c++ delete statement for pointer of pointers

suppose I have some classes  class word{ public:     string term;     word(){}     word(string s){term = s;} };  class cont{ public:     word** terms;     cont(){};     cont(int n){terms = new word*[n];} };   suppose now I initialize a cont and its attribute terms like this  cont c(5); c.terms[0] = new word("a"); c.terms[1] = new word("b"); c.terms[2] = new word("c");   how should I delete the elements of this array? one by one? all at once? I didn't get how the delete/delete[] syntax works for pointer of pointers.


Calling interpolation plugin from Python console of QGIS

I would like to call the QGIS interpolation plugin function (TIN method)  (Raster->Interpolate)  from  python console.    I can't find the corresponding function within QGIS API or within the processing algorithm list.  I found the SAGA Triangulation algorithm, which works fine but is 5-10 x slower and speed is important in my case.  Any idea how to execute it?


Windows 8 installed Ubuntu 12.10 boots straight to Windows 8

I installed Ubuntu 12.10 on my new Windows 8 Dell Inspirin and would like to set up a Dual Boot.  However, when I restarted, it just went straight to Windows 8 without giving me a Grub screen with options to start Ubuntu.  I haven't had luck with EasyBCD or the BootRepair utility.    Any idea how I can get a Dual Boot working?


Java Beginner, comparing strings in nested for loop

Here is the problem statement: Write a function that compares 2 strings to return true or false depending on if both strings contain the same letters. Order doesn't matter.  I do not know how to properly compare the character arrays in my nested for loop. I wish I could be more specific with what my issue is, but I'm a really new learner and can't see why this isn't working. I do believe it's not doing what I would like in the nested for loops. Thanks in advance!  import java.util.Scanner;  public class PracticeProblems {   public static boolean stringCompare(String word1, String word2) {     char[] word1b = new char[word1.length()];     char[] word2b = new char[word2.length()];     boolean compareBool = false;      for(int i = 0; i < word1.length(); i++) {         word1b[i] = word1.charAt(i);         word2b[i] = word2.charAt(i);     }         for(int i = 0; i < word1.length(); i++) {         for(int j = 0; j < word2.length(); j++) {             if(word1b[i] == word2b[j]) {                 compareBool = true;                 break;             } else {                 compareBool = false;                 break;             }         }     }        return compareBool; }  public static void main(String []args) {     Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);     System.out.println("Word 1?");     String word1 = scan.nextLine();     System.out.println("Word 2?");     String word2 = scan.nextLine();      if(PracticeProblems.stringCompare(word1, word2) == true) {         System.out.println("Same Letters!");     } else {         System.out.println("Different Letters...");     }  }


Using an Emission shader with textures without affecting the color of the mesh?

I am using an image texture node as input to the emission node's color (basically, the texture controls the color of the emission).  Unfortunately, when I turn up the brightness of the emission node, the rendered mesh gets brighter and brighter until it's solid white.  I want the color of the mesh to stay the same but the light cast off by it to get brighter, is this possible do? How?


Do I need to get a transit visa for a layover at a Canadian airport?

I am a Philippine passport holder and I'm planning to travel to St Vincent and the Grenadines this month. Do I need to get a transit visa during my layover at Toronto and Port of Spain?


Show that it is not the case that if ⊨ ¬(A ∧ B) then ⊨ ¬A or ⊨ ¬B.   Consider the formula ¬(p∧¬p).  Replace A with p and B with ¬p.  Validity: this is deﬁned as truth preservation over all worlds of all interpretations. The intuitionist logical consequence is |=I


How to stop the rest of code in current method from executing in Java?

I have 4 textboxes, 2 of them being password boxes (for the user to confirm their password).  Here's my code:  public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent arg0) {     String username = usernameField.getText();     String emailAddress = emailField.getText();     String password1 = passwordField1.getText();     String password2 = passwordField2.getText();     if (password1 != password2) {         [code here]     } }   How can I make it so that if the passwords aren't equal it stops the rest of the code in that method from executing?


How to properly handle collision in a component-based game?

Trying to wrap my head around the ways to properly handle collision in a game designed around components.  I see many examples have some sort of PhysicsComponent that gets added to the entity's list of components but the actual implementation is confusing me.  For this to work, the PhysicsComponent would need access to the world around it. This doesn't make intuitive sense to me. Shouldn't a component be unaware of not only its container (the entity), but its container's container (the world)?  To me, it sounds like the level or scene should maintain a list of these entities and every game update, loop through the entities to determine which collide.  My question is firstly, whether or not this is good design, and secondly, how to determine which entities can collide. I suppose solid entities could implement an empty IRigidBody interface so the level could determine which entities in the list support collision. But is this breaking the component design?  Instead, should they contain an empty RigidBody component? This may actually be better because it may not always be empty and this approach is more future-proof. The only problem with this is the complexity. The scene would have to loop through not only every entity, but also every entity's components to determine if it had this RigidBody component.  Thirdly, when they do collide both entities should be informed somehow and I am unsure on how to accomplish this either.  Let's say that both entities contained a HealthComponent and when they collided both their healths would be decreased by some arbitrary value, 5. I suppose it would be the scene's responsibility to handle this when it detects a collision between two entities?  But then is the scene responsible for too much? I could see this possibly getting out of hand and becoming unwieldy when the scene is responsible for many things entities should not (?) have access to.  Edit: Question updated with more details.


Is GPU or CPU more important for Photoshop and Lightroom?

I'm looking to buy a laptop (for a spare) and I'm not ready to spend the amount I did on my first one. The machine will only be used for photo editing. Should I go for the dedicated graphics card or faster CPU? Has there been greater performance differences when using Photoshop with a better/more CPU or GPU?  Specifically I'm asking whether a dedicated GPU will offer a substantial jump in the performance of Photoshop and Lightroom over an integrated one, when compared with a faster CPU.  Note: the question is about comparing hardware performance specifically of the GPU & CPU when using PS & LR (I've done my own tests & research regarding SSDs, RAM, monitors etc. I'm not looking for help in buying a computer, I'll do that on my own...) I'm asking the question here because I assume many people using this site have either experienced or researched the topic and I would like to see what the results were


Ubuntu software updater failing to download repo information

Whenever I open Software Updater, it tries to download the repository information for updates and then it fails and shows Failed to download repository information, check your internet connection, even though my computer is connected to the internet. I tried changing the server location from the local server to the main server in the update managers setting. But then it shows, E:The repository 'http://ppa.launchpad.net/webupd8team/sublime-text-3/ubuntu bionic Release' does not have a Release file., W:Updating from such a repository can't be done securely, and is therefore disabled by default., W:See apt-secure(8) manpage for repository creation and user configuration details., W:An error occurred during the signature verification. The repository is not updated and the previous index files will be used. GPG error: https://pkg.jenkins.io/debian binary/ Release: The following signatures couldn't be verified because the public key is not available: NO_PUBKEY FCEF32E745F2C3D5, W:Target Packages (Packages) is configured multiple times in /etc/apt/sources.list:51 and /etc/apt/sources.list.d/sublime-text.list:1, W:Target Translations (en) is configured multiple times in /etc/apt/sources.list:51 and /etc/apt/sources.list.d/sublime-text.list:1, E:Failed to fetch http://downloads-distro.mongodb.org/repo/ubuntu-upstart/dists/dist/InRelease  Clearsigned file isn't valid, got 'NOSPLIT' (does the network require authentication?), E:The repository 'http://downloads-distro.mongodb.org/repo/ubuntu-upstart dist InRelease' is not signed.  Can someone tell me what is the issue here?


Does it count against me if Community ♦ rejects my edit because it conflicted with a subsequent edit?

From time to time, I see  rejecting edits and giving this reason:     This edit conflicted with a subsequent edit.   Would I get an edit ban if I suggest a sufficent number of edits that "conflict with subsequent edits"? I checked out , but couldn't find any info about that.


How to copy metadata of Partial Sandbox into a new Developer sandbox?

I Have only one license of Partial sandbox. I want to refresh it with Production. Before that I want to copy all the metadata present in the Partial sandbox into New/Existing Developer sandbox. How can do that?  Is it supported by salesforce? or are there any tools available for this requirement.  Thanks.


Is there any general solution technique for $\phi(n)=m$ where $m\in\mathbb{N}$ is given?

Several times I have come across about this problem. Solve $\phi(n)=m$ where $m$ is a given natural number. I did some investigation on the solution process, but till now I have not found any general procedure. May be I am wrong or may be my search is still require to go further, but I would like to get the suggestion from the experts around here. Can you please tell  me or at least provide me any link where I can find the general process of solving this types of number theoretical equation? Suppose that $m=12, 13, 15$ are given. How shall I proceed?  Thanks in advance


What is the difference between center of mass and center of gravity?

What is the difference between  and ?  These terms seem to be used interchangeably.  Is there a difference between them for non-moving object on Earth, or moving objects for that matter?


Is there a way for a reader (not the OP) to expand a scrollable window containing source code in a question?  I sometimes have difficulty understanding a block of code because I can't see it all at once. I find myself having to continually scroll the code up and down within the window.  It would be nice to be able to request that the code in all of its entirety be displayed in the question.


"In preparation for" or "In Preparation of"?

What´s the difference in use between "in preparation of" or "in preparation for"? They seem both correct.  Context:      The team practiced how they would respond to bad weather in   preparation of Election Day.


How do I add myself into the sudoers group?

Possible Duplicate:          I've added myself back into the admin's group I think, by following   But I still can't do commands like:  sudo aptitude update   I get the message  oshirowanen is not in the sudoers file.  This incident will be reported.   How do I add myself into the sudoers group now that I am in the admin group?


How to achieve this cut out letter effect?

How do I achieve this effect where that small part in "N" is taken out? I can use Sketch, Illustrator, Photoshop.  I can apply divide effect fine...    BUT when i start deleting the white block, this is what i see...      I wonder if that's b/c I added stroke to the text....?  How to fix it???


Database design for an E-commerce website

I am new to database design. I am designing a database for an E-commerce website, there are a lot of products to be updated, but while designing for product specification table I do not understand whether I need specify all the specifications in a table or do I need to use different tables for different products?  For example, consider the products Mobile and book, each of these having unique specifications (such as color,size, cost, model for mobile and title, ISBN, author, cost, year_of_publication, etc. for book), if it is only less number of products then it is possible for me to design, but when there is a thousands of products, it takes a lot of time.  Can anyone tell me how to design my database to manage this situation?


Calling Function in a Modular Javascript file triggered undefined object error

I recently started with Modular javascript files. But I am facing an issue when trying to call internal functions. My script is like this   var myTeamMaster=(function(){     alert(function1());     var function1=function()     {         alert("function1");     }     var function2=function()     {         alert("function2");     };     return     {         function1:function1,         function2:function2     } })();   As you can see Im just calling function1() from the alert. Its triggering object expected error. I didnt understand why?


How to access private methods from one form to another form?  For Example I have this method in Form1:  Form1:  private void Test (){}   Then how to access that method (private void Test) in Form2 so that that values that I entered in Form2 will be sent in the method Test??  Test is a datagridview and in form 2 I have to enter Name with corresponding values in it and if I press the save button, it should be automatically save in the datagridview which in in Form1.


Please, don't force me to log-out on all devices

I logged in on two systems, ie, office system and home. If I logged out of any one of the system means it won't get logged out , it asked me that I should log out on all devices.  Then I have to re log in to the system which I require. It is a nice feature to have logout on all devices.  This is happen for different browsers of same system too. This feature might not be seen for Gmail or Facebook or yahoo. and yes, StackOverflow is not a social networking.  I'm not asking for a new feature-request here. since, it's already .   What is the reason for forcing a user to log-out on all devices?  What is the drawback on logging out a single system or browser?


Let $I$ be the ideal in the ring $\Bbb C[x,y]$ defined by $$I=\{f\in\Bbb C[x,y]:f(x,y)=0\text{ for all $x,y\in\mathbb C$ such that $xy=1$}\}.$$     Question: Show that $\Bbb C[x,y]/I$ is not isomorphic to $\Bbb C[z]$.   My algebra is a bit rusty, so I can't find a way to prove this.     First of all, can we say that $f\in I$ if and only if $f(x,y)=(xy-1)g(x,y)$ for $g\in\Bbb C[x,y]$? So $I=\langle xy-1\rangle$?   I am trying to start by assuming there is a homomorphism $$\varphi:\Bbb C[x,y]\to\Bbb C[z]$$ with kernel $I$, but I get nowhere with this.


How To Install VNC Server On Ubuntu 18.04 LTS ...  How to access  Ubuntu 18.04 from Windows 10  using Remote Acess ...


Does anyone know this location? Thank you


pdflatex, \includegraphics, and multi-page PDF files

I have a PDF file with multiple figures; each figure is a separate page in the PDF file.  I am using pdflatex, and I would like to use \includegraphics or equivalent to include some of the figures.  Of course I could use an external tool to split the PDF file into multiple one-page PDF files. Then I could use \includegraphics as usual. However, I would have a much simpler workflow if I could avoid this extra step. Hence the question:  How can I include, e.g., page 3 of foo.pdf as a figure?  I am aware that there is a Latex package called pdfpages, but it seems to be designed for something else: with pdfpages, each page in the input file will produce a full page in the final document, not just a box.


Schema.org - Microdata and JSON-LD behave diffrently for same code

Having a hard time with JSON-DL and several blogPost. The way I see it, both Microdata one and JSON-DL one is exactly the same, yet the latter only show one blogPost, where Microdata show both.  HTML Microdata Markup:   ...

Article Heading One

Article Heading Two

    JSON-DL Markup:     Copy here to test:   Anyone see whats wrong?


I am planning to travel from Sweden to Spain by plane. I lost my ID and waiting for replacement but I do not want to go over the hassle when boarding the plane. Would I need to show ID card knowing that I will be booking online? I believe if I book online and travelling to another Schengen country, I would not need to show ID and only the boarding ticket?


Trying to find a true condition for an empty record

OK. Im reading all the objects from an arraylist and grabbing thier names.              for(Contractor o : fa.allValues){                 System.out.println(o.getName());             }   This returns  Bobs Tools                 //The problem Ic Remodeling Fred and Nobby Dogs With Tools Dogs With Tools Bitter Homes and Gardens Etc etc   Now....when i create and add an object, i want to put the new object in any empty spaces that it finds. It should find an empty space when it comes to the 2nd record.  However........  String str = allValues.get(1).getName(); // where 1 is the location of the empty record   all the following returns false  System.out.println(str == ""); System.out.println(str == " "); System.out.println(str == null);   I want to input a condition that returns true. What basic issue have i over looked here?


Syntax Error when invoking method from dll using "out" arguments

I'm trying to call a method from a dll fetched within the code. The foreign method to call:  private bool someMethod(out string errMsg)     {       //Error message is assigned       //Some more code       return aBoolean;     }   When I call the method with the following code:  string errorMessage;   someMethod.Invoke(activator, new object[] {out errorMessage});     I get the following error for "out errorMessage": Syntax error, ',' expected -- ',' or '}' expected    The method itself is correctly called when I ignore the out prefix, and the activator is assigned correctly according to the tests I have made  What's going on here?


I've been riding my bike for quite some time now, and I've noticed I get a clicking feeling when I'm pedaling. I've tried checking the rear derailleur's shifting, tension screws and the derailleur hanger, and the bike still has the clicking feeling.  I don't hear the clicking sound but I feel it, can someone help me please.


If starships can raise and lower their shields at will, how do they fail in battle?

The question is this: Starship's can materialize their shields instantly, when there were no shields (or no more than navigational deflectors) to begin with.  However, when there were some shields, and they take a hit in battle, they do not rapidly rematerialize as if they were being brought up for the first time.  What is the difference between "shields up" and "repair the shields"?  I know generators can be damaged, but we might surmise that regenerating slowly after taking a hit is a property of the shield itself.  Captain Picard, amongst many other Captains,  can order shields up after they haven't been activated for days, weeks or even months.  In the heat of battle, it is then the Captain's option to lower them completely, whether for transport or in certain most dire situations to save power.  However, when he raises them again, they won't be any stronger than when he dropped them.  So: how is it he was something that can materialize instantly, but cannnot rematerialize instantly?


back in the day (2006-07), before the Intel Mac days, I used an application called NuFile which let me create a "new file" like Windows on the fly. Ever since i've been searching for alternative but have been unsuccessful.   Do you guys know of any new apps that will allow this?


Proverb or expression for a situation with two choices, both leading to a different kind of trouble

I'm searching for a proverb or expression that describes a situation which has two choices or two ways out (that is, somewhat of a forced choice) where both lead to some kind of trouble (but not the same trouble).  As an example: Let's say that you can chose to go either left or right. If you go left, you will have to fight your way through an army of trolls. If you go right, you will have to go through a desert without any food or water for one week.


My Down Arrow Key in the keyboard is not working. Is there any way to map its functionality into another key in Ubuntu. How can I solve this problem without replacing my Keyboard?


The best method to compare survey response?

What would be the best method to compare to products on a question rated 1-7?  The current technique being utilized in my team is compare mean for the 2 groups using F test.  but doesn't it violates the very assumption of normal distribution of variable being compared?


What is a "callback" in C and how are they implemented?

From the reading that I have done, Core Audio relies heavily on callbacks (and C++, but that's another story).    I understand the concept (sort of) of setting up a function that is called by another function repeatedly to accomplish a task.  I just don't understand how they get set up and how they actually work.  Any examples would be appreciated.


How to select the operating system to start first on a dual-boot installation

How to select which operating system starts first on a dual-boot installation (Windows7 and Ubuntu 12.04)


Remove whitespace and parentheses in filenames with sed

I have a series of files I need to rename which all have the pattern " (*)" in them.  Eg;  001 (1).txt 002 (1).txt 003 (2).txt   My desired output is to rename the files to 001.txt, 002.txt, 003.txt. Note the real files vary in length and extension type (this is my test batch).  I have searched the net and SE and come up with the following which gives me the desired output in the terminal.   ls *\(*\)* | sed 's/\(.*\)\( (.*)\)\(.*\)/mv & \1\3/'  mv 001 (1).txt 001.txt mv 002 (1).txt 002.txt mv 003 (2).txt 003.txt   However once I pipe it to sh I get the error below.  sh: line 1: syntax error near unexpected token `(' sh: line 1: `mv 001 (1).txt 001.txt'   I know it has to do with the \( (.*)\) section.  I've tried escaping the internal parentheses but then that doesn't give me the desired output.  I've also searched for regex ways to say search for the whitespace followed by any 3 characters but have had no luck.  I know there are easier ways to achieve what I want but I went with sed as thus far it was the only thing I could vaguely understand.  Very much appreciate any input into getting the above line working and then considering easier approaches.


Force carrier particle exchanges and attraction

How can two particles be drawn together by exchanging other (force carrier) particles. Both reactive components of exchange and absorption logically seem to support repulsion. How are these particle exchanges responsible for attraction of the exchanging parent particles? Unable to find an online answer after considerable effort. Help


I was wondering if anyone could tell me how many MB I can send over iMessage? And when and why messages get compressed sometimes seemingly by random. I find it very awkward that Apple made this very important information secret and nowhere to be found on the net.   iPhone 6, iOS 9.x


I'd like to know how to get the file author using C#, Not the file owner but the file Author, because when searching I find just how to get the file owner.  I already try this:   string user = System.IO.File.GetAccessControl(file).GetOwner(typeof(System.Security.Principal.NTAccount)).ToString();   But this get the file owner.


Prove that all nxn nilpotent matrices of order n are similar.

I have to show that all $n \times n$ nilpotent matrices of order n are similar. My initial approach was to show that for all nilpotent matrices their minimun characteristic polynomial is of the form: $$\lambda^n$$  Is this sufficient?  Can someone show me a formal approach to this problem?  Thanks!


Does Fisher Information quantify precision?

Looking at perspective from estimating the actual value from a set of data measured by the instrument. Does Fisher information just quantify the precision of the measurement?  What does it say about the "Sensitivity" of the measurement. If it does not address Sensitivity, is there any other quantity which does?  I am Physicist by the upbringing, hence pardon me if I make mistake.


Why are the symbolic (textual) coordinates misaligned in my pgfplots plot?

I am creating a plot with pgfplots and using symbolic (textual) input coordinates. My MWE is as follows:  \providecommand{\myrootdir}{..} \documentclass[tikz]{standalone} \onlyifstandalone{     \usepackage{pgfplots}     \pgfplotsset{compat=1.15} }  \begin{document} \begin{tikzpicture}     \begin{axis}[         width=80mm,height=50mm,         xtick=data,         symbolic x coords={yellow, green, blue}]          \addplot+[sharp plot]         coordinates {(yellow, 2) (green, 1) (blue, 3)};         \addplot+[sharp plot]         coordinates {(yellow, 2.5) (green, 2) (blue, 3)};         \addplot+[sharp plot]         coordinates {(yellow, 3) (green, 3) (blue, 1)};      \end{axis} \end{tikzpicture} \end{document}   This produces the following plot:    As you can see in the image, the input coordinate "green" is misaligned (too high). How can I fix this?


I installed apache2, php5 and mysql. http://localhost/ url in browser shows it works. I saved a php file in /var/www/ as testphp.php. Code in the file is..  <?php phpinfo(); ?>   Now on entering http://localhost/testphp.php in browser, it gives this error..    I don't understand why this is happening. Can anyone explain how to work with php? Also please explain how to connect php with mysql server installed on my system.  EDIT : I open the file from terminal in gedit. When I edit some text in the file, these warnings appear in the terminal..  (gedit:28157): Gtk-WARNING **: Calling Inhibit failed:  GDBus.Error:org.freedesktop.DBus.Error.ServiceUnknown: The name org.gnome.SessionManager was not provided by any .service files   EDIT2 : I saved the file to /var/www/html but still get the error.


Display time stamp in dd/mm/yyyy_hh:mm:ss:ms in Unix or Linux

I need to display date and time in desired format in Unix/ Linux. My desired format is: dd/mm/yyyy hh:mm:ss:ms in Unix or Linux. I got close using the following command:  echo $(date +%x_%r)   This returns:  08/20/2012_02:26:14 PM   Any suggestions?


Story about boy living in a city sheltered from post-nuclear fallout?

I remember reading a story (I think it was a single book, though it may have been a series) when I was younger that took place after a nuclear holocaust (it probably wasn't described as such, but that's the distinct impression I get looking back on it).  Humanity had retreated into a walled "safe zone" several generations ago to protect themselves, and everybody knew that it was still deadly outside at the time the book was set.  Early in the book, our protagonist met a girl named either Aubrey or Audrey, who turned out to have bionic eyes.  At some point, he found an arcade game simulating a fighter jet, which he instinctively knew how to fly.  It turns out that this was because     of a mystical connection to his hitherto-unknown twin brother, who had received extensive training (in preparation for war?).   It also turns out that the game was actually a recruitment tool (à la The Last Starfighter).  The last detail I remember was when he and Au(b/d)rey went outside the safe zone (I think in a real plane?) and found     that it was perfectly hospitable outside; the entire war was a ruse perpetrated by the extraordinarily rich to force everyone else into hiding, so they could all have huge estates without running out of land.   I know these are all fairly obscure details, but I'm hoping that that's offset by their specificity, and that they're enough for someone who has read the story to recognize it.


Vertically centered horizontal rule filling the rest of a line?

I'd like to have a horizontal line extending from the end of the text on a line to the right margin. So far I've found \hrulefill and \leaders\hrule\hfill, but these draw a line that's flush with the baseline of my text — how can I get it to be vertically centered?


Hygienic fitness of frozen fully cooked food

I cooked chicken soup and freeze it.For how long I can eat it


How to read file from a folder that has many sub-folders

I have a data directory has has three sub-directories and each sub-directory has three different sub-directories. And I need to read two different files from the last sub-directory. How can I accomplish this? I tried this using the below code and I am not able to navigate through all the sub-directories. cd $datadir  for dirs in *;      do      cd $dirs               for folders in *;               do               echo $folders;                file1=$(find "$folders" -name '*regADNI.nii.gz');             file2=$(find "$folders" -name '*0.25mm-Crop.nii.gz');              echo $file1             echo $file2               fname=$(echo "$file1" | sed 's|\(.*\)/.*|\1|');             #echo $fname              echo "***************"                      done      cd .     pwd   Following is the folder organization  Can anyone help me with this? Thanks Anandh.


Quantum mechanics - "God does not play dice" - does he? Or might he not?

I'm a mechanical engineer by training, so please forgive ignorance in my question.  Heisenberg's uncertainty principle states (to my understanding) that one cannot measure both position and momentum to arbitrarily high accuracy, but does this imply (or does this not imply) that one cannot measure one and predict the other?  Consider the following thought experiment. Construct a box with a button and screen on the outside. When the button is pressed, a number between 0 and 1 appears on the screen. Let's suppose that the number on the screen represents the results of an experiment. If a troll is inside the box and uses an algorithm to decide what number is displayed (let's say a pseudo-random number generator), then couldn't someone on the outside of the box theoretically guess what algorithm is being used?  I guess the question I'm asking is: although physics can be accurately described by a stochastic model, does this imply that developing a non-stochastic model is impossible?


Traces of all positive powers of a matrix are zero implies it is nilpotent

Let $A$ be an $n\times n$ complex nilpotent matrix. Then we know that because all eigenvalues of $A$ must be $0$, it follows that $\text{tr}(A^n)=0$ for all positive integers $n$.  What I would like to show is the converse, that is,      if $\text{tr}(A^n)=0$ for all positive integers $n$, then $A$ is nilpotent.   I tried to show that $0$ must be an eigenvalue of $A$, then try to show that all other eigenvalues must be equal to 0. However, I am stuck at the point where I need to show that $\det(A)=0$.  May I know of the approach to show that $A$ is nilpotent?


Can't create a chunk loading ticket in Forge

I tried making a ticket using:      Ticket ticket = ForgeChunkManager.requestTicket(this, this.minecraftServer.entityWorld, ForgeChunkManager.Type.NORMAL);   The above code is in my main mod class. I get a NullPointerException when I try to run my mod.


Why do cheap flights with a layover get more expensive when you split them up into separate flights?

I have found some cheap flights from London to Tokyo on Google Flights which I plan to purchase.  However, the flight has a layover - the legs are London to Moscow, then Moscow to Tokyo.  I thought that, rather than spend 4 hours in a Moscow airport, perhaps I could try purchasing my flights separately to allow a whole day in Moscow, and I'll spend a night exploring the city.  However, when I search on the same dates for Moscow to Tokyo, I find that that leg of the flight by itself is far more expensive than buying the combined flight to from London to Tokyo.  Is there a reason for this?  Is there a convenient way to find flights which purposefully extend layovers for a day or so?


Question:   $\ $Prove or disprove that   $$\int_0^1\sin(\pi x)\,x^x\,(1-x)^{1-x}\ dx\ =\ \frac{e\pi}{4!}$$   The numerical integration by Matlab showed that $$\left|\ \int_0^1\sin(\pi x)\,x^x\,(1-x)^{1-x}\ dx\ - \ \frac{e\pi}{4!}\ \right|\ <\ 10^{-15}$$ which made me kind of believe that the equality holds.  Therefore, I tried to prove it by contour integration, integration by parts and all other methods I could come up with. However, it seems that none of them would work.  Could anyone help me with this question? Any hint will be much appreciated.


Java RegEx for key value pair in one or more lines

key1 = value1 key2 =   value2 key3  =   value3   key value pair in one or more lines. Tried (\w+)\s{0,}=\s{0,}(("(.+?)")|(.+?)(?=\s|$))


Defining the exterior derivative with torsion

As introduced in most standard GR textbooks, the exterior derivative of a p-form $X$ is defined in a coordinate basis as $(dX)_{\mu_1....\mu_{{p+1}}}:= (p+1) \partial_{[\mu_1}X_{\mu_2....\mu_{{p+1}]}}$ (1). One can show that this transforms as a tensor (or more specifically a p+1 form)  when changing from one coordinate basis to another coordinate basis. However, in GR, the definition of a tensor means that it must also transform appropriately when we go to an anholonomic basis (non-coordinate basis). Since in GR we assume that the connection is torsion free then we can write the exterior derivative in the form $(dX)_{a_1....a_{{p+1}}}= (p+1) \nabla_{[a_1}X_{a_2....a_{{p+1}]}}$ (2) which is a tensor in the full sense (ie in coordinate and anholonomic basis). When we define the exterior derivative on manifolds with torsion-full connections, how do we do this? Do we just use the definition (2)? If so, it seems odd that we should start the definiton of (1) if (2) is more general. Also I thought the exterior derivative was useful because it is not meant to be related to the connection but (2) is related to the connection.


$x^2+1=0$ in $\mathbb{Z}_7$   By trying each number, I see that there is no solution, is this correct?  And could you help me with a more direct solution, since this method is not going to work for $\mathbb{Z}_p$ when $p$ is a large prime number .  Thank you very much!


What is this device in "additional drivers"?

What is this unknown device?  It defaulted to "do not use this device" and said "this device is not working".  I had to choose the proprietary option and now it says "This device is using an alternative driver".


The theater, the actors and the 'graviton'

In my perception of the universe, there's the theater which is the 'spacetime' and the actors meaning the 'particles'. If i got it right, GR claims that the 'actors' effect the 'theatre' by 'bending' it. Also in order to combine GR and QM, some beleive in the existence of the 'graviton'. Does this mean that the 'theater' is no longer needed since gravity is not a property of spacetime anymore? Does the hypothetical existaence of the graviton cancels out the spacetime and it's  'curvature'?  If gravity is 'transfered' trough 'gravitons' and its not a property of spacetime and its curvature, how can we explain its impact to EM transmision ? How does a particle (graviton) can influence the path of motion of another particle (photon) in space?


You are allowed only to go east or north. Because of road construction, you cannot touch the points $a, b, c$ and $d$. Under these restrictions, the number of ways that you can go from $(0, 0)$ and finish at $(8, 8)$ in the following figure is:    First, I used ${16\choose 8}$ to get the number of ways without this construction. I am a bit confused on what to do next...


How to interpret output of "free -m" command?

The output of free -m is:                       total    used    free    shared  buffers  cached Mem:                  595      482     112         0       63     324 -/+ buffers/cache:              93     501 swap:                   0        0       0   Which value of used memory is correct, 482 or 93?


What is the evolutionary advantage of having polymorphisms in MHC?

The MHC genes are widely polymorphic and hence cause an issue in tissue matching pre-transplantation. Why is there such a polymorphism?   I know that different polymorphisms in MHC can lead to variation in the immune response to the same offender. But then, if there is a difference, shouldn't there be a selection for those that mount a better response?   So, why the polymorphism?


How to prove that $\sum_{k=0}^{n}(-1)^k \binom {n}{k}=0 $

Given a positive integer $n$. How to prove that $\sum\limits_{k=0}^{n}(-1)^k \dbinom{n}{k} = 0 $ ?   I've tried using mathematical induction, then:  $$p(1)=\sum_{k=0}^{1}(-1)^k \binom {1}{k}=0 $$  And my induction hypothesis is: $$p(n)=\sum_{k=0}^{n}(-1)^k \binom {n}{k}=0 $$ So, i need prove: $$p(n+1)=\sum_{k=0}^{n+1}(-1)^{k} \binom {n+1}{k}=0 $$ Let $\sum_{k=0}^{n+1}(-1)^{k} \binom {n+1}{k}$, $$\begin{align} \sum_{k=0}^{n+1}(-1)^{k} \binom {n+1}{k} &= \sum_{k=0}^{n}(-1)^{k} \binom {n}{k}+(-1)^{k} \binom {n+1}{n+1} \\ &=0 + (-1)^{k} \end{align}$$ What am i doing wrong?


I'm trying to recreate the windows 10 background effect on a logo I've made in blender.  Half the logo has a glass like material, the other half has a steel like material. And I'm using cycles at the moment.  I've put various light sources behind the logo and tried a few variations of volumetric scatter in the world to get the god ray sort of feel coming off the logo, but it's just not looking anywhere near as effective as I'd like.  I know the win10 background was a real set and photographed, but has anyone come across a tutorial to do something similar in blender?  I'm very new to the tool, I'd appreciate any pointers in the right direction.


I want to use overlay in this case:  \documentclass{beamer} \usepackage{amsmath,enumerate,amssymb}  \begin{document} \begin{frame}{Is this a fraction or a ratio?}     \centering     \resizebox{0.8\textwidth}{!}{         \only<1>{$3:4$}         \only<2>{$12:16$}         \only<3>{$\frac{1}{2}$}         \only<4>{$\frac{2}{1}$}         \only<5>{$\frac{2.5}{10}$}         \only<6>{$\frac{10}{2.5}$}         \only<7>{$1.2:1.6$}         \only<8>{0.75}         } \end{frame} \end{document}   Why are the numbers in each slide shifting to the right after each frame?


Is there conclusive evidence that Rowling planned the existence of the Deathly Hallows before the book of that name?

I can't find this question previously answered here and as this site is about gathering a database of knowledge, I feel it must be asked.  Inspired by my brief discussion with @Richard.  I believe Rowling has planted nods to them in the books, but is there solid proof out there that she planned the hallows before The Deathly Hallows book?


Issues with win key and right alt key after Windows Update (Polish diacritical signs not working)

I've got a problem that occured to me out of nowhere.  Today in the morning, as I logged in to my computer at work I cannot input Polish diacritical signs. For example rAlt + A should give Ą but instead it gives no character. On the other hand : rAlt + rCrtl + A gives the expected Ą sign. Also another weird thing: before the WindowsKey + R shortcut opened the Run command without any lag or nothing. Today it opens the menu at first, after that proceeds to Run command.  I've checked every possible language setting. Everything is fine. Keyboard layout - Polish (Programmer) also is fine. Checked my graphics driver (since they can have some issues with shortcuts) and nothing. The OS is malware free. Any possible issue with shortcuts checked with no result.   My computer: Samsung NP550P7C, Windows 8.1 Enterprise (after every possible update).  I hope there is another way than reinstalling the OS since I have alot of software to be reinstalled with it to enable me to work.


Difference in meaning of "frustrated at" and "frustrated with"

What is the difference in meaning of "frustrated at" and "frustrated with" used in sentences like     He is frustrated with me   or      He is frustrated at me   When is each of these sentences above are used?


Remove hash URLs from Google search results after removing the hash

I recently removed the hash from the URLs of my website built with AngularJS. Now I would like to remove the old URLs from the Google search results to avoid duplicate content.   Problem is, when I try to do this via the Webmaster Tools' URL removal tool, the hash gets removed from my input and Google tries to remove my root URL from the index.  Also, when I add Disallow: /#/ to my robots.txt file, ALL requests are being blocked.  Should I just be patient and wait until Google recognizes the change or is there a way to remove these URLs?  PS: Calling the hash URLs will not lead to a 404, they are just forwarded to the non-hashed page automatically. But no hash URL is included in my sitemap nor linked anywhere on my page.  PPS: I found a similar question , but it's not exactly the same as I didn't switch to hashbang URLs but instead I'm taking advantage of Googles relatively new ability to query AngularJS pages properly.


What are Hooks in Drupal and can I learn and use them if I've yet to learn PHP?

Whenever I try to read about what are Hooks in Drupal, and how to manipulate forms or content with them, the text seem not to deal with the UI at all, but mostly with coding... Maybe I did not encounter the right reading material about UI-Hook relationship?  Can someone please detail in simple words and  a simple example?   What are Hooks? Do you use them via UI or only through Coding?  Do I need to know PHP to use a module such as Hook form-alter?


Using Chinese Remainder Theorem when moduli are not pairwise relatively prime

I have this a bit of nightmarish set of equations: $$x \equiv 10\pmod {19271}$$ $$x \equiv 4\pmod {7343}$$ $$x \equiv 8\pmod {9973}$$ For which I am supposed to use Chinese Remainder Theorem to find a solution or to show that one does not exist. Now I have started solving it in a way that would give me $X$ through equation: $$X = r_{1}M_{1}x_{1} + r_{2}M_{2}x_{2} + r_{3}M_{3}x_{3}$$ but then have noticed that $19271$ and $7343$ share a common divisor in 7. The literature I have on my hands doesn't explain that well how to tackle this case, other than having a single remark which states that the theorem used states nothing in the case of moduli not being pairwise relatively prime, and the stuff I went through via online search doesn't really explain it that well due to lack of practical examples. I was wondering if someone knows how to go about this thing and if it would be possible to explain the steps in a relatively simple way as I had trouble understanding what I encountered so far.


How to have Microsoft Edge close on runtime

I have been trying to disable Microsoft Edge on my computer for some time and believe I need to resort to having it automatically closed on runtime. The idea would be to render Edge unusable, while it still being present on the system (since it is not possible to remove). I am able to have a task run on Task Scheduler, but beyond that will I need clear instruction and possible links to tutorials. I have asked a  but it was ineffective (either me or the code itself- my question may not have been clear). Keep in mind in your answer I have no experience with CMD or PowerShell and so all instructions will have to be made very explicit.


What is the difference between cylindrical and azimuthal symmetry, are they the same? I have not been able to find a clear explanation of these terms wrt. a cylinder. I need to know which length I should integrate over to solve the problem below.  A cylinder of radius $R$ and length $L$ has a cylindrically symmetric volume charge density of $\rho(x)$. Calculate the total charge on the cylinder.


Short story about a woman that travels to other planets. Read online recently. She just manages to live long enough to embrace new technology

I believe she loses a loved one and decides to take a pill to make her better. She eventually embraces technology and becomes a interplanetary (and possibly inter-galaxy) traveler. She travels using beacons of some sort. Eventually returning to earth (Washington state area, maybe Oregon. ). Wow - I know that's vague. Thanks for any help. I did try and search.


A question in Complex Analysis $\int_0^{2\pi}\log(1-2r\cos x +r^2)\,dx$

My problem is to integrate this expression:  $$\int_0^{2\pi}\log(1-2r\cos x +r^2)dx.$$ where $r$ is any constant in $[0,1]$.  I know the answer is zero. Can you explain you idea to me or just prove that? Maybe you will use the "Cauchy integral theorem ".


$$\sum_{r=0}^{3n-1} \frac{(-1)^{r-1}r}{\binom{3n}{r}}$$  I tried, $$\frac{r}{\binom{3n}{r}}=\frac{(3n-r)!r!*r}{3n!}$$ And tried to make a telescopic series out of this, but couldn't proceed further. Any help would be appreciated


Suggestions for editing old "Not constructive" question into constructiveness so that it can be preserved

was closed as "Not constructive" a little while ago by CasperOne. I'm not here to argue about the closure; in fact, I'm forced to agree that, as it stands, the question is explicitly a polling question and eligible to be closed for that reason.  I'd like to see it preserved, however; it's got a fair bit of useful in-depth information for ObjC/Cocoa developers on the "singleton" topic.* It's also (possibly more importantly) a great duplicate target -- have a look at the list of linked questions. I want to try to stave off deletion, and hopefully get it reopened.** (I did vote for reopening, but it expired.)  My thought is to edit the question itself into a "constructive" form, but after spending some time pondering how to do so, I'm not crazy about any of the ideas that I've come up with. Essentially they all involve reworking the question to fit the answers:   Rewrite the question so that the accepted answer fits exactly. "I've got this singleton implementation, but I really want the creation to happen earlier in my app's execution. How can I make that happen?" This is artificial and (in my opinion) doesn't make a particularly good question. Make the question still general, but more concrete and focused on the implementation give in the body. "What are the pitfalls associated with this singleton creation procedure? Are there other features that my singleton should have?" This is still skirting the border of discussion->NC, and none of the answers really respond to this exactly. Remove the implementation from the question and just ask for the "best" implementation. This obviously requires coming up with stringent criteria for "best", and, while it would preserve the relationship between the Q and A's best, might not even move it out of NC territory.   I'm looking for suggestions of ways to re-write this so that it can stick around. Alternatively, if you think I should just be advocating for a historical lock, say so.   If you think my basic premise is faulty and don't think the question should be preserved at all, I respectfully request that you just downvote me instead of answering -- I'd prefer not to turn this into an argument about the merits of the question, and I definitely don't want it to become a(nother) "deletionist"/"inclusionist" skirmish (and I am not infrequently ).    *Quite a bit of it unfortunately in comments.  **Historical locking would also be an acceptable solution to me, but it doesn't seem to fit the "controversial" criterion.


Change the "closed as duplicate" wording on meta

When a question on meta has been asked before, it is closed as a duplicate.  This is true even if the original:   does not have an answer at all; or, does not have an answer that fully addresses the problem (anybody can "answer" a question about why a feature exists or doesn't exist or works the way it does, for example, but that doesn't mean the asker's problem has been "solved").   When the question is closed, it inherits this text in the body:     This question is an exact duplicate of:   However after the question (and any comments), with my emphasis on the points I don't like:     This question has been asked before and already has an answer. If those answers do not fully address your question, please ask a new question.   I think it is more likely on meta than anywhere else that the question has been asked before but does not have an answer (), and happens often when people think a question is so old that it is being ignored, and a "new" question might breathe some life into the issue.  What I don't like about the current wording is that (a) it is logically and factually incorrect in cases like this, and (b) it encourages the asker to ask the same question a third time - not only if no answers exist on the original, but also if they don't think the answers there address their concern(s).  The point of closing as a duplicate is because the question has been asked before - not that it has been answered before (or answered to the satisfaction of the new asker). My suggestion is to change the wording so that it's clear that a question shouldn't be asked again even if the original hasn't been answered (or answered to the asker's satisfaction). Since the asker only sees this text after 5 community members (or < 5 + a moderator) have deemed that the question is, in fact, a duplicate, perhaps as simple as:     This question has been asked before.   Or if we want to encourage the edit and reopen path:     This question has been asked before. If you feel there are aspects of the issue not covered by the original, please edit those details into your question.


I like how rendering works in viewport - displaying the whole image all the time, and making it sharper every second. Is it possible to disable tiles for F12 too?


Does True Strike alert an enemy to my presence?

The spell text makes no mention of any effect that would be perceived by the target, so unless there is another rule that would come into play, I suspect that a player could use True Strike without their target noticing.


What is the math behind the game Spot It?

I just purchased the game . As per , the structure of the game is as follows:     Game has 55 round playing cards. Each card has eight randomly placed symbols. There are a total of 50 different symbols through the deck. The most fascinating feature of this game is any two cards selected will always have ONE (and only one) matching symbol to be found on both cards.   Is there a formula you can use to create a derivative of this game with different numbers of symbols displayed on each card.  Assuming the following variables:   S = total number of symbols C = total number of cards N = number of symbols per card   Can you mathematically demonstrate the minimum number of cards (C) and symbols (S) you need based on the number of symbols per card (N)?


What happens when a force is not applied on the centre of the mass?

The answer to this question    states that for a force applied not directly on the center of mass will have the same linear acceleration as one applied on the center of mass. If this is true, then consider the following:    A disc with center of mass on the dot. Firstly, does that mean that force a will result in purely downward motion, as if a could be translated towards the center of mass (of course with some torque as well), or will it be at an angle (if so, what angle?). Secondly, does force a balance with force c (no net linear force) or does force a balance with force d (for linear) or do both pairs balance? I'm supposing that a and c will generate no torque and a and d will, but I am only really interested in linear motion for now.


How Can I Convert SQL Server 2012 Version 11.0.3000.0 to SQL Server 2012 Version 11.1.3000.0?

I have SQL Server 2012 with version 11.0.3000.0 .    I need upgrade my version to SQL Server 2012 SP1 because I need install Cumulation 4 in Sql Server 2012 Cumulative Update 4 for use PowerPivot in Multidimensional Database.  Before install Sql Server 2012 Cumulative Update 4 I need Upgrade my SQL Server to Service Pack 1.  How Can I Update My Version to SP1.  I sow  and download SQLServer2012SP1-KB2674319-x64-ENU.exe and SQLServer2012SP1-FullSlipstream-ENU-x64.iso but this not work in my Server.  I have this error :


I am try to do something based on the ID of a vertices. I want blender to show me the vertices ID. How can I have blender show me the ID in the viewport? I do not see an option in the Mesh Display tab.


How to re-project graphics returned from a geoprocessing service on the fly?

I have a geoprocessing service returning a feature-set in WGS_84. I want to show that graphics on the map using Arcgis JS api. As I can see my geometries are not re-projected on the fly, since my base-map is in a projected coordinate system and my geometries keep their geographic coordinate system (wgs_84). How can I tell the graphic layer to be re-projected in the fly so as to follow my base-map's spatial reference ?  In other words I want to find a way to reproject a graphics layer in a desired projected system, from inside the arcgis JS api using javascript, and after I have received my results (graphics )from the GP service.


Short story about children who stop aging from a scientist's vaccination, and only age if they learn to read

In this short story a scientist introduces a vaccine to stop children from aging so that parents never have to suffer the loss of watching them grow up and leave home. The main character is a mother who lives in an apartment complex and does almost the same thing everyday with her ageless child, always making sure he never is near books so he cannot learn to read and therefore grow up. A rebellious kid in the complex introduces this child to books and the story ends with the mother finding her child reading, and telling her he'll never leave her he promises.  I remember reading it in elementary school as part of a collection of shorts in science fiction.


Cannot Include ORCID in IEEE ACCESS template

I am trying to include ORCID in IEEE ACCESS Template by following this   I don't understand why if I create an empty project on overleaf and put the code in the above link, then it works fine, but when I put the code into IEEE ACCESS Template, it shows a bunch of error like this:      Missing number, \usr/local/texlive/2019/texmf-dist/tex/generic/pgf/math/pgfmathfunctions.random.code.tex, line 33 , treated as zero.      <to be read again>                         \gdef      l.33 \ifnum                \c@pgfmath@counta=0     A number should have been here; I inserted `0'.     (If you can't figure out why I needed to see a number,     look up `weird error' in the index to The TeXbook.)      ! Extra \fi.     l.35 \fi   The problem is at line 33, there is no problem at all. Please help, thank you


video sequence editor- how to render video with reversed picture order?

How can I reverse the picture-order (like the rendered video plays from end to beggining) in VSE? is there a quicker way than to render it as individual pictures and renameing them so that the order switches?


Placing effective `linefeeds` into the text of nodes in a `tikzpicture` node

How do I achieve a linefeed in the text of a tikzpicture node? \\ does nothing, neither does \linefeed, I understand that \textbackslash is simply regarded as a character. Is there a way to have linefeeds replace the : characters in the MWE below? Nothing jumps at me browsing through the TikZ&PGF manual (other than Karl and Hagen). Although everything I do in in LaTeX is LaTeX3, I have in this instance removed the reference to expl3 as it does not appear to make one iota of difference.     \documentclass{article} % RN. 9 Nov 2017 %======================= \usepackage{tikz} %----------------------- \begin{document} \begin{tikzpicture} [level distance=10mm, every node/.style={circle,draw,inner sep=0.5pt}, level 1/.style={sibling distance=80mm}, level 2/.style={sibling distance=40mm}, level 3/.style={sibling distance=20mm}, level 4/.style={sibling distance=10mm}, level 5/.style={sibling distance=5mm}, level 6/.style={sibling distance=2.5mm}] \node{9\newline -2}child{node{5\textbackslash\textbackslash2}child{node{2\\-2} child[missing]child{node{4:1}child{node{3:0}}child[missing]}}child{node{7:0}}} child{node{17:-3}child{node{16:1}child{node{11:0}}child[missing]}child{node{23:3} child{node{22:3}child{node{18:-2}child[missing]child{node{19:-1} child[missing]child{node{21:0}}}}child[missing]}child{node{24:0}}}}; \end{tikzpicture} \end{document}


In Inception, how did everyone finally get out of dream Level 1?

Once the job was complete, everyone was back at level 1. But how did they manage to get out of there and wake up, if they couldn't kill themselves without ending up in limbo and the armed subconscious were still around trying to kill them?


How to leave more room between two lines

I have this case formula which I need to make a little more readable by adding a little more space, vertically, between the two cases.  \begin{cases} f = -\frac {w_1*m + w_2*\frac{-d}{d_M} + w_3*\frac{r}{N} + w_4*s}{w_1+w_2+w_3+w_4} &\hbox{when }m \geq t \\ f = -\frac {w_1*m + 5*w_2*\frac{-d}{d_M} + w_3*\frac{r}{N} + w_4*s}{w_1+w_2+w_3+w_4} & \hbox{when } m< t \end{cases}     How to add an extra space in the latex case above?


Check for column name in a SqlDataReader object

How do I check to see if a column exists in a SqlDataReader object?  In my data access layer, I have create a method that builds the same object for multiple stored procedures calls.  One of the stored procedures has an additional column that is not used by the other stored procedures.  I want to modified the method to accommodate for every scenario.  My application is written in C#.


Certain vertices and edges are discolored (2.79b)

I've been wrestling with some free assets that refuse to render correctly no matter what I do. Currently I have a blend file with many imported glTF files, they all seem to render properly enough except for vertex-specific lighting issues that I can't seem to iron out.  Before this, I had tried using the OBJ and FBX files that came with this package and there were a couple bizarre lighting issues- Firstly, whenever I tried to add lighting or shadows the light would go on the side opposite the light source and would overlap with the shadows. I had imported the models into Godot but this also happened in Blender. The second issue was that when I tried to edit the meshes in blender the lighting would go nuts. I'm curious about this but it's not entirely relevant to this specific question.     if you want to look yourself.  Currently these glTF assets are all free-floating triangles save for the ones I have edited so I am going through manually and removing duplicate vertices on each model. Some of the models have discoloration on specific vertices that I know aren't normal issues (tried recalculating normals many times) and don't all disappear if I separate the meshes or fiddle with shading modes (sharp , smooth). This specific model, a canoe, had a lot of issues but I have fixed all but two very persistent vertices that are greyer than normal in edit and lighter than normal in render.    This is Material shading but in Solid and Rendered the discoloration is a more subtle gradation, yet still annoying. This is in Cycles Render, also.  Here is the .blend:    If anyone can tell me how to make the coloration normal throughout the model that would be very appreciated!  EDIT: Turns out every single model from this source had messed up lighting (OBJ files too) because they had Custom Split Normals Data. I don't know what that is but dang is it annoying to remove it from every single model and then re-export!


How to correct for a xshift in the pgfplot legend?

Using the following example code:  \documentclass{article}  \usepackage{pgfplots} \pgfplotsset{compat=newest}  \begin{document} \begin{tikzpicture}         \begin{axis}[                 xlabel=$x$,                 ylabel={$f(x) = x^2 - x +4$}         ]         % use TeX as calculator:         \addplot {x^2 - x +4};         \addlegendentry{First plot}         \addplot [xshift=1cm]{x^2 - x +4};         \addlegendentry{Second plot}         \end{axis} \end{tikzpicture} \end{document}   Creates this chart with the strange legend:    I guess this is due to the xshift property for the plot, but how can I revert this?


Complex analysis : If $z =re^{i\theta}$, then prove that $|e^{iz}| =e^{-r\sin\theta}$

Problem :   If $z =re^{i\theta}$, then prove that $|e^{iz} | =e^{-r\sin\theta}$   My working :   $z = re^{i\theta} = r(\cos\theta + i\sin\theta)$   $\Rightarrow iz = ir(\cos\theta +\sin\theta) $ = $-r\sin\theta +ir\cos\theta $  $\Rightarrow e^{iz} =e^{(-r\sin\theta +ir\cos\theta)} = e^{-\sin\theta} e^{ir\cos\theta} $   $\Rightarrow |e^{iz}| = |e^{-r\sin\theta}||e^{ri\cos\theta}|$   Now please guide how to proceed further to get the result... thanks.


I have this problem:     Let $R$ a PID and $J\subseteq R$ a non-zero ideal. Prove that $R/J$ has a finite number of ideals.   I think that I must use the biyective correspondance between the ideals of $R$ that contain $J$ and the ideals of $R/J$, but I still don't see why I have a finite number of ideals that contain $J$. Can anyone give me a hint or I'm going in the wrong way?


Can I damage an iPhone if I use a 24 watt (5volt) charger?

I know that using a higher amperage charger will make a device charge faster.  But is there a limit to how high the current can be?  Could too high a current damage the battery?.  Could I use a 24watt (5v/4.1A) USB charger (intended to charge USB-C devices such as my Nexus 5x) to charge an iPhone?.  I'd use a USB-A to USB-C cable for connection.


Formatting numbers for commas and decimal places with Javascript

I'm trying to create a function with javascript that displays all numbers with two decimal points and adds commas every three digits (1,000 10,000 100,000 etc).    At first I had this:    var formatNumber = function(num) {     return parseFloat((num).toFixed(2)).toLocaleString(); };   This works very well but with one exception.  1.2 != 1.20 in the final output.  It just shows up as 1.2  But everything else is good.  124.5879697 = 124.59, 10000 = 10,000, and 10586.357 = 10,586.36  The issue is the final output is going to display as money, so displaying 10000 as $10,000 is fine.  But displaying 1.2 as $1.2 looks a little off.  To get around this I tried to add the following modification:   var formatNumber = function(num) {    return parseFloat((Math.round(num*100)/100)).toFixed(2).toLocaleString(); };   This carries everything out to two decimal places, which is fine, but it seems to have de-activated toLocaleString because now nothing displays commas.    I'm looking to use pure Javascript with this and not jQuery.  It seems there are a lot of js questions on this topic about one or the other issue, but not combining both.  Thank you.


Jquery click does not work for dynamicly generated id

I have a textbox where if you enter and click the button, it will generate a checkbox with a "delete text".  I wonder why my click function does not work, it does not do any thing at all. smtg like this:  $( "#addMemberEmail" ).click(function() {     if(jQuery.trim($('#mListMemberEmail').val()).length > 0) {         var checkboxId = "checkbox_" + $('#mListMemberEmail').val();          var checkbox = '
<input type="checkbox" id="' +                           checkboxId + '" value="' + $('#mListMemberEmail').val() +                           '" checked/>	' + $('#mListMemberEmail').val() +                           '
delete

';         $('#group').append(checkbox);          //reset textbox         $('#mListMemberEmail').val('');     } else {         alert("Please enter an email address");     } });  //why this is does not work? $( ".btndel" ).click(function() {       alert("Aaa"); });   I create the jsfiddle here:    It would be great if you could also show me for the delete function. It's supposed to be if you click the delete button, it remove the checkbox depend on which delete button is clicked.


How to copy a HyperText link into clipboard with JavaScript and preserve its link properties

I've been wondering how to copy a link with its HREF and text, for example we have an  tag like this:  Quick Access to the website   So basically I perfectly know how to copy something into the clipboard, my current work around consists in creating an invisible and small textarea where I put the text what I want to copy, then I select with js all the text inside the textarea and exec the copy command like this:  document.execCommand('copy');   Alright so I am able to copy raw text without issues, I can copy a link into my clipboard but once I paste it the link is just text and not an active link which can be clicked to go to its destination.  I know why is this happening, once I put the link into the textarea then it is not a link anymore but I don't know any other way to do this without breaking the link.  So, Once I copy the link I don't need to modify it with js or change the href or whatever, once I copy the link I want to paste it in a different page where I have no control over and I want my link to still be a link and not a simple text.  Any help would be appreciated. Due the project I'm working on I cannot relay on libraries for doing this I need some kind of native js workaround     This post is different to the post of How do I copy to the clipboard in JavaScript? I already know how to do that. What I want to know is how is posible to copy a link without losing it's link properties.


Flag count at the top toolbar is significantly higher than what I actually see in the 10k tools page

I've noticed that all the close flags were moved to the close queue. Well done! It's a huge step forward!  But now I've noticed something weird. The flag count at the top toolbar is inconsistent with the number of flags I can actually see (significantly).  For example,  But   Does this qualify as a bug? I mean, I bet some of those attributes to comment flags, but a full 200 flags? Which I can't even handle? I don't think that's right.


What are the other versions of earth in the Marvel universe/multiverse?

Under the  tag I have seen many questions on earth-616. Are there any other versions of earth as well? How do they differ from each other?


I am a very beginner of unix, and working on putty shell environment.  I know standard input, output, and error are streams and related to file descriptors, but I did not understand clearly what /dev/stdin does.   What is '/dev/stdin/ and how to use? Is it a special (block or character) file of a device?


As I've discovered with Ajax in jQuery, loaded elements are not jQuery objects. What's the best way to 'rescan' the document to make elements loaded with Ajax jQuery objects?  In the code below jq('.storyBlock button').click(function() and the other functions do not fire on the loaded Ajax html. How best to change this code so they will fire?  var jq = jQuery.noConflict();  jq(document).ready(function() {     // Disable buttons after clicking     jq('.storyBlock button').click(function() {         jq(this).addClass('selected');         jq(this).parent().addClass('disabled');         jq(this).parent().find('button').attr('disabled', true);     });     // Event Handler     jq('.storyBlock button').click(function() {         // Find link         var getID = jq(this).data('link');         console.log(getID + '.html');          // Load file and insert after last story         jq.ajax(getID + '.html').done(function(html) {         jq('#stories > div:last-child').after(html);         if ( (getID) != 'start' ) {             jq('html,body').animate({ scrollTop: jq('#' + getID).offset().top },'slow');         } else {             jq('.storyBlock').remove();             jq('#stories > div' ).load( "start.html" );             jq('html,body').animate({ scrollTop: jq('#start').offset().top },'slow');         }        });     }); });


Is strict cardinality ordering preserved by power sets?

Let $A$ and $B$ be sets. Suppose that $\#A<\#B$. That is, $B$ has strictly greater cardinality than $A$.     Is it necessarily true that $\#(2^A)<\#(2^B)$? In particular, is this question decidable in ZFC without the (generalized) continuum hypothesis?   , but this seems to be a different question (though I'm not 100% certain). It is also true (in ZFC) that $\#A<\#B$ implies $\#(2^A)\leq\#(2^B)$. The question is whether the “weak inequality” can be strengthened.


I've asked a question and after some edits I fatally and inadvertently changed it to community wiki. Is it possible, using rollback, to return to the point where community wiki flag is not set?


How   $\frac{1}{n}\sum_{i=1}^n X_i^2 - \bar X^2 = \frac{\sum_{i=1}^n (X_i - \bar X)^2}{n}$   i have tried to do that by the following procedure:  $\frac{1}{n}\sum_{i=1}^n X_i^2 - \bar X^2$  =$\frac{1}{n}(\sum_{i=1}^n X_i^2 - n\bar X^2)$  =$\frac{1}{n}(\sum_{i=1}^n X_i^2 - \sum_{i=1}^n\bar X^2)$  =$\frac{1}{n} \sum_{i=1}^n (X_i^2 - \bar X^2)$  Then i have stumbled.


Microsoft Windows license - using Windows Upgrade License for downgrade

At the moment I'm using an old laptop that previously had Windows Vista OEM. I upgraded it to Win7HP using Upgrade Box bought at local retailer.  Now I want to buy myself a new laptop, but the one I chose has Win8 preinstalled. Since I'm going to format the old computer and install linux on it, will I be able to use the Win7 upgrade box license on the new computer as a downgrade option? I don't really like the new Windows and would like to use Win7...


youtube-dl installed, but not found in dash or applications

I have installed youtube-dl(program for downloading videos from youtube) successfully but I am not able to see it either in dash or among application folder. It is listed in software centre and synaptic packet manager. somebody suggest a way out..thanks in advance


T SQL Table Valued Function to Split a Column on commas

I wrote a Table Valued Function in Microsoft SQL Server 2008 to take a comma delimited column in a database to spit out separate rows for each value.  Ex: "one,two,three,four" would return a new table with only one column containing the following values:  one two three four   Does this code look error prone to you guys? When I test it with   SELECT * FROM utvf_Split('one,two,three,four',',')    it just runs forever and never returns anything. This is getting really disheartening especially since there are no built in split functions on MSSQL server (WHY WHY WHY?!) and all the similar functions I've found on the web are absolute trash or simply irrelevant to what I'm trying to do.  Here is the function:  USE *myDBname* GO SET ANSI_NULLS ON GO SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON GO ALTER FUNCTION [dbo].[utvf_SPlit] (@String VARCHAR(MAX), @delimiter CHAR)  RETURNS @SplitValues TABLE (     Asset_ID VARCHAR(MAX) NOT NULL )  AS BEGIN             DECLARE @FoundIndex INT             DECLARE @ReturnValue VARCHAR(MAX)              SET @FoundIndex = CHARINDEX(@delimiter, @String)              WHILE (@FoundIndex <> 0)             BEGIN                   DECLARE @NextFoundIndex INT                   SET @NextFoundIndex = CHARINDEX(@delimiter, @String, @FoundIndex+1)                   SET @ReturnValue = SUBSTRING(@String, @FoundIndex,@NextFoundIndex-@FoundIndex)                   SET @FoundIndex = CHARINDEX(@delimiter, @String)                   INSERT @SplitValues (Asset_ID) VALUES (@ReturnValue)             END              RETURN END


Why we expect a black hole to have an emissivity of 1?

Just wondering: why we expect a black hole to have an emissivity of 1? Can anyone give some ideas?


I am trying to create a bipartite graph using tikz, however, it doesn't seem to recognize the keys fsnode and ssnode on my Windows MiKTeK installation (works fine in Ubuntu).   Line:  \foreach \i in {$a$,$b$,$c$,$A$,$B$}   \node[fsnode,on chain] (f\i) [label=left: \i] {};   Error: ! Package pgfkeys Error: I do not know the key '/tikz/ssnode' and I am going toignore it. Perhaps you misspelled it.See the pgfkeys package documentation for explanation.Type H  for immediate help.... }


Sequential definition of differentiation

Let $f$ be a function continuous and derivable at $x $. Let ${u_n}$ and $v_n$ be two sequence such that   ${u_n}\leq x \leq {v_n}$. Show that $ |u_n - v_n |$ tends to zero implies  $$\frac{f(u_n)-f(v_n)}{u_n-v_n}=f'(x)$$   What I have tried is $ |u_n - v_n |$ tends to zero implies $ {v_n} ,  {u_n} $ converges  to $x$ since $f$ being continuous at $x$. We can use sequential criterion. From that how can we conclude that $$\frac{f(u_n)-f(v_n)}{u_n-v_n}=f'(x)$$


How to retain HTML5 Attributes on Markup

I have a page with certain html markup and element attributes as shown in the snippit below:
  When I edit the page as a user with the WP Administrator Role the
 remains intact upon page update. Perfect.  Yet when a user with WP Editor Role edits the page, the ul tag saves as follows:
  Notice the data-accordion attribute is removed.  How can I get WordPress to retain markup tag attributes for users with the Editor role?


Today, I typed augur.stackexchange.com wrongly and landed in a 404 page. However, the logo is weird and misaligned. I tried a few more times with a different url name and the result is the same.   OS: macOS High Sierra, browser: Chrome, Safari  OS: iOS, browser: Safari  OS: Windows 10, browser: Chrome, Firefox, Edge


How to export PNG image sequence as GIF with transparency?

I’m trying to export an animated logo for my website.  I have the PNG image sequence with alpha channel ready to go. I can’t find a way to export or turn my image sequence into a GIF sequence (with transparency).  John


Evaluation of $\sum_{x=0}^\infty e^{-x^2}$

Most of us are aware of the classic Gaussian Integral   $$\int_0^\infty e^{-x^2}\, dx=\frac{\sqrt{\pi}}{2}$$  I would be interested in evaluating the similar sum  $$\sum_{x=0}^\infty e^{-x^2}$$  Now, because $\exp(-\lfloor x \rfloor^2) \ge \exp(-x)$, we find   $$\sum_{x=0}^\infty e^{-x^2}= \int_0^\infty e^{-\lfloor x \rfloor^2}\, dx \ge \int_0^\infty e^{-x^2}\, dx=\frac{\sqrt{\pi}}{2}$$  Does a closed form for this sum exist?  If so, what would it be?  I would be very interested in how a closed form would be found for this function.


How can GameStop be short 140% of float?

"Short positions currently make up an impossible 140% of GameStop’s float, which is the result of a flaw in how short interest is calculated, a flaw that’s getting greatly magnified in the case of GameStop, ." Where is the additional 40% coming from? Outstanding - restricted = float = max can borrow [Am I misunderstanding something here?] Update: So I got some validation from someone credible, I want to give special thanks to Dan Caplinger, the writer of  The following is the email conversation:  During my research I also learnt that there are ways to prevent your long positions from being borrowed 1) you do not agree to it when signing up with the brokers 2) set up impossible GTC orders (but you should still confirm these conditions with your actual brokers)


We know that $e^{\pi i} = -1$ because of de Moivre's formula. ($e^{\pi i} = \cos \pi + i\sin \pi = -1).$  Suppose we square both sides and get $e^{2\pi i} = 1$(which you also get from de Moivre's formula), then shouldn't $2\pi i=0$? What am I missing here?


Out of Date Vine Leaves - are they safe to eat?

I bought vacuum packed vine leaves quite some time ago. Stupidly didn't get round to using them so they are still in the fridge. They are well passed their sell by date of March 2011. Should I just bin them or do you think they are still fine to use? I think they look okay...  Thanks very much for your help!  Kate


I'm sorry for my naivety!  What is 'now'?  How is it different from 'now' that was dt ago, or the 'now' that is dt in the future?  That is, what quality might the 'now' possess which the set of all other points does not?  If a point in space-time, then why is it that 'now' appears to a conscious mind to have the special quality of carrying the intense and unfolding moment of causality?  Is 'now' a special case of the set of all points in space-time to consciousness?  Is 'now' the moment of collapse of the wave function?  The moment of 'observation' or information passage?  Is it that 'now' can be described by different models (SR, QM, thermodynamics) and that I'm seeking the satisfaction of a anthropic 'now'; really a false question?   Perhaps, I should admit the frame of the question and ask: what is it that, for a human being, gives the experience of life which is only ever contained in the fizzling 'nowness' of a point (or is it the (dt,dx,dy,dz)) in space-time?  Why does it appear to move, causally tracing a world line?


Let $f(z)$ be an analytic function defined on the unit disk $\mathbb{D} = \{z : |z| < 1\}$ so that $f(0)=0$ and $−1<Re\{f(z)\}<1$ for all $z \in \mathbb{D}$. Prove that $|Im\{f(z)\}|≤ $$\frac{2}{\pi} \log \frac{1+|z|}{1 - |z|},$ $z \in \mathbb{D}$.  I want to use the fact that $Imf$ and $Ref$ satisfy maximum modulus principle (strong version.  But not sure if that is useful or not.  Would love some help.  Thanks


Is it possible to produce gravitational waves artificially?

Why don't they make a ball with irregularities, say the size of a tennis ball, then spin it very rapidly, so it would produce gravitational waves like a spinning star with irregularities on it? Is that not possible with our current technology?  Also since gravitational waves can cause time dilation, wouldn't we be able to make some sort of a time machine with that concept?


Does standing up after being knocked prone use half your current or maximum speed

I'm DMing a campaign and one of my players is a monk with 40ft of movement. He got hit by a slow spell reducing his speed to 20ft and was knocked prone. To get up would he have to use his full 20ft as its half his max speed or only 10ft as that's half his current speed?


Contacting Facebook can prove to be challenge for some, are there any emails or phone numbers that are active for Facebook?  I know that some of the email addresses come from replies to Facebook others from Support forms.  The rest of the list I think will be made up of Facebook employee usernames e.g. zuck@fb.com  Is there a list out there that contains this?  So far I have found


How to know if a time series is stationary or non-stationary?

I am using R, I searched on Google and learnt that kpss.test(), PP.test(), and adf.test() are used to know about stationarity of time series.  But I am not a statistician, who can interpret their results  > PP.test(x)       Phillips-Perron Unit Root Test data:  x  Dickey-Fuller = -30.649, Truncation lag parameter = 7, p-value = 0.01  > kpss.test(b$V1)    KPSS Test for Level Stationarity   data:  b$V1    KPSS Level = 0.0333, Truncation lag parameter = 3, p-value = 0.1  Warning message: In kpss.test(b$V1) : p-value greater than printed p-value > adf.test(x)      Augmented Dickey-Fuller Test  data:  x  Dickey-Fuller = -9.6825, Lag order = 9, p-value = 0.01 alternative hypothesis: stationary  Warning message: In adf.test(x) : p-value smaller than printed p-value   I am dealing with thousands of time series, kindly me tell how to check quantitatively about stationarity of time series.


Clip, but add arrowheads to end of clipped curve

I have the following code:  \documentclass{article} \usepackage{tikz}  \begin{document}  \begin{tikzpicture} \clip (-5,-5) rectangle (5,5); \draw[help lines] (-5,-5) grid (5,5); \draw[->] (-5,0) -- (5,0) node[right] {$x$};  \draw[->] (0,-5) -- (0,5) node[above] {$y$};  \draw[<->,domain=-5:5,smooth,variable=\t]     plot (\t, {pow(\t,2)}); \end{tikzpicture}   \end{document}   Is it possible to add arrowheads to the ends of the parabola after it has been clipped?


Point on parabola which is at shortest distance?

Find a point on parabola $y^2 =4x$ which is at shortest distance from $(1,0)$. Answer given is $(0,0)$  But I am getting imaginary values. How do i get $(0,0)$


Characteristic polynomial equals minimal polynomial iff $x, Mx, \ldots, M^{n-1} x$ are linearly independent

I have been trying to compile conditions for when characteristic polynomials equal minimal polynomials and I have found a result that I think is fairly standard but I have not been able to come up with a proof for.  Any references to a proof would be greatly appreciated.  Let $M\in M_n(\Bbb F)$ and let $c_M$ be the characteristic polynomial of $M$ and $p_M$ be the minimal polynomial of $M$.     How do we show that $p_M = c_M$ if and only if there exists a column vector $x$ such that $x, Mx, \ldots M^{n-1} x$ are linearly independent ?


Short story anthology, one story was about a warship being prepared and sent on a bombing run

I recall that, as a child, I purchased a science fiction anthology of short stories in British Home Stores (BHS) sometime in the mid 1980s. It had a reddish-orange cover with white writing and drawn pictures of aliens, space ships, etc. and I suspect it may have been specially made for BHS as well.  It was about an inch or so thick and must have contained 20-25 stories from various authors.  I never got around to reading most of the stories but one I recall reading was about a ship automatically being prepped and armed, taking off and bombing an enemy city. The conclusion was that all the people had been wiped out and the systems kept the war going automatically because there was nobody left to turn the machinery off.  I've been thinking about that book recently and resolved to find it (or the stories at least) and get around to finally reading it.


Does C# optimize the concatenation of string literals?

For instance, does the compiler know to translate  string s = "test " + "this " + "function";   to  string s = "test this function";   and thus avoid the performance hit with the string concatenation?


How do I find the value $(1+\tan1^\circ)(1+\tan2^\circ)(1+\tan3^\circ)\cdots(1+\tan45^\circ)$

What is the strategy to solve for:  $$(1+\tan1^\circ)(1+\tan2^\circ)(1+\tan3^\circ)\cdots(1+\tan45^\circ)$$  I don't know where to start. Thanks.


How can I sort the name of student on the basis of their marks?

How can I sort the name of student on basis of their marks? The marks of student is provided. Can I use Collection class in java for the sorting? Should I import something?  import java.util.*;  class ShortRecord {     public static void main(String args[]) {        // Create a hash map       HashMap hm = new HashMap();       // Put elements to the map       hm.put("Zara", new Double(3434.34));       hm.put("Mahnaz", new Double(123.22));       hm.put("Ayan", new Double(1378.00));       hm.put("Daisy", new Double(99.22));       hm.put("Qadir", new Double(-19.08));        // Get a set of the entries       Set set = hm.entrySet();       // Get an iterator       Iterator i = set.iterator();       // Display elements       while (i.hasNext()) {          System.out.print(me.getKey() + ": ");          System.out.println(me.getValue());       }     } }


(This is a fresh install of Ubuntu UEFI (gpt) 17.04 64bit)  If there is a way to install the AMDGPU PRO driver? I would like to know how to proceed.   AMDGPU-PRO   from their website running:  dpkg -l amdgpu-pro   gives me:  dpkg-query: no packages found matching amdgpu-pro


How to toggle visibilty of Subsurf modifier using shortcut?

When you're modeling with a low res polygon and smoothing it with a Subdivision surface modifier, is there a way to toggle on/off the modifier's visibility using hotkeys instead of having to click on the "eye" icon ?


There are 10 stations on a circular path. A train has to stop at 4 stations such that no two stations are adjacent. How many such selections are there??   Since i know if the stations are on the linear path then there would be 35 number of ways of selection, but what would be if it is on the circular path??


What tense should I use after the conjunction 'lest'? Must it always be an infinitive?

eg. 1 I have to be sharp and clever lest I go hungry? (infinitive)  eg. 2 John and his friends feared lest the inquiry promised into the extent of the hated forest areas would be carried out too rigorously? (past tense?).  Are both examples acceptable? I've read somewhere that the clause after 'lest' is usually in subjunctive mood and therefore the tense should be an infinitive? Are there other possibilities?  Thank you very much!


Expressing the automorphism group of a cyclic group as a direct sum of cyclic groups

Let's say $\mathbb{Z}_n$ is the cyclic group. and I know that $Aut(\mathbb{Z}_n)\cong\mathbb{Z}_n^{\times}$, the multiplicative group of $\mathbb{Z}_n$. so the question is, is there a way to express $\mathbb{Z}_n^{\times}$ as a direct sum of cyclic groups?  I just thought that since the order of $\mathbb{Z}_n^{\times}$ is $\phi(n)$, and since it is abelian, maybe I should use the divisors of $\phi(n)=d_1^{s_1}...d_k^{s_k}$ like $\mathbb{Z}_{d_1^{s_1}}\oplus...\oplus\mathbb{Z}_{d_k^{s_k}}$, but I realized that there are too many non-isomorphic abelian groups with same order: for example, $\mathbb{Z}_4$ and $\mathbb{Z}_2\oplus\mathbb{Z}_2$ are both abelian and of order $4$ but they are not isomorphic.  so, yes, I guess there is a way since it is abelian, but I don't know how to do it specifically. can you give me a hint?


SF novel about one-way scientific expedition to inhabited planet, where telepathic aliens "talk" sort of ++like this++ and ~*~this~*~

I'm looking for a novel I read in the mid-to-late 1990s. It was a science fiction novel about an expedition of scientists sent at sub-light-speed (maybe in cryo-sleep?) to investigate a star system. Once there they set up a permanent scientific outpost.  There was at least one inhabited planet in the system, with a sentient species that communicated telepathically. The aliens' speech was represented with various symbols instead of quotation marks, with each named character having (I think) its own characteristic set of symbols, as in the title of the question. The scientists are eventually able to communicate with these (generally friendly) aliens.  The thing I remember most clearly is the end of the book. This was a one-way trip for the scientists, so gradually they all die off from various causes. When the next-to-last member of the crew dies of old age, the survivor is looking for an epigraph for her funeral, and (ironically, considering my current plight) can't find it in his search of the electronic library. He finally discovers it under "humor" because it's by Mark Twain: "Wherever she was, there was Eden." (This quote, of course, I found immediately in  and many other sources; it's from Eve's Diary.)  Other pieces of information I'm less sure of:   I don't think the planet was hospitable to humans; it may have been something like a gas giant, with the aliens "swimming" through the gas. I think the scientists stayed in an orbital space station, though they may have made expeditions to the planet in vehicles or protective suits. There may have been a "twin" planet, or a moon in an eccentric orbit, that caused periodic "flares" of some sort on the aliens' planet. There might have been some conflict between the crew early on, maybe because there was a non-scientific (military) commander, or perhaps just because people have conflict. I think the author was of sort of middling fame; respected and known by SF enthusiasts, but not a superstar like Asimov or Clarke. Almost certainly male, and probably with a professional science background. I think the science was fairly authentic, although the first-contact bit was obviously highly speculative.


accepting the return value into another variable

~$ cat ~/forked_sh.sh #/bin/sh echo THis_is_return sleep 2;   ~$ socket=wlan0 ~$ echo $socket wlan0 ~$ mystring_$socket=.`/forked_sh.sh` mystring_wlan0=THis_is_return: command not found   I was expecting that it will assign, but the bash running as whole as 1 string in place of $ a=sfkjsdf


I am trying to benchmark my hard disk and find the throughput in Mb/s and latency in milliseconds.  This is my code:  public class OneMB implements Timer { public static void main(String a[]) throws IOException {     OneMB oneMB = new OneMB();     oneMB.process();  } public void process() throws IOException{     RandomAccessFile randomAccessFile=null;     try{                     File file=new File("oneMByte.txt");         byte[] b=new byte[1024];         randomAccessFile=new RandomAccessFile(file, "rw");         randomAccessFile.setLength(1024*1024*10);         long endLatency=0;         int i=0;         long startWrite = this.getTimer();         randomAccessFile.writeBoolean(true);         endLatency=this.getTimer();                          for (i = 0; i < 1024*10*1024-1; i++) {             randomAccessFile.writeBoolean(true); //Writes a boolean to the file as a one-byte value.         }         long endWrite = this.getTimer();         randomAccessFile.seek(0);         randomAccessFile.readFully(b);         long endRead=this.getTimer();         double timeTaken=(endRead-startWrite)/1000000000.0;         double data=10.0;         double throughput=data/timeTaken;         double latency=(endLatency-startWrite)/1000000.0;//time for the reception of 1 byte         System.out.println(timeTaken);         System.out.println(data);         System.out.println("Throughput="+throughput+" Mb/s");         System.out.println("Latency="+latency+" ms");         randomAccessFile.close();         }         catch (Exception e) {             e.printStackTrace();             randomAccessFile.close();         } }  @Override public long getTimer() {     // TODO Auto-generated method stub     return System.nanoTime(); } }   I get the output as:  56.065550577 10.0 Throughput=0.17836264688538242 Mb/s Latency=0.057668 ms   I have a reasonably fast computer:   1 TB harddisk @ 5400 rpm Intel i7 with quad core @ 2.1 GHz 8 GB DDR3 RAM   Could someone tell me if the throughput would be that low or am I using a wrong approach?


Executable not searched in order of $PATH in bash

When I type in bash (Linux Mint 20) abc I get output same as typing /usr/bin/abc, different from /usr/local/bin/abc. I have done web search, have read , then , . Below what I tried to check and still no idea for the reason: which -a abc  /usr/local/bin/abc /usr/bin/abc  echo $PATH  /usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/snap/bin  alias abc  -bash: alias: abc: not found  echo $BASH_VERSION  5.0.16(1)-release  Anything else to try?


Why is the cross-product of two vectors perpendicular to that plane?

In my class I have learned that the cross-product of two vectors are perpendicular to those two vectors. Teacher says it has something to do with torque. If it is, then 'if we have to open a door it should be easy to open it by exerting force on top of the hinge', but we know it is not. Is there any scientific reasoning to this question, or is it a standard way of multiplying vectors?


Using one probability set to generate another

How can I generate a bigger probability set from a smaller probability set? This is from Algorithm Design Manual -Steven Skiena Q:     Use a random number generator (rng04) that generates numbers from {0,1,2,3,4} with equal probability to write a random number generator that generates numbers from 0 to 7 (rng07) with equal probability?   I tried for around 3 hours now, mostly based on summing two rng04 outputs. The problem is that in that case the probability of each value is different - 4 can come with 5/24 probability while 0 happening is 1/24. I tried some ways to mask it, but cannot.   Can somebody solve this?


I have decided to work with Substance B2M en use the texture maps in Blender. I want to work with the PBR shaders of Cynicat Pro and connect the Substance maps into the input nodes of the PBR Shaders. I especially want to know which texture maps of Substance (base, normal, height, specular, metallic, ...) are relevant for Blender and if they have the same meaning (like the specular and metallic map) and how to connect these maps to the input nodes.  I am mostly interested in the definitions of the texture maps in both packages and whether or not they match.  After reading the blog of Jason alias @Jtheninja, I set up a node group using the Metallic Shader of Cynical Pro and connect the Substance texture maps.     Would this make sense for a rusted metal?


What to do when your likelihood function has a double product with small values near zero - log transform doesn't work?

I currently have a likelihood function defined as the following:  $$  L=\prod_{i=1}^{N}\left[\prod_{s=1}^{S_i}L_{is}(y\space|\space \rho_A)\times\phi + \prod_{s=1}^{S_i}L_{is}(y\space|\space \rho_B)\times(1-\phi)\right] $$  Here, $y$ is an observation, $\rho_A$ and $\rho_B$ are defined to be a vector set of parameters, and $\phi$ is just a variable.   What makes this likelihood different than the usual likelihoods I have seen is that not only are there are $N$ observations, but each observation has sub-values up to $S_i$, for $i=1,...,N$.   My problem right now is that the $L_{is}(y\space|\space \rho_A)$ are small to begin with, with some values around $0.000000001$ or even $0$. Therefore, if I multiply many of these small values, I get an even smaller result that R or most other languages will just treat as zero. However, taking the logarithm of $L$ only converts the first product into a sum, which doesn't help at all.  I've also tried to take the exponential, and then the log of the product, but I still have values that go straight to zero. Would anyone know of a prudent transformation to use? I have tried to use the log-transform method where I find the maximum, then re-scale, as in here: . However, it appears that this would work for likelihood's with denominator's of zero. Thanks!


I was trying to make a pipe with rounded cap or ends. Something like in the image, where I just added to spheres as "ends".     I've already surfed the internet a little and it looks like an uncovered issue, as simple as it seems.  I need to do this because I want to animate it later, like some type of growing body of water.  So, the method I'm trying out now is using a Bezier curve and applying some bevel, because of the "start bevel factor" and "end bevel factor" parameters which can modify the length of the pipe from its start or its end. Very handy.  What I've tried later, was to select a sphere for the bevel object, so it would return a pipe with rounded caps... but it was impossible.  So I'm totally open to new approaches, if you have any ideas!


I have toggle the front view and other sides but i cant see any of my imports pictures in the background.


If $a \equiv b \mod m$, $a \equiv b \mod n$, and $\gcd(m,n)=1$, then $a \equiv b \mod mn$. So I know that $mk=a-b$ and $nj=a-b$ for some $k,j \in \mathbb{Z}$ and that $\gcd(m,n)=1$ can be represented as $mx+ny=1$ for some $x,y \in \mathbb{Z}$. I know to prove this I must end with an equation looking like this: $(mn)f=a-b$ for some $f \in \mathbb{Z}$. I'm just not connecting something in the middle. Any help is appreciated.


According to Phillips' "Introduction to Quantum Mechanics", Chapter 4 "an eigenfunction of the Hamiltonian always describes a state of definite energy". But how can that be without violating the uncertainty principle? Energy and time are conjugate so neither can be zero and give $h/4\pi$. The reason for solving the eigenvalue problem is that it gives definite energy, i.e. no uncertainty. Why is that a good thing?


How do i sort a list after the first char in c#

List<String> stores = new List<String>();  foreach (XmlNode storeXml in storesXml) { stores.Add(storeXml.InnerText);   can have string id of for e.g.  s1, s5, s3, s27 }  result.Sort();  Console.WriteLine(stores);    how do i sort the list so that the list is      sorted like {s1, s3, s5, s27}


Java declaring an array. What is the difference?

What is the difference between this two declaration in java?  public int hashes[];  public int[] hashes;


Is it possible to apply the law of the iterated logarithm (e.g. ) to derive non-trivial (i.e. bounded) 100% confidence intervals for population averages?  An abstract () gives at least such hint. However, its first reference by Robbins () does not seem to cover such result, as pointed out in @whuber's comment.  Edit: After justified comments by @whuber, I reformulated the question.


I am a Philippine passport holder travelling to US via Haneda. I only have a 3-hour layover in Haneda. From Manila I will be taking PH Airlines and from Haneda to US I will be taking AA (American Airlines).   Do I need a transit visa at Haneda airport?


How do I compare dates in between in Java?   Example:  date1 is 22-02-2010  date2 is 07-04-2010 today   date3 is 25-12-2010  date3 is always greater than date1 and date2 is always today. How do I verify if today's date is in between date1 and date 3?


I'm using Ubuntu 14.04 and the last released library 1.0.0. I'm a beginner. First I can't install freeglut3-dev. I tried to solve it from the other question  but it doesn't work. Please don't mark it duplicated. This error appears with 2 dependencies. I INSTALL them but doesn't work. some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable distribution that some required packages have not yet been created or been moved out of Incoming. The following information may help to resolve the situation:  The following packages have unmet dependencies:  unity-control-center : Depends: libcheese-gtk23 (>= 3.4.0) but it is not going to be installed                         Depends: libcheese7 (>= 3.0.1) but it is not going to be installed E: Error, pkgProblemResolver::Resolve generated breaks, this may be caused by held packages.  Second (I think the cause of the second one is the first one: When I tried to install the ompl library, the cmake compile step after writing make it  comes with this error: [ 92%] Building CXX object src/omplapp/CMakeFiles/ompl_app.dir/graphics/detail/assimpGUtil.cpp.o /home/obuntu/omplapp/src/omplapp/graphics/detail/assimpGUtil.cpp:18:19: fatal error: GL/gl.h: No such file or directory  #include <GL/gl.h>                    ^ compilation terminated. make[2]: *** [src/omplapp/CMakeFiles/ompl_app.dir/graphics/detail/assimpGUtil.cpp.o] Error 1 make[1]: *** [src/omplapp/CMakeFiles/ompl_app.dir/all] Error 2 make: *** [all] Error 2