How do I move a window whose title bar is off-screen?

I encountered a strange problem today. I downloaded FileZilla and on first launch the title bar was above my mouse pointer's reach. Making the window unmovable.  Here is a screenshot of my situation.    Is there a way to fix this? I've tried reopening the application and rebooting.


$\lim_{n\rightarrow\infty}\frac{a_{n+1}}{a_n} = L$ implies $\lim_{n\rightarrow\infty}a_n^{1/n}=L$

Let $\{a_n\}$ be a sequence of positive numbers. Prove that if $$\lim_{n\rightarrow\infty}\frac{a_{n+1}}{a_n} = L$$ then $$\lim_{n\rightarrow\infty}a_n^{1/n}=L.$$   The first condition means that for any $\epsilon$, then exists $N$ such that for all $n\geq N$, we have $$L-\epsilon < \dfrac{a_{n+1}}{a_n} < L+\epsilon.$$ This means $$(L-\epsilon)^na_N<a_{N+n}<(L+\epsilon)^na_N$$ for all $n\geq 0$. Then $$(L-\epsilon)^{\frac{n}{N+n}}a_N<a_{N+n}^{\frac{1}{N+n}}<(L+\epsilon)^{\frac{n}{N+n}}a_N$$  How can I finish from here?


Let $A$ be a set of all continuous functions $f:[0,1] \to \mathbb R^+ \cup \{0\}$ that satisfies the following condition.

Let $A$ be a set of all continuous functions $f:[0,1] \to \mathbb R^+ \cup \{0\}$ that satisfies the following condition:      $$\int_{0}^{x}f(t)dt \ge f(x), \forall x\in [0,1].$$      Which of the following statements is true?      (A)  $A$ has cardinality $1$.      (B) $A$ has cardinality $2$.      (C) $A$ is infinite.      (D) $A=\phi$   Case 1  $\int_{0}^{x}f(t)dt =f(x)$, differentiating on both the sides. We get, $f'(x)=f(x)\implies f(x)=Ke^{x}$. hence option (C) is correct. Am I correct? Please check my steps. how it is wrong?


Any Videoconferencing software for Ubuntu?

First of all, thanks for reading and helping! I have a quick question. I need to know if there is a software option which I could use to connect to a Videoconference Bridge (such as a Polycom RMX or Tandberg VCS, etc) via IP. Web options are also welcome.


Blender render engine is rendering just part of an object

When I zoom out in the view window, my object is not being shown entirely.    Can anyone help understand why this is happening and how to fix it?  My Hardware specification: i7 2.80GHz NVidia GTX 1050 4GB 8GB RAM Windows 10


I have the equation: $Q(x,y) = 5x^2 - 6xy + 5y^2$. The first question is to write this in  $ Q(z) = z^{T}Az$, in Matrixnotation.  The matrix I calculated is: $$\begin{bmatrix} 5 & -3 \\ -3 & 5 \end{bmatrix} $$  Then I have to diagonalize it, such that $A = UDU^{T}$ in order to use another Basis (from $z \to \overline{z}$).  [EDIT] I solved this part using the diagonalization, and obtaining $$\begin{bmatrix} 2 & 0 \\ 0 & 8 \end{bmatrix} $$ as the matrix for the new quadric. Now how can I solve the next question?  At the end I have to draw the new curve given by $z^{T}Az = 8$.  I tried to read some documentation but I don't understand how to procede, can someone help? Thanks!


Distance between two probability distributions

Are there any common ways to define a distance between two probablity distribution functions (i.e. how similar two distributions are)?  I am interested in the specific case where the random variable is discrete and can only take a finite number of values.


Prove that $\|u+v\|^2+\|u-v\|^2=2\|u\|^2+2\|v\|^2$ using those 4 axioms of inner product. From which axiom should I start?


Prove $\sum_{k=0}^l \binom{n}{k}\binom{m}{l-k} = \binom{n+m}{l}$

$$\sum_{k=0}^l \binom{n}{k}\binom{m}{l-k} = \binom{n+m}{l} $$ There was a hint saying apply binomial theorem to $(1+x)^n(1+x)^m$ From which I've got $(1+x)^n(1+x)^m=(1+x)^{m+n}$  $(1+x)^n(1+x)^m=\sum^n_{k=0}\binom{n}{k}x^k\cdot\sum^m_{j=0}\binom{m}{j}x^j$  $(1+x)^{m+n}=\sum^{m+n}_{l=0}\binom{m+n}{l}x^l$  $\sum^n_{k=0}\binom{n}{k}x^k\cdot\sum^m_{j=0}\binom{m}{j}x^j = \sum^{m+n}_{l=0}\binom{m+n}{l}x^l$   In (3) every power $l$ of $x$ on the RHS equals $k+j$ for some $k$ and $j$ from the LHS. Here I'm stuck. How to complete the proof?


shell: keep trailing newlines ('\n') in command substitution

I want to be able to capture the exact output of a command substitution, including the trailing new line characters.  I realise that they are stripped by default, so some manipulation may be required to keep them, and I want to keep the original exit code.  For example, given a command with a variable number of trailing newlines and exit code:  f(){ for i in $(seq "$((RANDOM % 3))"); do echo; done; return $((RANDOM % 256));} export -f f   I want to run something like:  exact_output f   And have the output be:  Output: $'\n\n' Exit: 5   I'm interested in both bash and POSIX sh.


Is there a StackExchange site for asking about software products that fulfill requirements (*not* asking for recommendations, but just product names)?

I see some posts about asking for product recommendations, which is not allowed in StackExchange family. I understand. QA for recommendations, or shopping questions is not feasible. But for getting a list of names of software applications fulfilling some requirements should be ok, and very useful.  This need showed up when I was going through a document with 30 steps, scrolling up and down, and thought there should be a tool that converts text to a wizard. But searching for such a tool in google returns irrelevant results (maybe my keywords are bad).  I love the way Stack Overflow and the other Stack Exchange sites answer questions. It would be really helpful to ask 'Is there a tool that does X' and get a list of products.  What do you think? If you agree, how can we get such a site?


Direct proof that the product of odd integers is odd

Prove $P(x,y)$: If $x$ and $y$ are odd integers, then the product  $xy$ must also be odd.   I need a direct proof of this.  I know that $ x $ and $y$ both have to equal to $2n+1$ in order for them to be odd. But that's all I have. Any help will be appreciated.


Should I install gnuplot? : Error using gnuplot when \addplot+ is used

On page 42/571 of the pgfplots package there is an example using \addplot+ and gnuplot as below: \documentclass{standalone} \usepackage{tikz} \usepackage{pgfplots} \pgfplotsset{width=7cm,compat=1.17} \begin{document} \begin{tikzpicture} \begin{axis} \addplot+ [id=parable,domain=-5:5,] gnuplot {4*x**2 - 5} node [pin=180:{$4x^2-5$}]{}; \end{axis} \end{tikzpicture} \end{document}  I run using pdfLaTeX getting an error:  Package pgfplots Error: Sorry, the gnuplot-result file 'f2_addplot_pgfplots_p p42.parable.table' could not be found. Maybe you need to enable the shell-escap e feature? For pdflatex, this is '>> pdflatex -shell-escape'. You can also invo ke '>> gnuplot .gnuplot' manually on the respective gnuplot file.. See the pgfplots package documentation for explanation. Type  H   for immediate help. ... l.9 ...t {4*x**2 - 5} node [pin=180:{$4x^2-5$}]{};  Do you know how to fix this? Should I install gnuplot?


Prove that if $p$ is prime then $\frac{X^p-1}{X-1}=X^{p-1}+\cdots+X+1$ is irreducbile in $\mathbb{Q}[X]$.

I have no idea how to approach this.  I'm supposed to use $f\in \mathbb{Q}[X]$ is irreducible $\iff \exists{a}\in\mathbb{Q}$ such that $f(X+a)$ is irreducible.  I tried to use $a = 1 \in \mathbb{Q}$ so  $\frac{(X + 1)^p-1}{X}=(X+1)^{p-1}+\cdots+ (X+1) + 1$  but I don't see how I can get from there to being able to use  any other criterion.


Difference between "if only" and "only if"

What is the differences between "if only" and "only if" ? What is the use of each  in the sentences? Are there any specific rules for their uses?  "I could get more work done if only there weren't so much noise." "We will manufacture these handbags only if we can obtain the right leather."


I am getting crazy with this one.     Suppose $a_n=(1^2+2^2+3^2+\ldots+n^2)^n$ and $b_n=n^n(n!)^2$. Show that $a_n>b_n$ for all $n$.    They suggest to use the AM-GM inequality.


How to enable Windows Update over the internet for domain computers? (Code: 8024402C)

Currently on a computer running Windows 7 on a domain the Windows Update does not run by itself because "You receive updates: Managed by your system administrator". The error code is 8024402C  Detail: Open Windows Update, there you see a red message "Windows could not search for new updates", Code 8024402C. Below there is an interesting message: "Your receive updates: Managed by your system administrator".  At the bottom there is a link "Check online for updates from Microsoft Update". If I click it it will work but I want the windows update to work by itself not manually.   This system is not connected to the domain most of the time (laptop).  In Microsoft knowledge-base they say that this is caused by WSUS (Windows  Server Update Services).  I want to have automatic updates from WU and WSUS in the same time. If this is not possible I would like to know how can I switch from WSUS to WU. I do have administrator account for local computer.


Is it possible to get more detailed voting information?

I'm doing some research on Stack Exchange data. It would be helpful for our research to get more detailed information on voting. I understand this is not generally available in the information Stack Exchange releases to the public.   Is there any avenue for working with Stack Exchange to get access to more detailed data for research purposes?


Show that $\int\limits_{-\infty}^\infty e^{-\pi x^2}dx = 1$

I want to show that $\int\limits_{-\infty}^\infty e^{-\pi x^2}dx = 1$.  By definition $$\int\limits_{-\infty}^\infty e^{-\pi x^2}dx = \lim\limits_{t\to\infty}\int\limits_{-t}^t e^{-\pi x^2}dx$$ and since the integrand $e^{-\pi x^2}$ is an even function $$\int\limits_{-\infty}^\infty e^{-\pi x^2}dx = \lim\limits_{t\to\infty}\int\limits_{-t}^t e^{-\pi x^2}dx = 2\lim\limits_{t\to\infty}\int\limits_0^t e^{-\pi x^2}dx$$ i.e. we can equivalently show that $\lim\limits_{t\to\infty}\int\limits_0^t e^{-\pi x^2}dx=\frac{1}{2}$.  Since the antiderivative of $e^{-x^2}$ is given by the  we can't straightforwardly evaluate the integral, so I tried to use the power series expansion, hoping to be able to see that the resulting series will converge to $\frac{1}{2}$:  $$|\int\limits_0^t e^{-\pi x^2}dx-\frac{1}{2}| = |\int\limits_0^t\sum\limits_{n=0}^\infty\frac{\pi^n\cdot x^{2n}}{n!}dx - \frac{1}{2}| = |\sum\limits_{n=0}^\infty\frac{\pi^n\cdot t^{2n+1}}{n!\cdot(n+1)}-\frac{1}{2}|$$  However, I'm in a doubt that it converges and a quick check in Wolfram Mathematica shows indeed that with $t\to\infty$ the resulting series will diverge.  What am I doing wrong? Can anybody help me with a proof for this problem? Any help will be really appreciated.


What is a Kernel Panic and what does it mean?


In my opinion, Stockholm should be one of the featured cites on , considering Sweden has the top number of Stack Overflow users per capita (). Stockholm features, DICE, Paradox games, ... and has a mini silicon valley called Kista.   So, please add it to the list of featured cities.


How do I select which Apache MPM to use?

This is a  about selecting the right Apache httpd MPM.   I'm a little confused between the different MPMs offered by Apache - 'worker', 'event', 'prefork', etc.  What are the major differences between them, and how can I decide which one will be best for a given deployment?


Returning last-written file, containing particular sub-string in file name?

Whilst monitoring logging I have to go to my log files, order by written date, so I can then see the name of the log file for the most-recent execution of my application.  Is there any way, given a directory and sub-string, to return the name of the file containing that sub-string, which was most-recently written to?  So if I had  AFile1.log (last written 9am) AFile2.log (last written 10am)   and I wanted to return the most recent log containing the file name "AFile", it'd return AFile2.log?


How do I create a new command \listofcodes in latex?

In addition to tables and figures, I have a bunch of code pieces. Just like follows:      \begin{figure}     \lstinputlisting[     language=C++, breaklines=true,     keywordstyle=\color{blue},     commentstyle=\color{mygreen},     stringstyle=\color{red},     frame=single,     backgroundcolor=\color{gray},     basicstyle=\footnotesize\ttfamily,     caption={Data acquisition code},     label={code:data}]     {codes/data.cpp} \end{figure}   Those codes do not appear in table of figures or table of contents which is exactly what I want.  Now I want to create a new table of codes \listofcodes similar to \listoffigures. It should create a third table. How do I do that?


I left my non-stick pan in the oven while it was preheating, can I still use it?

Long story short, I left my non-stick pan in the oven while it was preheating. Left it in there for about 20 - 30 minutes, including 15 minutes at 375 degrees Fahrenheit. Just wondering if I can still use it or if I have to toss it. Thanks for your time, any input is appreciated!   EDIT: It's a T-fal Viva Frying Pan.  EDIT 2: Thanks everyone!


Can unitary probability theory (quantum mechanics) emerge from a lack of information about a deterministic process?

My initial question below appears to be unclear so I am rewording in more succinctly here. The pre-edit question remains below.  There exists two types of probability theory: 1-norm (classic stochastic theory) and 2-norm (quantum mechanics). 1-norm has been shown to emerge from the lack of information about a deterministic process (statistical mechanics). Have we proven that a 2-norm probability theory cannot possibly emerge from a lack of information about a deterministic process?  Pre-edit question:  From my understanding a ‘hidden variable theory’ is just saying that the current quantum theory is not a complete description of nature, and just like thermodynamics can be reduced to deterministic rules (statistical mechanics), the probabilistic nature of the wave function can be reduced to deterministic rules. Hidden variable theory simply says that it is possible traditional quantum theory is an emergent theory that results from lack of information about the specific state of this new 'hidden variable'.  One crucial difference to note here is that ‘probability’ in the quantum sense is very different than traditional probability. The probabilistic state evolves unitarily instead of stochastically and the traditional probability is recovered by squaring the wave function. This leads to interference and most of the oddities associated with quantum theory.  Scott Aaronson in his paper  reduces the possibility of hidden variable theory to whether we can map unitary to stochastic matrices in a way that has certain desirable properties. Isn’t this just proving that quantum theory cannot be explained with ‘traditional’ stochastic probability? Couldn’t there still be a way to reduce this ‘new’ type of probability down to deterministic rules with missing information (again just like statistical mechanics did for stochastic probability). Is stochastic probability the only possible probability theory that can result from a lack of information? If so, why?


Find the value of $\sqrt3\csc 20^o -\sec 20^o$

Find the value of $$\sqrt3\csc 20^o -\sec 20^o.$$   How do you solve this? Please help. Don't even know how to start this.


Can I counter a creature casted last turn?

For example, My opponent cast a 10/10 creature and finish his turn (I have no cards), I draw a card and it is "Counterspell" I use it on his creature. Does his creature goes to the graveyard? or it happens nothing?


Are there any online guides, official or unofficial, to help create new classes?

I'm looking at creating a homebrew class for dnd-5e, but have had trouble finding resources to assist with this.  The DMG includes guidelines for modifying existing classes, but there don't appear to be any official guidelines/rules for creating classes from scratch.  Are there any online guides to help with class creation?  If you are answering with an unofficial guide, please back it up with your experience using it, and include a fairly detailed description of good and bad points.


Given a complete graph of $n$ vertices $K_n$ (has all possible edges – one edge between pair of vertices).

Given a complete graph of n vertices $K_n$ (has all possible edges – one edge between pair of vertices). Use counting to find a formula in $n$ for the number of edges in the graph.  I know that the formula is $\frac{n(n-1)}{2}$ (or at least that's what I think it is from what  said.  Though I am not sure how to actually start deriving the formula to come to that conclusion. Any guidance would be great.


Integrating $\int_0^{\infty} \frac{dx}{1+x^3}$ using residues.

I want to calculate the integral:  $$I \equiv \int_0^{\infty} \frac{dx}{1+x^3}$$  using residue calculus. I'm having trouble coming up with a suitable contour. I tried to take a contour in the shape of a quarter of a circle of radius $R$, then take the limit. The circular arc tends to zero, but the vertical fragment is problematic. I'm getting:  $$\int_0^{\infty} \frac{dx}{1+x^3} + \int_0^{\infty} \frac{idy}{1-iy^3} = w$$  where $w$ is the residue from the singularity at $e^{i \frac{\pi}{3}}$. If the second integral was purely imaginary, then it would be no problem, but it has a real part:  $$\int_0^{\infty} \frac{dx}{1+x^3} - \int_0^{\infty} \frac{x^3dx}{1+x^6} + i\int_0^{\infty} \frac{dx}{1+x^6} =w$$  So to get the answer I would have to know the value of the second integral, which doesn't look any easier than the first, and indeed I am unable to relate the two. Perhaps this approach is doomed, and there is a simpler way?


I have seen many good comments that really improve the quality of questions and answers, and I think they deserve a bit of reputation (maybe just 1 point) for a upvote.


Terminal and Software update crash on open, python installation related

I installed Python3 yesterday, but I have the feeling I didn't do a good job:  :~$ gnome-terminal Traceback (most recent call last):   File "/usr/bin/gnome-terminal", line 9, in <module>     from gi.repository import GLib, Gio   File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/gi/__init__.py", line 42, in <module>     from . import _gi ImportError: cannot import name '_gi' from 'gi' (/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/gi/__init__.py)   I get the same error when trying to remove the PPA (in 404) with:   add-apt-repository --remove ppa:/jonathonf/python-3.7   And yet, Python runs smoothly.  This might be helpful too:  ~$ python --version Python 2.7.15rc1 ~$ python3 --version Python 3.7.0b3 ~$ type -a python3; file $(type -aP python3) python3 is /usr/bin/python3 /usr/bin/python3: symbolic link to /etc/alternatives/python3 ~$ python3.5 --version # Expected, I installed 3.6 and 3.7 - I only added the 3.5 link as a following desperate attempt bash: /usr/lib/command-not-found: /usr/bin/python3: bad interpreter: No such file or directory ~$ python3.6 --version Python 3.6.5 ~$ python3.7 --version Python 3.7.0b3   Running Ubuntu 18.04  The error persists after re-installing gnome-terminal.  I've found  that doesn't have an answer, but they suggest to re-install Ubuntu, like, I hope they're joking (:


How to backup/restore system custom keyboard shortcuts?

Is it possible to backup the custom keyboard shortcuts and restore them when doing a fresh install?


I wanna check if my string is valid windows file path. I was searching around and it seems that there is no reliable method to do that. Also I checked boost filesystem library , and no obvious function exist to do this check , maybe something like is_valid_windows_name


$\frac {a_{n+1}}{a_n} \le \frac {b_{n+1}}{b_n}$ If $\sum_{n=1}^\infty b_n$ converges then $\sum_{n=1}^\infty a_n$ converges as well

We have two positive series: $\displaystyle\sum_{n=1}^\infty a_n$, $\displaystyle\sum_{n=1}^\infty b_n$ and we know that: $\frac {a_{n+1}}{a_n} \le \frac {b_{n+1}}{b_n}$ (from a certain index). Show that if $\displaystyle\sum_{n=1}^\infty b_n$ converges then $\displaystyle\sum_{n=1}^\infty a_n$ converges as well.   I think I know how to do it with contrapositive (suppose $a_n$ diverges, show it's bounded by $b_n$ thus it can't diverge) but I don't know how to show that $\frac {a_{n+1}}{a_n} \le \frac {b_{n+1}}{b_n} \Rightarrow a_n \le b_n \ \forall n$.


How to write a loop while inside heredoc

I am using heredoc statement for printing html, but how can we embed php code inside that html for example:   $results = $conn->query($sql);  $html = <<<html

             ID	             Technician	             Project	             Region	             Date	             Type	             Notes

         <?php while($row = $results->fetch_assoc()):
             {$row['ID']}	             {$row['Technician']}	             {$row['Project']}	             {$row['Region']}	             {$row['Date']}	             {$row['Type']}	             {$row['Notes']}
         <?php endwhile; ?>

 html;   How can we do something like that . . .


How to automate PHP 7 installation on Ubuntu 16.04 in Docker?

I am trying to create a Dockerfile to install PHP 7 on Ubuntu 16.04. This is supposed to fully automate the whole installation process. However, during the installation, it prompts me to select a Geographic area, which completely defeats the purpose.  The directive I am using is:  RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y php   And here is the prompt:    How can I automate this? Maybe prepare some predefined values for the prompts in some manner?  Note: I am aware of this image link: . Unfortunately, the scripts there are overly complicated for me. I just need something nice and simple.  Thanks!


Here's a  that was closed before it was asked :)


Newbie Q: Is "Field Level Security" the same as "Field Accessibility"?

There are two buttons that seem very similar when viewing the detial page for an object: Set Field Level Security and View Field Accessibility. They both seem to allow you to set the field level security.  Are these ("Field Level Security" and "Field Accessibility") basically the same thing?


!package inputenc error unicode character (u+200a)

im currently writing my bachelors thesis and while inserting some cites and adding something to my bib file the above mentioned error occured. i tried to "fix" it by removing all the steps prior to the occuring error but it still remains and i just cant find any solution. since im a total newbie in latex, i would be grateful for any quick help! i found something that should remove this error but it doesnt:  \DeclareUnicodeCharacter{200}{„ “}   which i insert directly after   \usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}   but that still doesnt solve it  thx in advance guys!


this is the result of "ifconfig" on my kali machine's terminal.  eth0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500         ether 08:00:27:89:03:db  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)         RX packets 24777  bytes 35808688 (34.1 MiB)         RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0         TX packets 2835  bytes 281241 (274.6 KiB)         TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0  lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING>  mtu 65536         inet 127.0.0.1  netmask 255.0.0.0         inet6 ::1  prefixlen 128  scopeid 0x10<host>         loop  txqueuelen 1000  (Local Loopback)         RX packets 730  bytes 59354 (57.9 KiB)         RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0         TX packets 730  bytes 59354 (57.9 KiB)         TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0  wlan0mon: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500         unspec 10-0D-7F-C1-66-36-30-3A-00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00  txqueuelen 1000  (UNSPEC)         RX packets 14754  bytes 3884790 (3.7 MiB)         RX errors 0  dropped 14607  overruns 0  frame 0         TX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)         TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0   I want to run a network scanner on my wlan0mon interface and so I need the network IP. How to find the IP Address? Also what is that 32 digit hex code?   Thanks


If I have a Xaml Window, how does one open it as a child window, and then have the parent window wait for the child to close before the parent window continues executing?


How to reduce or make the space equal of linespacing before and after the $$ something $$ ?


It's my first time to use blender. I've been looking for youtube tutorials and other use modeling, others are sculpting. I don't know what to use. Modeling seems more precise and more accurate but sculpting seems easier than modeling. I've been modeling an original anime style character for a while now but I'm sure if I'll continue that or switch to sculpting. What should I use and when to use these two? Also, is this that right place to ask these kind of questions?


Prerequisites and introduction to string theory

Can someone please give me the prerequisites and mathematics required for string theory? Are there some good references to study it, both online and in a book? Please consider I am a newbie in string theory, and only about up to the level explained in Hawking's Brief History of Time and Penrose's Road to Reality. I would prefer something which does not omit rigor, but builds it up.Also, are there good online lectures on this?  (I have covered most of GR, but I am not really comfortable with advanced Quantum mechanics. I have studied QM only from Griffith's book, and a few McGraw hill lecture notes.)


Ubuntu 13.04 update error in terminal window

I coudn't update my newly installed ubuntu software. i get error like this  matha@matha-HCL-Notebook:~$ sudo apt-get update [sudo] password for matha:  E: Could not get lock /var/lib/apt/lists/lock - open (11: Resource temporarily unavailable) E: Unable to lock directory /var/lib/apt/lists/


Generalization of "player" and "team" in sports

In a programming context, I need to refer to players and teams interchangeably (in sports). I'm looking for a word - noun or adjective - that would be a generalization of those two terms. I can't seem to find one that would be appropriate at the moment.  The context that has me looking for a generic term is that both players and teams are capable of accumulating stats over a season (specifically, in hockey). Hence, they both share the common property of having stats.  Any suggestions?


Valid US visa in expired South African passport

My South African passport expires next year, but my USA visa is still valid for 8 years. Will the USA visa be carried over to my new passport?


What does the "machine" in "support vector machine" and "restricted Boltzmann machine" mean?

Why are they called "machines"? Is there an origin to the word "machine" used in this context? (Like the name "linear programming" can be confusing but we know why it is called "programming.")


Redircting stdout to file, but duplicating stderr to both file and terminal

Redirecting stderr to file and duplicating stdout to both file and terminal is easy:    $ prog 2>error.log | tee output.log   tee will duplicate stdout, printing it to both terminal and output.log.  But what about redirecting stdout to file, and duplicating stderr to both terminal and file? How can that be accomplished? is there a tee equivalent that will duplicate stderr instead of stdout?


How do I start a new community for home repair (appliances, garage doors, roofs)?

I'd like to start a new community, namely Household Repairs. Since becoming a home owner ten years ago, I have done about 20 - 30 repairs on wildly disparate devices that I didn't have a clue about when I started. There are plenty of sites that already do this kind of thing, but they are nowhere near as discipline or non-commercial as Stack. Help a brother out. How do I start a new community?


update on ubuntu 14.04 "E: Some index files failed to download. They have been ignored, or old ones used instead."

I called sudo apt-get update, i got something like this  Err http: //ppa.launchpad.net trusty/main i386 Packages   404  Not Found this  Err http: //ppa.launchpad.net trusty/main i386 Packages    404  Not Found and this is what the last line look like  W: Failed to fetch http: //ppa.launchpad.net/marlin-devs/marlin-daily/ubuntu/dists/trusty/main/binary-i386/Packages  404  Not Found W: Failed to fetch http: //ppa.launchpad.net/tiheum/equinox/ubuntu/dists/trusty/main/binary-i386/Packages  404  Not Found E: Some index files failed to download. They have been ignored, or old ones used instead.  SO, anyone can help me?? FYI, this is from Ubuntu 14.04


Display first 50 characters only in php,mysql

I have two fields in database table, title and description. I am displaying tha data in php while loop.  My Code :   $sql = "select * from sightseeing";     $i = 1;     $res = mysql_query($sql, $conn);      if( mysql_num_rows($res) > 0) {         while($row = mysql_fetch_array($res))        {          echo "
           ".$i++."	           ".$row["title"]."	           ".$row["description"]."
";       }    }   I want to show only first 50 characters from description field. How to do that?


How is Russell’s Paradox equal to the universal set?

How is Russell’s Paradox, which is defined as the collection $$ \{ x \mid x \notin x \}, $$ equal to the universal set $ \{ x \mid x = x \} $? Do we assume that if $ x = x $, then $ x \notin x $? My question is specifically what is written at the end of Page 21 of .  Thanks for any help!


How do you read CSS rule values with JavaScript?

I would like to return a string with all of the contents of a CSS rule, like the format you'd see in an inline style. I'd like to be able to do this without knowing what is contained in a particular rule, so I can't just pull them out by style name (like .style.width etc.)   The CSS:  .test {     width:80px;     height:50px;     background-color:#808080; }   The code so far:  function getStyle(className) {     var classes = document.styleSheets[0].rules || document.styleSheets[0].cssRules     for(var x=0;x<classes.length;x++) {         if(classes[x].selectorText==className) {             //this is where I can collect the style information, but how?         }     } } getStyle('.test')


How do I calculate the date six months from the current date using the datetime Python module?

I am using the datetime Python module.  I am looking to calculate the date 6 months from the current date. Could someone give me a little help doing this?  The reason I want to generate a date 6 months from the current date is to produce a review date.  If the user enters data into the system it will have a review date of 6 months from the date they entered the data.


Have a file named ~ (tilde) in my home-directory

I just noticed that I have a file called ~ in my ~-directory.  $ ls -la ~ ... -rw-r-----  1 x1 x1  733962240 Mar  1 17:55 ~ ...   Any idea how I can mv or rm it?


Does existence of magnetic monopole break covariant form of Maxwell’s equations for potentials?

Absence of magnetic charges is reflected in one of Maxwell's fundamental equations: $$\operatorname{div} \vec B = 0. \tag1$$ This equation allows us to introducte concept of vector potential: $$\vec B = \operatorname{rot} \vec A.$$ Using this concept, it is possible to express Maxwell's equations in a graceful symmetric form: $$\nabla^2 \vec A - \frac{1}{c^2}\frac{\partial^2 \vec A}{\partial t^2} = - \frac{\vec j}{\epsilon_0 c^2}, \tag2$$ $$ \nabla^2 \phi -\frac{1}{c^2}\frac{\partial^2 \phi}{\partial t^2} = - \frac{\rho}{\epsilon_0}. \tag3 $$  Noticing, that vector $\vec A$ and scalar $\phi$ potentials, as well as electric current density $\vec j$ and charge density $\rho$, form a 4-vector in Minkovsky space-time. Therefore, Maxwell's equations can be expressed in a covariant form, using d'Alembertian: $$\nabla_{\mu}\nabla^{\mu} A_{\nu} = \frac{j_{\nu}}{\epsilon_0}. \tag4$$  If magnetic monopols exist, Maxwell's equation $(1)$ will look as: $$\operatorname{div} \vec B = \mu_0 c \rho_{\mathrm{magnet}}.$$  As the divergence of $\vec{B}$ isn't equal to zero, it impossible to introduce concept of vector potential. Thus, the equation in the form of $(4)$ will not be possible to express.


\let\foo\bar vs \let\foo=\bar (let with equals sign)

Both uses of the \let primitive often lead to the same result. Is this even true for every case? What was the thought process behind it. And if they are actually not equivalent, are there particular situations in which you can only use one or the other?  Addendum  Summary  As your plenty and nice answers show, there are cases in which you clearly have to respect one of the variations (for instance regarding assignments to '=' and macros that check for spaces). These were totally understandable points and they explain a lot. Now, @Werner's answer confirmed one ingenuous thought of mine:     "The use of = is purely to emphasize the fact that an assignment is being made [...]"   Moreover Knuth himself seem to have intended the synopsis including the '=', though he also used the other way. Why did he include it then? It will probabilly have to do with the exact meaning of the TeX source snippet cited by @Werner. To be honest, I don't know WEB either, but if there is someone who does, can he explain it (in very easy terms) by adding an edit to his answer? New answers are clearly welcome too.  Side Note  As an element of a gray area I found an example where using the syntax including the equal sign causes "difficulties":  If you have control sequences which need the 'csname-expandafter' mechanism, and you want to stick to the minimal exploitation of \expandafter by saying  \expandafter\let\csname foo1\expandafter\endcsname\csname bar1\endcsname   you can't add an equal sign because it would distract TeX from reading the \expandafters correctly. To get the equal sign work you would need to use the slightly unhandier version  \expandafter\let\csname foo1\expandafter\endcsname\expandafter=\csname bar1\endcsname


Input and output clamping current of the IC 4082

I was reading the  of the IC 4082 but I was not able to understand what are input clamping current and output clamping current of the integrated circuit. Can someone explain these terms?


How can I fix the dark corners on the rear LCD of my Nikon D7000?

I have a Nikon D7000. The rear LCD is showing some dark shadows. All four corners have this dark shadow but the shadows on upper and lower corners on the right side of the LCD is bigger. At first I thought it's a lens issue then I changed the lens and it's the same. Live view is pretty alarming with these corner patches.   My images are not affected by this dark shadow. I even tried removing the hood/filter. What could be the reason behind this problem and is there any way to solve this?  If anyone has faced the same issue, is there any solution or advice??


Does the weight of a steel ball changes when submerged in water?

Will there be a difference in the weight of just the ball under water Vs in normal atmospheric pressure conditions i.e. a weighing scale with the steel ball on it Vs in vacuum assuming earth's gravity is same in all three cases


How to get claims of logged in user in Salesforce iOS SDK

I have integrated "SalesforceMobileSDK-iOS-Distribution" library in my iOS native application from this link to achieve  scenario as mentioned below        1) I have a HOME screen in my iOS native application. 2) From there I have to navigate to Salesforce login screen. 3) User will enter credentials and Salesforce will validate it. 4) Once logged in success then it will back to my HOME screen with token/sessionID. 5) That token/sessionID I will use internally in my application.    in my application I implemented code like   - (IBAction)login:(UIButton*)sender {      NSString *strClientID = @"2kN3Bn17hv5A1f.3QFK.....";     NSString *strCallbackURI = @"https://localhost:0000/signin-salesforce";      NSString *kIdentifier = @"com.salesforce.ios";      SFOAuthCredentials *creds = [[SFOAuthCredentials alloc] initWithIdentifier:kIdentifier clientId:strClientID encrypted:YES];     creds.redirectUri = strCallbackURI;      _oauthCoordinator = [[SFOAuthCoordinator alloc] initWithCredentials:creds];     // _oauthCoordinator.scopes = [NSSet setWithObjects: @"web", nil]; /* If I pass scopes then I'm getting "Invalid scopes even I enabled same scopes in salesforce as a connected app" */     _oauthCoordinator.delegate = self;     [_oauthCoordinator authenticate]; }  #pragma mark - SFOAuthCoordinatorDelegate  - (void)oauthCoordinator:(SFOAuthCoordinator *)manager didBeginAuthenticationWithView:(UIWebView *)webView {      CGRect newFrame = self.view.frame;     newFrame.origin.y +=64;     webView.frame = newFrame;     [self.view addSubview:webView]; }  - (void)oauthCoordinatorDidAuthenticate:(SFOAuthCoordinator *)coordinator authInfo:(SFOAuthInfo *)info {     [self.oauthCoordinator.view removeFromSuperview];     NSLog(@"authType = %d",info.authType);     NSLog(@"accessToken = %@",coordinator.credentials.accessToken);     NSLog(@"refreshToken = %@",coordinator.credentials.refreshToken);     NSLog(@"instanceUrl = %@",[coordinator.credentials.instanceUrl description]);     NSLog(@"issuedAt = %@",[coordinator.credentials.issuedAt descriptionWithLocale:[NSLocale currentLocale]]);     NSLog(@"userId = %@",coordinator.credentials.userId);     NSLog(@"organizationId = %@",coordinator.credentials.organizationId);     NSLog(@"communityId = %@",coordinator.credentials.communityId);     NSLog(@"legacyIdentityInformation = %@",coordinator.credentials.legacyIdentityInformation);     NSLog(@"activationCode = %@",coordinator.credentials.activationCode); }  - (void)oauthCoordinator:(SFOAuthCoordinator *)coordinator didFailWithError:(NSError *)error authInfo:(SFOAuthInfo *)info {      [self.oauthCoordinator.view removeFromSuperview];     UIAlertView *alert = [[UIAlertView alloc] initWithTitle:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"Error %d", error.code]                                                     message:error.localizedDescription                                                    delegate:nil                                           cancelButtonTitle:@"OK"                                           otherButtonTitles:nil];     [alert show]; }  Output log 2014-12-19 12:55:45.946 SampeSalesforce[24576:607] authType = 1 2014-12-19 12:55:45.947 SampeSalesforce[24576:607] accessToken = MAQOGHGMlDR.keKCErM5MAIHJI65S5ABF646DBB89AB767FBAB77575l2Dbf4Z6UkdYnE8x70BoXLzP 2014-12-19 12:55:45.948 SampeSalesforce[24576:607] refreshToken = (null) 2014-12-19 12:55:45.948 SampeSalesforce[24576:607] instanceUrl = (null) 2014-12-19 12:55:45.948 SampeSalesforce[24576:607] issuedAt = (null) 2014-12-19 12:55:45.948 SampeSalesforce[24576:607] userId = (null) 2014-12-19 12:55:45.948 SampeSalesforce[24576:607] organizationId = (null) 2014-12-19 12:55:45.949 SampeSalesforce[24576:607] communityId = (null) 2014-12-19 12:55:45.949 SampeSalesforce[24576:607] legacyIdentityInformation = (null)   I could able to logged in and getting "accessToken" but I need get claims of logged in user such as first name, last name, email etc...  How can I get these info? is there anyway to get it by calling RestAPI? Please help me. Thanks in advance.


Downloading all photos from iCloud Photo Library without Photos app

I have an iCloud account with about 800 photos stored in iCloud Photo Library. I’m trying to move them to a Mac and delete them from iCloud in order to clear up space.  I tried to connect my Mac to iCloud Photo Library by going into the Photos app’s preferences; however it then asks me to upgrade to a paid iCloud storage tier because I have over 5GB worth of local images that Photos wants to sync to iCloud.  So I don't think using the Photos app is going to work for offloading pictures to a Mac.  I then logged in to the Photos app at iCloud.com. I was able to select and download individual images, but it won’t let me select more than one at a time, so I can’t download them all in bulk. Selecting the first image, holding down the ⇧ shift key, then selecting the last image causes only the last image to be selected.  I could click on all 800 images while holding the ⌘ cmd key, but that’s obviously very tedious.  What’s the most efficient way to download images from iCloud Photo Library to a Mac that can’t connect to iCloud Photo Library without upgrading to a paid plan?


When an article for a long time is under review ,how can we send a letter to editor for status manuscript

we have submitted our article to a journal  but for a long time status is under review . what can we mention in our eamil to editor for condition the article?


Create bootable Windows 8.1 iso using ubuntu

I'm wondering if anyone can give me some guidance as to how to create a bootable Windows 8.1 installation iso using Ubuntu/Linux. The deal is that I had to extract the files from an existing iso so I could make some mods to the configuration. Now I need to wrap the iso up again and boot into it using virtualbox.  For reasons I'd rather not go into, I can't create a bootable USB or CD, and I can't do this using Windows. Is there a pure Linux solution to my problem?


Run a command when system is idle and when is active again

I want to run a command when the user becomes inactive (the system is idle). For example:  echo "You started to be inactive."   Also, when the user becomes active again (the system is not idle anymore):  echo "You started to be active, again."   I need a shell script that will do this. Is this possible without a timer/interval? Maybe some system events?


Web Server OAUTH flow without user interaction

I am trying to access Salesforce resources , through another application using an integration user. There is no user intervention to click/approve/allow the authentication. All needs to happen through program. My ask is-  Can I use Web Server authentication flow or User-Agent authentication flow? I want to avoid UserName-password flow.


How many individual lights can an arduino control

I want to use a regular Arduino board to control LEDs - what is the most lights I can control individually from the board?  Is there a tutorial on how to hook it up?


What do "business clout" and "at the margin" mean in this context?

The results show Singapore’s growing business clout, driven in part by an expanding financial and insurance industry, which makes up about 13 percent of the economy. “London will remain a major financial center,” he said. “At the margin there will some shift to other financial centers in Europe.”   source:


I only know that the rational and irrational are together called real numbers. Rational numbers can be written in the form $\frac {p}{ q}$ ,where $p \in \mathbb Z$ and $q \in \mathbb Z$.  Are there any additional information which I left? If 'yes' then please tell me the alternative definitions.How to answer it in an interview? Thank you in advance.


Annoying "jumps" to visualforce page that is located on page layout

I have added a visualforce page to one of our case's page layouts. The Visualforce page has an input field and that's it, you insert the input yourself and hit save.  Users in my org are complaining that every time they view a case, it 'jumps' to the section of the visualforce page. it's like the VF page's input has autofocus attribute or something.   Can someone provide a solution for this?  VF Page:  <apex:page standardController="Case" extensions="CreateRelatedAppsInCaseExtension">     <apex:form id="rerenderForm" rendered="true">         <apex:messages />         <apex:inputText value="{! searchBy }" style="float:left;" styleClass="searchBy" />         <apex:commandButton value="Search" action="{!search}" reRender="rerenderForm"></apex:commandButton>     </apex:form> </apex:page>


I have come to assume that.... I have come to believe that...   How would you parse this. Is "come to" a phrasal modal?


Can airlines deny boarding if my port of entry is different than the country which issued the Schengen visa?

Few days back I did a Europe tour from India. As stated by many (I haven't confirmed official documents), I can apply for a visa from the country which is either my first port of entry in this case Paris or the longest stay which in this case was Italy.  Now following is what happened with me.   My flight was New Delhi to Paris via Istanbul with Turkish Airlines I Traveled from New Delhi to Istanbul (no problem here). When I was boarding to flight Istanbul to Paris, zhe airlines officials (the ones who checks the boarding pass before boarding the flight) told me that I could not board the flight because my visa was issued by Italy and I need to go to Italy First. They were denying the longest stay option of the visa. Moreover NONE of the staff of Istanbul airport were able to understand English so I had to go to a lot of problems before I managed to get tickets to Venice. I somehow managed to fly to Venice from Istanbul after almost 24 hours of struggle at Istanbul airport (without food and water).   So, my question is do the airlines staff have a right to deny flight boarding in this case?


I want a table that is as wide as the whole page in a document with option twocolumn. The table has to be inserted on the bottom of the page, but that is not necessary.  I've tried:  \begin{table*}[b]   ... \end{table*}   But that puts the table at the end of the document instead of on the same page.  I also tried:  \twocolumn[   \begin{table}[b]     ...   \end{table} ]   But that gives me an error: ! Argument of \@xfloat has an extra }. Combining \twocolumn and the star mark gives the same error.  What's the right way to do this?


I got this "glass" effect after i applied a material on some branches in blender 2.91

[EDITORS NOTE - This problem is occurring with an Nvidia GPU, and is not related to the current AMD Driver issue.]   I have 2 branches, and I made a group with those two. The first one worked great, but the second got a very weird glass effect, and not just that one, after I applied the texture in a copy of the first one, it didn't work. I want to mention that the second one didn't have the body (like gray or something, like the cube from the startup), it was kinda clear.


What is the correct formula for Bayesian update for normal distribution with known variance

As question title states, I'm interesting in Bayesian update of normally distributed data with known variance. I compared three sources and they seems to contradict each other. I use some kind of unified notation:  1)   $$\mu_{post} = \frac{n\times\sigma_{prior}^2}{\sigma_{known}^2+n \times\sigma_{prior}^2}\times \bar x+\frac{\sigma_{known}^2}{\sigma_{known}^2+n\times\sigma_{prior}^2}\times \mu_{prior}$$  $$\sigma_{post}^2=(\frac{1}{\sigma_{prior}^2}+\frac{n}{\sigma_{known}^2})^{-1}$$  2)   $$\mu_{post} = \frac{\sigma_{prior}^2}{\frac{\sigma_{known}^2}{n}+\sigma_{prior}^2}\times \bar x+\frac{\sigma_{known}^2}{\frac{\sigma_{known}^2}{n}+\sigma_{prior}^2}\times \mu_{prior}$$  $$\sigma_{post}^2=(\frac{1}{\sigma_{prior}^2}+\frac{n}{\sigma_{known}^2})^{-1}$$  3)   $$\mu_{post} = \frac{\frac{n}{\sigma_{known}^2}}{\frac{n}{\sigma_{known}^2}+\sigma_{prior}^2}\times \bar x+\frac{\sigma_{prior}^2}{\frac{n}{\sigma_{known}^2}+\sigma_{prior}^2}\times \mu_{prior}$$  $$\sigma_{post}^2=(\sigma_{prior}^2+\frac{n}{\sigma_{known}^2})^{-1}$$  I'm asking for two things:  1) verification of my notation changes from original sources  2) if they are correct, explanation of the difference between them


Is it possible to choose keyboard layout via terminal command?

Lubuntu 13.10. Keyboard model pc 105. I have 4 keyboard layouts - RU, PL, FR, UA. Is it possible to choose needed layout by command line in terminal?  Command setxkbmap -layout fr not working for choosing French keyboard layout.


Why do we use decibels instead of just using intensity to measure how loud things are?

In my physics book, it says that in the human ear, the sensation of loudness is approximately logarithmic. And that the relative sound intensity is directly proportional to a logarithmic ratio expressed as follows:  $ \beta = 10\log(\frac{I}{I_0}) $  So does that mean an average human wont perceive a , for example , sound of intensity $2*10^{-5} \frac{W}{m^2}$ to be a as twice as loud as a sound that has an intensity of $1*10^{-5}\frac{W}{m^2}$ , while they will perceive a sound that is $ 10 dB$ to be twice as loud as one that is $5dB$ ?


Object reference error in function in class

I've defined a function in a class like this. In this class, a value is either looked up or calculated if not found among a list of already calculate values.  If calculated anew, the result is stored in a list so that I can look it up in subsequent calls.  The problem is that the compiler doesn't like the way I do it and tells me   An object reference is required for the non-static field, method or property App.GetGoodFontSize(string, Size).   I don't understand what the compiler suggests. Which object reference does it mean?  Thank you.  public class App : Application {     private List<udt> _list = new List<udt>();      private class udt     {         public int iLen { get; set; }         public Size nSize { get; set; }         public double FontSize { get; set; }     }      public double GetGoodFontSize(string uText, Xamarin.Forms.Size uTextRect)     {         for (int i = 0; i < _list.Count; i++)         {             if ((_list[i].iLen == uText.Length) && (_list[i].nSize == uTextRect))             {                 return _list[i].FontSize;             }         }          int iBest = 100;          for (int i = 100; i > 6; i--)         {             Size nSize = GetTextSize(uText, i);              if (nSize.Width <= uTextRect.Width)             {                 if (nSize.Height <= uTextRect.Height)                 {                     iBest = i;                     break;                 }             }         }          udt n = new udt();         n.iLen = uText.Length;         n.nSize = uTextRect;         n.FontSize = iBest;         _list.Add(n);          return iBest;     }


What is light, a wave or a particle or A wave-particle?

What is light? And how do we know that light is an electromagnetic wave? I asked my teacher and he said that when you place a compass in light's path, the needle of the compass rotates. Which I think is not a valid answer and thats not what actually happens when we place a compass in path of a light.


How can I install Cortana on Windows 10 again?

I uninstalled Cortana because I found it was an annoying feature that bothered me more than it helped me. After uninstalling it though I realized that some other windows features such as the search option disappeared with it, which is why I want it back.  I used this method to uninstall it -   It seems to have completely removed all Cortana files, which is why all other options of installing/re-installing it that I have found don't seem to work. If instead of adding it there were a way of just getting the search option back I would appreciate that also.


Preformatted text starting with less-than signs is not displayed, if wrapped in tags instead of indentation

I have asked a question  and had to add logs in there, these logs have lines starting with >>> and <<< symbol sequences. To my surprise, the preview and the actual visible version of the question do not contain the lines starting with <<<, and some more lines that come after these signs up to the second line starting with >>>, as if the sequence between these signs was eliminated as a disallowed HTML tag.  I expect this to be some sort of HTML tag search malfunction, as the text was wrapped in <pre><code> tag sequence. The bug does not occur if indentation is applied to all log text. You can check 2nd review for details.


A friend shared , which includes a description of this solitaire card game:  On snowy afternoons, you like to play a solitaire “game” with a standard, randomly shuffled deck of 52 cards. You start dealing cards face up, one at a time, into a pile. As you deal each card, you also speak aloud, in order, the 13 card faces in a standard deck: ace, two, three, etc. (When you get to king, you start over at ace.) You keep doing this until the rank of the card you deal matches the rank you speak aloud, in which case you lose. You win if you reach the end of the deck without any matches. What is the probability that you win?  My friend observed "Surely it can't be as easy as just $(\frac{12}{13})^{52}$, right?"  I agreed and tried to perform a rigorous analysis, but found that the problem quickly became intractable--or at least more effort than seemed worthwhile--and decided to just wait for the solution to be posted. When it , it said that $(\frac{12}{13})^{52}$ ≈ 1.5573% was indeed the solution.  I have my doubts, though. First of all, I ran simulations of a million games, and found a winning percentage of about 1.6361%, which differs from the given solution to a degree that appears significant. Secondly, my intuition tells me that, whatever card is drawn first, if it's not an ace (ending the game immediately), then there are only three cards of that rank remaining, improving the chances of avoiding a loss each time the player speaks that rank aloud later in the game.  Similar logic holds for every draw but the last, leading to a slightly elevated winning chance, which agrees with my simulations. So: Am I correct?  If so, is there a straightforward formula for the winning probability?


Offsetting symbology position in ArcGIS Desktop?

My data of polylines has lots of attributes to be rendered with a symbology, I made it such that each attribute of interest would be a layer. I would like to display each of these layers at the same time so that the attributes could be seen at the same time. Since the top layers cover the lower ones, I set the symbology so that the layers would have increasing different thickness, with the most bottom layer having the thickest line.  Is there a better way to do this, like offsetting a layer's symbology a little bit to the left or right so that each layer can be displayed side by side? Visually, something like .  I'm using ArcGIS 10.


I got the Ubuntu Unity desktop on my Chromebook through Chroot. I realized there was a update ready, 14.04 Trusty Tahr. I start the process, and it gets to where the computer restarts. When I boot the computer back up, the Chroot is unable to start again. Did the update make the Chroot invalid??


Usage of enclosing braces {} as arguments to commands and their options

Examples  I've recently found examples of using pairs of enclosing braces {}, with nothing in between the opening and closing braces, as arguments to commands and even to their options:  cat foo | xargs -I{} echo {}  find . -size 0 -exec rm -i {} \;  No Documentation  My problem is that I cannot find a documentation in the  that describes the usage of {} in such context as in the examples above.  I do not think it is a , because a dollar sign must precede the enclosing braces in a parameter expansion as in ${}.  It cannot be a  either, because it takes the form of {x..y[..incr]}, where x and y are not optional.  It also cannot be a  either, because {} is used as arguments.  Questions   What does a pair of enclosing braces {} even mean, in general, as an argument to any command that accepts it? Where can I find a documentation that describes the usage of {} as arguments?


The following is a thought on the proof of the integral test. I am looking forward to knowing if it provides a correct understanding.     For $n>N$ we can write, $\sum_{n=N}^{\infty} a_n = \sum_{k=N}^{\infty} f(k)$.   We can observe, $\sum_{k=N}^{b-1} f(k) \Delta x > \int_{N}^{b}f(x)dx$, where the L.H.S of the inequality is the upper Riemann sum, $b-1>N$ and $\Delta x$ is a constant.   1) $\lim_{b\rightarrow \infty} \int_{N} ^{b}f(x)dx$ diverges.   It is clear that $\sum_{k=N}^{\infty} f(k) \Delta x$ diverges. Since $\Delta x$ is a constant, we can write,  $ \Delta x \sum_{k=N}^{\infty} f(k)$. This tells us that the series diverges.   We can observe that the lower sum is less than the finite integral. The series corresponding to the lower sum is $\sum_{k=N+1}^{b} f(k)$. As $b\rightarrow \infty$, the series can be written as, $\sum_{k=N}^{\infty} f(k) - f(N)$. This diverges because the infinite sum diverges.   2) $\lim_{b\rightarrow \infty} \int_{N}^{b}f(x) dx$ converges.   Here, the lower sum converges because it is less than the finite integral. We can say, $\Delta x\sum_{k=N+1}^{b} f(k)$ converges and so does the series.   The series corresponding to the upper sum is $\sum_{N}^{\infty} f(k)$. This can be written as $\sum_{N+1}^{\infty} f(k)+f(N)$. This converges because the series converges.   This ends the proof.


Why don't the Death Eaters kidnap Harry?

In the books, Harry consistently takes seemingly Muggle routes to Platform 9 3/4, to Hogwarts by train (which has been boarded before), or at his place on Privet Drive, (just to name a few of the times) as it seems that he was (nearly) unprotected (magically) most of the time.   Why don't the DE just Apparate in and kidnap him while he's at his most vulnerable?  Edit for clarity: Per the comments and answers, Voldemort was highly against any of the Death Eaters killing Harry, but why not kidnap him directly, rather than put his name in the Triwizard cup? For instance, why not on the train to Hogwarts among other such places? I have reworded the question to lose the specifics (as they seem to get my questions in trouble) and make it more general. I hope this clears up some of the confusion, but if anyone has any edits to make this question more legible, I'd be more than happy to see them.  Also to note, there is protection against Harry dying at Privet Drive, but kidnapping is not listed as something that can't be done from what I can deduce. There may be evidence to the contrary, but I am unable to find it.


I wonder if there is a counterpart to java.util.LinkedHashMap in .NET? (ie. the elements are (re)ordered automatically if I access an element. (boolean accessOrder) ).


I wanted to make a table with the text centered in every box of the table, both horizontally and vertically. This is my code:   \renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.5} \begin{center}  \begin{tabular}{ |>{\centering}p{0.5cm}|>{\centering}p{0.5cm}|>{\centering}p{0.5cm}|p{0.5cm}| } \hline A & B & C & $\varphi$ \\ \hline \end{tabular} \end{center}   and this is the result:  (I removed the other 8 lines of the code, because they were basically the same)    And now the thing is, the fourth column isn't centered and when I put >{\centering} before p{0.5cm}, exactly how I did on the first 3 columns, Tex would give me     Any ideas how to fix this?  Thanks.


Where can you find the quantities of each amino acid of a particular protein or food?

Taking a potato as an example. If I wanted to know how much µg or % of each of it's amino acids there are in 1 gram of pure potato protein, where can I find this information?   Is there a freely accessible database online with these statistics? Or, one that contains something for each protein from which this could be derived? (and if so how?)


App crash in my real phone, but runs well on Android Emulator

I'm developing a app, which works pretty well on the Android Studio Emulator, but when I built a APK and installed on my phone, it closes and crashes. So I decided to run it on my phone, debugging with ADB.  Looks like the problem is in line 67 of that Java code ()  for (int i = 0; i < itemlist.size();i++){         Points item = itemlist.get(i);         googleMap.addMarker(new MarkerOptions()                 .position(new LatLng(Double.valueOf(item.getPosx()), Double.valueOf(item.getPosy())))                 .snippet(item.getDescription())                 .icon(BitmapDescriptorFactory.fromResource(MarkerChange(item.getType())))                 .title(item.getName()));      }   .. But I wasn't able to fix that, someone can give me some help with this issue?  Thanks... and sorry for any posting mistake: I am a newbie here in StackOverflow and English isn't my native language.


I have to implement a simple Timer task for following scenario -   method1(){   .....      if(success){         trigger method2 for next 30 min every 15 sec      }   }   I have implemented this code using java.util.Timer and java.util.TimerTask and its working fine. However, my code will eventually be deployed as a web service in glassfish server. So I want to know will it create any problems due to glassfish container as I am indirectly using threads via Timer.  I am also not sure whether I should EJB Timer Bean. Can somebody please advise what are the pros and cons of both the approaches?


$$\int_{0}^{\infty }\sin(x^{2})dx$$  I'm confused with this integral because the square is on the x, not the whole function. How can I integrate it? Thank you.  I have not done complex analysis (only real analysis as I am a high school student) so how can I evaluate it using elementary functions (without complex analysis)?


Add a profile tab that shows edits to posts you've downvoted

Voting is one of the most important things on the network. An answer's score lets you know if the community trusts it; if you're likely to be getting correct information or not. And since our goal isn't just to help the OP, but to build a repository of information that helps the Make The Internet A Better Place, it's important that this voting be accurate. If downvotes linger on improved content, we're not marking it properly for future readers.  In an effort to combat this, I'd like to propose a variation on . I feel that the main reason for opposition was that people didn't want to be bothered by notifications every time there was an edit. So instead, I'd like to propose that we add a tab to your profile which displays edits to questions you've downvoted (as a subset of either the Votes tab).     No one would be bothered with notifications if they weren't interested in this info, and those who do want to be able to go back and see if they should reverse their votes will have any easy way to do so. Currently the only way to keep track is to keep a bunch of tabs open with posts you want to revisit. This isn't really practical, and eventually you're going to stop checking... This way you don't even have to think about it until it does happen, and you get a passive notification on your profile that you can look at whenever you like (or not at all!).  The ultimate goal here is to remove downvotes on posts that no longer warrant them. This helps us improve our system of distinguishing good vs bad content, which makes SE a better place.   Another thought I had is that this list could be filtered to only display edits made by the post owner. This would decrease the number of posts displayed (making it less overwhelming if you vote a lot) and also increase your chance of viewing an actionable post (making it more useful). I say it increases your chance of finding a post you want to change your vote on because, in general, we don't make edits to other people's answers which substantially change the meaning of the answer. So if an edit is made by the post owner, it's more likely to be an edit which would warrant changing your vote.   Anyway, these are just some thoughts. I look forward to hearing what the community has to think! This idea was sparked by comments on , where it came up that maybe a variation on this (highly voted!) feature request should be brought up for further discussion.


I want to read basic authentication use JavaScript     We can read cookie or user-agent to use document.cookie and navigator.userAgent but i want read (Authorization: Basic).


I've been using  heavily over the last few years, in my day-to-day job where I need to connect to Microsoft RDP servers. CoRD is perfect for my needs, mainly as it presents a single "unified" view: rather than having lots of windows open, there's just one window for all connected servers, and I click between which one I want to view.  However, CoRD was a bit flaky on Yosemite, and is downright unstable on El Capitan. I've tried various other RDP packages, including the "official" Microsoft client, but none of them are as simple and/or useful as CoRD.  CoRD development seems to have been abandoned years ago. Does anyone know of an alternative RDP client that'll easily support multiple simultaneous connections, preferably in a single window?


B1B2 Visa Stay Query: How long should I stay outside the US after a 10 week stay before which I can come in again?

So I have stayed in the US for a period of 10 weeks on my B1B2. My purpose is genuine. I was starting my company's base in a particular city and meeting clients and onboarding them. And now, I need to come back to the US after 4 weeks outside the US, but this time for a period of 3 weeks. This is because the clients already onboarded need to have a single round of meetings.  Is this okay? Will they stop me at immigration? Will it affect my visa?


Need sample DELETE Query where SQL Server by default takes PAGELOCK instead of ROWLOCK

I need a sample DELETE Query where SQL Server by default takes an X lock at Page Level and not at Row Level. BACKGROUND: In our purging SP, we are using DELETE Query with ROWLOCK hint and I want to proof to my manager that if we remove that ROWLOCK Hint, SQL Server might go to acquire locks at PAGE Level. We are suspecting that LOCK ESCALATION is happening because of the ROWLOCK hint which we have explicitly mentioned in the DELETE Query.


How to solve this grub problem on Ubuntu 18.04

I get a black screen with the following text when booting Ubuntu 18.04.      GNU GRUB  version 2.02      Minimal BASH-like line editing is supported. For the first word, TAB       lists possible command completions. Anywhere else TAB lists possible       device or file completions.  grub> _


What can we say about differentiability of $f$ at $c$?

$a < c < b$ ; $f:(a,b) \rightarrow \mathbb{R}$ and $ a , b , c \in \mathbb{R}$   Assume that $f$ is differentiable at every point of   $(a,b)\setminus \{c \}$ and $f^{'}$ has a limit at $c$ then what can we say about differentiability and continuity of $f$ at $c$ ?


Complex Numbers, Understanding Square Roots

Since $i^2 = -1$, then doesn't $i = \pm \sqrt[2]{i}$? How does $i$ only equal the plus part?


Blender 2.77 - glass shader looks like glossy shader

I downloaded Blender v2.77 and try to render Suzanne with HDRI Lighting.   First I've used a glossy shader, then a glass shader and it surprises me that the glass shader totally looks like glossy, it's not glass. When I switch back to Blender v2.76b and render the same file again, everything goes fine, glass is glass and glossy is glossy. See the images and the test file below.          Any ideas?


How many triplets $\left(m,n,p\right)$ where $p$ is prime satisfy $m^2-3mn+p^2n^2=12p$?  I've tried taking both sides of the equation modulo 2, 3, and 4, but it hasn't gotten me very far.


I am looking for lens help!  I am new to the DSLR world and just got a Canon T5.I posted on a local group looking for someone selling lenses. One person has gotten back to me so far and below is what they said they are selling:.   Minolta F=28mm 1:3.5 Minolta F=135mm 1:2.8 telephoto lense F=135mm 1:2.8   I have a few questions: -can I use these with a canon t5? -are they auto focus? -are they good lenses? -what's the difference between the second and third one? -what would you say is a reasonable offer for these? Thanks!!!!


I am trying to make a square wave generator using 555. I need a 16kHz 0-5V square wave. I have referenced  (%50 duty cycle). When the frequency increases, the square wave have distorted gradually. This is my circuit for 16 kHz, 741 is used for buffer.    My output voltage is;    When i set R3 to 450Ω to decrease frequency to 1.6 kHz, the response is better;    Do you have a idea to get a better square wave for 16 kHz in this circuit? Thank you so much.


"Edit must be at least 6 characters" - but I am retagging!

Edit: it happens again with  question. I am trying just to add , but it says that "Edits must be at least 6 chars". That's certainly a bug. Earlier today I  successfully.          I changed  to  in , but can't submit my edit. Why?


How to prove that $f(x) = \frac{-2x+1}{(2x-1)^2-1}$ is one-to-one on $(0,1)$?

How do I prove that the function  $$f(x) = \frac{-2x+1}{(2x-1)^2-1}$$  is one-to-one on the interval $(0,1)$? I have simplified the function $f(x)=f(y)$ and have a multivariable quadratic equation equal to zero. How do I conclude that the function is one to one?


Want to add the different icons in Friggeri Resume like email, phone, mobile, skype etc.  \documentclass[]{myfriggeri-cv} \addbibresource{bibliography.bib}  \begin{document} \header{friggeri}{friggeri}    {social network analyst}   % In the aside, each new line forces a line break \begin{aside} \section{about}  Street  City  Country  ~ \href{mailto:friggeri@gmail.com}{friggeri@gmail.com} \href{http://friggeri.net}{http://friggeri.net} \href{http://facebook.com/friggeri}{fb://friggeri} \section{languages}  english  Germans  \& French \section{programming}  {\color{red} $\varheartsuit$} \LaTeX  (MATLAB)   C, C++  %CSS3 \& HTML5 \end{aside}  \section{objective}  \section{interests}  complex networks, social networks, community detection, community structure, overlapping communities, information diffusion, viral marketing, social inference, recommendation, data mining  \section{education}  \begin{entrylist} \entry {since 2009} {Ph.D. {\normalfont candidate in Computer Science}} {DNET/INRIA, LIP/Ã‰NS de Lyon} {\emph{A Quantified Theory of Social Cohesion.}} \entry {2007-2008} {Master in  Scientific Computing} {DNET/INRIA, LIP/Ã‰NS de Lyon} {Majoring in complex networks\\ Specialization in data mining} \entry {2003â€“2006} {Classes PrÃ©paratoires aux Grandes Ã‰coles} {LycÃ©e FÃ©nelon, LycÃ©e Louis le Grand, Paris} {Preparation for national competitive entrance exams to leading French ``grandes   Ã©coles'', specializing in mathematics and physics.} \entry {2003} {French BaccalaurÃ©at S. with honors} {LycÃ©e Louis le Grand, Paris} {Specialization in mathematics and physics} \end{entrylist}  \section{experience}  \begin{entrylist} \entry {02â€“07 2009} {LIP6/CNRS, Paris} {Research Internship.} {\emph{Visualization of complex networks.}} \entry {06â€“08 2008} {ISCPIF/CNRS, Paris} {Research Internship.} {\emph{Diffusion in the Blogosphere. Happy Flu.}} \entry {06â€“08 2007} {LIP6/CNRS, Paris} {Research Internship.} {\emph{Kernels in real world networks.}} \entry {07â€“08 2005} {\href{http://www.kelkoo.com}{Kelkoo.com}} {Summer job.} {\emph{Creation of a keyword generator for Google Adwords.}} \entry {07â€“08 2004} {\href{http://www.monsieurprix.com}{MonsieurPrix.com}} {Summer job.} {\emph{Development of an e-commerce product indexation spider.}} \end{entrylist}  \section{applications}  \begin{entrylist} \entry {2012} {Who did I forget ?} {\href{http://whodidiforget.com}{whodidiforget.com}} {Guest list recommendation for Facebook events based on friends already attending the event.} \entry {2011} {Fellows} {\href{http://fellows-exp.com}{fellows-exp.com}} {Automatic community detection among Facebook Friends in order to validate the     \emph{cohesion} measure, creation of friend lists.} \entry {2008} {Happy Flu} {\href{http://happyflu.com}{happyflu.com}} {Experiment aimed to measure viral spreading of content across the blogosphere.} \end{entrylist}  \section{publications} \section{hobbies} \section{reference} \section{information}  \printbibsection{article}{article in peer-reviewed journal} \begin{refsection} \nocite{*} \printbibliography[sorting=chronological, type=inproceedings, title={international peer-reviewed conferences/proceedings}, notkeyword={france}, heading=subbibliography] \end{refsection} \begin{refsection} \nocite{*} \printbibliography[sorting=chronological, type=inproceedings, title={local peer-reviewed conferences/proceedings}, keyword={france}, heading=subbibliography] \end{refsection} \printbibsection{misc}{other publications} \printbibsection{report}{research reports}  \end{document}


How is the partial sum of a geometric sequence calculated?

I have been asked to calculate a general formula for $1 + b + 2b^2 + 3b^3 + ... + Nb^N$  I think that a part of this is a geometric sequence, and I have rewritten this as   $f(x) = 1 + \sum_{i=1}^n i\cdot x^i$  (I couldn't figure out a way to make the first term be 1 with the progression so I just removed it from the series instead)  When I look on Wolfram Alpha it says that the partial sum formula for $ \sum_{i=1}^n i\cdot x^i$ is:  $$\sum_{i=1}^n i\cdot x^i = \frac{(nx-n-1)x^{n+1}+x}{(1-x)^2}$$  On , an answer said that the general formula for the sum of a finite geometric series is:  $$\sum_{k=0}^{n-1}x^k = \frac{1-x^n}{1-x}$$  But if I substitute my ($i\cdot x^i$) into the formula mentioned above I don't get the same value as the one Wolfram gives me.  Two questions:   Is it correct to pull the first term out of the series so it becomes a geometric series, or is there another way? How did Wolfram Alpha calculate that expression?


Number of edges of any spanning tree of a graph G coming from a subgraph of G

Consider a simple undirected, unweigthed graph $G=(V,E)$ and its edge-induced subgraph $G^{*}=(V^{*},E^{*})$. Suppose that $G$ and $G^{*}$ have $c$ and $c^{*}$ connected components, respectively. Is it true that exactly   $$|V^{*}|-\min\{0,c-c^{*}\}$$  edges can be selected for any spanning tree of $G$ from $E^{*}$? Could somebody give a proof/counterexample? Thank you for the help!


Make terminal window directly transparent to Ubuntu wallpaper

So before I came to Linux I was using Windows and stumbled upon a Kali version, in which when you opened a terminal and you could see through every window (Firefox) directly to your wallpaper.   Q: How can I do the same thing on Ubuntu 14.04.2?  PS. Note that I am a newbie so keep it simple!


Autocovariance of an ARMA(2,1) process - derivation of analytical model for $\gamma( k)$

I need to derive analytic expressions for the autocovariance function $\gamma\left(k\right)$ of an ARMA(2,1) process denoted by:  $y_t=\phi_1y_{t-1}+\phi_2y_{t-2}+\theta_1\epsilon_{t-1}+\epsilon_t$  So, I know that:  $\gamma\left(k\right) = \mathrm{E}\left[y_t,y_{t-k}\right]$  so I can write:  $\gamma\left(k\right) = \phi_1 \mathrm{E}\left[y_{t-1}y_{t-k}\right]+\phi_2 \mathrm{E}\left[y_{t-2}y_{t-k}\right]+\theta_1 \mathrm{E}\left[\epsilon_{t-1}y_{t-k}\right]+\mathrm{E}\left[\epsilon_{t}y_{t-k}\right]$  then, to derive the analytic version of the autocovariance function, I need to substitute values of $k$ - 0, 1, 2 ... until I get a recursion that is valid for all $k$ greater than some integer.  Therefore, I substitute $k=0$ and work this through to get:  $$ \gamma \left(0\right) = \mathrm{E}\left[y_t,y_t\right]  =  \phi_1 \mathrm{E}\left[y_{t-1}y_t\right] + \phi_2 \mathrm{E}\left[y_{t-2}y_t\right]+\theta_1 \mathrm{E}\left[\epsilon_{t-1}y_t\right]+\mathrm{E}\left[\epsilon_ty_t\right]\\ $$  now I can simplify the first two of these terms, and then substitute for $y_t$ as before:  $$ \gamma\left(0\right) = \phi_1 \gamma\left(1\right) + \phi_2 \gamma\left(2\right)\\ + \theta_1 \mathrm{E}\left[\epsilon_{t-1} \left(\phi_1 y_{t-1} +\phi_2 y_{t-2} +\theta_1 \epsilon_{t-1} + \epsilon_t \right)\right]\\ + \mathrm{E}\left[\epsilon_t \left(\phi_1 y_{t-1} +\phi_2 y_{t-2} +\theta_1 \epsilon_{t-1} + \epsilon_t \right)\right] $$  then I multiply out the eight terms, which are:  $$ +\theta_1\phi_1\mathrm{E}\left[\epsilon_{t-1}y_{t-1}\right]\\ +\theta_1\phi_2\mathrm{E}\left[\epsilon_{t-1}y_{t-2}\right]\\ +\theta_1^2\mathrm{E}\left[\left(\epsilon_{t-1}\right)^2\right]=\theta_1^2\sigma_{\epsilon}^2\\ +\theta_1\mathrm{E}\left[\epsilon_{t-1}\epsilon_{t}\right]=\theta_1\mathrm{E}\left[\epsilon_{t-1}\right]\mathrm{E}\left[\epsilon_{t}\right]=0\\ +\phi_1\mathrm{E}\left[\epsilon_{t}y_{t-1}\right]\\ +\phi_2\mathrm{E}\left[\epsilon_{t}y_{t-2}\right]\\ +\theta_1\mathrm{E}\left[\epsilon_t\epsilon_{t-1}\right] = \theta_1\mathrm{E}\left[\epsilon_{t}\right]\mathrm{E}\left[\epsilon_{t-1}\right]=0 \\ +\mathrm{E}\left[\left(\epsilon_t\right)^2\right] = \sigma_{\epsilon}^2 $$  So, I am left needing to resolve the four remaining terms.  I want to use the same logic for lines 1, 2, 5 and 6 as I used on lines 4 and 7 - for example for line 1:  $\theta_1\phi_1\mathrm{E}\left[\epsilon_{t-1}y_{t-1}\right] = \theta_1\phi_1\mathrm{E}\left[\epsilon_{t-1}\right]\mathrm{E}\left[y_{t-1}\right] = 0$ because $\mathrm{E}\left[\epsilon_{t-1}\right]=0$.  Similarly for lines 2, 5 and 6.  But I have a model solution that suggests the expression for $\gamma\left(0\right)$ simplifies to:  $\gamma\left(0\right) = \phi_1\gamma\left(1\right)+\phi_2\gamma\left(2\right) +\theta_1\left(\phi_1+\theta_1\right)\sigma_{\epsilon}^2+\sigma_{\epsilon}^2$  This suggests my simplification as described above would miss the term with the coefficient $\phi_1$ - which under my logic should be 0. Is my logic at fault, or is the model solution I found incorrect?  The worked solution also suggest that "analogously" $\gamma\left(1\right)$ can be found as:  $\gamma\left(1\right) = \phi_1\gamma\left(0\right)+\phi_2\gamma\left(1\right) + \theta_1\sigma_{\epsilon}^2$  and for $k>1$:  $\gamma\left(k\right) = \phi_1\gamma\left(k-1\right)+\phi_2\left(k-2\right)$  I hope the question is clear.  Any assistance will be much appreciated. Thank you in advance.  This is a question related to my research, and is not in preparation for any exam or coursework.


Changing underline color of LanguageTool in TeXstudio

I've recently installed LanguageTool to check grammar and spelling mistakes in TeXstudio. However, I often miss the errors because the gray-bluish underlining makes them hard to spot. Is there a way to change the underlining to a distinctive color, such as red for example?   I checked . It says I have to do some changes to the .languagetool.cfg file, but for some reason this file doesn't appear in File Explorer.


Play Audio Through Computer's Built-in Speakers

Is it possible to use the internal built-in speakers of a computer to play music from a device? I am using an audio jack male to male cable    And as device I am using an FM-Radio Module (TEA5767)    But instead of connecting the module to an external speaker, I would like to use my computer's built-in speakers. Do you know how to do that on Ubuntu 18.04.2? Apparently something similar can be done on MAC OS,


In Diablo 3 how to start single player mode?

What I mean by single player mode is I want to create game and don't allow others to join.  Sometimes there are things I wanna do alone like finding Kanai's cube. Other people keep on wanting to do something else.  I know I can join game. There's an option for that. But how to create game? Single player game?


Swift Getting Exact Conversion String to Float with floatValue

I try to convert my string data to float type. Conversion works but I need exact value.   Here is my code and output;  let myString = "2558.40"; let convertedToFloat = (myString as NSString).floatValue  // convertedToFloat is 2558.3999   So, I need exactly 2558.40 as float type. What should I do?


An integral domain $R$ with fraction field $K$ satisfying this property is a local ring?

Problem: Let $R$ be an integral domain with fraction field $K$. Assume that $x \in R$ or $x^{-1} \in R$ for all $x \in K^{\times}$. Prove that $R$ is a local ring (the ring $R$ is said to be a valuation ring of $K$).  Attempt: I don't really know how to begin. There a different possibilities to show that $R$ is a local ring. Either showing it has a unique maximal ideal, or showing that $R \setminus R^{\times}$ is an ideal, or that the sum of two non-units is a non-unit.  I take $r \in R$ and $x \in R \setminus R^{\times}$. I want to show that $rx \in R \setminus R^{\times}$. I can consider $rx$ as an element in the fraction field $K$. Then either $(rx)^{-1} \in R$ or $rx \in R$. But the second is trivial. So I'm not really sure how to use my assumption.   Any help is appreciated.


Can paraconsistent or other logics make the impossible happen?

A paraconsistent logic system it is defined as  "a logical system that attempts to deal with contradictions in a discriminating way. Alternatively, paraconsistent logic is the subfield of logic that is concerned with studying and developing paraconsistent (or "inconsistency-tolerant") systems of logic"  So, is there any paraconsistent logic system,or any other logic system, where illogical or impossible things would happen? Can they produce a solution to Russell's set paradox (in terms of naive set theory)?


\documentclass{mwrep}  \usepackage[draft]{graphicx} \usepackage{hyperref} \usepackage[all]{hypcap}  \makeatletter \g@addto@macro\@floatboxreset\centering \makeatother I use figures with captions.  \begin{document}  \listoffigures  \chapter{foo}  First paragraph (previous).  \begin{figure}[h]   \includegraphics{a.jpg}   \caption{Opis} \end{figure}  Second paragraph (following).  \end{document}   How can I change vertical space (padding?) between caption and following paragraph? Also, I want to change (increase a little) space between previous paragraph and top of image.


Let G be $\mathbb Z_p\times\dots\times \mathbb Z_p$ . Find A(G).

Let G be $\underbrace{\mathbb Z_p\times\dots\times \mathbb Z_p}_{n \text{ times}}$. Find $A(G)$.   I know that $A(G)\cong GL_n(\mathbb Z_p)$.   I prove it by taking $\varphi$ from $A(G)$ and show that it's like matrix multiplication, than I took $\theta$ from $A(G)$ and I show that the composition of those two is a again matrix multiplication. Than I show that because we take matrix from $A(G)$ then there kernl is trivial so the matrix need to be not reversible.   I don't know if this is good way or not, I know it's good for $\mathbb Z_p\times\mathbb Z_p$ but I don't know if it's enough for $\mathbb Z_p\times \mathbb Z_p\times\dots\times\mathbb Z_p$ (n times).   If you have other wat please help me, there is a hint to think about vector space $(\mathbb Z_p)^n$ but I don't know it could help.


I'm trying to run a program, but an error happens like this:  bash: ./program: cannot execute binary file: Exec format error   The result of file program was:  program: ELF-32-bit LSB executable, ARM, EABI4 version 1 (SYSV), dynamically linked(uses share libs), for GNU/LINUX 2.6.16, not stripped   How can I fix this error?  I'm using Ubuntu 14.04.2 (amd64) with VMware. I also tried with Ubuntu i386, but result was same.


I created an image in illustrator, which I have included here:  Note that the white space in this image is empty and is not a white color fill. I am importing this image as an SVG into illustrator. What I am trying to do is to take the tracing of this image, turn it into a mesh, and extrude it. However, whenever I import the image into blender, I get this:  Notice how the imported SVG fills in the shape instead of it just creating a tracing of this shape like I have created in illustrator. Is there any way for me to create a mesh where it is just the tracing of this image? Thanks in advance! Also let me know if I need to clarify.


How do I reformat my hard drive to NTFS?

I just installed Ubuntu yesterday on my Windows Vista computer. Upon installing Ubuntu, I accidentally deleted everything and I guess I made my HD dedicated only to Ubuntu.  I inserted my Recovery Disk for my Windows Vista and upon trying to install it, it gave me this message:  Windows must be installed to a partition formatted as NTFS   So my question is how do I uninstall Ubuntu so my HD is back to NTFS Format so I can re-install my Windows Vista and then when I have all that installed, I'll re-install Ubuntu again, but this time, I'll install it alongside my Windows Vista.


I ask a simple question: how to copy from a text file using vim,and paste to clipboard? If i use  yY   I can paste,but only on vim file(using p),on clipboard i can't paste content.  If i use "+Y paste nothing. How to paste content of file text copied with vim?


I have to prove that the Heaviside function $$ H(x):=\begin{cases} 1 &\mbox{if } x \in [0,+\infty) \\  0 &\mbox{otherwise}\end{cases} $$ doesn't admit weak derivative in $L^1_{loc}(\mathbb{R})$.  Is it correct the following solution?  Let's suppose by contradiction that $\exists w\in L^1_{loc}(\mathbb{R})$ such that $$\int_{\mathbb{R}}H(x)v'(x)dx=\int_{\mathbb{R}}w(x)v(x)dx\qquad\forall v\in C^{\infty}_c(\mathbb{R}) $$ By the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus we have that $$\int_0^{+\infty}w(x)v(x)dx=v(0)\qquad\forall v\in C^{\infty}_c(\mathbb{R}) $$ By the Lebesgue Dominated Convergence Theorem we have that  $$\lim_{r\to 0}\int_{-r}^{r}|w(x)|dx=0 $$ Then there exists $\delta>0$ such that $\int_{-\delta}^{\delta}|w(x)|dx\le 1/2$.  Let $v\in C^{\infty}_c(\mathbb{R})$ such that $\operatorname{supp}(v)\subset [-\delta,\delta]$ and $\max (v)=v(0)=1$.  Then  $$1=v(0)=\int_0^{+\infty}w(x)v(x)dx=\int_{-\delta}^{\delta}w(x)v(x)dx \le \max(v)\int_{-\delta}^{\delta}|w(x)|dx\le 1/2$$  Contradiction!!!


Java Subclass being brought in through classpath not able to find parent

For reasons outside the scope of this question I have two jars.  Jar1: project/project.jar which is a spring-boot jar and contains class A.  Jar2: mock/project-mock.jar which is a jar that contains class B.  project-mock.jar does not have a main class and is not meant to be ran standalone.  Class B extends Class A.  I'm trying to run these jars together using the following command  java -cp project/project.jar:mock/project-mock.jar org.springframework.boot.loader.JarLauncher    When I run the above command the spring boot jar starts initializing but then I get an exception:   problem with class file or dependent class; nested exception is java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: com/project/Class A   Is this an issue relating to how I am trying to start the application or how do I fix the classpath issue to correctly set the jars on the same classpath?  Edit: I don't believe this is the same issue as  since adding the two jars on the command line would put them on the same classpath, i thought. If that is not the case then that would be the issue but I would like to know why then so I can fix it. Edit on the Edit: Looking further into the exception thrown there is a nested exception java.lang.ClassNotFoundException which brings me back to the classpath issue rather than the class not correctly loading the first time.


Evolution of hunting behavior of parasitoid wasps

Wasps in the genus Pepsis lay their eggs in a specific region on a species of tarantula and their larvae eat the tarantula organs in a specific sequence to keep it alive as long as possible.  How could this process have evolved, considering that a mistake at any stage results in death?  This is the description of the egg laying behaviour:  Upon finding a tarantula, the wasp locks its mandibles onto a foreleg and brings its stinger into position so as to paralyze it.    During this process, the tarantula tries unsuccessfully to dislodge the wasp, but the wasp ultimately locates the right part of the tarantula in which to insert its stinger.   Upon inserting it, the wasp injects a venom that paralyzes the tarantula. Note that the tarantula is ten times the weight of the wasp, so the wasp takes very big risk in trying to attack such a tarantula.   The wasp then drags the tarantula into a hole that it has already dug. It pulls the tarantula down into the  hole, attaches its egg to a specific part of the tarantula's body and then covers up the hole so that predators won't find it.   When the egg hatches, the larva eats the organs of the tarantula in a specific sequence so as to keep the tarantula alive for several weeks. Eating in the wrong sequence results in the death of the tarantula, and its subsequent putrefaction, which means the death of the wasp larva.   When the larva successfully eats in the right sequence, it is able to obtain enough nourishment to prepare for metamorphosis, ultimately resulting in a full-grown wasp, which then exits the hole and becomes a predatory wasp.   These wasps are solitary, which means there are no conspecifics to teach the new wasp how to do all this.  Thus, the entire behavioral program described above must be encoded in the wasp's genome.  The description above is based on:   Punzo, F. (2005). Experience affects hunting behavior of the wasp, Pepsis mildei Stål (Hymenoptera: Pompilidae). Entomologica Americana, 113(3), 222-229.  Petrunkevitch, A. (1952). The spider and the wasp. Scientific American, 187(2), 20-23.


How can I make my array into a formatted string?

I am trying to format my array to a formatted string, how can I do that? The instructions I was given are  Task 6 - find all odd numbers in a list.  Allow any number of Number arguments to be passed to the function.  If a value is passed to the function that is not a Number, ignore it  and continue processing the rest. If the list is empty (nothing passed  to the function, or all need to be ignored, return null).  Return a formatted string with all odd numbers in a list, for example:  "1, 3, 5"  <script> var odd = [];  const oddNumbers = (...numbers) => {   var oddNum   var formatString;   var i;    if (numbers.length > 0) {     for (i = 0; i < numbers.length; i++) {       if (isNaN(numbers[i]) === false && (numbers[i] % 2 !== 0)) {         odd.push(numbers[i]);         console.log(odd);       }     }   } else {     return null;   }   return odd; };  oddNumbers(1, 2, 34, 54, 55, 34, 32, 11, 19, 17, 54, 66, 13);  alert(odd); </script>


A word for when you are almost crying, but not quite yet?

You know how sometimes you want to cry, but do not cry.  Maybe a few tears are shed, but you mostly just choke up.  The urge to cry is there, perhaps overwhelmingly, but you suppress it somehow and don't actually cry.  Is there a word for this state?  I've always used "crying" but it really isn't quite crying yet.


Create an instance of a class from a string

Is there a way to create an instance of a class based on the fact I know the name of the class at runtime. Basically I would have the name of the class in a string.


What is the fastest way to view images from the terminal?

The terminal is very fast and convenient way to quickly access directories and files (faster than find and click on the directory).   One thing that it cannot show in text-mode is "pictures".   What is a best way to view pictures (like you see images thumbnail in Nautilus) when you are working in the terminal (e.g. command nautilus or any program - but should be fast and convenient)?


Find a closed form expression for $$\sum_{r=0}^n \dfrac{(-1)^r}{\dbinom{n}{r}}$$ where $n$ is an even positive integer.  I tried using binomial identities, but since the binomial coefficient is in the denominator, I can't do much. Also, I'm seeking a non-calculus, elementary solution, if possible. Thanks.


How to make zenity "transient parent" warning disappear permanently

Zenity annoys me by always displaying the warning in terminal:  Gtk-Message: GtkDialog mapped without a transient parent. This is discouraged.   Apparently I'm not the only one:         Almost all the answers tell you to change the way you call zenity by appending 2>/dev/null to the end of the command. I don't want to do this to all the code I've already written and remember this for future code I write.  Is there an easier way of making this annoying message disappear?


Understanding the output of --info=progress2 from rsync

If I run rsync with --info=progress2, I get an output like   105.45M  13%  602.83kB/s    0:02:50 (xfr#495, ir-chk=1020/3825)    But what do the single numbers mean? I haven't found a matching entry in the man page.   The first number seems to be the amount of data which was processed (the actual copied bytes as well as the bytes skipped, because they were already existing at the target location), right? It seem not to be the number of transferred data, because it increases faster than my internet connection is... Does the percentage refer to the amount of data or the number of files to be copied? Does it consider excluded files and files that are already up to date at the target location? The time at third position first seemed to be an time estimation for completion, but when I tried it, it jumped between few hours and a few seconds. What does it refer to, and how is it calculated? What do the last two numbers mean?


I have an ASUS eee pc that I bought second hand. It had the password of the previous owner/administrator, and was running Ubuntu 12.04. I  how to reset the password, and I took what appeared to me the easiest way to reset the password.   I was told to press the left shift key when turning it on. I did this and I then went to recovery mode, as instructed. It asked for the new Linux password. I gladly typed in my name, and it was blank where I was typing. You see, I had no idea it was supposed to be blank.   So, now I have a new dilemma. I have no idea what I typed in for a password, and when I attempt to go to recovery mode to select a new password, it doesn't ask for a Linux password, but instead I see this message:  Give root password for maintenance (or type Control-D to continue)  What can I do to fix this?


I do not know any details or anything, but it seems like this very interesting conjecture doesn't have a name or something, I could not search it. Does anyone know more about this problem?  For those who didn't watch the video, here is the conjecture.  "For large enough $N$, there exists some permutation of $\{1,2,...,N\}$ such that for every pair of adjacent number, the sum is always square."    My guess is that they discovered this problem themselves, but it's sure interesting!  I'm asking if this problem has a name, or was noted by a mathematical organization or by a journal, or mathematician. It seems like since there is OEIS dedicated to such possible N there must be some recognition of this problem.


What is the limit of $(3n^2 + n)^{1/n}$ and why?

I am really unsure of how to answer this as I have tried taking out n and using the ratio lemma and am still confused!


Sort an array of objects by property of second element in javascript

Searching many examples I didn't manage to solve my case. I have an array that should be sorted by author. My attempt did nothing. What is the right expression?   var array = [   ["ifke", {     "title": "secure",     "author": "admin"   }],   ["lottery", {     "title": "The lo",     "author": "anton"   }],   ["short-content", {     "title": "Short Content",     "author": "scott"    }],   ["ziddler", {     "title": "The Fiddler",     "author": "herman"    }] ];   array.sort((a, b) => a[1].author - b[1].author) console.log(array)


Why is there a comma between a preposition and its complement?

Quirrell rolled off him, his face blistering, too, and then Harry   knew: Quirrell couldn’t touch his bare skin, not without suffering   terrible pain — his only chance was to keep hold of Quirrell, keep him   in enough pain to stop him from doing a curse.  Harry jumped to   his feet, caught Quirrell by the arm, and hung on as tight as he   could. Quirrell screamed and tried to throw Harry off — the pain in   Harry’s head was building — he couldn’t see — he could only hear   Quirrell’s terrible shrieks and Voldemort’s yells of, “KILL HIM!   KILL HIM!” and other voices, maybe in Harry’s own head, crying,   “Harry! Harry!” (Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone)    While reading the phrase I fumbled a second for looking for where the complement ‘of’ is. It seems that “KILL HIM! KILL HIM!” is the complement of ‘of’. Then why is there a comma between the two?


setting initial capacity in Arraylist is not a good idea?

I am a java developer for three years but never thought about the underlying performance costs between different implementations of lists. That s why I make a benchmark like  :  private static int N = 10000000; public static void main(String args[]){     doSt(new ArrayList<String>());     doSt(new ArrayList<String>(N));     doSt(new LinkedList<String>()); }  private static List<String> doSt(List<String> fizzbuzz) {     long l = System.currentTimeMillis();     int counter = 1;     while(counter <= N){         fizzbuzz.add("aa");         counter++;     }     long l2 = System.currentTimeMillis();     System.out.println("time spent " + (l2-l)); }   and I see  time spent 148,  time spent 33,  time spent 198,   meaning that   time performance(ArrayList with initial capacity) > time performance(ArrayList) > time performance(LinkedList).   LinkedList and ArrayList is pretty close, since insertion is O(1) in both implementations, I am not bothered by the small difference.   BUT, if I change the implementation like :  private static int N = 10000000; public static void main(String args[]){     doStWithIfElse(new ArrayList<String>());     doStWithIfElse(new ArrayList<String>(N));     doStWithIfElse(new LinkedList<String>()); }  private static List<String> doStWithIfElse(List<String> fizzbuzz) {     long l = System.currentTimeMillis();     int counter = 1;     while(counter <= N){         if (counter %3 == 0 && counter %5 == 0){             fizzbuzz.add("FizzBuzz");         }         else if (counter %3 == 0){             fizzbuzz.add("Fizz");         }         else if (counter %5 == 0){             fizzbuzz.add("Buzz");         }         else{             fizzbuzz.add(Integer.toString(counter));         }            counter++;     }     long l2 = System.currentTimeMillis();     System.out.println("time spent " + (l2-l)); }   then,   time spent 516,   time spent 8452,   time spent 6808,  Then All of a sudden, ArrayList with the initial capacity becomes the poorest performer and ArrayList without the initial capacity beats them all with a big margin.   That really confused me a lot. What is the reason of performance changes when I introduce the if else statements?


I'm looking at the weekly rankings    And I notice that my reputation is higher than Tim Schmelter's for the week and JB Nizet, however they appear +1/+2 in front of me?  Unless my math is wrong, 1,246 > 1,234  Should I not be placed where JB Nizel is?


How can I manually create a pixel perfect image sprite?

I want to use one of the Adobe Creative Suite 5 programs to create an image sprite of all the small icons and images on my webpages.   I've done it a number of times before in Photoshop but can't quite get every icon to be at the exact coordinates I intend them to be at.  The last method I used was to explicitly define the correct size of each as a shape, and use snap-to and line guides to line them all up where I want each image, and then insert the images and hide the shapes.   This takes a little while and to my dismay, there always seems to be something that's a pixel or two out of place, messing with my beautiful site designs.  What method can I use to set up a grid of images with varying sizes to be at specific coordinates?  Which of the Adobe CS5 Programs has the best functionality for this?  and a loosely relevant side question..  For the purpose of rendering in a browser as fast as possible, should the images be lined up vertically, horizontally or in a roughly equal sided rectangle?


Which is correct? Users who or Users that?

I'm often confused by the correct use for "who" and "that".  I believed always that "who" in a sentence refers to people or persons and "that" refers to inanimate objects, machines, animals, etc.  In the case of:  "SATA III SSD drives are ideal for users that demand maximum performance." I believe should read: "SATA III SSD drives are ideal for users who demand maximum performance."  Gregg