Is Gandalf really to blame for Sauron's return?

In The Hobbit, Gandalf assembles the party of 13 to retake the Misty Mountain and give Erebor back to Thorin.  However, along the way, Bilbo and company are captured by goblins and Bilbo meets Golum.  There's no indication that anyone or anything actually knew of Golum's existence or location until Bilbo met him.    Yes, Sauron was already beginning his return, even without the one ring, but had Bilbo never found the ring and stolen it from Golum, it never would have returned to the surface.  So, by that logic, since Gandalf was so adamant about Bilbo being the dwarves' burglar and basically guilted him into joining them he is responsible for the ring being found. Had Bilbo stayed home, the ring would have stayed hidden with Golum.   So, is Gandalf the person responsible for the events of the third age and Sauron's return to power?


It would really convenient if such shortcut exists. It may be placed in the left side menu after Your Site section and above Others section.  EDIT: After searching the meta, I found an ancient but interesting . I think this could be closed if the functionality involved in that question is implemented.


What are the coefficients in the expansion of $(x+y)(x+2y) \cdots (x+ny)$?

Are the numbers appearing as coefficients in the following sequence of polynomials known? Is there a known recurrence relation to compute them?  \begin{align*}   (x+y) &= x+y \\   (x+y)(x+2y) &= x^2+3yx+2y^2 \\   (x+y)(x+2y)(x+3y) &= x^3+6yx^2+11y^2x+6y^3 \\   (x+y)(x+2y)(x+3y)(x+4y) &= x^4+10yx^3+35y^2x^2+50y^3x+24y^4 \\  &\text{etc.} \end{align*}


Site does not exist... yet page has a weird text alignment

The site  doesn't exist. The error page for this looks bad:    The top text is duplicated, and the logo is misplaced.    Chrome 67.0.3396.99 and Safari Version 12.0 (14606.1.22.2) on macOS 10.14.


I was trying to derive the sum of a geometric progression: $$\sum_{i=0}^{n-1}{ar^i}$$ This is equal to: $$ar^0+ar^1+ar^2+\cdots+ar^{n-1}$$ Factorising with $a$, I get: $$a \sum_{i=0}^{n-1}{r^i}$$  Assuming $r$ is $6$ for example, I get: $$a\left[r^0(1+r(1+r(1+r(1+r(1+r)))))\right]$$ The number of $(1+r)$s inside is equal to $n-1$.   I have no idea how to expand the above equation, and simplify it.  Can someone please give me a step-by-step expansion and simplification of the equation. Something a $9^{th}$ grader would understand.  EDIT In general, I don't understand how to expand nested braces(recursion isn't the most intuitive thing for me) so a very simple explanation of how this is done will be much appreciated.


Apologies in advance for the long question.  My understanding is that in GR, massive observers move along timelike curves $x^\mu(\lambda)$, and if an observer moves from point $x^\mu(\lambda_a)$ to $x^\mu(\lambda_b)$, then his clock will measure that an amount of time $t_{ba}$ given by the curve's arc length; $$   t_{ba} = \int_{\lambda_a}^{\lambda_b}d\lambda \sqrt{-g_{\mu\nu}(x(\lambda))\dot x^\mu(\lambda)\dot x^\nu(\lambda)} $$ will have elapsed where $g_{\mu\nu}$ is a metric on spacetime with signature $(-,+,+,+)$.    Why is this so?     Here is how I would attempt to justify this fact in special relativity with $g_{\mu\nu} = \eta_{\mu\nu}$.  Consider an inertial observer $O$ in $\mathbb R^{3,1}$, and suppose that this observer sees a clock, which I'll call observer $O'$ moving around on a curve $x^\mu(\lambda)$.  If $O'$ were also an inertial observer, then given any event with coordinates $x^\mu$ as measured by $O$, observer $O'$ would measure the coordinates of the event to be $x'^\mu = \Lambda^\mu_{\phantom\mu\nu} x^\nu + x_0^\mu$ for some Lorentz transformation $\Lambda$.  If $O'$ is not inertial, then this is no longer true, and there is some more complicated family of transformations, say $T_\lambda$ between events as seen by both observers.  I would argue, however, that if we were to partition the interval $[\lambda_a, \lambda_b]$ into a large number $N$ of intervals $I_1=[\lambda_a, \lambda_i], \dots, I_N=[\lambda_{N-1}, \lambda_b]$ with $\lambda_n = \lambda_a+n\epsilon_N$ and $\epsilon_N=(\lambda_b-\lambda_a)/N$, then on each interval $I_n$, $O'$ is approximately an inertial observer in the sense that $$   T_{\lambda_n} = P_n + \mathcal O(\epsilon_N), \qquad (\star) $$ for some Poincare transformation $P_n$.  Then we would note that since $O'$ is stationary in his own reference frame, he measures his worldline to have the property $\dot x'^\mu(\lambda) = (\dot t(\lambda), \mathbf 0)$ so that $$   I_{ba}=\int_{\lambda_a}^{\lambda_b}d\lambda \,\sqrt{-\eta_{\mu\nu}\dot x'^\mu\dot x'^\mu} = \int_{\lambda_a}^{\lambda_b} d\lambda \, \sqrt{\dot t^2} = t(\lambda_b) - t(\lambda_a) = t_{ba} $$ On the other hand the integral on the left can be written as a Riemann sum using the partition above, and we can invoke ($\star$) above to get \begin{align}   I_{ba}  &= \lim_{N\to\infty}\left[\sum_{n=1}^N \epsilon_N\sqrt{-\eta_{\mu\nu}\dot x'^\mu(\lambda_n)\dot x'^\nu(\lambda_n)}\right] \notag\\ &= \lim_{N\to\infty}\left[\sum_{n=1}^N \epsilon_N\sqrt{-\eta_{\mu\nu}\dot x^\mu(\lambda_n)\dot x^\nu(\lambda_n)} + \mathcal{O}(\epsilon_N^2)\right] \notag\\ &= \int_{\lambda_a}^{\lambda_b}d\lambda \,\sqrt{-\eta_{\mu\nu}\dot x^\mu\dot x^\mu} \end{align} Combining these two computations gives the desired result.  How do others feel about this argument?  I'm not completely comfortable with it because of the assumption $(\star)$ I made on $T_\lambda$.  I imagine that in GR a similar argument could be made by invoking local flatness of the metric.


If $p$ divides $a^n$, how to prove/disprove that $p^n$ divides $a^n$?

The only thing I know for this problem is that an integer is a product of primes.


Consider there are two divs like showing bellow.

   I want the sub div to be vertically centered not to the whole page but to the main div.


update struct via another struct in Matlab

I'm wondering if there is a convenient way to update a struct with the values of  another struct in Matlab. Here is the code, with the use of fieldnames, numel and a for loop,  fn = fieldnames(new_values); for fi=1:numel(fn)     old_struct.(fn{fi}) = new_values.(fn{fi}); end   Of course, I don't want to loose the fields in old_struct that are not in new_values, so I can't use the simple old_struct=new_values.  Updating a struct is something we may want to do in a single short line in an interpreter.


confirmation of my Counting inversion experiment

I have written a mergesort(divide and conquer) algorithm and I want to use the following arrays to test if the inversion works efficiently..  So, i would just want to confirm the inversion for each of the following arrays .  1. {10,2,3,22,33,7,4,1,2} = 13 2. {4,5,6,1,2,3} = 9 3. {1,20,6,4,5} = 5 4. {3,1,2,0,4} = 5   are all these correct? I do know a question similar has been asked but I just want to confirm if my calculation was correct. with that, I can test my algorithm.Also, this is not an homework. I just want to be so so sure that I have the write inversion count so that i can test it against my code..


18.04 LTS won't let me re-login and shut down after failed apt get update

The machine was pretty slow already. However I decided to execute sudo apt-get update.  However the update stopped at 90% updating some trigger.  So I decided to log out and re login with user. However the system didn't let me log on any more.  So I decided to log on with an alternative user and triggered the update again, same message:   Unable to lock the administration directory (/var/lib/dpkg/) is another process using it?   Then I tried a shutdown. Now I just see the Ubuntu logo and white/red dots moving from left to right.  This machine is important for me, what's the best thing to do for me now?  Should I just switch off power and reboot?  Your help is very much appreciated!


Why doesn't the light from galaxies appear stretched?

Maybe it's my ignorance of astrophysics/cosmology, but I have been wondering this:  Why do galaxies not appear stretched when we observe them? Assuming a galaxy that we observe is 100,000 light years in diameter, and we are viewing at an angle that is almost sideways, but enough to see its shape, there would be a 100,000 year delay between what we see at the front of the galaxy versus the far end of the galaxy. So wouldn't it look all jumbled up instead of a perfect spiral?  At first, I thought that the Big Bang would explain this, because the light from that matter would have been there from the start, but that doesn't make sense when we consider that it took hundreds of thousands of years for the universe to clear up enough for photons to travel far in any direction without bouncing of of something. Also, if inflation theory is true, wouldn't that just reinforce the confusion about the delay in light, being that the universe expanded faster than light for an instant?  It's confusing, but if someone has an answer for this I'd appreciate the enlightenment.


cardinality of functions from N to N using Schröder–Bernstein theorem

Im trying to prove that $\left|A\right|=\aleph$ for the following group:  $A=\left\{f\in\mathbb{N}\rightarrow\left.\mathbb{N}\right|\forall n\le m\ .f\left(n\right)\le f\left(m\right)\right\}$  using Schröder–Bernstein theorem To prove that $\left|A\right|\le\aleph$ I used the fact that $A\subseteq\mathbb{N}\rightarrow\mathbb{N}$ and therefore $\left|A\right|\le\left|\mathbb{N}\rightarrow\mathbb{N}\right|=\aleph_0^{\aleph_0}=\aleph$ For the other side I think I found an injective function $f\in P\left(\mathbb{N}\right)\rightarrow(\mathbb{N}\rightarrow\mathbb{N})$ which given a set $B\in P\left(\mathbb{N}\right)$ it will return the identity on $B$. In that case i will get $\aleph=2^{\aleph_0}=\left|P\left(\mathbb{N}\right)\right|\le\left|A\right|$ Is that correct or I missed something in the way?


Can I install current version of ubuntu on a Dell Inspiron mini 10 (CPU=Atom Z530)?

Hopefully this is an easy question for the collected knowledge here.  I have an old Dell Inspiron mini 10 with a Atom Z530 CPU.  I am interested in installing ubuntu on it to run Kodi.  Due to it being 6 years old, would it be able to run the current version of ubuntu?  If it can, I'm looking at upping the RAM from 1Gb to 2Gb and installing a solid-state harddrive if it can handle that.


Difference between Time series and repeated measures analysis?

Can anyone please elaborate what is the difference between Time Series Analysis and Repeated Measures models?   Also, Can we forecast based on the Repeated Measures model having Time as a covariate?


In minecraft, how to make everyone in gamemode 1 except yourself gamemode 2

I'm trying to make a minecraft map and to prevent cheating i want to run a command on a clock that sets everyone in creative mode except myself back to adventure mode.


What is a short term for words that have more than one spelling?

Is there a word or short term for words that have multiple valid spellings that don't correspond to any differences in meaning or pronunciation? The different spellings can be described as "spelling variants", but I'm looking for a word to describe the words themselves. I don't consider the term "homophones" (or the more specific "heterographic homophones") to be applicable because I understand it to refer to words that have different meanings. A noun would be ideal ("Ax(e) is a(n) __") but an adjective that can modify a noun like word would be OK too ("Ax(e) is a(n) __ word"). To be clear, in this sentence I am using ax(e) to refer to the word itself, not to either of its two spelling variants. The word ax(e) is not a "variant" (n.): it comprises the two variant spellings <ax> and <axe>. I guess ax(e) could be described as a "variant word", using the adjective definition of variant that means something like "exhibiting variation", but I don't like this very much because it seems too ambiguous or unclear to me. However, if somebody can post an answer showing that "variant word" is some kind of established term for words like ax(e), I would be grateful for that information. I'm not looking for the word variant The questions  and  both look similar to mine, but neither has any answers that fit my sentence. I want to emphasize again that variant doesn't work for my purposes because I'm not looking for a word to describe the pair of spelling variants; I want a word to describe the single word corresponding to the multiple spelling variants. If no such word exists, what is a good phrase for this? I realize that such a word might not exist (as Pitarou's answer to the first linked question suggests); in that case, I'd be interested in hearing suggestions for a good multi-word term. The best I was able to come up with was "words with spelling variants not associated with different meanings or different pronunciations", which is pretty long.


How can I launch Google Chrome through terminal and get the terminal back for other commands?

If I launch Chrome using the command google-chrome then I can't use the terminal for any other operations until the Chrome instance is closed.   Is there any way to open Google Chrome by command line without loading the dynamic contents of Google Chrome into the terminal, so that I can use the terminal for other operations.


\begin{align} \displaystyle Γ(2.7) &= \int_{0}^{∞} x^{(2.7-1)} \cdot e^{(-x)} dx  \\[7pt] Γ(2.7)               &= 1.54968  \end{align}   I got this answer online, but I do not know how to get it. Would you please explain how to get the value of this gamma function?


Comments missing timestamp and MathJaX in Firefox ESR 52 (2019)

Similar symptoms to the last year's problem  and  and same workarounds: Either, open and close the Web Developer Inspector (Cntrl+Shift+C); Or, Restore-Maximize the browser window.  It's an old "unsupported" browser Firefox 52.9 32bit, so if not fixable, I'll keep using the Win+KeyDown & Win+KeyUp combination to re-render the page with corrupted comments. Not every page needs it. I look at the last comments: if they're missing a timestamp, there might be some MathJax missing too.  UPDATE: I was asked to edit the question to address that "Some community members have suggested a similar question that may solve your problem". Well, a reiteration that my Firefox is not supported, which I stated already in my question, does not solve my problem. I'm looking to collect workarounds here. Pressing a number of keys to resize the body is one solution, also please take a look at another thread  where I'm asking for an automatic Javascript user-script that would do the workaround for me each time after the page is loaded.


Open a direct file on the hard drive from Firefox (file:///)

I have a small PHP system I created for myself. This system contains a few .doc and .docx file documents. I want to be able to open them directly from the browser without downloading them.  I created a link: myfile. But Firefox does not open the link. href="http://localhost/myfile.docx" works fine - it offers me to download the file.  Any ideas on how I can do it? Do I need to change something in the Firefox options or security settings?


Finding an expression for the sum of n tems of the series $1^2 + 2^2 + 3^2 + ... + n^2$

I know that if you have a non-arithmetic or geometric progression, you can find a sum $S$ of a series with the formula $S=f(n+1)-f(1)$ where the term $u_n$ is $u_n=f(n+1)-f(n)$. Then you can prove that with induction. What I don't understand is how I should go about finding the function $f(n)$. For example if I want to calculate the sum to $n$ terms of the series $1^2 + 2^2 + 3^2 +  ... + n^2$ then, according to my textbook, my $f(n)$ function should be a polynomial with degree one more than the degree of a term in my sequence - so because the $n$th term in the sequence is $P(n)=n^2$ then the function $f(n)$ should be $f(n)=an^3+bn^2+cn+d$. But how did they know that it should look like that and how do I gain some intuition into finding that function to help me solve similar problems in the future?


Why must the speed of light be the universal speed limit for all the fundamental forces of nature?

Einstein discovered from studying the electrodynamics of moving bodies, that the speed of light $c_{em}$ is the same for observers, which move relative to each other with a constant velocity. But why must the speed of light be also the universal speed limit for all the other fundamental interactions (gravity, weak and strong force)? Why must $c_{em} = c_{g} = c_{weak} = c_{strong}$ ?


Rotating A 2D Cannon Based On Mouse Position

I'm creating a game like bubble shooter, I have a cannon which is in the image bellow:   I want to rotate the cannon based on mouse position.  So far I tried various solutions I found over the web but non of them are working, I know that I only need to rotate the cannon on the Z axis because this is a 2D game, so I don't touch X and Y axis.  Does anybody know how can I rotate the cannon based on mouse position?   Or at least provide me a sample script on where to start.  Thank You.


Followed  to install wine.  After adding repository installed wine using:   sudo apt-get install wine1.7  But I get the following error:  The following packages have unmet dependencies:  wine1.7 : Depends: wine1.7-i386 (= 1:1.7.34-0ubuntu1~ppa1) but it is not installable E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.   So I tried:  sudo apt-get install wine1.7-i386   But it did not work.  Can someone help me please?


RegEx matching for non-IP addresses lines

There is a text with IP addresses on each line as well arbitrary ones with digits/dots. How can I match only lines that are not IP addresses?  10.123.34.12   asdADSas 3242 .  10.123.34.12   Empty lines are OK.  How do I solve this problem?


I asked  yesterday, but did not get a satisfactory response.  So let me restate $$\frac {\sqrt x}{2}=-1$$ $$\implies\sqrt x=-2$$ We can square with the restriction $\sqrt x<0$ $$x=4,\sqrt x<0$$And indeed we see that $\sqrt 4 =\pm 2$ and given the condition $\sqrt x<0$ we get $-2/2=-1$. One possible explanation might be we only take the positive square root, to maintain square root as a function. In this case my question is why cannot square root be a function in this case(when $-ve$ values are included)? Another explanation might be that for $x$ to be a solution, then both positive and negative values must equal $-1$ when divided by $+2$. Is this a issue with terminology? P.S. The question arose from @eisenstein's comments on  to my previous post.


"Network is unreachable" when attempting to ping google, but internal addresses work

I can get to other PCs in my house on the 192 network, but trying to go outside gives me the "network is unreachable" message.   p3p1 is up with a good IP Address.  Running Fedora 16.  What should I do next to troubleshoot?   All other PCs in the house are working (Windows, Mac).


Show that $\mathbb{Q}(\sqrt{2})$ is a field.

Proof: Since $\mathbb{Q}$ is a field, then $\mathbb{Q}$ is a domain.  (Theorem: if $R$ is a domain, then $R[x]$ is a field.)  By the theorem, $\mathbb{Q}[x]$ is a field.  So, letting $x = \sqrt{2}$, we get $\mathbb{Q}[\sqrt{2}]$ is a field. QED.  I am wondering if this is an acceptable proof? Also, I am wondering if it can be proven using facts of irreducibility? Isn't this what Galois Theory is about? I am curious, thanks.


A: "Cablegram for Mr.Smith"  B: "I am him."  B: "I mean, I am he."  Why the correction? What difference does it make?  Similarly: "I am not her" / "I am not she"?


Showing that $x_{n+1} = 1/2(x_n + 2/x_n)$ is a decreasing sequence.

I need to show that $x_{n+1} = 1/2(x_n + 2/x_n)$ is a decreasing sequence, where $x_1 = 2$ and n = 1,2,3,....  I tried to show this with induction, where since $x_1= 2$ then $x_2 = 1.5$, hence the base case satisfies.  Assuming that $x_n \geq x_{n+1}$ , I need to prove that $x_{n+1} \geq x_{n+2}$.  I started with the statement $x_n \geq x_{n+1} \Rightarrow \frac{1}{x_n} \leq \frac{1}{x_{n+1}}$  Also, $x_n \geq x_{n+1}$ then $\frac{1}{2}(x_n + \frac{2}{x_{n+1}}) \geq \frac{1}{2}(x_{n+1} + \frac{2}{x_{n+1}})$  $= \frac{1}{2}(x_n + \frac{2}{x_{n+1}} - \frac{2}{x_n} + \frac{2}{x_n})  \geq x_{n+2} $  $= x_{n+1} - \frac{1}{x_n} + \frac{1}{x_{n+1}}  \geq x_{n+2} $  since $- \frac{1}{x_n} + \frac{1}{x_{n+1}} \geq 0$  then I cannot say that  $ x_{n+1} \geq x_{n+2} $  How do I proceed forward?  Edit:  Since $x_1 = 2$, hence $1 \leq x_1 \leq 2$ holds for base case.  If I assume that $1 \leq x_n \leq 2 $ and show that $1 \leq x_{n+1} \leq 2 $ then by induction we can say that $1 \leq x_n \leq 2 \:\forall n$  I have shown this as:  $x_{n+1} = \frac{x_n}{2} + \frac{1}{x_n}, \: now \: since\:1 \leq x_n\leq2\:\Rightarrow x_{n+1} \leq \frac{1}{2}(2 + \frac{2}{1}) = 2$  Also by AM GM inequality, $x_n \geq \sqrt{2} \: \: \forall n$  Now all that I have to show is that $x_n  \geq x_{n+1} \: \forall n?$


Miss my flight on purpose to get 24h layover at connecting city

At the end of this month I have a flight from St. Lucia to New York and then New York to Phoenix where I live. There is a 24 hour layover in New York so I figured I would stay an extra day.  In order to change my flight and cancel the existing reservation to change it was about $500. I could book with a separate airline and it will cost a fourth of that. My question is:  If I miss my flight from New York to Phoenix and take a flight with a different airline, will I be OK?


How can I open the connection of my local apache server to external connections?


Unbalanced sample size and average estimates logistic regressions

It's my first time here, so sorry if I'm too direct.  I'm dealing with a 0-1 variable that I want to model (logistic regression) but sample sizes are very unbalanced (2489 data, only 58 are positive) so models can converge. I was thinking about the possibility of randomly sampling 58 negative cases, so I can run a balanced logistic regression. I did it, n-times, and I wonder how I can "average" my results. One option, with univariate models, is simply show the CI for the estimates obtained from the n-models obtained, but my question is how to deal with models including more than one predictor. There is an option in R to do that? or manually, how can I do it (I can do it as with univariate models, but I'm not sure if this is fine)? How to decide which explanatory variables are actually contributing to explain variability in the dependent variable? any advice is welcome.


Error with static method setting static value of a class

Trying to compile:  Glider.h:  class Glider { public:  static int RuleNumber;  static void SetRuleNumber(const int RuleNmb); };   Glider.cpp:  #include "Glider.h"  void Glider::SetRuleNumber(const int RuleNmb) { Glider::RuleNumber=RuleNmb; return; };   Produces:  1>Glider.cpp 1>Glider.obj : error LNK2001: unresolved external symbol "public: static int Glider::RuleNumber" (?  RuleNumber@Glider@@2HA) fatal error LNK1120: 1 unresolved externals   What is wrong with this code? Can't figure it out. Using newest Visual Studio.


Console.Readline() to integer conversion

What I am trying to achieve is write a very simple console program that continuously asks the user to enter a number or "ok" if he wants to exit. When he enters ok, the sum of all the previously entered numbers (integers) is shown inside the console. This is the code: class Program     {         static void Main(string[] args)         {             int sum = 0;             while (true)             {                 Console.WriteLine("Please enter a number. Or \"Ok\" if you want to exit.");                 if (Console.ReadLine().ToLower() == "ok")                 {                     Console.WriteLine(sum);                     break;                 }                 else                 {                     var s1 = Console.ReadLine();                     sum += int.Parse(s1.Trim('\r', '\n'));                 }             }          }     }  From similar questions on stackoverflow I understood that the string obtained through Console.Readline(), as long as we pass the number in (no letters etc.), should be easily converted to int with int.Parse. However, with the code above I get a System.FormatException: input string not in the correct format. The same happens when not using the Trim() method.


How I can fix the error: Malformed entry 1 in list file /etc/apt/sources.list.d/dotnetdev.list (Component)?

I tried use remove malformed by doing follow this: , but it's not successful.  And after I type: sudo apt update, the result is still not change:  This is:  E: The list of sources could not be read.  E: Malformed entry 1 in list file /etc/apt/sources.list.d/dotnetdev.list (Component)  E: The list of sources could not be read.


How does classical GR concept of space-time emerge from string theory?

First, I'll state some background that lead me to the question.  I was thinking about quantization of space-time on and off for a long time but I never really looked into it any deeper (mainly because I am not yet quite fluent in string theory). But the recent discussion about  got me thinking about the topic again. Combined with the fact that it has been more or less decided that , I decided I should give it a go.    So, first some of my (certainly very naive) thoughts.  It's no problem to quantize gravitational waves on a curved background. They don't differ much from any other particles we know. But what if we want the background itself to change in response to movement of the matter and quantize these processes? Then I would imagine that space-time itself is built from tiny particles (call them space-timeons) that interact by means of exchanging gravitons. I drawed this conclusion from an analogy with how solid matter is built from atoms in a lattice and interact by means of exchanging phonons.  Now, I am aware that the above picture is completely naive but I think it must in some sense also be correct. That is, if there exists any reasonable notion of quantum gravity, it has to look something like that (at least on the level of QFT).  So, having come this far I decided I should not stop. So let's move one step further and assume string theory is correct description of the nature. Then all the particles above are actually strings. So I decided that space-time must probably arise as condensation of huge number of strings. Now does this make any sense at all? To make it more precise (and also to ask something in case it doesn't make a sense), I have two questions:        In what way does the classical space-time arise as a limit in the string theory? Try to give a clear, conceptual description of this process. I don't mind some equations, but I want mainly ideas.   Is there a good introduction into this subject? If so, what is it? If not, where else can I learn about this stuff?      Regarding 2., I would prefer something not too advanced. But to give you an idea of what kind of literature might be appropriate for my level: I already now something about classical strings, how to quantize them (in different quantization schemes) and some bits about the role of CFT on the worldsheets. Also I have a qualitative overview of different types of string theories and also a little quantitative knowledge about moduli spaces of Calabi-Yau manifolds and their properties.


How to compare group means for two samples with t-test using R?

Context  I need to compare two groups of students. Students of these groups did some work, which later was evaluated. Now I have the values of the accuracy of every student. Here are the results:     0.2   0.065   0.123   0.075   0.181   0.054   0.185   0.106   0.142   and      0.269   0.357   0.2   0.221   0.275   0.277   0.253   0.127   0.246   I would like to check if the first group was better in terms of accuracy than the second group. As the samples are small I thought about using t test to compare the samples.  H0 hypothesis was that the accuracy of both groups are equal  H1 hypothesis was that the accuracy of the 1st group was greater than the accuracy of the 2nd group.  I used the following R function:  t.test(precisionAdHoc$adhoc, precisionH4U$H4U, "g", 0, FALSE, TRUE, 0.95)   where precisionAdHoc$adhoc holds the data from the first group and precisionH4U$4HU holds the data from the second group.   I got the following result:  data:  precisionAdHoc$adhoc and precisionH4U$H4U  t = -4.3687, df = 16, p-value = 0.9998 alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is greater than 0  95 percent confidence interval:  -0.1701334        Inf  sample estimates: mean of x mean of y  0.1256667 0.2472222    Questions   Did I use the t.test function correctly? If not, what did I get wrong? and how should I correct it? If the function was correct, how should I interpret the results?


As I was going through a few examples of $3×3$ orthogonal matrices I observed a property in them that $$ \lvert\det A\rvert=\lvert\det B\rvert $$ where $A$ is upper left corner $2×2$ matrix and $B$ is lower right corner $1×1$ matrix. If this is true is there some way of proving it?


Encoding version or configuration on PCB

I need to encode information about either version or configuration on the board/electrically, so the firmware can detect which board layout is used.  What options are possible and what are their pro/cons?


"going to" definition, does it imply intent?

I have had a debate with one of my friends about this little game:  "1 rabbit saw 9 elephants while going to the river. Every elephant saw 3 monkeys going to the river. Each monkey had 1 tortoise in each hand. How many animals are going to the river?"  Answers:   4 - if you could rabbit and monkeys (which are described as "going to" the river)  10 - if you are counting tortoises in monkeys' hands 19 - if you assume all   my argument is that the tortoises are not "going to", but are being either "taken to" or "move towards" river. That's what I would say if someone holds me and goes to the river.  my friend's argument is that because they move towards the river, they are "going to" the river. he gave example of me being in the car.  Me: If I don't intend to go there, I'm being "taken to", even if in the car.  Question: does "going to" implies intent of the subject ?


There are infinitely many choices of $(\alpha_1,\dots,\alpha_n)$ such that $f(\alpha_1,\dots,\alpha_n)\neq 0$

I'm trying to solve this exercise in the page 10 of this     Maybe I'm forgetting something, but I couldn't solve this exercise, I need a hint or something to begin to solve this question.  Thanks in advance


“Odd” method of determening area of a triangle using (no trigonometry)

While learning some basic programming, I came across a (to me) very strange method of calculating the area of a triangle.  In Javascript, this was expressed as:  var perimeter = (side1 + side2 + side3)/2;   var area =  Math.sqrt(perimeter*((perimeter-side1)*(perimeter-side2)*(perimeter-side3)));      This can be mathematically represented as following:  $$A_\triangle=\sqrt{d\Biggl(( d-a )(d-b)(d-c) \Biggr) }$$ where $d$ equals to half of the sum of the length of the three sides of the triangle, and $a$, $b$, and $c$ represent the three different lengths respectively.   I cannot, either by expanding or just 'looking' at the equation, figure out why this works (I assume it does so after testing with a few example triangles).  If any kind (and clever) soul could explain why this works, It'd much appreciated.


After purge clams 6 time in salt water 20 mins each, why they still exudate much grime?

I'll add my own pic the next time I buy clams, but  shows my problem.    I  buy clams at Pusateri and Whole Food Market for a year in Toronto. They sell them on ice, not in running water.       Place all the clams in a bowl and fill it with cool tap water. We’ve also heard that adding cornmeal or black pepper to the water will encourage the clams to spit out more sand.      Let the clams sit for 20 minutes to an hour. During this time, they will spit out the sand from inside their shells.      When you’re ready to cook, lift each clam from the water and scrub it to clean any particles or grit from the outside surface. It’s better to lift them individually because straining them into a colander would dump the sand back on top.   I repeat this 6 times...so 20 mins x 6 times = 120 mins of soaking!!! Clams exudate less grime every next time, but even after 6 times, water still has much grime! Why? This happening for a year!         I know I ask similar question for  but clams different! Clams don't have byssus.


I use QGIS in my daily work, but since a few months back I'm unable to do this due the OpenLayers plugin no longer being functional. When I try to load a background map nothing happen - the canvas remains white. I have tried it on several computers and the same problem occurs. I use the latest version of QGIS (Lyon).


some people have made distributions based on Ubuntu and they're charging a price for it. Is this legal?


How to automatically stay updated with the latest mainline kernel?

Ubuntu manages a list of . If I wish to stay updated on a specific major revision (3.12.x), how can I automate this? And how do I stop Software Updater from suggesting 3.11.x kernels when searching for new updates.


How gradient effect in mockup is made using Photoshop?

I found this cool design in Dribbble and wonder how these layers of curves are made in Photoshop. Buildings in the background is also blended well. Is there any proper method to blend them into the background layer? Or is it just made by reducing the opacity level? Would appreciate if there are links which explains what kind of design it is or guidelines to build them.   Thanks in Advance :)    My try is here:


Why so many giant pits in the structures of the starwars universe?

I just noticed there are lots of really big pits in the starwars universe, some examples are:     Is there a reason?


How to remove only the parent element and not its child elements in JavaScript?

Let's say:
   pre text

child foo

child bar
     nested text
   post text
   to this:
   pre text
child foo

child bar
   nested text   post text
   I've been figuring out using Mootools, jQuery and even (raw) JavaScript, but couldn't get the idea how to do this.


Does running away from pokemon while chaining stop the chain?

Many have said you need a pokemon with a lot of pp-- I'm assuming its because you can't,  but I just legit found a shiny horsea while looking for timid or modest and running away from claunchers.  Do you have to fight or catch all of the pokemon you want to continue the chain? I just want to know how rare this horsea is. Its hasty nature, icyww.


Just out of curiosity, why was this cheeky badge retired? Was it because it was self-deprecating? Did it encourage no-answer questions?


I am looking for a way to edit and enforce log on hours for individual users on a machine.   So far, from what I have been able to find, 2 tools (timekpr and gnome nanny) arent available for use in the newer versions of Ubuntu.  I tired using PAM and editing the time.conf file located in /etc/security/ to set log on hours for users, however, it didnt seem to work. No matter what I set, after rebooting it didnt enforce the rules that I set.   How can I set log on hours for users? Are there any other programs or applications that help with this? Im using Ubuntu 13.10.  Also, are there any applications that allow me to manager user accounts remotely from another machine, sort of like how MMC console in Windows works?


Epimorphism of sheaves is locally surjective on sections

Let $\phi:\mathcal{F}\to\mathcal{G}$ be a morphism of sheaves of $R$-modules over a topological space $X$.  I'm aware of the fact that $\phi$ is an epimorphism $\Leftrightarrow \phi_x$ is surjective forall $x\in X$.  I'm trying to prove/disprove the following:     $\phi$ is an epimorphism $\Leftrightarrow $ every $x\in X$ has an open neighbourhood $U\subset X$ such that $\phi_U:\mathcal{F}(U)\to\mathcal{G}(U)$ is surjective.   The converse $(\Leftarrow)$ is easy, since if $\phi_U$ is surjective, clearly $\phi_x$ is surjective and by arbitrariness of $x$, $\phi$ is an epimorphism.  For $(\Rightarrow)$, I don't know if it's possible to find such $U$.  Any suggestions? Is this just false?


I have a little question about variables. My main language is Java (and I'm learning Python) so, I have a problem calling a variable in a function, it doesn't refresh its new value:  # Values global e1x, e1y, e1c, e2x, e2y, e2c, altx, alty, x, y  def getValues():     print("Taking Ax + By = C:")     e1x = float(input("Value of x in first equation: "))     #...     if(confirm()): # A function I ommited 'cause its irrelevant         return e1x, e1y, e1c, e2x, e2y, e2c     else:         getValues()  def calculateValues():     # Stuff with variables   # MAIN getValues() calculateValues()   I tried to write it without the global, tried to use the self word but, It doesn't work. (Using Python 3)  ERROR:   Traceback (most recent call last):    File "E002_GaussSeidel.py", line 41, in <module>       calculateValues()    File "E002_GaussSeidel.py", line 34, in calculateValues       print(str(e1x))  NameError: name 'e1x' is not defined


How to deal with low-graphics mode on startup?

Recently on every startup I get error unable to detect graphics settings (this is from memory, so the message is not exact).  I am then offered to run in low-graphics mode for one session (other options offered do not work). Since this mode is perfectly fine, I would like to set it to run always without those error messages. How to do that?  The error in logs that I am given access to at that point is: x server is already running and goes on about existing .lock file.  Update. It seems that removing lightdm solved the issue for me, getting me exactly what i wanted.


why debug statement show Id instead of name while test class execution?

I run the test class and try to capture the permission set name in debug. But i got Id than name. Any reason why I am getting this ? Please help me to understand.  See the image, what i query in return what i got !


As a bulk sender, is there a way to make Gmail show my avatar?    I would like to obtain this without creating a Google Account.  Maybe embedding my vCard? Or maybe ?


I'm working on QGIS 2.18.13 version on my Mac. Now I want to change to 2.18.15 version. On Windows, it's really easy to make.  After uninstalling from the control panel, you go through the .qgis2 to remove it and it's completely gone. However, on Mac, I can't find this folder.  Could you please describe to me the method to follow to uninstall it?


Application not running, but dock thinks it is, so i can't quit/open it

This has happened to multiple applications so far, i'm not sure what causes it, but it seems to happen after force quitting (sometimes).  First, you force quit it, and it does, but the dock shows that it is still open, but not responding. If you go to activity monitor, it does not show up. When you try to use the killall command by name, it tells you "No matching processes belonging to you were found". If you drag the file location into terminal, it still does not work. Deleting (using the rm command, as moving to trash does not work as finder claims the application is running) and reinstalling does not do anything, so i believe it has to do with the dock, or something else on the mac, not the application itself.  OS X Yosemite Version 10.10.3  Edit:  My guess as to what might've happened is the application quit, but the computer never got any indication that it did for whatever reason, so telling it to quit does nothing, but you're not allowed to open an already open application, so you can't open or close it.  Things that do not work:  Terminal : killall Dock   Terminal : killall Finder  Applescript : tell application "(application name)" to activate  Finder Menu : Relaunch


Ring homomorphisms from $\mathbb{Z}_n$ to $\mathbb{Z}_m$

I'm trying to find the ring homomorphisms from $\mathbb{Z}_n$ to $\mathbb{Z}_m$.    What I think is the answer is two cases:   1) If $m \gt n $ there is no ring homomorphism.  2) Otherwise, the homomorphism sends each element $x$  in $\mathbb{Z}_n$ to $(x \bmod m)$ in $\mathbb{Z}_m$.  Is this correct?  EDIT: Part of the ring homomorphism definition is that 1 is sent to 1


How accurate is it to say I might would, if I could? Just reading on the intricacies of can and may and it got me curious.


Nice answer and Enlightened achievements refers to the question in the iOS app

Recently I've got "Nice answer" badge and noticed that tapping on related achievement item in the iOS app refers me to the question instead of the answer:        Using web achievements panel refers to the answer as expected.  Same behavior for "Enlightened" badge.   App Version: 1.7.0.1 Device: Unknown (iPad7,3) OS Version: Version 10.3.3 (Build 14G60)


I have asked the same question in ELL stackexchange, but unfortunately haven't received enough answer/comment. The one answer I got is not satisfactory. So that's the reason I am asking it here again. .  I have seen in some cases prepositions are omitted before some noun phrases. And it's explained that those phrases are actually an adverb phrases. But I know a simple thing. If the head of the phrase is a noun, it's a noun phrase. If the head of the phrase is an adverb it is an adverb phrase. For example -   Look both ways before crossing the road. [both ways is a noun phrase, where the head is ways, but still there is no preposition.]  He approached me in a friendly way. [a friendly way is a noun phrase, where the head is way, but as expected unlike sentence #1 it's preceded by the preposition in. And I have never seen this phrase is used without a preposition. I believe dropping the preposition is wrong, according to the grammar.]  She made a pickle a different way from her mother. [a different way is a noun phrase, where the head is way, but strangely there is no preposition before it. But I have seen examples of a different way used both with prepositions and without prepositions. I think the preposition here is optional.]    Now from these example sentences I have tried to demonstrate my problem/confusing area. My question is - 1. When a noun phrase is used as an adverb phrase? 2. When before a noun phrase the placement of preposition is obligatory (like sentence #2)? And where it's optional (like sentence #3)? And where placing the preposition is wrong (like sentence #1)?


Functions Considered as Objects in JavaScript

I am new to JavaScript (and StackOverflow) and am hoping to get some help on a problem that has bothered me for some time. I understand that functions are considered objects in JS. A function is different from an object in the sense that it can execute code. This may be a very simple and straightforward question to some of you veteran folks. I don't understand how the code works below. Essentially there is a function count() that returns an anonymous counter function. keepCount points to the anonymous function (an object, of course) that count() returns.   function count() {     var num = 0;     return function(correct) {         if (correct)             num++;         return num;     }  }  var keepCount = count();  keepCount(true); // num is 1  keepCount(true); // num is 2 keepCount(true); // 3 keepCount(true); // 4 console.log(keepCount(true)); // Call it again and print. It is 5.     My question: What is causing the result of num to be 'saved' or recorded with each function call? Isn't num a variable local to count() — the outer function? num does not appear to be a property of the anonymous function. I suspect the answer has something to do with the fact that functions are considered objects in JS, and that a local variable can be continuously updated in the variable object of count(). A new variable object is not produced for count() with each call of the anonymous function. I would also appreciate comments on the formatting of this question and all. I want to be sure that I am following StackOverflow guidelines properly. I also hope that the details of the question make sense. Please let me know if anyone requires clarification.


What are the pros and cons of PostGIS geography and geometry types?

My company uses geometry (the_geom) data type for storing geospatial data.   I've recently been acquainted to the concept of geography (the_geog) data type which, as I understand it, stores the SRID along with the geometry.  What are the differences between geography and geometry, and is there any advantage of using one of them in large databases?


Is a period after an abbreviation the same as an end of sentence period?

Does latex do anything special with periods?  If so, is there a way to differentiate end-of-sentence periods from periods indicating abbreviation?


How long does a Borg drone live for, if not endangered and 'nature' is allowed to take it's course? I know that they still mature, case in point Seven of Nine who was assimilated as a child. Do Borg drones get age past maturity though, can they get old and die? If so how're they disposed of?


Do Apex collection classes implement Iterable interface? I want to write a generic function that can take any of the collection classes that support foreach. Is this possible?


I have a database with movies and I have movie as a class. I am tring to get the movies from the database loaded into my GUI, but i cannot seem to get them into my arraylist. I get a null exception and I don't see where I'm going wrong.  public ArrayList getMovies(ArrayList movieList2) {     movieList = movieList2;     Connection con = null;     try {         con = DriverManager.getConnection(                 databaseURL, user, password);         Statement sta = con.createStatement();           ResultSet res = sta.executeQuery(                 "SELECT * FROM MOVIES");         System.out.println("List of Movies: ");         while (res.next()) {             Movie movie = new Movie();             movie.setTitle(res.getString((String)"Title"));             movie.setYear(res.getInt("Yearmade"));             movie.setGenre(res.getString("Genre"));             movie.setDuration(res.getInt("Duration"));             movie.setActors(res.getString("Actor"));             movie.setDirector(res.getString("Director"));             movieList2.add(movie);         System.out.println(movie);         }         res.close();         sta.close();         con.close();     } catch (Exception e) {         System.err.println("Exception: " + e.getMessage());     }     System.out.println(movieList2);     return movieList2; }   This is output from the stacktrace run:  List of Movies:  Exception: null null BUILD SUCCESSFUL (total time: 0 seconds)  public static void main(String[] args) {     controller.getMovies(movieList); }


I am currently developing a kind of Football Website. I have 2 external files included on my main file. One for the ajax post data (ajax.php), and another with a form (form.php). PS: All the scripts are on main file (main.php)    On my main file i use <?php include 'form.php'; ?> to call the form page. On that form.php file i have a Dropdown Menu with all the countries retrieved from database.    In main.php (where all the scripts are) i use jQuery to get the countryID that user clicked, then i post it to my ajax file so it can return all the teams from a specific country.     Ajax file return:
id' class='res1' id='$row->name' name='res1'> $row->name &nbsp;
   And then i append it to another Dropdown menu on form.php.  The problem is when i try to know which team user clicked (to show image team at bottom) it does not recognize it. I already tried $(document).ready(function(){ ... } but it still does not work.    I use this code to get the click:    $(".res1").click(function(ev){       var rel = $(this).prop('rel');       var name = $(this).prop('id');       $.ajax(         {         type: "POST",         url: "ajax.php",         data: {          subid: rel,         postName: 'res1'         },         success: function (result) {               $('#imageE1').empty();           $('#imageE1').append('
IMAGE
');         } });     ev.preventDefault(); });   I think the problem is that all the script are on my main.php file, and it can't reach the form.php dropdown when ajax.php returns the list. But when i move the scripts to form.php file they simply stop working.


How many Ubuntu users are there worldwide ?

Was just wondering if there is any solid data available as to how many people are using ubuntu. I was also interested in the attrition rate with ubuntu users, etc.


On the list of  the non-English Stack Overflow sites do not have a properly localized description   The Russian one should read as  Сайт вопросов и ответов для программистов  The Portuguese one should read as  Site de perguntas e respostas para programadores profissionais e entusiastas  I don't know Japanese, so I don't know what it should look like.


My mum can't find her apple ID on her iPad. I'm not with her at the moment and do not have an iPad so I don't know where to look.  She already has an Apple ID set up on this iPad, so I don't want to set up another one.


How to pass key value pair as an arg from java command line

Need to pass command line args as a key value. As I have 6-7 input arguments of different type and I dont remember the key name if I accept them as a array of string  public void main(String arg[]){}  How can I fetch key value pair without doing any split or anything. Is there a library that supports fetching value of arguments by passing key name. In what format I should pass? In what format I should fetch data passing key ?


RSA - What to do when message is greater than N

Exmple: $e=3, n=33$ and $d =7$ and Message is $64$.


I am trying to update list field using ItemAdding,  public override void ItemAdding(SPItemEventProperties properties)     {           SPListItem curListItem = properties.ListItem;         curListItem.Web.AllowUnsafeUpdates = true; // This property should be set to true for the update to go through         curListItem["Age"] = "";         curListItem.Update(); // This line should update the ListItem but it doesnt      }   UPDATE    public override void ItemAdding(SPItemEventProperties properties)     {          string empty = "";         properties.AfterProperties["Age"] = empty;         base.ItemAdding(properties);      }


Where can I set the default terminal emulator?

GNOME Terminal shows up in several places:   launchers which start terminal commands the Launch Terminal keyboard shortcut the menu items added by nautilus-open-terminal   Does each of these explicitly specify GNOME Terminal, or is there some centralized setting they reference?  I have checked for:   A setting in System Settings ▸ System Info ▸ Default Applications An analog of  or  An environment variable containing gnome-terminal. This one actually looks hopeful:  $ env | grep gnome-terminal COLORTERM=gnome-terminal   but I'm not sure where to go with it.   If such a setting exists, my goal is to change it to use a different terminal emulator by default.


I'm reading a program in (.NET) C++ made by someone else, and I can't figure out what this means:  BinaryWriter^ file = gcnew BinaryWriter( File::Open( "Data.al", FileMode::OpenOrCreate ));   What DOES the ^ do in this sentence?  and what about this:  void GetEEDataRx(array<Byte> ^%EE)   What is the purpose of the ^%


How can I get juju running on eucalyptus?

I've a small private cloud running on UEC 11.04 and Eucalyptus, and everything works fine. But I still look for a software deployment solution better  than writing scripts manually. The new juju seems perfect for my purpose . And even though the  says it can only support EC2 (currently),  I've seen someone has show a environment.yaml .   But when I try it to bootstrap from a similar config, juju will throw HTTP 500 ERROR or still connect to AWS and complained that the access keys is not in records.  So does anyone run juju on OpenStack or Eucalyptus successfully ? I couldn't find any article about it. Or can somebody tell me the main difficult to implement that ?  Thanks!


Changing my Gateway MX6448 laptop out from Windows XP  Downloaded Ubuntu 13.10.   Cannot find a way to get my wireless network be detected.  I have Broadcom BCM4311 wireless but cannot find any settings for it in the operating system. The wireless router that I am using is a Netgear n300 model # WNR2000.   I am also using a MacBook Pro and Mac Pro within the network. What can I do?


How to remap my UV without messing with textures already applied to a mesh?

The title says it all but i'll give further details. I have a 3D mesh on which I have already applied some textures, but i didn't care about uv mapping it the proper way. The problem is I figured out I must care about that now but I don't wanna retexture it from scratch. Is there a way to remap the UV while keeping the texture intact in its place?


I have searched on various websites that it does not seem possible to integrate x^x? But my friend Wesley said that x^x could be integrated by using puiseux series. I have looked up puisex series on Wikipedia, but it only says it is a generalization of the power series, but does not mention how it is related to integrating x^x? Could anyone help me clarify my doubts on how puiseux series is related to integration of x^x?  Wikipedia Link:


Late 70s Early 80s Children's SF Book Series

Basic premise was a space-crew who were in some sort of rescue role. The books in the series featured a space-ship which was illustrated as very similar to the "Discovery" from "2001", but was based from a 10,000 person wheel-shaped space colony. The crew wore track-suit style outfits (70s futuristic trope) and they had an alien that was a pink blob which communicated via a small computer attached to it, which printed out messages.   One adventure has the crew encountering a ship full of the pink blob aliens.   In another they have to rescue a colony on Venus by dropping the alien into a jammed landing dome.   In another the ship goes out of control and they encounter a long-lost space-colony where the inhabitants have grown into giants.  My local library only ever seemed to have a few books from the whole series. Some of the titles on the cover end-notes sounded quite good.


Adding zero in front of small decimal places

so when I'm coding Im trying to have the output print out 0.12 instead of .12. Here is my code below  echo -n "What is the total cost? "; read cents cost=$(echo "scale =2;$cost_in_cents/100" | bc); percent=$(echo "scale =2;$percent / 100" | bc); tip=$(echo "scale =2;$cost*$percent" | bc); overall_cost=$(echo "scale =2;$cost+$tip" | bc); average_cost=$(echo "scale =2;$overall_cost/${#GUESTS[@]}" | bc);   the output again gives me the correct output of .12 but I need a zero before the decimal place. Thanks in advance!


Does D&D 5th edition need a board to play on?

I am aware that some books in the 5th edition of d&d needs board to be played on, but the cashier of the shop I was buying the adventure book (Hoard of the Dragon Queen) said that the adventure didn't need a board. And now, I'm a little bit confused over how that works. Because how is the combat going to work without a board to play the battles on?


How do I reenable Quack Overflow if I disabled it?

I accidentally disabled Quack Overflow after asking it one question. How do I reenable it?


Consider the following few classes and interfaces :   class Program {     interface I { void foo(); }      abstract class A : I     {         public virtual void foo() { Console.WriteLine("A"); }     }      class B : A     {         public new virtual void foo() { Console.WriteLine("B"); }     }      class C : B     {         public override void foo() { Console.WriteLine("C"); }     }      static void Main(string[] args)     {         var c = new C();         (c as I).foo();         (c as A).foo();         (c as B).foo();     } }   It outputs :      A A C   where I would (naively) expect "C C C"  if indeed I replace "new virtual" by "override" in class B, that is what I get.   In the MSIL, I get   .method public hidebysig newslot virtual instance void foo () cil managed    instead of   method public hidebysig virtual instance void foo () cil managed    What does "new virtual" on a method?   Ho can you explain the behavior of my program?


running console application from batch file with command line arguments, How to pass arguments value at run time?

I have a VB.net console application with command line arguments. Like ("-Arg1=Value1 -Arg2=Value2 -Arg3="Value 3") this i'm passing arguments from project properties -> Debug ->Command line arguments.  My plan is to run this console application from batch(.bat) file. I can able to run like this.  @echo off  D:\Project\Bin\Debug\abc.exe %* -Arg1=Value1 -Arg2=Value2 -Arg3="Value 3"   But my expectation is while running console application it need to ask values for    -Arg1, -Arg2 & -Arg3   I need to pass values at run time.


Could someone explain the grammar to me - use of "be changed" in The report recommends that radar screens be changed. Why it is used like this? What does this usage should express? Where (under what name)I could study it in detail? Thank you in advance. Edi


How many displays/monitors can a Mac Mini 2020 M1 support? There are 2 USB4 ports and one HDMI. Don't count DisplayLink and AirPlay displays.


If a character can make multiple attacks as part of an Attack action, do all of them need to be done with a light weapon to use Two-Weapon Fighting?

The  rule states:  When you take the Attack action and attack with a light melee weapon that you're holding in one hand, you can use a bonus action to attack with a different light melee weapon that you're holding in the other hand.  If the character can make multiple attacks as part of the Attack action, do all of them need to be done with a light melee weapon to qualify for making the bonus-action attack? Specifically, can I make one attack with a light melee weapon in one hand and make one bite attack with a natural weapon, and then use my bonus action to make an attack with a second light melee weapon in the other hand?


I know there is an option to add an hdri environment texture in the shader/node editor, but is this the only option in blender 2.9? only asking because I have not found an option to add one in the "world" tab.


What is the preferred way to remove spaces from a string in C++? I could loop through all the characters and build a new string, but is there a better way?


OS errors : kernel: EDAC k8 MC0: extended error code: ECC chipkill x4

We noticed the server crashes with below errors. Not sure it is related to any defected piece of the hardware or totally not related to   Server detail:Red Hat Enterprise Linux ES release 4 (Nahant Update 6) [root@athena log]# uname -a Linux athena.nsdecatur.local 2.6.9-67.0.7.ELsmp #1 SMP Wed Feb 27 04:47:23 EST 2008 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux  messages  Sep 17 15:08:16 athena kernel: EDAC k8 MC0: general bus error: participating processor(local node response), time-out(no timeout) memory transaction type(generic read), mem or i/o(mem access), cache level(generic) Sep 17 15:08:16 athena kernel: MC0: CE page 0x2c2766, offset 0xb10, grain 8, syndrome 0xac08, row 1, channel 0, label "": k8_edac Sep 17 15:08:16 athena kernel: MC0: CE - no information available: k8_edac Error Overflow set Sep 17 15:08:16 athena kernel: EDAC k8 MC0: extended error code: ECC chipkill x4 error Sep 17 15:08:17 athena su(pam_unix)[19579]: session opened for user oracle by (uid=0) Sep 17 15:08:17 athena su(pam_unix)[19579]: session closed for user oracle Sep 17 15:08:17 athena su(pam_unix)[19634]: session opened for user oracle by (uid=0) Sep 17 15:08:17 athena su(pam_unix)[19634]: session closed for user oracle Sep 17 15:08:18 athena kernel: EDAC k8 MC0: general bus error: participating processor(local node origin), time-out(no timeout) memory transaction type(generic read), mem or i/o(mem access), cache level(generic) Sep 17 15:08:18 athena kernel: MC0: CE page 0x39c857, offset 0xd50, grain 8, syndrome 0x1cc8, row 1, channel 0, label "": k8_edac Sep 17 15:08:18 athena kernel: MC0: CE - no information available: k8_edac Error Overflow set Sep 17 15:08:18 athena kernel: EDAC k8 MC0: extended error code: ECC chipkill x4 error Sep 17 15:08:18 athena su(pam_unix)[19715]: session opened for user oracle by (uid=0) Sep 17 15:08:18 athena su(pam_unix)[19715]: session closed for user oracle Sep 17 15:08:18 athena su(pam_unix)[19758]: session opened for user oracle by (uid=0) Sep 17 15:08:19 athena su(pam_unix)[19758]: session closed for user oracle Sep 17 15:08:20 athena su(pam_unix)[19807]: session opened for user oracle by (uid=0) Sep 17 15:08:20 athena su(pam_unix)[19807]: session closed for user oracle Sep 17 15:08:20 athena su(pam_unix)[19850]: session opened for user oracle by (uid=0) Sep 17 15:08:20 athena su(pam_unix)[19850]: session closed for user oracle Sep 17 15:08:20 athena kernel: EDAC k8 MC0: general bus error: participating processor(local node origin), time-out(no timeout) memory transaction type(generic read), mem or i/o(mem access), cache level(generic) Sep 17 15:08:20 athena kernel: MC0: CE page 0x39c857, offset 0xd50, grain 8, syndrome 0x1cc8, row 1, channel 0, label "": k8_edac Sep 17 15:08:20 athena kernel: EDAC k8 MC0: extended error code: ECC chipkill x4 error Sep 17 15:08:21 athena su(pam_unix)[19899]: session opened for user oracle by (uid=0) Sep 17 15:08:21 athena kernel: EDAC k8 MC0: general bus error: participating processor(local node origin), time-out(no timeout) memory transaction type(generic read), mem or i/o(mem access), cache level(generic) Sep 17 15:23:54 athena syslogd 1.4.1: restart. Sep 17 15:23:54 athena syslog: syslogd startup succeeded Sep 17 15:23:54 athena kernel: klogd 1.4.1, log source = /proc/kmsg started.


Not able to install pandas and python3-pip.  Also tried these commands:   sudo apt-get install python3-pip   sudo apt-get install python3-setuptools   sudo python3 -m pip install pandas


giving the command in the directory where the file is located

Stupid question time!  I've been toying around with Ubuntu for a couple hours and most of the programs I need are working just fine, but now I'm not sure how to install something.     [...] giving the command ./tmc-netbeans_org_mooc_tmcbeans-linux.sh in the directory where the file is located.   I have downloaded the file I needed to download, it's in my download folder... now what? How do I get into the directory from the file location?


I have tried to find a download for mod loader but no one seems to have it. I've had no luck finding a download or following video tutorials to help.  I want to get the Explosives+ mod so would be grateful if someone could provide a link to a compatible modloader.


Geometric series sum $\sum_2^\infty e^{3-2n}$

$$\sum_2^\infty e^{3-2n}$$  The formulas for these things are so ambiguous I really have no clue on how to use them.  $$\frac {cr^M}{1-r}$$  $$\frac {1e^2}{1-\frac{1}{e}}$$  Is that a wrong application of the formula and why?


Swashbuckler rogue: does sneak attack fail if you have both advantage & disadvantage?

I am having a bit of an argument with my DM.  The rules say that you can have sneak attack if "you don’t have disadvantage on the attack roll".  If I have both advantage and disadvantage, that results in a straight roll when attacking. A straight roll suggests that sneak attack is allowed.  My DM interprets it as, if I have a source of disadvantage, regardless of weather I also have advantage or not, the fact I am being disadvantaged in some way prevents sneak attack from triggering.  Can someone please let me know who has the correct interpretation?


load extra html into index and call them from index

index.php  <!DOCTYPE HTML>

       check.php  check   I am loading some extra html into my index page , but i can't call any div or a jQuery from index page. i know is because it load the html after the page was done and i call before that.  But even I put $('.masterTooltip').hover inside $(window).load it won't work. My question is how can i call those those div or a from index ? but without putting those jQuery at check.php ?  If i put those jQuery code at check.php it work.


I'm making a blackjack game as a beginners project. I'm having trouble with exiting multiple loops. Instead of exiting the blackjack game and stopping the program that's running when the input is "Leave" the loop continues.  This is the part of my code that I'm having problems with.  def deal_cards():     while deck != []:        # code here that's irrelevant          while player_sum <= 21:             if player_sum == 21:                 print('BLACKJACK!')                 break             move = input('What would you like to do: ') # this is the player input. When the input is              if move == 'Hit' or move == 'hit' or move == 'HIT' or move == 'HIt' or move == 'hIt':                 card = random.choice(deck)                 deck.remove(card)                 player_sum = player_sum + card                 print('You got a ' + str(card) + '. Your sum is ' + str(player_sum))                 if player_sum > 21:                     print("YOU BUSTED")                     break             elif move == 'Stand' or 'stand' or 'STAND':                 print('The dealer has: ' + str(dealer_sum))                 while dealer_sum < 17:                     card = random.choice(deck)                     deck.remove(card)                     dealer_sum = dealer_sum + card                     print('The dealer has: ' + str(dealer_sum))                 if dealer_sum > player_sum and dealer_sum <= 21:                     print('You lost')                 elif dealer_sum == player_sum:                     print('Even. You get you money back')                 elif dealer_sum < player_sum:                     print('YOU WIN!')                 elif dealer_sum > 21:                     print('The dealer busted. YOU WIN!')                 break             if move == 'Leave' or 'leave' or 'LEAVE': # this is where the  # problem is. I want the entire program to end. I tried using break and # return but I don't seem to get it wotking.  welcome_screen()


css multiple div does not seem to work together

I have this in my css file  and html file.    .prodhome-boxshadow{     padding: 10px;     box-shadow: 5px 10px 18px #888888; }  .prodhome-category {      width:22%;      float:left;      margin:0 1.65% 3.55%; } .prodhome-category img {      max-width:60%;      height:auto;      margin:0 5%;      align-content: center; }

Product-title

     what I get is the box shadow does not encompass the product title and image. Instead I get the box shadow display above where the products are and ends before the Producttiles are displayed.   How can I accomplish this?


I have triple boot with : Windows XP, Windows 7, and Ubuntu Server. I have a GRUB and a Windows 7 Bootloader. I want to remove Ubuntu Server and GRUB. How to remove GRUB? And can Ubuntu Server is uninstalled with just deleting the partition?


This morning I went to install an app on one of my Ubuntu machines and found I was locked out by apt.system.daily. This is not in the root cron, so please tell me where it is running from?   root@acer:/home/stephen# apt install htop  E: Could not get lock /var/lib/dpkg/lock - open (11: Resource temporarily unavailable)  E: Unable to lock the administration directory (/var/lib/dpkg/), is another process using it?   I found this interesting because I have purged update-manager. I like to take care of updates on my own. So then looking into it I find this :  root@acer:/home/stephen# ps -ef | grep apt root     23463     1  0 06:23 ?        00:00:00 /bin/sh  /usr/lib/apt/apt.systemd.daily install root     23468 23463  0 06:23 ?        00:00:00 /bin/sh  /usr/lib/apt/apt.systemd.daily lock_is_held install


How do you remove the default cube that appears in the scene upon opening the software? I wish to start with a blank scene when opening Blender.


How to create a jar file with an Ant script to launch the program

I've currently got an eclipse project with two main methods and was wondering if it's possible to create a jar file which runs an Apache Ant script when the jar file is executed. I've provided an Ant script below where two main methods are run. Thanks in advance.      <?xml version="1.0"?>       <project name="Test" default="run_external">         <target name="compile">             <delete dir="bin" />             <mkdir dir="bin" />             <javac srcdir="src" destdir="bin" />         </target>         <target name="run_external" depends="compile">             <parallel>                 <exec executable="cmd" dir="bin">                     <arg value="/c start cmd.exe /k java test.Main" />                 </exec>                 <exec executable="cmd" dir="bin">                     <arg value="/c start cmd.exe /k java test.Main2" />                 </exec>             </parallel>         </target>     </project>


I'm getting an obscure error using FreeFillableForms.  The error does not appear to be on the .     Issue      : Business Rule X0000-005 - The XML data has failed schema validation. cvc-complex-type.2.4.b.  The content of element 'WagesNotShownSch' is not complete. One of '{"":WagesNotShownAmt}' is expected.      The following information may help you determine the form at issue:   Field/Xpath: /efile:Return/efile:ReturnData/efile:WagesNotShownSchedule/efile:WagesNotShownSch/efile:WagesLiteralCd   How can I fix this?


Comparative vs. Superlative While Comparing Two Items

In his book section 176, 3rd ed., Swan says:     Elder brother/sister are used when a person has only one   brother/sister who is older; eldest is used when there are more. An   elder son/daughter is the older of  two; an eldest son/daughter is the   oldest of two or more.   That was not clear enough; I don't see that . Does that mean you can only use it if you have only one sister that is older than you (you don't have two or more sisters who are older than you ), or you can only use it when you talk about the youngest sister (out of two or more) that is older than you?


FFMPEG conversion from webm to mp4 intermittent on Ubuntu 14.04

I am trying to convert .webm file that we get from google's screencastify to .mp4 file.  I need it to be playable using Windows Media Player. I need it the file to be playing with all the WMP versions from last 3 years and on Windows XP and Win 7.  I am using a Ubuntu 14.04 container for the same.  I am using the following command:  ffmpeg -i in.webm -c:v libx264 -crf 20 -c:a aac -strict experimental out.mp4   Following are my observations:   The out.mp4 sometimes plays with the windows media player. At the time when it plays the time for conversion is less and file size is also normal. Sometimes it just plays a black video. At that time it takes a lot of time for conversion.The file size in that case is also very high. Longer videos do not play, shorter ones do. (Longer > 25 mins)    Console output:  ffmpeg version 1.2.6-7:1.2.6-1~trusty1 Copyright (c) 2000-2014 the FFmpeg developers   built on Apr 26 2014 18:52:58 with gcc 4.8 (Ubuntu 4.8.2-19ubuntu1)   configuration: --arch=amd64 --disable-stripping --enable-avresample --enable-pthreads --enable-runtime-cpudetect --extra-version='7:1.2.6-1~trusty1' --libdir=/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu --prefix=/usr --enable-bzlib --enable-libdc1394 --enable-libfreetype --enable-frei0r --enable-gnutls --enable-libgsm --enable-libmp3lame --enable-librtmp --enable-libopencv --enable-libopenjpeg --enable-libopus --enable-libpulse --enable-libschroedinger --enable-libspeex --enable-libtheora --enable-vaapi --enable-vdpau --enable-libvorbis --enable-libvpx --enable-zlib --enable-gpl --enable-postproc --enable-libcdio --enable-x11grab --enable-libx264 --shlibdir=/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu --enable-shared --disable-static   libavutil      52. 18.100 / 52. 18.100   libavcodec     54. 92.100 / 54. 92.100   libavformat    54. 63.104 / 54. 63.104   libavdevice    53.  5.103 / 53.  5.103   libavfilter     3. 42.103 /  3. 42.103   libswscale      2.  2.100 /  2.  2.100   libswresample   0. 17.102 /  0. 17.102   libpostproc    52.  2.100 / 52.  2.100 Input #0, matroska,webm, from '/tmp/Untitled Screencast.webm':   Duration: 00:11:51.60, start: 0.000000, bitrate: 666 kb/s     Stream #0:0: Video: vp8, yuv420p, 992x736, SAR 1:1 DAR 31:23, 1k fps, 30.25 tbr, 1k tbn, 1k tbc (default)     Stream #0:1: Audio: vorbis, 48000 Hz, stereo, fltp (default) [libx264 @ 0x1526fe0] using SAR=1/1 [libx264 @ 0x1526fe0] using cpu capabilities: MMX2 SSE2Fast SSSE3 SSE4.2 AVX [libx264 @ 0x1526fe0] profile High, level 3.1 [libx264 @ 0x1526fe0] 264 - core 142 r2491 24e4fed - H.264/MPEG-4 AVC codec - Copyleft 2003-2014 - http://www.videolan.org/x264.html - options: cabac=1 ref=3 deblock=1:0:0 analyse=0x3:0x113 me=hex subme=7 psy=1 psy_rd=1.00:0.00 mixed_ref=1 me_range=16 chroma_me=1 trellis=1 8x8dct=1 cqm=0 deadzone=21,11 fast_pskip=1 chroma_qp_offset=-2 threads=18 lookahead_threads=3 sliced_threads=0 nr=0 decimate=1 interlaced=0 bluray_compat=0 constrained_intra=0 bframes=3 b_pyramid=2 b_adapt=1 b_bias=0 direct=1 weightb=1 open_gop=0 weightp=2 keyint=250 keyint_min=10 scenecut=40 intra_refresh=0 rc_lookahead=40 rc=crf mbtree=1 crf=20.0 qcomp=0.60 qpmin=0 qpmax=69 qpstep=4 ip_ratio=1.40 aq=1:1.00 Output #0, mp4, to '/tmp/448dfa6f-b118-44b9-a22f-fc763bbcdc5b.mp4':   Metadata:     encoder         : Lavf54.63.104     Stream #0:0: Video: h264 ([33][0][0][0] / 0x0021), yuv420p, 992x736 [SAR 1:1 DAR 31:23], q=-1--1, 10240 tbn, 10 tbc (default)     Stream #0:1: Audio: aac ([64][0][0][0] / 0x0040), 48000 Hz, stereo, fltp, 128 kb/s (default) Stream mapping:   Stream #0:0 -> #0:0 (vp8 -> libx264)   Stream #0:1 -> #0:1 (vorbis -> aac) Press [q] to stop, [?] for help


I have a secret message which I want to encrypt such that any of several different keys can open it independently.  The keys can't know about each other and it has to be able to work completely locally without a network. In short I want two functions   encrypt(message, key1, key2, key3, ...) -> code decrypt(code, keyX) -> message                   for keyX in (key1, key2, key3...) decrypt(code, keyY) -> random                    for keyY not (key1, key2, key3...)   Ideally these functions would also have the property that  encrypt(message, key1) -> code1   decrypt(code1, key1) -> message encrypt(code1, key2) -> code2     decrypt(code2, key1) -> message, decrypt(code2, key2) -> message   This seems like it should be relatively possible to do but I can't figure out how to do it yet. In my research I came across similar problems which many people were calling broadcast encryption but when I read up on it, it seems like for most broadcast encryption schemes require that you broadcast some information about what set of people are allowed to unlock the content and this is used by everyone to calculate their new keys.  This isn't want I want. I need that the "locks" can't change and that adding a new lock doesn't invalidate the old ones.  A physical metaphor would be if you were locking a box lid to bottom using some number of padlocks.  The system I am looking for would be like a chain of padlocks so that opening any of them separates the top from the bottom of the box.  Furthermore, if you add another new padlock on the end of the chain somehow, any of the original keys are still just as useful at opening the whole box.  Anyone have some ideas or links to read up on? Thanks.


SUID has no effect on directories with Linux

Why does the SUID bit have no effect when applied to directories in Linux? I clearly see that I can set it with 'chmod u+s'. But why does it not have "any" effect. What is the reason for implementing a way to SET it but not implementing any effect?


Exclude posts that only have the 'Uncategorized' category

I want to exclude posts that only have the Uncategorized category (i.e. category id 1), but if a post is (erroneously) categorised as "Uncategorized" but also has other categories, I want to include it.   Every solution I've found so far excludes all posts with the Uncategorized category, whether they have other categories or not. I've tried:  'category__not_in' => array('1')   and   'cat' => -1   in the query arguments but I'm not getting the results I need. Is there a way around this?


Reproducing a figure in tikz with text and arrows flowing round in a circle

I want to reproduce the following figure with tikz (because there is a typo in the text in this figure).   My tikz code is (borrowed from )  \documentclass[tikz,border=10pt]{standalone} \usetikzlibrary{decorations.text} \definecolor{mygray}{RGB}{208,208,208} \definecolor{mymagenta}{RGB}{226,0,116} \newcommand*{\mytextstyle}{\sffamily\Large\bfseries\color{black!85}} \newcommand{\arcarrow}[3]{%    % inner radius, middle radius, outer radius, start angle,    % end angle, tip protusion angle, options, text    \pgfmathsetmacro{\rin}{1.7}    \pgfmathsetmacro{\rmid}{2.2}    \pgfmathsetmacro{\rout}{2.7}    \pgfmathsetmacro{\astart}{#1}    \pgfmathsetmacro{\aend}{#2}    \pgfmathsetmacro{\atip}{5}    \fill[mygray, very thick] (\astart+\atip:\rin)                          arc (\astart+\atip:\aend:\rin)       -- (\aend-\atip:\rmid)       -- (\aend:\rout)   arc (\aend:\astart+\atip:\rout)       -- (\astart:\rmid) -- cycle;    \path[       decoration = {          text along path,          text = {|\mytextstyle|#3},          text align = {align = center},          raise = -1.0ex       },       decorate    ](\astart+\atip:\rmid) arc (\astart+\atip:\aend+\atip:\rmid); }  \begin{document}  \begin{tikzpicture}    \fill[even odd rule, mymagenta] circle (1.5);     \node at (0,0) [       font  = \mytextstyle,       color = white,       align = center    ]{       Learn\\       $6\sigma$    };     \arcarrow{ 85}{3}{Define}    \arcarrow{290}{357}{Measure}    \arcarrow{210}{289}{Analyze}    \arcarrow{206}{146}{Improve}    \arcarrow{130}{96}{Control}  \end{tikzpicture}  \end{document}   and the output is     I need hints to get my figure more close the original one. Thanks


I have to store frequently (at least every min) the position (longitude, latitude) of animals in a DB, and perform for each update a search in order to determinate if ananother animal is near to it.  My question is about performance. I plan to use MySQL and FLOAT (10,6) for these variables.   Does a better SQL type exist for this kind of problem in MySQL?  It seems Microsoft released their GEOGRAPHY TYPE, maybe something exists in other DB manager? Is it a good idea to create an index on these values (because I update them a lot but also search on them a lot)? If yes, what kind of index is the best (CLUSTERED)? Do you have any advice for querying the DB?   Thanks.


I've been googling this, but although I see people using them, I see no explanation for it. I've also tried "find and sed" searches, but again no explanation on these. The sed man and other sed guides out there also don't include it.   Now, I'm using the find command to find several files and then using sed to replace strings whithin the files. I believe that these "{}" and "\;" at the end of the sed are what allows sed to take each file name from find and search through its text. But I'd rather not guess and know for sure what they are and why they're there. Here's my current command:  output=$(find . -type f -name '*.h' -o -name '*.C' -o -name '*.cpp' -o -name "*.cc" -exec sed -n -i "s/ARG2/ARG3/g" {} \;)   I'm also concerned that the ";" at the end may not be necessary since I'm wrapping it also and throwing it into a variable. Could someone clarify what those curlies and backslash are doing and whether I need them?  EDIT: It turns out that they're properties of find -exec, not sed. So I've been looking in the wrong place. Thanks!


Is it ok to use "their" as a general reference to the pronoun "one"? For example in a sentence as follows:  One should be aware of the differences between spreadsheets and databases to choose the right one for their case.


Equivalent conditions between two ideals and a nilpotent ideal in a ring.

Let $R$ be a ring. Prove that for any two ideals $I$ and $J$ of $R$, the following conditions are equivalent: $(1)$ $IJ = (0) \implies I\cap J = (0) $; $(2)$ $(0)$ is the only nilpotent ideal of $R$.  I am  able to prove $1 \implies 2$. Let us assume that there exist another ideal $K \neq (0)  $ and $K$ is nil-potent i.e. $K^n = (0)$ for some n. Then $K^{n-1}K= (0)$ and using the statement $(1)$ we have $K^{n-1} \cap K =(0)$ and since $K$ being an ideal $K^{n-1} \subset K$. Thus $K^{n-1} = (0)$. In the same manner after going $n-1$ steps we can show that $K = (0)$. Thus $(0)$ is only the nil-potent ideal of $R$. But I am not able to proof $2\implies 1 $. Please help!! Thank You.


Combinatorics: Picking n marbles from 3 different groups of marbles.

i'm having a bit of difficulty with a combinatorics problem and i'm hoping someone will be able to point me in the right direction. so here we go.     In how many ways can one pick n marbles from 3n marbles consisting of n indistinguishable white marbles, n indistinguishable black marbles and n distinguishable colored marbles. your solution should contain a precise explanation.   so i have 3 lines of thought about this:  Attempt 1: we have 3n marbles which can be broken into two groups. Distinguishable vs indistinguishable marbles. considering the indistinguishable marbles i considered them to be a single group of 2n marbles of which i want to choose k from. thus ${2n}\choose{k} $ white and black marbles are able to be chosen at once, i want to choose with out repetition as the marbles are not being replaced and i believe the order doesn't matter in this instance.  next i consider the possible combinations of coloured marbles. since they're all distinguishible my first thought is to consider them to be integer solutions of the equation $$x_1+x_2+...+x_n = n-k$$ since each coloured ball is distinguishable i thought of them as single variables, using dots and dividers logic that gives me a total of $$2n-k-1 \choose n-1$$ possible solutions to the above. for a total of $$\sum_{k=0}^{n} {{2n}\choose{k}}{2n-k-1 \choose n-1}$$ solutions.  the fault i think with this logic though is that the integer solutions fail as for example we could have n-k $x_1$'s (where $x_1$ represent some colored ball) but in that case those marbles would be indistinguishable from each other, contradicting the idea that they are distinguishable  ok attempt 2: running with the same line of reasoning above, (picking k balls from a group of 2n first and then dealing with the individual's), this time i'm considering them to be an unordered selection and again with out repetition so that gives me  $$\sum_{k=0}^{n} {{2n}\choose{k}}{n\choose n-k}$$ solutions.  but this seems wrong to me for some reason and im unable to put my finger on why.  so, third attempt: this is my current line of thinking and i'm considering using generating functions in order to try and explicitly derive a particular formula. for example, the n distinct marble, i could label $D_i(x)=(1+x)$ and then multiply then together, this would give me $D(x)=(1+x)^n$ and thus at most n distinct marbles.. once figuring out a similar generator for the black and white marbles i would just locate the co-efficient of x^n for the solution.  thoughts? where am i going wrong? many thanks for taking the time to read this.


mixing Image texture on top of a procedural texture

i want to add weathering/dirt to the leather armor on a model, but the leather texture is procedural, and i want to use a mostly transparent image texture so i can select where to apply the effect to add the dirt and whatnot, but i cant find out how without the image parts that are painted completely covering the procedural texture


How do I know if a Legendary item can be obtained at Kadala?

Reaper of Soul has introduced with  a system of gambling. I know that you can get legendaries from her but I don't know if every legendary in the game can be obtained by gambling.   How do I know if a legendary can be gained through gambling or not ?


Expected number of (0,1) distributed continuous random variables required to sum upto 1

I define $X_i$ as a random variable that is uniformly distributed between (0,1). What is the expected number of such variables I require to make the sum go just higher than 1.  Thanks


Forgot the password that my HTC U11 was set with and after factory reset it is asking for the password

how do I get around this? as I don't know what I can do? to fix this issue


Geometric Proof for the shortest path cube sides problem

A spider in one edge of a cube (length of all side = $l$) wants to get to an insect on the other edge of the cube. obviously the spider cannot fly and must walk on the sides of the cube to get to the insects. Find the shortest path possible. (See the image below)    I know the differential approach to solve this question (optimization problem) and the path is drawn on the above picture. But I want a geometric proof without using derivative. Just using geometric theorems (like pythagoras) and using simple algebra.


Word that means "describing a group of people based on the action of an individual"

I don't know how to better describe my question, but I have an example that may clarify. The word I'm looking for can be used for example to say "this person is xxx" when that person says "All Muslims are terrorists" because a couple people did terrorist acts.


Firefly has its own gravitational field?

In Firefly episode eight, Out of Gas, the engine breaks, causing the oxygen and heating to go offline on Serenity. For some reason, the gravity stays on. Mal (the captain) is able to move about freely, clearly drawn to the ground. Items are not floating about. The backup engine was not working, as stated by Kaylee (the engineer) when asked about extra time for oxygen.  Is there a rare metal in the Firefly universe that, when no longer near a gravitational pull, emits its own? Or some kind of gravity field that is not created by a piece of machinery that is required to be on? Is this ever addressed?


What is the difference between methods and functions? (Very basic explanation please)

I am all new to python and I just got to know methods I am using python 3.7.0 64 bit and I want to know what is the difference between methods and functions. but please in very very basic explanation because I am also all new to programming.


RAM compatibility between different different generations and recommendations

My PC has the following:   Asus Sabertooth X79 Motherboard QuadCore Intel Core i7-4820K, 3633 MHz  DDR3 1866, CL9, 1.65V, Quad Channel   I'd wanna throw another 16GB and go for DDR4.  My questions would be:   Are there any incompatibilities between using a DDR3 gen vs DDR4? 1866MHz vs 2400/2800/3000? CL9 vs CL14/15/16? Voltage? Anything else? Would a HyperX Savage/Fury/Predator w/ Black be a good candidate?  Other manufacturers maybe? ($300 tops)


I know how to add a material to a plane and then apply an Image Texture to that plane. I know how to make it appear in the 3D Viewport, Edit Mode, and the final render.  I want a way to make one Image Texture fade into another one using purely material nodes. This should be able to be achieved via two keyframes that are visible in the Timeline or Dope Sheet. I have tried applying two textures to one material and two separate textures onto two separate materials, though I have found that I can't particularly assign two materials at once without scripting or the compositor. These are my questions, basically. They're fairly related, so I figured I'd ask them both at once.   How can I set up an Image Texture to "fade off" (dissolve into a Diffuse BSDF or other blank material) in an animation render on a plane object? Second, how can I make an image fade transition, via two frame keys in an animation render without the compositor or scripting? Is this possible on precisely one plane or surface, or must I use two coinciding surfaces?


Why does running echo $$ in bash return a number like 7190, while running echo $ only returns a $?


Can't access array element even if it is shown in print_r() / var_dump()

I get the error:     Notice: Undefined index: marca    When I'm trying to do this:  echo $data[0]['marca'];   But if I print the array, like this:   print_r($data[0]);   The output is:  Array ( [marca] => Jack&co [stock] => 10 [nome] => JW0114M2 [codice] => JW0114M2 [caratteristiche] => JW0114M2 Classe articolo: orologio da polso Sesso: unisex Movimento: quarzo Bracciale: acciaio Tipologia: cronografo [prezzo al pubblico €] => 99,00 [sconto %] => 75 [prezzo orologistock €] => 25,00 [img] => http://orologistock.it/virtual_img/ )        //^^^^^ See the element exists!   So why can't I access the array element?   EDIT:  The output from the source code with var_dump($data[0]); is:  array(9) { ["marca"]=> string(7) "Jack&co" ["stock"]=> string(2) "10" ["nome"]=> string(8) "JW0114M2" ["codice"]=> string(8) "JW0114M2" ["caratteristiche"]=> string(117) "JW0114M2 Classe articolo: orologio da polso Sesso: unisex Movimento: quarzo Bracciale: acciaio Tipologia: cronografo " ["prezzo al pubblico €"]=> string(5) "99,00" ["sconto %"]=> string(2) "75" ["prezzo orologistock €"]=> string(5) "25,00" ["img"]=> string(35) "http://orologistock.it/virtual_img/" }    I'm getting my array from a .csv file:  function csv_to_array($filename='', $delimiter=';') {     if(!file_exists($filename) || !is_readable($filename))         return FALSE;      $header = NULL;     $data = array();     if (($handle = fopen($filename, 'r')) !== FALSE)     {         while (($row = fgetcsv($handle, 1000, $delimiter)) !== FALSE)         {             if(!$header){                 $header = $row;             }             else{                 if(count($row) == 9)                     $data[] = array_combine($header, $row);             }         }         fclose($handle);     }     return $data; }   $data= csv_to_array($_FILES['data']['tmp_name']);


An alternative single word for "He/She" and "his/her"?

In the following sentence ( taking it as an example )     Everyone applying for scholarship has to fill the form. He/She must also provide his/her result card with his/her form.    I am wondering, can I possibly use some word instead of "He/She" and "his/her" which will provide the same meaning? ( I need a word if possible. I know that changing the structure of sentence can be done to avoid using he/she and his/her )


Manga where the MC is transported to another world, becomes super powerful, and is subsequently visited in his home by the demon king

This is what I remember from the manga. It starts off with the main character getting transported to another world, however if I remember correctly, he wasn't the one that was supposed to be summoned, or so thought the people who summoned him. The story progresses and the MC becomes super powerful, and the demon king starts to come to his house and tries to makes friends with him because he knows how powerful the MC is. The MC also runs into a a white demon which he defeats, and it turns into the form of a human woman and starts to follow him around, and they are pretty much a couple. I also remember that there was a super powerful demon locked up in the basement of the castle, if I remember correctly, and it gets released and no one can stop it. However, it harms his girlfriend/wife, and he pretty much goes berserk and attacks the super powerful demon and wins. After that, the demon starts to follow him around and I believe calls him master.


How can I prove triviality of tangent bundle of $S^3$ using "Quaternion group"?

My professor said "You can check triviality of tangent bundle of  $S^3$ using Quaternion group. In fact $S^3 \subset \mathbb{R}^4 = \mathbb{H} = \{a+bi+cj+dk|ij = k, jk = i, ji = -k, ik = -j,i^2 = j^2 = k^2 = -1\}$ and multiplication in $\mathbb{H}$ preserve being tangent, this implies the fact of $TS^3$ is trivial". I can't find out how to use this structure to prove the triviality of $TS^3$.


What's the difference between a PPA and a repository?

I recently posted an answer where I wrote add the PPA. But I now realize, that I have no idea what the difference between a PPA and a Repository is. So can someone please explain it to me?


new object is default transparent on blender

I have deleted blender 2.92 and installed an older version (2.82). And I open a new project. The default cube on Blender is transparent. and on material preview, the cube is black. on render preview, it is working as expected. I do not know why on the solid mode it is transparent and on material view it is black?? The images are attached  please help me. I am a beginner and have started it recently. thanks in advance.


Is it possible to get a logarthmic colorbar?  \documentclass{article}  \usepackage{tikz,pgfplots}  \begin{document}  \begin{tikzpicture} \begin{axis}[enlargelimits=0.2,colorbar] \addplot[ scatter,mark=square*,only marks, point meta=\thisrow{myvalue} ] table { x y  myvalue 0.5  1 0.25 0.2  2 3 0.7  3 0.75 0.35  4 0.125 0.65  5 2 }; \end{axis} \end{tikzpicture}  \end{document}   Solution?->  \documentclass{article}  \usepackage{tikz,pgfplots}  \begin{document} \pgfmathdeclarefunction{lg10}{1}{ \pgfmathparse{ln(#1)/ln(10)}} \begin{tikzpicture}  \begin{axis}[enlargelimits=0.2,colorbar, colorbar style={yticklabel=\pgfmathparse{10^\tick}\pgfmathprintnumber\pgfmathresult}]  \addplot[ scatter,mark=square*,only marks, point meta=\thisrow{myvalue} ] table { x y  myvalue 0.5  100 554 0.2  2000 3546546 0.7  3745 0.755 0.35  74 0.125 0.65  775 2555 }; \end{axis} \end{tikzpicture}  \end{document}   This is the solution? is this logaritmic? Looks linear


Camera following a circular path around object stops after 1 rotation, I want to have it loop over and over

I set my camera to rotate around an object by having it follow a bezier circle, but it stops moving after 1 rotation.I have linked the video here.


is 65 minutes enough to connect in FRA from JFK to Beirut?

Is 65 minutes enough to connect in FRA with Lufthansa Business class ticket coming from JFK going to Beirut? It looks like gates yesterday were Z62 arrival from JFK- and B33 to depart to BEY


Joint distribution of least square estimates $(\hat\alpha,\hat\beta)$ in a simple linear regression model

Let $Y_1,Y_2,\ldots,Y_n$ be independently distributed random variables such that $Y_i\sim\mathcal N(\alpha+\beta x_i,\sigma^2)$ for all $i=1,\ldots,n$. If $\hat\alpha$ and $\hat\beta$ be the least square estimates of $\alpha$ and $\beta$ respectively, then what is the joint distribution of $(\hat\alpha,\hat\beta)$?  We consider the model $y=\alpha+\beta x+\epsilon$ where $y$ is stochastic and $x$ is non-stochastic. We have the paired observations $(x_i,y_i)$ and we assume that the errors $\epsilon_i\stackrel{\text{i.i.d}}{\sim}\mathcal{N}(0,\sigma^2)$ for all $i$. Define $s_{xx}=\sum (x_i-\bar x)^2,\,s_{yy}=\sum(y_i-\bar y)^2$ and $s_{xy}=\sum(x_i-\bar x)(y_i-\bar y)$. From the normal equations we have $\hat\alpha=\bar y-\hat\beta\bar x$ and $\hat\beta=\dfrac{s_{xy}}{s_{xx}}$. Transforming $\mathbf Y=(Y_1,\ldots,Y_n)\to(Z_1,\ldots,Z_n)=\mathbf Z$ such that $\mathbf Y=\mathbf{A\,Z}$ where $\mathbf A$ is an orthogonal matrix with its first two rows $\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt n},\ldots,\frac{1}{\sqrt n}\right)$ and $\left(\frac{x_1-\bar x}{\sqrt{s_{xx}}},\ldots,\frac{x_n-\bar x}{\sqrt{s_{xx}}}\right)$. From the distribution of the $Z_i$'s, one can show that $\bar y\sim\mathcal N\left(\alpha+\beta\bar x,\frac{\sigma^2}{n}\right)$ and $\hat\beta\sim\mathcal N\left(\beta,\frac{\sigma^2}{s_{xx}}\right)$, both independently distributed of each other. From this, one gets $\hat\alpha\sim\mathcal{N}\left(\alpha,\sigma^2\left(\frac{1}{n}+\frac{\bar x^2}{s_{xx}}\right)\right)$. So we have the two least square estimates each having a univariate normal distribution. They are definitely not independent; I have found they have correlation $\text{Corr}(\hat\alpha,\hat\beta)=-\frac{\sqrt{n}\bar x}{\sqrt{\sum x_i^2}}$. But how can I find the joint distribution of $(\hat\alpha,\hat\beta)$ from this? I cannot simply conclude that they are jointly normal. They are probably jointly normal but how does it follow? The following related posts came up during a search, but don't quite get the answer I am looking for:         Edit. The joint distribution of $(\hat\alpha,\hat\beta)=(\bar y-\hat\beta\bar x,\hat\beta)$ is bivariate normal simply because $\bar y$ and $\hat\beta$ are independent normal variables (details ). This follows from the property that different linear combinations of independent normal variables (and hence jointly normal variables) are themselves jointly normal.


I'm unable to get the merchant NPC to spawn.  I already have the demolitionist and the nurse. There are a couple of spare NPC suitable rooms, and 50+ silver coins, but even after waiting many nights, still no sign of a merchant.  Is there anything I could be doing wrong?


How and where are lightsabers manufactured?

In The Force Awakens, we see only two lightsabers.    One is over 30 years old and belonged to Luke Skywalker.    The other was of unknown age and belonged to Kylo Ren.    Lightsabers are precision engineered products. There are very few lightsabers. We observe psychic phenomena when certain people touch a light saber. It's also not 100% clear that the psychic phenomena are due to the people who use the light saber, or due in some part to the lightsaber itself.   So how are light sabers manufactured? Who manufactures lightsabers? What are lightsabers made of?  I am hoping for an in-universe explanation.


Why are there 2 Clementines on the Ubuntu Software Center?

I wanted to install Clementine and noticed 2 of them in the Ubuntu Software Center, as shown in the image:    Is there a difference between the two? Are they both different versions? Or is something more shady going on?


Installing Ubuntu onto new totally blank laptop drive

I am very new to this forgive me if I am asking the silliest question ever!!  I wish to buy a  from PC Specialist.  I am opting for:   i7-7700HQ processor the better screen option  16GB of Ram  1st hard Disk = none  2nd Hard disk = none  M.2SSD drive = Samsung SM961 M.2 PCIe NVMe  DVD/BluRay drive = 6x ultra slim BluRay Writer  Bluetooth & Wireless = Gigabit LAN and wireless Intel 8265 vPRO   There will be no operating system installed, because I do not want Windows 10, and PC Specialist will not install Ubuntu. So what will I have to do to get Ubuntu onto the machine and running smoothly without any issues with the wireless / mousepad / keyboard etc?  Thank you!!