unittest - run the same test for a list of inputs and outputs

I have this test  import unittest  class TestName(unittest.TestCase):          def setUp(self):                 self.name = "Bob"                 self.expected_name = "Bob"           def test_name(self):                 # ... some operation over self.name                 print self.name                 self.assertEquals(self.name, self.expected_name)  if __name__ == '__main__':         unittest.main(verbosity=2)   how I can run instances for the test ?   run the same test for a list of inputs and outputs (["Bob", "Alice", ...]) , maybe like  TestName(name="Bob", expected_name="Bob") TestName(name="Alice", expected_name="Alice")


Getting attribute table into Excel spreadsheet?

How can I get an attribute table into an excel spreadsheet?   I don't have the tool for that because I am using ArcGIS Desktop 10.0.


I've been trying for days now to get Oracle 11g installed on Ubuntu 14.04. There are a number of notes / tutorials on this, and I've tried more than ten of them, but I keep encountering the same issue once running the Oracle installer, at the 'Link Binaries' step it always complains with this message:  Error in invoking target 'install' of makefile '/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/ctx/lib/ins_ctx.mk'. See '/u01/app/oraInventory/logs/installActions2015-01-07_03-25-51OM.log' for details.   In the log file it says  INFO: //usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libstdc++.so.5: undefined reference to `memcpy@GLIBC_2.14' collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status   From the tens of forums I've trawled through, most seem to suggest that the problem is that Ubuntu comes with libstdc++6 installed but Oracle 11gR2 requires libstdc++5.  So, as suggested in many places, I've done something similar to the following, although I had to dig around a bit to find the right versions:  wget http://mirrors.kernel.org/ubuntu/pool/universe/g/gcc-3.3/libstdc++5_3.3.6-17ubuntu1_amd64.deb dpkg-deb -x libstdc++5_3.3.6-17ubuntu1_amd64.deb ia64-libs sudo cp ia64-libs/usr/lib/libstdc++.so.5.0.7 /usr/lib64/ cd /usr/lib64/ sudo ln -s libstdc++.so.5.0.7 libstdc++.so.5  wget http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/universe/i/ia32-libs/ia32-libs_2.7ubuntu6.1_amd64.deb dpkg-deb -x ia32-libs_2.7ubuntu6.1_amd64.deb ia32-libs sudo cp ia32-libs/usr/lib32/libstdc++.so.5.0.7 /usr/lib32/ cd /usr/lib32 sudo ln -s libstdc++.so.5.0.7 libstdc++.so.5   But it... just... doesn't... work!  I've rebooted etc to make sure this take effect, but no luck. This is on a clean install of Ubuntu 14.04, with nothing but some proxy settings setup, and java 7 installed.  I've created a separate oracle user (and an oinstall and dba group), and I su to the oracle user before running the runInstaller script from the extracted oracle download.  Does anyone have a step-by-step guide applicable to Ubuntu 14.04 and Oracle 11gR2?    Update Fri 09 Jan 2015  Some more info that may be relevant.  In /usr/lib32/ I have this:  lrwxrwxrwx  1 root root     18 Jan  7 15:22 libstdc++.so.5 -> libstdc++.so.5.0.7 -rw-r--r--  1 root root 737192 Jan  7 15:21 libstdc++.so.5.0.7   In /usr/lib64/ I have this:  lrwxrwxrwx  1 root root     42 Jan  7 13:46 libc_nonshared.a -> /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc_nonshared.a lrwxrwxrwx  1 root root     48 Jan  7 13:47 libpthread_nonshared.a -> /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpthread_nonshared.a lrwxrwxrwx  1 root root     18 Jan  7 14:52 libstdc++.so.5 -> libstdc++.so.5.0.7 -rw-r--r--  1 root root 829792 Jan  7 14:51 libstdc++.so.5.0.7 lrwxrwxrwx  1 root root     40 Jan  7 13:47 libstdc++.so.6 -> /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libstdc++.so.6   In ~/.bashrc (for the oracle user) I have this:  export TMP=/tmp export TMPDIR=$TMP export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1 export ORACLE_SID=mydb export PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/lib32:/usr/lib64:$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib:$CLASSPATH


Is it possible to prove Gamma function's duplication formula without complex analysis?

For Gamma function's duplication formula $$\Gamma (z)\;\Gamma \left(z+{\frac  {1}{2}}\right)=2^{{1-2z}}\;{\sqrt  {\pi }}\;\Gamma (2z)$$ , if limit $z$ to real numbers, i.e. $z\in \mathbb R$, is it possible to prove it using basic analysis, i.e. not relying on complex analysis or beta, zeta etc functions?


What's the best CRLF (carriage return, line feed) handling strategy with Git?

I tried committing files with CRLF-ending lines, but it failed.  I spent a whole work day on my Windows computer trying different strategies and was almost drawn to stop trying to use Git and instead try .  Please share only one best practice per answer.


In love letter there are some situations, when players have to compare their hands (after using the Baron card or at the end of the round). What happens if there is a draw? Situation 1:  A: House maiden (4), Baron(3), B: House maiden(4) , C: Priest(2) A plays baron on B, both have House maiden.  What happens? Also what happens, if there is no player C? Situation 2:  End of the round A: House maiden (4), B: House maiden(4) , C: Priest(2)  Who wins this round? Both A and B? C? No one? Edit the answer in  answered only for the second situation. the first one is answered by Ken.


Does there exist a $1$-error-correcting binary code with block length $6$ and $9$ codewords?   The Hamming bound says that for any code $C$ with those parameters, $|C| \le \frac{2^6}{1+6} \approx 9.14$. So, we can't rule out the existence of such a code using the Hamming bound. The Singleton bound says that for any code $C$ with those parameters, $|C| \le 2^{6-3+1} = 16$, so we can't rule out the existence of such a code using the Singleton bound. Also, this can't be a linear code, since $\log_2 9$ isn't an integer. That rules out the possibility of just enumerating the possible generator matrices.   I feel a bit silly asking this, but the direct approach (assume $000\ 000$ is in the code, then all others must have Hamming weight $\ge 3$, ...) becomes unmanageable quickly. How else can I go about this?


Equivalent of window["myString"] for Local Variable

Let say I got a string with the name of the variable I want to create.  If I want to create it with a global scope, I'd use window["myString"] = 100; or global["myString"] = 100; on Nodejs.  Is there a way to do the same but create the variable with local scope? (Ex: Inside a function)  EDIT: Note: The goal is to access the variable with its name directly. Ex: myString  I already know that I could easily create a object that would have the value as an attribute. Ex: obj.myString. But this is not what I'm looking for.


I'm looking for a story I read about 40 years ago in which there is memory retaining glass... At first people place sheets of the glass in lovely places, so that it can be fitted into a window frame and give the house's owners a lovely view, with e.g. birds flying over, weather, etc.  Later in the story the uses turn a little more sinister and particles of the glass are used to spy on people - one thing I remember is a woman brushing her husband's shoulders for glass to see if he's been unfaithful! - but I think the implication (if it wasn't stated) was that once all privacy is gone, how we live changes radically. (Implications for social media and tracking technology... I'd love to read this now! Some ideas just haunt you...)   Does anyone know this story and where I can find it?


Every time I start a new QGIS project, I have to add the BETA2007.gsb NTv2 Transformation. I would like to modify my QGIS settings in a way, that the NTv2 is automatically added to the project.  When I start a new QGIS Projekt, the following setting dissapears and I need to add the transformation again.    After I add the NTv2 manually via the QGIS UI, in which file is it added?   QGIS has to make a reference somewhere.  I'm using QGIS 3.4.13


How to grant permissions for some role to execute custom Rules Components?

I created a view (table) and i asociated views bulk operations. I created 4 rules components. I have permissions only for user/1 (admin). Another user role (eg. editor) can't see these options. "editor" user can see only "DELETE ITEM" rule components.  In permissions I have only the default actions (components); I created 4 new Rules Components, and these aren't displayed in Admin > People > Permissions.  Is there another method (trick) to give permissions for another role for custom Rules Components? Am I missing something?


If M+N and M$\cap$N are finitely generated modules, so are M and N.

The question asks to prove that if $M+N$ and $M \cap N$ are finitely generated modules, then M and N are also finitely generated.  I've tried to use basic definitions, but all failed.   I set some examples to study how I can find a generating set for M (or N) when I have the generators of $M+N$ and $M \cap N$ but then I realized that there's no simple way to do so because $3\mathbb{Z}+5\mathbb{Z}=\mathbb{Z}$ is a finitely generated $\mathbb{Z}$-module generated by $\{1\}$ and $3\mathbb{Z} \cap 5\mathbb{Z}=15 \mathbb{Z}$ is also a finitely generated $\mathbb{Z}$-module generated by $\{15\}$ but $M=3\mathbb{Z}$ is generated by $\{3\}$ which doesn't tell me anything conclusive.   I then set $M=\{(x,y,0): x,y \in \mathbb{R} \}$ and $N=\{(x,0,z): x,z \in \mathbb{R} \}$. Then $M+N=\mathbb{R}^3$ and $M \cap N = \{ (x,0,0): x \in \mathbb{R} \}$ both are finitely generated modules. The set $\{(0,1,1),(0,-1,1),(1,0,-1)\}$  is a generator for $M+N=\mathbb{R}^3$ and $\{(1,0,0)\}$ is a generator for $M \cap N$ but again there's no obvious way of obtaining generators for M or N.  Any insightful ideas will be appreciated.  EDIT:  I have to add  that this question is an exercise in the chapter 1 of the book I'm reading. Chapter 1 covers only basic definitions of modules, examples of modules, sub-modules, quotient modules and generating sets for modules. R-homomorphisms, exact sequences, Isomorphism theorems extended for modules, all are discussed in chapter 2. So I think I'm not allowed to use the materials covered in chapter 2 to solve exercises in chapter 1.


I need to run an rsync command from Python. Is this possible and if so, how do I do it?  rsync -Ccavz --delete DJStatic username@website


How to solve this indefinite real integral?

I have to solve the following real integral $$ \int_{0}^{\infty}  \frac{x^3} {{e^x -1}{}} dx$$ Using complex analysis I split it in 4 different integral, according to big Circle lemma the integral along the big circle is zero that heads to: $$ P.V. \int_{0}^{\infty}  \frac{x^3} {{e^x -1}{}} dx = \int_{\gamma_\epsilon}^{}  \frac{x^3} {{e^x -1}{}} $$ Using little circle lemma the second integral gives $$ 8\pi^4 $$ It's this result correct?


Check if $REPLY is in a range of numbers

I'm writing a shell script for Linux, using Bash, to translate any video-file into a MP4. For that, I'm using avconv with libvorbis for audio.   Inside my script, I have a question for the user :   read -p "- Audio Quality [scale from -2 to 10] ? "     if [ -n "$REPLY" ] ; then     ABITRATE="-aq $REPLY"     fi   My "ABITRATE" string goes into the final avconv command-line.  But I would like to give the user the opportunity to answer that question with a value in Kb (Kilobit), and translate it into the scale that libvorbis uses. The "scale from -2 to 10" is this :   Quality Kbit/s  Normalization -----------------------------  -2      ~32        y  -1      ~48        y   0      ~64        y   1      ~80        y   2      ~96        y   3     ~112        y   4     ~128        n   5     ~160        n   6     ~192        n   7     ~224        n   8     ~256        n   9     ~320        n  10     ~500        n   I would like to know how to check if my $REPLY is in a range of number. For example, I would like my script to do something like this :   if [ $REPLY is a number between 1 and 32 ] ; then   REPLY="-2" elif [ $REPLY is a number between 33 and 48 ] ; then   REPLY="-1" fi   Is this possible (I'm willing to say 'yes of course, shouldn't be hard' but I don't know the syntax to use) ?


What's in a good all purpose city commuting winter tire?

How do I determine what factors lead to a good all purpose city commuting winter tire? Does the rim matter?  I'd like to not have to worry too much about looking out for and avoiding black ice, mainly because I'm not sure you can even do that reliably?  I'll be riding on roads and bike paths but if I encounter an unplowed section, I'd want to be able to get thru the snow without too much trouble.  I am interested in NYC so please factor that into your reply if possible, although a general answer would be great. FYI in NYC in January there's 8 inches of snow across 4 days, and 4 inches of rain across 10 days. Average temperature is 26F low, 38F high.


Proof of a fact regarding uniformly convergent functions

Denote the pointwise limit of $f_{n}(x)$ as $f(x)$. Define $M_n = sup_{x \ \in E} |f_{n}(x) - f(x)|$. Show that $f_n \to f$ uniformly iff $M_n \to 0$ as $n \to \infty$ Not sure how to start. Any tips would be appreciated!I know I have to show both directions since it is an iff statement.


big O notation for removing an element from a linked list

I was reading about linked lists. I found that : Removing an desired element from a linked list takes O(n) running time, where n is the number of elements in the list.    But in this webpage I found that deletion an element from a linked list is: O(1).   Which one of the above big O notation is the correct one for deletion from a linked list.  Thanks


series: $\frac{1}{2\cdot 3\cdot 4}+\frac{1}{4\cdot 5\cdot 6}+\frac{1}{6\cdot 7\cdot 8}+\cdots$

We have the infinite series:$$\frac{1}{2\cdot 3\cdot 4}+\frac{1}{4\cdot 5\cdot 6}+\frac{1}{6\cdot 7\cdot 8}+\cdots$$   This is not my series: $\frac{1}{1\cdot 2\cdot 3}+\frac{1}{2\cdot 3\cdot 4}+\frac{1}{3\cdot 4\cdot 5}+\frac{1}{4\cdot 5\cdot 6}+\cdots$ so I cannot use $\sum_{k=1}^n \frac{1}{k(k+1)(k+2)}$  My attempt:  I know that this type of series solved by making it telescoping series but here, I am unable find general term of the series. Thank you.


Apache on Ubuntu 12.04: How to find what causes folder to appear under /var/www

I noticed that a folder with the name of a website I removed keeps appearing under /var/www. I checked and it is created by www-data. I suspect that it's something malicious.  How can I find out what causes this?


My ESTA approval if I have previously had a B1 refusal

I applied for a B1 visa to attend a conference in the USA in 2013. I had another nationality (Non- VWP) at the time and my B1 application rejected under section 306 of border security. I now can apply for ESTA under my new nationality. Can my ESTA application get approved? If not and I need to apply for visa is it every time I need to travel to stated or is it just the first time?


Can I dual-boot my old Windows 7 with my free Windows 10?

I've upgraded my Windows 7 computer to Windows 10 using the free upgrade offer. Am I allowed to install Windows 7 again, alongside my new Windows 10 installation, or does the upgrade deal require me to choose which one I want to use, going forward?  Currently I still have the option to "Go back to Windows 7". Would I be right in thinking this "unlicenses" me for Windows 10?


Hey i have dual boot windows and Ubuntu. When i installed ubuntu all Local Disks worked well but when some time past i can not access to local disk D. I have very important files there. I cant access to windows too it is broken. When i try to mount local disk D it shows me the error:     Error mounting system-managed device /dev/sda3: Command-line `mount   "/mnt/94EE82ACEE8285E8"' exited with non-zero exit status 13:   ntfs_attr_pread_i: ntfs_pread failed: Input/output error Failed to   calculate free MFT records: Input/output error NTFS is either   inconsistent, or there is a hardware fault, or it's a   SoftRAID/FakeRAID hardware. In the first case run chkdsk /f on Windows   then reboot into Windows twice. The usage of the /f parameter is very   important! If the device is a SoftRAID/FakeRAID then first activate it   and mount a different device under the /dev/mapper/ directory, (e.g.   /dev/mapper/nvidia_eahaabcc1). Please see the 'dmraid' documentation   for more details.   Can i mount local disk somehow from Ubuntu?


Map, how to print both the "key string" and "value string" together

I'm new to Java and is trying to learn the concept of Maps.   I have came up with the code below. However, I want to print out the "key String" and "value String" at the same time.   ProcessBuilder pb1 = new ProcessBuilder(); Map<String, String> mss1 = pb1.environment(); System.out.println(mss1.size());  for (String key: mss1.keySet()){     System.out.println(key); }   I could only find method that print only the "key String".


Why hyperbolics function are called 'hyperbolic'?

I am studying now calculus and I am learning about hyperbolic function. But I can't understand why hyperbolic functions are called 'hyperbolics' Is there any relation between hyperbolic function and hyperbola? And why there are natural constant e in function? I saw some information that notices the relation between them in Wikipedia, so I try to find the relation as integrating the hyperbola, but I can't solve that. Please tell me why they are called 'hyperbolic' and derivate the hyperbolic function. (If the hyperbolic function is just defined so, please tell me why they are defined so.)


What is the antonym of 'virtual machine'?  A  (VM) is a piece of software pretending to be a piece of hardware. There can be virtual servers, virtual desktops...  I googled around a bit and did not find anything.    I am creating a list that has Servers, Desktops and Virtual Machines; where Servers & Desktops are understood to only include non-VMs, I need to add two more items to the list    Severs VM & (virtual machine antonym) Desktop VM & (virtual machine antonym)   I need a word to replace "(virtual machine antonym)" I was thinking "Hard" but not sure that is appropriate.    The Audience is IT Professionals.


Can I use WHERE IN when I have combined primary key?

So if I have a table with primary key consisted of one id, I can update multiple rows by writing   UPDATE tableA SET colA = 'newValue' WHERE id IN (1,3,5,7,9)   Can I do it somehow if I have primary key consisted of 2 columns? I would like to update multiple rows providing some kind of array of keys.


Minimize browser window using Javascript

Is there a Javascript or jQuery method to minimize the current browser window?


Prove that a 2 by 2 matrix C with tr(C)=0 can be written as C=AB-BA, where A and B are 2 by 2 matrices

"Let C be a 2 by 2 matrix with tr(C) = 0. Prove that C can be written as C=AB-BA, where A and B are 2 by 2 matrices."  Although it doesn't say, I think the field is complex number field. Also, this question can be solved without using determinants or considering invertibility since it's from a introductory chapter that hasn't discussed invertibility and determinants. Please provide a hint, and not the answer, to the solution.


Let $(X,d)$ be a metric space and $ a \in X $ Show that $f(x) = d(x,a)$ is a Lipschitz function from X to $\Re$ Use this fact to show $S$ is an open subset of $X$: Let $(X,d)$ be a metric space and $a \in X, r > 0.$ Let $S$={$x \in X : d(a,x) > r$}  >Lipschitz Defn:  Let $f$ be a function from $(X,d)$ to $(Y,\rho)$ $f$ is said to be Lipschitz if: $\exists$ K $\geq$ 0 s.t. $\rho( f(x_1) , f(x_2) ) \leq$ Kd($x_1$,$x_2$) $\forall$ $x_1 x_2 \in X$  >Continuity Defn:  Let $(X,d)$ and $(Y,\rho)$ be metric spaces, and $f: X \to Y$ Then $f$ is continuous $iff$ f$^{-1}$($B$) = { $x \in X : f(x) \in B $} is an open subset of $X$, whenever $B$ is an open subset of $Y$  >Triangle Inequality for a Metric:  $d(x,z) \leq d(x,y) + d(y,z)$   My first question is, am I thinking about this correctly? If $f(x)$ is a Lipschitz function, it is uniformly continuous If $f(x)$ is uniformly continuous, it is continuous at every point If $f(x)$ is continuous at every point $\Rightarrow$ the inverse images of open sets are open Hence $S$ is an open subset of $X$.  Secondly, how would you formally construct this? We know $f(x) = d(x,a)$ s.t. $f:X \to \Re$ By definition of Lipschitz we have $\exists  K \geq 0$  s.t. $\rho(f(x_1),f(x_2)) \leq Kd(x_1,x_2) \forall x_1,x_2 \in X$ & since our codomain is $\Re$ $\rho(f(x_1),f(x_2)) = | d(x_1,a) - d(x_2,a) | \leq Kd(x_1,x_2)$ Taking $K=1$ $\ldots$ Help in finishing this off would be appreciated. Thanks.


After I installed 14.04 desktop, launcher on left side is missing

After I installed the ubuntu 14.04 desktop, the unity launcher on left side is not appearing. I have confirmed that unity is installed.


why is algebraic multiplicity always equal to the geometric multiplicity of distinct eigen values corresponding to Symmetric matrices?

In other words why is symmetric matrix always diagonalizable? could someone explain intuitively?


What's really the difference between:  env VARIABLE=VALUE command   and   VARIABLE=VALUE command   in bash-compatible shells?   Note: I've done some testing myself and I couldn't see any difference  Edit: An example would be  EDITOR=nano visudo   vs  env EDITOR=nano visudo


The inverse fourier transform of $\operatorname{sinc}\left(\omega\right)$ by definition

I'm struggling on computing the fourier inverse transform of $\operatorname{sinc}\left(\omega\right)$ by definition, that is, given a fourier transform $F(\omega)$ the fourier inverse transform is defined to be:  $$f(t)=\frac{1}{2\pi}\int_{-\infty}^{\infty}F(\omega)e^{i\omega t}d\omega$$  After substitutions one gets:  $$f(t)=\frac{1}{2\pi}\int_{-\infty}^{\infty}\frac{1}{\omega}\sin(\omega)e^{i\omega t}d\omega$$  So substitution doesn't seem to help as I don't see any function and its derivative. Moreover, If I tried to do integration by parts, it is not obvious what are the parts.  I also tried to make use of the following identity: $$\sin(x)=\frac{e^{ix}-e^{-ix}}{2i}$$  and then I get:  $$f(t)=\frac{1}{2\pi}\int_{-\infty}^{\infty}\frac{e^{i\omega }-e^{-i\omega }}{2\omega i}e^{i\omega t}d\omega$$


Let f(x) be a  polynomial satisfying $\lim_{x \to\infty} \frac{x^4f(x)}{x^8+1}=3,$  $f(2)=5 $ and $f(3)=10$, $f(-1)=2$ and $f(-6)=37$ . And then there are some question related to this. In the solution it is given that according to the given information, $f(x)$ is a polynomial of degree 4 with leading coefficient 3. $f(x)=3(x-2)(x-3)(x+1)(x+6)+(x^2+1)$ Now what i think is that he got the coefficient 3 using the limits and the rest of the terms$[(x-2)(x-3)(x+1)(x+6)]$ from the respective $f(x)$ values from what was given and also the $(x^2+1)$ was added for the remainders, as they satisfy all the values that have been given to us in the question. I just wanted to know if my approach is right? or is there another elegant way to do it?.


Converting complex number raised to a power to polar form

How would one convert $(1+i)^n$ to polar form?  I've heard about de Morgan's law but I don't know how to apply it here.


Installing Jelly Bean on China-made Ice Cream Sandwich tablet

I just bought this China-made tablet, Flytouch, and it has Ice Cream Sandwich installed on it.  Is there anyway to install Jelly Bean? I Googled some and couldn't find a good source. Do you know any? thanks


Set different css stylesheet for specific pages

Is it possible to assign a css stylesheet to specific pages only?  If so how?   Can I use something like this? Not sure how to specify the pages though?  add_action( 'wp_enqueue_scripts', 'enqueue_theme_css' );  function enqueue_theme_css() {     wp_enqueue_style(         'default',         get_template_directory_uri() . '/css/default.css'     ); }


On click isn't working for some reason .. where did I go wrong?

I know that on click is used for dynamically generated elements ... so my AJAX returns data and the link to be clicked on ... but for some reason , nothing happens .. below is my code  // jquery for the click event     $(".back_to_followers").on('click', function(event){        event.preventDefault();       alert('clicked');       $('.user_media_result').empty();       $('.user_media_result').hide();       $('.list_of_followers').show();     });   and the link brought by AJAX  <a class="back_to_followers" style="color:blue; font-size:20px;" href="#"> Back to list of followers </a>


Find all functions $g:\mathbb{R}\to\mathbb{R}$ with $g(x+y)+g(x)g(y)=g(xy)+g(x)+g(y)$ for all $x,y$.  I think the solutions are $0, 2, x$. If $g(x)$ is not identically $2$, then $g(0)=0$. I'm trying to show if $g$ is not constant, then $g(1)=1$. I have $g(x+1)=(2-g(1))g(x)+g(1)$. So if $g(1)=1$, we can show inductively that $g(n)=n$ for integer $n$. Maybe then extend to rationals and reals.


How to set up multiple passwords for one wireless network?

I want to set up a WiFi network, like a digital cafe where people can pay to use the internet for 24 hours.  I would need a system of one password per user so one password wouldn't work for 20 people. I'd also need a way for them to pay with PayPal before accessing the internet. Once they paid, they would be given a unique password that would work for 24 hours.  How do I do this?


Unable to connect to Raspberry Pi3 by hostname from Android VNC Viewer

I installed VNC Viewer on my Ubuntu from . Then, I could connect to my Raspberry PI by both hostname and IP address. However, I can't do the same from my Samsung Note 8 I can't connect by hostname - I'm getting something like "Cannot resolve hostname". If I use the IP address then I don't have any problem.   Ubuntu PC, Samsung Note 8 and Raspberry PI3 are all connected to the same WIFI network.  Can someone explain what is wrong here?


Because of the great answers posted around in the site, I'm finally considering to do the switch and move to biblatex. So, the question is what do I have to do?  To give the question some focus, assume that I already have a somewhat largish .bib file and a bunch of documents using natbib for my references. What do I have to change in my existing .bib and .tex files?  And what about coauthors? Would it be reasonably simple to instruct them how to work with the new documents using biblatex? Do they have to install new software/packages as well?


If n = $\frac{a^{2p}-1}{a^2-1}$ where $a$ is an integer $>1$ and $p$ is an odd prime, then $n$ is pseudoprime to the base $a$.

Show that if $n = \frac{a^{2p}-1}{a^2-1}$ where $a$ is an integer $>1$ and $p$ is an oddprime that doesn't divide $a(a^2-1)$, then $n$ is pseudoprime to the base $a$. Conclude that there are infinitely many pseudoprimes to any base $a$.   This seems to be similar to Fermat's Little Theorem: We would usually have to prove $a^{p-1} \equiv 1$ (mod p), but in this case it seems to replaced the p with n (which seems to contain p either way). My question is, how would I go about proving this?   So far, I have if $2p|(n-1)$ and $a^{2p}\equiv 1$ (mod n) , then we can conclude that $a^{n-1} \equiv 1$ (mod n).  Since $p$ is odd, $2p$ should make it even, we can also see that $(n-1) = \frac{a^{2p}-1}{a^2-1}-1$   I'm not entirely sure what path to take after this.


I'm getting null value from web element object in code below

I getting null value from web element object in code below.  Im currently getting a null pointer exception error.  WebElement element = null; String locatorVal = "userId"; element = Constant.driver.findElement(By.id(locatorVal));


How to vertically stretch each row, or whole table, in a tabularx table

I would like my LaTeX produced table to look more vertically stretched, so it wouldn't appear so vertically compact. I would like it to look more like the google docs equivalent (see pic). How would I go about doing this?  \usepackage{tabularx}  \usepackage{booktabs} \usepackage{array  \begin{center} \begin{tabularx}{\textwidth}{     >{\raggedright\arraybackslash\hsize=0.348\hsize}X     >{\centering\arraybackslash\hsize=0.1\hsize}X    >{\raggedleft\arraybackslash\hsize=0.138\hsize}X     >{\raggedleft\arraybackslash\hsize=0.138\hsize}X     >{\raggedleft\arraybackslash\hsize=0.138\hsize}X     >{\raggedleft\arraybackslash\hsize=0.138\hsize}X }     \setlength\cellspacetoplimit{6pt}     \setlength\cellspacebottomlimit{6pt}   & & Unrestricted Funds 2019 & Restricted Funds 2019 & Total Funds 2019 & Total Funds 2018\\   & \small{Note} & £ & £ & £ & £\\   \textsc{Income} &&&&&\\    \hspace{3mm} Voluntary Income & \footnotesize{2} & 43,933 & - & 43,933 & 36,196\\   \hspace{3mm} Investment Income & \footnotesize{2} & - & - & - & 31\\   \hspace{3mm} Charitable Activities & \footnotesize{2} & 597 & - & 597 & 530\\ \cmidrule{3-6}   \textsc{Total Income} && 44,530 & - & 44,530 & 36,757\\[10mm]   \textsc{Expenditure} &&&&&\\   \hspace{3mm} Charitable Activities & \footnotesize{3,4,5,6} & 39,359 & - & 39,359 & 28,343\\   \hspace{3mm} Governance Costs & \footnotesize{4} & 412 & - & 412 & 110\\ \cmidrule{3-6}   \textsc{Total Expenditure} && 39,771 & - & 39,771 & 28,453\\[10mm]   \textsc{Net Income (Expenditure)} && 4,759 & - &4,759 & 8,304\\   \textsc{Net Movement in Funds} && 4,759 & - &4,759 & 8,304\\[10mm]   \textsc{Reconciliation of Funds} &&&&&\\   Total Funds Brought Forward && 35,356 & - &35,356 & 27,052\\   Total Funds Carried Forward && 40,115 & - &40,115 & 35,356\\ \cmidrule{3-6} \end{tabularx} \end{center}       Google Docs version:


How to shut down Ubuntu 11.10 host from within a Windows 7 VirtualBox guest?

I have installed virtual box 4.2 on a Ubuntu 11.10 host.  I have Windows 7 as the only guest OS.  I'm able to auto start Windows 7 virtual when Ubuntu boots by adding it in start application with the command "VBoxMange startvm Win7" in the command option.  Now when I shutdown Windows 7 , the virtualbox program is getting closed, but I go back to Ubuntu, when I want to have Ubuntu shut down as well when I click Shutdown in Windows 7 in Virtualbox.  This is an assignment for me. Can anybody please help me on this?  Also, when virtual box starts up automatically, Ubuntu's desktop should not be visible.


Unable to trigger off events when input ID is clicked

Currently have the following code, where by when the button is clicked, i want it to trigger off certain events, however, nothing seems to happen. Any help would be benficial:  Appending input button:  var row = $("

").addClass("row resource").attr("resource", "new"); var label = $("").addClass("label imaged").text("New resource"); var spanEl = $("&nbsp").addClass("defaultJobType"); spanEl.append($("<input id ='setDefaultJobType' type='submit' name='Default' value='Set Default'/>"));         label.append(spanEl);   When clicked, it should go into the following code:  $("#setDefaultJobType", context).click(function() {                 clickedDefaultJob($(this));             });   Which triggers of the following:  function clickedDefaultJob($el) {             //Remove bold tags from previous job type             $("div.row.ordertype").each(function(){                    if(($(this).text()).length>0){                     $("strong").contents().unwrap();                    }                 })             //assign default bold text to selected job type             var row = $el.closest(".row");             var rowNumber = row.attr("key");             var defaultVal = row.find(".defaultVal INPUT");             var jobTypeNameEl = $el.closest(".label.imaged");             jobTypeNameEl.wrapInner("");             var value = jobTypeNameEl.text();             updateSetting("<%=Setting.SET_DEFAULT_JOBTYPE%>", rowNumber, "int");         }


I stopped the windows7 update process while it was downloading files. (I have a laptop that is seldom used and has 76 updates to be applied.)  If I restart it, will it pickup where it was, or will it start over?  Sp1 is on.  I have 76 updates to be applied. I am using wi-fi(which shouldn't matter. I am in the process of downloading them.  Extremely slow, most of the down loads use less than 1% of capacity.  Long waits between downloads.  I stopped the downloads and connected to the direct lan connection I have on my desktop.   same thing,  just really poor performance!!  Thanks for the replies.


iPhone - Edited photos reverting to original state

I am facing a strange phenomena on my iPhone X running iOS 11.3. Whenever I edit a photo in the Photos app, the edits simply disappear the next day. Any photos I edit, all of them revert to the original state the next day. I've also noticed, when I take a photo in the Portrait mode, it reverts to no portrait bokeh effect, as well.  Does anyone have any idea what's going on and how to fix this issue? Is it a possibly bug of iOS 11.3?  Edit: This question is not a duplicate! The issue is the same, however, the question is different


How can I change PulseAudio port priorities?

I list sources and sinks as follows:  pactl list sources pactl list sinks   The output I get is:  ...     Ports:         analog-input-internal-mic: Internal Microphone (priority: 8900)         analog-input-headphone-mic: Microphone (priority: 8700)         analog-input-headset-mic: Headset Microphone (priority: 8800) ...     Ports:         analog-output-speaker: Speakers (priority: 10000)         analog-output-headphones: Headphones (priority: 9000, available)    How do I change the priorities listed above and have them fixed at what I change them to? Note that I am not looking to set a default source and sink or to delete unwanted sources or sinks, I just want to be able to assign them different priorities.


What benefits would I see upgrading from 14.04 to 15.04 and what are some caveats? My system is pretty solid running on a dual core i5, 8gb, 512ssd, hd3000. I'm a newer Linux user and I don't do a lot of CLI foo, only How To's that seem interesting. Any thoughts on this issue? Should this be asked in the chat?


Is there a way to setup Skydrive sync service on Ubuntu?  According to winehq I can not use wine to install skydrive so I am looking for a way to install it on Linux


Is there a way I can search the Tags for tags with no tag wiki created yet?


Gray polygon appears in render/camera view but not user perspective

I'm working on an assignment for an animation class and there is a gray polygon appearing in my camera persp view and in my renders and I cannot figure out what is causing it.  Here is the blend file:


I would like to use the catchfilebetweentags package together with the lstlisting one. The output is a fatal error.  Let us consider below the following minimal example.   \documentclass{article} \usepackage{catchfilebetweentags} \usepackage{listings} \begin{document}  \begin{lstlisting}%This one works fine     x=0     L=[] \end{lstlisting} \ExecuteMetaData[Untitled2.tex]{mytag} \end{document}    and the auxiliary file that I want to include, containing few lines of lstlisting code.  \documentclass{article} \begin{document} Some text.  %<*mytag> Text to be included in the main file. This is the first line and this is the second line. See the problem? \begin{lstlisting}     x=0     L=[] \end{lstlisting} %</mytag> \end{document}


Can I control postgresql to use a dedicated index?

As we known, there'is a command called "force index" within mysql database. So this can force mysql to use an index whether optimizer like or not. And my confusion is that how to do the same thing on postgresql? Any reply will be appreciated.


error while im trying to show sharepoint list in external website as an embedded web content

When I try to access some sharepoint list as embedded website from external website I'm getting this error: "This content cannot be displayed in a frame". To help protect the security of information you enter into this website, the publisher of this content does not allow it to be displayed in a frame. Does any one have any idea what can I do? Thank you all.


ArXiv requires submission of .bbl instead of .bib. What is .bbl and how is it used with .tex files?


Training loss low, but testing loss is high

I am trying to classify a particular image.  My labels are PatternA and NotPatternA.  NotPatternA is any image that I have not classified as PatternA. There are very few PatternAs compared to NotPatternA. In my data I have 500 PatternA and 6000 NotPatternA.  I construct my training and testing sets, by choosing 400 from PatternA at random for training and the remaining 100 I put into Testing.  For NotPatternA I randomly draw a sample of 500 images and again split it 400/100 into training and testing.  After 10 epochs I start to get very low loss and high accuracy (near 100%). BUT testing gives me very high loss (2+). However, testing accuracy is also good (near 80%).  Why might my testing loss be so high?


In terms of temperature, how can you tell if food is thawed?

I am planning to place a meal (salmon + rice) in the refrigerator to thaw it. I will use a thermometer to check if the food is thawed. What is the temperature range for when the meal has been successfully thawed?


Can U tell me what are the advantages and reasons of using GET method in php?  Why even use it if there is POST? Why do some websites use both GET and POST at the same time?  Can U name main reasons? cheers


How to add dynamic key in javascript object and remove that after operation has completed?

I have a array of objects , take the below code as a example:  Let Data =  [             {               "helptext": "streetAddress_description_text",               "name": "addressLine1",               "label": "streetAddress_label",               "placeholder": "streetAddress_sample",               "type": "text",               "required": true             },             {               "helptext": "streetAddress2_descriptor_text",               "name": "addressLine2",               "label": "streetAddress2_label",               "placeholder": "streetAddress2_sample",               "type": "text",               "required": false             },             {               "name": "city",               "label": "city_label",               "placeholder": "city_sample",               "type": "text",               "required": true             } ]   Here i need to add a unique value in the objects that is present inside the array.Example id   [             {               "helptext": "streetAddress_description_text",               "name": "addressLine1",               "label": "streetAddress_label",               "placeholder": "streetAddress_sample",               "type": "text",               "required": true,                "id":1             },             {               "helptext": "streetAddress2_descriptor_text",               "name": "addressLine2",               "label": "streetAddress2_label",               "placeholder": "streetAddress2_sample",               "type": "text",               "required": false,                "id":2             },             {               "name": "city",               "label": "city_label",               "placeholder": "city_sample",               "type": "text",               "required": true,                "id":3             } ]   And i am using the above object for some operation. Take an example i am rearranging the object position. Eg:   [              {               "name": "city",               "label": "city_label",               "placeholder": "city_sample",               "type": "text",               "required": true,                "id":3             },             {               "helptext": "streetAddress2_descriptor_text",               "name": "addressLine2",               "label": "streetAddress2_label",               "placeholder": "streetAddress2_sample",               "type": "text",               "required": false,                "id":2             },             {               "helptext": "streetAddress_description_text",               "name": "addressLine1",               "label": "streetAddress_label",               "placeholder": "streetAddress_sample",               "type": "text",               "required": true,                "id":1             } ]    After this process, i need to removed the id which we have added in the first process. And sumbiting the value to the server. Is there any way to achieve this.  Please help me with this. Thanks in advance


I still have problems computing (without a calculator) for example: $R_{21}(3^{234})$  I know i have to use the chinese reminder theorem, bu before that, how do i get there? I know that i haw to split 21 into primes, e.g. $3*7$, and therefor $R_{3*7}((3^{39})^6)=..$.   I hope someone can briefly explain this to me with the given example, would be happy!   Thank you.


How do I put an image texture on a material in Cycles?

I am creating a model of a glass and I would like to put a drawing on it (a png picture).  I know how to do it using Blender Render, but not with Cycles Render. Help :)


How do I remove newline character from lines preceding a particular pattern?

I have a file like this: 1 22 1 4 $3 3 5556 $33 $233 $1 5  I want to move all the lines starting with $ to the previous line by replacing the newline characters with a space. My result should look something like: 1 22 1 4 $3 3 5556 $33 $233 $1 5  How can I do it using sed or grep or awk?


How can I install Windows 7 alongside Ubuntu 16.04?

I have been using Ubuntu for the past few years and I've finally caved and decided to try to dual-boot Windows 7 with Ubuntu 16.04. But, everything says to install Windows first then Ubuntu with it.   I don't want to wipe it and put on Windows the Ubuntu, as I do have some stuff on it. It's all easily replaceable, but I just want to take as little time as possible.   I don't know if it will help, but I have a second storage drive formatted as NTFS.


Python list writing through loop, all previous values being overwritten

I'm fairly new to python so I'm sorry if this is a fairly noob question. But I'm writing a 2D list composed of data from .txt file with a for loop (all that code works), but the loop seems to be overwriting all my previously written data each time to passes though even though I'm   This isn't my actually code, but sum up the problem I'm having.  stuff = [[None]*3]*10  for index in range(10):     stuff[index][2]=index  print(stuff)  [[None, None, 9],[None, None, 9],[None, None, 9],[None, None, 9],[None, None, 9],[None, None, 9],[None, None, 9],[None, None, 9],[None, None, 9]]   Why are all the values being returned as 9, why what do I have to do to get it to return as  [[None, None, 1],[None, None, 2],[None, None, 3],[None, None, 4],[None, None, 5],[None, None, 6],[None, None, 7],[None, None, 8],[None, None, 9]]


$\newcommand{\R}{\mathbb R}$  Let $f: \R \to \R$ be an increasing function. $(a \leq b \Rightarrow f(a) \leq f(b))$. I want to prove that $f \in \mathcal B$, the Baire one functions.  I first tried to prove that $g(x) := \lfloor f(x)+x \rfloor$ is in $\mathcal B$. The points of discontinuity of $g$ are countable since $g$ is increasing. Now, let $\mathcal D$ be the points in $\R$ where $g$ is not continuous. If $z \in \mathcal D$ then I want to prove that $\exists \delta > 0: (z-\delta,z+\delta) \cap \mathcal D = \{z\}$, i.e. $z$ is the only discontinuity in a certain neighborhood. Then it is not hard to prove that $g \in \mathcal B$ and that $f$ is the uniform limit of $\mathcal B$ functions and thus is also $\mathcal B$.  I already tried to prove this (existence of $\delta > 0$) by contradiction. However, I could not see a nice way to get here a contradiction.


Function with inputs moved from each other for a distance less than $a$

Let $a>0$ and $f: \mathbb R \rightarrow \mathbb R$ with a property $\forall x,y \in \mathbb R;$ such that $0\;<\;y\;-\;x\;<\;a$ $$f(x)\;<f(y).$$ Prove if the statements are true or false:  $1)$ $f$ must be injective.  $2)$ $f$ must be surjective.  I tried to use a quarter of a circle with radius $r=a$ or a right-angled triangle and translate it. When I moved it, I saw new values of $f$. I concluded the maximum value in the previous interval can't appear again in another interval when the distance between one point in the first interval and one point in the second is less than $a$. I also considered using an absolute value function, but I haven't done anything. I think, but I haven't proven it, that the function must be bijective.


Can I today use the word 'thrice' or is it completely out of date and shouldn't be used? Dusan


Why do I get a "hooray, your question was reopened" message when the question seem not to have been closed?

I received today for  the following Inbox message:    I am surprised because:   I didn't even know the question was closed (I neither saw any counter on the close flag, nor the [closed] suffix in the question title) this is the first time I get such a message, despite having had questions closed and reopened in the past


I'd like to find a Windows batch counterpart to Bash's $@ that holds a list of all arguments passed into a script.   Or I have to bother with shift?


Looking for differentiable function $f:\mathbb R \to \mathbb R$ whose derivative is nowhere continuous

Does there exist a differentiable function $f: \mathbb R \to \mathbb R$ such that its derivative $f'$ is nowhere continuous ?


difference between irreducible element in a ring and integral domain

On the Wikipedia page below, it says "a non-zero non-unit element in an integral domain is said to be irreducible if it is not a product of two non-units."   On this Wolfram page it says, "An element $a$ of a ring which is nonzero, not a unit, and whose only divisors are the trivial ones."   Can someone explain the discrepancy between these two definitions of Wikipedia and Wolfram?  They are not the same definition, right? Is there actually a difference in definition of irreducible element of a general ring (i.e. no multiplicative identity, inverses, or commutativity) and that of a an integral domain?  And, if so, what is the difference(s)?  What is meant by "trivial ones", units?  I am being asked to explain how this question is different from a question asking about irreducible polynomials.  Irreducible polynomials are not a part of this question, clearly..


Determining the number of bit strings of length n that contains no adjacent 0s

• $C_n =$ this number of bit strings  • A binary string with no adjacent 0s is constructed by   Adding “1” to any string w of length $n-1$ satisfying the condition, or Adding “10” to any string v of length $n-2$ satisfying the condition   I still don't find that intuitive at all. Why adding up $C_{n-1} + C_{n-2}$ results in $C_n$? I have tried my best and asked my friends for help, but they find the formula unintuitive as well. Could anyone here come up with a clear explanation? Thanks!


I am under 18 years old, in the US, my parents have terrible credit, how can I take out a loan?

I am under 18, currently shopping for a car. Like many people, I don't have enough money sitting in my bank account to purchase a good car, around $6,000 to $10,000. However, credit checks have prevented me from being able to lease, and loan, due to my parents' bad credit. I personally am quite responsible with money, but short of emancipating, which has quite significant legal disadvantages, I can't find any ways of breaking free from my parents' credit history. Any ideas?  Note: Rather than making assumptions about my financial background, just assume I am trying to get credit for leverage in an investment but I'm underage and my parents have bad credit. How would I do it?


If a website is accessed on HTTPS instead of HTTP, should the URLs on the sitemap be HTTPS or HTTP?

I have changed my website from HTTP to HTTPS.  At this moment, I have the next rewrite rule working to redirect calls for HTTP to HTTPS:  RewriteEngine On  RewriteCond %{SERVER_PORT} 80  RewriteRule ^(.*)$ https://example.net/$1 [R,L]    Should I write the URLs on the sitemap with HTTP or with HTTPS? (including the homepage)


What is it called when you use "I would do X" to show strength of feeling?

For instance, in The Proclaimers' hit song I'm Gonna Be they say     I would walk five hundred miles, and   I would walk five hundred more   Just to be the man who walked a thousand miles to fall down at your door   The protagonist in the song isn't literally going to walk a thousand miles, they're using this construction to intensify their description of their feeling for the person they're singing to/about.  If I were describing it in a phrase I might say "exaggeration for effect," but is there a (more) specific term for it? If so, what is it?


Delete files that are older than x number of days

I have a situation where I have to clean up files that are older than 7 days, but from multiple locations like below.    /home/user1/Out/vendor /home/user2/Out/vendor /home/user3/Out/vendor /home/user4/Out/vendor         ︙ /home/usern/Out/vendor   Can someone tell me how to achieve this without deleting folders? I am thinking to call there users from a text file.


JavaScript: client-side vs. server-side validation

Which is better to do client side or server side validation?  In our situation we are using    jQuery and MVC.   JSON data to pass between our View and Controller.     A lot of the validation I do is validating data as users enter it. For example I use the the keypress event to prevent letters in a text box, set a max number of characters and that a number is with in a range.   I guess the better question would be, Are there any benefits to doing server side validation over client side?    Awesome answers everyone. The website that we have is password protected and for a small user base(<50). If they are not running JavaScript we will send ninjas. But if we were designing a site for everyone one I'd agree to do validation on both sides.


Game not accepted in Google Play even though it's built in 64 bit (Unity)

I tried building my game according to the google play rules, but I get the following error message: "This release is not compliant with the Google Play 64-bit requirement  The following APKs or App Bundles are available to 64-bit devices, but they only have 32-bit native code: 1.  Include 64-bit and 32-bit native code in your app. Use the Android App Bundle publishing format to automatically ensure that each device architecture receives only the native code that it needs. This avoids increasing the overall size of your app."  According to the documentation () for Unity I should get a working version when I do:   Set Scripting Backend to IL2CPP Select the **Target Architecture > ARM64 checkbox Build as normal   I've built the game both as APK and as AAB, but neither are accepted. I am using Unity 2018.3.14f1.  I have downloaded this NDK:  and put the content to: C:\Users\MyName\AppData\Local\Android


I installed fresh Ubuntu 20.04. The Softwarecenter is not loading. I did sudo apt-get update and `sudo apt-get upgrade. This is how it looks if I open it:  Or like this if I try to install a program over a dev file:  Problem remains after restarts. Any idea what is causing this?


Android App crash java.lang.RuntimeException

In a newly published game (android) that utilises a remote database to get data, I get daily many app crashes reports that I cannot reproduce or i have not encountered in my tests over several real devices and virtual devices. The top crash report is:  java.lang.RuntimeException:    at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity    (ActivityThread.java:2805)   at android.app.ActivityThread.handleLaunchActivity  (ActivityThread.java:2883)   at android.app.ActivityThread.-wrap11 (Unknown Source)   at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage (ActivityThread.java:1613)   at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage (Handler.java:106)   at android.os.Looper.loop (Looper.java:164)   at android.app.ActivityThread.main (ActivityThread.java:6523)   at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke (Native Method)      at com.android.internal.os.RuntimeInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run  (RuntimeInit.java:438)    at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main (ZygoteInit.java:857) Caused by: java.lang.NullPointerException:     at com.my.app.activity.LevelActivity.onCreate (LevelActivity.java:82)    at android.app.Activity.performCreate (Activity.java:7023)    at android.app.Activity.performCreate (Activity.java:7014)     at android.app.Instrumentation.callActivityOnCreate  (Instrumentation.java:1214)    at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity  (ActivityThread.java:2758)   for example the LevelActivity.java:82 :          levelNo = MainActivity.dbHelper.GetLevelById(Constant.CATE_ID, Constant.SUB_CAT_ID);   and the oncreate until line with the NPE:   public void onCreate(@Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {     super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);     setContentView(R.layout.activity_level);     Utils.transparentStatusAndNavigation(LevelActivity.this);     layout = findViewById(R.id.layout);     if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.M) {         layout.setSystemUiVisibility(View.SYSTEM_UI_FLAG_LIGHT_STATUS_BAR);     }     toolbar = findViewById(R.id.toolBar);     setSupportActionBar(toolbar);     getSupportActionBar().setTitle(R.string.select_level);     toolbar.setNavigationOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {         @Override         public void onClick(View view) {             onBackPressed();         }     });        recyclerView.setLayoutManager(new LinearLayoutManager(LevelActivity.this));     levelNo = MainActivity.dbHelper.GetLevelById(Constant.CATE_ID, Constant.SUB_CAT_ID);   i don't know where to begin since I have never encountered this error or similar crash  All crashes related to this app are: java.lang.NullPointerException  this is not a duplicate question as the methods described in the proposed original question do not apply here.  I cannot reproduce the error, how can I debug?  Not all headaches can dissapear with aspirin


Link to a note in Apple Notes, from another note

In Apple Notes on the Mac, is it possible to reference a note from within another note (by way of hyperlink)? So, for example, if I had two notes:  Thoughts about pastries Pastries are great. Truly wonderful treats. But you know what my favorite types of pastries are? Donuts. I've even made a list of the types of [donuts I've eaten].  and  Donuts I've Eaten Chocolate, Glazed, Frosted, Encrusted…  How could I link the text [donuts I've eaten] from the first note to the second note?


Does the Second Postulate of Special Relativity hold for non-inertial reference frames?

That is, does the invariance of the speed of light hold for accelerated observers?


A compact operator T such that $T^{2}=T$ is a finite rank operator

Let $X$ be a normed linear space. Let $T: X \to X$ be  compact linear operator and $T^{2}=T$. Show that T is a finite rank operator, that is, $Range(T)$ is finite dimensional in $X$.  I have no idea how to show that this operator is of finite rank. Any hint or solution will really be appreciated.  Thanks in advance!


Providing answers in different languages

I have come across  which may answer the question, but why on Earth would the answerer provide their solution in French? Meanwhile, the question is in English and I see no request for a French answer, there is an accepted answer with 7 upvotes and a duplicate one. I mean, if all of us start providing answers in different languages, SO would become a mess. Shouldn't some language guidelines be followed?  I went to investigate other answers of  and it seems that his other answers are a bit irrelevant to the questions. I am not a C# expert so I shouldn't really judge, but those answers are low-quality (can't bear the truth).  I have flagged  for moderator's attention, giving a custom reason, but I'm not sure that's the right thing to do.   It's a bit of a strange case, so I would appreciate any advice on what to do in such cases?   Related:   Related 2:


I graduated with a 6.4/10 GPA from a Non-IIT University in India - BE in CS in 2019. I pretty much messed up during my early 2 years of UG while taking part in non-academics such as workshops and research. Only later I have realized that it was too late to improve and now I am facing the consequences of neglecting good grades. I wasn't a lazy student, I worked 16 hours a day learning something new for research, solving math and leetcoding because I couldn't stand the classroom environment. I hate blaming the University but they were rather a scam ridden cash cow run by unprofessional people and did not encourage any sort of research activities or any funding for it. Luckily, my time in research did not require much funding yet I have managed to publish 12 papers during my 5 years (9 during undergrad) at well reputed domestic and international conferences - IEEE, Springer, etc, 3 winning awards. I frankly enjoyed the lab work and research part of my UG because it gave me complete freedom to explore my skills and work, yet it's frustrating how marks is always given the first preference. I have graduated with most publications compared to anyone who have studied in my University. I feel really cheated as I was told publications were preferred over GPA. I was an aspiring MS and PhD candidate for Natural Language Processing. And now I'm seeing that I have been rejected by ASU and I'm pretty sure it was because of my GPA, which probably never made it to the AdCom. This is my first post on stack exchange and I really want to know whether my career has hit a dead end here. I'm feeling tired and frustrated, thinking about a career change since a second chance elsewhere to prove my worth would at least take me beyond a bachelors degree.


Set a specific theme for root launched applications

I would like the the applications I launch as root to look differently from the application launched as a normal user.  This can be done by using a theme that does not come from usr/share/themes but I haven't found a way to modify the default theme the root applications use.  Can this be done?  Using sudo gnome-appearance-properties doesn’t work.


Inconsistent booting problem 12.04LTS on Asus U46E RAL7

The laptop is dual booting with windows 7 and ubuntu 11.10.  For 11.10 to boot, I had to add 'nolapic' in GRUB boot options.  I downloaded 12.04LTS LiveCD yesterday and made a CD and a bootable USB stick.  With both USB and LiveCD, occasionally I can boot into 12.04.  But many times, the boot process stuck at some point.  For USB boot, sometime it works.  But other times, it seems to stuck right after seeing the message:  NMI watchdog enabled. takes one hw-pmu counted [0.408590] #2   The number in [] changes.  Some times it stuck at #2, and sometimes at #3.  For LiveCD boot, sometime it works.  But when it stuck, it stuck at different places.  At times, the boot process go directly to a blank screen with a blink '_' at up left corner.  Sometime it went a bit further, after showing options to try/install ubuntu then stuck with a blank screen with blink '_'.  Anything I can do to get around of this?


Subspace of $C^3$ that spanned by a set over C and over R

Given $A=$ $\left\{ {(1,2 + i,i),(1,3 + i,3 - i),(i,3i,4 + i)} \right\}$  Let $SP_CA$ be the linear space spanned by A over $C$  Let $SP_RA$ be the linear space spanned by A over $R$  what is the dimension of each subspace ?  I did row operations on A and saw that A is linearly dependet.  and that $dim(SP_CA)=2$  But over $R$. I cannot do row operations with the scalar $i$ since its not belong to $R$ so what is $dim(SP_RA)$ ?


When you dismiss then call back a familiar does anything it's holding come with it?

So basically lets say I tell my familiar "go pick up my scroll" then after he flies to where my scroll is, can I dismiss him and recall him with the scroll next to me? Or does he simply drop the scroll when he's dismissed?


Quite confused with the rules of virtual inheritance when i have a method which prevents a derived class from overriding the virtual method defined in the base class. Here is a bit of code to explain my problem better :  using System;  namespace ConsoleApplication1 {     public class A     {         public virtual void DoWork()         {             Console.WriteLine("A.DoWork()");         }     }     public class B : A     {         public override void DoWork()         {             Console.WriteLine("B.DoWork()");         }     }      public class C : B     {         public sealed override void DoWork()         {             Console.WriteLine("C.DoWork()");         }     }      public class D : C     {         public new void DoWork()         {             Console.WriteLine("D.DoWork()");         }     }      public class MyMainClass     {         public static void Main()         {             B b = new D();             b.DoWork();              C c = new D();             c.DoWork();              A a = new D();             a.DoWork();              Console.WriteLine("Press any key to exit");             Console.ReadKey();         }     } }   OUTPUT  C.DoWork() C.DoWork() C.DoWork() Press any key to exit  It's true that if a variable of type B is used to access an instance of C as B b = new C(); b.DoWork() would result in calling C's implementation of DoWork() since C overrides the virtual DoWork() of A.  But why is it when a variable of type C, B, or A is used to access an instance of D as   B b = new D(); C c = new D(); A a = new D();   a call to DoWork() on each one of them will call the implementation of DoWork() on class C?


I'm having the ubuntu 15.04 iso image file. Can anybody tell me how can I upgrade my ubuntu 14.10 to 15.04. Thanks in advance...


What are the guidelines for holes in joists?

I've been unable to find a good reference for the size/amount/location of holes I can drill through joists.  This is mostly in order to pass cabling or pipes through the joist crosswise.  Also, what about notching the bottom, is there a size threshold there as well?


$f$ is said to be primitive if $(a_0, a_1, ..., a_n)=(1)$ Prove that if $f, g \in A[x]$ then $fg$ is primitive $\iff f, g$ primitive I have read the answers to this question here:  but I need more details to understand the proof. One of the comments says to prove it for $\deg(f)=\deg(g)=1.$ EDIT: Why is this question closed? Question 2. isnt answered in the link above - as the private message says. And the question has two upvotes! $\implies.$ $fg=(a_0+a_1x)(b_0+b_1x) = (a_0b_0)+(a_1b_0+a_0b_1)x + (a_1b_1)x^2$ and we have $(a_0a_1)=(1)$, and $(b_0b_1)=(1)$  What is the ideal $(a_0, a_1)$? I have seen the ideal $(a_0)(a_1)$, $(a_0)+(a_1)$. Edit: answere: (r,s)={rx+sy|x,y∈R} = (r+s) How do we show $fg = 1$ when both have degree $1$ ? How do we show the inductive step when $\deg(f)=n$, $\deg(g)=m$?


Proof of properties of injective and surjective functions.

I'd like to see if these proofs are correct/have them critiqued.     Let $g: A \to B$ and $f: B \to C$ be functions.  Then:   (a) If $g$ and $f$ are one-to-one, then $f \circ g$ is one-to-one.   (b) If $g$ and $f$ are onto, then $f \circ g$ is onto.   (c) If $f \circ g$ is one-to-one, then $f$ is one-to-one?   (d) If $f \circ g$ is one-to-one, then $g$ is one-to-one?   (e) If $f \circ g$ is onto, then $f$ is onto?   (f) If $f \circ g$ is onto, then $g$ is onto?     (a)  Let $a,b \in A$.  If $(f \circ g)(a)=(f \circ g)(b)$, then $f(g(a))=f(g(b))$.  Since $f$ is one-to-one, we know that $g(a)=g(b)$.  And, since $g$ is one-to-one is must be that $a=b$.  Hence $f \circ g$ is one-to-one.    (b) Since $f$ is surjective we know that for all $c \in C$ there is a $b\in B$ such that $f(b)=c$.  Since $g$ is surjective, there is a $a \in A$ such that $g(a)=b$.  Hence, for all $c \in C$ there is an $a \in A$ such that $(f \circ g)(a)=f(g(a))=f(b)=c$.    (c)  This is false.  Let $A=\{1\}$, $B=\{1,2\}$, and $C=\{1\}$. Define $g(1)=1$ and $f(1)=f(2)=1$. Then $f \circ g$ is injective, but $f$ is not injective.    (d)  This is true.  Let $a,b \in A$ where $a \neq b$.  If $(f\circ g)(a)\neq(f\circ g)(b)$, then $f(g(a))\neq f(g(b))$.  Hence $g(a) \neq g(b)$.  (e)  Since $f \circ g$ is surjective, then for every $ c \in C$ there is an $a \in A$ such that $f(g(a))=c$.   Let $b = g(a)$.  Then $b \in B$ and $f(b)=g(f(a))=c$.  Thus $f(b)=c$.  Hence $f$ is surjective.  (f)  Using the same set up as part (c), we have that $g$ is not surjective since there is nothing in $A$ such that $g$ will go to 1.


Why wont steam launch? Please help! Ubuntu 15.04

Steam wont launch, i get this message  crazyfrog@crazyfrog-desktop:~$ steam Running Steam on ubuntu 15.04 64-bit STEAM_RUNTIME is enabled automatically Installing breakpad exception handler for appid(steam)/version(1433441724) libGL error: unable to load driver: nouveau_dri.so libGL error: driver pointer missing libGL error: failed to load driver: nouveau libGL error: unable to load driver: swrast_dri.so libGL error: failed to load driver: swrast


UK Visitor visa from India. Cooling off period

I am asking this question after reading through most of the related/relevant question-answers and I believe my query is not a duplicate. Please highlight otherwise and my apologies if it is so.   My in-laws are in the UK now on a visitor visa that expires on 1 Nov 2017. They are having to leave the UK soon to attend a family emergency back in India (death of a close relative- follow up rituals take 13-15 days) and they want to be with the relative's family for an extended period in India. For this reason, I am planning to bring them back by Feb-Mar, by applying for another visitor visa. I am assuming this will be risk-free as I've heard of a certain unwritten rule of a 6 month cooling off period.  Now, my query is- is the 6-month cooling off period from the day the visitor visa expires?- in which case they can only apply for a visitor visa with a tentative travel date on or after 2 May 2018   (or)  Is the 6-month cooling off period from the time they leave UK? in which case they can apply for a visitor visa for a travel date that is 6 months from the date they leave UK, tentatively (if they leave mid-June 2017) early Jan 2018.  Thanks VK


find the answer in terms of $a$ and $b$ only ($a, b$ are roots of $\ x^4 + x^3 - 1 = 0$

If $a$ and $b$ are the two solutions of $\ x^4 + x^3 - 1 = 0$ , what is the solution of $\ x^6 + x^4 + x^3 - x^2 - 1 = 0$ ?   Well I am not able to eliminate or convert $\ x^6$. Please help.


Black screen with blinking cursor after dual boot install 14.04

I have just installed Ubuntu 14.04 on my toshiba laptop along side Windows 7. When the menu comes up to choose which OS to boot into, I can easily boot into Windows 7. I cannot successfully boot into Ubuntu. All I get is a blinking cursor on a black/purple screen.  I attempted the nomodeset trick, which was a bit more successful. I got a screen with a lot of code, but then it stopped with a blinking cursor at the bottom and wouldn't load anymore.  As a last resort, would returning my laptop to factory settings get rid of linux and the partitions made to the drive? I already did this to my laptop when it was just windows, which is why I thought I might as well try to add Ubuntu. But it's a lengthy process, and if it won't get rid of the partitions and ubuntu, I won't bother.  I appreciate any help ~many thanks


Why was the switch statement designed to need a break?

Given a simple switch statement  switch (int) {     case 1 :     {         printf("1\n");         break;     }      case 2 :      {         printf("2\n");     }      case 3 :      {         printf("3\n");     } }   The absence of a break statement in case 2, implies that execution will continue inside the code for case 3. This is not an accident; it was designed that way. Why was this decisions made? What benefit does this provide vs. having an automatic break semantic for the blocks? What was the rationale?


How do I join multiple features with a single geometry-less table entry?

I have three features with the same ID, let's say "5". I also have a corresponding text table containing IDs among other info (for example a "category" value). I want to join the table with the features using the ID so that every feature has the same info from the text table. The problem is that only one feature gets joined, and the others are left out. How can I do the join properly?  EDIT: Image for more clarity.   Desired shape attribute result:


Can anyone explain what is meant by recursive locking in Java?   Many thanks


How is the su command masking/protecting my password from being displayed on screen?

Apologies if this is an abstract question - I'll try to be as specific as possible.   When I'm at the bash shell and switch to a different account via su - foo, I'm prompted for a password.  The characters I type at this password prompt are hidden from the screen with no indication of how many characters I'm typing or what they are.  How is bash (or Linux in general) doing this?


Lets say I'm doing a database for fruits. Using a text file for it, inside contains, in this format,  (Fruit:Quantity:Cost) Apple:10:1 Orange:20:2 Pears:10:3 Banana:20:4  10 Apples at $1 each. 20 Oranges at $2 each. 10 Pears at $3 each. 20 Bananas at $4 each.   My simple script goes like this:  echo "Enter fruit to find" read fruit  echo "Enter quantity to find" read count  echo "Enter cost to find" read cost  grep $fruit FruitDB.txt     It will display the fruits in the database.  But how do i use grep and cut together to find just by the quantity or the cost. In the quantity count area, let's say i enter 20, it will display the Oranges and Banana. Or when i enter count and cost, it will display just those that meet the conditions.


Recent feature changes to Stack Exchange

This is an unofficial list/changelog of new features and various changes to Stack Overflow and the Stack Exchange network.  It is maintained by the community, while a Stack Exchange employee changes the accepted answer to ensure that the latest changes remain on top (given default user settings).  To see the list in reverse chronological order (latest entry on top), .  For those adding new features here: please post only feature changes that affect the whole network and have some global impact. i.e. bug fixes don't belong here, nor do mobile app updates.


What is the rule in use here that allows me to use I do in place of me in the second sentence?    An Olympic sprinter on a bad day runs faster than me on a good day. An Olympic sprinter on a bad day runs faster than I do on a good day.


let $a,b,c>0$ and such $ab+bc+ca=3$,show that $$\dfrac{a}{a^3+b^2+1}+\dfrac{b}{b^3+c^2+1}+\dfrac{c}{c^3+a^2+1}\le 1$$  I want use Cauchy-Schwarz inequality $$(a^3+b^2+1)(\frac{1}{a}+1+c^2)\ge (a+b+c)^2$$ so $$\sum_{cyc}\dfrac{a}{a^3+b^2+1}\le\sum_{cyc}\dfrac{1+a+ac^2}{(a+b+c)^2}$$ it must to prove $$(a+b+c)^2\ge \sum_{cyc}(1+a+ac^2)=3+(a+b+c)+ac^2+ba^2+cb^2$$ then I can't do it.


Activate Windows pops up after latest Insider update

I am an Insider on the Fast pace for Active Development of Windows. 5 days ago, I had installed the latest Insider update released on 13th December, 2017 (Build:17063.rs_prerelease.171213-1610). After updating to that, Windows has been saying that my product license is not valid and is asking me to buy a genuine copy form the Store.  The error code is:     0x803F7001   Before this, everything was fine and Windows was activated. I bought this machine with Windows 10 pre-installed. Previously, this same problem had occurred in which Windows was not activated after installing an Insider patch, but it resolved itself in 2 days. How do I fix this?


What is the difference between relation and relationship? Some say that relationship often refers to social connections. For instance,  She has a close relationship with her daughter.  How about the following?  the relationship between poor housing and health problems (Longman Dictionary) the special relationship between Britain and the US (Longman Dictionary)


Proof a formula of the Fibonacci sequence with induction

It turns out that the Fibonacci sequence satisfies the following explicit formula: For all integers $F_{n} ≥ 0$,  $F_{n} = \frac{1}{\sqrt{5}}[(\frac{1+\sqrt{5}}{2})^{n+1} - (\frac{1-\sqrt{5}}{2})^{n+1}]$  Verify that the sequence defined by this formula satisfies the recurrence relation $F_{k} = F_{k-1} + F_{k-2}$ for all integers $k ≥ 2$.


How to place a figure exactly where I would like to?

I have downloaded the package float in order to help in placing figures where I would like them.  At the moment, 'All' figures are placed at the 'end' of document.  I have run the script 'float.dtx.  Subsequently, the [H] option has been inserted as seen below example; however, nothing has changed and the figures still appear at the end of document.  Does any one have an idea as to what is needed to activate the float programs appropriately or as to how to implement them?    Thank you.  %%%%% Inserting figure %%%%%%%%%%%%%%  \begin{figure}[H]  \begin{center}  \maketitle {\bf Title}   \includegraphics[scale=0.9]{Figure}  \caption{Explanatory statement} \label{}  \end{center}  \end{figure}


It is there any way to export the foam data generated from ocean modifier to use it in other render engine, like LuxRender? The manual says that the foam data is stored as vertex color data, but there isn't a way to access the vertexColor data. I know that can be accessed from Cycles from attribute's node. LuxRender supports vertex color and I tried to bake the texture to vertexColor and an image but only get a plain black texture.


In universe Thor and The Asgardians are the basis of Norse mythology.  So when we meet Thor and co why do they speak English, rather than a Norse/Nordic language?  This answer's ideally aimed at an in universe MCU answer, but if you have an alternative answer i'd love to hear it!


I just began the topic of functions in my Mathematics textbook and in the first paragraph itself, two conditions about a relation being a function were mentioned.  They were :   1) For every a∈A, there exists b∈B such that (a,b)∈f     I think  that is another way of saying that both the input and output must lie in the given sets 2) If (a,b)∈f and (a,c)∈f, then b = c     And I think that this is another way of saying that an input has a unique output   Let me know if I have misunderstood these statements.  Now, let's think of the square root function...  The square root of 4 is ±2, which means that there are two outputs 2 and -2 for one input 4, so there are two images of the same input, so it defies the second condition that states that a function must have a unique output/image of some input  Let R represent the set of real numbers, then if square root is a function, it means that both the input and output must lie in the set R. In the case of square root of -1, the output will be i (iota) which is not a member of the set R but is a member of C (the set of complex numbers), this defies the first condition that makes a relation a function.  Please let me know if I have misunderstood some concept related to functions and if square root is really a function or not.  Thank You...


Ultrafilter Lemma implies Compactness/Completeness of FOL

Apologies if this has been asked somewhere before, but I didn't see what I was looking for after several pages of Google results.  I was reading Jech's The Axiom of Choice and was introduced to the equivalence of the ultrafilter lemma and the compactness theorem for FOL. I gather that these are also equivalent to the completeness theorem. I am primarily interested in trying to understand the "ultrafilter lemma $\implies$ completeness/compactness" direction. Jech's own proof takes an odd route through "binary messes" and I don't really follow the last couple of steps. (It's on pp.17,18 of the 2008 Dover reprint, if one is interested).  I'm wondering if anyone knows a good reference for, or can provide, a readable proof that the ultrafilter lemma implies completeness or compactness, with a preference for completeness. Alternatively, if you have Jech's book on hand, helping me bridge the concluding paragraph of his $\textrm{(ii)}\implies\textrm{(iii)}$ step with the preceding steps would clear up much of my puzzlement. (Though in this case I can't offer any help in saying what, specifically, is missing in the way of a bridge).


Odds ratios for continuous independent variables

In my regression model I have exponentiated my coefficients, since I understand that coefficients are not directly interpretable.   Problem is, all examples of odds ratios given in books are of binary categorical independent variables.   I don't understand how it works with an independent variable with 5 levels. Do you simply multiply the odds ratio by the number of levels you have moved?   Does this mean that as you move from 1 level to the next the odds of the outcome changing are the values in each box?  Thanks guys.


Is there a way to pack all my images into the blend file so I can transfer it more easily?  I'm using the version 2.8


How convert type received by Reflection?

I build mouse and keyboard recorder for my program. I write all user events and save in serializable object. Information about mouse and keyboard events I get from other program part with protected fields. That's why for getting values I use reflection like this: foreach (var item in events) {     // Get all protected fields by reflection for EventArgs.      var allProps = item.EventArgs.GetType().GetProperties(BindingFlags.Public | BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Instance).OrderBy(pi => pi.Name).ToList(); }  After this I saved all in serialized object like this. string MouseButton = Convert.ToString(allProps[0].GetValue(item.EventArgs));  But now I found out, that I should use mouse and keyboard simulator. It works fine, but works only with enum MouseButton and Key types. (something like this) public enum MouseButton {     Left = 0x2,     Right = 0x8,     Middle = 0x20 }  public static void MouseDown(MouseButtons button) {     switch (button)     {         case MouseButtons.Left:             MouseDown(MouseButton.Left);             break;         case MouseButtons.Middle:             MouseDown(MouseButton.Middle);             break;         case MouseButtons.Right:             MouseDown(MouseButton.Right);             break;     } }  How I can convert my string MouseButton type to enum MouseButton type for mouse simulator? P.S. i tried get right type for allProps, but it always return object type for me, not real events type.


Converting MYSQL table data directly to an XML in PHP

I want to now if there is some inbuilt function that will create an XML directly from MYSQL result-set after executing SELECT query ?


Opening MXD saved in one version using earlier version

Working in an enterprise system. We need to determine if everyone needs to update to 10.6 at the same time for mxd cross-compatibility or can we update from 10.5 as needed.


Permutation and combination/ probability

If you have 7 white socks and 9 black socks in a drawer, how many socks do  you have to pull out blindly in order to ensure that you have a matching pair ?


Forgot my User password  of windows 10 . Help me find a solution


$$\displaystyle \sum\limits_{}^{} \dfrac{1}{k(ln(k)^2)}$$  Integral test  $$\int_{} \frac {1}{u^2} du = \int  u^{-2} du = \frac {-1}{u} = \frac{-1}{\ln k} +c$$


can I install ubuntu for tablet on my galaxy tab 2 and where can I get it

I have been watching the Canonical ads for Ubuntu Touch on tablet and I am very impressed, however can it be installed on my galaxy tab 2 GT-P5100?  If so where can I get it? How much does it cost? How do I do the install?  I am currently running Ubuntu 12 point something via the linuxonandroid install chroot method and while it is fantastic the features claimed by Ubuntu touch look too good not to try.


Derivation of Hamilton-Jacobi theory using canonical transformations

The derivation of the Hamilton-Jacobi equation using canonical transformations is typically done involving a type-2 generating function.  Is it possible to use a another type of generating function, namely type 1, 3 or 4?


Applying for funding when you can self fund

So this is the issue... There is this university that I’m interested in applying to for my PhD. I think the chances of me getting an offer to carry out my research there are very high if I let them know that I will be self funding; which I could do. It won’t be easy but I should be able to make it work. The thing is that, the university also offers PhD scholarships which I am eligible for, but these funded places are more competitive and although I’d stand a chance, it could go either way. My thinking is, why pay all that money for this degree if there is a chance I could get funding?  However, the problem is that I’ve been told by people I know who work in university admissions that it often happens that even if a university likes an applicant but can’t offer funding when the student has asked, they reject their application outright.  My questions are, should I just apply for the funding only and say nothing about my capability to fund my degree? Or should I let them know that I can self fund but still apply for the funding (which I think is counterintuitive)? Or forget about funding altogether and self fund?


Why does rendered fire on transparent background look different than on preview?  Preview:    Render with transparent background:     It seems that the flame loses its  red color in my final render,  But it's weird that it appeared normal when I use a non-transparent background.  With background:    This are my nodes settings:


ASUS N550JV Internal Speakers are not working in Ubuntu 14.04

The internal speakers are not working. However the headphones are working. There is no problem with the speakers as they work perfectly fine in Windows 8.


I want to configure Windows 7 to login automatically after the computer is switched on. That's not because I'm lazy and don't like typing passwords. That's because I want programs that are configured to run on startup run automatically.  But I don't want everyone to see my desktop, so I want my computer to remain locked. When I'm ready to work, I just type my password and don't have to wait until all startup programs run.


How do I find duplicate entries in a database table?

The following query will display all Dewey Decimal numbers that have been duplicated in the "book" table:  SELECT dewey_number,   COUNT(dewey_number) AS NumOccurrences FROM book GROUP BY dewey_number HAVING ( COUNT(dewey_number) > 1 )   However, what I'd like to do is have my query display the name of the authors associated with the duplicated entry (the "book" table and "author" table are connected by "author_id").  In other words, the query above would yield the following:  dewey_number | NumOccurrences ------------------------------ 5000         | 2 9090         | 3   What I'd like the results to display is something similar to the following:  author_last_name | dewey_number | NumOccurrences ------------------------------------------------- Smith            | 5000         | 2 Jones            | 5000         | 2 Jackson          | 9090         | 3 Johnson          | 9090         | 3 Jeffers          | 9090         | 3   Any help you can provide is greatly appreciated.  And, in case it comes into play, I'm using a Postgresql DB.  UPDATE: Please note that "author_last_name" is not in the "book" table.


How to install the JSON extension for Ubuntu 16.04?

I want to install the JSON extension as is mentioned in prerequisites to use People Api by Google. You can refer to . I've php7 installed on Ubuntu 16.04.


Is there a QGIS Python binding for generating a grid programmatically without using the GUI?


Current in circuit after joining two inductors with different currents through them

Let's take two inductors: one has its peak current (say, Io) flowing through itself and the other has no current through itself. Now if these two inductors are joined in series in a closed circuit, the first inductor will try to keep the current at Io while the second one will try to keep it at zero.  To solve this, I created an analogy between inductor and mass. When two masses with different velocities collide, the inertia of each mass tries to keep its velocity unchanged. Thereafter we use principle of conservation of linear momentum and value of coefficient of restitution to find the final velocities of the two masses. But here, in case of inductors, I do not know which physical quantity is analogous to linear momentum and hence I can not continue any further.  My Physics teacher told me that we need to equate the total magnetic flux in the inductors before and after joining them but he did not give any reason behind doing so.  So my questions are:   Why is the total magnetic flux, before and after joining the inductors, equal? Since I tried creating analogy between collision of two masses and joining two inductors, will there be energy loss in the latter case? And is there any quantity analogous to the coefficient of restitution on which the magnitude of loss of energy depends?   PS:   By loss of energy, I mean reduction in energy stored in the inductors. The actual question that I was solving is this:  I do not need a solution of this question. This question is just for reference.   Edit: There are two other questions similar to my question (I tried searching for related questions before asking my own question but could not find one):          As for the first one, I have not been yet taught about terms such as Inverse Laplace transformation and parasitic interwinding capacitance. Hence I can't grasp what is being discussed there.   The second question has a greater similarity to my question (as I have also asked about reason behind conservation of magnetic flux) but there is only one answer to that question which does not tell why flux is conserved. Hence my question doesn't have an answer there too.   Moreover, I have also asked about analogy between mechanical system and electrical system which neither of the above two questions have talked about. And I have already got an answer here which has solved the question using that analogy.


Problem: Show that $(C([a,b]),\|{\cdot}\|_2)$ is not a complete normed vector space.  I have tried to proceed along the lines given in the accepted answer, and subsequent comment, to this question:  Although, I am running into difficulties and wondering if the example really generalises so well when we have a general $[a,b]$. Is the Cauchy sequence I have chosen below a valid one, or have I overlooked a much simpler example to use in this case?  Attempt: In order to show that $(C([a,b]),\|{\cdot}\|_2)$ is not a complete normed vector space we need to show that there is some Cauchy sequence that does not converge to it's limit in $C([a,b])$. In particular, it will suffice to show that our chosen Cauchy sequence converges under $\|\cdot\|_2$ to a discontinuous function.  Consider the following sequence of functions, $(f_n)_{n=1}^\infty\subset C([a,b])$, given by,  $$f_n(x)=\begin{cases} 0,\,\text{when}\,\,x\in[a,\frac{b-a}2-\frac{2^{-n}}{b-a}] \\[2ex]  1,\,\text{when}\,\,x\in[\frac{b-a}2+\frac{2^{-n}}{b-a},b] \\[2ex]  \frac{(2x-b+a)(b-a)-2^{-n+1}}{2^{-n+2}},\,\text{when}\,\,x\in[\frac{b-a}2-\frac{2^{-n}}{b-a},\frac{b-a}2+\frac{2^{-n}}{b-a}] \end{cases} $$  The definition of $f_n(x)$ when $x\in[\frac{b-a}2-\frac{2^{-n}}{b-a},\frac{b-a}2+\frac{2^{-n}}{b-a}]$ is the linear interpolant over that particular subinterval of $[a,b]$.  I claim that this is a Cauchy sequence. We consider:  $$\|f_n-f_m\|_2^2=\int_a^b|f_n(x)-f_m(x)|^2dx$$  $$=\int_a^{\frac{b-a}2-\frac{2^{-n}}{b-a}}|f_n(x)-f_m(x)|^2dx+\int_{\frac{b-a}2-\frac{2^{-n}}{b-a}}^{\frac{b-a}2+\frac{2^{-n}}{b-a}}|f_n(x)-f_m(x)|^2dx+\int_{\frac{b-a}2+\frac{2^{-n}}{b-a}}^b|f_n(x)-f_m(x)|^2dx$$  $$=0+\int_{\frac{b-a}2-\frac{2^{-n}}{b-a}}^{\frac{b-a}2+\frac{2^{-n}}{b-a}}|f_n(x)-f_m(x)|^2dx+0$$  The $0$'s for the first and last integrals because we have $f_n(x)-f_m(x)=0-0$ and $f_n(x)-f_m(x)=1-1$ on each respectively. As to the middle integral, here is what I've gotten so far:  $$\int_{\frac{b-a}2-\frac{2^{-n}}{b-a}}^{\frac{b-a}2+\frac{2^{-n}}{b-a}}|f_n(x)-f_m(x)|^2dx=\int_{\frac{b-a}2-\frac{2^{-n}}{b-a}}^{\frac{b-a}2+\frac{2^{-n}}{b-a}}|(2x-b-a)(b-a)(2^{n-2}-2^{m-2})|^2dx$$  Based in the example I am following, supposing that $m\ge n$, I think that I should be able to argue that the whole thing is bound above by $\frac{2^{-n}}{b-a}$ which would mean that $\|f_n-f_m\|_2^2\le\frac{2^{-n}}{b-a}\to0$ as $n\to\infty$.  I don't quite see how I'm meant to bound it above by $\frac{2^{-n}}{b-a}$, as I keep tripping up over applying that $m\ge n$, leading me to question whether the approach I have employed here is a fruitful one after all.


By , we can get a true but unprovable sentance $\psi$. However, we know it is true since its falsity implies contradiction. Then, why couldn't we accept this "proof" since it shows that $\psi$ must be true? Does it mean that the law of excluded middle could not be written as an axiom of finite length?


Is there a way to split a forest tree or adjust enumerate margins to fit a page?

\documentclass[oneside,12pt]{article} \usepackage{geometry} \usepackage{microtype} \usepackage[utf8]{inputenc} \usepackage[T1]{fontenc} \usepackage{lmodern}  \usepackage{enumitem} \setlist[enumerate,1]{label=\bfseries\Alph*,align=left,leftmargin=*,   labelsep=1.5em} \setlist[enumerate,2]{label=\arabic*.,labelindent=1em,labelsep=1.5em,   leftmargin=*}  \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{amsthm} \theoremstyle{definition} \newtheorem*{sol}{Solution}  \usepackage{forest} \forestset{   ass/.append style={     before computing xy={l=\baselineskip},     no edge   },   prooftree/.style={     for tree={       child anchor=north,       parent anchor=south     }   },   default preamble={     prooftree,     for root={baseline},     for tree={%       if n children=1{for children={ass}}{},       math content     }   } }  \begin{document} \subsection*{Exercises 28} \begin{enumerate} \item Let's use `$\vDash$' now to abbreviate `q-entails'. Which of the   following claims are true? Provide arguments in the style of 28.2 and 28.6   to defend your answers.   \begin{enumerate}   \item $\forall x(Fx\supset Gx)\vDash\forall x(Gx\supset Fx)$     \begin{sol}       False. Try the following q-valuation:       \begin{quote}         Domain = all people\\         Extension of `F' = all singers\\         Extension of `G' = all people who know how to sing       \end{quote}       Then, the premiss is true, but the conclusion is false.     \end{sol}   \item $\forall x(Fx\supset Gx)\vDash\forall x(\neg Gx\supset\neg Fx)$     \begin{sol}       True.        \begin{forest}         prooftree         [$\forall x(Fx\supset Gx)\Rightarrow_q T$,baseline         [$\neg\forall x(\neg Gx\supset\neg Fx)\Rightarrow_q T\checkmark$,ass         [$\exists x\neg(\neg Gx\supset\neg Fx)\Rightarrow_q T\checkmark$,ass         [$\neg(\neg Ga\supset\neg Fa)\Rightarrow_{q^+}T$,ass         [$\neg Ga\Rightarrow_{q^+}T$,ass         [$\neg\neg Fa\Rightarrow_{q^+}T$,ass         [$(Fa\supset Ga)\Rightarrow_{q^+}T\checkmark$,ass         [$\neg Fa\Rightarrow_{q^+}T$ [*,ass]]         [$Ga\Rightarrow_{q^+}T$ [*,ass]]]]]]]]]       \end{forest}     \end{sol}   \item $\forall x\exists yLxy\vDash\forall y\exists xLyx$     \begin{sol}       True because the conclusion just swaps x and y in the premiss.     \end{sol}   \item $\forall x((Fx\wedge Gx)\supset Hx)\vDash\forall     x(Fx\supset(Gx\supset Hx))$     \begin{sol}       True because the following proof tree closes.        \begin{forest}         prooftree         [$\forall x((Fx\wedge Gx)\supset Hx)\Rightarrow_q T$,baseline         [$\neg\forall x(Fx\supset(Gx\supset Hx))\Rightarrow_q T\checkmark$,ass         [$\exists x\neg(Fx\supset(Gx\supset Hx))\Rightarrow_q T\checkmark$,ass         [$\neg(Fa\supset(Ga\supset Ha))\Rightarrow_{q^+}T\checkmark$,ass         [$Fa\Rightarrow_{q^+}T$,ass         [$\neg(Ga\supset Ha)\Rightarrow_{q^+}T\checkmark$,ass         [$Ga\Rightarrow_{q^+}T$,ass         [$\neg Ha\Rightarrow_{q^+}T$,ass         [$((Fa\wedge Ga)\supset Ha)\Rightarrow_{q^+}T\checkmark$,ass         [$\neg(Fa\wedge Ga)\Rightarrow_{q^+}T\checkmark$         [$\neg Fa\Rightarrow_{q^+}T$ [*,ass]]         [$\neg Ga\Rightarrow_{q^+}T$ [*,ass]]]         [$Ha\Rightarrow_{q^+}T$ [*,ass]]]]]]]]]]]       \end{forest}     \end{sol}   \end{enumerate} \end{enumerate} \end{document}   results in an ugly page split as below.    How can I make the document look pretty?


Let $a, b, d \in\mathbb{Z}$. Suppose that $d \mid ab$. Prove that there exists $a_1, b_1 \in \mathbb{Z}$ such that $d = a_1 b_1$ and $a_1 \mid a$ and $b_1 \mid b$.


Buttons are wrapping up for me on a particular question

Am not sure whether its just for me or the normal account users as well, but on this particular question, , buttons are wrapping up in two lines...    Am on Chrome Version 33.0.1750.5, Windows 7, 1366*768 Resolution.


Let $f$ be an entire function, such that $$ \lvert\, f(x+yi)\rvert\le \frac{1}{\lvert y\rvert}, $$ for all $x$ and all $y\ne 0$.  Show that $f$ is bounded.


I have a VPS which is running windows XP SP3 on it. I want to connect from my home PC to the internet through it.   How can I configure a private proxy for this purpose? (sorry I couldn't find a way for windows by searching)  Update: I like to connect to the internet throw that VPS in my Windows Phone 8 too. I see I just can insert username, password, ip address and port in settings area. If I could set it up to run it on WP8, that will be perfect.


How do I prevent the /boot disk space error?

I get the "Not enough free disk space" error about once a month during software updates. I'm getting tired of having to manually clear out old kernels every time I get this message.  Is there something I can do to prevent this issue from regularly occurring? I would like to have an automated solution so I don't have to manually remove old kernels every month.  I would think there would be something in place to prevent old unused kernels from accumulating like this.    I know there are a bunch of questions on here on how to clear up some disk space in /boot in order to get rid of this error. That is not my question. I have not found any solutions that prevent this error from being a regular issue. I will continue searching while this question is up though, just in case I missed something.


Change focus in Excel to formula bar via keyboard using Excel 2011 in Mac

I want to ask the same question as  but for Microsoft Excel 2011 in Mac. The issue is that in Excel 2011 for Mac there is no Tools -> Options.


Cauchy product of an absolutely convergent sereis and a conditionally convergent series

We know by , Let $(a_n)_{n≥0}$ and $(b_n)_{n≥0}$ be real or complex sequences, then if $\sum_{n=0}^{+\infty}a_n$ converges absolutely and $\sum_{n=0}^{+\infty}b_n$ converges only conditionally, then their Cauchy product $\sum_{n=0}^{+\infty}c_n$ (with $c_n:=\sum_{i+j=n}a_i\cdot b_j$) converges to $AB$. ($A:=\sum_{n=0}^{+\infty}a_n,B:=\sum_{n=0}^{+\infty}b_n$) But can we say that $\sum_{n=0}^{+\infty}c_n$ converges absolutely? I searched through the Internet and found nothing about it.


Update Python 2.7 to latest version of 2.x

The version of python2 on my Ubuntu 14.04 machine is Python 2.7.6. How can I upgrade it to the the latest version of Python 2.X? The latest is currently 2.7.11.  I have tried apt-get update/upgrade, but the repository doesn't seem to have the latest version.


How to fix Seagate backup plus not readable on Mac?

I never had a problem with Seagate backup plus for Mac desktop until now. I connected it, and it keeps saying "disk not readable". I have only used it on one device. I have options to initialize, ignore, and reject. How to fix it? I have MacOS high Sierra version 10.13.4 (17E199)


First, I check that my native language is not English, and the problem described below met on one of the exams.   With this sentence:      "The most important news is that my parents [...] a new restaurant a few   weeks ago."   Is the correct tense to use the Present Perfect (have opened) or Past Simple (opened)?   I know that the word "ago" but rather that time Past Simple, but is it also possible to use the present perfect in some cases?  I would be grateful for clarification.


I use currently the function hclust() for Dendogram in R. It looks like:  res.hc <- hclust(d, method = "ward.D2" )   My special interest is to understand, what the method I have to use for my data and where is a difference.  I already took a look to the R Documentation ?hclust  The documentation is very poor, I could find only this part:     A number of different clustering methods are provided. Ward's minimum   variance method aims at finding compact, spherical clusters. The   complete linkage method finds similar clusters. The single linkage   method (which is closely related to the minimal spanning tree) adopts   a ‘friends of friends’ clustering strategy. The other methods can be   regarded as aiming for clusters with characteristics somewhere between   the single and complete link methods. Note however, that methods   "median" and "centroid" are not leading to a monotone distance   measure, or equivalently the resulting dendrograms can have so called   inversions or reversals which are hard to interpret, but note the   trichotomies in Legendre and Legendre (2012).      Two different algorithms are found in the literature for Ward   clustering. The one used by option "ward.D" (equivalent to the only   Ward option "ward" in R versions <= 3.0.3) does not implement Ward's   (1963) clustering criterion, whereas option "ward.D2" implements that   criterion (Murtagh and Legendre 2014). With the latter, the   dissimilarities are squared before cluster updating. Note that   agnes(, method="ward") corresponds to hclust(, "ward.D2").   Can anybody provide me better introduction to this method and probably try to explain, how I can select the right method for my data (my data is very similar to ibis setosa dataset).


Windows 10 Cannot change This PC -> Documents location to default

So I was messing around with OneDrive and decided to go back to Google Drive after seeing the change from 15GB storage to 5. My Documents folder under This PC was set to my OneDrive folder, and after copying everything under the OneDrive folder back to C:\Users\MY_USERNAME\Documents, I disabled OneDrive.  Now This PC -> Documents links to the old OneDrive folder which is no longer in use, and I cannot change the directory when right clicking Documents -> Properties -> Location -> Restore Default.  I have admin rights on the machine under this account. I have full admin rights for the Documents folder which is currently linked to C:\Users\MYUSERNAME\OneDrive\Documents. I have full admin rights to the folder that I want to move it to C:\Users\MYUSERNAME\Documents. However, when clicking Restore Default under locations I receive the error:     The folder can't be moved here. Access is denied.