Did the universe really start with a single point?

I read everywhere the famous, but offhand statement that "the universe began from a single point" and this bugs me because that surely isn't true.  My understanding has always been that this was an oversimplification for the sake of explaining it to children when it fact the universe is - and always has been - infinite. The observable universe has a size, but surely no one is seriously suggesting that the observable universe is all there is? That's just the farthest we can see, what with space expanding faster than light and what not. But surely the truth of it is that the universe goes on forever in every direction and has no "centre".  Then it seems to me that the concept of everything start from a "point" is just silly. Infinite density, yes. But surely it still had infinite size? I had always thought it quite obvious that the universe "started" as an infinitely dense, infinitely sized, "clump" of energy which gradually expanded and cooled as the energy was distributed over a larger space (because space itself is expanding, not because the "point" expands).  Am I at odds with the scientific community on this? Do people honestly believe everything start from a literal singularity? A single point? Or is that just the result of only talking about the observable universe which has a definite size? But the universe as a whole is infinite, surely, so how it possibly have come from a single point? I understand that if you assume the observable universe is all there is then when you extrapolate backwards in time you end up with a singularity, but the observable universe is just a bubble in an infinite universe.


How do scientists calculate the percentage of dark energy in the universe?

I can understand how the percentage of dark matter compared to ordinary matter is calculated, because the amount of dark matter has a clear gravitational effect on the ordinary matter in a Galaxy.  However, calculating the percentage of  in the universe seems less obvious. Is it something to do with the rate of expansion of space-time?  Please explain in lay-mans terms, I've never learnt any undergraduate level cosmology.


Q1: prove that if a|b and b|a, then a=b or a=-b?


How to sort a dictionary by a value where the value is an element in a list?

I have a dictionary that looks like this:  D={'CA':[1,2], 'AZ':[5,2], 'NY':[2,7]}   I want to sort this by the 1st element in the value list in descending order, which should end up like this:  D={'AZ':[5,2], 'NY':[2,7], 'CA':[1,2]}   How do I do it?


De-arrangement in permutation and combination

article talks about de-arrangement in permutation combination.     Funda 1: De-arrangement      If $n$ distinct items are arranged in a row, then the number of ways they can be rearranged such that none of them occupies its original position is,   $$n! \left(\frac{1}{0!} – \frac{1}{1!} + \frac{1}{2!} – \frac{1}{3!} + \cdots + (-1)^n \frac{1}{n!}\right).$$      Note: De-arrangement of 1 object is not possible.      $\mathrm{Dearr}(2) = 1$; $\mathrm{Dearr}(3) = 2$; $\mathrm{Dearr}(4) =12 – 4 + 1 = 9$; $\mathrm{Dearr}(5) = 60 – 20 + 5 – 1 = 44$.   I am not able to understand the logic behind the equation. I searched in the internet, but could not find any links to this particular topic.  Can anyone explain the logic behind this equation or point me to some link that does it ?


Calculating the confidence interval for simple linear regression coefficient estimates

I have a data set of paired measurements $(x_1,y_1),(x_2,y_2),...,(x_n,y_n)$. I need to fit a linear regression line $y=ax+b$ to this data. Therefore, I have to estimate the parameters $a$ and $b$.  How can I then calculate the confidence interval for these estimated parameters?  I referred to the wiki article which says :       Normal assumption      Under the first assumption above, that of the normality of the error   terms, the estimator of the slope coefficient will itself be normally   distributed with mean $\beta$ and variance $\sigma^2/\sum(x_i-\bar > x)^2$.   I didn't get how this formula was derived.


Find and delete files, whilst keeping any matching files if in a specific directory

I have an interesting question, one that may, or may not be easy :( I've been trying to work out a way to do it integrating options of the 'find' command on linux.  Basically, I have a directory tree, within which could be multiple examples of the files that either need keeping, or deleting. All the files share the same extensions, for sake of argument .XX  (although the idea would be to be as generic as possible so it could be any file). I want to delete all .XX files within the directory tree, EXCEPT where the files lie within a specific folder (will always be the same title, in the example called YYY).  Say I have to following structure (where each sub directory could end up containing many many many files that I don't want to touch or affect alongside those that I do):    folder_root: | |--> Subdir_1/interesting_file_1.XX |--> Subdir_1/interesting_file_2.XX |--> Subdir_1/unrelated_interesting_file_1.AA |--> Subdir_2 |--> Subdir_3/interesting_file_3.XX |--> YYY/interesting_file_4.XX |--> YYY//interesting_file_5.XX   I want to be left with:  folder_root: | |--> Subdir_1/unrelated_interesting_file_1.AA |--> YYY/interesting_file_4.XX |--> YYY/interesting_file_5.XX   The note is, the directory YYY could be anywhere, and there could be many of them, so having a list of directory paths that need excluding to hand to build a large exclusion list isn't possible.  First I did a basic Find as such: find . -iname "*.XX". Then I looked at adding the -printf "%h\n" to output the directories that contain the .XX files. What I'm struggling to do, is take that outputted list, and use it to inform the process of deleting, or as the case may be, not deleting. I suppose I could use grep to remove any YYY folders from the output into a temp file, use a while read loop, then pushd and popd to move in, and then out of the folders, using a simple find . -iname "*.XX" -delete within each sub-directory (then using the -empty switch within find to clean up any empty directories left as a result). This does however, feel very blunt force, with a very large sledgehammer, that could be very system intensive, especially when dealing with potentially hundreds of sub-directories.  I'm interested if there is a 'better' way, that is slicker, generally less intensive overall and reliable (especially if you end up having to run it three or four times for three or four different file types)?  There may not be, but its worth a quick ask :) Why use a sledgehammer when a simple hammer would do!? :)   Final note, I cannot add additional shell commands to the system (and the systems used are a mix of Ubuntu and Centos), so where possible, it would need to use the pre-existing command set (assume no other modules are installed except Tree, which I do know about). I hope the question is clear, and 'generic' enough to be useful to others in different situations if a simple answer is found.


My conjecture $\int_{0}^{1}{x^n-1 \over \ln(x)}dx=\ln(n+1)$

$$\int_{0}^{1}{x^n-1 \over \ln(x)}dx=\ln(n+1)$$  Let deal with case $n=1$  $$I=\int_{0}^{1}{x-1 \over \ln(x)}dx=\ln(2)$$  $u=\ln(x)$ $\rightarrow du=\frac{1}{x}dx$  $x \rightarrow 1 ,u=0$  $x \rightarrow 0, u=-\infty$  $$I=-\int_{0}^{\infty}\frac{e^{2u}-e^u}{u}du$$  Apply integration by parts  $$I=\left.(e^{2u}-e^u)\ln(u)\right|_{0}^{\infty}-\int_{0}^{\infty}(2e^{2u}-e^u)\ln(u)du$$  Letting  $$J=\int_{0}^{\infty}(2e^{2u}-e^u)\ln(u)du$$  Applying by parts again  $$J=\left.(2e^{2u}-e^u)\ln(u)\right|_{0}^{\infty}-\int_{0}^{\infty}(2e^{2u}-e^u)\frac{1}{u}du$$  Anyway I skip the simplification and get to the result  $$2I=\left.e^{2u}\ln(u)\right|_{0}^{\infty}+\int_{0}^{\infty}\frac{e^{2u}}{u}du$$  That doesn't looked correct!  Integration by parts and substitution seem to failed here for me, so what is another method to evaluate this integral?  Another attempt using $x^n-1=\sum_{k=0}^{n-1}(x-1)x^k$  $$\int_{0}^{1}{x^n-1 \over \ln(x)}dx=\ln(n+1)$$  $$\sum_{k=0}^{n-1}\int_{0}^{1}{(x-1)x^k \over \ln(x)}dx=\ln(n+1)$$  This is still involving Integration by parts, I am very sure is going to lengthy so I am stopping here for help. Please lend me a hand, thank you.  Here is a link to


Can a US citizen living abroad open a US bank account?

I am both a citizen of Canada and a citizen of the US (dual citizenship) but I am living in Canada at the moment. I have a US passport and a Social Security Number. Can I open up a bank account in a US bank without living in the US? If so, how might I go about doing this?  Also, I would like to avoid visiting the US to do this if that is at all possible.


Sci-Fi novel that involves mind backups and (small) group minds

I'm looking for a science fiction novel that I would've read from a library in the early 2010s. I'm fuzzy on the plot, but it was in a setting with space travel, and I believe the view shifted around to follow the separate characters.  I do recall two distinguishing characteristics in particular:  Some people use a brain upload/backup to restore themselves to a new body after an accidental death, maybe retrieving the recorder if possible to include memories immediately before death. However, this may not be an accessible service for everyone due to cost/coverage, and I think a large corporation handled it. People might've kept identical clones on hand or opted for a brand new body, but I think it meant very little fear of death. At least one character, maybe an investigator/reporter/mercenary, died in an explosion (?) and was restored midway through the book.  Some others chose the (less common) option of linking several bodies together to form a group consciousness, where a single unified mind inhabited all of the bodies at once. They could purchase more bodies to connect, and gained similar immortality since any body dying would not affect the whole.  I remember that at one point, a character entered a store and was irritated when the employees carried on a conversation as she moved to the right aisle, only to realize they were a group mind and thought she'd noticed. She entered into a relationship with them later and, at the end of the book, ended up buying more bodies to become a group herself.  I've googled around for this book for a while and looked through Wikipedia's  and , but I didn't recognize the plot anywhere. Hope a detail stands out to someone out there, I'll try to answer any more questions!


How to replace multiple matching patterns with multiple specified replacement strings in SQL - Oracle

We have varchar2(250) column that have various text data we want to replace with other specific text. Note: I do not want to use multiple replace function for this requirement, is there is any better way to do it  requirement is to:  Replace <   with    "less than" Replace >   With    "greater than" Replace &   With    and   For example data in table is:   "amount must be < 1 & > 2"    Output of SQL should be:   "amount must be greater than 1 and less than 2"


How to monitor a Windows process and send an alert when it crashes or closes?

I'm looking for a program/utility to monitor a process running in Windows 7 (actually it's a Java process ran from .jnlp). and that can send an e-mail alert or trigger any kind of script so I can be aware that it has crashed ?   From what i've seen there's nothing like that.  Any ideas ?


I'm fairly new to Ubuntu and Linux in general. When I tried to start Ubuntu today I got this screen:  .  I've tried looking up solutions, but all the ones I found were related to startup being stuck on the splash. Any ideas/suggestions will be greatly appreciated.


Which step in the following incorrect proof is fallacious? Is it something with the use of indefinite integrals or with the domain and range of trignometric functions? I encountered this fallacious proof .  $$ \int\tan(x)\,dx=\int\tan(x)\,dx $$  substitute $\tan(x)$ :  $$ \int\tan(x)\,dx=\int\sin(x)\sec(x)\,dx $$ Integrate by parts, assume   $$ u=\sec(x),dv=\sin(x)\,dx $$  Therefore, $$ \int\tan(x)\,dx=-\sec(x)\cos(x)+\int\cos(x)\tan(x)\sec(x)\,dx $$ but $\cos(x)\sec(x)=1$ so:  $$ \int\tan(x)\,dx=-1+\int\tan(x)\,dx $$ we subtract both sides by $\int\tan(x)\,dx$ :  $$ \int\tan(x)\,dx-\int\tan(x)\,dx =-1+\int\tan(x)\,dx-\int\tan(x)\,dx $$  then:  $0=-1$  Thanks in advance for any help.


How can I turn off the shrine indicator (or make it stop beeping)?

The shrine indicator (shrine detector? GPShrine?) has both visual and audio cues, so when I'm near a shrine, it beeps constantly. Unfortunately, I occasionally play the game near other humans who are engaged in their own activities, and my wife is decidedly unimpressed with this feature.   When I got the shrine indicator, I could have sworn that the dialogue said I could press [Y] to disable it... but pressing Y pulls out my weapon.   Ideally, I'd like to just make it stop beeping, but stay on for visual cues. But I'll settle for being able to turn it off entirely at times.


I'm having trouble making a tool that can break certain things in Minecraft Bedrock

When I choose a tool, and I activate the command, it tells me the error is where I put the tools name. For instance,   /give @p minecraft:diamond_shovel 1 0 {CanDestroy:["minecraft:dirt"],Unbreakable:1}   In this case, it would say there is an error at >"minecraft:diamond_shovel"< I am on switch if that helps at all.


Append items in a linked list to a text area Java Swing

my java is not that great and i am trying to append the values in a linked list to a Text area however it is not displaying the values and i am getting an error but i cannot get to the bottom of it. Please help.  if (event.getSource()==btnDisplay)     {            String s = "";         Booking selectBooking = new Booking();          txtArea.setText("");         s="LessonType           No.InParty  Surname   Forename   InstructorCode \n";         txtArea.append(s);         s="--------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n";         txtArea.append(s);          ListIterator li = bookings.listIterator();         while(li.hasNext());         {             s = li.next().toString();             txtArea.append(s);         }      }   I am getting an error  s = li.next().toString();   Any help would be greatly appreciated. Thanks!!


Why is it Legal to Change a const value using const_cast in C++

Hi i am trying to understand the explicit casting in C++, and so playing around by creating different examples. Below i am giving an example which i think should be illegal as it changes the value of a const object. const char t='a'; const char *pc=&t; char *p = const_cast<char*>(pc); std::cout<<"Before changing t "<<*pc<<std::endl; *p='c'; std::cout<<"After channging t: "<<*pc<<std::endl;  After executing the program the value of the object t successfully changes to c as i can see it in the console. My question are as follows:  Shouldn't this be illegal since the whole point of having a const object is that it cannot be changed. What is the need of having this const_cast and it seems to me that it is dangerous in the sense that we are changing the const object. Is it perfectly okay to use const_cast like this?Again, if not then when should i use it?


Where does the ability to do magic derive from in the Harry Potter universe: the body, soul, or some other entity?

If magic comes from the body, then how does Voldemort retain his magical abilities when he is regenerated? The potion used to regenerate his body involves the bones of his father, the flesh of Wormtail, and the blood of Harry. However, Voldemort's power came from his mother's side, and none of these have genetic material from her. If magical ability comes from the soul, then Voldemort would surely become weaker after dividing his soul into seven pieces, but this is not the case. Regarding the argument that the soul is like a candle in the sense that it has regenerative capabilities, Voldemort shriveled up soul in Kings Cross Station is evidence enough that this is untrue. So which is it: body, soul, or something else?


How to dynamically Change \lhead depending on the page

I have and article document in latex. In this document, I have set \lhead in the header of doc. But as my doc is about many themes, I was wondering if I could change \lhead contain dynamically?


Programmatically change screen resolution?

Is there a way to programmatically change the screen resolution or enable/disable multiple monitors in Windows XP?  For example to change from 1024x768 with one monitor to 1280x104 on two monitors?  I would be most interested in a win32 function to do this but anything that can be tied to a windows shortcut would suffice.


How to export layers to pages of a pdf file in Photoshop CS5

I need to save each layer of my psd document as a page in a multi-page PDF file (or as a single-page PDF file each as I can combine them later). File->save as->PDF works for 1 layer at a time, but I don't fancy doing this for all 150 pages of the document.   I also tried the File->Scripts->Export layers to files, but it runs incredibly slowly (actually slower than me doing it manually) and I also have to output them to images, then re-import them in acrobat which doesn't allow me (or I haven't found the option anyway) to save the document in the PDF/X-1a:2001 format I require (which is an option from the photoshop file->save as dialog).  Is there a better way? Even recommendations for another program are welcome, but obviously I would prefer Photoshop solutions.


If I buy a share from myself at a higher price, will that drive the price up so I can sell all my shares the higher price?

Suppose I buy 100 shares of Apple at $200 and I want to increase the share price. If I sell 1 share at $210, and at the same time log in to buy the share at $210, will the share price increase to $210 so that I can sell all my shares at $210?


how to compute $\displaystyle I=\int\limits_{0}^{\pi/2}\frac{x}{\tan x}\,dx$  i made $f(x)=\frac{x}{\tan x}$ and then i see that  $$\begin{align} \lim_{x\to0}f(x)&=\lim_{x\to0}\frac{x}{\tan x}\\ &=\lim_{x\to0}\frac{x\cos x}{\sin x}\\ &=\lim_{x\to0}\frac{\cos x}{\frac{\sin x}{x}}\\ &=\frac{\lim\limits_{x\to0}\cos x}{\lim\limits_{x\to0}\frac{\sin x}{x}}=1\\ \lim_{x\to\pi/2}f(x)&=\lim_{x\to\pi/2}\frac{x}{\tan x}=0 \end{align}$$  we have that $f(x)$ is decreasing into $(0,\pi/2)$ and $f(x)\in(0,1)$ for $x\in(0,\pi/2)$, then i think that  $$0<\displaystyle \int\limits_{0}^{\pi/2}\frac{xdx}{\tan x}<\frac{\pi}{2}$$  i think the primitive can not be expressed in terms of elementary functions, then i think that other method like residue theorem or power series would be used, but i dont know how to use any of these, how i compute this integral?


Avoiding small sliver areas and Reducing pages in ArcGIS Pro Map Series?

Automating some map production.  Current high level approach:   Have user providing an Area of Interest (AOI) as a polygon extent If AOI > Threshold Area size Then  Use the origin of the AOI, create number of grids based upon PageUnit size for an A4 landscape template Then use this Grid to generate a Map Series.   Problem  There can be some pages that will only show a small 'sliver' of the intersecting AOI.  As crudely illustrated by the red rectangles in the below image:    What is a better approach to automate this kind of map production.  Make the assumption that the incoming AOI can be any size, any shape.  Scale and layout orientation are flexible.  The final multi-page map book needs to be easily understood by end-user, hence why we assumed a simple grid map would be sufficient.  I anticipate others will have encountered this issue before and found good workarounds


GDAL translate in python - where do I find how to convert the command line arguments to use in python scripts?

I'm trying to use gdal.translate() to convert a raster from unit16 to int16 and I am trying to figure out what arguments to use.   I think in the command prompt version I would use -ot Int16 but that isn't working in python?  The documentation on the gdal website is for the command prompt and not to use in python. How do I know how to convert these argmunets so they work in python? I've come across this problem a few times while using gdal but was lucky enough this time to find an example of what I wanted to do. This time not so much.   Here is what I have so far. It then gives the warning: "Warning 6: driver GTiff does not support creation option outputType"   co = [         'outputType=Int16'         'noData=-10000'     ]  # save as a new raster that is 16bit SIGNED to allow for -10000 value print("copying to new raster" + newimage) gdal.Translate(newimage, image, creationOptions=co)


I am translating a text from Russian. The text, in one place, describes a person of Asian origin through the eyes of a European Russian young teenager in the late 80s (so not a politically correct time). A word is used that refers to the Asian-specific narrow eyes in a way that is colloquial, but not insulting, and in fact can denote a kind of exotic beauty.   (For those familiar with Russia, the word is "раскосый" and the person is the Korean-Russian singer Viktor Tsoi).  The only English word I could find was "slant-eyed", but this seems to be an outright insult. So how do I convey the meaning correctly? Perhaps I want something similar to the way you use "ebony" for a black person, but for an Asian person and ideally referring to the eyes.


I am on another computer, also running Ubuntu 16.04, and need to access my old HDD (a 120Gb SSD) to get some files for backup.  When inserting the USB (the HD as an external drive) the graphic Ubuntu interface shows a folder, but it is only the 511Mb boot-partition. The path is  something like  /media/myname/9bee303f-0713-48bb-b897-fee19a1de800  So, perhaps, I need to mount the other 2 partitions to see my files?  With the Disks application, I can see something like   /dev/sdb1 = 511Mb. Content Ext2 (v 1.0) mounted at  /media/myname/9bee303f-.... /dev/sdb2 = 120Gb. No mount.. only says "extended"  /dev/sdb5 = 120Gb. No mount.. only says "Linux LVM"   PS: all = "Master Boot Record"  Does it make sense to have 120Gb twice, what can I mount, sdb2 or sdb5?    I would really like a command line answer with warnings about any possible risks of running the commands. If I can apt install a reliable and safe graphical application to help me, that would also be OK.    This isn't a duplicate of the linked post because it doesn't have a direct solution for my context:   I don't need a clone; I only need some files off the old filesystem.  I am not using Fedora in 2014, I am using Ubuntu 16.04 in 2017     Trying suggestions:  After sudo apt install lvm2  I ran sudo vgscan but:   /run/lvm/lvmetad.socket: connect failed: Arquivo ou diretório não encontrado  WARNING: Failed to connect to lvmetad. Falling back to internal scanning.  Reading all physical volumes.  This may take a while...  Found volume group "ubuntu-vg" using metadata type lvm2


Display object textured regardless of viewport display mode

I'm working on marine gun turret model and trying to use its drawing/blueprint image to make 3d model more accurate. Blender wireframe view mode is great for modelling but when I switching to it the plane mesh with brawing/blueprint texture also switches to wireframe and texture disappears of course:   And when I switch to wireframe I see the following:   I know about 'Maximum Draw Type' object settings and I probably can set Gun model to 'Wireframe' maximum draw type and don't touch viewport display mode. But somethimes it is better to see gun model in solid mode and sometimes in wireframe. So I need something like 'Minimum draw type' and apply it to gun image plane behind the gun model i'm modelling. Can I do it with Blender? Thanks in advance.


Polish citizen flying from Canada to Honolulu with a layover in Chicago

My parents are Polish and are traveling from Canada to Honolulu with a layover in Chicago. they arrive in Canada from Poland a day later. do they need to go through passport check and baggage/customs in Chicago, or only at their destination in Honolulu?


If the Schwarzschild radius of the universe is bigger than the universe, how come the universe didn't collapse into a black hole?

According to , the Schwarzschild radius of the universe is about 3 times the radius of the universe. According to the Newtonian theory of gravity, inside any sphere of a given density, the 3 partial derivatives of the gravitational acceleration with respect to position is always the same. I think that once you get to the scale of the cosmic web, the matter doesn't cluster or get more disperse at a larger scale the contribution of gravity to an overall attraction to the center of the universe should be bigger than the contribution of the Cosmological constant to the opposite. Could that mean the cosmological constant is bigger than was previously thought. I don't think so. I think that instead gravitational attraction has no contribution to the acceleration of the expansion of the universe because the universe doesn't follow Newtonian physics. Matter doesn't have a tendency to accelerate towards the center of the universe because its gravitational attraction to all the other galaxies is balanced because the galaxies near the edge of the universe are moving closer to the speed of light so they have a stronger gravitational field.


How was the Proto-Adamantium in Captain America's shield forged?

I would like to know what combination of ingredients resulted in the formation of Proto-Adamantium?


Nokia phone has pre-installed survey: how can I remove it?

I just bought a Nokia 6.1 phone. On the whole I like it, but today this popped up:    The app is called "NPS" ("Net Promoter Score"?) version 9.0010.50. I found a discussion of it , but the only way mentioned to disable it doesn't work (my "User Experience Program/Diagnostic Report" option is already off).  I don't like my time being wasted, but I like even less the idea that the phone is "phoning home" to yet another company.  Any suggestions for how to disable or get rid of this app? (I'm tempted to respond as negatively as possible to every question the app poses...)


Error AL lib: UpdateDeviceParams: Failed to set 44100hz, got 48000hz instead. What can I do?

I have Win 10 and when I open Blender I have the error:     AL lib: UpdateDeviceParams: Failed to set 44100hz, got 48000hz instead


Am I insane to question that only with a closed path can electrons move?

First of all let me just state that I do not feel confident enough to tell anyone anything about how electric circuits work or anything about the physics behind them because I simply do not know or understand it all.  But I have many times read that there has to be a closed path for current to flow in a circuit, leading to a fact that if there isn't a closed conductive loop nothing can happen.  And I have taken that to be a definitive truth, but I wonder about something(and I might just as well be terribly far of the path of reason here).  If I was to design a circuit board which contains traces through which very high frequency signals(currents) will flow then I have to consider things like signal reflections, I don't know what reflections consists of in purely physical terms(but I have to imagine that a reflected signal is a certain amount of the current(s) that was originally sent through the trace) but apparently if I send a high-frequency signal down a trace(or wire) then under certain conditions the signal can travel down the trace(wire) only to bounce off of something and then travel all the way back to where it first came from. Where it might bounce off of something again and so it can bounce back and forth travelling the length of the trace over and over again getting smaller and smaller until it dies out.  This is just stuff from the top of my head, stuff that I have never acquired a fair understanding of in the first place. But if we restrict the scenario to this very high frequency situation, if a signal or current can be reflected back towards where it came then why would it even have to be relevant whether there are a closed loop or not.  Couldn't a broken loop present paths for such currents to bounce around in?  I know that I am at a relatively very low level of insight into these complex matters but I don't now why that wouldn't be possible. I would be very happy if anyone could enlighten me.  I have one single hypothesis without anything what so ever to support it, but perhaps the very high frequency scenario alters the way that a traces copper is utilized so that it in some respect is a closed loop in it self?


Why is "./" used when executing a program?

If I have a program named foo, why do I need to say ./foo and not simply foo? Doesn't ./ just mean within the current directory?


Can we conclude that this group is cyclic?

Let $G$ be a finite group. If, for each positive integer $m$, the number of solutions of the equation $x^m = e$ in $G$, where $e$ is the identity element, is at most $m$, then can we conclude that $G$ is cyclic?


Converting an existing cyclocross bike to disc brakes

I have a bike (Surly Crosscheck) that is used for commuting and cyclocross. As it's a bit older and disc brakes were not legal for 'cross until recently, it has cantilever brakes for optimal mud clearance.  They also kind of suck for commuting in a rainy city with panniers.  I have been debating doing a conversion to discs for this bike, but I don't really know what I'd need to replace, so a list would be highly helpful, then I can price it out and decide whether or not I should just buy a new bike... Possibly I could also keep the cantilever on the rear and just go with a disc on the front for good stopping.  Presumably the wheels and front fork at the least would need to change. As would the brifters as those probably pull differently. What else would I need?


Can you explain "time value of money" and "compound interest" and provide examples of each?

Can you explain the time value of money concept, including present value and future value?  How does compound interest work?  Why is compound interest a powerful concept when it comes to borrowing, saving, or investing?


Is it possible to compare two Func variables (not expressions) in C#?

It seems it is possible to compare two delegates in C# for equality, but I cannot figure out if one can compare two variables of type Func<>  Func<Task<Foo>> a = () => _service.GetFoo(); Func<Task<Foo>> b = () => _service.GetFoo();   Is it possible to do some comparison of these?  P.S. I need this for unit testing, I do pass a delegate like that to another method and I'd like to test that this is what is being passed (not _service.GetBar() that is). I have now solved this by calling the delegate and comparing the result, but I'd rather compare it directly if it is possible.  P.P.S. This is not duplicate even though people made it look like that. The other question is about expressions and it's a completely special thing in C# that is not an ordinary delegate.


For a single ROC curve (with relevant AUC score), how can you calculate the confidence interval?  (The data used to generate this ROC/AUC is available)  Given my relatively limited background in this area, this would be a case of 'the easier, the better'.  PS: please also inform me of any conditions that have to be fulfilled (if required by the formula you would use to calculate the CI).


Prove : The polynomial has no integral roots.

Q. Prove that a polynomial $f(x)$,with integer coefficients has no integral roots if $f(0)$ and $f(1)$ are both odd integers.  My attempt:  Let  $$f(x)=a_0+a_1x+a_2x^2+\dots+a_nx^n$$  now $f(0)=a_0$ which is an odd integer. and $f(1)=(a_0+a_1+a_2+\dots+a_n$) an odd integer.   Now, what is the strategy I need to imply to prove that $f(x)$ can't have integral roots.


I had assigned a bounty of +50 to my  on SO. Later on many efforts I got solution and I posted it as answer to my bounty question. I know that one can't get bounty points on his own question. But my solution got more than 2 upvotes and I think it is eligible for bounty.   From      If you do not award your bounty within 7 days (plus the grace period), the highest voted answer created after the bounty started with at least 2 upvotes will be awarded half the bounty amount. If there's no answer meeting that criteria, the bounty is not awarded to anyone.


How to understand backpropagation using derivative

Before I was learning about gradient descent, but now I understand this. Now, I have a problem with the backpropagation algorithm. I know the idea - minimalize error in multilayer neural network using chain rule. However, I don't understand the role of the derivative of the sigmoid function. This derivative is described in the algorithm. What is the point of this? Can you explain this step by step using simple language?


Short question:  Using bash, is it possible to print a sentence such that each individual word has a different color?   I.e; print a word in-line, change the text color, repeat?


How to force the deletion of a locked file that has no locking handle on Windows?

When I try to delete the file, using the GUI it says      The action cannot be completed because the file is open in another   program   And using the del /f /q command line it says     Access is denied   I have tried unlocking the file with Unlocker, as well as trying to locate which process is using the file with the Resource Monitor or the Process Explorer, but no locking handle was found in either case.  I am able to rename or move the file, but not to delete it or change its content.


'Communities' section on profile page is cramped when there aren't any additional listed communities

From the     The spacing there between "Communities" and "This user doesn't participate in any other communities" looks a bit messed up... it's too small. Can we have that message shifted downwards a bit?  This alignment problem doesn't show up on profiles where there are other communities; on most profiles, even if the user isn't on any other sites, it'll list the present site anyways (i.e. for someone who's only on Meta SE, there'll be one entity, Meta, in that list, and everything looks fine).  This happens on all sites, and I've observed it on Vivaldi 2.0 and Chrome for Windows 10.


Divisibility result by induction: $64 \mid 3^{2n + 2} - 8n - 9$

Prove by induction that:  $64 \mid 3^{2n + 2} - 8n - 9$, $n > 0$  I've tried to manipulate $P(k + 1)$ and haven't come up with anything like $P(k)$.  $P(k): 64 \mid 3^{2k + 2} - 8k - 9, k > 0 $ $P(k+1): 64 \mid 3^{2(k+1) + 2} - 8(k+1) - 9$


I'm trying to choose a tool for creating UML diagrams of all flavours. Usability is a major criteria for me, but I'd still take more power with a steeper learning curve and be happy. Free (as in beer) would be nice, but I'd be willing to pay if the tool's worth it. What should I be using?


What to plug in first to usb charger when charging: wall outlet or cell phone and why?

When I charge me cell phone or notebook or whatever what should I plug in first? Should I at first plug in usb charger  to the AC wall outlet and only then to the cell phone or vice versa ? What are the precise physical arguments for this?  I think it is safer to plug in wall outlet first because of peak charge. What is safer for the cell phone circuits?  Thanks in advance.


install Debian to NVMe SSD: unable to install GRUB in dummy

(Dell's) BIOS setting:  SATA: AHCI  Boot List Option: Legacy (default setting was UEFI) Legacy Option ROMs: Enable Attempt Legacy Boot: Disable   installation media: USB drive  patition:  Guided - use entire disk  select disk to partition:  /dev/nvme0n1 - 512 GB (the other is the bootable USB drive)  Everything seems to be fine before installing GRUB:   At the beginning, after clicking graphical install, some error log flashes and disappears in less than 0.3s:   Without GRUB, I can not boot into the system. Redoing installation doesn't help at all.  Can anyone give me some hints how to fix it?  Update: doesn't work with Debian 10 (buster) either


I Made Bad Mistake And Disable All Users In SQL Is There Any Way With cmd Or RegEdit To Enable One User?


what is the difference between shell command staring with "." and "./"?

In Linux shell, I've seen the command starting with "./" e.g.   $ ./example   But then I've also seen the similar command like     $ . example.sh  My question is do they have the same function?


Area 51 is miscounting my proposal followers

I know of one person who is following my proposal who doesn't show up on the proposal webpage.    My proposal is for quantitative finance: .  It shows 19 people following the proposal (on the side of the page), and the total listed at the top of the page is 19 followers.  Yet one user is not listed: .  This makes me wonder if other followers are also not being counted?


How to show a spinner while loading an image via JavaScript

I'm currently working on a web application which has a page which displays a single chart (a .png image).  On another part of this page there are a set of links which, when clicked, the entire page reloads and looks exactly the same as before except for the chart in the middle of the page.  What I want to do is when a link is clicked on a page just the chart on the page is changed.  This will speed things up tremendously as the page is roughly 100kb large, and don't really want to reload the entire page just to display this.    I've been doing this via JavaScript, which works so far, using the following code  document.getElementById('chart').src = '/charts/10.png';   The problem is that when the user clicks on the link, it may take a couple of seconds before the chart changes.  This makes the user think that their click hasn't done anything, or that the system is slow to respond.  What I want to happen is display a spinner / throbber / status indicator, in place of where the image is while it is loading, so when the user clicks the link they know at least the system has taken their input and is doing something about it.    I've tried a few suggestions, even using a psudo time out to show a spinner, and then flick back to the image.    A good suggestion I've had is to use the following  <img src="/charts/10.png" lowsrc="/spinner.gif"/>   Which would be ideal, except the spinner is significantly smaller than the chart which is being displayed.  Any other ideas?


Notification when user opens a certain folder in Finder

I am really in need of a way to find out what window Finder is looking at so for example, if the user opens a certain folder I can get a notification. Is this possible?


I am new to Ubuntu and is using 16.04. Recently I got a notification at the top of the desktop saying:  An error occured, please run package manager or apt-get to see whats wrong. The error message was error opening the cache: E:encountered a section with no Package: header, E: Problem with MergeList/var/lib/apt/lists/in.archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_xenial-updates_restricted_binary-amd64_Packages E:The Package lists or status file could not be parsed or opened.)This usually means your installed packages have unmet dependencies.   I do not have Package Manager installed and I cannot open Ubuntu Software Center anymore. I have tried running sudo apt-get update and then sudo apt-get -f install but it didn't work.


Once I want to show my expression to thank, can we use only one word "Thank" instead of "Thanks"?


Regex to accept only alphanumberic and special charaters (restrict emoji)

I am using text area field. This field should accept alphanumeric characters and numbers only (emoji are not allowed). I tried the below regex. This allows emoji as well. How to restrict emoji in my input field? (Right click on a text area field, there is a option called emoji, on click of this, it selects emoji.)   pattern="^[a-zA-Z\ ^ ${ } [ ] ( ) . + ? | - &]$"


How to sort corporate authors along personal authors with bibtex sorting=anyt?

The following MWE  \documentclass{article} \usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}  \RequirePackage{filecontents}  \begin{filecontents}{debug.bib} @online{physx, author = {{Nvidia Corporation}}, key = {Nvidia Corporation}, title = {PhysX}, year = {2017}, url = {https://developer.nvidia.com/physx-sdk}, language = {eng}, version = {3.3}, organization = {Nvidia Corporation}, date = {2017}, month = {04}, urldate = {2017-04-30}, }  @phdthesis{Wald04, author = {Wald,Ingo}, title = {Realtime ray tracing and interactive global illumination}, school = {Universität des Saarlandes}, year = {2004}, address = {Postfach 151141, 66041 Saarbrücken}, language = {eng}, URL = {http://scidok.sulb.uni-saarland.de/volltexte/2004/319}, }  \end{filecontents}   \usepackage[%   backend=bibtex      % biber or bibtex  ,style=alphabetic    % Alphabeticalsch  ,citestyle=alphabetic  ,sorting=anyt        % no sorting  ,sortcase=false  ,sortcites=true      % some other example options  ,isbn=true  ,url=true  ,doi=true            % prints doi  ,natbib=true         % if you need natbib functions  ]{biblatex} \addbibresource{debug.bib} \begin{document} \nocite{*} \printbibliography \end{document}   does sort the bibliography as   Wald Nvidia   However, how can I sort them alphabetically as   Nvidia Wald   When I change the backend for this MWE to biber instead of bibtex it sorts them correctly but I need to remove the address field as it can not process the adress field. Maybe because of the "ü" or because of the "," (Invalid argument)  As the template I have to use throws hundreds of errors when using biber I really would like to get this working with bibtex. I assume the reason is because of the {corporate name} author which are all sorted AFTER the personal authors.


Insert Japanese and Chinese Characters to mysql database using php

I am creating a website using php that needs to insert japanese and chinese characters into a mysql database. However, those characters become very strange in the database. For example, 好難 becomes å¥½é›£, and 難しい becomes é›£ã—ã„  i used big5_chinese_ci to the column for chinese characters already, but no luck is given.


Searching for WW1 records of Adolf Totschek or Totscheck

I am searching for my Great Grandfather’s WW1 records.  His name is Adolf Totscheck or Totschek and he lived in Görlitz, Germany.


Short story, “Seven Century Summer”, where man has an accident and time travels to a future post apocalyptic world

Looking for a science fiction short story I believe is titled “Seven Century Summer” or something like that. From what I remember a modern man had an accident and traveled forward in time, to a post apocalyptic world. There his consciousness inhabited the mind of a native. There was a great being in a tank of some sort.


I have a user in a domain who has access to multiple subfolders in multiple folders. His rights were defined pretty granularly. Now he's leaving the company but will continue to work for a firm as a contracted resource.  I need to find all folders he had access to and revoke his permissions, then set him up with a different set of access permissions.  Is there any tool (freeware, preferably) that lists all NTFS permissions for a given user? I've tried with AccessEnum from Sysinternals, but the list cannot be filtered by username and is useless for me. I've looked at CACLS, too, but as far as I can tell it displays permissions ordered by file, not by user.  Any ideas?


I think I should awarded with "Unsung Hero" badge

Tenacious: Zero score accepted answers: more than 5 and 20% of total  Unsung Hero: Zero score accepted answers: more than 10 and 25% of total   I have ,  and .  more than 10 and 25% of total  26*25% = 7   Why I was not awarded with Unsung Hero ?


As a precalculus student interested in teaching myself calculus, where should I start and how should I go about learning?  This question is different than past questions as I am not solely interested in finding a book.


If $a_n\to \ell $ then $\hat a_n\to \ell$

I need some help to finish this proof:  THEOREM   Let $\{a_n\}$ be such that $\lim a_n=\ell$ and set  $$\hat a_n=\frac 1 n \sum_{k=1}^na_k$$  Then $\lim\hat a_n=\ell$  PROOF  Let $\epsilon >0 $ be given. Since $\lim a_n=\ell$ , there exists an $N$ for which $$\left| {{a_n} - \ell } \right| < {\epsilon/2 }$$  whenever $n>N$. Now:  $$\begin{eqnarray*}   \left| {\frac{1}{n}\sum\limits_{k = 1}^n {{a_k}}  - \ell } \right| &=& \left| {\frac{1}{n}\sum\limits_{k = 1}^n {\left( {{a_k} - \ell } \right)} } \right| \\     &=& \left| {\frac{1}{n}\sum\limits_{k = 1}^N {\left( {{a_k} - \ell } \right)}  + \frac{1}{n}\sum\limits_{k = N + 1}^n {\left( {{a_k} - \ell } \right)} } \right|  \\     &\leqslant& \frac{1}{n}\sum\limits_{k = 1}^N {\left| {{a_k} - \ell } \right|}  + \frac{1}{n}\sum\limits_{k = N + 1}^n {\left| {{a_k} - \ell } \right|} \\   &  <& \frac{N}{n}\zeta  - \frac{{N }}{2n}\epsilon+\epsilon/2 \end{eqnarray*} $$  where $$\zeta=\mathop {\max }\limits_{1 \leqslant k \leqslant N} \left| {{a_k} - \ell } \right|$$  Now, let $n_0$ be such that if $n>n_0$,  $$\eqalign{   & \frac{{N\zeta }}{n} < {\epsilon}  \cr    & \frac{N}{n} < {1} \cr} $$ Then we get  $$\frac{N}{n}\zeta  - \frac{N}{n}\frac{\epsilon }{2} + \frac{\epsilon }{2} < \epsilon  - \frac{\epsilon }{2} + \frac{\epsilon }{2} = \epsilon $$  How far is this OK?  Do you think there is an easier way to go about proving it? I now remember that by Stolz Cesàro:  $$\mathop {\lim }\limits_{n \to \infty } \frac{1}{n}\sum\limits_{k = 1}^n {{a_k}}  = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{n \to \infty } \frac{{\sum\limits_{k = 1}^{n + 1} {{a_k}}  - \sum\limits_{k = 1}^n {{a_k}} }}{{n + 1 - n}} = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{n \to \infty } {a_{n + 1}} = \ell $$


Inequality with exponents $x^x+y^y \ge x^y +y^x$

Let $x,y$ be positive numbers. Prove that $x^x+y^y \ge x^y +y^x$.   This question appeared in Summer 1991 Russian Olympiad team test. Apparently, I tried to come up with different approach such as Jensen, Karamata's inequality and nothing works so far. I just need a discussion here. Hints are not necessary.


why is the size of available shrink space is only 13286 MB on 250 GB Samsung SSD with 130 GB free?

I want to shrink C: drive by at least 30 GB but I can't go above 13GB using Windows 10 disk Management tool when 130GB is free     Why is the available shrink space so low even when 130 GB is free?


What's the difference between may and can in the following context? 1- Our company has decided to organize a online quiz competition for students all over India on this Monday at 7:00 PM. Those who are interested may/can register their name online at  before Sunday.


In an exam paper, there was a picture of an air stewardess in the aeroplane serving passengers. One of my pupils wrote the following:      The air stewardess works on an aeroplane.    Shouldn't it be the air stewardess works in an aeroplane?


Is it ok to make mozzarella from pasteurised milk?

Hi Is it ok to make mozzarella from milk bought at Spar or any other supermarkets? If not, how could I buy 5l non-pasteurised milk? I live in Hermanus, Western Cape. Thanks Ian le Chéf


Cannot copy strings from pointer array with strcpy in C?

I am doing an exercise where a character pointer array is functioning as a way to store words. I do not understand why I cannot use 'strcpy' to copy the word 'hoi' to the second element of the array in the main function. When I compile the code I get the message 'program has stopped working' in CodeBlocks.  The functions 'numberOfWordsInDict' and 'printDict' are working properly.  Thanks in advance.  int numberOfWordsInDict(char **dict) {     int i, cnt = 0;     for(i = 0; i < 10; i++)     {         if(dict[i] != NULL)         {             cnt++;         }     }     return cnt; }  void printDict(char **dict) {     int i = 0;     printf("Dictionary:\n");     if(numberOfWordsInDict(dict) == 0)     {         printf("The dictionary is empty.\n");     } else     {         for(i = 0; i < 10; i++)         {             printf("- %s\n", dict[i]);         }     } }  int main() {     char *dict[10] = {             "aap", "bro ", "jojo", "koe", "kip",              "haha", "hond", "    drop", NULL,NULL};      char *newWord1 = "hoi";     printDict(dict);     strcpy(dict[1], newWord1);     printDict(dict);      return 0; }


How do I join a table in SQL as a single, comma-delimited field?

For simplicity, we have the following tables   Teachers  Students   Let's assume that each teacher has many students (and not the other way around, let's assume that each student has only one teacher).   How do I display the data such that:   Col 1 - Teachers - Students Row 1 - Teacher A - Student A, Student B, Student C Row 2 - Teacher B - Student X, Student Y, Student Z


What is $\int_0^1\frac{x^7-1}{\log(x)}\mathrm dx$?

/A problem from the 2012 MIT Integration Bee is $$ \int_0^1\frac{x^7-1}{\log(x)}\mathrm dx $$ The answer is $\log(8)$. Wolfram Alpha gives an indefinite form in terms of the logarithmic integral function, but times out doing the computation. Is there a way to do it by hand?


How do I configure a naked domain and a mail server to a cloud hosted app?

I have a web app with no fixed IP address:  myapp.apps.com  And a custom domain:  example.com  I have the www subdomain (www.example.com) pointing to the web app with a CNAME record.  I have the mail server hooked up with MX records (me@example.com).  What I want is to be able to hit the naked domain in the web browser (example.com).  How do I do this?  Bear in mind that if I point a CNAME record to the naked domain it will override the mail server settings. I have access to advanced DNS settings (A, MX, CNAME, TXT, SRV).


How to make an ext4 formatted usb drive with full RW permissions for any linux machine?

I want to format my USB stick to ext4 and just use as I would any other typical non-linux format drive (FAT32, exFAT, NTFS).   That is to say, I want to be able to plug the usb stick into any of my linux machines, and read/write to it without needing to adjust permissions, like doing chmod or chown stuff.  I would prefer to use GUI partition software like GParted, rather than command-line commands, though I welcome any solution!  I'm sure a post like this is duplicate flag heaven for some, but after browsing 6~10 SO and forum posts from google, I didn't find a simple solution to my question. Seemed like everything was about adjusting permissions on a per-user basis. Maybe you just cannot use ext4 drives with the same brainless convenience as NTFS.


13.10 to 14.04 upgrade aborted but then completed

I was upgrading from 13.10 t0 14.04 and the system said:  "Could not install the upgrades The upgrade has aborted. Your system could be in an unusable state. A recovery will run now (dpkg --configure -a)."  After running this recovery it said the upgrade was complete but that there may be problems.  Any advice? (I am an ignorant man so PLEASE say it in very simple, step by step terms! :-) Thank you!


How to write URLs that are not automatically linked?

When I write a bare HTTP URL on a SE site, it's automatically linked. For example:  http://example.com   shows as:    But when the URL is not real, I don't want to make it a link. But I also don't want to make it look like code (by using backtics `).


How to interpret the output of the anova command in R?

I used the anova function in R to get an ANOVA table for my model.  fit <- lm(open_time ~ sent_time + email_id + day, data=mydata) anova(fit)   I got the following output:  Analysis of Variance Table  Response: open_time               Df    Sum Sq Mean Sq F value Pr(>F) sent_time    1    222321  222321  2.2673 0.1323 email_id     1     15229   15229  0.1553 0.6936 day          1       798     798  0.0081 0.9281 Residuals 1996 195721653   98057     Can someone explain in basic terms as to how can I use this output to get useful information about my model (as in which independent variables are more significant in the prediction model, etc)?


How to take list(set(aList)) values as per original occurrence order of the list(aList)?

I have a list:  lst=[1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4]   After this code:  lst = list(set(lst))  print(lst)   I get this output:  [1, 2, 3, 4]   Also, I have another list:  lst=[6,6,7,7,8,8,9,9]   After this code:  lst = list(set(lst))  print(lst)   I get this output  [8, 9, 6, 7]   This output is not in the original order of the list ([6,7,8,9]). But I expected to get this order.  Also, I have a another list:  lst=[6,6,7,7,8,8,9,9,1,1]   After this code:  lst = list(set(lst))  print(lst)   I get this output:  [1, 6, 7, 8, 9]   But I want the output as [6, 7, 8, 9, 1].   So my question is: how can I take the set of a list while retaining the original order order of list? Thanks in advance.


I'm a programmer, and I'll probably have to write code for some kind of a Geoserver based platform. (probably will have to maintain the server too). My knowledge in geography is (shamefully) quite minimal and my background in GIS  is 0.  I seek a programmer-oriented list of things I better add to my to-do list, in order to turn from someone new to an expert in the least painful way possible.  What I've done so far:   Skimmed through the Geoserver manual (including the REST API manual) Got a book called "GeoServer Beginner’s Guide" and read a little.


What's the best way to merge 2 or more dictionaries (Dictionary<T1,T2>) in C#? (3.0 features like LINQ are fine).  I'm thinking of a method signature along the lines of:  public static Dictionary<TKey,TValue>                  Merge<TKey,TValue>(Dictionary<TKey,TValue>[] dictionaries);   or  public static Dictionary<TKey,TValue>                  Merge<TKey,TValue>(IEnumerable<Dictionary<TKey,TValue>> dictionaries);   EDIT: Got a cool solution from JaredPar and Jon Skeet, but I was thinking of something that handles duplicate keys. In case of collision, it doesn't matter which value is saved to the dict as long as it's consistent.


I have the following C++ code:  template<typename T> T processVector(const std::vector<T>& input){      for(std::vector<T>::const_iterator it=input.begin();it!=input.end();it++){              //process vector     }  }   However, I get the following error upon compilation:  listOfVectors.cpp:6: error: expected `;' before ‘it’ listOfVectors.cpp:6: error: ‘it’ was not declared in this scope   I have been pondering over it for quite a while but can't make out why I am getting this error. I also tried clang to see if I can make anything out of its error statement but couldn't. Would appreciate the help. Thanks


Attempt to invoke virtual method 'java.lang.String android.content.Context.getPackageName()' on a null object reference new activity

When I'm trying start new activity with this code im getting tihs error:     java.lang.NullPointerException: Attempt to invoke virtual method 'java.lang.String android.content.Context.getPackageName()' on a null object reference     class ApiConnection {      var baseApiURl = "http://localhost:8081"     var data = arrayListOf<User>()      fun connectApi(): ApiService {         val retrofit = Retrofit.Builder()             .baseUrl(baseApiURl)             .addConverterFactory(GsonConverterFactory.create())             .build()         return retrofit.create(ApiService::class.java)     }      fun loginRequest(         login: String,         password: String     ){         val service = connectApi()         val call = service.login(login, password)         call.enqueue(object: Callback<UserResponse> {             override fun onFailure(call: Call<UserResponse>?, t: Throwable?) {                 Log.v("retrofit", "call failed")             }             override fun onResponse(call: Call<UserResponse>?, response: Response<UserResponse>?) {                 addDataToList(response)             }          })     }      fun addDataToList(response: Response<UserResponse>?) {         var mainActivity = MainActivity()         data.add(             User(                 response!!.body()!!.idUser,                 response!!.body()!!.login,                 response!!.body()!!.password,                 response!!.body()!!.name,                 response!!.body()!!.surname,                 response!!.body()!!.lastLogin             )         )          mainActivity.loginIntoServer(data)     } }     class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {      override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {         super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)         setContentView(R.layout.activity_main)          val api = ApiConnection()          button_checkIfThisAccountExit_mainActivity.setOnClickListener {             api.loginRequest(editText_login_activityMain.text.toString(), editText_password_mainActivity.text.toString())         }     }       fun loginIntoServer(data: ArrayList<User>) {         val context = this         val intent = Intent(context, Main2Activity::class.java)         startActivity(intent)     } }   Any ideas what can make this error? I'm using retrofit to connect with my API and after parsing the result data and adding it to the list i would like to run new activity (something like a login system. After putting username/password I want change the activity).


Does gravity exert more "power" when an object is traveling faster?

So, this question arose when I was pondering the meaning of horsepower and torque in cars. I thought of the following question:  There is a 1 kilogram weight on planet M. Planet M has no atmosphere and has a gravitational constant of 1 meter per second per second. The weight is raised to a height of 2 meters and dropped. The weight will fall through the first meter in 1 second and the second meter in 0.4 seconds (rounding a bit).   So, in terms of work, gravity does 1 Joule of work on the weight over each 1 meter interval. However, in terms of power, gravity exerts 1 watt of power over the first interval and 2.5 watts over the second interval. Why does it seem that gravity is magically more powerful when the object is travelling faster?  The same question applies to a rocket ship in space. Assuming infinite fuel, the rocket will exert a constant force no matter the speed and burn fuel at the same rate, but from a constant reference frame, from where the rocket launched, it will appear that the faster the rocket travels the more energy it expends per second.  I think these questions accurately portray the confusion I've had with the concept of power ever since physics 2 in college so many years ago.  Thanks for reading.


"There is some evidence" or "there are some evidence"?

I've read an article on BBC and the author wrote "there is some evidence...", but that phrase is really confusing because "some" is a plural identification but following "is". Can someone please explain this?


I have Ubuntu installed and, I want Windows 7 also. (I don't have any backups of Windows from when I installed Ubuntu, I have an HP deskop, also I want to boot via USB.)


How can momentum but not energy be conserved in an inelastic collision?

In inelastic collisions, kinetic energy changes, so the velocities of the objects also change.  So how is momentum conserved in inelastic collisions?


I just installed Ubuntu 14.04 and I can't mount my exFAT HDD.  I get the following error:  Unable to access “SeagateHDD” Error mounting /dev/sdb1 at /media/me/SeagateHDD: Command-line `mount -t "exfat" -o "uhelper=udisks2,nodev,nosuid,uid=1000,gid=1000,iocharset=utf8,namecase=0,errors=remount-ro,umask=0077" "/dev/sdb1" "/media/me/SeagateHDD"' exited with non-zero exit status 1: stdout: `FUSE exfat 1.0.1 ' stderr: `ERROR: `Operating Systems' has invalid checksum (0x281c != 0x2450). '   I installed exfat-utils and exfat-fuse using apt-get but no luck. I also tried the repository ppa:relan/exfat but I got:  Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable distribution that some required packages have not yet been created or been moved out of Incoming. The following information may help to resolve the situation:  The following packages have unmet dependencies:  fuse-exfat : Depends: fuse-utils (>= 2.7) but it is not installable E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.   Can anybody give me a hint? All my backed up data is on that HDD.  EDIT:  The output of $ sudo apt-cache policy exfat-fuse is:  exfat-fuse:   Installed: (none)   Candidate: 1.0.1-1   Version table:      1.0.1-1 0         500 http://ppa.launchpad.net/relan/exfat/ubuntu/ trusty/main amd64 Packages   Tried it on a Linux Mint and had the same problem. Also tried mounting it on a Mac and it worked perfectly so the data is not corrupted.  EDIT2:  It appears it was a problem with my HDD which apparently I unplugged from the USB port without unmounting and it had a checksum error. What I did was I plugged it on my Mac and it automatically did a fsck_exfat disk check which fixed the problem and I could load it on Ubuntu as well. I think a similar thing could be achieved on Ubuntu as well, but I don't know which tools to use to do so.


What's a book series, where they use precise time travel as a method of combat?

I've heard of one before and I think the style of time travel fighting in it was called Temporal Flux but I'm not sure. So could anyone help me?


Finding the variable name passed to a function

Let me use the following example to explain my question: public string ExampleFunction(string Variable) {     return something; }  string WhatIsMyName = "Hello World"; string Hello = ExampleFunction(WhatIsMyName);  When I pass the variable WhatIsMyName to the ExampleFunction, I want to be able to get a string of the original variable's name. Perhaps something like: Variable.OriginalName.ToString()  Is there any way to do this?


I found out that numpy cannot save with a certain name.  >>> import numpy as np >>> a = range(100) >>> np.save('con', a) �NUMPY F {'descr': '<i4', 'fortran_order': False, 'shape': (100,), } Traceback (most recent call last):   File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>   File "C:\Users\gilgarad\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\site-packages\numpy\lib\npyio.py", line 509, in save     pickle_kwargs=pickle_kwargs)   File "C:\Users\gilgarad\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python36\lib\site-packages\numpy\lib\format.py", line 587, in write_array     array.tofile(fp) io.UnsupportedOperation: seek   Why am I getting this error? I am sure that this is not because of the length of file name because I have saved some other files with the other three character length name and was successful.  Is there some kind of rules about the file names that I should know if when I save some numpy file?


I mean the topics which I have started. That is, whole topics, not my posts only.  For example, a situation when someone answers my question some time ago, but since then I have forgotten the whole thing, but remember some words from that answer. I could spend a day walking across my posts. Also I know that I can put a filter for particular user, here user:me, but in this case I would only find my text.  The situation that arose here so I'm asking this is that I remember someone answering for a unrelated question gave me a tip of useful GCC parameters additional to -Wall. I didn't asked for it so I don't know in what topic to look for it and who was that. Now I must search all my topics for this keyword, but exclude my own writing.


Immediately after the Big Bang, was the universe in a state of extremely low or extremely high entropy?

Phase space theory suggests that the largest course-graining region, $p$, in a phase space, $P$, is the point in the phase space with the highest entropy. As such, it is in thermal equilibrium with the course-graining regions surrounding it.   Now, when an intensity vs frequency graph is obtained for the CMB (Cosmic Microwave Background), a curve almost identical to Planck's curve representing black-body radiation is seen. The temperature of the CMB is observed to be almost uniform across the universe, and the curve of black-body radiation represents a point of thermal equilibrium for a system. Since the CMB has the same curve as black-body radiation, this would suggest that at the birth of the cosmic microwave background, the universe was in a state of thermal equilibrium.  Referring back to the phase space spoken of in the first paragraph, since the universe was in a state of thermal equilibrium, it was at a point of highest entropy.   However, surely due to the Second Law of Thermodynamics, the entropy of the universe would need to decrease - so it wouldn't be possible for the entropy of the universe to be in such a high state so soon after its birth - so it should surely begin in a low state of entropy.  So what's the deal here? Did the universe begin in a really low state of entropy, or a really high one? Are all my explanations here logical or quite inaccurate?


The submatrix of a matrix in relation to the rank of the matrix

Prove that if A has rank r > 0, then A has an r x r invertible matrix. I have tried looking at the properties of invertible matrices, but I can't prove those qualities using just the rank of matrix A.


Callout delay when HttpRequest is invoked in a trigger account

I'm doing a http request from salesforce, when I receive the response, I want to update an account field but it is visible until I refresh the page. Everything is in after update. Is there a way to see my info when I save my record?


How to create a decreasing stippling or halftone effect?

For lack of a better name, I'm trying to create a decreasing stippling effect like this:   My first inclination was that this could be created in Photoshop with some sort of filter effect. I was thinking along the lines of creating a smart object, applying a filter effect, then using a gradient on the filter mask to decrease the effect. This would allow for the possibility of a curved edged like you see in the image. No dice though, there doesn't seem to be an effect that quite does this.   The problem with searching for this effect is that I don't know what it would even be called. I've seen it implemented all types of posters though, so it seems to be generally used.


Got French Schengen visa but no "VIS" after giving fingerprints

I had my French Schengen visa interview 3 days ago (got the stamped visa and passport within two days, super efficient!). However there's no "VIS" written on the visa, even though I gave my fingerprints during the interview in US. I had presumed VIS would be written on the visa since I gave my fingerprints, or is it for something else? I do remember it took a while to take the fingerprints because the machine looked old and was taking a long time to read my fingerprints.  The next time I want to apply for a visa, do I need to go for an interview again just because the visa has no VIS on it?


Is it necessary to be able to cross-post between sites?

Something I was doing the other day - working with .htaccess files - made me wonder where it would belong if I needed help - Stack Overflow or Server Fault. There might be some topics that fall in the middle, where they are of interest to programmers/developers, but it tends to be more on the IT side of the fence (database configurations are another good example).  So how should I go about deciding where to post a question? Should it be possible for me to use one site and cross-post (and gaining the rep on each side for that side's account, or for one to be forced into community wiki)?


What is a Linux alternative to SVL Header Injector and HTTP Injector?

I want to bypass the ISP's firewall, and succesfully did it on  and  by sending a set of HTTP headers and using CONNECT method to establish an SSH connection to a remote () SSH server. POST http://host.com/ HTTP/1.0[crlf][crlf] CONNECT host.com@[host_port] [protocol][crlf][crlf]  Then I use that connection as a SOCKS5 proxy, and become free of restrictions, imposed by ISP. Now I want to do same on Linux, but I can't find any Linux alternative, and my laptop is pretty weak to have VirtualBox running all the time. Any suggestions? I get that there's probably no nice GUI for this, but I'm not afraid of console


Cant delete system files on rooted phone

I'm using zarchiver as a file managing app on my rooted phone... I cant delete some specific app folders in /system/app              even though I remounted it as rewritable.... in rewritable it will show delete option but when you choose it it wont actually delete it.... context: I want to delete some APK folder of some bloat wares like google or You tube app


An interesting limit: $\lim_{n\rightarrow \infty}\frac{1}{n^{2}+1}+\frac{2}{n^{2}+2}+\cdots+\frac{n}{n^{2}+n}$

$$\lim_{n\rightarrow \infty}\frac{1}{n^{2}＋1}＋\frac{2}{n^{2}＋2}＋…＋\frac{n}{n^{2}＋n}$$ Thanks in advance


Force a program to consume at most x% of CPU time

Is there a way to force a specific program to use less than 100% processor time even when the CPU would be idle otherwise?  Using process priority, we can adjust how much resources a given program consumes in relation to other programs. If the process priority of a program is set to 'below normal', the program will consume less CPU time while other programs require those resources.  However when the the processor is otherwise idle, a program may utilize the CPU at 100% regardless of its process priority; thus increasing power consumption and heat.  I would like to reduce the cpu use of certain programs under these circumstances, depending on whether these programs currently have focus.   For example I would like to force Firefox to use at most 1% of the CPU whenever it has lost focus for more than 1 minute.  Is there any way to do that?  (There may be specific solutions to find and unload resource intensive tabs in Firefox, but I am mainly looking for a general solution that works for all programs)


I just failed an audit, and suddenly I got this message:     You have failed too many recent review audits ...   I was a bit surprised about this, because I don't really remember failing so many audits. Since there is no indicator about it, I don't really feel like going through all activities of the last days just to find out when the last failed audit happened. I know for sure that I I did > 40 today and there was only the one which showed me this message.  If I fail so many audits that the systems feels I need to be suspended, I would at least like to know whats wrong.  The review which triggered it, was , not that I'm disputing it.


Select columns from a table based on the column names from another table

I want to select data from following tables for a Jasper report.  AA_COLUMN_NAMES     AA_PAYMENT_DETAILS   DDL + DML    CREATE TABLE SLPAYROLL_LIVE.dbo.AA_COLUMN_NAMES(     id int PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL,     name varchar(500) NOT NULL,     active bit ); INSERT INTO SLPAYROLL_LIVE.dbo.AA_COLUMN_NAMES (id, name, active) VALUES (1, 'col_1', 1); INSERT INTO SLPAYROLL_LIVE.dbo.AA_COLUMN_NAMES (id, name, active) VALUES (2, 'col_2', 1); INSERT INTO SLPAYROLL_LIVE.dbo.AA_COLUMN_NAMES (id, name, active) VALUES (3, 'col_3', 1); INSERT INTO SLPAYROLL_LIVE.dbo.AA_COLUMN_NAMES (id, name, active) VALUES (4, 'col_4', 0); CREATE TABLE SLPAYROLL_LIVE.dbo.AA_PAYMENT_DETAILS(     id int PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL,     username varchar(500),     col_1 varchar(500),     col_2 varchar(500),     col_3 varchar(500),     col_4 varchar(500) ); INSERT INTO SLPAYROLL_LIVE.dbo.AA_PAYMENT_DETAILS (id, username, col_1, col_2, col_3, col_4) VALUES (1, 'chathura', '500', '200', '300', '0'); INSERT INTO SLPAYROLL_LIVE.dbo.AA_PAYMENT_DETAILS (id, username, col_1, col_2, col_3, col_4) VALUES (2, 'gihan', '300', '100', '100', '0');   I want to select only active columns from AA_PAYMENT_DETAILS. The active column names can be get from the AA_COLUMN_NAMES table.  I have googled my question and found the following solution.    Since I want to use that query in a Jasper Report, above solution does not worked. Does anyone know a solution?


How do I resolve the attack of a Ranger's Animal Companion when they are acting independently?

If a Ranger's Animal Companion independently attacks a target that the Ranger is not also attacking, how do you resolve its success and damage? I am assuming that Animal Companions don't have moves like Hack and Slash, so what do you do?


how find the list of programs installed using the command line and how to get uninstall them

I have installed the ubuntu 14.04.2 LTS recently. I have used the terminal to install some music packages. But i dont no how many music packages that i have installed.So can any one help me with the commands used to find the list of packages install in the machine and how to uninstall it using command line.


By RAW: Does Hide prevent you from being seen, or located, or both?

The question: does Hide make you difficult to see, or difficult to locate?  Some additional questions to (hopefully) help lead to an answer:  A Rogue, attempts to Hide and makes a Dexterity (Stealth) check.  A Wizard, an enemy of the Rogue, fails to detect the Rogue with their Passive Perception.  The Wizard does not at any time attempt a Search action to locate the Rogue. So, other than Passive Perception and making a Wisdom (Perception) check:   In any circumstance is it possible for the Wizard to see the Rogue? If the Wizard does manage to see the Rogue without beating the Stealth check, is the Rogue no longer Hidden? Is it possible for the Wizard to know the Rogue's location? If the Wizard does manage to know the Rogue's location, does that mean the Rogue is no longer Hidden?   For clarification: whether or not "Hidden" is the correct term is irrelevant to the question. The Rogue is Hiding with respect to the Wizard. Questions 2 & 3 ask if the Rogue will no longer be Hiding with respect to the Wizard should those scenarios occur.


ls colors: why are some of my fonts black and others green in ls output

I uploaded some font files to AWS (running Amazon Linux) and moved them to the /usr/share/fonts directory using a cp command in .ebextensions. When I SSH in from my mac and use ls -a, I see some files are colored differently - one set of font files is black while others are green. I'm curious what caused this to be so, and if it will create any problems for my code.   From  I found this key on how to interpret these colours. I can't understand why a .ttf would be executable or why one set of .ttfs would be recognized and not another.  Blue: Directory Green: Executable or recognized data file Sky Blue: Linked file Yellow with black background: Device Pink: Graphic image file Red: Archive file  These files were all downloaded to a mac from various font sites before uploading.


Which template name to use for taxonomies but not their terms?

I can't figure out which template name to use to modify custom taxonomy archive page, but not the one for terms in that taxonomy.  My goal is to show terms list in custom taxonomy archive and in custom taxonomy terms - custom post types..  {taxonomy}-{term}.php is used to display custom taxonomy terms ( so there will be custom post types inside ) but i need so there would be terms list inside.  Hope my question in clear.  Edit:  Just found out that I can't open that kind of page in wordpress at all.. So now question is how to make such page?  For ex. I have ct - device. So /device/iphone will show all posts in iphone term, but /device/ should show all terms in device tax.  My problem is that /device/ is readed as page slug, not tax in wordpress by default.  How to change that?


Finding all subgroups of $Z^*_{11} = \left\langle 2 \right\rangle $?

Being given $Z^*_{11} = \left\langle 2 \right\rangle$, find all its subgroups.  I know from a theorem that $\left\langle n/k\right\rangle$ is a unique subgroup for all $k|n$, but 2 doesn't fit, yet still generates the entire group. What is a method that I can use to find all subgroups of a certain group?


How to measure on Linux the peak memory of an application after has ended

How do I measure the peak memory of an application running on Linux?  I run this app in batch so I cannot use RSS since, it reports the current memory. I need the peak memory that the application has used to be reported at the end.   The VmPeak is not a solution either, since it reports the allocated memory and also does not calculates from the real Ram but also from the Hard Disk.


Characterization of compact metrics spaces

Let $X$ be a metric space. If every infinite subset of $X$ has at least one accumulation point, then $X$ is compact.  Does anyone know how to prove that?


I am a computer science minor and I do appreciate *nix a lot more since i started to delve into computer science. I used to be a windows fan boy and now i own two macs (as well as my PC which has windows and ubuntu on it).  I want to learn more about how linux was developed. I know that linux is only the kernel and the GNU is actually the most of what I am interfacing with. So when I type ls -al on my mac which uses unix how is it different from when I type ls -al on my Ubuntu boot on my PC? Does the difference actually lie in the differences between linux and unix? Or does unix use a non-GNU libraries for stuff like ls and cd?  So what exactly are the difference of linux and unix? Does Unix use GNU libraries for ls, cd, and all those common terminal operations?


How to evaluate this infinite series arising from a CS problem?

$$\sum_{i=1}^{\infty}i\cdot((1-\frac{1}{N!})^{i-1}\cdot\frac{1}{N!})$$  where N is an integer and $N \geq 2$?  I obtained this series from the following problem:  Given a sequence of $N > 2$ unique numbers (not in sorted order), we randomly shuffle the sequence until it becomes sorted in non-decreasing order. What is the expected number of shuffles needed to sort the $N$ numbers?  Intuitively it should be $N!$ since there are $N!$ permutations, but how does one prove this formally (by evaluating the series above, for instance)?


I was going through some of the questions in my textbook and I got stucked up here. Kindly help me with this  The Binary number 11 represents __     1) -3 in sign magnitude and -1 in 2's complement    2) 7 in sign magnitude and -1 in 2's complement    3) -3 in sign magnitude and -3 in 2's complement    4) 7 in sign magnitude and -3 in 2's complement   The answer was 'c'. But I am unable to figure out the reason why and I cant even trust it because I am unable to judge the answer. Please help me with these. Thanks


How to show the integers have same cardinality as the natural numbers?

How would I show the following have a bijection. Which is one to one and onto ofcourse.  $\mathbb{Z}\rightarrow \mathbb{N}$  I know I need to find a function. But I do not see the pattern that makes integer go to natural. I already did this problem from natural to integer but now I want to see it done this way.  I have listed some numbers  $,..,-4,-3,-2,-1,0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,..$  $1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,.$


Dumbed-down explanation how scientists know the number of atoms in the universe?

It is often quoted that the number of atoms in the universe is 10$^{70}$ or 10$^{80}$.  How do scientists determine this number?   And how accurate is it (how strong is the supporting evidences for it)?  Is it more likely (logically >50% chance) that the numbers are right, or is it more likely that the numbers are wrong?


Every package "has no installation candidate"

While attempting to install openssh-server on Ubuntu 14.04 64-bit, I get the following error:  Package openssh-server is not available but is referred to by another package. This may mean that the package is missing, has been obsoleted, or is only available from another source  E: Package 'openssh-server' has no installation candidate   I see the same error when trying to install any package.  This is the sources.list file:  deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu hardy partner deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu hardy partner


Euler characteristic, what is the precise relationship between $\chi(V)$, $\chi(V')$, and $\chi(V'')$?

For a graded vector space $V = \{V_n\}$ with $V_n = 0$ for all but finitely many $n$ and with all $V_n$ finite dimensional, define the Euler characteristic $\chi(V)$ to be $\sum (-1)^n \dim V_n$. Let $V'$, $V$, and $V''$ be such graded vector spaces and suppose there is a long exact sequence$$\dots \to V_n' \to V_n \to V_n'' \to V_{n-1}' \to \dots.$$I am curious, what is the precise relationship between $\chi(V)$, $\chi(V')$, and $\chi(V'')$?


Not gaining reputation on upvoted answers

I do not seem to be gaining reputation on upvoted answers. The most recent answer is  (which I have never received reputation from), and I am seeing similar new behavior  (which used to be fine until recently). The questions are open and active, the answers have not been deleted (these are the reasons I found when searching for other reports like this).   The upvotes are listed on my reputation page, but the number next to it is blank. I have received reputation for correctly answered questions since, it seems to be either unique to these two questions, or unique to upvotes.


Uninstalling Java 6 to replace with Java 8

Every single time I try to install the Oracle Java Runtime Environment... I keep being stuck with Apple's Java 6. I have no idea how Apple's Java 6 ended up on my computer in the first place.   I keep putting "java -version" into the terminal and it comes out telling me I'm still running 6...  How do I remove Java 6? All I want to do is manage to run a Minecraft server, but it demands Java 8.  (I'm running Mac OS X Yosemite, in case that is relevant, because I can't find any up-to-date tutorials on how to do this)   Thanks in advance.


Creating a multidimensional list and appending element[]

I only want to append [1] to the first list element of the main list, tree, but [1] gets appended to each list element.  tree = [[]] * 5 tree[0].append([1]) print tree  >>>[[[1], [1], [1], [1], [1]]]   What I want:  >>>[[[1]],[],[],[],[]]


Here's an interesting problem that I came up with the other night.  With straight speed dating, (assuming the number of men and women are equal) the number of iterations that need to be made before every man has chatted with every woman is N/2, where N is the total number of people.  Gay speed dating is much more complex. The traditional model obviously won't work. Assuming in straight speed dating, the men stay at their tables, the "sitting" men in gay speed dating won't meet one another (nor will the "standing" men).  Counting combinations in gay speed dating manually, I see the following numbers:  f(2) = 1 f(3) = 3 f(4) = 3 f(5) = 5 f(6) = 5   These numbers suggest that gay speed dating can be done with N or N-1 iterations (albeit in a much more chaotic pattern).  Anyone have any ideas? Also, if it is N iterations, would there be a pattern that could be followed? I.e.: could the gentlemen circle a rectangular table in a clockwise fashion, then rearrange themselves and continue in another fashion such that given any number of men, every man would be paired with every other man in the smallest number of iterations and without pairing two men together twice.


Getting all unique pairs without GROUP BY

I have table with the following structure:  id | sender_mail | recipient_mail | username | subject | message | created 1    aa@test.com    bb@test.com        aaa       xxxx     yyy       10 2    bb@test.com    aa@test.com        bbb       xxxx     yyy       11 3    cc@test.com    bb@test.com        ccc       xxxx     yyy       12 4    bb@test.com    cc@test.com        bbb       xxxx     yyy       13 5    dd@test.com    gg@test.com        ddd       xxxx     yyy       14 6    gg@test.com    bb@test.com        ggg       xxxx     yyy       15   What I want is to get all unique pairs between columns sender_mail and recipient_mail where one of those columns has a value of email I'm passing in to the query. For example, if i put in bb@test.com as argument, the desired output should be:  id | sender_mail | recipient_mail | username | subject | message | created 2    bb@test.com    aa@test.com        bbb       xxxx     yyy       11 4    bb@test.com    cc@test.com        bbb       xxxx     yyy       13 6    gg@test.com    bb@test.com        ggg       xxxx     yyy       15   I tried out this SQL query:  SELECT * FROM messages AS m WHERE     m.sender_mail = 'bb@test.com' OR     m.recipient_mail = 'bb@test.com'  GROUP BY m.sender_mail, m.recipient_mail   It seemed to work when I passed the query to database directly (sequel pro). But when I put this code in a Drupal controller, an error gets thrown out:     Drupal\Core\Database\DatabaseExceptionWrapper: SQLSTATE[42000]:    Syntax error or access violation: 1055 'drupal.m.username' isn't in   GROUP BY:  SELECT m.sender_mail, m.recipient_mail, m. username,   m.subject, m.message, m.created   After googling, I found out that Drupal 8 enforces ONLY_FULL_GROUP_BY for SQL.  What is the workaround for this? How do I need to alter my query?


Which Artificer Infusions are appropriate for the Armorer's Arcane Armor's special weapon?

At 9th level, the Armorer Artificer (from Tasha's Cauldron of Everything) gains the "Armor Modifications" feature :  You learn how to use your artificer infusions to specially modify your Arcane Armor. That armor now counts as separate items for the purposes of your Infuse Items feature: armor (the chest piece), boots, helmet, and the armor’s special weapon. Each of those items can bear one of your infusions, and the infusions transfer over if you change your armor’s model with the Armor Model feature. In addition, the maximum number of items you can infuse at once increases by 2, but those extra items must be part of your Arcane Armor.  This special weapon is called 'Thunder Gauntlets' (a simple melee weapon) for the 'Guardian' Armor Model, and 'Lightning Launcher' (a simple ranged weapon) for the 'Infiltrator' Model. But I am wondering which Artificer Infusions are appropriate for this special weapon ? Is it only the 'Enhanced Weapon' and 'Radiant Weapon' infusions, or are there others ?


Usage of superlative in the context of more than one item

Can we use superlative when we are talking about 2 or more items? I'm not quite sure about that since the rule says: "Superlative adjectives are used to describe an object which is at the upper or lower limit of a quality".   I wanted to figure out this before talking to my student who wrote the following sentence:"Only a few games are the most popular in the world".


I am new in designing, i want to upload image in html page . I am using this code.  <form name="myWebForm" action="mailto:youremail@email.com" method="post"> <input type="hidden" name="MAX_FILE_SIZE" value="500" /> <input type="file" name="uploadField" /> </form>   my Question is:how we can upload an image in html OR browse an image?


90s/2000s sci-fi movie about a psychic girl and an alien woman

I remember some parts of a live-action sci-fi movie I saw sometime in the 90's or maybe early 00's.  The movie was set in present day and centered around a small girl, about 5 years old, I think. The girl had psychic powers and there was an alien sneaking in her room at night to teach her to use her powers. The alien was depicted as a young human-looking woman, however she could also shapeshift and teleport. The girl hadn't progressed very far in her training, but could make a "ball" of psychic energy.  At some point the military caught a whiff of this and did what the military do best - they captured her and wanted to study her. Unfortunately they didn't teleport-proof their holding cell and the little girl made a big enough ball and teleported to some random place in a nearby city.  Then there were some chase scenes, culminating in the girl, the alien, and another male character (I think) fleeing in the alien's spaceship with the military in hot pursuit in their helicopters. The alien's spaceship could cloak, but unfortunately it didn't extend in the infrared, so the military just put on their IR goggles and fired some heat-seeker missiles. Things were tense there for a moment, but, of course, they escaped unharmed.  The movie ended on an uplifting note with the alien saying something along the lines that the girl is the first one of many and that the psychic powers are the next step in human evolution, and about to become a lot more common. And, of course, great things to come, etc.


T-SQL script to perform a compressed backup with maximum compression level

I have a database with full backup of almost 2GB. When I perform a full backup (without compression) and then compress it with winrar it become 140MB, but when I backup WITH COMPRESSION syntax the result is 315MB, and unfortunately after compression with winrar the size not changes. How can I use T-SQL for full compression at maximum level?


Combining PowerShell commands for use in a Java program

I'm writing a Java program which will pull out the process related logs for an application. For this I need to get the Java processes created in a specific location. I need to know how to get this information on a Windows box using a single command or a combination of commands that can be passed in a single line.  I did a bit of studying and ended up with PowerShell as an option. I get the result using two separate PowerShell commands:  Powershell Get-Process java| where {$_.path -like 'D:\ptc\Windchill_11.0\Java\jre\bin\java.exe'}     But when I combine the two, no results are obtained:  Powershell ; Get-Process java ^| where {$_.path -like 'D:/ptc/Windchill_11.0/Java/jre/bin/java.exe'}     Can anyone help me to combine the two, or is there any other option other than PowerShell?


Let $R$ be a commutative ring and $a_1, \dots, a_n$ elements of $R$. Prove that $\frac{R[x_1, \dots, x_n]}{(x_1-a_1, \dots, x_n-a_n)} \cong R.$

Let $R$ be a commutative ring and $a_1, \dots, a_n$ elements of $R$. Prove that $$\frac{R[x_1, \dots, x_n]}{(x_1-a_1, \dots, x_n-a_n)} \cong R.$$   We can look at this as \begin{align*} \frac{R[x_1, \dots, x_n]}{(x_1-a_1, \dots, x_n-a_n)} &\cong \frac{R[x_1]\cdots[x_n]}{(x-a_1, \dots, x-a_n)}\\ &\cong \frac{R[x_1]\cdots[x_n]/(x_n-a_n)}{(x-a_1, \dots, x-a_{n-1})}\\ &\cong \frac{R[x_1]\cdots[x_{n-1}]}{(x-a_1, \dots, x-a_{n-1})}\\ &\cong\\ &\ \ \vdots\\ &\cong R. \end{align*}    However, I want to use an explicit map $\varphi: R[x_1, \dots, x_n] \twoheadrightarrow R$ where $f(x_1, \dots, x_n) \mapsto f(a_1, \dots, a_n)$ and show $\ker \varphi = (x_1-a_1, \dots, x_n-a_n)$.  I can see $(x_i-a_i) \mapsto 0$ for $1 \le i \le n$ and so $(x_1-a_1, \dots, x_n-a_n) \subset \ker \varphi$.     How can I show that if $f(a_1, \dots, a_n) =0$, then $f(x_1, \dots, x_n) \in (x_1-a_1, \dots, x_n-a_n)$?


Calculating Mean for Multiple Rows in ArcGIS for Desktop?

I am trying to calculate a mean across a multiple number of attribute rows and have this value added to a new field that I have entered in the attribute table. I have an attribute table which has a number of different ecoregion types associated with them.  For example:  If I select "Arid Canyonlands" there are 3 attribute rows that are selected, each with their own "mean". I am trying to add a new field to the attribute table which will take the "mean" of these three and populate that value in the new field created. I could manually do it through an editing session and using a calculator but just wanted to know if there is an easier way to actually do it through field calculator?


I am new in linq and struggling with it. I have T-SQL query and am trying to convert a linq query. I have some problems with joining tables. Here the T-SQL query:     SELECT CAST(CREATE AS DATE) CREATEDATE            A.ID,            100 AS PRODUCTTYPE,            SUM(ELEMENTCOUNT) AS NUMOFITEMS,            SUM(ELEMENTCOUNT)*(CASE WHEN A.USERID=C.USERID AND PRODUCTTYPE=100 THEN C.PRICE ELSE 10 END) AS TOTALPRICE     FROM PRODUCTLIST A LEFT JOIN PRICELIST C ON A.USERID=C.USERID     WHERE CAST(CREATE AS DATE)>='2021-01-01'     GROUP BY CAST(CREATE AS DATE), A.ID  And here the C# code:  var soldProducts = _context.ProductList             .Where(x => x.Created.Value.Date >= "2021-01-01")             .GroupBy(t => new { t.Created.Value.Date, t.UserId})             .Select(i => new SoldProductList()             {                 Date = i.Key.Date,                 UserId = i.Key.UserId,                 ProductType = 100,                 NumOfItems = i.Sum(y => y.ElementCount),                 TotalPrice = i.Sum(y => y.ElementCount * ( **??**  ))             }).ToList();  In the y.ElementCount * ( **??**  )part I want to say that if the UserId in ProductList equals to the UserId in PriceList, take this price; else take the price as 10. So I need to join ProductList and PriceList. I try to implement GroupJoin but can not understand the resultSelector part, Why am I need result selector, if I need how can I implemet in this code.


Template function taking different class as parameter

I keep getting that weird compile error "LNK2019 unresolved external symbol" c++. I want to create a template function that will take different class as it's parameter. Event and Items are the classes I have created.  template<typename C> void viewFunction(C customClass, char ch){    if(ch = 'E'){        customClass.printName();        customClass.printPrice();    }    else{        customClass.printName();        customClass.printSize();        customClass.printWeight();    } }   Now I called that function in main. The error happens when I try to pass in a class as my template type, I think.  int main{  Event myEvent1; Event myEvent2;  Item myItem1; Item myItem2;  viewFunction(myEvent1, 'E');  viewFunction(myItem1, 'I');  viewFunctionmyEvent2, 'E');  viewFunction(myItem2, 'I');  return 0; }


Reading P value from ANOVA table generated by R

I generated an ANOVA table in R and every boxes are in number except the P value shows "3.387e-05". What does that really mean?


If $|f(z)|\leq |f(z^2)|$ on the unit disk, show that $f$ is a constant function.

Suppose $f$ is holomorphic in the unit disk $D=\{z: |z|<1\}$ and $|f(z)|\leq |f(z^2)|$ on $D$. Show that $f$ is a constant function.   My Try:  I wanted to use Strong Maximum Principle, but failed to prove that $f$ is bounded on $D$. I want to try this problem in my own. Can anybody please give me just a hint?


How do I align the viewport to a face normal?

I would like to align the view straight on to a face, perpendicular to the normal. How do I align the 3D viewport to the face of a mesh?


I am looking for a distribution where the probability density decreases quickly after some point away from the mean, or in my own words a "plateau-shaped distribution".    Something in between the Gaussian and the uniform.


Can I use a Broadcom USB Bluetooth dongle with Atmega328P MCU for wireless communication? I can't find the pinout of the USB anywhere

Here is an image of the device I have:    However, the chip used in my dongle is BCM2035. It is a standard USB Bluetooth Dongle. I have never used a Bluetooth with an MCU before. I'm guessing the use of Vcc, Gnd, Rx and Tx pins. This dongle offers me USB interface as you can see, which is connected to 6 pins on the board. I am not sure what all these pins are and how should I interface.


Extraction of registration number of a car

Please help me out the number of a car. Robbers entered our city late at night to steal in 3 cars including my car. High value coins and other items were taken away. The neighbor's camera filmed the robbers' vehicle. See picture. Help me from this image to extract the serial number of the vehicle. I am stuck. Thank you.  Video Link:


How does Cantor's diagonal argument actually prove that the set of real numbers is larger than that of natural numbers?

I have looked into Cantor's diagonal argument, but I am not entirely convinced. Instead of starting with 1 for the natural numbers and working our way up, we could instead try and pair random, infinitely long natural numbers with irrational real numbers, like follows:   97249871263434289...   0.12834798234890899... 29347192834769812...   0.23489712349789878... 42987412938478321...   0.23487912836784798... 43921649873612384...   0.58792834796781823... 49238749213847921...   0.58971238456497213... 98123489712348790...   0.58291739429587199... 45678294218374691...   0.09123498915832837... 69217346876217384...   0.23897123484839759... 52189347981283490...   0.34823948750038273... . . .   Couldn't we just as easily apply the diagonal argument to the natural numbers, and therefore generate a new natural number after completely exhausting our list? Here's another way to look at it:   97249871263434289...   0.0 29347192834769812...   0.1 42987412938478321...   0.2 43921649873612384...   0.3 . . . 49238749213847921...   0.8 98123489712348790...   0.9 45678294218374691...   0.10 69217346876217384...   0.11 52189347981283490...   0.12 . . .   If we accept Cantor's diagonal argument, doesn't the second argument now prove that there are more natural numbers than real numbers between 0 and 1? If you imagine this infinite list of real numbers, which in fact does include all numbers between 0 and 1 (or else the set [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6...] wouldn't contain all the natural numbers), it seems like the only distinction between the two sets are the inclusion of a preceding "0." for the real numbers. Does that magically make the set larger?


Annoying flickering in 16.04 LTS - Chrome

I've upgraded from 4.4.0 to 4.4.8 and then 4.5.2 on Ubuntu 16.04 LTS 64-bit, and it's still happening.   At 4.5.2 it's even more frequent, and mainly in Chrome (haven't tried firefox or opera just yet). Every time I open a new web page. Any way to fix that, or is it a bug?  00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation HD Graphics 5500 (rev 09) 04:00.0 Display controller: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD/ATI] Venus XTX [Radeon HD 8890M / R9 M275X/M375X] (rev 81)   Cheers.