The definition of independence is not intuitive

In the book "Introduction to Probability" by J. Charles M. Grinstead and Laurie Snell independent events are introduced in the following way: "It often happens that the knowledge that a certain event $E$ has occurred has no effect on the probability that some other event $F$ has occurred, that is, that $P (F |E) =P (F )$". This is then taken as the definition (notice that the setting in which this is done is that of discrete probabilities - if this makes any difference).   But I can't come to terms with this definition, because of the following two reasons:  a) If I have a die then the event of getting a face with one of the numbers $1,2$, if rolling once, seems intuitively to be independent of getting a face with one of the numbers $5,6$. But since these two events are disjoint, but neither is the empty space, by the above definition, they should be dependent, which seems very counter-intuitive.  b) If we chose to somehow "interpret visually" this definition, then that would mean that the sum of the probabilities of all elements in $F$ weighted with the weight $1$ is equal to the sum of all probabilities in $F\cap E$ weighted with $\frac{1}{P(E)}$, because $$\sum_{\omega\in F} \omega=P (F )=P (F |E) =\frac{P(F\cap E)}{P(E)}=\sum_{\omega\in F\cap E} \omega \cdot \frac{1}{P(E)}.$$  Or - if I use the equivalent definition of independence, $P(E\cap F)=P(E) P(F)$ - then the same interpretation of this definition would say that the sum of all elements in $F$ multiplied the sum of all elements in $E$, both  weighted with the weight $1$,   is again equal to the sum of all probabilities in $F\cap E$ weighted with $\frac{1}{P(E)}$.  But both these interpretations seem artificial - out of this I can't deduce, why this definition is calling $E,F$ "independent". Could you please solve this "paradox" for me ?  If I were to give a definition of independent events, I would say that $E,F$ are independent (which, for me, would mean "they don't have anything to do with each other"), if $E\cap F =\emptyset$. Why would this be a bad definition ?


I have a button to keep adding new rows. But its not adding. I want to add a new row in the end. I found the issue from class="portfolioimgdivnext" Please check the below code and help me to fix.  Demo     $('.addmore_img').click(function() {   $('.portfolioimgdivnext:last').after('

<input type="text" class="form-control" name="portfolioimgtitle[]" required maxlength="150" placeholder="Image Title" />This field is required.
<input class="fileUpload" accept="image/jpeg, image/jpg, image/png, image/gif" name="portfolioimg[]" type="file" value="Choose a file" data-msg-accept="Please upload only jpg, jpeg, png and gif file">
<input class="form-control" placeholder="Portfolio Image" readonly><button class="btn btn-fab btn-fab-mini" type="button">attach_file</button>
This field is required.

<button type="button" class="btn btn-warning btn-sm remove_field"></button>

'); });

     <input type="text" class="form-control" required name="portfolioimgtitle[]" maxlength="150" value="Title" placeholder="Image Title" />
       <input class="fileUpload" accept="image/jpeg, image/jpg, image/png, image/gif" required name="portfolioimg[]" type="file" data-msg-accept="Please upload only jpg, jpeg, png and gif file" value="Choose a file">
         <input class="form-control" id="uploadre" placeholder="Portfolio Image" readonly>         <button class="btn btn-fab btn-fab-mini" type="button">attach_file</button>
       This field is required.

     <button type="button" class="btn btn-default btn-sm bckbtn addmore_img">     </button>


I've drawn a table using the following:  \begin{table}[hbt] \begin{center} \begin{tabular}{| l | l | c | c |}     \cline{2-4}     \hhline{~---} & \multicolumn{3}{c|}{Examples}\\     \hhline{~---}     & description & $M$ & ${\bf{u}}$\\     \hline     translation & through vector $\left(\begin{smallmatrix} 6 \\ 7 \end{smallmatrix}\right)$ & $\begin{pmatrix} 1 & 0 \\ 0 & 1 \end{pmatrix}$ & $\begin{pmatrix} 6 \\ 7 \end{pmatrix}$ \\     \hline     reflection & in line $x = 2$ & $\begin{pmatrix} -1 & 0 \\ 0 & 1 \end{pmatrix}$ & $\begin{pmatrix} 4 \\ 0 \end{pmatrix}$ \\     \hline     rotation & about ${\bf{0}}$ through $\pi$ radians & $\begin{pmatrix} -1 & 0 \\ 0 & -1 \end{pmatrix}$ & $\begin{pmatrix} 0 \\ 0 \end{pmatrix}$ \\     \hline     glide reflection & in line $y = x$, then through $\left(\begin{smallmatrix} 1 \\ 1 \end{smallmatrix}\right)$ & $\begin{pmatrix} 0 & 1 \\ 1 & 0 \end{pmatrix}$ & $\begin{pmatrix} 1 \\ 1 \end{pmatrix}$ \\     \hline \end{tabular} \caption{Examples of Euclidean Transformations} \label{tab1} \end{center} \end{table}   How to I remove the top left vertical lines?


I'm really new to Blender and for my next project I need to create a cone with curved edges. I've searched online and messed around with Blender but I can't find a way. What could I try?  EDIT  Sorry I wasn't clear, what I mean is something like this :


I have version 2.74. Is there a way to put the colors in the UV/Image Editor I'm not using a texture?

Is there a way to make the colors into the UV/image editor I'm not using a texture But I want to be able to export the image with the colors because I can't change them where I'm exporting it.


Chrome blue border around images on ubuntu 18.04

I've strange blue borders around images on google chrome see for your self


How to get permissions to execute programs from NTFS hard drive?

I have this problem: I'm used to compile and run .c files with CodeBlocks. If I do that from my Desktop (ext4 partition) it works without problems, but doing this from my secondary hard drive (NTFS partition) makes CodeBlocks to say permission denied while running a .c file.  I have read it's because of the partition type is it correct? But I don't know how to solve it. I tried to edit fstab (sudo gedit /etc/fstab) adding this line:   /dev/sda /media/Dati ntfs user,exec 0 1   but after rebooting Ubuntu I had a warning on boot about a problem mounting a drive, that's because I set KDE to auto mount my Dati drive on boot.   So I should auto mount my NTFS drive with execute permission? How can I do that?


Hard Brexit and travel for UK citizens into Schengen countries in 2019

I am a British citizen and US permanent resident. I rarely need visas. However, I am considering a Mediterranean cruise in the spring or summer of 2019.  Unlike British politicians, I like to plan ahead and be prepared. If I am going to need a Schengen visa, I want to assemble the documentation early next year, so I can apply to the appropriate country as soon as I have an itinerary and it is at most 90 days before travel. Given how things are going, I am preparing for a hard, no-agreement, Brexit.  For trade, that would mean WTO rules. For personal travel, is there a similar fall-back that would allow me visa-free visits to the Schengen countries?


I've used the integration of  with QGIS, and found it a very uesful tool. Having taken a look at the R toolbox  and the  it appears they both offer only point clustering to demonstrate the proof of concept.   Can other analysis methods available in R be implemented in ArcGIS Desktop through a python script (for example, implementing specific parts of the  package)?


iPhone: Detecting user inactivity/idle time since last screen touch

Has anybody implemented a feature where if the user has not touched the screen for a certain time period, you take a certain action? I'm trying to figure out the best way to do that.  There's this somewhat-related method in UIApplication:  [UIApplication sharedApplication].idleTimerDisabled;   It'd be nice if you instead had something like this:  NSTimeInterval timeElapsed = [UIApplication sharedApplication].idleTimeElapsed;   Then I could set up a timer and periodically check this value, and take some action when it exceeds a threshold.  Hopefully that explains what I'm looking for. Has anyone tackled this issue already, or have any thoughts on how you would do it? Thanks.


Can two events be mutually exclusive but not independent?

So, two events are mutually exclusive if they have an empty set, and two events are independent if they do not affect each other.  However, is it possible for two events to be mutually exclusive but not independent?  For example, the p(A) = {card < 5 is drawn} and p(B) = {face card is drawn}.  p(A&B) = 0, p(A) = 12/52, p(B) = 12/52  Test for independence fails since p(A&B) does not equal p(A)*p(B). Therefore, this must mean that the events are not independent but are mutually exclusive.   Is this logically possible?


How long was the homing beacon aboard the Millennium Falcon?

In Star Wars - Episode 4: A New Hope, Darth Vader has a homing beacon hidden aboard the Millennium Falcon. It is thanks to this that the Imperials are able to locate the Rebel base on Yavin 4.     TARKIN      Are they away?      VADER      They have just made the jump into    hyperspace.      TARKIN      You're sure the homing beacon is    secure aboard their ship? I'm taking    an awful risk, Vader. This had better    work.   Is it ever explained what happened to this homing beacon?   How long was it aboard the Falcon and tracking Han and/or the Rebels?   No mention of  its discovery is made during the rest of the movie, nor is it referenced during The Empire Strikes Back. In fact, the Imperials seem to have few solid leads as to where the Rebels are hiding at the beginning of Empire.


From  article, I want to download new version of the Linux kernel so the first commands to execute is add-apt-repository ppa:kernel-ppa/ppa but when I use it says that it cannod add PPA and that the user named '~kernel-ppa' has no PPA named 'ubuntu/ppa'. Why is that? vm@vm:~$ sudo add-apt-repository ppa:kernel-ppa/ppa Cannot add PPA: 'ppa:~kernel-ppa/ubuntu/ppa'. The user named '~kernel-ppa' has no PPA named 'ubuntu/ppa' Please choose from the following available PPAs:


I would like to know: what are some of the best introductory books to Lagrangian Mechanics?


I am trying to understand the proof that uses a maximal-lexicographic ordering.  For an infinite ordinal $\kappa,$ the canonical well-ordering of $\kappa \times \kappa,$ denoted by $<_{cw}$ is defined as follows: $(\alpha_1, \beta_1)<_{cw} < (\alpha_2, \beta_2)$ iff either one of the following holds.  $(1): \max\{\alpha_1,\beta_1\} < \max\{\alpha_2,\beta_2\}$  $(2): \max\{\alpha_1,\beta_1\} =\max\{\alpha_2,\beta_2\}$ and $\alpha_1<\alpha_2$   $(3): \max\{\alpha_1,\beta_1\} =\max\{\alpha_2,\beta_2\}$ and $\alpha_1 = \alpha_2$ and $\beta_1 < \beta_2.$  How would I prove that this ordering is well ordered?  EDIT: I'm not looking for a proof of $\kappa\cdot\kappa= \kappa,$ for infinite cardinals, I'm looking for a proof that the ordering as it's defined is well ordered on $\kappa\times\kappa$.


Can a square number be split as the sum of two other squares in two different ways? The Pythagorean numbers help us to identify numbers which can be split as sum of two squares. Is this unique?


$f \in L^1 \implies \lim_{ |x| \to \infty } f(x) = 0$

Suppose $f\in L^{1}(\mathbb R) $  My Question is:      Can we show, $\lim_{ |x| \to \infty } f(x) = 0$?   Thanks,  (this question is obviously related to  a thing I've already proven.)


Batch File to Send Zip File to CD/DVD drive

I have written a batch file which creates a Zip from a set of files. This works fine.  I would now like to extend this batch file so the outputted zip file (from the above batch file) is written to a DVD/CD.  Is this possible?


The hydrostatic paradox, states that the      height of the water in any container is independent of the shape of   the container.     This does make sense since it is only the height of the fluid relative to ground which determines the pressure, and it is the pressure equilibrium that decides the shape of the fluid. But then consider the (B) container in the figure below.     The pressure at a particular depth say, $h$ is same as in the case of the cylindrical container. But in the cylindrical case (A), any element of fluid is in equilibrium because the difference in pressure of the fluid element above it and that below it exactly balances the weight of the element. Extending this argument to (B), for any element at the edge, the pressure of the fluid above is the same as in the case of the cylindrical container, but below it is the surface of the container. This container, is in equilibrium with the atmospheric pressure outside, and therefore, would be exerting pressure equal to the atmospheric pressure onto the fluid within, which would not be enough to maintain the equilibrium of the fluid element. How then can the equilibrium of the fluid element at the edge be explained?


Specific vocabulary request for a family of words

This is my first question on this website, so I hope I don't embarrass myself. While I was helping my friend study for the GRE exam, I noticed that a lot of the vocabulary lists contained two word expressions, which I had never seen before. They were used to describe such situations as confusion, a mixture and even certain adjectives. I remember only a few right now, these being:  helter-skelter hodge podge hoi polloi nitty-gritty pell-mell  The way these were used in sentences simply excited me, due to the sheer beauty and the lack of their usage in common written expositions, these seem like a mystery to me, as they have evolved from many, many languages, with some having ambiguous origins, the contexts they are used in seem clear, and they seem to work so remarkably well whenever employed, and they just seem to add beauty to an otherwise ordinary sentence. I was therefore wondering if someone here could please provide a reference for a list of these expressions and their meanings and context. Specifically, a list where the above mentioned expressions, with more of similar appearance abound. I am sorry I don't even know the name of this type of expression, but again I was mesmerized by their beauty, elegance and mysterious origins.


How to know if visitors are experiencing a good performance from the server?

Sometimes I visit my wordpress website on godaddy, and looks like the site is slow. But when I refresh it goes fast.  I wonder how often this occur to my visitors on the month. Is there a way to know?


Where can I get a Thunderbolt hub or splitter?

Apple has just announced the new MacBook Airs, Mac mini, and Thunderbolt display. One of the features of the Thunderbolt display that caught my eye was its ability to daisy-chain two displays together from one Thunderbolt port (on a MacBook Pro).  I already have two 24" monitors and I don't feel like paying for two £900 displays. I worked out that all I need is a Thunderbolt hub/splitter so that I can plug the two cables that emerge into mini DisplayPort-to-DVI adapters.  Does anyone know of any Thunderbolt hubs or splitters? Or does anyone know of an alternative method?


Is it possible to get blender 2.79 UI into blender 2.8? Im not used to the new ui and i prefer the old one, so is there a way i can get the ui to be like the old one?


Kind of Lost --> How Do I reference the XML in my Email Template when Triggering an Email via API?

I'm lost, and need some guidance.  I've built a Purchase Confirmation email and when testing I reference a Data Extension and everything works fine.  However, when I want to move the data reference to the information contained in the API post, I'm not sure how I reference that in the HTML.  I've created the Triggered Send Data Extension... but I'm stuck.  Please help!


In a finite field, is there ever a homomorphism from the additive group to the multiplicative group?

I know that in infinite fields, such as $\mathbb{C}$, the mapping $e^x$ is a homomorphism from the additive group to the multiplicative group, and I was just wondering if in any finite field, there exists a (non trivial) homomorphism between the two.


"do it themselves" or "do it by themselves"

‘Marvellous idea!’ Peter said. ‘They will do it themselves!’   Could I use "by themselves" here?      ‘Marvellous idea!’ Peter said. ‘They will do it by themselves!’


Which came first, muggles or magical beings, squibs or Muggle-borns. and why are there so few  magical beings? This is just a matter of curiosity.


How to daisy chain 2 Thunderbolt devices on 1 Thunderbolt port?

On an iMac with 1 Thunderbolt port, how to have an external monitor and an external HDD work?  I can't use the USB port because it's 2.0, it will be too slow (the external HDD is a SSD).  I understand the display needs to go last, because it's actually mini-displayport. But what about the HDD? I can't find a single external HDD that has 2 Thunderbolt ports (one IN, one OUT).  So how are you supposed to daisy chain things?


How does learning spells work when leveling a multiclass character?

I have a Bard 4/Sorcerer 1 that is going to continue levelling in the bard class. When he reaches Bard 5/Sorcerer 1 and he learns his first 3rd level spell, can he take from the sorcerer list or just the bard list?


Extending a Homotopy from $X \times [0,1]$ to $X \times \mathbb{R}$

In Jeffery M. Lee's Manifolds and Differential Geometry Exercise 1.77:    For smooth manifolds $X$ and $Y$, show that if $f_0: X \rightarrow Y$ and $f_1: X \rightarrow Y$ are $C^r$ homotopic then there is a $C^r$ map $H: X \times \mathbb{R} \rightarrow Y$ such that $H(x,s) = f_0(x)$ for $s \le 0$ and $H(x,s) = f_1(x)$ for $s \ge 1$    The definition of homotopy had been given only for $H: X\times [0,1] \rightarrow \mathbb{R}$.    But I came up with an example which explains the difficulty with this exercise. Let $X = \mathbb{R}$ and $Y = \mathbb{R}$, $f_0(x) = 0$, $f_1(x) = 1$. Both $f_0$ and $f_1$ are smooth maps, and homotopic via $H(x,s) = s$ where the domain of $H$ is $\mathbb{R} \times [0,1]$. I don't see how you could extend the domain of $H$ to be $\mathbb{R} \times \mathbb{R}$ as the exercise requires since the partial derivative in the $x$ direction would be zero for $s \notin [0,1]$ and suddenly nonzero for $s \in [0,1]$    Somehow I need a general way to make the partial derivatives in the $x$ direction zero at the boundaries.


Is Diffie-Hellman mathematically the same as RSA?

Is the Diffie-Hellman key exchange the same as RSA?  Diffie Hellman allows key exchange on a observed wire – but so can RSA.  Alice and Bob want to exchange a key – Big brother is watching everything.   Bob makes an fresh RSA key pair and sends his public key to Alice. Alice makes a random session key and sends it to Bob encrypted with Bob's public key. Bob decrypts the session key with his private key.   Alice and Bob have exchanged a key despite the fact that anybody can observe all the traffic. The maths of RSA and Hiffie Hellman are remarkably similar, both involving modular exponentiation.  They both work because $(A*B)^C \bmod N$ can be done in two steps, i.e. by calculating $X = A^C \bmod N$ on one side of the transaction, and $X^B \bmod N$ on the other – this trick is the basis of both Hiffie Hellman and RSA. Which make me wonder: Are they really the same thing?  Can we algebraically prove that the correctness of RSA implies the correctness of Diffie-Hellman?


An upgrade from 'artful' to 'zesty' is not supported. Trying to upgrade from 16.04 to 17.10

I upgraded from 16.04 to 17.04 with a slight problem. I was not able to do anything when I got to the login screen. All I saw was the login-screen, no cursor, and the text cursor blinked a few times and stopped. I read on a forum about someone who had a similar problem, and followed their advice to upgrade right away to 17.10 from 17.04 without trying to fix the login problem.  So I entered recovery mode and started upgrading to 17.10. This was not completely pain free either. I had to set up an ethernet interface, run dhcp and even change the dns-server manually. But after this it started downloading.  Halfway through it gets to around "setting up base files" and just sits there for an hour. I figured it froze and restarted.   Now when I enter recovery mode and run dpkg I get the message   An upgrade from 'artful' to 'zesty' is no not supported with this tool   but that's not what I'm trying to do. apt-get update only wants to remove some files and dpkg --configure -a and apt-get install -f both get stuck on setting up base files (9.6ubuntu102).  I don't remember exactly what I did but I was also able to see what files where not installed, and there were a lot of files from the unity package. Doesn't 17.10 use GNOME instead?


Finding the Probability that the Expected Outcome is the Actual Outcome

Suppose I have a fair coin that I will flip 100 times. Obviously the expected outcome is 50 heads and 50 tails.  This is what I want to know:  How can I find the probability of this expected outcome happening. In other words, what is the probability that, given 100 flips, my outcome will be EXACTLY 50 heads and 50 tails.


Ubuntu 20.04 keeps showing a power plug icon

Why does Ubuntu keep showing this icon?   Info:   Ubuntu 20.04 GNOME dash-to-panel used


I have few questions to the proof of this claim that is illustrated in a textbook.  $Seq (\mathbb{N})$ of all finite sequences of elements of $\mathbb{N}$ is countable.   Proof: Since $Seq(\mathbb{N}) = \bigcup^{\infty} _{n=0} \mathbb{N}^n,$ it suffices to produce a sequence $\left \langle {a_n | n \in \mathbb{N}}\right \rangle $ of enumerations of $\mathbb{N}^n,$ i.e. for each $n \in \mathbb{N}, a_n =\left \langle {a_n(k)| k \in \mathbb{N}}\right \rangle $ is an infinite sequence, and $\mathbb{N}^n = \{a_n(k) | k \in \mathbb{N}\}$   Let $g$ be a bijection from $\mathbb{N}$ to $\mathbb{N} \times \mathbb{N}.$ Define $a_1(i) = \left \langle {i}\right \rangle, \forall i \in \mathbb{N}; a_{n+1}(i) = \left \langle {b_0,...,b_{n-1},i_2}\right \rangle, $ where $g(i) = (i_1,i_2)$ and $\left \langle {b_0,...,b_{n-1}}\right \rangle = a_n(i_1).$ Hence $a_n$ is onto $\mathbb{N}^n.$  My questions: This means $a_2(i) = \left \langle {i_1, i_2}\right \rangle,$ where $g(i) =(i_1,i_2).$ Then $a_3(i) = \left \langle {i_1,i_2,i_2}\right \rangle $ $,a_4(i) =\left \langle {i_1,i_2,i_2,i_2}\right \rangle $ and $a_n(i) =\left \langle {i_1,i_2,...,i_2}\right \rangle$ etc? If so, given $f = \left \langle {f(0),...,f(n-1)}\right \rangle  \in \mathbb{N}^n,$ I don't understand how could $f $ be expressed as $a_n(i),$ for some $i \in \mathbb{N}?$  Appreciate any clear instruction. Thank you.


Drafting a question on new SE site, then linking accounts, does not recover the full draft

I was composing a question on DBA without realising that as a new user there I would need to link my network account.  The post editor , but when I linked my account to DBA, the question edit page reappeared, but with only the very first line of the question text present. The large majority was lost.  The tag I entered also disappeared.  (Luckily, I chose to copy the text before submitting.)


How to split Ubuntu dash apps label into multiple lines?

I don't like "..." at apps label, I have Ubuntu 18.04. I would like the app name to show in two or more lines if it does not fit in one single line.


Android app won't reopen sites list once closed with back button

To reproduce:   Select Edit on Your Sites. Tap the dropdown to get the whole list of sites. Tap the phone's back button.   The list disappears and clicking the dropdown does not make it reappear.


I have a few questions regarding CAN bus load  Is there any derived equation/formula to calculate the bus load?  I need transmit below frames(Assume Standard frame format) at baud rate 500 kbps on the bus 5ms  ----- 50 frames. 10ms ----- 10 frames. 100ms ---- 30 frmaes. Event messages ---- 10 frames.   How to calculate bus load, does anyone knows kindly illustrate the same?  What is the maximum bus load on CAN bus?


Understanding Standard Deviation for non-normally distributed data

On a normal distribution curve, standard deviation tells us how much data fall in each group around the mean, according to empirical law. So, for example of SD = 14 and sample mean($\bar{x}$) = 50, as shown in figure below:  If the data is normally distributed, 68.2% of the data will be around the mean inside SD units on each side to mean. Real data is hardly normally distributed, so how do I interpret Standard Deviation values I get from software, for example,  of Python?


Trying to create an array in Java. What did I just do?

I'm new to Java but not new to programming. I ran the following code in Eclipse:  int[] intArray = new int[5]; System.out.println(intArray);   and received the following output:  [I@17f7be7b   I'm sure StackOverflow already contains the correct way to create an array in Java. What I'd like to know is: what did I do?    Edit: Sorry... The link above my post isn't a duplicate question, and it doesn't answer my question. TylerAndFriends' link is closer, but I was hoping for an explanation of exactly what I printed. Tyler's linked thread says "the default method is to display the object's class name representation, then "@" followed by its hashcode". Can someone elaborate?


Is there any way to remove stains (e.g. from curries and pasta sauces) from plastic containers?

I like using microwaveable plastic containers to bring my lunch in as they are my lighter than the Pyrex/glass versions. However, reheating my food up creates unsightly stains.


How to analyse paired data lacking pairing information?

A colleague has a dataset from a before and after study looking at a continuous outcome that was measured in individuals before and after an intervention. An unknown but not insubstantial proportion of the individuals were only measured before or after the intervention.  However, due to an oversight following changes to the study design due to ethics they have only now realised that there is no way to link the before and after measurements that were made to the same individuals, i.e. there is no person ID.  Consequently, the data consists of a mix of paired and independent samples, but can only be treated as independent samples.  Are there any reasonable ways to mitigate this problem or address it, e.g. via some kind of sensitivity analysis?


Why do we invert word order when asking a question?

What's the difference between an inverted question and a normal-order question? Why invert? Is there a reason or a benefit?        I love you?   Do I love you?


How does this power supply (resistor/capacitor) divider filter work?

I've been looking at various valve guitar amplifier circuits and in specific, the power supply section.   I've been seeing a particular circuit that's repeating itself here and there in the power supply stage of various amplifier schematics.          – Schematic created using   Am I on the right lines by guessing that node X is some sort of virtual ground which is held constant by the voltage divider formed by the identically sized resistors? As in node X will be held at ~275V and any noise/variation/ripple to upset that will be "soaked up" by the capacitors?   I still don't understand why they wouldn't simply use a single big capacitor instead of this circuitry? The node X is not used anywhere and it seems to be there simply to aid filtering of the output of the bridge rectifier. Not to mention power losses due to the resistors. Atleast around 1W.   How about tolerances, obviously the resistors are not identical in real life, and such the voltage can't be half of B+. What implications does this have on the behaviour? Similarly capacitors have variance too.


Error message "sudo: unable to resolve host (none)"

When I run sudo the terminal is stuck for a few seconds and then outputs an error message. My terminal looks like this:  ubuntu@(none):~$ sudo true sudo: unable to resolve host (none)   What can I do to solve it?


How does Google create such professionally-looking screen recording GIFs?

Recently, I have come across this screen recording from a Google blog:      Notice how the mouse pointer moves in straight lines and perfectly accelerated and decelerated. Also, note the zooming in and out.  To me, it looks like all mouse actions were captured, restricted to essentials (mouse clicks), then interpolated (straight motion between clicks), and then replayed and the screen captured.  What tools are available to create screen recordings such as these?


How to extract the number 5005733989 from the string

How to extract this number 5005733989 from this string "employee-process-5005733989-19874"


Checking for the presence of an 'Item' in an Array does not work

I am writing a Discord bot. I am starting learning Discord JS and JS. I have an Error. When i am trying to check object availability in array, nothing happens. It must send a message and write it to file. I have problems only with availability 'use strict';  const fs = require('fs');  const { Client, MessageEmbed } = require('discord.js');  // Create an instance of a Discord client const client = new Client();    const prefix = '!' client.on('ready', () => {   console.log('noob') })   client.on('message', message => {   if (!message.guild) return;   if (message.author.id === client.user.id) return;   const args = message.content.slice(prefix.length).split(/ +/);    if (message.content === `${prefix}buy`, args[0]) {     if (args[1]) {       var shoplist  = new Array('bread', 'milk', 'water', 'salt');       let isValid = args[1];       if (isValid in shoplist) {         message.channel.send(isValid);         const product = isValid;         const user_inv = './inventory/' + message.author.id + '.txt';         fs.appendFileSync(user_inv , product + '\n');       }       else {         console.log('Error')       }     }     else {       message.channel.send('**Вы не указали предмет который хотите купить!**');     }   }   })  client.login('')


Possessive pronoun/object pronoun + Gerund

I have been thinking about this for quite a while and have done some research on it. What I have learned is that possessive pronoun+gerund is a structure that's more "formal", while object pronoun + gerund is less formal. Also, some people suggest that using the structure of possessive noun+noun might be more idiomatic and make the sentence easier to understand.  What I want to know is whether in the formal writing style the structure of "object+gerund" should never be used.   It just sounds quite clumsy when the "formal style" is used.  For example:   Soldiers walking slowly in two lines toward the enemies might look crazy to people nowadays. Soldiers' walking slowly in two lines toward the enemies might look crazy to people nowadays.   Note that in the first example I am not talking about "soldiers who walked slowly in two lines toward the enemies" but "the fact that soldiers walked slowly in two lines toward the enemies"  And also,    Do you mind me telling you the truth? Do you mind my telling you the truth?   Do the sentences that contain the structure of "object pronoun+gerund" confuse you or make you think it's so informal that it should not be seen in newspapers or prestigious magazines such as the Times or the Economist?  Thanks in advance! Any opinions are welcome!


I have the following code:  \documentclass{article}  \usepackage{hyperref} \usepackage{minted}  \begin{document}  A nice paper has the following things:  \begin{listing}   \begin{minted}{haskell}   data RCPoint = RCPoint {     _rcp_si :: Integer   }   \end{minted}   \label{ch1}   \caption{The RCPOINT Listing} \end{listing}  \begin{equation}   \label{eq:eqn1}   x^2 - 2 x \end{equation}  I like my equation in \ref{eq:eqn1}.  I also like my code in Listing \ref{ch1}.  \end{document}   which compiles normally, to produces::    The reference to the listing in the final line is missing. I get a warning for the final line of output:  (/usr/share/texmf-dist/tex/latex/amsfonts/umsb.fd)  Package hyperref Warning: Suppressing empty link on input line 55.  [1] (./nice-org-paper.aux) ) Output written on nice-org-paper.pdf (1 page). Transcript written on nice-org-paper.log.   How do I get the reference to work?


Proof of the principle of backwards induction

I have difficulty in neatly writing down a proof for the following from Terence Tao's Analysis I, where $m{+\!+}$ is the :     Let $n$ be a natural number, and let $P(m)$ be a property pertaining to the natural numbers such that whenever $P(m{+\!+})$ is true, then $P(m)$ is true. Suppose that $P(n)$ is also true. Prove that $P(m)$ is true for all natural numbers $m\leq n$; this is know as the principle of backwards induction. (Hint: apply induction to the variable $n$.)   First of all, I am unsure about what the base case should look like. For the induction step, I understand that if we suppose inductively that $P(n)$ is true, that then for a natural number $a$ s.t. $a{+\!+}=n$ it holds that $P(a)$ is true, and then for a natural number $b$ s.t. $b{+\!+}=a$ it holds that $P(b)$ is true etc. Hence for all natural numbers $m\leq n$, $P(m)$ is true.  Could anyone please tell me what the base case should look like, and whether there is a neater way of writing down the induction step?


I wanted to assign string response = "\x4F\x07\xA0\x00\x00\x00\x04\x10\x10\x5F\x55" If i do so the string is initialize till \x4F\x07\xA0\ and response.length() is retrund as 3 Is there any way to skip the null check while assigning these types of values to string in c++?


IMAP: how to move a message from one folder to another

(using the IMAP commands, not with the assistance of any other mail package)


Allow linked external accounts to grant commenting privileges

I've seen relevant 'answers' from people qualified to answer questions on open source projects deleted simply because those qualified people didn't have enough magic internet points to ask clarifying questions in comments. Yes, comments are not what answers are for. Yes, reviewers generally don't have the ability to move answers to comments. Yes, this horse has been beaten again and again. No, the status quo is not okay.  Specifically, the problem is a dependence on the ebb and flow of social cues for a user to establish reputation when they ought to be allowed to provide relevant feedback as soon as possible. This is not a problem on meta, as the reputation requirement is only 5. Everywhere else, it's at 50.  This is the thought (described in a Stack Overflow-centric way for ease of digestion):  Connect question tags with projects located on blessed open source hosts (e.g. GitHub and BitBucket) and check new SO users' linked accounts for collaborator and contributor status on those projects. If the user checks out, they get commenting privileges on questions with those tags regardless of low initial reputation. The process of linking these to enable commenting would require a bit of user initiative and display suitable warnings/instructions as they go through it. The likelihood of such users being 'noisy' is significantly diminished, and further having collaborator status in a project and genuine interest in making the project successful thus is not likely something that would significantly contribute to noisiness.  This leaves open the following issues up for discussion, among others:   The metric used to see if a user 'checks out'   Through what process would trust be established between accounts? This would necessarily be context-specific. For example: how would one determine one's expertise in a particular area of biology from e.g. an OpenScienceFramework account? This kind of thing might be easier for Stack Exchanges like Stack Overflow where questions and projects tend to follow the same delineation.  New projects not having relevant tags The blessed sites from which accounts may be linked for which StackExchange sites   There are likely well known inherent flaws in the Stack Exchange system (technical, social, etc.) that hurt efforts such as this, but, c'est la vie. Just a thought.  In case it isn't blazingly obvious, this isn't something I've personally experienced. It's something I've watched happen and been utterly disappointed with.


Is it possible to animate a sprite shape?  I don't see the Sprite Shape Profile in the animator properties, so I was just wondering if there's another way to do that. To clarify: Our game is 2D animated by hand, and one level has conveyor belts that span the level.  We can animate it normally, but that will end up taking more video memory than if we were able to animate the conveyors as tiled sprite shapes.  It may not end up being worth the effort to save the memory, but I figured it was worth a shot.  Because the sprites span the level, they end up taking up lots of space in a sprite atlas.


Cannot install oracle-java8-jdk Because java-common cannot be installed

Before someone comes and marks this as a duplicate I would like to mention that I have seen 10 similar problems and I have followed all of the steps but with no use. I followed   , , and    and with no exaggeration 7 more but non worked.  I simply want to install the 8th version of JDK and JRE. After following a bunch of steps here is where I’m at I added the repository and  I run this command apt-get install oracle-java8-installer and I get this message:    The following packages have unmet dependencies: oracle-java8-installer : Depends: java-common (>= 0.24) but it is not installable Recommends: gsfonts-x11 but it is not going to be installed Recommends: oracle-java8-set-default but it is not going to be installed   Afterwards I tried to install java-common using apt-get install java-common but I get this message:  Package java-common is not available, but is referred to by another package. This may mean that the package is missing, has been obsoleted, or is only available from another source However the following packages replace it: java-policy  E: Package 'java-common' has no installation candidate   Its important to note that I currently have no Java packages installed (I can't use the java command) and I have added add-apt-repository ppa:webupd8team/java successfully.  This is my distribution's info:  DISTRIB_ID=Ubuntu DISTRIB_RELEASE=16.04 DISTRIB_CODENAME=xenial DISTRIB_DESCRIPTION="Ubuntu 16.04.2 LTS"   I know this has been asked a lot but I have spent the last 4 hours trying to figure it out through other questions but to no avail.


I did originally have Ubuntu installed on my Laptop, however I then installed Joli OS, since I did not want it any more, I formatted the disk which had Joli OS on, thinking that it would revert back to the original Ubuntu boot loader. However when I boot my laptop, it comes up with: GRUB Rescue > Any ideas? Many thanks


Why do we have to divide by 2 in the ML squared error cost function?

I'm not sure why you need to multiply by $\frac1{2m}$ in the beginning. I understand that you would have to divide the whole sum by $\frac1{m}$, but why do we have to multiply $m$ by two?  Is it because we have two $\theta$ here in the example?


Why does hair turn grey or white, and why does it happen later for some?

The question is pretty simple: what is happening molecularly when hair turns grey or white? I would imagine that it is due to the lack of a particular compound. I'm also interested in why some people's onset of grey hair happens much later than others.


Why does interference take place even though coherence is absent in YDSE

(Might seem like a duplicate but is not)  The original Young's double slit experiment makes use of a single incoherent source being incident on two different slits to get two coherent sources.  The original source is incoherent.i.e There is no constant phase relation in the light being emitted.So The phase from 2s ago is in no way related to the phase from 0s ago.  But in YDSE.The two waves that interfere were not produced at the same time. So they are not exactly coherent.Also the two slits are not exactly equidistant from the source.Even at 1-2 centimeters pattern is still observed  How can these two beams interfere?  (It isnt  due each wave (emitted by an atom )extending for some time ..So that for small distance difference the phase is still constant,is it)(If it is not..Then could you make sure that  your answer clearly explain the fact  1 source with "Time LAg" would do but 2 lasers wouldn't) do


Creating object of abstract class in Java textbook

The following is from a textbook, and I don't know why it works. In the main method, several objects of an abstract class are created, which shouldn't be possible.  The explanation the book gives is: "This is an example of polymorphism: The correct value of volume is selected at runtime."  How does it select the correct value if the volume() method cannot be called on the object in question?  Is it the case that sol, sph, and rec are not of class Solid? If so, why not? ClassA x = new ClassB(); creates an object of ClassA when ClassB extends ClassA.  public abstract class Solid {     private String name;     public Solid(String solidName) {name = solidName;}     public String getName() {return name;}     public abstract double volume(); } public class Sphere extends Solid {     private double radius;     public Sphere(String sphereName, double sphereRadius) {         super(sphereName);         radius = sphereRadius;     }     public double volume() {         return (4.0/3.0) * Math.PI * radius * radius * radius;     } public class RectangularPrism extends Solid {     private double length;     private double width;     private double height;     public RectangularPrism(String prismName, double l, double w, double h) {         super(prismName);         length = l;         width = w;         height = h;     }     public double volume() {         return length * width * height;     } public class SolidMain {     public static void printVolume(Solid s) {         System.out.println("Volume = " + s.volume() + " cubic units.");     }     public static void main(String[] args) {         Solid sol;         Solid sph = new Sphere("sphere", 4); //is sph an object of type Solid?         Solid rec = new RectangularPrism("box", 3, 6, 9);         int flipCoin = (int) (Math.random()*2); //random 0 or 1         if (flipcoin == 0) {            sol = sph;        } else {            sol = rec;        } printVolume(sol);


Every time I call \section{**Section Name**}, a number appears to the left of the name of the section.  How do I hide this number?


Let $X_1 \sim Gamma(\alpha_1,1)$ and $X_2 \sim Gamma(\alpha_2,1)$ be independent random variables. How can I find the marginal distributions of $\frac{X_1}{X_1+X_2}$ and $\frac{X_2}{X_1+X_2}$?  By setting $U=\frac{X_1}{X_1+X_2}$ and $V=\frac{X_2}{X_1+X_2}$, I am having a hard time trying to isolate $X_1$ and $X_2$. Once I can isolate these variables, I can complete the problem. However, I was wondering if there was a better way to solve for those marginal distributions.


Suppose $S$ is a family of $L$-structures where $L$ is some collection of constant symbols, relation symbols, and function symbols.  Does the coproduct of elements of $S$ exist?  If not, how does one prove it?  If yes, how is the coproduct defined?  Are the maps from elements of S to the coproduct all monic?  Also, any references speaking about this would be appreciated; something that involves mathematical logic and category theory perhaps.  Thanks in advance for your answer.


BibLatex Citing with Author having "And" in Name

So I'm trying to cite an "author" that has "and" in its name. By "author", I mean more like a department. I'm citing a paper written by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services along with the Food and Drug Administration. I looked all over the paper and I could not see any other author but regardless, how do you cite an author that has "And" in its name. I feel like I may be able to do it if I go with "@manual" in the .bib file but I'm trying to see if its possible with "@online" or "@author".


1 month ago I created one website and without doing anything I entered exact domain in google and it was shown as it suposed to..Now I created another project and after 3 days there is no sign of my website on google even if I enter exact name of it.. How can I push it to google??


Let X be a subset of {1,2,...,2014}.  How would I show that if |X| ≥ 64, then there exist at least two different pairs {x,y} and {u,v} of distinct elements of X which |x-y|=|u-v|?   I'm not too sure how to go about this problem. Any help is appreciated.


Refer static resource in custom HTML email template

This seems easy, but I'm unable to refer a static resource in a custom HTML template.The cache-control is set to public.      <img src="{!URLFOR{$Resource.Testimage}" height="100"/>


How to disable the grouping of windows on the launcher?

For example, I ran Firefox and opened . Then opened some link in a new window. As a result, I have two windows of Firefox and one icon of Firefox on the launcher. I want to have an icon for each opened window.  How do I do?


Many debutant GIS users are asking me which one is better QGIS or gvSIG. Since I use Qgis and I don't have any experience in gvSIG, I aways say that both are very nice softwares and the chose is a matter of liking vanilla or chocolate. But I want to have a better answer for that question, so I would like to hear from people with experience on both of them, what drove you to choose one or the other as your favorite opensource desktop GIS.


How do we know that heat is a differential form?

In thermodynamics, the first law can be written in differential form as $$dU = \delta Q - \delta W$$ Here, $dU$ is the differential $1$-form of the internal energy but $\delta Q$ and $\delta W$ are inexact differentials, which is emphasized with the replacement of $d$ with $\delta $.   My question is why we regard heat (or work) as differential forms? Suppose our system can be described with state variables $(x_1,\ \cdots ,\ x_n)$. To my understanding, a general $1$-form is written as $$df = f_1\ dx_1 + f_2\ dx_2 + \cdots + f_n\ dx_n$$ In particular, differential forms are linear functionals of our state variables. Is there any good reason to presuppose that $\delta Q$ is linear in the state variables?   In other words, if the infinitesimal heat transferred when moving from state $\mathbf{x}$ to $\mathbf{x} + d\mathbf{x}_1$ is $\delta Q_1$ and from $\mathbf{x}$ to $\mathbf{x} + d\mathbf{x}_2$ is $\delta Q_2$, is there any physical reason why the heat transferred from $\mathbf{x}$ to $\mathbf{x} + d\mathbf{x}_1 + d\mathbf{x}_2$ should be $\delta Q_1 + \delta Q_2$?  I apologize if the question is a bit unclear, I am still trying to formulate some of these ideas in my head.  P.S. I know that for quasi-static processes, we have $\delta Q = T\ dS$ (and $\delta W = p\ dV$) so have shown $\delta Q$ is a differential form in this case. I guess my question is about non-quasi-static processes in general.


Error with ieeeaccess.cls "Missing number, treated as zero. \xdef"

I'm using the ieeeaccess.cls for IEEE Access journal but I get the following error,  Missing number, treated as zero. \xdef   My code is as follows,  \documentclass{ieeeaccess}  \usepackage{amsmath, amsfonts, amssymb, color, enumerate, amsthm, graphicx} \usepackage{tikz, subcaption, cite} \usepackage{color, xcolor, soul, bm, textcomp} \usepackage{marginnote} \PassOptionsToPackage{hyphens}{url}\usepackage{hyperref} \hypersetup{   colorlinks   = true, %Colours links instead of ugly boxes   urlcolor     = blue, %Colour for external hyperlinks   linkcolor    = blue, %Colour of internal links   citecolor    = green %Colour of citations }  \renewcommand{\qedsymbol}{$\blacksquare$} \usepackage[normalem]{ulem} \newtheorem{problem}{Problem} \newtheorem{theorem}{Theorem} \newtheorem{corollary}{Corollary} \newtheorem{assumption}{Assumption} \newtheorem{proposition}{Proposition} \newtheorem{lemma}{Lemma} \newtheorem{remark}{Remark} \newtheorem{definition}{Definition} \newtheorem{example}{Example} \usepackage{epsfig}  \usepackage{psfrag} \DeclareMathOperator{\diag}{diag} \usepackage{tcolorbox}  \usepackage{algorithm} \usepackage{algpseudocode} \allowdisplaybreaks  \def\BibTeX{{\rm B\kern-.05em{\sc i\kern-.025em b}\kern-.08em         T\kern-.1667em\lower.7ex\hbox{E}\kern-.125emX}}   \def\endtheorem{\hspace*{\fill}~$\square$\par\endtrivlist\unskip} \def\endlemma{\hspace*{\fill}~$\square$\par\endtrivlist\unskip} \def\endproposition{\hspace*{\fill}~$\square$\par\endtrivlist\unskip} \def\endexample{\hspace*{\fill}~$\square$\par\endtrivlist\unskip} \def\endremark{\hspace*{\fill}~$\square$\par\endtrivlist\unskip} \def\enddefinition{\hspace*{\fill}~$\square$\par\endtrivlist\unskip}  \begin{document} \history{Date of publication xxxx 00, 0000, date of current version xxxx 00, 0000.} \doi{10.1109/ACCESS.2017.DOI}  \title{My title}  \author{\uppercase{Mohammad}\authorrefmark{1}} \address[1]{Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering (e-mail: myemail@mydomain.edu)}  \markboth {Author \headeretal: Preparation of Papers for IEEE TRANSACTIONS and JOURNALS} {Author \headeretal: Preparation of Papers for IEEE TRANSACTIONS and JOURNALS}  \corresp{Corresponding author: Mohammad}  \newcommand{\ty}{\color{yellow}} \newcommand{\tb}{\color{blue}} \newcommand{\tr}{\color{red}} \newcommand{\tg}{\color{green}}  %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% \begin{abstract} My abstract ... \end{abstract}  \begin{keywords}     My keywords ... \end{keywords}  \titlepgskip=-15pt  \maketitle  \section{Introduction} \label{sec:introduction} \PARstart{T}{his} is my document.  %\appendices %\input{Appendix}  %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%  \bibliographystyle{IEEEtran} \bibliography{IEEEabrv, refs}  \EOD  \end{document}


sudoers syntax error after adding a simple comma

Here is my original /etc/sudoers.d/www file:  Cmnd_Alias WWWCMDS = /home/xxx/shop/update.sh www-data ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: WWWCMDS   I simply want to add two additional commands so I RTFM and saw that you just have to comma-separate them.  Cmnd_Alias WWWCMDS = /home/xxx/shop/update.sh,geoipupdate,service memcached restart www-data ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: WWWCMDS   But it triggered a syntax error. What am I doing wrong ?


How can I pause/resume download in youtube video?

I have downloaded youtube videos using youtube-dl. But due to network problem or other problem sometimes I am not able to download video completely. Later, I need to download that video from beginning.  Is there any way to pause and resume download? I use both Chromium and Mozilla.


I need to test a program on Windows XP, where can I find a .iso to put on a VM? Is there any way to get an iso similar to what microsoft hosts on , a free .iso that expires after 90 days for development use.


Axioms that characterize the notion of dimension

Let $\mathcal{C}$ be a class of sets/spaces/structures among which we have a dimension. Namely a map $d:\mathcal{C}\rightarrow \mathbb{N}$ defined in a certain manner that motivated the appellative dimension.     What properties would you expect $d$ to have?     E.g. if $Y, X\in\mathcal{C}$ and $Y\subseteq X$ then $\dim Y\leq \dim X$.  Another way of phrasing this question is, what properties are shared by every standard notion of dimension in mathematics?


How many voltage and amps to charge a 3.8 V 2200 mAh cellphone battery?

My charging port is broken. Need to make a charger, thanks for help.


android - json key value pairs to sqlite

I am completely stuck on this and need help.  I need to get the value if another value is equal to something.  Lets say my array is:  "people":[     {"name": "David", "age": "30"},      {"name": "Bob", "age": "20"},      {"name": "Bill", "age": "30"} ]   I need to return the age if the name is lets say Bob. I have attempted to do it this way but to no avail.   String People = jsonPart.getString("people"); JSONArray arr = new JSONArray(People);  for (int h = 0; h < arr.length(); h++) {      JSONObject jsonPart = arr.getJSONObject(h);      String name = jsonPart.getString("name");      if (name == "Bob") {          String age = jsonPart.getString("age");          break;      } }


Suppose after a meeting among a company's board of directors, a member who missed the session and arrives e.g. one hour later, asks one of the presented members:        What was the meeting outcome?      and the second person answers:        The outcome was somewhat acceptable.      I need to know if it's possible to use "result" instead of "outcome' here or not?


Using do not and don't (I do not think of it)

Man: What do you think of the view?  Droid: I do not think of it.  Man: I don't think of it. I don't. Droids and apostrophes, I could write a book, except you are... barely a droid anymore.  (c) Deep Breath  I can't understand the difference between do not and don't in this case. I'd be grateful if somebody helps.


I tried following commands but its not working, my system is 14e4:4315. can someone help please. Thanks!  lspci -nn | grep 0280 The pipe symbol | is on the right side of my US keyboard on the same key with '\'. Is this your device?  Broadcom Corporation BCM4360 802.11ac Wireless Network Adapter [14e4:43a0] (rev 03) If so, then bcmwl-kernel-source is correct for your device. If you still have the install DVD or USB, then you can find it and its prerequisite there. Navigate to pool > restricted > b > bcmwl and drag and drop the deb file to your desktop. Now navigate to pool > main > d > dkms and drag and drop dkms to your desktop. Now install both with:  cd ~/Desktop sudo dpkg -i *.deb Load the driver:  sudo modprobe wl


I'm trying to figure out a decent solution (especially from the SEO side) for embedding fonts in web pages. So far I have seen , which doesn't even work on Firefox, and . The second solution is for titles only. Is there a solution available for full text? I'm tired of the standard fonts for web pages.  Thanks!


Why do some games allow offline Steam achievements?

I know of  where it is asked if you can get Steam achievements offline. The accepted answer to that was no.   But I do earn achievements for some Steam games while playing in offline mode!  For example, right now I am earning achievements for Cave Story+ as I play in offline mode. In other games I also earn achievements while playing in offline mode. Not just when I am disconnected but still in "online" mode as might be suggested in the linked question.  But what is really bugging me is that this does not happen with all games that have Steam achievements.  So, is allowing offline achievements something that Steam allows, the game devs allow, or is it something decided by a magical elf in the steam servers rolling some d20 dice around?  Edit:  As per request, I was able to attain visual evidence:    You should be able to see the achievement-get in action while in offline mode.  What is worth noting, (and something that I forgot to mention before) is that I only started earning achievements after I had went into online mode with the game installed. This is why I was able to earn this achievement with the ones after unlocked. I had started the game for the first time in offline mode, and did not notice that I was not earning achievements. When I had connected once, I did not have to start the game while online. I was able to earn achievements offline.  I also must state publicly: I do not play on easy. This was for testing purposes only people. It was for Science!


Can you give me an helicopter view on group theory. How does it relate to other disciplines of mathematics. What is the added value of group theory.

What is the link between set theory, number theory and group theory. What is the added value in knowing that for example the rotations of an equilateral triangle have the same group structure as the integers mod 3.


I have seen both "(Something) requires that one specify how.." and "(Something) requires that one specifies how.." used in various contexts. Which is grammatically correct? My sense is that the former is correct because the verb "specify" should be conjugated in present subjunctive within a declarative content clause.


Should there be penalities for unjustified down-votes just on Meta Stack Exchange?

The question of down voting questions is always a debatable topic. The purpose of the down-vote is unclear. The reasons for most of the down-votes is even less clear. Obviously if the intent is to improve the content there should be no problem with disclosing the reason behind a persons down vote. Yet most down votes are made by ghosts. They vanish into the night without a trace.  It would be easy to track the amount positive and negative votes a person casts, so does it not make sense that there should be some kind of penalty for those people that abuse their voting privilege. There are people that put effort into writing and asking questions and it takes almost no effort hit a down-vote and discredit the writer. A down-vote with an explanation is constructive criticism and improves the quality of the website. A down-vote with no explanation serves little purpose and is just criticism.   I think if down voters had to explain their reasoning behind their down votes and they were as accountable as the person who asks the question, there would be a lot less negative votes.   What should the penalty be for abusers of the down vote system?  When I asked this question it was because I had asked simple questions. About what I have no idea now. It was met with negativity. Today I found out that I was on the wrong Meta. I should have been on the Meta Stack Overflow. Had the question been asked on the Meta Stack Overflow there most likely would not have been a problem.  I no longer care what happens on the Meta Stack Exchange and would be very happy if I could delete all of my input and just stay with Stack Overflow. Unfortunately for me this not allowed.


How to accomplish SQL Server 2012+2014 high availability

(Copied from )  Maybe I'm searching for the wrong thing, but I can't see how I can do this.  I have two servers:   Server A (has SQL Server 2012 installed)  Server B (has SQL Server 2014 installed)   Server A provides an API via IIS. The code both inserts and gets data from the database depending on the API call.  Server B does exactly the same for its local database.  I would like to have it so that the two databases are consistent copies of each other. I do believe this is what HA accomplishes.  So a load balancer, for example, might direct API calls to A sometimes, and B sometimes, but the data needs to be consistent either way.  I found some documentation on HA for SQL Server 2012, but not on how to do this for a mixed environment of 2012 and 2014.  Any help or pointers to documentation would be great! Thanks.


I want to digitize (convert from analog to digital) a signal that can vary from -300 volts to +300 volts. Can anybody suggest how to handle this high voltage signal?


Given the following:  string var1 = "0206" string var2 = "020C" string result = "FFFA"   I need to take the twos complement of the hex representation of var2 [((FFFF-VAR2)+1)] And add it to the hex representation of var1. The result will be a string representation of the hex result (FFFA).  I don't know how to convert the string vars so that I can perform the computations.


Is the  of two parallel resistors the resistance of the individual resistors or the sum of their resistances?   Is the $R_e$ of two series resistors their sum?


Saving to database on OpenLayers map changes?

I have put a map on website using OpenLayers. This map is fetched from geoserver by using wms request. and in the same way, it is drawn some shapes such as point, line etc. using open layers library in this simple project.  My Spatial data(tables) is held on Oracle spatial database. as I mentioned above, these tables are served by geoserver to the web page and are mapped using open layers library.   How can I save new changes on map to related to Database Table When I draw a new shape on this map?      When it has occurred changes, the second image was created.


What is the difference between a PDU and a power strip (both 120V, 15A)?

I just chatted with an APC rep about upgrading the UPSes at our office. She recommended a single higher-capacity 6-outlet Smart-UPS to replace the four Back-UPS units we currently have. When I asked how she recommended plugging in all the current devices, she recommended using a APC's  PDU, but said not to use a power strip. At first she said I had to use an APC brand PDU, but after I inquired about using a Tripp-Lite PDU, she said any brand PDU would be fine.  The APC PDU previously referenced looks like a standard 120V power strip with overload protection but no surge protection. Other than overload protection (which seems redundant if plugging into the UPS), is there something else I'm missing, or should any power strip (without surge protection) be fine?  Edit: I didn't mention it earlier, but we don't have a proper rack--though I did still plan to mount the PDU or power strip to something. I guess I'm wondering if there's any special reason I should pay as much as $180 for the low-end APC PDU (which just looks like a power strip to me) vs. $20-$30 for a .


Election application from Open STV isn't free anymore

With an election:  Download the election data and use  to audit the results.  Previously, this was a free to download application.  It isn't anymore.  ... To support continued development, OpenSTV is now available under a restrictive license. The license is for one year with prices ranging from $10 to $400. For small non-profits, the price is only $10. For medium non-profits, the price is $40. For all other organizations the price is $400. ...  The individual license is $10. Given this, should Stack Exchange continue to promote the site for auditing running election returns?


Question marks instead of Russian letters in the database

Signs of the question instead of Russian letters and does not write Russian letters in the database.  Here is an example code that makes a selection of a news list from a database:    public static function getList( $numRows=1000000, $order="publicationDate DESC" ) {     $conn = new PDO( DB_DSN, DB_USERNAME, DB_PASSWORD );     $sql = "SELECT SQL_CALC_FOUND_ROWS *, UNIX_TIMESTAMP(publicationDate) AS publicationDate FROM articles             ORDER BY " . $conn->quote($order) . " LIMIT :numRows ";      $st = $conn->prepare( $sql );     $st->bindValue( ":numRows", $numRows, PDO::PARAM_INT );     $st->execute();     $list = array();      while ( $row = $st->fetch() ) {       $article = new Article( $row );       $list[] = $article;     }      $sql = "SELECT FOUND_ROWS() AS totalRows";     $totalRows = $conn->query( $sql )->fetch();     $conn = null;     return ( array ( "results" => $list, "totalRows" => $totalRows[0] ) );   }   $conn->query( "SET CHARSET utf8" ); - Does not help mysql:charset=utf8; - don`t work Database structure:


Searching for posts without a tag borks the search parameters

Currently, search seems to be doing odd things when you search for posts without certain tag(s) using the not operator. For example:  -[css] -[html] should return a list of posts that do not have the CSS or HTML tags, and it correctly looks for that criteria. However, it also seems to change my search query to "-[css] -[html]" (note the quotation marks) and searches for posts  which do not have the CSS and HTML tags, but also contain the words CSS and HTML within them.        The same thing happens whether you search for one or many tags. This doesn't seem to happen if you don't use the not operator on the tags.


How to show that the norm of a fractional ideal is well-defined?

Sorry. This might probably be a really easy question, but I am only a beginner in algebraic number theory. So, please bear with me.  Let $K$ be an algebraic number field and $\mathcal{O}_K$ its ring of integers.  Preludium   In my lecture we have defined the norm $N_{K/\mathbb{Q}}(x)$ for an element $x \in K$ in the usual way. In a following lecture we "extended" this to the norm of an ideal $\mathfrak{a}$ of $\mathcal{O}_K$ by setting $$ \mathfrak{N}(\mathfrak{a}) := [\mathcal{O}_K : \mathfrak{a}] := \left| \mathcal{O}_K / \mathfrak{a} \right|$$ and showed that for the principal ideal $(a)$ with $a \in \mathcal{O}_K$ we always have $\mathfrak{N}((a)) = \left|N_{K/\mathbb{Q}}(a)\right|$. Later, we introduced the notion of a fractional ideal in $K$ being a non-zero, finitely generated $\mathcal{O}_K$-submodule of $K$. And we showed that a non-zero $\mathcal{O}_K$-submodule $\mathfrak{a}$ of $K$ is a fractional ideal iff there is a $c \in \mathcal{O}_K \setminus \{0\} $ such that $c\mathfrak{a} \subseteq \mathcal{O}_K$ (thus $c\mathfrak{a}$ is an ideal of $\mathcal{O}_K$). We now extended the norm $ \mathfrak{N}$ by defining for each fractional ideal $\mathfrak{a}$ of $K$ the norm $$ \mathfrak{N}(\mathfrak{a}) := \frac{[\mathcal{O}_K : c\mathfrak{a}]}{\left|N_{K/\mathbb{Q}}(c)\right|}, $$ $c$ being an element of $\mathcal{O}_K \setminus \{0\}$ such that $c\mathfrak{a} \subseteq \mathcal{O}_K$ (exists according to 2.).   Question  How can I show that this latter definition is independent of the chosen $c$?  Edit  I changed the definition in (3) from $ \mathfrak{N}(\mathfrak{a}) := \frac{[\mathcal{O}_K : c\mathfrak{a}]}{N_{K/\mathbb{Q}}(c)} $ to $\mathfrak{N}(\mathfrak{a}) := \frac{[\mathcal{O}_K : c\mathfrak{a}]}{\left|N_{K/\mathbb{Q}}(c)\right|} $ and added the absolute value everywhere else, too. I think that was a typo in my lecture notes.  Thoughts (Is it better to add them as comments? I was not sure.)   Let $c, c' \in \mathcal{O}_K \setminus \{0\}$ such that $c \mathfrak{a} \subseteq \mathcal{O}_K $ and $c' \mathfrak{a} \subseteq \mathcal{O}_K$. At the moment I am contemplating if and in which way $c$ and $c'$ are related. I was wondering whether one always has $c'=bc$ (or vice versa) for an $b \in \mathcal{O}_K$. Then we had $$ \frac{[\mathcal{O}_K : c'\mathfrak{a}]}{\left|N_{K/\mathbb{Q}}(c')\right|} = \frac{[\mathcal{O}_K : bc\mathfrak{a}]}{\left|N_{K/\mathbb{Q}}(bc)\right|} = \frac{[\mathcal{O}_K : bc\mathfrak{a}]}{\left|N_{K/\mathbb{Q}}(b)\right| · \left|N_{K/\mathbb{Q}}(c)\right|}$$ and it remained to show that $[\mathcal{O}_K : bc\mathfrak{a}] = \left|N_{K/\mathbb{Q}}(b)\right| · [\mathcal{O}_K : c\mathfrak{a}]$ (maybe because $[\mathcal{O}_K : bc\mathfrak{a}] = [\mathcal{O}_K : (b)] · [\mathcal{O}_K : c\mathfrak{a}]$ ???).


Batch remove empty directories (Removing as many directories as possible, but no files)

I'm running a batch script that clears files, in which I need to delete all empty folders. It is identical to the question posted here:   except I am using batch instead of bash (Windows 10).  I tried using rmdir but it would either remove dirs. and files or remove nothing.


I'm finally catching up on the whole "Avengers vs. X-Men" arc, and it seems fairly obvious to me that  is a clone (or something) of . However, upon reading up on her, it seems that Hope "The Mutant Messiah" Summers was born to non-mutant parents living in a town somewhere in Alaska. She was later adopted by , hence the last name "Summers". In my opinion, she seems to be a rather blatant replacement for Jean, but even in-universe the two share too many similarities to NOT be related:     Same physical appearance (seriously, she looks IDENTICAL to the teenage Jean. See?) Same shy, yet fiery personality Both Omega-level mutants (albeit different powers) Both have telepathic/telekinetic powers (Hope has a different primary power but still...) Both have a connection to the Phoenix Force, which is very rare. In fact, so far the only people who have had a natural connection with the Phoenix has been Jean and her "daughters"   It's also important to note that the Summers family, in particular, have a history rife with clones, duplicates, & alternate timelines.   Is there any evidence or hints in-universe that Hope is actually a clone/copy/genetic offspring/etc. of Jean Grey? Or has anyone with Marvel commented on the similarities?


permission denied when executing binary despite "rwx" privilege and root user

I'm trying to execute some binary with bash. I am getting a "Permission denied" message despite having given the full privileges (chmod 777) and being the 'root' user:  This is the file description:  -rwxrwxrwx  1 root root 641K Aug 22 15:04 wrapid   This is the error message:  bash: ./wrapid: Permission denied   Output of strace ./wrapid:  execve("./wrapid", ["./wrapid"], [/* 13 vars */]) = -1 EACCES (Permission denied) write(2, "strace: exec: Permission denied\n", 32strace: exec: Permission denied ) = 32 exit_group(1) = ? +++ exited with 1 +++   Output of ldd ./wrapid:  /usr/bin/ldd: line 104: lddlibc4: command not found not a dynamic executable   Output of file wrapid:  wrapid: ELF 64-bit LSB executable, x86-64, version 1 (SYSV), dynamically linked (uses shared libs), for GNU/Linux 2.6.32, BuildID[sha1]=0x817251da41b3c8684a68f6f4afa1b4cd8f116072, not stripped    Output of uname -a:  Linux WR-IntelligentDevice 3.4.43-grsec-WR5.0.1.7_standard #2 SMP PREEMPT Thu Aug 22 16:27:28 CST 2013 i686 GNU/Linux


What can cause a question to be "bumped" to the first page in the Active tab of a Stack Exchange site? (Changing the "Last Active" date.)  .


Extracting tree crown areas from remote sensing data (visual images and LiDAR)

I am looking for a method to process a remote sensing image and extract the crown areas of the individual trees from the image.   I have both visual wavelength areal imagery, and lidar data from the area. The location in question is a desert area, so the tree cover isn't as dense as a forest area. The resolution of the aerial imagery is 0.5 feet by 0.5 feet. The lidar resolution is approximately 1 x 1 feet. Both the visual data and the lidar come from a Pima County, Arizona dataset. A sample of the type of aerial imagery I have is at the end of this post.   This question  seems to be the same issue, but there does not seem to be a good answer there.  I can obtain a reasonable classification of the vegetation types (and information about the overall percent cover) in the area by using the Iso Cluster classification in Arcmap, but this provides little information on individual trees. The closest I have to what I want is the results of passing the output of the isocluster classification through the Raster to Polygon feature in Arcmap. The problem is that this method merges near by trees into a single polygon.   Edit: I probably should have included some more detail about what I have. The raw datasets I have are:    Full las data, and a tiff raster generated from it. Visual imagery (like the sample image shown, but covering a much wider area)  Manual direct measurements of a subset of the trees in the area.    From these I have generated:    The ground/vegetation classifications. The DEM/DSM rasters.


Let $K$ be a Galois extension of $F$ and let $a\in K$. Let $n=[K:F]$, $r=[F(a):F]$ and $H=Gal(K/F(a))$. Let $\tau_{1},\dots,\tau_{r}$ be left coset representatives of $H$ in $G$. Show that $\min(F,a) = \prod_{i=1}^{r}\left(x-\tau_{i}\left(a\right)\right)$.  Conclude that $\prod_{\sigma\in Gal(K/F)}\left(x-\sigma\left(a\right)\right)=\min\left(F,a\right)^{n/r}$.  Help me a hint. Thanks in advanced.


How to include directory structure in an ant jar file?

I am a bit of an ant newbie, and I'm having trouble making a jar correctly. As an example, say I want to make a jar with my StringUtil class. Using the following ant directive, I can create the jar, but the problem is that the directory structure is lost. It simply puts StringUtil.class in the base directory of the jar. How can I correct this ant directive so that StringUtil.class is inside the com/test directory in the jar?  <jar destfile="myjar.jar" >   <fileset file="${build}/com/test/StringUtil.class"/> </jar>   Thanks!


Is it possible to have your flair displayed on all Stack Exchange websites?

I want to have my Stack Exchange flair on all stack exchange websites. Is that possible? Can it be implemented?


ubuntu terminal stuck after running command as root user

I opened the terminal and typed this command:   sudo add-apt-repository ppa:webapps/preview   It ran it then, I asked for a password. I typed but no letters would show up. The cursor is just remaining blinking. What to do?


How far apart do two objects have to be for there to be negligible force between them?

Inspired from the commentary on  question.  How far apart do two objects have to be for the gravitational force between them to be negligible? By negligible  I mean, that it could never be measured rather than a technical limitation that results in a measurement/force of zero and/or the accuracy of the measurement is too imprecise to be of use.  Basically when is the force to small to ever be measured, now or in the future? Is there a limiting distance?


What do we mean by $CP^2$ with reverse orientation?

$CP^2$ and $\bar{CP^2}$ are not diffeomorphic since they have non-isomorphic intersection forms. so why do we call the latter $CP^2$ with reverse orientation? it seems like we are not just reversing a given orentation on $CP^2$ to get $\bar {CP^2}$.


I dislike the current head of my dynasty, can I arrange an accident for him?

The current ruler of my dynasty is a bit of an idiot. His heir shows much more promise; is there a way to get rid of my current ruler?


My UI is corrupted (after going into sleep mode).   What do I do to reset this without rebooting? I tried: - change screen resolution - change ubuntu theme  That did not fix it. Thanks!


Let $\gcd(m,n)=1$, prove that $m\mathbb Z/mn\mathbb Z$ is isomorphic to $\mathbb Z/n\mathbb Z$


Cauchy's functional equation with composite function: $gf(x+y)=gf(x)+gf(y)$

$g \colon \mathbb{R} \to \mathbb{R}$ is a continuous function satisfying $g(0)=0$ and, for all $x \neq 0$, $g(x)g(-x)>0$. Solve for functions $f \colon \mathbb{R} \to \mathbb{R}$ satisfying $gf(x+y)=gf(x)+gf(y)$.  If $gf$ is continuous at any point, then I found that the only solution is $f \equiv 0$. But how can I solve for the case where $gf$ is not necessarily continuous (or in other words, where $f$ is not necessarily continuous?)


Dimension reduction issues in self-organizing maps (SOM)

Self organizing maps are claimed to be able to visualize/cluster high-dimensional data in a smaller dimensional space.  I have some difficulties in understanding this statement.  Consider a six-dimensional data set; the codebook vector/reference vector is also six-dimensional.  According to the SOM algorithm, updating these reference vectors is also conducted in the six-dimensional vector space.  If we are considering a two dimensional map, how should I understand the map between the six-dimensional data space and two-dimensional map space?


Can somebody explain why the interval $\left ( 0,1 \right )$ is not countable?

I cannot seem to understand the proof of why the interval $\left ( 0,1 \right )$ is not countable.   The proof that is written in my book using the method of Reductio ad absurdum.  It starts with the following statement:  We know that every real number can be written as a decimal.  Let $x_{1} = 0,x_{11}x_{12}x_{13}...$  $x_{2} = 0,x_{21}x_{22}x_{23}...$  $x_{3} = 0,x_{31}x_{32}x_{33}...$  Then by using the diagonial argument it constructs a $y = 0,y_{i}...$ but cannot understand the process that follows.


Can't use Shortcut key on linux mint 19 XFCE

I am not able to use the shortcut key in Blender, although in Preferences > Input there is normal.  For example, I can't use key G for move , S for scale, R, X, Y, Z or Shift + D for duplication, but I can use Ctrl + A and various keys preceded by either Ctrl or Alt..  I have tried many times and more than one time I have to re-install Linux.  How do I solve this issue?


Can I set a delay on Mission Control Hot Corners? Or maybe change how they’re triggered?

I love using Hot Corners, but I regularly trigger them by mistake when performing other tasks, so I disabled them for a while and found I couldn’t live without this functionality.  This got me to thinking - what if I could set a delay (0.5 secs) before the Hot Corners get triggered, or maybe set it so it’s triggered by a right-click action?  I had a look at the Mission Control system preferences but didn’t see any way to do this instead of just accidentally moving the mouse..   Can I do this? Maybe a terminal command? Other suggestions welcome too.


I am looking to find a way using SDO Geometry to overlay two polygons, Polygon A and Polygon B. I consider Polygon A to be my bottom layer. Wherever Polygon B overlaps Polygon A, I want to cut that geography out of Polygon A. Basically, the geography of Polygon B will take precedence over Polygon, without getting rid of all of Polygon A.  My intent is to throw the now-modified Polygon A and Polygon B into a new Feature Class. This Feature Class will eventually be made into an ArcGIS Service.  Some Visuals:  Blue = Polygon A  Red = Polygon B    When we place Polygon B on Polygon A. We'll cut out where Polygon B is. If we think of this example as 1 layer, this would also be the intended end result.    Polygon A after we remove the chunk where Polygon B was.    Edit: This was marked as a duplicate. Although I can see how this is a duplicate from an ArcGIS Perspective, the answer that was marked as duplicate did not mention anything about SDO Geometry. I would like to see if there is an option available via SDO Geometry as well,(Even if it's not the best solution) in the event that I must end up using SDO. I've removed the references to ArcMap to designate this as more of an SDO Question.


What registers to save in the ARM C calling convention?

It's been a while since I last coded arm assembler and I'm a little rusty on the details. If I call a C function from arm,  I only have to worry about saving r0-r3 and lr, right?  If the C function uses any other registers, is it responsible for saving those on the stack and restoring them? In other words, the compiler would generate code to do this for C functions.   For example if I use r10 in an assembler function, I don't have to push its value on the stack, or to memory, and pop/restore it after a C call, do I?  This is for arm-eabi-gcc 4.3.0.


I am trying to delete the 2nd to last item in my array. Using delete puts my indexing out of order?  Getting this using delete myArr[15];


bibliography not showing capital letters for words in "title" field for entries of type "@article"

I have a bib file with most words in the title all capitalized. For instance:  @article{ekstrom2013family,     Author = {Ekstr{\"o}m, Mats and {\"O}stman, Johan},     Date-Added = {2019-03-06 17:27:29 -0800},     Date-Modified = {2019-03-06 17:48:19 -0800},     Journal = {European Journal of Communication},     Number = {3},     Pages = {294-308},     Publisher = {Sage Publications Sage UK: London, England},     Title = {Family Talk, Peer Talk and Young People's Civic Orientation},     Volume = {28},     Year = {2013}}   However, the pdf output does not show these capitals -- the article titles are all turned to lowercase. What would be causing this issue?  In the preamble, I have:  \documentclass[12pt, letterpaper]{article} \usepackage{natbib} \usepackage{graphicx}  \usepackage{lipsum} \usepackage{filecontents} \usepackage{setspace}  \usepackage{booktabs} \usepackage[utf8]{inputenc} \usepackage{threeparttable}  \usepackage{rotating}  \usepackage{amsmath}  \usepackage[margin = .75in]{geometry}  \usepackage{url}  \usepackage{subfig} \captionsetup[subfloat]{position = top, font = large} \usepackage{float}  \usepackage[dvipsnames]{xcolor} \usepackage{hyperref} \usepackage{cite} \usepackage{etoolbox} \usepackage{cleveref} \usepackage{lscape}  \hypersetup{   colorlinks,   citecolor=Violet,   linkcolor=Red,   urlcolor=Blue}


SPICE modelling of microwave cavities using a circuit

Hi I am new to SPICE and after doing some research into the spice software, I need some help understanding which type and how to model microwave cavities in SPICE. I want to model a microwave cavity in SPICE, however I will need to use an equivalent structure, can I just use an LC circuit to do this ?. The microwave resonator I am trying to model is just the cavity used in labs.


Lightning -> Parent component retreive values from child components

Currently I'm struggling with such problem. I want to decompose complex component into 3 parts. The main reason is to separate long blocks of code. Therefore I need a way for parent component to access child component attribute values.   Is there any way to do it? Additionally do you know a good place to look for some tips on communication between components?  Example:  PARENT COMPONENT  <aura:component controller="LC01_MultiCriteriaSearch">    <c:LC01_MultiCriteriaSearch_Scope/>    <c:LC01_MultiCriteriaSearch_Criteria/>    <c:LC01_MultiCriteriaSearch_NestedCriteria/>    ... </aura:component>   SCOPE COMPONENT  <aura:component controller="LC01_MultiCriteriaSearch">   <aura:attribute name="scope" type="String"/>   ... </aura:component>   CRITERIA COMPONENT  <aura:component controller="LC01_MultiCriteriaSearch">   <aura:attribute name="criteria" type="String"/>   ... </aura:component>   NESTED CRITERIA COMPONENT  <aura:component controller="LC01_MultiCriteriaSearch">   <aura:attribute name="nestedCriteria" type="String"/>   ... </aura:component>   So here -> in parent component I'd like to access scope attribute from scope component, cirteria from cirteria and nested criteria from nested criteria comonent.


Javascript: Internal array is not reset to outer objects

How do I grant access to inner properties of objects in the right way? This is what does break my application:  I have an object that handles an array (simplified here):  function ListManager() {     var list = [],         add = function (element) {             list.push(element);         },         clear = function () {             list = [];         };      return {         add: add,         clear: clear,         list : list     }; };   But I get this when using it:  var manager = new ListManager(); manager.add("something"); manager.clear(); console.log(manager.list.length); // <= outputs "1"!   Stepping through the code shows, that within the clear method, list becomes a new array. But from outside the ListManager the list ist not cleared.  What am I doing wrong?


What is the difference between ./script and . ./script?

Possible Duplicate:          I was trying to figure out how to export my environmental via script instead of changing my .bashrc file.   I found  that said:     Variables can only be exported to subordinate processes, you can't   pass them back up to the parent. If you really want your script to   affect the parent shell's environment, run the script as  . ./yourprogram    I just want to know what the difference is between . ./script and ./script?  When I look at it, they booth mean to me, run the script from the current directory?


Accuracy score or AUC extracted from Gradient Boosting Classifier of scikit-learn?

I'm working on developing a predictive model for a binary classification problem related to biomedical applications (need a really high and promising accuracy). I'm training on my training dataset and choose the hyperparameters (n_estimators,learning_rate,etc.) with cross validation. My model by using training dataset shows 0.98 AUC and accuracy score of 0.880 from score function. I got a test dataset based on a published paper and use their test dataset to examine my model's accuracy. My model shows 0.73 AUC on their test dataset (in the article authors show 0.84 AUC for their test dataset) and 0.800 from score function on their test dataset (in the article authors show 0.76 accuracy score on their test dataset). By the way, authors used SVM instead of GBM to extract these results. Basically I could summarize my results as:  Training dataset: 0.98 AUC and 0.880 accuracy score  Test dataset: 0.73 AUC and 0.800 accuracy score (authors have 0.84 AUC and 0.76 accuracy score for test dataset)  My question is that: Can I sell my higher accuracy score in comparison on test dataset (0.800 > 0.76) despite my lower AUC? I appreciate any insight or suggestion or recommendation.


How to track footage that goes in a circular motion?

I've been trying to track the game footage in the link below I tried tracking everything myself, and the detect new features method when some tracks are starting to disappear, the lowest I got was a solve error of 17 with both methods...  It's probably because of the obstructions, but those are important for my scene. So I tracked different things before and after the obstructions and joined the tracks, also didn't work. Since the camera goes in a circular motion, there's no track that stays during the entire clip. What I'm trying to do is put a robot in the middle and the camera goes around it (I also put bottles on that spot on the ground for more tracking information) I also uploaded some pictures to get an idea how I tracked it.


How much of 32-bit support is dropped in macOS Catalina?

macOS Catalina is said to have dropped support for 32-bit apps. It’s not clear how much support is dropped.   Is there any supported way for a 64-bit app to request the kernel to create a 32-bit code segment?


Does the Necromancer from "The Hobbit" have anything to do with the Dark Lord Sauron?

I finished reading The Hobbit around a week or so ago, and given how ominously the Necromancer was mentioned, I was sure he was being set up to be the main villain (or somebody very important to the plot). I've read up to the part where Gandalf's telling a now 50-year-old Frodo about the lore of Bilbo's ring, and he keeps talking about the Dark Lord Sauron. Do we know what happened to the Necromancer? Additionally, are there any extra books that go into detail about who the Necromancer is and what evil things he did during his time as an evil tyrant?


How to use Gnome's extensions (silent installation failure)

I tried asking this in the Unix & Linux stackexchange, but this may be a better place.  I have been trying to install some Gnome extensions from the site https://extensions.gnome.org. I get the dialogue asking if I want to install, but after I select yes, it fails silently. This is the behavior using either Firefox or Chromium. I have checked to make sure the Gnome Shell Integration plugin is installed and enabled for both Chromium and Firefox.  My operating system in Ubuntu 12.10, and my version of Gnome is 3.6.3.1. I have made sure (using sudo apt-get update) that everything is up-to-date. I have tried restarting, but to no avail. What am I doing wrong, and how do I fix this (or what is a good workaround)?  NOTE: I have the gnome-tweak-tool installed, and it does not show any extensions as installed. There is nothing happening after I confirm that I want to to download the extension.  EDIT: Extensions are now working. I do not know why. Maybe it was restarting. I will mark the below answer as accepted because it gives good information that may help others. I would suggested to anyone in my position just making sure everything is up-to-date, restarting, and then checking every so often to see if it is working.


I have a Windows 8.1 preview PC. I am trying to install Ubuntu through USB drive. But no luck. Does anyone succeeded?  More info: My PC came with windows 8 pre-installed. In that version I was able to install Ubuntu. Now I installed Windows8.1 preview after doing that I am unable to install any version of Ubuntu. It just loads from USB and running from USB. When I select install, it just reboots and loading from USB and not installing anything.


$\forall a[P(a)\implies Q(a)]\wedge \forall a[Q(a)\implies P(a)]\stackrel{?}{\equiv} \forall a[[P(a)\implies Q(a)]\wedge [Q(a)\implies P(a)]]$

I'm reading: Devlin's Joy of Sets.  He gives the definition of the axiom of extensionality:        The definition of subset:        And then there is this exercise:        Rewriting it, I'd have:  \begin{eqnarray*}   {(x=y)}& \iff &{(x\subseteq y)\wedge (y\subseteq x)} \\    {}&\iff &{\forall a[a\in x\implies a\in y] \wedge \forall a[a\in y\implies a\in x]} \end{eqnarray*}  Are the following two expressions equivalent:  $$\forall a[a\in x\implies a\in y] \wedge \forall a[a\in y\implies a\in x] \\ \stackrel{?}{\equiv}\\ \forall a([a\in x\implies a\in y] \wedge [a\in y\implies a\in x])$$  Intuitively, I guess they are. But I'm not sure.


Use of algorithm within minipage gives error

I would like to adjust column width in algorithm below:    \usepackage{amsmath,amssymb} \usepackage[norelsize, linesnumbered, ruled, lined, commentsnumbered]{algorithm2e} \begin{document} %\begin{minipage}[t]{0.5\linewidth}  \begin{algorithm*}     \DontPrintSemicolon     \KwIn{This is a input lines.}     \KwOut{$n$ shadow images $S_1,S_2,\dots, S_n$. }      \For{$(i=0;i< M;i++)$}{         \For{$(j=0;j<\frac{N}{d};j++)$}{             Assign  $a_0,a_1,\dots,a_{k-1}$ as follows:\;         }     }     \caption{This is a long caption of the algorithm. So I need to break this long line into small multiple lines.} \label{Alg:1} \end{algorithm*} %\end{minipage}  \end{document}   Unfortunately whenever I am going to use minipage, occurs error. I can I fix this?


How do I calculate the power consumption when my circuit draws AC and DC current and I only have a cheap DMM? (Joule Thief)

:)      So. How do I correctly calculate the power consumption of this circuit? :) I don't have an oscilloscope or an DMM that measures I. My DMM is an Extech EX330, which is quite good for it's price.    Here are the measurements: It is drawing 9.21 mA DC and 6.48 mA AC in series with the battery. It shows 1.364 VDC and 0.010 VAC in parallel with the battery. Output on the LED is 2.572 VDC and 0.011 VAC with no measurable frequency. (with my DMM at least) All measurements are taken with the same configuration and voltage  . Please note that I put 20.000 µF electrolytic, a bit metal film and a tiny ceramic capacitor in parallel with the LED (for no particular reason. just more smoothing) while measuring the above stated data points! Also, I switched both 3-pin TO22 dual schottky-diode packages, of which I bridged pin 1 and 3 to put diodes in parallel, (shown as weird schottky-diode things in the schematic) with regular 1N4007 diodes, because they work more efficient for some weird reason. (Reverse leakage current in the schottky packages maybe?? BTW, does it get worse when two are in parallel?)    Sorry I couldn't update the schematic, but thank you for your help! :)    . . Why is it different from the other question, you ask? My two questions of the same kind were ignored in the other thread. Also it is totally different question. So keep it, please.


Why should we pass args as args and not "*args"?

As I'm reading the Django documentation, I see this in the example:  from django.db import models  class HandField(models.Field):      description = "A hand of cards (bridge style)"      def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):         kwargs['max_length'] = 104         super(HandField, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)   I dont understand why the call to super is:  super(HandField, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)   whereas (coming from C programming) I thought it should be:  super(HandField, self).__init__(args, kwargs)   How comes?  Yes. And I'm not asking what mean "*" and "**" (link marked as a duplicate), I'm asking why it's not re-sent without the star = why it's re-sent to parent with the stars, which means to me: "dictionary of a dictionary". And my question is different from the duplicate link, and the duplicate link doesnt answer to my question.


Complex numbers - Exponential numbers - Proof

Let $z$ be a complex number, and let $n$ be a positive integer such that $z^n = (z + 1)^n = 1$. Prove that $n$ is divisible by 6.  For this problem I am stumped...how should I begin? Also there's a hint for it:  From $z^n = 1$, prove that $|z| = 1$. What does the equation $(z + 1)^n = 1$ tell you? What do the resulting equations tell you about $z$?  Could someone give me a hint on where to begin? thanks in advance


I have an office with about 100 or so users. I have to bring new laptops up by fresh installing office every so often (2-3 a week) and it seems silly to me that I have to download them fresh each time  Is there a way I can cache them locally ( I have 3 windows server 2012 r2 servers but I don't see any roles that look like they apply to this)


Getting pixel values at single point using rasterio

To get a single pixel value at a point in a raster using rasterio, there is an example here:   However, is there a direct API within rasterio (and not the cli) which can be used to extract value at a single point in a raster?  -- EDIT  with rasterio.drivers():      # Read raster bands directly to Numpy arrays.     #     with rasterio.open('C:\\Users\\rit\\38ERP.tif') as src:         x = (src.bounds.left + src.bounds.right) / 2.0         y = (src.bounds.bottom + src.bounds.top) / 2.0          vals = src.sample((x, y))         for val in vals:             print list(val)


Should you use “it” or “they” when referencing a group of people?

Should you use it or they when referencing a group of people?  Here is the example sentence:     A group of students was walking on the road when a truck hit them/it and it/they was/were immediately admitted to hospital.   Could native speakers and grammarians please answer this question? For me, it should be used because I am taking about the group as whole, and the group is one thing not many things.


Trying to get session id in a batch/queueable apex

I have tried both the below approaches, but still I see only "SESSION_ID_REMOVED" in the debug statements. When I schedule the batch from Developer console, I am getting the "SESSION_ID_REMOVED" in the debug statements.  Can anyone please let me know what was wrong with the below approaches and a potential solution.  Appreciate your help..  Approach 1:  global class BAT_Agreement implements  Schedulable {     private String sessionId;     global BAT_Agreement(String sessionId ) {         this.sessionId = sessionId;       }      global void execute(SchedulableContext sc) {         String newsessionId = Page.SessionIDHack.getContent().toString();         System.debug('newsessionId==>' + newsessionId ); // Printed as "SESSION_ID_REMOVED"         System.debug('sessionId==>' + sessionId ); // Printed as "SESSION_ID_REMOVED"             } }  String sch = '0 56 19 * * ?'; String jobID = System.schedule('MOVE AGREEMENT', sch, new BAT_Agreement((UserInfo.getSessionId())));   Approach 2:  public class QueueAgreement implements Queueable , Database.AllowsCallouts{    private String sessionId = null;      public void execute(QueueableContext context) {     sessionId = Page.SessionIDHack.getContent().toString();           System.debug('sessionId==>' + sessionId); // Printed as "SESSION_ID_REMOVED"        } }  QueueAgreement job = new QueueAgreement() ; System.enqueueJob(job);   VF page:  <apex:page contentType="text/plain" >{!$Api.Session_Id}</apex:page>


**Working in Thailand,having B1/B2 visa on my passport.  Can an employer take employees passport to the US embassy and get employees visa cancelled? or  Can my employer send someone else on my behalf with my passport to get my visa cancelled? The employer cannot or can take an employees passport to the embassy to get the visa cancelled with or without employees permission?**


I'm working on the Trailhead "using Date and Date/ time formulas" I believe that I have the formula right but I get the error

This is my error. Challenge Not yet complete... here's what's wrong:  The 'Day_of_the_Week__c' is not reporting the correct day of the week (Monday, Tuesday, etc.)  I see from some other threads that the problem is how Salesforce is reading the timezones. I've switched time zones in my dev org, but am unable to pass this exercise. My formula is working on Contacts. My formula is the same as others that say they have passed, and syntex is right. Does anyone know if there is another way around this?


Upshot, as defined, is only a result, good or bad. However, I seem to have heard it only in connection with a positive outcome. Is this true? Does "upshot" have a positive connotation attached?


How to get average value every hour in a day


Consider the upper half plane model of the hyperbolic space ($\mathbb{H}$ with the riemannian metric $g=\frac{dx^2+dy^2}{y^2}$). It is known that $(\mathbb{H},g)$ is geodesically complete, which means that no geodesic can reach the border $\partial \mathbb{H}$ in a finite time.   Why is that?  Of course if I consider particular geodesics such as $t\mapsto (0,e^{-t})$ this is true, but I can't figure out a general proof for this fact which doesn't rely on the particular form of the geodesic considered. My intuition is that it must depend on the fact that, as a geodesic approaches the border, the denominator of $g$ goes to $0$. Can you point me out an explanatory proof which shows that the length of a hyperbolic geodesic which goes to the border can't be finite?    EDIT: Thank you so much for the answers, I realized I didn't make myself clear. What I mean is: is there a way to prove directly for any hyperbolic geodesic (using the fact that $g$ has $y^2$ at the denominator) that its length is infinite?


What is a formula for calculate muscle strength for the size?

I was curious by the world record for locomotion of animal. Fastest, Longest, Highest, and many kind of similar records  Because sometimes it use raw number such as speed of Cheetah as fastest animal. And sometimes it use body scale proportion like flea jumping longest  Which, I also have heard that, muscle will have more power in smaller size. That made small creature like flea have far more advantage  So tobe really fair record. I think it should calculate for compensate that, if all animal really scale into the same size, how muscle strength will be scaled into that size  If flea was really scaled up into the same size as hare (If I recalled hare has record holding for highest jump?), flea muscle strength should really drop dramastically. But now who will win the longest jump competition?  So I want that formula to scale the record of animal. For I can find the best mechanic of body plan. Is there a formula like that?


For Delphi compilers from XE2 through to XE8, for non-windows target platforms, is the read operation of an integer data member, annotated with [Volatile], atomic?  I know for the case of windows platform, it is atomic if and only if the data member is aligned to 4 bytes, but what about non-windows (Android etc.)?  Please note, I am not asking about thread-safety. Thread-safety and atomicity are two different things.


How to generate wave line patterns in illustrator

I have tried using the blend tool and the envelope warp tool. but I don't think you are able to make the twisting line pattern line the first one below.   Any suggestions ?


How are these AES MixColumn multiplication tables calculated?

I'm using the mul2, mul3, mul9, mul11, mul13 and mul14 tables for the MixColumn and InvMixColumn steps in AES-128. However, I got these off some Github repository, and now I'm looking for an actual source explaining how these were calculated and so on.  I cannot find anything proper on Google, can anyone help me out?