I can't install valgrind due dpkg-deb broken pipe, how to fix this?

hanu@hanu-HP-Pavilion-Sleekbook-14:~/raijin/build_debug$ sudo apt-get -f install  Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree        Reading state information... Done Correcting dependencies... Done The following extra packages will be installed:   locales The following packages will be upgraded:   locales 1 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 1008 not upgraded. Need to get 0 B/3,801 kB of archives. After this operation, 6,537 kB of additional disk space will be used. Do you want to continue [Y/n]? Y WARNING: The following packages cannot be authenticated!   locales Install these packages without verification [y/N]? y Preconfiguring packages ... (Reading database ... 204496 files and directories currently installed.) Preparing to replace locales 2.13+git20120306-9 (using .../locales_2.17-92_all.deb) ... Unpacking replacement locales ... dpkg: error processing /var/cache/apt/archives/locales_2.17-92_all.deb (--unpack):  trying to overwrite '/usr/sbin/validlocale', which is also in package libc-bin 2.17-0ubuntu5 configured to not write apport reports                                       dpkg-deb: error: subprocess paste was killed by signal (Broken pipe) Errors were encountered while processing:  /var/cache/apt/archives/locales_2.17-92_all.deb E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)   hanu@hanu-HP-Pavilion-Sleekbook-14:~/raijin/build_debug$ valgrind The program 'valgrind' is currently not installed. You can install it by typing: sudo apt-get install valgrind


What's the relationship between classical gravitational waves and gravitons?

LIGO have detected gravitational waves, why we are still far away from detecting gravitations?  how to understand the statement below?     A classical wave may be considered to be a coherent   superposition of a large number of gravitons.


Why is my SQL Server 2017 query returning incorrect results?


IMPORTANT EDIT  IT SEEMS DISCUSSION CAN ALREADY BE DONE IN CHAT. I JUST REALISED THIS BECAUSE I HAD JUST GET 20 REP TODAY. MOD MAY CLOSE THIS IMIDIATELY  Sometimes, we visit stackexchange to ask question that we does not know or wonder what the answer is. However, more often than not, I am asking question without knowing whether an exact answer is available; thus, causing me to accidentally make 'opinion-based' question followed by a bunch of vote down.   I always thought that this is somewhat unfair. "What will happen to this and that?" -- Vote down -2 rep. Vote down -2 rep. "HEY THAT IS OPINION BASED YOU ARE WRRRRONGK! GTFO from this 'fact' site!"   However, I argued that if we note down facts related to my question we can narrow down possibility and guess what will be more appropriate.  So, it seems the site is somewhat 'aggressive' and makes me sad :(     Now, in order to avoid that, I think we can do two things:  1. Make a discussion sub site. (subject.stackexchange.com/discussion/)  In this world, there is no right, wrong, vote up, down, or rep. Only pin answer/post, to point important conclusion and flag, in case of off-topic.   2. Advanced on-hold  In this 'advanced' version, question that is seems opinion based should be answered with facts as much as possible by people who is good at that subject (Naruto Master, Gravity Master, Logic Master, Harry Potter master, etc). Then, we shall take conclusion whether the conclusion is too wide or narrow enough. From that we can conclude whether it is purely opinion based or only 85% opinion based.


Changing leftover foreign currencies from travel back into dollars

I have been very lucky and have been able to travel this year. However, now that I am preparing to go back to the US, I realize that I have collected various small amounts of money (usually equivalent to $20–30) in a variety of world currencies. It is great to have such a 'coin collection', but since I'm travelling and living on a budget, I really would like to be able to actually use the money. What's the best strategy for changing various world currencies (e.g. Swiss francs, Thai baht, rupees, etc.) into dollars? If I go to a US bank where I have an account (e.g. Bank of America, Citibank) with foreign currency, will they be able to change it back into dollars?


Email notification for incorrect question

I subscribe to new questions in the  tag.  I just got an email with the subject New roslyn questions for Mar 16 - Stack Exchange linking to the question   This question never had ; the email says     tagged: csv, pivot-table, excel-2013, multiple-files, pivot-chart    What kind of bug is this?


With real examples and their use, can someone please help me understand:  When do we need a  delegate? When do we need an  delegate? When do we need a  delegate?


The names that humans call Wookiees do not sound anything like the actual sounds of Shyriiwook. Some examples:    Lohgarra Chewbacca Malla   Is there some system for translating Shyriiwook name into something humans can pronounce?  I'm looking for an in-universe answer.


Good day everyone.   I have read up quite extensively on Javascript Compression. I currently host 23 javascript files using IIS GZip compression method. I just want to know is there a better solution to compress the javascript files. My one file is over 7MB this is causing quite a problem at the moment. Is it Possible to Use MVC Type Bundles To render the javascript? I am using Asp.Net  Thank you in advance.


Solve the given differential equation by using Green's function method

I am really struggling with the concept and handling of the Green's function. I have to solve the given differential equation using Green's function method $$\frac{d^{2}y}{dx^{2}}+k^{2}y=\delta (x-x');\qquad y(0)=y(L)=0$$


I need to turn one side of a cylinder into a square a leave the other side round

Is it possible to make one side of a cylinder square while leaving the other alone? If so how would I go about it? I have a tree branch that I need to connect to a trunk. The number of edges on the cylindrical branch will not connect up with the square hole on my trunk...Any ideas?


How is the system call in Linux implemented?

When I invoke a system call in user mode,how did the call get processed in OS?  Does it invoke some some executable binary or some standard library?  If yes,what kind of thing it needs to complete the call?


I got the definition and the intuition being finitely generated vector spaces. Could you help me with some examples about not finitely generated vector spaces? It looks like  I can't get the intuition behind them. Thank you in advance


I want to change jQuery Datepicker to German Calendar, but it did not work.  -I tried that :  <script>   $( function() {     $( "#datepicker" ).datepicker( $.datepicker.regional[ "de" ] );     $( "#locale" ).on( "change", function() {       $( "#datepicker" ).datepicker( "option",         $.datepicker.regional[ $( this ).val() ] );     });   } );   </script>   Thank you!


The Android app crashes when you to visit a meta site

When getting to go to meta.codegolf.stackexchange.com the app crashes.  It also claimed that it was an "unknown site"   I reopened the app and clicked it again. It still crashed.  [


What is a intuitive meaning of linear transformation?

What is a intuitive meaning of linear transformation. Can you give any example which is a nonlinear transformation.


How to convert normal html website home page to SharePoint master page in SharePoint 2013?

I follow some article to convert HTML page to master page and I stocked in snipped section. After converting, my HTML page and other design are rendered in above section of master page and SharePoint header part are rendered in below section. And I don't know how to use these HTML design with my SharePoint nav bar and quick launch and other controls so that it looks like same my HTML page.


How can I pass a filename containing percent signs (%) as a parameter to a shell script in cron?

We have currently setup a cron job for our new script as below:  46 22 * * * /gzm_common/diagbat9/global/prod/chgstatus.sh /backups/diagbat9/Demantra/output/SK_ITEM_EXTRACT_MFGPRO_$(date +%m%d%y).txt   It takes the file with .txt as extension as a parameter. When the cron job executed, the file did not get created. This is what we got of the file at 22:46 pm:  22:46    SK_ITEM_EXTRACT_MFGPRO_   and this is a zero byte file, whereas it should contain a lot of data. Shall I try putting the entire filepath and name in double quotes?


What's the difference between the snap folder in /home/UserName and the snap folder in root (/)?

What's the difference between the snap folder in /home/<UserName> and the snap folder in root (/)?  I'm trying to get a grasp on where programs and their files are stored when you install them.  The first and only program I have installed on my machine is Spotify.    I noticed that there were two spotify folders within two separate snap folders.  One in the home directory and one in the root directory.    Questions   Why are there two snap folders? Why are there two spotify folders? Are they different in any way (the snap and spotify folders)?     NOTE: I installed Spotify via the Ubuntu Software application, not via the Terminal.


Are there non-legal consequences for wizards that meddle with time?

I'm not sure how much documentation there is on time in the HP universe, but time would obviously be an incredibly strong weapon to Voldemort, so I'm wondering why he didn't just rewind time and fix any errors he made in order to conquer the world. Harry and friends used it responsibly, I thought because there would be some punishment from the Ministry of Magic if they messed up time too badly (so Harry didn't go after Pettigrew when they went back in time).


Does the Samsung tablet 3 SM-T211 have USB host mode OTG support? If not, is there a way to enable / support it?


How to mask animated objects so they aren't visible past a certain area?

I am animating objects that will be rendered with video footage in the compositor. My difficulty is how to apply a mask so that the objects disappear when they expand past a certain point.  Objects within circle mesh should be visible   Objects outside of circle mesh should be invisible   Current nodes set-up for object materials:   What masking options are at my disposal to achieve this effect, and how can I apply them?   Thanks for any insights.


I have three tables and I need that the three tables stays side by side.  I tried with this approach but the tables are overlapping each other.  \begin{table}[!htb]\tiny     \begin{minipage}{.20\linewidth}     \caption{First Table}      \label{tab:first_table}       \centering          \begin{tabular}{ccccc}     \toprule     {\bf Library} & {\bf Comedy} & {\bf Scary} & {\bf Others} \\     \midrule     Library1 & $23$ & $233$ & $3295$ \\     Library2 & $843$ & $0$ & $0$ \\     Library3 & $11$ & $1$ & $0$ \\     Library4 & $1$ & $0$ & $0$ \\     \midrule     {\bf Total} & $878$ & $234$ & $3295$ \\     \bottomrule     \end{tabular}     \end{minipage}%     \begin{minipage}{.20\linewidth}       \centering         \caption{Second Table}     \label{tab:second_table}         \begin{tabular}{ccccc}     \toprule     {\bf Library} & {\bf Comedy} & {\bf Scary} & {\bf Others} \\     \midrule     Library1 & $954$ & $40$ & $0$ \\     Library2 & $32$ & $0$ & $1$ \\     Library3 & $11$ & $132$ & $110$ \\     Library4 & $1$ & $30$ & $67$ \\     \midrule     {\bf Total} & $998$ & $202$ & $178$ \\     \bottomrule     \end{tabular}           \end{minipage}%     \begin{minipage}{.20\linewidth}         \centering         \caption{Third Table}     \label{tab:third_table}             \begin{tabular}{ccccc}     \toprule     {\bf Library} & {\bf Comedy} & {\bf Scary} & {\bf Others} \\     \midrule     Library1 & $483$ & $27$ & $2$ \\     Library2 & $848$ & $220$ & $3$ \\     Library3 & $121$ & $12$ & $40$ \\     Library4 & $13$ & $0$ & $0$ \\     \midrule     {\bf Total} & $1465$ & $250$ & $45$ \\     \bottomrule     \end{tabular}     \end{minipage}  \end{table}


Intersection of conjugate subgroups is normal

Is there a better (more direct or intuitive) proof for this proposition than I have come up with below? I am not sure whether it could be simiplified:  Let $G$ be a group with $H \leq G$. Then $K = \bigcap_{g \in G} gHg^{-1}$ is normal in $G$.  Let $a \in K$. Then $a \in gHg^{-1}$ for all $g \in G$. Therefore for all $g_1,g \in G$, $g_1ag_1^{-1} \in g_1gHg^{-1}g_1^{-1} = (g_1g)H(g_1g)^{-1}$ and so $g_1ag_1^{-1} \in K$ since $g_1g \in G$. Then $K$ is normal in $G$.


JavaScript, Whats the difference between defining variables with $ and without?

Is there any difference between defining variables:  var p_tr1 = $('

') $p_tr = $('

')   i'm using netbeans, and variables have different highlighting.  I looked through FF debugger and found that variables are equals


How do I determine the RHEL version by looking at this extraction, I can only know that it is RHEL7 from el7 but what is the exact version?  Command: /bin/uname -a ==================================================== Linux xxxxxxxxx 3.10.0-957.12.2.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Fri Apr 19 21:09:07  UTC 2019 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux


Should I preserve spelling when quoting American English in a British English text, or vice versa?

Suppose I am writing an (academic) text in British English, but have to quote a text from an author who writes in American English.  Should I preserve the author's original spelling, or convert it to my text's spelling standards?  This question is intended to be closed as a duplicate of  to improve Google visibility. (I did not manage to find that question through Google during my initial search, even though it is one of the best resources on the topic. This question supplies key words which the original doesn't have.)


Prove that  $$\frac{z}{(1-z)^2} = \sum_{n=1}^{\infty} nz^n.$$  Do I need to do this by induction or by any other way?  Please help.


An example of an ideal contained in union of ideals but not contained in any ideal seperatly

Find an example for a ring $R$ and ideals $I_1,...,I_n,J$ s.t $J\subseteq\bigcup_{i=1}^{n}I_i$ and $J\not\subseteq I_i$ for every $1\leq i\leq n$.  I tried looking at some familiar rings like $\Bbb{Z}, \Bbb{Z[X]}, \Bbb{Z_n}\times\Bbb{Z_n}, \Bbb{Z_n}$ but none of them gave me an example. I know three things: $1.$ n must be larger than $2$. $2.$ There must be more than two ideals that are not prime. $3.$ My ideal can not contain a copy of an infinite field. Any hint would be helpful  - I should I come up with an example? Is there other ways to know that it won't work?


How to use a std::lock_guard without violating const correctness?

In a subclass, I have a private std::mutex m field that I use in an implementation of a base class pure virtual method to return a value in a thread-safe way (the value can be updated by another thread):  int SubClass::get() const // implements 'virtual int get() = 0 const' of the base class {                 std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lck(m);      return value; }   The compiler is telling me that this violates const correctness by producing an error:     error: binding 'const std::mutex' to reference of type   'std::lock_guard::mutex_type& {aka std::mutex&}' discards   qualifiers   Is there a way to make this compliant and use std::lock_guard in a const-correct way? Simply changing it to const std::lock_guard changes nothing. I don't really understand which part is problematic, then again I'm quite new to C++ ...


To construct a right triangle given the hypotenuse and sum of two legs

NOTE: I want a hint only.     A compass and a straightedge construction:Given a hypotenuse and the sum of lengths of the legs,we need to construct a right triangle.   MY TRY: From any ray $BE$, ,let us cut off $BC$ equal to our hypotenuse.Now we draw a circle with the hypotenuse as diameter.Now,if we take any point on the circle and join it with the end points of the hypotenuse,we will have a right triangle by Thales' theorem.  BACKTRACKING: As is often the case,first assuming that we have constructed our figure and then trying to reverse-engineer the steps helps in construction of the required figure.Suppose we have $\Delta ABC$ inscribed in a circle with $\angle A$ the right angle.We extend one of the legs $BA$ to $K$ such that $BK$ is equal to the sum of the legs of our triangle.Then $AK=AC$ and therefore $\angle AKC=\angle ACK$. Similarly,we extend $AC$ to $L$ such that it is equal to the sum of the legs.Then we can argue about angle equality the same way.But this is not helping me in constructing the right triangle.  A hint will be appreciated.


Shapefile missing from 'Add Vector Layer' file type in QGIS?

Ran into a bizarre problem in QGIS ( 2.18.4). I am trying to load a shapefile with extension *.shp.  When I choose Add Vector Layer -> Browse, I do not see any option to load ESRI Shapefiles.    I must be missing something very elementary.


What are the units in $\mathbb{Z}[\root 3 \of 2]$?

I asked Wolfram Alpha to tell me the fundamental unit of $\mathbb{Z}[\root 3 \of 2]$, it replied $1 - \root 3 \of 2$. Then I tried asking it for $(1 - \root 3 \of 2)^n$ for $-5 \leq n \leq 5$. If I run $n$ over all the integers, does that give me all the units of this domain? Or does this give me some of the units and some non-units?


I tried to create slides with beamer and the babel package with Farsi option \usepackage[farsi]{babel}. When I run it, I have some errors.   I use this code:  \documentclass[ucs]{beamer} \usetheme{Aalborg}   \usepackage[utf8]{luainputenc} \usepackage[T1]{fontenc} % Or whatever. Note that the encoding and the font should match. If T1 % does not look nice, try deleting the line with the fontenc. \usepackage{helvet} \usefonttheme[onlylarge]{structurebold} \setbeamerfont*{frametitle}{size=\normalsize,series=\bfseries} \setbeamertemplate{navigation symbols}{}  % Standard packages  \usepackage[farsi]{babel} \usepackage{fontspec} \usepackage{amsmath} \setmainfont[Script=Arabic,Numbers=Arabic]{XB Zar}\setsansfont[Script=Arabic,Numbers=Arabic]{XB Zar}  Setup TikZ  \usepackage{tikz} \usetikzlibrary{arrows} \tikzstyle{block}=[draw opacity=0.7,line width=1.4cm]  % colored hyperlinks \newcommand{\chref}[2]{%   \href{#1}{{\usebeamercolor[bg]{Aalborg}#2}}% }  \begin{document} % the titlepage %{\aauwavesbg %\begin{frame}[plain,noframenumbering] % the plain option removes the sidebar and header from the title page   %\titlepage %\end{frame}} \begin{frame} سلام \end{frame} \end{document}


What does "the ${\bf N}$ of a group" mean?

In the context of group theory (in my case, applications to physics), I frequently come across the phrase "the ${\bf N}$ of a group", for example "a ${\bf 24}$ of $\mathrm{SU}(5)$" or "the ${\bf 1}$ of $\mathrm{SU}(5)$" (the integer is usually typeset in bold).  My knowledge of group theory is pretty limited. I know the basics, like what properties constitute a group, and I'm familiar with simple cases that occur in physics (e.g. rotation groups $\mathrm{SO}(2)$, $\mathrm{SO}(3)$, the Lorentz group, $\mathrm{SU}(2)$ with the Pauli matrices as a representation), but not much more. I've got a couple of related questions:   What is meant by "${\bf N}$ of a group"? Is is just shorthand for an ${\bf N}$ representation? If so, what exactly is an ${\bf N}$ representation of a given group? How can I work out / write down such a representation concretely, like the Pauli matrices for $\mathrm{SU}(2)$? I'd be grateful for a simple example. What does it mean when something "transforms like the ${\bf N}$"?


How to access the phone via adb; broken screen

My karbonn s2 screen got cracked ,i need to transfer my contacts on pc.i tried using droid at screen (adb).since i can't go to usb debugging option because of damaged screen.While using droid@screen it doesn't read the device.How to solve it ? any help would be appreciated!!


Collision of a black hole & a white hole

A black hole and white hole experience a direct collision.   What happens? What shall be the result of such a collision?


Proof By Induction: $\sum_{i=1}^n \frac{1}{\sqrt i} > \sqrt n$

Here's what I have so far: $$\sum_{i=1}^n \frac{1}{\sqrt i} > \sqrt n$$ where $n\ge2$.  Test for base case  $$\frac{1}{\sqrt 1} + \frac{1}{\sqrt 2} > \sqrt 2$$  Simplify  $$ 1 + .707... > 1.414... $$ $$ 1.707... > 1.414... $$  This statement is true.  Thus we can assume $\sum_{i=1}^n \frac{1}{\sqrt i} > \sqrt n$ is true for $\forall n$  Now prove $n + 1$  Expand  $$\sum_{i=1}^n \frac{1}{\sqrt i} = \frac{1}{\sqrt{1}} + \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}} + ... + \frac{1}{\sqrt{n}} \gt \sqrt n $$  Add the next n in the series, and add it to both sides of the inequality.  $$\frac{1}{\sqrt{1}} + \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}} + ... + \frac{1}{\sqrt{n}} + \frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}} \gt \sqrt n + \frac{1}{\sqrt{n + 1}} $$  Rewrite $$\frac{1}{\sqrt{1}} + \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}} + ... + \frac{1}{\sqrt{n}} + \frac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}} = \sum_{i=1}^{n + 1} \frac{1}{\sqrt i}$$  LHS is complete now we have to try to make RHS = $\sqrt {n + 1}$  $$\sqrt n + \frac{1}{\sqrt{n + 1}} = \frac{\sqrt{n}\sqrt{n+1} + 1}{\sqrt{n+1}}$$  Given that n > 0  $$\frac{\sqrt{n}\sqrt{n+1} + 1}{\sqrt{n+1}} = \frac{\sqrt{n(n+1)} + 1} {\sqrt{n+1}}$$  Now since this is my first induction involving inequalities or summation, I was hoping you guys could show me what the next step would be, since I'm really not sure. Thanks in advance!


How to check condition and choose return

In C# I would do this if I wanted the word 'Many' to display if the count was 10 or more:  int count = 10; var result = count < 10 ? count : "Many";   How do you do this in python?


Is there an extension for Firefox that gives you a multi-row tab bar?, and if possible the rows should not shuffle up and down, like the Windows tab bars typically do.


Help with additional parameter for DeclareCiteCommand

I use a custom cite command cite which puts the citation on first use in the footer. The problem is that there is no possibility to reference a page or section with this cite command. example: \cite[p. 12]{somebibref} ignores the optional parameter. The citation should be in brackets like this: ...Lorem explains [1, p.12]... This is the code snipped i got but i dont know how to modify it for my purpose.  What do I need to modify to add the additional parameter only in the citation in the text not in the footer?  \makeatletter  \newtoggle{cbx@togcite}  % remove doi, eprint and url from footnote %\renewbibmacro*{doi+eprint+url}{}%  % Citation number superscript in brackets \renewcommand\@makefntext[1]{%   \iftoggle{cbx@togcite}     {\@textsuperscript{\normalfont[\@thefnmark]}\enspace #1}     {\@textsuperscript{\normalfont\@thefnmark}\enspace #1}%   \global\togglefalse{cbx@togcite}}  \renewcommand\@makefntext[1]{%   \iftoggle{cbx@togcite}     {\normalfont[\@thefnmark]\enspace #1}     {\normalfont\@thefnmark\enspace #1}%   \global\togglefalse{cbx@togcite}}  \DeclareCiteCommand{\cite}[\cbx@superscript]%   {\usebibmacro{cite:init}%    \let\multicitedelim=\supercitedelim    \iffieldundef{prenote}      {}      {\BibliographyWarning{Ignoring prenote argument}}%    \iffieldundef{postnote}      {}      {\BibliographyWarning{Ignoring postnote argument}}}   {\usebibmacro{citeindex}%    \usebibmacro{sfcite}%    \usebibmacro{cite:comp}}   {}   {\usebibmacro{cite:dump}}  \newbibmacro*{sfcite}{%   \ifciteseen   {}   {\xappto\cbx@citehook{%    \global\toggletrue{cbx@togcite}%    \noexpand\footnotetextA[\thefield{labelnumber}]{%      \fullcite{\thefield{entrykey}}\addperiod}}}}  \newrobustcmd{\cbx@superscript}[1]{%   %\mkbibsuperscript{\mkbibbrackets{#1}}%   \mkbibbrackets{#1}%   \cbx@citehook%   \global\let\cbx@citehook=\empty}  \let\cbx@citehook=\empty  \endinput


I am getting pushes for Android 6 Marshmallow on a couple devices.  I do not want or need it, especially with some changes that affect how the USB popup now has no "Just Once" option in 6.x (according to other reports).  So, without rooting them, is there a way to block/disable/remove the upgrade pending notification push "Software update ready to install".  Frankly I didn't want it to download it in the first place.  I am perfectly happy with Lollipop on them the way they are and I need the "Just Once" option with what I do with them via USB.  Now frequently when I unlock my phone (Galaxy S5) it pops up full screen and only option is "Now" or "Later".  There is no "Never" option.  On my tablet (nVidia Shield K1), it pops up every time I turn it on.  Any way to clear this upgrade sans root?  I guess if I have to root to get rid of this update, I will.  If thats the only option, I can figure out how to root the devices.  Past that anyone have instructions on the upgrade removal once rooted?


Last two days/ In the last two days / For the last two days

can anybody explain me the difference in usage of these three?  For example, is it correct to ask: How many cars did you buy last two days or How many cars did you buy in the last two days?   is there a difference in meaning if I say: How many cars did you buy in the last two days vs. How many cars have you bought in the last two days?   Does present perfect include today ? For example if I say:  How many cars have you bought in the last two days? The person will tell me how many cars he bought today and yesterday? Or he would tell me how many cars he bought yesterday and the day before yesterday?  If doctor asks me how have you been feeling in the last 2 days/for the last 2 days. He means today + yesterday or yesterday + the day before yesterday?  In my country we also have this kind of grammar.  For example we can say here something like. Last two days I am worrying too much. By which we mean that I was worrying yesterday and I am worrying today too. Can I use it the same way in English?  Thanks, if there is any resource about this grammar rules online, I would like to have a look thanks!


If I have 3 rods in a circle and it is allowed to move the disks only in the clockwise direction. How many moves is necessary to move n disks from first rod to the third rod?


Recover Vista install key from non-booting OS drive

A friend's Vista-based computer won't boot, so I am just going to format and reinstall.    The problem is that she never kept her product key for Vista.    Is there any way to recover that key from her hard drive (which is currently plugged into my computer as a secondary) without booting from it?


Any good examples of organizing plant info (germination, seedling care, planting, harvesting, etc.)?

I'm making a document to organize my plants (hundreds of different species) and want to have specific info for each. Basically a simplified how-to-care guide for each species, including at least the following info in tables (some with icons for things like shade/partial sun/full sun, etc):  Germination (stratification, growing medium, watering, light requirements) Seedling (when to transplant, soil needs and types, watering, light needs) Harvesting (when to harvest, what parts to harvest, storing seed)  I already have something set up in Excel which will include this info in separate tables for each growing phase, but I love LaTeX and it's so much prettier. I thought there would be some examples I could use for inspiration, but searching here and on Google/CTAN doesn't give anything relevant. Do I basically have to create this from scratch? Any leads would be appreciated! Edit: Here's what I have so far in Excel -- I didn't make the separate tables yet; right now it's all in one box:  Basically I wanna add germination info, seedling, harvesting, etc. in separate tables to reduce the huge block of text it has right now, and make navigating easier. Ideally or Maybe: In the output, have one page for each plant that includes this above general info (picture, names, seed sources (the URLs in the lower table), and general description) as well as the germination / seedling plant / harvesting info on separate tables. So maybe four/five tables total.


When I run my script outside ArcGIS it works because during execution script uses a GDAL and OGR modules from osgeo. When I use script as a tool in ArcGIS it does not work. In PySripter I can import all modules and it work. In Python Window in ArcGIS I cannot import because I get this error:     Parsing error SyntaxError: invalid syntax (line 2)    import ogr   Runtime error    Traceback (most recent call last):     File "", line 1, in      File "C:\Python27\ArcGIS10.1\lib\site-packages\osgeo\ogr.py", line 26, in        _ogr = swig_import_helper()     File "C:\Python27\ArcGIS10.1\lib\site-packages\osgeo\ogr.py", line 22, in swig_import_helper       _mod = imp.load_module('_ogr', fp, pathname, description)   ImportError: DLL load failed:   In the case when I import  gdal in ArcGIS Python Window I do not get this error. How to force arcgis to import ogr and use it in ModelBuilder or Script?? I check a lot of solutions includin reinstallation, changing and adding environment variables. I checked :       and I still do not have a good solution. Any idea?  UPDATE: I also try use direct importing in my script: import imp ogr = imp.load_source('ogr', 'c:\Python27\Lib\site-packages\osgeo\ogr.py' and I get the same error. If I use this method in standalone script it works.


Example of a function continuous at only one point.

Possible Duplicate:          I want to know some example of a continuous function which is continuous at exactly one point. We know that $f(x)=\frac{1}{x}$ is continuous everywhere except at $x=0$. But i think this in reverse manner but i dont get any example. So please help me out!


I can't seem to get the code within the second if statement to execute. I have logged both values being compared and also ran the debugger and checked them. They are both "a". It always shows the incorrectPasswordDialog. This question seems difficult because it seems as though it should just work but any help is appreciated.    private void logUserIn(AppUser user) {             if (user != null){                 Log.d("mPassword: ", mPassword);                 Log.d("user.getPassword(): ", user.getPassword());                 String userPassword = user.getPassword().toString();                 String formPassword = mPassword.toString();                 if ( userPassword == formPassword ){                     Intent welcomePage = new Intent(this, StartScreenActivity.class);                     welcomePage.putExtra("name", mName);                     startActivity(welcomePage);                 }                 else {                     showIncorrectPasswordDialog();                 }             }else {                 showIncorrectUserNameDialog();             }         }


Lat, long values extracted in QGIS do not match/overlay with polygons on map

I have been using QGIS to extract lat and long vertices from a number of shapefiles.  It worked great but for one file. When I create the lat and long for this file, the values are greater than 1,000,000.  The real lats and longs should be in the 40 to 90 and -40 to -90 range respectively.  I have tried many ideas posted in help groups but no luck. The shapefile is available at "".  If you can get the lats and longs in another software package and send them to me in a CSV file or Excel, it would be a major help. There are 250,955 features in the table.


Bad magic number in superblock external HDD

I have an external HDD that appears to be broken. Cannot be opened in Windows nor in Ubuntu (it is a NTFS file system). On Windows I have run (two times now) the command chkdsk. There it identifies certain memory segments which are unreadable. I thought that it would 'flag' these, and avoid them while trying to read in the HDD.  But after I ran that program, Windows was still unable to open it. So either I am wrong, or my disk is beyond repair.  Assuming that I am wrong, I turned to Ubuntu to see if gparted or fsck could be of any help. The 'check' function in gparted gave me an error... and not much additional information.  First checking where the partition is, running lsblk gives   sdb      8:16   0 298,1G  0 disk  └─sdb1   8:17   0 298,1G  0 part    Moving on to fsck, I ran the following command  root@...# fsck /dev/sdb1 -y fsck from util-linux 2.31.1   Nothing more. So that was quite strange. Therefore I tried the whole disk and not one partition. This gave  root@...# fsck /dev/sdb -y fsck from util-linux 2.31.1 e2fsck 1.44.1 (24-Mar-2018) ext2fs_open2: Bad magic number in super-block fsck.ext2: Superblock invalid, trying backup blocks... fsck.ext2: Bad magic number in super-block while trying to open /dev/sdb  The superblock could not be read or does not describe a valid ext2/ext3/ext4 filesystem.  If the device is valid and it really contains an ext2/ext3/ext4 filesystem (and not swap or ufs or something else), then the superblock is corrupt, and you might try running e2fsck with an alternate superblock:     e2fsck -b 8193 <device>  or     e2fsck -b 32768 <device>  Found a dos partition table in /dev/sdb   Thus the stated error is   fsck.ext2: Bad magic number in super-block while trying to open /dev/sdb   Since I am sure (thanks to gparted) that I am dealing with an ntfs file system, and not ext[0-9].. I think that the proposed solution (running ef2fsck is not applicable to me.  I don't know how to continue from here. I believe if certain memory segments can be avoided to read in.. I think I can retrieve some data from it. But I don't know how to do this.


Is matter a continuous part of the field of space-time?

I recently found this quote by Einstein (in On the Generalized Theory of Gravitation, 1950), and it seems to me like he is saying that matter is a part of the field of space-time, and is nothing more than an area of the field with very high energy. Is this correct?     According to general relativity, the concept of space detached from any physical content does not exist. The physical reality of space is represented by a field whose components are continuous functions of four independent variables-the coordinates of space and time. It is just this particular kind of dependence that expresses the spatial character of physical reality. Since the theory of general relativity implies the representation of physical reality by a continuous field, the concept of particles or material points cannot play a fundamental part, nor can the concept of motion. The particle can only appear as a limited region in space in which the field strength or the energy density are particularly high.


Please anonymize rather than incorrectly attribute close reasons to users

When a question is closed and the reason is not unanimous (or if a mod steps in), the close text will list the names of those involved in the closure along with the ultimate close reason calculated by the system, for example here in the history of :    This can result in the OP and others assuming particular votes were cast, eg in the example above, the OP assumed Craig Ringer had cast an "off-topic" vote, but in reality :     @JohnMerlino I just voted it for migration. It's seriously annoying the way Stack Overflow puts my name by it when it's closed when I didn't suggest that.... oh, it was closed by bluefeet (moderator). I've asked for migration + reopen. Sorry for the confusion...   (my emphasis)   Wouldn't it be better to anonymize the users who voted to close with a different reason than the eventually accepted one? eg:     Post Closed as "off-topic" by one user and bluefeet♦   or alternatively just:     Post Closed as "off-topic" by bluefeet♦.   In the latter case, if there is not a mod closure, experienced users would know that if there are less than five users shown it means a split decision. The post history could contain a fuller record of the vote.


If empty space is not really empty, what does the space between an atomic nucleus and its electrons consist of?

I'm currently reading Brian Greene's The Elegant Universe and have also picked up his other book - The Fabric of the Cosmos. In The elegant universe Brian makes up an interesting point that empty space is not really empty. This is according to string theory. Now I may be completely wrong, but lets consider the assumption that empty space is not really empty.  Now there are several analogies to explain the composition of an atom. One favorite analogy says that the atomic nucleus can be considered to be the size of a football placed in the center of a football field, with the electrons moving just outside this field. That's a lot of space! Assuming that empty space is not really empty, what does this atomic space consist of?


How can I convert characters from Pathfinder to D&D 5e?

I recently joined a 5e campaign group, but prior I was gearing up for a Pathfinder group. I found myself really enjoying creating characters and have made various under the Pathfinder rules. The Pathfinder group ended up falling through and I don't want these characters to go to waste, and was thinking I could use them in upcoming campaigns with my new 5e group. I have tried doing some research for the same races and classes. Some seem to have their own versions but others seem to lack one.  The character I am hoping to translate most would be my Sylph swashbuckler, but was also rather interested in the pathfinder "Bloodrager".  I've tried searching the this site but have only found questions asking about converting only races or enemies from D&D 3.5 to 5e, campaigns from 3.5 to Pathfinder, and only 1 question on translating a Pathfinder class (Bloodrager, coincidentally) but nothing on how to go about it.   I of course am aware a 1:1 parallel is unlikely. I am mostly looking for what the general conversion method is, as well as things I should keep note of when trying to translate characters.


Is there a systematic way of finding the conjugacy class and/or centralizer of an element?

Is there a systematic way of finding the conjugacy class and centralizer of an element? Could the task be simplified if we are working with "special groups" such as $S_n$ or $A_n$? Are there any intuitive approaches? Thanks.


Unfortunately I changed my Ubuntu 18.04 sources.list. How can I restore sources.list file in my Ubuntu software?  I got these errors while editing sources.list:  $ sudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list  ** (gedit:3491): WARNING **: 10:51:37.148: Set document metadata failed: Setting attribute metadata::gedit-spell-language not supported  ** (gedit:3491): WARNING **: 10:51:37.148: Set document metadata failed: Setting attribute metadata::gedit-encoding not supported  ** (gedit:3491): WARNING **: 10:51:52.500: Set document metadata failed: Setting attribute metadata::gedit-position not supported  $ sudo apt-get upadate E: Invalid operation upadate


I have an organization and i want install ubuntu?

I have my own an organization and i want to replace some system with ubuntu, do i have to buy ubuntu? Because i have heard ubuntu is free for use!!  Thanks ITTECH


For a set with N members, what is the number of set partitions in which each subset is either of size 1 or 2?

I have a set with $N$ members $\{1,2, \dots, N\}$. I would like to know number of set partitions in which each subset is either of size $1$ or $2$, i.e., cardinality of each subset in the partition is maximum $2$. For example with $N=3$, we have the set partitions of maximum size $2$ are $\{1,2,3\}, \{(1,2),3)\}, \{1,(2,3)\}, \{(1,3),2\}$. However I am not interested in $\{(1,2,3)\}$ since it is of length $3$. Kindly tell me number of such set partitions for a set with $N$ members.


What is the "~" at the end of some files on terminal?

When I look at my Desktop files on Terminal with the command ls, I see that some of my files have an extension like ~.  I wonder what is the meaning of it. As an example:   Untitled Document 1~


Troubles when trying to cite St\"{o}mer-Verlet in "title" field of a bib entry

I am writing a paper on the advancement of Stömer-Verlet method using the Elsevier template. However, I have a challenge when trying to cite. Take for example, in mybib  @article{Hairer03,     title   = "Geometric numerical integration illustrated by the St\"{o}rmer–Verlet method",     journal = "Acta Numer.",     volume  = "12",     pages   = "399--450",     year    = "2003",     doi     = "doi: 10.1017/S0962492902000144",     author  = "{E. Hairer, C. Lubich and G. Wanner}"}   If I type   title   = "Geometric numerical integration illustrated by the Stormer–Verlet method",   it will run but will not run if I type   title   = "Geometric numerical integration illustrated by the St\"{o}rmer–Verlet method",   In this case, what can I do?


Somebody can to help me in such exercices:     (1) A ring R such that $a^2 = a$ for all $a\in R$ is called a Boolean ring. Prove that every    Boolean ring R is commutative and $a + a = 0$ for all $a \in R$.       (2) Let R be a ring with more than one element such that for each nonzero $a\in R$ there is a unique $b \in R$ such that $aba = a$. Prove:            (a) R has no zero divisors.           (b) $bab = b$.           (c) R has an identity.           (d) R is a division ring.       My greatest difficulty in the question 2 is to prove that R has no zero divisors.   Thanks!


Primitive Pythagorean triple divisible by 3

Prove that for any primitive Pythagorean triple (a, b, c), exactly one of a and b must be a multiple of 3, and c cannot be a multiple of 3.  My attempt:  Let a and b be relatively prime positive integers.  If $a\equiv \pm1 \pmod{3}$ and $b\equiv \pm1 \pmod{3}$,   $c^2=a^2+b^2\equiv 1+1\equiv 2 \pmod{3}$  This is impossible as the only quadratic residues modulo 3 are 0 and 1.  So far, so good.  If one of a, b is $\equiv 0 \pmod{3}$ and the other is $\equiv \pm1 \pmod{3}$,  $c^2=a^2+b^2\equiv 0+1\equiv 1 \pmod{3}$  This is the part I don't understand. Just because $c^2\equiv 1\pmod{3}$ doesn't mean that $c^2$ must be a perfect square. For example, $a=12$ and $b=13$ satisfy the above conditions but $c^2=a^2+b^2=313$, which isn't a perfect square.


What kind of distribution is this "almost" uniformly distributed data for calls/week?

My supervisor asked me to find out which distribution represents a particular situation.  I have a VoIP generator that generates calls "uniformly" distributed between callers. This means that the volume per caller distribution is "almost" uniformly distributed between a minimum and maximum. So by running a test with 10000 users and a min value equal to 30 calls per week and a max value equal to 90 calls/week i obtain that not all the users respect this limits: we have some users that generate <30 calls and some other users that generate >90 calls. It is clear that the obtained distribution is not uniform.  The situation is this:    He said that i have to perform a sort of numerical process in order to find some formulas that could define this distribution. Initially, as wrote before,we wanted to obtain a uniform (min,max) distribution (the green area in the figure) but this is not the case as proved with chi-square test.  Moreover the curve in figure is not symmetric, the probability of call generation below 30 call/week and greater that 90 call/week are not identical (it is high for 90calls/week). The variability of the number of generated call increases with the increasing call generation rates.   "Actually implementation of this distribution is nothing but assigning different call rates in a range for users in domain which indicates implementation of several delta functions. As the call rates increases the variability of the generated calls also increases with the average call rate and this leads to the asymmetric behavior of the curve." [cit. from the Voipgenerator documentation]  Someone can help me?I think that now i cannot use Q-Q plot because i don't know which theoretical distribution i have to use in order to compare it with my empirical data.  Sorry if I have stressed with a similar problem a few weeks ago, but initially we thought we could change the implementation, but now we cannot. Hence i have to discover the type of the distribution i obtained and i don't know how can i do this.


C# function to find the delta of two numbers

I just wanted to know if there's anything built into the .net framework where I can easily return the delta between two numbers?  I wrote code that does this but it sounds like something that should be in the framework already.


Is there a keyboard shortcut to "unselect" in Windows Explorer?

If I've got a file (or files) selected in Windows Explorer, the only way I've found to "unselect" them is click with the mouse on some empty space.  I thought Esc would do this, but it doesn't. Also changing focus with Tab or Shift + Tab doesn't work; the file(s) are still selected even if focus goes to the address bar for instance.  Does anyone know of a keyboard shortcut to do this?


Ubuntu 16.04 problem with update after installation

I just started using Ubuntu. I installed Ubuntu 16.04 64bit(using a USB) and after the installation was over I tried to run   sudo apt-get update   The error I got is:    Aborted (core dumped)   Reading package lists... Done   E: Problem executing scripts APT::Update::Post-Invoke-Success 'if /usr/bin/test    -w /var/cache/app-info -a -e /usr/bin/appstreamcli; then appstreamcli refresh >    /dev/null; fi'   E: Sub-process returned an error code  Also, initially I had the Ubuntu has an internal error problem message just right installation (the first time I logged in), which I disabled using   sudo sed -i s/enabled=1/enabled=0/ /etc/default/apport   Any help or suggestion will be greatly appreciated. Thanks!


CPU throttling back, even after cooldown

Since I'm running a lot of FEM simulations on my Lenovo W520 laptop, I like to have maximum performance available. Using a nifty tool called ThinkPadFanControl, I'm able to boost my fan speed, so my CPU can run comfortably at >100% for most of the time (up to 2.9GHz on my 2.0GHz Intel i7), limited by 'normal' thermal throttling nicely to stabilize temperatures around 94°C.   However, every now and then, the CPU suddenly throttles back to minimum (8x, so 0.78GHz) for up to ten minutes. HWiNFO64 reports thermal throttling as No for all cores during those minutes; temperatures will fall well below 80°C, and all other temperatures (SMART, GPU, memory) seem to be fine as well. Performance becomes very sluggish, with visible delays in typing, switching between applications, etc.  Is this known behaviour in Intel Core i7 processors? How can I prevent or mitigate this?  In the meantime, I have updated my BIOS; I have disabled SpeedStepping so that the frequency remains below 2.0GHz, to no avail. However, I have also noticed some issues with my charger; perhaps a broken connection is causing the laptop to revert to battery saving mode, despite being connected to a charger.  Edit: It turned out the thermal paste was completely solidified, causing erratic behaviour - I suppose I hit some protection that is a bit more stringent than just the thermal throttling, so I was looking in the wrong direction. All is well now with new cooling paste; flagged the question as a duplicate.


Is there any way to spawn a Gameobject where only 2 has the same material/texture?

I am currently making a memory game where it spawns a 3D object into the scene and checks if the 2 game object is the same. So currently, my scripts is able to do the checking by using the name of the gameobject and able to spawn the amount of gameobject based on the amount of textures/material that is in the list but I have run into a problem where 3 or more of the same texture of the gameobject have spawn, which I was thinking of using Boolean to limit the amount of gameobject being spawn with the same texture, but I do not know how I should implement it into the code. By the way, with the current code, the gameobject spawns at the same location which I have not got into, as I was stuck due to having the current issue. public class CardControl : MonoBehaviour { public List<Material> materialList; public GameObject prefab; private Vector3 pos; private Quaternion rot = Quaternion.identity; private bool Same;  private float XPosition = 0f; private float YPosition = 0f; private float ZPosition = 0f;  private void Awake() {     pos = new Vector3(XPosition, YPosition, ZPosition);     Same = false;       for (int i = 0; i < (materialList.Count * 2); i++)     {         Material mat = RandomMaterial(materialList);                  InstantiateWithMaterial(prefab, pos, rot, mat);              } }  public Material RandomMaterial(List<Material>_List_) {      return _List_[Random.Range(0, _List_.Count)];      }  public void InstantiateWithMaterial(GameObject _prefab_, Vector3 _pos_, Quaternion _rot_, Material _mat_) {     GameObject obj_ = Instantiate(_prefab_, _pos_, _rot_);     obj_.gameObject.GetComponent<MeshRenderer>().material = _mat_;     obj_.name = _mat_.name + "1"; } }


I am working on a plugin to port over a Druapl 7 installation to WordPress. I've found some useful tutorials on how to do this for Druapl 6 but Drupal 7 seems to lack any information. Nonetheless, I was able to build the plugin and it works really good.   The issue I am having is getting the correct count (when you view tags from the post type) for terms in each post type. All post types have the same count, not relevant to their post type count.  This IS NOT the same as the proposed ....  I am using this query:  $result = $wpdb->query("     UPDATE {$wpdb->term_taxonomy} tt       SET `count` = (         SELECT COUNT(tr.object_id) FROM {$wpdb->term_relationships} tr WHERE tr.term_taxonomy_id = tt.term_taxonomy_id     ) ");   This seems to get the correct count but it's wrong (not post type specific, it's all post types). I have tags that are shared across all post types. So when I am in POSTs and I view tags, it shows me all the counts for all post types. The issue is when I click on the number to view the list of posts for the tag, I have none. All post types show the same count. I thought this should count on a per post type basis but it's not.  So my question is, what is my query missing?  I am trying to do this in a single query as there are no fixed post types and looping over every post type is just overkill and unnecessary.


In Avengers: Endgame, we see Doctor Strange and other sorcerers        open multiple portals at multiple locations across the universe to bring all the help they can get to fight against Thanos' army.    When last seen, Black Panther, Falcon, Wanda, etc. were in Wakanda, Wasp was in San Fransisco, Ravagers were on their Ship/Planet somewhere in the universe.  So, my first question is, how were they able to open inter-planet portals? Has it happened before?  and the second, how did Doctor Strange and fellow sorcerers know where to open the portals and look for help?


Defn: A set $X$ is connected if there do not exist non-empty, disjoint open sets $U,V$ s.t $U$ $\cup$ $V$ $=X$.  I thought intuitively that this meant that this was like the English dictionary definition of connected- there is no gap in the set.  It is easy to see $(0,1) \cup (2,3)$ is disconnected. Intuitively it seems $[0,1] \cup [2,3]$ is also disconnected- but by the mathematical definition it is connected. I cannot find a $U$ and $V$!   Also the Wikipedia defn is with closed $U$ and $V$ - how can the two be equivalent?


If $f:\mathbb{C}\to\mathbb{C}$ is Entire and $\vert f \vert\le A+B\vert z \vert^{3/2}$, then $f$ is Linear

I am given that $$\vert f \vert\le A+B\vert z \vert^{3/2}$$ and I would like to show that $f$ is a linear polynomial. A generalization of Liouville's Theorem says that if $\vert f\vert\le C\vert z \vert^k$ for some positive integer $k$, then $f$ is a polynomial of degree at most $k$. Since there is a power of $3/2$, this fact doesn't immediately apply. So we can write $\vert fz^{1/2}\vert\le D\vert z^2\vert$ for $\vert z \vert>R$ for some sufficiently large $R$.  Hence $fz^{1/2}$ is a polynomial of degree at most $2$. Say, $fz^{1/2}=a+bz+cz^2$ ($c$ may be $0$). Then $f=az^{-1/2}+bz^{1/2}+cz^{3/2}$, which is not a linear polynomial for two reasons (it's not a polynomial in $z$ and it's not linear in $z$). Where am I going wrong?


Which Ubuntu Flavor is best for old PC WITH Nvidia GeForce 6150SE nForce 430 and AMD 64Bit and 4 GB Ram?

I had horrible experience installing Ubuntu on my machine with Nvidia. Just want to hear some expert advice. Currently using Linux Mint but want to switch back to any Ubuntu flavor, just not sure which is best.


New to linux, installed ubuntu by crouton onto hp chromebook... need help

So I installed Ubuntu to use on my Chromebook by Crouton. I am using the Gnome shell because this is what I am learning in class. My problem is, I cannot upgrade it and am stuck at 16.04.6. I do not have much in the way of apps, to include an update manager. I installed my class version onto a virtual machine on another laptop but really want to use this Chromebook. The versions are not the same, that much is apparent just by looking at the windows and such. Is there a way to update it to 18.04? I tried the sudo apt-get update command from the terminal but had no luck, nothing was upgraded and nothing was installed. Please help


There's Conflicts in the Definitions of XNOR?

XNOR has two definitions:  \$1^{st}:XNOR=NOT(XOR)\$  \$2^{nd}: XNOR(A,B)=\overline{A}\cdot\overline{B}+A\cdot B\$  The problem is that these definitions are not equal in Odd inputs, the second definition acts as xor at odd inputs.  is the second really a definition or is it just the SOP of the first definition at 2 inputs?


Problem with rear faces showing in front when importing image as plane and extruding

I'm new to Blender and I'm using 2.82a. After uploading an image as plane and extruding a few faces inward, some faces that should be behind are appearing over top. Does this happen for anyone else? I've tried importing as both JPEG and PNG.   UPDATE: I've added another picture of a coke machine made with joined together "image as planes" that behaving the same way.


A man is trying "setting up" (or "to set up") password - difference in meaning?

We  that there's a difference in meaning between try used with the infinitive and  try used with the gerund:     I tried sending her flowers. (Meaning: An experiment: I sent her flowers to see what will happen).   I tried to send her flowers. (Meaning: I tried to go through the procedure necessary to send flowers to her. The procedure might have been difficult.)   (per Michael Swan's PEU, Unit 299.6)   Will the same distinction hold if we use trying:     A man is trying setting up a password on his computer. (Is he experimenting, wanting to see what will happen?)   A man is trying to set up a password on his computer. (Is he trying to go through all the necessary steps, probably difficult, of setting up a password?)


Is there a middle ground format between RAW and JPG?

JPG files use  (I've never heard of any camera that uses the alleged 12-bit-per-color-per-pixel extension) and is a compact way of storing images.  RAW files are huge but have the full image data from the image sensor which is likely to be more than 8 bits. (judging from recent DSP specs I would assume 12 bit ADCs are the norm... but how would you actually find out how many bits a particular camera provides?)  Is there anything similar to JPG which stores the file in a form that allows lossy compression for high spatial frequencies, but has more dynamic range than 8 bits?


I'm looking for a very simple architecture design program. If it were open source, that would be awesome! I just want to create a kind of map of rooms, and add only borders of furniture items.


Keyboard shortcut to settings in ubuntu 17.10/18.04?

Anyone know whether ubuntu 17.10/18.04 has a preset keyboard shortcut to to settings?


I am trying to prove that if a function $f:\mathbb{R} \to \mathbb{R}$ is bounded and the second derivative $f''$ is bounded, then the first derivative $f'$ is also bounded. My hint is to use Taylor's theorem.  I know for any $x$ and $y$, $f(y) = f(x) + f'(x)(y-x) + \frac{1}{2} f''(c)(y-x)^2,$ is  the Taylor approximation where $c$ is some point in between $x$ and $y$.  From this I get  $$f'(x)(y-x) = f(y) - f(x) - \frac{1}{2}f''(c)(y-x)^2.$$  If $|f(x)| < C$ and $|f''(x)| < D$ are bounds, then  $$|f'(x)| < \frac{|f(x)| + |f(y)|}{|y-x|} + \frac{1}{2} |f''(c)| |y-x| < \frac{2C}{|x-y|}+ \frac{D}{2}|x-y|.$$  I seem to be stuck at this point because both terms can be unbounded depending on $x$ and $y$.  Thank you for any help.


I can see this easily by definition. But will it have combinatorial meaning of  $\binom{n}{2} = \sum_{k=1} ^{n-1} (k)?$


Why are question that no longer fit the faq being deleted instead of "historically locked" when they have value for many?

A couple of recent blog posts pointed me to . This question was deleted and is now only visible to users with 10k+ reputation.  What is the reasoning for deleting it instead of putting a historical lock on it?  The answers are pretty valuable to anybody using the Delphi IDE, but are not available unless your reputation is so high you may not even need the answers.  Similar questions exist that have not yet been deleted. What is the risk of them being deleted instead of getting a historical lock? I would hate to see the content of those questions and answers lost to the greater part of this community.


I dual booted through usb after installation the computer restarted and ended up at busy box. I gave up waiting for root file system. and some other lines and in the end Alert /device/sda7 does not exist. Dropping to shell and if I try to boot Windows it's showing Windows needs repair. Both are installed on one hard drive. So basically I can't access any OS right now. Plz help


The units in $\mathbb{Z}[\zeta ],\zeta=e^{\frac{2\pi i}{3}}$

Let $\mathbb{Z}[\zeta]=\{a+b\zeta:a,b\in\mathbb Z\} $, and $\zeta=e^{\frac{2\pi i}{3}}=\frac{-1}2+\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}i$, ($\zeta^3=1$)  Define the norm $N:\mathbb Z[\zeta]\rightarrow \mathbb Z$ by $N(a+b\zeta)=a^2+b^2-ab$  I need to show that $\alpha$ is a unit iff $N(\alpha)=1$.($\alpha=a+b\zeta$) and finding all the units  I showed $\Rightarrow$, now if $N(\alpha)=1$, then $a^2+b^2-ab=1$, so clearly if $a=b=\pm 1, a=\pm 1\ \& \ b=0, and \ a=0\  \& \ b=\pm 1$  I need another method that is not involving  the calculations of the units. In fact, I need to write the general form of $\alpha^{-1}$, so I can confirm it is a unit.


Prime $p \geq 5$ is of the form $6k + 1$ or of the form $6k + 5$

Let $p$ be an odd prime.  Prove.  $p \geq 5$ is of the form $6k + 1$ or of the form $6k + 5$ for some nonnegative integer $k$.   The solution says that there are 3 cases: $a = 3k$, $a = 3k+ 1$, and $a = 3k + 2$, but I can't figure out how they got those cases.  Thanks for your help.


Do I understand this correctly about a Level 1 Druid in 5e  with Wisdom modifier of zero, s/he can only prepare 1 spell despite having 2 slots from which to cast ?


Let S closed subspace of E, where E is Banach space.   (1): Is there a decomposition of E in direct sum, E = S $\oplus$ N ?  (2): If (1) holds, we have that N has linear homeomorphism with E/S.  I know to prove (2), but I don't know if (1) is true.   Others questions:  a) In case that (1) is false, if S has finite dimension, it can be true (1)?  b) In case that (1) is false. If E/S has finite dimension, where  E/S has linear homeomorphism with Y,  is there a decomposition of E in direct sum, E = Y $\oplus$ S ?  Thanks!  (In my question, I don´t ask for complemented, i.e., my N is not necessarily closed.)  For (1), it has a negative answer. Suppose it's true, so for all S closed subspace of X, Banach space, we have that exists N subspace such that E = S $\oplus$ N. But, by this argument , N is closed.   So, every closed subspace is complemented, it's a contradiction with this  .    For (a), I found a positive answer, here:  , we have that "Finite-dimensional subspaces are always complemented; this follows from the Hahn–Banach theorem.".    But  (b)  remains open. I saw this  , however it's a different question.


An angle in an $80^\circ$-$80^\circ$-$20^\circ$ triangle?

In this picture $AB=AC$ and   $\begin{array}{l}  \angle A = 20 \\   \angle {B_1} = 70 \\   \angle {C_1} = 60 \\   \end{array}$  What is $\angle x$?


Why was Arcanine with the Legendary Birds in Veridian City in Pokémon Origins?

In Pokémon Origins, Red sees a image with the three legendary birds and Arcanine.     Why was Arcanine there? I mean, he's 'The Legendary Pokemon' but not a legendary Pokémon. In , there is a comment by  on the answer that Arcanine was originally a legendary Pokémon:     "...Nintendo first gave Zapdos, Articuno and Arcanine as the legendary trio. But they removed Arcanine as it would have been awkward. Two birds and a dog, huh!..."   This still does not add up because Pokémon Origins was created a while after they removed Arcanine. Any thoughts?


I was recently brushing up on my dynamics, when I saw the interpretation of how a car moves in a circular road. Apparently, the car can stay in a circle due to static friction acting inwards. But I don't seem to understand exactly why this force exists and where it originates. What kind of motion causes it to exist?


First sentence:     I contribute to projects I love.   Second sentence:     I contribute to projects that I love.   I used to use the first one, but I am not sure if it is right or wrong when omitting "that".


Is there a good way to print n elements of a list, for example 10, after that the next 10 numbers?      liste = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20]     for i in range(0,len(liste),10):         for j in range(10):         print(liste[j])   This just prints the numbers from 1-10 and begins at 1 again.  I want something like this:  1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10 11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20   bassically cut the list into parts of n elements the same size.


MySQL SELECT two tables while substituting the values of a first table's field with the values of the second table's field


How would you animate/rig a cube which moves with its own body power?  The cube has no legs. It has to pushes itself while taying stitch to a plane and rotate on its edges.  I tried to manually add Keyframes and change the Pivot Point to the particular corner, but that doesn't work because is not possible to keyframe the pivot of the rotation.


I have an object that is visible, and on frame 30 I'd like that object to be invisible, the same way you would hide an object with 'h' and un-hide it with 'alt+h'. Is there a way to achieve this without an material alpha?


Unbroken line in preview text causes whole post block to side scroll

I saw the following result , where one of the post summary previews contains a long unbroken line of text. This causes the entire post block itself to show a horizontal side scroll as opposed to just the preview text area.  Seems like there is a really long connected string that doesn't allow it to be cut off!


What did Barry Allen inherit by watching the confession video?

Here's the scene:     Lawyer: As you know, Harrison Wells left the property to you as part of his living trust.   Barry: Yeah, which I did not ask him to do, but I've been keeping the place up.   Lawyer: Well, It's going to take more than cleaning the floors to retain it, I'm afraid. The facility and the real estate are scheduled to go into receivership at the end of this week unless you watch this.   We know Barry inherited STAR Labs and some property (see the "Hall of Justice" hangar in the Invasion Crossover event), but it's not explained is if this trust included other funds to help care for the various properties, or if the trust handles all that and he simply gets to use the places.   I don't know if we're meant to assume his inheritance from Wells included more than the lab/hangar. What all was included in Barry's inheritance?  Was it only property? Were there liquid assets? Of the properties we know of, can we estimate their value?


Let $V=\mathbb{R}^n$ with an inner product. I need to show that $\operatorname{ker}(A^T) = (\operatorname{Im} A)^\perp$. I showed that $\operatorname{Im} A^T \subset \operatorname{ker}(A^T)$ but somehow I'm not able to show the other way $\operatorname{ker}(A^T) \subset \operatorname{Im} A^T$. Can someone give me just the idea how to show the other way (no full proof!) Thank you very much! ;)


JavaScript local and global variable confusion

I am new to JavaScript and I was doing some practices on local and global variable scopes. Following is my code():   var myname = "initial" function c(){     alert(myname);     var myname = "changed";     alert(myname); } c();    When the first alert is called, it is showing myname as undefined. So my confusion is why I am not able to access a global instance of myname and if I don't define myname within the function then it will work fine.


I'm doing a sort of donut for my first time in Blender. I'm at a point where my icing is seen from the different views except when I'm in the rendeder view. I tried a few things like enable camera in the ray visibility or some others but no one works. It really weird because the springles on top of it are shown but not the icing. Can someone help me, I'm a beginner on it so I don't know how to fix it ?? Below there are the first image that is from the viewport shading and the second one is from the render. Thank you in advance.


I had to solve: $z^2 + 1 - i = 0$. What I did:  $$z_{1, 2} \frac{-0 \pm \sqrt{0 - 4(1 - i)}}{2} = \pm \sqrt{i - 1}$$  Now, I need to find $\Im(z_{1, 2})$ and $\Re(z_{1,2})$.  I think there is a way to solve it using the trigonometric representation, right? I somehow didn't found what I wanted so I'd love if someone can just tell me what I should look up. I'm okay with you people just giving me the proper term to google. :)  Thanks


[root@newserver Socket]# /root/scripts/filetest testfile.txt Can't locate loadable object for module IO::Socket::Multicast in @INC (@INC contains: /usr/local/lib64/perl5/IO/Socket /usr/local/lib64/perl5 /usr/local/share/perl5 /usr/lib64/perl5/vendor_perl /usr/share/perl5/vendor_perl /usr/lib64/perl5 /usr/share/perl5   filetest is calling "use IO::Socket::Multicast;"  The contents of the directory /usr/local/lib64/perl5/IO/Socket is the following:  -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 12342 Mar 22  2017 INET.pm   -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 14201 Nov 30 10:13 Multicast.pm   -rw-r--r--. 1 root root  3111 Mar 22  2017 UNIX.pm   Why can't perl find the Multicast.pm?


How to read zero-length file from /sys/fs/cgroup/ in Java?

I'd like to read the content of the /sys/fs/cgroup/ files (eg. cpuacct.usage) from Java. I've already implemented the reading algorithm based on  answer. The issue is that the cgroup files have 0 length by default. Each of the algorithms listed in the linked answer determines the size of the file before start to read from it, and because the file.length() returns 0, it will attempt to read 0 bytes from the file.  Here is the reading algorithm:  private String readFile(File file) {     DataInputStream stream = null;     String content = "";      try {         stream = new DataInputStream(new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(file)));         final byte[] data = new byte[(int) file.length()]; // new byte[1024] throws exception          stream.readFully(data);         content = new String(data);     } catch (IOException e) {         e.printStackTrace();     } finally {         if (stream != null) {             try {                 stream.close();             } catch (IOException e) {                 e.printStackTrace();             }         }     }     return content; }


I put the following reference in my .bib file:  @ONLINE{MyID,     title = {My title},     howpublished = {\url{URL}} }   However, since the used URL contains underscores, the URL is visualized as a mathematical formula (where the letters that are adjacent to underscores are visualized as subscripts). Moreover, it continues after the page margin, while it would be better to have it on the next line.  What is the best way of rendering an URL, avoiding these problems?  Thanks in advance.


Why were all the planets so close together in “The Force Awakens?”

So, in “The Force Awakens” when the First Order uses Starkiller Base to destroy the current seat of the Republic Senate, why are all the planets in that system so close together?  I realize that in the Extended Universe, the Corellian System was pulled together by a gigantic tractor beam and I could see that those planets might be closer than normal. But these planets shown are so literally close to one another that they could practically all be moons of each other. The only thing I could think was that these planets were all moons around a gas giant or something similar.  I realize their is artistic license and that the whole thing is a bit stretching of the imagination but this is what bugged me the most about that scene.


I have read in the book 'Introduction to solid state physics' by Kittel that phonons do not carry any physical momentum. But what is the reason for phonons not having any physical momentum?


Evaluate $\int_0^\infty\frac{\sin^4x}{x^2}dx$ with $\int_0^\infty\frac{\sin x}{x}dx=\frac{\pi}{2}$$$$$ I use $\int_0^\infty\int_0^\infty e^{-x^2y}\sin x dy dx=\int_0^\infty\int_0^\infty e^{-x^2y}\sin x dx dy $ to evaluate the integration, I wonder how to use $\int_0^\infty\frac{\sin x}{x}dx=\frac{\pi}{2}$ to evaluate $\int_0^\infty\frac{\sin^4x}{x^2}dx$ more efficiently.


Is it true that $\mathbb{Z}[i]/m\mathbb{Z}[i]$ has exactly $\text{N}(m)$ elements?

As the question title suggests, is it true that $\mathbb{Z}[i]/m\mathbb{Z}[i]$ has exactly $\text{N}(m)$ elements?


With relation to  Question which is about editing the question makes a comment meaningless, today I saw another situation where when a comment was flagged and deleted comments following the flagged comment, became meaningless as in  question.  In that scenario, after Jon Skeet's comment (2nd comment), other comments address the now deleted 3rd comment by the OP, which insulted one of the commentors. And since it is deleted, those comments following it, make no sense.  How can we avoid such a situation?


Toggling only a single class as active in a list with vanilla JS or CSS

Every time I toggle active class in a list (to dynamically change DOM content) I find that I always go to this approach to check and clear which class is active. I'm still fairly new to using pure javascript so I'm wondering if there is a better, simpler approach?  It feels like having to run a second function to clear out all active classes seems grunty.   I've included an example of how I do it.    var specialNav = document.getElementById("special-nav");  if (specialNav) {   var navItems = specialNav.getElementsByTagName('li');   var i;   for (i = 0; i < navItems.length; i++) {     navItems[i].addEventListener("click", function() {       if (!this.classList.contains('active')) {         clearActives(navItems);         this.classList.toggle('active');       }     });   } }  function clearActives(classlist) {   if (classlist) {     for (i = 0; i < classlist.length; i++) {       classlist[i].classList.remove('active');     }   } } .active {   color: red }  li {   cursor: pointer; }

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Prove that $a<b+\epsilon$ for all $\epsilon>0$ implies $a\le b$   Can anybody help me with this question? I am new to this topic.


It says "question eligible for bounty since Feb 16" but there is no link to start the bounty

In    it is said:  "question eligible for bounty since Feb 16" but there is no link to start the bounty ...  Could someone explain what is going on there?  P.S. I just deleted my answer and yet there is no link to start the bounty ... So what is happening now?


new to this forum. Does anyone know what math font this is and how I can use it/if it's available free? It's from "An Introduction to the Theory of Mechanism Design" by Tilman Börgers (this clip from page 12). Thanks very much.


Redirecting all 404 pages in Wordpress is not good SEO, but what is?

Maybe a silly question, but if you have a 404 error, than Google does not want to index your site. Of course you are going to say: 'who said that, that's not true', I know... But Google does not like 8000 404 errors either :) And that's the case on my site...  Well, I have to say that the structure of my website is built this way. People can post from the front end and link to non-existing posts. That's fine with me, but not fine with Google. I have read many topics here and I saw that redirecting these pages to the homepage (301) is not good too...   But what is than? In Webmasters I am seeing 8000 crawl errors, which are leading to bad results in Google (I know that, because before that it was much better). What should I do know? What is a solution if 404 and 301's are not?


What is the sum of this series: $$S(z) = \sum_{n=1}^{\infty}{n^2z^n}$$  I know it diverges to infinity. Does the sum just equal infinity then?


Could the 4 Forces Split Off or "Decay" into Other Forces in the Distant Future?

From my basic understanding of popular-level physics articles and books and such, the 4 forces (Electromagnetism, Gravity, Strong and Weak Force) used to be 1 force in the early universe, then split off into the 4 forces as the universe expanded and cooled down.  I'm wondering, if the universe is continuously expanding and cooling down, could the 4 forces split off or "decay" again in the far future? Has anyone theorized about this at all? Billions of trillions of years in the future, might magnets cease to induce electrical currents, or could electrical activity cease to carry a magnetic component, or could the Weak Force break up into its individual components?


This anacron cron job is sending emails to me - how can I redirect the output to null?

$ cat update-notifier-common  #!/bin/sh  set -e  [ -x /usr/lib/update-notifier/package-data-downloader ] || exit 0  # Try to rerun any package data downloads that failed at package install time. /usr/lib/update-notifier/package-data-downloader   What modifications should I do here to avoid the output being emailed to me every week?  Thanks!


Some words used to have a different meaning. For example, according to this link, here are a list of twenty words that originally had a different meaning from the connotation that we associate it with today. One example would be nice. Before nice meant silly, now nice means that a person is kind or the antonym of mean. Is there a single-word or phrase that describes the phenomenon. It kind of reminds of a paradigm shift in science, when an idea that was thought to be true is changed. For example, the heliocentric theory replaced the geocentric theory.  The link:


I've read people's responses to this question but they are not convincing to me.   For example, someone said that you can't just choose an element from each set of the family because it's not clear how to choose them. But don't we have the same problem when the the family is finite? For non-empty sets $A$ and $B$, to prove that $A\times B$ is non-empty, we also have to choose an element $a\in A$ and $b\in B$. How come we don't need an axiom for that?  In another post, @Arthur wrote,      the axiom of choice takes you from the statement $∀i(∃x_i∈X_i)$ to the statement $∃f(∀i(f(i)∈X_i))$   I try to understand what prevents us to go from the first statement to the second without axiom of choice. (As I'm learning set theory with the book of Halmos, I stick to his definitions. ) By his definition a function $f$ from $I$ to $X$ is a subset of $I\times X$ such that $\forall x,y\in X, \forall i\in I, (i,x)=(i,y)\implies x=y$. Assuming the first statement, we consider the "collection" (for want of a better word) $C$ of elements in $I\times \cup_{i\in I} X_i$, such that for all $(i,x)\in I\times \cup_{i\in I} X_i$, $(i,x)$ is in $C$ if and only if $x=x_i$. As far as I can see, the only reason why $C$ might not be a function that qualifies for the second statement is that the "collection" $C$ may not be a subset of $I\times \cup_{i\in I} X_i$. (I just realized today that a "subcollection" may not be a subset.) Is that where the problem is?  Finally, can we say that the syntax of first order logic can handle the case where the family is finite, but not in the infinite case?


So for some reason this works in a class contructor but not outside a class I was wondering as to why and how could I get my map to work outside a class.   #include <iostream> #include <string> #include <map>   typedef std::map <std::string, int> idMap;  idMap type_id;   type_id["Moon"] = 1; type_id["Star"] = 2; type_id["Sun"] = 3;   int main() {      std::cout << type_id["Moon"] << std::endl;  }   The compiler errors I get are as follows  11:1: error: 'type_id' does not name a type 12:1: error: 'type_id' does not name a type 13:1: error: 'type_id' does not name a type    I am looking for an example like this that would work, also if you can tell me why this won't work.


Birational map from elliptic curve keeps smoothness?

Let $E$ be a elliptic curve that is , genus $1$ smooth curve with base point. And suppose that the map $φ$, which sends $E$ to $E'$, is birational. Birational means there are two rational maps on both direction which composites identity. Then, can we say that $E'$ is smooth?


Prove that $\liminf x_n = -\limsup (-x_n)$

How can we prove that $\liminf x_n = -\limsup (-x_n)$?  The definitions we are using are $\limsup x_n = \lim\limits_{n\to\infty} \sup\{x_k; k\ge n\}$ $\liminf x_n = \lim\limits_{n\to\infty} \inf\{x_k; k\ge n\}$


My question was marked as a duplicate, but the referenced question only has comments

Today I asked this question:   After I got 3 good answers and many comments, my question was closed as a duplicate of this one:    But that question has no answers, just comments. Is this a valid closure?  Also, why did my question receive a score of -5 and the linked question got a score of +5, even both are similar and discussing the same subject? Is there any problem with my question?  (Note: I just want to get a better idea about Stack Overflow. That's why I'm asking for an explanation)


How can I make the volume change in smaller increments?

When I press the volume up/down keys on my keyboard, the volume changes too much. How can I make the step size smaller so that I have finer control?


I have Xubuntu 18.04.3, and whenever I try to install a package through apt-get I get the following message.    Removing linux-image-5.0.0-31-generic (5.0.0-31.33~18.04.1) ... /etc/kernel/postrm.d/initramfs-tools: update-initramfs: Deleting /boot/initrd.img-5.0.0-31-generic /etc/kernel/postrm.d/zz-update-grub: Sourcing file `/etc/default/grub' /usr/sbin/grub-mkconfig: 35: /etc/default/grub: FROM:: not found run-parts: /etc/kernel/postrm.d/zz-update-grub exited with return code 127 dpkg: error processing package linux-image-5.0.0-31-generic (--remove):  installed linux-image-5.0.0-31-generic package post-removal script subprocess returned error exit status 1 Errors were encountered while processing:  linux-image-5.0.0-31-generic libdvd-pkg: Package libdvdcss2-1.4.2-1 was removed, stop processing... E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)   Contents of /etc/default/grub:  # If you change this file, run 'update-grub' afterwards to update # /boot/grub/grub.cfg. # For full documentation of the options in this file, see: #   info -f grub -n 'Simple configuration'  GRUB_DEFAULT=0 GRUB_TIMEOUT_STYLE=hidden GRUB_TIMEOUT=10 GRUB_DISTRIBUTOR=`lsb_release -i -s 2> /dev/null || echo Debian` GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash" GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="persistent"  # Uncomment to enable BadRAM filtering, modify to suit your needs # This works with Linux (no patch required) and with any kernel that obtains # the memory map information from GRUB (GNU Mach, kernel of FreeBSD ...) #GRUB_BADRAM="0x01234567,0xfefefefe,0x89abcdef,0xefefefef"  # Uncomment to disable graphical terminal (grub-pc only) #GRUB_TERMINAL=console  # The resolution used on graphical terminal # note that you can use only modes which your graphic card supports via VBE # you can see them in real GRUB with the command `vbeinfo' #GRUB_GFXMODE=640x480  # Uncomment if you don't want GRUB to pass "root=UUID=xxx" parameter to Linux #GRUB_DISABLE_LINUX_UUID=true  # Uncomment to disable generation of recovery mode menu entries #GRUB_DISABLE_RECOVERY="true"  # Uncomment to get a beep at grub start #GRUB_INIT_TUNE="480 440 1"  FROM: GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="" GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="" TO: GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="ipv6.disable=1" GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="ipv6.disable=1"


I want to retrieve details of the users of our Marketing Cloud account using SOAP. Looked through the document and created the below SOAP envelop. It is working fine but does not retrieve the Associated Business Units and Roles for the users    What am I missing?  <s:Envelope xmlns:s="http://www.w3.org/2003/05/soap-envelope" xmlns:a="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2004/08/addressing" xmlns:u="http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-wss-wssecurity-utility-1.0.xsd"> <s:Header>   <a:Action s:mustUnderstand="1">Retrieve</a:Action>   <a:MessageID>urn:uuid:5dfca442-f1a0-4f7c-9419-8ace5658d2a3</a:MessageID>   <a:ReplyTo>      <a:Address>http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/ws/2004/08/addressing/role/anonymous</a:Address>   </a:ReplyTo>   <a:To s:mustUnderstand="1">https://webservice.s6.exacttarget.com/Service.asmx</a:To>   <o:Security s:mustUnderstand="1" xmlns:o="http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-wss-wssecurity-secext-1.0.xsd">      <o:UsernameToken u:Id="uuid-88b91f91-bac2-489b-90fb-37e7b256e20c-1">         <o:Username>xxx</o:Username>         <o:Password>xxx</o:Password>      </o:UsernameToken>   </o:Security> </s:Header> <s:Body xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">   <RetrieveRequestMsg xmlns="http://exacttarget.com/wsdl/partnerAPI">   <RetrieveRequest>       <ObjectType>AccountUser</ObjectType>      <QueryAllAccounts>true</QueryAllAccounts> // to enable child accounts      <Properties>email</Properties>      <Properties>ActiveFlag</Properties>      <Properties>CreatedDate</Properties>      <Properties>isAPIUser</Properties>      <Properties>UserID</Properties>      <Properties>LastSuccessfulLogin</Properties>       <AssociatedBusinessUnits>         <BusinessUnit>      <Properties>Name</Properties>      </BusinessUnit>      </AssociatedBusinessUnits>      <Roles>         <Role>      <Properties>Name</Properties>      </Role>      </Roles>    </RetrieveRequest>   </RetrieveRequestMsg> </s:Body>  </s:Envelope>


How to safely insert data to mysql using php pdo

I have this php pdo:  try {                         $STH = $db->prepare("INSERT INTO racuni (napomene) VALUES (:12)");                  $STH->bindParam(':12', $_POST['napomena'], PDO::PARAM_STR);                } catch (PDOException $e) {                 echo $e->getMessage();             }   and now when I try to add this data to mysql:  <script>alert('heheheheheheh')</script>   there is no string escapes? And in database I have the same data:<script>alert('heheheheheheh')</script>  SO,  What is the best, safe way to insert data to mysql using php pdo?


How to split a list of 2-tuples into two lists?

I have a list of many 2-tuples.  I would like to split the list into two lists, one list consisting of the first elements of all the tuples in the list, and the other list consisting of the second elements of all the tuples. I wonder how to do that efficiently? Thanks!  For example, I have a list y:  >>> y = [('ab',1), ('cd', 2), ('ef', 3) ] >>> type(y) <type 'list'>   I hope to get two lists ['ab', 'cd', 'ef'] and [1, 2, 3].


How do I set annotations on a facing page?

It's common to set an old play (e.g. Shakespeare) with annotations on the left page and reference information on the right. I don't want to do this for a play, but I would like to set a document with annotations on one page and text on the facing page.  The catch is that I want to ensure that the annotations have parallel section spacing, because the length of the annotation may be longer or shorter than the corresponding section in the document, and I don't really want to make it so that you have to switch back and forth between documents.  That is, I would like it something like this:  +-----------------+    +-----------------+ | Heading         |    | Heading         | | -------         |    | -------         | | annotation      |    | this paragraph  | |                 |    | is long         | |                 |    |                 | | Heading 2       |    | Heading 2       | | ---------       |    | ---------       | | this annotation |    | short paragraph | | is really long  |    |                 | +-----------------+    +-----------------+   Does anyone know of a package that can do this, or an alternate way to achieve the objective of lining up the document and annotations?


I roll a die $N$ times, what is the probability that the sum is exactly $k$?

The die is six-sided. So, this is easy with a two-sided coin showing exactly $k$ heads, as that is just a Bernoulli trial being run $n$ times (Binomial RV).  You can also approximate this using a normal random variable with $N(3.5\times n, \frac{35}{12} \times n)$. But that doesn't yield an exact answer for $k$. I can get an answer for the value being $at\ least\ k$, that is easy. In fact, as $n$ approaches infinity, .  I can also run a simulation that will get me to a close value for a given $n$ and $k$.  But how do I figure out the exact value? This is not a continuous distribution, this is discrete. i.e. what is the generalized formula for this? There are many posts online that show all the previously mentioned methods, I couldn't find anything for a generalized version of the exact solution to this problem, however.


Is this ring a PID? What are its invertible and irreducible elements?

$R$ = $\left\{ {\left(\dfrac{a}{3^{n}}\right)|\; n \in N_{0}, a ∈ \mathbb{Z} }\right\}$. Is $R$ a PID? What are the invertible elements of $R$? What are the irreducible elements of $R$?   My thoughts: I think this is a PID, but I don't know how to begin proving this. I think the invertible elements are the elements such that $a=3^{m}$ for some $m ∈ N_{0}$?


How do I sample a -2 V to +2 V analog signal with a PIC microcontroller?

I am using a PIC micro with a 10bit ADC to take readings from an analog signal with a frequency less than 300 hz. However that analog signal is in the range of -2 V and +2 V. How can I condition the signal to get it into a usable range (assuming the input to the ADC has to be positive) Also I do not have a positive and negative power supply.


What is the largest possible variance of a random variable on $[0; 1]$?  It is evident that it does not exceed $1$, but I doubt, that $1$ is actually possible. The largest variance, for which I found the example is $\frac{1}{4}$. That is the variance of a random variable $X$, such that $P(X = 1) = P(X = 0) = \frac{1}{2}$, but I doubt that  it is the largest possible one.  Why is it interesting:  Initially I wanted to find the largest possible second moment of $X - Y$, where $X$ and $Y$ are i.i.d. random variables on $[0; 1]$. Then I found: $$E(X - Y)^2 = E(X^2 - 2XY + Y^2) = EX^2 - 2EXY + EY^2 = 2(EX^2 - EXY + EXY - EXEY + Cov(X, Y)) = 2(EX^2 - {(EX)}^2) = 2VarX$$ And thats where I am now.  This question is partially inspired by:


We recently bought an Android Shopping App for Smartphones (supporting 2.2 to current version). Sadly, the app ist not available for tablets.  Is it just a button in the IDE to create a tablet version (not tablet optimized) or is there much more to do?  For example: every iOS iPhone App is running on an iPad (looks ugly, but works)


The Physical Meaning behind a Commutator

I've just been introduced to the idea of commutators and I'm aware that it's not a trivial thing if two operators $A$ and $B$ commute, i.e. if two Hermitian operators commute then the eigenvalues of the two operators can be measured with certainty simultaneously.  But what is the physical significance when two operators do not commute such as to give a certain value? For example the position and momentum operator do not commute and give a value of $i\hbar$. What is the significance of the $i\hbar$?


SLD encoding with GeoServer REST Configuration

I am using the GeoServer REST Configuration to add the following SLD file to GeoServer:  <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?> <StyledLayerDescriptor version="1.0.0" xmlns:ogc="http://www.opengis.net/ogc" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.opengis.net/sld http://schemas.opengis.net/sld/1.0.0/StyledLayerDescriptor.xsd" xmlns="http://www.opengis.net/sld">   <NamedLayer>     <Name>MyWorkspace:MyLayer</Name>     <UserStyle>       <Name>MyLayer_default_style</Name>       <Title>MyLayer</Title>       <Abstract>Default style for Mylayer</Abstract>       <FeatureTypeStyle>         <Rule>           <Title>Polygon</Title>           <PolygonSymbolizer>             <Fill>               <CssParameter name="fill">#CBCCCC</CssParameter>             </Fill>             <Stroke>               <CssParameter name="stroke">#CBCCCC</CssParameter>               <CssParameter name="stroke-width">1</CssParameter>             </Stroke>           </PolygonSymbolizer>         </Rule>       </FeatureTypeStyle>     </UserStyle>   </NamedLayer> </StyledLayerDescriptor>   I have used the example from the  and the sld file is added to GeoServer like expected. But the encoding of the sld file in GeoServer is now "UTF-8" instead of "ISO-8859-1" which I declared.  See the SLD created by GeoServer below:  <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <sld:StyledLayerDescriptor xmlns="http://www.opengis.net/sld" xmlns:sld="http://www.opengis.net/sld" xmlns:ogc="http://www.opengis.net/ogc" xmlns:gml="http://www.opengis.net/gml" version="1.0.0">   <sld:NamedLayer>     <sld:Name>MyWorkspace:MyLayer</sld:Name>     <sld:UserStyle>       <sld:Name>MyLayer_default_style</sld:Name>       <sld:Title>MyLayer</sld:Title>       <sld:Abstract>Default style for Mylayer</sld:Abstract>       <sld:FeatureTypeStyle>         <sld:Name>name</sld:Name>         <sld:Rule>           <sld:Title>Polygon</sld:Title>           <sld:PolygonSymbolizer>             <sld:Fill>               <sld:CssParameter name="fill">#CBCCCC</sld:CssParameter>             </sld:Fill>             <sld:Stroke>               <sld:CssParameter name="stroke">#CBCCCC</sld:CssParameter>             </sld:Stroke>           </sld:PolygonSymbolizer>         </sld:Rule>       </sld:FeatureTypeStyle>     </sld:UserStyle>   </sld:NamedLayer> </sld:StyledLayerDescriptor>   I have tested this using GeoServer 2.1 (all RC and final release).  How can I add the SLD by using the GeoServer REST Configuration with my declared encoding and not "UTF-8"?


I'm using twoside on my article. The first pages in the report (Abstract and preface) has the correct margins (larger margins to the right for left-pages, and larger margins to the left for right-pages).  However, the margins swap when the toc begins, and remains wrong for the rest of the report.  Any suggestions? I don't know how to make a MWE of this problem.  EDIT: It turns out that the first pages have wrong margins, while the rest of the article has correct margins.


P(A) $\subset$ P(B) implies A $\subset $ B proof or disproof.  I have a strange feeling this is false but I do not know. Something to do with P(A) $\subset$ P(B) seems strange since P(B) is itself a powerself with P(A) being a subset.


Electric shock/mild vibrating sensation on MacBook Pro when charging

Every time I plug my MagSafe 2 power supply into an power outlet, this Mac's aluminum body gives me a mild vibrating sensation and sometimes an electric shock. After searching for info about my problem on many forums, they believe there's some problem with my grounding.  My country's electricity is about 220v. If I plug it into a 110v power outlet should it solve the problem?  I'm not an electrician so I don't really know what to do.


Change directory and then chain (`exec`) a command?

Is there a command to run an arbitrary command in a specific directory?  In Debian 10, I could simply use .  However, env --chdir is not available on my Debian 9 install.  Part of the command I want to run is composed using shell variables, which could contain spaces or other special characters.  For example, imagine the command I want to run is:  strace -- "$@"   Therefore, the following would not work:  sudo -i sh -c 'cd my-directory && exec strace -- "$@"'     uh, why do you want to do this?  I want to use sudo -i / sudo --login to run a command.  But I want to run the command in a specific directory, not the home directory of the root user.  Although sudo can set environment variables, it does not appear to have an option to change directory.    I am using sudo -i because: 1) I want the program I am running (my Ansible playbook) to have HOME=/root, which will avoid the program creating root-owned files in my home directory. 2) This sounded like an example of a family of problems with sudo without -i; an entirely fresh environment sounded like the most principled way to solve my problem.


First Order Logic: Write a sentence which makes the domain a square number

The language has three unary function symbols f,g and h. The domain is a square if the model is a model of this sentence and the domain is finite.


I recently wrote a couple of extensions to the JS array prototype  Array.prototype.diff = function (a) {     return this.filter(function (i) {         return !(a.indexOf(i) > -1);     }); };  Array.prototype.udiff = function (a, b) {     var rslt = this.concat(b);     return rslt.filter(function (i) {         return !(a.indexOf(i) > -1);     }); };   Nothing terribly exciting there.  But then I ran into something quite unusual.  Here is an example  var arr = []; for (prop in arr) {     arr[prop].attrib = arr[prop].attrib.replaceAll('_', ' ', true); }   Quite an innocent looking piece of code but it came back to me with an error along the lines of "undefined does not have method replaceAll - where replaceAll is my own String.prototype extension.  The solution is simple - before manipulating arr[prop] just issue   if ('string' == typeof(prop)) continue;   The reason being that prop can also be diff or udiff.  So, problem solved but this behavior did take me off my guard and having to do the additional typeof test does sound clumsy.  Perhaps someone here has deeper insights into what happens with prototype extensions?  I should mention that all of these issues occured in Chrome on Windows.


We often go there in/on friday evenings?

Yes speaking wise on seems much better. But if friday is adjective then preposition must be according to evening i.e. it should be in.


I have learned in class that for Python, characters stars from [0]. For example in Monty Python, 'M'=0, 'o'=1, 'n'=2, 't'=3, 'y'=4, ' '=5, 'P'=6, 'y' = 7, 't' = 8, 'h'=9, 'o' = 10, and 'n' = 11.  But I am confused when I saw the following operation on NLTK:   genre_word = [(genre, word) for genre in ['news', 'romance']                             for word in brown.words(categories=genre)]  genre_word[:4] genre_word[-4:]   I thought all character numbering starts with [0]. What does the [-4:] means?


1pt vertical space after/before \includegraphics

Where does the approximately 1-point vertical white space between subsequent figure rows come from? You may see it in my MWE only if you zoom in between the rows. I have tried a couple of things to get rid of it, yet only \vspace*{-1pt} seems to help. However, I found this quite symptomatic, and I am not even sure 1pt is the correct length.  \documentclass{article} \usepackage{mwe} \newcommand{\ig}{\includegraphics{example-grid-100x100bp.jpg}} \setlength\parindent{0pt} \setlength\parskip{0pt} \setlength\baselineskip{0pt} \setlength\floatsep{0pt} \setlength\textfloatsep{0pt} \setlength\intextsep{0pt} \renewcommand\baselinestretch{1.0} \begin{document}     Which \textit{vertical} space is this between the graphics?      \ig\ig\ig     %\vspace*{-1pt}      \ig\ig\ig      It's here as well:      \begin{figure}[h]         \ig\ig\ig         %\vspace*{-1pt}          \ig\ig\ig     \end{figure}      How do I remove it exactly? \end{document}   Note: This may be a duplicate of , yet this one did not receive a satisfactory answer.


Number of 3 colorings on grid with constraints

I am trying to figure out a way to do the following:  Given a $3 \times n$ grid, ($n \geq 2$) choose coloring by using $3$ colors (say, RGB), such that    any given column cannot have all grids of same color (i.e., no RRR in any single given column), a given row (which is of length $n$) cannot have all the same color.   Using the inclusion-exclusion principle and basic combinatorial principles seems like the right approach, but I am not sure of the pattern.


$a,b \in Z$ and $p$ is prime. If $p|ab$ then $p|a$ or $p|b$

I'm supposed to use Bezout's identity to prove this, but I don't really know how. Using purely what is given if $p$ is a prime then it's divisible by only 1 and itself so that means if $p\mid ab$ then $ab=px$, which means that $p=a$ or $p=b$. If $p=b$ then $(p,a)=1$ then $px+ay=1$. Then I get stuck.


What's an intuitive way to think about the determinant?

In my linear algebra class, we just talked about determinants. So far I’ve been understanding the material okay, but now I’m very confused. I get that when the determinant is zero, the matrix doesn’t have an inverse. I can find the determinant of a $2\times 2$ matrix by the formula. Our teacher showed us how to compute the determinant of an $n \times n$ matrix by breaking it up into the determinants of smaller matrices. Apparently there is a way by summing over a bunch of permutations. But the notation is really hard for me and I don’t really know what’s going on with them anymore. Can someone help me figure out what a determinant is, intuitively, and how all those definitions of it are related?


I was trying to make a presentation using beamer, when suddenly I got the following error message:    I don't know why it does this, because I've never had to use sansmathaccent before.  I tried running old files that used to be fine, however they get the same error message now as well. Even the most simple of files:  \documentclass{beamer} \begin{document} \frame{Hello $A$} \end{document}   gets the error message. What is/could be going on?   N.B. I recently (two days ago) ran an update for all my packages. Could this have something to do with it?    Edit: By now I've installed both sansmathaccent and filehook because the error message said so. Now it shows this error:     !pdfTeX error: pdflatex.exe (file mathkerncmssi8): Font mathkerncmssi8 at 450 n   ot found    ==> Fatal error occurred, no output PDF file produced!   as soon as you include any maths to the document. Note If i type Hello $\mu$ everything is fine. Ordinairy letters are causing trouble.