teams.txt:  Bills Jets Dolphin Patriots   .  for team in `cat teams.txt` do     if ["$team" == "Bills"]     then         echo "$team hired Rex Ryan as coach"     fi     echo "$team Nation" done   I keep getting the error:   teams.sh: line 5: [Bills: command not found   I'm not sure what I'm doing wrong with my code.


It is the first time I have encountered such a use of "a" combined with an -ing form.Maybe you will be a-basking in the sun this afternoon. Is there any reasonable explanation?


How can the nucleus of an atom be in an excited state?

An example of the nucleus of an atom being in an excited state is the , which was a theory devised by the Astronomer Fred Hoyle to help describe the vast quantities of carbon-12 present in the universe, which wouldn't be possible without said Hoyle State.  It's easy to visualise and comprehend the excited states of electrons, because they exist on discrete energy levels that orbit the nucleus, so one can easily see how an electron can excite from one energy level into a higher one, hence making it excited.  However, I can't see how the nucleus can get into an excited state, because clearly, they don't exist on energy levels that they can transfer between, but instead it's just a 'ball' of protons and neutrons.  So how can the nucleus of an atom be excited? What makes it excited?


How to visualize Conditional Probability. I want to understand where the definition comes from.

I'm revisiting conditional probability* after many years and fear I never really understood it as well as I thought I did.  I have no problem taking the definition:  $$ \mathbb{P}(A\mid B) = \dfrac{\mathbb{P}(A \cap B)}{\mathbb{P}(B)} $$  and applying it to simple problems.  What I'm having trouble understanding is where this equation came from in the first place. I checked wikipedia:  which suggests it is a definition or even can be an axiom of probability.  If a definition, it can be shown that it honors the Kolmogorov axioms of probability and I sort of follow all this.  And clearly this definition, when used in problems, seems to agree with my intuitive ideas of how conditional probability should work.  Perhaps that's enough, but I still have this gnawing feeling that it should be "obvious" to me that this is the correct equation.  But I'm failing to see how conditional probability should be related to the intersection AND why dividing by P(B) is the correct way to go.  I tried thinking about the problem in terms of areas but that didn't help.  I do see that if we asked "what is the probability of B given B we would have:  $$ \mathbb{P}(B\mid B) = \dfrac{\mathbb{P}(B \cap B)}{\mathbb{P}(B)} $$  and this would equal 1, so perhaps that is some justification for the division by $\mathbb{P}(B)$.    Sorry if I'm rambling, but if this was completely clear in my mind, I wouldn't have a question!  So the questions are: 1.  Where does this equation come from? 2.  Can someone guide me how to see that this is what would come up with if one was trying to come up with a definition for the idea of "how likely is $A$ given $B$".    And as always, if there is a better group to ask this in, please let me know. -Dave  *I've started a course on Bayesian Probability:


Is there a way to save preferences for import/exporters?

I often use the .fbx export plugin in Blender, and every time I must disable the apply scale and enable selected only options. I realise that not everyone wants these settings enabled by default, but is there a way to save the settings so that I never have to do it again?  Note: I can probably edit the script to change the default, but I have a strong feeling that it can be done and saved with my user prefs somehow.


remove lines that contain a specific text in a file

I have a file with a list of emails in it and each line has an email in it. I want to remove lines that contain the string example.com or test.com.  I tried this:   sed -i 's/example\.com//ig' file.txt    But it will remove only the string example.com, how can I remove the entire line?


Regular expression for alphanumeric phone number?

Currently I am using a regular expression for validating numeric-only phone numbers which looks something like this:  /^([\d \-\)\(\+\.]{10,16})$/   I have a requirement where I need to upgrade the regular expression to support the below valid cases of phone numbers:  (866) 999-EMAS 1-800-MY-APPLE   Thanks


Will past downvoted questions affect current reputation points if you only have 1 reputation point?

I have had this question for some time now.  For example: I currently have only 1 rep point.  If I ask a question and receive a lot of downvotes, this will not currently affect my reputation (since my rep is only 1 point).  But then, in the future, if I get more reputation points, then will the downvoted question affect my current reputation?


I am brand new to linux and basicly I want to install Ubuntu 14.4 and dual boot with windows 8 please help me.


Better Way To Install Ubuntu 15.10 Without Making Partitions

This is my first post on askubuntu. So, if i break any rules, then please do tell me.  I am using Windows 10, on a 4gb ram,64 bit environment. Previously when I used to install Ubuntu then I used to install it with wubi. So, I didn't have to make extra partitions or so. But,now as I came to know from some of the post on this forum that wubi is no longer available for installation of ubuntu. Is it even possible to install ubuntu 15.10 in the same way as wubi did, but manually, or any other software.  While using wubi, if ubuntu had problems, I could just simply uninstall ubuntu from the control panel. And nothing else. So, I don't want to make extra partition to install ubuntu.   Steps Tried: I installed ubuntu 13.10 using wubi. And then upgraded the ubuntu to latest version. After upgrade when it restarted, there was mounting problem,So again had to uninstall. Is there way to solve this mounting.   Any Help/Explaination would be nice.


Run root script or command as root in startup application in Ubuntu 14.04

I have a wireless adapter that used to work in ubuntu 13.10 (dwa 171) after installing drivers for it. Now it won't work the same way anymore since I upgraded to ubuntu 14.04.  I've found the only way to make it work properly is to run the command sudo service network-manager restart I already tried putting this command in rc.local, rc2.local and rc3.local with no real luck. I want this command to run automatically right after login in with startup application program. Please tell me how to.


How can I disable the network detection on Windows 7?

I have a computer running Windows 7 that shares some files on the network. This works fine for a while until for some unknown reason the computer decides that it is connected to a new, unknown public network and disables the file sharing capabilites.  Nothing physically changes with the computer, it is still connected to the same network via ethernet cable. But it does misidentify the network every other day, just plugging out the ethernet cable and putting it back in leads Windows to correctly identify the work network and enabling the share again.  Is there some way to stop Windows from trying to identify the network automatically, and just tell it that the network on that computer will never change?


I want to prove the  over a field are prime ideals. To be concrete:      For simplicity, let $I=(x_{11}x_{22}-x_{12}x_{21},x_{11}x_{23}-x_{13}x_{21},x_{12}x_{23}-x_{13}x_{22})$ be an ideal of the polynomial ring $k[x_{11},\ldots,x_{23}]$. I have no idea how to prove that $I$ is a radical ideal (i.e. $I=\sqrt{I}$). Could anyone give some hints?   Generally, let $K$ be an algebraically closed field, then $\{A\mid\mathrm{Rank}(A)\leq r\}\subseteq K^{m\times n}$ is an irreducible algebraic set (I first saw this result from ). And I tried to prove this by myself, then I have proved it (when I see the "Segre embedding").      But I have no idea how to show that the "determinantal ideals" are radical ideals (I hope this is true). BTW, is the statement that the determinantal ideals over a field are prime ideals true ?   Thanks.


t-sql to get the create table script in sql server

Is there a way to retreive the create table script in t-sql. I tried the select into DBLocal.dbo.TableX from DBProduction.dbo.TablesX where 1=2 query but it does not create all constraints, keys and indexes.  Thank you


Welcome message for per site metas is not able to localize

If you open any of localized meta site in browser's private mode, e.g.  you will see untranslated text on the top right corner:        This message is not found in Transifex, hence unable to localize.  Related bug report on ruSO.meta:


What is an example of function $f: \Bbb{N} \to \Bbb{Z}$ that is a bijection?

Could you give me an example of function $ f \colon \mathbb N \to \mathbb Z$ that is both one-to-one and onto? Does this work: $f(n) := n \times (-1)^n$?  N starts with zero.


Which one is correct? (Maybe both are correct.)     He passed away on the morning of March 5.   Or      He passed away in the morning of March 5.


I have a PLC which sends me a 32 bit REAL value, but i am only able to receive a 64 bit float value. The value is not 100% correct, e.g. I send 9.4 and receive 9.3999984026 Why is that so and even if I would use 64 bit on both sides would  it change the result? The norm is IEEE 754. Thanks in advance, Daniel


Black window covers almost the entire desktop / screen

A black window covers almost the entire desktop. It looks like a broken terminal window.  I thought that the cause might be Intel proprietary drivers so I removed it, but that did not help.  Also, I noticed that the system boots without logo Ubuntu.    When I choose a particular kernel in GRUB (4.2.0-19), everything work fine, the problem does not occur.    When I start with the default kernel (4.2.0-35) I have this black window on my desktop.  I added a camera picture because when I made the screenshot, the black windows cannot be seen as if it were not there at all.  My computer is HP 530 Intel® 945GM x86/MMX/SSE2.  I will add that I am new to Linux.     *-display:0                   description: VGA compatible controller      product: Mobile 945GM/GMS, 943/940GML Express Integrated Graphics Controller      vendor: Intel Corporation      physical id: 2      bus info: pci@0000:00:02.0      version: 03      width: 32 bits      clock: 33MHz      capabilities: msi pm vga_controller bus_master cap_list rom      configuration: driver=i915 latency=0      resources: irq:16 memory:f0400000-f047ffff ioport:3000(size=8) memory:e0000000-efffffff memory:f0480000-f04bffff   *-display:1 UNCLAIMED      description: Display controller      product: Mobile 945GM/GMS/GME, 943/940GML Express Integrated Graphics Controller      vendor: Intel Corporation      physical id: 2.1      bus info: pci@0000:00:02.1      version: 03      width: 32 bits      clock: 33MHz      capabilities: pm bus_master cap_list      configuration: latency=0      resources: memory:f0500000-f057ffff     When I switch tty, the black window fills the screen and is damaged, the font is unreadable.


I know that there are at least 3 Marvel Universes:  Marvel Cinematic Universe -    Has all of the main ongoing Marvel movies    (1, 2)  (1, 2, 3)  (1, Age of Ultron) etc    Marvel's Ultimate Universe -    Has the other Marvel movies    (1, 2, 3, Origins: Wolverine, First Class, The Wolverine, Days of Future Past)  (1, 2)  etc       Main comic book continuity This is the big one, it contains         etc     Then there are apparently off-shoot Earths, continuities which deviate from the main continuity (Earth 616). How many Marvel Earths (Universes) are there?   Further Reading:


Give an example of a topological space $X$ such that $\pi_1(X)=S_3$.

Give an example of a  topological space $X$ such that $\pi_1(X)=S_3$, where $\pi_1(X)$ is the fundamental group.


How to defend against a Live USB computer hack

A Linux installation can be simply hacked by using a live USB/CD, gaining root access on the live distro, chrooting to the target filesystem and running passwd root. One can use grub . There may be some other methods as well.  What is the most efficient way of defending against hacking the installation from Live USB provided the system runs on an SSD drive (TRIM and encryption are said not to work well)?


Ships and boats are referred to using feminine pronouns.  Are houses masculine, feminine or neutral?  Please provide evidence for your answer, a Google search didn't help me.


Proof that any linear system cannot have exactly 2 solutions.

How would you go about proving that for any system of linear equations (whether all are homogenous or not) can only have either (if this is true):   One solution Infinitely many solutions No solutions   I found this a bit difficult to prove (even though its a very fundamental thing about any linear equation). The intuitive geometric explanation is that a line can only intersect at one point, and if it intersects at a later point, it can't be a linear equation, but I don't think this is a convincing proof.   I thought of if you assume that there are two (or more, but I picked two) solutions for some linear system, then for the points in between   Solution Set 1: X1, X2....., Xn  Solution Set 2: X1, X2....., Xn  Then (I think), the points between S1 and S2, must be infinitely many points (and thus infinitely many solutions) such that these points can also satisfy the linear system, which would mean the system has 2 infinite solutions.   However, I don't think this is rigorous enough and nor do I understand completely why its true. Can anyone help in explaining (correcting) and elaborating on the intuition and proof of this?


What are the differences between rm and '-delete' in find?

We want to delete the files under /tmp that are older than 100 minutes.  What is the difference between:  find /tmp -type f -mmin +100 -exec rm {} \;   and:  find /tmp -type f -mmin +100 -exec -delete    second - Is it possible to add some print / echo in the command so that it will print each file it deletes?  /tmp/hadoop-unjar7118762490947462979/META-INF/NOTICE was deleted !!!


Want to correct inclination in an aimage in photoshop

In the up is italicized to the right. Is there any way in photoshop to straigten this image ?


Empty Disk when trying to install dual-boot system

I recently purchased an SSD to speed up my computer experience. Before, I had Windows 7 and Ubuntu in a dual-boot system. The plan was to install Windows 8 on the SSD and then set aside ~30GB for the system files of Ubuntu.  I installed Windows 8 just fine on the SSD, then I booted the Ubuntu install CD to make my partitions like always - but GParted tells me the entire SSD is unallocated. Now I am afraid I will lose my Windows installation if I try to do anything to it.  Why does GParted think there is no partition on the SSD? Shouldn't it be 4 Partitions, like the Windows installer told me?  And is it possible to ignore this and install Ubuntu on the hard disk (where it, frankly, already is) and somehow make it possible to install GRUB on the SSD to revert my dual-boot system without damaging the installed Win8?


how to interpret beta in logistic regression

I conducted binary logistic regression analysis (DV is measured in yes, no). Among my IVs, One IV is about partnership measured in dichotomous (yes, no) and another IV is population density and measured as (Low=1, average =2, high (reference group) =3).  The output shows that:   For partnership: $\beta$ value of partnership(1) is .795 while it is significant.  For population density: $\beta$ values are: low(1) = -.976, average = -.641   I need your help on how to interpret beta values especially the negative signs


Return the enumeration instead of the index

I have a simple class that uses an enum for "status". When I use the getStatus member function, it does indeed return "Busy" but when I print the value, it shows a "1". How can I print "Busy" instead of 1?      demonstration  #include <iostream> using namespace std;  enum Status{Idle, Busy}; class text { public:     void SetStatus(Status s);     Status getStatus(); private:     Status s;        }; void text::SetStatus(Status s) {     this->s = s; } Status text::getStatus() {     return this->s; }  int main() {     text myText;     myText.SetStatus(Busy);     cout << myText.getStatus() << endl; //outputs 1, should output "Busy" }


running two commands from a single terminal

I want to run 2 commands from a single terminal  apt-get update && dpkg -L   not like that, I want to be able to enter one command that executes the same time as the second command in a second terminal  that might sound confusing, let me try another way  I want to be able to run for example:  firefox && apt-get upgrade   and have two different terminals open automatically and execute both of those commands just by running a terminal command, not a script


How can I change a user's default group in Linux?

Being new to Linux administration, I'm a little confused about the following commands:  useradd usermod groupadd groupmod   I've just finished reading the user administration book in the Linux/Unix Administrator's handbook, but some things are still a little hazy.  Basically useradd seems straight forward enough:  useradd -c "David Hilbert" -d /home/math/hilbert -g faculty -G famous -m -s /bin/sh hilbert   I can add "David Hilbert" with username hilbert , setting his default directory, shell, and groups. And I think that -g is his primary/default group and -G are his other groups.  So these are my next questions:   Would this command still work if the groups faculty and famous did not exist? Would it just create them? If not, what command do I use to create new groups? If I remove the user hilbert and there are no other users in those groups, will they still exist? Should I remove them? After I run the useradd command above, how do I remove David from the famous group, and reassign his primary group to hilbert which does not yet exist?


What is reliable way to get the node id from the path alias in Drupal 8?


I've just upgraded to Ubuntu 19.10 especially to enable Livepatch. Unfortunately, I get the same error I had with Ubuntu 18.04:  $ sudo canonical-livepatch enable [key] 2019/10/22 17:20:20 error executing enable: Livepatchd error: The platform Ubuntu 19.10 is not supported. exiting.   Does anybody have any clue where the problem could come from?


How to use San Francisco font on Windows?

I'm doing all graphic design in a startup company of some friends, and a major part of our product is developing an app that should run on everything after iPhone 4. So after some researching (I have basically zero UI design experience) I figured we should use the San Francisco font for the app.  If I understand correctly Apple allows using the font for development purposes. However the  only has an iOS version, and I'm a Windows user, which means I can't use it.  I managed to get the font from other sources, installed it, but it doesn't appear in either PS or AI. I also installed it on a different PC with a different Adobe CS version but that didn't work either.  I'm considering using Helvetica Neue instead, but it would be great if we could use San Francisco.  What options do I have?


Print attribute of class based on attribute name

Is there a way to print out all the attributes of a python object along with their values  For example, for the following class and object  class man:     def __init__(self):       name = "jim"       age = 2  him = man()   I want to print out all the attributes of the object "him" as well as their values. I want some kind of code that acts like the following  for variable_name of him:     print variable_name," : ",him.variable_name   should print out  name : jim age : 2   Is there any way to do that in python?


When I try to run sudo apt-get upgrade the following error occurs, the system is not working properly, and I am not able to update or install any software. Error: $ sudo apt-get upgrade Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree        Reading state information... Done Calculating upgrade... Done The following packages have been kept back:   linux-generic-hwe-20.04 linux-headers-generic-hwe-20.04 linux-image-generic-hwe-20.04 The following packages will be upgraded:   alsa-ucm-conf apport apport-gtk code curl gir1.2-freedesktop gir1.2-glib-2.0 gjs gnome-shell   gnome-shell-common libcurl3-gnutls libcurl4 libgirepository-1.0-1 libgjs0g   libnautilus-extension1a linux-libc-dev nautilus nautilus-data openssh-client python3-apport   python3-problem-report python3-update-manager teamviewer update-manager update-manager-core 25 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 3 not upgraded. Need to get 0 B/82.3 MB of archives. After this operation, 30.7 kB of additional disk space will be used. Do you want to continue? [Y/n] Y  dpkg: unrecoverable fatal error, aborting:  files list file for package 'python3-pygments' is missing final newline E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (2)


How to request "do not start/enable" when installing packages on Ubuntu?

Start with a base system.   apt-get install apache2   That results in it installing the package AND starting the service.  Is there some mechanism (standard across other packages as well if possible) to request that it NOT just arbitrarily start the service before it's even been properly configured?   There are multiple reasons for this, one example is if I'm installing a service in preparation to replace an equivalent service on the box - I certainly wouldn't want it trying to start in that case, but in general, just because I've requested a package be installed, doesn't mean I want it running/started automatically.   I realize I can issue update-rc.d afterwards, but the service has already been launched (or attempted to launch) at that point.  This question should be general, but I am in particular interested for Ubuntu 14.04 LTS.


I'm going through a tutorial on Ruby that explains the neat construction the select method provides. As per that, the three print statements in the following code (filtering out even numbers) should produce an identical output:  numbers = (1..20).to_a p numbers.select(&:even?) p numbers.select { |x| x.even? } p numbers.select do |x| x.even? end   When I run it, though, I get:  [2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20] [2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20] #<Enumerator: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20]:select>    Clearly, the third statement is off, even though it's impossible to tell why. It's just the curly braces replaced with the do-end block so it shouldn't change anything.  I'm on Ruby 2.5 so I guess either the tutorial was running some other version and something has changed? Or maybe there's some subtlety here that I'm not able to put my finger on.


I am looking for a word that encapsulates "teenager-ish" - that sort of petulant, contrarian, immature behavior. Any ideas?


Is there a mass spectrometer software that can measure the mass of a proton

I spent a lot of hours looking for mass spectrometer software (or Cathode-ray simulator) that can measure the mass of a proton or any sub atomic particle. Until now I only found software that work on isotopes, organic mixtures and other compounds.  For my school project, I need a computer simulation to measure the mass of a proton (I chose the idea not my school) so any other way of measuring a proton will not be useful to me.   Thanks in advance.


Perturbation theory in quantum mechanics: assumptions on eigenvectors

In a course that I follow, we use the perturbation method to find the eigenvectors and energies to an Hamiltonian written $ H_0 + V $ where $V$ is a weak perturbation.  It is written that as $V$ is a weak perturbation, we can write the perturbed eigenvectors as a combination of the eigenvectors of the unperturbed hamiltonian.  But I thought that as we know the eigenvectors of the unperturbed Hamiltonian, then we have a basis of the Hilbert space so there is no need of this assumption (we always can write any vector as a linear combination of eigenvectors of the unperturbed hamiltonian).  Can you help me to understand this?


I need this table:    (each row and column should have the same height and length, last cell should be divided by diagonal line). I tried the following code:  \documentclass[11pt]{article} \usepackage[T1]{fontenc} \usepackage{array} \usepackage{makecell} \newcolumntype{x}[1]{>{\centering\let\newline\\\arraybackslash\hspace{0pt}}p{#1}} \begin{document} \setlength{\extrarowheight}{0.1cm} \begin{tabular}{|x{0.5cm}|x{0.5cm}|x{0.5cm}|x{0.5cm}|x{0.5cm}|}\hline &&&&20\\ \hline &&&&30\\ \hline &&&&45\\ \hline 15&12&18&50&\diaghead(-3,2){\hskip \hsize}{$a_i$}{$b_j$}\\ \hline \end{tabular} \end{document}   but text in the last cell is displayed incorrectly and cells are not the same.     How can I change that?


Let's assume that an object has KE expressed by velocity $v$ and mass $m$.  If work $w$ has been done to this object such that its new speed (same direction) is $s$. There are 2 ways(I know) to calculate $w$. The first is  $ \frac {1}{2} ms^2 -  \frac {1}{2} mv^2$. The other way is (assuming you know distance and acceleration) to use $w=mda $ then $d= \frac {1}{2}at^2 + vt  $   $\frac{2d}{a}= t^2 + \frac {2v}{a}t$  $\frac {2d}{a} +\frac {v^2}{a^2} = t^2 + \frac {2v}{a}t + \frac {v^2}{a^2}$   $\frac {2d}{a} +\frac {v^2}{a^2} = (t+\frac {v}{a})^2$  $\sqrt {\frac {2d}{a} +\frac {v^2}{a^2}} = t + \frac{v}{a}$   $\sqrt {\frac {2da+v^2}{a^2}}= t + \frac{v}{a}$  $\frac {\sqrt {2da+v^2}}{a} = t + \frac{v}{a}$   $\frac {\sqrt {2da+v^2}-v}{a} = t $   and  the speed is a*t which is equal to   ${\sqrt {2da+v^2}-v}$  remember that   $ da = \frac {w}{m}$  $ s = \sqrt {\frac {2w}{m}+v^2}-v$  $ (s+v)^2 = \frac{2w}{m} +v^2$  $ \frac{1}{2}m((s+v)^2-v^2) = w $  simplify and it will be  $ w= \frac {1}{2} ms^2 + \frac{1}{2} mvs$  which isn't quite the other formula. Why is it that my formula doesn't work?


How to refer inline to multiple authors using Bibtex?

For my thesis I started to use LaTeX as a text editor. I am now in the process of figuring out basically everything. But the coding is not completely unknown to me. However, I get stuck on small point. I want to refer to articles that I used, by showing their surnames follwed by a comma and then the the year of publication.  Currently my code of the main file looks like this:  \usepackage[utf8]{inputenc} \usepackage{graphicx} \graphicspath{ {C:\Users\beren\Documents\Master SCM\Thesis\Images} } \usepackage[a4paper, width=150mm, top=1mm, bindingoffset=1mm]{geometry} \usepackage{fancyhdr} \pagestyle{fancy} \fancyhf{} \fancyfoot{} \fancyfoot[LE,RO]{\thepage} \fancyfoot[LO,CE]{Chapter \thechapter} \fancyfoot[CO,RE]{My Name} \renewcommand{\headrulewidth}{0.4pt} \renewcommand{\footrulewidth}{0.4pt} \usepackage[backend=bibtex, style=authoryear, sorting=nyt]{biblatex} \renewcommand*{\nameyeardelim}{\addcomma\space}  \addbibresource{references.bib}   My code in references.bib would look like this for example:  @book{NSP,     author        = {A. Doe, W. Schoenmakers},     title         = {North Sea Ports in Transition: Changing Tides},     year          = {1998},     chapter = {2 Port of Rotterdam: From Landlord to Mainport} }   As you can see the book includes multiple authors, currently only Doe is showing up in the inline reference, but this should also be Schoenmakers. Could someone explain what I do wrong in the coding?  as well \parencite[33]{NSP}     I prefer to use APA style referencing. I know that a package exists for this as well, but I am using Bibtex which should also do the job.   One question adding to that for probably in the future, how would this work if I want to refer to the same source (consisting of multiple (3+) authors) again, but then using et al. instead?


Can I Separate Currently Related Accounts For Separate Sites?

Currently, I have accounts on a few different SE sites. Which is great- But I realized that I use one for work, and I want it separated from my personal accounts.  Is there a way that I can disassociate my Stack Overflow account from my other accounts? I understand if I do, I may lose my 100 point association bonus from Arqade, but that doesn't bother me all that much. I use Stack Overflow for learning purposes, not to have the most rep ever.


Find $\int_0^2 \arctan(\pi x)-\arctan(x)\, \mathrm dx$

Find $$\int_0^2 \arctan(\pi x)-\arctan(x)\, \mathrm dx$$  The hint is also given : Re-write the Integrand as an Integral  I think we have to Re-write  this single integral as a double integral and then do something.  Any one any ideas


OS Version relation between android and lineage OS

I have currently Android 6.0 Device but app which I am trying to install only supports Android 7.0+. I am thinking of installing lineage OS. Is there Lineage OS 7.0 etc. equivalent of Android 7.0, so that app can be installed or I need to stay with android.


i am not able to install windows7 after installing ubuntu on dell latitude d430

First I had install Ubuntu.Now I want to remove ubuntu and  install windows7 by usb but i am not able to install windows 7. Please suggest me way to install windows 7


How to cut (select) a field from text line counting from the end?

I know how to select a field from a line using the cut command. For instance, given the following data:  a,b,c,d,e f,g,h,i,j k,l,m,n,o   This command:  cut -d, -f2 # returns the second field of the input line   Returns:  b g l   My question: How can I select the second field counting from the end? In the previous example, the result would be:  d i n


Run Application without Holding up terminal

If i wanted to run an application from the terminal (linux, ubuntu), how do I do so so that the terminal is still usable or that so if I close the terminal, the application still runs.


Suppose $z=x+iy$, prove that $\lim\limits_{n\to\infty}(1+\frac{z}{n})^n=e^x(\cos{y}+i\sin{y})$?

Suppose $z=x+iy$, how to prove that $\lim\limits_{n\to\infty}(1+\frac{z}{n})^n=e^x(\cos{y}+i\sin{y})$?


Let $\mathbb{Z}$ and $\mathbb{Q}$ represent the integers and the rationals, respectively.      (a) Prove that $\mathbb{Z}$ is a closed subset of $\mathbb{R}$.   I am stuck on this topology problem from my homework, if anyone would be of some help it would be greatly appreciated.


I've noticed this issue on my Sprint Samsung Intercept running 2.2 Froyo (rooted, custom kernel, etc.) I swear I didn't have this issue on Android 2.1, but someone with a Motorola Droid running 2.1 did, as you can see here:   My issue is I love the WinAmp music player. However, when I pause it and leave the app, it will randomly, unexpectedly begin music playback later (both when I am using the phone, and when it's sitting on the ground next to me.) When I navigate to the app, the controls show that it is paused, and clicking on it once will bring it to the normal state (shows as playing, and it is,) and a second time will pause it again (where it should have been to begin with.) This could be a real issue while I'm in class, etc. and I'm forced not to be able to use WinAmp, which I'd really like to be able to do.  With Cubed, the issue is similar. Instead of having it be random though, it plays when I go back to the app. This leads me to believe that it's playing onResume(), without first checking the state it should be in. I'm guessing WinAmp is staying open in the background somehow and doing the same thing.  My question is, is there any fix?


Unable to preserve ownership in a copy but able with a move?

I have noticed that I am unable to preserve ownership if I rsync -o files. However, I am when I move them.  This is all without admin privileges. What is the rationale of this? Several threads e.g. () seem to echo the need for admin privileges


Make macro which checks the type of math mode its in

I frequently find that I want to make a macro, say a derivative macro for example with the following syntax:  \def\dd #1;#2;{ return... }   However, I want it to check if it is inline math such as when math is wrapped between two dollar symbols $ ... $  or if it is in a block of math such as an \[...\] or align or equation environment. If the latter is the case then I want it to typeset  \frac{\mathrm{d} #1 }{\mathrm{d} #2 }   if it is inline math such as $ ... $ then I want it to typeset  \mathrm{d} #1 / \mathrm{d} #2.   How can I do this?


What is the secret to keeping breading on chicken when pan frying?

Sometimes the coating will stay on pretty well, other times it almost all falls off.  What is the secret to keeping it on?  Thank you!


Is there a word to describe someone who does nice things for others, only to make themselves look or feel good?

I'm looking for a word that can describe a person who does nice things for other people (e.g holding the door open, carrying someone's things) but only for self gain; this person only does nice things to make themselves look good in the eyes of others, but doesn't actually care about the well-being of the people they're helping.


Adding option to close a question because the answer is easily researched

Earlier today I wanted to flag a  on Workplace because - it seems to me - the answer could be very easily researched. Literally one quick Google search away.   I was unsure which option to choose under Flag/Should be closed. The options are:   duplicate of ... off-topic because ... (I didn't feel it was really off-topic, simply trivial, and a lazy on the part of the person asking it) unclear what you're asking ... too broad primarily opinion based   I didn't really feel that any of these apply, but ended up flagging it as "opinion based", simply because I felt it was a poor question and should be taken down.   Question 1: In the future, which option would be best suited to that type of situation?   Question 2: Could we edit the definitions of one of these options to include the text "this question is easily researched/trivial" option, or could we add an additional option for that purpose?  Question 3: Last but not least, was I actually being a "snob" in thinking that this question should have been closed? Aka, am I in the wrong, vs the person asking that question?


I installed Ubuntu on my HDD. The system created 2 partitions, one sda1 for GRUB and second sda2 for the system itself. The partition with the system has over 900GBi, and I would like to make it smaller as I need some space for another OS.   Is there any way to make this sda2 partition with Ubuntu OS smaller, even though there is already an operating system installed on it?


Click function doesn't work on a new added class

I have a button that adds newClass to the parent div when clicked and it also shows another button. The next thing that I want to make is to display some text with a click function on .newClass .display-info.  All the answers that I've found refer to the jQuery .live method, but this is deprecated. Instead I used .on method but without any result...  This is the example code:    HTML:
   <button class="btn-click">     Click me   </button>    <button class="display-info">     Show text   </button>   Text to be displayed
     JS:  $('.btn-click').click(function() {     $(".parent").addClass('newClass');   $(".display-info").show(); });  $('.newClass .display-info').on("click",function() {     $('.show-this').show(); });   CSS:  .display-info, .show-this {   display:none; }


Make display of reputation in revisions list consistent with the user card display

The user card in the revision list, for example , shows the exact amount of reputation:  This is not consistent with how the flair works on (all?) other places in the site, e.g. under a post. There, the amount is displayed in units of thousands (k):  (or, in , millions (m).) It used to be consistent, see e.g. :


Preparing for Higher education/Self-teaching

I am currently a 2nd year undergraduate student studying Business/Finance/Information Systems at a decent, normal university.  I have amazing grades and general interests in pursuing higher education or conducting my own research in some way.   While my current standing in knowledge is still relatively minute, I'm extremely interested in certain fields -- such as econometrics, financial theory, etc -- that I learn on my own time.  Many of my peers find classes and course material frustrating but I get a tinge of excitement everytime I'm able to understand and articulate on a certain concept being taught.  This is especially true in Mathematics as I have a strong math background compared to my students in my degree but meagre in comparison to the material I am trying to learn.  People currently in Academia or pursuing Academia, what are some of your recommendations in preparing for higher education or just learning more on my spare time.  Currently I am taking some online coursera courses and reading a few books I've found through the library.  What other sources should I be considering?  When is a good to start reading journal articles/papers?


What's the word for the "opposite role" of "Donor"?

First post here, please forgive me if wrong community...  By "opposite role", I mean like parent/child, brother/sister.  In organ transplants, the "opposite role" of donor would be recipient. But I'm referring to crowd funding, where the "opposite role" of donor is the person who created the crowd funding campaign that the donor is donating to. They are more than just a recipient, they create and manage their fund raising campaign. gofundme uses the term "campaign organizer" but I'm looking for a single word.  And BTW, what is the correct term for "opposite role"? It's not antonym or "opposite word", because it's not really an opposite relationship.  EDIT  The best word for the reciprocal of donor in the context of crowd funding is fundraiser.  It's not a duplicate question because in this context which is more specific, we get a different answer. And the best answer for the word for "opposite role" is reciprocal (noun). (e.g., What is the reciprocal of parent? Answer: child)


What are Quarks made of and will they ever decay to this?

What is it that quarks are actually made of? Will they decay into this substance?  As the up and down quarks are the lightest type of quark do they not decay? I was thinking that if this could happen, there must be lighter quarks?    In response to the comment:  I know that they don't exist on their own but a quark must surely decay at some point into what makes them up?  So I wanted to know: if they decay what do they decay into, and if they do not what are quarks made of?


Is $f_d(X, Y) =X^d+Y^d+1$ is irreducible as a polynomial over complex numbers for $d>1$ and $d$ natural? If not, there exists a irreducible polynomial of any degree? Because that is what I'm looking for...


How to delete lubuntu from Windows 10 Dual Boot [Cannot see lubuntu partition]

Two weeks ago i installed Lubuntu for test purpose as dual boot. It installed GRUB as boot loader, but now i want to remove lubuntu from my disk, but i cannot find the linux partition. This is what i see:  So now i don't know how to delete lubuntu Update: This is what i have using gparted:


Dynamically dimming individual LEDs in a lighting system

I'm planning to build an aquarium lightning system with individually controllable LED's, I don't have much experience with electronics except from the irregular tinkering, but I'm a programmer and I think I'll be able to put something decent together.  The system will consist of about 30 * 3W LEDs, I already have those as well as heat-sinks, lenses, thermal glue and a couple of PWM-boards similar to . My initial plan was to build some kind of simple transistor switch between each individual LED and the power supply, a switch that I could control with the PWM-board, which in itself is controlled by an arduinio/raspberry pi.   Then I read on and discovered that LEDs are supposed to be current regulated, not voltage regulated. So now I'm not sure about how to move on.  I've considered just buying a bunch of individual constant current drivers like , but I don't see how I'd be able to pwm those properly. (I realized that most of my LEDs aqually are in the 700mA range instead of the 300mA that I first thought, now it's starting to get unreasonable expensive to buy one of these for each single LED, in an otherwise quite cheap system...)  What I really would need is some kind of variable current driver, from between 0(?)-800mA (I've understood that very dimmed LEDs draws very little current, so I need a big range there), that I can control with pwm, but that does not seem to be a thing I can buy like the regular constant current circuits.  Any ideas? I've considered to buy a  for each LED and to use this data to properly modulate the individual LED's myself. But I'm not sure I can find some that reliably can measure the low currents that I need. Or does the  for that MAX471-chip really say that it has a resolution of 0.5 mA per A (Current-Sense Ratio)?  Clarification on functional needs   I need a lot of light in order for the plants in the aquarium to thrive. I need as much white light as I can get from each watt. I want to be able to control the light in aspect of intensity as well as tone/temperature (I have different temperature LED's). I want to be able to control exactly what parts of the tank are lit and how those parts are lit. E.g., I want to able to simulate similar dynamics as to clouds passing by or lightning, or just to selectively light certain parts of the landscape. Not critical but valuable: Scalability. The ability to easily to add or remove LEDs.


$$\lim_{x\rightarrow +\infty}\sqrt{x}e^{-x}\left(\sum_{k=1}^{\infty}\frac{x^{k}}{k!\sqrt{k}}\right)$$ Any hint will be appreciated.  Note: There is a related question on MathOverflow: . The MO question references this question and it also links to some other posts containing similar expressions.


Can you match a photo to the discrete camera it was taken with, without metadata?

Are there enough digital and/or analog difference in individual cameras/houses/lenses that photos will have fingerprint of sorts? For example discoloration of pixels, distortion from aberrations on lenses.  Imagine if you will that proving that an image (stripped of metadata) was taken with one specific camera would be critical to an investigation of some sort. If endlessly competent experts had full access to the camera and photo, and had every resource available, could they match a photo to a camera? Like a fired bullet to a gun.  When, or in what circumstance could a photograph be linked not only to a lens/house model or manufacturer but to one specific camera, distinguished from any other camera of the same model?    I guess a more general way of asking this question is: How much, and what information about the camera can a photograph capture?


Deterministic generation of RSA keys for IPFS / OrbitDB

I am in the process of working on a decentralized application using IPFS and OrbitDB. IPFS uses 2048 bit RSA keys for the Node runtime peer-id and secp256k1 for read/write access in OrbitDB. For secp256k1 there exists a method for deterministically generating keys (bip39 mnemonic phrase).   Let's say I take an existing RSA implementation and replace the RNG with a seeded RNG which is seeded with the mnemonic phrase from above. Assuming I didn't roll my own implementation, aside from swapping out the RNG, how secure would this be? Are there any obvious flaws with this approach?


How to detect which process has a file locked in Windows?

Sometimes, while trying to edit a file, the editor says "cannot write to file because is taken by another process". So, is there a tool which takes an input a file name (with its path) and tells which process has taken it with write-only acces?  If not, what is the thecnical reason that cannot be answered?  I ask this because is so annoying that the message does not inform what is the damn process locking the file and cannot understand why the OS programmer didn't give that obvious vital information. Thanks!


How can I set the output of Int32.TryParse to a null if it cannot parse a string?

I have a variable   int? a = Int32.TryParse(b);   How can I make it that a becomes a null if b is found not to be an integer?


Is there a way to insert right braces and text to the right of a matrix using LYX?

Is there a way to typeset this in LYX without using ERT?  If not, how do I code it in Lyx?


Someone has contacted me on the phone. After I hang up I call someone else and says:  They/They've just contacted me.  Should it be "They just..." or "They've just..."? What is correct? What is natural?


What is the filter size for Nikon D5100 with 18-55mm lens kit?   Is it 52mm or 58mm?


One hot encoding for images ( 40x10 images)

I have 40 different images (1, ..40),( each one has 10 repetition " 40x10"),i should use one hot encoding for each image (the 40),  for example image (1) the one hote encoding will be encoding will be: [ 1 0 0 0 0 0 0.....40(0)],  for images 2 the one hot encoding will be : [ 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 ...40(0)],  since each image has 10 repetition, for example; for the 10 images of 1 ( they are for same object but with slight difference among them),  should  I use same code vector for the 10 repetition!!


Best book for partial differential equations

Which book is a self introductory for partial differential equations for beginners?


How can I decide between the medium sized intuos tablet or the small one?

I am a high school student with an interest for drawing tablets for some hobby. I went to check on a store that sell Intuos, a sales representative (or something) of Wacom told me that most students buy the medium sized tablets. Even the staff said that since it is always bought the supplies of the medium size are a lot more than the small size.  I am on a tight budget (which is why I am buying the Intuos), and the small size seems small to me (when my hands are open, my thumb and my pinky would reach the sides). But then, why would Wacom sell the Manga variant in small? Is the staff just saying that so I would buy the more expensive one?  I have enough savings from my small allowance to buy the small size right now, should I wait for another month so that I can buy the medium size?


Meta duplicates don't require an answer. Don't suggest there is one when that's not true

This request was sparked . The vote to close as a duplicate on meta, in contrast to the main site, does not require for the duplicate to have an answer. Yet, the closure message still says:     This question has been asked before and already has an answer.    ...even when this is not the case. Perhaps we should either only show this particular sentence if there is indeed an answer, or remove this altogether for meta.   Note: I fear this might be a duplicate request, but I was unable to find one. (Not even one without an answer :) )


Can I use 11 speed chainrings with 9 speed chain?

To be more specific, my bike come with Shimano Sora 9 speed group set. I'm using a KMC X9 9 speed chain.  I studied quite a lot of websites. They claim that chainrings are compatible with any speed of cassettes.  Are there compatibility problem with existing components if I put on Shimano 105 11 speed chainrings?


How to know if $\log_78 > \log_89$ without using a calculator?

I realize that I lack any numerical intuition for logarithms. For example, when comparing two logarithms like $\log_78$ and $\log_89$, I have to use the change-of-base formula and calculate the values with a calculator in order to determine which of the two is larger.  Can anyone demonstrate an algebraic/analytic method to find out which of the two is larger without using a calculator?


We know that in Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone, Hogwarts was able to locate Harry at all of his different addresses in order to deliver him his letter. So, my question is, couldn't they have done the same with Voldemort to find him? Is it possible that Voldemort put protective spells around him that stop him from being located?    We also know that in Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows, Hermione puts some protective spells around their campsites. However, none of them (after a bit of research) actually prevent someone from locating them. Couldn't Voldemort, in turn, have done this?


Are multiple criterion equivalent to criteria?

David would give it about 5 minutes even if it met every one of his criterion.  David would give it about 5 minutes  even if it met his criteria.  Are both of the sentences grammatically correct and are they semantically equivalent?


I can't move, rotate or scale in blender 2.8 object mode

I am very new to Blender 2.8. I know that hotkey like G, R and S are essential and very useful but I can't do any of them in object mode. I can only move the origin (the orange thing that for the object) freely.  I have a MacBook and use a mouse.  I tried looking at transformation locks too but that wasn't the problem.  Did I click on a weird setting?  Any help much appreciated!


When a document or picture gets infected, does its file type change?

I know infected documents in windows have file extension of .pdf.exe or .jpg.exe . Can you infect a file without changing extension? Is it the same in linux?


I am planning to rent a VPS service with following basic specification:   512mb of RAM 1 CPU 20gb HDD (4gb of it is swap) Ubuntu 10.10 server   I am able to choose between a 32 bit or 64 bit install of Ubuntu server as the operating system.   My question is would it be better to chose a 32 bit operating system since I will have only 512mb of RAM, rather than using a 64 bit operating system and dealing with the additional overheads?  edit:  I have installed Ubuntu server 10.10 32 bit and 64 bit on VirtualBox. After a minimalistic installation with only ssh server, the 32 bit installation consumes 63mb of RAM when first boot up and 64 bit consumes 85mb of RAM.  After installing and running  daemon, 32 bit consumes 99mb of RAM when first boot up and 64 bit consumes 128mb.


$\sum_{k=-m}^{n} \binom{m+k}{r} \binom{n-k}{s} =\binom{m+n+1}{r+s+1}$ using Counting argument

I saw this question here:-   This looks so much like a vandermonde identity, I know we can give a counting argument for Vandermonde. However much I try I am not able to come up with a counting argument for this.


The Number of Exponential Summands in a Fixed Interval is Poisson

What is the most clever way to prove that the number of independent exponential summands in a fixed interval is distributed as a Poisson random variable? I can do it one way, but I would like to know if there is another way that gets more style points.  Let $S_1, S_2, \ldots \overset{iid}{\sim} \text{Exponential}(\mu)$. Just to be clear, the densities are each $f_S(s) = \mu e^{-\mu s}$.  Now, for $t > 0$, define $K_t = \{j : S_1 + \cdots S_j < t < S_1 + \cdots + S_j + S_{j+1}\}$.   The way I can do it is by directly integrating the joint density of the exponentials. For example,  $$P(K_t = 1) = P(S_1 < t < S_1 + S_2) = \int_0^t \int_{t-s_1}^{\infty} \mu e^{-\mu s_1}\ \mu e^{-\mu s_2}\ ds_2\ ds_1 = (\mu t) e^{\mu t}.$$  But is there another way?  Edit: This is a well-known result of basic Poisson processes. This fact was motivation for the question. So, ideally, answers won't rely on any results from Poisson or any other stochastic processes.


PHP PDO MySQL SQL INSERT Statement Not Working

I'm getting this error and I'm not sure why:       Warning: PDOStatement::execute(): SQLSTATE[HY093]: Invalid parameter   number: number of bound variables does not match number of tokens in   C:\wamp64\www\pdoTest\insert.php on line 32   Basically I'm just trying to get my entries in an HTML form to showup in my MYSQL Database.  // FROM INDEX.PHP  <html>     <form action="insert.php" method="post">     Enter the Title:<input type="text"      name="title">     Enter the Body:<input type="text"name="body">     Enter the Author:<input type="text"name="author">             <input type="submit">             </form> </html>  //FROM insert.php  <?php  session_start(); $host = 'localhost'; $user = 'root'; $password = ''; $dbname = 'pdoposts';  $dsn = 'mysql: host=' . $host . ';dbname=' . $dbname;  $pdo = new PDO($dsn, $user, $password);  if(!$pdo) {     echo "not Connected to table"; } else {     echo "connected to table"; }  $pdo->setAttribute(PDO::ATTR_DEFAULT_FETCH_MODE, PDO::FETCH_OBJ);  $title = $_POST['title']; $body = $_POST['body']; $author = $_POST['author']; // $title = "This is truth"; // $body = "What is truth"; // $author = "Georgina";       echo $title;  $sql = "INSERT INTO posts (title, body, author) VALUES ($title, $body, $author)"; $stmt = $pdo->prepare($sql); $stmt->execute([$title, $body, $author]); echo 'Post Added via Positional Parameters';      echo print_r($stmt);  ?>


This else statement is stopping me from going to bed

I know its probably the most brainless answer in the world, but I can't see why the else statement after the first if condition under the suited answer is not working, im just trying to get to bed soon and I want to run this at least once.   package PokerApp; import java.util.Scanner; public class PokerApp {  public static void main(String[] args) {  int card1 = 0; int card2 = 0; int play; String fc1 = "", fc2 =""; String answer = "";  Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in); System.out.println("Press 1 to evalaute your cards: "); play = scan.nextInt(); while (play != 0){  System.out.println("First Card: "); if (scan.hasNextInt()) {     card1 = scan.nextInt(9)+2; } else{     fc1 = scan.next();     switch(fc1)     {     case "A":         card1 = 14;         break;     case "K":         card1 = 13;         break;     case "Q":         card1 = 12;         break;     case "J":         card1 = 11;         break;         default:System.out.println("Incvalid entry");     } } System.out.println("Second card: "); if (scan.hasNextInt()) {     card2 = scan.nextInt(9) +2; } else{     fc2 = scan.next();     switch (fc2)     {     case "A":         card2 = 14;         break;     case "K":         card2 = 13;         break;     case "Q":         card2 = 12;         break;     case "J":         card2 = 11;         break;     default:System.out.println("Invalid entry.");     }  } System.out.println(card1 + "" + card2); if(card1 == card2) {     System.out.println("You have a pair.");     break; } //If no pair, suited engine runs conditions. else{     System.out.println("Are your cards suited? (y/n): ");     answer = scan.next(); }  if (answer == "y"); {     if(card1 == card2++ || card1++ == card2);     {         System.out.println("Suited connectors.");         break;     }      else{         if(card1 >= 12 && card2 >=12)         {             System.out.println("High value suited cards.");             break;         }         else{             if(card1 >=12 || card2 >= 12)             {                 System.out.println("In the making for a queen high flush, or better!");                 break;             }             else                 System.out.println("Fold");                 break;             } } //If the cards are not suited. }  }  } }


I want to split a polygon by a intersecting line into different parts, exactly like in this  post().   I have a vector grid to cut the polygons, so I used the intersect tool(vector grid with polygons) first, to get the lines from the vector grid intersecting the polygons I want to cut.   Afterwards I followed the procedure like in the post mentioned above (union and then polygonize), but it does not provide a feasible solution, because some layers are cut as I want it and others are not.   Does anyone has any workaround about it? I read here  ( ) that there have been some problems with polygonize, maybe this is the reason?   FYI: I am running Windows 8, 64 bit, QGIS Desktop 2.4, and installed it by the downloaded file.   Thanks for your answers!


Why is that $\widehat{\mathbb{R}/\mathbb{Z}}\cong\mathbb{Z}$?

$\widehat{\mathbb{R}/\mathbb{Z}}\cong\mathbb{Z}$, that is, every character of $\mathbb{R}/\mathbb{Z}$ is of the form $x\mapsto e(mx)$ for some integer $m$.   I was considering the dual of ${\mathbb{R}/\mathbb{Z}}$. What confused me is why we can assign an integer $m$ to the character $\chi.$  Thanks in advance! Any comment is appreciated!


I was wondering the reason behind defining the Prime Numbers in a manner of which $1$ isn't an example. I read in Rotman's A First Course in Abstract Algebra that one reason that $1$ is not called a prime is that many theorems involving primes would otherwise be more complicated to state.   So, here are my questions,   Can anyone give examples of many theorems involving primes would be complicated to state had $1$ been considered a prime?  What are other reasons for not considering $1$ a prime apart from what Rotman said?


How to get installed python package folder path?

How to get installed python package folder path in Python C API?  Suppose I want to open a file data.txt from the Python C-API module.pyd that resides as follows:  package    |--module.pyd    |--data    |    |-data.txt   How do I get the path name of data.txt?


Need some hints on how to Solve $\sqrt {35 - 5i}$  Attempt.  I factorized 5 out and it became $\sqrt {5(7-i)}$  I just want to know if it can be solved further.  Thanks.


Which one is correct way of asking Questions ? When to ask questions without auxiliary? Is asking question without Auxiliary is more formal way of asking questions ?  a) Are you Ok?  b) You ok ?  a) Did you see that movie?  b) You saw that movie ?  a) When did you see that movie ? b) When you saw that movie ?  a) Who did give you this?  b ) Who gave you this ?


$G$ is a Hausdorff topology group, $H$ is a normal subgroup which is not closed. How to prove the quotient group $G/H$ is not Hausdorff.  For example, what are the quotient group and quotient topology of $\mathbb{R}/\mathbb{Q}$?


How long is the tag T in AES-GCM(Or: Can implementations freely choose t = len(T)?)

I've started to learn about GCM. In the  I read on page 4 there is the equation: $$ T = \text{MSB}_t(\text{GHASH}(H, A, C) \oplus E(K, Y_0)) $$  It's clear to me that the function $\text{MSB}_t(S)$ returns the bit string containing only the most significant (leftmost) $t$ bits of $S$ (defined on the same page). But I couldn't find any info on the value of $t$.   mentions several possible sizes of $t$ with advantages and disadvantages.  So, can the implementer choose $t$?  Which value of $t$ is used in TLS's AES-GCM cipher suites?  EDIT:  I can see that  is determining $t = 128$, but how can I see that  is part of TLS 1.2?


avoid space after commas used as thousands separator in math mode

In math mode, LaTeX inserts a small space after a comma. This looks nice in $a,b,c$, for example. But I don't like the way it looks when using a comma as a thousands separator, e.g., $x = 100,000$. (There is no space after the comma when writing 100,000 outside of math mode.) Is there an easy way to avoid this? Some symbol I should be using instead of comma?


Confusion on the wave aspect of matter: physical meaning of the de Broglie relations?

I started reading Quantum Mechanics and I'm being told that matter and light have both a particle and wave aspect to them. It is easy to understand the particle aspect of light: experiments show that light can push an electron out of it's orbit, so one imagines that light has to behave to some extent "as if" it was a particle that can collide with an electron. Furthermore, when we say that "light" behaves as a wave I understand this as simply meaning that light can be viewed as a specific solution of Maxwell's equation of the form $f(x - c t)$ and in particular it can be expanded into a superposition of "waves" of the form $\exp(2\pi i u (x - c t))$. However, I am confused as to what is being meant when people say that matter behaves like a wave. In particular I am confused as to the meaning of the de Broglie relation between the momentum of a particle and it's wavelength. What is the physical meaning of this wavelength associated with matter? And how is it associated to matter? My best guess is as follows: we can conceptually view a beam of electrons of a certain energy directed in a certain direction as behaving like a "wave". This allows us to explain certain experiments in a consistent way, by maintaining the principle of superposition: for instance when two beams collide we can view the resulting beam as a superposition of the original ones. In this way coupled with the statistical interpretation of the wave, we manage to obtain physical information on the collisions of electrons having different energy levels (within the limits of precision that are enforced by the uncertainty principle).


Printing correct amount of digits for double in C

In C, is it possible to enter the correct amount of digits entered by user for a double? For instance, say I have the following code in the main body:  double num;  scanf("%lf", &num); // User inputs 3.41  printf("%lf", num); // required to display 3.41 instead of 3.410000   As I mentioned above, is there any way to display no more than the number of digits that the user entered?


"placed" Photoshop images in Illustrator - blurry when saved as .pdf?

I've edited some images in Photoshop to be used in a .pdf I'm creating in Illustrator. In PS, the images looked great and were saved with the following settings: .jpg/CMYK/Image Options: 10/Maximum. I "placed" them into the Illustrator file, everything still looked great, but when I exported the whole file as .pdf, the images came out slightly blurry. I've used standard, High Quality Print, and Press Quality settings- didn't notice much of a difference between them.  Any ideas on how to have crisp, clean images in the .pdf?


How we can clear tempdb without restart MSSQL service

While checking my tempdb details, its showing that almost 90 GB is consumed. So I tried clearing all caches and perform shrinking, but still it's consuming 90 GB of space.  My drive became full where tempdb is allocated, which is why I am trying to get space from database files.    I have executed following queries to resolve issue. But it is still consuming 90 GB.  DBCC FREEPROCCACHE -- clean cache DBCC DROPCLEANBUFFERS -- clean buffers DBCC FREESYSTEMCACHE ('ALL') -- clean system cache DBCC FREESESSIONCACHE -- clean session cache DBCC SHRINKDATABASE(tempdb, 10); -- shrink tempdb dbcc shrinkfile ('tempdev') -- shrink db file dbcc shrinkfile ('templog') -- shrink log file   The tempdb database has only one .mdf and one .ldf file.  Is there any option to clear tempdb without restarting MSSQL service?  Note: MSSQL Version 2012, tempdb is in simple recovery mode.  Update : While checking the Messages of shrinking It is showing  'DBCC SHRINKFILE: Page 1:12185400 could not be moved because it is a work table page.' I hope its due active connection to tempdb, So i checked sp_whoisactive its not showing any connection. But replication is going on the server  Also i got table wise size from tempdb as follows    How i can shrink 'tempdb' properly ?  A


How do I set up a 4K TV via HDMI to my PC? (Getting mouse/video lag)

I recently purchased a Hisense HLUD58XT880 LCD TV (LCD flat-panel with 3840x2160 native resolution). I have plugged my PC into the HDMI (UHD) port on the TV. My PC is running Windows 8.1 with a ATI mobility Radeon 4500/5100. I have tried multiple HDMI cables but am still not able to see a resolution above 1920x1080 in the list of resolutions, or a refresh rate above 60hz when I click list all modes in system manager.  I am currently running 1920x1080 @ 60hz but notice a lag in the mouse movement, probably about 100ms or so. It's barely noticable when watching video but using the mouse or keyboard it's quite distinct.  I also wasn't able to find any kind of "driver" for the TV, nor was I able to find online what the maximum resolution / refresh rate that my video card supports is.  My thoughts are that this could be caused by:  1) pre-1.4 HDMI cable 2) video card not supporting 3840x2160 @ 100hz 3) TV reporting incorrect EDID information 4) TV crap   I don't really know how to diagnose any of these though. I've tried changing the HDMI cables around without effect, so I suspect 1 is not the cause. If 3 was the cause then I thought I would have been able to set a custom resolution by disabling "hide unsupported modes" in the display settings, but that had no effect (I still only saw lower resolutions/refresh rates).


How do I know my username? I've installed Ubuntu, but I don't know my username, only my password. I can't access my laptop and it can't be opened.


Assigning values to field based on values in other field using Python Parser of ArcGIS Field Calculator?

I have a table with two fields A and B, and i want fill field B with "some values" from field A:  FieldA: 123456_CC; 123_D; 1234567_AB; 123456768_F  I just need the "text" that is associated with the value of the field  FieldB: CC; D; AB; F  What expression to create this?


How does the number of chromosomes evolve through generations?

Mitosis is a complex mechanism that, through mutations and crossover, determines how a chromosome is composed. But at that point, the number of chromosomes is already determined: how can this number evolve through generations? What mechanism is involved?


How do I use GetType in C# to create an observable collection?

I want to be able to take in a string and call GetType() and find the type. Which I do here and it works perfectly fine.   Type TypeToUse = typeof(someclass).Assembly.GetType("MyProj.Data.Stuff.MyClass");   But when I use the type I found TypeToUse to create my observable collection it says the namespace can't be found.   ObservableCollection<TypeToUse> MyList = new ObservableCollection<TypeToUse>();   How do I fix this?  I'm actually trying to do this with a generic repository I'm assuming I have to add public virtual Type MakeGenericType(params Type[] typeArguments); to the Repository class?  Type elementType = typeof(ColorFilter).Assembly.      GetType("Photometrics.Data.Model.Entity.PhantomModels.Chamber"); Type CoreRepoType = typeof(CoreRepository<>).Assembly.      GetType("Photometrics.Data.Sql.Repository.CoreRepository"); Type combinedType = CoreRepoType.MakeGenericType(elementType);


Simple question on differentiation of cdf

Suppose we have $n$ $i.i.d$ random variables $X_{1},\ldots,X_{n}$  all distributed uniformly, $X_{i} \sim \mathrm{Uniform}\left(0,1\right)$ .  We want to find the expected value of $\mathbb{E}[Y_{n}]$  where $Y_{n} = \max\left\{X_{1},\ldots,X_{n}\right\}$. Here I got $F_Y\left(y\right) = \int\mathrm{d}x_{1}\ldots\int\mathrm{d}x_{n} = \left[F_{X}\left(y\right)\right]^n $ but to get $f_{Y}\left(y\right)$ i need to differentiate $F_{Y}\left(y\right)$ with respect to $y$ but how do i differentiate $\left[F_{X}\left(y\right)\right]^{n}$ with respect to $y\,?$.


How to remove Ubuntu from dualboot with Windows 10 and install it again?

I have recently installed Ubuntu 17.04 on dualboot with Win10, but for some reason it stopped working. Basically when I try to boot Ubuntu a black screen appears and nothing happens.      I would like avoiding reinstalling it if possible, but if it isn't, please tell me how to remove Ubuntu 17.04 and install 16.04.3 in it's place.


GNOME Multi-monitor not working after sleep

I installed GNOME multi-monitor add on on Ubuntu 18.04.1 LTS to use top bar in both monitors. But after wakeup from sleep or suspend, the top bar of second monitor stops working.   After I set configuration again, the second monitor stays with an blank space on the top:    Every time my computer wakes up, I have to set configuration in GNOME and restart to work again.  Any ideas how to fix this?


Why is the following example of a Markov process not strong Markov

$X(t) := 0 \;\; (t \leq \tau),\;\; t - \tau\;\;(t \geq \tau)$  with $\tau$ exponentially distributed.   Then X has the Markov property but not Strong Markov Property. But why ???? Can someone kindly explain in words and maths why the strong markov property does not hold?


I would like to bake bread as soon as I get up.   Would it be possible to store bread dough overnight, perhaps in the fridge? For how long could I store it? Would it need to rise again next morning?


By mistake my SD card was formatted. When I copy images out of the app lock vault I'm getting an error message that says my SD card is full.  How can I recover my images?


Please help me to answer the following problem:  Let $f(x)=x^3-6x-2\in\mathbb{Q}[x]$ and $L$ be a splitting field of $f(x)$ over $\mathbb{Q}$.   $f$ is irreducible  in $\mathbb{Q}[x]$ and its discriminant is $756$. Up to isomorphism  $\operatorname{Gal}(L/\mathbb{Q})=S_3$     Find an explicit expression of a root of $f(x)$ in term of radicals and use it to write a repeated radical extention $\mathbb{Q}⊂K$ such that $f(x)$ splits in $K$.


$GL(n,\mathbb R)/SL(n,\mathbb R)$ is isomophic to $\mathbb R^\times$

Let $G$ be the group of all $n\times n$ matrices with real entries that are invertible. The operations of the group are matrix multiplication, matrix inversion, and identity matrix. Let $S$ be the set of $n\times n$ matrices with real entries and with determinant $1$. Let $R^\times$ denote the group of nonzero numbers with the operations of multiplication, multiplicative inverse, and $1$.   Prove that $G/S \cong R^{\times}$.


Why can't a suggested edit be just one character? Typos usually are one character

Quoting the accepted answer from :     There may be an exception where all that is needed is a one letter fix. However it is a huge exception, not a rule.   Isn't this an exception? Within code snippet sib and sob means two different things (input / output).  Why can't an edit be just one character? Typos usually are one character...  For example in , sib should be sob in line #6  Saying that I should make more changes as to have more than 6 characters doesn't make sense as this is the one (rather important) change I want to make. Also, I'm aware that you need 2K points to edit freely - but I can't see how to suggest an edit without flagging it for a moderator.. am I missing something?


Why is the magnetic field of a spherically symmetric current zero?

We now ask about the magnetic field produced by the currents in this situation. Suppose we draw some loop $\Gamma$ on a sphere of radius $r,$ as shown in Fig. 18–1. There is some current through this loop, so we might expect to find a magnetic field circulating in the direction shown.        But we are already in difficulty. How can the $\boldsymbol B$ have any particular direction on the sphere? A different choice of $\Gamma$ would allow us to conclude that its direction is exactly opposite to that shown. So how can there be any circulation of $\boldsymbol B$ around the currents?   This is an excerpt from Feynman's Lectures on Physics; here he explains how there exists no magnetic field for a spherically symmetric current & that he proves later using Maxwell's third equation including the term $\frac{\partial \boldsymbol E}{\partial t}$.   But I've not understood his reasoning; how by changing $\Gamma$, the direction of the magnetic field be different? I'm failing to visualise it.  So, could anyone please help me explain how by changing the loop, the direction of the magnetic field be reversed?


How to calculate a Circle Radius tangent to three lines?

Need to calculate the radius of the circle, which is tangent to three lines with a given angle.


Search for a string and print everything before and after within a range

I have this file:  sometext1{ string1 }  sometext2{ string2 string3 }  sometext3{ string4 string5 string6 }   I want to search this file for a specific string and print everything before this string up to the opening { and everything after this string up to the closing }. I tried to achieve this with sed but if I try to print everything in the range /{/,/string2/ for example sed prints this:  sometext1{ string1 }  sometext2{ string2 sometext3{ string4 string5 string6 }   If I search for the string "string2" I need the output to be:   sometext2{ string2 string3 }   Thanks.


Why is MapServer adding horizontal artifacts when projecting EPSG:4326 data to EPSG:3857?

We're running MapServer with a map that has just one layer, political boundaries from a SHP file.  This layer is using a basic EPSG:4326 projection, and the map itself is using EPSG:3857.  The resulting images generated by MapServer CGI queries have horizontal lines at certain latitudes:    Beyond this problem, the map is okay and lines up perfectly with the Open Street Map in OpenLayers.  The MAPFILE we're using:   MAP   WEB           METADATA         "wms_title" "Map Server"         "wms_enable_request"  "*"         "wms_srs"             "EPSG:3857"            END   END    PROJECTION     "init=epsg:3857"   END    IMAGETYPE      PNG   EXTENT -20037508.34 -20037508.34 20037508.34 20037508.34   SIZE           400 300   SHAPEPATH      "../data"   IMAGECOLOR     71 245 242    LAYER # States polygon layer begins here     NAME         Borders     DATA         ne_10m_admin_1_states_provinces_shp     STATUS       OFF     TYPE         POLYGON    PROJECTION     "init=epsg:4326"    END      CLASS       NAME       "Borders"        STYLE         COLOR        43 156 51         OUTLINECOLOR 32 32 32       END     END   END # States polygon layer ends here  END    I've verified that the proj.4 EPSG file has the proper definition of EPSG:3857, and don't understand what's happening.  Any insight would be greatly appreciated.


How to install Windows 10 Anniversary Update on Windows 10 Enterprise edition

I have a laptop with Windows 10 Enterprise edition installed (64bit).  I haven't got the Windows 10 Anniversary Update from the normal Windows Update (I have clicked Check for updates). So I want to install it manually.  I have downloaded the the update from . However when I run it, the Update Assistant says     But I'm my own system administrator. I've installed Enterprise Edition from MSDN Subscriber downloads.  How do I update to the Anniversary Edition?


Ubuntu 17.04 Chromium Browser quietly provides full access to Google account

I am using Ubuntu 17.04 and Chromium browser. I just noticed that in my Google account permission page, I had given full access to Ubuntu. I never did that. So I revoked it. When I did that, I noticed my Chromium browser and all my gmail tabs were signed out. When I signed in again, Ubuntu has gained full access to my account.   Therefore, I installed Google Chrome. when I did that, I resolved this problem.   I installed Chromium browser by typing in   sudo apt-get install chromium-browser   Here is a screenshot to prove my statement.     It is ridiculous if Ubuntu has actually gained full access to my Google account. I did not authorize it and it seems very unethical of Canonical to do it. But may be this some mistake of mine. If so, I apologise for my statement. Either way, I would like to know what is the reason for this to happen with Chromium but not  with Google Chrome browser.  Appreciate your valuable time.   My Chromium version Version : 58.0.3029.96 Built on Ubuntu , running on Ubuntu 17.04 (64-bit) My Google Chrome version Version 58.0.3029.110 (64-bit)


How to show that $uv \le \frac {u^p}{p}+ \frac {v^q}{q}$ where $\frac 1p + \frac 1q = 1$

Let $u, v, p, q > 0$, and let $\dfrac 1p + \dfrac 1q = 1$. Then       $$uv \le \dfrac {u^p}{p}+ \dfrac {v^q}{q}$$      Show that equality occurs iff $u^p = v^q$.   This is problem $10$ from Ch. 6 in Rudin's PMA (integration chapter). I tried two approaches:  Approach 1:  Solving $\frac 1p + \frac 1q = 1$ for $q$ gives  $q = \dfrac {p}{p-1}$. Letting $p=x$ we make the RHS of the inequality into a function: $f(x) = \dfrac {u^x}{x}+\dfrac {v^{\frac {x}{x-1}}}{\frac {x}{x-1}}= \dfrac {u^x}{x}+\dfrac {x-1}{x}v^{\frac {x}{x-1}}$. I plotted $f$ and the results look promising for a first derivative test:    $f'(x) = \dfrac {u^x x \ln u - u^x}{x^2} + \dfrac {1}{x^2}v^{\frac{x}{x-1}} + \dfrac {1}{x^2} + \dfrac {x}{x-1} \cdot \dfrac {1}{x^2} (\ln v) v^{\frac {x}{x-1}}$.   However, I haven't been able to find the solution to $f'(x) = 0$. Yet I know there must be an analytic solution, because the problem tells us that equality occurs iff $u^p = v^q$, so $u^x = v^ {\frac {x}{x-1}}$, and we can solve this equation for $x$ analytically.   Approach 2:  I rewrote the RHS as $\displaystyle \int_0^p u^{t-1} dt + \int_0^q v^{t-1} dt$, but I don't really know what to do from here.


How do I make parameter that will accept (x => x.Value) like .Sum(x => x.Value) or .Average(x => x.Value). I'm thinking I need it to be a Func<> but I'm not sure.  I don't know what the method signature should look. Here's what my current extension method looks like: public static double StdDev(this IEnumerable<double> values) {     //code }  Here's my overload extension so far based (I know this isn't right): public static double StdDev(this IEnumerable<double> values, Func<double, bool> filter) {     IEnumerable<double> data;     if (filter != null)     {         data = values.Where(filter);     }     else     {         data = values;     }     return data.StdDev(); }  Here's my unit test: [TestClass] public class IEnumerableExtensions_StdDev {     [TestMethod]     public void StdDev_Success_Lambda()     {         var dataSet = new List<TestType> {new TestType(35.2), new TestType(54.43)};          //This Line compiles fine but the following one does not.         var test = dataSet.Sum(x => x.Value);         var stdev = dataSet.StdDev(x => x.Value);          stdev.Should().BeInRange(13.5, 13.6);     } }  public class TestType {     public double Value { get; set; }      public TestType(double value)     {         Value = value;     } }  The unit test does not compile.  It gives me an error that reads:  'List' does not contain a definition for 'StdDev' and the best extension method overload 'IEnumerableExtensions.StdDev(IEnumerable, Func<double, bool>)' requires a receiver of type 'IEnumerable'  I don't want to change the test I want to change the overload method signature and/or body but I don't understand what I need to change in my code to make this work.


How is math mode processed in TeX? Is typing \n (in editor) in math mode equivalent to one space? I am asking, because I struggled to find a bug in source code (between a lot of matrices :-) ), and the reason was following:  \documentclass{article}                       \begin{document}        $1     2$                       \end{document}            compiles,  \documentclass{article}   \begin{document}        $1                        2$     \end{document}            but this does not. (missing $ error)  I know that I can add % between to maintain source code style, but the question is about why above error happens.


What kind of algorithms could I use to generate biome borders like in Minecraft?

After I've found  post I'm curious what kind of algorithms they use to generate these shapes (second image).   I can't imagine that the basic shapes are basing on a perlin or simplex noise or a voronoi diagram. With voronoi I'm a bit uncertain to be honest.  Well, so what do you think. What algorithm could be used to generate biome borders like they do?


I installed Ubuntu today on my E: Local Disk alongside Windows 10.... I created a partition an ext4 partition in E:

My local disks C & D and absolutely fine... But can I still access my data from the local disk E:... (And I did not format the disk) The size of the partition was also smaller than the size of the disk. It will be very very very helpful if I can still access that data...


window.print() function showing page url, date, pagecount in header and footer of browser page?How to hide this?

                    <title></title>                  `<div id="sample" >`
Line1

Line2

Line3

      <input type="button" id="print" value="print" />
Miranda v. Arizona in Context

Miranda v. Arizona in Context
                From this have to remove url, page count, Date from Header and footer   Thanks in Advance


i have a problem in the table of content in latex because the sections and subsections have styles.  the problem is the style of the sections and subsections affected on the table of content like the picture below:   how can remove the style of sections in the TOC can anyone help me please?


How to make a jar file run on startup & and when you log out?

I have no idea where to start looking. I've been reading about daemons and didn't understand the concept.  More details :   I've been writing a crawler which never stops and crawlers over RSS in the internet. The crawler has been written in java - therefore its a jar right now. I'm an administrator on a machine that has Ubuntu 11.04 . There is some chances for the machine to crash , so I'd like the crawler to run every time you startup the machine. Furthermore, I'd like it to keep running even when i logged out. I'm not sure this is possible, but most of the time I'm logged out, and I still want to it crawl.   Any ideas? Can someone point me in the right direction?  Just looking for the simplest solution.


Setting a jQuery event handler for AJAX-loaded data

Being fairly new to jQuery and the AJAX basics, I've been trying to set up some fairly simple dynamic loading.  I include a .js file setting up the click event handler, and it looks like this:  var baseurl = document.getElementById("baseurl").getAttribute("href"); var pattern = new RegExp("[^/]+"); var page = "cnt/" + pattern.exec(window.location.href.substr(baseurl.length)) + ".php";  $(document).ready(function(){     $('a.ajax').bind('click',function(event){         event.preventDefault();         $('#content').load("cnt/" + pattern.exec(this.href.substr(baseurl.length)) + ".php")     }) });   Note that I do some changes to the file so the relative href "testing/" would turn into an absolute path to the file "cnt/testing.php".  My anchor tags look like this:  Link to testing page   My problem is, that whenever new content is loaded into div#content the handler in my .js file is not registered for any links that may have appeared using AJAX. In other words the links will simply act as ordinary anchor-tags. I want it to load the next page using AJAX, just like it does with the first page.


Why is the characteristic function of a probability distribution function uniformly continuous? This is from page151 of Chung's A Course in Probability Theory.  Specifically, why is the last inequality true? $|\phi(t+u)-\phi(t)|=\left|\int (e^{i(t+u)x}-e^{itx})dF(x)\right|\leq\int |e^{iux}-1|dF(x)$.


Is table partitioning improving performance? Is it worth it?

I have just been involved in a project on which I will have to develop a data migration process and a web interface that uses an already existing SQL Server DB. This DB was developed by another person several years ago, it has around 100 GB of data and it is increasing every 10 minutes (it stores 10 min data from several units -> 144 records per day per device). Several tables have around 10 milion rows. The point is that I think the main tables have been designed in a way that is not the most efficient or appropiate for the kind of queries that will be usually executed. Now I need to proof if what I say is better than what it is already implemented. The DB is extensive in number of tables, but the structure can be simplified by the following diagram:   The Date_Id field is generated automatically by a function using the DateTime field. There are two indexes in both tables. The cluster index for each table contains the PK fields in the same order. The second index for the Unit table contains only the Unit_Id field, while the second index in UnitData contains the Unit_Id and DateTime fields in this order.  However, I think the design should be this one:   In this case only a clustered index for the PK fields will be needed. For this DB design the usual query would be something like:  SELECT ud.* FROM Unit u, UnitData ud WHERE u.Unit_Id = ud.Unit_Id and ud.DateTime >= 'dd-MM-yyyy' ORDER BY ud.Unit_Id, ud.DateTime   Now comes the thing that I really don't understand: I've been told that the only reason for having a Date_Id column is to use it as partitioning column for this table. I've asked about the real necessity of having this table partitioned and the asnwer was "to run queries more efficiently when wanting daily or monthly data". I didn't know to much about partitioning before this, so I checked these links:        Considering that the ideal query would be filtering by device and datetime, the questions are:   What do you think would be the most efficient and ideal query for the first DB design (with partitioning)? Do you really think that the most efficent query against the first DB design is better than the second one (the one I wrote above)? If the previous one was affirmative, do you really think the improvement is worth enough having two extras fields (Id and Date-Id) and an extra index?   Thank you very much!!


I want to use the  package for a list of acronyms. When posting Greek letters like such:  \acro{$\nu$}{frequency}   I get errors  ! Missing \endcsname inserted   What does that mean and how do I fix that?


How can I quote (small) parts of my document in itself?

In my research I have large pieces of text of which I like to quote some parts of it, without having to copy/paste and have duplicate pieces. I know I can do that with \include, but the need to have all the excerpts in the many different files does not seem very attractive.  Some more background: I'll provide a large piece of text in the full versions of the reports (appendices), but in the main document I'd like to provide the analysis of these larger pieces of information and refer to excerpts like this:     In the interview as provided in section 3.1, [Engineer A] stated:           Donec scelerisque felis et pellentesque tempor. Mauris blandit, nisi vitae mollis dictum, quam arcu pulvinar ipsum, consequat placerat augue mauris non est.         Which is very similar to what [Engineer B] described, as seen in section 3.2, this issue from his position:           Sed lacinia dictum nunc quis molestie. Maecenas neque erat, egestas id commodo at, pulvinar in odio.      And then these are just two quotes from the large sections 3.1 and 3.2.  What would be the best way to accomplish this?  Preferably something similar to this hypothetical approach:  % appendix text Proin dignissim vitae est at suscipit. \begin[quote1]{savetext}Donec scelerisque felis et pellentesque tempor.   Mauris blandit, nisi vitae mollis dictum, quam arcu pulvinar ipsum,   consequat placerat augue mauris non est. \end{savetext} Nulla sollicitudin lorem a urna tempus, nec convallis purus blandit.  % main report In the interview as provided in section \ref{sec:seclabel}, [Engineer A] stated: \printsavetext{quote1}   Perhaps I could define my own environment, abuse the glossaries package or something like that. For what's it worth, I'm using the memoir package for my documents.


I know I could change the page title with drupal_set_title(t('Amy page title')), but when I try it in Drupal 8 I get the There is no such function error.  How can I change page title in Drupal 8?


Algorithm to find Largest prime factor of a number

What is the best approach to calculating the largest prime factor of a number?  I'm thinking the most efficient would be the following:   Find lowest prime number that divides cleanly Check if result of division is prime If not, find next lowest Go to 2.   I'm basing this assumption on it being easier to calculate the small prime factors. Is this about right? What other approaches should I look into?  Edit: I've now realised that my approach is futile if there are more than 2 prime factors in play, since step 2 fails when the result is a product of two other primes, therefore a recursive algorithm is needed.  Edit again: And now I've realised that this does still work, because the last found prime number has to be the highest one, therefore any further testing of the non-prime result from step 2 would result in a smaller prime.


What coordinates are chosen by default in Texture nodes?

I have created a texture coordinate node and then deleted it. This action shows a small difference after rendering and I'm interested in describing this difference in words.


Organize photos for many overlapping projects

I am working with a larger collection of photographs (~10,000) for my PhD thesis (in biology) and I am currently struggling with the organization of these. Sorry, if this question is in the wrong stackexchange community, I just thought that if someone people here should know about organization of photos.  My collection:  To elaborate a bit more on what I would like to achieve: I am currently doing my PhD working and need to take a lot of pictures to identify or protocol different plants. Since my project is divided in 4-5 different sub-projects (each with further sub-divisions) it is hard to keep an overview. Also, some pictures are of general interest for my project and so should be linked not only to the corresponding sub-project but as well to the whole. Additionally, I am awaiting more photos to pile up as this was only the first out of three field seasons...  My question:   How would you organize such as a photographic library?  What kind of folder structure would you suggest?   If I am searching in this forum (eg.  or ) or in any search engine, mostly ideas for daily life or professional pictures come up. But these use a very different kind of organization from what I need. For example, it is of little use to me to organize my pictures into people, places, events and dates as often suggested (eg. ).  Regarding folder structure, I thought about sort pictures  corresponding to days (eg. 2019-06-23). But I am afraid this would get to messy!? Or maybe I could sort pictures into the sub-projects and use tags in the metadata to link them to other sub-projects?  Side notes:   I am running a Linux machine (Manjaro, specifically) and so far I tried out digiKam for organization of my library. But I guess the OS is only of secondary relevance here (ie. each OS should have at least some software to deal with this kind of problem). For now I do not need to sync my files between devices. Usually, I do not need to edit my photos. Only maybe 1-2 for the cover later...


Moving emails into folders after they are read

How do I set up a rule to move emails after they have been read rather than as soon as I get the email?  I can set up rules to move emails from my inbox automatically, but I would like to be able to keep all unread emails in one spot rather than having to check 37 folders for unread emails.


There are many sites ending in "Overflow". Are these affiliated?

Many sites use "Overflow" in their names:      Are any of these Stack Exchange sites? If so, what should a Stack Exchange site have that distinguishes it from other sites? (I'm not asking for legal advice, just info about if they're affiliated or not.)


I am trying to migrate my app code from bitbucket to github. I changed the remotes on my folder but when I tried to push on my new repo I had an error as I add a file that was too big in size.  I deleted the file then git add . and commited the change but when I try to push the code on my repository, I still have the same error as if the big file is still there :  Counting objects: 7302, done. Delta compression using up to 4 threads. Compressing objects: 100% (5689/5689), done. Writing objects: 100% (7302/7302), 385.41 MiB | 2.14 MiB/s, done. Total 7302 (delta 3982), reused 3468 (delta 1527) remote: error: GH001: Large files detected. You may want to try Git Large File Storage - https://git-lfs.github.com. remote: error: Trace: 22d95f5ef2a2bcab974f9ccbe5819675 remote: error: See http://git.io/iEPt8g for more information. remote: error: File wefootapp.zip is 351.71 MB; this exceeds GitHub's file size limit of 100.00 MB To git@github.com:davidgeismar/wefootapp.git  ! [remote rejected] master -> master (pre-receive hook declined) error: failed to push some refs to 'git@github.com:davidgeismar/wefootapp.git'   what should I do for git to understand that the file was deleted?


MD5 has a digest size of 128 bits but has long been discouraged.  Is there an alternative algorithm with 128 bit digest size which is still considered secure?


Calling delete on variable allocated on the stack

Ignoring programming style and design, is it "safe" to call delete on a variable allocated on the stack?  For example:     int nAmount;    delete &nAmount;   or  class sample { public:     sample();     ~sample() { delete &nAmount;}     int nAmount; }


Did Han Solo shoot Darth Vader’s TIE Fighter wingman from the cockpit of the Millennium Falcon?

In Stars Wars: Episode IV—A New Hope, did Han Solo shoot Darth Vader’s TIE Fighter wingman from his chair in the cockpit of the Millennium Falcon or from one of the Falcon’s two swiveling gun turrets?  If he was in one of the swiveling gun turrets, then Chewbacca was flying the Falcon at that moment and he did a great job of piloting because he likely had to dodge the laser fire coming from about 10 or more gun turrets on the Death Star in order to get close enough to the Death Star’s surface for Han to make that shot.  If this is what occurred, then Chewbacca was the real hero of the day in my opinion.


How to find out the number of arguments passed when creating an instance of a class?

I need to make my custom error. If the arguments are not numbers and if the arguments alength are more or less than two, then an error occurs.  class Point {     constructor(x, y) {         this.x = x;         this.y = y;         this.isNum();     }     isNum() {         if(typeof this.x !== 'number' || typeof this.y !== 'number' ) {             throw new Error('point is not a number ')         }       console.log(arguments.length)     }  }   try{     let example = new Point(1,2) } catch(e){      console.error(e) } console.log(example.arguments.length)   How do I know the length of the arguments?  Is this spelling wrong?  If you can show how to solve correctly?  I apologize if I crookedly wrote a question.


Scientists tricked into inventing antigravity story?

A short story I read somewhere, possibly Analog Magazine. The US government assembles a team of Scientists to reverse engineer a wrecked antigravity backpack. The word 'noise' is in the title. It turns out the film of it working was faked. The government thought that there was no progress in antigravity research because of the bias that it was impossible.


How to solve error when accessing object function in java?

Hi I'm creating a 2D array of objects in java and want to access one of the functions that simply returns the boolean value of the variable but for some reason, its throwing an error. The code looks so simple but I can't figure out what I am doing wrong. My guess is something to do with my implementation of the array, but I think I did it right. My goal is to create individual instances of the class for each value in the 100x100 grid. Here is the code and error I am getting public class Main {      public static void main(String[] args) {         ParkingLot parkingLot = new ParkingLot("Rushi's Parking lot", 100, 100);          Vehicle car1 = new Car("License");         parkingLot.registerVehicle();      } }  public class ParkingLot {     String name;     ParkingSpot[][] parkingGrid;      public ParkingLot(String name, int xSize, int ySize){         this.name = name;         this.parkingGrid = new ParkingSpot[xSize][ySize];     }      public void registerVehicle() {         System.out.println(parkingGrid[0][0].isAvailable());     }      public void getNextSpot(Vehicle vehicle){      } }  public class ParkingSpot {     private boolean available = true;     private String license;     private int time;      public boolean isAvailable() {         return available;     }      public void reserveSpot(String license){         this.license = license;         this.available = false;     } }  Error: Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NullPointerException     at ParkingLot.registerVehicle(ParkingLot.java:14)     at Main.main(Main.java:7)


How does air neutralize charged objects?

How exactly does air neutralize charged objects?  For example, at what rate does air neutralize a copper sphere of radius R and net charge Q? I assume that the rate may vary depending on the surface area and amount of charge but what physical process takes place? Consider the upper limit of the net charge to be below what would cause a spark in the air. I would really appreciate a full physical explanation along with a quantitative analysis.


Why do we say UX for User Experience rather than UE?

The term User Experience goes back to Don Norman sometime in the early 90s.  But where did the abbreviation UX, rather than UE, come from?  I'm guessing that it was influenced by the release of Windows XP ) which came out in late 2001).  I came across a copy of the UPA Magazine from Winter 2002 which is called 'User Experience' and a page in this gives "The UX Book Selection" - so UX rather than UE was being used then.   Can anyone provide some earlier history or references?


Historical differences in usage of "Mrs" for "mistress" or "missus"

The title Mrs. stands for mistress, but some English native speakers claim mistress is only used to indicate the woman with whom one has an (illicit) affair and that missus is the long version of Mrs.  I'd like to know what happened historically () to the evolution in meaning of the two terms.  Also, the NGram Viewer shows mistress to be predominant in its books (which of course says nothing on the meaning).


what is the difference between "allow: /" and "disallow:" in robots.txt?

I know how robots.txt works but I am confused at one point, the point is what is the difference between these two, I know that they have the same function but which one is more valid than the other, and which one should I use when I want to make all my content public for search engines. (note: i know that disallow: /make other function) what is the difference between this: User-agent: * Allow: /  and this: User-agent: * Disallow: