Why do I have to use \par if I change font size withing a group scope?

I was working on a Beamer presentation, and noticed that, if I open a group scope and use a \tiny, the font size will bet set, but there will be a large space between lines. However, if I issue a \par at the end of the paragraph, it works as intended:  \documentclass[t]{beamer} \newcommand{\shortlipsum} {Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Ut purus elit, vestibulum ut, placerat ac, adipiscing vitae, felis. Curabitur dictum gravida mauris. Nam arcu libero, nonummy eget, consectetuer id, vulputate a, magna. Donec vehicula augue euneque. Pellentesque habitant morbi tristique senectus et netus et malesuada fames ac turpis egestas. Mauris ut leo. Cras viverra}  \begin{document} \begin{frame} \shortlipsum  {\tiny \shortlipsum\par   % <--- removing this \par will break line spacing } \end{frame} \end{document}   Here's a comparison between not using and using \par:    Am I doing it the right way? Why is \par the right way?


Can curves with different genuses be isomorohic?

I am working with two curves $C$ and $D$ defined over the same finite field, with $C \cong D$. I know that the genus of $C$ is $g_C=2$. Can I say that the genus of $D$ is $g_D=2$?


Are drops in Google ranking common after switching to https?

About a week ago I made the switch to https on one of my sites. I'm positive I did everything right. Properly setup 301 redirects from http to https versions. Added and verified https version in Webmaster Tools. Updated all internal links. Submitted new sitemap.  Despite that, many of my pages (about 40%) lost their rankings almost immediately. Those that dropped went from page 1 to nowhere. I can still see them indexed if I search for the URL, but otherwise it's like Google doesn't know they exist.  SSL Labs shows an "A" when I run their test and I have no manual actions showing in Webmaster Tools.  This is really frustrating. I don't actually need SSL, but Google finally scared me into it. Now I'm regretting the switch and contemplating going back to non-secured URLs.  Anything else I could have missed?


Say you have a stick which breaks randomly into three pieces (we can choose the points randomly). What is the probability that the area is greater than or equal to $0.4$?   I can see it has something to do with Heron's formula but I just can't put t together.


Does zero correlation mean no causation?

If  I demonstrated that there is no correlation between two random variables, does that mean that there is no cause and effect relation between them ?


Image of subgroup and Kernel of homomorphism form subgroups

Is my proof ok?  Let $f:G\to G^{\prime}$ be a group homomorphism and let $H\lt G$. $Im(H) = \{f(x):x\in H\}$. To show that $Im(H)$ is a group, it suffices to show that $f(x)f(y)^{-1}\in Im(H)$. $$f(x)f(y)^{-1}=f(xy^{-1})\in Im(H)\text{ because } xy^{-1}\in H$$  $Ker(f)=\{x:f(x)=e^{\prime}\}$ ($e^{\prime}$ is the identity in $G^{\prime}$). $$f(xy^{-1})=f(x)f(y)^{-1}=e^{\prime}(e^{\prime})^{-1}=e^{\prime}\in Ker(f)$$.


If $\sum a_n$ converges then $\sum a_n^3$ converges

Prove or contradict: if $\sum a_n$ converges then $\sum a_n^3$ converges.  I was able to prove that if $a_n \geq 0$ then the statement is true. But I couldn't prove nor contradict the general case.


How does one go about proving that the sums and products of two algebraic numbers over a field $F$ (say $a,b\in K$, where $K/F$ is a field extension) is also algebraic?   If we call $f_a$ and $f_b$ the min. poly's of $a$ and $b$, then I'm assuming the answer involves such polynomials. Perhaps looking at their roots in splitting fields for both of them? And finding a "big" splitting field, constructed from those two other ones?      In particular, I'd like a way of explicitly constructing the minimal polynomials $\ f_{ab}$ of $ab$ and $f_{a+b}$ of $a+b$.     I read somewhere that $g(x)=\Pi_j\Pi_i (x-\alpha_i\beta_j)$ works for $ab$, where the $\alpha_i$ and $\beta_j$ are the roots of $f_a$ and $f_b$, respectively, but I do not know why $g(x)\in F[x]$.  Similar remarks for $a+b$


I am stuck on the following problem :      $\,\,\,\,$*Problem*$\quad$The residue of an entire function at $\infty$ is $0$.      Solution: True. This follows from the definition of the residue at $\infty$ together with the Cauchy-Goursat Theorem. Another way to see this is to take the Taylor expansion for $f$ at $0$ $\displaystyle f(z)=\sum_{n=0}^\infty a_nz^n$ and replace $z$ with $1/z$ to get the Laurent expansion for $f(1/z)$ at $0$: $\displaystyle f(z)=\sum_{n=-\infty}^0a_{-n}z^n.$ Then we have that the residue at $\infty$ is given by the negative coefficient of the $1/z$ term of    $$ \dfrac1{z^2}f\left(\dfrac1z\right)=\sum_{n=-\infty}^{-2}a_{-n-2}z^n, $$   which is clearly $0$.   I am having trouble to understand the last few lines (in italic) in the given solution. Can someone give lucid explanation? Thanks and regards to all.


Proof of $\lim_{n \to \infty} {a_n}^{1/n} = \lim_{n \to \infty}(a_{n+1}/a_n)$

Why would $\lim_{n \to \infty} {a_n}^{1/n} = \lim_{n \to \infty}(a_{n+1}/a_n)$ be true where $(a_n)$ is a sequence in $\mathbb{R}$?   Edit: Let all $a_n$ be positive.


Explicit solution of the recursion $x_n = x_{n-1}^2 - 2$ with $x_0>2$

Let $m>2$ be an integer, $x_0 = m$ and $x_n = {(x_{n-1})}^2 - 2$ for $n > 0.$ Prove that $x_n=\lceil\tau(n) \rceil$, where $\tau(n) = α^{2^n}$ and $\alpha >1$ satisfies $\alpha + \frac{1}{\alpha} = m$.  This is the problem.  The only thing I can think of is that it could have something to do with $\varphi$, since for $m=3$ we have $x(n)=\lceil\left(\varphi^2\right)^n\cdot \varphi) \rceil$, $\alpha = \varphi^2$. Other than that I have no idea how to move on. Thanks in advance


do I pay for multiple downloads of paid apps?

I am thinking about buying Tasker, and swype. If I purchase these apps, will I need to pay for them on each device? Or will a single purchase allow me to install on all my devices?


Does the OP of a flagged post get comment notifications if the post is deleted by mods?

When I flag new user posts for "Not an answer" or "me too" type stuff, I usually write a comment to the user asking him to post a separate question  and don't pollute the universe bla bla.   Now I can see later - the post was deleted by a mod, but will the OP receive my comment if he logs in after a while - since the post is deleted.  Examples (I assume 10Ks can see the deleted posts - I'm not sure if these are the ones I commented on, but I flagged these for deletion)   or


why numpy returns an empty array when you subset an array with indices higher than its shape?

Why does numpy returns an empty array when you subset an array with indices higher than the shape of the array?  is this somewhat a bug or what is the advantage of this? I would expect an error message, like the one you get if you try to plot an index out of bounds. Example:  >>> import numpy as np >>> from matplotlib import pyplot as plt >>> a = np.array([[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6]]) >>> np.shape(a) (2, 3)   This obviously makes no sense, since a is an array with 3 columns, but instead of returning an error message, you get an empty array, and furthermore, you can do operations with it:  >>> (a[:, 44:55]) array([], shape=(2, 0), dtype=int64) >>> np.sum(a[:, 44:55], 1) array([0, 0])   What is the advantage of this? I just cannot see the use of it. Is there a way to prevent this from happening?


Why is some part of the mesh getting "hidden" or "cut out"

Some parts of my mesh just gets hidden or cut out of my view. I don't know why this is happening is this is the first time this has happened to me.


From official :     Due to a head injury, Cyclops is unable to shut off his optic blasts   at will and must therefore wear ruby quartz lenses to block the beams.   From the same page:     Cyclops possesses the mutant ability to project a beam of heatless   ruby-colored concussive force from his eyes, which act as   inter-dimensional apertures between this universe and another.   When his eyes are always blocked by ruby-colored beam of concussive force, how does he see?


Waiting in transit zone until Schengen visa is valid

I'm from Uzbekistan. I have a Schengen visa from France. This visa is valid from 9 Sep 2015 until 3 Oct 2015.  But I have booked a ticket from Tashkent to Paris on 8 Sep. The time of arriving to Paris is at 19.30pm on 8 Sep.  May I go to Paris 19.30pm on 8 Sept and wait in transit zone until 00.00 9 Sept, then go to passport control to enter Paris?


I have this problem when opening totem (GNOME Videos) ~$ totem Gdk-Message: 10:40:58.480: Error 71 (Protocol error) dispatching to Wayland display.  10:40:58.480  (This message has changed many times)


Need to shrink space between title and top of page in customized page setup

I am using a customised set-up as shown below for my title and need some help reducing the space between the top of the page and the "title" which in my case is defined by a "chapter" environment.       \documentclass[12pt,a4paper]{report}     \usepackage[margin=0.75in]{geometry}     \usepackage[latin1]{inputenc}     \usepackage{amsmath}     \usepackage{amsfonts}     \usepackage{amssymb}     \usepackage{multicol}     \usepackage{titling}      \usepackage{xcolor}     \usepackage[explicit]{titlesec}      \setlength\columnsep{50pt}     \setlength{\droptitle}{-5pt}     \author{The Doctor}     \title{\textbf{Mirko Vosk EDH}}       %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%     \titleformat{\chapter}       {\normalfont\LARGE\bfseries\fontfamily{uncl}\selectfont\filcenter}{}    {0em}{#1}      \titleformat{\section}       {\normalfont\LARGE\bfseries\fontfamily{pbk}\selectfont\color{red}\filcenter}{}{0em}{#1} %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%     \begin{document}     \chapter{``Rush of the Wild" R/G \, Aggro}      \begin{multicols}{2}     \section*{``Base" Creatures=04}         \begin{itemize}             \item 02 Rakdos Cackler (B/R) [2/2]             \item 02 Kalonian Tusker (GG) [3/3]         \end{itemize}      \end{document}   I would like for the document to be one page without changing my margins and shrink the space between title and top of page. Thanks!


Proving irrationality of $\sqrt[3]{3}+\sqrt[3]{9}$

I need to prove $$\sqrt[3]{3}+\sqrt[3]{9}$$ is irrational, I assumed $$\sqrt[3]{3}+\sqrt[3]{9} = \frac{m}{n}$$ I cubed both sides and got $$\sqrt[3]{3}+\sqrt[3]{9} = \frac{m^3-12n^2}{9n^3}$$  I tried setting $$\frac{m^3-12n^2}{9n^3} = \frac{m}{n}$$ but that led me nowhere. so what can I do?


What is the difference between discrete data and continuous data?


How to revert VLC media player to its original state?

For the last few days, my VLC media player has not been responding at all. When I try to double click any file or even run VLC media player without any file, it just doesn't open up.  I tried to open it through terminal, and it was working fine, but there were no option coming on the VLC media player screen and also if I close the terminal, VLC media player closes automatically. How do I make VLC media player back to its original way so that I can access any file through VLC media player?


Can I protect against SQL injection by escaping single-quote and surrounding user input with single-quotes?

I realize that parameterized SQL queries is the optimal way to sanitize user input when building queries that contain user input, but I'm wondering what is wrong with taking user input and escaping any single quotes and surrounding the whole string with single quotes. Here's the code:  sSanitizedInput = "'" & Replace(sInput, "'", "''") & "'"   Any single-quote the user enters is replaced with double single-quotes, which eliminates the users ability to end the string, so anything else they may type, such as semicolons, percent signs, etc., will all be part of the string and not actually executed as part of the command.    We are using Microsoft SQL Server 2000, for which I believe the single-quote is the only string delimiter and the only way to escape the string delimiter, so there is no way to execute anything the user types in.  I don't see any way to launch an SQL injection attack against this, but I realize that if this were as bulletproof as it seems to me someone else would have thought of it already and it would be common practice.    What's wrong with this code? Is there a way to get an SQL injection attack past this sanitization technique?  Sample user input that exploits this technique would be very helpful.    UPDATE:  I still don't know of any way to effectively launch a SQL injection attack against this code. A few people suggested that a backslash would escape one single-quote and leave the other to end the string so that the rest of the string would be executed as part of the SQL command, and I realize that this method would work to inject SQL into a MySQL database, but in SQL Server 2000 the only way (that I've been able to find) to escape a single-quote is with another single-quote; backslashes won't do it.  And unless there is a way to stop the escaping of the single-quote, none of the rest of the user input will be executed because it will all be taken as one contiguous string.  I understand that there are better ways to sanitize input, but I'm really more interested in learning why the method I provided above won't work. If anyone knows of any specific way to mount a SQL injection attack against this sanitization method I would love to see it.


Where are the proprietary NVIDIA drivers in 16.04?

The proprietary NVIDIA drivers "disappeared" with my latest update:    The option of "Proprietary drivers for devices" is correctly set under the "Ubuntu Software" tab. I have the graphics-driver PPA (ppa:graphics-drivers/ppa) correctly added to my sources.  Any ideas on how to bring the proprietary drivers back?  PS1: I need them because some of the games I play under wine don't work without them, for whatever reason.  PS2: Also, this feels like it should have a straightforward answer, but I've been looking online for a while without luck.


I purchased a mountain bike and I ride on the road most of the time and I was looking at slicks for my bike. My tire size that I have now is 26x2.00 and the rims. I have on are AT-550 26inch what size slick tire would be good for me to purchase?


I put together an armature for a four legged creature, but I had to make each leg armature separate. I now want to combine them into one armature. Is there an easy way to do this?


how to find all functions such that $f\left( x^{2} - y^{2} \right) = ( x - y )( f(x) + f(y) )$

Find all function $f:\mathbb R\to\mathbb R$ such that $f\left( x^{2} - y^{2} \right) = ( x - y )( f(x) + f(y) )$.  My try:  If $ x=y=0$ then $f(0)=0$ and  if $x\leftarrow\frac{x+1}{2}$ and $y\leftarrow \frac{x-1}{2}$, then  $f(x)=f\left( \frac{x+1}{2}  \right)+f\left( \frac{x-1}{2}  \right)$.  But how to find all functions?


How do I apply different colours to an object that change depending on the z location of the object to make a contoured heightmap?

I have a heightmap of the height of terrain above and below sea level as a single object. I wish to colour it such that any part of the object that is below sea level (z<0) is coloured blue, and any part above sea level (z>0) is coloured green. How would I do this using a python script?


How can I connect the wire that goes to the grounding rod to the grounding electrode system?

I'm trying to install an outdoor antenna at my parent's house and was wondering how to connect the wire that goes to the grounding rod to the grounding electrode system through the service panel when there doesn't appear to be a grounding bus bar in the service panel.    Here's the inside:


After creating an Apple ID in another location, I am forced to enter payment information in the iOS, Mac, and iTunes stores.  Even when trying to purchase a Free app, I am forced to enter payment information, and the None option is not present.  I am in the US.


What owner and mod should I give to /var/www

I would like to be able to edit the source code of my website from my editor and also allow the website to load in the browser. With sudo chown -R 'www-data':'www-data'the code is not editable but loads on the browser and with sudo chown -R 'username':'username' the other way around. How can I get both?


Is there an online / incremental / parallel version of t-SNE

Anyone know of one? I noticed the question was asked once before , without any answers.  Also I saw that contributors of scikit-learn are working on a more scalable version of t-SNE in a comment .


I have seen a lot of different types of Rear View mirrors. Ideas on which mounting/type is most used and why? ie: sunglass frame mounted, helmet mounting, handle bar mounting, or others. I ride both mountain and road bikes, obviously I don't feel the need as much on my MTB. Ideas and suggestions appreciated


Suppose that n citizens of a town wish to form as many clubs as possible under the following rules:  (a) each club should have an even number of members;  (b) each pair of clubs should have an odd number of members in com- mon.  Show that the maximum possible number of clubs is n if n is odd and n - 1 if n is even.  I used linear algebra methods, but I can't work it out. Please help me.


If an abelian group has subgroups of relatively prime orders r and s(which are cyclic), there exists a subgroup of order rs?

Task is:  Let $G$ be an abelian group and let $H$ and $K$ be finite cyclic subgroups with $|H| = r$ and $|K| = s$. Show that if $r$ and $s$ are relatively prime then $G$ contains a cyclic subgroup of order $rs$.  I'm thinking about how to solve this. My intuition is that because the orders are coprime and the groups are cyclic, the generators must be $r$ and $s$, by Lagrange's theorem. That would mean that the elements of the groups are distinct and since the group is abelian, we can simply count the pairs, giving us a group of $rs$ order. Is this correct?


Number of ways to remove nodes from a graph with certain restrictions

This question is from . I thought of using a bottom up approach, calculating the possible subsets from the leaves, and then making my way up. I'm not to sure why it isn't working. The question  is:  Sales have slumped at the Zionoi noodle factory and the management may need to terminate the contracts of some employees. Every employee has one immediate boss. The seniormost person in the company is the president, who has no boss. For legal reasons, if an employee’s contract is not terminated, then his or her boss’s contract cannot be terminated either. For how many different sets of employees can the management legally terminate contracts? Note that one possibility that has to be counted explicitly is that no employees’ contracts are terminated (that is, the set of employees whose contract is terminated is the empty set).  For example, suppose there are four employees, organised as follows. Each arrow points from an employee to his or her boss.    Here, there are $7$ different ways to terminate contracts for a set of employees, as follows:  $\Bigg[\{1, 2, 3, 4\}, \{\}, \{4\}, \{2\}, \{3, 4\}, \{2, 4\}, \{2, 3, 4\}\Bigg]$  In each of the following cases, compute the number of different sets of employees whose contracts can be legally terminated by the management.


How fast would the Earth need to spin for us to feel weightless?

It's a classic question with many answers all over the Internet, but none here so I figured I'd ask it:  How fast would the Earth need to spin for a person (or anything for that matter) to feel weightless while on the surface at the equator?    In this situation everything on the Earth's surface would essentially be in orbit around the Earth at the radius of the Earth's surface (let us assume the atmosphere was also spun up to this angular velocity so there would be no air drag slowing things down).  Let us also say by "surface of the Earth" we mean mean sea level.  You can decide for yourself if/how to factor in the bulge of the Earth.  You can assume that the Earth somehow is able to maintain its present shape while spinning up.  Any comments on whether an Earth spinning slightly faster than this speed will cause it to break apart or not will also be appreciated.


I see a ton of references as to how to UPGRADE your Mesa drivers using PPAs. However, is there a way to DOWNGRADE easily? For example, I currently have Mesa 17.1.3 installed but would like the ability to revert to Mesa 11.2 and back if necessary.  I'll notice games on Steam have specific Mesa versions in their requirements page and would like to be able to install different versions of the driver to accommodate for stability while playing that game. I'm stumbling across multiple bugs and the feedback I get from the support team is "Try Mesa x.x.x" (helpful, right?).


edit: I don't see how the other question answers mine. I already have an explicit cast (E[]) which the author of the other question doesn't have.  I also tried something like seq1 = (Integer[]) iw.result(); but that doesn't work either.   I have the following code:  public class Something<E extends Comparable<E>> { E[] seq; public Something() {     seq = (E[]) new Object[100]; }  public E[] result() {     return sequence; }  public static void main(String[] args) {     Something<Integer> iw = new Something<Integer>();     Integer[] seq1 = new Integer[100];     seq1 = iw.result(); }}   I get an errormessage in the way of: [Object can't be cast to [Comparable  So I change the Something-Constructor to:  seq = (E[]) new Comparable[100];   Now I get an errormessage in the way of: [Comparable can't be cast to [Integer  Is there any way to make the above code work? I know I would be better off working with Collections here, but I'm just curious what's wrong with my code.


Does $U(A)$ and $A^{\mu}_{\nu}$ commute?

Does $U(A)$ and $A^{\mu}_{\nu}$ commute ? $A^{\mu}_{\nu}$ is the constant matrix  that satisfies $\eta_{\nu\mu}A^{\mu}_{\rho}A^{\nu}_{\sigma}=\eta_{\rho\sigma}$, where $\eta_{\mu\nu}$ is the metric tensor with signature -1, 1, 1, 1  and $U(A)$ is the unitary operator associated with Lorentz transformation. (The Quantum Theory of Fields, Vol I, Weinberg, Chapter 2)


Disable vertical spacing in Clean Thesis

When I use the article class in latex and I have a definition, followed by a huge align environment, latex produces the following output    I am using the thesis template  with a paragraph ( as explained in ).  Here, the definition becomes spread over the whole page like this    How can I prevent that from happening and get the result like in a article latex document?  Here is the code for the first example in the article class:  \documentclass{article}  \usepackage{amsthm} \usepackage{float}    \theoremstyle{plain} \newtheorem{theorem}{Theorem} \newtheorem{lemma}[theorem]{Lemma} \newtheorem{prop}[theorem]{Proposition} \newtheorem{corollary}[theorem]{Corollary}  \theoremstyle{definition} \newtheorem{definition}[theorem]{Definition}  \usepackage{dsfont}  \usepackage{mdframed} \usepackage{framed} \usepackage{lipsum}  \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amsmath}   \newcommand{\normstandard}[1]{\left\lVert#1\right\rVert}  \begin{document} Some Text     \begin{definition}     Any linear operator $P \colon L^1(\mu) \to L^1(\mu)$ satisfying     \begin{itemize}     \item[$(i)$] $Pf \geq 0 \quad \text{and}$     \item[$(ii)$] $\int_E (Pf)(x) \,\mu(dx) = \int_E f(x) \, \mu(dx)$     \end{itemize}     \end{definition}       a little text     \begin{align*}     \nu_A \left(\bigcup_{k\in \mathbb{N}} A_k \right) &=  \lim_{n \to \infty}          \int_A \left( P \mathds{1}_{D_n} \right)(x) \, \mu(dx) \\         &= \lim_{n \to \infty}          \int_A \left( P \left(\sum_{k\in \mathbb{N}} \mathds{1}_{D^k_n} \right) \right)(x) \, \mu(dx) \\         &\overset{(*)}{=}\lim_{n \to \infty}          \int_A \sum_{k\in \mathbb{N}}\left( P  \mathds{1}_{D^k_n} \right)(x) \, \mu(dx) \\         &\overset{(**)}{=}\lim_{n \to \infty}          \sum_{k\in \mathbb{N}}\int_A \left( P  \mathds{1}_{D^k_n} \right)(x) \, \mu(dx) \\         &\overset{(**)}{=}\sum_{k\in \mathbb{N}}\lim_{n \to \infty}          \int_A \left( P  \mathds{1}_{D^k_n} \right)(x) \, \mu(dx) \\         &\overset{(**)}{=}          \sum_{k\in \mathbb{N}}\int_A \lim_{n \to \infty} \left( P  \mathds{1}_{D^k_n} \right)(x) \, \mu(dx), \\         &= \lim_{n \to \infty}          \int_A \left( P \left(\sum_{k\in \mathbb{N}} \mathds{1}_{D^k_n} \right) \right)(x) \, \mu(dx) \\         &\overset{(*)}{=}\lim_{n \to \infty}          \int_A \sum_{k\in \mathbb{N}}\left( P  \mathds{1}_{D^k_n} \right)(x) \, \mu(dx) \\         &\overset{(**)}{=}\lim_{n \to \infty}          \sum_{k\in \mathbb{N}}\int_A \left( P  \mathds{1}_{D^k_n} \right)(x) \, \mu(dx) \\         &\overset{(**)}{=}\sum_{k\in \mathbb{N}}\lim_{n \to \infty}          \int_A \left( P  \mathds{1}_{D^k_n} \right)(x) \, \mu(dx) \\         &\overset{(**)}{=}          \sum_{k\in \mathbb{N}}\int_A \lim_{n \to \infty} \left( P  \mathds{1}_{D^k_n} \right)(x) \, \mu(dx), \\         &= \lim_{n \to \infty}          \int_A \left( P \left(\sum_{k\in \mathbb{N}} \mathds{1}_{D^k_n} \right) \right)(x) \, \mu(dx) \\         &\overset{(*)}{=}\lim_{n \to \infty}          \int_A \sum_{k\in \mathbb{N}}\left( P  \mathds{1}_{D^k_n} \right)(x) \, \mu(dx) \\         &\overset{(**)}{=}\lim_{n \to \infty}          \sum_{k\in \mathbb{N}}\int_A \left( P  \mathds{1}_{D^k_n} \right)(x) \, \mu(dx) \\         &\overset{(**)}{=}\sum_{k\in \mathbb{N}}\lim_{n \to \infty}          \int_A \left( P  \mathds{1}_{D^k_n} \right)(x) \, \mu(dx) \\         &\overset{(**)}{=}          \sum_{k\in \mathbb{N}}\int_A \lim_{n \to \infty} \left( P  \mathds{1}_{D^k_n} \right)(x) \, \mu(dx), \\         &{=}          \sum_{k\in \mathbb{N}} \nu_A( A_k )     \end{align*}             where we have used in $(*)$ the continuity of $P$, in particular     \begin{align*}         \int_A \left| \left( P \left(\sum_{k\in \mathbb{N}} \mathds{1}_{D^k_n} \right) \right)(x)- \sum_{k=1}^m \left( P  \mathds{1}_{D^k_n} \right)(x) \right| \, \mu(dx)         \leq \normstandard{P} \normstandard{\sum_{k=m+1}^\infty \mathds{1}_{D^k_n} } \to 0     \end{align*}     some information \end{document}


I'm pretty confused about session management. I'm using PHP, and when the user clicks the log in button, I call session_start() as the first line in my script. The result of that is a cookie on the client called PHPSESSID with a unique value. That seems to work as I would expect.  Where I am confused is on the log out process. When the user clicks 'log out', I call session_unset(); and then session_destroy();. My expectation is that this should clear the cookie, but doesn't. Even when I close the tab in the browser, when I come back to the site via a new tab, that old cookie is still there, along with the old session id value. This means that the session id is being reused from one session to the next (and beyond). Even when I go through the log in process again, the session id remains unchanged. This can't be correct, right?  In a somewhat desperate attempt, I tried to use this function to clear the cookie itself, but it seems to accomplish nothing:  // destroy the cookies var cookies = document.cookie.split(";");  for (var i = 0; i < cookies.length; i++) {     var cookie = cookies[i];     var eqPos = cookie.indexOf("=");     var name = eqPos > -1 ? cookie.substr(0, eqPos) : cookie;     document.cookie = name + "=;expires=Thu, 01 Jan 1970 00:00:00 GMT"; }   Am I just misunderstanding how this process works? Or am I doing something wrong (or both!). Thanks for any advice or references.


I've been due a "Yearling" badge on Chemistry  for days and not received it.


Finding minimum-area-rectangle for given points?

As you see in the figure,  the question is:    How to find the minimum-area-rectangle (MAR) fitted on the given points?    and a supporting question is:    Is there any analytical solution for the problem?    (A development of the question will be to fit a box (3D) to a cluster of points in a 3D point cloud.)  As a first stage I propose to find the convex-hull for the points which reforms the problem (by removing those points are not involved in the solution) to: fitting a MAR to a polygon.  The required method will provide X (center of rectangle), D (two dimensions) and A (angle).      My proposal for solution:     Find the centroid of the polygon (see )   [S] Fit a simple fitted rectangle i.e., parallel to the axes X and Y   you may use minmax function for X and Y of the given points (e.g., polygon's vertices)  Store the area of the fitted rectangle Rotate the polygon about the centroid by e.g., 1 degree Repeat from [S] until a full rotation done Report the angle of the minimum area as the result   It looks to me promising, however the following problems exist:   choose of a good resolution for the angle change could be challenging, the computation cost is high, the solution is not analytical but experimental.


How do I test for items with a data value, like gray dye or purple wool, using the {Item:id} command?  I have tried using {Item:{id:minecraft:dye:7}} and {Item:{id:351/7}}


whether to rescale indicator / binary / dummy predictors for LASSO

For the LASSO (and other model selecting procedures) it is crucial to rescale the predictors.  The    is simply to use a 0 mean, 1 standard deviation normalization for continuous variables. But what is there to do with dummies?  E.g.  from the same (excellent) summer school I linked to rescales continuous variables to be between 0 and 1 (not great with outliers though), probably to be comparable to the dummies. But even that does not guarantee that the coefficients should be the same order of magnitude, and thus penalized similarly, the key reason for rescaling, no?


Submitting multiple distinct papers to the same journal

I've recently submitted three papers to the same top journal over a period of two weeks. Can this fact alone impact on the chances of any of the papers being accepted? There is no overlap of content or dependencies among the papers, but I'm a bit worried that it may look odd from the editor's perspective and raise doubts on my work.


It happened many times that while I was submitting an edit to a question, someone else edited the same question (to improve code formatting, to correct a typo in the title, etc.) and got his edit approved. So, my edit became irrelevant and useless.   In this case, I think it could be useful to be able to cancel my own edits while it's still pending review.


floating-number error. How to format the numbers?

I have got this weird bug were my number is really long like this:    I think it is so because i get it from a label.  Double(lblsSteppers[i].0.text!)!   I also seems to happen to only certain numbers like 9.2.  But i don't know a way to prevent it. So does anybody also else have encountered this? And what have they done to prevent it.  Update:  The error that i got is floating-numbers of some sort. So now somebody suggest to format the numbers for viewing them. But how can i do that?


Why does fstab use UUID instead of the actual file system name?

For example, this is the first line of my /etc/fstab:  UUID=050e1e34-39e6-4072-a03e-ae0bf90ba13a    /    ext4    errors=remount-ro    0    1   And here's the output of df -h command (reporting free disk space):  honey@bunny:~$ df -T  Filesystem     Type     1K-blocks    Used Available Use% Mounted on /dev/vda       ext4      30832636 4884200  24359188  17% / none           tmpfs            4       0         4   0% /sys/fs/cgroup udev           devtmpfs    498172      12    498160   1% /dev tmpfs          tmpfs       101796     320    101476   1% /run none           tmpfs         5120       0      5120   0% /run/lock none           tmpfs       508972       0    508972   0% /run/shm none           tmpfs       102400       0    102400   0% /run/user    From the two is it okay to deduce that UUID=050e1e34-39e6-4072-a03e-ae0bf90ba13a represents /dev/vda given that the first column in fstab is <file system>? So, would it be okay if I modified /etc/fstab to this?  /dev/vda    /    ext4    errors=remount-ro    0    1  EDIT: If yes (to above question), why does the sudo blkid command show a different UUID for /dev/vda?  $ sudo blkid  /dev/vda: LABEL="DOROOT" UUID="6f469437-4935-44c5-8ac6-53eb54a9af26" TYPE="ext4"   What am I missing here?  Answer: I'd conclude (3) to be a bug in the cloud of my host. So yes, the UUID reported by blkid (or ls -l /dev/disk/by-uuid) should be the same as the one used in /etc/fstab.


Converting Float to Int Gives wrong result

I was solving a problem and noticed that conversion of Float value to Int gives wrong result. Below is peice of code which involves the conversion  while(height >= 0.0){         height = (v * t) - (0.5*g*t*t)         if(height >= maxHeight) {             d_time = t             maxHeight = height             print(d_time)         }         t += 0.1     }     let time = d_time * 10.0     print(d_time, Int(time)) // it prints 2.4, 23     return time   However if I tried converting literals it works correct.  For example  let time = 2.4 * 10.0 print(time) // prints 24 as expected.   I tried to figure out the issue but not able to get it.  Please help in understanding this behavior.  Thanks.


Reversibility of the rules of classical mechanics

In the book of classical mechanics, Leonard Susskind says that Aristotle's equation of motion (F = mv) is reversible. But in the second lecture Theoretical Minimum 'videos say that F = mv is not reversible !!!! Finally, which one is right?


WordPress with SOFT 404 in Google Search Console (WMT) What causes Q82019309.com?

My  that I designed for him awhile has hundreds of SOFT 404's reported in  Google's Search Console formerly Webmaster Tools. Generally I find fixing soft 404 easy but this has me a little stumped. All the soft errors are returning a odd string that contains Q82019309.com with the occasional sub folder Aristocratwithin the string /?=.  The 404's generally look something like:   Encoded: /search/%E5%A4%A7%E5%A5%96%E6%80%BB%E4%BB%A3Q82019309.com  Decoded: /search/大奖总代Q82019309.com   The linked from information provides:   Encoded: /?s=%E5%A4%A7%E5%A5%96%E6%80%BB%E4%BB%A3Q82019309.com Decoded: /?s=大奖总代Q82019309.com   At first I believed this was an isolated issue but upon investigating I discovered that this issue actually affects thousands of websites and someone must know the cause. When I Google  or  I'm overwhelmed with the amount of results, including some of highly reputable sites such as:        Question(s):  So what is causing these soft 404 errors with string Q82019309.com with or without Aristocrat.


Is the machine learning community abusing "conditioned on" and "parametrized by"?

Say, $X$ is dependent on $\alpha$. Rigorously speaking,    if $X$ and $\alpha$ are both random variables, we could write $p(X\mid\alpha)$; however, if $X$ is a random variable and $\alpha$ is a parameter, we have to write $p(X; \alpha)$.   I notice several times that the machine learning community seems to ignore the differences and abuse the terms.  For example, in the famous LDA model, where $\alpha$ is the Dirichlet parameter instead of a random variable.    Shouldn't it be $p(\theta;\alpha)$? I see a lot of people, including the LDA paper's original authors, write it as $p(\theta\mid\alpha)$.


I find it curious that the most obvious way to create Date objects in Java has been deprecated and appears to have been "substituted" with a not so obvious to use lenient calendar.  How do you check that a date, given as a combination of day, month, and year, is a valid date?  For instance, 2008-02-31 (as in yyyy-mm-dd) would be an invalid date.


python, importing a file with a dynamic name

Folks, I would like to import python files, and functions dynamically.  The modulenames should be passed to a function like so:  def scrape(url, foo):     modulename = url['modulename']     import modulename     modulename.modulename(url, foo)   This is erroring out with:  ImportError: No module named modulename   So how can we get python to use 'modulename' as a variable?  Thanks!


Expectation of truncated normal X conditional on truncated normal Y

I am trying to derive:  $E(X|a \leq Y \leq b)$   where $c \leq X \leq d $, $X$ and $Y$ are (doubly truncated) Gaussians with the same mean and different variance, and $a < c < d < b$ are the truncation points.  To start off, I wrote:   $E(X|a \leq Y \leq b) = \int_c^d x f_{X|c \leq Y \leq d}(x)dx $  where  $f_{X|c \leq Y \leq d}(x) = \frac{f_{X}(x)}{Pr(c \leq Y \leq d)} = \frac{\frac{\frac{1}{\sigma_x}\phi (\frac{x-\mu_x}{\sigma_x})}{\Phi(\frac{d-\mu_x}{\sigma_x}) - \Phi(\frac{c-\mu_x}{\sigma_x})}}{\Phi(\frac{d-\mu_y}{\sigma_y}) - \Phi(\frac{c-\mu_y}{\sigma_y})}, \forall c \leq Y \leq d $  At this point I'm absolutely stuck. Is what I wrote correct? Is there any other way to derive the result more directly?


How can I open Google Chrome via command-line with a URL, in incognito mode?

When launching Chrome from the Windows command line I can pass arguments like so:  ...>chrome.exe -incognito   I can also pass a URL to open:  ...>chrome.exe google.com   Each work fine on their own, but I can't get them to work together.  What I want is to launch it with a URL, and open in its own tab, and hide the URL, buttons, etc., like a utility window, but I do want it resizable.


Let $A,B$ be two sets.  Is there necessarily an injection from $A$ to $B$ or an injection from $B$ to $A$ ?


How do you use Batch for send more than 10 emails?

I have been watching how to implement the batch for sending more than 10 email but I get errors. When I send emails I have a limit 5 and also are sent several times to the same user email  global class SendBatchClass implements Database.Batchable<sObject>, Database.AllowsCallouts{     String query = '';      global Batchname(){     }     global SendBatchClass(String newBodyBatch,...){        this.body = newBodyBatch;        try{...}        catch(){...}     }     global Database.QueryLocator start(Database.BatchableContext BC) {          return Database.getQueryLocator(query);     }     global void execute(Database.BatchableContext BC, List<Contact> scope) {         SES sesEmail = new SES(as3.key,as3.secret);         for(sObject s: scope){             sesEmail.sendEmail(subRecipients,sender,subject,newBody);         }     }     global void finish(Database.BatchableContext BC) {      } }


Handling a colon in an element ID in a CSS selector

JSF is setting the ID of an input field to search_form:expression. I need to specify some styling on that element, but that colon looks like the beginning of a pseudo-element to the browser so it gets marked invalid and ignored. Is there anyway to escape the colon or something?  input#search_form:expression {   ///... }


I can't upgrade GLIBC 2.27 to GLIBC 2.2.8

I wanna  upgrade to GLIBC 2.28 ldd --version ldd (Ubuntu GLIBC 2.27-3ubuntu1.2) 2.27 I tried to do sudo apt-get install libc6 but it is still the same version not updating Ubuntu 18.04.5 LTS any advise? Thanks


7/2 versus 9/2 for diatomic heat capacity

Question  I calculated the classical heat capacity of a diatomic gas as $C_V = (9/2)Nk_B$, however the accepted value is $C_V = (7/2)Nk_B$.  I assumed the classical Hamiltonian of two identical atoms bound together as $$ H = \dfrac{1}{2m}( |\bar{p}_2|^2 + |\bar{p}_2|^2)+ \dfrac{\alpha}{2} |\bar{q}_1-\bar{q}_2|^2. $$ I calculated the partition function of $N$ particles as $$ Z = \left( \iiint_{-\infty}^{\infty} \iiint_{-\infty}^{\infty} \iiint_{-\infty}^{\infty} \iiint_{-\infty}^{\infty} e^{-\beta H} ~d^3q_1~d^3p_1~d^3q_2~d^3p_2 \right)^N \propto V^N T^{(9/2)N}. $$ I calcuated the heat capacity as $$ C_V = \dfrac{\partial }{\partial T} \left( k_B T^2 \dfrac{\partial \ln(Z)}{\partial T} \right) = \dfrac{9}{2}k_BN. $$  Why does the classical argument fail?  Classical Derivation  The partition function is \begin{align} Z &=& \left( \frac{1}{h^6} \int \mathrm{e}^{- \beta H(\bar{q}_1,\bar{q}_2,\bar{p}_1,\bar{p}_2)} ~d^{3}q_1 ~d^{3}q_2 ~d^{3}p_1   ~d^{3}p_2 \right)^N \\&=& \left( \frac{1}{h^6} \int \mathrm{e}^{- \beta ((|\bar{p}_1|^2+|\bar{p}_2|^2)/(2m)+\alpha |\bar{q}_1-\bar{q}_2|^2/2)} ~d^{3}q_1 ~d^{3}q_2 ~d^{3}p_1   ~d^{3}p_2 \right)^N \end{align} A useful gaussian integral \begin{align} \int_{-\infty}^{\infty} e^{-\gamma (x-x_0)^2}dx = \sqrt{\dfrac{\pi}{\gamma}} \end{align} The partition function can be evaluated using separated integrals \begin{align} \iiint_{-\infty}^{\infty} \mathrm{e}^{- \beta |\bar{p}_1|^2} ~d^{3}p_1 = \iiint_{-\infty}^{\infty} \mathrm{e}^{- \beta |\bar{p}_2|^2} ~d^{3}p_2 = \left(\sqrt{\dfrac{\pi}{\beta}}\right)^3 \end{align} and \begin{align} \iiint_{-\infty}^{\infty} \iiint_{-\infty}^{\infty} \mathrm{e}^{- \beta \alpha |\bar{q}_1-\bar{q}_2|^2/2 } ~d^{3}q_1 ~d^{3}q_2 = \left( \sqrt{\dfrac{\pi}{\beta \alpha/2}} \right)^3 \iiint_{-\infty}^{\infty}  ~d^{3}q_1 = \left( \sqrt{\dfrac{\pi}{\beta \alpha/2}} \right)^3 V \end{align} The last set of integrals are improper integrals. One has to take the limit as the space approaches infinite containment. In that limit, integrating one set of variables $d^3q_2$ approaches the limit of a finite Gaussian term, while the other $d^3q_1$ approaches the diverging value of the total volume of the gas.  The partition function is \begin{align} Z &=& \left( h^{-6} \left(\sqrt{\dfrac{\pi}{\beta}}\right)^3 \left(\sqrt{\dfrac{\pi}{\beta}}\right)^3 \left( \sqrt{\dfrac{\pi}{\beta \alpha/2}} \right)^3 V \right)^N \\&=& \left( h^{-6} \left(k_B T \pi\right)^{9/2} \left( \dfrac{2}{\alpha} \right)^{3/2} V \right)^N \\&=& \left( h^{-6} \left(k_B \pi\right)^{9/2} \left( \dfrac{2}{\alpha} \right)^{3/2} \right)^N V^N T^{9N/2} \end{align}


When teaching a course based a text book, is using the proofs of theorems and examples from a text book considered reproducing the material from the textbook, while providing the study lecture notes?


I am trying to update my PHP version but it gives an error: Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree        Reading state information... Done You might want to run 'apt-get -f install' to correct these: The following packages have unmet dependencies:  linux-image-generic : Depends: linux-image-4.4.0-186-generic but it is not going to be installed or                                 linux-image-unsigned-4.4.0-186-generic but it is not going to be installed                        Recommends: thermald but it is not going to be installed  linux-modules-extra-4.4.0-145-generic : Depends: linux-image-4.4.0-145-generic but it is not going to be installed or                                                   linux-image-unsigned-4.4.0-145-generic but it is not going to be installed  linux-modules-extra-4.4.0-186-generic : Depends: linux-image-4.4.0-186-generic but it is not going to be installed or                                                   linux-image-unsigned-4.4.0-186-generic but it is not going to be installed  php7.3 : Depends: libapache2-mod-php7.3 but it is not going to be installed or                    php7.3-fpm but it is not going to be installed or                    php7.3-cgi but it is not going to be installed           Depends: php7.3-common but it is not going to be installed E: Unmet dependencies. Try 'apt-get -f install' with no packages (or specify a solution).  How to fix it?


Colonists kill local creature, only to discover they were killing off immature monsters

Many years ago I read a book; I can't remember the name and I want to reread it. Can anyone help me out?  Settlers land on a planet and colonise it; they find this nasty creature that's a wee bit violent and start killing them all; later in the year, they discover that the creature was killing other smaller animals who later in the year turn into huge killing machines.  They then spend their time trying to survive from the new born creatures.  It was a great book but I can't remember the title.


Target inner elements of standard Lightning Web Components with CSS

Say we have a LWC with the following template in a component named example:  <template>     <lightning-textarea class="test"></lightning-textarea> </template>   And some css to go with it:  .test textarea {     min-height: 500px; }   The expected behavior is that the lightning-textarea will be 500px tall because the nested textarea has been made 500px tall.  The actual behavior is that nothing happens. The reason for this is that the compiled css will be:  .test[c-example_example] textarea[c-example_example] {     min-height: 500px; }   And the compiled (relevant parts of the) html will be:  <lightning-textarea c-example_example lightning-textarea_textarea class="test">     <textarea lightning-textarea_textarea></textarea> </lightning-textarea>   It's obvious that the  has scoped the textarea element to its parent, lightning-textarea and not our example component. This is an issue because the CSS processor has appended [c-example_example] not only to the .test part of the selector, but textarea as well.  It makes sense that CSS would be scoped downward, which is how Aura components handled scoping, but in LWC it's actually entirely isolated, so neither parent nor child elements can target it.  Is there any way around this? Or plans to support targeting child components? Being able to override and tweak the CSS of the standard component library was a very handy feature of Aura components, allowing customized appearances without having to rewrite the base component from scratch.  On top of that, this means that you can't reuse your own components in different contexts, giving them different styles in each. The component itself must be responsible for  all of its styling. While this is possible it requires a lot of conditional class assignments which is frustrating.


nvarchar(max) versus nvarchar(n) in table variable columns

I do a lot of work with table variables before finally presenting result sets to the user.  For example, I might pull in a whole load of columns from many different tables like this:  DECLARE @tmp TABLE ( ID int, username nvarchar(50),  -- data taken from tbl_Users site nvarchar(50),      -- data taken from tbl_Sites region nvarchar(100),   -- data taken from tbl_Regions currency nvarchar(5)    -- data taken from tbl_Currencies )   I spend a lot of time looking through the Object Explorer to ensure that the data length of the columns in correct (matches the original tables).  Sometimes if I change the table schema but don't update all the procedures, I might get caught out with a truncation error.  Is there any issue with taking a lazy approach and just doing this:  DECLARE @tmp TABLE ( ID int, username nvarchar(max), site nvarchar(max), region nvarchar(max), currency nvarchar(max) )   Does nvarchar(max) actually use up any more memory or this the allocated memory based on the data size?  Are there any other gotchas?  Please note that I am aware of third-party tools for jumping to the definition, but that's not what I'm asking.  UPDATE  The duplicate question has value, but the question is not identical IMHO.  The duplicate revolves around the design of actual tables, not table variables.  However, there is some merit in the answers, namely:   nvarchar(max) vs nvarchar(8000) are no different in resource usage until 8000+ data lengths Business logic layers rely on structure and meaningful data, so specifying a column size that compliments the original provides value   In that sense, it would seem that it is fine to use nvarchar(max) in table variables instead of nvarchar(n), but it has a reliability and performance risk in some environments.  If you think this should be deleted then fair enough (but please stop arguing I appreciate all input!)


Execute single program on boot, no menus

I'm trying to something like a kiosk.  So, I'm creating a custom install of Ubuntu Desktop 14.04 using Ubuntu-Builder, and I'm simply trying to have a program start up right on boot. I do not want the global menu bar on top to display, or the side bar with the short cuts to applications to display. I just want a program to execute in full screen, even if the user exits the program. The program already runs in full screen by the way.  I've tried removing Unity, and when I do that, when Ubuntu boots up, it says that you cannot log into Ubuntu. Does anyone have any suggestions?  Here's what I've tried:  sudo apt-get autoremove --purge unity unity-common unity-services unity-lens-* unity-scope-*   I'm also having difficulties having the program boot on start up, because I'm used to adding the program to execute to the users .profile. Any suggestions for this as well?  Thanks in advance.


If I search in the internet, I find "hypothesis" is a singular word as I see "is" after it. But I found the following line in the book "Naked Statistics: Stripping the Dread from the Data" by Charles Wheelan (in CHAPTER 9) -  if the null hypothesis were true and this were really a bus full of Changing Lives passengers;  Why "were" is used after "hypothesis"? Should not it be "hypothesis was true"?


how to properly use sorting function in python

I have a questions about python sorting functions. I cannot digest how it works actually. Here is my class:  class DataScript(object):      def __init__(self, index, name, size):         self.index = index         self.name = name         self.size = size      def __cmp__(self, other):         if hasattr(other, 'getKey'):             if self.getKey() == other.getKey():                 return 0             else:                 if self.getKey() > other.getKey():                     return 1                 else:                     return -1      def getKey(self):         return self.size      def __iter__(self):         return self      def __next__(self):         self.index += 1         try:             return data[self.index - 1]         except IndexError:             self.idx = 0             raise StopIteration  # Done iterating.      def __repr__(self):         return '[' + str(data.index) + ', ' + data.name + ', ' + convert_bytes(data.size) + ']'   It is said that I have to give the list which I want to sort and the getKet function to get the sorting key. However when I try to run such a thing like this:  I get an error that something is not iterable or there is no getKey function for the object in question ? Here is how I call it and I have to say it has no sense for me. First example doesn't work and I'm guessing it cannot actually determine item index and doing nothing. Second example works and I don't understand why.   sorted(resultList, key=resultList.getKey)   or  resultList.sort(key=resultList.getKey)


$f \in L^1$, but $f \not\in L^p$ for all $p > 1$

"Find an $f \in [0,1]$ such that $f \in L^1$ but $f \not\in L^p$ for any $p > 1$."  I've thought about doing something like $$f(x) = \frac{1}{x}$$ where $|f|^p = \frac{1}{x^p}$ doesn't converge when $p > 1$.  But this function isn't itself in $L^1$.  Could someone please give me a hint for how to solve this problem?  I wish there were a situation where you had convergence on the closed half disc $[0,1]$ and divergence on $(1, \infty)$, rather than my current predicament where I have convergence on the open half-disc $[0, 1)$ and divergence on $[1, \infty)$.


How can it be possible, that If statement doesn't understand two equal things that they are the same?  Situation: I write into txfName field only letter b and then push button "Ok".  Code:  String letter = "b"; boolean same = false; if (letter == txfName.getText()) { same == true; }   After if statement program shows me that variable same is false. Why? How can it be possible?  If I write code like this:  String letter = "b"; boolean same = false; if (letter == "b") { same == true; }   Then after if statement program shows me that variable same is true. I don't understand, how it can be possible.


2 inner joins to same data on other table

im a bit stuck in my understanding of this  I have 2 tables ...'games' and 'teams'  **teams**  teamID,teamName 1, Bears 2, Steelers 3, Giants 4, Bengals ...   **Games**  gameID,awayTeamID,homeTeamID 10, 1,2 20, 3,4   Im trying to write a query where I will return the games, but bring back the teamNames of both the home and away team also (or even 'instead', as I dont actually need the IDs in the final query)  I tried an INNER JOIN, and if I link .. 'games.homeTeamID=teams.teamID' then it will successfully bring back teamID into my query ...However, i need to do the same with 'awayTeamID'  so i tried 2 INNER JOINS  SELECT * FROM games INNER JOIN teams on games.awayTeamID=teams.teamID  INNER JOIN teams on games.homeTeamID=teams.teamID    But naturally I get an SQL error as im trying to join to same item twice  #1066 - Not unique table/alias: 'teams  .. I want my query result to look like this  gameID,awayTeamID,homeTeamID,awayTeamNAME,homeTeamNAME, 10, 1,2,Bears, Steelers 20, 3,4,Giants,Bengals   or   gameID,awayTeamNAME,homeTeamNAME, 10,Bears, Steelers 20,Giants,Bengals   ...of course awayTeamNAME and homeTeamNAME dont exist yet though so this is a problem :-)  Apologies if this is a really simple issue, but does anyone know how I can reference the same item in the teams table for 2 different result objects?  Any help would be greatly appreciated


How many subsets with an even number of elements?

I don't quite understand this topic so I need help to prove the number of subsets of   S = {1,2,3,...,N}  which they have an even number of elements.   Thanks in advance.


How do I draw a tree-like figure similar to the one below please?


How to get ALL kinds of reverse package dependencies: reverse-depends pendant for non-Ubuntu distributions

I would like to find all possible reverse dependencies (no need for recursive reverse dependencies) of a certain package p, that is, I want to find all packages which depend on p. This shall include reverse dependencies on p's source package and also reverse build dependencies.  If I understand it correctly, there are 4 types of reverse dependencies:   r depends on p r depends on source package of p Building r requires p Building r requires the source package of p   I would like to find all of them.  For Debian, there is apt-rdepends -r but the  says:   apt-rdepends cannot do reverse build-dependencies.   For Ubuntu, there is reverse-depends, which seems to let me do what I want but it seems to be Ubuntu specific, as the manual pages states it is      Provided by: ubuntu-dev-tools_0.153_all   Are there reverse-depends-like tools which will work for non-Ubuntu distributions, especially those using deb and rpm packages?


Second normal form does not produce the desired result

I have a problem with 2NF and I have been unable to solve it by using Google. It is making me crazy because I am a teacher and I don't want to teach wrong stuff to my students.   Let's have a table with 5 fields.  Gradings = {StudentName, SubjectCode, SubjectName, #Exam, Grade}  Dependencies are this way:  StudentName, SubjectCode, #Exam -> Grade  SubjectCode -> SubjectName  SubjectName -> SubjectCode  Therefore, candidate key 1 is {StudentName, SubjectCode, #Exam} and candidate key 2 is {StudentName, SubjectName, #Exam}.   Prime attributes are {StudentName, SubjectCode, SubjectName, #Exam} and non-prime attributes is Grade  According to the definition of second normal form, a non-prime attribute cannot depend on a part of a candidate key. The only non-prime attribute (Grade) does not depend on a part of a candidate key so this table seems in 2NF .  The problem is that I think something is amiss (and I could be wrong). I think subjects should have their own table.   Gradings = {StudentName, Subject Code, #Exam, Grade}  Subjects = {Subject Code, SubjectName}  But 2NF does not produce this. 3NF is about dependencies between non-prime attributes so it does not produce this either. But it seems to me that this is the right outcome, because it has no redundancy.  I guess if non-prime attribute was defined as "attribute that is not a candidate key", 2NF would produce the desired result. But I have checked this again and again and non-prime attribute is defined as "attribute that does not BELONG to a candidate key".  What am I doing wrong? I feel like I am beating my head against a wall.  Thank you in advance.


The hotkey for mesh select mode (vertex, edge, face) while in edit mode Ctrl + Tab has been reassigned in 2.8. Is there another hotkey assigned for this?


I'm trying to cut a piece out of an object I made by extruding a plane several times. As usual, I'm using a boolean difference, but for some reason (and it's not the first time this happens to me), the result is "incomplete", since not enough material is removed (see picture). When this happened in the past, I could solve the issue by using the "fast" setting on the modifier. Here, it makes it even worse (not material was removed at all, no matter the setting). Can you please help me?  Many thanks! P.S.:


How rare are magic items and how many should I be handing out?

What is the baseline distribution of magical treasure and at what level should a given character expect to have received or have a potential of getting a specific rarity of item?  Example: Rare lvl 10+  Also Does this take into account general non-combat magic items?


Inserting back slash between left and right braces

I want to write (Natural number set) \ (singleton $n$). How do I write this? The code is \documentclass[12pt,a4paper]{article} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{amsthm} \usepackage{amssymb} \begin{document}     \mathbb{N}\\{n\} \end{document  But \mathbb{N}\\{n\} does not seem to work.


How to prevent \section from starting on a new page in the scrartcl class?

I browsed through the question history for a while but could not find something helpful for my problem. Sorry, in case I missed a fitting case.  I use document class scrartcl for writing my PhD thesis. I want my sections to start directly after the previous text ended, i.e. I want to prevent them from starting automatically on a new page. How do I do this?  Alternatively, is there another document class that you would recommend?  I am still at beginner level of LaTeX, so I would appreciate a simple solution ;)    UPDATE:  Wow. Thx for the quick responses! And yes, I do use \include. Sorry, I was not aware that this can cause "special effects"...So, can I do something to prevent this from happening?  @egreg: Thx. I will give the "scrbook" a shot. Although, it will not solve my \inlcude-problem, I guess?  @wasteofspace: No, I am not using \chapter as "section".    UPDATE2:  @Joseph: Because I am new to this and have not known better. I got a template from a collegue and this was its documentclass. I will try the one recommended by egreg.


Which tense should I use if for instance I'm talking about a curiosity and I want to ask if the person knew it?


How is listed DPS calculated when dual-wielding weapons?

I was trying out the dual-wielding in Diablo 3, when I noticed really strange. When I equipped my off-hand, which has 0.5 less damage than my main-hand. My overall damage actually went down. So my question is, how does the dual-wielding mechanic work for calculating damage? It seems rather odd that my overall damage should be more with one weapon than with two.


Explanation of version build time as opposed to version number, eg OpenSSL 1.0.1e versus h

Recently, to deal with newly revealed SSL bugs I upgraded my pure Debian distribution. OpenSSL reports a version number of 1.0.1e which is not the latest, however, I am told that it is ok, because the reported build time produced by:     openssl version -b   is June 4, 2014. So, even though the "version" is older, I am assured that Debian somehow "patched" the vulnerabilities, so I don't actually need 1.0.1h as security posts claim, because my 1.0.1e is patched.  I guess I don't understand this. Can anybody explain what the heck is going on? How am I supposed to know that the vulnerabilities are patched if it says 1.0.1e, not 1.0.1h as it should? Why doesn't Debian just freaking put 1.0.1h in the distribution? I do not get this.


I have a simple question about neutral and ground wire.  Since the neutral is connected to the ground, I have problems understanding the difference. Assuming it is connected to the ground, it should be just a ground?  I believe the only way it could be different is if the current can only go from the Neutral -> Ground and not the opposite?  If not, what is then the difference between both?


Do current sources exist practically or is it just a concept?  If there exist a practical current source, can you give some examples.


Function that returns $0$ for all negative values

I need a function that returns $0$ if the given number is negative, and otherwise doesn't change the number.  Example: $$y(-5)=0,\ y(-2)=0,\ y(0)=0,\ y(3)=3,\ y(2566)=2566.$$  Does such a function exist?


Reordering polygon shapefile permanently?

I've written a  which produces a polygon shapefile of the extents of all the thousands of rasters in our library. I want to organise the FID so that the files with the largest extents are on the bottom so that an area of interest can be easily selected.  By organise FID - i mean that the layers should be drawn (in the shapefile) from the smallest extent to the largest extent as otherwise (like in layer ordering) the record of the dataset that has the highest FID will get selected over anything below it. This is not a simple (temporary within map/layer) sort but it has to be to permanently change the order in which the rows are written into the shapefile.


The chapter and section numbers are missing when I generate the output pdf. The problem goes away if I comment out the \usepackage{titlesec} line. However, I need the package for my document and cannot remove it.   I would like to have the chapter and section numbers in the document, and would appreciate it if someone could help me figure this out.  The basic code and output are below:  \documentclass[12pt]{report} \usepackage{titlesec}  \begin{document}  \chapter{Chapter} \section{Section} \subsection{SubSection} \section{Another Section}  \end{document}


Connect "monitor-less" computer to a laptop with a cable

The idea is to connect both computers using a VGA cable and make my laptop's VGA port receive the image from my desktop computer. Is there a way to do it?  Specs:   OS: Windows 7 (desktop) / 8 (laptop) Graphic cards: NVidia GeForce   Please tell me if I need to mention more details or explain further.  Thank you.  EDIT: I can use my desktop computer by borrowing a monitor but I don't have a permanent one for it EDIT 2: In the end, I want to open my desktop computer without needing a monitor (since I don't want to buy a new one because it takes money and space...). I alse have RG-45 cable so a network solution is welcome too.


Better proof for $\frac{1+\cos x + \sin x}{1 - \cos x + \sin x} \equiv \frac{1+\cos x}{\sin x}$

It's required to prove that $$\frac{1+\cos x + \sin x}{1 - \cos x + \sin x} \equiv \frac{1+\cos x}{\sin x}$$ I managed to go about out it two ways:   Show it is equivalent to $\mathsf{true}$: $$\frac{1+\cos x + \sin x}{1 - \cos x + \sin x} \equiv \frac{1+\cos x}{\sin x}$$ $$\Longleftrightarrow\sin x(1+\cos x+\sin x)\equiv(1+\cos x)(1-\cos x+\sin x)$$ $$\Longleftrightarrow\sin x+\cos x\sin x+\sin^2 x\equiv1-\cos x+\sin x+\cos x-\cos^2 x+\sin x \cos x$$ $$\Longleftrightarrow\sin^2 x\equiv1-\cos^2 x$$ $$\Longleftrightarrow\cos^2 x +\sin^2 x\equiv1$$ $$\Longleftrightarrow \mathsf{true}$$ Multiplying through by the "conjugate" of the denominator: $${\rm\small LHS}\equiv\frac{1+\cos x + \sin x}{1 - \cos x + \sin x} $$ $$\equiv\frac{1+\cos x + \sin x}{1 - (\cos x - \sin x)} ~~\cdot ~~\frac{1+(\cos x - \sin x)}{1 +(\cos x - \sin x)}$$ $$\equiv\frac{(1+\cos x + \sin x)(1+\cos x - \sin x)}{1 - (\cos x - \sin x)^2}$$ $$\equiv\frac{1+\cos x - \sin x+\cos x + \cos^2 x - \sin x \cos x+\sin x + \sin x \cos x - \sin^2 x}{1 - \cos^2 x - \sin^2 x + 2\sin x \cos x}$$ $$\equiv\frac{1+ 2\cos x + \cos^2 x- \sin^2 x}{2\sin x \cos x}$$ $$\equiv\frac{1+ 2\cos x + \cos^2 x- 1 + \cos^2 x}{2\sin x \cos x}$$ $$\equiv\frac{2\cos x (1+\cos x)}{2\cos x(\sin x)}$$ $$\equiv\frac{1+\cos x}{\sin x}$$ $$~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~\equiv {\rm\small RHS}~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~\square$$ Both methods of proof feel either inelegant or unnecessarily complicated. Is there a simpler more intuitive way to go about this? Thanks.


Proof of de Morgans' law: For any sets $X$ and $Y$, $\overline{X\cup Y}= \overline{X}\cap\overline{Y}$

For any sets $X$ and $Y$, $\overline{X\cup Y}= \overline{X}\cap\overline{Y}$  [Sorry, the hat should be a horizontal bar ]  Same as the last two questions - this set theory stuff just isn't my walk in the park. Last question in my proofs homework, similar to both other questions I posted, not exactly the same How would I approach it?


How do I emit light from inside a object?

I need to know how to make the buttons in my blender project look the same as in this photo. Mine all look pale, even with the emission material. Is there anyway I can get my buttons like this?


Appending data to properties file, comments disappear & order of data changed

While appending data to properties file, existing comments disappear & order of data is being changed. Please suggest how to avoid it?  data in properties file(before appending the data) along with comments is as follows:  # Setting the following parameters  # Set URL to test the scripts against App.URL = https://www.gmail.com # Enter username and password values for the above Test URL App.Username = XXXX App.Password = XXXX   I am adding more data to above properties file as follows:   public void WritePropertiesFile(String key, String data) throws Exception {            try      {         loadProperties();           configProperty.setProperty(key, data);         File file = new File("D:\\Helper.properties");         FileOutputStream fileOut = new FileOutputStream(file);         configProperty.store(fileOut, null);         fileOut.close();     }      catch (Exception e)      {         e.printStackTrace();     } }   calling the above functiona as:  help.WritePropertiesFile("appwrite1","write1"); help.WritePropertiesFile("appwrite2","write2"); help.WritePropertiesFile("appwrite3","write3");   Data is added successfully, however the previously entered comments are disappeared and order of the data is also changed and the properties file(after appending data) is displayed as follows  #Tue Jul 02 11:04:29 IST 2013 App.Password=XXXX App.URL=https\://www.gmail.com appwrite3=write3 appwrite2=write2 appwrite1=write1 App.Username=XXXX   I want the data to append at the last ,doesn't want to change the order and doesn't want to remove the previously entered comments. Please let me know if it is possible to implement my requirement?


Looking for a novel with a ship crewed only by children, on a return trip in space to re-populate Earth when they return

It was written in English and likely a young adult series. I believe it was a hardcover book and possibly from an Australian author, though I could easily be wrong. I have a feeling it was a series, but I'm not sure if I'm confusing it with other books from the author (see below). I believe it has been out for at least 10 years, probably longer, because I read it in middle school.  The book begins with a school boy seemingly hallucinating seeing a futuristic, armed girl. I think she might have been on the cover of the book, but again I could easily be wrong. The boy is later pulled into the space ship she is on (the school scenes were not real, I believe).  As I remember there was no real adults on the ship, although it might have been because they had all been killed off previously. I realise this seem similar to . Later in the book, or perhaps it was a later book in the series, other children joined the crew.  At the end of the book/series, it is revealed that Earth had been ecologically devastated (possibly by industrial pollution). The cloned (I think) children were on a return trip in space, so that by the time they get back to Earth, the planet is ready for human habitation again.  I recall reading in the afterwords that the author was writing some books set in the same universe, but about early space colonisation of the solar system.  I think it was set before the above scheme to recolonise Earth was enacted. The author said we'll see "familiar names", presumably because the characters were later cloned for the recolonisation mission.   I read a couple of these "prequels" (or at least other books from the same author) but don't recall seeing such names. One of the books mentioned the Earth's oceans had turned toxic, though.


seems to be pretty brave. Yet a bunch of resistance fighters can force her to turn off the shield, allowing the enemies to destroy the whole planet?  I mean any normal soldier would sacrifice his life for his country, rather than betraying thousands of comrades.


Why is the close vote review queue so full?

There can't be over 50k current close votes. :     Close votes age away harmlessly after 4 days if the threshold is not reached.    for instance . It has no visible close votes when I open the question which means the close votes aged away.   But why is that question still in the review queue? It should be removed.


I have Samsung Galaxy Note 3. I wanna install Ubuntu on my phone. Is that possible ? My phone has 64G SD Card. Thanks.


compare first column of 2 file : while second have 2 column but first have one column

i have 2 file :  file 1:  abc mno pqd   file 2:  ump 10 abc 12 sfg 30 klp 45 mno 21 pqd 32 jkl 98 lkg 45   I want output like this:  abc 12 mno 21 pqd 32


It's a famous fact that for all connected, planar graphs, Euler observed (but failed, remarkably, to prove) that $$V-E+F=2$$ However, all of the proofs I have seen (including those I have created myself) are one-way, i.e. they show that if a graph satisfies the above conditions then the polyhedral formula holds (typically because the proof involves gradually deconstructing one's graph in a manner that leaves $V-E+F$ invariant). Does the converse in general hold?  That is, if $V-E+F =2$ for some graph, is that enough to conclude that it's planar and connected?


Movie where aliens or cyborgs were searching for the hero who is locked in a police cell

I am in search of a movie (or maybe series) that I had once on VHS until it was overwritten. Aliens/cyborgs looked somewhat similar to Chaos Space Marines. I remember the scene where the main actor and his girl were locked at local town PD/sheriff's and these alien/cyborgs were searching him. After they managed to escape from cells by using some acid ampules, bad guys attacked and the good guy dispatched one with an SMG of some sort by repeatedly firing rounds at enemies' hearts/cores. I think that good guy's name was Ballard.


It seems that \input appends a trailing space.  MWE:  foo.tex  \documentclass{article}                                                          \begin{document} foo\input{bar.txt}baz \end{document}   bar.txt  bar   Which, using pdflatex foo gives the output foobar baz, with a space in between.  How do I remove it?


I need help writing a SARIMA model I have obtained mathematically. My model is   ARIMA(1,0,4)(2,0,2) period 12.   I understand what the different parts actually mean but get very lost trying to write out the mathematical model. I have tried to follow other examples but as the models differ it makes it hard to apply it to what I have.


Does the first book of the Dune series describe what members of the Spacer guild look like?

I recently read the first Dune book, and I liked it. I knew there was some movie version of it and looked around and found a 1984 movie, and other that I think is a series from the year 2000.  I haven't watched them yet, just a little from the beginning, and in both of them what I think is a member of the Spacing guild emerges from some kind of container. In the movie it talks with the emperor, tells him to kill Paul, and looks like a giant monster head. In the series it looks like a weird giant bat, and concentrates to make the space ship go into hyperspace.  My question is: Did the first book say how they looked like? All I remember is that is was a mystery. Was there some hint that they looked like that and I missed it? Is it made up? or are they using information from the other books?  Thanks.


Joining the 4 digits from the list each time


If $f:[0,1]\to\Bbb R$ is continuous and $f(0)=f(1)$ show that $\forall n\in\Bbb N,\exists x_n,y_n\in[0,1]:|x_n-y_n|=1/n$ and $f(x_n)=f(y_n)$   It is supposed that I must use the intermediate value theorem, not something more advanced (like any kind of derivative or so).  The case for $n=2$ is the unique that I can prove, it is easy because if we create a function $h(x)=f(x+1/2)-f(x)$ (what is continuous because is a sum of two continuous functions) then we can see that $h(0) h(1/2)<0$ and cause the intermediate value theorem then exists a point $c$ such that $h(c)=0$ and $f(c+1/2)=f(c)$.  But for the general case $1/n$ Im lost... I was trying to see anything, with graphs, but seems too complicate. I feel that one possible solution could come from some recursive mechanic involving $f(x)$ and $h_n(x)$, but it seems too complicate and I dont think this will be the real solution.  Can you help me please, leaving some hint or so? Thank you very much.


For my calculus class, one of the review questions I'm given is  Find the volume V by rotating the region bounded by $y = 5x-x^2$ and $y = x^2 - 5x + 8$ about the $y$-axis.  I've never learned this concept before in high school or previous mathematics courses, can someone explain how to do this? Would appreciate any help!


What's behind dot product and cross product?

I would like to know where the dot product and the cross product came from.  Why they exist, why they are in the way they are?  $A\times B \\A\cdot B$  Thank you


I was wondering is there any way I can set my launcher to intellihide? For example just like "docky", which hides whenever there is a window obstructing the dock?  Thanks, Nazir


Collaborative authoring of LaTeX document

I am authoring a LaTeX document with a co-author. The document is a single, monolithic one. We are working on two separate copies of the same document. Once one of us is done with his section, we are merging it together and updating out local copies. It has become a headache. Is there a better way to collaborate authoring LaTeX document?


Why does height:100% not work in IE. How can we get around this.


Calculating percent area of intersection in WHERE clause

I have a table of polygons (census block groups) in Postgres. I want to tag each block group with the town (another polygon table) it mainly resides within. Is this possible? I'm thinking I'd need to essentially create something like: select b.*, t.name   from blockgroups b, towns t   where (st_area(st_intersection(b.wkb_geometry, t.wkb_geometry))/st_area(b.wkb_geometry)) > .5    but this query is taking forever (I've got about 5,000 block groups and 375 towns...). Any suggestions on how to make this query work either at all if it's incorrect, or faster if it is correct?


Which clothes are you punished for in the cities of Skyrim?

There are certain clothes in Skyrim you can get a bounty for if worn, this is why I try to be rather neutrally clothed. I know that if you enter a Stormcloak city in Imperial armor, or an Empire-controlled city in Stormcloak armor, you can be charged by the guards (you'd get a bounty of 40 gold, I think). I'd like to know:  Does this also apply to specific city guard armor such as Whiterun armor or Haafingar armor? Are there other clothes you could be punished for, such as vampire clothes in all cities, or Thalmor clothes and Elven armor in Stormcloak cities?  All in all, which clothes exactly in what cities are punishable? Does anyone know? Thank you.


After I completed "Hard Answers", Karliah said to meet her at the Ragged Flagon in Riften but it didn't give me the quest. I went to the Ragged Flagon but she's not here. Please help.


We consider the problem  $$ \begin{cases} x^2 y''+ x\, y'+\lambda\, y = 0 \\ y(1)=y(e)=0 \end{cases} $$  The question is to find the eigenvalues and eigenfunctions for this problem.  I try to put $y(x)=x^r$ and plug it in the equation, then we obtain the characteristic equation  $$ r^2 + \lambda = 0 $$  In the case $\lambda > 0$ we put $\lambda = \alpha^2$ where $\alpha \in \mathbb{R}^\star_+$. Then the characteristic equation is  $$ r^2 + \lambda = 0 $$  Case 1. If $\lambda > 0$ We put $\lambda = \alpha^2$ where $\alpha \in \mathbb{R}^\star_+$.  Then the general solution of the equation is  $$ y(x)=C_1 \cos(\alpha\, x)+ C_2 \sin(\alpha\, x). $$  We have $y(1)=0 => C_1=0$ and $y(e)=0 => C_2 \sin(\alpha\, e)=0$  $\sin(\alpha\, e)=0 => \alpha\, e = \pi + 2\, k\, \pi, \ k \in \mathbb{Z}^\star$  Then the eigenvalues are $\lambda= \alpha^2$ where $\alpha= \dfrac{\pi}{e}+ \dfrac{2\,k\,\pi}{e}$ My solution is correct?


I'm travelling to Bangkok on 4th May. My return flight is on 12th May evening. On 8th May I'm travelling to Bali and back to Bangkok on 11th May. Can I get transit visa or do I have to again apply for VOA.


An abelian group proof with $g*g=e$ for all $g$.

I have to show that the following group $$ (G, * , e) $$ with its operation $*$, which is defined through $ g*g = e$  for every $g \in G $ is an abelian group. In order to do that one have only to show that the group is commutative. How can one prove it whereas the operation is defined always between an Element and itself? I reckon it is not so simple as it seems Thanks in advance for your help :)


Maybe my question sounds naive because I'm not a game developer but I dont see objective reasons for this. An average cpu is in times more powerful than an average gpu like a few graphics cards in one. The most repeated reasons in internet:  the GPU isn't as busy as the CPU  If the gpu renders the screen how it can not be busy The modern cpus are powerful enough. They are not busy most of time. For example my cpu's usage is 3%.  many GPU's are designed to process graphics commands in parallel, CPU single threads them  What bothers the games to run a few parallel processes even on one cpu core? In my opinion its not correct to tell that the gpu is better if games never use 100% of the cpu's capacity. To be specific they dont use even 50%.  To clarify my question based on responses in the comments:  Did you mean to ask "Why do games render more slowly on the CPU?"  Yes I mean why the cpu cant do the whole work for games when it is underloaded and especially if it does the largest part of work in any case.  You can not compare GPUs and CPUs directly, because they do different things.  What bothers them to do the same things?  The CPU isn't as well suited to performing rendering calculations  I dont understand what "suited" means. And why the cpu is not suitable for primitive tasks aka paint roller.  adding additional parallel processes doesn't improve performance  Then why do you produce multicore graphics cards and multicore central processing units? Just give various parts of one task to a few processes if one process is slow and 100% of the capacity is not used. What bothers to emulate the gpu? Its also unclear for me why when you play without a separate graphics module the games see only one cpu core when you play with the gpu they see and use all the cpu cores. May be some magic.


How do I determine if an array is initialized in VB6?

Passing an undimensioned array to the VB6's Ubound function will cause an error, so I want to check if it has been dimensioned yet before attempting to check its upper bound.  How do I do this?


Tcolorbox - setting linkcolor and citecolor at the same time

I am trying to program a custom command which uses tcolorbox and I can't seem to set two options for fonttitle. I tried it in two different ways and none seems to work. You will find the difference in all of these if you scroll all to the right - look at the very end of the longest line.  This command doesn't work:  \newcommand{\vprasanje}[4]{ \begin{tcolorbox}[breakable,left=5mm,right=5mm,top=5mm,bottom=5mm,toptitle=0mm,bottomtitle=0mm,lefttitle=0mm,righttitle=0mm,boxrule=0.15mm,arc=0.25mm,colback=headcolor!2!white,colframe=headcolor!100!white,title=\refstepcounter{zap_stevilka_vprasanja}\label{#1}{\underline{\makebox[\textwidth]{\textbf{\glava \faBookmark~\arabic{zap_stevilka_vprasanja}:}~\textit{"{#2}"}\hfill\vphantom{Žg}}}}\newline{\makebox[\textwidth]{\hfill{\scriptsize \glava \faGraduationCap \uppercase{\textbf{Viri}}:~~\textit{#3}}}},fonttitle=\hypersetup{linkcolor=white},fonttitle=\hypersetup{urlcolor=white}] #4 \end{tcolorbox} }   This one doesn't either:   \newcommand{\vprasanje}[4]{ \begin{tcolorbox}[breakable,left=5mm,right=5mm,top=5mm,bottom=5mm,toptitle=0mm,bottomtitle=0mm,lefttitle=0mm,righttitle=0mm,boxrule=0.15mm,arc=0.25mm,colback=headcolor!2!white,colframe=headcolor!100!white,title=\refstepcounter{zap_stevilka_vprasanja}\label{#1}{\underline{\makebox[\textwidth]{\textbf{\glava \faBookmark~\arabic{zap_stevilka_vprasanja}:}~\textit{"{#2}"}\hfill\vphantom{Žg}}}}\newline{\makebox[\textwidth]{\hfill{\scriptsize \glava \faGraduationCap \uppercase{\textbf{Viri}}:~~\textit{#3}}}},fonttitle=\hypersetup{linkcolor=white,urlcolor=white}] #4 \end{tcolorbox} }   But this one does!  \newcommand{\vprasanje}[4]{ \begin{tcolorbox}[breakable,left=5mm,right=5mm,top=5mm,bottom=5mm,toptitle=0mm,bottomtitle=0mm,lefttitle=0mm,righttitle=0mm,boxrule=0.15mm,arc=0.25mm,colback=headcolor!2!white,colframe=headcolor!100!white,title=\refstepcounter{zap_stevilka_vprasanja}\label{#1}{\underline{\makebox[\textwidth]{\textbf{\glava \faBookmark~\arabic{zap_stevilka_vprasanja}:}~\textit{"{#2}"}\hfill\vphantom{Žg}}}}\newline{\makebox[\textwidth]{\hfill{\scriptsize \glava \faGraduationCap \uppercase{\textbf{Viri}}:~~\textit{#3}}}},fonttitle=\hypersetup{linkcolor=white,urlcolor=white}] #4 \end{tcolorbox} }   So is it impossible to change colors of url's and links at the same time?


Finding the height of a regular tetrahedron

The length of an edge of a regular tetrahedron is $8cm$. Find the total area of surfaces and the volume   I've been able to find the area of all surfaces, which is $(4\times27.713) cm^2$ but I'm not able to find the volume.     There's no height given. How can I derive the height?


How to use graphical line drawing characters with Midnight Commander on OS X under ssh?

I discovered that when I do ssh to a machine using OS X 10.6 and use mc I do not see the .  This does not happen if I open terminal and start mc.  I'm connecting using putty configured to use xterm-color, configuraton that works just fine if I do ssh to a linux machine.  The mc from  OS X is version 4.7.0 (installed using macports).  What locale returns:   LC_CTYPE="C" <== ssh LC_CTYPE="UTF-8" <== Terminal.app    ssh: mc > display bits shows: 7-bit ASCII (changing does not help, it defaults to the same value) Terminal.app: mc > display bits shows: UTF-8  The environment shows TERM=xterm-color in both cases Terminal.app and ss but mc looks different.  I filed a bug to mc with this information at


App Store Updates does not renders correctly in High Sierra

It has been around a week that my Updates tab in the App Store looks like this:  All the other tabs are looking normal. The only thing I tried was a restart, the iMac does not have any other weird behaviour. Here are my details, serial hidden for privacy:  Thank you.


Changing background color without affecting objects in a scene

I need to render a sort of a mask of the objects animation, where the background is solid black and the object is solid white. However when I try to change the background color, the object changes color aswell. I am setting the color in World properties -> Surface -> Color.     Is there any other option to change the background color, whilst preserving the color of the object? Or are the shading settings at fault here? Is there any way to entirely turn off the shading?     I would like this object to be completely white without any shading


I'm looking to find a free program that allows me to edit my images.  The ones I have used so far are very limited, so if you have any ideas please let me know.


Potential gravitational energy versus potential spring energy

My textbook points out the following predicament, and I do not know the answer, despite a lot of thinking:  A spring is hanging of a ceiling and a mass is attached. As a result the spring descends to a lower equilibrium point, crossing (vertical) distance $x$ .  The potential gravitational energy of the mass was $mgx$ . Once at the new equilibrium point, this $mgx$  is now $0$ .  The spring's potential energy is $\frac{1}{2}kx^2$ . However, we know that in this scenario $kx=mg$ , as it was gravity that provided the force.  Thus the spring's potential energy, which is actually $\frac{1}{2}kx^2$ , can be rewritten as $\frac{1}{2}mgx$ .  How come that only half of the original potential gravitational energy was converted into the spring's potential energy? Where did the other half go? Was the law of conservation of energy broken?  (the above was translated to the best of my abilities: I hope it is as clear as in the original!)


Either Pronunciation is OK? or not OK? My wife is learning English and she came up with the “either problem”. What to reply? I had always used both pronunciations but in a specific way and seem to remember being taught that way. However, when I went to check this on the net this did not seem to be the case until I saw the comment posted below which was originally posted on this site. This fits with my usage. My Question; Are we correct? is this just an old rule that has become forgot with time? P.S. I am from the UK, Midlands. Original post: I found that I tend to use "eye-ther" before words beginning with a consonant sound and "ee-ther" before words beginning with a vowel sound. The same applies when I use neither. E.g. "eye-ther this or that", "eye-ther him or her", "ee-ther a pineapple or a grape", "ee-ther orange or black"


How to re-organise messy uvs on texture image

I have imported a glTF model of coral reef. It is good but has a huge polycount. I have a created a low poly copy but when I look at the uvs and texture image of the high poly import the uvs on the texture image are disjointed.  This is the high poly model    This is the image texture for that model   If I want to change the colour or quality of a portion of the model, it is almost impossible to do it because the uvs are not organised together to make changes to the image texture easy (in an external photo editor)  Say I want to change this portion of the model  the corresponding uvs are arranged in the image like this   Is there a workflow that will re-arrange the uvs more stragetically so I can make improvements to the quality of the image and then apply it to the low poly mesh.  many thanks  RichardC  *****UPDATE*****  I have found an acceptable solution, particularly based on Arthur's advise below.   I baked the texture image from the high poly to the low poly mesh. The secret is to UV unwrap 'Projected from View' having positioned the high poly mesh at the correct perspective/angle. The results as follows.  The low poly model in object view (right) and the new image baked from the high poly mesh:    The low poly model in edit mode with vertices selected (right) and those vertices shown on the new texture image (left).  This now makes alteration in a specific area of the image easier to identify in an external photo editor.


Passive use of "mete" without the accompanying "out"

Given the sentence:  It is no surprise that his loyal lapdog will be meted a similar fate.  Can the above be considered correct use of the word "mete", and is the overall grammar of the sentence valid?


When I do queen walk I take 2 or 3 healers with me and first thing, I put the queen and attach healers to her. But sometimes healers leave the queen and follow BK or giants, and that sucks. I want healers to be on the queen throughout. What things should I take care of for that. I like surrounding queen with archers, although healers dont go for archers, but once they did. How can I avoid that.   May be queen on one side and giants and BK from other side. Nowhere near queen, right? How about archers, is it safe to surround queen with archers and barbs?  In general case, if i drop 2 giants on each corner of a side on a village and put one healer right in the middle, how does healer choose where to go? Do they have prefernce too, healing the one with higher hitpoints or something?


"New York is a great place to live." (no preposition?)

New York is a great place to live. New York is a great place to live in.  I've seen the former usage a lot and I've started wondering what the grammar aspects of it are. The main question I'm asking involves the grammar when the preposition in the end of the sentence is deleted. Is it equally formal or correct to omit it? What are the grammar properties of this? Some more examples of similar usage:  This organisation is a great place to work. This is a great place to stay/sit/study/travel/go.  Just to show that 'live' isn't special in this case. Note: I'd posted the same question  before, but the answers were not satisfying enough (the answers there did not seem to provide the precise grammar aspects of this, those that could be in a serious grammar book), so I'm posting this here to get some more views on the question. I hope it is acceptable.


My laptop is INSPIRON 1545 with the following configurations   2GB ram 250GB hard disk Intel® Core™2 Duo CPU T6400 @ 2.00GHz × 2    I installed ubuntu 16.04 last month but it was quite laggy on my laptop. I really want to use use it. i am currently using solus which is good but is there a way to use ubuntu on my laptop without it lagging?


I'd like a program which could zip up all of my addons in firefox so i can just move it to a new computer and walah install the same extensions/addons with one click. i know this is already developed because i've used it before however i can't remember the name to it.  thanks for the help!


Let $R$ be a finite ring (that does not necessarily contain the identity) such that more than three fourth of its elements are idempotents. Then show that $R$ must be commutative.   If $R$ is a ring with 1 then this case I have proved, but without assuming the existence of it how can it be shown?


Claim: A number is divisible by $4$ if and only if the number formed by the last two digits is divisible by $4$.   Here's where I've gotten so far.  Let $x$ be an $(n+1)$-digit number. So $x= a_na_{n-1} \dots a_2a_1a_0$. If $a_1 = 0$ and $a_0 =0$, then $x$ is a multiple of $100$ and therefore clearly divisible by $4$. So we must deal with the case when $(a_1 \neq 0 \lor a_0 \neq 0)$.  Then if $10a_1 + a_0 \equiv 0 \mod 4$ is true, then $x$ is divisible by $4$.  Do I need to do anything else or is this done? I feel like it's not quite complete, but I'm not sure how to proceed.


Name that nuclear holocaust survival book

I've been racking my head trying to find the name of this book.  It's about this girl surviving in a rural valley in after nuclear war of some sort. She's the only one that is left alive... and then she starts seeing this campfire smoke on the horizon, moving closer each day...  It's set in a fairly 'contemporary' time, late 80's or 90's maybe. In what I would suppose was meant to be rural America. The girls family are partially alive at the start I believe, some died really early due to being caught up directly in the radiation, others die as they ventured out for help/supplies.  Here's a bit more about how the story ends... but it's a bit spoilery of course...      so the campfire is a guy, a single guy, coming this way because he's seen the birds over this valley. He's survived, as he has a radiation proof suit, just the one of course. His plan is simple maths, one man, one woman... She, being rather young, has other ideas. When he first arrives he had dived into a stream thinking it must be safe, not realising that this stream comes form outside the valley and is thus not safe, she knew this and didn't stop him. She works on nursing him back to health, but know what his plans are, she runs away one night, choosing the risk of being alone than with him.


I use Xubuntu. When I plug in my USB, I can simply mount and open it by clicking on its icon, but when I want to mount it from the command line, it needs root permission.   Why? And how can I mount my USB (the command line) without root permission? I can't put it in /etc/fstab, because it needs root permission.    Note: I don't want to mount an ISO file. My question was marked as duplicated but the target question had no valid answer. If you want to flag as duplicated, please first check the target question, and then add the duplicated flag. Thanks.


What is the meaning of public static void main(String[] args)?

public static void main(String[] args){  }   what is the difference between public static void main(String[] args) and public static void main(String args[])


Show that a simple inequality holds: $a<b$ implies $\frac ab < \frac{a+1}{b+1}$

I'm trying to show that $\dfrac{a}{b} < \dfrac{a + 1}{b + 1}$ given $a < b$ and $b$ is positive.  Ideas?


Oracle Replace function using a dictionary

I am trying to implement a simple conversion logic to clean up data on huge oracle table  using nested replace function like below ,the rules are simple for now say   LKP_TABLE ----------- LTD  ----> LIMITED COMP ----> COMPANY  SELECT REPLACE (REPLACE ( UPPER ('This is AA LTD_COMP') ,'LTD', 'LIMITED'),'COMP','COMPANY') from dual  --output : THIS IS AN AA LIMITED_COMPANY   But in future this can be a long list and I was wondering if there is any solution other than nested replace function. TRANSLATE function can replace only specific characters only.  Note : I have restrictions in creating a custom PL/SQL functions


JavaScript Functions that return function

I was solving a puzzle on JS and I found this code:  var xx = (function () {     var e = 0;     return function () { return e++ } })();   It was asked what will be the value of xx.  I've googled about funcitons that return function, but could not find anything helpful, I'm not pretty familiar with functions that return function. Please help.


How do I write a function that has a double colon in a string without my current directory showing up in the string?

function awsl {   echo "arg: $1"   prfx='arn:aws:sts::'   pstfx="$1:assumed-role/FOO/justin@bar.com"   role="$prfx$pstfx"   echo "role $role"   saml2aws login --force --profile=default --role=$role }  $ awsl 414204160037   arg: 414204160037 awsl:4: no such file or directory: arn:aws:sts::$1:assumed-role/FOO/justin@bar.com=arn:aws:sts::/Users/justin.collum/work/stp-flow/v1/414204160037ssumed-role/FOO/justin@bar.com role arn:aws:sts::$1:assumed-role/FOO/justin@bar.com   /Users/justin.collum/work/stp-flow/v1/ is my current directory. I don't want it in that string. I thought splitting it up into two strings, one not interpolated, would do it. Tried escaping the :: with :: but that didn't work either.   Zshell on OSX.


How and when should I tell my son that his amazing father isn't his biological father?

My son is going on 5 and starting to learn a lot about how we're created. I've been with my husband for 10 years, but nearly 6 years ago I had no other choice but to move 1000 miles away and after trying the long distance thing it didn't work so we split up.   I ended up going through a rough patch and started dating an abusive jerk. After a year I was pregnant. He threatened me trying to force me to have an abortion and I refused. His grandmother was chief of police and he scared me into moving back to Florida.  Eventually, when I was 4 months along in my pregnancy my husband and I picked up right where we left off. He loved me so much and accepted our son as if he was his own and has done an amazing job at raising him.   He enrolled in college while I was pregnant, got us a house and went above and beyond to care for us both (as after giving birth I became very ill due to rare brain and spine conditions). I've always tried to do right by my son. Since day one, even while with my husband, I tried to keep the sperm donor involved. But he wanted no part of his son.  My husband stepped up when the biological father refused. The biological father would pretend that he cared, only to tell me he never cared about him anyway and was just trying to manipulate me into stopping child support (which I did anyway after the first year: I felt it wasn't right to take his money when my son had a dad who loved, supported and wanted him from the beginning).  This is a very long story so I'll try and make it not so much of a novel. The sperm donor has made it very clear he wants nothing ever to do with my son. My husband has been Dad since the moment my son entered this world. I've always planned to tell my son as early as possible. I think now, or in a few years, it won't be as hard on him compared to us telling him when he's a teen and who knows how he'd handle it.   I just don't know what to do. We have an extremely happy loving family. My son adores his dad. We never argue, we have a very happy non-dysfunctional marriage. I just feel we have a very special family. But I refuse to lie to my son. What if we wait and someone else maliciously tells him? Or if, when he's older and finds out, he spirals out of control?  I'm so confused, I just want to do the right thing and desperately need advice. Especially from others who have been through similar circumstances. We're planning on meeting with therapists and I guess child development specialists, if someone could also point me in the right direction for what type of doctor is best suited in this situation.   Also my son is very happy. He has a wonderful life and I feel as if he would do fine, knowing how much he loves his dad and just beginning to really grasp the concept of life. I don't think it would change anything for him, if that makes sense. I've been worrying over this for 5 years and really need some answers!


Does invertible monotone transformation of a confidence interval give you a confidence interval (at the same level) in the transformed space?

Suppose   $$ (a,b) $$   is a $(1-\alpha)$ level confidence interval for a parameter $\theta$. Suppose $\eta$ is a monotone invertible transformation. Then, is   $$ \left (\eta(a), \eta(b) \right ) $$   a $(1-\alpha)$ level confidence interval for $\eta(\theta)$? Assume the parameter and the confidence interval endpoints are all real numbers.   The answer seems intuitively to be "Yes" for similar reasons to why you can transform random variables do things like, if $Y = g(X)$, then  $$ P( Y \leq y ) = P( g(X) \leq y ) = P(X \leq g^{-1}(y) ) $$   Might also be related to the continuous mapping theorem, as applied to MLEs.   This is not homework and is coming up in the context of whether or not I can nake a 95% for the log odds, then back-transform it and call it a 95% for the probability.   Thanks


My question is simple:  Is the category of profinite groups an accessible category?  Thank you