of probabilities of observing each data point given the model parameters and the model noise parameter.   sum(-log( normpdf( Y - model( X, params) ,0,error_sigma) ));   where, Y: observations  normpdf : normal probability densitiy function.  model:  a function that takes the x values and parameters to be optimized  params : parameters of the model  error_sigma : noise of the data  I optimize the model parameters and the noise parameter simultaneously to obtain highest -loglikelihood values.  I am puzzled by obtaining negative likelihood values. I would have estimated that -log of probabilities should always evaluate in positive values. However, the matlab function normpdf, especially for small spread values, returns probability values which are bigger than 1.  This is because the integral of the normpdf function does nearly never sums up to 1. Therefore I am thinking that I should be using the normal cumulative function for optimization, instead of normpdf in order to get valid loglikelihood values. However, the parameters never converges as good as the normpdf case, when I use normcdf.  I hope I am clear.


How to validate input in javascript for numbers

Here i am trying to do the validation for the html input form. here i want to return false if the input is not a number. i want to return false if anything else other than number is supplied as input.  How can i do this? what is the pattern for the number validation  <form class="form-horizontal" name="product-form" method="post" action="go.php" role="form" enctype="multipart/form-data" onsubmit="return validateForm();">
                 Product Price
                   <input type="text" class="form-control" name="product_price" id="product_price" placeholder="36000" required>

 </form>   Javascript  function validateForm() {     var x = document.forms["product-form"]["product_price"].value;     if (x == null || x == "") {         alert("price must have only numbers");         return false;     } }


Sous Vide Brisket Interrupted, is that safe?

First of all, sorry for my bad english, I'm a foreign.  I'm new at sous vide world, and have a doubt, and I'm wondering if someone more experienced can help me.  For days I was looking for the ingredients to make this recipe:   I did all like the recipe says, including using the Prague Powder nº 1 (very difficult to buy in Brazil since the sell was restricted by law).  The Problem:  After the meat rested for 3 hours with Prague Powder, was a little late, about 12:00 am, than at 12:30 am I put pre-heated water over 50ºC (122ºF) on the container, and also the meat, programed to cook at 68ºC (154,4ºF), timed for 24 hours. About 01:00 AM, the water reached the target temperature and cooked ok until about 9:00 am, when power was out and obviously turned off the equipment.   I wasn't at home and just figured out when was already 06:00 pm and the water was at 35ºC (95ºF) when immediately I started to heat the water again, with take about one hour to reach 68ºC (154,4ºF), after reached the temperature I let it cook for more 16:30.  Relevant Facts:   I tested, in same container, with same water volume that was cooked the meat, how long it takes to drop the temperature to the critical 54,4°C (130ºF), and the answer is at least 55 minutes; Based on that test I think the meat keeped in critical temperature for about 8 hours; I used well-prepared vacuum packaging, which left almost no air inside. The meat has about 70 mm thickness.   Questions:   The first cook (8 hours at 68ºC (154,4ºF)) was enough to pasteurize the meat? Prague Powder can help to prevent pathogens? Is it safe to eat this meat? What can I expect with the interruption of cooking in terms of loss?   I appreciate if someone with more experience than me can help me.  Thx.


I seem to have trouble deciding whether or not to use 'a' or 'an' when followed by quantities:     Built (a/an) 120 lb. robot.   and     Built (a/an) 18"x 18"x 18" robot.     In terms of pronunciation, the first case could go like:     Built a one-hundred-and-twenty pound robot.   or, like:     Built an a-hundred-and-twenty pound robot.   Which would it be?


Is there a proof that $\pi \times e$ is irrational?

A little reading suggests:  It is known that either $\pi + e$ or $\pi \times e$ is transcendental (or possibly both), but no proof is known that one of those two numbers in particular is transcendental.  If we just want irrationality rather than transcendence, is a proof known?  Can we prove $\pi+e$ is irrational?  Can we prove $\pi \times e$ is irrational?


Unable to submit C# code from compiler into SO

I have tried the following, copying my code from the IDE into SO. Copying the code and verfied that it is indented 4 spaces as requested by SO and then pasting into SO. I also went as far as to hand type everything from IDE into the SO manually building the code and it still gave me the below error. I could not find any good help to get past this error message and submit my code. I have tried to alter the format several ways. Thank you greatly for your assistance.


Round to at most 2 decimal places in JavaScript most common way

As you can see on this site, a usual way to calculate rounded number is: Math.round(num * 100) / 100  But my tests have shown me a strange behaviour of this method:  Math.round(1.155 * 100) / 100 = 1.16  Math.round(1.355 * 100) / 100 = 1.36  Math.round(1.255 * 100) / 100 = 1.25 - it's a mistake  Math.round(1.455 * 100) / 100 = 1.46  Math.round(0.255 * 100) / 100 = 0.26  Math.round(2.255 * 100) / 100 = 2.26  Math.round(3.255 * 100) / 100 = 3.26  Math.round(1.255 * 100) / 100 = 1.25 - it's a mistake  Be careful!


Updating/merging rows from imported data that share the same primary key in Google Sheets

I'm using an IMPORTDATA function tied to a auto-running script to pull in a .TSV data file from an obscure webform system. That all works well, and I'm able to generate a nice dashboard from this data.  However, the way the originating system works is causing some problems. When someone updates their data, instead of making the updates in the original row in the TSV, the originating system creates a new row with a new timestamp (and the new data). I can see that they're duplicates because the rows both have the same primary key (email address), but I can't figure out how to merge the rows and/or delete the older row, keeping only the newer one.  Google is failing me on figuring out what functions to use here. Any advice?


Getting a VF component dynamically by name in Apex

I am trying to use Apex to control which component to show inside a <apex:dynamicComponent> but I don't want to hardcode the component names. So my question is, how can I reference the component by name dynamically in Apex? Is there a map/list somewhere that returns all components that I can then iterate over?


How do I recreate the colours and what seems to be a filter on the image

I found this photo on a flickr page and was wondering how to create those colours and what seems to be some kind of coloured filter added on top.  Subject images;    Similar unedited Image:   It's next to impossible to find an identical photo due to the secrecy amongst us planespotters in involved, in getting exclusive photos.  I have been told lightroom and Photoshop were used to create this effect.


Viewing external video input over mini displayport

I use an iMac as a nice large external display for a laptop on occasion. However swapping between the external input and the OSX desktop view means I can't view both at the same time (Cmd+F2).  I wonder if it is possible to have that external display viewed inside an app's window (sort of picture in picture, with the normal OSX desktop displayed at the same time).  Any ideas if this is even feasible, and if so, what solutions may exist?   Late 2009 27" iMac


How to Install Ubuntu on separate hard drive in a dual boot With Windows 7?

I am in a similar situation as this poster except I have Windows 7 Pro: I have SSD which is the C drive which stores windows and a 1TB hard drive. I have created a CD with an image of Ubuntu. I'm still pretty new to all this so need a bit of hand holding!    I'm not clear from his post whether or not he has partitioned his hard drive prior to installing Ubuntu or not.   However judging from the response there 2nd hard drive sdb does not appear to be partitioned. The responder (Mitch) goes on to partition the drive using the Ubuntu installer as shown.    In my case I already have files stored on the second drive, can I still safely use the Ubuntu installation software to partition software? Or would it be better to use a different piece of software to partition the hard drive prior to install? Obviously I don't want the existing files to be wiped (although I have backed them up). FYI, I've never partitioned a hard drive before.  Also I noticed that other answers to the same problem suggest disconnecting the windows hard drive first.    2 ways, depending on exactly how you want to choose what OS you want to boot into.   You want to choose via the BIOS boot menu: Disconnect the current Windows drive Connect the other drive Install Ubuntu Choose the OS during the BIOS boot sequence You want to choose via the GRUB menu: Leave the Windows drive connected Connect the other drive Install Ubuntu to the new drive (be careful here that you choose the correct drive!) At boot time, you will be presented with a menu, allowing you which OS to boot into   As well as being safer (in that your Windows drive won't be wiped) especially important in my case as I don't have the capacity to back it up.   Is there any major advantages between choosing the OS via the BIOS as opposed to the Grub drive? FYI... I'm not even sure what a Grub drive is, I'm just looking for the easiest/quickest solution.  Mitch's original response seems to be the the GRUB based solution. Is this correct?   However all I have to do to amend Mitch's solution to the BIOS based one is to physically disconnect the windows drive after switching the boot to DVD drive in BIOS and then follow Mitch's instructions for the rest but having one drive instead of two.  I then reconnect the windows drive afterwards.  Do I have to make any other changes to the BIOS after this?


$\mathbb E[\max(X_1,X_2)]$ for $X_1,X_2$ correlated Gaussian random variables

Let $X_1,X_2$ be correlated Gaussian random variables, centered, such that $\text{cov}(X_1,X_2) = \epsilon$, for $0<\epsilon<1$. Calculate $\mathbb E [\max(X_1,X_2)]$.  I don't really know how to perform the calculation to its end. I first calculated the density. Let's right $\Gamma$ the covariant matrix of $(X_1,X_2)^\top$. Thus, one may find $\det \Gamma = 1-\epsilon^2$ and the density $f(x) = \frac{1}{2\pi\sqrt{1-\epsilon^2}}\exp\left(-\frac{1-\epsilon^2}{2} (x_1^2+x_2^2 - 2\epsilon x_1x_2)\right)$ Then, I tried to compute: $$ \begin{align} \mathbb E [\max(X_1,X_2)] &= 2\int_{\mathbb R}\int_{x_1}^{+\infty} x_2f(x)dx_2dx_1 \\&= \frac{1}{\pi\sqrt{1-\epsilon^2}}\int_{\mathbb R}\int_{x_1}^{+\infty}x_2\exp\left(-\frac{1-\epsilon^2}{2} (x_1^2+x_2^2 - 2\epsilon x_1x_2)\right)dx_2dx_1 \end{align} $$ But I don't know how to deal with the cross term in the exponential.


Dirac's delta in 3 dimensions: proof of $\nabla^2(\|\boldsymbol{x}-\boldsymbol{x}_0\|^{-1})=-4\pi\delta(\boldsymbol{x}-\boldsymbol{x}_0)$

If $T_f$ is a distribution, i.e. a linear functional, continuous according to the convergence defined , defined on the space $K$ of the functions of class $C^\infty$ that are null outside a bounded interval (which is not the same for all functions), its derivative is defined as $$\frac{dT_f}{dx}(\varphi):=-T_f(\varphi')$$where $\varphi'$ is the derivative of $\varphi$. The symbolic writing $T_f(\varphi)=\int_{-\infty}^\infty f(x)\varphi(x)dx$ is often used to write such a functional, since, if $g$ is (Riemann or Lebesgue) integrable on every bounded interval, then $\int_{-\infty}^\infty g(x)\varphi(x)dx$ indeed is such a continuous functional. In this context, we can symbolically define the "derivative" $f'$, for any $T_f$, even if the symbolic writing $f$ does not refer to an integrable function, according to the expression$$\int_{-\infty}^\infty f'(x)\varphi(x)dx:=-\int_{-\infty}^\infty f(x)\varphi'(x)dx=:\frac{dT_f}{dx}(\varphi).$$  Let us come to my question. While studying physics, in particular the theory of electromagnetism and the , I always find the equality$$\nabla^2\left(\frac{1}{\|\boldsymbol{x}-\boldsymbol{x}_0\|}\right)=-4\pi\delta(\boldsymbol{x}-\boldsymbol{x}_0)$$where $\nabla^2$ is the $^1$. I suppose that, in the tridimensional case, with $\phi:\mathbb{R}^3\to\mathbb{R}$, $\int_{\mathbb{R}^3}\frac{\partial f(\boldsymbol{x})}{\partial x_i}\phi(\boldsymbol{x}) dx_1dx_2dx_3$ is analogously defined as $\frac{\partial T_f}{\partial x_i}(\varphi)$, which I suppose to be analogously defined, in turn, as $-\int_{\mathbb{R}^3}f(\boldsymbol{x})\frac{\partial \phi(\boldsymbol{x})}{\partial x_i} dx_1dx_2dx_3$, although I say I suppose because I have not found a rigourous definition of such derivatives on line nor in cartaceous texts; as to mathematical resources, I have studied Kolmogorov-Fomin's Элементы теории функций и функционального анализа, which only focuses on the monodimensional $\varphi:\mathbb{R}\to\mathbb{R}$ case. Once fixed a proper definition of such derivatives, how can it be proved that $\nabla^2(\|\boldsymbol{x}-\boldsymbol{x}_0\|^{-1})=-4\pi\delta(\boldsymbol{x}-\boldsymbol{x}_0)$?  $^1$ The link contains a derivation of $\nabla^2(\|\boldsymbol{x}-\boldsymbol{x}_0\|^{-1})=-4\pi\delta(\boldsymbol{x}-\boldsymbol{x}_0)$ , but I do not understand it: I would understand it if we could apply Gauss's divergence theorem at (20), but I know it for functions of class $C^1(\mathring{A})$, $\overline{V}\subset\mathring{A}$, only, while $\nabla\left(\frac{1}{\|\boldsymbol{x}-\boldsymbol{x}_0\|}\right)$ is not even defined for $\boldsymbol{x}=\boldsymbol{x}_0$; the  of the identity $\nabla^2(\|\boldsymbol{x}-\boldsymbol{x}_0\|^{-1})$ $=-4\pi\delta(\boldsymbol{x}-\boldsymbol{x}_0)$ that I have found uses a "weak limit", but it does not use the formal definiton of derivative of a distribution that I have written above. These are the two only references addressing what I am asking that I have managed to find.


Triggering an action when a specific volume is connected

I have a USB key that contains my keepass2 password database and I'd like to perform some actions when it is plugged into my computer, namely:   Auto-mount it to some specific location When the mounting is done properly, launching keepass2 on the password database file   Simple tasks I guess, but I can't find how to do that.  I'm using Ubuntu 12.10, and it auto-mounts the device as a "media usb-key" and tries to open the images on it (even though there are none).  What is the best way to do that and to disable the ubuntu auto-mounting (so it doesn't conflict) ?


Debugging RuntimeError: workspace already in transaction mode from arcpy.da.UpdateCursor and ArcSDE feature classes?

I am making my first attempt at editing an ArcSDE feature class with python through a da.UpdateCursor. I'm essentially taking code I've written for a file geodatabase feature class and applying it to an SDE feature class. Doing so produces an error, and I'm not sure how to rectify the problem.   I'm using ArcGIS 10.1 for Desktop.  Pertinent code:  Struxfeature = r"DatabaseConnections\PipelinePathways.sde\PPGIS.Strux\PPGIS.StruxPts_v04_all" P6feature = r"DatabaseConnections\PipelinePathways.sde\PPGIS.Strux\PPGIS.Land_Projects_Parcels_P6"  SDE = r"Database Connections\PipelinePathways.sde" UserID = "E1B8" Parent = "SDE.DEFAULT" version = "change_RW_VC_4447_14_to_C"  #Create Version print "Creating version" arcpy.CreateVersion_management(SDE, Parent, version, "PUBLIC") VersionName = UserID.upper() + "." + version  #Layers arcpy.MakeFeatureLayer_management (Struxfeature, "Struxlyr") arcpy.MakeFeatureLayer_management (P6feature, "P6lyr")  #Switch to version print "Switching version" arcpy.ChangeVersion_management("Struxlyr", "TRANSACTIONAL", VersionName) arcpy.ChangeVersion_management("P6lyr", "TRANSACTIONAL", VersionName)  #Start editing print "Initiating editing" edit = arcpy.da.Editor(SDE) edit.startEditing()  # Start an edit operation edit.startOperation()   #Change P6 project numbers    print "Updating P6.\n" P6Cursor = arcpy.da.UpdateCursor ("P6lyr", ["P6_NBR", "Name"]) for row in P6Cursor:     codecodecode   The error comes from the line 'for row in P6Cursor:'  Traceback (most recent call last):   File "C:\E1B8\ScriptTesting\ScriptsIUse\ChangeP6.py", line 81, in <module>     for row in P6Cursor: RuntimeError: workspace already in transaction mode


How did they found that the gravitational waves where emitted at redshift $z=0.09$?  I understand the measurement of redshift for an electromagnetic wave where we have measured in a lab various transitions and therefore we can make a comparison with the wavelength we receive.  But how can they manage to get the redshift for the emitter of gravitational waves, since we have no reference?


I installed Lubuntu 14.04 on my wife's old netbook. I cannot get the wireless to work.  I initially installed the STA driver, but it did not work. I then removed it and installed the b43 driver. Synaptic Package Manager shows that firmware-b43-lpphy-installer and b43-fwcutter are installed and that bcmwl-kernel-source is not installed.  Yet when I go to the Additional Drivers screen is says that Broadcom BCM4312 is not working and is using bcmwl-kernel-source (which I know is not installed).  It also shows "unknown device" and gives me the option to continue using manually installed driver  If I try to do so, nothing happens. There is also a grayed out option that says using non-free firmware for Linux kernel from linux-firmware-non-free.  Any help would be appreciated. I am at my wits end, and the wife is threatening to go buy a Windows computer.  OK, it is not a blacklist issue. Here is the result of the dmesg | grep b43 command:  [17.652124] b43-phy0: Broadcom 4312 WLAN found (core revision 15) [17.728574] b43-phy0: Found PHY: Analog 6, Type 5 (LP), Revision 1  [22.268301] b43-phy0: Loading firmware version 478.104 (2008-07-01 00:50:23


Deriving system properties from energy spectrum

To what extent can we derive the properties of a system given the existence of a hermitian operator with a particular spectrum? For example, if we know that there exists a hermitian operator with eigenvalues equal to n+1/2 for all positive integers (in suitable units), can we conclude that there must exist hermitian operators x and p with eigenvalues spanning all real numbers with the appropriate commutation relations etc? Of course, we usually work in the opposite direction; x and p (and their spectra/ commutation relations) are defined, then a Hamiltonian is defined as a function of them and we determine the spectrum of H from these assumptions. To what extent can we ‘work backwards’ and derive that other operators with certain properties must exist, given the existence of a hermitian operator with a certain (positive definite/ discreet in this example) spectrum ?


Prove that if $\mathcal{F}'$ is normal and $\sup_{f ∈ \mathcal{F}} \{ |f(z_0)| \} < +∞$, then $\mathcal{F}$ is normal

The question  Let $Ω$ be a domain in $ℂ$. Let $\mathcal{F}$ be a family of holomorphic functions at $Ω$, and let $\mathcal{F}' = \left\{ f':\ f∈\mathcal{F} \right\}$ be the family of derivatives of $\mathcal{F}$.   Show that if $\mathcal{F}$ is a normal family, then $\mathcal{F}'$ is also normal. Give an example to show that the reciprocal is incorrect. Prove that if $\mathcal{F}'$ is normal and for some $z_0 ∈ Ω$ we have $\sup_{f ∈ \mathcal{F}} \{ |f(z_0)| \} < +∞$, then $\mathcal{F}$ is normal.     What I can't solve  I've been able to solve 1. (as a Weierstrass consequence) and 2.  But I don't know how to even try 3.  Any help?


this is what i have so far int[] startInts = Arrays.copyOfRange(myInts, count+1, myInts.length); // first half of array int[] endInts = Arrays.copyOfRange(myInts, count+1, myInts.length); // other half of array  int[] newInts = new int[startInts.length + endInts.length]; System.arraycopy(startInts, 0, newInts, 0, startInts.length); System.arraycopy(endInts, 0, newInts, startInts.length, endInts.length);  myInts = newInts;  But all this does is give me a number. It doesn't really merge the two arrays into one array. Any help with how to do this. Solution int[] startInts = Arrays.copyOfRange(myInts, myInts[0], index); // first half of array         int[] endInts = Arrays.copyOfRange(myInts, count+1, myInts.length); // other half of array          System.out.println(Arrays.toString(startInts));         System.out.println(Arrays.toString(endInts));                  int[] newInts = new int[startInts.length + endInts.length];         System.arraycopy(startInts, 0, newInts, 0, startInts.length);         System.arraycopy(endInts, 0, newInts, startInts.length, endInts.length);


Why does == work for int, double etc, but not String in java

I don't understand why the operator "==" will not work for comparing string, but will for comparing int, double, float, etc. from what i understand, "==" determines if two entities are pointing to the same object  int a = 10; int b = 10;  if(a == b){ ... }   a and b are have different reference in memory but this statement returns true. why is that? i thought "==" compares reference?


find the smallest positive multiple $n$ of 1994 such that the produc of the divisors of $n$ is $n^{1994}$

Find the smallest positive multiple $n$ of 1994 such that the produc of the divisors of $n$ is $n^{1994}$  Attempt Let $n\in \mathbb{N}$ and denote by $d(n)$ the number of divisors of $n$ and $p(n)$ the product of all the divisors of $n$ including $n$. Consider the factorization of $n$ given by $n=p_1^{\alpha_1} p_2^{\alpha_2}\cdots p_n^{\alpha_n}$ for $\alpha_i\in \mathbb{N}$. Is known the fact that $p(n)=n^{d(n)/2}=n^{1994}$ it is $d(n)=997 \cdot 2^2$ in addition $n=997 \cdot 2 \cdot k\, $  for some  $k\in \mathbb{N}$. since $n$ is the smallest multiple of $1994$ with $997 \cdot 2^2$ divisors then $n$ should be $2^{998} \cdot 997$ Any comment or corretion was helpful


Let $\zeta(s)=  \sum_{n=1}^{\infty}\frac{1}{n^{s}}$ a standard formula.  I'm confused if you tell me: does this series: $\sum_{n=1}^{\infty}\frac{1} {n^{s}}$ converge?  I will answer you: this series is divergent. But if you say: $\zeta(-2)$ it will be: $\zeta(-2)=  \sum_{n=1}^{\infty}\frac{1}{n^{-2}}=0$. Will be convergent. So why ?


Does pronouncing an initialism make it an acronym?

One definition of an  is:     An abbreviation formed by (usually initial) letters taken from a word or series of words, that is itself pronounced as a word, such as RAM, radar, or scuba; sometimes contrasted with initialism.   An  is:     A term formed from the initial letter or letters of several words or parts of words, but which is itself pronounced letter by letter.   If I pronounce an initialism, as a word, and not just as letters, does that 'make' it an acronym?


What mode does the terminal go into when I type a single quote?

When I enter single quote ' in terminal it goes to some other mode, and commands don't execute. What is this mode and when do we use it?  root@sai:~# ' > ls > ' ls : command not found root@sai:~#


Before the ambulance arrived, the injured man died .   No need for past perfect here.     As the ambulance approached the scene, the driver noticed that no one at all was attending to the injured man. This was because, before the ambulance arrived, the injured man had died. No one was looking after the injured man, because he had died.   Past perfect is needed as explanation but the sequence of time without it would be crystal clear. Would it be possible to use past simple?     My dad was furious because I scratched his car.   So why not past perfect for scratched as it is an explaination of why my dad is furious?


Retrieving All Accounts in a Hierarchy Using 15-Character ID

I have an Account hierarchy. I have a formula on my Account that returns the ID of the Account at the top of the hierarchy. Due to formula size restraints, I can't use CASESAFEID in the formula, so it only returns the 15 character ID. Return type of the formula is Text (String).  My use case is given one Account, return all the Accounts in its hierarchy. The problem is, I have a 15 character ID from the formula and SOQL is not case sensitive.   So if I do something like this:  Account a = [SELECT Id, Ultimate_Parent_Id__c FROM Account LIMIT 1]; String parentId = a.Ultimate_Parent_Id__c; String query = 'SELECT Id, ' + Util.GetDynamicQueryString() + ' FROM Account WHERE Ultimate_Parent_Id__c =: parentId'; List<Account> results = Database.query(query);   This won't work because theoretically there could be multiple Accounts with that 15-character ID when it is processed case-insensitive.  Since SOQL can't compare the String values in a case sensitive manner, the only way I can think to do this is to write a trigger to stamp the 18 character ID of the ultimate parent on create or reparent.  Has anyone figured out a way around this?


Restore from copy of SQL Server backup file produces invalid data error

We have an instance of SQL Server 2008 R2 SP2 sitting in a DMZ.  When I back up one of its databases to a drive local to that server, then run a RESTORE VERIFYONLY against the backup file, it declares the backup set valid.  If I subsequently robocopy the backup file to a mapped drive, pointing to a server located in our domain, then run a RESTORE VERIFYONLY (or a full RESTORE DATABASE, for that matter) against the copied backup file, while connected to a SQL Server instance which is also in the domain (running SQL Server 2008 R2 SP3), the subsequent RESTORE returns the following error message:        Msg 3203, Level 16, State 1, Line 1     Read on "<Backup file path>" failed: 13(The data is invalid.)     Msg 3013, Level 16, State 1, Line 1     VERIFY DATABASE is terminating abnormally.   This happens consistently and is repeatable.  Anyone have any ideas as to what might be corrupting the copied backup file?  Does robocopy feature any validation flags that might be useful?  What's the best way to troubleshoot this?


I have an old (how could it be otherwise) HP elitebook 745 with an AMD processor and a broadcom wifi. The driver was not present until running  apt-get install firmware-b43-installer   but apparently loads now. this step was also listed in the referenced "installing broadcom drivers article".   A new problem appears, visible from dmesg  [    1.591898] bcma: bus0: Found chip with id 43228, rev 0x00 and package 0x08 [    1.591923] bcma: bus0: Core 0 found: ChipCommon (manuf 0x4BF, id 0x800, rev 0x25, class 0x0) [    1.591942] bcma: bus0: Core 1 found: IEEE 802.11 (manuf 0x4BF, id 0x812, rev 0x1E, class 0x0) [    1.592049] bcma: bus0: Core 2 found: PCIe (manuf 0x4BF, id 0x820, rev 0x12, class 0x0) [    1.592068] bcma: bus0: Core 3 found: SDIO Device (manuf 0x4BF, id 0x829, rev 0x07, class 0x0) [    1.604210] bcma: bus0: Bus registered  [    5.164775] b43 bcma0:1 wlp2s0b1: renamed from wlan0 [    5.188343] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): wlp2s0b1: link is not ready [    5.348195] b43-phy0: Loading firmware version 666.2 (2011-02-23 01:15:07) [    5.468139] [drm] ib test on ring 1 succeeded in 0 usecs [    5.512831] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): wlp2s0b1: link is not ready [    5.563673] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): wlp2s0b1: link is not ready [    5.620189] AMD-Vi: Event logged [ [    5.620196] INVALID_DEVICE_REQUEST device=00:00.1 address=0x000000fdf80c0020 flags=0x0a00]   The symptom is that now "WiFi networks" is shown as an option in the "Network" menu, but is grayed out (no actual WLAN networks are shown). If I try to connect to a wlan as hidden network it fails, and dmesg shows the last lines of the above script again.  ifconfig yields  wlp2s0b1: flags=4099<UP,BROADCAST,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500         ether ac:e0:10:my:ma:ca  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)         RX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)         RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0         TX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)         TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0   following a comment I also issued below command:  lspci -knn | grep Net -A3; rfkill list 02:00.0 Network controller [0280]: Broadcom Inc. and subsidiaries BCM43228 802.11a/b/g/n [14e4:4359]     Subsystem: Broadcom Inc. and subsidiaries BCM43228 802.11a/b/g/n [14e4:05e2]     Kernel driver in use: bcma-pci-bridge     Kernel modules: bcma 0: phy0: Wireless LAN     Soft blocked: no     Hard blocked: no 1: hci0: Bluetooth     Soft blocked: no     Hard blocked: no   I then removed firmware-b43-installer and used apt install bcmwl-kernel-source. Further I uncommented in /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf  # replaced by b43 and ssb. # blacklist bcm43xx   Then we still have the bcma as a kernel module ...  lspci -knn | grep Net -A3 02:00.0 Network controller [0280]: Broadcom Inc. and subsidiaries BCM43228 802.11a/b/g/n [14e4:4359]     Subsystem: Broadcom Inc. and subsidiaries BCM43228 802.11a/b/g/n [14e4:05e2]     Kernel driver in use: wl     Kernel modules: bcma, wl   After removing the comment in blacklist.conf and checking rfkill the situation is as before, the wifi seems to be known to the system, but is not operational, is grayed out and does not see networks.  I am checking:  iw wlo1 info Interface wlo1     ifindex 3     wdev 0x1     addr ac:e0:10:3d:f2:f4     type managed     wiphy 0     txpower 200.00 dBm   so in principle it should be fine. However in dmesg I see sometimes: IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): wlo1: link is not ready. (Bluetooth firmware load fails now, but I suppose that does not matter).  Could this be a networking issue? What could be missing?


i am running my own Mailserver, which works fine, but not for some targets. Basically I can send mails to everybody, except to *@gmx.net and *@web.de, If I do that, it takes about an week and then I get a Undelivered Mail Returned to Sender mail. Within that I find that error:  Diagnostic-Code: smtp; 554-gmx.net (mxgmx114) Nemesis ESMTP Service not available 554-No SMTP service 554-Bad DNS PTR resource record.   I have been googling for that and found some explanation, but I still do not know what to put where in the DNS record.  Right now I have that in the TXT part of the DNS  v=spf1 a mx ptr -all   But it is not working. How can I fix that?


I want to search in the  column "Position" for duplicates and want remove the entire row.  this my data frame dfZ1      structure(list(Position = c("01.0401  Z", "02.0714A  Z", "02.0715D  Z",  "02.0715E  Z", "10.1805T  Z", "10.1805V  Z", "10.1808I  Z", "35.9008A  Z",  "98.0408A  Z", "01.0401 Z", "02.0715D Z", "02.0714A Z", "99.0408A Z",  "35.9008A Z"), Stichwort = c("Grundlegende Charakt. gem. DVO",  "Bestandspläne Kanal LP und LS", "Aufp. für koord. Aufnahme und Einb. in GIS",  "Bestandspläne Stauraumkanal", "GF-UP-Kanalrohr, PN1, DN 1800, SN 10, gew. lief.u.verl.",  "GF-UP Abschlusskappe, PN1, DN1800, SN10  lief.u.verl.", "Aufz.angef.GF-UP Schacht.DN 1000 auf DN 1800",  "Abflussregler 10-30 l/s", "Schrämmhammer mit Schlauch", "DVO reg",  "GIS", "LS", "Neu", "Regler"), Einheit = c("Stk", "m", "PA",  "PA", "m", "Stk", "Stk", "Stk", "h", "stk", "m²", "VE", "VE",  "Stk")), row.names = c(NA, 14L), class = "data.frame")    I already tried (and a lot of other things):  dfZ1[!duplicated(dfZ1[c("Position")]),]   but i didn't work.   Any ideas?  THX


Help with a recurrence with even and odd terms

I have the following recurrence that I've been pounding on:  $$ a(0)=1\\ a(1)=1\\ a(2)=2\\ a(2n)=a(n)+a(n+1)+n\ \ \ (\forall n>1)\\ a(2n+1)=a(n)+a(n-1)+1\ \ \ (\forall n\ge 1) $$  I don't have much background in solving these things, so I've been googling around looking for different techniques. Unfortunately, I haven't been able to correctly apply them yet. So far I've tried:   Characteristic equations Generating functions Plugging it into Wolfram Alpha Telescoping Observation   I'm sure that one or more of these is the way to go, but my biggest problem right now is figuring out how to deal with the idea that there are different equations for odd and even values of $n$. I'm not necessarily looking for a solution (though it would be gratefully accepted), but any nudges in the right direction would be much appreciated.    To follow up, it turned out that the speed problem described in my comment, below was related to the Decimal implementation in Python 2.7. Switching to Python 3.3 (and Java) made everything many orders of magnitude better.


Supermartingales and optimal strategies for a game

Your winnings per unit stake on game $n$ are given by independent random variables $\epsilon_n$ such that $P(\epsilon_n=1)=p$, $P(\epsilon_n=-1)=q$ with $1/2<p=1-q<1$. Let $C_n$ be your stake on game $n$ which must lie between $0$ and $Z_{n-1}$, where $Z_n$ is your fortune at time $n$ and $Z_0$ is a constant. Let $\mathcal{F}_n=\sigma(\epsilon_1,...,\epsilon_n)$.  Show that if $C_n$ is any previsible strategy then $\log Z_n-n\alpha$ is a supermartingale with $\alpha=p\log p+q\log q+\log2$ but  for a certain strategy it is a martingale and find that strategy.  I' m not sure if I am even starting correctly. It seems to me that $Z_n$ is given by $Z_{n+1}=Z_n+\epsilon_{n+1}C_{n+1}$ because  the fortune at the next time is given by the fortune at the present time plus (or minus) the stake on the next game. Now I have $$ E(\log Z_{n+1}-(n+1)\alpha | \mathcal{F}_n)=E(\log(Z_{n}+\epsilon_{n+1}C_{n+1})| \mathcal{F}_n)-\alpha-n\alpha $$ so I should prove $E(\log(Z_{n}+\epsilon_{n+1}C_{n+1}| \mathcal{F}_n)-logZ_n-\alpha\leq 0$.  In the conditional expectation I can factor $C_{n+1}$ and since it is measurable wrt $\mathcal{F}_n$ I get $$  E(\log(Z_{n}+\epsilon_{n+1}C_{n+1})| \mathcal{F}_n) =\log(C_{n+1})+E(\log(\frac{Z_{n}}{C_{n+1}}+\epsilon_{n+1})| \mathcal{F}_n) \leq \log Z_n +\log E(\frac{Z_{n}}{C_{n+1}}+\epsilon_{n+1}| \mathcal{F}_n)$$ by using Jensen. So it remains to show $$ \log E(\frac{Z_{n}}{C_{n+1}}+\epsilon_{n+1}| \mathcal{F}_n) \leq \alpha $$ or equivalently  $$E(\frac{Z_{n}}{C_{n+1}}+\epsilon_{n+1}| \mathcal{F}_n)\leq 2p^pq^q.$$ What I can get is that by measurability and independence $E(\frac{Z_{n}}{C_{n+1}}+\epsilon_{n+1}| \mathcal{F}_n)=\frac{Z_{n}}{C_{n+1}}+E\epsilon_{n+1}=\frac{Z_{n}}{C_{n+1}}+p-q$ but I don't think this is less than $2p^pq^q$.  Edit: By factoring $Z_n$ and repeating the steps I get  $$   E(\log(Z_{n}+\epsilon_{n+1}C_{n+1})| \mathcal{F}_n)\leq \log Z_n+\log(1+\frac{C_{n+1}}{Z_n}E\epsilon_{n+1})\leq \log Z_n+\log(2p)$$  because $E\epsilon_{n+1}=p-q$. So the supermartingale condition would be verified if $2p\leq 2p^pq^q$ and equivalently if $1\leq (\frac{1-p}{p})^{1-p}$, however this is true if $1>2p$ unless I didn't reverse some inqualities.   In this way it seems that if we choose $C_{n+1}=\beta Z_n$ for $\beta$ such that $1+\beta(p-q)=2p^pq^q$ we get equalities in the previous steps and therefore a martingale.  Do you think it is correct?


Maps hosted on my own server instead of ArcGIS servers?

I know ArcGIS provides maps for me to use off of their server for the price of their services.   I want to share my map with other clients without requiring them to buy a license or anything.  Is it possible for me to use my own map hosted on my own server, maybe something like google maps for free?  The closest option I have seen is OpenStreetMap . I want to add all the same layers as ArcGIS such as legend, shapes and editing.


The cardinality of a countable union of sets with less than continuum cardinality

Can continuum be a countable union of sets with cardinality, less than continuum? I can prove it for a finite union by mathematical induction from this:  $$\mathbb R = A_1 + A_2 \implies |\mathbb R| = |A_1 + A_2| = \max (|A_1| + |A_2|) \implies |A_i| = |\mathbb R|$$  But how to prove it for a countable union?


Compile-time performance difference between if(flag) and if(flag !=0)?

Is there any performance difference between   if (flag) {...}    or   if (flag!=0) {...}   Considering both compiler execution time or resources needed.


I am not asking about the difference between array and list in general, I'm just asking about the difference between them in this scenario. I have one Array. The array index is a dynamic value, and I have one integer List. int DynamicValue=20 ;//It's any values should be coming from database or anywhere   int[DynamicValue] array1=new int[DynamicValue];//Array declaration  List<int> list1=New List<int>();//List declaration   Now I create one for loop to add values to Array and List: //First add values in array for(i=0;i<DynamicValue;i++) {   array1[i]=i; }  //Then add the values to list for(i=0;i<DynamicValue;i++) {   list1.Add(i); }   Now what is this difference between the above codes ? My questions are:  Array is type safe and also defined the index size. So why do many peoples like Lists in this scenario? (I know it's useful for generics coding, but I'm asking for this scenario) The array for loop is not accruing any boxing and unboxing, So why would we need List? Which for loop (Array or List) is best in this scenario ? Which for loop will give good performance (I think both of for loops are good, because this code does not attempt any boxing and unboxing and also this codes is type safe. But I'm not sure at this time which one is better) ?


Ubuntu 16 Stuck in Login Loop after Installing Nvidia 364 Drivers

This didn't start out as a problem with the login loop.  I was attempting a clean install of Ubuntu 16 and using the new feature that allows it to detect proprietary drivers for me.  I started off with   When I attempted to use the recommended Nvidia Drivers, it caused the laptop to become unstable and freeze.    I attempted the remedy from that post and it resulted in a login loop.  I have attempted   sudo mv ~/.config/dconf/user ~/.config/dconf/user.old   Tried   sudo mv ~/.Xauthority ~/.Xauthority.backup sudo service lightdm restart   I have tried locating and disabling secureboot, but there is no secureboot option in the bios.  This is an HP DV2000 series laptop.  Nothing is helping    Can someone help?  edit:  Guest session does the same loop.  /var/log/Xorg.0.log shows a lot of stuff, but I took a pic of what seems relevant   Thing is the driver I first tried that started this mess was 304 drivers and the 364 drivers were supposed to be the fix according to other posts.  More editing:  I purged the nvidia files and it came back to a blank desktop w/o the interfaces so I right clicked and restored a backup.. The sidebar came back and it was running gallium.  I restarted and its the blank purple screen again.  I am thinking of just reinstalling and not using nvidia drivers.  The software center is telling me I have a presario and i should use 304 drivers.  Its not a presario. =(  At least the software center provides a suggestion for the coprocessor driver which is nice.


Error mounting ESP prevents installation

I wanted to reinstall my system, because I got frequent error messages while booting. However, it did not work. I can "Try Ubuntu" but get error messages in the installation menu.  Apparently, the old OS was only partially removed. Whe I try to format the  partition, I get the following error message:  Der Versuch, ein Dateisystem vom Typ vfat auf SCSI1(0,0,0),Partition#1(sda) als /boot/efi einzubinden, ist fehlgeschlagen. Sie sollten die Partitionierung im Partitionierungsmenü fortsetzten.   Translation:   There was an error trying to mount a file system of the type vfat on SCSI1(0,0,0),Partition#1(sda) as /boot/efi. You should continue the partitioning in the partitioning menu   I can skip this error but during the installation I see the following warning in the terminal, which I assume is caused by the previous error.  /usr/lib/ubiquity/fronted/gtk_components/nmwidgets.py:18: Warning Source ID 7804 was not found when attemping to remove it. GLib.source_remove(self.timeout_id)   I also get errors when I try to install Windows.  Can anyone help me install my system?


Looking here at the beta reg packge:    The code below is using a categorical batch variable and a continuous temp variable to predict yield which is (0,1).  How does one interpret the coefficients. For example:  (1) batch1 has a coefficient of 1.72.  This does NOT mean batch1 increases yield by 1.72%, relative to batch10-the reference group,  because yield is  between 0 and 1. Since the default betareg uses the logit link it appears the coefficient 1.72 is the log odds ratio and exp(1.72)= 5.58 is the odds ratio AND the interpretation is (using the odds ratio) that the batch 1 odds of "....." is 5.58 times higher than batch 10 the reference group.  I left "....." blank because if this was a typical logistic regression with 2 outcome categories (high yield and low yield) I would say the odds of batch 1 being in the high yield outcome category is 5.58 times higher than the odds of batch 10 the reference group. BUT with a beta regression the outcome is continuous so I cannot say "odds of batch 1 being in the high yield outcome category" because in a beta regression there is no category. SO what do you say:  the batch 1 odds OF WHAT? is 5.58 times higher than the referecce group batch10.    (2) SImilarly for temp.,  increasing temp by 1 degree increases the odds OF WHAT? by  1.01 [exp(.01)] times?  (3) Apart from the vignette link above. Can you provide any references for intuitive explanations of the beta regression model?  Can you the beta regression model have an identity link vs. logit? Intuitively what is the motivation for the logit link in the beta regression model?  Thank you.   > library(betareg) > data("GasolineYield", package = "betareg") > gy_logit <- betareg(yield ~ batch + temp, data = GasolineYield) > summary(gy_logit)  Call: betareg(formula = yield ~ batch + temp, data = GasolineYield)  Standardized weighted residuals 2:     Min      1Q  Median      3Q     Max  -2.8750 -0.8149  0.1601  0.8384  2.0483   Coefficients (mean model with logit link):               Estimate Std. Error z value Pr(>|z|)     (Intercept) -6.1595710  0.1823247 -33.784  < 2e-16 *** batch1       1.7277289  0.1012294  17.067  < 2e-16 *** batch2       1.3225969  0.1179020  11.218  < 2e-16 *** batch3       1.5723099  0.1161045  13.542  < 2e-16 *** batch4       1.0597141  0.1023598  10.353  < 2e-16 *** batch5       1.1337518  0.1035232  10.952  < 2e-16 *** batch6       1.0401618  0.1060365   9.809  < 2e-16 *** batch7       0.5436922  0.1091275   4.982 6.29e-07 *** batch8       0.4959007  0.1089257   4.553 5.30e-06 *** batch9       0.3857930  0.1185933   3.253  0.00114 **  temp         0.0109669  0.0004126  26.577  < 2e-16 ***  Phi coefficients (precision model with identity link):       Estimate Std. Error z value Pr(>|z|)     (phi)    440.3      110.0   4.002 6.29e-05 *** --- Signif. codes:  0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1   Type of estimator: ML (maximum likelihood) Log-likelihood:  84.8 on 12 Df Pseudo R-squared: 0.9617 Number of iterations: 51 (BFGS) + 3 (Fisher scoring)


What happens with the force of gravity when the distance between two objects is 0?

so I had my first approximation to the gravity equation  \begin{equation} F=GmM/r^2 \end{equation} and some questions arose that my teacher couldnt respond: if r approximates to 0 with mM being constant, then the force should tend to infinity, right? so that being true, then if we would travel to the center of the earth, we would be crushed by gravity? if so, how can there be anything right in the center of the earth? wouldnt anything there be compressed and destroyed by the infinite force?  having that in mind, my next question is as gravity force is measured from the center of an object, any part of the same object which is not at the center would be affected by the same object's gravity? if so, how can we differentiate between two objects that are not in a vacuum? my question originated thinking in us standing on the earth, in contact with it, are we, in a gravitational sense, one object? this lead to the last question, if gravity is a property of matter, then how applying the same logic as before, how does it work between two neutrons?(chose neutrons because i assumed it would be more difficult obtaining gravitational force if there was electrostatic forces from charges inbetween) do two newtrons in contact count as 1 gravitational object? and how thats its own gravity affect the newtron from center and out?


I have a ubuntu 16.04 server install that was initially installed with root user only so root users home directory is /root. If I add another user such as bob bobs home directory is created in /home/ as expected. If I want add a public key for bob to ssh in with, I add /home/bob/.ssh/authorized_keys and put bobs public key in the authorized key file. Is this the correct way so far? Problem is when I try   ssh bob@server.com    I get  Permission denied (publickey)   The .ssh directory permissions are set to 700 and the authorized_key file is set to 600. In my sshd_config the path to the key file is the default   #AuthorizedKeysFile     %h/.ssh/authorized_keys   I set ssh logging to verbose but it only shows   Failed publickey for....   What could I be doing wrong? Is it only looking in /root/.ssh for the key file?


Route all traffic from specific source to take WIFI

Sorry for the lack of informations:   So, first of all, it's for my working place. I have a laptop wich is connected by a wire. This connection goes throught the network of where I work and then goes into internet. On this wired connection, Spotify is blocked (for reasons). So I thought I could use my smarphone as router (because I have unlimited data and the traffic throug my phone won't be blocked) but just for Spotify so I can work "normally".   The question is:  Is there a way to make all the traffic from Spotify to go to my smartphone, and for the rest of the traffic, use the normal (wired) connection. Hope this is more clear now.  Ps: I precise that this is allowed to listen music to my workplace ;)   PPs:I use windows


If the universe is expanding, what is it expanding into? When the big bang happened where did it occur?  When the big bang happened how did it occur?  Where did the energy come from? Energy can not be created or destroyed does that mean, energy has existed before the universe was here?


I accidentally created a tag. How do I delete it?

I attempted to ask a question regarding "object-role-modeling" (it's a design methodology that doesn't get nearly as much attention as it should).  Unfortunately, when I wrote the question, I made a spelling error and assigned it to a non-existent tag "object-role-modelling". I realised my mistake, and changed the tag on my question. But the mis-spelt tag .  I do not want this tag to be in stackoverflow. I really want there to be more object-role-modeling questions on the site, and having two near-identical tags is just going to add confusion.  So, here we have the situation where:   There isn't a single question against this tag The person who added the tag wants to remove it   Is there some way I can do this? If not, should there be?


How can you find all matrices A such that, for all matrices B, AB = BA?

Written in a more formal way, how can you find all matrices $A\in M_{n\times n}(\mathbb{C})$ such that $\forall B\in M_{n\times n}(\mathbb{C})$ they verify $AB=BA$.


Someone stated that my uncle died in Canada and there is money for me

Someone contacted me and said that someone with a similar last name died and left me a large amount of money.  He gave me information and forms from a bank, and other pertinent information.   I then got a message that there is fee and that I need to send it before any money could be released to me. I checked and his office really exists but I think he just trying to pull a fast one.  What should I do?


Solve the limit: $ \lim\limits_{n\to\infty}\prod\limits_{1\leq k\leq n}\left( 1+\frac{k}{n} \right)^{\frac{1}{k}} .$

Solve the following limit:   $$ \lim\limits_{n\to\infty}\prod\limits_{1\leq k\leq n}\left( 1+\frac{k}{n} \right)^{\frac{1}{k}} .$$   Here is what I do:  Take the logarithm: \begin{align} \lim\limits_{n\to\infty}\log \prod\limits_{1\leq k\leq n}\left( 1+\frac{k}{n} \right)^{\frac{1}{k}}&=\lim\limits_{n\to\infty}\sum_{k=1}^{n}\frac{\log (1+\frac{k}{n})}{\frac{k}{n}}\frac{1}{n}\\ &=\int_{0}^{1}\frac{\log (1+x)}{x}dx \end{align}  Then I am stuck. How to integrate $ \int_{0}^{1}\frac{\log (1+x)}{x}dx $?  The question is from: (8) of   Edit: Different approaches are very welcome! The hint says 'estimate from above and below'. Maybe someone can provide a solution without integration?


I installed Lubuntu 14.04 LTS from a disc. How do I get 14.10? Will installing updates effectively provide this?


I was wondering if there is some general method to find the Galois group of $p(x)=x^n-a$ over $\mathbb{Q}$. I know that the splitting field of $x^n-1$ over $\mathbb{Q}$ is $\mathbb{Q} (\zeta)$ with Galois group $\mathbb{Z}_n^{\times}$ where $\zeta$ are the primitive roots of unity, but what about $p(x)=x^n-a$ generally? Can I use this knowledge to find the Galois group of $p(x)=x^n-a$? I know that the solutions of $p(x)=x^n-a$ are of the form $a^{1/n} \zeta^i$ for $i=0,1,...n-1$. I am mostly interested in the case where $a^{1/n}$ is irrational.


I have a situation like this  +---------+-----------+------------+ | FieldNo | FieldName | Substring  | +---------+-----------+------------+ |       1 | A         | 8          | |       1 | A         | A          | |       1 | A         | DC         | |       2 | B         | 7          | |       3 | C         | 22         | |       3 | C         | 37         | +---------+-----------+------------+   Need output like this:  +----+------+------+ | A  |  B   |  C   | +----+------+------+ | 8  | 7    | 22   | | A  | Null | 37   | | DC | Null | Null | +----+------+------+   Any suggestions how I can do this in SQL Server?  DECLARE @cols AS NVARCHAR(MAX),     @query  AS NVARCHAR(MAX)  select @cols = STUFF((SELECT ',' + QUOTENAME(Field_name)                      from bear_crossjoin                     group by FIELD_NAME, FIELDNUMBER                     order by FIELDNUMBER             FOR XML PATH(''), TYPE             ).value('.', 'NVARCHAR(MAX)')          ,1,1,'')  set @query = N'SELECT ' + @cols + N' from               (                 select substring, Field_name                 from bear_crossjoin             ) x             pivot              (                 max(substring)                 for field_name in (' + @cols + N')             ) p '  exec sp_executesql @query


How to correctly install Minecraft, including setting any needed packages or apps to install it and to troubleshoot the most common problems that Ubuntu users face when trying to use Minecraft.  I am trying to install and run Minecraft without first having to install the Oracle version of Java. I want to use the OpenJDK version that comes with Ubuntu and as a last resort, use the Oracle one.  I also want to know a list of problems related to Minecraft in Ubuntu and the possible solutions to them.  A step by step guide on how to install Minecraft would also help.


How do we normalize a Dirac delta function position space wave function?

I have a position space wavefunction $$\psi(x) = \delta(x-a) + \delta(x+a).$$ Now the question states to compute the following:    The Fourier transform of $\psi(x)$. (Which invariably is the momentum space wave function $\phi(p)$) Compute $\Delta p \Delta x$   Now to compute $\phi(p)$ one first need to normalize $\psi(x)$, but while doing so, one need to compute, $$|N|^2\int\limits_{-\infty}^{+\infty}  (\delta(x-a) + \delta(x+a))^2 dx =1,$$ $N$ being the normalization constant. But my question is how to go about computing this integral?  The normalization integral is now done, any help, in solving $\Delta x$, or $\Delta p$? I can't see through this problem?


How to configure vsftpd to work with passive mode

Whenever I install vsftpd on centos, I only setup the jail environment for the users and rest is default configuration of vsftpd. I create user and try to connect with filezila ftp client, but I could not connect with passive mode. I always change the transfer settings to active mode to successfully connect to the ftp server otherwise I get        Error: Failed to retrieve directory listing   So is there a way to change any directive in vsftp.conf file and we can connect with passive mode to the server?


I fear this may be your typical "Yahoo Answers" type of question, and thus may not belong on any stack exchange site. I am prepared to accept that as the ultimate answer.  I have a question regarding the "Where did you grow up?" type of questions on surveys and the like, mainly within the context of my own personal childhood that makes the question less intuitive.  Where (if any) is the best stack exchange site for such a question?


Many sources define vectors to be geometric objects that have length and direction. I don't think this is rigorous enough a definition because I have learnt from other sources that there are other things besides vectors which have direction and magnitude. Also, a physics book that I use says that having length and direction is a necessary condition but not sufficient as vectors also need to satisfy the laws of vector addition.   Is a vector simply an arrow in space? Is there a reason as to why so many physical quantities are vectors?   These are some questions I hope to be able to answer once I know what a vector actually is. So it would be great if you could shed some light on these questions too.


How can I add a new user as sudoer using the command line?

After I add a user using adduser, I can't see it via System > Administration > Users and Groups unless I log out and then log in again. Is that normal?  Also, can I set a newly added user as a sudoer or do I have to change that only after adding it? How can I do that via the shell?  Finally, can I delete the original user that was created upon initial installation of Ubuntu, or is this user somehow 'special'?


How to differentiate 2nd order Taylor expansion of scalar field?

I'm wondering how I can minimize this function with respect to $x$ (not $x_0$). This isn't for homework - I saw them give the answer in the book but they didn't explain how they did it and I'm wondering how. $$ f(x_0 ) + (x - x_0 )^T \nabla f(x_0 ) + \frac{1}{2}(x - x_0 )^T H(x - x_0 ) $$ Here's the answer in the book. $$ x^ *   = x_0  - \nabla f(x_0 )H^{ - 1}  $$ I was able to get to the same answer but I'm pretty sure I didn't do it using the right rules, so if someone could explain how to derive the formula, especially the tricky last term, would be greatly appreciated. My main question surrounds the fact that there is a smaller function $x - x_0$ inside the quadratic term at the end. I know how to derive this if $x- x_0$ was just a vector, where the derivative w.r.t that vector would be ($H + H^T$) $\cdot$ vector. I got this from  as well as figuring it out myself. Thanks!


Where do we report sites copying SE content?

In a Google search today, I came across a site completely ripping off the SharePoint SE  http://www.techques.com/question/19-23308/Creating-a-Site-collection-programmatically-throws-exception--nativehr-0x80070005--nativehr   It's a direct rip off of this question:    I filed a Google Spam report, and blocked their domain in my browser using the "Personal Blocklist (by Google)" Chrome extension  Is there somewhere I can report this to SE? Maybe their API key can be pulled?


Showing that $(S,d)$ is a metric space for $S = (0,1]$ and $d(x,y) = |1/x - 1/y|$

Let $S$ be a half-open interval $(0,1]$. If we define $d$ on $S$ by  $$d(x,y) := \left|{1\over x} - {1\over y}\right|\;,$$  then show that $d$ is a metric on $S$. Also, prove that $(S,d)$ is a complete metric space.  I think that this problem would begin by showing the $3$ properties of a metric space. And then show that it is Cauchy?


How to understand whether potential energy increases or decreases?

I am confused by how to deal with the negative sign in the equation $U=-GMm/r^2$ in the following problem:  If the distance between two masses is tripled, then the magnitude of the gravitational potential energy is: A) Increased by a factor of 3 D) Decreased by a factor of 3 -- correct answer  The cause of my confusion is that if r = 1 and you assume U = -1, then when r = 3, U = -1/3. I am thrown off by the negative sign. Isn't -1/3 actually a larger value than -1? So why is this considered a decrease? Is it because they specify factor of 3, and an increase by factor of 3 would actually be -1*3 = -3? Furthermore, if potential energy decreases as r gets larger, then why does a pen gain potential energy as you lift it further away from a table and why does the potential energy decrease/convert to kinetic energy when you drop the pen? I have only taken intro physics, so some of the other potential energy sign convention questions went over my head.


Does EPR permit information to travel faster than light?

This question always throws me:      Discuss if the EPR paradox violates special relativity?   The information of the state of one particle is instantaneously transmitted to the other particle, but does this count? Since this information is not usable and does not allow you to transmit a message - it is equivalent to just getting a random set of characters.  Edit  The answers to the  states that basically what I have stated in my question. I am, however, more concerned whether it is counted as a violation of special relativity, I am aware that instantaneous communication does occur.


I am currently trying to automate some identification process of characteristic noise sounds. For acoustic feature, I calculate MFCC. I have downloaded a free MATLAB toolbox from  website. As a classifier, I am trying Neural Network patternnet with Softmax transfer function from Neural Network Toolbox in MATLAB. I have built a training file which consists of ~ 200 sounds samples and ~ 200 additional sounds of "anything else" to give NN a sort of counter balance. I extract 13 MFCC coefficients, 13 delta coefficients calculated from MFCC, and 13 delta2 coefficients calculated from delta1. Also, I feed 5 consecutive frames in sequence at once to NN. So all together, I have like 13*3*5 = 195 inputs. I have also 10 outputs, 5 per frame, and 2 per each class.  When I analyse NN's performance and its gradient progress, I am not quite sure if NN is trained correctly. It looks OK at first as the gradient gets low but it doesn't reach its threshold $10^{-6}$. NN simply stops due to validation. When I test the model on another test file, NN seems to pick also other sounds. It's like its training is not done correctly. I did try different configurations such as 195, 390, 780 neurons in one, two, and three layer but it doesn't seem improve the performance.  Perhaps someone could give an advice on how to improve the classification.  Thanks    Below I have provided some screenshots from NN performances.  NN Gradient. 195 inputs, 195 neurons in a hidden layer, 10 outputs    NN Performance. 195 inputs, 195 neurons in a hidden layer, 10 outputs    NN Gradient. 195 inputs, 3 hidden layers, 780 neurons in each hidden layer, 10 outputs    NN Performance. 195 inputs, 3 hidden layers, 780 neurons in each hidden layer, 10 outputs


How can I make a psf font for the console from a otf one?

I want to use the  in the tty console, but I need to generate a psf font for that.  I found that there are two tools that should work, otf2bdf and bdf2psf, but every time I try to use the second one I get:  /usr/bin/bdf2psf: Inconsolata12.bdf: the width is not integer number.


I was following a tutorial for datamining from .  I noticed that the variable $ was declared. What was the reason for a variable name like this?  var request = require("request"),     cheerio = require("cheerio"),     url = "http://www.wunderground.com/cgi-bin/findweather/getForecast?&query=" + 02888;  request(url, function (error, response, body) {     if (!error) {         var $ = cheerio.load(body),             temperature = $("[data-variable='temperature'] .wx-value").html();          console.log("It’s " + temperature + " degrees Fahrenheit.");     } else {         console.log("We’ve encountered an error: " + error);     } });


How can I migrate a Windows 10 from BIOS/MBR boot to UEFI/GPT without reinstalling?

I've installed Windows 10 in BIOS mode and use MBR. How can I convert it to use UEFI and GPT without reinstalling Windows 10? Is this possible?


Spoiler markdown is annoying, and will only be here for a week. Don't read further if you're not up to date with Westworld.  It has been revealed in episode 9 of Westworld that;      ...Bernard is actually a host 'resurrection' of Arnold, made in his likeness.   This is confirmed through the photograph and flashbacks of Dolores talking to him in the secret basement of the hidden home.  But, given the fact that all the employees speak of and semi-mythologise Arnold, why is it that      No one seems to have noticed that Bernard looks exactly like him? We know there is documentation and photos of Arnold (Ford has one), so given that Bernard is seemingly free to come and go as he pleases why would no one from the 'real world' recognise him as Arnold's Doppelganger? If Bernard never rotates out of the facility, why has no-one noticed he doesn't ever leave? the picture of Ford, his father and Bernard would indicate that the Bernard/Arnold host has been knocking around the facility for a long time (The flashback of Ford activating the machine looks like a much younger Ford, I'd speculate 20 years younger minimum). Are we really to believe that Charlotte Hale, a board member, has no idea what Arnold looks like?   Has the show addressed this glaring plot hole at any previous point?    Given the events of S02E02, I'm opening this one straight back up wth a bounty attached. Arnold was clearly not a reclusive, he should be recognisable to outside interests: and yet still is only known as 'Bernard' by external forces in Season 2. Are there any interesting theories why?


Prove that one diagonal of a quadrilateral bisects the other

I tutor GCSE maths and I am stumped by this question:   Let XBYA be a quadrilateral The diagonals AB and XY intersect at point M  Given that the area of triangle AXB = the area of triangle AYB   Prove that XY is bisected by AB.  (I am guessing that students are expected to use the area of a triangle = 1/2 ab sin(C) but I cannot show XM=MY? )


What are the names of power supply connectors in this picture?


Securely automount encrypted drive at user login

An encrypted /home directory gets mounted automatically for me when I log in. I have a second internal hard drive that I've formatted and encrypted with Disk Utility. I want it to be automatically mounted when I login, just like my encrypted /home directory is. How do I do this?  There are several very similar questions here, but the answers don't apply to my situation. It might be best to close/merge my question here and edit the second one below, but I think it may have been abandoned (and therefore never to be marked as accepted).   isn't a secure method, it circumvents the encryption.  requires editing fstab, which necessitates entering an additional password at boot. It's not automatic like mounting /home.  is very similar, but does not apply to an encrypted drive. The solution won't work for my needs.  but it's for NTFS drives, mine is ext4.    I can re-format and re-encrypt the second drive if a solution requires this. I've got all the data backed up elsewhere.


Showing the Equivalence Between the $ {L}_{2} $ Norm Regularized Regression and $ {L}_{2} $ Norm Constrained Regression Using KKT

According to the references ,  and .  It has been mentioned that there is an equivalence between the regularized regression (Ridge, LASSO and Elastic Net) and their constraint formulas.  I have also looked at , and , but I can not see a clear answer show that equivalence or logic.  My question is   How to show that equivalence using Karush–Kuhn–Tucker (KKT)?  The following formulas are for Ridge regression.    NOTE  This question is not homework. It is only to increase my comprehension of this topic.   UPDATE  I haven't got the idea yet.


Why would I ever use my oven's 'bake' setting when it also has a 'convection bake'?

Whenever I bake something I use the convection bake setting of my GE range because the fan is supposed to make for more even baking. The range also has a 'bake' setting. I'm just wondering why would I ever want to use 'bake', the setting without the fan and supposedly uneven heat? Interestingly, there is a 'convection roast' setting but no corresponding 'roast' setting!


How do I page results in SQL Server 2005?  I tried it in SQL Server 2000, but there was no reliable way to do this. I'm now wondering if SQL Server 2005 has any built in method?  What I mean by paging is, for example, if I list users by their username, I want to be able to only return the first 10 records, then the next 10 records and so on.  Any help would be much appreciated.


I've been running OS X 10.11 without issues since it was released — until today, when suggestd began repeatedly crashing (from every few minutes, up to every 30 seconds).  What is suggestd and how do I disable it (since it's only function appears to be to crash)?    Process:               suggestd [23293] Path:                  /System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/CoreSuggestions.framework/Versions/A/Support/suggestd Identifier:            suggestd Version:               1.0 (354.10) Code Type:             X86-64 (Native) Parent Process:        ??? [1] Responsible:           suggestd [23293] User ID:               501  OS Version:            Mac OS X 10.11 (15A284) Report Version:        11  System Integrity Protection: enabled  Crashed Thread:        3  Dispatch queue: com.apple.NSXPCConnection.m-user.com.apple.rtcreportingd  Exception Type:        EXC_CRASH (SIGABRT) Exception Codes:       0x0000000000000000, 0x0000000000000000 Exception Note:        EXC_CORPSE_NOTIFY  Application Specific Information: *** Terminating app due to uncaught exception 'NSInternalInconsistencyException', reason: 'RTC config incorrect - no backends found;' abort() called terminating with uncaught exception of type NSException


What is the origin of a phylactery as a soul jar?

The original use of  is from      Ancient Greek φυλακτήριον phylacterion, form of phylássein, φυλάσσειν meaning “to guard, protect”   —    and was originally meant to refer to ‘Tefillin’, boxes that contain script from the Torah.   The first time I heard of it, though, it was as the ‘soul jar’ of a . I can’t find a reference for this being the first time it was used to mean ‘Soul Jar’. None of the examples of  on Wikipedia reference a phylactery at all.  Box of Scripture to Soul Jar seems like a bit of a leap, though not an unimaginable one.  Were there any intervening steps? If not, can it be pinned down to a design choice of a D&D rules writer?  What is its first use in fiction?


I want to remove the News app from my computer. I tried to remove it myself:  dsenableroot su - root sudo rm -rf /Applications/News.app   "Operation not permitted"  It appears I no longer in control of my computer.  Can somebody help me pull this app out of my machine?


Although the two characters are the same, the condition behaves as if they are not the same in java

I am trying to count each character in strings. My function getting two strings. when I debugging my code I saw a very strange thing for me. Although the two characters are the same, the condition behaves as if they are not the same. my expectation is when they are the same to increase the value of lcounbir.You can see the below public class ContainStr {     public static void main(String[] args){         System.out.println(containString("hostr1ell","ehllo"));        }      public  static boolean containString(String str1,String str2){          int str2lenght=str2.length();         int str1lenght=str1.length();          int[] str1ar=new int[str2lenght];         String [] strbirar=new String[str1lenght];         String [] strikiar=new String[str2lenght]; //        int vl=1; //        int zerocounter=0;           for(int i=0 ;i<str1lenght;i++){              strbirar[i]=String.valueOf(str1.charAt(i));           }         for(int i=0 ;i<str2lenght;i++){              strikiar[i]=String.valueOf(str2.charAt(i));           }         int lcounbir=0;         int lcouniki=0;         int contson=1;          for (String letter:strikiar              ) {             for(int i=0;i<str2lenght;i++){                  if(letter==strikiar[i]){                     lcouniki+=1;                 }             }             for(int i=0;i<str1lenght;i++){                 if(letter==strbirar[i]){                     lcounbir+=1;                 }             }             if(lcounbir!=lcouniki){                 contson=0;                 break;              }         }         if (contson==0){             return false;         }         return true;      } }


Find the limit of $ n\int_{-1}^0 (x + e^x) ^ n dx$

I have the following limit to find:  $$\lim_{n \to \infty} n \int_{-1} ^ 0 (x + e^x)^n dx$$  Usually, when I have had to find the limit of an integral, I tried finding two boundaries for the expression inside the limit, in such a way that I could use the Squeeze Theorem, but I don't see any obvious boundaries here. Should this exercise be solved using another technique or are there boundaries which could help me?


Space ship manned by only AI returns home to a different earth, back in time

I read this short story 30 years or more ago.  A space ship is returning home to Earth from a battle. There are no people on board this ship, only an AI and the ship's computer. When the ship tries to contact Earth it gets no immediate response. The ship attempts to make contact for some time and then is successful with Houston Control (I think).  The AI discovers that it is on a different Earth from the one it is from and that it has also traveled back in time. (The enemy the fleet that it fought still exists).  The space ship comes from an Earth were the Greek empire did not get destroyed.  In the end the AI crashes the ship on the Capitol and gets destroyed, but the computer survives so that the human race has the knowledge of how to build ships and defend against the enemy.  Does anyone know the name of this story?


Is there a Ubuntu 10.04-compatible version of Shockwave Player to run on the Chromium browser?


Why the free electrons in space can not be excited by photons?

Any electron (in the shell) at any orbit of around of an atom can be stimulated by photon (of course as depending on the energy level of photon). So that, it can change its orbit and come back previous by emitting photon.  But in the Space, although there is lots of different photons in cosmic waves with all different energy levels and frequencies, the free electrons can not be excited by these photons.  Why? And what is the difference for this free electron and the electron of an atom (which may be interacting with a photon)?  I asked this question, because of photoelectric effect. I try to understand, the situation of an electron after it is separated from atom by a (hitting) photon and this electron can carry energy which we define it as electricity.


Doubt in raising a power to a complex number

What's the value of $$i^{i^{i^{...}}}$$?  I tried to take log on both sides.    $x=i^x$  $\implies \log x=x \log i$  After this how can I solve this... I am sorry, that I don't know the methods you are explaining... And more over that the question is in school level only..


As far as I understand, un*x load by definition is an integral measure, averaged over a predefined and quite long time periods. On the other hand, CPU utilisation can be considered a temporary measure: although technically speaking it's still measured and averaged over a time period, this time period is actually very short. The end result is that when a cpu-intensive process terminates, the CPU utilisation drops immediately, while the load value decreases gradually over time. So you may have a computer doing actually nothing at the moment, while the load is still high, only because it did not have enough time yet to decrease. As such, the measure is not quite suitable for situations where the actual cpu load drammatically changes.    Now: is it possible to measure a 'load'-like value over a fraction of a second time periods? I do not mean printing it ten times a second, because it's trivial. I mean averaging the number of run-queued processes over 1 ms or 100ms periods rather than over 15 minutes.


Will lenses from a Rebel work on higher-model Canon cameras?

I am thinking about purchasing a Canon 60D and selling my Rebel XT and wondered if I would need to purchase new lenses? I only have two but as you all know, once you invest it is hard to not take those into consideration when purchasing a new camera.


Filtered Review Queue doesn't show any audits

In the last 3 days I have only been reviewing a filtered review queue. That's 120 reviews without a single audit.


How to find the sum of Beatty sequence of floor(e)+floor(2*e)+floor(3*e)......

How to find the sum of Beatty sequence of $\lfloor e \rfloor+\lfloor 2e\rfloor+\lfloor 3e \rfloor\dots$ and so on?  Can it be reduced to recursion?


Understanding shape and calculation of confidence bands in linear regression

I am trying to understand the origin of the curved shaped of confidence bands associated with an OLS linear regression and how it relates to the confidence intervals of the regression parameters (slope and intercept), for example (using R):  require(visreg) fit <- lm(Ozone ~ Solar.R,data=airquality) visreg(fit)     It appears that the band is related to the limits of the lines calculated with the 2.5% intercept, and the 97.5% slope, as well as with the 97.5% intercept, and the 2.5% slope (although not quite):  xnew <- seq(0,400) int <- confint(fit) lines(xnew, (int[1,2]+int[2,1]*xnew)) lines(xnew, (int[1,1]+int[2,2]*xnew))     What I don't understand are two things:   What about the combination of 2.5% slope & 2.5% intercept as well as 97.5% slope and 97.5% intercept? These give lines that are clearly outside the band plotted above. Maybe I don't understand the meaning of a confidence interval, but if in 95%  of the cases my estimates are within the confidence interval, these seem like a possible outcome? What determines the minimum distance between the upper and lower limit (i.e. close to the point where the two lines added above intercept)?    I guess both questions arise because I don't know/understand how these bands are actually calculated.   How can I calculate the upper and lower limits using the confidence intervals of the regression parameters (without relying on predict() or a similar function, i.e. by hand)? I tried to decipher the predict.lm function in R, but the coding is beyond me. I'd appreciate any pointers towards relevant literature or explanations suitable for stats beginners.  Thanks.


I accidentally set the scaling settings at 4, and couldn't reset them. Is there any way to reset these settings back to default? I'm running a Microsoft Surface Pro (10.6", 1920x1080), and I cannot see the slider. I have tried all the ways people posted and this hasn't worked. Using Pre-Ubuntu 14.04 Final Beta (Beta 1). So i am editing this post and hopes a moderator will unlock it because none of the answers work for me.


Changed /Users folder permission at boot time

Some application (or script) changes the permission of my /Users folder from 755 to 777 at every boot. So, when I change it back to 755 (or repair perm with DiskUtility) it is good until the next reboot.  Is any way run strace or something like at boot time to trace down who changes the permission?


During our ongoing research, we need to prove that $\pi e<\lceil \pi e\rceil$. Is $\pi e$ irrational?  How to prove it?  Thanks- mike


How to implement Unit Test at Unity3D.   I wonder if it would be possible to extend the Unity editor to have some sort of testing framework in it.    Is there any guideline to implement it? Any reference like book, blog? Any working example or project?


How would I parametrise a straight line?

If I want to parameterise a straight line and I have the equation, eg $y=2x+1$ and I also have two co-ordinates it passes through, would it ok to use the co-ordinates to parameterise in terms of $t$?


I am novice in Visualforce . I am learning few tags . I have used following code to display a list of Accounts in a tabular format in VF page. My expectations was all i get is list of atleast 20 records or all Accounts. But i am getting only 2 records which are just newly created by while learning VF. Please help me .Following is code  <apex:page standardController="Account" recordSetVar="accounts" > <apex:form>     <apex:pageBlock title="All Accounts across Org">         <apex:pageBlockTable  value="{!accounts}" var="a">             <apex:column value="{!a.Name}"/>             <apex:column value="{!a.AccountNumber}"/>             <apex:column value="{!a.Website}"/>             <apex:column value="{!a.Type}"/>         </apex:pageBlockTable>     </apex:pageBlock>  </apex:form>


Unable to install NVIDIA driver on laptop Lenovo Legion Y530 with a GTX 1060 6GB

I tried to install NVIDIA driver with software and update application, adding a PPA and install the package nvidia-driver-xxx , using the installer from NVIDIA, but all of these solutions don't work. I tried 390, 435 and 450 versions and I have the same problem. When I use the software and update application, it give me this error:  When I try to use sudo apt install nvidia-driver-xxx (I tried with every version the command ubuntu-drivers devices gave me,) it says this :  When I try the nvidia installer (when I run it in console mode), it says: Unable to load the 'nvidia-drm' kernel module  I try to install a prior version of the nvidia driver 440 because I used a laptop and since driver 440, my second screen is not detected. I have a Lenovo Legion Y530 with a GTX 1060 6GB using Ubuntu 20.04 with Windows in dual boot. When i try sudo ubuntu-drivers autoinstall, it gave me the same error as the second screenshot.


Wondering what the expression " I am about to"

Many times I have heard it while natives are speaking, specially Americans. I can not recall the contexts, perhaps they are very fast speaking. I wonder if any body here could give some hints in some contexts and provide some authentic examples they use in their speech evey day.  Many thanks in advance.


Two cowboys A and B decide to solve a dispute with a duel.

Two cowboys $A$ and $B$ decide to solve a dispute with a duel. Cowboy $A$ hits his target $\frac13$ of the time. Cowboy $B$ hits the target $\frac23$ of the time.  It is decided that $A$ will take the first shot, cowboy $B$ will take the second shot (if still alive). This will continue until there is only one left alive. Also, a cowboy can not shoot two times in a row. What are cowboy $A$ chances of winning the duel? My logic is to simulate the cases where $A$ wins: I Case:  $A$ wins: $\frac13$ II Case: $A$ loses, $B$ loses, $A$ wins: $\frac23\cdot\frac13\cdot\frac13$ ... But I don't know what to do from here. Any help?


Is $1+2+3+4+\cdots=-\frac{1}{12}$ the unique ''value'' of this series?

I'm reading about zeta-function regularization in physics and I have some mathematical doubt.  I understand  that, since a sum of infinite terms is not well defined in a field, a series that is considered divergent in the  usual meaning  can have a ''value'', defined in some less conventional way.   The  is one of such ways that, as an example, assign the value $-\frac{1}{12}$ to the infinite series  using the fact that the zeta-function $\zeta(s)$ is the analytic continuation of the series $\sum_{n=1}^\infty n^{-s}$, and $\zeta(-1)=-\frac{1}{12}$.  But how we can be sure that there does not exists other possible ''regularizations'' that gives different values to the same series?   And, if more than one value does exist, there is some  criterion to select between them?  Or the zeta-function regularization is preferred only for physical motivations (because the experiments confirm its values)?  On the web I've found a lot of posts less or more reliable about this topic, someone knows a reference to a well defined axiomatic approach to the problem of the value of divergent series?