How does lookup in $PATH work under the hood?

There're way too many articles/resources on the web that teaches people HOW to set the environment variable PATH so that they can use the short hand of java or python etc instead of the absolute path in command line interface.  What I'm interested to know is that what's behind the scene when we type in the command and hit enter (similar to ).  Here is my guess:   read the command (parse/preprocess stdin to get the right arguments $@) command lookup command execution (program started, consume memory, stdout/stderr to shell) re-render the emulator by relevant environment variables (e.g. $PS#, $PROMPT, etc)   The part I want to figure out most is the command lookup. Obviously, the $PATH is consumed by some background function and separated by : / ;as delimiters, then what happened? Do we use a hash table (key: basename of the file, value: absolute dirname of the file) to store the binary files under those PATHs, or some other hooks?   NOTE: I originally thought it was hash table as I can use [ -z hash [command] ] to check if a command is available in current env, but when I use hash | grep python I get nothing from the output while which python works as anticipated. (I think the mechanism might be shell specific, but I want to get more insights into it.)


One word for a person who pretends to be nice to someone's face but makes fun of them behind their back

What is the exact word for someone who always pretends to be nice to someone's face but makes fun of them behind their back?  Even when he/she is talking to you he/she will treat you very good like a good-mannered person.   He/she very much cares about his/her image in front of everyone like a celebrity wants to show a positive image of himself/herself in front of audience. But they are not actually good from heart.  Any word except hypocrite.


Unusual placing of a second impression of a USA visa immigration stamp. Does it mean anything?

My parents traveled to the USA a couple of weeks ago (Caracas - Miami). It wasn't their first time; they've probably come and gone a dozen times by now, and they've never had a single issue. This time, the immigration guy was kind of pompous and, once they told him they weren't staying at a hotel but with some friends, he began looking at them somewhat funny. Finally, he stamped their passports (normally, with entry date and a 6-month term of stay) but he put an additional stamp, one that no one they asked had seen before:    It seems to be the same usual entry stamp, but cut in half. What does it mean? Should we be concerned?


How to mount a remote (over SSH) directory to be available like a local directory (incl. in shell, not just in Gnome)?

I've got my files (mostly text/code, nothing of heavy like videos etc.) in a directory on a remote server which I can only access by means of SSH. Can I mount it on my laptop to use it seamlessly from all the applications (incl command-line ones)?


How to prove that if $a$ belongs to $\mathbb R$, such that $0\leq a \leq\epsilon$, then $a = 0$

I am taking a real analysis course. I have the following statement:     Prove that if  $a$ belongs to $\mathbb R$,  such that  $0\leq a <  \epsilon$, for all $\epsilon > 0$, then $a = 0$   I know how to prove it (using contradiction). Now, I was wondering, how I prove almost the same thing:     Prove that if  $a$ belongs to $\mathbb R$,  such that  $0\leq a \leq \epsilon$ for all $\epsilon > 0$, then $a = 0$   Can someone show me how to do it? I am stuck with the equality to show a contradiction.  Note: this is not homework, just for my own knowledge.


If $X^*$ is separable $\space \implies X$ is separable.In which conditions the opposite direction is true?

If $X^*$ is separable space with norm then $X$ is separable. The opposite direction is not true since $\ell^1$ is separable but $\ell^\infty$ is not. Any conditions to make sure that if $X$ is separable then $X^*$ is also separable?


Why shift-cmd-n fails as a custom shortcut for Firefox "New Private Window"?

I created the shiftcommandn shortcut for Firefox in Syst Prefs to match other browsers' behavior.     It registers in the Firefox Menubar.     But pressing the shortcut opens a new non-private window, and it loads there the first item in my "Top Sites".   I imagine I could create another shortcut to override this behavior, but what is this behavior? I don't see anything highlighted in the Firefox Menubar when I hit the shortcut. Or might there be another solution (other than using a different shortcut to open new private windows)?   Problem exists on both Mojave and High Sierra. Default Firefox shortcut (shiftcommandp) still opens a new private window.


Can a (stapler) PhD thesis comprise multiple unrelated papers?

Traditionally, a thesis is assimilated to a monograph and comprises a unified body of work. However, with "stapler" theses becoming more common, I'd like to know if a thesis is allowed to comprise multiple unrelated projects.    To make the question more regional, assume that the country is Germany and that the subject is mathematics.  Indeed for the first few years, I have been working on several projects that had as outputs papers that are completely unrelated (except for the fact that they fall within the same broad subarea of mathematics -- really, one of those listed in the arxiv math section: ).


Opportunity StageName metadata retrieve in API 39

I was trying to migrate some standard fields like Account Type, Opportunity Type and Opportunity StageName with Migration Tool with API version 39.0 but am i don't see any pick list values in Metadata (Now named as ValueSet) for only Standard pick list fields.   Even i cross checked in IDE for the object,i dont see any values for those pick lists, is it known issue from Salesforce?


Evaluate: $\int_{0}^{\pi}\frac{\cos 2017x}{5-4\cos x}dx$

Evaluate:  $\int\limits_{0}^{\pi}\dfrac{\cos 2017x}{5-4\cos x}~dx$  I thought of using some series but could not get it


The question is self-explanatory, why does the integral of  $$x^x$$does not exist? Can someone give a proof or reason?


How to convert decimal to hexadecimal in JavaScript

How do you convert decimal values to their hexadecimal equivalent in JavaScript?


Finding a 4th point in 3D space knowing 3 other points and 2 distances to the 4th point from them

I have 3 points in space A, B, and C all with (x,y,z) coordinates, therefore I know the distances between all these points. I wish to find point D(x,y,z) and I know the distances BD and CD, I do NOT know AD.  The method I have attempted to solve this using is first saying that there are two spheres known on points B and C with radius r (distance to point D). The third sphere is found by setting the law of cosines equal to the formula for distance between two vectors ((V1*V2)/(|V1||V2|)) = ((a^2+b^2-c^2)/2ab).   Now point D should be the intersection of these three spheres, but I have not been able to calculate this or find a way to. I either need help finding point D and I can give numeric points for an example, or I need to know if I need more information to solve (another point with a distance to D known).  Ok, now assuming that distance AD is known, how do I calculate point D?


Background process of subshell strange behaviour

I wonder why some similar bash commands behave the way they do.  I have a bash script foo:  #!/usr/bin/env bash  while true do     echo "reading"     read data     echo $data     echo "stderr msg" >&2     sleep 1 done   It's an infinite loop which reads one line at a time from stdin and outputs that same line. I also have a bash script bar:  #!/usr/bin/env bash  ./foo &   The following commands were run in bash (v. 4.4.19) in a terminal on Ubuntu 18.04 (let's assume the scripts reside in the working directory):   ./foo &   Stops when it tries to read from stdin, in accordance with . Killed when controlling terminal is killed, as expected.  (./foo &)   Appears to be automagically continuously fed with new input from stdin. Shouldn't it too stop when attempting to read from stdin? Whatever it's getting it doesn't show when echoed, thus I'm guessing it's EOF characters.  Continues running even after the controlling terminal is killed. Looking at the output of ps, the controlling terminal changes from pts/x to ?. How did this happen without the use of either disown or nohup? (However, after killing the originally controlling terminal, it yields a "write error: Input/output error" on every write, which I suppose is because its stdout was tied to the now closed terminal. Correct?)  bash -c "./foo &"  Appears to behave exactly like 2). ./bar  Appears to behave exactly like 2) and 3). Adding bash -c "~/foo" (no &) as a startup application  Behaves similarly to 2), 3) and 4), with the differences:   Its controlling terminal is the desktop ttyx. You can't (can you?) kill its controlling terminal.   None of those differences seem odd to me, just the fact that it's continuously fed with new input.   My guess is that 2) - 5) all use a subshell of sorts whose stdin is redirected to something like /dev/null, though I'm very unsure and seek a more exact answer.


Prove that $Z(G)$ which is the center of $G$ is a subgroup of $G$

Question: Let $G$ be a group. Prove that $Z(G)$ is a subgroup of $G$.   If I want to show that $Z(G)$ is a subgroup of $G$ that means I have to show that it is closed under group operation?  Here is my attempt.   Let $a,b$ be elements in $Z(G)$ and $x$ be an element in $G$. Then $ax=xa$ which is under group multiplication commutative and under inverse $(a^{-1}) x=x(a^{-1})$. And hence $(a^{-1})bx= (a^{-1})xb=x (a^{-1})b$ which is under group operation so $(a^{-1}),b$ are elements in $Z(G)$ thus a subgroup of $G$.  Really appreciate if anyone can help me by directing me if my attempt is not good. Thanks in advance.


I have a webform, that the user can fill out. After the user clicks on the "submit" button, a new node should be created with the content the user typed in (text, images, ...). The form itself should be multi-step (first page = personal data, second page = content, etc.). I'm not sure if I can use the regular node creation, because I would need to   customize the form the form should be multi-step   Is this possible?


I was wandering whether time really "exists" or is it just a mathematical parameter used to describe how things change.


Non-Parametric ANOVA: Repeated Measures with Replication

I'm struggling to find out which ANOVA test to use when you have a non-normal data set with repeated measures AND replication.    I'm doing my data analysis in R and the Friedman test friedman.test() method says it is only suitable for un-replicated data. Is there a way I can twist my data to fit the test?  To be specific: I have put each subject through 4 different treatments (repeated measure) three times each (replication). I want to look for significant differences between the treatments.  My empty data table is structured like this:  SubjectID | Treatment1 | Treatment2 | Treatment3 | Treatment4 <br> 1  1  1  2  2  2    etc....  Any pointers to the right test would be really appriciated!


Choose dissertation topic for masters in computer science

I am pursuing my masters in CS and I have to come up with the dissertation topic on my own. It's very confusing to me and I am not able to come to any conclusion as to how to narrow down to specific topic in cloud computing(want to do my dissertation in this) . I know basics of cloud computing.   What can I do that will help me in narrowing down to a specific topic. My university requires me to come up with the topic and I am thinking about doing phd so I want to get my hands on research to see if I will be a good fit in phd.   My university does not have good professors who have done some good research work, so I am on my own. Can someone please help me in this situation.


What is a synonym for "childless" but less negative?

I'm writing a bullet list of traits for people to review so that they can self-select whether they fit into a certain group.  What I have right now looks like this:   Male  35-39 years old  Highly-educated  In a committed relationship  Childless  Athletic, fit   But "Childless" feels problematic. It may have a provocative feel to it, and it focuses on the absence of children almost as if I (or society) expects men to have children. I'd rather describe a trait in positive terms.  Is there a word (or phrase of 4 words or less) that can serve as an adjective meaning simply (and without negative connotation or judgment) that he hasn't fathered any kids?    When I search thesauruses (e.g. ), the suggestions are even worse than "childless". They include words such as: sterile, barren, infertile, unproductive, impotent, arid, bereaved. None of those are appropriate.  If I'm being overly cautious, and enough answerers say that "childless" meets my requirements, then that will be interesting for me to hear, too.  P.S. I've used the "single-word-requests" tag because I'm looking for suggestions of one word (or small phrase), and I've researched several thesauruses, and I've provided context.


Running both 32 and 64 bit version of Internet Explorer 11 on Windows 7

I need to be able to select which version of IE11 I run (32 or 64 bit) on my 64-bit Windows 7.  I've tried running it from "Program Files" and "Program Files (x86)", but the "bittnes" is always the same. If Enhanced Protected Mode is enabled IE always runs in 64-bit, if it is disabled IE will always run in 32-bit mode.


How to recover data from overwritten NTFS partition?

I downloaded Ubuntu 14.04 and installed it via a bootable USB drive.  I wanted dual-boot for Windows and Linux.  I already had installed Windows 8 in C: partition. Now I installed Ubuntu in D: partition (with F: partition as swap area)  I'm unable to access D: and F: drives from Windows.  What do I do now?  I have my very important files in F: drive. How to recover or access it?  Please help me. Thanks :)


Let $X$ be a Banach space for which there exists a constant $\beta<\infty$ such that for every finite-dimensional subspace $B$ of $X$ , $d(B,\ell_2^n)\le\beta$ (where $\dim B=n$). Then $X$ is isomorphic to a Hilbert space.  $d(B,\ell_2^n):$ Banach-Mazur distance  $\ell_2^n=(\mathbb{R}^n,||\cdot||_2)$   Any hints would be appreciated.


Controlling the Author name field in the Bibliography

I have been using Overleaf combined with a Mendeley web importer to create a References.bib file.  I didn't pay much attention because I thought it did what I wanted.  Now I need to make some corrections to my Bibliography.  I can sort out all the missing Journal names and such like but I decided that I'd like to change the lay out of the names.  I have a piece in my Reference.bib file which looks like this.    \parencite(McDonald2015Mass-lossClusters) generates      (McDonald and Zijlstra, 2015)    in my text but my Bibliography output comes out like this:  [  I think that the main thing is that my Bibliography is consistent, but I see from other papers that the most common Bibliography author name convention would give      McDonald I., Zijlstra A.A., 2015...   Up until now I just relied on the Mendeley wizard to sort my Reference.bib file out for me but I am thinking about downloading it and changing the author field to in notepad, and then re-uploading it, but I don't know what format the author field should like.  I want \parencite() to generate     (surname and surname, year)    in the text and     surname initial., surname initial. initial., year   in the bibliography.    Is it just a case of changing the layout of the author field, if so to what?   Thank you!  Edit:  If I amended the author field to this, would \parencite{} generate     (McDonald and Zijlstra, year)    in the text and     Mcdonald I., Zijlstra A.A., Year   in the bibliography?     author = {McDonald, I and Zijlstra, A. A.},


Creating an array from inside a class method for object to use

Goal: create an array from an 'if statement' that I can use for my object.  Here is the code. I want to use the method laneChoice() to determine which array to create, I plan on using more 'else if' statements. but for the time being, I keep getting a NullPointerException Which i assume that the reason being that private String[] Matchup is not updating?      private String[] Matchup;   .  public class ChampionAnalysis {     private String lane;     private int aggression;     private String tankOrDps;     private String damageType;     private int mechanics;     private String champion=null;     private String[] Matchup;      public ChampionAnalysis(String lane, int aggression, String tankOrDps, String damageType, int mechanics) {         this.lane = lane;         this.aggression = aggression;         this.tankOrDps = tankOrDps;         this.damageType = damageType;         this.mechanics = mechanics;      }      public String[] laneChoice(){         if(lane.equals("TOP")){             String[] Matchup = new String[] {"Aatrox", "Camille","Cho'Gath","Darius","Dr.Mundo","Galio","Garen","Gnar"                     ,"Hecarim","Illaoi","Jarvan IV","Kled","Malphite", "Maokai","Nasus","Nautilus","Olaf"                     ,"Poppy","Renekton","Shen","Shyvana","Singed","Sion","Trundle","Udyr","Vladimir","Volibear"                     ,"Wukong","Yorick","Zac"};          }             return Matchup;      }      public String toString(){         return (Matchup[1]);     }


Covariance of two independent random variables isnt it zero?

We are given random variables X and Y independent and uniform on the interval [0,10]. Now I want to calculate Covariance of X and Y given that $X+Y<10$.   But isnt because of independence the covariance just zero?


Command to create a screenshot of a specific area of the desktop

Is there a command which can take a screenshot of a specific area of the desktop? I use Ubuntu. Thanks for every answer.


Questions overlapping with left nav in every sub-tab under the 'Questions' tab

This seems to be happening on every SE site whenever I visit the "Questions" tab [on Chrome]: :   :  And basically every other site in the network... This happens in every sub-tab under the "Questions" tab:


Probably a very simple question but my research hasn't turned up an answer...  I have a flat plane, comprised of two faces (A Rectangle with a line down the middle separating each face).  How do I split the faces so I have eight even-sized faces on the flat-plane rectangle?  Much appreciated.


Why is this thing true  $$\{\{\varnothing\}\}\subset\{\varnothing,\{\varnothing\}\}$$  I'm trying to underestand, but I need an explanation.


What is the benefit (rep?) to someone who votes to close a question?

What is the benefit (rep?) if any to someone who votes to close a question? Is that benefit still there at all if the vote is wrong?


What is the best way to load XML from a byte array or string with a document specification, as obtained from an OpenDocument ODT file?

(NB: the original question title was: What is the best way to load XML from a string with a document specification?)  I need to get the XML content from an ODT opendocument (LibreOffice) file in an XmlDocument object. The ODT is a zip archive and I managed to get the content.xml part as a byte array. Converting to a string seems simple, but I was surprised to find that XmlDocument.LoadXml(string) does not accept a string that starts with an Xml document specification line, like:  <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <Offices id="0" enabled="false">   <office /> </Offices>   The exception is: Data at the root level is invalid. Line 1, position 1  I wonder if there is a library call to read such a string?  For now I use this function I improvised, but it feels unnecessarily complex to have to do stuff on the character level when handling xml documents:      /// <summary>     /// Convert an Xml document in a string, including document specification line(s),     /// to an XmlDocument object     /// </summary>     /// <param name="XmlString"></param>     /// <returns></returns>     public static XmlDocument LoadXmlString(string XmlString)     {         XmlDocument XmlDoc = new XmlDocument();         XmlDoc.LoadXml(XmlString.Substring(XmlString.LastIndexOf("?>") + 2));         return XmlDoc;     }   Is there a better way?  NB: I refer to   but this addresses the problem of parsing a string, with the solution of converting the string to a byte array, while I should not be parsing the string, and not convert the byte array to string to begin with, but just skip this step and directly parse the byte array after unzipping the ODT.


How do I proceed with the following message from the terminal? See details

I sometimes encounter this message when I input some commands in the terminal.  Fontconfig warning: "/etc/fonts/conf.d/50-user.conf", line 14: reading configurations from ~/.fonts.conf is deprecated. please move it to /home/ethiojob/.config/fontconfig/fonts.conf manually   What's the message about, and how do I fix it so that it doesn't appear again?  I'm not sure if I should simply cut out the 14th line and paste it in the second file, or cut-paste the whole file together.


Name of fantasy film from the early 80s or late 70s with an elf and villain wearing metal helmet?

I am trying to find the name of a fantasy film from the late 70s or early 80s. There was a hero, and there was an elf, and a villain who had a metal helmet with a patch over it that covered one eye. At the end of the film the helmet comes off to reveal the eye is burnt or scarred or missing (cant remember exactly which). I think that also at the end of the film it is revealed that the hero and the villain are related (brothers I think). I cannot remember any other details. Does anyone know the name of this film?


Is there some way to prevent any and all restarts? Not just from Windows Update?

I am running a critical research program on a Windows 7 PC that needs to run uninterrupted for several months. I have had to re-initialize the entire experiment several time due to unexpected restart. Windows Update is disabled, and I have removed automatic updating from all background programs that have an option for it, but I am still getting restarts at random intervals that completely destroy my experiment.   Is there some way to prevent any and all restart requests?


I want donot have page number in the top and bottom of the pages

I want to remove the number pages from the file. How can I do? Please help me.


Where should I ask a question about where should I ask a question?

I have a question and I'm not sure which site it should be asked on (or perhaps SE doesn't have a site for it).  Where should I ask about where should I ask it? Here? Area 51? Somewhere else altogether?  As an example, the question in question is where should I ask a question about phones, not pertaining to a specific OS?  If this is not the right place to ask this question, please let me know. This is my first meta question.


How to detect a item in mainhand on MCPE using command block

I need to know how to have a command block detect shears when they are in mainhand and the shears are renamed to Jetpack.


In Blender The GPU-Compute button is greyed out. I have a fully updated system with a Nvidia GTX video card and the current version of blender.


Define default directory for keyboard-trigered screenshots in Ubuntu 18.04

Background I want my screenshots to be saved in my ~/pictures/screenshots directory. I have then followed instructions of the selected answer of  — i.e., I've run:  gsettings set org.gnome.gnome-screenshot auto-save-directory "file:///home/$USER/pictures/screenshots"   Problem When I take a screenshot using the Print Screen key of my keyboard, the .png file is still saved under ~/pictures. (I've checked with dconf GUI, and the setting is file:///home/$USER/pictures/screenshots.  In the , it is said:     Be aware that Gnome 3.8 doesn't use gnome-screenshot when using keyboard commands.   Question How to make screenshots made using keyboard commands be saved in my customized ~/pictures/screenshots folder?


Where does Google Flights get its data from?

Has anyone ever booked a flight with ?  I am just wondering where they get their prices and data from, and if I might find a cheaper flight by using something like Expedia or Travelocity.


How to reduce haze while photographing lost distance mountains?

When I go hiking I noticed that sometimes the photos have a noticeable amount of haze, especially when photographing long distance mountains. I think this is a natural phenomenon due to air composition, but I was wondering whether I can reduce this effect somehow.  After reading some guides, I tried with polarizer filters, but it did not really improved much. In Lightroom I can "Dehaze" the photos, but this introduces an overall blue tonality that makes the overall composition unreal. How is it possible to take "cristal clear" shots of mountains? Is it a matter of time/weather conditions (like better when cloudy/more humid than a sunny day)?


Magic The Gathering can this combo be done?

Quick question, can I use  and choose to sacrifice  but in response sacrifice Strip Mine to use it's effect too?


Discussion about pro and cons for allowing up-voting to very new users

I would like to share my point of view about allowing up-voting for very new users. I'm basically talking about the reputation points needed to up-vote any question/answer.  It is currently set to 15 and I'm wondering if changing it to 5 or 1 wouldn't be better for the community. I may be wrong, but I'd like to explain why I -and other developpers I worked with for years- think this way.  When I was a beginner in SO, I spent several months to get a 100 points, maybe half a year. It takes time, depending on your programming skills level and your ability to express yourself in the SO way, whether to ask or answer questions. While some people just answer once and get like 20 up-vote on their answer and get to 100+ reputation quite fast and earn a lot of privileges, sometimes just because of one good answer. Others may spend months to get to 50 or even 30 points and earn enough privilege to help the community back. It is not always fair.  My point is that while some people answer to the right question at the right time, others may spend months, even years to get enough reputation to be able to up-vote other questions or answers. (Yes, it happens)  I have talked with a few developpers about it and some of them told me that they were using SO to read questions/answers for more than a year without being able to up-vote anyone. Why? Because they never got up-voted enough, even asking some questions because most of the time they didn't need to ask, since SO cover so much areas, they usually found their question already answered and just read the answer but they couldn't up-vote anyone even if they wanted to, even if that answer helped them to solve a big problem and saved several hours of their time.  They were stuck at reading questions/answers without being able to up-vote right answers (and that was quite frustrating apparently). When someone helps you, you want to reward him, on SO we usually up-vote the answer to do so. But it is not possible if you haven't earned 15 reputation points.  So, since I don't see really any good reason to require 15 points I'm wondering if decreasing the reputation points required to up-vote an answer or a question wouldn't be better.  I thought about 1 and 5 points.    I don't think 1 is a good solution because it would be too easy for bots to make a mess. I think 5 is a good compromise, mostly because with that reputation you can create new topics, so why not being able to up-vote people answering to you as well? Furthermore, an up-vote from a user with 15 reputation isn't really more accurate than a user with only 5 reputation. So why not allow them to up-vote Q&A that have been helpful to them?   I don't think that change would decrease the quality of the community, I believe that even people with a few reputation points can help us to up-vote good Q&A (and by so get rid of bad answers by up-voting the right ones).  The only cons I see with this change is that more users would be able to up-vote, including bots and people who don't yet understand how the community works. But since the difference between 5 and 15 is quite small (and can be easily done if you really want to), I don't think it would affect badly SO.


What is the error  error: unmappable character for encoding ASCII. The code is:   outputWord = newWord + "ag’ ,r";


What is the easiest way to extract just the value set in a XML file? For example the data in the XML file is   <node name="host">   <map>     <entry key="cipher_strength" value="low" />     <entry key="port" value="78234" />     <entry key="over_ssl" value="false" />     <entry key="using_fips" value="true" />     <entry key="ssl_keystore" value="lib/ssl" />   </map> </node>   I just want to display low from the script.  Here is the sed command i am using that does return the full string  sed -n '/cipher_strength/{s/.*<cipher_strength>//;s/<\/cipher_strength.*Value=""//;p;}' test.xml   Following on from a comment, I can't use xmlstarlet as this is not available on my version of suse and is locked down by the vendor so unable to install.


How do I photograph moving subjects to allow good HDR processing?

I've started to experiment with HDR photography and would love to have a few shots of my family rendered via HDR.  There's one problem - my family is human and they move, sometimes a LOT.  How would be the best way to go about photographing them in order to produce the best possible HDR result?  I am using a tripod with my Nikon D90 and the typical RAW shots with +2, 0, -2 EV bracketing.  The results I've had so far often end up with ghosting and other minor details either removed or blurred - what am I doing wrong?


I'm solving some cryptographic problem,  I need the  cube root of 4.157786362549383e+37, which gives me 3464341716380.1113  using  x = x ** (1. / 3)   I thought it was weird at first, so I did try:  x=1000 print(x) x= pow(x,1/3) print(x)   but got 9.99999998  I have even tried somewhere . But i got the same result. Is there something wrong? How can I calculate the true cube root?


How to Synchronize Outlook Personal Calendar with SharePoint 2013 Calendar

I need to display outlook calendar in SharePoint 2013 calendar. When user add event/meeting in outlook calendar it should also be added in SharePoint 2013 calendar.


I simplified the above problem to  Prove$$\sum_{k=1}^n\left(\sum_{i=0}^{n-k}\frac{(-1)^i}{(k-1)!\,i!}\right)=1$$  Here $p_n(k)$ denotes number of permutations of $\{1,2,\dots ,n\}$ such that we have k fixed points.  How to proceed?


Word or expression for a constituent that perfectly exemplifies the whole

Suppose that  (1990) is considered appalling, but you can't put your finger on exactly why, mainly because there are a plethora of reasons, most of which you lack the training/education/expertise to comment in-depth on (e.g. the writing, directing, editing etc.), so you use what you consider to be a disastrous moment/scene as an example, and think "this pretty much sums it up", for example , what would you call a scene like that? A single word or expression is satisfactory.  As an example:     "The Godfather 3 is so bad, for so many reasons, but here is a ______ that perfectly represents everything wrong with the movie."   An expression is also acceptable, and the example I gave is flexible (doesn't have to be structured as it is in the example).


I have a function called:  void initializeJSP(string Experiment)   And in my MyJSP.h file I have:  2: void initializeJSP(string Experiment);   And when I compile I get this error:     MyJSP.h:2 error: variable or field initializeJSP declared void   Where is the problem?


do all type of sql server license have SA account?

We are trying to upgrade our sql server from 2005 to 2012. we got some offers for different type of license from some resellers. the only thing I'm not sure now is, there's one type core license with software assurance (more expensive), and another type core license without software assurance (cheaper). I wonder if this software assurance means the access of SA account?  we would of course like to have the SA access, as we have now in sql 2005.   I guess i'm probably confused with the meaning of software assurance and SA account.    This question is not a double to the suggested question, I was confused with the SA account, and the Software assurance in SQL server license. It's completely two different questions, and the answer from the other post, doesn't answer my question.


I've been experimenting with fresh coconuts lately (they are amazing), but one thing I haven't figured out yet is how to make a nice creamy coconut milk. Mainly to make hot chocolate and eat with fruits like an yogurt,  So I put the coconut water and the meat in a (not very good) blender, strained it through a sieve and refrigerated it, this is the result:    The part at the top is a grainy, watery coconut mush, I was expecting it to be like cream/yogurt  And the part at the bottom I assume it's really just coconut water.  Looking at a carton of store-bought full fat coconut milk it contains chemical emulsifiers and thickeners, so is there no way of achieving a natural creamy coconut milk?  And the store bought one never mentions it was pasteurized, one of my ideas was water bathing the glass.  I also thought abount whisking it but not sure about it yet.  So, what can be done to achieve a homogenous, creamy, eat-by-itself, homemade coconut milk?  In regards to the duplicate question, I want to know how to emulsify it, the store bought ones do not completely separate this way and the top part is creamy unlike mine.


Convert line voltage heating system to use low voltage thermostats

I currently have two line voltage ceiling radiant heating systems in my condo each with their own DPST thermostat. I'd like to use low voltage thermostats such as the nest. I found , but it only has 3 wires. Will this work with a system designed to use DPST thermostats? If not, is there something else out there that will allow me to use low voltage thermostats with line voltage heaters?


Gear change sticking only on specific changes - cable issue?

I'm riding a hybrid with 48/36/26 chain ring and 9 speed 11-32 cassette.  When I change up OR down at a specific point the shift is slow and doesn't always engage.  On the 48 this is between the 21 and 19 cogs and on the 36 this is between the 24 and 21 cogs.  Note that this is rear change only and both up AND down shifts.  Every other change is clean and quick.  Any ideas gratefully investigated as these changes are right in the "daily range" I use for commuting!


Why is letter "z" the last letter of alphabet?

it's been on my mind for sometime, why is Z last letter of alphabet, why is A the first, why is D the 4th letter, are these letters just based randomly then people agreed on them, therefore creating the "alphabetic order" or were they based on something more logical, scientific, such as syllable and the way each are pronounced.


What is the name of the logical puzzle, where one always lies and another always tells the truth?

So i was solving exercises in propositional logic lately and stumbled upon a puzzle, that goes like this:     Each inhabitant of a remote village always tells the truth or always lies. A villager will only give a "Yes" or a "No" response to a question a tourist asks. Suppose you are a tourist visiting this area and come to a fork in the road.    One branch leads to the ruins you want to visit; the other branch leads deep into the jungle. A villager is standing at the fork in the road. What one question can you ask the villager to determine which branch to take?    I intuitively guessed the answer is "If I asked you this path leads to the ruins, would you say yes?". So my questions are:   What is the name and/or source of this logical riddle? How can i corroborate my answer with mathematical rigor?


How to store personal data locally (non-cloud solutions)?

As the title pretty much summarises, storing data in External HDD (especially the ones which require power supply) is not exactly a risk-free solution. I have burnt my hands more than once even with much reputed brands in the market. There are a wide range of issues like the HD going undetected, cannot be mounted or partition table, bad sector, wow!  I currently have all my data finally cornered to a 4TB external HD (with external power) at the risk of extinction. What are recommended ways for saving huge data locally without worrying about losing it. Is it that inevitable at all.  Thanks in advance.  PS: DvD/BluRayDs is one option for the worst case. Looking for some others too if any.


My professor is extremely busy and has still not send the letter (application deadline was 15 Dec).  What can I do here? I am mailing him polite reminders and he is very willing to help but unfortunately very bad managing his time.  This letter is crucial. Should I contact the department letting them know or something? I am getting desperate.


Why does the favicon sometimes not show up and generate "page not found" errors, and other times does show up

As the question implies, on occasion Drupal's log is showing that the favicon is not found. Indeed, it does not show in the browser tab or address bar. At other times, even within the same surfing session, it does show up.  Why does it do this and how can I prevent it so that the favicon will always show?  I am using version Drupal 7.22. with a custom subtheme and an admin theme (Stark).   My favicon is set in the subtheme theme configuration at sites/default/files/images/favicon.ico and that is located there as I have checked via FTP.  The log shows the browser is looking in example.com/favicon.ico.   The custom subtheme I use has <link rel="shortcut icon" href="http://example.com/sites/default/files/images/favicon.ico"; type="image/vnd.microsoft.icon" /> in the source code and the admin theme (Stark) uses <link type="image/vnd.microsoft.icon" href="http://example.com/misc/favicon.ico"; rel="shortcut icon"> and this file also exists in that location (not actually using example.com, of course).  Drupal is using clean URLs.  The web server is Apache on Debian Linux.  Thank you.


How can I get an old version of YouTube application for Samsung Galaxy Tab 2?

How can I get an old version of the YouTube application for Samsung Galaxy Tab 2? The new update is slow and poor display.


What is the meaning of AUC being high when accuracy is not?

I'm testing several classifiers in Weka Experimenter. Some of them have — at the same time — low accuracy (Percent_correct statistic) and high AUC. How should the quality of such classifiers be interpreted? Should they be considedered bad (for their low accuracy) or good (for their high AUC)? Under which circumstances one or the other of these performance measures should prevail in judging quality?  Note: Both questions mentioned in the comments below add useful insights. However, I would also like to know when you want to strieve for accuracy (possibly at the cost of worse AUC) and when you want to strieve for better AUC (possibly at the cost of worse accuracy).


$\int_{-\infty}^\infty \frac{e^{ax}}{1+e^x}dx$ with residue calculus

I'm trying to compute $\displaystyle \int_{-\infty}^\infty \frac{e^{ax}}{1+e^x}dx$, $(0<a<1)$ Let $f$ denote the integrand.  I'm using the rectangular contour given by the following curves: $c_1: z(t) = R+it, t \in [0, 2\pi]$ $c_2: z(t) = -t+2\pi i, t \in [-R, R]$ $c_3: z(t) = -R + i (2\pi - t), t \in [0, 2\pi]$ $c_4: z(t) = t, t \in [-R, R]$    There is one singularity within the contour, at $z = \pi i$. Expanding out the denominator as a power series shows that it's a simple pole, and allows us to evaluate the residue as $\displaystyle \lim_{z \rightarrow \pi i} f(z)(z-\pi i) = - e^{a \pi i}$    This is computed by expanding $1+e^z$ as a Taylor series around $\pi i$. The first coefficient will be 0, and the second will be $-1$. The rest will have orders of $(z - \pi i)$ greater than 1, and will thus vanish when we take the limit.  So the integral over the entire contour is $- 2\pi i e^{a \pi i}$    An easy enough estimate on the $c_1$ shows that the integral vanishes as $R \rightarrow \infty$. With a variable change, c_3 is the same as c_1 and also vanishes. $c_4$ becomes the integral we want when we take a limit. $c_2$ becomes $c_4$ with a constant:    \begin{align*} \int_{c_2} f(z)dz &= \int_{-R}^{R} \frac{e^{-at}e^{a 2\pi i}}{1+e^{-t}e^{2\pi i}}dt \\ &= e^{a 2 \pi i}\int_{-R}^{R} \frac{e^{-at}}{1+e^{-t}}dt \\ &=e^{a 2 \pi i}\int_{R}^{-R} - \frac{e^{au}}{1+e^{u}}du \ \ \ (u = -t, du = -dt)   \\ &= e^{a 2 \pi i}\int_{-R}^{R} \frac{e^{au}}{1+e^{u}}du \\ &= e^{a 2 \pi i} I(R) \end{align*}    Where $I(R)$ is the line integral over $c_4$. Putting it all together and taking the limit gives us $\displaystyle \lim_{R \rightarrow \infty} I(R) = \frac{- 2\pi i e^{a \pi i}}{(1 + e^{a 2 \pi i}) }$    But this can't be the value of the integral, because it's a real-valued function integrated over $R$. I can't figure out where I'm going wrong. Note that I've avoided posting all the details of my solution since this is from a current problem set for a class on complex analysis.


Find the equation $$x^5+10x^3+20x-4=0$$  My try:I think this equation maybe take  Trigonometric functions  Now I have solution:let     $x=t-\dfrac{2}{t}$,then   $$x^5+10x^3+20x-4=(t-\dfrac{2}{t})^5+10(t-\dfrac{2}{t})^3+20(t-\dfrac{2}{t})-4=0$$   so   $$t^5-4-\dfrac{32}{t^5}=0$$   My question: why we take $x=t-\dfrac{2}{t}$  and This problem have other solution? Thank you


How to Solve this Arithmetic Progression Question?

Please help-  Four different integers form an increasing AP.One of these numbers is equal to the sum of the squares of the other three numbers.Then- find all the four numbers.  I assumed the numbers to be $a,a+d,a+2d,a+3d$ and wlog let $a+3d$ this number and according to question-  $a^2+(a+d)^2+(a+2d)^2=a+3d$  but I could not solve the above equation.


Intuitive interpretation of the Laplacian

Just as the gradient is "the direction of steepest ascent", and the divergence is "amount of stuff created at a point", is there a nice interpretation of the Laplacian (a.k.a. divergence of gradient)?


Black screen of death on ubuntu, need the chrome passwords anyway to get them back?

I have a dell inspiron notebook with ubuntu on it, absolutly love it and use it as a work laptop. Everytime my harddrive fails i just grab an old 30gig xbox hdd. Well a few days ago i ended up with the black screen after boot logo, something to do with intel graphics drivers updatinf and crashing the boot kernal. I spent a good 5 hours going through all the walkthroughs and gave up. I have only one thing of value on that hdd, and thats my google chrome passwords.   Is there a way i can import those onto my fresh install? Or am i sol?


OK maybe i did something stupid but i hope its not hopeless.   I tried to compress one file on my usb stick and it didnt have enough space and now when i put my usb in pc it says free 1,6 gb  free 2.4 gb but when i open removable disk it says there are no files on this disk.   I tried open it on other pc and it says same thing.  How can I find my files and folders on it


Why does the higher order derivative test work?

I'm an AP Calculus BC student, so all I know about derivatives is the increasing/decreasing/ relative max/min function relation with first derivative (first derivative test), concavity (second derivative test). I showed that you can create a third derivative test to my teacher (by showing that if the critical numbers of the second derivative = 0, and if the third derivative is non-zero, then it must be a point of inflection as the function is either increasing or decreasing on the second derivative graph), and he said it was right and to think about derivatives at higher orders like x^5 only has a derivative at x = 0 with the fifth derivative).   When i googled it, i found the higher order derivative test. Is there a logical explanation for why this test works? I dont understand why if n-1 derivatives = 0 and the nth is non-zero, you can find max/mins/inflection points.


Good tool for finding photo duplicates based on image data

What is a good (and preferably free) tool for finding photo duplicates based on the photos themselves?  So, not filename, filesize etc., but how the photos look like. It would be nice if it managed to match photos that were the same image, but not exactly the same size for example too.


How to call a arrayList method in a tester class?

I'm creating a customer manager application in Java that is made of 3 packages. 1.) A Customer class that models a customer and it's instance variables (as well as getters and setters). 2.) A customer database that has methods to i.) create a customer list, ii.) search the list for a given customer ID, iii.) delete a customer, and IV.) add a new customer. My 3rd class is a menu driven application that is supposed to print customer details from the array list. I can't figure out how to do this.   In my tester class, I am getting the customer ID from the user, and then trying search for the customer that corresponds to the customer id. I have tried creating a customerDataBase (CustomerDB) object and using the search method i've written, but I keep getting a null exception.  // how im trying to create a customer list in the tester: if (userChoice == 1) {     System.out.println("Creating new customer list...");     CustomerDB customerDB = new CustomerDB();     customerDB.createList();  }   // my search method in my CustomerDB class: public Customer searchCustomer(String customerID) {     for (Customer customer : customerList) {         if (customer.getCustomerID().equals(customerID)) {             return customer;           }      }    return null; }    // In the tester class, trying to print a customer from the list // User enters '2' to print customer details after creating a list. else if (userChoice == 2) {      System.out.println("What is the ID of the customer to print?");      String customerID = scnr.next();      CustomerDB customerDB = new CustomerDB();      customerDB.searchCustomer(customerID);      System.out.println(customerDB.toString()); }   I expect the code to output the instance variables for customer, but instead i get a null exception pointing to my searchCustomer method.


I'm a Debian user; I tried to install Steam by running sudo apt install steam and I typed in my password then this is what happened:  Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree        Reading state information... Done E: Unable to locate package steam


Getting the line that splits down the variables column is giving me trouble.


Proof that the all bases of a subspace V consist of the same number of vectors?

My textbook explains the proof, which I don't understand:  "Consider two bases $v_1...v_p$ and $w_1...w_q$ of V. Since the vectors $v$ are linearly independent and the vectors $w$ span V..."  How exactly does $w$ span V?   The book then says the same for vectors $v$, that $v$ spans V and hence $p=q$, but I don't really understand how you can assume that given two sets of vectors that are basis, one set must span V.


How do I configure modprobe to find my module?

I'm trying to get a kernel module to load at boot.  If I run insmod /path/to/module.ko, it works fine. But this has to be repeated every time I reboot.  If I run modprobe /path/to/module.ko, it can't find the module. I know modprobe uses a configuration file, but I can't get it to load the module even after adding /path/to/module.ko to /etc/modules.  What is the proper configuration?


Would NAT be eliminated transformed in ipv6?

NAT is a wonderful concept used in ipv4. It is the major reason for the existence on internet, in my concerns. There are no networks in the world that doesn't work without employing NAT.  All I seek to know is that, would NAT be required if after ipv6 is implemented, would NAT be eliminated or be used in a different way(Transformed or Upgraded into a new version with some added abilities to tackle any situations or problems that the network specialists or researchers foresee).


Image Alpha Background Renders Black when using “Import Images as Planes” 2.0

This is a question about an old question which can be found . I also found an answer to that question by Cegaton, though the instruction in the answer didn't help me, and I suspect that it might have only worked for the older version. So I'm using Blender version 2.78, I enabled the "use alpha" and it still doesn't work in any view, I used Gimp2 for the alpha channel and exported it into png, and imported as a plane using the addon, the plane is still a picture with black opaque background.  Screenshots:  Picture in GIMP2   Exporting the picture as Png   Importing the picture as a plane   Choosing the picture   The plane in object-solid view   The plane in object-texture view   An Image for you to test on:  Please note I am not sure if the alpha channel will stay there if you download it please let me know down in the comments.


I was wondering what the evaluation of the following summation is for any $|a|>0$ $$\sum_{n=-\infty}^{\infty}\frac{1}{(n-a)^2}.$$ Any help or a direction to a reference would be appreciated. There is a related , but I am unsure of its validity.


Anyone know a good workaround for the lack of an enum generic constraint?

What I want to do is something like this: I have enums with combined flagged values.  public static class EnumExtension {     public static bool IsSet<T>( this T input, T matchTo )          where T:enum //the constraint I want that doesn't exist in C#3     {             return (input & matchTo) != 0;     } }   So then I could do:  MyEnum tester = MyEnum.FlagA | MyEnum.FlagB  if( tester.IsSet( MyEnum.FlagA ) )     //act on flag a   Unfortunately, C#'s generic where constraints have no enum restriction, only class and struct. C# doesn't see enums as structs (even though they are value types) so I can't add extension types like this.  Does anyone know a workaround?


Concatenate operator in math operation in Javascript

I want to create a random generator of math operations. I'm trying with ASCII codes but what happens is that it just concatenate the operands and operators as a String. Anyone has a suggestion for this?    let a = Math.floor(Math.random()*100) let b =  Math.floor(Math.random()*100) let ascCode = Math.floor(Math.random()* (46 - 42)) + 42 let op = String.fromCharCode(ascCode) let c = a + `${op}` + b;   console.log(c)


How can a book's copyright year be in the future?

I recently noticed that in the book "Investing for Dummies" by Eric Tyson, the copyright is listed for 2021, even if at the time of making this post the year is still 2020. How is this possible? How can a copyright year be in the future?


Is it acceptable to take photos of slides at a conferences for private use?

Is it accepted/appropriate to take pictures of presentation slides at conferences for private use?   I am not talking about putting those pictures out in the public afterwards, I know this is illegal without consent of the presenter.    Should it matter, I am talking about math conferences.  And I am asking because I don't see anyone taking pictures.


Casio Calculators Give 2 Different Answers

Possible Duplicate:          Sorry if this has already been asked, my searches were fruitless...  There's been a buzz lately about the different results given by two different Casio brand calculators .  It would seem that there's debate on this issue.  The expression is thus:     6 ${\div}$ 2 (1 + 2)   It would appear that the debate is between the scope of the division operator in the equation.  Now, as a software developer, I'm accustomed to well-defined operator precedence.  The compiler knows exactly in what order terms will be evaluated.  Thus, above, the answer is 9.  However, it would appear that the two calculators differ because there's debate about that division operator regarding whether it divides the entire expression or only the first two terms.  Rather, is it:     (6 ${\div}$ 2) (1 + 2)   or is it:     (6) ${\div}$ (2 (1 + 2))   Is there an official answer regarding the operator precedence for mathematics in general, outside the realm of computer programming and compilers?


Multi-touch mouse gestures in Ubuntu 13.10?

I have Ubuntu 13.10 and Windows 8 installed as dual boot.  There is a mousepad specific driver in Windows 8 that lets me use multi-touch gestures such as two finger swipe to go back/forward, pinch to zoom in/out, and pivot rotate. The driver/touchpad is made by Alps.  But on Ubuntu 13.10 there is no multi-touch support like those I can use on Windows.  How can I get the same mouse gestures on Windows to work on Ubuntu 13.10?


Awk - add a line, if and only if this line does not already exist

I'd like use awk to parse a file, and add a line, if and only if this line does not already exist. My file: cccc dddd aaaa mmm  Example 1: I'm looking for "aaaa" "aaaa" exists so, nothing happens, the output file will be the same. Example 2: I'm looking for "bbbb" "bbbb" doesn't exist. My output file should be : cccc dddd aaaa mmm bbbb  How can I obtain this result?


I have an iMac running macOS High Sierra. Sometimes, when I'm moving the mouse pointer around it will enlarge to 2-3 times the size for about 1 second. It happens a few times per day.  I assume I'm either pressing some key that causes it or I'm moving the pointer over something that triggers it.  What is causing this behavior? Is there a way to disable it? If yes, how do I do so?


confusion related to maximum a posteriori estimation

I was reading this article in wikipedia related to MAP . However, I had this confusion when it says  MAP estimation is a limit of Bayes estimators (under the 0-1 loss function), it is not very representative of Bayesian methods in general.  What does it mean MAP estimation is a limit and it has presented a criticism of MAP stating that the mean/median estimates will be better. I didn't get why it is so? Any guidance will be appreciated.


Minimizing Gender Regularity in a linear arrangement of boys and girls

Let us consider that there are G girl students and B boy students in a class, we need to arrange them in a single row, but arrangement of students should be in order to minimize the gender regularity*. Find the minimum gender regularity among all possible arrangements.  *The gender regularity of an arrangement is the maximum number of students of the same gender (all girls or all boys) that appear consecutively.


I wish to use command line ( bash ) to find and kill a process. How do I search for a known (VLC ) process and how do I kill it ?  Guy


Open and read each file in a directory separately

so I want to open each file in a directory (there are 5 plain text documents in this directory ). And do something like find specific words in each file.   This is code I used, but it seems the results are all stacked together instead by each file.   import re import os  path = 'C:\Python27\projects\Alabama\New folder'   pattern = re.compile(r"\bshall\b") pattern1 = re.compile(r"\bmay\b") pattern2 = re.compile(r"\bmust\b")   for filenames in os.listdir(path):    with open(filenames, 'r') as myfile:         for string in myfile:             m = re.findall(pattern, string)             m1 = re.findall(pattern1, string)             m2 =  re.findall(pattern2,string)             k = len(m)              k1 = len(m1)             k2 = len(m2)             print m,m1,m2,k,k1,k2   my question is that how to perform the re.findall function for every single one of the file in directory separately, instead of having a stacked up output.  Thanks!


Gnome keyring daemon not starting up properly

Since a few days ago my Gnome-keyring daemon hasn't been starting up properly.  After logging in:  ps aux | grep keyring user       3496  0.0  0.0 214408 15800 ?        SLl  13:30   0:00 /usr/bin/gnome-keyring-daemon --daemonize --login   Apps complain about not being able to access the keyring (and fail to do so), some shortcuts are very slow CTRL+ALT+T for terminal or Print screen can both take up to a minute between key press and action)  Seahorse does not show the login keyring  $ /usr/bin/gnome-keyring-daemon SSH_AUTH_SOCK=/run/user/1000/keyring/ssh $ ps aux | grep keyr user       3496  0.0  0.0 214408 15800 ?        SLl  13:30   0:00 /usr/bin/gnome-keyring-daemon --daemonize --login user       8524  0.1  0.0 211004 12468 pts/5    SLl  13:38   0:00 /usr/bin/gnome-keyring-daemon   Then, as soon as an app wants to access I get the keyring password prompt. Once unlocked, the keyring works properly.  I had a look to startup apps for my session and I only have one command that is relevant:  /usr/bin/gnome-keyring-daemon --start --components=ssh   I added /usr/bin/gnome-keyring-daemon to startup apps, but it will prompt for the keyring password after each login, which wasn't happening before.  Any idea on what happened and how to fix this please?


Which Ubuntu for Toshiba Satellite M70-168

I want to install Ubuntu on an old ToshibaSatellite M70-168  type: Technologie Mobile Intel® Centrino™ Pentium® M 740       Intel® PRO/Wireless 2200BG et Chipset Intel® 915GM Express clock speed: 1.73 GHz front side bus: 533 MHz L2 cache: 2 Mo standard: 512 Mo maximum memory: 2,048 Mo Ram type: DDR2 RAM    Which version should I chose ?


I noticed during the scene in Avengers: Endgame where, Quill and Thor are arguing over who's captain of the ship, Quill was looking at a picture of Gamora,       assumed to be (maybe accidentally?) dusted along with all the Thanos army by the Avengers' use of the Guantlet   Is it safe to say we still don't get Gamora back?


Use induction to prove that $6$ divides $n^3 - n$.

This is somewhat embarrassing, but I am having some trouble figuring out how to do a strong induction question. We have to prove that $n^3 - n$ is divisible by $6$ for all $n \in \mathbb{N}$. Now I can see that this must be true, since $n^3 - n = (n+1)n(n-1)$, i.e. the product of three consecutive integers. Therefore at least one of them will be even, and one will be a multiple of $3$. Hence the product will be divisible by $6$. However, I can't figure out how to do it by induction. It's probably quite easy to do once you see one of those trick moves, like adding and subtracting the same thing, etc, but I can't figure it out. Please help!


return function not saving the value and later u call the variable it says variable not define

I'm writing a function in Python where I take user input and validate it. Later I'm saving it to a variable using return. But after calling the variable, it says variable not defined. def user_input():          position = 'wrong'     position_range = range(1,10)     within_range = False          while position.isdigit == False or within_range == False:                  position=input('select the postion from (1-10): ')                  if position.isdigit()==False:             print('hey! thats not a valid input')                      elif position.isdigit()==True:             if int(position) in position_range:                 within_range=True             else:                 print('hey! thats out of range')                 within_range=False              return int(position)  user_input()  print(position)


For all $A, B \in \mathcal{M}_n(\mathbb{C})$, if $[A, [A, B]] = 0$, then $[A, B]$ is nilpotent

$\newcommand{\tr}{\mathrm{Tr }}$ Let be $\mathcal{M}_n(\mathbb{C})$ the set of complex-valued square matrices of order $n$ and $[A, B] = AB - BA$ a commutator.  If, for some $A, B \in \mathcal{M}_n(\mathbb{C})$, we have $[A, [A, B]] = 0$, then $[A, B]$ is nilpotent.  So: $[A, [A, B]] = 0$ says that $A$ and $[A, B]$ commutes.  Let be $\lambda \in \mathbb{C}$ and $X \in \mathbb{C}^n$ such that $[A, B]X = \lambda X$ (an eigenvalue/eigenvector pair), such values always exist as $[A, B] \in \mathcal{M}_n(\mathbb{C})$ and must have $n$ eigenvalues.  Left-multiplication of the previous relation gives: $A[A, B]X = \lambda AX$.  By hypothesis, we have: $[A, B](AX) = \lambda (AX)$.  If we denote $E_{\lambda}$ the set of eigenvectors of $[A, B]$ for the $\lambda$ value, we have: $X \in E_{\lambda} \implies AX \in E_{\lambda}$.  As a result, for all $k \in \mathbb{N}, A^k X \in E_{\lambda}$.  Now, we also have $\tr [A, B] = 0$ because of properties on the trace.  If $A$ is not nilpotent or nilpotent for $k \geq n$, then: $(X, AX, \ldots, A^{n - 1} X)$ is linearly independent, as $\dim E_{\lambda} \leq n$ and $\dim E_{\lambda} \geq n$.  We conclude that $\dim E_{\lambda} = n$, finally: $n \lambda = 0$, now: $\lambda = 0$.  We conclude that $[A, B]$ is nilpotent.  If $A$ is nilpotent for $k \leq n - 1$, then $\dim E_{\lambda} \geq k$.  Here, I don't really know how to proceed, I'd like to show we cannot have any other value than $\lambda$ and it must be $0$ due to the trace.


How many shutter actuations are too many?

I would like to upgrade my Canon 5D to a 5D Mark III but I'm also on a budget. I got interesting offers from photographers upgrading to the 5D Mark IV, the problem is the shutter counts are well above 300K actuations.  I am afraid there might be electronics burnout problems which would cost far more than a simple shutter replacement.    Is it advisable to buy a camera with such a huge shutter count?


Has "dilemma" ever been restricted to two options?

I was surprised to discover my dictionary had this entry for dilemma:     a situation in which a difficult choice has to be made between two or more alternatives, esp. equally undesirable ones   The notion of dilemma meaning two or more flies against what I was taught about the word. The very idea of a  is specifically based on the number two.  Has my dictionary merely updated its definition to encapsulate the many people who use dilemma for more than two equal choices? Or was someone in my youth being unnecessarily pedantic?


The numbers $1,\frac{1}{2},\frac{1}{3},\dots,\frac{1}{100}$ are written on a white board

The numbers $1,\frac{1}{2},\frac{1}{3},\dots,\frac{1}{n}$ are written on a white board. In every step we pick two numbers $a$ and $b$ and put $a+b+ab$ besides. Prove that the last number that remains is $n$.   By induction it is easy to prove:  It is true for $1$.  Think it is true for $n$  Prove it is true for $n+1$  $n+\frac{1}{n+1}+\frac{n}{n+1}=n+1$  But I want a non-induction prove.Thanks.


(SOLVED) listings, utf8, ├─, (U+2500)(inputenc) not set up for use with LaTeX

I have the following MWE, and I get the output I wish, but for a single trick: i need to have some extra '\' in front of the worrysome characters '├─ ', '│', ecc.. Without the '\' in front, things are rendered all messed up.  Questions are: why so?  is there a quick fix?   \documentclass[titlepage,a4paper,12pt]{article} \usepackage{xcolor} \usepackage{listings} % \usepackage{listingsutf8}  <--- Not needed \usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}  \usepackage{pmboxdraw}  <--- Needed  \lstset{     language=bash,     basicstyle=\ttfamily\small,     numberstyle=\footnotesize,     numbers=left,     backgroundcolor=\color{gray!10},     frame=single,     tabsize=2,     rulecolor=\color{black!30},     literate= {│}{\textSFxi}1% {┐}{\textSFiii}1% {└}{\textSFii}1% {┴}{\textSFvii}1% {┬}{\textSFvi}1% {├}{\textSFviii}{1}% {─}{\textSFx}1% {┼}{\textSFv}1,      title="My Folder",     escapeinside={\%*}{*)}, %   breaklines=true, %   breakatwhitespace=true,     framextopmargin=2pt,     framexbottommargin=2pt,     extendedchars=false, %   inputencoding=utf8     commentstyle=\mycommentstyle,     escapechar=\$, } \newcommand{\mycommentstyle}[1]{\normalfont\rmshape{ $\leftarrow $ #1}}  \begin{document} \begin{lstlisting} \ ├── jsdom_demo-master       $\mycommentstyle{I need normal font here}$ \ │   ├── dummy.html \ │   ├── jquery-1.7.1.min.js \ │   ├── README.md \ │   └── transform.js 1 directories, 4 files \end{lstlisting} \end{document}   EDIT ABOVE FIXEX IT! THANKS TO WHOEVER MADE A COMMENT


How many ways an examiner can assign 15 marks to 5 questions?

The number of ways in which an examiner can assign 15 marks to 5 questions giving not less than 2 marks to any question is a.1 b.126 c.120 d.240 I am getting no clue!


SVD definition of pseudoinverse: $A^+ b$ is as close as possible to $y$ in terms of the Euclidean norm $\lVert Ax-b\rVert_2$

I am currently studying  answer on the Moore-Penrose pseudoinverse and the Euclidean norm by the user "Etienne dM". The first point of their answer proceeds as follows:  Let $x$ be $A^+y$.  Let me begin by the second point. For all $z$, we have: \begin{align} \lVert Az-b \rVert_2^2 &= \lVert Ax-b \rVert_2^2 + \lVert A(z-x) \rVert_2^2 + 2 (z-x)^TA^T(Ax-b)\\ & \geq  \lVert Ax-b \rVert_2^2 + 2 (z-x)^TA^T(Ax-b) \end{align} Moreover, because $(AA^+)^T = AA^+$, $$ A^T(Ax-b) = ((AA^+)A)^Tb - A^Tb = 0$$ Thus, we prove that for all $z$, $\rVert Az-b \lVert_2^2 \geq\rVert Ax-b \lVert_2^2$, that is to say $A^+b$ is as close as possible to $y$ in term of the Euclidian norm $\lVert Ax-b\rVert_2$.   I realise that $x = A^+ y$, but I don't understand how any of this implies that "$A^+ b$ is as close as possible to $y$ in terms of the Euclidean norm $\lVert Ax-b\rVert_2$". The way I see it is that we have 4 facts:  $\lVert Az - b \rVert_2^2 = \lVert Ax - b \rVert_2^2 + \lVert A(z - x) \rVert_2^2 + 2(z - x)^T A^T (Ax - b) \ge \lVert Ax - b \rVert_2^2 + 2(z - x)^T A^T (Ax - b)$;  Because $(AA^+)^T = AA^+$, $A^T(Ax - b) = ((AA^+)A)^T b - A^T b = 0$;  Singular value decomposition (SVD): $A^+ = VD^+U^T = V \Sigma^+ U^T$;  $x = A^+ y$.   Supposedly, these 4 facts together prove that "$A^+ b$ is as close as possible to $y$ in terms of the Euclidean norm $\lVert Ax-b\rVert_2$". However, I do not see how this is so.  answer by "Ben Grossmann" is supposed to show something similar. I can see how this answer is related to what "Etienne dM" did in their proof, but I do not see how it is the same. I suspect that I am lacking some assumed, fundamental knowledge that "Etienne dM" had in constructing this proof, and so I am unable to see how these 4 facts combine to prove what is claimed. I would greatly appreciate it if people would please take the time to carefully explain this to me.  related question is for the limit definition of pseudoinverse.


How to update the graphics driver in Ubuntu 14.04?

I have an Nvidia G84 [GeForce 8600 GT] graphics processor. Does anyone know how to update the graphics driver in Ubuntu 14.04?


Number of ways to stack poker chips if two stacks that can be obtained from each other by reflection are considered to be equivalent?

Dave has 10 poker chips, 6 of which are red and the other 4 of which are white. Dave likes to stack his chips and flip them over as he plays. How many different 10-chip stacks can Dave make if two stacks are not consider distinct if one can be flipped to appear identical to the other? So I know that the number of ways to arrange the poker chips is 10 choose 6. But what do I do after that to satisfy the second condition?


Line breaks when using tikz package {er,positioning} in simple entity-relationship diagram

The following code does exactly what I want, with the exception that I would like line breaking. Ideally, I want the numbers to appear under the word 'Thing' but there will be other text as well. The usual suggestions of using tabular, or the general use of '\\' do not work, probably because I am using the er,positioning package. First post, so please let me know if I need to change or adjust anything to suit the usual rules here. \usepackage{tikz} \usetikzlibrary{er,positioning} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{fullpage} \usepackage{nopageno}  \begin{document}  \begin{tikzpicture}[auto,node distance=1.5cm] \node[entity] (node1) {Big Idea} [grow=up,sibling distance=5cm] child[grow=left,level distance=5cm] {node[attribute] {Thing 1}} child {node[attribute] {Thing 2}} child {node[attribute] {Thing 3}} child {node[attribute] {Thing 4}} child[grow=right,level distance=7cm] {node[attribute] {Thing 5}}; \end{tikzpicture}  \end{document}


I breathe alot of soldering fumes and i don't have anything that is used to remove this fumes while soldering, is it really bad for my health? How it affects the brain and other organs?


Bounding holomorphic function at 0 given other bounds

Let $f(z)$ be a holomorphic function on a disk of radius $>1$ about the origin, and suppose that $|f(z)|\leq 1$ for $z$ with $|z|=1$ and $\text{Re}(z)>0$ and $|f(z)|\leq 2$ for $z$ with $|z|=1$ and $\text{Re}(z)\leq 0$.  How does one show the bound $|f(0)|\leq \sqrt{2}$?


Is finite additivity a property of the Lebesegue outer measure?

In the Lebesgue outer measure we have the following properties: the length of the empty set is $0$, monotonicity and countable subadditivity.  My question is, is it possible to use the above properties to show finite additivity?  I have no idea where to begin (or even if it's true) so any hints are definitely appreciated.


With reference to this question   and    Can be bring a feature to search for protected questions ?  Why ??  Most of the protected questions are one of the best questions ever and highly knowledgeable ones.  Few Examples       If there can be a search for closed questions then why not a search for protected question ?


mean centering leads to perfect correlation?

Im working on a linear regression with 3 independent variables (likert scales from 0-6) nothing out of the ordinary.  The IDs correlate from r=.3 to .58 with each other, which is a bit high although the VIF is still under 2. So usually I would assume that the multicollinieraty assumption would be ok here, but I mean-centered to IDs just to see what happens.  After centering, all IDs perfectly correlate with each other, which I dont know if thats an centering artifact or not. Also the VIF is now 1 which seems weird and the regression analysis throws out the 2nd and 3rd ID even when I forced SPSS (method enter) to consider them in the regression.   Any idea what I did wrong here?  Cheers


I'm trying to use this command:  mysqldump --opt --hex-blob \     -h source -p xxxx -u user1 \     source_db | \     mysql \     -h target -p yyyy -u user2 \     target_db   So, how can I rewrite it to avoid setting passwords on -p and be asked instead


The date on my excel sheet is 3/1/2019 and excel see it as March 1. I want it to see it as Januray 3

The date on my excel sheet is 3/1/2019 and excel interprets it as March 1 but I want it to interpret it as January 3. I have tried formatting the cells but it just changes the position of data. Please help


How to add comma and space after every 2 elements string?

I have a lot of strings in which I have to do this. Example: "ABCDEFGH" I want to make it look like this: "AB, CD, EF, GH"


Prove $\lim_{x\to\infty} x . [1 - F(x)] = 0$

I have no idea how to proceed with proving this. If $X$ is a continuous random variable, $P(X > 0) = 1$,  $E(X)$ is defined and $F(x)$ is the CDF, then prove $\lim_{x\to\infty} x . [1 - F(x)] = 0$


A question about fuzzy differential (Hukuhara and Generalized Hukuhara Diffrentiability):

I know this question has no relevance to the analysis, but it seems some friends about all the information they contain mathematical topics. So please forgive me I have a question about about fuzzy differential which i say it.My professor says that my solution is wrong,but i believe it is right.According to papers and books related to this problem,which i read,my solution is right. If you can, please send the correct answer for me. Let $f:\mathbb R \to \mathbb R_f$ with $f(t)=(1,2,3)t$ be a function. We're investigating whether or not the existing Hukuhara  derivative and generalized  Hukuhara derivative at $t_0 =0$ . According to definition:  $f'(x)=\lim_{h\to 0}\dfrac{f(x+h) \ominus_H f(x)}{h} =\lim_{h\to 0}\dfrac{[(1+\alpha)(x+h),(3-\alpha)(x+h)] \ominus_H [(1+\alpha)(x),(3-\alpha)(x)]}{h}=\lim_{h\to 0}\dfrac{[(1+\alpha)(x+h-x),(3-\alpha)(x+h-x)]}{h}=[(1+\alpha),(3-\alpha)]=(1,2,3) $  And generalized  Hukuhara derivative is equal with  Hukuhara derivative.Can you tell me what is wrong? If writing answer was too hard take a picture and send me the photo.so Thanks.  ganhard1372@gmail.com


I want to add new tag-synonym for some tag's but i don't have any option to do this. When i visit any tag there is a option for see all synonyms for that tag but not option to add new synonyms.  Please any one  tell me how can i add this.  Thanks in advance.


Why do we consider current to be constant throughout a circuit?

Let us consider a circuit made up of connecting wires, a resistor, a switch and a battery. Now, the resistance of the resistor is much higher than that of the wire. Now, intuitively, I am thinking that current flow would be less in the resistor than the wires. But, I have read at many places where they write that the current is constant at every point of the circuit, which seems a little confusing to me.  Another version of the same question: The potential difference between any two points of the wire and that of the resistor would be different, and their resistances are already different. Then, why is the ratio $\Delta V/R$ constant?


Simple question. Is it ever explained how the Tet succeeded in destroying the moon ? I can't recall this being explained.


I just started using blender and I'm trying to make an animation.   It's got it's armatures linked to the body via armature deform but whenever I try to move them in pose mode I get and error saying "cannot select linked when sync selection is enabled".   When I don't and I actually manage to move the armatures, the body doesn't move with them even though they're linked and every video I watched says that's all I need to do. Can anyone explain how to solve my problems here please?


How does Ctrl + K work in Stack Overflow?

I am very curious to know how to implement the Ctrl-K (code sample) feature against code.  For example:  public static void main(String args[]){             System.out.println.out("welcome"); }   Will that be nicely formatted?   Do we require any package to implement this? Any ready made code available to do this?   I am planning to develop a site where this feature would be really helpful.


How to use pandas variable in sql script using jupyter

I want to delete a few rows in sql using Jupyter. Connected sql server to jupyter and it is working fine. I just have a doubt that can we use pandas variables in sql query? If yes, how to do it? Thanks in advance !! Here, I am attaching a simple script which showcases my issue and purpose of the problem statement.  I want to delete rows from signps table where sid is in the mentioned list (which is pandas variable sid_list)


The sum of the series of the form $\sum_{n=1}^∞ a^n$

How to find the sum of this series ?  $$\sum_{n=1}^∞ \Big(\frac{4}{9}\Big)^n $$    In General,   Does the series $\sum_{n=1}^∞ k^n$ , where $k$ is a random real number, have the finite sum ?


Does bad electrical grounding mess up a laptop?

I recently purchased a Macbook Pro retina display. When I use the 2 pin charger, and I touch the surface of the laptop I can feel electricity passing - basically laptop is vibrating softly. When I charge it with 3 pin, it does not vibrate. I have been charging it with 2 pin for about 10 days when I was not aware of this issue, so would that have messed up my laptop by any chance? To me laptop works perfectly, but I was wondering some hardware internally got messed up.


There is already a similar post, that has an answer to my question, but it is quite short and I don't get it... So I am trying to show that  \begin{align} \{e_K |~ K \subset G~ conjugacy~ class \} \end{align} is a basis for $Z(\mathbb{Z}[G])$. Serre even writes "one immediately checks that the $e_K$ form a basis", but even reading the other post  I don't see that...  My approach to this is:  Be $x \in Z(\mathbb{Z}[G])$, which is equivalent to: $x = gxg^{-1}$ for all $g \in G$. Writing  $x = \sum\limits_{h \in G} \lambda_h h$, we get $x = \sum\limits_{h \in G} \lambda_h ghg^{-1}$. I don't really know how to go on at this point. I mean, I know that when $a,b \in K$ (same conjugacy class) you get $\sum\limits_{s \in K} \mu_s s = \mu\sum\limits_{s \in K} s$, since \begin{align} a = hbh^{-1} \Rightarrow \mu_a = \mu_b ~\forall a,b\in K \end{align} So all elements in the same conjugacy class have the same scalar.  But from here I don't really know how I can generate the $x = \sum\limits_{h \in G} \lambda_h ghg^{-1}$ with the $e_K$ ...  I would be really thankful, if someone could give me quite a basic proof that even I understand...


Recommended Field and Galois Theory Books

I'm studyding Field and Galois Theory and I need to practice doing exercise, to or to be more specific, algebraic extension, normal extension, ... Can someone represent a book of this kind with (many) exercises and solutions to do?   Thanks in advance!


How can I print a counter in the greek alphabet? \newcounter{nc} \setcounter{nc}{2} \arabic{nc} %print 2 \greek{nc} %I'd like to see \beta


As a man, how can I roleplay a woman better?

I rarely play characters of the opposite sex, and I find that I'm not very good at it, at least in my own estimation.  This is hampering when I GM because it limits my range, and makes things hard when I do role-play a female.   I'm comparing my depiction of females to how I would play a male character, and I'm not seeing any difference, besides the bad falsetto. Women do make different choices and have a different way of arriving at a conclusion than men, but I'm not very good at mimicking that.  How can I improve this ability, and how different should I really make female characters than male?  Is this dependent on culture?


Some of the category "assignments" don't seem to make sense.  Why is DIY under Life/Arts but Motor Vehicle Repair under Culture/Recreation?  Why is Cooking under Life/Arts vs. Culture/Recreation?  Why is Bitcoin under Technology and not Life/Arts (where personal finance is)?  Why is Anime under Culture but TV/Movies is under Life/Arts?  Is there some kind of rubric to how these get categorized?  Or is there a process for reorganizing them?  Edit:    what information is available for making a determination on category?  Is there a definition of what each category means (what is "Life/Arts" defined as?)   Basically, I'm trying to find out if there is already a documented set of criteria that should be used when picking a category (or suggesting a change to an existing site's categorization)


When making a class, why use a get/set for a property rather than just make it public?

What is the advantage of the first solution over the second?  class TestClass     {         public int value         {             get;             set;         }     }     static void Main()     {         var myTest = new TestClass();         myTest.value = 3;         System.Console.WriteLine(myTest.value);     } }   vs  class TestClass     {         public int value;     }     static void Main()     {         var myTest = new TestClass();         myTest.value = 3;         System.Console.WriteLine(myTest.value);     }   I've search this question on SO, but the top answer I keep seeing is that so in case you need to change how to set/get (add validation or something), you won't need to go back through your code and add it everywhere the property is used. If you do need to add this validation, couldn't you just change it from example two to example one without any additional changes? My understanding is that even if you want to add some validation to the get/set that you can't use the auto generated way like in my example and would need to change it anyway. If that's the case why even have the get/set?


We are looking to see if we can leverage a WIKI to advertise sections of our governance plan to the end user community.   Right now with a WIKI we get the option to add web parts to the bottom of the layout.   The desired design would be to design a layout that would have a right column that would be a zone of other Web Parts.  For instance, a LVWP that would contain contacts and/or FAQS, an image web part etc.   We just want more flexibility with layout.  I am thinking we could add zones with Designer etc but wanted to see if there was something more obvious.  Thanks,  Paul


Questions about acceptance rule of Metropolis algorithm

I have a question concerning about one step in the Metropolis algorithm. The algorithm ,   Generate a proposed new sample value  from the jumping distribution $Q(x'|x_t)$ Calculate the acceptance ratio $a = \frac{P(x')}{P(x_t)}$ If $a\geq 1$, accept $x'$ by setting $x_{t+1}= x'$ Else, accept $x'$ with probability $a$. That is, pick a uniformly distributed random number $r$ between 0 and 1, and if $r\leq a$ set $x_{t+1}=x'$, else set $x_{t+1} = x_t$   I feel unclear about step 4, in step 4 if we have $a<1$, which means $P(x_t)>P(x')$, $x'$ is further away from the large mass of the density than $x_t$. However, we are not dumping $x'$ directly, we leave it to a 'gamble' to decide its go or stay. This gamble is the uniform distribution, a random draw from uniform distribution then compare it with $a$. I do not understand what's happening here. Why won't we just dump $x'$, why we have to give it a chance to 'nature'?


Income and expenditure for a married couple visit to the UK

Both my husband and I have decided to visit our son in London for a few weeks in the summer. I'm in full time employment as a teacher while my husband has just retired but still receives monthly income from his shares and investments.  When filling out the Income and expenditure section on the visa form, do we divide the costs and savings between us on each form or do we write the same figures?  For example in the following questions:   How much do you spend each month on living costs? What is the cost to you personally of your trip in GBP(£)? The total amount of money you have for this trip The cost of the aeroplane, boat or train tickets


Does the laws of gravitation apply to two energies as well?

Can the laws of gravitation be extended to two energies? Is there a a force of attraction similar to gravity among two energies? (Excluding things like magnetic or electric attraction).


I haven't experienced any issues when 13.10 is installed on my desktop but after installing it on my laptop (Fujitsu LifeBook) the brightness settings seem to default to the dimmest setting and even though I manually slide it to the brightest it will always default each time I reboot.  Is there a fix for this?


I only know that:  for an LP standard primal $\left\{\begin{matrix} \underset{x}{\operatorname{max}}[c^Tx]\\  Ax \leq b\\  x \geq 0 \end{matrix}\right.$ corresponds the LP dual $\left\{\begin{matrix} \underset{y}{\operatorname{min}}[b^Ty]\\  A^Ty \geq c\\  y \geq 0 \end{matrix}\right.$;  strong LP duality states that, if the primal admits optimal solution $x$, dual admits optimal solution $y$ and results $c^Tx=b^Ty$. And similarly, weak LP duality states $c^Tx \leq b^Ty$.   Unfortunately, as explained  at page 4, to pass from (3) to (6) we need to use respectively conic and Fenchel's duality. I don't know anything about that, with many thanks to my professor, so I can't figure out this proof. Could you help me? Every link is also welcome. Thanks in advance.


Java Regex for telephone number - Must Include only 8 digits with not more than 2 dash

I need your help with this one. I have to form a regex that accepts only 8 digits (no letters) with no or less than 3 dashes.  It should accept these examples:  12345678 1234 5678 1234-5678 123-45-678 12-345-678   It should not accept these examples:  1234 (less than 8 digits) 123456789 (more than 8 digits) -12345678- !@@#$% 12ABCBDEF (with letters) 12-34-56-78 (more than 3 dashes)   Any help is appreciated.


Can I use Chrome's Pepper Flash with Firefox?

As Adobe no longer supports Flash on Linux (see "NOTICE" below), is there a way to use Chrome's Pepper Flash plugin with Firefox?    NOTICE!  Flash no longer is supported for Linux EXCEPT as part of Chrome (with the exception of the extremely out of date Firefox 11.2 version, even though it gets security updates, it is still ancient and not updated that frequently).  This is detailed in the .  The relevant section is Platform support, sub section Personal Computers, section Linux, quoted here (January 14, 2015 was when this was pulled, and the most important lines in this have been bolded for important reasons because people won't want to read the whole thing here):     Linux      Adobe has been working closely with Google to develop a single, modern API for hosting plug-ins within the browser. The PPAPI, code-named "Pepper", aims to provide a layer between the plug-in and browser that abstracts away differences between browser and operating system implementations. You can find more information on the Pepper API at .      Because of this work, Adobe has been able to partner with Google in providing a "Pepper" implementation of Flash Player for all x86/64 platforms supported by the Google Chrome browser. Google now distributes this new Pepper-based Flash Player as part of Chrome on all platforms, including Linux.      For Flash Player releases after 11.2, the Flash Player browser plug-in for Linux will only be available via the "Pepper" API as part of the Google Chrome browser distribution and will no longer be available as a direct download from Adobe. Adobe will continue to provide security updates to non-Pepper distributions of Flash Player 11.2 on Linux for five years from its release.      Flash Player will continue to support browsers using non-"Pepper" plug-in APIs on platforms other than Linux.      Adobe will not be providing a Pepper-based debug player implementation of the Flash Player browser plug-in on Linux.      As of Adobe AIR 3, Adobe has discontinued support for Adobe AIR for Linux operating systems.


Why SO questions often pops up in Google Search while other topics do not?

I don't really understand this one. Every time I searched for a programming question, at least one SO link pops up somewhere in the first page of the search results. I read about this in .  However, I cannot understand why whenever I searched for something in Physics, Chemistry or Mathematics, most of the times, the corresponding SE sites are not present in the results.  According to an answer of the above post, this is why SO appears so many times in search results:   Tons of (original) text content. Lots of internal linking + sitemaps make it easy to crawl. Prominently placed header tags with question titles. Tagging for extra keyword-relevance goodness. Question titles in url string. Lots of external links (from other sites to stackoverflow)   But other SE sites have these factors, right?


How do you change Planck's law from frequency to wavelength?

I have to derive  by using . I've tried but I come to a unsolvable equation (well I can't solve it) anywhere I look online it comes to the same conclusion, you need to solve an equation involving transcendentals which I have no idea what they are nor any of the math classes required for this physics course teach it. Once that equation is solved, the next steps are quite simple, by using the solution.  Maybe my professor just wants us to google the solution to the equation and used it to keep solving the problem?  anyway, what really bothers me is this:  My book shows Planck's law in terms of frequency  $$B_\nu (T) = \frac{2h\nu^3}{c^2}\frac{1}{e^{h\nu/(k_B T)} - 1}$$  but to do the problem I need it in terms of wavelength  $$B_\lambda (T) = \frac{2hc^2}{\lambda^5}\frac{1}{e^{hc/(\lambda k_B T)} - 1}$$  And $v = c/\lambda$, so by that then it can be said that the exponent of $\lambda$ would be 3 when it is expressed in terms of lambda (plus $c$ would have an exponent of 1). But Wikipedia says it is 5 and not 3. It multiplies by the derivative of $\nu$, but I don't get why. I'm just substituting, not differentiating, no need to use the chain rule.


How to remove unity and install XFCE4 for 16.04

I have installed standard ubuntu in a VM but it's running too slow. I would like to remove unity and install XFCE4 instead. I would also like to keep the extra applications like Libreoffice and so.   What is the best way to do this?  I've found this old  (for 12.04) and also this  which show different commands so I don't know what to do.


Can SMT give worse performance than normal CPU?

Is there any chance of SMT (simultaneous multithreading) having worse performance than normal CPU?  For example, is it possible for a normal CPU to run two programs one by one and have better performance than running these two programs simultaneously on a CPU that supports 2-way SMT?


What is thermal radiation on a molecular level?

I’ve recently been scouring my Finnish high school level textbooks and online physics forums for an answer to the following question: ”How is thermal radiation created on a molecular level?” or ”What thermal radiation actually is?” In some places I hear it being described as the motion of charged particles which leads to radiation, and in other places I’ve heard it being explained as the atoms getting excited by the heat. I’m not sure whether either of these are correct, whether they are synonymous nor whether they contradict one another. Help would be much appreciated, I am high school level in physics but would still like a ’deeper’ understanding on this subject. Thank you in advance.


Replacing one character in string with another string excluding pattern

I need to replace all '%' characters in string with "%25" but I don't want to replace % in %25 to avoid situation, when I get something like this %%25. I want to do it in Java. Example: input: % sdfsdaf %25 expected result: %25 sdfsdaf %25  Do you know what should I use to get it?


How I avoid ambiguity in the use of "and"?

How do I avoid ambiguity in the use of "and"?  For example, the phrase:     "demonstrative pronoun and adjective"    could mean both pronoun and adjective are demonstrative, or it could mean only demonstrative is for pronoun.  Is there a way to write this where the ambiguity is avoided?


Accidental sudo chown. How do I recover?

I accidentally ran sudo chown -R -v myuser:myuser /, essentially transferring sudo to my own user by mistake. I meant to only take the current directory.  How do I recover from this? I stopped it after a few seconds, but running anything with sudo now gives me:  sudo: /usr/bin/sudo must be owned by uid 0 and have the setuid bit set


which font is exactly used in this pdf document?

Hi, does anybody can help to recognize the font of this file. Please pay attention to "g"s. If it is typewritten, which font is nowadays similar to that in Office word? Thanks.


What is the maximum length of a circuit in the complete graph on n vertices.

A trail is a sequence of adjacent vertices with no repeated edges.  A circuit is a trail that begins and ends at the same vertex.  The complete graph on 3 vertices has a circuit of length 3.  The complete graph on 4 vertices has a circuit of length 4.  the complete graph on 5 vertices has a circuit of length 10.    How can I find the maximum circuit length for the complete graph on n vertices?


Comparing user's String input to a String array

I know this is something really small and stupid but I don't know why this doesn't work. Basically there are only two names of employees that can be used to login. These two names are stored in an array. Once the user enters a name and it's not one of the two correct ones, the program keeps asking for the user name.   String [] userNames = {"Jack", "Jill"};   logIn(userNames);  public static void logIn(String [] name) {     String userName = "";     Scanner kb = new Scanner(System.in);     System.out.print("Enter Username: ");     userName = kb.nextLine();     while (userName != name[0] || userName != name[1])     {         System.out.print("Enter Username: ");         userName = kb.nextLine();     }     System.out.println("Correct"); }


Does "a couple of" always mean exactly two?

As in the title. Does the expression a couple of always have to mean exactly two (like a pair of) or can it mean more (things/objects)? I know a couple, at least in one of its meanings, means a pair (like the happy couple) but as an amount specifier does it also always mean exactly two?


How many positive integer solutions are there to the equality $x_1+x_2+...+x_r= n$?

The original problem is there are $r$ identical boxes and $n$ identical balls.  Every box is nonempty.  Then how many ways of putting balls in boxes?  It is equivalent to the problem of finding integer solutions for the equality: $$x_1+x_2+...+x_r= n$$ and $x_i>0$ for all $1\leq i\leq r$.  Editted by @Sil: Replaced with equality to avoid confusion that this question deals with $x_1+x_2+\dots+x_r\leq n$, which it does not!


Force Computer to use LAN instead of Wifi Windows

On my computer I can connect to a wireless network and I use USB internet (Dongle). I would like to dedicate my computer to use the USB Dongle only and not the WiFi at all.. this is because I use connectify (Software) to broadcast the WiFi network and connect my PS3 to the internet and when I do it now the computer uses the WiFi network as well sometimes and creates LAG on my PS3.  Please Help ! Windows 8


Inhomogeneous space between glossary items

I did the following glossary. However, when adding it in my document, the space between items isn't always the same (see pictures).  \documentclass[french]{article} \usepackage[utf8]{inputenc} \usepackage[T1]{fontenc} \usepackage{babel} \usepackage{graphicx} \usepackage{geometry} \usepackage{multirow} \usepackage{fancyhdr} \usepackage{drawstack} \usepackage{nameref} % For reference \usepackage{hyperref} % url reference \usepackage{tikz} % State diagram \usepackage{amsmath} % For matrix in state machine \usepackage{xcolor} \usepackage{wrapfig} \usepackage{amsthm} \usepackage[justification=centering]{caption} \usepackage{lastpage} % To add lastpage référence. \usepackage{siunitx} % For microsecond \usepackage[explicit]{titlesec} \usepackage{booktabs} \usepackage{tabularx} \usetikzlibrary{chains} \usepackage{epstopdf} \usepackage{lmodern} \usepackage{booktabs} \usepackage{etoolbox} \usepackage[most]{tcolorbox} \usepackage[toc, numberedsection,nonumberlist]{glossaries} \usepackage{chngcntr} % For table of figures section number  \makeglossaries  \begin{document}  \newglossaryentry{RIP}{ name=RIP, description={Routing Information Protocol, un protocol de routage dynamique} } \newglossaryentry{OSPF}{ name=OSPF, description={Open Shortless Path Finder} } \newglossaryentry{Hop}{ name=Hop, description={De l'anglais, saut. Décrit le nombre de passage au travers d'un routeur} } \newglossaryentry{vlsm}{ name=VLSM, description={Variable Length Subnet Mask, sous réseau de taille variable} } \newglossaryentry{RFC}{ name=RFC, description={Request for Comment, série de documents établis par l'IETF et l'ISOC   décrivant les aspects techniques d'Internet ou de différents matériels informatiques} } \newglossaryentry{IETF}{ name=IETF, description={Internet Enginnering Task Force, organisation développant des   standards pour Internet} } \newglossaryentry{ISOC}{ name=ISOC, description={Internet Society, organisation pour promouvoir et coordonner le   développement des réseaux} }  \newglossaryentry{sa}{ name=SA, description={Système autonome (Autonomous System). Ce dit d'un réseau avec   une administration commune, comme le réseau Switch} } \newglossaryentry{IGP}{ name=IGP, description={Interior Gateway Protocol, type de protocole utilisé dans un   système autonome} } \newglossaryentry{EGP}{ name=EGP, description={Exterior Gateway Protocol, type de protocole utilisé entre des   réseaux autonomes} } \newglossaryentry{NDP}{ name=NDP, description={Neighbor Discovery Protocol} } \newglossaryentry{ARB}{ name=ARB, description={Area Border Router, routeur reliant deux zones différentes dans un système autonome utlisant OSPF comme protocole de routage dynamique.} } \newglossaryentry{ASBR}{ name=ASBR, description={AS Boundery Router, routeur échangeant des informations avec   des sources en dehors du système autonome.} } \glsaddall \printglossaries  \end{document}


Advice on Server Solution for small business?

We are a small business looking to change server and I am not the most knowledgeable in this field so I was hoping some of you had some suggestions or some knowledge and expertise that can at least help point me in the right direction.   We build WordPress custom themes for websites, Shopify sites, sites using Laravel & Woocommerce sites. We currently have around 20-30 sites sitting on a VPS server with UK Fast. This server is an '' Server and the specs are below:  Total processors: 2  Processor #1 Vendor GenuineIntel Name Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5-2650 0 @ 2.00GHz Speed 2000.000 MHz Cache 20480 KB  Processor #2 Vendor GenuineIntel Name Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5-2650 0 @ 2.00GHz Speed 2000.000 MHz Cache 20480 KB  HDD: 75GB  HDD: 10GB  Memory: 4GB  CPU: 2  Our Average RAM Usage over past month : 71.5867%  And Average CPU Usage over past month : 19.329%  It is a Linux server.  We are wanting to move from this server and migrate to a new one. We don't mind if it is still with UK fast or not but we are looking for:   As low cost as possible If a site gets infected, it won't affect the other sites on the server (unable to spread) Fast Loading websites (I h=know this isn't all down to the server but our current one is a tad slow) Good security   at the moment it costs £147 / month  Does anyone know if we are using the right package or if some other service would suit us better?  I am just looking for advice as I have little idea when it comes down to servers.  Many thanks.