What is the difference between the phrases below?

He dies.  ( On the TV screen I saw. "Mandela dies at 94 "  )  He died.  ( On another canal simultaneously it was written " Mandela died at 94. ")  She / he has died vs he died vs he dies  When they want to say someone just died they use all forms above in the first day of his or her death. It is confusing.


Restrict function parameter to allow specific values

I want to restrict the values that someone can assign to a variable in my function call. For e.g. say my function is  function myFunction ($carType, $isOld , $something) {     //do what is required }   I want that I should be able to restrict $carType, $isOld have only certain values, say from given arrays:  $carTypeValues = array ("car1", "car2", "car3"); $isOldValues = array (true,false);   I am aware that I can restrict the parameter variable to be of a certain class type.  I have tried to find a way to do this, but I am not able to find anything that addresses exactly what I want. I know I can check the value once I actually execute the function call, however I am looking for something that will allow the user to preferably be able to use selectors like:  myFunction (carType::car1, isOld::car2 , $something);   I am not sure, this maybe:  myFunction (carType.car1, isOld.car2 , $something);   Thanks for reading this


I made java Selection Sort using Comparable class, File scanner.  In this code, we get txt file's name and store all words in String[] list and show index and stored word.  Finally, we sort this String[] list using Selection Sorting and check how much time was spent. but there's some error code.  This is an AbstractSort class  abstract class AbstractSort {     public static void sort(Comparable[] a) { };      protected static boolean less(Comparable v, Comparable w )     {         return v.compareTo(w) < 0; // This Line is Error     }      protected static void exch(Comparable[] a, int i, int j)     {         Comparable t = a[i];         a[i] = a[j];         a[j] = t;     }      protected static void show(Comparable[] a)     {         for(int i = 0; i < a.length; i++)             System.out.println(a[i] + " ");         System.out.println();     }      protected static boolean isSorted(Comparable[] a)     {         for(int i = 1; i < a.length; i++)         {             if(less(a[i], a[i - 1])) // This Line is also Error                 return false;         }         return true;     } }   and this is a Selection Sort class which is extends AbstractSort class  class Selection extends AbstractSort {     public static void sort(Comparable[] a) {         int n = a.length;          for(int i = 0; i < n - 1; i++) {             int min = i;              for(int j = i + 1; j < n; j++) {                 if(less(a[j], a[min]))                     min = j;             }             exch(a, i, min);         }         assert isSorted(a);     }; }   and this is main function  public class HW1{     static String[] resize(int idx, String[] arr) {         String[] temp = new String[idx * 2];          for(int i = 0; i < idx; i++)             temp[i] = arr[i];          return temp;     }      public static void main(String args[]) {         int INIT_LEN = 10000;         long start, end, time;         String[] list = new String[INIT_LEN];         Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);         int idx = 0;          try {             System.out.println("File Name?");             String src = sc.nextLine();             sc = new Scanner(new FileInputStream(src));              while(sc.hasNext()) {                 String word = sc.next().toString();                  if(idx == list.length)                     list = resize(idx, list);                  list[idx++] = word;             }             System.out.println("1. Total Word = " + idx);             for(int i = 0; i < idx; i++)                 System.out.println(i + "idx:" + list[i]);              start = System.currentTimeMillis();             Selection.sort(list); // This Line is also Error                         end = System.currentTimeMillis();             time = end - start;             System.out.println("2. Selection Sorted? = true, Time = " + time + "ms");         }catch (FileNotFoundException fnfe) {             System.out.println("No File");         }catch (IOException ioe) {             System.out.println("Can't Read File");         }     } }   when I run this code, I can see all words are stored int String[] list but there's also error code together.  Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NullPointerException at AbstractSort.less(HW1.java:8) at Selection.sort(HW1.java:40) at HW1.main(HW1.java:84)   I don't know why this error code is occured...


Starting higher-level players in Hoard of the Dragon Queen

I'm a newbie GM running the 5e starter set adventure (Lost Mines). My players are progressing well through it, and are at 3rd level closing in on 4th level. Assuming they make it through the adventure (and get to 5th level) the intended plan is to start on Hoard of the Dragon Queen.   But HotDQ is a level 1-7 adventure, with the adventure starting with level 1 players. Some options that I've read about:   Have the players roll new characters (not preferred because they're quite invested in their current ones) adjust all the encounters to handle higher-level players (more work for me, and something I'm not very confident about doing properly) start the players somewhere in the middle (but then they lose the backstory of what's been happening.    What would people recommend ?


How to give a good guess to the recurrence relation problem

I have been trying to solve the following recurrence relation  $$T(n)=2T(\frac{n}{2}) + nlgn$$ by using substitution method.  I started to compute $T(1)$ ,$T(4)$,$T(8)$,$T(16)$ to guess a solution as below:  $$T(1)=1$$ $$T(2)=2+2lg2=4$$ $$T(4)=8+8lg2=16$$ $$T(8)=32+24lg2=56$$ $$T(16)=112+64lg2=176$$  My guess is that $T(n)$ should be something like $nlg^2n$ but I couldn't get a correct term.  Can anyone improve my guess?


Running Mojave 10.14.6. I'd like to alter my output volume upon shutdown, so that it when it starts it's always at the same volume (20%). This would make the "DAHHH!" sound more pleasant, but it's also so that app sounds present in a consistent and predictable way.  I couldn't understand how to run a script upon regular shutdown trigger (complicated) but I made an AppleScript to change volume and then shutdown, i.e. to replace the regular shutdown trigger:  set volume output volume 20 tell application "Finder" to shut down   I saved that as an app and it seemed to work great until I realised it was reopening upon login every time, thus shutting the machine down again! I booted in safe mode to clear the open apps and breathed a huge sigh of relief.  Does anyone have any suggestions on how to achieve my goal? I don't really want to disable the "dahhh!" because it's useful for troubleshooting. I'd like the regular app sounds to start at a consistent volume by default. I literally just want to "reset" the volume to 20% every time I turn off.  Thanks in advance for any ideas.


Ubuntu 20.04 hplip needs pyqt4, which is not available anymore

I know this has been asked before, but the solutions did not work for me. I have an HP OfficeJet Pro 8625, which worked fine under 18.04.  HPLIP does not install properly because of a dependency that is no longer available.  Specifically, it needs python3-pyqt4 which has been removed from the repositories.  Earlier questions suggested steps that do not work for this printer. I added hplip-gui and still no-go. I downloaded the install script from , and the install script will not complete. I did cd ~/Downloads/hplip-3.20.6, then ./configure --prefix=/usr --enable-qt5 --disable-qt-4, then make, then sudo make install. These all seemed to complete. But I still cannot use the printer.  I only run LTR's because it is such a pain to go thru this every 6 months. Even every 2 years is hard. My printer is not working. any ideas, other than reverting to 18.04 until this gets fixed?


Taking a user input as a string variable containing a wild card expression

I have written a bash script which does the following:   Ask user to input the path of the directory containing all CSVs. Run a C++ script that does takes each CSV and do some processing on it   echo "Enter the path where all the CSVs are stored" read varname    The problem is now when I do $varname and pass it to my C++ code, it's not getting interpreted as a string. Only the first value is being passed which makes sense but I am unable to figure out how to send the varname as a single string. For example, if I enter path_to_CSVs/*.csv, then I want to pass this value in this format "path_to_CSVs/*.csv"to my C++ program.  I am not an expert in bash scripting, so can someone please help?


Machine Learning with intended missing values

I have a dataset relating to humans completing reviews, the target variable is whether the review decision is correct / incorrect and one of my features is a trailing 4 week accuracy score for the reviewer. These accuracy scores are not always available however. My question is around how to model this data - the fact that there is no available accuracy score might be a signal. From my research into this - everything I see tells me that the missing values must be imputed or removed. I am wondering whether there are techniques to incorporate the fact that the data is missing into the dataset. Perhaps I could convert the score into a categorical variable {low, medium, high, not available] - would this be common practice? I am open to suggestions and would love to hear what is commonly done in these scenarios


Can't preview smoke simulation on Blender 2.82

Whenever I add a Quick Smoke effect, I can't preview it on the viewport unless I bake it.   And Yes, I added the Smoke Domain on the object.   I've seen tutorials like this  and this  that clearly shows the possibility of previewing the smoke before baking it.   I'm using Blender on a Mac with AMD GPU. I would guess that this is something related to OpenGL, as thoroughly explained here -  but that's for Windows.   Does anyone have any idea how to fix this?


How to stop applications without focus from opening popup windows

Sometimes when one is using any app, almost at the moment when one is going to click or push key "enter", a window appears in a "pop-up style" related to another app (example : dialog of updates) and with all the momentum in the fingers, one finishes pushing "accept" over the popup window and not the planned app. Most cases are not critical, but they can consume some of time.  Is there some home-made or professional solution for this?


How can I replace a specific character in a string with another character?

I'm trying to replace a specific character in a string with a different character. I've tried doing the strchr method like other posts have suggested but I'm only getting a segfault.   char *str = "hello!\n";    char *ptr;   if((ptr = strchr(str, '\n')) != NULL) {     *ptr = '\0';   }


I'm trying to define "#1" as \text{#1} in math mode.  This worked:  \catcode`` = 13 \def``#1``{\text{#1}}   But if replace `` with ", it fails. I don't understand why. Is it possible to define " in this way ? And it possible to let this only work this way in math mode ?


A small bug in recent reputation changes -- since when 25+1 = 24?

I just visited Stack Overflow. Recent achievments change popup told me that I've got +24 reputation points. However, when I opened it up, it turned out, that I've got 25+1 = 26 points:    What am I missing? Is this a bug or by-design and I just don't get it?  EDIT: (copy of below comment, for clarification) If I'm not mistaken, score highlighted in the popup (24 in this case) should only indicate entires in achievements list, that were not yet noticed by me, that is -- those with non-white background (25 + 1 in this case). Correct me, if I'm wrong, but if I'm right, then there is a bug in calculation algorithm. I have two items, with recent changes, "unread" (not seen by me), which total amount of 26, while score popup informs me only about 24 points. This is the only thing, that I don't get here.


How to add line break to caption without using caption package

I wish to add a line break to a caption, but I would wish to avoid adding of caption package. Is it possible?  \documentclass{article} \usepackage[format=plain,  justification=raggedright,singlelinecheck=false]{caption} \begin{document} \begin{figure} \caption{This is the caption\\ This is the second line} \end{figure} \end{document}


Treating Categorical Data as nominal or ordinal?

There is a four category classification system for individuals with HIV, labeled Stages 1, 2, 3, and 4, with higher stages indicating more advanced disease. Cell count is a continuous variable, and you are interested in comparing mean cell count between those in different stages.  My question is how does the model change if I treat the stages as nominal or ordinal? I hope my representations below are correct. What test could I use to see if using an ordinal relationship is appropriate, or see if one model has a better fit? My first thought was to look at the $R^2$ value, but that seems too simple.   Nominal Model:  $E(Y)=b_0+b_1X_1+b_2X_2+b_3X_3$, with $X_1, X_2, X_3$ all being indicators for the different stages.  Stage 1 is the reference stage such that $E(Y)=b_0$ for stage 1, $E(Y)=b_0+b_1$ for stage 2, etc  Ordinal Model:  Do I basically treat the stages as a continuous variable?   $E(Y)=b_0+b_1X_1$, where $X_1$ consists of the stages:  stage 1=1, stage 2=2, etc.


Ubuntu Compatibilty ASUS UM462DA-AB71, Zenbook FLip 14 Ultra Slim Convertible

I'm thinking of getting the Asus Zenbook FLip 14 UM462DA-AB71 with Ryzen R7-3700U and I'd like to install Ubuntu or some other Linux on it. Did anybody try this yet and can tell me, if I have to expect issues? Thanks


class test { public:     static int n;     test () { n++; };     ~test () { n--; }; };  int test::n=0; //<----what is this step called? how can a class be declared as an integer?  int main () {     test a;     test b[5]; // I'm not sure what is going on here..is it an array?     test * c = new test;     cout << a.n << endl;     delete c;     cout << test::n << endl; }   secondly, the output is 7,6 I'm not understanding how did it get 7, from where?


Linear search for word in String array from text file

I am trying to figure out how to read a list of Strings in a text file and return the position of the word found. I'm not sure why this isn't working. Can someone tell me what I'm doing wrong? It returns -1 for each word and the words are definitely in there.   public class LinearSearch extends SearchAlgorithm { public int search(String[] words, String wordToFind) throws ItemNotFoundException {     for (int i = 0; i < words.length; i++) {         if (words[i] == wordToFind) {             return i;         }         else {             return -1;         }     }     return -1; }  public final static String FILE_AND_PATH = "longwords.txt"; /*   * TODO: Be sure to change the FILE_AND_PATH to point to your local   * copy of longwords.txt or a FileNotFoundException will result  */    //Note how we deal with Java's Catch-or-Declare rule here by declaring the exceptions we might throw public static void main(String[] args) throws FileNotFoundException {     File file = new File("/Users/myName/Desktop/compsci/HOMEWORK/recursion/longwords.txt");     Scanner input = new Scanner(file);     int wordCount = 0;     ArrayList<String> theWords = new ArrayList<String>();      //read in words, count them     while(input.hasNext())  {         theWords.add( input.next() );         wordCount++;     }      //make a standard array from an ArrayList     String[] wordsToSearch = new String[theWords.size()];     theWords.toArray(wordsToSearch);      //start with the linear searches     tryLinearSearch(wordsToSearch, "DISCIPLINES");     tryLinearSearch(wordsToSearch, "TRANSURANIUM");     tryLinearSearch(wordsToSearch, "HEURISTICALLY");     tryLinearSearch(wordsToSearch, "FOO");


As I understand black holes, they're considered "black" because the escape velocity is, or exceeds, the speed of light. Alternatively, the escaping light is redshifted infinitely.  The Schwarzschild radius of an object is the radius of a sphere with equivalent mass for which the escape velocity is c.  Logically, this effect would occur on a continuum and wouldn't simply be state-dependent. That is, if you add a differential amount of mass to an object repeatedly it will (eventually) gradually redshift out of visibility and become a black hole. It won't simply vanish when the appropriate mass has been collected.  This suggests to me that, somewhere, there exist objects with enough mass to be highly redshifted but not enough to be "black."   Would it be possible to identify such an object from associated effects, such as gravitational lensing, or, without closer inspection, could it simply be mistaken for an extremely hot brown dwarf? (Or option C, is there a reason this couldn't happen?)


How to enable verbose BSOD screen in Windows 10

In Windows 10 the Blue Screen of Death:    hides the parameters of the kernel panic:    Ideally you would tell the user to write them down, or take a picture:  (0xC0000005, 0x8A9A8020, 0x8B39AEC4, 0x8B39ABC0)   And then i'd know:   The exception code that was not handled: 0xc0000005 (STATUS_ACCESS_VIOLATION) The address where the exception occurred: 0x8A9A8020 The address of the exception record: 0x8B39AEC4 The address of the context record: 0x8B39ABC0   It's obviously more useful when its something like:   Indicates the cause of the failure: 4 (Unable to create GUID string from binary GUID.) NTSTATUS code: 0xA00A0007 (E_OUTOFMEMORY)   But regardless of my motivations, i would like to disable the friendly BSOD in favor of the informative one.  Bonus Reading   MSDN:


I am new to ML. I am trying to implement k-means which uses a BIC function that takes cluster and data points as arguments and returns BIC value. I need a function to find best k value that is maximise the BIC. Can anyone provide a code snippet for BIC function in python. I searched everywhere I couldn't find exact what I needed


Is it possible to change the margins in make title, so they match the margins of the document?  I have created the following modification to the \maketitle. I would like everything to align to at the same left margin.    \documentclass[a4paper]{article} %=============================================== % Title and author \makeatletter \def\@maketitle{%   \newpage   \vspace*{-\topskip}      % remove the initial space    \flushleft Incomplete draft. Please do not cite or quote without premission   \vskip 2em   {}   \begingroup\flushleft    % instead of \begin{center}   \let \footnote \thanks   \hrule height \z@        % to avoid the insertion of lineskip glue     {\LARGE \protect\textbf{\@title} \par}%     \vskip 1.5em     {\large       \lineskip .5em          \@author         \par}%     \vskip 1em     {\normalfont       Last updated on \@date}   \par\endgroup            % instead of \end{center}   \vskip 1.5em             % <--- modify this to adjust the separation } \makeatother %============================================== \title{Physician Information Acquisition In a Dynamic Setting} %\email{rud} \author{ \large {\Large Rud Faden} \\ \textit{\normalfont University of Copenhagen} \\ \textit{{\small \href{mailto:rudfaden@gmail.com}{rudfaden@gmail.com}}} } \date{\today} % no date \usepackage{hyperref} \begin{document} \maketitle \abstract{Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enimad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui ocia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.}    \section{First} Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum. \end{document}


Black screen with REGION_VIOLATION while trying to install Ubuntu dual boot

I'm trying to install Ubuntu 16.04 on a computer with Windows 7 already installed. I'm using a rufus USB pendrive, and freed up 100Gb on a 1TB hard drive to install it.  I managed to boot correctly and got the purple screen with an icon of a keyboard and a stick figure, then immediately it turns black and I get the following screen:    I tried pressing enter and I heard a sound effect, and then I could hear more sound effects while pressing the arrow keys, so I assume I'm navigating through some options I cannot see.


Uk visa got refused due to unexplained deposits. How to re-apply?

My husband, my 4-year-old son and I as a family applied for a Family Visit visa last month to visit my husband's sister in UK. For documents we submitted everything that was required (employee certificate of my husband, bank statement, pay slips invitation letter from the family in UK, and tickets booking). The reason for refusal was a large deposit highlighted by them in the statement, which was indemnity or service money of deceased father of my husband. We got this from his company because my husband is the only son of his, and legal guardian of his mother and two sisters.    They rejected because of lack of evidence of this amount which we didn't provide them also they think that we will not leave UK and are trying to get entry in the UK. Although we have every evidence regarding money deposit and we are leaving behind our dependants in Saudi Arabia who are my husband's mother and sister, so we have their valid residents permit too. We are deciding to re apply for the visa with this evidence and support documents.   How far it's going to be approved?     ⦁ THE DECISION      ⦁ I Have refused your application for visit visa because i am not   satisfied that you meet the requirements of paragraph V 4.2 of   appendix V: Immigration rules for visitor because:      ⦁ You proposed to travel to the UK for 45 days to visit your sister   and her family. You have provided UK sponsor letter confirming your   visit. In view of proposed close family visa i have therefore   considered your application very carefully taking into full   consideration the compassionate circumstances surrounding your   application. I am however required to also assess your own personal,   domestic and economic circumstances in determining whether you are a   general visitor travelling to UK solely for the period and purpose you   state.      ⦁ I have noticed that you never previously travelled to UK or any   other country with similiar immigration requirements,and you therefore   do not have history of travel and compliance to consider.      ⦁ As evidence of available funds, you have provided bank statements   from NCB and riyad bank dated 18/11/2014 to 17/05/2015. You claim you   are employed by ABC company and earning an average monthly salary of    2777 pounds. However I note that over this period there are salary   payments are seen in the bank statement submitted. Furthermore there   are large transfer and cash deposits which are six times your claimed   salary. you have not provided evidence towards the origin of these   recent deposits and in the absence of reasonable evidence. I am not   satisfied that these bank statements accurately reflect your personal   circumstances.      ⦁ I have there been unable to assess your economic circumstances in   KSA and as such i am not satisfied your income and circumstances are   as you claim and therefore i am not satisfied that you are travelling   to the uk for the period and purpose you state on this occasion.      ⦁ I have therefore refused your application because i am not   satisfied, on the balance of probabilities, that you meet all the   requirements of the relevant paragraph V4.2 (a) (c) of the United   Kingdom Immigration Rules.      ⦁ Your right of appeal is limited to the grounds referred to in   section 84(1)(c) of the nationality, Immigration and Asylum act 2002.


If I had a weightless, indestructible rod that was 1,145,915,590 meters long and I moved it 15° would the end of the rod go faster than the speed of light? (Assuming it's path is unobstructed.)  Calculations: $$arc length=2\pi R\left(\frac{C}{360}\right)$$ The angle is an arbitrary value which I chose to be 15° and the arc length is needed to be $3*10^8$ meters because I want it to move that in one second to exceed the speed of light. $$ 3*10^8=2\pi R\left(\frac{15}{360}\right)$$ $$R=1,145,915,590$$


Regarding the questions: What do you call those divisions of a book bigger than a paragraph but smaller than a chapter?  Is not such a division best known as a PARICOPE from the Greek PARIKOPE or "a cutting around" as in the selection of a passage from the Bible in religious services?


Setting max CPU clock rate while in Turboboost

I have a Lenovo T480 with an Intel i7-8650U, which has the notorious problem of dropping itself down to 400 MHz whenever it feels like it, due to power limits.  For example, even opening an application that uses the Nvidia GPU (before it even fully loads) causes the machine to throttle down and the fan to slow or stop.  Intel Extreme Tuning Utility shows power limiting.  Adjusting the power limits lower in XTU doesn't actually help anything.  Neither does limiting the CPU usage to as low as 25% in the Windows Power Settings.  (The CPU never goes above 25%, but it still clocks way up to 3.8 GHz.)  I have outright disabled using the Nvidia GPU and instead stick to the Intel graphics, which helps but doesn't totally resolve the problem.  This is a system power limit of some kind.  Naturally, I'd rather use my computer at a slower speed for longer, than suddenly landing at 400 MHz.  It takes minutes for the Windows start menu to appear when I'm throttled at 400 MHz.  While I can't disable TurboBoost with XTU, I found that I could disable it with ThrottleStop.  With TurboBoost disabled, my CPU never goes above 1.9 GHz.  It also never goes lower.  No power throttling!  I can use my computer all day.  The down side of this is that when I'm doing normal things with spikey loads like web browsing, it would be nice if I could let that CPU go a bit faster.  It doesn't need to go all the way to 3.8 GHz though.  Is there any way to limit the CPU clock speed while in TurboBoost?


Why bibliography does not work on overleaf.com?

I cannot get bibliography to work correctly on overleaf.com  Below a minimal case. The citation in the abstract instead of rendering as [1], renders as [bib:imdb], and I get an error in the log file: You have cited something which is not included in your bibliography  \documentclass[]{article} \usepackage{booktabs} \usepackage{biblatex}  \title{Title} \author{Author}  \begin{document}  \begin{abstract} Try citation \cite{bib:imdb} \end{abstract}  \begin{thebibliography}{9} \bibitem{bib:imdb} IMDB \end{thebibliography}  \end{document}


How does Http server distinguish between computers behind a router

HTTP servers usually operate at port 80. Yet NAT routers as most are these days assign port to outgoing requests so they would know when request is returned that which computer connected to it, it's suppose to be. They do it cause they can only use one public IP even though all computers behind router are given public IP address they are local IP address. Meaning they only work for everyone behind that router.   So how does server handles this. It only works at port 80, and router sends at whatever ports it wishes to do based on what is available and how it is programmed.   My understanding:   Computer A to router. 22.22.22.22.22:80 Router to World: 12.68.191.1.102:1 -ISP given IP address:Port to distinguish between computers connected to it.   Now what  Or maybe there is a difference between port and source port.


Transforming Differential Equation to a Kummer's Equation

I'm trying to transform an equation of the form $$ yw^{\prime\prime}(y) - [b - ay] w^\prime(y) - [d + ey]w(y) = 0 $$ into the form of a Kummer's or confluent hypergeometric differential equation: $$ y w^{\prime\prime}(y) + [f - y] w^\prime(y) + g w(y)  = 0 $$ I know it may have something to do with merging two of the singularities of the original equation, and maybe doing something with $y$, making it $\frac{y}{b}$ and taking b to infinity, but I don't know and can't find the details for this process, and for my equation specifically. There's not too much difference between the two but just enough so that I can't get it. Thanks in advance for any help!


How to replace the first value of this array with a new value

I am trying to overwrite [19] in my array, the first value every time. [19] will not always be the same as it populates off an ID that is passed into the array. I want to replace that first index with a new ID based on certain validation.  I've tried unsetting that value and replacing it but it creates a new entry (shown below).  <pre style='font-size:11px'> [------- var dumping... -------] arrcount: 2 Array (     [19] => Array         (             [quantity] => 1         )      [] => 50 ) </pre>   Rather than have a new entry in the array like [] => 50, I would like to replace [19] with [50] while keeping the quantity value the same. Keeping in mind that these numbers are not static, they are dynamic in the case that it is whatever Id is passed based of outside validation.


Iterating through a list of types and passing type as parameter

I have the following problem:  I want to iterate through a list of types and in the loop pass the type as a parameter to a generic function and somehow this doesn't work. I could just hardcode it if there really isn't any way to do it, but that obviously wouldn't be as "pretty" as using a loop.  Generic method:  public async Task GenericMethod<T>() where T : class {     // Does something ... }   List of types:  List<Type> listOfTypes = new List<Type>() { typeof(classA), typeof(classB) };   Iteration where the problem occures:  foreach(Type type in listOfTypes) {     await GenericMethod<type>(); }   Error message:      CS0118 'type' is a variable but is used like a type   And just FYI: This would work (hardcoded):   await GenericMethod<classA>();


How to change root password for mysql and phpmyadmin

I've set up mysql and phpmyadmin and chose not to set a password when installing hoping that once set up i could login with root and no password but i get the following error from phpmyadmin:  Login without a password is forbidden by configuration (see AllowNoPassword)   I have previously moved the phpmyadmin folder to /var/www/   I have tried changing the following line  $cfg['Servers'][$i]['AllowNoPassword'] = false;   to  $cfg['Servers'][$i]['AllowNoPassword'] = true;   but still had no success, so i am wondering is there a way i can change the root passwords for both so i can access phpmyadmin and create databases.


Can anyone make sense of this? ~$ sudo apt list --upgradable -a Listing... Done libodbc1/buster 2.3.7 amd64 [upgradable from: 2.3.7] libodbc1/now 2.3.7 amd64 [installed,upgradable to: 2.3.7] libodbc1/groovy 2.3.6-0.1build1 amd64  ~$ sudo apt full-upgrade Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree        Reading state information... Done Calculating upgrade... Done 0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.  I initially thought it was an error in the repository, but it's been like this for days. Here's some Ubuntu version info: ~$ lsb_release -a No LSB modules are available. Distributor ID: Ubuntu Description:    Ubuntu 20.10 Release:    20.10 Codename:   groovy


For a given fixed perimeter p, what will be the width of a Norman window in order to maximize its area?

A Norman window is a rectangle with a semicircle on top. For a given fixed perimeter p, what will be the width of the window in order to maximize its area?


How can I skip the Trash when deleting a file?

I frequently connect different external USB hard drives and flash drives to my computer and I would like to facilitate deleting files and regaining disk space from them.  If I simply delete the file, it will be kept in a hidden trash folder on the external drive until I empty the Trash. This also forces me to empty my local trash simultaneously while the external disk is still connected to regain the disk space, which is undesirable.  At the moment, the only other "solution" I've found is moving the file to the internal hard drive and then trash it. This is not optimal because I waste time moving files from one drive to another (I regularly deal with 20GB+ VMs).  How can I permanently delete a file from an external drive, bypassing the trash?


Prove $n^2(n^4-1)$ is divisible by 60 using Mathematical Induction.

Base step:  p(2)=4 * 15= 60  Inductive Hypothesis: Assuming p(k) = $k^2(k^4-1)$ = 60q  Induction:  p(k+1)= $(k+1)^2[(k+1)^4-1]$       = $(k+1)^2[(k+1)^2 + 1][(k+1)^2 - 1]$       = $(k+1)^2(k^2+2k+2)(k^2+2k+1- 1)$       = $(k+1)^2(k^2+2k+2) k (k+2)$       = $k(k+1)(k+2)(k^2+2k+2)(k+1)$  Now $k(k+1)(k+2)$ is the product of 3 consecutive natural numbers. Their product HAS to be a multiple of 2 and 3 and hence also a multiple of 6. So all that I have to do is prove that $(k^2+2k+2)(k+1)$ is a multiple of 10. But I can't seem to do so. Also through my induction, I have not at all made use of my hypothesis! How do I go about solving this question through the Principle of Mathematical Induction?


I cd to my '~' directory, then I made a bash_profile with nano ~/.bash_profile with an alias alias test = 'mkdir test' then when i type source ~/.bash_profile it says   -bash: alias: mk: not found  -bash: alias: =: not found  -bash: alias: mkdir test: not found`   Why is that?


can anyone help with interpreting these multiple linear model assumptions? (r)

i ran some assumptions checks for my multiple linear regression model, but i am having trouble with interpreting the different graphs. i was wondering if anyone could offer some guidance on what they mean? i'm pretty sure some of them are violated...


Does the Eyebite Spell Work Through a Wall of Force?

Does the  spell work through a ? Or is it blocked by Full Cover, even if the target can be seen?  This question is similar , but contrarily to Gaze effects the spell Eyebite obeys the following rule regarding spell casting:     To target something, you must have a clear path to it, so it can’t be behind total cover.


How to deal with characters picking up and dropping objects in a 2D game

I'm quite new to game development, so would like to get a consensus on methods of doing this.    My game features a 2D character that is able to pick up and drop objects, for example, a stick.  My question is: is it advisable / possible to manipulate the image of the character and image of the stick to make it look like the character is now carrying a stick; or is it best to have a separate sprite sheet for the character with the stick and the character without?  EDIT:  To be clear - I have a lot of characters, with a few items (4 separate items and over 20 characters)


Why does Type I error of a test occur? Is NHST too weak to tell the truth?

I know Type I error is a Stat 101 question. Recently I have noticed that Type I error of a test is too much persistent. Even if all the values are almost equal (variance is extremely low) and tested to that value (true mean), still there is nearly 5% Type I error of the test. I am frightened and curious to rethink, are the people who have banned (or skeptic about) NHST (null hypothesis significance testing) truly correct? Let's have a look:       n=10000 t1err=0 set.seed(1235) for (i in 1:n){    x=rnorm(100, 10, 20)    if (((t.test(x, mu=10))$p.value)<=0.05) (t1err=t1err+1)  } cat("Type I error rate in percentage is", (t1err/n)*100,"%")   It will produce roughly 5% as Type I error. Seems ok. But let's see this:      n=10000   t1err=0   set.seed(1235)   for (i in 1:n){      x=rnorm(100, 10, 0.000001)      if (((t.test(x, mu=10))$p.value)<=0.05) (t1err=t1err+1)    }   cat("Type I error rate in percentage is", (t1err/n)*100,"%")   Each values are extremely close to 10. Still it produces about 5% Type I error. What conclusion we may draw from it? Or, am I missing something?


Adding field in vector layer from attribute table in QGIS?

I have an Attribute Table named 'data.shp' and a Vector Layer 'pop.shp'.  The 'data.shp' has the following fields "ID", "value1", "value2"  The 'pop.shp' has the "ID" field (same with the 'data.shp')  I want to update 'pop.shp' and add the fields "value1", "value2" from 'data.shp' where "ID" (from 'data.shp') is equal to "ID" (from 'pop.shp').  How could I do that in QGIS?


For $f$ continuous, show $\lim_{n\to\infty} n\int_0^1 f(x)x^n\,dx = f(1).$

Suppose $f:[0,1]\to \mathbb{R}$ is continuous. Show that   $$\lim_{n\to\infty} n\int_0^1 f(x)x^n\,dx = f(1).$$  My answer so far: First I want to assume that $f\in C^1$. Then   $$n\int_0^1f(x)x^n\,dx = \left[\frac{n}{n+1}x^{n+1}f(x)\right]_0^1 - \frac{n}{n+1}\int_0^1 x^{n+1}f'(x)\, dx\\ \frac{n}{n+1}f(1) - \frac{n}{n+1}\int_0^1 x^{n+1}f'(x)\, dx,$$  which goes to $f(1)$ because the last integral goes to zero.  But approximating $f$ by $\phi\in C^1$ won't necessarily work, because $\phi(1)$ may not equal $f(1)$... how can we finish the argument?


Make clear in the logon screen you can log in with your SE account

don't really understand how to log on with your SE account in the new logon screen.  And although it might be obvious to most of us, some people find the new dialog hard to understand.        Can we add a logo and some text to make clear users can log on with their SE account? Something like:     [SE LOGO] Log on using your StackExchange account   Followed by the two boxes for email and password.


How is sudo interrupted in xterm on Ctrl-C?

Please explain in detail (including tty related stuff) how is a sudo foreground process on a X terminal emulator actually killed on the Ctrl-C.  See the following example please:  $ sudo -u test_no_pw sleep 999 &                                     [1] 16657                   $ ps -o comm,pid,ppid,ruid,rgid,euid,egid,suid,sgid,sid,pgid -t COMMAND           PID  PPID  RUID  RGID  EUID  EGID  SUID  SGID   SID  PGID zsh             15254 15253  1000  1000  1000  1000  1000  1000 15254 15254 sudo            16657 15254     0  1000     0  1000     0  1000 15254 16657 sleep           16658 16657  1002  1002  1002  1002  1002  1002 15254 16657 ps              16660 15254  1000  1000  1000  1000  1000  1000 15254 16660 $ fg [1]  + running    sudo -u test_no_pw sleep 999 ^C $ # it was killed   Before I interrupted the sudo I started the strace on it in another terminal:  # strace -p 16657 Process 16657 attached restart_syscall(<... resuming interrupted call ...>) = ? ERESTART_RESTARTBLOCK (Interrupted by signal) --- SIGINT {si_signo=SIGINT, si_code=SI_KERNEL, si_value={int=809122100, ptr=0x54552036303a3934}} --- [...SNIP...]   So the sender is SI_KERNEL, interesting. I've asked yesterday in IRC channels and Googled but got only hazy or incorrect answers. Most people said that terminal or shell will send the SINGINT to sudo but it seems to me that it cannot happpen according to kill(2):     For a process to have permission to send a signal it must either be privileged (under Linux: have the CAP_KILL capability), or the real or effective user ID of the sending process must equal the real or saved set-user-ID of the target process. In the case of SIGCONT it suffices when the sending and receiving processes belong to the same session. (Historically, the rules were different; see NOTES.)   I predict that it'll have something to do with sending some escape sequence with ASCII ETX (3) to a pseudo-terminal but I'm far from understanding it. (Why is does the signal originate from the kernel?)  Related but hazy/incorrect:      I'm mostly interested in how it works on Linux.


I am using a cloud server of godaddy & I don't have root password. My master user has root access through sudo. I was trying to create another user and set permission for a specific directory. I've created a news user testuser & created a new directory named "test" under var/www/html/. I was trying to set permission:  chmod -R 0777 /var/www/html/test   but unfortunately i press enter before mentioning the directory. That means I just change the whole permission  chmod -R 0777 /   Now, unfortunately I don't have root password & sudo, su are not working anymore. changing permission is showing  Operation not permitted   and sudo is showing the following error:  "effective uid is not 0, is sudo installed setuid root?"   I've several project live on the server. is there any way to restore the user permission. I don't want to reinstall the whole cent OS.  I've checked the ls -l and all permission are set to drwxrwxrwx  Please help me solve the problem.


Is there some trick to burning a cd with the CD/DVD creator?    I'm installing k3b because that's a known entity.  What is this, and where is the "burn" button?  Help just tells me this is Nautilus 3.4.1, but I don't see a .  There's no option to burn in the Files menu, nor does clicking on the whitespace indicate an option to burn anything.


What is the term for someone who thinks their race is inferior to other races?

I believe that being racist means that you believe your own race to be superior to other races? What would be the antonym for racist?


Why should I use a JOIN instead of WHERE in SQL?

I've seen answers to other questions on here and most suggest using a JOIN instead of WHERE in SQL.   I'm new to SQL, having started using Oracle around 6 months ago and I've not once used a JOIN.   I don't do any complex queries by any means. A query I use quite often is below. What would the equivalent be using a JOIN, should I do that and are there any advantages?  SELECT orders.no, orders.created, totals.net FROM orders, totals WHERE orders.no = totals.no   I'm using an ancient version of Oracle; 8i so I believe some of the JOIN are using (+) or something, but never understood it.


Some of my strings that I echo out from my database has seven \u7 (%07) attached to it, I have never seen that before, does anyone know what it is and how to remove it from the string?    I have tried:    $pat = array("\r\n", "\n\r", "\n", "\r", "\u7");   $val = str_replace($pat, '', $val);   and different php Sanitize filters  but nothing seems to remove it


How can I recover iPhone data lost after iOS upgrade?

I've had my iPhone 4  for about 3 months and when I connected it to my computer today I was prompted to update the iOS, so I did. But somehow I didn't realise that it meant I was going to need some kind of password once the update had been downloaded etc... having failed to remember it after a few attempts I simply left iTunes to get some troubleshooting advice. When I got back it seems that the password prompt had disappeared and my phone seems to be back to its original settings.  How can I restore the data that was on the phone?


How to check if exactly one of two condition is met

I am checking wether one of two conditions applies and only one. My question is if there is a way to have a single if statement to do this: if x == True:     if y == False:         do_something() elif x == False:     if y == True:         do_something()  Ideally similar to how and and or work so that it would something like: enter code here if x == True ° y == True:     do_something()  whereas ° is the wanted operator  do nothing if: x,y = True or x,y = False do something if: x = True and y = False or x = False and y = True  I would appreciate any advice if this is not possible. Thank you in advance!!


How to make terminal transparent while still having its own background image?

Is there a way to give terminal specific background image and make it 50% transparent at the same time?


In His Last Vow, it has been decided that Sherlock will go on the important but ultimately deadly mission as his form of punishment/banishment.  In regards to his involvement with sending Sherlock on this mission, Mycroft is questioned about his feelings for Sherlock and says:      "Don't be absurd. I'm not given to outbursts of brotherly compassion. You know what happened to the other one."    This heavily implies that a third Holmes brother exists.  Is there a third Holmes brother in any canon?


Why class constructor generates destructors for its members?

Let's start with the warm-up.  I created a class template whose destructor just cannot be instantiated without compiler activating static_assert:  File: M.hpp  template <typename T> struct M {     M(){}     ~M()     {         static_assert(sizeof(T) == 0, "no type can pass this");     } };   Next I used this class in two different ways: allocate it on heap and allocate it on stack:  File main.cpp  #include "M.hpp"  int main() {     M<int> *pmi = new M<int>(); // does compile     M<int> mi;                  // doen't compile }   Allocating it on a heap M<int> *pmi = new M<int>(); works. It is so as we only use constructor and don't need destructor. The rules for class template implicit instantiation :      ... unless the member is used in the program, it is not instantiated ...   Allocating it on stack M<int> mi; doesn't work as compiler definitely need to instantiate the destructor.  So far so good, clear rules.  Let's get to the point.  I wrote another class which uses M as a member:  File X.cpp  #include "M.hpp"  struct X {     X() = default;     ~X() = delete;  private:     M<int> m_; };   I deleted the destructor intentionally because I don't want it to interfere anyhow with my experiment.  Constructor is defaulted which in my understanding should only generate constructor of M<int>, its only member, and call it. To my surprise this is not the case. X() also tries to generate the destructor of M<int>:  File main.cpp  #include "X.hpp"  int main() {   X* px = new X(); }   and this is what I get from a compiler:  $ g++ -std=c++17 main.cpp In file included from X.hpp:1,                  from main.cpp:1: M.hpp: In instantiation of ‘M<T>::~M() [with T = int]’: X.hpp:5:3:   required from here M.hpp:7:29: error: static assertion failed: no type can pass this      static_assert(sizeof(T) == 0, "no type can pass this");   The question is: why during the instantiation of the default constructor a compiler tries to instantiate a destructor for a member class template if it is not needed? If it is indeed needed could you point me at the documentation where it is stated?


How to recover files from dead windows using dos?

I am using windows 7. My windows is not loading. I want to recover some files using dos commands, Is that possible anymore?


CSS required to make lightning:checkboxGroup items display horizontally

What CSS would be required to make the items in a lightning:checkboxGroup display horizontally rather than the default of vertical?


Proof the Legendre polynomial $P_n$ has $n$ distinct real zeros

I need a proof to show that the inequality $m < n$ leads to a contradiction and $P_n$ has $n$ distinct real roots, all of which lie in the open interval $(-1, 1)$.


How to visualize independent two sample t-test?

What are the most accepted ways to visualize the results of an independent two sample t-test? Is a numeric table more often used or some sort of plot? The goal is for a casual observer to look at the figure and immediately see that they are probably from two different populations.


Prove that: area of triangle $S_{ABC}=p \cdot R$, where p is half perimeter of triangle $DEF$. $AD,CF, BE$ are altitudes. Is there a simple way?


L'Hopital's Rule seemingly not giving graphical result

I'm trying to evaluate the following limit...  $$\lim\limits_{x \to \infty} \frac{x-3}{\cos x+x}$$  My first thought was to use L'Hôpital's rule. The numerator obviously tends towards infinity, and so, I believe, does the denominator, because of the additive $x$ term. Applying the rule, then, we arrive at the following result: $$\lim\limits_{x \to \infty} \frac{1}{-\sin x+1}$$ It would therefore seem that the limit does not exist, since the denominator is an alternating trig function with periodic asymptotes. However, if we graph our original function, it's quite clear that the limit actually tends to 1. This can be shown be squeezing the function between $\frac{x-3}{-1+x}$ and $\frac{x-3}{1+x}$ respectively.  Why, then, does L'Hôpital's rule not seem to apply to this function? Is there some nuance or precondition for the rule that I'm missing?


Infinite linear independent family in a finitely generated $A$-module

So I'm stuck with this problem.  Let $A$ be a nonzero commutative ring (with unit). I have several questions that are really close to each other.  1) Let $M$ be a finitely generated module over $A$. Can we have $\{x_n, n \in \mathbb{N}\} \subset M$ a linear independent family in $M$ ?  2) Let $M$ be a module over $A$ generated by $f_1, \ldots, f_n \in M$. Can we have $x_1,\ldots, x_{n+1} \in M$ a linear independent family ? (Obviously a negative answer to the latter implies a negative answer to the former.)   3) Let $N$ be a free module over $A$, and $M$ a module such that there exists an exact sequence $0 \to N \to M$ and another exact sequence $N \to M \to 0$. Is $M$ a free module as well (is $M \simeq N$)? If not, can we add $N$ of finite rank to get a positive answer ?  4) Let $M$ be finitely generated by $f_1, \ldots, f_n$, and $x_1, \ldots, x_n$ be a linear independent family in $M$. Is $M$ free?  Thank you for your help!


I have an old CentOS based, shared hosting environment with Bash 3.2.52; The hosting service team created a symlink from the directory www to the directory public_html, appearing in CLI as:  www -> public_html/  I don't want to delete it but if I wanted to how could I do that (I think unlink SOMETHING)?


I was looking at this  which has strange interface pins. I have never seen anything like it.  I wonder how am I supposed to connect to them. What connectors can I use and what's special about them? Is it good for RF stuff for example? What are they called? I could research more if I knew what these pins are called.  Edit: Answered in the comments: They are turret pins where you wrap a wire and solder to.


How to calculate the sum of the squares of the reciprocals of the first n positive integers

I want to derive the formula for $1/(1^2)+1/(2^2)+...+1/(n^2)$ where $n$ is a positive integer and $n<\infty$. All I could find no the internet dealt with the case where $n$ goes to infinity, and based on those solutions, I'm not even sure that a formula exists for the finite case. I tried deriving it by induction, but failed. Any help will be appreciated.


UPDATE table with select the same tablein multi-table queries

UPDATE market_order SET is_wechat = 1 WHERE     id IN (         SELECT             a.id         FROM             market_order a         LEFT JOIN market_order_detail b ON a.id = b.order_id         WHERE             b.template_id IN (                 SELECT                     id                 FROM                     market_template                 WHERE                     core_id = 2                 AND is_wechat = 1             )     )   Error     [Err] 1093 - You can't specify target table 'market_order' for update   in FROM clause


Calculate the estimated time for a job involving C# ,SQL and spreadsheet gear operations

I have a .Net Console application which processes jobs.   People are able to both submit and view the running and failed statuses of jobs.  To imagine a job, each one can be thought of as follows:    Excel file in (open) Process the Excel file Excel file out (save)   When a job is scheduled, a series of processes are scheduled to run based on the type of job it is, as follows:   Import data from Excel files Perform C# operations on the data Execute a series of sql Stored procedures on the data Export the results through spread gear to an Excel file   Due to the time taken for each job, I want people to get a rough idea on when their Excel export files will be ready.  Each job requires an estimated time for completion, which can be split into the groups above and/or an overall estimate shown.  My idea is to keep a record of how long the tasks took in the past and use that data for estimating, but I want to make sure there aren't already tools built into C# for doing this before I reinvent the wheel.  As a bonus, I would also appreciate any stories, tips and suggestions for estimation process time estimation in general.


When should you split a database into 2-3 databases for performance reasons?

I'm not an expert on database performance. A colleague has suggested splitting a BI data warehouse database into several databases based on functional business unit - I believe still on one machine though I'm not sure - for performance reasons - there are many processes, procedures, logging, and monitoring happening. This has nothing to do with security or permissions - in fact those will be made more complicated potentially.  Again I can't say I'm the expert but for some reason, it doesn't seem logical to me. DB in total is about 500 GB and we have about 200 tables. Naturally it seems like most solutions from my cursory research recommend improving the disc drive speed (like SSD) or RAM (currently an anemic 4 GB) for performance reasons. Or possibly keeping one logical database, but fragmenting the schemas into 2-3 different machines.  But I don't know. Is there a significant use case or performance reason to split one database into 2 logical databases - other than user permissions/ security which aren't a factor here. There will be many views that span across these 3-4 databases.  Do read operations, normalization, tuning options, or database/table locks come into play here? My instincts tell me no - those are entirely separate issues, but I can certainly be wrong. I'm just concerned that we are going to trade minimal, if not zero, performance improvements for a whole lot of added complexity and maintenance.  I obviously am coming in here already leaning/ biased at one side, but wondering your thoughts.


My LBS recommended cartridge hubs to me. Here are my doubts.  Seeing as how I never ride in the rain or any such wet substances, I don't really need the "completely sealed" feature.  Sheldon Brown says that if taken care of, the body of a loose-ball hub will last indefinitely. (not the balls and cones). So if you maintain your hub, you should be able to indefinitely avoid having to re-spoke your wheel.  Sealed bottom brackets make sense, because it's easy to pull your cranks off and swap it out. But if you have a cartridge hub, when it wears out you will need to re-spoke your wheel. Am I right about that, or do cartridge hubs have a system for just replacing the bearings?  Also, is it possible that a cartridge hub would last as long as the rim? Then you would just replace the whole wheel once it started having problems.


Badge "multiplier" a little bit misaligned on the profile page

Well, you can see it for yourself. The badge multiplier is a bit misaligned. Can you fix this please? (I know it's kinda a minor issue but it's bugging me and it's somehow off)    If it helps, I'm using Chrome version 44.0.2403.125 m. (Also repro'ed on FireFox 39.0 and )    For no good reason, that's a screenie from 's profile page.


Someone edited my post - how can I tell what they did and why?

I have a number of issues with the concept of editing other peoples' posts, but this is a key concern (one of two, actually).   How can I tell who edited my post and why it was edited? Do others see who has made edits? What happens if I reverse those edits? Is there an automatic way to do that or do I have to manually re-edit?


How do I turn off a Steam Controller connected to a Steam Link?

Is there a way to turn off the controller without turning off the Steam Link?  I use the controller to turn on the Steam Link, but I don't actually like it and would like to play with a PS4 controller.  However, the Steam Controller just stays on, wasting its batteries...


Deleting an element from an array in PHP

Is there an easy way to delete an element from an array using PHP, such that foreach ($array) no longer includes that element?  I thought that setting it to null would do it, but apparently it does not work.


I would like to label an axis like this:    Can I achieve this in a for loop without having to explicitly write all the commands separately like below?  label.top (btex $-3$ etex, (-3u, 0)); label.top (btex $-2$ etex, (-2u, 0)); label.top (btex $-1$ etex, (-1u, 0)); label.top (btex $0$ etex, (0u, 0)); label.top (btex $1$ etex, (1u, 0)); label.top (btex $2$ etex, (2u, 0)); label.top (btex $3$ etex, (3u, 0));


Confidence Interval for a sampling P95 in unknown distribution

TLDR: I need to estimate what is the minimum sample size to get a W-wide confidence interval of daily Response Time's P95 of which I only get a sample of events. Detailed: Due to a Service Level Agreement, I'm trying to estimate the confidence interval for the 95th percentile of different services each day. Each one has Mi number of daily requests (large population), but I only get telemetry of some of the events (Ni randomly) which are my samples each day ( Mi >> Ni ). Alternative, I could just get the sample size required to have T milliseconds range in my confidence interval around the sampled P95 and then use that as a threshold to be considered. So far I was using Cox Method to estimate the CI of the mean, but observing the distribution of the sampled P95 values I get, it's right skewed and, as I understand, that invalidates Cox Method. (Not to mention, I'm not actually sure that Cox could be used to any parameter or just the mean) On a different point of view, a colleague believes that given P95 is in fact determined by the top 5% of the samples, I could just use the standard confidence interval formula for unknown variance, but with n = Ni/20. Any comments would be much appreciated.


Accessing the first returned object in python

I have a function F() that returns two objects. E.g. ob1, ob2 = F().  Is there a way to just access ob1 and ignoring ob2 in the same line? something like ob1 = F().


Can a hasted monster make the additional attack from the Haste spell along with their Multiattack?

If a spellcaster casts haste on a monster with Multiattack, does he/she get to make the extra attack (one weapon attack only) from haste after his/her Multiattack?


Is there a travelling speed of for electric field? If yes, what is it?

Consider two circuits containing a battery, bulb, switch and conducting wires but of length 1 meter in one case and 1000KM in other. When switched on at the same time both the bulbs glow instantaneously. I think it is because, electric filed travels from positive terminal of battery to negative terminal through wire almost instantaneously.  My question is there any speed for this electric field? If yes, what is it? By any modification in this circuit is it possible to induce any delay in glowing the bulb?


Italian language not showed in rendering Latex script

I am using Texmaker, and I am having a problem about the use of language packages. I have tried to use the Italian Babel, writing the following:  \usepackage[italian,english]{babel}    and then either  \selectlanguage{Italian}  text   or   \begin{otherlanguage*}{italian}  text \end{otherlanguage*}   but neither work, and my text is not showing the symbols proper of Italian language like a,è,ì,ò,ù. Can you help me?


What's the difference between "a" and "the" in the following sentence?  This is a/the story of a little girl in a wheelchair called Susan who laughs, sings, flies and swings – just like every other little girl.


How can I hook on to one terminal's output from another terminal?

I need to hook onto output of currently running terminal (tty1) from virtual terminal and capture it (running X server).


Can't do a full backup because the log is full

I have a server with 25GB of free space. The software stopped working because the transaction log is full. I noticed that the database has two logs files; one is 45Gb and the other is 65Gb.  I think the guy working here before me (he is not anymore) added a second log file so the software would continue working, however there is almost no space left on disk.  I tried using SQL Server Management Studio to take a full backup but I can't since the transaction log is full.   What are my options? I can shrink the logs but I don't have ANY backup and can't do any of them.  Should I change it to simple mode first? Can I script the whole database and save it as 'backup'?


Word for a group of "like-minded" people

I know there's a word for "like-minded" people, generally used in a negative context.  For example, you could say employees of the CIA are __, in that they all want to ensure the security of the nation, whatever the price/cost.  I think it starts with a "c", it's on the tip of my tongue and I can't think of it.  Any ideas?  Just editing this a bit.  Thanks everyone for your responses.  It may not start with a "c" but the word "cadre" is close to what I'm looking for, but once again with a potentially more negative association.


How long is Miso Paste good for in the fridge after opening?

I'm not sure how to judge the fridge life of this stuff, does this salty stuff last awhile?


Do I need a visa to work remotely in Europe as a Canadian citizen for six weeks?

I'm currently working in Canada as a Canadian citizen and planning on travelling to a few places in Europe for six weeks.  I am also going to continue working remotely full time.  Is there any legal problems with this that I should know about?   Do I need to apply for a visa or is six weeks a small enough time that it's not necessary?  The countries I'm planning on visiting are:  Greece, Croatia, Hungary, Czech Republic, and Germany.  Though I might cut one or two of these to simplify things a bit


I think I know that there were times in the past when it was convenient to look at a number $1$ as a prime number, and, as far as I can remember, even then it was dependent on who we ask is it prime or not?  This question is primarily here because in some of the questions I posted in the last few days I wanted that we for the purpose of the question consider $1$ as prime, or because of some similar reason.  So, let us see why, in my opinion, we should take $1$ as prime, and why we should not.  First, the definition of prime numbers as seen on Wikipedia:     A prime number (or a prime) is a natural number greater than 1 that has no positive divisors other than 1 and itself.   If we interpret here this greater as $n \in \mathbb N \setminus \{1\}$, in other words, as strictly greater, then clearly $1$ cannot be prime because it is, by definition, not taken into consideration.  If we change the definition and remove part of the sentence, the part greater than 1, then we have this definition:     A prime number (or a prime) is a natural number that has no positive divisors other than 1 and itself.   Then we could say that $1$ is prime, because he has no other positive divisors other than 1 and itself, and he has two divisors which coincide and are both equal to $1$ (1 and itself).  But do we stumble upon some problem if we declare $1$ as prime?  Yes we do, but all these problems (that I know of) are not so serious.  First, we should rephrase fundamental theorem of arithmetic which says that:     Every positive integer $n>1$ can be represented in exactly one way as a product of prime powers.   If we would take $1$ as prime then the fundamental theorem of arithmetic could be stated as:     Every positive integer $n>1$ can be represented in exactly one way as a product of prime powers in such a way that in the factorization of $n$ powers of number $1$ are absent.   This is because we have $1^a=1^b$ for $a \neq b$ so if we want unique factorization then powers of $1$ must be absent from the factorization.  But do we gain something positive if we declare $1$ as prime number?  I think we do.  For example, the Goldbach conjecture states:     Every even integer greater than 2 can be expressed as the sum of two primes.   If we would declare $1$ as prime we could shorten the Goldbach conjecture:     Every even natural number can be expressed as the sum of two primes.   Of course, this is because $1+1=2$ so now even two has a representation as a sum of two primes.  But in this case we would gain even more. Now, when $1$ is taken as a prime number, then we have slightly greater chance that every even natural number can be expressed as a sum of two primes because now we can consider sums of the form $2n=(2n-1)+1$ and we cannot consider them when we do not take $1$ as a prime.  It seems (but I could be wrong), that it is the matter of agreement between mathematicians should we or should we not take $1$ as a prime number.  So, I have a few questions:     1)  Is there any serious problem or inconsistency inside of mathematics if we take $1$ as a prime number (other than just re-writing the theorems/lemmas/conjectures/definitions in a different way)?      2)  Should we or should we not take $1$ as a prime number?      3)  Can you give some other examples of conjectures for which it would be better to take $1$ as a prime?      4)  What are your thoughts on this?


I wrote this method to check if the code valid or not: private boolean validateDeleteBacklog(String code) {         if(code != null && !code.equals("")) {             if(code.length() == 6) {                 Pattern specialCaracter = Pattern.compile("[$&+,:;=?@#|'<>.-^*()%!]");                 boolean specialCar = specialCaracter.matcher(code).matches();                 return specialCar;              }         }         return false; }  when i use code = "abc123" it return always false inside of true. Where is the problem here?


Java dynamic binding and method overriding

Yesterday I had a two-hour technical phone interview (which I passed, woohoo!), but I completely muffed up the following question regarding dynamic binding in Java.  And it's doubly puzzling because I used to teach this concept to undergraduates when I was a TA a few years ago, so the prospect that I gave them misinformation is a little disturbing...  Here's the problem I was given:  /* What is the output of the following program? */  public class Test {    public boolean equals( Test other ) {     System.out.println( "Inside of Test.equals" );     return false;   }    public static void main( String [] args ) {     Object t1 = new Test();     Object t2 = new Test();     Test t3 = new Test();     Object o1 = new Object();      int count = 0;     System.out.println( count++ );// prints 0     t1.equals( t2 ) ;     System.out.println( count++ );// prints 1     t1.equals( t3 );     System.out.println( count++ );// prints 2     t3.equals( o1 );     System.out.println( count++ );// prints 3     t3.equals(t3);     System.out.println( count++ );// prints 4     t3.equals(t2);   } }   I asserted that the output should have been two separate print statements from within the overridden equals() method: at t1.equals(t3) and t3.equals(t3).  The latter case is obvious enough, and with the former case, even though t1 has a reference of type Object, it is instantiated as type Test, so dynamic binding should call the overridden form of the method.  Apparently not.  My interviewer encouraged me to run the program myself, and lo and behold, there was only a single output from the overridden method: at the line t3.equals(t3).  My question then is, why?  As I mentioned already, even though t1 is a reference of type Object (so static binding would invoke Object's equals() method), dynamic binding should take care of invoking the most specific version of the method based on the instantiated type of the reference.  What am I missing?


Some meta sites insist that I take the main sites' tours, but don't recognize that I already have

On three sites:      my badges section shows no badges and instead tells me to "Take the Tour and earn your first badge". But even if I take the tour several times, that message doesn't change. Strangely, those are all "meta" sites, and the tours are for the main sites. Even stranger, I took the tours for the main sites long ago (e.g. Physics on July 29).  Update: Unix.Meta.SE was another site where I had this same problem. I just read some of the items there and upvoted one (not gratuitously), and a few minutes later I was awarded the Supporter badge, and now the "tour" problem has gone away. Strangely though, I was at the same time awarded the Yearling and Autobiographer as well. So this bug isn't simply a matter of annoyance, it's actually blocking the awarding of other badges.


I do understand that similar questions and maybe even the same question has been asked before, I've found them but unfortunately as a result of inexperience on my part I have been unable to adapt the posted solutions to my design specifically.  I am currently working to build the power side of my overall circuit that uses an 18650 (3.7v, 2600mAh) battery that is charged through an MCP73833 IC. The source power for charging will be a 5V wall wart power supply. What I am trying to accomplish now is to create a path or switch that disconnects the battery when the 5V power supply is connected, while preferably allowing the the 5V to be used to power the project and charge the battery at the same time.  Based on prior answers here on EE, I've heard that two Schottky diodes can be used with a little forward voltage drop; I've also seen recommendations for FET's. I'm trying not to add any more IC's to the project if I do not need too especially since I'm hand soldering all of this (not meaning FET's, but actual IC's).   Forward voltage drop is not critical since I'll need to step-up the battery voltage anyway after this circuit (to 5V for MAX7219). So it wouldn't be a big deal to run both power sources through the same booster.  My problem is that I have zero experience with Schottky diodes and even less with Mosfets. I've been reading and trying to understand but just when I think I do, I look at my circuit and my brain turns to mush.     Obviously if you see any errors within the circuit and wouldn't mind pointing them out, I'd appreciate that as well.


What tools (ideally affordable ones) would folks recommend for creating a website wireframe? What tools have you used, and did you find them better than pen and paper?


vector iterator parameter as template C++

template<typename T> void Merge_Sort(vector<T>::iterator begin, vector<T>::iterator end) {  size_t length = end - begin; if (1 >= length) return;  size_t mid = length/2;  Merge_Sort(begin, begin + mid); Merge_Sort(begin + mid, end); inplace_merge(begin, begin + mid, end); }   I am trying to template-ize the function but getting the error that I am missing the typename prior to vector::iterator. Could anybody have an idea about making this function template?  To sum, I am trying to make iterator parameter as template.


i have a Intel Pentium is there ANY possible way to use it for GPU compute ? And can some one explain how GPU works and why my Intel is not compatible.


Difference between "Would have to " and "Will have to"

In a mobile purchasing guide, it says that you can have a small-sized phone very cheaply. The next sentence is:      But what if you want a bigger screen? In that case you (would have to/will   have to) spend more money.   I think its "will have to" because it is a fact.


Show that the product of any $m$ consecutive positive integers is divisible by $m!$.   Note that we have that $\frac{n!}{m!(n-m)!} \in \mathbb{Z}$ for $0 \leq m \leq n$.  $\require{cancel} \frac{n!}{m!(n-m)!} = \frac{n\cdot(n-1)\cdot\cdot\cdot(n-m+1)(n-m)!}{m!(n-m)!} = \frac{n\cdot(n-1)\cdot\cdot\cdot(n-m+1)\cancel{(n-m)!}}{m!\cancel{(n-m)!}} = \frac{n\cdot(n-1)\cdot\cdot\cdot(n-m+1)}{m!}$ where $n\cdot(n-1)\cdot\cdot\cdot(n-m+1)$ are $m$ consecutive integers divisible by $m!$  Of course, I'm using the fact that I know the combinations formula is an integer but given that, is the proof this simple? Or did I make an error here. Appreciate help!


Scenario  I am executing a stored procedure using ADO.NET SqlCommand:  cmd.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure; cmd.CommandText = "sp_Trk_GetSuspiciusVisitor"; cmd.Parameters.Add(new SqlParameter("channel","gb")); cmd.Parameters.Add(new SqlParameter("data", DateTime.Today.AddDays(-1))); cmd.Connection = conn;   I would like to log the executed sql statement. In this case I would like to log the string:  sp_Trk_GetSuspiciusVisitor 'gb', '2012-08-12'   Question  Is there any property of the SqlCommand or of the SqlConnection classes that does the job?


Determining what lines have changed in updated shapefile using QGIS

I am using  to update the roads in OpenStreetMap. I have a copy they published last year and one that was just published, and I would like to find all the LineStrings that have either had their attributes or their geometry changed. This will assist me in making sure all the new and modified streets are updated in OpenStreetMap. The street segments should have a unique identifier, so my only thought is to write a Python script which opens both Shapefiles, finds any segments in the new that aren't present in the old (added segments), and the reverse (removed segments), and then loop over matched pairs comparing their constituent coordinates to see if anything has changed. Is there a way to do this using QGIS?


\draw not working inside axis environment

Judging from the pgfplots manual I expected the following code to work:  \documentclass{article} \usepackage{pgfplots} \begin{document} \begin{figure}   \begin{tikzpicture}     \begin{axis}[       xmin=0,       xmax=4,       ymin=0,       ymax=4,       ]       \draw (1,1) -- (3,2);     \end{axis}   \end{tikzpicture} \end{figure} \end{document}   However, it doesn't - meaning that it seems the \draw command does nothing at all. I just get an empty axes with no line.    Can anyone shed some light on this? I guess the solution will be really easy...


Drive Genius 3 Demo does not have a menu. How do I uninstall it on my iMac?

I have the Drive Genius 3 demo and it does not have a menu or an Uninstall. How do I delete the demo version of Drive Genius 3?


Configuring forward and inverse search with TeXmaker 3.5.2 + SumatraPDF 2.2.1

I can't configure forward and inverse search with TeXmaker 3.5.2 + SumatraPDF 2.2.1, i already tried all solutions given for this kind of problem in  but no one works. Can anyone help me?  Thank you in advance!


Star Trek: Discovery timeline in relation to Next Generation and Voyager

I have just finished watching Star Trek: Next Generation and Voyager they seemed to be in the same timeline and fit together.   I have now started on ST:Discovery.  The timeline doesn't make much sense to me because in *Voyager they had insane shield technology that Janeway's future self gave to Voyager before their return.  So my guess is that Discovery is prior in the timeline. Is my confusion because I haven't yet seen Deep Space Nine?


I am a home owner & have just replaced the sloped ramp to our storage shed with 1/2" PT 2 weeks ago.  We live in the Atlanta, GA area so temps have been 90s for highs, with showers frequently.  1)  How long do I wait to paint ramp?  & 2)  do I prime before painting?


Resizing shapefile features proportionally in QGIS

In QGIS (1.8.0-Lisboa) on Windows (OSGeo4W Install), how would you resize a feature proportionally?  The only way I've found to do this is by hand using either the Freehand Editing (0.2.6) plugin or the Reshape Features button. Neither of these provides a means to uniformly scale (as in resize) the selected feature up or down.  For example, I want to increase the features size by 130% so that you retain the shape of the feature but expand the area of the shape itself proportionally in all directions.


The read command is useful when reading data from the user . I am trying to read a number from 1-5 from the user. How can I make it so the input of the user does not show up in the log


Is there a term for a person who by local standards is normal in his/her behaviour?  I mean a person who tends to like the same sports, same teams, same music, and same hobbies. Because in  people are like that, and I call them (in my mind) very generic, trivial, and boring.


Creating image from two other images using javascript

I am having a slight problem, I need to be able to create image file from two other images, and I have to able to place other image over the other one. Example:  Blue_box.png:    Yellow_box.png:    And I have to let javascript create a new image file that would look something like this:  Final_box.png:    And I have to be able to place the yellow box using cords


Sorting by questions that have no answers by votes shows duplicates

In fact, they appear to all be merged questions.


If I have expertise in a skill and I take Aereni Expertise over the Elf Weapon Training, does that mean that I would have quadruple proficencey bonus?

I'm making a new character and she is a Wood Elf rogue. The rogue gets to choose two skills that she is proficient in at level one and give themselves expertise in it instead. A Wood Elf has access to the Aereni Expertise trait which is described like this: "Choose one skill or tool proficiency. Your proficiency bonus is doubled for ability checks that use it." Does that mean if I choose perception (a skill that I already have expertise in) would I then get quadruple the bonus?


One way ANOVA in R given Mean, SD, sample size only?

I am trying to run a one way ANOVA on some data. One factor, 4 levels. I only have mean, SD, and sample sizes to work with. Is there a way to do this in R?


Which of the following lines is correct?...  if (typeof value == 'boolean') { return value; }   ... or ...  if (typeof value === 'boolean') { return value; }   I thought the double equal sign was a type of "soft compare" so the value variable could either be a string or formal type.  Is this not so?  I wonder because JSHint complained about the first version.  I've changed it but now I'm worried that typeof won't return a string.


Why the Lorentz group has complex generators in QFT treatments?

In Schwartz' and Peskin's QFT books, when trying to deal with representations of the Lorentz group the authors study the representations of the Lie algebra of such group.  By definition, if $SO(1,3)$ is the Lorentz group, the Lie algebra is $\mathfrak{so}(1,3)$ defined as the set of all left-invariant vector fields on $SO(1,3)$ which in turns is equivalent to the tangent space at the identity of $SO(1,3)$.  Now, $SO(1,3)$ is a real manifold. Hence its tangent space at the origin is a real vector space.  Anyway, the books say that there are elements on this Lie algebra called generators defined by some complex matrices $J_i$ and $K_i$ such that any group element is  $$\Lambda = \exp(i\theta^i J_i+i\beta^i K_i)$$  and such that  $$[J_i,J_j]=i\epsilon_{ijk}J_k$$  $$[K_i,K_j]=-i\epsilon_{ijk}J_k$$  $$[J_i,K_j]=i\epsilon_{ijk}K_k$$  Now there's something quite wrong here. There are two main points I've noticed:   How can the elements of $\mathfrak{so}(1,3)$ be complex matrices if this is a real vector space? The matrices certainly need to be real. Unless one is hidden a complexification somewhere, but this isn't made clear in the books. If that's the case, where and why does one use a complexification? It is not true that all elements of the group can be recovered by exponentiation, if I'm not mistaken. I really don't remember this quite well, but claiming that all elements have that form seems wrong. Furthermore, the exponentiation I know about is the map $\exp : \mathfrak{so}(1,3)\to SO(1,3)$ defined by  $$\exp(A)=\phi^{X^A}_1(e),$$  where $X^A$ is the associated left-invariant vector field, $\phi^{X^A}_t$ is its flow and $e\in SO(1,3)$ is the identity. If I'm not mistaken this exponential map isn't surjective. How the author is justified to say that any group element is of this form?   In summary how to connect the physicst's approach the author presents to the usual Lie group / Lie algebra theory?


Is there a standard for the sizes of PCB traces?  That is are some 25 mil and others 10 mil or is can you choose your own?  I plan to run 400mA through some thicker traces, but less than 30mA for all other traces. About what size would I need?


How do I use REISUB with an Apple slim aluminum keyboard?

I'm using the , which doesn't have the SysRq key:    What key(s) should I press for the  when I need to type ?


In Java, losing accuracy while applying math functions

I am getting wrong output while using java Math functions. expected output = 4.32 present output= 4.30287105016515  double startHeight= 60.00; double initaldistance=1000.00; double speed=120; startDistance=(initaldistance-1.688*speed); startAngle = Math.toDegrees(Math.atan(startHeight/startDistance)); System.out.println(startAngle);


The sum of the series  $1+\frac{1+2}{1!}+\frac{1+2+3}{3!}+....$ equals?  The answer is $\frac{3e}{2}$.  But I dont Know How?  I have tried following:  $1+\frac{1+2}{1!}+\frac{1+2+3}{3!}+....$=$\sum\limits_{n=1}^{\infty} \frac{n(n+1)}{2n!} $  I know that sequence of partial sum $S_n$=$1+\frac{1+2}{1!}+\frac{1+2+3}{3!}+....+\frac{n(n+1)}{2n!}$ and $\sum\limits_{n=1}^{\infty} \frac{n(n+1)} {2n!}$ converges to same point.  Now how to find $S_n$ converges to which point?


What is wrong with the following "proof" that $e=1$?

Let's analyze this expression   $\lim_\limits{n\rightarrow\infty} (1+\frac{1}{n})^n$  It's the definition of $e$ which, as we know is not equal to $1$. So what is wrong with the following "logic":  As $\lim_\limits{n\rightarrow\infty}(a_{n}b_{n}) = \lim_\limits{n\rightarrow\infty}(a_{n})\times\lim_\limits{n\rightarrow\infty}(b_{n}) $ and $\lim_\limits{n\rightarrow\infty}(1+\frac{1}{n}) = 1$, we can say that $\lim_\limits{n\rightarrow\infty} (1+\frac{1}{n})^n=1^n$, which is equal to $1$.  I know something's wrong there, but the question is - what?


Convert IEEE Double to Integer - Verilog

I want to convert the IEEE Double value computed in my code to Integer.  E.g. I have computed: X = 64'hxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx; Now i want to use it as index of an array as: some_array[X];  How can I do it? Is there any IP-Core or any other third-party Core for this conversion? Or some synthesis-able method/algorithm?


How to write code for terminate App after clicking "CANCEL " button in google sign-in application in iOS

In my Application after clicking on cancel the app navigating to home screen     in viewDidLoad  googleButton.addTarget(self, action: #selector(signInUserUsingGoogle(_:)), for:.touchUpInside)     func sign(_ signIn: GIDSignIn!, didSignInFor user: GIDGoogleUser!, withError error: Error!) {           if let error = error{             print("we have error sign in user ==\(error.localizedDescription)")             }          else{             if let gmailUser = user{                 performSegue(withIdentifier: "login", sender: self)              }         }    }


Keeping Current, How can i vary voltage?

From a source of 12V,3A capacity, how it is possible to reduce voltage to 5-8V with constant supply of 3A current to load?


Copy the default user profile - Administrator account

I need to amend the default user account during deployment of Windows 7. Having read the following MS article:  I have a few questions.  The article suggests that the amendments must be made under the built in local administrator account. Does this have to be the built in Admin account? or can the changes be made under the context of another local account within the local administrators group. The customer does not wish to enable the the built in admin account.  Is the profile copied from the account that is currently logged in when the specialise path is initiated?   The article also says to remove all existing local accounts. I assume this is because the amendments to the default profile will not apply to these accounts. Basically, the image has some existing local profiles that must remain. The default settings do not need to be applied to these accounts.   I would test this out but I currently do not have access to my test environment unfortunately.   Any guidance is greatly appreciated.   Thanks in advance.


Often confusion arises when the  spell is used, an  is worn, or the 's anti-magic ray is employed, whether a given character's ability will still function.   The spell does give you some guidelines on how to adjudicate the effects of the loss of magic but says very little about how to determine what is affected.  In short, how do I tell if an ability is magical?


How to integrate $\int \frac{ev+f}{av^2 + bv +c} dv$?

I want to integrate  \begin{align} \int \frac{ev+f}{av^2 + bv +c} dv \end{align} can you give me some hints or detail procedure for this integral?    From mathematca, i have  \begin{align} \frac{-\frac{2 (b e-2 a f) \text{ArcTan}\left[\frac{b+2 a v}{\sqrt{-b^2+4 a c}}\right]}{\sqrt{-b^2+4 a c}}+e \text{Log}[c+v (b+a v)]}{2 a} \end{align}  which seems uncomfortable for me..


Nationality =Pakistan Resident -Turkey  Applied from istanbul with family  Justification for the purpose and conditions of the intended stay was not provided


A question in Hatcher's proof of homotopy lifting property

In Hatcher's Algebraic Topology p.30, in the last but one paragraph, he said: After replacing N by a smaller neighborhood of $y_0$, we may assume that $\tilde{F}(N\times t_i)$ is contained in $\tilde{U_i}$, namely replace $N\times t_i$ by its intersection with ${\tilde{F}|(N\times t_i)}^{-1}$($\tilde{U_i}$).  But I wonder if the replacement is necessary. The reason is: By a former claim in the same paragraph:$F(N\times t_i)\subset U_i$, and $F(N\times t_i)\subset U_{i-1}$. So to the $\tilde{U_i}$ contains $y_0\times t_i$, $\tilde{F}(N\times t_i)$ must be in $\tilde{U_i}$. i.e. the intersection of intersection with ${\tilde{F}|(N\times t_i)}^{-1}$($\tilde{U_i}$) and $N\times t_i$ is $N\times t_i$. Do I make some mistakes above? Thank you!


Proof of linear independence of $e^{at}$

Given $\left\{ a_{i}\right\} _{i=0}^{n}\subset\mathbb{R}$ which are distinct, show that $\left\{ e^{a_{i}t}\right\} \subset C^{0}\left(\mathbb{R},\mathbb{R}\right)$,  form a linearly independent set of functions.   Any tips on how to go about this proof. I tried a working from the definition of an exponential and combining sums but that didn't seem to get me anywhere. I saw a tip on the internet that said write it in the form  $\mu_{1}e^{a_{1}t}+\dots+\mu_{n}e^{a_{n}t}=0$ to try to show $\mu_{1}=\dots=\mu_{n}=0$ considering each term of the left hand side must be positive, but I can't get my head around that because while I understand $e^{x}>0\forall x\in\mathbb{R}$ I cannot see why $\mu_{i}$ must be positive in any case. I have thought about differentiating but that doesn't seem to help. The question did originally ask for a "rigourous" proof but I'll take any hints right now and the provided the solution of 'is obvious' is most unhelpful to me.  Any input would be fantastic. Thank you.


How to conditionally invoke a generic method with constraints?

Suppose I have an unconstrained generic method that works on all types supporting equality. It performs pairwise equality checks and so works in O(n2):  public static int CountDuplicates<T>(IList<T> list)  {     /* ... */  }   I also have a constrained generic method that only works with types supporting sorting. It starts from sorting the list in O(n log n), and then counts all duplicates in one pass:  public static int CountDuplicatesFast<T>(IList<T> list)      where T : IComparable<T>  {     /* ... */  }   So, a caller can choose to invoke the fast method if it is statically known that the type of elements of the list supports ordering.  It might happen that the caller itself works with generic IList<T> where T is unconstrained, so its only option to invoke the first (slow) method.  Now, I want the first method to check at runtime if the type T actually implements the interface IComparable<T> and if so, invoke the fast method:  public static int CountDuplicates<T>(IList<T> list) {     if (typeof(IComparable<T>).IsAssignableFrom(typeof(T)))     {         return CountDuplicatesFast(list);     }     else     {         /* use the slow algorithm */     } }   The problem is the compiler rejects the invocation CountDuplicatesFast(list):  error CS0314: The type 'T' cannot be used as type parameter 'T' in the generic type or method 'Program.CountDuplicatesFast<T>(System.Collections.Generic.IList<T>)'. There is no boxing conversion or type parameter conversion from 'T' to 'System.IComparable<T>'.  Is it possible to persuade the compiler to trust me that I know what I am doing, and to skip the constraint check?


Calculate how many possible key pairs exist in RSA

"Calculate how many possible key pairs exist" Found these through searching. Not sure if either are correct. I would've assumed the number would be infinite. phi(n) - 1 phi(n)/2


The relation between acceleration and inertial force

Acceleration causes inertial force, and it is not relative, but why? What is the reason for feeling inertial force by acceleration?


Projection of a uniform distribution on a sphere

Suppose $X = (X_1, X_2, X_3)$ is a random vector distributed uniformly on the unit sphere in $\mathbb{R}^3$. What is the probability density function of $X_1$?


Which is preferred System.out.print() or System.out.printf()?

The most common way I see output done to the console is:  System.out.print("..");   or  System.out.println(".."); // New Line   But now and again I come across this way:  int answer = 42; System.out.printf("%2d is the answer.", answer);   I appreciate printf gives you more control of the formatting of the output. My question is, when should you use printf over the other options? And which is better practice/preferred?


I cannot seem to land properly on a station with just pads.  I fly in with landing gear extracted, the pad icon is blue and high freq beeps. I have to fly out cancel docking and try again. Often the 2nd time I can dock without issues.  Is it some bug?


Use Dell Inspiron laptop monitor as only monitor for mac mini

I have a Dell Inspiron 1525 laptop and I am planning on purchasing a mac mini, new version , I am tight on money for a while and want to use my current laptop screen as monitor for mac mini, I just want to know if it is at all possible to do, I have windows 7 and ubuntu 11.04 installed in my laptop, and I don't really care if need to wipe them out, or purchasing a monitos is the only option left, also I am planning to use it for coding and stuff, so VNC is probably not a good choice.


Is "I'd've" proper use of the English language?

While reading a book, I came across the word I'd've, as in:     I'd've argued against it.   While it was obvious what it meant, it left me puzzled. Is I'd've a proper word?


Using an alternate server iso installer, how can I set an IP address during boot up?

Goal  Using the latest LTS server iso (alternate), which at the time of writing is ubuntu-18.04.1-server-amd64.iso, I want to be able to do an installation, using a preseed and a kickstart file hosted on a webserver, however I cannot use DHCP.  So I am looking for a way to manually set the IP address when booting up the installer.   Steps previously taken  I have tried using . I've tried the various forms of it, leaving out some fields and other times leaving them empty – the options are detected during boot-up (see below screenshot), but they do not seem to come into affect. I've also both tried adding it before and after the two dashes.    I have tried this with the 16.04 server iso as well.  Note  It is not possible for me to use TFTF, PXE or anything like that. Also, I do not want to have to make custom installers, I want to be able to use the iso from the mirror.  Final remarks  If this is simply no longer possible, could someone please refer me to where this change was documented? I can not find any information indicating so.


How do I restore the default repositories?

There are now errors when updating and I cannot install most software due to a corrupted  /etc/apt/sources.list   file. Is there a copy I can download to replace it?  The file would be for Ubuntu 12.04 (Final Beta) in the United States.


Rendering on gpu causes streaks in render

When rendering on gpu there are prominent streaks in the render preview and to a lesser extent the final image. This problem started recently but not after any particular update and the problem persists even after resetting blender preferences to defaults. The problem is also not isolated to a single project. Any ideas?   I am using an amd r9 390.  GPU:   CPU:


Need to know how to remove a certain item from a players inventory in minecraft

Im currently able to detect an item in a players inventory and it is only active if the player is holding it while pressing the button that activates the chosen item. But I've been trying to get a chained, conditional, Always active block after it to remove the item after pressing the button. Is it possible to do so?


I am trying to understand the SynchronizedMap and I ran the below code. I get the below Output with an exception. According to my understanding the exception is caused when the get() methods are trying to access the syncmap when a thread is still executing a write on the map or Thread is in the Sleep state. Is my understanding correct or am I missing something ?  class MapHelper1 implements Runnable { Map<String, Integer> map;  public MapHelper1(Map<String, Integer> map) {     this.map = map;     new Thread(this, "MapHelper1").start(); }  public void run() {     map.put("One", 1);     try {         System.out.println("MapHelper1 sleeping");         Thread.sleep(100);     } catch (Exception e) {         System.out.println(e);     }  } }  class MapHelper2 implements Runnable {  Map<String, Integer> map;  public MapHelper2(Map<String, Integer> map) {     this.map = map;     new Thread(this, "MapHelper3").start(); }  public void run() {     map.put("two", 1);     try {         System.out.println("MapHelper2 sleeping");         Thread.sleep(100);     } catch (Exception e) {         System.out.println(e);     }  } }   class MapHelper3 implements Runnable { Map<String, Integer> map;  public MapHelper3(Map<String, Integer> map) {     this.map = map;     new Thread(this, "MapHelper3").start(); }  public void run() {     map.put("three", 1);     try {         System.out.println("MapHelper3 sleeping");         Thread.sleep(100);     } catch (Exception e) {         System.out.println(e);     }  } }  public class MainClass {  public static void main(String[] args) {     Map<String, Integer> hashMap = new HashMap<>();     Map<String, Integer> syncMap = Collections.synchronizedMap(hashMap);     MapHelper1 mapHelper1 = new MapHelper1(syncMap);     MapHelper2 mapHelper2 = new MapHelper2(syncMap);     MapHelper3 mapHelper3 = new MapHelper3(syncMap);        for (Map.Entry<String, Integer> e : syncMap.entrySet()) {         System.out.println(e.getKey() + "=" + e.getValue());     }  }  }   OUTPUT:  MapHelper1 sleeping MapHelper2 sleeping MapHelper3 sleeping   Exception in thread "main" java.util.ConcurrentModificationException at java.base/java.util.HashMap$HashIterator.nextNode(HashMap.java:1494) at java.base/java.util.HashMap$EntryIterator.next(HashMap.java:1527) at java.base/java.util.HashMap$EntryIterator.next(HashMap.java:1525) at MainClass.main(MainClass.java:137) Command exited with non-zero status 1   EDIT : I ran the code again a few times when the output was generated without exception. Why is this behavior?


Monogame apply tint to only some parts of sprite

Each player is a different colour (Red, Blue, Green, Yellow) and I want a small part of each piece of armour to be tinted to the player colour.  Is this possible without using a second armour sprite that overlays?  I'm hoping for something along the lines of reserving a certain portion of colours (say various shades of magenta) to convert back to a player colour while drawing.


Are social/responsible stock funds pointless?

The ESG funds are becoming more and more popular. (ESG = Environmental, Social and Governance). But I am wondering if it makes sense for stock funds?  If you buy a stock fund, the only consequence is that you become a player on the stock market, but your money will not transfered to any "bad" company in the stock fund. So why should I care about the portfolio of the fund?  Clearly, if you buy a fund that includes corporate bonds, then you finance companies, i.e. you could finance, e.g.,  weapons or child labor. In this case ESG funds are very useful.  But for pure stock funds, what is the point with ESG?  Edit: This question is very similar to the question "if buying a stock means to support the company". However, one difference is, e.g., that if you buy a fund you can not participate at a annual general meeting and you are not a legal shareholder of the companies. So with a stock fund you are only a speculator but with a stock you are also a owner. So it could be a reasonable and responsible strategy to select stock funds according to risk/profit and to select bonds (or other assets that directly support the company) by ESG criteria. In this way one could transfer money from non-ESG companies to ESG-companies.  Edit2: All funds I have are ESG funds. But I was wondering if this has any positive impact. This is why I asked this question. So please don't downgrade my question to tell me that I am irresponsible or ignorant. This is not the case.


Convergence of improper integral   $\int_{2}^{\infty} \frac{1}{log(t)}dt$  How do i start?