Expectation Maximization: decrease in likelihood in iteration

Each iteration of the EM algorithm will lead to a (weak) increase in likelihood. I however get tiny decreases of the (estimated) likelihood just before the parameter estimates converge. This is the first time that I use the EM algorithm, so I would be interested if this phenomeon can appear with a correctly specified and coded method or not and, if yes, if it is a common phenomenon.  Could it just be that the algorithm keeps searching in a flat area of the likelihood around the maximum, which leads to numerical decreases in the likelihood approximation? What are further diagnostics that I could check?  To get a picture, a typical sequence of changes in expected likelihood per observation that I get in simulated data looks something like this:  3.7311e-06 1.706e-06 1.4912e-05 9.1953e-05 0.00047164 0.0019663 0.0074215 0.021332 0.035066 0.046388 0.057377 0.062306 0.057089 0.040042 0.019623 0.0064888 0.0018022 0.00049184 0.00013265 3.4079e-05 7.7135e-06 1.1234e-06 -2.5607e-07 -3.8119e-07 -2.7317e-07 -1.6555e-07 -9.3877e-08 -5.1608e-08 -2.7939e-08 -1.501e-08 -8.0357e-09 -4.2965e-09 -2.2974e-09 -1.2294e-09 -6.5877e-10 -3.5356e-10 -1.9011e-10 -1.0242e-10 -5.5285e-11 -2.9929e-11 -1.6223e-11 -8.828e-12 -4.7957e-12 -2.6277e-12 -1.4402e-12 theta converged -- exiting   This question is a follow-up to .


I uninstalled Ubuntu Software store, how can get it back?

I am pretty new to linux. I had to install the program as it wasn’t loading any apps or refreshing the first page, although search worked just fine. I tried replacing it with Snap Store and so so but those didn’t quite feel the same and snappy. So, is there any way to get that Ubuntu Software center/store back again? I am on 20.04 .


GeoServer + Leaflet display map wrongly in square zones of contrast

I have a GeoServer(2.16.2) publishing a raster layer through WMS(1.1.1). On the client side, I have a Leaflet(1.7.1) canvas display the raster layer. As can be seen from the figures below, map is being displayed unbalanced in intensity/bright within the tiles; At each level the tiles are wrongly balanced. This is the code I'm running on the client side:

          Any ideas on how to fix this?


What are some free sculpting tutorials for absoute begineers in sculpting, Where each brushes explained in details with examples?


How do I deal with a bored or distracted player bringing down the group?

My group have been playing various D&D style games for a few years,  I have one player however that often will drift off and start playing on his phone  and several times has actually fallen asleep (with his character having to be "nudged" along by his fellow players).  He insists he's "just tired" and "isn't bored" — and besides, he keeps insisting we all get together for D&D and wants to play.  Unfortunately we're all pretty busy, so if I'm to get the group together at all it's usually late on a Sunday. After talking to the player he insists it's not the game, or the story, he just happens to be tired. But, it's the same excuse every week, and the odd times we've played at different times or situations, the falling asleep has happened.  How do I cope with:   The morale destroying (for me) idea of your players falling asleep through a campaign and story you've put lots of work into. The general tone of the room when this player loses interest. (Occasionally a couple of others zone out into Facebook when they're not "active" because the players have split up / gone unconscious).   Given that it's an "all or nothing" situation with the group (there are only 3 players and they won't play unless all 3 are around), how do I best deal with it?


Which Answer to Accept: Better Solution or Answer to Actual Question?

Possible Duplicate:          I received two answers to a question I asked. One solution suggested I do things in a completely different manner than I have been. Another acknowledged that the first solution was correct but went on to explain how to do what I was asking.  Should I accept the first answer because it provides the better way of doing things or should I accept the second one because it answers the precise question that was asked?


When can scientific publications have a dedication?

Under which circumstances can a scientific publication have a dedication?  It is not uncommon for theses (Bachelor, Master, PhD, ...) to have a dedication. Furthermore, some big publications in high impact journals happen to have a dedication.  However, what about regular journals? Can I include a dedication in the 'Average Journal of okay results'? It is assumed that I will not have a top journal hit publication in the near future. Would such a request be turned down immediately?


Can a player pick and choose quantity of spells on the fly?

What I mean is, I know that if a play has four spell slots of level 1, they can cast four  level 1 spells and no more. But what I am confused about is does a player have to specify if they want, for example, two Cure Wounds spells and two Detect Magic spells? Or can they just say "I have prepared Detect Magic and Cure Wounds" and then cast how many they want until their spell slots are expended?


Determine if $h(x)=\sin(x^2)$ is uniformly continuous on $(-\infty,\infty)$

Normally I know how to do these kind of questions using different kind of methods, but on this specific one I have no idea what to do:   Determine if $f(x)=\sin(x^2)$ is uniformly continuous on $(-\infty,\infty)$  any solutions or maybe advice? Thanks!


Custom shortcode not being included in content paragraph

Ive created a custom shortcode via functions.php to display a phone number in the content when the shortcode is used in the WYSIWYG field.  function contact() {   $contact = get_field('contact',options);   echo $contact; } add_shortcode('contact', 'contact');   However in the content editor when we write "contact us on [contact]" it comes out on the front end with the phone number first and then contact us on on the next line.  I've also tried this:  function contact() {   $contact = get_field('contact',options);   printf ('%s',$contact); } add_shortcode('contact', 'contact');   How can I please get this string to be included in the paragraph and not be on its own line above any content?  Thanks, Adrian


Where can I find a reference to the format of the comment field (field 5) of the /etc/passwd file?

In the /etc/passwd file on my system, the "comment" field, field 5, is inconsistent in its contents.  I thought that I could extract it to get the full name of the user.  fullname=`awk -F: '$1 == name {print $5}' name=$LOGNAME /etc/passwd`   However this returns with $fullname containing a name with 0, 3, or 4 commas following.  Exploring the man page (man 5 passwd) provides no details of this field other than describing it as "user name or comment field."  Perhaps there is additional information that is stored along with the user name?


Automatically load external images in posts onto Imgur (like GitHub camo)

(anonymized image URLs) for all external images that appears on GitHub, like when rendered in a README file, in a document, or in issues/pull requests. Using a proxy for images provides several benefits:  Performance: Less traffic through the image server - for popular images the "camo" cache does its job almost all the time.  Functionality: What if the origin server is misconfigured and makes a small (but critical) mistake in, for example, handling CORS?  Durability: The origin server is down - okay, the "camo" cache is available for serving. Worse, what if the image is later changed on the server (under the same URL) to something else? Best they tell you they're not hosting your images, or just replace your image with terrible ads they can make 💰💰💰 out of. .  : The image server can't track users directly, or even get to know how many visitors there are.   That said, a "camo" service is going to be beneficial all the way, but SE is still linking to whatever images directly. Since SE is already using Imgur for image hosting, why not just detect all external images, and before the post is submitted, automatically fetch and store them onto Imgur? This will directly address the following issues:    and more...


Fellow Physics community, I am an undergraduate about to graduate with an Econ major & Math minor. I have never taken a physics class at the university & it bugs me how ignorant I am about the physical word. I am planning on picking up some Physics textbooks once I graduate to educate myself out of this state.  My question: Given that I have already taken the Calculus Series + Linear Algebra/Diff Eq’s classes & read their textbooks, what are some good entry level Physics Texts that don’t dumb the math down to purely algebra?


Start chapter numbers with 1 in every new part of document

I'm using  for Lyx. However, I couldn't figure out how to globally reset the chapter number after the start of a new part. This is how the TOC looks right now:   Part 1   1 Chapter 1 Chapter  Part 2   3 Chapter    But I want it to look like this:   Part 1   1 Chapter 1 Chapter  Part 2   1 Chapter    Every help is appreciated! Thanks a lot in advance!


C# - Running a task in a for loop doesn't work

I am trying to sum all the values of a byte array using 4 tasks. So I wrote a for loop in the main method with starting and running a new task each time it loops:  for (int i = 0; i < tasks.Length; i++) {     Task.Run(() => Sum(i)); }   The parameter of the Sum method is portionNumber. In the Sum method, the first thing it execute is:  Console.WriteLine("I is " + i);   When I run it, it shows me:  I is 4 I is 4 I is 4 I is 4   However, if I wrote it like this:  Task.Run(() => Sum(0)); Task.Run(() => Sum(1)); Task.Run(() => Sum(2)); Task.Run(() => Sum(3));   The result prints:  I is 0 I is 1 I is 2 I is 3   My question is why? How can I run the 4 task using for loops instead of duplicating code?  Thanks alot.


I recently started reading about Lagrangian Mechanics. I observed that it uses some basic expressions that are derived by taking Newton's laws of motion as fundamental such as kinetic energy, potential energy, momentum, etc. So how can Lagrangian even be fundamental if it uses expressions that are based on some other fundamentals? Also, can Lagrangian be used to solve any of the problems out there in mechanics easily?


Differences between Amount, Count, Number and Quantity

My programming peers suggest to use the term count with discrete things: count of words, count of sentences and so on. Then again my instructor suggest me to use the term "number" for the discrete things in a thesis. I have used the word "amount" but my instructor says that is only for continuous measures.   Please, clarify the different usages. It may be that programming jargon misuses the words. How and when to use the words in official language?  Examples about the usages with count, number and amount -- wrong or right?     I have 7 liters of juice. This amount is too much to drink alone.       I have 17 sparse polynomials. This count is irrelavant. (how my programming would say)      I have 17 sparse polynomials. This number is irrelavant. (Used amount but guided to number)


How to redefine \alpha as a command that takes parameters in Latex?

So, I've been trying to renewcommand \alpha by assigning it parameters in Latex. This is what I have for my preamble and the body...(seen below). On line 12, I attempted to create such a "function", but I continue to get the following errors for line 14:  ! TeX capacity exceeded, sorry [input stack size=5000].\alpha #1->\alpha (#1) ...\mathcal{C}^{\infty})\) is a map \(\alpha:   and for line 1: ! ==> Fatal error occurred, no output PDF file produced! Can someone please help!?   \usepackage[utf8]{inputenc} \usepackage{latexsym, braket, amsmath, amsfonts, amssymb,amsthm, mathtools, standalone, setspace, graphicx, tikz, pgfplots, nccmath} \pgfplotsset{compat=newest} \usepackage[english]{babel} \newcommand{\Def}{\underline{\textbf{Definition:}}} \renewcommand{\labelenumiii}{\roman{enumiii}} \renewenvironment{proof}{\textbf{Proof:}\setlength{\parindent}{5em} \setlength{\parskip}{1em} \renewcommand{\qedsymbol}{$\blacksquare$}}{\hfill \qedsymbol} \DeclarePairedDelimiter\abs{\lvert}{\rvert} \renewcommand{\sup}[1]{\mathrm{sup}(#1)} \renewcommand{\inf}[1]{\mathrm{inf}(#1)} \renewcommand{\alpha}[1]{\alpha(#1)} \newcommand{\eps}{\epsilon} \usepackage{anysize}\marginsize{.5in}{.5in}{.5in}{.5in} \setlength{\parindent}{3em} \setlength{\parskip}{1em} \author{Dwight Dinkins} \title{DIfferential Geometry ITCP: Lecture 1} \date{March 19, 2020} \setstretch{2}% \begin{document} \maketitle \Def A differentiable curve \((\mathcal{C}^{\infty})\) is a map \(\alpha: I \longrightarrow \mathbb{R}^{3}\), \(I=(a,b)\subset\mathbb{R}\), such that \[\alpha{t}=( x(t), y(t),z(t))\), \(x,y,z\) are \(\mathcal{C}^{\infty}\) functions. \end{document}```


Break out of two loops and two if statements - Python

I have a section of code used to find a key value within a dictionary. The current method i'm using works, however i'm attempting to speed up the execution of the script. To do this i want to move the if ticker in tick: to immediately after for tick in trades_dic["Ticker"].items():. The intention of which is to speed up this element by removing the need to check all combinations. Full section of code below, any help would be much appreciated. :)     for tick in trades_dic["Ticker"].items():         for stat in trades_dic["Status"].items():             if ticker in tick and "Open" in stat:                 (tick_k, tick_val) = tick                 (stat_k, stat_val) = stat                 if tick_k == stat_k:                     (active_k, v) = tick                     break         else:             continue         break


Will a Schengen visa allow an Indian citizen to Mexico?

I am an Indian citizen having a valid multiple entry Schengen visa and want to travel from Delhi to Mexico via Amsterdam. I will stay in Mexico for 3 days & will head towards Paris. Do I need a Mexican visa or only a Schengen visa?


I am using QGIS v 3.2. The data set I am using involves pipelines. I need to mark an exclusion zone which is running 50m either side of the pipeline for the entire length of the pipeline.   Is there a function which will allow me to do this or do I have to plot it manually?   The reason I ask is that the pipeline is not straight, portraying various bends and curves, which I would find it hard to create a 50m exclusion zone accurately by hand.    Would a possible way, be by duplicating the shapefile and somehow offsetting its coordinates by 50m?


Prove that the Michael line is not Lindelöf.   The Michael line is the space with underlying set $\mathbb{R}$ having the  topology generated by the base $$\mathcal{B} = \{ U \subseteq \mathbb{R} : U\text{ is open in the usual metric topology on }\mathbb{R} \} \cup \{ \{ x \} : x \in \mathbb{R} \setminus \mathbb{Q} \}.$$  We know the Michael line is Hausdorff, but why isn't it Lindelöf?


Geometric meaning of primary decomposition

In the book "Commutative Algebra with a view toward Algebraic Geometry of David Eisenbud, he wrote about the Geometric interpretation of primary decomposition.  I summary as follows :  Let $I=\cap_{j}I_{j}$ be a minimal primary decomposition of $I$, where $I$ is an ideal in $k[x_{1},\cdots,x_{n}]$. Then $Z(I)=\cup_{j}Z(I_{j})$. So, if $I$ is a radical ideal then each of $I_{j}$ is a prime ideal minimal over $I$, and the primary decomposition give us the decomposition of $Z(I)$ as the union of irreducible variety $Z(I_{j})$.  My thinkings are follows:  If $I=\cap_{j}I_{j}$ is a primary decomposition of $I$ then each $I_j$ is a primary ideal then its radical $radI_{j}$ is a prime ideal $p_j$. Then $Z(I_{j})=Z(p_{i})$ and because $p_j$ are prime ideals, $Z(p_{j})$ are irreducible varieties. Thus, $Z(I)=\cup_{j}Z(I_{j})$ is a decomposition of $Z(I)$ into irreducible components.   So, what is the role of the radical property of $I$ that Eisenbud mentioned ?  Could anybody point out the geometric meaning of primary decomposition in a very concrete way?  Thanks.  Update: MattE has answered my second question(thank you for that), but I still have trouble in my first question. Eisenbud's argument have used the radical property of ideal $I$, and he conclude that $Z(I)$ can be decompose into union of irreducible component. However in my argument above, I have not used it and still get the same conclusion. So was I wrong in anywhere or we can ignore the radical properties of $I$ in Eisenbud's argument?  Please point it out for me. Thank you very much!


MySQL - selecting all records except the ones already associated in the relational table

It's been a while since I had to write raw MySQL queries and lost touch a bit. I have a following situation in tables  Company     Client_Company ID NAME     CLIENT_ID COMPANY_ID  -------     -------------------- 1  X        10         1  2  Y        12         1 3  Z        36         3   My scenario does not really involve a client but I will use 'client' as don't want to get into explaining the exact entity I'm using here.  So imagine I can associate companies with clients through a select box within client editing area. What I want to do is that every time next company is assigned to the same client, that company must not appear in the dropdown anymore.  So basically I need to select all records from the Company table, to display as available options for a client with ID=10 but excluding company with ID=1 (which is already assigned to client 10). How would I do that?


Why are capacitors available with values like 378 µfarad and 0.22 farad which have prime numbers like 11 and 7 in factorization instead of values like 375 µfarad and 0.2 and 0.25 farad which are nicer in factoring and addition?  What makes the manufacture of former advantageous than latter?


Here, I have a very interesting problem that I found.      In triangle $ABC,$ we have $\angle B = 2\angle A.$ Prove that $b^2 = a(a+c).$     Here is how far I have gotten:  Here, $\angle B= 2 \angle A$ and therefore, $\angle C = 180- 3 \angle A$. Now, I use the Law of Cosines because if I distribute out the RHS of the equation we need to prove, we get $b^2 = a^2 + ac$, which is close to what I would get by the Law of Cosines.  If I use Law of Cosines, I get the following possibilities: $$ a^2 = b^2+c^2 -2bc\cdot \cos A\\ \boxed{b^2 = a^2+c^2 -2ac\cdot \cos B} \\ c^2 = a^2+b^2 -2ab\cdot \cos C.$$ Now what would I do? Thanks in advance for any help.


Not able to dispose DataTable in foreach loop

In my Dispose method I am disposing everything a Dataset has as below:  foreach (DataTable myTable in this.Tables) {     myTable.Dispose(); }   Here this.Tables is public DataTableCollection Tables { get; }  I am having around 56 tables in this.Tables when it comes near to this call.  It works fine for few tables but suddenly it throws:     System.InvalidOperationException:    Collection modified error   I am not sure why is this happening.  I tried to search for this exception a lot but i could not fine why it is breaking in my application.  May be because of threading? or I need to convert it to a list?


Back To The Future: moving in time but not in space?

Every time the DeLorean travels in time, it appears in the same place as the place it left. But that's the same place relative to the Earth's surface. In space-time terms, that point is constantly moving: the Earth rotates on its axis at a speed of one revolution per day, and moves around the Sun at a speed of one revolution per year (a roughly circular orbit with a radius of 93 million miles). The Sun is orbiting around the centre of our galaxy, pulling its planets with it, and our galaxy is moving relative to all other galaxies.  So if the DeLorean does not move in space in absolute terms, then a time-jump of even a few minutes would place it outside the Earth's atmosphere as the planet would have moved a few miles in that time. Therefore, to prevent this, the car's computer has to calculate the precise movement of the Earth (and Hill Valley) over the required interval travelled.  Two questions:   A computer powerful enough to do that kind of calculation probably couldn't have fitted into a car in 1985. So where did Doc get it from? If he could calculate the spatial displacement to remain in the same place on the Earth's surface that accurately, why couldn't he adjust those calculations to make the DeLorean appear wherever he wanted?


How to find all programms installed on Ubuntu 18.04

I know this an FAQ, but this is a little different. My primary disk fails to boot, so I have reinstalled Ubuntu 18.04 LTS on a new disk.  The old disk is still readable, so can I find a list of all ot the programs that were installed on it, so I can install them on the new disk?


Does magnetic propagation follow the speed of light? E.g. if you had some magnet of incredible strength and attached an iron wire that is one light year long to it, would the other end of the iron wire begin to show a magnetic field in a year, or could it possibly be faster than a year?


Theorem 3.2 Rudin -- How is 0 concluded?

I'm having trouble understanding why the arbitrariness of $\epsilon$ allows us to conclude that $d(p,p')<0$. It seems we could likely conclude a value such as $\frac {\epsilon}{100}$ couldn't we?? The other idea that would normally work is the limit (as $n$ approaches $\infty$, $p$ approaches $p'$) but that would mean we are further in another sequence which would have same problem Thanks in advance   $\ $  $\ $  $\ $   Definition of Convergence     A sequence $\{ p_n \}$ in a metric space $X$ is said to converge if there us a point $p \in X$ with the following property: For every $ \epsilon>0$ there is an integer $N$ such that $n \ge N$ implies distance function $d(p_n, p) < \epsilon.$


How do I move my iPhone contacts to Gmail?

I have an iPhone that is already synced with my iMac, but I am away on leave and am using a Windows 7 computer. I need to send the contacts I've created on my iPhone to my Gmail account online, because I am going to update my iPhone's operating system and want to be sure I do not lose the contacts on my phone. I know I will probably lose my music, but that's okay.


Tourist traveling back to US with big amount of medical bills, will immigration hold him from the airport?

My father-in-law was hospitalized for a heart attack. He doesn't have money to pay all the outstanding bills and did not reply to any bills. He wants to return to the US but without travel insurance. Because of the medical bills, this will he be prevented from re-entering the US?


How do you evaluate:  $$\sum_{n=0}^\infty \frac{(-1)^n}{(2n+1)^3}$$  Not too sure where to start. I thought of trying to convert the denominator into some integral, but that didn't seem to work. According to Wolfram Alpha, the answer is $\frac{\pi^2}{32} $ but I'm not sure how. There's some use of a generalized zeta function on the Wolfram Alpha page, but I'm not too sure how to work with that. If someone would give me the answer using zeta functions, could you show step by step? I would really appreciate it. If there's an easier way, that would be appreciated!   Oh Also, please no Complex Analysis! Thanks in advanced!


I am doing a paper on native Americans totem animals and how the native Americans give animal characteristics to the human and was wondering what is the scientific word for this?


For some security reasons on one of our farm level solutions, we need to limit some actions using Event Receiver-FileMoving event. However, as known, event receivers can be deployed only by Site or SiteCollection level features. Since the solution that provides the main functionality is on farm scope, we need to be able to apply this event receiver to each and every document library there is.  I thought of creating a site level feature for the event receiver, and then enable it on all sites via FeatureActivated event of the farm scoped feature. But it doesn't cover new sites being added after the feature is activated. And since there is no setting for Site level features to "default enable", it doesn't work.  Then I found out  event, where I can enable the feature as soon as it's added. But, from what I understand, it's also site(SPWeb) scoped, so new web applications and site collections are not covered.  So, any ideas how I can make a farm scoped solution to deploy FileMoving event throughout the farm?  Sharepoint 2010/2013 Enterprise edition


Is there a Force-focused lightsaber style more warrior oriented than Niman?

Niman seems to be the most Force centric style but I believe that it's lacking in both offense and defense, and it doesn't have a good record either, most of Niman's specialists died on the first battle of Geonosis.


OSX zsh - Why do binaries only execute with the full path?

I'm just writing some small C scripts and testing them. Why dose  ~ Desktop: gcc test.c -o test ; /Users/xx/Desktop/test ;   work just fine while   ~ Desktop: gcc test.c -o test ; test ;   dose not work? Why dose OSX/ZSH need the full path to execute the binary?


I know this question is duplicated  but I tried to follow old answers and didn't understanded them.   So I tried to update an it went wrong and now I have to reinstall ubuntu but I would like to keep the home files. I'm a complete beginner at upuntu and not so good with computers so if the answer could be very detailed and best with photos that would be awsome.  When I installed  I think I tried to make a partition  of the /home but trying to reinstall I didn't find it.  So when I reinstall and click on do something else I have /dev/sd1 type ext4 used 26GB with ubuntu 16.04. LST system /dev/sd5 type swap used 0 mb /dev/sd6 type ext4 used 365 GB  I need to know when I click on change what to do with everyone of them I'm details  because I didn't understand when I read the ubuntu guide to reinstalling.  Please answer with the most basic and detailed instructions possible  Thank you!!


How can we send a SMS message from a Linux server to mobile for notifying  specific process status saying when a process goes down?


I am writing a photo gallery/sharing website and want to (1) write EXIF data to the JPEGs stored on server, and (2) strip that EXIF data prior to writing to the output stream for display.  Is anyone aware of a dotNet library -- preferably open source -- that allows the editing (the key here is that I need to write/erase the EXIF data, not just read it) of EXIF data in image files?


We know that it was he. Is this sentence correct? Or should I swap 'he' by 'him'?


I am a Linux user - very basic techie..Been using Linux for 16 years.   Installed Linux alongside Windows 10 on a new Acer Aspire c24-865. PC boots straight in Windows .... Since I cannot access UEFI in this BIOS (version R02-A0), none of the solutions   I have seen so far seem to apply .. Thanks for your help!!!  I tried all other solutions such as this: Windows 10 Boots Automatically After Installing Ubuntu


I have a Windows 8 drive that had the GPT Protective partition converted to MBR in an attempt to read it on another system.  The user then did not see the drive yet still and converted it back to GPT. It appears in the process that the volume data is missing / destroyed and data has not been recoverable.  Are there any utilities or methodologies that will facilitate data recover or rebuilding of the original partition data in such a scenario?  This was a Windows 8 volume from a new HP computer that appears to have, by default, secured the volume as the drive was not even readable in another Windows 8.x installation.


I'm toying with the jQuery plugin  to implement a branching wizard for a web application. The problem I'm struggling with right now is how to deal with user choices that affect the subsequent workflow and the content and re-ordering of the progress meter of the wizard.  As for now I can think of 3 alternatives.   Static solution: Lay out all possible steps in advance. Though some steps will only be activated if the user makes the appropriate choice. Otherwise, the wizard continues with the next valid step. As an example: If someone doesn't need the "flight transfer option" the wizard simply leaves out all steps concerned with that choice. Fluid solution: Lay out only the default or required steps (happy path scenario). If for instance at some point the user chooses to branch away from the visible path (I need the transfer option) the wizard gets a visual update and also its progress meter. Now, showing all the additional steps. (I'm not sure though if this is visually appealing.) A combination of 1 and 2: This is meant as an extension to 1) and 2) where all the choices are made up-front like in a short enquiry (1st step). Based upon these choices the wizard gets a visual update with the corresponding workflow. If the user wants to change the choice she made she has to re-visit the first step (which creates the potential complexity of not loosing already entered data)


I want to write the following:  18 ± 1 nm  (that's a plus/minus sign)  I'm using the siunitx package but in their manual I can't see anything about adding errors to the numbers of units. I've tried \SI{18 \pm 1}{\nano\metre} but that outputs "18(1) nm" which isn't the format I want.


Broken design when editing my communities list via the app

When I tap the "EDIT" under "Your Sites", each element in the subscription list that appears has an enormous margin at the top & bottom, which makes the list unusable.  Screenshot:         App Version: 1.0.85 Device Manufacturer: Sony Device Model: SGP771 OS Version: 6.0.1 (1994651638)


How to remove write-protected directories using the Terminal

I am having trouble removing a file which cannot be removed manually via the File manager. Here is the code I tried putting into the Terminal:  rory@rory-laptop:~$ rm /var/www/html/index.html rm: remove write-protected regular file '/var/www/html/index.html'? y rm: cannot remove '/var/www/html/index.html': Permission denied   So as you can see, I am unable to remove the file. Does anyone have any ideas on what I should do to remove the file?


what are These ones mean ? it’s a Homework !

What are these points as shown in the pictures


Im importing and svg file and when i go to edit mode get some 1000's mesh and edges,etc. Is there a file to get a clean mesh. Image is attach object mode look fine but when turn to edit mode 1000's of mesh. Is there any other file format which we can get a clean mesh.    blender file   file disappear


VirtualBox shows only 32-bit options - tried all solns referenced

I have the following   Win 10 installed as 64-bit Hyper-V is unchecked BIOS setting enables Intel Virtualization   Is there a way to diagnose this 'common' problem beyond the suggestions?  The PC is pretty old (Lenovo B570).  Is it possible that this is a dead-end and I should just install 32-bit Ubuntu?


Simulate production workload on test environment

We are on SQL Server 2008 R2 Standard Edition. Some tables are highly fragmented. I want to see if defragmentation will improve performance and is worth the effort and tables/indexes being locked during the process. Therefore I want to restore the full backup on a test environment and simulate a live environment. What is the best way to follow? How can I capture the events going on in a live environment for some period? What tools are available for this? Thank you


How does DISTINCT work in SQL Server 2008 R2? Are there other options?

I am looking to create a statement in which I need two columns from the SELECT statement to be distinct.    Here is my current formula below (apologies for the sloppiness).  SELECT     team_id_num,            source_id_num,             engineer,            status FROM       report central GROUP BY   engineer ORDER BY   team_id_num ASC;   For team_id_num I am wanting to get just one team_id_num (DISTINCT).  The tricky part is that there should be a unique source_id_num for each correlating team_id_num by engineer (need to group by engineer because if not, I will not be able to see the team_id_num if another engineer has that team_id_num.


Why isn't $S^2$ a lie group? The only spheres that are Lie groups are $S^0$,$S^1$ and $S^3$. What about these spheres makes them special so that they are the only spheres that can be given a continuous group structure?


Let $x = (a^2+a+1)^{1/2}-(a^2-a+1)^{1/2}$ and $a$ belongs to real number find all possible value of $x$.

Let $A = (-1/2, \sqrt{3}/2)$, $B = (1/2, \sqrt{3}/2)$, and $P = (a, 0)$. Then $P$ is a point on the $X$-axis and we are looking for all possible values of $d = PA - PB$. By the Triangle Inequality, $PA - PB < AB = 1$. And it is clear that all the values $-1 < d < 1$ are indeed obtainable. In fact, for such a $d$, a half hyperbola of all points $Q$ such that $QA - QB = d$ is well defined. (Points $A$ and $B$ are foci of the hyperbola.) Since line $AB$ is parallel to the $X$-axis, this half hyperbola intersects the $X$- axis, i.e., $P$ is well defined. I know that at point $A$ and $B$ the two above $\sqrt{\cdot}$ function will obtain minimum value respectively I am not able to understand why are we looking for all the possible value of $d$, what is the relationship of $d$ with the possible value of $x$? This is question number 14 from 101 problems in algebra (USAIMO)


How set hyphen (divis) to specific unicode char

I need a specific divis / hyphen character or more than one randomly show  This code is not working at the present.  Does anyone have any suggestions?  \documentclass{minimal}  \usepackage{blindtext}  \usepackage[htt]{hyphenat}  \newsavebox\leftarrowbox  \sbox\leftarrowbox{$\leftarrow$}   \makeatletter \renewcommand*{\BreakableSlash}{%  \leavevmode \prw@zbreak /%  \discretionary{\usebox\leftarrowbox}{}{}%  \prw@zbreak }  \makeatother   \begin{document}   \parbox{40mm}{%  \texttt{/etc\fshyp really\fshyp long\fshyp directory\fshyp name/ \blindtext}%  }   \end{document}


Can I use main hand shield and longsword in off hand and benefit from dual wielder?

Assume I'm a fighter, Sword and Board.  If the shield is in main hand as an improvised weapon, doing 1d4+STR, and my longsword is in off hand doing 1d8+STR. I have Two-Weapon Fighting and Dual Wielding.    Would this allow me to shield bash with my shield twice with extra attack (e.g. shove or do 1d4 damage), and make an off hand full attack with the longsword as my bonus action, and meet the requirements for the +1 AC from Dual Wielder:     Dual Wielder         You master fighting with two weapons, gaining the following benefits:   You gain a +1 bonus to AC while you are wielding a separate melee weapon in each hand.   You can use two-weapon fighting even when the one handed melee weapons you are wielding aren’t light.


Is it mathematically impossible to incorporate the space curvature into the equations of motion and gravity?

Obviously, I haven't studied GR, I know no more than common knowledge. However, I'm wondering, is it impossible to develop a mathematical model based on flat space, in which the new equations of motion and gravity make the same predictions as GR? Or it's possible, but the equations will be very long and messy?


"Similar questions" overlaps footer and has no background

When I can scroll down far enough to have the hot network questions overlap the footer (because my question is short) there is no background under the text:    Could they either be given a white background: (just disable the transparency option)    Or stop at the footer:      This also happens with the help text on some sites, as per this bug report:     Ubuntu 14.04.1 (Latest LTS Version), . Same problem with  and .  Windows 10 Pro,  and .  (Images linked to screenshot of browser)  My question is different from  because my issue is the lack of background on the footer.   I think there was a site redesign?


How to merge different whatsapp chat histories stored in different devices

I have a few devices/sdcard with old whatsapp chat histories from the SAME account. How to recover and merge the old ones to the current one in the latest device?


Please see . The poster uses the word lemon in the last sentence. I understand in a general sense that this is being used to indicate something bad or more specifically of inferior quality.   Indeed, Roget's Thesaurus : failure, flop, junk, reject, and piece of junk.  It will be interesting to know how lemon came to mean an inferior quality.   As shown , it might have something to do with "sucking the juice out of somebody" or "bad taste left in mouth."  This seems contradictory to me since  is fruit with great nutritional, medicinal and culinary value. Moreover, there are so many fruits out of which you suck the juice out. And lemon taste is never bad.


Please bring back monospace fonts for the Markdown editor

When editing a question or answer (on multiple websites, including Stack Overflow, Code Review, and Database Administrators), the Markdown editor uses proportional fonts.  This is extremely annoying on sites that deal with lots of code blocks.  When asking a new question, it uses monospace — the way it was until recently, and the way it should be.


If $A $ and $B$ are independent R.V., will $A^2$ and $B$ be independent?

Given A,B are independent identically distributed random variables  will  $$E[A^2B]=E[A^2]E[B]$$  (uncorrelation) $$P_{A^2B}(a,b)=P_{A^2}(a)P_B(b)$$  (independence)   hold?  An initial thought is that one-to-one mapping of random variable will not destroy independence  However the mapping $$f(x)=x^2$$ apparently is not an 1-1 mapping.  Any proof toy example to show if the above two property still holds after mapping?


Can I return an object by value, and not reference, in JavaScript?

I've built a program that tracks grades in a school, and which students belong to each grade. One of the class's methods, roster(), returns the school roster after it sorts the students alphabetically. In the tests, I'm trying to see if the school roster can be modified outside of the class, specifically by calling roster(), storing this object, and modifying it. This is possible because JavaScript is returning a reference to my this._roster object. For the test to pass, I must be unable to modify the returned object. Credit: I'm working on a project from exercism.io Here's my code: export class GradeSchool {   constructor() {     this._roster = {};   }    roster() {     const keys = Object.keys(this._roster);     for (let i = 0; i < keys.length; i++) {       this._roster[keys[i]].sort();     }     return this._roster;   }    add(name, grade) {     if(this._roster.hasOwnProperty(grade)) {       this._roster[grade].push(name);     } else {       this._roster[grade] = [name];     }   } }  And my test: test('roster cannot be modified outside of module', () => {     school.add('Aimee', 2);     const roster = school.roster();     roster[2].push('Oops.');     const expectedDb = { 2: ['Aimee'] };     expect(school.roster()).toEqual(expectedDb);   });  I tried modifying my roster() as shown: ... which technically no longer modifies the this._roster object, but obviously still doesn't work as it stills passes an object by reference, which is stored and modified outside of the module. roster() {     const duplicateRoster = {};     const keys = Object.keys(this._roster);     for (let i = 0; i < keys.length; i++) {       duplicateRoster[keys[i]] = this._roster[keys[i]].sort();     }     return duplicateRoster;   }  I've been researching how I can return an object by value and not by reference. I've been unsuccessful in finding an answer, however. If somebody knows how, please show me here. If it isn't possible, can somebody please explain how I can make my this._roster object private/unaccessible outside of the module?


How to set up a computer lab for a school?

folks.  I was recently given the task to remove Windows XP from some 15 computers in a primary school, install Lubuntu 12.10 on them (all too old for Gnome/Unity) and set up Scratch so the students can start learning coding in a month or two.  The problem is: although I've been using Linux for a decade now, I've no idea of how to set up a "master" computer to deal with the updates and maybe even broadcast whatever is happening on its screen to all the "slave" computers in the lab.  The only useful answer I found here was  regarding the use of "squid-deb-proxy" to deal with the updates in an efficient way.  Any how tos, tutorials or tips from someone who's done something similar?  Much appreciated. Thank you.  theguilster


The table that I'd like to make does not display fractions with enough space between lines. What's the reasoning for this? (Not enough rep to be able to post a picture yet unfortunately.)  \documentclass{article} \usepackage{amsmath,amsfonts} \usepackage{booktabs}  \begin{document} \begin{table} \centering \begin{tabular}{lcccc} \toprule \textbf{Care type} & $\mathbb{P}(Pat \cap H)$ & $\mathbb{P}(Pat \cap H')$ & $\mathbb{P}(Pat' \cap H)$ & $\mathbb{P}(Pat' \cap H')$\\ \midrule Direct care  &$\displaystyle \dfrac{58}{197}$  &  $\displaystyle \dfrac{48}{197}$  & $\displaystyle \dfrac{21}{197}$* &$1-\displaystyle \dfrac{58}{197}$ \\ Housekeeping &$\displaystyle \dfrac{12}{17}$  &  $\displaystyle \dfrac{2}{17}$  & $\displaystyle \dfrac{5}{17}$* &$1-\displaystyle \dfrac{12}{17}$\\ \bottomrule \end{tabular} \caption{Probabilities of hand hygiene given direct patient contact} \label{tab:handwash_given_pat} \end{table} \end{document}   Edit: Image added and MWE completed.


Should you say "job status" or "jobs status"?

I have a web application that displays the status of batch processing jobs on our computer cluster. To me, the title should read:     Job status   not     Jobs status   but I really don't know why and I'm not sure I'm right. Could you kindly explain?


Deleted accepted answer pinned as top answer

On , the accepted answer (with 23 votes) is deleted. But it is still pinned to the top. (10k required to see deleted answer)    By the looks of it, the answer was deleted from the "low quality posts" review queue. But it never got unpinned when upon deletion.


Dual booting Windows/Ubuntu, Can't extend Ubuntu Partition into allocated space

I am dual booting Windows/Ubuntu, but for some reason can not extend the Ubuntu Partition into allocated space. I tried gpartion and doing it in windows and have the same issue, I can see the disk space but I am not allowed to extend my Ubuntu partion into the unallocated space, any ideas? Thank you all.


How do I safely upgrade from server 16.04 to 20.04?

As said in the title. Specifically, I want to loose nothing, neither Systemd services, cron jobs, files in my \home folder, config... If upgrading means risking loosing one of these, then I won't upgrade. So is it possible, and if so, how?


How can i parse a comma delimited string into a list (caveat)?

I need to be able to take a string like:  '''foo, bar, "one, two", three four'''   into:  ['foo', 'bar', 'one, two', 'three four']   I have an feeling (with hints from #python) that the solution is going to involve the shlex module.


Should insect in the following sentence be in a plural form?     It is a dragonfly. It is a kind of insect (or insects?).   Shouldn't we always use plural noun after a type/kind of ?


wrong header in bibliography (classicthesis)

I'm using classicthesis and have a problem with the header of my bibliography: instead of small caps I receive normalfont letters. I don't know how to make a reproducible MWE, because when I load a bibliography with   \begin{thebibliography}{99} \bibitem{example} \bibitem{example} \bibitem{example} \end{thebibliography}   the problem doesn't occur. And in the classicthesis-package itself, the bibliography is too short to show the problem (header starts at the second page).  So here's what I'm doing:   \documentclass[ twoside,openright,titlepage,numbers=noenddot,headinclude,footinclude=true,              cleardoublepage=empty,             fontsize=11pt, ngerman,american]{scrbook} \input{classicthesis-config}  \bibliography{bibliography} % change to your own bibliography \renewcommand*{\bibname}{Bibliography} \setbibpreamble{}  \begin{document} \tableofcontents \pagestyle{scrheadings} \part{Introduction} \include{Chapters/test} % insert chapter with lots of citations  \manualmark \markboth{\spacedlowsmallcaps{\bibname}}{\spacedlowsmallcaps{\bibname}} % work-around to have small caps also \refstepcounter{dummy} \addtocontents{toc}{\protect\vspace{\beforebibskip}} % to have the bib a bit from the rest in the toc \addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{\tocEntry{\bibname}} \printbibliography   \end{document}   I'm not sure if this is working... if not you might have an idea anyway what I can try


Unit vector notation - both line and hat?

I know that unit vectors are usually written in bold with a hat for example: $$\hat{\mathbf{i}}$$  But if you use vector notation with arrows (as I do when I write with pen and papper), should you both have an arrow above the vector and a hat, or just the hat?  Thanks!


How to show $ \sup \inf g(x,y) \leq \inf \sup g(x,y)$?

Came across this little practice exercise, and I couldn't properly convince myself of this relation:  Let $X,Y \subset \mathbb{R}^n$ and $g:X\times Y \rightarrow \mathbb{R}$. Show that $$\sup_{y \in Y} \inf_{x \in X}g(x,y) \leq \inf_{x \in X} \sup_{y \in Y} g(x,y).$$  My thinking was starting with $\inf_{x \in X}g(x,\overline{y}) \leq\sup_{y \in Y} g(\overline{x},y)$, but does that even hold for all $\overline{x} \in X$ and $\overline{y} \in Y$?


comparatives - "easier" or "more easy", "friendlier" or "more friendly"

Yes, this is a question that people keep repeating about comparatives, especially with these adjectives: easy, pretty, friendly, lively.   I know the rule about two-syllable adjectives ending in  /i/ or /o/ should get the morphological -er and -est.   Yet, it is evident from different copora that the use of "more easy" and "more friendly" exists, which is not infrequent.  Did anyone come up with an explanation for this or did read any scholarly articles relating to the choice of these different construction of comparatives?


Renaming files with numbers to corresponding 1-n numbers in order

So I have a bunch of files in a folder, where a leading number represent the order of the file, but they are not the usual 1-n, like this:  2-file.txt 4-file.txt 7-file.txt 12-file.txt   and I want to have them in a sequential order from 1 to "number of files", preserving the numeric order, so:  1-file.txt 2-file.txt 3-file.txt 4-file.txt   where 1-file.txt is the previous 2-file.txt, 2-file.txt is the previous 4-file.txt and so on


What are the main differences between 3.5e and 4e of D&D

I've been playing D&D 4e for a while, and I've been considering n getting 5e or 3.5, and what are the main differences between 4e and 3.5e? I know 4e is more combat orientated, is 3.5e that same way? Or is it more roleplay oriented?   Thanks!


I would like to save files in Photoshop but keep them as small as possible.   I use Save for Web (and Devices) and save as a JPEG. Here are the settings I used:     I really do not want to lower the quality settings because I use text and sometimes I see artifacts if the setting is too low.   This produces file sizes of several hundred kilobytes depending on size of image. While this isn't a huge issue these images are used for the web and smaller is better. What are techniques without reducing quality to reduce the file size?   Update:  To add some more information here:   Many of the images I use and create get sent via email. This severally limits what I can do with placing of text using HTML and CSS over the image.   Also I use a variety of fonts. Some I could use for the web using CSS's @font-face but you can run into large file sizes and in some cases you cannot upload the font to the web legally. I could use a service like  but again many fonts I use are not available with Typekit.   Here is an example image:


So, I am trying to have a program kill a child process once control-C is called. I am trying to do it with control-c with this part of my code.:  void signalHandler(int sig_num) {     kill(pidKillTracker, SIGINT);     //signal(SIGINT, signalHandler);     printf("\nChild PID is terminated: %d\n", pidKillTracker);     fflush(stdout); }  int main(int argc, char ** argv) {     signal(SIGINT, signalHandler); //......    Here is the output I show:  :sleep 20 28345^C Child PID is terminated: 28345 :sleep 20 28383^C^C^C^C^C:   The number before ^C is where I print out the child process ID (I fflush after, so its not that). I do it to prove that the signal is killing the child ID correctly.  As you can see, when I call CTRL-C the first time, it works fine and terminates and prints the child process terminated.  YET, the second time I do it, the process won't terminate no matter how many times I hit CTRL-C.  I can't find anything wrong with this code. Also, I am making sure that pidKillTracker is set to the current child process everytime in the parent foreground, right before waitpid(). It is set equal to what comes out of fork() and is the child process. So it should be calling the current child process ID number every time.  Any ideas as to why this won't work a second time?  I have read that it may be suggested that I use sigaction, yet I really am unclear how to use that with what I am doing, not familiar at all with it, even after reading about it. I fail to understand how to use it.   Could someone point me in the right direction to make CTRL-C work more than once?


Number of faces visible in different dimensions

In 3D, if I look at a cube, at most I can see three faces at one time from any given perspective, e.g. by looking at a corner dead on.   In 2D, if I look at a square and my perspective is in the plane determined by the square, at most I can see two "faces" (lines).  In 1D, if I look at a segment (which is I suppose the notion of a square/cube for 1D), at most I can see one "face" (the segment endpoint).  My question is, how does this concept generalize to an $n$ dimensional hypercube? Does it grow linearly as the pattern suggests?


Shell Script cant leave while loop when receiving a certain message in mosquitto

So I am trying to get this Script running to exit the while loop if a certain message arrives on my Raspberry pi. Sadly it isn't working. Somehow it doesnt recognize that j is set to false if the message arrives.   #!/bin/bash   # This script subscribes to a MQTT topic using mosquitto_sub. # On each message received, you can execute whatever you want.   set -x j=true   while [[ $j == true ]]  # Keep an loop to reconnect when connection lost/broker$  do mosquitto_sub -t parsec.stop -C 1 | while read -r payload  do         # Here is the callback to execute whenever you receive a message:         if [[ "$payload" == "parsec.stop" ]] || [[ $j == false ]]; then          echo "Rx MQTT: ${payload}"         j=false        fi   done   sleep 1  # Wait until reconnection done # &  # Discomment the & to run in background (but you should rather run$  echo "end"  this is what i get in my Shell when I execute the script + j=true + [[ true == true ]] + mosquitto_sub -t parsec.stop -C 1 + read -r payload + [[ parsec.stop == \p\a\r\s\e\c\.\s\t\o\p ]] + echo 'Rx MQTT: parsec.stop' Rx MQTT: parsec.stop + j=false + read -r payload + sleep 1 + [[ true == true ]] + mosquitto_sub -t parsec.stop -C 1 + read -r payload  As you can see it does declare j = false as soon as the message arrives. But it doesnt leave the loop. As there is still shown [[ true == true]]


How do I get my Epson Scanner working on Ubuntu 13.10

I have the Epson SX218 with a built-in scanner. The printer works fine but if I want to scan something simple scan says no scanner found.  Any ideas what I can do?  By the way, how can I check the ink level of the printer??


I have read that "it" is not used to refer to human, but I encountered the following within a grammar textbook without any explanation:  There's someone at the door. Can you go and see who it is?  Is it grammatically correct to use "it" to refer to people?


My linux has changed into command mode. How to change it back to GUI mode?

My linux laptop has changed into command mode and I want it back to GUI mode. I tried pressing Alt+Ctrl+ (F2 to F10) but nothing happened. Also it does not have a sudo command. Please help me to solve this problem. Its a 64 bit machine and Ubuntu 18. 04 LTS It shows a black screen with a text:  BusyBox v1.27.2 (Ubuntu 1:1.27.2-2ubuntu3) built in shell (ash) (intramfs) _   I have tried every possible commands but it's not going back to the normal GUI.. It shows the following on the screen:  [1056.234913] print_req_error: I/O error, dev sda, sector 981375008 fsck exited with status code 4  The root file system on /dev/sda3 requires manual fsck UBUNTU: UNEXPECTED INCONSISTENCY; RUN fsck MANUALLY


Let $B$ be a compact subset of a metric space $X$. Let $x \in X \setminus B$. Prove that there exists disjoint open subsets $U,V$ of $X$ such that $x \in U$ and $B \subseteq V$.   Is this an existence proof? If yes, do I get to define $U,V$?


Is there a free visual similarity image local hard drive search?

I'm looking for a desktop search engine for finding images on my local hard drive with high visual similarity. I've only found paid for ones so far. It could be Linux or Windows software; either would be helpful. A Google Desktop plugin would be nice!  My first use case is being able to organise all the processed versions of a photo based on it's original, or finding the original of a processed image.


is a common spice in Mexican cookery, especially in the Yucatan. However, like many Mexican ingredients, it's hard to find in Europe. What can I use as a substitute to give the same colour and approximate flavour?


How to XZ a directory with TAR using maximum compression?

So I need to compress a directory with max compression.   How can I do it with xz? I mean I will need tar too because I can't compress a directory with only xz. Is there a oneliner to produce e.g. foo.tar.xz?


Dear fellow Ubuntu users, for two years now I've been using Ubuntu. Although I love the system, it's quality is going downhill, steeply. Every new update (12.10, 13.04, 13.10) the issues only seem to get worse. Now my system laggs every other minute (freezes for a couple of seconds) and is unresponsive at times. Firefox, for example, seems to crash every 10 minutes (but only for a few seconds where a grey zone overlays the whole browser window).  I figured my issues could be due to Unity failing as I found many people on the internet with the same conclusion so I exchanged Unity for Gnome only to discover that it didn't fix anything (it actually added to the problem).  A second guess would have been a malfunctioning or slow HDD, running a benchmark yielded following results:  /dev/sda:  Timing cached reads:     2 MB in  6.42 seconds = 319.19 kB/sec  Timing buffered disk reads:   2 MB in  4.38 seconds = 467.79 kB/sec   Which is extremely strange since I wouldn't expect cashed reading to be slower than buffered reading.  So having said this, can anyone tell met whether I should be on the lookout for a new HDD or whether my OS is in fact failing?  Working for school has been extremely annoying with a laggy system like this and I desperately need a fix here. What I have tried/done:   HDD benchmark installing GNOME rather than Unity Reinstall every Ubuntu OS from 12.04 to 13.10,   Thanks in advance!


Solve the Recurrence Relation T(n)=sum of T(i)T(n-i)

$T(1)=1 \\ T(n) = \sum_{i=1}^{n-1}T(i)T(n-i) \\ $  I have been trying to get rid of the Summation using the T(n+1) - T(n) technique, but I can't figure out how to apply it to this.   I used recursion trees but got too messy.  Now I'm wondering if there is an elegant solution to this recurrence.


Normal subgroup of a normal subgroup of a group is not always a normal subgroup of a group. Prove using GAP.

How could I show that a normal subgroup of a normal subgroup of a group is not always a normal subgroup of a group?  Here is what I did. I know the Algebra system GAP, so I wrote the following function:  performTheProve:= function()     local g, gDash, AFour, NormalOfAFour, NormalK;     AFour:=AlternatingGroup(4);     NormalOfAFour:=NormalSubgroups(AFour);     for g in  NormalOfAFour do         for gDash in NormalSubgroups(g) do             if(not gDash in NormalOfAFour) then                 return [gDash, g];             fi;                  od;     od; end;    This function produces the following result:  [ Group([ (1,2)(3,4) ]), Group([ (1,3)(2,4), (1,2)(3,4) ]) ]   So, now I am stating that the Group([ (1,3)(2,4), (1,2)(3,4) ]) is a normal subgroup of a ${A}_{4}$, Group([ (1,2)(3,4) ]) is a normal subgroup of a Group([ (1,3)(2,4), (1,2)(3,4) ]) and not a normal subgroup of a ${A}_{4}$.  Given this example I am proving that normal subgroup of a normal subgroup of a group is not always a normal subgroup of a group. Am I right?


Which one of these is correct and why? Is there a difference between American English and British English? Or spoken vs written English? To drop the "to" or not?  24-hour access to your Personal Account and the 24-hour Support Desk will help solve every possible online issue.  24-hour access to your Personal Account and the 24-hour Support Desk will help to solve every possible online issue.


I have made my laptop double boot a few months again, with Ubuntu 18.04.1 . I have been working with okular to open pdf files (for the commenting option) but suddenly okular doesn't work anymore. When trying to open okular I get the following error:     Unable to find the Okular component: Cannot load library /snap/okular/39/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/qt5/plugins/okularpart.so: (libKF5JSApi.so.5: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory)   I don't understand how to solve this problem. Okular was working fine until today and I didn't change anything to my ubuntu system in the mean time. Perhaps the problem comes from the fact that I have been working on windows the last few days and also used the windows ubuntu app.   How can I make okular work again?


plain text can be enctypted like password in vi editor?

Can anyone tell me, How to plain text can be enctypted like password (********) in vi editor or using vi editor or any other method ?


what question should be asked to make a persona

I am currently designing an interview plan in order to make a persona for our products(an ERP software, already online). So here is the outline of the questions that i want to asked:  know your user (name, age, experience, working environment, etc) know how they work know their likes about the system   know their dislikes about the system   could you give me some ideas?


Getting path relative to the current working directory?

I'm writing a console utility to do some processing on files specified on the commandline, but I've run into a problem I can't solve through Google/Stack Overflow. If a full path, including drive letter, is specified, how do I reformat that path to be relative to the current working directory?    There must be something similar to the VirtualPathUtility.MakeRelative function, but if there is, it eludes me.


Possible Duplicate:          I use my laptop as a replacement for desktop. I generally use it for 6 to 7 hours a day. However I use it for light use like word processing , programming , movies (once two to three days). I have been using my laptop for an year and a half now and the battery wear percentage is 21.7%. I do back to back charge-and-discharge of my battery as I have read that keeping it plugged into AC while having battery in might harm the battery in long run. I do use a cooler pad and recalibrate my battery once two-three months.  What other things should I do to increase my battery service life considering my regular heavy use? (Increasing the years the battery will provide service)   Other information: CPU (first gen i3) temp: 49C.  Motherboard Temp: 49C. Hard Drive Temp: 42C Laptop Model: HP DV4-2126TX.


Optimizing logical sector size for physical sector size 4096 HDD

With many new hard drive disks the physical sector size is 4096. Would it be possible to make the system use a logical sector size of the same size, rather than the default logical sector size of 512?  Will it speed up bulk reads and writes? Where can it be configured?


My laptop configuration: Windows 7 - 32 bit - Intel Pentium 2.1 Ghz Dual Core - 2 GB RAM - 320GB HDD (for software development and also for practice).


Can a limit order be fullfilled with a better price than offered?

When a limit order is fulfilled, is it always at the specified price? In other words, is it possible that a buy (sell) order will be completed with a lower (higher) price?


Can we generalize Aleph numbers to non integer values?

I'm really new to those kind of arguments so don't call me mad but I was wondering if there is a way to define an infinite set which cardinality is an Aleph-number like: $\aleph_{\frac 12}$. I have a sort of passion to generalization of math objects and I've been really astonished when I learned about fractals, whose dimensions are not an integer number so I was thinking if there is some way to build infinite sets (maybe with an unusual list of axioms) whose cardinality is not an Aleph-number with integer index  and how those numbers and sets would work. Any help or reference is appreciated :)


This  and  indicate that something called "OverlayFS" is available in Ubuntu 11.10 and will forcefully replace aufs in Ubuntu 12.04.  How do I use it? Where is its documentation?


If correlation does not imply causation, then what will it take to infer a causal relationship?

Basically the title. What statistical quantity can be used to confirm a causal relationship if not correlation?


stringstream >> operator does not take the next line

void fill() { ifstream fin; fin.open(File); if (!fin) {     throw std::runtime_error("unable to open file"); } char line[maximumCodeLine]; std::stringstream stream; string letter; string code; while(readline(fin, line, maximumCodeLine, '\n')) {     string str = string(line);     stream.str(str);     stream >> letter >> code;     cout << letter << endl;     cout << code << endl;     // basically what i want to do finally     // create some object like --> object myObj(letter, code); }     }  bool readline(ifstream &fin, char *line, int linesize, char delim) {   if (fin.eof()) return false;     fin.getline(line, linesize, delim);   if (!fin.good()) return false;   int last = strlen(line) - 1;   if (line >= 0 && line[last] == '\r') line[last] = '\0';   return true; }   I have text file containing the following     abc 1234   ass 2345   dfd 3455   Basically, I want to create object taking two string parameters. Then I would get two words on the line of the text file and pass them into the object.  But when I print out the letter and code each time stream changes its string value, I get     abc   1234   abc   1234   abc   1234   It means that letter and code value does not change.  I think stream >> code and stream >> letter has problem because I confirmed that the stream itself changes its string value during the while loop  How can I get the next word???


Would software RAID 1 be broken if I move both drives to a new PC?

Does a RAID 1 setup by software (win) break once you move both drives to another Win PC? Is there any way to bind the drives together so that the RAID setup stays, even after changing motherboard/cpu?


What is wrong with this proof of: $2+2 = 5$

I have seen this image and surprised that we can prove $2 + 2 = 5$. can any one tell me what is wrong with this image.     Prove that, $2+2=5$.      We know that, $2+2=4$      $$\begin{align}\Rightarrow2+2&=4-\dfrac92+\dfrac92\\\,\\ &=\sqrt{\left(4-\dfrac92\right)^2}+\dfrac92\\ &=\sqrt{16-2\cdot4\cdot\dfrac92+\left(\dfrac92\right)^2}+\dfrac92\\ &=\sqrt{-20+\left(\dfrac92\right)^2}+\dfrac92\\ &=\sqrt{(5)^2-2\cdot5\cdot\dfrac92+\left(\dfrac92\right)^2}+\dfrac92\qquad\qquad\qquad\\ &=\sqrt{\left(5-\dfrac92\right)^2}+\dfrac92\\ &=5-\dfrac92+\dfrac92\\ &=5\\\,\\&\therefore\,2+2=5\text{ (Proved)}\\ \end{align}$$


How to find process that is grabbing focus

After starting the computer I usually start the web browser fairly soon after start-up. Often I see the title bar flicker briefly and the colour change from Active to Inactive. The browser does not process mouse scroll or keyboard cursor messages. I need to click the browser for it to receive focus and start processing input again.  No other application is running (in the sense of having a button on the Taskbar). When I run Task Manager, nothing obvious suggests itself as the culprit. Is there any 3rd party technical tool or in-built Windows application that can identify which process is capturing focus? Presumably some Windows message like WM_SETFOCUS is involved, so perhaps there is some way to tell Windows to log any processes processing this message?  Windows 8.1


Inserting code using listings, goes off page

When I use \begin{lstlistings}, the code is too long and goes off the page, will I have to go through every line and fit it onto the page ? The code is incredibly long and this will take a very long time.    Edit: Added code:  \begin{lstlisting}[language=Python]  def bilinear_matrix(volatility,r,x0):  """Finds the bilinear form matrix A for the Black Scholes PDE"""  x = np.array(x0) N = len(x0) - 1 h = x[1:]-x[:-1]  a = np.empty(N+1) a[0] =  ((volatility**2) / 2) * ((x[1]**3 - x[0]**3) / (3 * h[0]**2)) + \         (volatility**2 - r) * (-1.0 / h[0]) * (0.5 * (1 + (x[0] / h[0])) * (x[1]**2 - x[0]**2) - ((x[1]**3 - x[0]**3) / (3 * h[0]))) \         + (r * h[0] / 3)  \end{lstlisting}


I would like to produce quadratic equation with integer coefficients.  Here's my code using pgfmath.  \documentclass{article} \usepackage{tikz} \pgfmathsetseed{\pdfuniformdeviate 10000000}  \begin{document} $\pgfmathdeclarerandomlist{signe}{{+}{-}}% \pgfmathrandomitem{\s}{signe}% \pgfmathparse{random(2)}% \pgfmathparse{ifthenelse(\pgfmathresult==1,"-"," ")}\pgfmathresult \pgfmathrandominteger{\a}{1}{6} \pgfmathparse{ifthenelse(\a==1," x^{2} ","\a x^{2}")}\pgfmathresult % coeff a \pgfmathdeclarerandomlist{lincoeff}{{}{2}{3}{4}{5}{6}} \pgfmathrandomitem{\b}{lincoeff}% \pgfmathrandomitem{\s'}{signe}% \pgfmathsetmacro{\e}{random(0,6)} \pgfmathparse{ifthenelse(\e==0," ", " \s' \b x ")}\pgfmathresult % coeff b \pgfmathrandominteger{\c}{0}{6} \pgfmathrandomitem{\s''}{signe}% \pgfmathparse{ifthenelse(\c==0,"","\s'' \c")}\pgfmathresult % coeff c =0$ \end{document}   It works but it seems to be not a good way, I had some pain with the x-coeficient and my solution looks complicated. I tried to use an ifthenelse inside an other ifthenelse but without success. Is there a better way ?


How to select entities by name in Minecraft?

I am pretty new to JSON in minecraft and I wonder how I can teleport my dog named Jack S. Eye to me? I was thinking something like /tp @e[name=Jack S. Eye] @p, but it doesn't work (I understand that I probably need some kind of quotation around the name). And please answer in detail, because I don't know anything about this kind of hardcore in-game programming.  I have tried /tp @e[name=Jack_S._Eye] @p, /tp @e[name=Jack S. Eye] @p, and /tp @e[name="Jack S. Eye"] @p. I don't know what I am doing wrong?


Can publishing on arXiv create copyright issues?

As an undergraduate I'm relatively new to academia. I was wondering if publishing a paper on arXiv could potentially be an issue if I were to want to get the same paper in, say, Nature, for why would Nature be okay with their material being openly available online? Isn't there a copyright issue here?


How big an RSA key is considered secure today?

I think 1024 bit RSA keys were considered secure ~5 years ago, but I assume that's not true anymore. Can 2048 or 4096 keys still be relied upon, or have we gained too much computing power in the meanwhile?  Edit: Lets assume an appropriate padding strategy. Also, I'm asking both about security of signatures and security of data encryption.


I'm trying to pass a modified clone of an object credential.user to a function const credential = await this.afAuth.auth.signInWithEmailAndPassword(email,password); var userInfo=  await credential.user  userInfo.displayName=  name  return this.updateUserData(userInfo);  however I am getting this message: ERROR Error: Uncaught (in promise): TypeError: "displayName" is read-only emailLogin/<@http://localhost:4200  How can I clone this object received from an async function and modify one of its attributes?


What is the difference between explicit and implicit waits in Selenium?

There is a lot of discussion in the selenium space about explicit and implicit waits. Getting ones wait strategy is clearly key to solving many intermittent test failures. There are warning however such as if you mix them together you can create deadlock failure situations. I find the terms confusing and misleading. Can anyone succinctly describe the differences between them. Are they conceptual as was as implemented in code? Do I need to use webdriver waits over my own strategy?


Where should be period be placed when a sentence ends with a quote in parentheses?

As the title suggests, where should a period be placed when a sentence ends with a quote inside of parentheses? For example (and yes, I know this is a weird example):  Henry tripped on his shoelace and fell, skinning his knee (and saying "oww")  The period has been removed because I don't know where it should go. I can see two possibilities that make sense here:   Henry tripped on his shoelace and fell, skinning his knee (and saying "oww"). Henry tripped on his shoelace and fell, skinning his knee (and saying "oww.")   I would assume that whatever ruling on this applies for periods, the same ruling would go for commas, although this is a pretty weird one so maybe that's not the case.


Are there any disadvantages to shrinking a database?

My production server's database grows unexpectedly and almost I am going to create a job for shrinking the database which runs once in a month. Is it a good idea?  The backups was failed and the time of failure huge transactions were logged which rapidly grows the DB.  I am using SQL Server 2008 R2.


I have two tables, movies and categories, and I get an ordered list by categoryID first and then by Name.  The movie table has three columns ID, Name and CategoryID. The category table has two columns ID and Name.  I tried something like the following, but it didn't work.  var movies = _db.Movies.OrderBy( m => { m.CategoryID, m.Name })


motion tracking : how to extract 3d position from selected 2d tracker

I already solve my camera and created 3d scene successfully. Now i want to do 2d track the original clip and by using solving data, i want to extract that specific point into 3d coordinate (as empty object or plain axes). How can i do this ?  Thanks


Standard deviation of the sum of two normally distributed random variables with a weight

I'm trying to find the standard deviation of the following distribution: $Z = kX + vY$ where $k$ and $v$ are scalar values, therefore it isn't a normal sum but it is the sum of two weighted normally distributions. Thanks in advance!


A website called  can detect a Drupal site's Drupal version and modules in use. So if I don't want others to find that information, what can I do?


Why do I keep getting this error: SQL command not properly ended for insert into values?

INSERT into L5_DIRECTORS (director_id, first_name, last_name)  Values             (1010, 'Rob', 'Minkoff'),             (1020, 'Bill', 'Condon'),             (1050, 'Josh', 'Cooley'),             (2010, 'brad', 'bird'),             (3020, 'lake', 'bell');  EDIT: I figured it out, I had to write each row individually and run it, I do not why it would not work all together but thanks for the help anyway.


Why the reference for kilogram has to be round in the Avogadro Project?

The question popped into my mind after reading  and the corresponding . From what I've understood (please correct me if I'm wrong), they wanted to redefine the Kilogram. So they made the roundest object on earth whose mass is exactly $1$kg. But why they went through all the trouble for making a $1$kg perfect sphere?  I mean, couldn't it be an easier-to-make shape? Or why it's shape should be perfect? From a layman's point of view, when you want to make something a perfect $1$kg and a perfect sphere simultaneously, these two perfectnesses may compensate each other. You may smoothen some surfaces to make it more round but instead you might lose some material, or vice versa.  Here are the reasons that I could think of, which did not sound totally convincing:   The object is intended to be a reference for kilogram, which is the base for all weight measurements. This kind of object is surely a special one, so it should be special in some other ways as well to make it unique. Being the roundest object serves this purpose. To illustrate some technological advancements. I mean, if they are showing their ability to make such a perfect silicon sphere, it indicates that they can handle making some ultra-sensitive devices as well, such as ultra-accurate gyros and other stuff. This would justify the expenses in the long (or even short) term. The molecular structure of silicon in its monocrystalline form is spatially symmetric. So the sphere shape is more compliant with this crystal form than other shapes. (Sorry for possibly inaccurate terms, I'm not so familiar with the details).   These reasons are not so related to physics except somehow the last one. Here are my questions:        Are there any other physics-related or technical reasons for the spherical shape of the kilogram reference?   Wouldn't it be better to put more focus on the accuracy of the weight and be less worried about its perfect shape?      P.S. Some side-notes:  I tried my best to add relevant tags, but since I am not so familiar with this site and this is my first question, some tags might be missing or irrelevant. Please feel free to edit and improve the question.  I am also having trouble understanding why the kilogram should be redefined at first place and what was wrong with the good old platinum-irridium alloy. Since this was not so relevant, I didn't mention it directly. But a really perfect answer may shed some light on this matter as well.


How do I calculate someone's age based on a DateTime type birthday?

Given a DateTime representing a person's birthday, how do I calculate their age in years?


How can I have images that are side-by-side and have numbers attached to each one?

For example:  *Image 1* *Image 2* *Image 3*    (i)       (ii)     (iii)  Figure n. Multiple images. (i) image at time n. (ii) Image at time n+1. (iii) Image at time n+2


What is the opposite of "to stink" (v)? Is there one at all?

Specifically I'm looking for an antonym of the infinitive rather than the noun. For example, "fragrance" is an antonym of "stink" (the noun), but you can't say "Wow, that fragrants" or "Wow that fragrances" in the way you can say "Wow that stinks".


When in many rooms, user's info goes off screen

So, I wanted to check what low-number rooms are still active so I joined a bunch of rooms in the chat.  This is the result:    Bug also exists when expending rooms on the side:    Since the position is fixed I can't scroll down.  Proposed fix:  Only show the first 10 rooms, and show ... pointing to the user's profile for other rooms.


How can I make Mac Partition visible in Bootcamp (Windows 10 Anniversary Update)?

Today I installed Windows 10, version 1607, on my MacBook Pro (Retina 15in Late 2013). Before this I had Bootcamp setup with Win7. So, I started out by deleting the old Win7 Bootcamp Partition using the Bootcamp Assistant on Mac and then created a new partition and went on to install Windows 10. Everything seems to have gone smoothly: Partitioning, Installation of Windows 10, and the Apple Bootcamp drivers.  However, the Mac Partition does not show up in Windows File Explorer.  I found this related thread   I have run the commands with the following results:    It looks like my MBP is not using CoreStorage. FileVault is deactivated. ... and on my prior Windows 7 Bootcamp partition (that I deleted before setting up a new one for Windows 10) the Mac Partition was showing up correctly.  Here's a pictures of Windows 10 Disk Management:    Does anyone know what's going on here?


If $p$ is a prime and $(a,p^2)=p, (b,p^3)=p^2$,calculate $(a+b,p^4)$ $$$$ That's what I thought: $$$$ $$(a,p^2)=p \Rightarrow a=kp$$ $$(b,p^3)=p^2 \Rightarrow b=l p^2$$  So,$$(a+b,p)=(p+p^2)$$  Is it right or am I wrong?


The possessive form of who is whose. What is the equivalent possessive form of which?  which has the same purpose as who as a placeholder in a secondary sentence, with the difference that who is for people and living beings while which is for inanimate objects (please correct me if wrong).  Example:     An image is read and sent to the function, which's output is displayed.   Here I have used an obscure word invention: which's in place of the word I am looking for. What is the correct word to plug in, if any? Compare with a similar who-sentence:     An gift is wrapped and sent to the Peter, whose reaction is recorded.     The equivalent word in my mother tongue Danish is hvis:     Et billede læses og sendes til funktionen, hvis output vises på skærmen.


What is the correct way to write in first-order formula that for any natural number $n$, $P(n)$ is true?

I haven't learned first-order logic in a systematic way.   Question. What is the correct way to write in first-order formulas correctly the following statement?     For any natural number $n$, $P(n)$ is true.     Two candidate I come up with are the following:   $\forall n$ $(n\in{\bf N}\to P(n))$ $\forall (n\in{\bf N})P(n)$   The second one can not be right according to the instruction in  Wikipedia article. However, it is also used in .


How to select a good non-stick pan, price point wise?

I already have cast iron skillet but I can't find a decent "normal" pan, for eggs and stuff, sometimes steaks, more or less general purpose.   Here are some more features: high quality, durable, non stick, oven safe, dish washer safe, extremely flat surface - not to be higher in the middle, this is very important.  Of course pricier usually means better quality, but is it worth it based on the criteria I'm after? Is it likely to be worth going from pans below $60, to pans from $60 to $130, or to pans over $130?


Some apps don't allow screenshots so how can I still take a screenshot?  It is my phone and I should be able to do whatever I want with it so why is there even a feature to disallow screenshots?  Android 5.0.1


Infinitely shrinking continued fraction - how to improve design?

To create a continued fraction that truly symbolizes the endless, ever-ongoing nature of an infinite continued fraction, I have taken up this following "notation," where the font size shrinks with every step of the fraction:    I generated it with the following code, compiled with amsmath and graphicx:  $1+\dfrac{1}{2+ \dfrac{1}{\scalebox{.9}{2+{}} \dfrac{\hfill\scalebox{.9}{1}\hfill}{\scalebox{.8}{2+{}} \dfrac{\hfill\scalebox{.8}{1}\hfill}{\scalebox{.7}{2+{}} \dfrac{\hfill\scalebox{.7}{1}\hfill}{\scalebox{.6}{2+{}} \dfrac{\hfill\scalebox{.6}{1}\hfill}{\scalebox{.5}{2+{}} \dfrac{\hfill\scalebox{.5}{1}\hfill}{\scalebox{.4}{2+{}} \dfrac{\hfill\scalebox{.4}{1}\hfill}{\scalebox{.3}{2+{}} \dfrac{\hfill\scalebox{.3}{1}\hfill}{\scalebox{.2}{2+{}} }}}}}}}}}$   While I think that the design is decent for now, I would like to know how to fix a few problems in the appearance of the continued fraction, and why these problems arise:    The spacing of the plus operators get further and further distant from the fraction bar as the descent continues. How can I change my code to make the plus operators look more natural? The numerators seem to be drifting away from the fraction bars. How can I refine the spacing between fractions? I suspect this has something to do with \scalebox not changing the size of the box of the fraction's numerator, and only scaling the text, but I haven't figured out how to improve this. Also, if this is the case, why does \scalebox do this?    Also, I feel that my code is in general very inefficient, considering that I need to employ so many braces at the end; solutions that alter the structure of my code are welcome.


Sum calculation of combination with floor

How could I calculate this sum:  $$\sum\limits_{k=0}^{\lfloor \frac{n}{2}\rfloor} {n \choose 2k}$$


Java - How to make a random guess between two chars?

I'm a total beginner at Java and am struggling with making a simple card game where you choose between values "red" and "black". Can anyone see what's wrong?  String guess; Scanner keyboard = new Scanner(System.in);  Random r = new Random(); char answear = r.nextBoolean() ? 'R' : 'B'; String s = String.valueOf(answear);  do {     System.out.println("Guess the color of the card - (R)ed or (B)lack?");     guess = keyboard.next();     if (guess == s)         System.out.println("Correct");     else         System.out.println("Wrong"); } while (guess != s);


How can I find the longest simple circuit in $K_n$? Is there a simple formula that exists?


Modify Biblatex so citations appear as (author, year: pagenos)

I am really struggling to find a way to modify biblatex authoryear so that it comes out in this modified Harvard style. In case any solution can be helpful to others in the future, this is the style Sage Journals request.  What I want: (author, year: page).Biblatex author year normally produces something like this: (author year, page). By page, I mean the page in the cited document with the referenced material.  Here is a sample bibtex reference and how I would like it to apprear:      @book{Varshney:2003tn,     author = {Varshney, Ashutosh},     title = {{Ethnic Conflict and Civic Life}},     publisher = {Yale University Press},     year = {2003},     series = {Hindus and Muslims in India},     isbn = {9780300100136},     language = {English},     date-modified = {2012-12-14T03:45:28GMT}}   In-text citation:      Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua (Varshney, 2003: 83-85).   Bibliography Entry:      Varshney, Ashutosh. (2003) *Ethnic Conflict and Civic Life: Hindus and Muslims in India*. Yale University Press.   Any help is much appreciated!  EDIT: Included an example!


Can you start a sentence with "Hopefully,..."?

I am studying for the SAT, and I learned just now that the following sentence is grammatically incorrect:     Hopefully, we will be able to complete the building before the rainy season sets in.    The reason why it's incorrect is given in my study book: hopefully is an adverb, and yet it is not modifying a verb in this sentence.  I don't see how this is the case, because hopefully is modifying the verb complete. And why is that according to Google Dictionary, the following sentence is correct:     Hopefully, it should be finished by next year.


How to create query to fetch all iOS Developers in my city?

Currently I am doing: SELECT ROW_NUMBER() OVER(ORDER BY Reputation DESC) AS Rank, Id AS [User Link], Reputation FROM Users WHERE LOWER(Location) LIKE '%krak%' AND LOWER(AboutMe) LIKE '%ios%' AND Reputation > 10 ORDER BY Reputation DESC;   All ios developers are recognized by most used tag: xcode, ios or swift. How can I fetch that info?;) EDIT:  @Rene It is not duplicated question, because the question ypu refer to is about SPECIFIC TAG. In my question I need to find users who have the most popular tags either xcode, either ios or swift.


Having 'Appendix A' instead of 'A Appendix'

I would like to have my appendices labelled 'Appendix A', 'Appendix B', etc. However, when I use appendices in LaTeX (specifically llncs document class, downloadable at ), I instead get ''A Appendix', 'B Appendix' and so on. Is there any way to change that? More specifically, this is my minimal working example: \documentclass[envcountsame]{llncs}  \begin{document} \appendix \section{Appendix: Foo Bar} %I want this to appear as 'Appendix A: Foo Bar' \end{document}


According to the De-Broglie Wave Hypothesis an electron can be considered to be a wave. Red Shift occurs due to the expansion of space(Cosmological red shift), which must expand even on the scale of atoms, thus, even electron waves must be red shifted. However, that would imply that the wavelength of the electron wave is constantly increasing, and consequently its energy decreasing? But would that not cause the electron to spiral into the nucleus?


I have 3 files - main, Array.hh, and Array.cc. When I do "g++ main.cc Array.cc", I get all kinds of linker errors, e.g.: "undefined reference to Array<<\double>>::Array(int)"  I read the other stackoverflow entries for linker errors with templates, but they are recommending to split the HH and CC files, which I have already done. So what can be the problem here?  Edit: Thanks for the replies. I had not understood the posts I had read previously. Merging the Array.cc into the Array.hh solves the problem. Closed.  main.cc:  #include "Array.hh" #include <iostream>  int main() {     Array<int> anArray(12);     Array<double> adArray(12);      for (int nCount = 0; nCount < 12; nCount++) {         anArray[nCount] = nCount;         adArray[nCount] = nCount + 0.5;     }      for (int nCount = 11; nCount >= 0; nCount--)         std::cout << anArray[nCount] << "\t" << adArray[nCount]         << std::endl;      return 0; }   Array.hh:  template <typename T> class Array {     private:         int m_nLength;         T *m_ptData;      public:         Array();         Array(int nLength);         ~Array();         void Erase();         T& operator[](int nIndex);         int GetLength(); };   Array.cc  #include "Array.hh" template <typename T> Array<T>::Array() {     m_nLength = 0;     m_ptData = 0; }  template <typename T> Array<T>::Array(int nLength) {     m_ptData= new T[nLength];     m_nLength = nLength; }  template <typename T> Array<T>::~Array() { delete[] m_ptData; }  template <typename T> void Array<T>::Erase() {     delete[] m_ptData;     m_ptData= 0;     m_nLength = 0; }  template <typename T> int Array<T>::GetLength() { return m_nLength; }


How to access child records from an inner query in apex

I have a piece of code in my Apex:  List<sObject> assessmentToQuestions = [             SELECT Id, (SELECT Id FROM zced__Assessment_Questions__r) questions             FROM zced__Assessment__c             WHERE zced__Interaction__c = :interactionId         ];          Set<String> questionsIds = new Set<String>();         for(sObject assessment: assessmentToQuestions) {             for(sObject question: assessment.questions) {                 questionsIds.add(question);             }         }   The code above does not work because it does not allow me to use alias for the list of Id over here:  (SELECT Id FROM zced__Assessment_Questions__r) questions   I saw the application of an alias over  and tried to do the same, but got an error. So, my question here is how can I use an alias in the case?  Oh (this question in case if it is an x-y problem) how can I approach the problem of iterating the list in another way? I need to be able to iterate over all the Id extracted over here:  (SELECT Id FROM zced__Assessment_Questions__r)


Unable to upgrade Ubuntu 14.04 LTS to 16.04.1 LTS

Hi I have tried both the methods of upgrading.   Via terminal, I have typed:  sudo apt-get update. sudo apt-get distr-upgrade. sudo do-release-upgrade   But failed to upgrade distribution. It's showing error as:  The required dependency 'apt (>= 1.0.1ubuntu2.13)'is not installed.  When I opened update manager, it shows certain security updates but when I clicked install, it is unable to download, showing an internet connection error. Actually my internet is working at good 3G speed.    Please help me with upgrading.


I am trying to add the HelpText in to the VF Page and I tried few options like below  and none of them is working for me. Added the HelpText in the <apex:pageblockSectionItem> <apex:pageblockSectionItem helpText = "Test">    <apex:outputPanel >       <div class="ListLevel02">          <apex:outputLabel value="Type 1" ></apex:outputLabel>       </div>     </apex:outputPanel>    <apex:inputcheckbox value="{!conRec.Type_I__c}" styleClass="ListLevel02"></apex:inputcheckbox>   </apex:pageblockSectionItem>      HelpText is not enabled and cant click on them. I tried to have the HelpText added at the field  And tried using them like  <apex:pageblockSectionItem helpText= "{!$ObjectType.Contact.Fields.Type_I__c.inlineHelpText}">  Even this has the same behaviour. Can anyone say what am I missing here


How to compare the values of a dictionary with unknown keys?

I am a beginner in Python. I have written a code in which the name of the contestants and their scores will be stored in a dictionary. Let me call the dictionary as results. However I have left it empty while writing the code. The keys and values are going to be added to the dictionary when the program is being run.  results={}      name=raw_input()     #some lines of code to get the score# results[name]=score     #code# name=raw_input()     #some lines of code to get the score# results[name]=score   After the execution of the program, let us say results == {"john":22, "max":20}  I want to compare the scores of John and Max, and declare the person with highest score as a winner. But I wont be knowing the names of the contestants at the beginning of the program. So how can I compare the scores, and declare one of them as the winner.


Product of sines when the angles form a sequence

I am wondering how to find the following value of $x$ $$x=\prod_{n=1}^{9}\sin\left(\frac{n\pi}{10}\right)$$ I notice that it has something to do with the de moivre's theorem as the angles are root angles of $1^\frac{1}{10}$ To my surprise, the value of the above product seems to be a rational number. The solution is given as $$x=\frac{10}{2^9}$$ I attempted to solve this product in different ways but none seems to give out such an elegant solution. Thank you for any help!


Let $X$ and $Y$ be finite sets. Then the set $Y^X$ is finite and $\#(Y^X) = (\#Y)^{\#X}$.  I can see how to do it combinatorially. Let $y \in Y$. There are $\#(X)$ choices for such y to come from x, therefore we have $\#Y^{\#X}$ choices. I am not sure how to do it bijectively.


I notice that modern C and C++ code seems to use size_t instead of int/unsigned int pretty much everywhere - from parameters for C string functions to the STL.  I am curious as to the reason for this and the benefits it brings.


Let $f\in L^1(\mathbb{R}^n)$ and $g\in L^p(\mathbb{R}^n)$, then $\lVert f*g\rVert_p\le\lVert f\rVert_1\lVert g\rVert_p$.

Simply stated, I wish to show that convolution behaves nicely with respect to norm, i.e. that for $f\in L^1(\mathbb{R}^n)$ and $g\in L^p(\mathbb{R}^n)$, then $\lVert f*g\rVert_p\le\lVert f\rVert_1\lVert g\rVert_p$. I can prove this for $p=1$, but when $p>1$, the power of $p$ seems to get in the way. So, how is this proved?  If this isn't true, then I wish to prove the weaker statement that for a mollifier $\phi\in C_0^\infty(\mathbb{R}^n)$ such that $\lVert\phi\rVert_1=1$ and $\phi\ge0$, we have $\lVert g*\phi\rVert_p\le\lVert g\rVert_p$.


Change sshd logging file location on CentOS?

How do I change the sshd logging file location on CentOS? sshd logs to /var/log/messages instead of /var/log/secure. How can I change the setting so sshd will stop sending logs to /var/log/messages?


How to install net speed indicator on Ubuntu 20.04 LTS?

I got nothing on Ubuntu snap store by searching "Simple net speed".  So, suggest me a speed indicator for 20.04 and how to install it.


Diophantine number has full measure but is meager

This an exercise 3 on Terence Tao's :     A real number $x$ is Diophantine if for every $\varepsilon > 0$ there exists $c_\varepsilon > 0$ such that $|x - \frac{a}{q}| \geq \frac{c_\varepsilon}{|q|^{2+\varepsilon}}$ for every rational number $\frac{a}{q}$. Show that  the set of Diophantine real numbers has full measure but is meager.   I have no idea how to solve this problem. Any help, please.  Thanks very much!


How do I validate xml against a DTD file in Python

I need to validate an XML string (and not a file) against a DTD description file.   How can that be done in python?


Jquery on click event is not working on dynamically added Custom tags  My code is     $("[addtoShip='yes']").on('click', function() {          alert('Ship added')   });   Href for add more to Ship  I am trying using .on  But still it's not working


A word that describes "when people start using large words in ways that only themselves can understand"

And plz don't say wankism. That's similar thing, but not so popular. So what's a better way to express?


ssllabs.com : OpenSSL Padding Oracle vuln. (CVE-2016-2107)

Followed  link to upgrade openSSL.  openssl version is,  OpenSSL 1.0.2h 3 May 2016  After that tried sudo service nginx restart  $ apt-cache policy openssl     openssl: Installed: 1.0.2g-1ubuntu4.10 Candidate: 1.0.2g-1ubuntu4.10 sudo apt-get install --only-upgrade libssl1.0.0 openssl  Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done libssl1.0.0 is already the newest version (1.0.2g-1ubuntu4.10). openssl is already the newest version (1.0.2g-1ubuntu4.10). The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required: bridge-utils containerd linux-aws-headers-4.4.0-1048 linux-headers-4.4.0-1048-aws linux-image-4.4.0-1048-aws runc ubuntu-fan Use 'sudo apt autoremove' to remove them. 0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 1 not upgraded. lsb_release -a  No LSB modules are available. Distributor ID: Ubuntu Description:    Ubuntu 16.04.4 LTS Release:    16.04 Codename:   xenial  nginx -V nginx version: nginx/1.11.1 built by gcc 5.4.0 20160609 (Ubuntu 5.4.0-6ubuntu1~16.04.9)  built with OpenSSL 1.0.2h  3 May 2016 TLS SNI support enabled configure arguments: --prefix=/etc/nginx --sbin-path=/usr/sbin/nginx --conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf --error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log --http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log --pid-path=/var/run/nginx.pid --lock-path=/var/run/nginx.lock --http-client-body-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/client_temp --http-proxy-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/proxy_temp --http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/fastcgi_temp --http-uwsgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/uwsgi_temp --http-scgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/scgi_temp --with-openssl=/usr/local/src/openssl --user=www-data --group=www-data --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_realip_module --with-http_addition_module --with-http_sub_module --with-http_dav_module --with-http_flv_module --with-http_mp4_module --with-http_gunzip_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-http_random_index_module --with-http_secure_link_module --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_auth_request_module --with-threads --with-stream --with-stream_ssl_module --with-http_slice_module --with-mail --with-mail_ssl_module --with-file-aio --with-http_v2_module --with-ipv6   Still getting 'F' in   Screenshots:     Thanks in Advance!


Can I use Clustering with mixed data type in R?

I know there is same question in cross validated. But it is somewhat different.    At there Q&A, as using daisy funtion(), we can use categorical data type in clustering.  But, I'm wondering that as sequence the nominal variable (for example, 1 is small apartment, 2 is middle-size apartment, 3 is building and the higher number, the better), can I use kmeans clustering with this nominal variable?   Of course, in this case, this nominal variable is converted as int type(=continuous type).  Please let me know, why it can't or can. I want to know theory explanation.


Prove by induction that: $$n^n > (n+1)^{n-1}$$  My atempt so far (I don't know if I'm following the right path): Base case is trivial: $1^1 \geq 2^0 = 1$ For $p(n) \Rightarrow p(n+1)$: $$(n+1)^n> n^n > (n+1)^{n-1}$$ $$(n+1)^{n+1} > (n+1)^n$$ I'm stuck with this and can't figure out how to get the right side to be $(n+2)^n$.


How to export a subset of a 'less' output

Every so often I need to take a subset of a log file and save it into a file for later use. I use less a lot to view and search within the logs and for exporting the interesting part, I currently do the following:   in less show the line numbers and note down the line range I need back on the cli, using sed I extract the range I need and save this into a file   Is it possible to do this from within less, i.e. without the sed part?


I am using Ubuntu 18.04. I want to install nvidia driver Geforce 930mx in my OS. I using this command:  sudo add-apt-repository ppa:graphics-drivers/ppa   I get the error like this:  Err:2 http://www.getdeb.net/ubuntu xenial-getdeb InRelease 403  Forbidden [IP: 143.95.32.90 80] Reading package lists... Done                       E: Failed to fetch http://archive.getdeb.net/ubuntu/dists/xenial-getdeb/InRelease  403  Forbidden [IP: 143.95.32.90 80] E: The repository 'http://archive.getdeb.net/ubuntu xenial-getdeb InRelease' is not signed. N: Updating from such a repository can't be done securely, and is therefore disabled by default. N: See apt-secure(8) manpage for repository creation and user configuration details.   Anyone can help me solve this?


Lost UI properties bar and can't get rid of other bars

This properties bar:    disappeared when I accidentally opened the Grease pencil bar. Now the area where the properties bar looks like this:    I cannot collapse it, and I cannot get the properties toolbar back! How would I do it?


Is there a bipartite graph with degrees of vertices $(3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,5,6,6,6,6)$

I have no idea how to check this?  Could someone give a hint?