Please convince me why I should bother correcting p values with multiple comparisons, because I don't see the point

Statistical inference using p-values results in accepting or rejecting a hypothesis given some p-value, say 0.05. So, if p = 0.05, we can conclude an effect is "significantly" different from zero with 95% confidence. However, I then test a second hypothesis with the same data set. Again, p = 0.05, and I can make the same claim. But wait, many statistical textbooks will preach that because its a second look at the data this p-value must be 'corrected' (read: penalized) to account for the fact that if you test enough hypotheses you will get positive results by random chance, even if nothing is truly happening. If you make 100 comparisons, 5 will erroneously detect an effect when none is present at a threshold of p = 0.05. To deal with this researchers perform a bonferroni correction, or apply the false discovery rate correction, or some other multiple-comparison correction method.  This does not make sense to me for two reasons:   The statement that an effect was detected at p=0.05 already communicates this information. Anyone who has been taught statistics should understand there is still some probability that the effect is spurrious, and the p-value communicates that probability.  The proposed correction methods guard against Type I errors (false positives), at the expense of artifically inflating the Type II error rate (false negatives). However, to my knowledge, there is no a priori reason why one error should be considered "worse" than the other. While some might argue that you want to be conservative in hypothesis testing and err on the side of caution, a far more effective strategy would be lowering your p-value threshold rather than ad hoc correcting your p-values.   All in all, a p-value is a pretty straightforward statistic. Its the probability a result may have been detected by chance. Its no more and no less than that. "Correcting" a p-value seems to do more harm than good in the context of interpretation.  Note: this is different than misunderstanding the  problem. I understand that if you run 20 tests, one will spuriously detect an effect (green jelly beans cause acne - though it should have been equally probable that some jelly bean color prevented acne...) What I do not understand is why multiple comparison corrections are an appropriate way to deal with this problem. The problem is always there.


Why is "sure" pronounced with a "sh" consonant (voiceless postalveolar fricative [ʃ])?

A recent  about "sure" put a question in my head: Wait, why is "sure" pronounced the way it is? The initial consonant is a voiceless postalveolar fricative [ʃ] as opposed to a voiceless alveolar fricative [s]. Another common word example is "sugar". I have always considered the phonetic oddity of "sugar" easily explainable. It originally came from Sanskrit by way of Arabic and the "sh" sound as a holdover indicating its provenance makes sense. Sugar originated in the Indian subcontinent and for much of European history it had to be imported into Europe by Middle Eastern merchants. Etymology Online:  sugar (n.) late 13c., sugre, from Old French sucre "sugar" (12c.), from Medieval Latin succarum, from Arabic sukkar, from Persian shakar, from Sanskrit sharkara "ground or candied sugar," originally "grit, gravel" (cognate with Greek kroke "pebble").  That Etymology Online page has one vague line on its pronunciation change that doesn't tell us much besides unsubstantiated speculation:  The pronunciation shift from s- to sh- is probably from the initial long vowel sound syu- (as in sure).  But what about "sure"? It doesn't seem to have come from either Arabic or Indian languages  sure (adj.) early 13c., "safe against attack, secure," later "firm, reliable" (c. 1300); "mentally certain, confident" (mid-14c.); "firm, strong, resolute" (c. 1400), from Old French seur, sur "safe, secure; undoubted, dependable, trustworthy" (12c.), from Latin securus "free from care, untroubled, heedless, safe").  Another word with a similar pronunciation pattern I can think of is "sumac", but in addition to [ʃ] it can also be pronounced with [s]. But we don't pronounce "super" with [ʃ], nor "suicide", nor "sue".


Would it be acceptable to write the following using the hyphens below:  I am trying to get back to my pre-secret-mistress bliss.  Or should it be:  I am trying to get back to my pre-secret mistress bliss.  Is it ok to write:  It's taunting me like some just-out-of-reach nirvana.  Any advice would be appreciated. I have read a style guide on the subject and am now second-guessing myself. Thank you!


Where should a local executable be placed?

I have an executable for the perforce version control client (p4). I can't place it in /opt/local because I don't have root privileges. Is there a standard location where it needs to be placed under $HOME?  Does the File System Hierarchy have a convention that says that local executables/binaries need to be placed in $HOME/bin?  I couldn't find such a convention mentioned on the .  Also, if there indeed is a convention, would I have to explicitly include the path to the $HOME/bin directory or whatever the location of the bin directory is?


What's the best way to communicate between view controllers?

Being new to objective-c, cocoa, and iPhone dev in general, I have a strong desire to get the most out of the language and the frameworks.  One of the resources I'm using is Stanford's CS193P class notes that they have left on the web.  It includes lecture notes, assignments and sample code, and since the course was given by Apple dev's, I definitely consider it to be "from the horse's mouth".  Class Website:   Lecture 08 is related to an assignment to build a UINavigationController based app that has multiple UIViewControllers pushed onto the UINavigationController stack.  That's how the UINavigationController works.  That's logical.  However, there are some stern warnings in the slide about communicating between your UIViewControllers.  I'm going to quote from this serious of slides:   Page 16/51:     How Not To Share Data         Global Variables or singletons         This includes your application delegate      Direct dependencies make your code less reusable         And more difficult to debug & test         Ok.  I'm down with that.  Don't blindly toss all your methods that will be used for communicating between the viewcontroller into your app delegate and reference the viewcontroller instances in the app delegate methods.  Fair 'nuff.  A bit further on, we get this slide telling us what we should do.  Page 18/51:     Best Practices for Data Flow         Figure out exactly what needs to be communicated   Define input parameters for your view controller   For communicating back up the hierarchy, use loose coupling         Define a generic interface for observers (like delegation)         This slide is then followed by what appears to be a place holder slide where the lecturer then apparently demonstrates the best practices using an example with the UIImagePickerController.  I wish the videos were available! :(  Ok, so... I'm afraid my objc-fu is not so strong.  I'm also a bit confused by the final line in the above quote.  I've been doing my fair share of googling about this and I found what appears to be a decent article talking about the various methods of Observing/Notification techniques:   Method #5 even indicates delegates as an method!  Except.... objects can only set one delegate at a time.  So when I have multiple viewcontroller communication, what am I to do?  Ok, that's the set up gang.  I know I can easily do my communication methods in the app delegate by reference's the multiple viewcontroller instances in my appdelegate but I want to do this sort of thing the right way.  Please help me "do the right thing" by answering the following questions:   When I am trying to push a new viewcontroller on the UINavigationController stack, who should be doing this push.  Which class/file in my code is the correct place? When I want to affect some piece of data (value of an iVar) in one of my UIViewControllers when I am in a different UIViewController, what is the "right" way to do this? Give that we can only have one delegate set at a time in an object, what would the implementation look like for when the lecturer says "Define a generic interface for observers (like delegation)".  A pseudocode example would be awfully helpful here if possible.


I use a template of my university for my thesis. I have several figures. In the table of figures, I have a blank line under two of the figures. I cannot see why and badly cannot reproduce it in a minimal example. The blank line appears between those two figures:  \begin{figure}[htb]     \centering       \includegraphics[width=0.5\textwidth,keepaspectratio]{graphics/example1.png}       \caption[examplecaption1]{examplecaption1\footnotemark}       \label{img:example1}   \end{figure}     \footcitetext[Vgl.][674]{example1}   \begin{figure}[htb]     \centering       \includegraphics[width=0.7\textwidth,keepaspectratio]{graphics/example2.png}       \caption[eaxamplecaption2]{examplecaption2\footnotemark}       \label{img:example2}   \end{figure}     \footcitetext[Vgl.][]{example2}   This produces a table of figures like the following. The Banl line appears between figure 8 and 9.  The list is created with \listoffigures. If any further information is needed, I will provide it as soon as possible.


Manually adding articles to Google Scholar account and linking the PDFs

Recently, I manually added a conference paper to my google scholar account. Whenever an article is added manually, google searches for it and automatically links the article location. However, in my case, the articles published by the organizer were deleted (probably unconsciously) in the meantime. My question adds clarity to . Is there a way to point to the article PDF somewhere in Google Scholar? PS: I have uploaded the actual article PDF in ResearchGate recently.


What's the difference between zooming in on a subject vs moving closer?

If I stand 10 feet away from a subject and I want a close up shot, I can either zoom in or I can physically move the camera as close as possible to the subject. Which one is a better practice, or is it the photographer's discretion?


after_switch_theme not working in a class?

Here is my class (by way of example)  after_switch_theme is being stupid and refuses to fire.  class myPlugin(){      __construct(){         add_action('after_switch_theme', array($this, 'rewrite'));     }     public function rewrite(){          if(function_exists('the_other_theme_rewrite'))             return;          global $wp_rewrite;         $wp_rewrite->add_permastruct('typename', 'typename/%year%%postname%/', true, 1);         add_rewrite_rule('typename/([0-9]{4})/(.+)/?$', 'index.php?typename=$matches[2]', 'top');         $wp_rewrite->flush_rules();             }  }   ...more or less thats what it is. I typed it in directly here.  It definitely is not firing though. Why isn't it firing? I just want it to fire! Is that so much to ask? :D  So - why no results?


Uniqueness of a continuous extension of a function into a Hausdorff space

Suppose that $A\subset X$ and suppose that $f : A \to Y$ is a   continuous function with $Y$ Hausdorff. Show that there is at most one continuous function $g : \bar{A} \to Y$.   My try: Suppose there are two extension $g$ and $h$, then for some $a\in \overline{A}-A$, we have $g(a)\neq h(a)$. As $Y$ is Hausdorff, there are two disjoint open set $U_{g(a)}$ and $U_{h(a)}$ such that $g(a) \in U_{g(a)}$ and $h(a) \in U_{h(a)}$. Now I have feeling somehow from here I have to construct open set $U$ of $a$ which does not intersect $A$.  But I am not able to do this.  Can someone please help me.


Flat surface not being shaded consistently across quads

I've been working on a mesh and realised that part of it is not being shaded consistently across the borders of each quad. I've isolated the section into its own blend file and cannot figure out what's causing the issue.  The section in question is a flat plane with some loop cuts. It's set to flat shading and the face normals are all consistent and pointing in the same direction. There is no modifiers applied.    Does anyone know the cause of this and how to correct it?  Blend file can be downloaded here:


I'm trying to write something that stores an API access token in a bash variable, so I'm modelling it on ssh-agent, where you use eval.  ssh-agent  If you run ssh-agent by itself, it outputs something like the following:  SSH_AUTH_SOCK=/tmp/ssh-XXXXXXXXXXXX/agent.NNNNN; export SSH_AUTH_SOCK; SSH_AGENT_PID=NNNNN; export SSH_AGENT_PID; echo Agent pid NNNNN;   And if you run it with eval $(ssh-agent), it outputs:  Agent pid NNNNN   ...and the eval results in the environment variables being set in your current shell.  my script  The end of my script looks like this ($JSON came from some earlier curl command):  cat <<EOF API_ACCESS_TOKEN=$(echo $JSON | jq '.access_token') API_EXPIRES_AT=$(echo $JSON | jq '.expires_at') export API_ACCESS_TOKEN API_EXPIRES_AT echo OK EOF   When I run it with eval $(./auth), it's correctly setting $API_ACCESS_TOKEN and $API_EXPIRES_AT (so the eval works), but it's not printing "OK".  What am I doing wrong?


I have a large number of columns in my table, like 20-30. I want to select all except 3-4 of the columns. Is there a way to to SELECT * EVERYTHING BUT COLUMNS (Address,Name etc...) FROM MyTable If not, then would such a functionality be useful ?


What formula should be used to determine "hot" questions?

Right now  is fairly broken -- it's a simple descending sort by views. As Joel said , it is "a self-fulfilling prophecy." But this is not intentional, it's only because we haven't had time to improve it yet! As I sit down to write a better algorithm, I thought you guys might have some insight into what would make a good formula to determine the "hot" questions -- over the last 24 hours, the last week, the last month, and all time. Here are the variables we have to work with:  Votes [aka Score] Views Answers Answer Votes [aka Score] Whether the question has an accepted answer or not Time question was originally asked Time of last activity on question Reputation of asker Reputation(s) of answerers  Joel cited the reddit formula as an example, but I think our site is a little different than just a basic link submission site. Plus, we have more variables and data to work with. I found a  describing a few formulas: Y Combinator Hacker News  (p - 1) / (t + 2)^1.5 p = votes (points) from users t = time since submission in hours  Reddit  t = (time of entry post) - (Dec 8, 2005) x = upvotes - downvotes y = {1 if x > 0, 0 if x = 0, -1 if x < 0) z = {1 if x < 0, otherwise x} log(z) + (y * t)/45000  Thoughts? Ideas? I don't want to overthink this; I just want the "hot" questions to be relevant and useful to us. So the simpler the algorithm the better! Based on my analysis of the above and the comments so far, here's the second version of what I have implemented so far. This might suck. I don't know:  (log(Qviews)*4) + ((Qanswers * Qscore)/5) + sum(Ascores) -------------------------------------------------------- ((QageInHours+1) - ((QageInHours - Qupdated)/2)) ^ 1.5  Note that accepted answers weight not at all in hotness. This is intentional, as I feel accepted answers are a fine social contract, but not a good data point for question or answer quality. This algorithm will heavily favor questions with LOTS of answers, as the sum(Ascores) are now included -- one assumes if there are lots of answers, there will be a lot more voting on the answers, too. Update: Note that this formula is what is used on the  linked from the homepage of each site. It is not the formula used to determine the  list. See .


What to use, CASCADE DELETE rule or ON DELETE trigger for one to many constraint?

I would like to ask about how to handle this relationship. For better view I've tried to simplify and convert my situation into how I think StackOverflow question voting has (sorry if not :-)    I would like to add a constraint with CASCADE DELETE rule however I don't know if it's possible for this case. Another option is to create an ON DELETE trigger, so...  My question is: What would you prefer, CASCADE DELETE constraint rule (if it's possible here) or ON DELETE trigger ? Or would you create a DB model for this simple case (imagine StackOverflow's voting scheme) different way ?  Why am I asking: I've read somewhere that CASCADE DELETE constraint rules are internally nothing else than triggers and that some people here don't prefer the constraint rules at all. I know, quite vague question, but I would like to have my DB clean from a not existing relationship records.  The important thing: I'm creating the application which should be able to run on the SQL Server as well as on MySQL database engines, but both should support all, the CASCADE DELETE constraint rules as well as ON DELETE triggers, I guess.  Thanks!


I want to create a list of ctypes.c_int32's  I have read and understand .  No matter what I do, I keep creating a list of one instance of the c_int32. This works fine for int or floats or what not. Specifically I can not get ctypes to work.   f=[ctypes.c_int32]*10   but f[0] IS f[1], so...  f[0].value=1   changes f[1] as well. I know why it is doing it. How do I make it stop. That is, how do I make the list all unique instances of c_int32?


Video hosting: Host files on web server, storage server, NAS?

I inherited responsibility for the back-end of a growing distance education program. They have a Proliant DL160 Gen8 web server which serves video from a ReadyNAS Pro 6. We currently share the ReadyNAS with another department and are planning on giving it to them and switching to hosting the videos on our own machine.  My current question is whether I should throw more drives in RAID in the web server, get a separate server for storage or a true NAS. We serve about 100GB/video per hour but need to allow for 3-5x that amount as the program is rapidly growing. Network traffic peaks as high as 200MB/s.  At the moment, we really only need to store 2-3TB of video per semester after which it can be moved to archive. I'm trying to find the optimal combination of price, speed and reliability. Thanks in advance for any suggestions, I want to make sure I set this up right the first time and heavily document everything for my eventual successor.


I have a laptop with a 64-bit processor, but by accident i installed the 32-bit version of Ubuntu 14.04. i can always back my data up, and re-install Ubuntu, but i want to know if using 32-bit will be slower on a 64-bit processor, than a 64-bit OS on a 64-bit processor. thanks guys


ls - why is parent directory smaller than its contents? How to see the size of directory's contents?

So...  ls -l --block-size=MB   tells me that directory is one MB  ls -l --block-size=MB directory   tells me there's a 3MB file inside the directory.  Shouldn't that make the directory at least 3MB?  How can the directory be smaller than its contents?


I need to get Fulton for children, but after the Side Ops # 133 I'm not getting a prescription. So how to get it?


How to Stop World Properties from Affecting Scene

I'm trying to add a sky in my scene by adding a light blue gradient to the world. The problem is that it lights my scene too bright, as you can see in the picture, the underside of the tree is lit and the shadows destroyed. I was trying to follow a tutorial and the creator said he added some extra nodes to stop the scene from being affected by the world properties. Anyone know which nodes these might be?


Java Another HashMap> null pointer exception

OK, I rewrote my class,I rushed so the code is not clean yet anyway now it comipiles, and running mainMethod the problem is still there.     import java.util.*;      public class myClass {              public Random myRandom;             public HashMap<String, ArrayList<String>> myMap;             public ArrayList<String> ar;             public ArrayList<String> nexts;         //     ArrayList<String> follows;             public myClass(){                 myRandom = new Random();                    }               public void setRandom(int seed){                 myRandom = new Random(seed);              }             public HashMap<String, ArrayList<String>> buildHashMap(){               HashMap<String, ArrayList<String>> myMap = new HashMap<String, ArrayList<String>>();               ArrayList<String> ar = new ArrayList<String>();               ar.add("2");               ar.add("2");              String test = "test";              String anothertest = "anothertest";               myMap.put(test, ar);               myMap.put(anothertest, ar);                return myMap;               }             public ArrayList<String> arrayListGetter(String st){                 System.out.println("++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++");                   System.out.println(myMap.size());                 ArrayList ar = myMap.get(st);              return ar;           }              public void mainMethod(){                 HashMap<String, ArrayList<String>> myMap = new HashMap<String, ArrayList<String>>();                 myMap = buildHashMap();                 System.out.println("\n\nNumber of keys found: " + myMap.size());                  for (String st : myMap.keySet()){                 System.out.println(st + ": ");                 ArrayList<String> al = myMap.get(st);                      System.out.println(al.size());                       }                  StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();                 String test = "test";                 System.out.println(myMap.get(test));                  System.out.println(sb);                   System.out.println(myMap.get(test).size());                 System.out.println(myMap.get(test).size());         //         ArrayList<String> follows = getFollows(key);                 System.out.println("something");                int  index = myRandom.nextInt(myMap.get(test).size());                 System.out.println(index);         //         index = myRandom.nextInt(follows.size());                 String next = myMap.get("test").get(index);                 sb.append(next);                 System.out.println(sb);                   System.out.println(myMap.get("test").getClass());                 ArrayList<String> follows = new ArrayList<String>();<------new empty ArrayList                 System.out.println(follows.size() + " **********");                 ArrayList<String> nexts = new ArrayList<String>();                 nexts = arrayListGetter ("test");                 }             }   Am I missing something obvious? Thanks in advance for your time and patience.


Generating random numbers in Objective-C

I'm a Java head mainly, and I want a way to generate a pseudo-random number between 0 and 74. In Java I would use the method:  Random.nextInt(74)   I'm not interested in a discussion about seeds or true randomness, just how you accomplish the same task in Objective-C. I've scoured Google, and there just seems to be lots of different and conflicting bits of information.


Feed can show entries for deleted posts, which viewing them fails

Just noticed this:  Someone @replied to me in a question which appropriately showed up in my feed.  I go to click on that notice in the feed, and it presents me with "Loading the question failed."  I'd show a picture, but I don't think that it's entirely relevant - I believe it's reproducible if an answer is posted, someone makes a reply, the answer is removed, then that someone else goes back in the feed to try and revisit the post.  Alternatively, why not synchronize the interface between what a 10K user sees on the site, and what they see in the app?  As a 10K user, I would expect to see deleted questions and answers.


Can Google Scholar be a valid measure of citaiton?

Google Scholar provides number of citations for the paper, but it sometimes includes non-academic paper, not peer-reviewed papers. Is number of citation measured by Google Scholar accepted a reliable measure of citation by academic community?


Execute function only when element is not focused

There's a script running on my website but I want it to be executed only when certain element is NOT focused. Here's my general idea how it'd look  window.setInterval(function(){    if (document.getElementById('someElement') != focused) {    doSomething;    } }, 1000);    The "someElement" is set to be editable so it can be clicked (focused).  My question is how would "!= focused" look in javascript.


I work with many documents which I hope will have the same style throughout.. When making a decision about the design, I want that to be applied to all of the documents uniformly. I've created 1 file that has the start and ending code. Then, all of my other files just have the text, and some minimal code (defining things like chapters and sections). E.g.:  \documentclass{article}  \title{The First Document} %\title{The Second Document} %\title{The Third Document}  \begin{document}      \input{document01}     %\input{document02}     %\input{document03}  \end{document}   To compile a different document, I just move the %'s to another line and run pdflatex on this file.   Is there a better system for managing these? Can I put some details, such as the \title information in the beginning of each document (document01.tex, etc.) Is there any way to compile all of the documents at once as separate PDFs?


Can't fix sudoers permission on osx mojave

A friend had borrowed my macbook air running osx mojave and somehow managed to change the ownership of the /etc/sudoers file to userid 501 (rather than 0 which it should be). Because of this, I can't become a superuser to get anything done on my machine (upgrades etc.)  Various fora on the net suggested that I boot into single user mode, mount the partitions and manually edit /etc/private/sudoers. However, I can't seem to do this. After getting into "recovery mode", I do a mount -uw / to get the filesystems mounted but can't find a sudoers file in either /etc/ or /private/etc. I did a global search using find / | grep -i sudo but couldn't find anything either.   How do I fix this? If I can mount the right partition while in this shell, I should be able to to fix it but can't seem to do that.


Ubuntu 12.10 installer doesn't recognise Windows 8 partition on Toshiba C850 Laptop

I purchased a Toshiba C850 Laptop and I'm trying to install the 64 Bit version of Ubuntu 12.10 alongside Windows 8, allowing me to dual boot.  I burnt a Ubuntu 12.10 DVD, disabled Secure Boot on the Laptop and then loaded the DVD. When I selected Install Ubuntu I see that the installer hasn't recognised Windows 8 on the drive and only gives me options to erase the entire disk or to do "something else".    I've seen that it recognises other partitions but it doesn't correctly find Windows 8.    In this situation, how can I safely install Ubuntu 12.10 alongside Windows 8


How can a red light photon be different from a blue light photon?

How can photons have different energies if they have the same rest mass (zero) and same speed (speed of light)?


GNU screen: print a detached session to stdout

I just want to have a quick overview of my detached GNU screen sessions. Is it possible to dump the current content to stdout ? Something like  screen --print SESSION_NAME > file.txt


Does the size of a photon change depending on the energy level/wavelength of the light?

Basically the title. And if so, is there a proportional relationship?


I want to ask a question.   I feel so confused about my own coding because i think it is correct.  This is the issue.  public static void main(String[] args) { String x = "Robert : Hi There"; String y = "Robert"; System.out.println(x.substring(0, x.indexOf(":")).trim());  if(x.substring(0, x.indexOf(":")).trim() != y){        System.out.println("Pass");    } else    {        System.out.println("Not Pass");    } }   This gave me output:  Robert  Pass   I want the output is "Not Pass" but why did my coding gave another result.  I hope you can tell what is wrong.  Thank You.


How to keep Windows 7 restarting the PC until no `restart requirement` is required?

I cannot get new updates via Windows Update because the OS requires to restart - to finish previous/current installing stuff I guess.  The restart requirement is as below snapshot.  How can I make my Windows keep restarting loop automatically until no restart requirement is required?


Subgroup of $GL(n,\mathbb{C})$ that is not a Matrix Lie group

Given the definition of a Matrix Lie Group as a subgroup of $GL(n,\mathbb{C})$ such that for every sequence $A_n$ its limit $A$ is either in the subgroup or it is not invertible, what are the known examples for which the limit $A$ is invertible but is not contained in the subgroup, hence subgroups of $GL(n,\mathbb{C})$ that are not matrix Lie groups?


When does it start to snow on the Alcan?

Me and a friend are going to be driving from Anchorage, Alaska to Seattle, Washington in mid-September. Will we be encountering snow at that time of year, or should we be safe?


Why isn't my background color showing up on ?

I am confused why the background color is not showing up on this code. There is padding on the "1" class but there is no color even though the color is specified. Look in the container class for the problem.  Please help.    body {   margin: 0px;   background-color: #fff; }   /* font-family: 'Lato', sans-serif; font-family: 'Fjalla One', sans-serif; font-family: 'Gloria Hallelujah', cursive; */  .welcome {   font-family: 'Gloria Hallelujah', sans-serif;   font-size: 45;   text-align: center;   color: #000; }  .sub1 {   font-family: 'Lato', sans-serif;   font-size: 30;   color: #000;   text-indent: 20; }  .sub2 {   font-family: 'Lato', sans-serif;   font-size: 25;   color: #000;   text-indent: 20; }  .container {   position: relative;   width: 100%;   height: 600px; }   /*.container img {     position: absolute;     width: 1800px;     background-size: cover;*/   } @-webkit-keyframes xfade {   0% {     opacity: 1;   }      33% {     opacity: 1;   }      44% {     opacity: 0;   }      89% {     opacity: 0;   }      100% {     opacity: 1;   } } @keyframes xfade {   0% {     opacity: 1;   }      33% {     opacity: 1;   }      44% {     opacity: 0;   }      89% {     opacity: 0;   }      100% {     opacity: 1;   } } .container p:nth-child(3) {   -webkit-animation: xfade 45s 0s infinite;   animation: xfade 45s 0s infinite; } .container p:nth-child(2) {   -webkit-animation: xfade 45s 15s infinite;   animation: xfade 45s 15s infinite; } .container p:nth-child(1) {   -webkit-animation: xfade 25s 30s infinite;   animation: xfade 25s 30s infinite; } .container {   position: relative; } .container img {   position: absolute; } .1 {   width: 100%;   height: 100%;   padding: 100px;   /*background-image: url(Pictures/cupcakes.jpg)*/      background-color: #00FFFF;   overflow: auto;   background-size: cover; }      <title>JAM Bakery</title>   <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="home.css">      <link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Fjalla+One|Gloria+Hallelujah|Lato" rel="stylesheet">

Welcome to JAM Bakery!

Creamy, Sweet, Toasted

Your Choice.

1

        Please check for any other problems you might see. Thank you.


The share button for Twitter on Area 51 looks dated, and none of the buttons are retina display optimized. An itch to scratch would be to switch the "t" to a bird and/or retinize those images.


How do I configure update settings that I would do from the GUI in the terminal?

I need to configure update settings from the terminal that I would regularly do with the GUI. This includes settings which things are downloadable, which updates to install, how often it checks for updates, automatically installing updates, and notifying me about new versions. I know it’s probably something that I should have figured out on my own, but I can’t find anything.


Prove $A \lor (A \land B) \Leftrightarrow A$ without using truth table.  The proof may involve expanding $B$ into $B \land B$ or possibly $B \lor B$. I am stuck after playing with distributive law several times. Thanks for any help.


Why is my footage smearing out towards the border on rendering an image?

Dumb question - tracking footage, having border smear problems... So, just tracking some of my own footage for the first time and as I'm approaching my first test renders, I've encountered some weirdness with the boarders of the image - smearing in previews, transparency in render. Obviously, this is not my intended result!  The footage is from an iPhone 4, resolution 1280x738 w/display resolution of 1280x720.  I've a horrible feeling I've set my proxies up wrongly - and that I should immediately know what the problem is here... but I cannot remember the solution! Can anybody jog my memory?   Maaaan, I'm feeling stupid...  --Rev


It seems I have lost 125 reputation on Stack Overflow since yesterday. Of course this has happened before when a user/question gets removed. However this has always been reflected in the reputation tab of my profile. This time I see no evidence what happened for me to lose my reputation. Is there another reason a user may lose reputation? What can I do to figure out what happened?


How to validate phone number in javascript

How can I format my script and input to show only 10 numbers and have the characters of ( ) and + at the start of the number? Thanks.


maybe this is a stupid question, but is it possible to run two sessions of a desktop envoirement at the same time (preferrably Cinnamon) and be able to switch between them like you can switch between terminal sessions with Ctrl + Alt + (F1,F2,F3) ?  I have a screen and a beamer and I want to either run the presentation on the beamer (notes on the mainscreen) OR the screen magnifier on the beamer (and the demonstrated program on the main screen). I can already do that with one session of cinnamon, but it requires a few clicks and that is somewhat unprofessional and I figured that I rather ask a dumb question than breaking my cinnamon by doing something dumb.  Thanks in advance!  EDIT: It's much easier than that. Just add the workspaces applet to your taskbar and you can switch between workspaces. I don't know why I hadn't thought about that earlier... I will not delete it in case someone else doesn't think of the workspaces.


How to lock screen 30 minutes after unlock

I would like my children to only use the computer for 30 minutes, at which time I would like the screen to be locked.  At that point, if I choose to unlock the screen again, I would like the screen to lock again in another 30 minutes.    How can I write a script to do this?


Bohr-Sommerfeld quantization condition from the WKB approximation

How can one prove the Bohr-Sommerfeld quantization condition $$ \oint p~dq ~=~2\pi n \hbar $$ from the WKB ansatz solution $$\Psi(x)~=~e^{iS(x)/ \hbar}$$ for the Schroedinger equation? With $S$ the action of the particle defined by Hamilton-Jacobi equation $$ \frac{\partial S}{\partial t}+ \frac{(\nabla S)^{2} }{2m}+V(x)~=~0 .$$


Excel dll for Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel

We want to use Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel in our web application. Everything works fine on our local machines, but on our test machine we're running into problems. It has neither Visual Studio nor Office installed on it. We're using .NET framework 2.0 and the server is running on Windows Server 2003 with IIS6.    Is there a dll that needs to be installed on the machine or added to the bin of the web application?


Let $X_1$ and $X_2$ are independent $N(0, \sigma^2)$ random variables. What is the distribution of $X_1^2 + X_2^2$?

Let $X_1$ and $X_2$ are independent $N(0, \sigma^2)$ which means (mean = 0, variance = $\sigma^2$) random variables. What is the distribution of $X_1^2 + X_2^2$?  My approach is that  $X_1\sim N(0, \sigma^2)$ and $X_2\sim N(0, \sigma^2)$  Then $X_1^2$ and $X_2^2$ have chi-squared distribution with 1 degree of freedom. (I am not sure the degree of freedom and not sure how to show it as well(please help on this))  Then I found the moment-generating function for $X_1^2$ and $X_2^2$;$$m_{X_1^2} = (1-2t)^{-1/2}$$ and $$m_{X_2^2} = (1-2t)^{-1/2}$$  So the moment generating function for $X_1^2 + X_2^2$ is $$m_{X_1^2}(t) m_{X_2^2}(t) = (1-2t)^{-2/2}$$  So $X_1^2 + X_2^2$ has a chi-squared distribution with 2 degrees of freedom. Is this correct?


Word to describe "a person who is only wishful to help others and cares little about themself"?

Specifically, I am looking to describe a person whose only purpose is to help others, not caring about what happens to  himself or herself (physically or otherwise), though without actively seeking pain.


have only the year of the citation colored

I want only the year of the citation in blue, NOT everything like it its now. LaTeX \documentclass[a4paper,10pt]{article}  \usepackage{natbib} \usepackage{apalike}  \usepackage{hyperref} \hypersetup{     hidelinks=false,                  colorlinks=true,     citecolor=blue }  \begin{document}          This is an example of ... \citep{author1}.          \bibliographystyle{apalike}     \bibliography{Bibliography} \end{document}   Bibliography.bib @book{author1,   title={Book Title},   author={Author},   year={2014},   publisher={Publisher} }


Are there any consquences to killing the innocent?

There are many innocent civilizians in Deus Ex: Human Revolution. Assuming I don't do so in sight of a police officer, are there any consquences to killing civilizians, or am I free to soak Detroit red with the blood of its people?


Well I'm not a photographer and I'm kind of noob at editing photos. xD  I need something basic and free. Like I'll crop, resize, maybe use paint brush. Also I need blur tool so that I can blur native 'text/photo' from a screenshot. :) A couple of basic filer (for a few photos that needed to be posted in Social Media) Though it is not mandatory.  Using Ubuntu 12.04


Opinion on accepting a grad school offer after having already accepted another offer

I applied to graduate schools this year, and at the tail end of February, my first pick school sent me an email that to me, sounded like they had filled all the available TA positions. So naturally I chose my second pick school (that did offer me a TAship).  Today (April 16th), I receive an email from my first choice school saying they would like to offer me a TAship (apparently somebody declined their offer).  The graduate adviser at my second choice school had told me before that sometime she made offers to candidates in the summer, so I am thinking if I were to contact her and ask to be released from my agreement, she might be OK with that. (I realize there are formal rules that apply)  Would it be such a bad thing to ask my second choice school to release me (if they say no it will be somewhat awkward for me and if I just walk out on them, I am not sure what they can do).  TIA, GB


Why is the first run always much slower?

I wrote a macro that reports the time required to run a given operation. It runs it a number of times and prints out the time for each run in nanoseconds. The first run always takes significantly more time than subsequent ones. Why is that so?  Here are the results of 10 x 10 runs, timing Thread.yield():  > (dotimes [x 10] (prn (times 10 (Thread/yield))))  [55395 1659 622 561 591 702 795 719 742 624] [3255 772 884 677 787 634 605 664 629 657] [3431 789 965 671 774 767 627 627 521 717] [2653 780 619 632 616 614 606 602 629 667] [2373 759 700 676 557 639 659 654 659 676] [2884 929 627 604 689 614 614 666 588 596] [2796 749 672 769 667 852 629 589 627 802] [1308 514 395 321 352 345 411 339 436 315] [1390 363 328 337 330 321 324 347 333 342] [1461 416 410 320 414 381 380 388 388 396]   The first run of the first batch is extremely slow, I guess that's due to the JIT seeing the code for the first time - fair enough. But the first runs in all subsequent batches are also significantly slower than following runs. Why?  The code for the times macro:  (defmacro time   [expr]   `(let [t1# (System/nanoTime)]      ~expr       (- (System/nanoTime) t1#)))  (defmacro times   [reps expr]   `(loop [reps# ~reps times# []]      (if (zero? reps#)         times#        (recur (dec reps#) (conj times# (time ~expr))))))    yields the following, so System.nanoTime() seems to be called directly before and after Thread.yield(), as intended:  > (decompile (dotimes [x 10] (prn (times 10 (Thread/yield)))))  ...  public Object invoke() {     long reps__1952__auto__2355 = 10L;     Object times__1953__auto__2356 = PersistentVector.EMPTY;     while (reps__1952__auto__2355 != 0L) {         final long dec = Numbers.dec(reps__1952__auto__2355);         final IFn fn = (IFn)const__3.getRawRoot();         final Object o = times__1953__auto__2356;         times__1953__auto__2356 = null;         final long t1__1946__auto__2354 = System.nanoTime();         Thread.yield();         times__1953__auto__2356 = fn.invoke(o, Numbers.num(Numbers.minus(System.nanoTime(), t1__1946__auto__2354)));         reps__1952__auto__2355 = dec;     }     final Object o2 = times__1953__auto__2356;     times__1953__auto__2356 = null;     return o2; }


Catch unexpected input on single character read in bash

I have a bash script, which, at one point asks the user for confirmation. I do this by reading a single character, which is then transformed to lower case and checked if it is 'y'. If not, the script exits.  Now, if I simply press enter on the input read, I get error: unary operator expected. How can I prevent this issue or catch the error?  Code snippet:  echo -ne "Confirm [y/n]: " read -n1 uc  if [ ${uc,,} != "y" ] then     exit 0 fi


Multiple line code example in Javadoc comment

I have a small code example I want to include in the Javadoc comment for a method.    /**  * -- ex: looping through List of Map objects --  * <code>  * for (int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++) {  *      Map map = (Map)list.get(i);  *      System.out.println(map.get("wordID"));  *      System.out.println(map.get("word"));  * }  * </code>  *   * @param query - select statement  * @return List of Map objects  */   The problem is the code example shows up in the Javadoc with no line breaks making it hard to read.    -- ex: looping through List of Map objects -- for (int i = 0; i list.size(); i++) { Map map = (Map)list.get(i); System.out.println(map.get("wordID")); System.out.println(map.get("word")); }  Parameters query - - select statement  Returns: List of Map objects    I guess I am wrong in assuming the code tag would handle line breaks.  What is the best way to format code examples in Javadoc comments ?


Is having done research a must when applying to a graduate program in CS?

I live in Mexico and I go to a private University where doing a thesis isn't a requirement for graduating (many universities in Mexico follow this). I only take classes and do small projects for exams. But I want to do a graduate program in Canada or USA or Europe. I don't have any experience in the field. What are my chances in getting into a graduate program without any relevant work? What should I do if it is very important?   I'm studying actuarial Science so I don't have any sort of Github account or online work. And I'm not aiming at a very top university.


Proving every infinite set $S$ contains a denumerable subset

I have some trouble understanding this proof of every infinite set $S$ contains a denumerable subset contained in Charles Pugh's Real Analysis text.      Proof:       Since $S$ is infinite, it is nonempty and contains $s_1$. Then   $S \backslash \{s_1\}$ is nonempty and there exists a $s_2 \in S  \backslash \{s_1\}$      Since $S$ is infinite, $S \backslash \{s_1, s_2\}$ is nonempty and   there exists a $s_3 \in S \backslash \{s_1,s_2\}$      Continuing this way gives a list $(s_n)$ of distinct elements of $S$.   The set of these elements forms a denumerable subset of $S$   Three questions:   Continuing this way...wouldn't we end up with an infinite list $(s_n) = \{s_1, s_2, s_3, \ldots\}$ which is back to our set $S$? Why don't we just stop at $\{s_1\}$? $\{s_1\}$ is in $S$, it is a singleton, it is countable, the end.  We already know that infinite sets are denumerable, meaning we can consturct a bijection $f(k) = s_k,  \forall k \in \mathbb{N}$. Why is it even needed to show that $S$ contains a denumerable subset when itself is a denumerable subset of itself?


Why did Joseph Joestar not become a vampire?

At the end of season 2 of Stardust Crusaders, the blood from Dio's corpse was transfused back to Joseph Joestar. However, as seen before in the series, the contact of Dio's blood with a corpse makes the corpse a Vampire. It was also explicitly stated that Dio's body was still not "dead". Then why did this not happen to Joseph?


Expected number of rolls until obtaining a $6$ given that none of the rolls yielded an odd number

So I have stumbled upon this question recently and though I solved it I'm not sure if it's correct or not.     A fair $6$-sided die is rolled repeatedly until a $6$ is obtained. Find the   expected number of rolls conditioned on the event that none of the   rolls yielded an odd number.   My attempt:   Let $X$ be the random varibale denoting the no of rolls required until a $6$ is obtained. Without any given condition $X \sim Geom(\frac16)$ But $$\mathbb{P}(\text{obtaining a }6 |  \text{roll does not yield an odd number})= \frac13$$ so, $$X | \text{none of the  rolls yielded an odd number} \sim Geom\bigl(\frac13\bigr)$$ and hence $$\mathbb{E}(X | \text{none of the  rolls yielded an odd number})= 3$$  Is this the correct answer? Is there any other approach? Any help would be very much appreciated!


I want to execute a process on multiple servers. I am using the following wrapper script.  The script moves to servers one at a time.  I would like to change it so it can execute on multiple servers. Is there way to do it?  #!/bin/bash for ip in $(<ALL_SERVERS_IP); do     # Tell the remote server to start bash, but since its     # standard input is not a TTY it will start bash in     # noninteractive mode.     ssh -q "$ip" bash <<-'EOF'         printf "%s\n" ================== "$(hostname) ::: Current date : $(date)" \                             ==================         ./remote      EOF done


I would like to see my mod candidate score, preferrably on my user page

Request I know that , but I would like it to be a standard feature on the user page. Rationale The candidate score is more to me than just, well, the candidate score. It represents how active and involved a user is. It represents how good a user one is. Would it be possible to show the candidate score as a metric on the user page? The element already exists, as it is shown for mod candidates, so could that same element be shown on one's user page? Like a comment reads, this could be a privilege to be earned with a decent amount of rep (since every k of rep is 1 point of the score, up to half of the total score, it would be a depressingly low score any way).


Blue screen when trying to boot from cloned Windows partition

I'm trying to clone a clean Windows installation from SSD partition to HD partition.  The problem is every time I try to boot from cloned partition, no matter which disk-cloning software I used, I end up with blue screen:     Recovery      Your PC needs to be repaired      Error code: 0xc0000225   I guess it's the issue of boot config and drive letters conflict.  I resolved it once, but don't remember which program exactly I used. Or perhaps I cloned whole drive, this time I would like to clone partition only - which may not be so easy.


I steamed zucchini, green beans, parsley, and celery. Then blended them for a smoothie base. The fluid was still hot when I put it into a heated glass juice jar and twisted on the top. I opened it the next day and it fizz popped up some fluid, but I just thought, that's probably from putting hot fluid into a jar and then refrigerating made that happen. Later, I was thinking about this being in an airtight container. I drank a sip...maybe a teaspoon or TBSP. What's the likelihood that the juice had developed a problem in that period of time?


I have done this:  sudo chown -R myname /usr/   and now I can't use the sudo command because of this error:     sudo: must be setuid root   And as I read this means that the owner of this file /usr/bin/sudo is not the root. It's my user now because of the chown on the /usr folder.  On many forums and blogs people suggest to do this as root:  # chown root:root /usr/bin/sudo # chmod 4111 /usr/bin/sudo   ...but the problem with this is that I need to log in as a root, but I can't because If I write su in the terminal the password is wrong (actually I use the password what I added to my user):   $ su Password: su: Authentication failure   So can I get back the sudo command?  Edit: My Ubuntu is under Paralells on my Mac OS X.


Constructing element which does not belong to a set

If $A$ is an arbitrary set, is it possible to construct an element $a\not\in A$ without the use of the Axiom of Regularity?  It is clear that such $a$ exists (else $A$ would be the set of all sets), but this is not an explicit construction.  Under assumption of the Axiom of Regularity, one could choose $a=A$.   To give more context, I'm starting with a family $\{X_i\mid i\in I\}$ of non-empty sets, and would like to find a sequence $\langle y_i \rangle_{i\in I}$ such that $y_i\not\in X_i$ for each $i\in I$, without using the Axiom of Choice and the Axiom of Regularity.


How can I transition between two shapes?

What would be the best way to animate a smooth transition between a mostly normal hand and a large blade? (The blade is part of the arm.) Something like clayface or prototype?


How to compute $\lim _{x\to 0}\frac{x\bigl(\sqrt{3e^x+e^{3x^2}}-2\bigr)}{4-(\cos x+1)^2}$?

I have a problem with this limit, I don't know what method to use. I have no idea how to compute it. Is it possible to compute this limit with the McLaurin expansion? Can you explain the method and the steps used? Thanks. (I prefer to avoid to use L'Hospital's rule.)  $$\lim _{x\to 0}\frac{x\bigl(\sqrt{3e^x+e^{3x^2}}-2\bigr)}{4-(\cos x+1)^2}$$


Rotational/spin degrees of freedom for a monoatomic gas in free space

How many degrees of freedom does a monoatomic gas have?   According to my Thermal Physics textbook, there are $3N$ degrees of freedom for $N$ particles because the particle is free to move in the $x$, $y$, and $z$ directions.   Why doesn't the rotation/spin of the particle count as a degree of freedom? If we treat the atom as a classical particle, can't it also rotate in the same way that the Earth rotates/spins once per day along its axis?    I also understand that there are electronic degrees of freedom but those may only come into play at higher temperatures.  For context, I am learning about the equipartition theorem. Maybe this is the reason: the spin degree of freedom does exist, but it simply doesn't come into play here because the equipartition theorem only accounts for quadratic degrees of freedom.


Find integral solutions of $a^{b^2}=b^a$

For a number theory problem, I have to figure out all couples $(m,n)$ of positive integers which verify the equation      $$m^{n^2}=n^m$$   I just don't know what to do. Thanks !


In BibDesk I introduced a book reference and I added in the publisher the character & and this is the message after compiling document  ! Misplaced alignment tab character &.  I removed the & from BibDesk and saved but the message of error remains. I tried to remove the citation at all, but still the error remains, I don't know what to do


Prove that $\mathbb{R}$ is homeomorphic to $(0,1)$ and that $(0,1)$ is homeomorphic to $(0, ∞)$. also is $\mathbb{R}$ isometric to $(0,1)$? to $(0,∞)$ ?


Custom names and lores in Minecraft 1.7.2?

I have heard it was possible to change the names and lores of Minecraft items WITHOUT the use of third-party programs like MCEdit. Given the things that my friends have told me, and from the information gathered online, my guess is that, since Minecraft has started using JavaScript, /give @p 35 1 14 {name:"Red Wool",lore:"bob"}. Whenever I run this command block, all I get is a piece of Red Wool with no Lore, nor a name. I also get no errors in this process.


I've been tasked with explaining to a group of people what the notion of equality means in mathematics, I've come up with a working explanation, but would appreciate some input, suggestions etc.  Mathematical equality $X=Y$ is a binary relation between two mathematical expressions $X$ and $Y$ which is essentially the statement that the two expressions represent the same mathematical object ($X$ and $Y$ define the same mathematical object) if the equality holds for any value of $X$ and any value of $Y$ (in other words, they share all and only the same properties). If the equality doesn't hold for all values of $X$ and $Y$ then the relation $X=Y$ is a conditional statement that holds for a certain set of values of $X$ and $Y$.  I was then hoping to move on to the notion of equivalence relations and how equality is the archetypal example. How does one define equality as an equivalence relation? Also, is the reason why the equivalence classes of equality (as an equivalence relation) contain only a single element (in each class) simply because the only element which satisfies all the conditions of equality with another element (i.e. shares all and only the same mathematical properties) is the element itself (i.e. each element is equal to itself and only itself).  Hope this is clear enough, apologies if it isn't (I feel like I've confused myself a bit through trying to explain the concept).  $\underline{\textbf{Edit}}$:  Would it be correct to define the notion of equality in terms of equality of sets, i.e. given two sets $A$ and $B$, then $A=B$ if and only if, for every $x\in A$ we have that $x\in B$, and for every $x\in B$ we have that $x\in A$? If this is the case then I can see how equality of (natural) numbers follows, as if we define them as $$0=\emptyset,\;1=\lbrace\emptyset\rbrace,\;2=\lbrace\emptyset,\lbrace\emptyset\rbrace\rbrace,\ldots,n=\lbrace 0,\ldots,n-1\rbrace$$ then it is obvious that $1=0$ is not true because $\emptyset =\lbrace\emptyset\rbrace$ is not true (as $\emptyset\in\lbrace\emptyset\rbrace$, but $\emptyset\notin\emptyset$).


Calculate the product of distances for a line perpendicular to hyperbola

Let us have a hyperbola $\frac{x^2}{a^2} - \frac{y^2}{b^2} = 1$ and assume the normal at P meets the transverse (horizontal) axis $AA'$ in $G$ and the conjugate (vertical) axis $BB'$ in $g$. Assume CF be perpendicular to the normal from the center.   Find $\frac{PF \cdot PG}{CB^2}$ Find $PF \cdot Pg$   How can I solve the question in least amount of steps?  My attempt:  I first formed the equation of the normal and then I found out the points where it cuts the conjugate and transverse axis. After finding these points I used distance formula to find the distance required and convert it in the form that the question asked. But its a long method and took lot of steps


What is exactly gravitational potential energy and explain P.E. $= -GMm/r$?

I was studying gravity and I came to know about $P.E.= -\frac{GMm}{r}$ which is derived by $GMm(\frac{1}{\infty} - \frac{1}{r})$  which the work done by the body to displace it from infinity to $r$. But, I thought potential energy is the energy which could be converted to kinetic energy or any other visible form but What I see is ,it  is the work done by gravitational force while displacing some body from infinity to $r$. So, I request true meaning of gravitational potential energy and explaining the formula of $-\frac{GMm}{r}$.


How to remove mymodule configurations on uninstall

I have created a custom module and created a yml file to create a menu  system.menu.custom_menu.yml  id: custom_menu label: 'Custom menu' description: 'Custom menu.' langcode: en locked: true dependencies:   - mymod   When I installed my module it creates the the custom menu.  But then When I uninstall the module and try to install it again I get the following exception  exception 'Drupal\Core\Config\PreExistingConfigException' with message 'Configuration objects (system.menu.custom_menu) provided by mymod already exist in active configuration' in /var/www/drupal8/core/lib/Drupal/Core/Config/PreExistingConfigException.php:70   What I am doing wrong? Is there any way to remove my configuration (system.menu.custom_menu) from the configurations when I uninstall my module?


Additional table of contents within document

I have to write an Exposé which needs to contain a second table of contents within a section in the document. The requirements are basically the same as already discussed in , with the difference, that i not only need \section and \subsection but also \subsubsection. Edit: It seems that my question was not detailed enough, because it was closed as it was already answered elsewhere. The linked question was about the same TOC multiple times. I do need a separate TOC with individual headings not connected to the current document. The TOC needs to be the TOC of a future document, so it must not refer to any regular headings of the current one. \documentclass[]{scrartcl}  \begin{document} \tableofcontents  \section{Introduction}     Lorem ipsum...  \section{Some text}     blah blah  \section{Structure} %TOC of future document without page numbers, not referring to other current headings.  \section{Discussion} Some Text  \end{document}  Should look like this: Table of Contents 1  Introduction..................................1 2  Some text.....................................2 3  Structure.....................................4 4  Discussion....................................6   1 Introduction Lorem ipsum...  2 Some text blah blah  3 Structure %TOC of future document without page numbers   1  First Chapter   2  Second Chapter       2.1  A Subsection       2.2  Another Subsection           2.2.1 A Subsubsection           2.2.1 Another Subsubsection   3  Last Chapter 4 Discussion Some Text  I was basically able to implement the proposed  and have also tried to add a \subsubsection by myself but was not able to. The other proposed solutions using enumitem has a different styling then my normal TOC. Would prefer to have the additional TOC in the same styling as my main TOC for the document.  Do you have any tips how to add a third layer to the KOMA-Script solution? Thanks a lot for your support!


Comparing two collections for equality irrespective of the order of items in them

I would like to compare two collections (in C#), but I'm not sure of the best way to implement this efficiently.  I've read the other thread about , but it's not exactly what I'm looking for.  In my case, two collections would be equal if they both contain the same items (no matter the order).  Example:  collection1 = {1, 2, 3, 4}; collection2 = {2, 4, 1, 3};  collection1 == collection2; // true   What I usually do is to loop through each item of one collection and see if it exists in the other collection, then loop through each item of the other collection and see if it exists in the first collection. (I start by comparing the lengths).  if (collection1.Count != collection2.Count)     return false; // the collections are not equal  foreach (Item item in collection1) {     if (!collection2.Contains(item))         return false; // the collections are not equal }  foreach (Item item in collection2) {     if (!collection1.Contains(item))         return false; // the collections are not equal }  return true; // the collections are equal   However, this is not entirely correct, and it's probably not the most efficient way to do compare two collections for equality.  An example I can think of that would be wrong is:  collection1 = {1, 2, 3, 3, 4} collection2 = {1, 2, 2, 3, 4}   Which would be equal with my implementation. Should I just count the number of times each item is found and make sure the counts are equal in both collections?    The examples are in some sort of C# (let's call it pseudo-C#), but give your answer in whatever language you wish, it does not matter.  Note: I used integers in the examples for simplicity, but I want to be able to use reference-type objects too (they do not behave correctly as keys because only the reference of the object is compared, not the content).


I need to install SQL Server MSDE 2000 SP4 on Windows 10.  I have other machines that run Windows 7 and 8.1 and SQL Server MSDE 2000 works fine (with merge replication configured too).  Now I testing the same scenario with Windows 10, but setup is closing unexpectedly during installation.  I know that this version is very old, but is there a workaround to install it on Windows 10?


I am an Iraqi holder passport, and I have EU residency in Poland. Also I have UAE residency. If I visit the UK as tourist for one month, do I need to apply for a visa?


What if my statement date is 5th of every month and my monthly due date is 20 days after statement date. What is my billing cycle and what date should I pay my purchased items


How can I append an object from an external blender file using a relative path with Python?

How do I append a custom object from an external blender file using relative paths so I can pack the file with the addon? I can append the file easily with absolute path like this but I could fined how to do it with a relative path.   external blender file path ---> D:\blend_folder blender file name ---> external_blender_file.blend object name ---> object_2   This is using an absolute path:  # import bpy # bpy.ops.wm.append(filename="OBJECT_NAME", directory="/PATH/TO/BLENDFILE/NAME.blend\\Object\\")  import bpy bpy.ops.wm.append(filename="object_2", directory="D:/blend_folder/external_blender_file.blend\\Object\\")   How to make it work with a relative path?


Clear multiple entries form "Open With" context menu

How do I clear multiple entries of the same application from the "Open With" context menu?


I was reading an article that said when we display a map in WGS84 many people call it no projection. But most definitely when you see the map it has been distorted on a 2D surface.  Which got me to thinking is there such a thing as a "map" with no projection. If I'm looking at a 3D digital globe it is representing how it would look as if I were out in space. So then it wouldn't be projected. But if I'm looking at the globe on a screen then it is being rendered on a 2D screen so it is projected.  Is there such a thing as no projection?


How to remove comma between taxonomy terms?

I style my taxonomy terms as boxes, so I don't need comma between them.  Could somebody give me any advice?


Need to understand the benefit of using automatic properties apart from less line of codes?  Intially we used as below :  private int sample;  public int Sample { get {return sample};   set {this.sample=value}; }   Now we just get n set it directly.Why we used to define a private variable?


can't change permissions on /usr/lib folder

Im trying to install an iLok crack at /System/iOSSupport/usr   After installing the plugin, and trying to Replace a libstdc file  at / usr / lib / (with a file from an archive for the current version) but i can't modify this folder, instead this alert pop up: "you cannot complete this operation because you don't have the necessary permission".  I have this files for the crack: 10.10.5_libstdc .6.0.9.dylib.zip 10.9.5_libstdc  .6.0.9.dylib.zip 10.8.5_libstdc  .6.0.9.dylib.zip  Im running Catalina 10.15.3 do I need to run another version for this? do I have to treat rights with DiskUtility?


I have a program that would output something like this:  ^[0;33m"2015-02-09 11:42:36 +0700 114.125.x.x access"^[0m   Is there built in linux program that could clean that output up into something like this  "2015-02-09 11:42:36 +0700 114.125.x.x access"


Are you able to attack a dark elixir storage without own elixir storage?

are you able to attack an enemy's dark elixir storage without your own dark elixir storage to hold the stolen resource?  Furthermore if you are able to attack it what consequences occur.


Piping Terminal command to Gedit for further editing

I have a complex command in my terminal window which I would like to edit further e. g.  echo "This is a complex command I want to edit in an editor"   How can I pipe this line of code - not the output but the actual code - to e.g. Gedit for further editing? Something along the lines of this solution, just for a GUI based editor:   Please note that I'm specifically looking for a way to edit in an external editor.


I'd like to have a conditional macro that emboldens symbols, using different commands depending on whether the argument is a math symbol or text.     Specifically, I'd like to use \bm for math symbols and \mathbf for alphanumeric characters.   Thus it would look something like  \def\vec#1{\ifthenelse{\ismathsymbol{#1}}{\bm{#1}}{\mathbf{#1}}   Problem is I don't know of a test such as \ismathsymbol.  Obviously, it would be just fine if there were a test for alphanumeric characters.  Thanks for any advice!


What is the difference between terminal and bash?

When I open Terminal Window in Mac OS X, I can type bash and hit enter and I will see:  Last login: Fri Feb 20 14:30:56 on ttys000 Korays-MacBook-Pro:~ koraytugay$ bash bash-3.2$    I can for example run commands such as ls or ls -l both in Terminal and in "bash-3.2$"  What is bash running under Terminal and what is Terminal itself?


saving all filenames in a folder in windows

Is their a way to output all file names in a folder in windows to a text file? For example, a.pdf b.pdf c.pdf  in some folder A,  output in text file as, a.pdf b.pdf c.pdf  I know this is a insignificant task in linux but how to do this in windows?


SQL - group by - merge a column's values into one row?

(Working in SSMS2016) I have a table as below:  | ORDER_NUMBER | ITEM_CAT| ORDER_QTY | UNALLOCATED| |--------------|---------|-----------|------------| |  1           | FLAT    | 2         | 1          | |  1           | HANG    | 1         | 1          | |  1           | SHOE    | 2         | 1          | |  2           | FLAT    | 1         | 1          | |  2           | FLAT    | 1         | 1          | |  3           | SHOE    | 1         | 1          | |  3           | SHOE    | 1         | 1          | |  3           | SHOE    | 1         | 1          | |  4           | FLAT    | 1         | 1          | |  4           | SHOE    | 1         | 1          | |  4           | FLAT    | 1         | 1          | |  4           | SHOE    | 1         | 1          |   If I do   SELECT ORDER_NUMBER, ITEM_CAT, SUM(ORDER_QTY) AS 'ORDER_QTY', SUM(UNALLOCATED) AS 'UNALLOCATED'  FROM TABLEA  GROUP BY ORDER_NUMBER, ITEM_CAT   I get the below:  | ORDER_NUMBER | ITEM_CAT| ORDER_QTY | UNALLOCATED| |--------------|---------|-----------|------------| |  1           | FLAT    | 2         | 1          | |  1           | HANG    | 1         | 1          | |  1           | SHOE    | 2         | 1          | |  2           | FLAT    | 2         | 2          | |  3           | SHOE    | 3         | 3          | |  4           | FLAT    | 2         | 2          | |  4           | SHOE    | 2         | 2          |   Ideally, I'm looking to get just a single row for each ORDER_NUMBER, and list the unique ITEM_CAT values in the same row, so something like:  | ORDER_NUMBER | ITEM_CAT             | ORDER_QTY | UNALLOCATED| |--------------|----------------------|-----------|------------| |  1           | FLAT / HANG / SHOE   | 5         | 3          | |  2           | FLAT                 | 2         | 2          | |  3           | SHOE                 | 3         | 3          | |  4           | FLAT / SHOE          | 4         | 4          |   Can this be easily achieved?  Thanks.


Why is apt update complaining about a repository that isn't in sources.list not having a Release file?

When I run sudo apt update, I get this:  E: The repository 'http://archive.getdeb.net/ubuntu bionic-getdeb Release' does not have a Release file. N: Updating from such a repository can't be done securely, and is therefore disabled by default. N: See apt-secure(8) manpage for repository creation and user configuration details. E: The repository 'http://ppa.launchpad.net/ubuntu-wine/ppa/ubuntu bionic Release' does not have a Release file. N: Updating from such a repository can't be done securely, and is therefore disabled by default. N: See apt-secure(8) manpage for repository creation and user configuration details.   I do not have these repositories. Here's my /etc/apt/sources.list file:  # deb cdrom:[Ubuntu 17.04 _Zesty Zapus_ - Release amd64 (20170412)]/ zesty main restricted # See http://help.ubuntu.com/community/UpgradeNotes for how to upgrade to # newer versions of the distribution. deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted # deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ zesty main restricted ## Major bug fix updates produced after the final release of the ## distribution. deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted # deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ zesty-updates main restricted  ## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu ## team. Also, please note that software in universe WILL NOT receive any ## review or updates from the Ubuntu security team. deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic universe # deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ zesty universe deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates universe # deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ zesty-updates universe  ## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu  ## team, and may not be under a free licence. Please satisfy yourself as to  ## your rights to use the software. Also, please note that software in  ## multiverse WILL NOT receive any review or updates from the Ubuntu ## security team. deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic multiverse # deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ zesty multiverse deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates multiverse # deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ zesty-updates multiverse  ## N.B. software from this repository may not have been tested as ## extensively as that contained in the main release, although it includes ## newer versions of some applications which may provide useful features. ## Also, please note that software in backports WILL NOT receive any review ## or updates from the Ubuntu security team. deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse # deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ zesty-backports main restricted universe multiverse  ## Uncomment the following two lines to add software from Canonical's ## 'partner' repository. ## This software is not part of Ubuntu, but is offered by Canonical and the ## respective vendors as a service to Ubuntu users. # deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu zesty partner # deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu zesty partner  deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security main restricted # deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu zesty-security main restricted deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security universe # deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu zesty-security universe deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic-security multiverse # deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu zesty-security multiverse   I tried sudo apt-add-repository --remove http://archive.getdeb.net/ubuntu, but it returned no output, and when I tried sudo apt update again, I got the same error.  I'm hoping to get this error to go away, but I don't know how. Is that possible? What can I do?


When white light passes through a prism, refraction occurs and it splits into its seven constituent colours. If the spectrum is obtained on a screen violet light appears much more bent than red light. How and why does this occurs?


I've got a problem with UTF-8 charset and french characters (é, è,...).  My PHP scripts are all encoded in UTF-8 without BOM. At least I think it's the case.  The MySQL Tables are set to use utf8_general_ci.  The PHP scripts display characters correctly, but PHPMyAdmin display characters incorrectly (eg. : "Ã©" instead of "é").  Do you have an idea about the cause of the problem ?  Thanks in advance for your help.


in c# code why below copy didn't work as reference copy?

Below c# code I run in Visual Studio 2019 Mac, I am a little surprise for the result:  using System;  namespace Test {     public struct Point     {         public int x;         private int y;         public Point(int x, int y)         {             this.x = x;             this.y = y;         }     }     class Program     {         static void Main(string[] args)         {             Point p1 = new Point(100, 100);             Point p2;             p2 = p1;             p1.x = 200;             Console.WriteLine("p1.x is {0},p2.x is {1} ", p1.x, p2.x);             // I think here should Output: p1.x is 200, p2.x is 200             // But the actual output is: p1.x is 200, p2.x is 100, why? is it a reference copy?             // p1 and p2 should share the same reference, right?         }      } }   Actually when I read C# instruction, it explained that such code should output: p1.x is 200,p2.x is 200 because p2 and p1 share the same pointer to point to ONE address in heap, right? while when I try to test above code in VS2019 Mac. it's output is: p1.x is 200,p2.x is 100 which confused me so much? Is it a shallow copy or deep copy? Can somebody please explain why p2.x is still 100, when p1.x already changed to 200? Thanks a lot.


Let $(X,d)$ be a metric space. If $a_n$ is a sequence in $X$ and $a\in X$ such that $\frac{d(a_n,a)}{1+d(a_n,a)} \to 0$, then $a_n\to a$.   I am trying to prove this statement as review for an exam. I am not sure how to do it. I know that given $\epsilon >0$, since $\frac{d(a_n,a)}{1+d(a_n,a)} \to 0$, I can choose $N\in \mathbb{N}$ such that if $n\geq \mathbb{N}$, then $|\frac{d(a_n,a)}{1+d(a_n,a)} - 0| < \epsilon.$ I know that I need to show that there exists $N\in \mathbb N$ such that if $n\geq \mathbb N$, then $d(a_n,a) < \epsilon.$ Any suggestions?


So I've been using 'sed' on linux for a while, but have had a bit of difficulty trying to use it on OSX since 'POSIX sed' and 'GNU sed' have so many little differences.  Currently I'm struggling with how to insert a line of text after a certain line number. (in this case, line 4)  On linux I would do something like this:  sed --in-place "4 a\  mode '0755'" file.txt   So on OSX I tried this:  sed -i "" "4 a\ mode '0755'" file.txt   However this keeps giving me a 'extra characters after \ at the end of a command' error.  Any ideas what's wrong here?  Do I have a typo?  Or am I not understanding another difference between versions of sed?


I'm struggling with the notion of an inertial frame of reference. I suspect my difficulty lies with the difference between Newtonian and relativistic inertial frames, but I can't see it.   I've read that Newton's laws apply in any non accelerating frame of reference, which are called inertial frames. So, if I play pool on a train moving with uniform velocity, the balls behave in the same way as if I were playing pool in a pool hall. So the train is (to a good approximation, ignoring forces caused by the Earth's rotation and movement around the Sun etc) an inertial frame.   I've also read that in an inertial frame, Newton's first law is satisfied. So, if I slide a rock on a sheet of ice and I could somehow eliminate the frictional forces between the rock and the ice, the rock would carry on sliding for ever, as predicted by Newton's first law.   Question 1 - is the  sheet of ice also therefore a good approximation to an inertial frame?  Question 2 - are these two definitions of inertial frames saying the same thing in different ways?  Both these examples occur in gravitation fields, which doesn't seem to matter as both the train and the ice sheet are presumably good approximations to inertial frames.  Question 3 - is gravity irrelevant when defining these two inertial frames?  In special relativity, I've read (Foster and Nightingale) that an inertial frame is also one where Newton's first law holds. But as it's special relativity there cannot be an inertial frame if there's a gravitational field, so I'm assuming the above two examples are not inertial frames in special relativity.  Question 4 - how come you can use the same definition of an inertial frame (satisfied Newton's first law) but in the case of special relativity, the train and the ice sheet aren't inertial frames. Is this to do with not being able to synchronize clocks in a gravitational field?  In general relativity, I've read (Schutz) that a freely falling frame is (on Earth) the only possible (and local) inertial frame. So again the first two examples would not be inertial frames in general relativity.  Question 5 - am I right to think that my two examples aren't even approximate approximations to an inertial frame in relativity?  Question 6 - have I missed anything else that might be useful?  Many thanks  Edit. On reflection, am I right in thinking that because Newtonian mechanics assumes universal, absolute time we don't need to worry about synchronizing clocks in a Newtonian inertial frame. Therefore we don't need to worry about gravity in a Newtonian inertial frame, because in such a frame gravity does not affect time.  This is not the case in spacetime, as here gravity does affect time and the only way to have synchronized clocks in an inertial frame in spacetime is: 1. have no gravitational field, or 2. use a local, freely falling frame.  Am I on the right track here?


Why are Windows line breaks larger than Unix line breaks?

So I created two files, each with 127,955 lines and 24 random characters per line. As far as text the two files were completely identical. However one file had Unix line breaks and the other had Windows line breaks. The file with Unix line breaks was 3,124 KB, while the file with Windows line breaks was 3,249 KB. There were no other differences between the files so I have to assume that for some reason Windows line breaks take up more space. Any idea why?


How to install programs? Keep getting archive manger error

When trying to download and install programs keep getting archive manger error. Need to be able to install CCLEANER


An elegant way to solve $\frac {\sqrt3 - 1}{\sin x} + \frac {\sqrt3 + 1}{\cos x} = 4\sqrt2 $

The question  is to find $x\in\left(0,\frac{\pi}{2}\right)$:  $$\frac {\sqrt3 - 1}{\sin x}  + \frac {\sqrt3  + 1}{\cos x} = 4\sqrt2 $$  What I did was to take the $\cos x$  fraction    to the right and try to simplify ;  But it looked very messy and trying to write $\sin x$  in terms of $\cos x$ didn't help.   Is there a more simple (elegant) way to do this.


Having recently switched to Google Chrome, I was wondering what files and directories I should be including in my backups to make sure that bookmarks and history are included.  Along the same lines, is there a process to restore these settings on a new install?  This is on Windows Vista.


The country that will end up destroying itself is the U.S..   The country that will end up destroying itself is the U.S.  Does it take an extra dot at the end or not?


While changing a directory ownership, accidentally I did  sudo chown subhadip /  instead of  sudo chown MyApp   After realizing my mistake, tried to fixed few permissions i.e.,  sudo  etc. by  sudo chown -R root /  stopped operation as its wrong.  Now I am getting “The system is running in low-graphics mode” error, which I believe because of wrong permissions only.  I am able to login in console mode.  Please guide me.


Why is the equation for friction so simple?

The general equation for the force of friction (static or kinetic) is $F_f = \mu * F_N$, where $F_f$ is the force of friction and $\mu$ is the coefficient of friction (its value is dependent upon the surfaces interacting on each other).  Why is it that this equation is so simple and does not contain any other variables that account for the force of friction on an object? Does anyone know how this equation was developed?


Any site on the SE network for war stories/discussion?

I'm interested in reading/knowing about various war related stories. It would also be great to have some healthy discussion around the same.  Any site on the network for the same?


Book where where all electricity is destroyed in an instant and magic starts to change people

I have read this book a few years ago, maybe 10 years, but I can not remember the title or the author, but it was based in present time and in an instant the world changed (a nuclear type bomb took out technology) and no technology, but not only that people were changing into magical creatures because magic is now in the world, but not all of it good.   One of the characters a young girl, starts to change into fairy along with other teens. another group of characters are miners and some of them start to change into "mole men". Anyone who starts to change is being changed by an entity that either came into being with the end of technolgy or it was always there but had a hand in the destruction of the world by having a group of scientist create some type of wormhole. The entity I believe eats the fairy kids as it speaks to them to come to him.  It has been awhile but that is the gist and I would love it if anyone knows this series. I find myself wanting to read it again.


Story about a girl who befriended a dragon

I'm looking for a book that I read as a young teen before 1992.   It was a series.  I don't think it was the Pern series.    The dragons were hatched and the people lived by the sea. The main character was a girl. I want to say she lived in a cave and found a nest of dragons and befriended one.   The cover is in blues and has a dragon flying on front.  I for the life of me can't remember the title or author. It was a small paperback.


Prove that $\lim_{n\to\infty} \frac{a_n}{a_{n+1}} = p$

Given a sequence $\{a_n\}_{n\in \mathbb N}$ of real numbers such that $$\begin{align} \lim_{n\to\infty}\frac{a_na_{n+1} - a_{n-1}a_{n+2}}{a_{n+1}^2 - a_na_{n+2}} &= p + q && (1)\\[1mm] \lim_{n\to\infty} \frac{a_n^2 - a_{n-1}a_{n+1}}{a_{n+1}^2 - a_na_{n+2}} &= pq && (2)\end{align}$$ where $|p| < |q|$, prove that $$\lim_{n\to\infty} \frac{a_n}{a_{n+1}} = p$$   Attempts: Idea #1: Let us denote $b_n = \dfrac{a_n}{a_{n+1}}$. If we divide both numerators and denominators of $(1)$ and $(2)$ by $a_na_{n+2}$ and $a_{n+1}a_n$, respectively, we have $$ \begin{align} \lim_{n\to\infty}\frac{\dfrac{a_{n+1}}{a_{n+2}} - \dfrac{a_{n-1}}{a_{n}}}{\dfrac{a_{n+1}}{a_n}\dfrac{a_{n+1}}{a_{n+2}} - 1} &= p+q && (1') \\[1mm] \lim_{n\to\infty} \frac{\dfrac{a_n}{a_{a+1}} - \dfrac{a_{n-1}}{a_n}}{\dfrac{a_{n+1}}{a_n} - \dfrac{a_{n+2}}{a_{n+1}}} &= pq && (2') \end{align}$$ which now can be written as $$\begin{align} \lim_{n\to\infty}\frac{b_{n+1}b_n - b_nb_{n-1}}{b_{n+1} - b_n} &= p+q  && (1'') \\[1mm] \lim_{n\to\infty} \frac{b_n - b_{n-1}}{\dfrac{1}{b_{n+1}} - \dfrac{1}{b_{n}}} &= -pq && (2'') \end{align}$$ Now, every numerator and denominator contains the difference of consecutive terms of some sequence (reminds me of Cesaro-Stolz, but that cannot be applied here).  Idea #2: The given conditions can be written as $$\begin{align} \lim_{n\to\infty}\frac{\begin{vmatrix}a_n & a_{n-1} \\ a_{n+2} & a_{n+1}\end{vmatrix}}{\begin{vmatrix}a_{n+1} & a_{n} \\ a_{n+2} & a_{n+1}\end{vmatrix}} &= p + q && (1')\\[2mm] \lim_{n\to\infty} \frac{\begin{vmatrix}a_n & a_{n-1} \\ a_{n+1} & a_{n}\end{vmatrix}}{\begin{vmatrix}a_{n+1} & a_{n} \\ a_{n+2} & a_{n+1}\end{vmatrix}} &= pq && (2')\end{align}$$ Now, maybe a bit of Linear Algebra could be incorporated somehow. If we set  $$\begin{align} x_n = \frac{\begin{vmatrix}a_n & a_{n-1} \\ a_{n+2} & a_{n+1}\end{vmatrix}}{\begin{vmatrix}a_{n+1} & a_{n} \\ a_{n+2} & a_{n+1}\end{vmatrix}}, \quad  y_n =  \frac{\begin{vmatrix}a_n & a_{n-1} \\ a_{n+1} & a_{n}\end{vmatrix}}{\begin{vmatrix}a_{n+1} & a_{n} \\ a_{n+2} & a_{n+1}\end{vmatrix}} \end{align}$$ Then, we have $$\pmatrix{a_{n+1} & a_{n+2}\\a_n & a_{n+1}} \pmatrix{x_n\\y_n} = \pmatrix{a_n\\a_{n-1}}$$ This gives $$\frac{a_{n+1}x_n + a_{n+2}y_n}{a_nx_n + a_{n+1}y_n} = \frac{a_n}{a_{n-1}}$$ Dividing the numerator and the denominator by $a_{n+1}$, we get $$\frac{x_n + \dfrac{a_{n+2}}{a_{n+1}}y_n}{\dfrac{a_n}{a_{n+1}}x_n + y_n} = \frac{a_n}{a_{n-1}}$$ Noting that $x_n \to p+q$, $y_n \to pq$ and assuming that $\dfrac{a_n}{a_{n-1}} \to A$, and sending $n$ to infinity, we get $$\frac{p+q + Apq}{\dfrac{1}{A}(p+q) + pq} = A$$ which simplifies to $$0=0$$ I think I did something wrong somewhere. Any help is appreciated.


I have a question regarding AES-GCM. Is is possible de parallelize the decryption. From what I understood, that is one of the main features of CTR, right? However, from the structure of GCM, I cannot see if that is possible. I guess one need to go and compute all the intermediate authentication parameters. I have searched for some documentation on that topic, but could not spot anything. Thanks!


How do I interpret the second item in the ingredients list in this recipe?  1 cup Grape Tomatoes, Halved Do I measure out 1 cup of grape tomatoes and then cut each one in half? Or should I start cutting them in half and put all the half pieces into my measuring cup until it's full? I can certainly fit more grape tomatoes into my measuring cup if they are all chopped in half than if they are whole. I realize of course that most of the time the difference is probably too small to matter. But what if it did matter?


I want to know how to make my Tweets private

How can I make my Tweets private so that they can only be viewed by the person I am sending them to?


When using vagrant Stderr: VBoxManage: error: VT-x is not available (VERR_VMX_NO_VMX)

I am trying to install open edx with  ubunty 16.04 and I get this error  There was an error while executing `VBoxManage`, a CLI used by Vagrant for controlling VirtualBox. The command and stderr is shown below.  Command: ["startvm", "c60f0594-d584-4e0b-b863-2801168e641e", "--type", "headless"]  Stderr: VBoxManage: error: VT-x is not available (VERR_VMX_NO_VMX) VBoxManage: error: Details: code NS_ERROR_FAILURE (0x80004005), component ConsoleWrap, interface IConsole   this occurs when using vagrant up


NSDictionary getting sorted alphabetically

I am passing NSDictionary to my function as a parameter. I want it's key and values to be in order as I inserted. for eg. expected output is:   mutable dict:{             zKey1 = Value1;             fKey2 = Value2;             aKey3 = Value3;         }    I have tried following ways to create and set value for keys.      NSMutableDictionary *mutableDict = [[NSMutableDictionary alloc]init];         [mutableDict setObject:@"Value1" forKey:@"zKey1"];         [mutableDict setObject:@"Value2" forKey:@"fKey2"];         [mutableDict setObject:@"Value3" forKey:@"aKey3"];      NSMutableDictionary *dic2=[[NSMutableDictionary alloc]initWithObjectsAndKeys:@"1004",@"userId",@"cucumber",@"domain",@"168d5c02f ",@"token",@"1004",@"userId1",@"cucumber",@"domain1",@"168d5c02f ",@"token1", nil];       NSDictionary * dict = [NSDictionary                                dictionaryWithObjects:@[@"Ravi",@"33",@"India",@"India"]                                forKeys:@[@"name",@"age",@"location",@"country"]];         NSArray *sortedKeys = [[dict allKeys] sortedArrayUsingSelector: @selector(compare:)];          NSMutableArray *sortedValues = [NSMutableArray array];         for (NSString *key in sortedKeys) {             [sortedValues addObject: [dict objectForKey: key]];         }      NSString *obj1=@"1004";         NSString *obj2=@"cucumber";         NSString *obj3=@"168d5c02f";          NSString *key1=@" userId";         NSString *key2=@"domain";         NSString *key3=@"token";         NSLog(@"dict %@",dict);          NSDictionary *dict8 =[NSDictionary                               dictionaryWithObjects:@[obj1,obj2,obj3]                               forKeys:@[key1,key2,key3]];   But nothing has worked I am always getting output as       mutable dict:{         aKey3 = Value3;         fKey2 = Value2;         zKey1 = Value1;     }        dict8 {         domain = cucumber;         token = 168d5c02f;         userId = 1004;     }       dict {         age = 33;         country = India;         location = India;         name = Ravi;     }      dic= {         domain = cucumber;         domain1 = cucumber;         token = "168d5c02f ";         token1 = "168d5c02f ";         userId = 1004;         userId1 = 1004;     }   It is always sorting values according to alphabetical order of keys. Many people say that NSDictionary is an unsorted container. But it does gets sorted. Need help desperately. Thank you in advance.


Darth tells Luke in Episode 6 (ROTJ)...     "You don't know the power of the dark side, I MUST obey my master"   But why? Why must Darth Vader obey his master?


Higher RMSE but lower MAE and RMLSE. Which model is better?

I am evaluating two machine learning models. The output is count data which has a range of 0 to 30, which most of the output values being small values. Large output values are rare.    One model has lower MAE and RMSLE and the other model has lower RMSE. I am not sure which model is performing better. It is worth noting that Model 2 is the result of model after taking log transformation of the output variable.


Which Bibtex styles preserve Capitals Letters in the Bibliography, without needing double curly braces?

I want to preserve Capitals Letters in my Bibliography, without needing to go through the .bib file to add double curly braces everywhere


Phone number regular expression for just dashes and periods?

I'm currently working with a couple regexes trying to go through very large chunks of sql to find phone numbers.  The ones I've found are a little too specific, which is causing some problems catching things it shouldn't recognize as phone numbers, mainly coordinates and large numbers.  I'm needing something that strictly looks for 10 and 7 digit phone numbers that are separated by either dashes or periods, nothing else.  Any suggestions out there?


Javascript subtract giving unexpected value

I have a simple interval which subtracts 0.1 each time around. But the number sequence goes weird after 3 iterations... this is what i have:   function transition_opacity(div_id,opacity){     opacity = 1; //temporary test     var IntervId = setInterval(process_transition,30);      function process_transition(){         console.log(opacity); //check the value         opacity = opacity -  0.1         div_id.style.opacity = opacity;     if(opacity < 0.0){             rmv_div(div_id);             clear();         }     }      function clear(){          clearInterval(IntervId);     } }   The console log shows this for the value of opacity:  1 0.9  0.8  0.7000000000000001 0.6000000000000001 0.5000000000000001 0.40000000000000013  0.30000000000000016 0.20000000000000015 0.10000000000000014 1.3877787807814457e-16    Why is it doing this crazy number sequence =/ doesn't seem to make sense to me... it works fine up to 0.8


Customize page numbering in plain TeX (not LaTeX)

I would like to change the page numbering from the default 1, 2, ... to the corresponding symbols in my native language. I have the fonts and typesetting ready and just want to replace the page numberings. How would I go about it ?


I am inquisitive to know about how a person contracts AIDS. Among the common masses it's still the belief that having sex with multiple partners causes the disease but that is not the case when read online that it can come only from persons carrying the virus.  So, if a person (male or female) is carrying the virus (HIV positive) does it mean that he/she is suffering from the disease or the person may be carrying the HIV disease and still be free from AIDS. If so how did this chain reaction of spreading the virus start?  Also is it true that immune systems of some rare people in this world can fight with this disease.


When a 'blur' event occurs, how can I find out which element focus went *to*?

Suppose I attach an blur function to an HTML input box like this:  <input id="myInput" onblur="function() { ... }"></input>   Is there a way to get the ID of the element which caused the blur event to fire (the element which was clicked) inside the function? How?  For example, suppose I have a span like this:  Hello World   If I click the span right after the input element has focus, the input element will lose its focus. How does the function know that it was mySpan that was clicked?  PS: If the onclick event of the span would occur before the onblur event of the input element my problem would be solved, because I could set some status value indicating a specific element had been clicked.  PPS: The background of this problem is that I want to trigger an AJAX autocompleter control externally (from a clickable element) to show its suggestions, without the suggestions disappearing immediately because of the blur event on the input element. So I want to check in the blur function if one specific element has been clicked, and if so, ignore the blur event.


Why isn't std::list.size() constant-time?

This code ran for 0.012 seconds:   std::list<int> list;  list.resize(100);  int size;  for(int i = 0 ; i < 10000; i++)      size = list.size();   This one for 9.378 seconds:   std::list<int> list;  list.resize(100000);  int size;  for(int i = 0 ; i < 10000; i++)      size = list.size();   In my opinion it would be possible to implement std::list in such way, that size would be stored in a private variable but according to this it is computed again each time I call size. Can anyone explain why?


Multiple citations with pages using BibLaTeX

How can I do multiple citations with page numbers using bibLaTeX/biber?  I have tried \cite[2,3,4]{ref1,ref2,ref3,ref4} but it doesn't work.


about the usage of "the" before a possession construction

There are examples I took from Murphy's English Grammar in Use, Unit 81B   the Carters' house Mr and Mrs Carter's house   I couldn't understand why the latter goes like that and not like "the Mr and Mrs Carter's house"  According to my logic "the" belongs to "house" and not to "Carters"


Why is it, geometrically, that the row space is ALSO orthonormal? What exactly does the transpose LOOK like? Normally the row and column space are two separate things, but in the case of an orthonormal matrix, you have that the row space is actually the inverse of the column space, so also, what does an inverse space look like? I feel there should be a very good geometric interpretation, but I don't see it.


I remember reading some robot stories years ago, and am trying to track down the stories to read again. Initially I though they must be Asimov stories, but I can find no Asimov story that has what I remember.  The story (or stories) is about a boy that has a robot. I part of the story the robot has only black and white vision, but someone(I forget) replaces its with a new tube, so that the robot see now see in color. The boy is disappointed as he wanted to get the tube for the robot, as soon as he had enough money saved.  In another part of the story, the robot is on his own and Is being tracked down, he is going to "Charge" (Attack) but is turned off by a switch, before he attacks. The comment is that the company says they have never seen such devotion in a robot for its owner. Story may have "Marsport" or "Marspoint" in the story.


Diagonal $\Delta = \{x \times x : x \in X \}$ closed in $X \times X$ implies that $X$ is Hausdorff

I think I have solved a problem in Topology by Munkres, but there is a small detail that is bugging me. The problem is stated in this question's title. I will write down the proof and will highlight what is troubling me.  We prove by contradiction: Assume $X$ is not Hausdorff. Then there exist points $x,y$ where $x$ is different from $y$ such that no neighbourhoods $U$, $V$ about $x$ and $y$ respectively have trivial intersection. Now consider the point $(x,y)$ that is in the complement of $\Delta$. Now let $U \times V$ be any basis element that contains $(x,y)$ (such an element exists by definition of the product topology being generated by the basis $\mathcal{B}$ consisting of elements of the form $W \times Z$, where $W$ is open in $X$ and $Z$ is open in $Y$). Consider $(U \times V ) \cap \Delta$, which I claim to be $(U \cap X) \times (V \cap X)$.  By our choice of $x$ and $y$ there is $z \in U \cap V$, implying that the intersection $(U \times V ) \cap \Delta$ is not trivial.  Since $U \times V$ was any basis element containing $(x,y)$, this means that $(x,y) \in \overline{\Delta}$, which means that there exists a limit point of $\Delta$ that is not in it, contradicting $\Delta$ being closed.  The problem comes is in the way I have decomposed $\Delta$; the way I have put it seems I am saying that $\Delta$ is equal to $X \times X$, which is not the case. How  can I get round this?  Thanks.  Edit: Martin Sleziak has pointed out some mistakes, $(U \times V ) \cap \Delta$ should be $\{ (x,x) : x \in U \cap V\}$ and not as claimed.


For a single company listed in multiple exchanges in different countries, are the shares being offered the same?

For a given company ABC, which is listed in PSE, DEU and ASX. Are the shares being offered in DEU the same shares being offered in ASX and PSE? What's the difference if a person buys it in DEU versus if he buys it in ASX?   Apologies in advance, as I do not have an official/full background on stock trading markets.


I have 2 files: args and text.  For example:  args: [contains arguments of a script]  life happy horse   text:  The horse has a happy life. Life is fun. Kids are happy.   I need a command that prints the lines from text that contain all the patterns from args. In this case: The horse has a happy life.


Will there be a noticable difference in sharpness and color between Nikon and Canon

Hi I have a Nikon D750 with a 70-200mm f2.8 VRii lens and a 35mm f1.8G ED lens. I mostly shoot family portraits. I was thinking about switching to the Canon 5D Mark IV with a 24-70mm f/2.8L II USM Lens and a 70-200mm f/2.8L IS II USM Lens. Will there be a noticeable difference in image sharpness and color?


why do we need to use interfaces and then again respective impl classes instead of direct impl classes in application development

I have seen in many applications as, user defined interfaces will be defined and then their respective implementation classes are available.  Then again we will call those implementation classes methods from interface level.  We we are following this approach? is there any significant idea behind this?  why can't we go with direct classes implantation without interfaces?   Thank you so much in advance, if some one elaborate this clearly.