How to edit a file in python without a temporary sacrificial file?

I have a script that opens a csv file, applies a substitution and then writes out to a new file then deletes the old one.  with open('file-presub.csv', 'r') as reader, open('file-postsub.csv','w') as writer:     for row in reader:         row = re.sub('(\+*,[^,]*,[^,]*,[^,]*,\ 0)', ' (Core)\\g<1>', row)         writer.write(row)  os.remove("file-presub.csv")   Is there any way I can make it so I just edit the file-presub.csv and write it out with the same filename instead of making a second file and deleting the original? I'd like to avoid importing OS just for this one line.  Of course if it's not possible I'm able to import OS, just asking if it's possible at all.


How do I figure out what version of Ubuntu I have?  Is there a command I can use in terminal?  Thank you for any help.  I am an extreme newbie.


For testing the visual appearance of a website the use of tools like selenium (functional surface test) is not sufficient because it doesn´t check the visual appearance and/or the CSS-Code directly. Different approaches are possible   Defining style guides Syntax checking of CSS and HTML DOM comparison Screenshot comparison   How do you check the visual appearance of websites from a web-application?   I implemented a screenshot comparison tool in Java. Screenshots are generated by a framework based on selenium. I started with pixel by pixel comparison. Actually I split the screenshot into different parts (maybe 10x10 rectangles) and compare the histograms of corresponding parts. For the future I want to determine relevant parts (regions of interest) automatically. Maybe someone has ideas how to do that.


Always get the last number from a dynamic string in php

I have some code that is selecting a log entry (in a loop) to get the most recent inventory quantities of an item. I would like a way to always get the last occurrence of an integer in a string that will look slightly different on each iteration through the loop:  Inventory changed from 13 to 12 Inventory changed from 12 to 11 Inventory changed from 11 to 10 Inventory changed from 10 to 9 Inventory changed from 9 to 8  For each of these strings, I'll always need to return the last number(s). So if I have "10 to 11" i'll need "11", or if I have "9 to 8" i'll need "8".    I've not found a way to do this that will account for the multitude of ways that those integers will show up in that string (i.e., changed from 123 to 153, 8 to 9, 0 to 1, etc.)    Any advice would be greatly appreciated.


Rasterize a shapefile with Geopandas or fiona - python

I need to rasterize a really simple shapefile a bit like this . Which is just a shapefile coutaining counties in the US.I have seen this previous answer :  but I was wondering if there is a way to do it using Geopandas or fiona and maybe rasterio for the tiff writing part.  So my goal is to rasterize it and assign a value to every polygon sharing a comon value, LSAD in the exempe.   So I wrote the beginning of the code inspired by shongololo in the thread : .  from geopandas import GeoDataFrame  name_in = 'cb_2013_us_county_20m.shp'  #Open the file with geopandas counties = GeoDataFrame.from_file(name_in)  #Add a column to the Geodataframe containing the new value for i in range (len(counties)):     LSAD = counties.at[i,'LSAD']     if LSAD == 00 :         counties['LSAD_NUM'] == 'A'     elif LSAD == 03 :         counties['LSAD_NUM'] == 'B'     elif LSAD == 04 :         counties['LSAD_NUM'] == 'C'     elif LSAD == 05 :         counties['LSAD_NUM'] == 'D'     elif LSAD == 06 :         counties['LSAD_NUM'] == 'E'     elif LSAD == 13 :         counties['LSAD_NUM'] == 'F'     elif LSAD == 15 :         counties['LSAD_NUM'] == 'G'       elif LSAD == 25 :         counties['LSAD_NUM'] == 'I'               else :         counties['LSAD_NUM'] == 'NA'   Really easy stuff so now I am wondering how can I actually write those shapes to a tiff. I began working with Geopandas as I believed that was the best option but if you have an fiona suggestion I am up for it too.  I found a piece of code from rasterio which seems to be able to take a shapely geometry and burn it into a new raster   # I guess that my goal should be to load my list of geometries under geometry to be able to pass it to rasterio later on geometry = {'type':'Polygon','coordinates':[[(2,2),(2,4.25),(4.25,4.25),(4.25,2),(2,2)]]}  with rasterio.drivers():     result = rasterize([geometry], out_shape=(rows, cols))     with rasterio.open(             "test.tif",             'w',             driver='GTiff',             width=cols,             height=rows,             count=1,             dtype=numpy.uint8,             nodata=0,             transform=IDENTITY,             crs={'init': "EPSG:4326"}) as out:                  out.write_band(1, result.astype(numpy.uint8))


Any problem assigning one variable to another in shell without using quotes?

This question is about assigning the entire contents of one variable to another variable.  Variable is not being used (sent to echo, etc.)  No  is being done during the assignment.  My question also pertains only to POSIX shell (no arrays being used here).  error="You have an error in your input"  newVar="$error" # vs. newVar=$error #         ↑ #         └─This assignment is the question. It doesn't seem that quotes are #           needed here in order to assign the entire contents of $error to #           a new variable.  #                 ┌─(But quotes are required when they're used.) #                 ↓ printf "%s\n" "$error" # => You have an error in your input printf "%s\n" "$newVar" # => You have an error in your input   Are there any gotchas I'm missing in just writing newVar=$error?  Update:  Regardless of what's in $error, I want to know will that same data carry over into $newVar without throwing any errors or mangling the data.  $ error="Test * ${1} \n [!a] [[:punct:]] ./test \t \n \\" $ newVar=$error #       ↑ #       └─Does this step ever fail or cause the two variables to differ? $ echo "$error" Test *  \n [!a] [[:punct:]] ./test \t \n \ $ echo "$newVar" Test *  \n [!a] [[:punct:]] ./test \t \n \


Why do the people in MarvelVerse dislike X-Men more than other superheroes?

As ScreenJunkies snarkily wisely noted in "":     In the world where people cheer the Fantastic Four, Avengers, Spider-Man, those same people will inexplicably hate the X-Men.   Why is that so? AFAIK, all these superheroes exist in the same exact comic universe, yet X-Men seem to always be significantly more disliked.  The question is primarily about comics, but if X-Men movies are part of MCU, I will accept an answer from MCU as well, since after all it was inspired in second degree by the movies.


If $p_1,...,p_n$ are positive prime numbers then $\sqrt{p_1\cdots p_n} \notin \Bbb{Q}$

We want to proove that:      If $p_1,...,p_n$ are positive, distinct, prime numbers then   $\sqrt{p_1\cdots p_n} \notin \Bbb{Q}$.   Let's assume that $\sqrt{p_1\cdots p_n} \in \Bbb{Q}$. Then, $\exists (a,b)\in \mathbb{Z^*\times Z^*}:\sqrt{p_1\cdots p_n}=\frac{a}{b}$ with $\gcd (a,b)=1.$ So, $a^2=p_1\cdots p_n \cdot b^2. $ But how do we continue? Is this technique right or should we follow something different?  PS: This is a part  proof, and I would like to discuss it.  Thank you.


Why was Voldemort unable to make the Sword of Gryffindor a Horcrux?

Tom Riddle's goal is to to make a horcrux from each house owner's belongings. He is successful in making a horcrux from three of the owners' items. Why isn't he successful in making the Sword of Gryffindor a horcrux?     “I can only guess,” said Dumbledore. “For the reasons I have already   given, I believe that Lord Voldemort would prefer objects that, in   themselves, have a certain grandeur. I have therefore trawled back   through Voldemort’s past to see if I can find evidence that such   artifacts have disappeared around him.”      “The locket!” said Harry loudly. “Hufflepuff’s cup!”      “Yes,” said Dumbledore, smiling, “I would be prepared to bet — perhaps   not my other hand — but a couple of fingers, that they became   Horcruxes three and four. The remaining two, assuming again that he   created a total of six, are more of a problem, but I will hazard a   guess that, having secured objects from Hufflepuff and Slytherin, he   set out to track down objects owned by Gryffindor or Ravenclaw. Four   objects from the four founders would, I am sure, have exerted a   powerful pull over Voldemort’s imagination. I cannot answer for   whether he ever managed to find anything of Ravenclaw’s. I am   confident, however, that the only known relic of Gryffindor remains   safe.”   Canon information from Pottermore, or the HP wikia, is acceptable.


How do you describe bits of hay floating in the air?

I need to describe bits of hay puffing into the air from a rusty ute when it comes to a stop. Not sure how to describe it.


How does the Savant interact with the Mystic Theurge?

A character in a game I am running wants to use the prestige class mystic theurge (Dungeon Master's Guide) to advance the caster level of his savant. The savant base class (Dragon Compendium) gains a kind of spellcasting progression starting at 5th level - the character gains arcane spells - and by level 10 acquires the ability to cast divine spells as well. By 12th level, the savant would have access to 3rd level arcane spells and 2nd level divine spells. At this level, the savant possesses the necessary skill ranks and the spellcasting requirements for the mystic theurge prestige class. However, can a savant even benefit from the mystic theurge? The player of the savant claims that the mystic theurge progression will elevate his caster level; since savants have a caster level equal to one-half their savant level, a character who progresses savant 12/mystic theurge 8 will have a caster level of 14 (instead of the caster level 10 that a savant 20 would have). ... I am less sure that the mystic theurge interacts this way with the savant - indeed, I am unsure if the mystic theurge can even interact with the savant at all! The savant has no "spellcasting" class feature for the theurge to advance... More controversially, the player also claims that the mystic theurge progression would double advance his savant spellcasting progression. Since the savant is both the arcane and divine spellcasting class, each level of mystic theurge would give him two levels of progression with his spellcasting in the savant class - which would rapidly run him out of spell progression, if the theurge can in fact do such. My questions are:  Can the savant base class benefit from the mystic theurge in any way? Either by increasing the caster level or advancing the spellcasting progression of the savant, or, in some other way the player or myself haven't thought of?  Does the savant truly qualify for the mystic theurge? While I am confident that the answer to this second question is probably a yes, I'd prefer it if there were a valid reason to disqualify the savant from the mystic theurge other than just GM fiat.


In Inkscape, what's to quickest way to combine an object's stroke and fill to an unstroked object?

I'm using fat, rounded strokes to create objects with rounded corners. I've been combining, using Union, an unstroked version of my object with the results of 'Stroke to Path' but it seems like there must be a quicker way. What's the most direct way to go from A to B?  EDIT: Sorry, forgot to mention this question applies to Inkscape.


In the opening scenes of Infinity War, Thanos and the Black Order     have killed basically everyone aboard the Asgardian ship, which amounts to everyone who escaped the destruction of Asgard itself at the end of Thor: Ragnarok.  After this, Thanos destroys the whole ship using the Power Stone.  The end result is that Thor is picked up as the only survivor, by the Guardians of the Galaxy.   Of course, we learned during Thor: Ragnarok that not all Asgardians are necessarily on Asgard (Valkyrie was living on Sakaar, after all).  Do we have any indication that there are any other such Asgardians anywhere else in the MCU at the current time, or is Thor now officially (or at least "as far as we know") the last of the Asgardian race?  I'd prefer an official confirmation if one exists anywhere.


How do I safely eject or unplug an iPad, iPhone, or iPod when iTunes is not running?

When I connect one of my many iOS devices to a computer for synchronization purposes, I have iTunes running. In the iTunes left-hand area, I see an eject button to the right of the device's name. I always use "eject" after a successful sync, before unplugging the device cable.  I'm presuming this is meant to be similar to Windows' "USB Device Safe Removal" feature (though iOS devices don't appear to show up there?) .. or when I choose "Eject" from the context menu of a USB-connected disk on my Mac's desktop.  Yet, sometimes I'm connecting my iOS device to a computer without having iTunes running.  For instance, when using the device for USB-based "Personal Hotspot" connections, I don't need iTunes running.  My questions are:   Is there a need to safely indicate removal of an iOS device from a computer, prior to removing the device cable? If yes, must I fire up iTunes simply to access the "eject" button, or is there another easily accessible mechanism available?   I use both PCs and Macs so answers covering the two are appreciated. Good answers will also provide definitive supporting references.  Thanks!


If $A = \int_Xf\ d\mu$, then $\sqrt{1+A^2} \ \le \ \int_x\sqrt{x+f^2}\ d\mu \ \le \ 1+A $

Suppose $(X,M,\mu)$ is a measue space with $\mu(X)=1$ and $f:X\rightarrow[0,\infty)$ is measureble. Let $$A = \int_Xf\ d\mu$$  Show that  $$ \sqrt{1+A^2} \ \le \  \int_X\sqrt{x+f^2}\ d\mu \ \le \ 1+A $$  The first equality seems obvious but I don't know how to officially prove and I'm completely stuck with the second equality. Any help would be appreciated!


I'm brewing my very first batch with an actual kit (I've used Mr. Beer before with decent results and wanted to do it right).   I bought a recipe kit from Northern Brewer and I opted for the Cooper's Carbonation drops. But I see no one mention them here - or pretty much anywhere else.   The beer (the XPA recipe) is on week 2 of fermentation and seems to be progressing nicely - the fermentation seems to have mostly stopped after being very robust.  I've ordered another kit from Northern Brewer with the regular priming sugar. It'll be here before bottling. Should I use the priming sugar or the carbonation drops? In a related question, I'll be bottling in different sized bottles (12, 16 and 22 oz.) The instructions call for 1 drop per 375 ml and 2 for 750 - what would I use for the 16 oz??


How to factory reset without data loss and undue pain?

I ran into a serious SMS bug, which knowledgeable users seem to be saying means the SMS message database is corrupt (, ).  This is consistent with my current experience.  In my case I lost all ~1000 messages and still have some issues after that.  So I want to factory reset my phone.  While I have not rooted my phone, I have performed significant customization, and have somewhere around 150 apps installed, including a few paid apps (UltimateJuice, ...).  What things do I need to explicitly backup?  What can I do to minimize the pain?  I don't care about save points in games.  Surprisingly, I cannot find any good documentation of this using any obvious Google search terms.  (I am aware of , which doesn't really offer an answer to my question.)  For Google cloud things such as contacts, do I need to backup the cloud version just in case, so the phone doesn't wipe them from the cloud?  Fortunately, most of my personal notes are stored in cloud applications like Catch and Evernote.  I presume these should be unaffected.         As far as I can tell the BackupMySettings option is not available for my phone (Samsung Epic running 2.1).  My paid apps come back from Market anyway, right?  I guess I could pay $4 for MyBackupPro if it really made things simpler, but there would need to be some way to NOT backup the corrupted SMS database files.  Also I am assuming carrier-bundled apps such as Swype will automatically work.    P.S.  I have Marigold Android Backup and backed up to the SD card (except SMS/MMS).  I also have mIQ but I'm not sure I trust that to do a restore.  Factory resetting the phone will not affect the SD card, correct?  P.P.S.  I have AppBrain.  Is that automatically remembering all apps I have on the phone, so it will suggest installing all of them if I just install AppBrain?  Or will it only do that for apps installed through AppBrain?


Why does Rudin require $1\neq 0$ in order for a set to form a field?

The following comes from Baby Rudin:        Is there any special reason as to why Rudin makes $1\neq 0$ a requirement? I've seen he uses this fact in a few elementary proofs below, the only consequence of this is excluding the $\{0\}$ field, right?


This is the statuts of my hardisk , How can I clean  the boot partion to free some space


What's the difference between 'modeling' and 'modelling'?

Possible Duplicate:          If I am using the word model in the context of financial models and the UK, then which of these words should I use? Also, are there any key difference in the meanings of the two?


Why are heavy elements used in nuclear power plants?

I've seen that the energy produced by breaking an oxygen atom's nucleus is equivalent to burning a LOT of coal, 4.6 million metric tons if I remember correctly. (Crash Course Chemistry)  If that is the case, why do people mine for uranium and plutonium for nuclear power plants if lighter elements can produce a tremendous amount of energy? Why can't they use nitrogen, which is abundant in the atmosphere, instead of radioactive elements?


Flying from France to the UK with only ID card

Is it possible for me to fly from France to the UK with just an ID card ? If this is possible which airlines will allow you to fly with just an ID card ?


Python Max Function in Field Calculator for Date values

I have 4 fields with Date Time values, and created a new field (Date type as well) which takes the most recent date from these 4 fields. I have tried using the Max python in the field calculator to populate this new field, but it does not use the most recent date from these 4 fields. Does this function not work with Datetime values, or is there another function for this that I am not able to find on these forums.   max([!field1!, !field2!, !field3!, !field4!])   I am on 10.5.  When I have two fields that have a date within the same month, it will not read the rest of the date correctly. (See picture attached)    When I run the following updated code it fails and says it is a syntax error.      With the current code, it reads the first number in the day to select the most recent date. (As shown below). It does not use the correct chronological format, even though the strptime format worked previously.


In season two of Stargate there is an episode called "The Fifth Race" where Jack is implanted with Ancient knowledge that leads him to the Aguards. During this episode Captain Carter leads SG1 to a planet where they dial in to SGC to say a second, closer and hotter sun has risen and they will die if they stay there but they can not come back because the Dial Home Device (DHD) is shutting down half way through address and not establishing a wormhole. Because of Jack's ancient knowledge imprint he draws out schematics for the DHD and how to fix it. SGC dials SG1 and sends through the plans to fix it. They fix it and come home.  My question is; why the hell don't they come back when they established a wormhole to say "We can not establish a wormhole?" OR why not walk through the wormhole after SGC establish it to send them protective equipment or plans? I did not think that it was strictly I dial and only I can go through, if it is supposed to work like a telephone what's to say I can't dial you and you walk through to me??


What are the "strong" and "weak" in mathematics?

If $A→B$ is $A$ strong and $B$ weak? For instance, the "strong inequality" $5<6$ implies the "weak inequality" $5≤6$. Is there anything more to it than that? I've seen the terms "stronger/weaker condition" or "stronger/weaker tests" used a few times. But I'm not sure if what I understand is entirely correct.


Fields that lend themselves to variational principles?

In physics, we often describe the dynamic properties of fields using variational principles like defining an action or a Lagrangian. A field however is simply some function of space $\phi(x)$ so I wonder what kind of properties the dynamics must follow to lend itself to description by an action principle? For example, can all dynamics that are continuous be described by some specific action? Just want to get an idea of the restrictions.


I have a div with Gb/F# as id.  For example, and I'd like to make it visible/hidden using jQuery in this way:    var string= "Gb/F#" $("#"+ string).css("visibility", "visible");     But I got error because of that # in the id. How can I solve my problem? I can't even solve the problem in the css file to declare the div characteristics.


Please help me to prove this inequality $$\frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{3} + \dots + \frac{1}{n} < \ln n < 1 + \frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{3} + \dots + \frac{1}{n - 1}$$


Let's say in the exponential distribution, the cdf if $$f(x|\lambda)=\frac{1}{\lambda}\exp\left\{-\frac{x}{\lambda}\right\}$$ If we have $n$ observations: $X_1, X_2, \cdots, X_n$. Then we know since it belongs to the exponential family we have the UMVUE for $\lambda$ is $$T({\bf X})=\sum^n_{i=1}X_i$$ And $$E(T)=E\left(\sum^n_{i=1}X_i\right)=\sum^n_{i=1}E(X_i)=n\lambda$$ Then  $$\hat{\lambda}_{UMVUE}=\frac{T}{n}=\bar{X}$$ Then, what if we want to find the UMVUE of $\frac{1}{\lambda}$?


I can probably write a shell script to find files only, then pass the list to tar, but I am wondering whether there already is a built-in feature in tar that allows doing just that, in a single command line?  For example, I found the --no-recursion switch, but when I do:  tar --no-recursion -cvf mydir.tar mydir   It only archives the names of the entries in the directory (including subdirectories!), but it doesn't archive any files.  I also tried:   tar --no-recursion -cvf mydir.tar mydir/*   But while it archives files only, it also archives the names of the subdirectories.  Is there a way to tell tar files only, no directories?


How to ensure the function return consistent floating point values in C/C++?

How to enure the function return consistent floating point values in C/C++?  I mean: if a and b are of floating point type, if I wrote a polynomial function (which takes floating point argument and returns floating point results), lets call it polyfun(), do the compiler can ensure that:  if a==b, then polyfun(a)==polyfun(b), which means the order of maths ops/rounding up are consistent at runtime?


Dependency errors for avro on Ubuntu 18.10, "Temporary failure resolving" for sudo apt update

In 18.10, When I try to install some packges it shows Some files can not be fetched and for solving this when I try to install synaptic with terminal sudo apt-get install synaptic it returns  avro : Depends: libibus-1.0-dev but it is not going to be installed         Depends: ibus-clutter but it is not going to be installed         Depends: ibus-qt4 but it is not going to be installed  synaptic : Depends: libept1.5.0 but it is not going to be installed             Recommends: libgtk2-perl (>= 1:1.130) but it is not going to be installed             Recommends: rarian-compat but it is not going to be installed E: Unmet dependencies. Try 'apt --fix-broken install' with no packages (or specify a solution).   These all. Trying sudo apt --fix-broken install ends up with:  Some files can't be fetched   How this problem can be solved?   The output of sudo apt-get upgrade:  Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree        Reading state information... Done You might want to run 'apt --fix-broken install' to correct these. The following packages have unmet dependencies:  avro : Depends: libibus-1.0-dev but it is not installed         Depends: ibus-clutter but it is not installed         Depends: ibus-qt4 but it is not installed E: Unmet dependencies. Try 'apt --fix-broken install' with no packages (or specify a solution).   The output of sudo apt update:  Err:1 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu cosmic-security InRelease              Temporary failure resolving 'security.ubuntu.com' Err:2 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu cosmic InRelease                     Temporary failure resolving 'us.archive.ubuntu.com' Get:3 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu cosmic-updates InRelease [83.2 kB] Get:4 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu cosmic-backports InRelease [74.6 kB] Fetched 158 kB in 18s (8,857 B/s)   Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree        Reading state information... Done 169 packages can be upgraded. Run 'apt list --upgradable' to see them. W: Failed to fetch http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/cosmic/InRelease  Temporary failure resolving 'us.archive.ubuntu.com' W: Failed to fetch http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/cosmic-security/InRelease  Temporary failure resolving 'security.ubuntu.com' W: Some index files failed to download. They have been ignored, or old ones used instead.   it's a problem with broken packages fact.


I download with Firefox (in the section Information-->View Page Information-->Media) a picture without extension (I attach it). How can I open it? I tried with windows picture viewer and with Chrome. The last give a page which is full of codes.    Thank you in advance.


There's a difference between hot/neutral AC lines in a plug, but does it matter?

Saw the good answer to this question:   But I'm wondering as a followup, since the two primary prongs in an AC mains plug are different, why (in many plug configurations) are you allowed to insert the plug in either direction? Is there ever a case where the appliance cares which line is "hot" and which is "neutral"? Is there ever a case where it's important enough not to screw up?


Evaluating Classification Models with Class Probabilities

I'm curious to see if there are any useful metrics to evaluate classification models using numeric probabilities.  Traditionally, I would train a classification model, generate factor predictions on the test set, and use a confusion matrix or ROC curve to decide on the best models. However, in this instance, I'm interested in doing model evaluation from looking at the numeric probablities.  Update  An example of what I'm talking about is this: I fit a multiple models and have it predict classes on the test set. Usually I can create a confusion matrix  Model 1       Yes  No   Yes  10   5  No    2  13    Model 2       Yes  No   Yes   3  11  No    8   8   From the confusion matrix, I can clearly tell that model 1 is more accurate than model 2.  How would I evaluate two models if I have them give me numeric probablities instead, for instance:  Model-1 Preds    Model-2 Preds     Test Set      .59               .25             No     .14               .08             No       .                 .              .       .                 .              .       .                 .              .     .33               .29            Yes     I have thoughts of discretizing them or converting the yes and no's into 1 and 0's and calculating the residuals. Just wanted to know if there are more formal best practices to use in this case.


Is there a way to virtualize Mac OSX in Windows?

Possible Duplicate:        I have heard rumors that there is a way to run Mac OSX Server in a Virtual Machine in windows.  I know this is not exactly Legal. I want to do this to try out what it is like to develop applications for the iPhone but without the huge investment of buying a MAC.


I have two tables in an article written by somebody else which compiles fine with TeXLive 2013, but after an upgrade to the 2015 version xelatex hangs at them. Pressing enter the file still compiles and looks fine on first view, just I'm wondering what the d option is/was, if I can just delete it, or if I would be missing something. The table environment starts \begin{table}[htdp]. If I get it right, h means to place it where it has been defined, t means the top of the page, p means that it should have a page of its own (which the second table, 15 rows long, doesn't have), but so far I didn't find a d option of floats.


I am somewhat new to python and I am trying to automate my database systems. Is there a way to have python send commands to a macbook terminal. Specifically I want to send this command to the terminal to backup the database. Thanks in advance backup.pg_dump --file  "/Users/john/Dropbox/__Mag_bus/backups/analyze_stats_critical_files_only_2020-10-  21.dump" --host "localhost" --port "5432" --username "john" --no-password --verbose --  format=c --blobs --table  "__magazine_cover_prices" --table "__prospects" --table   "__recommender_crosses" --table "__pricing_options" "analyze_stats"


How to select players who are not two specific players in Minecraft?

Say I want to have a command that applies to everyone on a server except 2 people. Is there a target selector for that?


This is a general question I had in years. When we want to declare possession, we use the apostrophe and the s.  For example: Bayern's best goalkeeper is Oliver Kahn.  What about the words that end with an s though? If I put the trailing s there, it doesn't sound nice to me.    If you have a better title in mind, please let me know.


Is anyone else afraid to ask questions due to overzealous down voting and duplicate-marking?

I find myself often wanting to ask a question on StackOverflow (mainly) and then stopping myself for fear of overzealous policing.  People seem to feel some sort of pride in down voting, and running off into the proverbial night, with nary a comment to explain their down vote.  Does anyone else feel this fear?  Also, does anyone else feel it's a bit unfair that questions asked in like, 2008, like "How do I add an underline in CSS" have like, 250 upvotes?  I feel like the highest reputation users are entrenched in their "class" because all the "easy" questions have been asked, answered and upvoted.


Show that a list of polynomials is a basis of the subspace _U_ of $P_3$(R)

The question is: Show that 1, $(x - 5)^2$, $(x-5)^3$ is a basis of the subspace U of $P_3(R)$ defined by U = {p ∈ $P_3(R)$ : p'(5) = 0}.  My questions/confusions will be distinguished by bolding the font. I've found this question posted on here before, but my specific confusions are different; and the answers weren't totally satisfactory. Any help would be appreciated.  I see that it is a linearly independent set simply because you can't write any of the polynomials in terms of one another; however, the solution is kind of confusing. The solution says that the list's linear independence is clear, so it's easy to tell that dim U ≥ 3. Question 1: Why should it be apparent that the dimension is ≥ 3 at this point? Since we know it's linearly independent, I thought about establishing the span, to see if every element in U can be written in terms of them, but I don't know how to establish that every vector in U can be written as a linear combo of them.  Further, the solution says that the dim U ≤$P_3(R)$ = 4. However, dim U cannot be 4 because otherwise when we extend a basis of U to $P_3(R)$, we would get a list with a length of greater than 4. Can the bolded also be explained/shown to me? Intuitively, it makes sense that the subspace doesn't have all of the vectors in $P_3(R)$, due to the p'(5) = 0 restriction. I just can't wrap my head around that statement.


undefined references in the shared object dependent on static library

I am trying to build a shared object(libCalc.so) that depends on a static library(libMath.a)  Static libary is built using  g++ -c math.cpp -Wall -fPIC ar rcs libMath.a *.o  Shared object is built using  g++ libCalc.cpp -std=c++0x -Wall -g -fPIC -c -o ./libCalc.o  g++ -shared -L/path/to/lMath/ -lMath -o libCalc.so libCalc.o  Both of them builds successfully, but after building the shared object when I run "nm" on the libCalc.so, I see some undefined references that are from the static library.  Shouldn't the symbols of libMath.a be defined in libCalc.so? Can someone please explain. How can I create libCalc.so with all the symbols from libMath.a  Thanks


Whenever I open firefox from terminal there is an error

Currently using 14.04 and whenever I open firefox from terminal this error message comes (of course it does open firefox and it works fine)  (process:7949): GLib-CRITICAL **: g_slice_set_config: assertion 'sys_page_size == 0' failed   What does it mean and how to rectify it?


How to distinguish "can" and "can't" pronunciation in American English?

I am  a student in China learning American English.  I have listened to some videos and found it hard to distinguish can from can’t.  I am looking for some advice that may help me.


How to force reboot an iPad when the iCloud overlay is covering up the whole screen?

I have an iPad 4th Gen that I could not have used for a few weeks already.  The iCloud overlay that says "you have not backed up for 35 weeks..." is covering up the whole screen, and the "OK" button is not responding at all.  If I press and hold the power button on the iPad for 5 seconds, the screen will show the "Slide and power off" widget, but the iCloud overlay is covering up the screen (transparently), and I cannot slide that power off widget at all to power off.  I think it was due to some race condition of the notifications / iCloud so that there is some error that prevents the iCloud overlay from closing and so I cannot do anything to the iPad.  It has been at least 8 weeks I can't use this iPad.  It was about 70% charged several weeks ago, and now it is down to 30%.  I set the screen to turn off automatically really quickly, so it is using power very slowly.  I was hoping to let the battery drain so that it will force itself to power down.  But there is still 30% and that means 4 more weeks or so.  I even tried to wrap the whole iPad around plastic bag first and then wrap aluminum foil around the whole thing, because in physics, it is said that the electromagnetic wave will not be able to pass through this way, and I was hoping to drain the iPad off power due to it trying hard to connect to WiFi.  But I did it for 24 hours already, and the power stayed at 30%.  One way might also be to put the iPad in the refrigerator, because I noticed that if it is an iPhone, during skiing, it became so cold that the battery dropped from 50% and to 20% and to power off in a few hours.  But I also don't want to damage the iPad if it is in really low temperature and the other reason is that it seems really stupid to power off the iPad by putting it into the fridge.  Is there a way to solve this?


How to get a sense of how busy is the server

I am not in IT infrastructure team. But I have a SQL database server. We are having this intermittent problem with Dynamics SL and everyone in the company sort of pointing the finger that the server is too busy, working too hard, ect2. I disagree with the assessment and would like to get some concrete data from the server to give to my co worker   I was thinking to capture batch request per second and presented the data.  My Question:   Do batch request per second the right approach to see how busy/overloaded/overworked the server is? if yes then how do I capture this?  do I have to keep SQL profiler open and save the data daily?  is there an automated way that allow me to capture some sort of metrics on how much request is hitting the server?  If batch request per second is not the right data, then what would be the right info to get? and how to get it?   thanks


Being an Australian I am accustomed to -t past tenses like learnt and spelt, so naturally I would write and say "earnt". However, when I wrote "earnt" in an email, Outlook underlined it as a misspelt word.  I did some further research and discovered that in all English dialects "earned" is used instead of "earnt". Why is this the case, and for how long has it been?  As mentioned in a similar question on this site, Wiktionary is the only online dictionary with an entry for "earnt".  NOTE: I checked for this same question on this site, but it only had what I already knew (the validity of the word). I would like to know why "earnt" is not a word.


Why do we use an before old lady and a before a one  eyed giant?


Right now I am practicing for AP Computer Science, right? (btw I am self-studying, so gaps in my learning may be large, be warned)  Here is the code that the question will talk about:      public void changer(String x, int y) {          x = x + "peace";          y = y * 2 ;     }     public void test() {          String s = "world";          int n = 6;          changer(s,n);          /*End of method*/     }   Now, at the point "End of method" String s SHOULD equal to "worldpeace" and int n SHOULD equal to 12. But in the answers, it says that s is still "world" and n is still 6.   Now, obviously this means that the variables have not changed, at least up until that point. Can someone explain past this? When would the variable have changed? I honestly am so confused why s is not "worldpeace" and n is not 12.


I've a question with my homework, I need to do a project in C++, and I need to use Object-oriented Programming, it's a vocabulary with a Binary Search Tree, and I finished it. But I use a struct... with it I break the OOP rules? If yes, how can I convert the struct in an inherited class?  template <typename T> struct BinaryNode {     T key;     BinaryNode<T>* left;     BinaryNode<T>* right;     BinaryNode<T>* parent; };  template <typename T> class BinarySearchTree { private:     BinaryNode<T>* root;     BinaryNode<T>* newNode(T key); public:     BinarySearchTree();     ~BinarySearchTree();      void insert(T key);     BinaryNode<T>* search(T key);     void distance(T key);     void inorderTreeWalk();      void insert(BinaryNode<T>** node, T key);     BinaryNode<T>* search(BinaryNode<T>* node, T key);     void distance(BinaryNode<T>* node, T key);     void inorderTreeWalk(BinaryNode<T>* node);     BinaryNode<T>* remove(BinaryNode<T>* node);      BinaryNode<T>* minimum(BinaryNode<T>* node);     BinaryNode<T>* maximum(BinaryNode<T>* node);     BinaryNode<T>* successor(BinaryNode<T>* node);     bool contains(T key);      BinaryNode<T>* getRoot(); };


Product of two matrices sharing the same eigenvector

I have never learned how to prove things, so I don't know how or when a proof is finished. If you prove this, it may help me understand a bit how things are done:  The vector $e$ is an eigenvector of each of the $n\times n$ matrices $A$ and $B$, with the corresponding eigenvalues $\lambda$ and $\mu$, respectively. Prove that $e$ is an eigenvector of the matrix $AB$ with the eigenvalue $\lambda\mu$.


Why all my dwellers complain about carrying too much stuff?

I finally had a big wave of dwellers reaching all their SPECIAL to 10. so I started sending them with the damage reduction pet into the wastelands where the best started at lvl 1 and made it like after close to 6 days with 3 med's left from alone home by stating a sentence alike "Thats all I can carry, so I go home now".  quite reasonable by the amount of items he found up to that time.  Today a similiar thing happened. but this time it happened to ALL my dwellers at a time. one even turned back after just have been out for 2 hours and only carrying 3 items while complaining about thats all he can carry.  While the other too had quite a lot of stuff allready (but anyway not equally much).  So is there any known bug? Or is there a limit (for what ever purpose) o0f the sum of all collected items of dwellers currently expoloring the wastelands at a time?  Or what else might be the reason for a dweller returning from the wastelands since "he can't carry more then 6 items"?


relating area under a curve and its derivative at a point.

Is it a theorem that "the area under a curve i.e., basically the integration is an inverse process of slope at a point on curve i.e., the derivative" ?How does one intuitively visualize it. Is there some lucid explanation, if possible in a form of proving this theorem. thanks.


how to get user permissions for nfs share?

The situation: I simply want to be able to access a Synology NAS from an Ubuntu Server with a non-root user.  On the NAS I have this in the exports-file:  /Directory <client-ip>/255.255.255.0(rw,async,no_wdelay,no_root_squash,insecure_locks,sec=sys,anonuid=1003,anongid=1004)   On the Ubuntu-Server in fstab I got this:  <server-ip>:/Directory  /Mountpoint nfs noauto,user,rw 0 0   Now I want to allow UserA, which is used for some automatic processes to mount the share and write to it.  mount /Mountpoint   Mounting as UserA works fine, but I have no permission to even read what's in the directory. As user root I do. Listing the mountpoint folder shows these permissions:  drwxrwx--- 4 UserA root 4096 Sep 17 13:58 Mountpoint   I tried to set the anon-ids in the exports to the ids of UserA, but that didn't help. Making UserA the owner of the folder didn't help either. Is there a simple thing I am missing?  Also: This needs to be an nfs share as it will transfer large amounts of data.  Edit: I would prefer to avoid giving read and write permissions to "others" for security reasons.


Objects are completely invisible in Object Mode

I started learning Blender the other week and was following a tutorial to learn the basics of it. When I opened Blender back up, every object I bring in is invisible in object mode, and the material preview mode is completely broken. Edit mode works just fine. I have no clue what's happening, any help would be appreciated.  Selected in object mode.  Deselected in object mode.  Selected in edit mode.  What happens when I move around my camera in material preview mode.


Extract creation date and modification time of file in SunOS?

I want to extract creation date of a file and modification time. The format should be (yyyymmddhh24miss).   My unix shell /usr/bin/ksh The file: file.txt My system: SunOS 5.10 Generic_150400-23 sun4v sparc sun4v


How can I make initialisms that refer to plurals possessive?

I want to know if it is correct to treat AF as a proper name and thus write "AF's concept" or if I must take the words of the initialism into consideration and write "AFs' (as I would write "Armed Forces' concept of protection" if I didn't use the initialism).  The link provided gave me conflicting answers about which way is right, and the main issue in the argumentation seemed to me to be the dubble s-es.


An error keeps popping up while I was making my table. This is the code:  \begin{table}  \caption{Pearson’s coefficient of mechanical properties with different compositional parameters.}  \label{tab:4}  \begin{tabular}{lllllll}  \hline\noalign{\smallskip}  & \rho\textsubscript{w} & \rho\textsubscript{d} & \%Min & \%Ash & \%Org\textsubscript{w} & \%H\textsubscript{2}O\\ %this isthe faulty line!!  \noalign{\smallskip}\hline\noalign{\smallskip}  \textit{E} & 0.55\textsuperscript{a} & 0.92\textsuperscript{a} & 0.93\textsuperscript{a} & 0.81\textsuperscript{a} & -0.14 & 0.14\\  $\textit{k} & 0.31 & 0.87\textsuperscript{a} & 0.70\textsuperscript{a} & 0.72\textsuperscript{a} & -0.30 & -0.23$\\  \noalign{\smallskip}\hline  \end{tabular}  \end{table}   I obtain following error:   l.179 & \rho             \textsubscript{w} & \rho\textsubscript{d} & \%Min & \%Ash & \%O...?


I have found a number of bugs in Microsoft Office 2007, but I can't find anywhere to submit bug reports. I have seen  but it doesn't let me provide feedback on Office.  How do I submit a bug report for Microsoft Office?


Sum of Binomial Coefficients Times a Polynomial

Is there a closed for expression for,  $\displaystyle\sum_{k=0}^n {n\choose k}k^2$  It holds that,  $\displaystyle\sum_{k=0}^n {n\choose k}k=n2^{n-1}$  Is there a generalization for higher degrees?


Why do we say that electromagnetic wave is oscillating? Or does light propagate really in a wavy form like this image?    What is making the photons oscillate and how is it oscillating is it oscillating back and forth (and if oscillating back and forth how does it move if its moving back and forth at the same point?)?  Why do we say that the EM field is constantly changing when in the above picture its constant? (we know that a compass is not able to follow an electromagnetic radiation because the EM field is constantly changing)


How much non-continuous time can I spend in Canada as a US citizen?

I am US citizen, I have a full time employment as a software engineer which allows me to work from anywhere, although I have to go on site once every 2 months. I have met a girl in Canada and we want to spend a lot of time with each other, she cant come to the US due to work/School.  I would like go stay in Canada for 1 to 2 months at a time, come back to the US for about 2-3 weeks for work/errands/etc, then go back to Canada again for another month or two, and repeat.   I know that I'm allowed to spend 6 months in Canada, but at some point are they going to have an issue with me visiting so often and staying for an extended amount of time?


Rechecking baggage for AA flight Paris-->New York-->Boston

I'll soon be flying from Paris, France (Charles de Gaulle Airport) to New York, USA with a connecting flight to Boston, USA. The flight is with American Airlines.  Will I need to claim and then recheck my baggage in New York before my flight to Boston?


Local anchor for group master (move/translate/offset of group master moves group instances)?

Let's say I start with the default Blender (2.64) file, except I set the cube to be 1 for all dimensions. At that point, the cube is at xyz location (0,0,0).  Then, let's say I select the cube with right mouse button, and go to Object / Group / Create New Group, and confirm the name "Group" in the "Create New Menu" bar with [Enter]. The selection outline turns green, meaning it's a group "master" (as far as I can see).  Now, let's say I press Shift-A; and choose "Group Instance" > "Group", and set the new instance to Z=2.3; with all selected, the view looks something like this:    Now, let's say I deselect all with A, then select the group master with right-click; and let's say I move it to Y=-2; then the result is:    ... that is, it is noticeable that the group instance/clone also moved in respect to its center (note the group instance axes, which remain in the set position)! Which means, I guess, that groups are defined in respect to the global coordinate center (0,0,0) as anchor.   My question is: is it possible to define a group, but in respect to the, say, bounding box center of the group as anchor - such that when I move/translate the group master, the group instances would remain anchored at their set position (basically, at the center of the group instance axes)? Also, is this documented anywhere in Blender documentation (I had problems finding this info)?


Proof of a necessary and sufficient condition between annuli centered at the origin

What is a simple way to prove that two annuli $A_1 = {z: r_1 < |z| < R_1}$ and $A_2 = {z: r_2 < |z| < R_2}$ are conformally equivalent if and only if $R_1/r_1 = R_2/r_2$, using standard results of complex analysis?  I'm not looking for a concise proof so much as one that uses elementary concepts.


Ubuntu 20.04 software center bug when using downloaded themes

I'm experiencing a bug when applying a custom theme downloaded from gnome-look.org.  This happens with most themes I've downloaded such as these:     Here's the screenshot of the bug:    As you can see, it's like the software center is skinless.  I've installed shell-extensions, gnome-tweaks, etc., and manually installed all those themes, copying them to /usr/share/themes. Also this does not happen with preloaded themes like Yaru, or Adwaita


Is there any way to create bash like aliases in windows (powershell or cmd)?

I want to create an alias that can still take input, like:  alias ytx='youtube-dl -ciw -f bestaudio --yes-playlist   Is this possible within windows?  I tried  but it doesn't allow for input at the end.


I want to install Ubuntu on a different Hard Disk Drive, will i be able to dual boot Window 7 and Ubuntu?

I have a spare Hard Drive Disk on my computer, I was wondering if I be able to use Ubuntu and be able to boot Window 7 when I want to or I do I have to do something in order for that to happen? I don't want to mess up my computer again.  Please beware im installing Ubuntu on Window 7 not with a CD


Error while trying to log into Stack Exchange iOS app

When using my Stack Exchange account to log in to the Stack Exchange iOS app I get an error alert:     Error    key is not valis for passed     acces_token, token not found.   I am confident I am using the correct email and password.  Can anyone relate to this problem?


Logic Question: Can a logically valid argument have a logically false conclusion?

Are there any examples of such an argument? What would its premises be like? How could such an argument be possible?  Where an argument is logically valid "if and only if it is not possible for all the premises to e true and the conclusion false."  And logically false is defined as "if and only if it is not possible for the sentence to be true." (e.g. 'June will pass Chemistry 101 and she will not pass Chemistry 101').


The following limit evaluates to $1$.  $\lim_{x\rightarrow 0}x\left[\frac{1}{x}\right]$  , where [ ] is the floor function.  I still think that the left hand limit diverges to negative infinity while the right hand limit diverges to positive infinity.


okay a very common problem is the number of arrangements of letters such that no two vowel letters are adjacent

what i want to know how the solution to this problem makes the answer valid how we are sure that every time we choose using ncr the vowels will not be adjacent okay i will provide a problem with solution to illustrate more  if we have a word permutation find the Permutations of string such that no two vowels are adjacent the constants are 6  the vowels are 5 the solution is the following   (6! / 2!) * (7C5 * 5!) the first part is the constant part i understand that very well the second part why we give that the remaining places should be equal to 7 places  this the link to the problem thanks in advance


How to list all zip files in a directory?

Ubuntu 16.04  I tried this:  for file in $source/*.zip do         echo $file done   and it works if the directory contains zip files. It prints out all them. But if it does not, it just print the $source/*.zip. I mean if source=/home/usrname/dir which does not contain any zips then it prints  /home/usrname/dir/*.zip   Is there a way to make it print nothing in that case?


Why is compactness in logic called compactness?

In logic, a semantics is said to be compact iff if every finite subset of a set of sentences has a model, then so to does the entire set.   Most logic texts either don't explain the terminology, or allude to the topological property of compactness. I see an analogy as, given a topological space X and a subset of it S, S is compact iff for every open cover of S, there is a finite subcover of S. But, it doesn't seem strong enough to justify the terminology.   Is there more to the choice of the terminology in logic than this analogy?


Hypergeometric distribution convergences binomial distribution

I don't understand the following statement: Let $X_N$ , N $=$ 1,2, ... random variables with hypergeometric distribution; Parameter ($N$,[P$N$],n).  Show that:  $$\lim_{N\to \infty} P(  X_N  = k ) =  \binom{n}{k} p^k (1-p)^{n-k}$$  Does this means that the hypergeometric distribution approaches binomial distribution for N $\rightarrow$ $\infty$ ?   Can somebody give me only the beginning of this proof?


how to delete an entire sub-tree from a binary tree in java

I wrote the following code but it doesn't work for nodes except the root node.  public Node deleteSubTree(Node root) {     if(root == null) {         return null;     }     root.left  =  deleteSubTree(root.left);     root.right =  deleteSubTree(root.right);             //System.out.print(" : deleting-"+root.data);     root = null;     return root; }   I am passing the node to be deleted as the argument. Could you please tell what is wrong with this code?


Is there a difference between algebra and $\sigma$ algebra?

I am reading the elements of integration by Robert Bartle.  In chapter 2 the definition of a $\sigma$ algebra is given like this.  A family $\sum$ of subsets of a set X is said to be a $\sigma$ algebra if   (i) $\phi$, X belongs to $\sum$.   (ii)If A belongs to $\sum$ then the compliment $X \backslash A$ belongs to $\sum$  (iii) If $(A_n)$ is a sequence of sets in $\sum$ then union $\cup^\infty_{n=1}A_n$ belongs to $\sum$  Then in chapter 9, the definition of an algebra is given like this.  A family $\sum$ of subsets of a set X is said to be an algebra if   (i) $\phi$, X belongs to $\sum$.  (ii) If E belongs to $\sum$ then its complement $X \backslash E$ also belongs to $\sum$.  (iii) If $E_1,...,E_n)$ belongs to $\sum$ then their union $\cup^n_{j=1} E_j$ also belongs to $\sum$.   What is the difference between these two definitions.  What is the difference between a $\sigma$ algebra and an algebra?


Dell inspiron 1501 ubuntu 14.04 lts 32bit doesn't work but ethernet work

I install ubuntu 14.04 on my old laptop but wifi doesn't work and when i use fn+f2 keys for wifi nothing change. sometime when i boot xp and use wifi and boot ubuntu again wifi led still run but wifi doesnt work.  I can connect to net with ethernet cable  I try some instruction in some  site but nothing change like:   sudo apt-get remove --purge bcmwl-kernel-source  sudo apt-get install linux-firmware-nonfree   please help me sorry for my bad english.  lspci -knn | grep Net -A2 05:00.0 Network controller [0280]: Broadcom Corporation BCM4311 802.11b/g   WLAN [14e4:4311] (rev 01) Subsystem: Dell Wireless 1390 WLAN Mini-Card [1028:0007] Kernel driver in use: b43-pci-bridge


I need to use mathematical induction to show that for any n $\in$ $\Bbb N$ ,  if n  $\ge$ 2, then $\prod_\limits{i=2}^n $ $\left( 1-\frac{1}{i^2}\right)$ = $\frac{n+1}{2n}$


Python: Issue converting ISO 8601 to datetime object

I'm struggling to convert ISO 8601 datetime coming from angular datetime component on the client side in the python backend. The date is coming from the angular-material-datetimepicker library in this format: '2016-10-24T10:00:00.000Z'. How do I convert to a datetime object to send to the datastore? I'm using Google App Engine. Here's what I've tried fiddling with in pycharm among other things I've found on other forums;  works  >>> datetime.datetime.strptime('2016-10-24T10:00:00Z', '%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ') datetime.datetime(2016, 10, 24, 10, 0)   does not work  datetime.datetime.strptime('2016-10-24T10:00:00.000Z', '%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ')      As seen above, the first command with the 'nanoseconds i think?' does not work. That is the actual format angular sends through. When I remove .000 it works as seen in the second command. What method call should I execute on the first date for it to work? Also I tried;  >>> datetime.datetime.strptime('2016-10-24T10:00:00.000Z', '%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S%fZ')


Number theoretic proof for $n \choose k$ is a natural number without induction

I can use either combinatorial argument, or mathematical induction on ${n+1\choose k} = {n\choose k}+{n\choose k-1}$ to prove $\prod_{i=0}^{k-1}(n-i)$ being divisible by $k!$ or that $n \choose k$ is a natural number for natural numbers $n$ and $k$. What is a number theoretical proof for it that does not use mathematical induction? Please do not give me a combinatorial argument with which I am infinitely familiar!


Proof concerning Stirling numbers of the first kind

How do I show that   $${ n\brack 2} = \frac{n!}{2} \sum_{m=1}^{n-1} \frac{1}{m(n-m)}$$  using a combinatorial argument?  My definition of ${n \brack 2}$ is "the number of elements of $S_n$ which can be decomposed as the product of exactly $2$ disjoint cycles".


Most of the links on stackoverflow are not working. I suspect it is due to a js that is not being loaded.   I am getting following error in console. Can anyone please suggest on how to get rid of this error?    The problem occurs only for stackoverflow dropdowns/links. No issues in other communities.  The problem occurs in chrome and FF. Please note, I logged into stackoverflow using FF for first time.


XeLaTeX and Beamer miniframes not compatible

Recently (about 5 mins ago) I found that miniframes, a Beamer outer template, does not works properly if I compile the file by XeLaTeX.  To be specific, I tried to compile this MWE  \documentclass{beamer} \usetheme{Ilmenau} \begin{document} \section{Section 1} \subsection{Subsection 1} \frame{1}\frame{2}\frame{3} \subsection{Subsection 2} \frame{4}\frame{5} \section{Section 2} \subsection{Subsection 1} \frame{6}\frame{7}\frame{8}\frame{9} \section{Section 3} \subsection{Subsection 1} \frame{10}\frame{11} \subsection{Subsection 2} \frame{12}\frame{13}\frame{14} \subsection{Subsection 3} \frame{15}\frame{16}\frame{17}\frame{18} \end{document}   with LaTeX, LuaLaTeX, and XeLaTeX separately. For the first two compilers the small circles are clickable while for the third compiler they are not. (The cursor does not become a hand while hovering). At the same time, three compilers produce clickable (sub)section titles.  I guess TeX.SX is not a good place to report bugs. But I am not sure if this is of XeLaTeX or of Beamer.  P.S. I am using OS X 10.11.1 and MacTeX and I just synced my packages.


What's really happening when reusing tea leaves?

I reuse my green tea bags three or even four times with little to no loss in flavor.  But it's a pain to reheat water to the correct temperature after I'm done with the first cup and wait another three minutes for the tea to brew.  I've never tried brewing a single bag in 24 or 32 ounces of water rather than eight, but I'd be surprised if the resulting tea would result in the same strength as brewing three individual cups.  Is this the case?  What if I let the single bag brew for more time in the larger volume of water?  What exactly is happening here?  Bonus points:  Why is it that green tea doesn't seem to lose much flavor after reuse, but black teas are practically useless after a single brew?


"! Missing $ inserted." while including graphics (file/dir names with white space)

Solved!  EDIT (changed source to Minimal Working Example):  \documentclass{report}  \usepackage{polski} \usepackage[utf8]{inputenc} \usepackage[T1]{fontenc}  \usepackage{graphicx} \graphicspath{ {./obrazki/} } \usepackage{epstopdf} %eps  \begin{document} \graphicspath{ {./obrazki/wyniki_eksperymentu/Wyniki przegladu_EMG/wykresy/} }  \begin{figure}[h!]   \centering     \includegraphics[width=10cm, height=10cm]{Najlepszych_30_kombinacji} % Error here     \caption{Najlepsze kombinacje łańcuchów algorytmów ekstrakcji i klasyfikatorów} \end{figure} \end{document}   Thank you very much for replies. I was so fixed on underscores problem, that i didn't noticed white space in dir path :D  Since i can't give you any reward (only comments - no answers) :  "Best Answer Award" goes to Henri Menke for package which solves problem:  \usepackage{grffile}   Second award goes to cfr for spotting source of the problem :)


I need to stress my rMBP components (e.g. CPU/GPU/RAM) without loading any additional software tools.   Background - My rMBP has a hardware fault () which causes system freezes that only manifests itself once it has been in use for hours and is under daily load (freezes 4/5 times a day on average) - I can use geekbench which causes the system to freeze quite quickly but want to reproduce the error quickly with no 3rd party software installed so to show genius team that the problem can be reproducible of a fresh install of High Sierra & without any 3rd party software installed just to speed up the process of diagnoses & eliminate user error.  Currently I'm watching 4K youtube videos & visiting greensock.com to get Safari to stress & trying to open photos but the machine isn't even noticing the extra load!


Use data from other multiple data files with calculations

shows nicely how to use data from another file while plotting data using \addplot table. However, when trying to access the create on use column using \thisrow{}, an error occurs. For example, simply plotting the column newZ below works, but dividing Y by newZ fails with the following error:  ! Package PGF Math Error: Unknown function `newZ__column_not_found'   I'd guess that this is somewhat expected because the pgfplots manual states \thisrow can only be used with "an existing column or one for which a column alias exists", but it says nothing about automatically created columns.  So, is there another way to do calculations with columns from another file that I'm not aware of?  \documentclass{article}  \usepackage{filecontents} \begin{filecontents}{data1.dat} X  Y 1  3 2  2 3  1 \end{filecontents} \begin{filecontents}{data2.dat} Z 4 7 2 \end{filecontents}  \usepackage{pgfplots,pgfplotstable} \pgfplotstableset{     create on use/newZ/.style={         create col/copy column from table={data2.dat}{Z}     }    }     \begin{document} \begin{tikzpicture} \begin{axis} \addplot table [y=newZ] {data1.dat}; % This fails: %\addplot table [y expr=\thisrow{Y} / \thisrow{newZ}] {data1.dat}; \end{axis} \end{tikzpicture} \end{document}


A term for products whose "secret" features are well-known (but not publicized)

What do you call those household items whose selling features are purportedly practical, functional and ‘innocent’ but instead are often bought for completely different, and sometimes ‘naughty’ reasons?  In time the makers hear of this secondary use and exploit this “extra” feature, or modify the design in order to meet public demand, without confessing the real reason behind it.   I'm thinking in particular of those massage instruments sold for “back pain” such as the one below. Nowadays, we'd simply call it a vibrator, but until the mid-fifties these gizmos were called massagers     Today on supermarket shelves there are certain roll on  (for both sexes) whose size and friendly ergonomic shapes are unequivocally sexual. I suppose there aren't that many taboos left but the fact that one can openly display a deodorant stick in one bathroom's cabinet without embarrassment is very convenient…  On a much more serious note, there are certain cough medicines that are sold over the counter that customers discover have secondary/hidden benefits (initially anyway).     Some over-the-counter (OTC) and prescription cough and cold medicines contain active ingredients that are psychoactive (mind-altering) at higher-than-recommended dosages and are frequently abused for this purpose.        • Dextromethorphan (DXM), a cough suppressant and expectorant found in many OTC cold medicines. It may produce euphoria and dissociative effects or even hallucinations when taken in quantities greater than the recommended therapeutic dose.             • Promethazine-codeine cough syrup, a medication that contains codeine, an opioid that acts as a cough suppressant and can also produce relaxation and euphoria when consumed at a higher-than-prescribed dose.            …  cough syrups, pills, and gel capsules containing DXM—particularly “extra strength” forms—are frequently abused by young people (who refer to the practice as “robo-tripping” or “skittling”).             What do you call products whose hidden or secondary function is really its selling point? I might call them double entendre  products, but do manufacturers have their own jargon?  What do you call any product whose secondary use (or abuse) is accidentally discovered and then becomes its raison d'être. Any product can fall in this category. In the comments below,  Tushar Raj suggested  which has become famous for being a stress reliever, and less so for its primary purpose: wrapping fragile objects.


I would like to have Ubuntu set its self up when it boots, as Windows does. There is a laptop that I am giving to a kid on Christmas with a dead Hard Drive, and I would like to prepare it for him. The laptop is not currently in my possession, but the hard drive is. I can do the troubleshooting for him if drivers are necessary later, but I would like the Hard Drive to have Ubuntu installed on it and just needing configuration with users and passwords. I have seen something like what I want before, but it was by a wubi install, and it did not prompt for a username and password to create.  So, if that confused you, my goal is to have the computer when it boots to prompt for a username and password to create.  I have an idea that could work, but not as well as desired. Currently, I have a live CD of Ubuntu 13.10, and I was planning on putting the Hard Drive in my laptop as its only, booting from a live usb, wiping the Hard Drive, creating a 512 Mb partition leaving the rest blank, and burning a live CD to that Hard drive to boot from. So, I would want to tweak the live HD's install to not allow the option for try Ubuntu.  I would prefer this to be on 13.10 because I have been using it flawlessly for the past month or two, and it has many features he would like. I am ok if it is only possible on 12.04.  So, to present all my Questions   Can I install Ubuntu without a user, but prompt for one on First boot Or, can I install Ubuntu from a Hard Drive as a live CD to itself   If one of them gets answered, but not the other please answer the other one if you can for anyone else looking at this post. I will be trying the second method tonight possibly and answer below.


Proof that $\sqrt6 - \sqrt2 - \sqrt3$ is irrational.

I want to prove that: $$\sqrt6 - \sqrt2 - \sqrt3$$ is irrational. I have tried using squares, the $p/q$ definition of rationality and the facts that  1)rational$\times$ irrational=irrational (unless rational=0),  2)rational$+$irrational=irrational.  However, I haven't been able to reach some conclusion. Things seem harder than when you have two square roots. Any help would be appreciated!


I often have seen 32bit OS being referred to x86 (i hope it is the x86 architecture). What is the significance of this 32bit and why is it related to x86.


Today I was driving by a UPS truck, which for those unfamiliar is a delivery truck used by a shipping company.  By standard definition UPS could be seen as an acronym as you can pronounce it "ups" however everyone (including the company) pronounces each letter instead, much like an initialism.  So my question is, in cases like these, which is it? Does the definition of acronym merely mean that a set of letters can be easily said, or does the actual implementation of the letters change the definition? As in, if a company chooses to pronounce their name as an initialism, does it become one?


I'm working as a programmer for about 20 years and invested a lot of time into understanding programming and computers before earning money with it.  I've learned to program Java, use Windows, then Python, Linux. Now I'm a Devops learning Docker and Keycloak ... what I mean to say is: I've picked up a pretty pile of tech but TeX, well ... this always remained a love-hate relationship.  I've made a couple attempts at differents flavours of TeX in the past and was never really happy with the whole thing. In the last month I was using Pandoc over a Docker container, which generates PDF from a Markdown document. I generate the Markdown file from my own Python program. This is fine. I just needed to nudge the default theme and I almost got everything that I wanted.  My problem is: I know I don't master the TeX behind it. How do I learn TeX (or LuaTeX or whatever) so I really am in control?  I want to know about what the nitty-gritty details are. I want to know what consequences are of choosing this flavour of TeX and choosing that package etc.   How do I learn this? What is the starting point to get on that path?  Update: I've read (or at least skimmed over) many tutorials. Some of my recurring problem about those:   Many tutorials aim to teach you how to write a scientific paper in the end (which I'm not really interested in). Many times the tutorials are old and I'm uncertain if the information is still relevant (just as an example), let's say if I already know I'll be using LuaTeX/LuaLaTeX.   My goal is: I want to know about the today relevant foundations of TeX. About the architecture of it. What the limits of which parts are. I want to be able to make an informed decision about which part of TeX is going to be good about tackling what kind of problem.


Why did Dumbledore put so many obstacles to protect The Philosopher's stone when it’s pretty much pointless?

This has always struck me as odd, in Harry Potter and the Philosopher’s Stone,  Harry, Ron, and Hemione get past 7 obstacles in order to stop Quirrell. Although, even if Harry and his pals don’t show up, Quirrell still wouldn’t have gotten the stone. Why? It’s because of the enchantments Dumbledore himself put. Quirrell would never have gotten the stone because his intentions weren’t honorable. That renders the others kind of pointless. When I say “kind of pointless” I mean they do not need to be there, Dumbledore could have set the mirror in Quirrell's office and he still wouldn’t have gotten the stone. So why all these death traps Dumbledore? Besides, If Dumbledore really wanted the students to keep out, he should have made it harder to get to then just: Even Umbridge is able to seal her office from the likes of Alohomora, but this is guarding the Philosopher's stone we’re talking about! Plus, on Christmas, Harry finds The Mirror of Erised and looks into it. In case you need a refresher, Hagrid took the stone from the vault in July and it is now December so why is it taking so long to put the stone, in the mirror, in the chamber? Uh, so why is the mirror up in the school when it should be down in the chamber? Why are there so many obstacles when they’re pointless?


When I try to delete my iCloud account on my iPhone it tells me to sign out using my old email and password. I don't remember the old password

How do I get my iCloud account to let me change my email account without having to give my old password for my other email account? I don't remember that password.


How did the phenomenon of doubling words come about?

I am referring to phrases such as: "Do you like her, or do you like like her." Can someone provide an explanation of this? There are many more examples but none come to mind at the moment.


Please if someone could tell me how to show that $1\over x$ is not uniformly continuous on $(0,1)$.  I hope I've been clear enough, thanks.


Why is the standard model renormalizable if we believe it is an effective theory?

We believe that the standard model is only an effective field theory of its true UV completion. However, effective theories have dimensionful couplings and are not renormalizable. The standard model has dimensionless couplings and is renormalizable. So then how is the standard model both an effective theory but also renormalizable?  Edit: Is this the answer: if we have a theory with dimensionless couplings, then look at it on a lower energy scale, it will look like an effective theory with dimensionful couplings. But a "grand unified theory" won't have dimensionless couplings. It will have dimensionful couplings, perhaps with the size of the planck mass. So while the standard model might be an "effective theory" of the "grand unified theory," it has dimensionless couplings instead of dimensionful couplings, because the "grand unified theory" already had dimensionless couplings that are irrelevant at our scale.  Is that a correct answer?  Edit 2: My question is different from other "why is the standard model renormalizable" questions because I am asking why the standard model is renormalizable given that it probably is an effective field theory.


windows 10 remove folder: paths does not exists but

I'm facing the following problem:    that is Get-ChildItem shows the directory but Remove-Item says that it does not exist !!  I yet try chkdsk, file explorer, trying to rename it,... but I just can't remove that directory  please help.    Gci . -dir|%{Remove-Item -LiteralPath "$($_.FullName)"}   gives:  Remove-Item : Cannot find path 'D:\data\inpibug\ustocks ' because it does not exist. At line:1 char:14 + Gci . -dir|%{Remove-Item -LiteralPath "$($_.FullName)"} +              ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ + CategoryInfo          : ObjectNotFound: (D:\data\inpibug\ustocks :String) [Remove-Item], ItemNotFoundException + FullyQualifiedErrorId : PathNotFound,Microsoft.PowerShell.Commands.RemoveItemCommand


Is verbatim copying several paragraphs of text with citation considered plagiarism?

Is it plagiarism if I copy several paragraphs from another's source (let's say a CS paper) into my work and then footnote Source: ..., for example, as background information?


How do I fix my package state after the installation process (dpkg) was interrupted?

I got the following message when I tried to open update.     E: dpkg was interrupted, you must   manually run 'sudo dpkg --configure   -a' to correct the problem.   E: _cache->open() failed, please report.   Please help me to solve it.


What would happen if a human was exposed to the red sun of Krypton?

In most incarnations of Superman, Kryptonians gain their superpowers from exposure to a yellow sun (primarily our own), and do not receive such benefits near their own, red sun-dominated Krypton.  Is it ever explored what the result would be if an Earth human were to travel to Krypton and be exposed to its red sun?   Would the human gain Superman-like superpowers? (e.g. superpowers derive from being exposed to a different sun) Would the human become weaker? (e.g. red suns weaken everybody from a certain baseline species level, yellow suns likewise grant them advantages over a baseline....)   I know that generally, Krypton is destroyed and the practicality of human travel to Krypton does not come up. I'm interested in if this was ever explored at any point, in any continuity, perhaps using time travel, wormholes, or whatever.


What is the Higher Virtual Memory address (Kernel Mapping) of a process used to?

I have some questions on the Kernel mapping of a Linux process' higher virtual address:   Is that maps to the kernel text segment which is stored in the RAM(I read the vmlinuz will be extracted to the RAM)? What is the use of it? The pmap of a process shows it's mapping to the exe's segments, shared memory,stack,heap. Can I see the higher address kernel mapped also?


Bitlocker won't initialize on a 4TB drive with 4K sectors

I'm trying to enable BitLocker on a 4TB drive with 4K physical sectors (Advanced Format) on a 64-bit Windows 7 box with SP1.    The drive is partitioned GPT (1 partition using all of the available space) and formatted with NTFS.    When I right click on the drive and select 'Turn on BitLocker...', a dialog appears that says 'Staring BitLocker' and 'Please wait while BitLocker initializes the drive'.  There is also a warning (same dialog) that says 'A device attached to the system is not functioning.'  The progress bar never moves and there is no disk or CPU activity.  I'm not seeing anything in the event viewer, either.  How do I get BitLocker turned on for this drive?  The drive is is a 4TB Hitachi DeskStar 7K4000 in an internal bay connected via SATA-II (host has no SATA-III ports).  It's not a boot drive.  I'm creating a single GPT partition (using the whole drive).  The motherboard has an Intel P55 chipset with no TPM.  No yellow exclamation marks in Device Manager.  I've waited over an an hour, nothing happens with the dialog box.  The drive has 4K physical sectors, 512 byte logical sectors (it's Advanced Format 512e/512 emulation, not 4Kn/4K Native).  When I formatted the volume, I left the allocation unit size at 'Default', which ended up being 4k.  Is there some requirement for a different allocation unit size for volumes over a certain threshold size?  It seems that I can create a smaller partition (2TB) and there is no problem. It seems that the magic limit is 3815174 MB, which is a 144 MB less than the available capacity of 3815318 (according to the New Simple Volume Wizard).  Can anybody explain that?  I updated the motherboard BIOS to the latest version, that seems to have had no effect on this issue.  I want to know why I Bitlocker fails to encrypt a single partition using all of the available space (according to the 'New Simple Volume Wizard), but will encrypt a partition 144 MB smaller?  I have 2TB Hitachi drives with a single partition, no unallocated space and they encrypted just fine.  According to the Disk Management snap-in in the Microsoft Management Console, I have 145 MB of unallocated space on the 4TB Hitachi.  A way to avoid wasting the 145 MB would be nice.  It's not a lot of space, but I don't want to screw around with finding the magic number again on a different 4TB drive.     I just tried to encrypt a 3815318 MB single volume on the drive with the manage-bde command line tool:  manage-bde -on X: -RecoveryPassword   I get this:  Volume X: [New Volume] [Data Volume] Key Protectors Added:  ERROR: An error occurred (code 0X8007001f): A device attached to the system is not functioning.


Which sentence is correct? Help laughing or help but laugh

I was wondering which of the following sentence is grammatically correct (British English preferably):  I could not help laughing. I could not help but laugh.  There is a similar question on this site but that does not explain the grammatical correctness of the above mentioned sentences. References are welcome.


What should I do if I find the answer to my question before someone else answers?

sometimes there happens that I post question before I think the problem over well enough. (if I know well it's not against the rules, the only problem with it is that it gets a lot of downvotes if noticed) If I got the solution before anyone would help, what to do. Should I delete the question, or keeping it with an own answer for the site would be worth?


I am in the last year of MSc. and would like to read string theory. I have the Zwiebach Book, but along with it what other advanced book can be followed, which can be a complimentary to Zwiebach. I would like a more mathematically rigorous book or lecture notes along with Zwiebach.   Specifically, mention whether the book discusses string theory   Rigorously? Intuitively?   What's the scope of the book? Does it cover the advanced materials, e.g. Matrix string theory, F-theory, string field theory, etc. Maybe even String Phenomenology?


Prevent a Task Scheduler to run at Windows Startup

To test the computer hardware, I have used Task Scheduler in Windows Server 2008 R2 to automatic reboot the computer direct after startup.  I have now done many reboots to verify the hardware, and want to disable the reboot scheduler. I have done it before, but now I don't remember how I do it.  I can start the computer in Safe mode. But in that mode, Task Scheduler is disabled. I wonder how I can disable the automatic reboot of Windows


I am confused by this , in which the speaker claims usages like 'How to say egg in Chinese' is incorrect, and 'How do you say egg in Chinese' is correct. Is it right?


How to fetch Custom Permissions assigned to an User

I need to fetch all the custom permissions assigned to an User. The FeatureManagement class only provides the method to check if User has any specific custom permission assigned or not. Thanks!


Is using an apostrophe for omission more correct than not?

I recently submitted my product design coursework to my teacher, for them to check that everything was okay. And besides from the few spelling mistakes that I'd made, the only other thing I was told to do was to change all of the contractions to being two separate words.  This meant going through and changing all of the "it's"s to "it is", the "we're"s to "we are" and so on. This was because, and I quote, "The exam board see it as more correct to not use things such as contractions."  So is this really the case, is it more correct not to use an apostrophe for omission? Or is this just a miss understanding between my teacher and the exam board?  Personally I'd have though it to be the other way around, as in French it is grammatically incorrect to say "ce est" or "que elle". These should instead be written as "c'est" and "qu'elle" respectively.  Any thought on the matter would be appreciated.


I can't figure out why my binary to denary number converter doesn't work. I need a simple solution to demonstrate to GCSE Computer Science students. please help:  static void Main(string[] args) {     string binaryNumber;     int[] placeValues = { 128, 64, 32, 16, 8, 4, 2, 1 };      // Array stores place values of the digits     int denaryNumber = 0;      Console.WriteLine("Please enter an 8-bit binary number: ");     binaryNumber = Console.ReadLine();      // The digits will now be multiplied by the place values     for (int index = 0; index < binaryNumber.Length; index++)     {         denaryNumber = denaryNumber +          (Convert.ToInt32(binaryNumber[index]) * placeValues[index]);     }     Console.WriteLine("\n" + binaryNumber + " = " + denaryNumber);     Console.ReadKey(); }


From the Wikipedia article Metastability in electronics:     Metastability in electronics is the   ability of a digital electronic system   to persist for an unbounded time in an   unstable equilibrium or metastable   state. In metastable states, the   circuit may be unable to settle into a   stable '0' or '1' logic level within   the time required for proper circuit   operation. As a result, the circuit   can act in unpredictable ways, and may   lead to a system failure.    That seems to be a good definition, but what does it mean in an application?  From an electronics designer's standpoint, what are some examples of when this might occur and where should this type of failure be of concern?     Is there a more pragmatic or applied definition - something in more specific terms?


Convex Hull of Precompact Subset is Precompact

I'm trying to prove that, if $K$ is a precompact (I've also heard the phrase totally bounded used for this) subset of a Banach Space $X$, then its convex hull is also precompact.   I've come across a similar statement with Hilbert spaces that suggested I fix some $x\in X$ and define a bounded conjugate linear form on $X$ by $x\mapsto B(x,y)$ and then use the Riesz Representation Theorem. I'm not sure if this can be generalized to a proof for general Banach spaces. Any help would be appreciated.   Thank you.


How to install Oracle Java 8 on Ubuntu 19.04

Is there a way to install Oracle Java 8 on Ubuntu 19.04?  The webupd8team/java ppa is empty at the time writing.


Is it normal for my CPU to run at 1GHz higher than base clock speed?

I have the Intel Core i7-8700 CPU(non K version) and it's constantly running at much  hicher clock speeds than it's base speed and I was wondering if that's normal?


How do you take a self-portrait similar to what you see in the mirror?

To take a good self-portrait, I'd look in the mirror, see the expression/angle/light I like, and... fail to capture it.  Any tips on exposure, positioning of the camera (e.g. relative to the eyes), focal length/lens to use.  What it boils down to:   What is the digital (optics, settings) equivalent of an eye? How do you position the camera in such a way, so that the image resembles what you would have seen? (elevation, angle, distance, focal length)   I am not talking about photographing through the mirror. The mirror is only a tool here.


flat world, relativistic rotation speed, *NOT DISCWORLD*

I recall a sci-fi story (probably 1950's) situated on a world where the rotational speed was so high that relativistic effects were involved near the equator... the further away you were, the weaker the effect. individuals' names were longer away from the equator, because you had more time to express things. and, there was an on-planet war. i recall the main character having a name like "Hadolarison" near the pole. Can anybody clue me the title/author?


Euler-Lagrange equations: independence of $y$ and $y'$.

What is the derivative of $y$ with respect to $y'$ in general? In the context of variational calculus, we treat $y$ and $y'$ as independent variables and when taking the partial derevitives with respect to each other it gives 0. Is that always the case in general that partial derevitive of $y$ with respect to $y'$ is zero, or it's just for reasons that got to do with variational calculus that we treat $y$ and $y'$ as independent?


Use "have" or "has" any/anyone/anything in the question?

Similar to , is it correct to use have or has with any* (any/anything/anyone/...) in a question?  Examples:   Have/Has any of my advices help you? Have/Has anyone of you seen it?   Does it depend on the context, or is there a general rule?


Schengen visa approved, cancelled UAE permit

I'm a Philippines passport holder, my Schengen visa is approved but I cancel my Dubai residence visa and go back to Philippines after visiting Schengen country, can I I still travel to Schengen country with the Schengen visa but cancel Dubai permit?


Resize multiple images with imagemagick from a folder to other (and keep the name) with a command

Let's say that the images are in the directory /Desktop/projs/proj1/img/ and I want the output files to go to /Desktop/projs/proj1/imgResized/.  I tried this command:  convert /Desktop/projs/proj1/img/*.png -resize 130x130\! /Desktop/projs/proj1/imgResized/converted.png   This works, but the output images are renamed to converted-0.png, converted-1.png, etc.  I tested other commands to see if the images keep their names:  for PHOTO in /Desktop/projs/proj1/img/*.png; do BASE=`basename $PHOTO` convert /Desktop/projs/proj1/img/*.png -resize 130x130 /Desktop/projs/proj1/imgResized/$BASE.png; done;   But it’s not working.  How can I do this? And if possible, how can I do the same but for compressing all the images from folder A to B?


Why do objects move when you apply a force that's equal in magnitude to the friction?

If the friction on an object is 200 N and you apply 200 N, it seems, the forces should immediately cancel each other out since the friction and your applied force go in opposite directions, leaving you with an object that is motionless. Yet, from what I've read, that's not the case. I feel like I'm misunderstanding something. Could it be I'm wrong about needing to apply 200 N initially? Might the amount of force I actually need be greater, but instantaneously decrease to 200 N?


I would like to know which font is used by Publications Mathématiques de l'IHÉS. For example  in this paper:    Or perhaps the right question is which style they used?  Thanks for answering and helping.


How do I add a new, valid tag when I don't have enough reputation?

I'd like to post a question on StackOverflow, but I think I should be able to tag it with    . Poor me, there is no  tag; There is  and , I'm certainly not sure this is the right thing to do, so figure I'll start here.  Edit Question located here:


I'm trying to make a component in my community be able to pull in the record Id.  I followed the information in this question:   And this documentation:   My config file looks like this:  <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <LightningComponentBundle xmlns="http://soap.sforce.com/2006/04/metadata">     <apiVersion>45.0</apiVersion>     <isExposed>true</isExposed>     <masterLabel>ContractorSearch</masterLabel>     <description>Searches for contractors for a given set of criteria</description>     <targets>         <target>lightning__RecordPage</target>         <target>lightningCommunity__Page</target>         <target>lightningCommunity__Default</target>     </targets>     <targetConfigs>         <targetConfig targets="lightning__RecordPage">             <objects>                 <object>Requisition__c</object>             </objects>         </targetConfig>         <targetConfig targets="lightningCommunity__Default">             <property name="recordId" default="{!recordId}" type="String"                  label="Record ID" description="Should not be changed from default value."/>         </targetConfig>     </targetConfigs> </LightningComponentBundle>   Any ideas?


How to remove white background of a jpg completely on gimp?

I managed to use the 'fuzzy' tool to remove the slightly off white background. However, I want the shape itself to change. For instance, when I drop shadow on the image the shadow is rectangular on the previous outline, of the jpg, not the new rectangular shape. Also, Layers underneath are not visible where I just used the fuzzy tool to remove the background.   I guess using the fuzzy tool and pressing delete just gives a white background on the selected region? I want it to completely remove the background and make it transparent, how do I do that?


Last two digits of $2^{1000}$ via Chinese Remainder Theorem?

I bumped across the aforementioned question in my notes while studying today and I have completely forgot how to do this. I remember using CRT to solve a problem like this on one of my tests, too bad they didn't give back my solutions :(.  Since $\gcd(100,2) = 2$, we can't use the usual Euler's theorem to solve via $\pmod {100}$. So $100 = 5^2 2^2$, and applying Euler's on the 25 gives me $2^{20} \equiv 1 \pmod {25}$. However since $\gcd(2,4) = 2$, we can't do the same for $\bmod 4$. Accordingly how do I set up the other modulo congruence so I can apply CRT?


Why is Goldbach's conjecture hard to prove?

Greettings. Why is goldbach's conjecture so hard to prove? I just want to know what are some of the obstacles mathematicians have met during the years.


I recently flagged a comment as unfriendly/unkind, but after returning to it after some time, I think I may have made a mistake.  So can we be allowed to unflag comments?


Showing identity of ideals in $\mathbb{Q}[x,y]$

Problem: Let $R=\mathbb{Q}[x,y]$ and consider the ideal   $$I=\{f\in R:f(0,0)=f(1,1)=0\}.$$ Prove that $I=\langle x-y,y-x^2\rangle.$   Since $x-y$ and $y-x^2$ belong to $I$ we have $\langle x-y,y-x^2\rangle\subset I.$ To show the other relation I don't know even how to start.


What size of capacitors do I need for 60V DC input?

I'm designing a DAQ with 8 analog inputs (0-60V DC).  I would like to ask what size of capacitors should I use, as shown in the picture?  This Op-Amp costs 4$, is there another cheaper Op-Amp you recommend instead?  The picture below is a 1/12 voltage divider with Op-Amp and it will be X8 (for each input).


convergence or divergence of $\sum_{n=0}^∞ \frac{(\ln(n)+5)}{n^2}$

Determine whether the following series is convergent or divergent  $$\sum_{n=0}^∞ \frac{(\ln(n)+5)}{n^2}$$  I tried using comparison test and p-test: $$\frac{\ln(n)+5}{n^2}$$<=$$\frac{1}{n^2}$$  And since 1/n^2 is convergent by p-test, the series is convergent. But i am not sure if my solution is correct especially the part on determining the upper bound of $$\frac{\ln(n)+5}{n^2}$$


with that or without, the most formal way

I have this sentence     There is an engine inside me that keeps saying "someone must be at the top, why isn't that you?"    Should I put that or not?  I know both ways are correct, but I am asking for the most formal way.


I am wondering how can I change default screenshots to jpg, specially  for MPlayer where default shots are in png which renders the images too large.


I am looking for a touch screen laptop that works awesome with Ubuntu ( it has to be a Full laptop NOT NETBOOK)

I am looking for a nicely priced touchscreen laptop (not netbook) that works great with Ubuntu. can you help me out?  -Thanks!!-


What are the options for streaming music from PC to phone?

I'm interested in being able to play music that's on my computer through my phone - mostly so I can plug the phone into speakers in different parts of the house. Looking for apps, I realise that there are actually some pretty different ways you can do this:   Run a music server that's accessible over the internet, access through app or web browser on phone (eg AudioGalaxy, Subsonic) Run an audio streaming server that provides a single audio stream (eg SoundWire - you drive the choice of music from the PC, and the phone is just a passive receiver) Share your music folder, and use a Samba (or equivalent) file share app like ES File Explorer to access the files on your phone and play them from there. Use DLNA-supporting apps at both ends to play and share music (eg, Windows Media Player on PC, and AllShare or Skifta on phone) Sync music from PC to phone regularly, and just play it from there.   Am I missing any? What are the strengths and weaknesses of each approach? One concern for me is I'd rather not have music going via the internet, because then it would count doubly out of my internet usage cap.  Also, are there apps (with the right combination of PC software) that can combine these approaches? It would be great to be able to either drive a playlist from the PC, or select songs from the phone. Extra bonus points for solutions that work for video (ie, films) as well.  My PC is Windows XP, my phone is Samsung Galaxy Note.   EDIT Incorporating answers from below into the original list.


ACPI error when trying to make dual boot with Ubuntu 18.04 and Windows 10

Recently I bought a new laptop that came with Windows 10 installed but not activated. I use both Windows 10 and Ubuntu 18.04, so I tried making a dual boot with a USB flash drive. It was recognized by the BIOS, I tried Try Ubuntu without installing and Install Ubuntu. With both options the PC freezes, and I need to press the power button. It's shown very fast some errors that are listed below:  [ 0.064522] ACPI Error: Method parse/execution failed \_SB.PCID.RPOB.PXSX, AE_NOT_FOUND (20170831/parse-550)  [ 0.066316] ACPI Error: [_SB.PCID.RPOB.PXSX], Namespace lookup failure, AE_NOT_FOUND (20170831/download2-191)  [ 0.066325] ACPI Error: AE_NOT_FOUND, During name lookup/catalog (20170831/psobject-252)  [ 0.246232] ACPI Exception: AE_NOT_FOUND. Evaluating _PRS (20170831/pci_link-176)  [ 0.246248] ACPI Exception: AE_NOT_FOUND. Evaluating _PRS (20170831/pci_link-176)  [ 0.246260] ACPI Exception: AE_NOT_FOUND. Evaluating _PRS (20170831/pci_link-176)  [ 0.246272] ACPI Exception: AE_NOT_FOUND. Evaluating _PRS (20170831/pci_link-176)  [ 0.246285] ACPI Exception: AE_NOT_FOUND. Evaluating _PRS (20170831/pci_link-176)  [ 0.246297] ACPI Exception: AE_NOT_FOUND. Evaluating _PRS (20170831/pci_link-176)  [ 0.246310] ACPI Exception: AE_NOT_FOUND. Evaluating _PRS (20170831/pci_link-176)  [ 0.246322] ACPI Exception: AE_NOT_FOUND. Evaluating _PRS (20170831/pci_link-176)   I'm using NVIDIA GTX 1050 Ti graphics card and Intel i7-8750H processor.  I talked to the customer support and they just said that my laptop might not be compatible with Ubuntu. I also tried Ubuntu 16.04, but there were no changes.  EDIT: Thanks a lot for all the answers, but unfortunatelly I returned the PC to the store, neither the technical support found a solution for the problem, they just said: "Our PCs are just able to work with Windows, anyother OS might work but without our warranty".


How many OpenVpn clients can connect at the same time on a raspberry pi 4 model B 8BG Ram?

Please I need some help. Here is a scenario. I want to host my own openvpn server. I bought a raspberry pi 4 model B 8gb. I will be installing an ubuntu server on it, and OpenVPN server on it. My internet speed is 100mbp down and 20mbp upload. The goal is to have like 20 concurrent clients connected. I know that each of them will be streaming ressources form the internet, but they need to go through my vpn server. Can someone please tell me what can happen? I mean, will they be able to stream without any latency? I can't install vpn server on a data center like google cloud, aws etc... because I already tried, the website found out the users were connecting through a vpn service.


Why is the solution of an ordinary differential equation required to be defined on an interval?

I am reading A First Course in Differential Equations with Modeling Applications (10th Edition) and here is a definition:     Any function $\phi$, defined on an interval $I$ and possessing at least $n$ derivatives that are continuous on $I$, which when substituted into an $n$th-order ordinary differential equation reduces the equation to the identity, is said to be a solution of the equation on the interval.   I am wondering why the condition "on an interval $I$" is important (this has been emphasized in other places of the book). For example, why it is not okay to say that $$y=x^{-1}, x\neq 0$$ is a solution to the differential equation $y'=-x^{-2}$?


Prove that the group $G$ is abelian if $a^2 b^2 = b^2 a^2$ and $a^3 b^3 = b^3 a^3$

In a Group $G$, $a^2b^2=b^2a^2$ and $a^3b^3=b^3a^3$ holds, $\forall a,b\in G$. Prove that the group $G$ is abelian.    My approach was the following:  Let $a,b\in G$  Then, $a^2b^2=b^2a^2$ and $a^3b^3=b^3a^3$ holds.  Now, $$\begin{align} a^3b^3=b^3a^3 \\ \implies aaabbb=&bbbaaa\\ \implies a\cdot a^2\cdot b^2&\cdot b=b\cdot b^2\cdot a^2\cdot a\\ \implies a\cdot b^2\cdot a^2&\cdot b =b\cdot a^2\cdot b^2\cdot a\\ \implies ab \cdot ba \cdot a&b=ba\cdot ab\cdot ba \end{align}$$  I am unable to proceed further.  What I need is a simple proof using simple theorems on groups, better if could be done using elementary properties.


What if my State / Country doesn't have a Ubuntu LoCo Team? How can I start one?

I know what an Ubuntu Team is and , but what can users do if their area doesn't have a LoCo team?


How to understand why $x^0 = 1$, where $x$ is any real number?

Alright, so the idea of an exponent, $x$, is that you are multiplying its base by itself $x$ number of times. With base $5$ and $x=3$, we have that $5^3$ = $5 \cdot 5 \cdot 5$  I understand that the logarithm with base $a$ of $x = c$,  tells us that  $$a^c = x$$  and for $c =$ positive; values for $x$ are greater than $1$, and for $c =$ negative; values for $x$ are less than $1$,  and for $c = 0$, values for $x$ are...$1$.  So in short, I understand how, by means of observation of the graph of $f(x) = \log x$, we can see that $f(1) = 0$, BUT, I see no other way to understand why $x^0 = 1$, apart from the graph and everything around that very point.  I honestly cannot get my head around the idea, "$5$ times itself $0$ times... is one".  Is it that there is no fundamental answer for this but that we simply know by the graph? Or can I truly understand $x^0 = 1$ on its own?