title: Sabaneta, Santiago Rodríguez

paragraphs: San Ignacio de Sabaneta is a city and municipality in northwestern Dominican Republic. It is the main city of the Santiago Rodríguez province. It is usually called only "Sabaneta" or "Santiago Rodríguez".

paragraphs: The town was founded in 1844 by Santiago Rodríguez and others in a small savanna ("Sabaneta" means a "small savanna") north of the Cordillera Central mountain range. In 1854, the town was elevated to the category "Military Post" and in 1858 it became a municipality of the Santiago province.

paragraphs: "San Ignacio de Sabaneta" was the centre of the fight against the Spanish soldiers during the first period of the Restoration War (1863-1865).

paragraphs: When in 1879 Monte Cristi became a province, San Ignacio de Sabaneta was made a municipality of that new province. When the new province of Santiago Rodríguez was created in 1948, San Ignacio de Sabaneta was made the head municipality of the province.

paragraphs: The city had, in , a total population of 34,540: 17,935 men and 16,605 women. The urban population was of the total population.

paragraphs: San Ignacio de Sabaneta is on the northern side of the "Cordillera Central" ("Central mountain range") and has a total area of , about of the total area of the province of Santiago Rodríguez. The city is an elevation of , and at to the northwest of Santo Domingo.

paragraphs: It does not have any municipal district (a municipal district is a subdivision of a municipality).

paragraphs: The municipality of San Ignacio de Sabaneta has the Monte Cristi province to the north, the municipality of Monción to the northwest, the Santiago province to the west, the San Juan province to the southeast, the Elías Piña province to the south and the municipality of Villa Los Almácigos and the Dajabón province to the west.

paragraphs: San Ignacio de Sabaneta has a tropical wet and dry/savanna climate (Köppen-Geiger classification: Aw) with a pronounced dry season in winter.

paragraphs: The average amount of rainfall for the year in the city is . The month with the most precipitation on average is May with of rainfall, followed by October with .

paragraphs: The driest season is winter. The month with the least rainfall on average is January with an average of and the second is December with .

paragraphs: San Ignacio de Sabaneta is in a warm region; the average temperature for the year is . The warmest month, on average, is August with an average temperature of . The coolest month on average is January, with an average temperature of .

paragraphs: The main economic activity of the municipality is farming: tobacco and cattle raising for milk.


title: Dottikon

paragraphs: Dottikon is a municipality in Bremgarten in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.


title: Döttingen, Switzerland

paragraphs: Döttingen is a municipality of the district Zurzach in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.


title: Dürrenäsch

paragraphs: Dürrenäsch is a municipality in Kulm in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.


title: Effingen

paragraphs: Effingen is a municipality of the district Brugg in canton of Aargau in Switzerland.


title: Eggenwil

paragraphs: Eggenwil is a municipality of the district Bremgarten in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.


title: Egliswil

paragraphs: Egliswil is a municipality of the district Lenzburg in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.


title: Eiken, Switzerland

paragraphs: Eiken is a municipality in Laufenburg in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.


title: Elfingen

paragraphs: Elfingen is a municipality of the district Brugg in canton of Aargau in Switzerland.


title: Sarnen

paragraphs: Sarnen is the capital of the canton of Obwalden in Switzerland.


title: Kerns

paragraphs: Kerns is a municipality of the canton of Obwalden in Switzerland.


title: Sachseln

paragraphs: Sachseln is a municipality of the canton of Obwalden in Switzerland.


title: Alpnach

paragraphs: Alpnach is a municipality of the canton of Obwalden in Switzerland.


title: Giswil

paragraphs: Giswil is a municipality of the canton of Obwalden in Switzerland.


title: Lungern

paragraphs: Lungern is a municipality of the canton of Obwalden in Switzerland.


title: Engelberg

paragraphs: Engelberg is a municipality of the canton of Obwalden in Switzerland.


title: 121 Hermione

paragraphs: 121 Hermione is a very big asteroid of the dark C spectral type, orbiting in the Cybele group in the farther part of the main belt. As a C-type, it is probably made of carbonate.

paragraphs: Hermione was found by J. C. Watson on May 12, 1872, and named after Hermione, daughter of Menelaus and Helen in Greek mythology. Hermione is a Cybele asteroid and orbits beyond most of the main belt asteroids.

paragraphs: The asteroid has an odd shape, as evidenced by adaptive optics images, the first of which were taken in December 2003, with the Keck telescope. Of many proposed shape models that agreed with the images, a "snowman"-like shape was found to best fit the seen precession rate of Hermione's moon.

paragraphs: Observation of the moon's orbit has made possible a correct determination of Hermione's mass. For the best-fit "snowman" model, the density is found to be 1.8 ± 0.2 g/cm³. This gives a porosity of the order of 20%. This could be because the main asteroids are fractured solid bodies, but not a rubble pile (an asteroid that has been broken up by a collision and pulled back together by gravity).

paragraphs: Occultations by Hermione have been successfully seen three times so far, the last time in February 2004.

paragraphs: A moon of Hermione was found in 2002 with the Keck II telescope. The moon is currently called S/2002 (121) 1. It has not yet been officially named, but the name "LaFayette" has been suggested by a group of astronomers. This is after the ship used in secret by the Marquis de Lafayette to reach America to help the Americans during the American Revolutionary War.


Hermione


title: Endingen, Switzerland

paragraphs: Endingen is a municipality of the district Zurzach in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

paragraphs: On 1 January 2014 the former municipality of Unterendingen merged into the municipality of Endingen.


title: Ennetbaden

paragraphs: Ennetbaden is a municipality of the district Baden in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.


title: Ray Toro

paragraphs: Raymond Toro, born on July 15, 1977 in Kearny, New Jersey. Toro is the lead guitarist and one of two backup vocalists for My Chemical Romance. He plays Gibson Les Paul guitars with Seymour Duncan pickups through Marshall amplifiers. He helped form the band in 2001 after reconnecting with frontman Gerard Way and drummer Matt Pelissier.

paragraphs: When he was younger he enjoyed the music of Queen, Metallica, Megadeth, and Slayer and he cites Brian May and Randy Rhoads as large influences on his playing. Toro has said that he grew up listening to his brothers rock albums and has always wanted to play the drums, though he sticks to guitar with My Chemical Romance.

paragraphs: On April,13 2011, #SINGItForJapan was released as an effort to raise money for Japan after the tsunami. This project was started when Toro was inspired by kind words from their fans, and he went on to arrange much of the instruments to create a sound that closely emulated traditional Japanese music.


title: Belleville, New Jersey

paragraphs: Belleville is a Township in Essex County, New Jersey, United States. As of the United States 2000 Census, the township population was 35,928.


title: Kearny, New Jersey

paragraphs: Kearny (pronounced ) is a town in Hudson County, New Jersey, United States. It was named after Civil War general Philip Kearny. As of the United States 2000 Census, the town population was 40,513.


title: Frank Iero

paragraphs: Frank Anthony Thomas "Frank" Iero, Jr. (born October 31, 1981) is the youngest member of the band My Chemical Romance. He was born in Belleville, New Jersey and attended Queen of Peace High School in North Arlington. He attended Rutgers University on scholarship but then dropped out for the band after he felt they were beginning to get somewhere. Iero is a rhythm guitarist and is one of the two backup vocalists for the

paragraphs: alternative rock band My Chemical Romance. He was also in other bands such as Leathermouth, Pencey Prep, Death Spells, Frank Iero and the Celebration, Frank Iero and the Patience, and Frank Iero and the Future Violents.


title: Mikey Way

paragraphs: Michael James Way (born September 10, 1980) is an American musician. He is the bass guitarist for the rock band My Chemical Romance. Way is the younger brother of the band's singer Gerard Way. He is from Belleville, New Jersey. Way grew up with his brother Gerard and their parents Donald and Donna Way (nee Rush).

paragraphs: Mikey Way joined My Chemical Romance in 2001. The other members of the band were his older brother and singer, Gerard Way, drummer Matt Pelissier, and lead guitarist Ray Toro. He is most notable for giving the band its name from an Irvine Welsh novel he read while working at a Barnes and Noble. The novel was "Ecstasy: Three Tales of Chemical Romance."

paragraphs: After several weeks on their first tour, Mikey left college to play with the band full time. He has always been a main member of My Chemical Romance, but he left the band for a short time in early 2007. This was shortly after his marriage to Alicia Simmons. He was replaced by Matt Cortez on that tour. He rejoined the band later that year. Way was with the band for the rest of the time, until the band broke up on March 22, 2013, but as of October 31, 2019, he is in the band as of the reunion

paragraphs: Way has performed on all five of the band's studio albums.


title: ENIAC

paragraphs: ENIAC (which meant "Electronic Numerical Integrator And Computer") was a computer built between 1943 and 1946. It was designed by two people called John Mauchly and J. Presper Eckert. The machine was built out of nearly 17,500 vacuum tubes, 7,200 diodes and many miles of wire. It took up of space, which is the size of a large room.

paragraphs: The history of computers is complex, and many machines have been identified as the "first computer". ENIAC's claim is based on the fact that it was more programmable than previous ones.

paragraphs: Because the computer was built out of vacuum tubes, it often broke. This meant that someone had to find the failed tube (which was "not" an easy job), take the bad tube out and put a working tube in.

paragraphs: Making programs for the computer was difficult. Making the computer ready for one single program could take many days or even weeks. This was because the programming had to be done by pulling wires from one place to another. This was not hard for small programs, but if a large program was wanted, it was very hard work. Programming by pulling wires was used until 1948, when a special type of memory was added (called Read Only Memory (ROM), because the computer could read it but not write it). After that, programming was done by using switches, which only took hours instead of days.

paragraphs: The ENIAC was first designed to print firing tables for U.S Army artillery, but the war ended before the machine was completed.

paragraphs: When it was asked if it was possible to make a hydrogen bomb, ENIAC gave the answer in 20 seconds. ENIAC took 70 hours to work out pi to 2000 decimal places. A modern PC with a CPU of the size of 2x2 cm is much faster than ENIAC, which used up a whole room of space. For an example, a modern PC can work out a million (1 000 000) decimal places of pi in about ten seconds.

paragraphs: ENIAC was shut down forever on October 2, 1955. Now, only about 10 panels of the 40 exist. Although the original is shut down, programs written for the ENIAC can still be run on a modern computer using an emulator.


title: National Democratic Party of Germany

paragraphs: The National Democratic Party () is a far-right political party in Germany. It is usually just called the NPD.

paragraphs: It was formed after the Deutsche Reichspartei dissolved in 1964.

paragraphs: It is not the same as the old Hessian Nationaldemokratischen Partei. That was one of the parties which joined to form the Deutsche Reichspartei in 1949.

paragraphs: The German government tried to get the NPD banned in 2003, but the Bundesverfassungsgericht threw the case out when some of the leaders of the party turned out to be agents or informers of German security services, including the Bundesamt für Verfassungsschutz, the "Federal Office for the Protection of the Constitution", which still lists the NPD as a dangerous organisation because its policies are a threat to the peace and stability of Germany and the constitution. The NPD is also referred to as being Neo-Nazi, as it openly opposes Turks, blacks, gays and Jews.


title: Austral thrush

paragraphs: Austral thrush ("Turdus falcklandii magellanicus") is a common bird found in southern South America. Its size is 29 cm. It has a brown head. Its breast is gray-yellow. Its beak is solid and yellow. It has dark brown eyes with yellow eyebrows.


title: 130 Elektra

paragraphs: 130 Elektra is a very big farther main belt asteroid. It was found by C. H. F. Peters on February 17, 1873 and named after Electra, an avenger in Greek mythology.

paragraphs: Its spectrum is of the G type, so it is probably made up like Ceres. Spectral signatures of organic compounds have been seen on Elektra's surface

paragraphs: Recent optical sightings have found a moon (see below). Using its orbit, Elektra's mass can be found more correctly. The value of 1.3 kg indicates an unusually high density (for asteroids) of 3.8 ± 0.3 g/cm³. Optical sightings have also determined that Elektra's shape is quite non-spherical, as well as giving indications of albedo differences of 5-15% on its surface.

paragraphs: In 2003, a small moon of Elektra was detected using the Keck II telescope. The diameter of the moon is 4 km and it orbits at a distance of about 1170 km. The moon has been given the provisional designation S/2003 (130) 1. Due to only a few sightings to date, its orbit is still not well known


title: Absinthe

paragraphs: Absinthe is a distilled highly alcoholic drink. It is 45–74% alcohol by volume / 90–148 U.S. proof) beverage. It is an anise-flavoured spirit won from herbs. The herbs including the flowers and leaves of "Artemisia absinthium" ("grand wormwood"), together with green anise, sweet fennel.

paragraphs: Absinthe has a natural green colour but may also be colourless. It is commonly referred to in historical literature as """" (the green fairy). It is not a liqueur, because it is not traditionally bottled with added sugar; therefore it is a spirit.

paragraphs: Absinthe is bottled at a high level of alcohol, but it is usually diluted with water before it is drunk.

paragraphs: Absinthe came from Val-de-Travers, Switzerland. It was very popular in late 19th and early 20th century France. Parisian artists and writers drank it. The romantic associations with the drink still lingers in popular culture. At the end of 1900 the French were drinking over 2 million litres of absinthe a year. By 1910 this had increased to 36 million litres. Ernest Hemingway, James Joyce, Charles Baudelaire, Paul Verlaine, Arthur Rimbaud, Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec, Amedeo Modigliani, Pablo Picasso, Vincent van Gogh, Oscar Wilde, Aleister Crowley, Erik Satie and Alfred Jarry were all known absinthe drinkers.

paragraphs: Absinthe has often been thought a dangerous addictive psychoactive drug and hallucinogen. The chemical compound thujone, although present in the spirit in only trace amounts, was blamed for its alleged harmful effects. By 1915, absinthe had been banned in the United States and in much of Europe, including France, the Netherlands, Belgium, Switzerland and Austria-Hungary.

paragraphs: However, it has not been shown to be any more dangerous than ordinary spirits. Recent studies have shown that absinthe's psychoactive effects (apart from the alcohol) have been exaggerated. A revival of absinthe began in the 1990s, after modern European Union food and beverage laws removed barriers to its production and sale. By the early 21st century, nearly 200 brands of absinthe were being produced in a dozen countries, most notably in France, Switzerland, Australia, Spain, and the Czech Republic.

paragraphs: The precise origin of absinthe is unknown. Wormwood has been in medical use since 1500 BC. In 1797, Henry-Louis Pernod, opened the first absinthe distillery, called "Dubied Père et Fils", in Couvet. In 1805 Pernod built a second distillery in Pontarlier, France,

paragraphs: Absinthe's popularity grew slowly. In the 1840s absinthe was given to French soldiers as a malaria treatment. When the troops returned home, they started to drink absinthe with water. It became popular at bars and bistros. After the 1860s absinthe had become so popular that it was for sale in most cafés and cabarets. By the 1880s the price had dropped a lot, the market got bigger, and absinthe soon became "the" drink of France. By 1910 the French were drinking 36 million litres of absinthe per year.

paragraphs: Absinthe was often linked with violent crimes supposedly committed under its influence. Combined with hard liquor use and the low price, absinthe became a social problem in France. Wine makers groups often publicized problems with absinthe. Journalists blamed absinthe for many social problems.

paragraphs: In 1900 absinthe was banned in Switzerland. The banning of absinthe was even written into the constitution in 1907, following a popular initiative. The Netherlands banned absinthe in 1909, followed by the United States in 1912 and France in 1915. Around the same time, Australia banned the liquor too. After the absinthe prohibition, wine and whiskey makers had a big increase in sales.

paragraphs: In the 1990s an importer discovered that there was no UK law banning the sale of absinthe. It had never been banned in the UK. Hill's Liquere, a Czech Republic distillery founded in 1920, began manufacturing Hill's Absinth. This was a Bohemian-style absinthe, which started a rebirth in absinthe's popularity.

paragraphs: It has never been banned in Spain or Portugal, where it continues to be made. France never changed the law of 1915. In 1988 a new law was passed. This bans only drinks that call themselves 'absinthe' and drinks that do not meet with European Union laws on thujone. Thujone is the chemical which was thought to cause the hallucinatory (bad dream) effect of absinthe.

paragraphs: In the Netherlands, the old law banning absinthe was successfully challenged by the Amsterdam wine seller Menno Boorsma. In July 2004 it became legal to make absinthe again.

paragraphs: In Switzerland, the constitutional ban on absinthe was removed in 2000 during an overhaul of the national constitution. The ban was written into ordinary law instead. Absinthe is now not only sold in Switzerland, but is once again distilled in its Val-de-Travers birthplace.

paragraphs: In the United States the laws banning absinthe are hard to understand. In some states it is legal have a bottle of absinthe, but not to buy or to produce it. The export and import of absinthe is probably illegal.

paragraphs: Traditionally, absinthe is put into a glass. A sugar cube is then placed in the bowl of a special spoon. Ice-cold water is poured or dripped over the sugar until the drink is diluted. During this process, the parts that are not soluble in water make the liquid cloudy. The resulting milky opalescence is called the "louche".

paragraphs: The main herbs used to produce absinthe are green anise, florence fennel and grande wormwood, often called the 'holy trinity'. Many other herbs may be used as well, such as hyssop, melissa, star anise, petite wormwood ("Artemisia pontica" or Roman wormwood), angelica root, Sweet Flag, dittany leaves, coriander, veronica, juniper, nutmeg, and various mountain herbs.

paragraphs: The herbs are first soaked, a step called "maceration". Heat is added in the process of distillation which extracts a pure liquid. Wormwood, anise, and Florence fennel produce a colorless liquid or distillate that is about 72% alcohol. The distillate can be bottled clear, to produce a "Blanche" or "la Bleue" absinthe. A second step can add color to the liquid using artificial or natural coloring.


title: Ernst Reuter

paragraphs: Ernst Rudolf Johannes Reuter (29 July 1889 - 29 September 1953) was a German politician.

paragraphs: Reuter was born in the small Prussian town of Apenrade (today Aabenraa in Denmark).

paragraphs: After getting his abitur in 1907 at the Gymnasium in Leer (East Frisia) he went to Marburg to study philosophy and social sciences. In 1909 he moved to the university in Munich. In Munich he first came in touch with the ideas of socialism. He returned to Marburg in the autumn of 1910 and in 1912 took the state examination there.

paragraphs: Ernst Reuter then worked as a private tutor in Bielefeld. He joined the Social Democratic Party in Bielefeld, but soon went to the SPD party executive to Berlin where he worked in the central education committee.

paragraphs: Reuter did not believe in war. He founded the pacifist, group "Neues Vaterland" .

paragraphs: In 1916 Reuter was ordered into the imperial army. He was a courier on the eastern front. He was seriously wounded and became a Russian prisoner. He studied Russian in the prison camp, followed the Bolsheviks, and was appointed People's Commissar in the Volga German Republic in December 1917.

paragraphs: But Reuter returned to Germany in November 1918. He joined the Communist Party (KPD) and became First Secretary of the Berlin city party in 1920. The KPD expelled him in January 1922, and later that year Reuter returned to SPD.

paragraphs: In 1926, after having been editor of the SPD newspaper "Vorwärts" ("Forwards"), he started working for the Berlin Transport Department. Reuter oversaw the creation of the "Berliner Verkehrs-Aktien-Gesellschaft" (BVG) in 1928. The BVG was a merger of all of the underground, tram, and bus companies in the city. At the time the BVG was the largest public transport company in the world. It still operates today, as part of the Berlin-Brandenburg Transport Group.

paragraphs: Reuter was mayor of Magdeburg from 1931 up to the take-over by the National Socialists; he belonged to the SPD parliamentary group in the Reichstag at the same time. After being arrested several times Ernst Reuter was freed from a concentration camp after help from English friends. He moved to live in the Netherlands, then Great Britain and Turkey. He worked as an adviser for the Turkish government in traffic matters. In 1938 he became a professor for urban development and town planning at the Administration Academy in Ankara.

paragraphs: Ernst Reuter returned to Berlin in November 1946 and became head of the city's traffic department again.

paragraphs: The Soviet veto stopped Reuter from becoming mayor in June 1947. But he played on a central role also under the acting Mayor Louise Schröder.

paragraphs: The elections set for 5 December 1948 could only take place in the western sectors. The SPD gained almost two-thirds of the votes so they were the strongest party. On 7 December the old city council met once again and elected Ernst Reuter as mayor. This choice was confirmed by the new parliament on 14 January 1949. Although the SPD lost about 20 per cent of the votes in the elections on 3 December 1950, Ernst Reuter remained in the office. The vote in parliament between Reuter and the CDU candidate Walther Schreiber had ended with a stalemate. Schreiber withdrew in favour of Reuter who took the new official title of Regierender Bürgermeister, at the head an all-party coalition with the from SPD, CDU and FDP.

paragraphs: Ernst Reuter stayed in charge of Berlin for another two years and eight months. He died of a heart attack in Berlin.


title: Würenlos

paragraphs: Würenlos is a municipality of the district of Baden in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.


title: Würenlingen

paragraphs: Würenlingen is a municipality of the district of Baden in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.


title: Wölflinswil

paragraphs: Wölflinswil is a municipality of the district of Laufenburg in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.


title: Wohlenschwil

paragraphs: Wohlenschwil is a municipality in Baden in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.


title: Wohlen, Aargau

paragraphs: Wohlen is a municipality of the district of Bremgarten in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.


title: Wittnau, Switzerland

paragraphs: Wittnau is a municipality of the district of Laufenburg in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.


title: Wislikofen

paragraphs: Wislikofen is a municipality of the district of Zurzach in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.


title: Windisch

paragraphs: Windisch is a municipality of the district of Brugg in the canton (or state) of Aargau in the country Switzerland. In 2014, about 7,143 people lived in Windisch. Home of the Swiss railway archives


title: Wiliberg

paragraphs: Wiliberg is a municipality of the district of Zofingen in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.


title: Wettingen

paragraphs: Wettingen is a municipality in Baden in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.


title: Wegenstetten

paragraphs: Wegenstetten is a municipality of the district of Rheinfelden in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.


title: Waltenschwil

paragraphs: Waltenschwil is a municipality of the district of Muri in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.


title: Wallbach, Switzerland

paragraphs: Wallbach is a municipality of the district of Rheinfelden in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.


title: Vordemwald

paragraphs: Vordemwald is a municipality of the district of Zofingen in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.


title: Villnachern

paragraphs: Villnachern is a municipality of the district of Brugg in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.


title: Villmergen

paragraphs: Villmergen is a municipality of the district of Bremgarten in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

paragraphs: Since 2010, Hilfikon is part of the municipality.


title: Villigen

paragraphs: Villigen is a municipality of the district of Brugg in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

paragraphs: Since 2006, Stilli is part of the municipality.


title: Veltheim, Aargau

paragraphs: Veltheim is a municipality of the district of Brugg in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.


title: Untersiggenthal

paragraphs: Untersiggenthal is a municipality of the district of Baden in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.


title: Unterlunkhofen

paragraphs: Unterlunkhofen is a municipality of the district of Bremgarten in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.


title: Unterkulm

paragraphs: Unterkulm is a municipality of the district of Kulm in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.


title: Unterentfelden

paragraphs: Unterentfelden is a municipality of the district of Aarau of the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.


title: Unterbözberg

paragraphs: Unterbözberg is a former municipality of the district of Brugg in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

paragraphs: On 1 January 2013 the former municipalities of Unterbözberg, Gallenkirch, Linn and Oberbözberg merged into the new municipality of Bözberg.


title: Umiken

paragraphs: Umiken is a former municipality of the district of Brugg in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

paragraphs: Since 2010, it is part of the city of Brugg.


title: Uezwil

paragraphs: Uezwil is a municipality of the district of Bremgarten in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.


title: Uerkheim

paragraphs: Uerkheim is a municipality of the district of Zofingen in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.


title: Ueken

paragraphs: Ueken is a municipality of the district of Laufenburg in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.


title: Turgi

paragraphs: Turgi is a municipality in Baden in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland. In 2002, Turgi got the Wakker Prize for saving its historical buildings.


title: Thalheim, Aargau

paragraphs: Thalheim is a municipality of the district of Brugg in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.


title: Teufenthal

paragraphs: Teufenthal is a municipality of the district of Kulm in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.


title: Tegerfelden

paragraphs: Tegerfelden is a municipality of the district of Zurzach in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.


title: Tägerig

paragraphs: Tägerig is a municipality of the district of Bremgarten in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.


title: Suhr, Aargau

paragraphs: Suhr is a municipality of the district of Aarau of the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.


title: Strengelbach

paragraphs: Strengelbach is a municipality of the district of Zofingen in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.


title: Stilli

paragraphs: Stilli is a former municipality of the canton of Aargau, Switzerland. Since 2006, it is part of the municipality of Villigen.


title: Stetten, Aargau

paragraphs: Stetten is a municipality of the district of Baden in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.


title: Stein, Aargau

paragraphs: Stein is a municipality of the district of Rheinfelden in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.


title: Staufen, Switzerland

paragraphs: Staufen is a municipality of the district of Lenzburg in the canton of Aargau in the country of Switzerland.


title: Staffelbach

paragraphs: Staffelbach is a municipality of the district of Zofingen in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.


title: Sisseln

paragraphs: Sisseln is a municipality of the district of Laufenburg in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.


title: Sins, Switzerland

paragraphs: Sins is a municipality of the district of Muri in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.


title: Wil, Aargau

paragraphs: Wil is a former municipality of the district of Laufenburg in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

paragraphs: On 1 January 2010 the former municipalities of Wil, Etzgen, Hottwil, Mettau and Oberhofen merged into the new municipality of Mettauertal.


title: Widen

paragraphs: Widen is a municipality of the district of Bremgarten in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.


Sulz


title: Sulz, Aargau

paragraphs: Sulz was a municipality, in the municipality of Laufenburg and district of Laufenburg in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.


title: Spreitenbach

paragraphs: Spreitenbach is a municipality in Baden in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.


title: Canton of Zug

paragraphs: The Canton of Zug is one of the 26 cantons of Switzerland. It is in central Switzerland and its capital is Zug. With 239 km² in area, the canton is one of the smallest of the cantons. It does not contain any districts as there are not enough municipalities to warrant any districts.

paragraphs: The canton of Zug is in central Switzerland. The canton of Lucerne and Canton of Aargau lie to its west. To the north is the Canton of Zürich; to the west and south is the Canton of Schwyz. The canton has two lakes inside of it, both of which make up a large part of the canton's area. They are the lakes of Zug and Ägeri.

paragraphs: The eleven municipalities of the canton are:


title: Lake Zug

paragraphs: The Lake Zug (German: "Zugersee") is one of the lesser known Swiss lakes, on the outskirts of the Alps and north of Lake Lucerne. It is fed by the Aa, which descends from the Rigi and enters the south end of the lake. The Lorze feeds the lake at the northern shore.

paragraphs: For the most part, the lake is in the Canton of Zug, but the southern end is up to 10 km in the canton of Schwyz, while the Canton of Lucerne stretches over a 2 km area by the Immensee.

paragraphs: At its northern end the shores are nearly level, while on the west shore the wooded promontory of Buonas (with its castles, old and new) projects picturesquely into the waters. The principal place on the lake is the town of Zug. Three railways follow the shore of the lake, one from Zürich via Zug and Arth-Goldau to the St Gotthard, one from Lucerne via Arth-Goldau to the St Gotthard and one from Zürich via Zug to Lucerne.

paragraphs: Many fish (including pike and carp of considerable weights) are taken from the lake, which is especially famous for an endemic kind of trout ("Salmo salvelinus", locally called "Rolheli"). Because of farming runoff, it is not one of Switzerland's cleanest lakes.

paragraphs: In 1911, a railway was built around the lake.

paragraphs: The first steamer was placed on the lake in 1852.


title: Ardon, Switzerland

paragraphs: Ardon is a municipality of the district of Conthey in the canton of Valais in Switzerland.


title: Chamoson

paragraphs: Chamoson is a municipality of the district of Conthey in the canton of Valais in Switzerland.


title: Nendaz

paragraphs: Nendaz is a municipality of the district of Conthey in the canton of Valais in Switzerland.


title: Vétroz

paragraphs: Vétroz is a municipality of the district of Conthey in the canton of Valais in Switzerland.


title: Erlinsbach, Aargau

paragraphs: Erlinsbach is a municipality of the district Aarau of the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.


title: Etzgen

paragraphs: Etzgen is a former municipality of the district Laufenburg in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland. On 1 January 2010 the former municipalities of Etzgen, Hottwil, Mettau, Oberhofen AG and Wil AG merged into the new municipality of Mettauertal.


title: Fahrwangen

paragraphs: Fahrwangen is a municipality of the district Lenzburg in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.


title: Fischbach-Göslikon

paragraphs: Fischbach-Göslikon is a municipality of the district Bremgarten in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.


title: Fisibach

paragraphs: Fisibach is a municipality of the district Zurzach in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.


title: Fislisbach

paragraphs: Fislisbach is a municipality of the district Baden in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.


title: Freienwil

paragraphs: Freienwil is a municipality of the district Baden in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.


title: Frick, Switzerland

paragraphs: Frick is a municipality of the district Laufenburg in the canton of Aargau in the country of Switzerland.


title: Full-Reuenthal

paragraphs: Full-Reuenthal is a municipality of the district Zurzach in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.


title: Gallenkirch

paragraphs: Gallenkirch is a former municipality of the district Brugg in canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

paragraphs: It has a middle school, but the district school is in Brugg

paragraphs: On 1 January 2013 the former municipalities of Gallenkirch, Linn, Oberbözberg and Unterbözberg merged into the new municipality of Bözberg.


title: Gansingen

paragraphs: Gansingen is a municipality of the district Laufenburg in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.


title: Gebenstorf

paragraphs: Gebenstorf is a municipality of the district Baden in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.


title: Geltwil

paragraphs: Geltwil is a municipality of the district Muri in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.


title: Gipf-Oberfrick

paragraphs: Gipf-Oberfrick is a municipality of the district Laufenburg in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.


title: Gontenschwil

paragraphs: Gontenschwil is a municipality in Kulm in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.


title: Gränichen

paragraphs: Gränichen is a municipality of the district of Aarau of the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.


title: Habsburg, Switzerland

paragraphs: Habsburg is a municipality of the district of Brugg in canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

paragraphs: It is the ancestral place of the House of Habsburg.


title: Hägglingen

paragraphs: Hägglingen is a municipality in Bremgarten in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.


title: Hallwil

paragraphs: Hallwil is a municipality of the district of Lenzburg in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.


title: Hausen bei Brugg

paragraphs: Hausen bei Brugg is a municipality of the district of Brugg in canton of Aargau in Switzerland.


title: Hellikon

paragraphs: Hellikon is a municipality of the district of Rheinfelden in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.


title: Hendschiken

paragraphs: Hendschiken is a municipality of the district of Lenzburg in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.


title: Chadian orphan children scandal

paragraphs: The Chadian orphan children scandal is about six French citizens from the aid group L'Arche de Zoe. On October 26, 2007, they were about to fly 103 Sudanese children to France from Chad. Chadian authorities claimed that the children were not orphans from Darfur in Sudan, but children from Chad with parents still alive. For that reason, the six workers were arrested in an airport on October 26, 2007. On December 21, they stood trial for kidnapping of 103 children. Chad's interior minister, Ahmat Bachir, said that the French suspects could face up to 20 years of hard labour in a Chad prison if they are convicted. The six suspects started a hunger strike in protest against the Chad court and the charges brought against them. On December 26, 2007, the six French aid workers were sentenced to eight years with hard labour in prison by a court in Chad. The French prime minister promised to talk with the Chadian government to try to bring the six aid workers back to France. In that case, they would have to serve their eight-year prison sentence in France.


title: AAA: Attack All Around

paragraphs: AAA (Triple A) is a Japanese music group. The group was formed in 2005, and were awarded a new face award in the same year. They are signed to "avex trax".

paragraphs: The group members were Takahiro Nisijima, Naoya Urata, Misako Uno, Mituhiro Hidaka, Shinjiro Atae, Shuta Sueyoshi and Chiaki Ito.


title: ALI PROJECT

paragraphs: ALI PROJECT is a Japanese musical group. The members of this group are Arika Takarano and Mikiya Katakura. They play an active role in Japanese animation.


title: Benny Goodman

paragraphs: Benny Goodman, born Benjamin David Goodman, (May 30, 1909 – June 13, 1986) was an American jazz musician who played the clarinet. He was called "The King of Swing", "Patriarch of the Clarinet", "The Professor", and "Swing's Senior Statesman".

paragraphs: Goodman was the son of poor Jewish immigrants in Chicago, Illinois. They lived in Chicago's Maxwell Street neighborhood. He learned to play clarinet in a boys' band run by a charity. He became a strong clarinet player at an early age, and began playing professionally in bands while still wearing 'in short pants'.

paragraphs: His early influences were New Orleans jazz clarinet players in Chicago such as Johnny Dodds, Leon Ropollo, and Jimmy Noone.

paragraphs: Goodman joined one of Chicago's top bands, the Ben Pollack Orchestra, at the age of 16, He made his first recordings with them in 1926. He started making records under his own name two years later.

paragraphs: Goodman left for New York City. He became a good session musician during the late 1920s and early 1930s. He was known as a solid player because he was prepared and reliable. He played with the nationally known bands of Red Nichols, Isham Jones, and Ted Lewis. Then he formed his own band in 1932.

paragraphs: In 1934, he tried out for the "Let's Dance" radio program. Since he needed new charts every week for the show, his friend John Hammond suggested that he buy some jazz charts from Fletcher Henderson, who had New York's most popular African-American band in the 1920s and early 1930s. The combination of the Henderson charts, his strong clarinet playing, and his band that practiced well made him a rising star in the mid-30s.

paragraphs: He performed at the Palomar Ballroom in Los Angeles on August 21, 1935. Because of this show, he became known across the United States His radio broadcasts from New York were too late at night for many people on the East Coast to hear them, but Goodman had many fans in California, and a very excited crowd greeted Goodman. This got a lot of attention across the nation, and made the Goodman Band popular very fast. Some writers have said that this was the start of the Swing Era.

paragraphs: Goodman continued his fast rise throughout the late 1930s with his big band, his trio and quartet, and a sextet. On January 16, 1938, his band made a famous appearance at Carnegie Hall. By the mid-1940s, big bands became less popular. Some reasons for this are that talented musicians were entering the military or getting better-paying factory jobs, gasoline and rubber rationing during WWII, two long musician recording strikes, and the rise of popular singers like Frank Sinatra.

paragraphs: Goodman continued to play on records and in small groups. He would sometimes organize a new band and play in a jazz festival, or go on a tour, playing in other countries. He continued to play the clarinet until he died in 1986 in New York, New York.

paragraphs: Goodman also helped racial integration in America. In the early 1930s, black and white jazz musicians could not play together in most clubs or concerts. In the Southern states, racial segregation was enforced by law. Benny Goodman broke with tradition by hiring Teddy Wilson to play with him and drummer Gene Krupa in the Benny Goodman Trio. In 1936, he added Lionel Hampton on vibes to form the Benny Goodman Quartet. Goodman was so famous that his band could afford to not go on tour in the southern states, where the people in his band might have been arrested because of their race.


title: Masafumi Akikawa

paragraphs: Masafumi Akikawa is a Japanese tenor singer. He was born October 11, 1967, in Ehime, Japan. His representative work is "Sen no kaze ni natte", this song was sung in annual NHK sponsored year-end men versus women singing contest in 2006.


title: Artie Shaw

paragraphs: Artie Shaw (May 23, 1910 – December 30, 2004) was an American musician. He is considered to be one of the best jazz musicians of his time. He was a jazz clarinet player, composer, and bandleader. He also wrote both fiction and non-fiction writings.

paragraphs: He was born Arthur Jacob Arshawsky in New York, New York. He began learning the saxophone when he was 15. By age 16 he began to tour with a band. He returned to New York City and became a session musician. During the Swing Era, his big bands were very popular with hits like "Begin the Beguine" and "Stardust".

paragraphs: During World War II he joined the U.S. Navy. He served in the Pacific theater as the leader of a service band (similar to Glenn Miller's wartime band in Europe).

paragraphs: In 1953, Shaw was brought up before the House Un-American Activities Committee for his leftist activities. The committee was investigating a peace activist organization, the World Peace Congress, which it considered a communist front.

paragraphs: Throughout his musical career, Shaw would take time off. He would quit the music business and pursue his writing career. In 1955, Shaw stopped playing the clarinet. After that, he focused on writing, especially semi-biographical fiction.

paragraphs: In 1981, he organized a new Artie Shaw Band with clarinetist Dick Johnson as bandleader and soloist. Shaw himself would guest conduct from time to time, ending his self-imposed retirement.

paragraphs: In 1991, Artie Shaw's band library and manuscript collection was donated to the University of Arizona. In 2004, he was presented with a Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award.

paragraphs: Shaw was married eight times: Jane Cairns (1932); Margaret Allen (1934-37); Lana Turner (1940); Betty Kern (1941-43), daughter of songwriter Jerome Kern; Ava Gardner (1945-46); "Forever Amber" author Kathleen Winsor (1946-48); Doris Dowling (1952-56) and Evelyn Keyes (1957-85). He had two sons by Kern and Dowling.

paragraphs: In his later years, Shaw lived and wrote in the Newbury Park section of Thousand Oaks, California. Shaw had adult onset diabetes. In December 2004, he died due to the disease at age 94.


title: Edward R. Murrow

paragraphs: Edward R. "Ed" Murrow (April 25, 1908 – April 27, 1965) was an American journalist and television and radio figure. He first became known for a series of radio news broadcasts during World War II. These broadcasts were followed by millions of listeners in the United States and Canada. Many historians think he was one of journalism's greatest figures. Murrow hired the best war correspondents. He was known for his honesty and integrity in delivering the news. He was a pioneer of television news broadcasting.

paragraphs: Murrow produced a series of TV news reports that helped lead to the censure of Senator Joseph McCarthy. He was portrayed by David Strathairn in the 2005 movie "Good Night, and Good Luck."


title: Good Night, and Good Luck

paragraphs: Good Night, and Good Luck. is an Academy Award-nominated American 2005 movie directed by George Clooney. It was written by Clooney and Grant Heslov and is set in 1953. It portrays the conflict between veteran radio and television journalist Edward R. Murrow and U.S. Senator Joseph McCarthy of Wisconsin, especially relating to the anti-Communist Senator's actions with the Senate Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations.

paragraphs: The movie, although released in black and white, was filmed on color film stock but on a grayscale set. It was later color corrected to black and white during post-production. It is about media responsibility. It also addresses what occurs when the media offer a voice of dissent against the government. The movie takes its title from the line with which Murrow routinely closed his broadcasts.

paragraphs: Taglines: "They took on the government with nothing but the truth"; "We will not walk in fear of one another."


title: AnnaSophia Robb

paragraphs: AnnaSophia Robb (born December 8, 1993) is an American actress and model. The films in which she starred include "Because of Winn-Dixie" (2005), "Charlie and the Chocolate Factory" (2005), "Bridge to Terabithia" (2007), "Race to Witch Mountain" (2009), "Soul Surfer" (2011), and "The Way, Way Back" (2013). She also played the lead role of Carrie Bradshaw on The CW's series "The Carrie Diaries" from 2013 to 2014.

paragraphs: Robb was born in Denver, Colorado, the daughter of Janet, an interior designer, and David Robb, an architect. She was named after her maternal great-grandmother, Anna Sophie, and her paternal grandmother, Anna Marie. Robb is of Danish, English, Irish, Scottish, and Swedish descent. She grew up in a Christian home and was home-schooled. She started taking an interest in acting and began by performing in front of 500 individuals on her church stage. She competed in dance and gymnastics for four and a half years, but quit in order to focus on acting. In 2009, the "Arapahoe Herald" reported that she was attending Arapahoe High School in Centennial, Colorado. She graduated in 2012.

paragraphs: At age 9, she was scouted by an agent, and she and her mother drove down to Los Angeles. After several auditions, she was given the opportunity to appear in a commercial, advertising Bratz dolls that would be aired nationally. After appearing in a commercial for McDonald's, Robb had a small role in the episode, "Number One Fan" of the television series "Drake & Josh". Her first major role was the title character in the television special, "". She wore a long brown wig for the role.

paragraphs: Robb's two big-screen appearances in 2005 were both adaptations of popular children's books. She starred as Opal in "Because of Winn-Dixie" and as the competitive and rude Violet Beauregarde in Tim Burton's remake of "Charlie and the Chocolate Factory". The latter was a major box office success worldwide, and helped escalate Robb's popularity among pre-teen audiences.

paragraphs: In 2005, Robb was the face of Trad Clothing, helping to design and model a fashion line for girls. In 2006, she had a guest role on the cartoon show, "Danny Phantom" as the voice of Danielle "Dani" Fenton. Robb played Leslie Burke in "Bridge to Terabithia" with Josh Hutcherson, which opened in U.S. theaters on February 16, 2007. She recorded a song for the soundtrack titled, "Keep Your Mind Wide Open", and the accompanying video received rotation on the Disney Channel. The song peaked at No. 90 on the "Billboard" Hot 100 during the week of March 1, 2007, giving Robb her first charting single. Robb was a fan of the book before being cast in the role, saying that it "touched me in a way I hadn't been touched by a book before".

paragraphs: Robb went on to appear in "The Reaping", "Have Dreams, Will Travel", "Jumper", and "Spy School". Despite negative reviews of the film overall, Robb's performance in "Sleepwalking" garnered praise. "Time" film critic Richard Schickel said: "There is a wonderful range to Robb's work...this is extraordinarily mature acting from someone this young and she wins our sympathy without once begging for it." In 2008, she recorded the voice of Mary Magdalene in "The Word of Promise: Next Generation – New Testament: Dramatized Audio Bible". She also starred in "Race to Witch Mountain" (2009). In 2010, she appeared in "The Space Between". She then starred in "Soul Surfer", playing Bethany Hamilton, who continued to surf after losing her arm in a shark attack.

paragraphs: In May 2011, Robb was announced to star as Wendy in a new and dark take on the classic story about Peter Pan, tentatively titled, "Pan", but later dropped out of the project. It was reported on February 3, 2012, that Robb had landed a role in "Life at These Speeds". Later that month, Robb was cast as Carrie Bradshaw in The CW's "Sex and the City" prequel, "The Carrie Diaries", and appeared in the summer comedy, "The Way, Way Back".

paragraphs: In October 2013, Robb started filming for "Jekyll Island", starring alongside Frank Grillo, Ed Westwick, Dianna Agron, John Leguizamo, Minnie Driver, and Maggie Q. The film is directed by Aram Rappaport and produced by Hilary Shor, Atit Shah and Aaron Becker. "Jekyll Island" is set to release in 2017.

paragraphs: Robb played the role of Alice Green in the "PBS" Civil War historical drama series "Mercy Street" from 2016 to 2017.

paragraphs: In 2014, Robb was enrolled at New York University.

paragraphs: Robb was one of the demonstrators at the 2017 Women's March held on January 21, 2017 in Washington, D.C..

paragraphs: On March 30, 2008, Robb won her first career award when she was named Leading Young Actress at the Young Artist Awards for her role in "Bridge To Terabithia". The film itself won a Young Cast award. On April 24, 2009, she received the "Horizon Award" at the 14th Annual Palm Beach International Film Festival. She was awarded the Rising Star Award at the Denver Film Festival on November 12, 2009.


title: Joseph Conrad

paragraphs: Joseph Conrad (3 December 1857 – 3 August 1924) (real name: "Józef Teodor Konrad Korzeniowski") was a Polish writer, regarded as one of the greatest English-language novelists. This is very remarkable, because he did not learn to speak English well until he was in his 20s and therefore always had a Polish accent.

paragraphs: People think Conrad's prose style is one of the best of all English novelists. He also is seen as important for paving the way to modernist literature. His narrative style and anti-heroic characters have influenced many modern writers and inspired such films as "Apocalypse Now" (after Conrad's "Heart of Darkness").

paragraphs: Conrad lived in the time of the British Empire and worked in the Merchant Navy. So he had experience enough to write novels and short stories about empire and navy.


title: Modernist literature

paragraphs: Modernist literature is the literary form of modernism. It does not mean "modern" in the sense of recent in time.

paragraphs: Literary modernism has its origins in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, mainly in Europe and North America. Modernism is characterized by a break with traditional styles of poetry and verse. Modernists experimented with literary form and expression. Ezra Pound's maxim was "Make it new". The horrors of the First World War had an effect. Thinkers such as Sigmund Freud and Karl Marx were influential.

paragraphs: Modernist literature was at its height from 1900 to 1940, and featured such authors as Knut Hamsun, Vladimir Nabokov, T. S. Eliot, James Joyce, William Faulkner, Ernest Hemingway, Franz Kafka, Joseph Conrad, Virginia Woolf, Andrei Bely, W.B. Yeats, F. Scott Fitzgerald, Ezra Pound, D.H. Lawrence, Katherine Mansfield, Gertrude Stein, Samuel Beckett, Menno ter Braak, Marcel Proust, Thomas Mann, Mikhail Bulgakov, Robert Frost and Boris Pasternak.


title: V. S. Naipaul

paragraphs: Sir Vidiadhar Surajprasad Naipaul, TC (17 August 1932 in Chaguanas, Trinidad and Tobago – 11 August 2018 in London) was a British writer. He was born in Trinidad and Tobago. He lived in Wiltshire. He was better known as V. S. Naipaul. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature. He was the first person of Indian origin to win a Booker Prize (1971).

paragraphs: Naipaul died on 11 August 2018 in London at the age of 85. That was less than a week before his 86th birthday.


title: Booker Prize

paragraphs: The Man Booker Prize for Fiction, also known in short as the Booker Prize, is a literary prize awarded each year for the best original full-length novel, written in the English language, by a citizen of either the Commonwealth of Nations or the Republic of Ireland.

paragraphs: To win the Booker Prize generally means to gain international success.


title: Dubliners

paragraphs: Dubliners is a collection of 15 short stories by James Joyce, an Irish writer. It was his first book and was first published in 1914.

paragraphs: The fifteen stories were supposed to describe very well the life of Irish people living in and around Dublin in the early years of the 20th century.

paragraphs: The stories in the collection are first told by children, and as the stories continue they deal with the lives of older people. The last story, "The Dead", is the longest and the most famous.


title: Ministry of the Interior of Germany

paragraphs: The Ministry of the Interior of Germany is a ministry of the federal government.It is based in a brand new building in the Moabit area of Berlin-Mitte. The BMI has a second office in Bonn. It is not the same as the United States Department of the Interior.

paragraphs: The ministry handles affairs about security and police, so it is more like the British Home Office.

paragraphs: Each state also has a ministry of the interior.

paragraphs: The Federal Ministry of the Interior is responsible for the security inside Germany, the protection of the constitution, the public service, the organisation of the public administration, the civil defence, information technology and sports. The BMI also buys motor vehicles for the federal government, and has its own motor vehicle registration office.

paragraphs: The various State laws about health and safety do not apply to the Federal Government. Instead the BMI is the with health and safe authoirty for all federal bodies. It keeps the federal accident reigster.

paragraphs: The European Union sometimes complains that this is wrong. It says that the Federal health and safety authority should be independent.

paragraphs: Bundesausgleichsamt (BAA) Federal Equalization of Burdens Office (helping small states which need to spend a lot of money for some jobs)

paragraphs: Bundesamt für Migration und Flüchtlinge Federal Office of Migration and Refugees (BAMF)

paragraphs: Bundesakademie für öffentliche Verwaltung Federal Academy for Public Administration (BAköV)

paragraphs: Beschaffungsamt Procurement (buying)office (BeschA)

paragraphs: Bundesbeauftragter für den Datenschutz und die Informationsfreiheit Federal Commissioner for Data Protection and Freedom of Information (BfD)

paragraphs: Bundesamt für Verfassungsschutz Federal Office for the Protection of the Constitution (BfV)

paragraphs: Bundespolizei Federal Police (BPol) (formerly: "Bundesgrenzschutz Federal Border Guard" (BGS))

paragraphs: Bundesinstitut für Bevölkerungsforschung Federal Institute for Population Research (BIB)

paragraphs: Bundesinstitut für Sportwissenschaft Federal Institute for Sports Science BISp)

paragraphs: Bundeskriminalamt Federal Criminal Police Office (BKA)

paragraphs: Bundesamt für Kartographie und Geodäsie Federal Office of Cartography and Geodesy (BKG)

paragraphs: Bundeszentrale für politische Bildung Federal Office for Civic Education (bpb)

paragraphs: Bundesamt für Sicherheit in der Informationstechnik Federal Office of Information Technology Security (BSI)

paragraphs: Bundesverwaltungsamt Federal Administration Office (BVA)

paragraphs: Bundesamt für Bevölkerungsschutz und Katastrophenhilfe Federal Office of Civil Protection and Disaster Assistance (BBK)

paragraphs: Schutzkommission beim Bundesminister des Innern Security Commission of the Federal Minister of the Interior

paragraphs: Fachhochschule des Bundes für öffentliche Verwaltung Federal College for Public Administration (FH bund)

paragraphs: Koordinierungs- und Beratungsstelle der Bundesregierung für Informationstechnik in der Bundesverwaltung Coordination and Advice Centre for Information Technology in the Federal Government (KBSt)

paragraphs: Statistisches Bundesamt Federal Statistical Office (destatis)

paragraphs: Technisches Hilfswerk Emergency relief organisation (THW)

paragraphs: Unabhängige Kommission zur Überprüfung des Vermögens der Parteien und Massenorganisationen der DDR Independent Commission for Checking the Property of the Parties and Mass Organisations of the DDR (UKPV)|

paragraphs: Vertreter des Bundesinteresses beim Bundesverwaltungsgericht Federal Interests Representative at the Federal Administrative Court (VBI)

paragraphs: Beauftragter der Bundesregierung für Aussiedlerfragen und nationale Minderheiten Federal Ombudsman for Resettled Persons and National Minorities

paragraphs: Bundesanstalt für den Digitalfunk der Behörden und Organisationen mit Sicherheitsaufgaben Federal Agency for Digital Radio of Security Authorities and Organizations(BDBOS.)


title: Hurricane Helene (2006)

paragraphs: Hurricane Helene was one of the strongest hurricanes of the 2006 Atlantic hurricane season. It is tied with Hurricane Gordon, which was also very strong. It was the ninth tropical storm, fourth hurricane and second strong hurricane of the 2006 Atlantic hurricane season.

paragraphs: Helene was a long Cape Verde-type hurricane that formed in the extreme southeastern part of the North Atlantic Ocean. When it was at its strongest, it was a Category 3 hurricane on the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale. It reached this level as it travelled across the central Atlantic. It never hit land until the very end of its life as a weak extratropical cyclone. It only had a small effect in the northern British Isles.

paragraphs: In the second week of September, a strong tropical wave started moving off the coast of Africa. It was well-organized from the start, and on September 11, even before it entered the Atlantic, the National Hurricane Center believed that it could quickly turn into a tropical depression. That is what happened, and it became Tropical Depression Eight on the morning of September 12.

paragraphs: Because the depression was so big, it was quite slow to develop, combined with some easterly wind shear in the eastern Atlantic and because of the Saharan Air Layer to the north as it moved south of the Cape Verde islands. The actuual strengthening was slowed down because convection was very slow. However, on September 13, the depression strengthened into Tropical Storm Helene. The storm slowly strengthened over the warm waters of the eastern Atlantic thereafter as it tracked west-northwest.

paragraphs: Some dry air from the Saharan Air Layer kept slowing Helene's strengthening on September 14 as Helene was still a weak tropical storm. However, an sudden strengthening happened on September 15 as shear got lower.

paragraphs: On the morning of September 16, the storm began to make a ragged eye and strengthened to Hurricane Helene. The intensity stayed the same for a while as a weak Category 1 hurricane, as the strengthening was slowed down by medium wind shear even though there was not a lot of dry air. Late that evening, the storm began to slowly get stronger once again.

paragraphs: On September 17, the strengthening became faster and Helene quickly became a Category 2 hurricane that morning as the eye became clearer and surrounded by deeper convection. Helene also turned more northward and slowed down in the central Atlantic, which was because of a weakness in the subtropical ridge farther north created by Gordon. Because Helene turned north, the hurricane was moved away from any land areas. The strengthening kept going through the afternoon, and that evening, Helene strengthened into a large hurricane with 115 mph (185 km/h) and a minimum central pressure of 962 mbar. As shear stayed low and the oceans stayed warm, Helene got a little bit stronger. At the most, it was a strong Category 3 hurricane with 120 mph (195 km/h) winds early on September 18. At that time, Helene and Gordon were at roughly the same longitude in the open ocean.

paragraphs: As Gordon moved eastward on the afternoon of 18th, a narrow ridge built in, forcing Helene westward. The eyewall collapsed quite a lot, and Helene weakened into a Category 2 hurricane, where it stayed for about 48 hours until September 20 because of a long eyewall replacement cycle and a stretched out cloud pattern. On the 20th, Helene turned back to the northwest and weakened a bit because wind shear got a bit bigger. That afternoon, the hurricane was downgraded to a Category 1 hurricane, which Helene stayed as until becoming extratropical.

paragraphs: Early on September 21, the motion moved to the north as it moved along the northwest edge of the subtropical ridge. That movement kept going throughout the day, however, Helene began to turn more to the north-east that evening along the edge of the subtropical ridge, east of Bermuda. Because wind shear got lower and the water was quite warm at around 81°F (27°C), Helene stayed as a Category 1 hurricane without any big changes to its strength. The strength stayed at around 80 mph (130 km/h) before strengthening a bit late on September 22, even though it lost some tropical features (it was put back down to a tropical storm for a short amount of time) as it sped up northeast in the north Atlantic. When QuikSCAT analysed it early on September 23, they said that it was definitely a high-end Category 1 hurricane with 90 mph (145 km/h) winds.

paragraphs: Helene turned into a "hybrid" storm with both tropical and extratropical features that afternoon, with a deep, warm core. After that, bigger shear weakened Helene once again, although it stayed as a hurricane-strength storm until it was fully extratropical on the morning of September 24. After becoming fully extratropical, the storm weakened as it moved eastward, becoming a gale center west of Ireland early on September 27. It eventually merged with a larger extratropical low near the northern end of the British Isles late on the 27th.

paragraphs: While Helene was a tropical cyclone, the storm never came close to land. Three ships were caught in the outer part of Helene. The strongest of these reported 56 mph (91 km/h) winds early on September 23 in the north Atlantic. Though it stayed far away from the island, the hurricane made rough waves in Bermuda. As a weakened extratropical system, strong wind gusts were reported in Ireland and northern Scotland. The strongest wind gust in Ireland was at the Valentia Observatory, where 56 mph (91 km/h) gusts were reported. In Scotland, the strongest gust was on South Uist Island in the Outer Hebrides, where 74 mph (118 km/h) gusts were reported. No damage or deaths were reported because of Helene.


title: Alle, Switzerland

paragraphs: Alle is a municipality of the district Porrentruy of the canton of Jura in Switzerland.


title: Electronic component

paragraphs: An electronic component is a basic electronic element. These components can be connected together to make circuits. Components can be single items (resistor, transistor) or in more or less complex groups as integrated circuits (logic gate, resistor array).

paragraphs: A flexible conducting electrical or optical link.

paragraphs: A physical device with a number of metal contacts that allow devices to be easily linked together.

paragraphs: A mechanical or hard state device that can electrically connect or isolate two or more lines.


title: Asuel

paragraphs: Asuel is a municipality, in the new municipality of La Baroche and district Porrentruy in the canton of Jura in Switzerland.


title: Beurnevésin

paragraphs: Beurnevésin is a municipality of the district of Porrentruy in the canton of Jura in Switzerland.


title: Boncourt, Switzerland

paragraphs: Boncourt is a municipality of the district of Porrentruy in the canton of Jura in Switzerland.


title: Bonfol

paragraphs: Bonfol is a municipality of the district of Porrentruy in the canton of Jura in Switzerland.


title: Bressaucourt

paragraphs: Bressaucourt is a municipality of the district of Porrentruy in the canton of Jura in Switzerland. On 1 January 2013 the former municipality of Bressaucourt merged into the municipality of Fontenais.


title: South Uist

paragraphs: South Uist (Scottish Gaelic: "Uibhist-a-Deas") is an island of the Outer Hebrides in Scotland. In the 2001 census it had a usually resident population of 1,818. There is a nature reserve and a number of sites of archaeological interest, including the only location in Great Britain where prehistoric mummies have been found. The population is about 90% Roman Catholic. The island, in common with the rest of the Hebrides, is one of the last remaining strongholds of the Gaelic language in Scotland. In 2006 South Uist, and neighbouring Benbecula and Eriskay were involved in Scotland's biggest community land buyout to date. In the north west there is a missile testing range.


title: Outer Hebrides

paragraphs: The Outer Hebrides, often called the Western Isles, make up an island chain off the west coast of Scotland. It is also a parliamentary constituency. The northern island is Lewis and Harris. South of Lewis and Harris is a series of islands, such as South Uist, Benbecula and North Uist. The Outer Herides includes a number of even smaller islands.

paragraphs: The isles form part of the Hebrides, and are separated from the Scottish mainland and from the Inner Hebrides by the stormy waters of the Minch, the Little Minch and the Sea of the Hebrides.

paragraphs: Formerly the dominant language of the Islands, Scottish Gaelic remains spoken even though it has now been largely supplanted by English in some parts.

paragraphs: Sea transport is crucial and a variety of ferry services operate between the islands and to mainland Britain.

paragraphs: The Western Isles became part of the "Suðreyjar" kingdom of the Norse, who ruled for over 400 years until sovereignty was transferred to Scotland by the Treaty of Perth in 1266. Control of the islands was then held by clan chiefs.

paragraphs: Most of the islands have a bedrock formed from ancient metamorphic rocks and the climate is mild and oceanic. The Gulf Stream runs nearby. The 15 inhabited islands have a total population of about 26,500 and there are more than 50 substantial uninhabited islands.

paragraphs: Much of the archipelago is a protected habitat including both the islands and the surrounding waters. There are 53 Sites of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) of which the largest are Loch an Duin, North Uist at and North Harris, which is in extent.

paragraphs: Loch Druidibeg on South Uist is a National Nature Reserve owned and managed by Scottish Natural Heritage. The reserve covers 1,677 hectares across the whole range of local habitats.

paragraphs: Historical footnote: Many websites of the Outer Hebrides derive content from the Eolas Virtual Hebrides, website. This was once the largest rural website in the world. Eolas went bankrupt in 2000 and the Eolas TV company became MacTV. The web design team became Reefnet and the content has largely found a home on GlobalGuide.Org.

paragraphs: Sites deriving partly from the original Virtual Hebrides


title: Space Shuttle Atlantis

paragraphs: Space Shuttle Atlantis (OV-104) is the fourth space shuttle run by NASA. It was named after a sailing boat used for ocean research by the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute.


title: Hurricane Gordon (2006)

paragraphs: Hurricane Gordon was a strong Category 3 hurricane that crossed the Azores as a Category 1 hurricane, making it the first hurricane to directly impact the Azores since 1991. Gordon's remnants also affected Western Europe. It was the eighth tropical storm, third hurricane and first major hurricane of the 2006 Atlantic hurricane season.

paragraphs: The original development of this system can be linked to Hurricane Florence. It began as a tropical wave just right behind Florence in the first week of September, which at first was absorbed into the large circulation of then-Tropical Storm Florence. As Florence began to organize and move northwest, the wave managed to break from the circulation again and slowly organize in spite of hostile conditions at first. On September 10, it had organized enough to be declared Tropical Depression Seven northeast of the Lesser Antilles. With Florence far away from the system, conditions became more favorable for development, and it was upgraded to Tropical Storm Gordon on September 11 while moving slowly westward.

paragraphs: The conditions remained favorable as Gordon steered through a hole in the ridge near the Azores, allowing it to avoid land. It continued to strengthen, becoming a hurricane on September 12 and rapidly organizing into a strong Category 2 hurricane less than 24 hours later. The quick development continued on September 13, and by that evening, it had strengthened into a major hurricane - the first of 2006 - while maintaining a very small size. Gordon would remain a major hurricane for over 24 hours before cooler water began to set in and Gordon gradually weakened, beginning early on September 15.

paragraphs: The steering currents would also weaken greatly and Gordon became nearly stationary for about 24 hours as well before a trough would come in and push Gordon northeastward. By the morning of September 16, Gordon was barely a hurricane and was forecast to weaken over cooler waters. However, that did not happen, and Gordon actually strengthened a little bit while moving northeastward and became better organized. That trend continued for over 48 hours, and Gordon increased in strength slowly, becoming a Category 2 hurricane. While the forecast constantly showed a weakening trend, the resiliency suddenly meant that the Azores were threatened by Gordon. Gordon reached its secondary peak of 105 mph (165 km/h) on the morning of September 19, before weakening again.

paragraphs: Nonetheless, it remained a hurricane as it crossed the Azores. Shortly after that it weakened and became extratropical. The remnants of Gordon then began to interact with a large Atlantic low pressure area to the west of Ireland and an associated weather front extending south. It tracked towards the north-west of the Iberian Peninsula and then on September 21 turned northwards towards south-west Britain and Ireland. By the morning of September 22 it had become completely absorbed into the Atlantic low.

paragraphs: With the onset of Gordon expected, all nine Azores Islands were placed on red alert by the Portuguese government, and residents were asked to take emergency precautions. The Meteorological Service of the Azores gave out hurricane warnings for all of the islands. The civil protection agency head Antonio Cunha closed all schools as a precautionary measure. Fishermen were also ordered to stay on land. Residents were warned to stay indoors, close doors and windows, clear storm sewers and move livestock to safe areas. Forecasters warned of winds as high as 105 mph (170 km/h), along with heavy rain and waves of up to 12 metres (40 ft) high lashing coastal areas.

paragraphs: In Spain, the region of Galicia was placed on red alert - the highest level - by authorities who were expecting the extratropical remnants of Gordon. Classes on September 21 were also stopped by the regional education ministry. 11 other regions of Spain, including as far east as Madrid and as far south as Andalusia, received lower levels of warning.

paragraphs: Stormy conditions caused by the remnants of Gordon were expected to affect the 2006 Ryder Cup in Straffan, County Kildare, Ireland, starting fears that the event may be greatly interrupted and delayed. Strong gusts and heavy rain associated with another system had already caused some damages, resulting both teams to delay their second practice rounds. This led to concerns about the possible state of the course by the time the tournament proper was expected to start on September 22, leading to the possibility of further interruptions and possible changing of the normal rules. As a result, September 25 was set aside as an additional "reserve day" by organizers at the K Club.

paragraphs: On September 19 it was reported that the remnants of Gordon would cause high winds and rainfall in parts of the United Kingdom. The UK Met Office stated that a "period of very windy weather" with "exceptionally severe gales" was expected for much of Northern Ireland and Scotland. Northern Ireland was expected to receive the worst of the storm, with severe gales as high as 80 mph expected. There were also warnings of localised flooding, with up to two inches (50 mm) of rain expected to fall. In addition, Wales and western England were warned of gusts of up to 50 mph.

paragraphs: The Azores escaped a lot of severe damage. There were only reports of toppled trees and power lines, knocking out power to some communities, particularly on Santa Maria Island.

paragraphs: Gordon hit the northwestern province of Galicia while as a strengthening extratropical storm early on September 21. Gusts as strong as 101 mph (165 km/h) were seen at Fisterra. Even near Madrid, reported winds of 65 mph (107 km/h) raked Punto Navacerrada. Heavy rainfall, up to 2.58" (65.5 mm) at Canfranc, fell across Spain. The pressure plummeted to 989.7 hPa at A Coruña. Waves as high as 7 metres were also reported. Trees, traffic lights, containers and placards were all blown over by the strong winds. One man was injured from a tree falling on his car. Overall damage was light, but some roads were blocked.

paragraphs: On September 20, practice rounds for the Ryder Cup were temporarily delayed due to high winds, but Meteorological Office charts showed these to be associated with a different Atlantic low pressure area rather than effects of Gordon itself.

paragraphs: The remnants of Gordon caused stormy conditions late on September 21, with 1,500 homes losing power. The worst affected areas were on the east coast between Drogheda and Wexford and in the south around Cork and Limerick.

paragraphs: Earlier on the 21st, a woman attending the Ryder Cup in County Kildare was injured after a tree branch fell near a golf buggy in which she was travelling. Additionally, the event's media centre was evacuated because of high winds. However, the gates opened at 06:00 on September 22 as originally planned and the tournament's first day went ahead without major disruption.

paragraphs: The remnants of Gordon hit south-west Britain late on September 21. A gust of 81 mph (130 km/h) was recorded and power lines were hit, leaving more than 1,000 homes without power in Truro, Cornwall. In Devon, the rail line between Exeter and Plymouth was damaged by high surf at Dawlish, causing disruption to services. A section of seawall 10 m (33 ft) long was also eroded near the track. A tree fell onto a campervan in Yeoford, but no injuries were reported.

paragraphs: Gusts of up to 75 mph affected Northern Ireland during the night of the 21st & 22nd. Up to 100,000 houses lost power as tree branches fell on power lines. Fallen trees caused widespread disruption: in County Down, several people had to be rescued from their vehicles after trees had fallen on them; flooding was also reported at Rostrevor. Several roads across the province were blocked by fallen trees, including the M1 motorway and the main roads from Derry to Belfast and Coleraine. The Foyle Bridge in Derry was also closed for two hours early on the 22nd due to high winds.

paragraphs: In Scotland, high winds led to the cancelling of ferry services from Stranraer and Cairnryan. Lorries on the A715 road were forced to park on the roadside overnight due to dangerous driving conditions.

paragraphs: One positive effect from the extratropical remnants of Gordon was observed in Newquay, Cornwall, where large waves and swells up to 2.5 m (8 ft) high made for excellent surf conditions.


title: Tropical Storm Debby (2006)

paragraphs: Tropical Storm Debby was the fifth tropical storm of the 2006 Atlantic hurricane season. Debby formed just off the coast of Africa on August 21 from a tropical wave. After passing near the Cape Verde islands, Debby moved generally northwestward for much of its life, reaching a peak intensity of 50 mph (85 km/h). Strong wind shear weakened the storm, and Debby dissipated on August 27 over the northern Atlantic Ocean.

paragraphs: Early in its life, Debby was forecasted to pass through the southern Cape Verde islands as a tropical storm, possibly causing life-threatening flooding. Most computer models consistently predicted Debby to move to the northwest throughout its lifetime, though intensity was more of a problem for forecasters. The National Hurricane Center continually predicted Debby to strengthen into hurricane status, though strong vertical shear eventually prevented the storm from becoming a hurricane.

paragraphs: A strong tropical wave moved off the coast of Africa late on August 20, and almost convective banding and a broad circulation. A large area of low pressure formed within the wave the next day while located 260 miles southeast of the Cape Verde islands. Though convection decreased early on August 21, the area of low pressure stayed well-organized and the system developed into Tropical Depression Four late on August 21. Water temperatures remained warm enough for development, while upper level shear was minimal as the depression moved west-northwestward because of a ridge of high pressure to its north. Original predictions by the National Hurricane Center also forecasted a turn to the northwest based computer model predictions, as quoted by forecaster James Franklin, "The models have also been excellently wrong thus far".

paragraphs: In spite of a decrease in convection shortly after forming, the large depression remained well organized, with a 575 mile wide wind field. On August 22, as it passed 140 miles (225 km) miles to south of the Cape Verde islands, deep convection developed over the center of circulation, and early on August 23 the depression strengthened into Tropical Storm Debby about 300 miles southwest of Cape Verde. Banding features continued to organize as the system slowly strengthened, and on August 23 Debby reached its peak intensity of 50 mph over the open waters of the Atlantic Ocean. Forecasters predicted Debby to continue to strengthen to reach hurricane status, while its projected path placed the storm in an area of warm water temperatures and moderate upper level shear.

paragraphs: Shortly after reaching its peak intensity, Debby encountered an area of dry air, and as a result weakened. The low level circulation detached itself from the dying convection while the system as a whole continued west-northwestward. Convection redeveloped over a portion of the center, while banding features redeveloped as well. Organization continued, and Debby again reached its peak intensity of 50 mph on August 24. Southerly wind shear displaced the convection to the north of the center, and Debby weakened to a weak tropical storm on August 25. The center of the storm became asymmetric and elongated, and on August 26 Debby weakened to a tropical depression. Convection remained minimal and it quickly degenerated into a remnant area of low pressure. The low turned to the north and north-northeast ahead of an approaching trough, and on August 28 the low dissipated.

paragraphs: The government of the Cape Verde islands gave out tropical storm warnings at the same time with the issuance of the first advisory on Tropical Depression Four, meaning tropical storm conditions were expected in the area within 24 hours. The National Hurricane Center stated that heavy rainfall, possibly as high as 10 inches in mountainous areas, would be possible in the territory, possibly causing life-threatening flash floods and mudslides.

paragraphs: However, because of a reformation further to the south, tropical storm warnings were discontinued as the depression passed away from the area. While passing around 115 miles to the southwest of the southwestern most islands, the depression produced a 35 mph wind gust at Fogo and some rainfall, though no damage was reported.

paragraphs: Long range forecasts brought the storm near Bermuda. However Debby remained over 900 miles from the island at its closest approach.

paragraphs: Though the storm was forecasted to remain far away from the Gulf of Mexico, investors tracking the storm caused the price of crude oil to rise 60 cents a barrel due to the possible impact to oil installations.


title: Fogo, Cape Verde

paragraphs: Fogo (Portuguese for "fire") is a volcanic island in the Sotavento group of Cape Verde. It is the most prominent of the group, rising to nearly 3,000 m (10,000 ft) above sea level at Pico do Fogo.


title: Hurricane Isaac (2006)

paragraphs: Hurricane Isaac was the final tropical cyclone of the 2006 Atlantic hurricane season. It reached peak strength of Category 1 just before striking Newfoundland, where it produced tropical storm-force winds. Isaac followed the path of the three previous storms in the Atlantic basin, Florence, Gordon, and Helene. Isaac formed in the central North Atlantic Ocean and moved eastward toward Europe.

paragraphs: Hurricane Isaac formed off the coast of Africa on September 18. Intensification was partly suppressed by high wind shear and by cool sea surface temperatures in the wake of Hurricanes Gordon and Helene. Isaac reached tropical storm strength on September 28 and entered an area of low wind shear, allowing it to strengthen into an 85 mph (137 km/h) hurricane. Its intensity nearly matched forecasts made with the Statistical Hurricane Intensity Prediction Scheme (SHIPS).

paragraphs: On October 1, Isaac turned northeast and struck Newfoundland as a tropical storm. Two days later, it merged with a newly formed baroclinic low off the east coast of the United States. The merged system was forecast to move toward the area between Greenland and Great Britain. Isaac produced rainfall over Newfoundland of up to 25 mm (1 in). No deaths or damage were reported. Isaac was the second storm to affect Newfoundland during the season, the other being Hurricane Florence.

paragraphs: Isaac started as a tropical wave that moved away from Africa on September 18. An area of disturbed weather began interacting with the tropical wave as deep convection increased on September 23. The convection began to organize, and weather agencies to release the first Dvorak numbers on the system.

paragraphs: The SHIPS models predicted that the system would become a hurricane with maximum sustained winds of 88 knots (150 km/h) after 120 hours. However, the system was slow to organize and a Tropical Cyclone Formation Advisory was not issued by the National Hurricane Center (NHC) until four days later. The NHC, however, decided the convection was too ephemeral to justify classification as a tropical depression and the TCFA was discontinued. Three days later, on September 27 another TCFA was issued, announcing the formation of the ninth tropical depression of the Atlantic season.

paragraphs: The depression strengthened into Tropical Storm Isaac on September 28, just twelve hours after the cyclone's formation. Deep convection was slow to form that day since the system remained over cold waters that had upwelled in the wake of Hurricanes Gordon and Helene. The next day, the cyclone moved west-northwestward and started gaining subtropical characteristics while its convection deepened. Vertical shear weakened as the system moved away from the cold, upwelling waters and the core of Isaac started re-developing. Atmospheric conditions remained favorable and Isaac reached hurricane status on September 30. Isaac continued strengthening a little bit during the next day near Bermuda, reaching its peak intensity with sustained winds of 85 mph (135 km/h) and minimum central pressure of 985 mbar. Isaac's winds quickly weakened to 80 mph (130 km/h), but its central pressure did not change.

paragraphs: Isaac encountered cooler waters as it approached Newfoundland on October 1, and weakened into a tropical storm on October 2. Isaac made landfall on the Avalon Peninsula as a weak tropical storm on October 2 and maintained tropical cyclonic structure and deep convection. Soon after, Isaac turned into an extratropical storm and merged with a larger extratropical system on October 3 off the Avalon Peninsula.

paragraphs: A tropical storm "watch" was sent up on October 1 for the Avalon Peninsula. The watch was upgraded to a tropical storm "warning" the next day. Another watch was issued for the Burin and Bonavista peninsulas, although it was quickly removed. On October 2, all tropical cyclone watches and warnings were taken away. Heavy rain and gusty winds were expected. Because of this, rainfall warnings were declared for parts of southern Newfoundland. Wind and gale advisories were also given out over the Atlantic Ocean.

paragraphs: On October 2, a ship called the "Elektra" (call sign SIWB) reported winds of while it was located about to the east of the center of the storm. Two other ships, many buoys, and a few oil platforms also recorded strong winds. Waves off the coast reached about heigh.

paragraphs: Isaac did not have much impact on land. No people were killed, and there was no bad damage. However, some parts of the Avalon Peninsula had tropical storm conditions. At Cape Race, constant winds were as high as , with wind gusts of up to . The strongest winds remained offshore. Since the storm was moving so quickly, it did not drop much rainfall; precipitation usually amounted to below .


title: Baroclinic

paragraphs: In fluid dynamics, baroclinicity is a measure of the stratification in a fluid. A baroclinic atmosphere is one for which the density depends on both the temperature and the pressure; contrast this with barotropic atmosphere, for which the density depends only on the pressure. In atmospheric terms, the barotropic zones of the Earth are generally found in the central latitudes, or tropics, whereas the baroclinic areas are generally found in the mid-latitude/polar regions.


title: Foreign Office of Germany

paragraphs: The traditional name of the ministry handling Germany's foreign affairs is the Foreign Office or AA (). It is responsible for the foreign policy as well as the German EU politics. It is led by the federal Minister for Foreign Affairs ()

paragraphs: The Foreign Office is part of the foreign service of Germany. The other part is the parts of the other agencies of the federal government based abroad.

paragraphs: The Foreign Office handles contact between Germany and other countries or international organisations such as the United Nations. This included trying to get a permanent seat in the Security Council of the United Nations as part of the proposed 2005 UN reforms.

paragraphs: The Foreign Office is near the old DDR Foreign Ministry in Berlin. The big old building in the Werderschen Markt became the Reichbanks headquarters in 1940 and from 1959 the central committee headquarters of the SED. The Foreign Office has a "second headquarters" on Adenauerallee in Bonn.

paragraphs: Sigmar Gabriel (SPD) has been Foreign Minister since January 2017.

paragraphs: There are German embassies and consulates or consulates-general in most capitals of the world as well as in larger towns of the countries.

paragraphs: The Berlin headquarters job is to coordinate German diplomacy, and study the information passed on from the embassies, permanent representations and consulates. These are the "eyes, ears and voice" of the Federal Government abroad.

paragraphs: The Foreign Office has 145 embassies, 59 consulates general, twelve permanent representations (at international organisations) and ten offices abroad.

paragraphs: There are also three "German Information Centres (GIC)" with the job of giving information about Germany and the German language.

paragraphs: The biggest GIC is in Washington, DC, after it moved from New York in 2003. A GIC in Cairo is for the Arabic speaking world. The other GIC is in Paris, for French speaking areas

paragraphs: There are also 356 honorary consuls. These are often German businessmen who do some work for the Foreign Office.

paragraphs: The Bonn office handles information technology particularly. Every German agency abroad is connected to Bonn, which can send the information to Berlin. The Bonn office also arranges communications for the Foreign Minister and the Chancellorwhen they are abroad.

paragraphs: Some people say that there is corruption in the way senir jobs are filled.

paragraphs: This is because the Foreign Office does not publish the qualifications of its top diplomats anymore. They stopped after terrorists used the information to attack the German embassy in Stockholm in 1975 and the RAF murdered diplomat Gerold von Braunmühl in 1986.

paragraphs: The Foreign Office started in 1870 as a part of the North German Confederation. It was headed by a permanent secretary, just like the Foreign Office of the German empire. There were ministers only since 1919. This was why it was called an Office not a ministry .

paragraphs: The Foreign Office of the German Empire was based in Berlin Wilhelmstraße 76.

paragraphs: The empire tookover the Foreign Office of the North German alliance unchanged. However the German federal states kept a considerable degree of independence in their own foreign policy.

paragraphs: Higher politics, personnel, ceremonies, budgets, registeration of the schools and churches. The head of this department was a permanent secretary who was also the permanent representative of the German Chancellor in the Foreign Office at the same time. The German Chancellor had the topmost responsibility in foreign policy.

paragraphs: The second department was responsible for trade, traffic, consulates, national law, civil law, the art and science, the private matters of Germans abroad, also, justice, police and Post Office, emigration, ship matters. This department was headed by the director of the Foreign Office.

paragraphs: Legal matters were transferred to the new Department III in 1885. A colonial department was formed in 1890, it became the Imperial Colonial Office in 1907. Department IV was formed in 1915 to handle intelligence.

paragraphs: The Foreign Office became a ministry in the Weimar Republic, headed by a Reich Minister. The permanent secretary no longerThe minister had the sole responsibility for the foreign policy now. The name "Foreign Office" was kept, out of tradition. Gustav Stresemann was the most famous foreign minister of this time, and moulded German foreign policy just like Bismarck had done during the empire.

paragraphs: When the Nazis seized power the Foreign Office started following Nazi Party ideas. However, there was some resistance, especially from people like Adam von Trott zu Solz and Ulrich von Hassell.

paragraphs: The Foreign Office wrote a formal letter about the Jews and foreign policy in 1939: It said that giving the Jews a homeland in Palestine was dangerous to world peace. This note is a big reason why the second set of Nuremberg Trials included officials from the Foreign Office.

paragraphs: Also see: Fritz Kolbe, "Kurt Georg Kiessinger"

paragraphs: After the Second World War Germany stayed under allied control, at least in part, until 1955. This meant that there was no need for a Foreign Office until 1951, when the new Germany got more control overs its own affairs.

paragraphs: The new Foreign Office was set up on March 15th, 1951 in Bonn and kept the name of "Office".

paragraphs: Many of the senior officials of the AA were ex nazis. in fact More ex party members were in charge parts of the Foreign Office than there were party members doing the same type of job during the Third Reich.

paragraphs: Since 1966 the Foreign Minister has often been the leader of the smaller coalition partner in coalition governments. The exceptions were the vice-chancellorships of Jürgen Möllemann and Franz Müntefering.

paragraphs: The Ministry for Foreign Affairs handled the foreign policy of the government of the DDR.

paragraphs: Two Chancellors also Foreign Minister. Konrad Adenauer as the first Foreign Secretary of the Federal Republic of Germany and Helmut Schmidt, after FDP had left coalition and cabinet. Hans-Dietrich Genscher was Foreign Minister under both an SPD and a CDU chancellor.


title: Burin Peninsula

paragraphs: The Burin Peninsula is a Canadian peninsula found on the south coast of the island of Newfoundland in the province of Newfoundland and Labrador.


title: Bonavista Peninsula

paragraphs: The Bonavista Peninsula is a large peninsula on the east coast of the island of Newfoundland in the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador.


title: Districts of Switzerland

paragraphs: In Switzerland each Canton is free to decide its own internal organisation. Because of this there many types and names for smaller administrative divisions in each canton. The term District is used for these smaller divisions.

paragraphs: Most Cantons are divided into "Bezirke" (German for districts). Some are called "Ämter" (Lucerne), "Amtsbezirke" (Bern), "district" (in French) or "distretto" (Tessin and part of Graubünden).

paragraphs: The Bezirke generally only deals with administration and court organization. The cantons Graubünden and Schwyz are their own legal entities. They have the power to control taxes as well.

paragraphs: Ten of the 26 Cantons do not have a district level of government:

paragraphs: Uri, Obwalden, Nidwalden, Appenzell Ausserrhoden, Glarus, Zug, Basel-City and Geneva. Schaffhausen stopped using Bezirke in the middle of 1999. Since the start of 2003 Canton of St. Gallen does not use the Bezirk level any more.

paragraphs: The Canton of Zürich is divided into 12 districts (German: "Bezirke"). The city of Zürich is its own district.

paragraphs: There are 26 administrative districts in Berne

paragraphs: The Canton of Lucerne is divided into 5 districts termed "Ämter":

paragraphs: Canton of Uri is not divided into districts: the municipality is the next lowest unit of government.

paragraphs: The Canton of Schwyz is divided into six districts and 30 municipalities, although the districts Einsiedeln, Küssnacht and Gersau simply comprise the municipality of the same name.

paragraphs: Obwalden is not divided into districts: the municipality is the next lowest unit of government. See: Obwalden.

paragraphs: Nidwalden is not divided into districts.

paragraphs: Canton of Glarus is not divided into districts: the municipality is the next lower unit of government.

paragraphs: Canton of Zug is not divided into districts.

paragraphs: The Canton of Fribourg is divided into 7 districts:

paragraphs: From 2005, Solothurn's ten districts are combined in pairs into five electoral districts, called "Amtei". From 2005, districts are only used for statistics.

paragraphs: Basel-City is not divided into districts. It is formed only of the city of Basel and two municipalities.

paragraphs: There are 5 Bezirke in Basel-Landschaft:

paragraphs: The Canton of Schaffhausen used to be divided into 6 districts ("Bezirke") until July 1999. The municipality is now the next lower unit of government.

paragraphs: Canton Appenzell Ausserrhoden is not divided into districts. The municipality is the next lower unit of government.

paragraphs: The 6 "Bezirke" (districts) are the local government level. They are part of the municipalities:

paragraphs: "Feuerschaugemeinde" is a special-purpose municipality for firefighting, energy and water for the town Appenzell.

paragraphs: The canton used to be subdivided into 14 districts ("Bezirke") until 2003 January 1,

paragraphs: when it was reorganised into 8 constituencies (Wahlkreise).

paragraphs: Canton Graubünden is divided into 11 Districts. They tend to follow the natural boundaries of the landscape. The districts are further subdivided into 39 sub-districts (German: "Kreise"):

paragraphs: The Canton of Thurgau is divided into eight districts. Each district is named after its capital.

paragraphs: The Canton of Ticino is divided into 8 districts (called distretti):

paragraphs: Since 1803 the Canton of Vaud has been divided into 19 districts:

paragraphs: As of January 1, 2008, Vaud will be reorganized into the following districts:

paragraphs: The Canton of Valais is divided into 14 districts and half-districts:

paragraphs: The Canton of Neuchâtel is divided into 6 districts which belong to 4 geographic regions:

paragraphs: The Canton of Geneva is not divided into districts. The municipality is the next level of government.

paragraphs: Canton Jura is divided into 3 districts:


title: Cape Race

paragraphs: Cape Race is a point of land at the southeastern tip of the Avalon Peninsula, on the island of Newfoundland, Canada. Its name is thought to come from the original Portuguese name for this cape, "Raso", or "bare". The Cape appeared on early sixteenth century maps as Cape Raso, and may derive from a cape of the same name at the mouth of the Tagus River in Portugal.