title: Nigel de Jong

paragraphs: Nigel de Jong (; born 30 November 1984) is a Dutch professional footballer. He is a midfielder for Italian Serie A club Milan and the Dutch national team. He joined the Ajax youth academy when he was young and made the first team at age 17.

paragraphs: De Jong moved from Ajax in 2006 to join Hamburg. He then moved to Manchester City in January 2009 for around £18 million. He became an important part of Manchester City's midfield. He has earned a reputation of being combative and feisty player. This got him nicknames like ""The Terrier"" and ""Lawnmower"". He moved to Italian club Milan in August 2012.

paragraphs: On 19 October 2002, de Jong played for the Ajax first team for the first time. He scored his first goal on 18 February 2003 in a 1–1 draw against Arsenal in the UEFA Champions League. He started playing in the first team often in the next season. In this season, Ajax won the Eredivisie. In 2004–05, de Jong was named Ajax Player of the Season. Later, after starting in midfield for quite a while, he found himself sitting on the bench more often than being one of the players at the start of a match. On 7 December 2005, it was announced that de Jong did not want to stay with Ajax. His contract with Ajax was due to finish in July 2006.

paragraphs: On 26 January 2006, de Jong signed a four and a half year contract at German Bundesliga club Hamburg. He moved there for about €1 million. He played for Hamburg for the first time two days later. In the match, Hamburg lost 2–1 to Nuremberg. In March 2006, de Jong scored the winning goal in Bayern Munich's first ever loss at the Allianz Arena. The week after, he got his first red card in a UEFA Cup match against Rapid Bucharest. He had to stop playing in April because he needed surgery on a knee problem. The injury also meant that he could not play for the Netherlands at the 2006 World Cup. However, after becoming fit again, he was put on standby.

paragraphs: On 21 January 2009, de Jong moved to Manchester City for around £18 million. He signed a four-and-a-half year contract. He played for the first time against Newcastle United on 28 January 2009. He played sixteen times in the Premier League.

paragraphs: De Jong was in the starting team against Arsenal on 12 September 2009. He was given Man of the Match by Sky Sports after Manchester City won 2-1 over Chelsea on 5 December 2009. By the end of the season, the fans liked him. He was one of Roberto Mancini's first picks as defensive midfielder as the team just missed out on the Champions League. De Jong scored his first goal for Manchester City when they won 2-1 against West Ham United on 1 May 2011.

paragraphs: On 31 August 2012, de Jong joined Italian Serie A club Milan. He signed a three-year contract.

paragraphs: On 31 March 2004, de Jong played his first game with the Netherlands in a friendly against France. He was not picked to play in UEFA Euro 2004. He missed the 2006 FIFA World Cup because his knee was injured.

paragraphs: He scored his first goal for the Netherlands against Iceland on 6 June 2009 in a 2010 FIFA World Cup qualifying match. This match made the Netherlands go through to the 2010 World Cup.

paragraphs: De Jong was part of the Dutch team for the 2010 FIFA World Cup. He was one of the starting players for their first match in the competition. In this match, they won 2–0 against Denmark. He was not allowed to play in the semi final against Uruguay because he got his second yellow card in a match against Brazil. He played in the Final, where the Netherlands lost 1–0 to Spain.

paragraphs: De Jong is married to Winonah. He has two children. His father is Jerry de Jong.

paragraphs: He owns a car dealership which exists in Europe and the Middle East.

paragraphs: De Jong is addicted to the game Angry Birds. He plays it in the dressing room before games.

paragraphs: Puma SE sponsor de Jong. The deal began in January 2012.


title: Paulo Nagamura

paragraphs: Paulo Nagamura (born 2 March 1983) is a Brazilian football player. He plays for Tigres UANL.


title: Kevin Doyle

paragraphs: Kevin Doyle (born 18 September 1983) is an Irish football player. He plays for Wolverhampton Wanderers and Republic of Ireland national team.


title: Jun Suzuki (born in 1989)

paragraphs: Jun Suzuki (born 22 April 1989) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Avispa Fukuoka.


title: Krassimir Balakov

paragraphs: Krassimir Balakov (born 29 March 1966) is a former Bulgarian football player. He has played for Bulgaria national team.


title: Martin Jiránek

paragraphs: Martin Jiránek (born 25 May 1979) is a Czech football player. He plays for Spartak Moscow.


title: Fan Zhiyi

paragraphs: Fan Zhiyi (born 22 January 1970) is a former Chinese football player. He has played for China PR national team.


title: Kew Jaliens

paragraphs: Kew Jaliens (born 15 September 1978) is a Dutch football player. He plays for AZ Alkmaar.

paragraphs: Jaliens was born in Rotterdam and is of Surinamese descent.


title: Kang Hyun-Su

paragraphs: Kang Hyun-Su (born 16 July 1984) is a North Korean professional athlete. He is best known as an association football player.


title: Kosuke Nakamachi

paragraphs: Kosuke Nakamachi (born 1 September 1985) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Avispa Fukuoka.


title: Starstruck

paragraphs: Starstruck (also called StarStruck) is a 2011 Disney Channel Original Movie starring Sterling Knight, Danielle Campbell, Brandon Mychal Smith and Chelsea Staub. The movie was made in Los Angeles. It was released on Disney DVD on June 8, 2010 in the U.S.


title: Nematomorpha

paragraphs: The Nematomorpha (horsehair worms) are a phylum of parasitic cycloneuralian animals. They look similar to nematode worms and live in similar environments, which is why their names are similar. They are sometimes called Gordiacea..

paragraphs: They range in size from long and in extreme cases may be up to 2 meters long. They are in diameter. Horsehair worms can be discovered in damp areas such as watering troughs, streams, puddles, and cisterns.

paragraphs: About 326 species are known and an estimate suggests that there may be about 2000 species worldwide.

paragraphs: Fossilized worms have been reported from Lower Cretaceous Burmese amber 100–110 million years ago.

paragraphs: The adult worms are free living and, in North America, are usually found only in the summer months in or near shallow water.

paragraphs: The larvae are parasitic on arthropods: beetles, cockroaches, grasshoppers and crickets. These are their final hosts, but since they do not live in water, the nematomorph life cycle has an extra stage.

paragraphs: A day or two after they come out of their hosts, the adult worms mate in the water, and then around mid-August or Mid-October, they lay their eggs in the water. It takes about a month for the larvae to develop inside the egg. Once the larvae hatch, they somehow get into gastropods (like snails and slugs), insects, or earthworms, which live in moist habitats. There they build a cyst, and grow. The animal they grow inside is called an interim (temporary) host, because a final host is still needed.

paragraphs: Next, developing nematomorph worms can be found in their final hosts (beetles, etc.). It is not clear how they get there, but probably the final host eats the interim host with the larvae inside them. After they appear in the final host, the nematomorphs begin to eat it from the inside.

paragraphs: The nematomorph may control the host, leading it towards water and even causing it to jump into the water. Then it breaks out of the beetle in or near the water and finds a knot of other worms. There it can mate.


title: Burgess Shale

paragraphs: The Burgess Shale Formation in the Rocky Mountains of British Columbia is one of the world's most celebrated fossil fields, and the best of its kind. It is famous for the exceptional preservation of the soft parts of its fossils. It is ~505 million years old (Middle Cambrian), one of the earliest soft-parts fossil beds.

paragraphs: The rock unit is a black shale, and crops out at a number of localities near the town of Field in the Yoho National Park.

paragraphs: The Burgess Shale was discovered by palaeontologist Charles Doolittle Walcott in 1909, towards the end of the season's fieldwork. He returned in 1910 with his sons, and established a quarry on the flanks of Fossil Ridge. The fact that fossils were of soft-bodied forms, and the range of organisms new to science, led him to return to the quarry almost every year until 1924. At this point, aged 74, he had amassed over 65,000 specimens.

paragraphs: Describing the fossils is a vast task, pursued by Walcott until his death in 1927, and continued into the 21st century. Walcott, led by scientific opinion at the time, attempted to categorise all fossils into living taxa. As a result, the fossils were regarded as little more than curiosities at the time. It was not until 1962 that a first-hand reinvestigation of the fossils was attempted, by Alberto Simonetta. This led scientists to recognise that Walcott had barely scratched the surface of information available in the Burgess Shale.

paragraphs: A second quarry (in the same geological formation) was opened. A thorough reassessment of the Burgess Shale showed that the fauna were much more varied and unusual than Walcott had realised. The Royal Ontario Museum now has the largest collection of Burgess Shale material in the world with over 150,000 specimens. Many of the animals present had bizarre anatomical features and only the slightest resemblance to other known animals. Examples include "Opabinia", with five eyes and a snout like a vacuum cleaner hose; "Nectocaris", and "Hallucigenia". This last was originally reconstructed upside down, walking on its spines.

paragraphs: The Burgess Shale was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1980. It became part of the Canada Rocky Mountain Parks World Heritage Site in 1984.


title: Solnhofen limestone

paragraphs: The Solnhofen limestone is the world's most famous fossil site. It is a lagerstätte of Upper Jurassic limestone which has preserved many fossils in great detail. The specimens of "Archaeopteryx" are perhaps the world's most valuable fossils, because they are the earliest fossils of a bird capable of flight.

paragraphs: The Solnhofen beds lie in the German state of Bavaria (Bayern), halfway between Nuremberg (Nürnberg) and Munich (München). They were originally quarried as a source of roof and floor tiles, then for lithographic printing.

paragraphs: In the late Jurassic this area was an archipelago at the edge of the Tethys Sea. This included placid lagoons which had limited access to the open sea because they were surrounded by coral reefs. Water runoff from the land was low and, under the sun, evaporation was high. Salinity rose so high that the resulting brine could not support life, except at the top of the water column.

paragraphs: The lowest water was not only very salty, but hypoxic: very low in oxygen. This was caused by the lack of water mixing. Many ordinary scavengers were absent from the lagoon floor. From the condition of the water, it follows that almost all of the fossilised animals were not living in the lagoon. They must have lived on land, in the air, or out to sea beyond the reef. Then when they died, they fell, drifted, or were washed into the lagoons from the air, ocean or land. Occasional storms at sea would have killed flying animals, and swept fish over the reef in a suspension of finely-dispersed lime. There the bodies sank into the dead zone and were preserved.

paragraphs: Once in the lagoon, bodies became buried in soft carbonate mud. Thus, many delicate creatures avoided consumption by scavengers or being torn apart by currents. The wings of dragonflies, the imprints of stray feathers, and terrestrial plants that washed into the lagoons were all preserved.

paragraphs: "The variety and number of fossils known is deceptive. The occurrence of fossils is quite low. Indeed, a worker can quarry for an entire day and find not a single one. The hundreds of years of quarrying are what make them seem so apparently common".

paragraphs: The range of fossil species gives a comprehensive picture of a local Jurassic ecosystem. At times, the lagoons almost dried out, exposing sticky carbonate muds that trapped insects and even a few small dinosaurs. Over 600 species have been identified. Seven genera and up to 29 species of pterosaur have been found. This suggests that in this ecosystem pterosaurs were more common and diversified than birds. The pterosaur sizes ranged from that of a sparrow to 1.2 m (4 ft) in length.

paragraphs: The fine-grained texture of the mud silt forming the limestone is ideal for making lithographic plates for printing illustrations. Extensive quarrying in the 19th century revealed many fossil finds, as commemorated in the name "Archaeopteryx lithographica", all the specimens of which come from these deposits. The closest modern analogue to the Solnhofen conditions is said to be Orca Basin in the northern Gulf of Mexico, though that area is much deeper than the Solnhofen lagoons.

paragraphs: The Solnhofen biota is composed of the animals and plants which lived in the area. All were found in the limestone quarries.

paragraphs: Both these groups produce calcium carbonate skeletal structures.

paragraphs: Some of remains of the land plants got down into the lagoon. They were almost all gynmosperms.

paragraphs: The data show some things about the biota of the region.


title: Aenictogiton

paragraphs: Aenictogiton is a genus of ants. The genus has seven species. The genus is given its own subfamily, Aenictogitoninae. All of the species are known only from males from middle Africa and show a phylogenetic liking to the army ants (and are in the dorylomorph subfamilies). Nothing is known about the workers, queens and behavior of these ants. A few not described species are known to exist in a few collections in the world.


title: Ketosis

paragraphs: Ketosis occurs when ketone bodies are released into the bloodstream due to low glycogen levels in the liver. Ketone bodies are created by the breakdown of fatty acid. Ketosis can be understood as the use of body fat as a source of energy.

paragraphs: The body goes through ketosis when there is not enough carbohydrate to refill glycogen in the liver. An example of this kind of diet is the Atkins diet, where followers start by eating fewer than 20g of carbohydrates per day. It takes 48 hours for the brain to switch from glucose to ketone bodies. Ketosis helps the body prevent using protein, from muscles, for gluconeogenesis to make glucose.

paragraphs: In essence, a ketogenic diet mimics "starvation", allowing the body to go into a metabolic state called ketosis (key-tow-sis). Normally, human bodies are sugar-driven machines: ingested carbohydrates are broken down into glucose, which is mainly transported and used as energy or stored as glycogen in liver and muscle tissue. When deprived of dietary carbohydrates (usually below 50g/day), the liver becomes the sole provider of glucose to feed your hungry organs – especially the brain, a particularly greedy entity accounting for ~20% of total energy expenditure. The brain cannot DIRECTLY use fat for energy. Once liver glycogen is depleted, without a backup energy source, humanity would’ve long disappeared in the eons of evolution.

paragraphs: The backup is ketone bodies that the liver derives primarily from fatty acids in your diet or body fat. These ketones – ?-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), acetoacetate and acetone – are released into the bloodstream, taken up by the brain and other organs, shuttled into the “energy factory” mitochondria and used up as fuel. Excess BHB and acetoacetate are excreted from urine, while acetone, due to its volatile nature, is breathed out (hence the characteristically sweet “keto breath”). Meanwhile, blood glucose remains physiologically normal due to glucose derived from certain amino acids and the breakdown of fatty acids – voila, low blood sugar avoided!

paragraphs: "Carbohydrate restriction induces the pancreas to "tell" fat cells to release fatty acids, which get taken up by the liver and converted into ketones and released into blood. Once taken up by the brain, ketones enter the TCA cycle to generate energy. Source: Shelly Fan. (click to see large)"

paragraphs: Brain on ketones: Energetics, Oxidation and Inflammation

paragraphs: So the brain is happily deriving energy from ketones – sure, but why would this be protective against such a variety of brain diseases?

paragraphs: One answer may be energy. Despite their superficial differences, many neurological diseases share one major problem – deficient energy production. During metabolic stress, ketones serve as an alternative energy source to maintain normal brain cell metabolism. In fact, BHB (a major ketone) may be an even more efficient fuel than glucose, providing more energy per unit oxygen used. A ketogenic diet also increases the number of mitochondria, so called “energy factories” in brain cells. A recent study found enhanced expression of genes encoding for mitochondrial enzymes and energy metabolism in the hippocampus, a part of the brain important for learning and memory. Hippocampal cells often degenerate in age-related brain diseases, leading to cognitive dysfunction and memory loss. With increased energy reserve, neurons may be able to ward off disease stressors that would usually exhaust and kill the cell.

paragraphs: A ketogenic diet may also DIRECTLY inhibit a major source of neuronal stress, by -well- acting like a blueberry. Reactive oxygen species are unfortunate byproducts of cellular metabolism. Unlike the gas Oxygen, these “oxidants” have a single electron that makes them highly reactive, bombarding into proteins and membranes and wrecking their structure. Increased oxidants are a hallmark of aging, stroke and neurodegeneration.

paragraphs: Ketones directly inhibit the production of these violent molecules, and enhance their breakdown through increasing the activity of glutathione peroxidase, a part of our innate anti-oxidant system. The low intake of carbohydrates also directly reduces glucose oxidation (something called “glycolysis”). Using a glucose-like non-metabolized analogue, one studyfound that neurons activate stress proteins to lower oxidant levels and stabilize mitochondria.

paragraphs: Due to its high fat nature, keto increases poly-unsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs, such as DHA and EPA, both sold over-the-counter as “brain healthy” supplements), which in turn reduces oxidant production and inflammation. Inflammatory stress is another “root of all evil”, which PUFAs target by inhibiting the expression of genes encoding for pro-inflammatory factors.

paragraphs: Excited neurons transmit signals, process information and form the basis of a functioning brain. OVER-excited neurons tend to die.

paragraphs: The brain teeters on a balance between excitation and inhibition through two main neurotransmitters, the excitatory glutamate and the inhibitory GABA. Tilt the scale towards glutamate, which occurs in stroke, seizures and neurodegeneration, and you get excitotoxicity. In other words, hyper-activity is toxic.

paragraphs: Back in the 1930s, researchers found that direct injection of various ketone bodies into rabbits prevented chemically-induced seizures through inhibiting glutamate release, but the precise mechanism was unclear. A recent study in hippocampal neurons showed that ketones directly inhibited the neuron’s ability to “load up” on glutamate – that is, the transmitter can’t be packaged into vesicles and released – and thus decreased excitatory transmission. In a model of epilepsy that used a chemical similar to glutamate to induce damage, the diet protected miceagainst cell death in the hippocampus by inhibiting pro-death signaling molecules. On the other end of the excitation-inhibition balance, ketones increase GABA in the synapses (where neurotransmitters are released) of rats and in the brains of some (but not all) epileptic humans subjects. This increase in inhibition may confer both anti-seizure effects and neuroprotection, though data is still scant.

paragraphs: Then there are some fringe hypotheses. The acidity of ketones may decrease the pH of certain brain microdomains, which might be the mechanism of keto’s positive effect on Type II Bipolar disorder (lots of mays and mights, I know). As keto affects the whole body, global changes due to calorie restriction and regulation of the satiety hormone Leptin are bound to alter brain function, and play a circumstantial role.

paragraphs: All these molecular changes suggest that a ketogenic diet is protective against brain injury. But is there any REAL evidence?

paragraphs: A study with 23 elderly with mild cognitive impairment showed that a ketogenic diet improved verbal memory performance after 6 weeks compared to a standard high carbohydrate diet. In a double-blind, placebo-controlled study, 152 patients with mild- to moderate Alzheimer’s disease were given either a ketogenic agent or a placebo, while maintaining a normal diet. 90 days later, those receiving the drug showed marked cognitive improvement compared to placebo, which was correlated with the level of ketones in the blood.

paragraphs: In a pilot study in 7 patients with Parkinson’s disease, 5 were able to stick to the diet for 28 days and showed marked reduction in their physical symptoms. In an animal model of Amytrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), a ketogenic diet also led to delayed motor neuron death and histological and functional improvements, although it did not increase life span; clinical trials are on the way.

paragraphs: Remarkably, a long-term ketogenic diet does not seem to be associated with significant side effects, although constipation, dehydration and electrolyte and micronutrient deficiencies are common complaints. More serious complications include increased chance of kidney stones, gallbladder problems and bone fractures, especially in children. Menstrual irregularities often occur in women, with potential impact on fertlity. Although ketoacidosis – acidification of the blood due to pathological levels of ketones – was historically proposed as a side effect, nutritional ketosis simply cannot achieve the level of ketones required to induce this life-threatening state. Nevertheless, there are no studies directly monitoring the side effects of ketosis yet, hence it’s too early to conclude that the diet is completely safe for everyone.


title: Melphalan

paragraphs: Melphalan is a chemotherapeutic agent used in the treatment of a variety of cancers, including melanoma and multiple myeloma.


title: Rhabdomyosarcoma

paragraphs: Rhabdomyosarcoma is a rare type of cancer that is most common in children. Rhabdomyosarcoma is a cancer that begins in muscle tissue - usually the muscles that are attached to bones to help a person move.

paragraphs: Rhabdomyosarcoma should not be confused with rhabdomyolysis, which is often called "rhabdo" for short.

paragraphs: There are three different kinds of rhabdomyosarcoma.

paragraphs: This is the most common type of rhabdomyosarcoma. More than half of people with this cancer have ERMS. It is most common in children under age 6.

paragraphs: Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma usually happens in:

paragraphs: This is the second most common type of rhabdomyosarcoma. Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma is more common in older children and teenagers, but it can also happen in younger children and adults.

paragraphs: ARMS usually happens in the big muscles in:

paragraphs: However, it can also happen in the genitals or the area around the anus.

paragraphs: This type of rhabdomyosarcoma usually grows faster than embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma, and needs more treatment than ERMS.

paragraphs: Anaplastic rhabdomyosarcoma does not happen very often. When it does happen, it usually affects adults; is very rare in children.

paragraphs: This type of cancer usually grows quickly and needs a lot of treatment.

paragraphs: The choice of how to treat rhabdomyosarcoma depends on many things. For example:

paragraphs: Based on all of these things, the patient and their medical team can decide what treatment is best. There are three types of treatments for rhabdomyosarcoma:

paragraphs: The prognosis of a person with rhabdomyosarcoma also depends on many different things. For example, adults with rhabdomyosarcoma usually have tumors that grow faster and are harder to treat. Prognosis also depends on the type of rhabdomyosarcoma a person has, what kind of treatment they get, whether their cancer has spread, and many other things.


title: Underweight

paragraphs: The term underweight refers to humans that have much less weight than they should. Being underweight is bad for the overall health of the person affected. It is normal what a person's weights changes over time. Being underweight is often defined using a measure called the body mass index which calculates a score, based on height and weight. If this score is below 18.5, a person is generally said to be underweight. This is only a general indication, though as the scores must not be calculated for everyone. It does not apply to children and adolescents, for example.

paragraphs: Being underweight can have different causes:

paragraphs: There are problems that are related to being underweight. Very often being underweight is not the first problem. Rather, it often is the effect of another condition or disease. Unexpected weight loss requires the attention of a doctor. There might be another disease. If that disease is treated, the weight problem also disappears.

paragraphs: Another problem underweight people face is that the weight problem affects their health: Their immune system is weakened, and they may get sick more often. People who are underweight because they cannot get or afford the right food need special attention. Women who are underweight may not have their menstruation and face difficult pregnancies.

paragraphs: Once they were being underweight, psychically, they may feel sad and worried about their health. Therefore, family and friends should support them to help them get rid of their unhappiness.


title: Etihad Airways

paragraphs: Etihad Airways is one of two major airlines in the United Arab Emirates. It was created by royal decree in July 2003. It started carrying passengers in November 2003. Abu Dhabi, the capital of the United Arab Emirates, is the airline's hub and base of operations. Etihad Airways flies to 63 locations in 42 countries.


title: Petrol Ofisi

paragraphs: Petrol Ofisi is Turkish petroleum company. It was created in 1941 by Turkey to make gasoline and oil available to the country of Turkey. The government sold the company in July 2000. More than 95% of the company is now owned by Doğan Holding and OMV. The remaining shares of the company are publicly traded stock.


title: Pot-in-pot refrigerator

paragraphs: The pot-in-pot refrigerator, also known as a Zeer in Arabic, is a food cooling device. It works by using the evaporation of water. It needs no electricity.

paragraphs: It is made by putting a clay pot inside a larger clay pot with wet sand in between the pots and a wet cloth on top. As the water evaporates it cools the inside, letting food stored in the inner pot to be kept fresh for some time. It must be placed in a dry, ventilated place for the water to evaporate to the outside.

paragraphs: Evaporative coolers perform poorly or not at all in climates with high humidity.

paragraphs: Mohammed Bah Abba of Nigeria patented the device in 1995 and was awarded a Rolex prize in 2000 for developing the “pot-in-pot preservation/cooling system”. However, the device was known at least as early as the Middle Kingdom of Egypt, as seen by the hieroglyphic kbb, "to cool".

paragraphs: Earthenware wine coolers work on the same principle. They are soaked in cold water for a while, then emptied and put on the table. The pores of the earthenware are now full of water. Evaporation from the earthenware keeps white wine cool enough for several hours.


title: Ankylosauridae

paragraphs: The Ankylosauridae) are a family of armoured dinosaurs which evolved 125 million years ago and became extinct 65 million years ago during the Cretaceous-Tertiary extinction event. Ankylosaurids and their sister group, the Nodosauridae make up the infraorder Ankylosauria.

paragraphs: They have been found in western North America, Europe and East Asia. Good specimens are rare; most are known only from fragments, and bits of their armour.


title: David Heiss

paragraphs: David Heiss is a convicted murderer from Limburg, Germany currently imprisoned for his killing of Matthew Pyke after having persistently stalked Joanna Witton, the girlfriend of Matthew Pyke.


title: Koichi Hashimoto

paragraphs: Koichi Hashimoto (born 13 January 1969) is a former Japanese football player.


title: Shun Ichimura

paragraphs: Shun Ichimura (born 17 October 1986) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Grulla Morioka.


title: Shinji Suzuki

paragraphs: Shinji Suzuki (born 29 August 1986) is a former Japanese football player.


title: Taiji Furuta

paragraphs: Taiji Furuta (born 4 August 1982) is a former Japanese football player.


title: Koichi Hirono

paragraphs: Koichi Hirono (born 16 April 1980) is a former Japanese football player.


title: Shigeru Sarusawa

paragraphs: Shigeru Sarusawa (born 30 January 1960) is a former Japanese football player.


title: Jehol biota

paragraphs: The Jehol biota includes all the living organisms – the ecosystem – of northeastern China between 133 to 120 million years ago (mya). This is the Lower Cretaceous ecosystem which left fossils in the Yixian Formation, some 125–121 mya, and the Jiufotang Formation. It is also believed to have left fossils in the Sinuiju series of North Korea.

paragraphs: The ecosystem in the Lower Cretaceous was dominated by wetlands and numerous lakes (not rivers, deltas, or marine habitats). Rainfall was seasonal, alternating between semi-arid, and mesic conditions. The climate was temperate. The Jehol ecosystem was interrupted at times by ash eruptions from volcanoes to the west. The word "Jehol" was the name given during the Japanese occupation of North-East China, 1933–1946.

paragraphs: The Jehol biota is noteworthy for the many different fossils and the large numbers of individuals of each species that have been recovered.

paragraphs: The biota includes many species that were previously known only from the Upper Jurassic or earlier. These include the dinosaur "Sinosauropteryx", and the pterosaur "Dendrorhynchoides". There was even a primitive protomammal – a tritylodont therapsid – from Lower Cretaceous Japan. Tritylodonts were previously thought to have gone extinct in the Middle Jurassic. The biota also has the earliest and most basal (primitive) known members of groups which spread all around the world by the Upper Cretaceous, including neoceratopsians, therizinosaurs, tyrannosaurs, and oviraptors.

paragraphs: The Jehol biota has produced fossils of plant mega- and microfossils, including the earliest angiosperms, charophytes and dinocysts, snails (gastropods), clams (bivalves), superabundant aquatic arthropods called conchostracans, ostracods, shrimps, insects, spiders, fish, frogs and salamanders, turtles, choristoderes, lizards (squamata), pterosaurs, and dinosaurs including dinobirds, the largest mammals known from the Mesozoic, and a great diversity of birds including the earliest advanced birds, and the smallest and largest birds known from the Mesozoic.

paragraphs: The forests around the lakes were dominated by conifers including members of the podocarp pine, araucaria, and cypress families. There were also ginkgos, bennettitaleans, ephedra, horsetails, ferns, and mosses. The leaves and needles of the trees show adaptations to a dry season, but some of the ferns and mosses are types that grow in very wet habitats. It is possible that the latter avoided dry conditions by growing very close to bodies of water. "Archaefructus" has been described as the earliest known flowering plant (Angiosperm), and it is reconstructed as a water plant.

paragraphs: The fossils have been found in several sites of exceptional preservation. The two most famous are the Yixian and Jiufotang Formations. The Yixian and Jiufotang Formations are "Lagerstatten", meaning that they have exceptionally good conditions for fossil preservation. The fossils are numerous, but also very well preserved. They often have articulated skeletons (bones connected), soft tissues, colour patterns, stomach contents, and twigs with leaves and flowers still attached.

paragraphs: Palaeontologists deduced two things from this. The first is that the land animals and plants were washed into the lakes very gently, or were already in the lakes when they died. They do not show the damage seen in fossils formed by large floods. Second, volcanic ash is commonly interbedded with lake sediments, and ashfalls seem to have quickly buried the fossilized organisms, created anoxic conditions around them, and prevented scavenging.

paragraphs: The biota probably extended as far as North Korea. Its earliest appearance may be in another Chinese lagerstätte, the Huajiying Formation.

paragraphs: A geological formation in Liaoning, N.E. China. It has outstanding preservation. The deposits of siliclastic (SiO) sediment alternate with basalt. It was first recognised by the Japanese when they occupied Manchuria ('Jehol'). The formation was laid down 125–121 million years ago. It contains the famous "Confuciusornis" beds.

paragraphs: "Sinodelphys", the earliest metatherian mammal, was found in this formation.

paragraphs: The Jiufotang Formation is a Lower Cretaceous geological formation in Liaoning. It has yielded fossils of feathered dinosaurs, primitive birds, pterosaurs, and other organisms.

paragraphs: The exact age of the Jiufotang has been debated for years, with estimates ranging from the Upper Jurassic to the Lower Cretaceous. Argon radiometry confirmed a Lower Cretaceous age for the site, 120.3 +/-0.7 million years ago. Fossils of "Microraptor" and "Jeholornis" are from the Jiufotang.

paragraphs: Lower Cretaceous, but exact dates uncertain. This is probably the earliest of the Jehol biota lagerstätte sites. Contains sedimentary members interspersed with volcanic ash. Contains birds, dinosaurs and fish.


title: Kazuki Tsuda

paragraphs: Kazuki Tsuda (born 26 July 1982) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Machida Zelvia.


title: Tsuyoshi Tanikawa

paragraphs: Tsuyoshi Tanikawa (born 25 April 1980) is a former Japanese football player.


title: Oleksandr Shovkovskiy

paragraphs: Oleksandr Shovkovskiy (born 2 January 1975) is an Ukrainian football player. He plays for Dynamo Kyiv and Ukraine national team.


title: New York Draft Riots

paragraphs: The New York Draft Riots (July 13 – 16, 1863; known at the time as Draft Week) were violent disturbances in New York City. They happened when anger with President Lincoln and his laws was highest. At first it just wanted to show anger at the draft. But the protests became violent and "a virtual racial pogrom, with uncounted numbers of blacks murdered on the streets". Major General John E. Wool said on July 16, "Martial law ought (should) to be proclaimed, but I have not a sufficient (enough) force to enforce it." The military stopped the mob using weapons. However, they had already destroyed many buildings, including homes and an orphanage for black children.


title: Andrés Escobar

paragraphs: Andrés Escobar (13 March 1967 - 2 July 1994) was a Colombian footballer. He played for Colombia national team.

paragraphs: Escobar was shot dead in Medellín. It is believed that he was murdered because he scored an own goal against his team in the 1994 FIFA World Cup which caused the United States to win 2 – 1 and caused gambling losses to a lot of powerful drug lords.


title: Igor Duljaj

paragraphs: Igor Duljaj (born 29 October 1979) is a Serbian football player. He plays for Shakhtar Donetsk.


title: Richard Dunne

paragraphs: Richard Dunne (born 21 September 1979) is an Irish football player. He plays for Aston Villa and Republic of Ireland national team.


Ryo Sakai


title: Wataru Sumida

paragraphs: Wataru Sumida (born 23 May 1988) is a Japanese football player.


title: Yuji Mito

paragraphs: Yuji Mito (born 15 April 1988) is a former Japanese football player.


title: Tiago Prado

paragraphs: Tiago Prado (born 3 May 1984) is a Brazilian football player. He plays for Chengdu Blades.


title: Jun Mizukoshi

paragraphs: Jun Mizukoshi (born 15 January 1975) is a Japanese football player.


title: Eduardo César Gaspar

paragraphs: Eduardo César Gaspar (born 15 May 1978) is a Brazilian football player. He plays for Corinthians Paulista.


title: Kris Boyd

paragraphs: Kris Boyd (born 18 August 1983) is a Scottish football player. He played for Rangers and Scotland national team. He currently plays for the Portland Timbers.


title: Ludovic Butelle

paragraphs: Ludovic Jean-Luc Butelle (born 3 April 1984) is a French football player. He plays for Lille.


title: Leandro Grimi

paragraphs: Leandro Grimi (born 9 February 1985) is an Argentine football player. He plays for Sporting Portugal.


title: Naldo

paragraphs: Naldo (born 10 September 1982) is a Brazilian football player. He plays for Werder Bremen.


title: Kevin Nolan

paragraphs: Kevin Nolan (born 24 June 1982) is an English football player. He plays for Newcastle United.


title: Leon Osman

paragraphs: Leon Osman (born 17 May 1981) is an English footballer. He plays for Everton.


title: Hirotada Ito

paragraphs: Hirotada Ito (born 5 December 1987) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Renofa Yamaguchi.


title: Pete Backor

paragraphs: Peter Backor (April 29, 1919 in Fort William, Ontario – June 30, 1988) was a Canadian professional ice hockey defenceman who played briefly for the Toronto Maple Leafs in the NHL.

paragraphs: Although he played just a single season in the NHL, Backor made it count as he helped the Toronto Maple Leafs win the Stanley Cup in 1945. After that season he spent the next 11 years playing in the minor leagues for the Pittsburgh Hornets of the AHL with whom he won the Calder Cup in 1952, the Hollywood Wolves of the PCHL and the Sault Ste. Marie Indians of the NOHL. Backor retired from hockey in 1956.

paragraphs: He was one of the few players of Slovak descent in the NHL's younger years if not the first one ever.

paragraphs: He was brother-in-law to another NHL legend of Slovak descent Rudy Migay who played for Toronto Maple Leafs.


title: Bob Bodak

paragraphs: Robert Peter Bodak (born May 28, 1961 in Thunder Bay, Ontario) is a Canadian retired professional ice hockey player who played in the National Hockey League for the Calgary Flames and Hartford Whalers. A career minor-leaguer, Bodak played only three games with the Flames in 1987–88 and one more with the Whalers in 1989–90. He did not record a point, but had 29 penalty minutes in his four games.


title: Yusuke Sato (born in 1982)

paragraphs: Yusuke Sato (born 6 March 1982) is a former Japanese football player.


title: Ryuji Kitamura

paragraphs: Ryuji Kitamura (born 15 March 1981) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Matsumoto Yamaga.


title: Daisuke Tanaka

paragraphs: Daisuke Tanaka (born 6 January 1983) is a Japanese football player. He plays for MIO Biwako Kusatsu.


title: Koji Nakao

paragraphs: Koji Nakao (born 8 September 1981) is a former Japanese football player.


title: Yasuyoshi Nara

paragraphs: Yasuyoshi Nara (born 12 December 1982) is a former Japanese football player.


title: Christoph Daum

paragraphs: Christoph Daum (born 24 October 1953) is a former German football player.


title: Masanobu Aoyagi

paragraphs: In 2011, he was captain of the Fukushima team.


title: Wataru Nakazato

paragraphs: Wataru Nakazato (born 30 October 1984) is a former Japanese football player.


title: FC Erzgebirge Aue

paragraphs: The Fußballclub Erzgebirge Aue is a football club which plays in the German 2. Bundesliga. The club is from Aue in Saxony.

paragraphs: The club was founded as SG Aue in 1945 and on 1 November 1948 became BSG Pneumatik Aue. Changes in sponsorship led to a change in name to Zentra Wismut Aue in 1949 and then simply to SC Wismut Aue in 1951. 1951 they promoted to the DDR-Oberliga. In 1954 the government decided that the nearby city Chemnitz(now called Karl-Marx-Stadt) should have a good team. So the name of Aue was changed to SC Wismut Karl Marx Stadt. But the club still played in Aue. In 1963 Karl Marx Stadt got its own team so the club was renamed to SC Wismut Aue.

paragraphs: Till 1989 Aue was one of the most successful teams in the DDR. They were 3 times winner of the DDR Oberliga (1956, 1957, 1959) and won the Cup once(1955). In the united Germany the started in the NOFV-Oberliga Süd (4th stage). With the establishment of the Regionalliga Nordost (3rd stage) in 1994, the club qualified for the new league. 200o they came to the Regionalliga Nord and were promoted to the 2. Bundesliga after the 1st place there. 2007 they were again relegated but came back in 2010.


title: Takashi Sambonsuge

paragraphs: Takashi Sambonsuge (born 5 June 1978) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Nara.


title: Hiroyuki Dobashi

paragraphs: Hiroyuki Dobashi (born 27 November 1977) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Nagano Parceiro.


title: Hidehito Shirao

paragraphs: Hidehito Shirao (born 30 September 1980) is a former Japanese football player.


title: Nenad Đorđević

paragraphs: Nenad Đorđević (born 7 August 1979) is a Serbian football player. He has played for Serbia national team.


title: Rot-Weiß Oberhausen

paragraphs: The SC Rot-Weiß Oberhausen is a football club which plays in Germany.


Shoki Hirai


title: Kohei Nishino

paragraphs: Kohei Nishino (born 15 April 1982) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Fagiano Okayama.


title: Hiroyuki Takeda

paragraphs: Hiroyuki Takeda (born 30 November 1983) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Tochigi.


title: SC Paderborn 07

paragraphs: The SC Paderborn 07 is a football club which plays in Germany.


paragraphs: Encyclopædia Britannica Ultimate Reference Suite is a series of encyclopaedias that come on DVD, to be installed on computers.

paragraphs: There is no official release of Britannica for Linux, however, there is a way that can help experienced users run "Encyclopædia Britannica 2004 Ultimate Reference Suite DVD" on Linux.


title: Digital rights

paragraphs: Digital rights are the rights of people regarding what they can do with their computer. There are many cases that need special thought related to digital rights, such as the right to have data accessible to a few people (privacy) and freedom of expression. Very often the word is used when referring to computer networks such as the Internet.

paragraphs: In 2003, the United Nations held a special talk, called the World Summit on the Information Society. One of the tasks of this talk was to make the digital divide smaller. The digital divide separates countries into "rich" ones and "poor" ones. For "poor" countries accessing the internet is much more hard. After long talks, all people in the talk signed a closing statement.

paragraphs: The statement pointed out that human rights were universal, and that they could not be divided. They were also related to the basic freedoms that the Vienna Declaration had defined, and could not be separated from them. In addition, democracy as well as sustainable development should be respected and the rule of law should be made stronger.

paragraphs: This declaration also makes specific reference to the importance of the right to freedom of expression in the "Information Society". It says:

paragraphs: "We reaffirm, as an essential foundation of the Information Society, and as outlined in Article 19 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, that everyone has the right to freedom of opinion and expression; that this right includes freedom to hold opinions without interference and to seek, receive and impart information and ideas through any media and regardless of frontiers. Communication is a fundamental social process, a basic human need and the foundation of all social organization. It is central to the Information Society. Everyone, everywhere should have the opportunity to participate and no one should be excluded from the benefits of the Information Society offers."

paragraphs: Digital rights management is in this area, as an example.


title: Enigma machine

paragraphs: The Enigma machine was created for Germany by Arthur Scherbius in World War I. It is a cypher machine: a way of changing the letters of a message so that it appears to be scrambled letters (or, random letters).

paragraphs: Each time a letter is typed, it appears as another letter in the alphabet. The choices are "not" random. They are decided by a series of rotors which are set each day to a different starting set-up. Every press of a key turns the rotors to a new position.

paragraphs: German military messages done on the Enigma machine were first broken by the Polish Cipher Bureau, beginning in December 1932. Later, they designed mechanical devices for breaking Enigma cyphers. From 1938 more complexity was added to the Enigma machines, making decryption more difficult.

paragraphs: On 25 July 1939, in Warsaw, the Poles showed French and British intelligence agents their cryptanalysis of the Enigma, and promised each delegation a Polish-built Enigma. The demonstration was a vital start for the later British work at Bletchley Park.

paragraphs: During the invasion of Poland (1939) the Polish codebreakers were sent to France for safety. Later, they fled to Britain. Making technical improvements, British codebreakers solved a vast number of messages from Enigma, and gave the plaintext to military staff. The information got from this, called "Ultra" by the British, was a great help to the Allied war effort. Ultra also included decrypts of other German, Italian and Japanese cyphers and codes, including the cypher of the German High Command.

paragraphs: Mistakes by German operators helped the cryptanalysis of Luftwaffe Enigmas, and the British capture of key tables and a machine from a German submarine helped in cracking Navy ones.

paragraphs: On 15th July 2011, Queen Elizabeth II visited Bletchley Park, where the machine is kept in the Museum, to pay tribute to those who worked there, since they cut short the war by breaking the cyphers of Nazi Germany.


title: Northwest Passage

paragraphs: The Northwest Passage is a sea passage along the north coast of North America, through the Arctic Ocean. Because of ice, the passage is usually closed to ships.

paragraphs: The Spanish Empire wanted to reach Asia by a western route, because Portugal controlled the eastern route around the Cape of Good Hope. Spain wanted to have a route that it could control. This caused most European countries to search for a possible route. Roald Amundsen was the first person to navigate the passage between 1903 and 1906.

paragraphs: Global warming is increasing the melting for the Passage.


title: Chatroulette

paragraphs: Chatroulette is a webcam chatting site founded by Andrei Ternowski in November 2009. Two people are randomly connected. At any time, one of the people can end the chat by pressing F9 on their keyboard. According to Robert J. Moore, the CEO and co-founder of RJMetrics, about 1 in 8 people are either naked or lewd. Many people think children should not use it. Since December 2012, users can only use their webcam if they have had at least 3 conversations that lasted 10 minutes or longer. If a user didn't do that yet, their webcam will display a picture. Also, a person has to register before using it. If someone acts strange or offends another person, you can report him/her by keyboard.


title: The Human Centipede (First Sequence)

paragraphs: The Human Centipede (First Sequence) is a 2009 Dutch horror movie. It is written and directed by Tom Six. The movie is about a mad doctor who wants to stick people together so they become what he calls his 'human centipede'.

paragraphs: "The Human Centipede" did not get very many good reviews, but Tom Six made two sequels to the movie called "The Human Centipede 2 (Full Sequence)" and "The Human Centipede 3 (Final Sequence)".

paragraphs: Lindsay (played by Ashley C. Williams) and Jenny (played by Ashlynn Yennie) are two American girls who are on holiday in Germany. They are kidnapped by a mad doctor called Dr. Heiter (played by Dieter Laser) after their car breaks down and they go to his house to look for help. The doctor Heiter then kidnaps a Japanese man named Katsuro (played by Akihiro Kitamura). The doctor tells the three that he is world-famous for separating conjoined twins, but wants to join people together so they share a single digestive system. He tells the three how he will connect his three victims together mouth-to-anus. Lindsay tries to escape, but is captured before she can get away. The doctor then sews the three together; he sews Lindsays's mouth to Katsuro's anus, and Jenny's mouth to Lindsay's anus. This means that when he feeds Katsuro food, Katsuro defecates into Lindsay's mouth, and Lindsay defecates her feces into Jenny's mouth.

paragraphs: The doctor calls his victims his 'human centipede', and he tries to train his centipede as a pet. However, the doctor becomes very restless when he is kept awake by the screaming of his victims, and even more annoyed when Jenny starts to get ill from blood poisoning.

paragraphs: When the police visit the doctor to look for the missing people, he decides to add them to his centipede and get rid of Jenny. The doctor tries but fails to drug the detectives, and they leave the house saying they will come back later. The three try to escape, and Katsuro attacks the doctor, by stabbing him in the foot and leg, but they do not escape the house. Katsuro tells the doctor that he deserves his fate, because he had treated his family very badly in the past, then he kills himself with a piece of glass. The police come back to the house and search it, as the doctor hides near his swimming pool. One policeman finds the 'human centipede' but then hears a gunshot which he goes to investigate. He discovers the other policeman dead in the swimming pool. The doctor then shoots him in the stomach, and as he is dying he shoots the doctor in the head. The policeman then falls in the pool and is dead.

paragraphs: Jenny and Lindsay hold hands as Jenny dies from her blood poisoning. Lindsay is left alone in the house. The movie ends with her screaming into Heiter's empty laboratory, while still attached to Katsuro and Jenny.

paragraphs: Most reviews said "The Human Centipede" was not very good. However some Horror blogs liked the idea and thought it was funny.

paragraphs: The movie won some awards at Film Festivals.


title: Isle Royale National Park

paragraphs: Isle Royale National Park is a wildlife reserve on more than 100 islands in northwest Lake Superior, in northern Michigan in the United States. This national park was opened in 1940. The wildlife includes moose, wolves and many kinds of birds.

paragraphs: One of the islands is called Isle Royale. It has an area of 229 square miles. Native Americans mined copper on this island in pre-Columbian times (before 1492). The mines can still be seen here.

paragraphs: Isle Royale National Park - National Park Service website


title: Mare Tranquillitatis

paragraphs: Mare Tranquillitatis is a large area on the visible side of the Moon. It is also called the Sea of Tranquillity. It is called a sea because ancient astronomers looked at the Moon and thought they saw seas and oceans on the Moon. Now we know that they are not seas. They are darkened areas on the Moon's surface. They may have been made by ancient volcanoes by things such as leaks and eruptions. Mare Tranquillitatis is just one of the 22 "Seas" and "Oceans" on the Moon.

paragraphs: In 1651, astronomers Francesco Grimaldi and Giovanni Battista Riccioli named Mare Tranquillitatis in their lunar map.

paragraphs: Mare Tranquillitatis was the landing site for the first manned landing on the Moon on July 20, 1969, at 20:18 UTC. Apollo 11 landed at .


title: Heterodontosaur

paragraphs: The Heterodontosauridae ("different-toothed lizards") is a family of early ornithischian dinosaurs.

paragraphs: They have often been considered basal ornithopods, although recent studies suggest they may have been more closely related to marginocephalians. Although their fossils are rare, they lived around the globe beginning in the Upper Triassic and may have persisted into the Lower Cretaceous.

paragraphs: A large gap, called a diastema, separated the premaxillary teeth from the those of the maxilla (the main upper jaw bone) in many ornithischia, but this diastema was arched in heterodontosaurs.

paragraphs: The mandible (lower jaw) was tipped by the predentary, a bone unique to ornithischia. This bone also supported a beak similar to the one found on the premaxilla. All the teeth in the lower jaw were found on the dentary bone.

paragraphs: Heterodontosaurids are called that because they have two different kinds of teeth. There were three premaxillary teeth. In the early Jurassic "Abrictosaurus", "Heterodontosaurus", and "Lycorhinus", the first two premaxillary teeth were small and conical, while the much larger third tooth resembled the canines of carnivoran mammals and is often called the "caniniform" or 'tusk'.

paragraphs: Several early studies suggested that heterodontosaurs were primitive ornithischians. The main hypothesis in recent years has put heterodontosaurids in as basal ornithopods. However, others have suggested that heterodontosaurs share a common ancestor with Marginocephalia (ceratopsians and pachycephalosaurs). This has support from some recent studies. A clade containing heterodontosaurs and marginocephalians has been named Heterodontosauriformes. Heterodontosaurs may even be basal to both ornithopods and marginocephalians. In 2007, a cladistic analysis suggested that heterodontosaurs are basal to all known ornithischians except "Pisanosaurus", a result that echoes some of the very earliest work on the family.


title: Antti Niemi (ice hockey)

paragraphs: Antti Niemi (born August 29, 1983 in Vantaa, Finland) is a professional Finnish ice hockey goaltender that is currently playing for the San Jose Sharks of the NHL. Niemi also played with the Chicago Blackhawks from 2008-2010 where he won the Stanley Cup.


title: Filé

paragraphs: Filé is a powdered spice. It is made from dried sassafras leaves. It is used in small amounts as a thickening agent in Cajun and Creole cooking.


title: Stephen Strasburg

paragraphs: Stephen James Strasburg (born July 20, 1988 in San Diego, California) is an American baseball player. He is a pitcher for the Washington Nationals in Major League Baseball (MLB). He played baseball in college at San Diego State University. While playing at San Diego State, Strasburg threw a no hitter against the Air Force Academy. The Nationals drafted him with the first pick in the 2009 MLB Draft. Strasburg signed a contract to play for the Nationals for four years while being paid more than 15 million dollars. After signing his contract, Strasburg began pitching in the minor leagues. Most people did not expect Strasburg to stay in the minor leagues for very long, though. Strasburg played very well in the minor leagues. His earned run average (ERA) for the Syracuse Chiefs, which was the final minor league team he played for, was only 1.08.

paragraphs: Strasburg played his first game in Major League Baseball on June 8, 2010. The game had sold out just a few hours after the Nationals said that Strasburg would play on that day. He was the Nationals' starting pitcher in a game against the Pittsburgh Pirates. Strasburg pitched for 7 innings, striking out 14 Pirates batters, giving up 2 runs, and only allowing 4 hits. The Nationals won the game by a score of 5-2.


title: Amblyopone saundersi

paragraphs: Amblyopone saundersi is an ant in the subfamily Amblyoponinae, endemic to New Zealand.


title: Amyrmex golbachi

paragraphs: Amyrmex golbachi is a species of ant. It is currently the only known species of ant of the genus Amyrmex described from Argentina.


title: Ancyridris

paragraphs: Ancyridris is a small genus of myrmicine ants. The genus has only two described species from New Guinea.


title: Anillidris

paragraphs: Anillidris is a genus of ants. It has only one species, Anillidris bruchi. For a time this genus was thought to be the same as the genus "Linepithema", but they were described as being different by Shattuck (1992).


title: Danijel Ljuboja

paragraphs: Danijel Ljuboja, (Serbian Cyrillic: Данијел Љубоја) (born September 4, 1978 in Vinkovci, Croatia, Yugoslavia) is a Serbian football forward who plays for Legia Warsaw.


title: Pterygota

paragraphs: Pterygota is a subclass of insects that includes the winged insects. It also includes insect orders that are secondarily wingless. That means insect groups whose ancestors once had wings but that have lost them later in evolution.

paragraphs: The Pterygota today includes almost all insects. That is because flying led to a great radiation of insect types. The groups without flight are in the Apterygota.

paragraphs: In the Pterygota, are the Palaeoptera and the Neoptera. The Palaeoptera is paraphyletic, and its classification is being discussed. Likewise the Exopterygota. There are no agreed alternatives at present, so the taxonomy is left in its traditional form.

paragraphs: The Endopterygota is made up of all the insects which have complete metamorphosis. It is agreed to be a good monophyletic clade, even though some of the details may need to be adjusted.


title: Kazuya Iwakura

paragraphs: Kazuya Iwakura (born 26 April 1985) is a Japanese football player.


title: Robert Schuman

paragraphs: Robert Schuman (29 June 1886 – 4 September 1963) was a famous French politician. Schuman was a politician with the "Mouvement Républicain Populaire" (Popular Republican Movement) party which is a French Christian Democrat party. Schuman was also an independent political thinker and activist. He was twice Prime Minister of France. He also served as Minister of Finance and Foreign Minister. He was an important person in Europe after World War 2, and worked on creating European and trans-Atlantic institutions. He is regarded as one of the founders of the European Union, the Council of Europe and NATO.


title: Neoptera

paragraphs: Neoptera is a classification group that has almost all the winged insects, mostly those that can flex their wings over their abdomens. This is in contrast with the more basal orders of winged insects, which are not able to flex their wings in this way.

paragraphs: The Neoptera can be contrasted with the Palaeoptera, the 'ancient-winged' insects, which include the Odonata, the Ephemeroptera and extinct groups such as the Palaeodictyoptera.


title: Endopterygota

paragraphs: The Endopterygota (or Holometabola), are insects of the subclass Pterygota.

paragraphs: They have complete metamorphosis. This means they go through different larval, pupal, and adult stages. The larval and adult stages differ very much in their anatomy and behavior. This is called holometabolism, or complete metamorphism.

paragraphs: They are distinguished from the Exopterygota (or Hemipterodea) by the way in which their wings develop. Endopterygota ("internal winged forms") develop wings inside the body during metamorphosis.

paragraphs: The earliest endopterygote fossils date from the Carboniferous.


title: Alvin Ceccoli

paragraphs: Alvin Ceccoli (born 5 August 1974) is an Australian football player. He has played for Australia national team.


title: Gyoji Matsumoto

paragraphs: He played one game for the Japan national football team in 1958. He played at club level for Urawa Club.

paragraphs: He later coached at Urawa Minami High School. The manga "Akakichi no Eleven" was based on his team.

paragraphs: He died of heart disease in Saitama, Saitama on September 2, 2019, aged 85.


title: Shigenari Izumi

paragraphs: Shigenari Izumi (born 30 June 1969) is a former Japanese football player.


title: David Navarro

paragraphs: David Navarro (born 25 May 1980) is a Spanish football player. He plays for Valencia.


title: Shigeki Kurata

paragraphs: Shigeki Kurata (born 22 June 1972) is a former Japanese football player.


title: Takayuki Yokoyama

paragraphs: Takayuki Yokoyama (born 22 December 1972) is a former Japanese football player.


title: Tamotsu Komatsuzaki

paragraphs: Tamotsu Komatsuzaki (born 10 July 1970) is a former Japanese football player.


Kenji Oba


title: Junji Koizumi

paragraphs: Junji Koizumi (born 11 January 1968) is a former Japanese football player.


title: Keisuke Moriya

paragraphs: Keisuke Moriya (born 11 July 1986) is a Japanese football player.


title: Yoichi Akiba

paragraphs: Yoichi Akiba (born 23 November 1983) is a former Japanese football player.


title: Yohei Sakai

paragraphs: Yohei Sakai (born 10 April 1986) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Sagamihara.


title: Stanley Smith Stevens

paragraphs: Stanley Smith Stevens (4 November 1906 – 18 January 1973) was an American psychologist. He founded Harvard's Psycho-Acoustic Laboratory and introduced Stevens' power law. He also wrote an important textbook, the 1400+ page "Handbook of Experimental Psychology" (1951).

paragraphs: He was born in Ogden, Utah to Stanely and Adeline (Smith) Stevens and educated in LDS-affiliated schools in Salt Lake City, Utah. He spent much of his childhood in the household of his grandfather Orson Smith. At the death of his parents in 1924, he spent the next 3 years on an LDS mission in Switzerland and Belgium. He attended the University of Utah from 1927 to 1929 and Stanford University for the next two years, graduating with an A.B. in psychology from Stanford in 1931. He married Maxine Leonard in 1930 and had a son, Peter Smith, in 1936.


title: Daiki Niwa

paragraphs: Daiki Niwa (born 16 January 1986) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Avispa Fukuoka.


title: Naoya Ishigami

paragraphs: Naoya Ishigami (born 2 March 1985) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Cerezo Osaka.


title: New Found Glory

paragraphs: New Found Glory (used to be "A New Found Glory") is an American rock band from Coral Springs, Florida. They formed in 1997. Founding members were lead vocalist Jordan Pundik, guitarists Chad Gilbert and Steve Klein, bassist Ian Grushka and drummer Joe Moreno. Current drummer Cyrus Bolooki replaced Moreno after only a handful of shows and the lineup has since remained unchanged. Their kind of music is said to have come from bands such as bands Green Day and NOFX, to hardcore acts like Hatebreed and Madball. The band are known for their mix of pop melodies with the energy and fast tempos of classic punk rock. Because of this, they are now widely known as a key pioneer in the fusion genre of pop punk. They are also noted for their wild live performances.


title: Anochetus goodmani

paragraphs: Anochetus goodmani is a species of ant. It has been found and described by Fisher, B. L. & Smith, M. A. in 2008.


title: Anochetus pattersoni

paragraphs: Anochetus pattersoni is species of ant. It was found on December 19, 2005 by S.M.Goodman in Seychelles. It was described by Fisher, B. L. & Smith, M. A. in 2008.


title: Anonychomyrma

paragraphs: Anonychomyrma is a genus of ants. It belongs to the ant subfamily Dolichoderinae.


title: Anoplolepis nuptialis

paragraphs: Anoplolepis nuptialis is a species of ant. It belongs to the family Formicidae. It is endemic to South Africa.


title: Marko Marin

paragraphs: Marko Marin (born 13 March 1989 in Bosanska Gradiška, SFR Yugoslavia) is a German football player. He plays for Chelsea FC and Germany national team.

paragraphs: At the age of two he and his parents came to Germany. There he started playing football in his local club SG 01 Hoechst and then with Eintracht Frankfurt. In 2006 he went to the Borussia Mönchengladbach youth academy. 2007 he signed his first professional contract with Gladbach. His debut in the first squad was on 31 March 2007 against Eintracht Frankfurt. On 24 June 2009 he was sold for € 8.5 million from Borussia Mönchengladbach to Werder Bremen.

paragraphs: Because he never was contacted by the Bosnian association he decided to play for Germany. He played for the German U21 squad and 26matches for the National football team. He was part of the 2010 FIFA World Cup squad. He came in two times as substitute.

paragraphs: The Fritz Walter medal is presented by the DFB to the three best youth players of Germany.


title: Cacau

paragraphs: Cacau (born March 27, 1981) is a German football player of Brazilian descent. He plays for VfB Stuttgart and Germany national team.


title: Sami Khedira

paragraphs: Sami Khedira (; born 4 April 1987) is a German football player. He plays for JUVENTUS and Germany national team. Khedira moved from VfB Stuttgart to Real Madrid in 2010. He is known for his aerial ability, his ability to recover the ball and quickly join the team attack with his powerful shooting.

paragraphs: Khedira was born in Stuttgart to a German mother and Tunisian father.


title: Lotus Racing

paragraphs: Lotus Racing is a Formula 1 racing team. The team was created by the Malaysian government and Proton. It started racing in 2010.

paragraphs: Lotus Racing is not the same as Team Lotus. Lotus is owned by Proton, a company that builds cars. The Malaysian government owns a large part of Proton. Lotus Racing was started by the Malaysian government to promote the Proton company and its Lotus cars. The right to use the name "Team Lotus" is owned by David Hunt. David Hunt is the brother of James Hunt. James Hunt is the 1976 F1 world champion. The only connection between the two teams is the name "Lotus".

paragraphs: The new Lotus race car is painted green and yellow. These colors are the same colors used by the oridgnal Team Lotus.


title: Kingston, Rhode Island

paragraphs: Kingston is a village in Rhode Island. The University of Rhode Island is there. Most of the village center is on the National Register of Historic Places.


title: Rot Weiss Ahlen

paragraphs: Rot Weiss Ahlen is a football club which plays in Germany. After the first relegation from the 2. Bundesliga the club was renamed from "LR Ahlen" into "Rot Weiss Ahlen", because of retirement of the main sponsor "LR International".

paragraphs: The club has its roorts in different local clubs in the early 1900s. Coalminers often played football then. In 1917, Freie Sportclub Union (FSCU) Ahlen was founded and became one of the region's best known teams. During the time of Nazi rule in Germany the club was dissolved because most of the players came from abroad. A new club, Tus Germania Ahlen, was formed in 1933. This side merged with the strong local club Wacker Ahlen to create the town's largest sports association.

paragraphs: After the Second World War the 8 local clubs formed TuS Ahlen in 1948.Leichtathletik Rasensport Ahlen was formed on 1 June 1996 when TuS Ahlen merged with Blau-Weiß Ahlen to begin play in the Regionalliga West/Südwest in 1996–97. 2009 they were relegated from the 2. Bundesliga and next season from 3rd league due to insolvency. At present they play in the NRW-Liga.


title: Vienna Declaration

paragraphs: The Vienna Declaration was a statement to reinforce the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the United Nations Charter. This led to the starting of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights. It was adopted by the World Conference on Human Rights on 25 June 1993.

paragraphs: The main principle is that "all human rights are universal, indivisible and interdependent and interrelated." (Part I para 5) This means that the international community must treat all matters about human rights both economic, social and cultural rights and civil rights equallly and with the same importance without exceptions. This phase is cited also by Declaration of Montreal, Yogyakarta Principles and Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities.

paragraphs: This Declaration aims at full realization of all human rights and freedoms without any discrimination such as racism, xenophobia, being in immigration, migrant workers, indigenous, ethnic or minority group, with tolerance and also affirm the human rights of women, child against all child abuse; child labour, child soldier, child prostitution, child pornography and any form of human trafficking, unfree prostitution, sexual slavery and against inhuman use of any weapons of war, especially the landmine, and also arrims the human rights of persons with disabilities.

paragraphs: To realize all human rights, this Declaration demands all countries to ratify fully all treaties on human rights as much as possible and to make effective legal system to give remedy for human rights violations are indispensable to democracy and sustainable development not only the fair and full realization of human rights.

paragraphs: This Declaration also affirm the universal worth of human rights, freedom and democracy and blame any terrorism, unlawful drug trade and also kidnapping as their destructions and insists international cooperation to combat against them. And this Declaration insists the international solidity and in the sprit of burden-sharing to ensure the right to political asylum according to the Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees including for Palestinian people and also insists the importance of education about international human rights law, humanitarian aid, peace, tolerance, rule of law, democracy and social justice for all at any level of educations against illiteracy.

paragraphs: This Declaration also affirm the right to develop for developing countries, especially for the poorest countries in Africa, and to promote the democracy in Africa for development but that lacking of development may not justify the violation of full human rights. And appeals to the States which do not recognize formally the Geneva Conventions, to take necessary action to realize all human rights.


title: Nihon Odai Ichiran

paragraphs: A French translation of "Nihon Ōdai Ichiran" ("Annales des empereurs du Japon") was published in 1834. It was translated by a Dutchman Isaac Titsingh ; this translation was one of very few books about Japan of the time.

paragraphs: Dutch historian Isaac Titsingh brought the seven volumes of the book with him when he returned to Europe in 1797. He returned after twenty years in Asia. Titsingh's French translation was published in 1834. The Japanese originals were lost in the 19th century wars in Europe.

paragraphs: This was the first major history of Japan to be published in the West. It was also the first history book by a Japanese writer to be published in Europe.

paragraphs: Isaac Titsingh described "Nihon odai ichiran" as a very difficult book. He thought that the translation was "a most tedious task."

paragraphs: In the 1950s, "Ōdai-ichiran" was evaluated by Japanologist John Whitney Hall who confirmed Titsingh's work is a careful translation from Japanese sources.


title: Morpheme

paragraphs: A morpheme is the smallest linguistic part of a word that can have a meaning. In other words, it is the smallest meaningful part of a word. Examples of morphemes would be the parts "un-", "break", and "-able" in the word "unbreakable".


paragraphs: Strong Bad's Cool Game for Attractive People (abbreviated SBCG4AP) is an episodic series of point-and-click adventure games developed by Telltale Games based on the Homestar Runner web cartoon and starring Strong Bad. The five episodes include Homestar Ruiner, Strong Badia the Free, Baddest of the Bands, Dangeresque 3: The Criminal Projective, and 8-Bit is Enough.


title: Strong Bad

paragraphs: Strong Bad is one of the major characters of the "Homestar Runner" series of animated Flash web cartoons. He is portrayed by Matt Chapman, the principal voice actor and co-founder of the series. Strong Bad enjoys pranking the other characters of the series, along with his ever-diligent lackey pet named "The Cheat" and his older brother Strong Mad. The main segment that Strong Bad is a part of is ""Strong Bad Email"", in which he answers emails sent to him by fans. "Strong Bad Email" has turned into several DVDs, as well as a podcast, since its first episode in 2001.

paragraphs: Strong Bad is sometimes referred to as the main antagonist of the series due to his pranks that he, Strong Mad, and The Cheat play on the other characters, and his insulting of his brother Strong Sad. He seems to be a character influenced by the American popular culture trends of the 1970s, 1980s, and 1990s,

paragraphs: such as heavy metal music and the second and third generations of video games and video game consoles. Since he is one of the site's most popular characters, merchandise has also spun off of Strong Bad, which includes t-shirts and sweatshirts sold by the website.

paragraphs: Strong Bad has been one of the series most popular characters, and has been well received. In an article by National Review Online, Strong Bad was described as "a non-stop braggart, liar, manipulator, and egotist", but also "one of the coolest characters on the Internet and the real star of Homestarrunner.com, which may be the most popular homegrown animation in the world". Segments have been spun off of his emails, including "Teen Girl Squad" a comic drawn by Strong Bad about four teenage friends.


title: Old Style and New Style dates

paragraphs: Old Style (or O.S.) and New Style (or N.S.) are terms used for calendar dates in English language historical studies, for two reasons. The first reason is that the method of dating that is most widely used around the world today, as the Gregorian calendar, was introduced into English cultures only in 1752. The second is that 1 January has not always been the first day of the year, while March 25th was the start of the year, or fiscal year, for many hundreds of years. Both of these conventions changed not very long ago, in historic terms, as just a few centuries ago. So when a date is given in a history book (or an old book), we need to know whether it is in the modern "New Style" or the traditional "Old Style". During the time of the changeover, people would give both dates. Even today, when historians are writing about an event in those times, they often give the date as it was used at the time but also give the modern equivalent for your convenience.

paragraphs: In Europe and its colonies, the Julian calendar was used traditionally. Other countries used different systems: for example China, Japan and Korea used lunisolar calendars.

paragraphs: The reason for changing the calendar was that experts in the early 1700s realised that there is a mistake in the Julian calendar, that it adds too many leap years. This meant that the date of Easter was being calculated wrongly. So they designed a new calendar that corrected this error. Pope Gregory XIII had declared that this new calendar should be used from 1582 onwards. But only Roman Catholic countries accepted this ruling: Protestant and Eastern Orthodox countries refused to have the Pope tell them what to do. So even in Europe, the change happened at different times.

paragraphs: For example, it was not until 1752 that Great Britain and its colonies changed over to the new calendar, also changing the start of the year from 25 March to 1 January at the same time. Russia changed in 1918, after the 'October' Revolution.

paragraphs: The Latin words for O.S. are "stili veteris" or "stilo vetere". These terms are used in some books worldwide. They can be shortened to "st.v".


title: Clarence S. Campbell Bowl

paragraphs: The Clarence S. Campbell Bowl is a National Hockey League (NHL) trophy awarded to the Western Conference playoff champions. The trophy is named for Clarence S. Campbell to honor his work for the NHL. He was the president of the NHL from 1946 to 1977. The trophy is a made of sterling silver. It was made by a British silversmith in 1878.

paragraphs: The trophy was first awarded in 1968 to the regular-season champions of the West Division. Starting in 1975, the trophy was awarded to the regular-season winner of the Campbell Conference. Starting in 1982, the trophy was awarded to the playoff champion in the Campbell Conference. Since 1994, the trophy has been awarded to the playoff champion in the Western Conference.

paragraphs: A traditional supersitition that is prevalent among many of today's NHL players is that no player should either touch or lift the Campbell (Western Conference champion) or Prince of Wales (Eastern Conference champion) Trophies after they have won the conference playoffs; the players feel that the Stanley Cup is the true championship trophy and thus it should be the only trophy that they should be hoisting.


title: Kangwŏn-do (North Korea)

paragraphs: Kangwŏn-do (강원도) is a province of North Korea. Its capital is at Wŏnsan. Before Korea was divided in 1945, Kangwŏn and its South Korean neighbor Gangwon-do (also spelled "Kangwon-do") was a single province. The "Diamond Mountain" is its highest part.


title: UVERworld

paragraphs: UVERworld is a Japanese pop-rock music band. They are a group of five from Shiga Prefecture.They performed live shows mainly in the Kansai area and made their Tokyo debut in late 2004, and broke out with their major debut in July, 2005. The band received New Artist of the Year in 2005 by the Recording Industry Association of Japan.


title: Shabu shabu

paragraphs: Today, there are many kinds of shabu-shabu. There is some kinds of Shabushabu. In hokkaido, there is "Takosyabu" which uses octopus. In Nagoya, there is "Torisyabu" which uses Nagoyacotin" In Toyama, there is "Sakesyabu" which uses salmon. In Kagoshima, there is ""Kurobutashabu" which use "Kagoshima black pig".


title: Yoshikazu Suzuki

paragraphs: Yoshikazu Suzuki (born 1 June 1982) is a former Japanese football player.


title: Tetsuya Oishi

paragraphs: Tetsuya Oishi (born 26 November 1979) is a former Japanese football player.


title: Benigno Aquino III

paragraphs: Benigno Simeon "Noynoy" Cojuangco Aquino III (born 8 February 1960; ) is a Filipino politician. He was the President of the Philippines from 2010 to 2016. He is also known as Noynoy Aquino or PNoy. Aquino was also a former Congressman and Senator of the Philippines. He is the son of former Senator Benigno "Ninoy" Aquino, Jr. and former President Corazon "Cory" Aquino. He is a member of the Liberal Party. He is the first Filipino president to be a bachelor. In 2013, TIME magazine named him one of the 100 Most Influential People in the World. In 2016, he was given the title "Massacre King", due to the killings in Mendiola, Hacienda Luisita, Lumad people, Mamasapano and Kidapawan.


title: Toshimasa Toba

paragraphs: Toshimasa Toba (born 16 July 1975) is a former Japanese football player.


title: Kenji Arima

paragraphs: Kenji Arima (born 26 November 1972) is a former Japanese football player.


title: Tsutomu Nishino

paragraphs: Tsutomu Nishino (born 13 March 1971) is a former Japanese football player.


title: Daiki Wakamatsu

paragraphs: Daiki Wakamatsu (born 2 August 1976) is a former Japanese football player.


title: Toshihiro Yoshimura

paragraphs: Toshihiro Yoshimura (born 28 June 1971) is a former Japanese football player.


title: Takashi Kuramoto

paragraphs: Takashi Kuramoto (born 8 August 1984) is a former Japanese football player. Kuramoto played for Oita Trinita and Mito HollyHock.


title: Hiromasa Kanazawa

paragraphs: ) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Sagamihara.


title: Kazuhiko Shingyoji

paragraphs: Kazuhiko Shingyoji (born 5 February 1986) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Blaublitz Akita.


Marcio Richardes


title: Yoichi Futori

paragraphs: Yoichi Futori (born 3 August 1982) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Gamba Osaka.


title: Ryuichi Dogaki

paragraphs: Ryuichi Dogaki (born 8 January 1988) is a former Japanese football player.


title: Naoya Shibamura

paragraphs: Naoya Shibamura (born 11 September 1982) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Gainare Tottori.


title: Patrik Berger

paragraphs: Patrik Berger (born 10 November 1973) is a former Czech football player. He has played for Czechoslovakia national team and Czech Republic national team.


title: Miguel Pallardó

paragraphs: Miguel Pallardó (born 5 September 1986) is a Spanish football player. He plays for Levante.


title: David Cerrajería

paragraphs: David Cerrajería (born 4 June 1983) is a Spanish football player. He plays for Levante.


title: Ignacio Insa Bohigues

paragraphs: Ignacio Insa Bohigues (born 9 June 1986) is a Spanish football player. He has played for Villarreal (B team).


title: Nilüfer, Bursa

paragraphs: Nilüfer is a district of Bursa Province of Turkey.


title: Vuvuzela

paragraphs: A vuvuzela is a blowing horn commonly used in soccer games in South Africa. They are also called lepatas or a stadium horn. To blow this horn, the lip and lung strength of the blower has to be strong to make a sound like a foghorn or an elephant.

paragraphs: The "vuvuzela" was originally made out of tin. It became very popular in South Africa in the 1990s. A fan of the Kaizer Chiefs FC named Freddie "Saddam" Maake says that he invented the vuvuzela. He got the idea from the aluminium 1965 bicycle horn, and after taking off the black rubber, he blew it. After that, he thought it was too short, and so he joined a pipe to make it longer. He has kept photos of himself in South African soccer games holding the aluminium vuvuzela. He says the instrument was not allowed to be used because it was thought of as a dangerous weapon. Because of this, he tried to find a plastic company that could make it safer.

paragraphs: In 2001, South Africa-based company Masincedane Sport began to sell the plastic version. Neil van Schalkwyk, the co-owner of Masincedane Sport, won the SAB KickStart Award in 2001.

paragraphs: Vuvuzelas have been said to be rooted in African history, but this is argued between many historians. South African people used to blow on a kudu horn to call villagers to a meeting. Also, there is a South African saying that "A baboon is killed by a lot of noise." Similar horns have been made for a long time by many people. A horn that looks identical to a vuvuzela is seen in Winslow Homer's woodcut "The Dinner Horn" from the 1870s.

paragraphs: In the 2010 World Cup, vuvuzelas were in the news all over the world because it was normal in South Africa for them to be blown at football matches. The world football governing body, FIFA, did not want to allow the use of vuvuzelas. This was because they were afraid that might use the instrument as a weapon and that businesses could put advertisements on vuvuzelas. However the South African Football Association (SAFA) said that vuvuzelas were important for South African games, and FIFA decided in July 2008 to let the instruments be used.

paragraphs: Some football players and audiences did not like the vuvuzelas. The Lee Dixon of the BBC Three said that the sounds were "quite ". The European broadcasters also complained to the FIFA that they could not hear the commentators because of the sound.

paragraphs: Vuvuzelas have also caused problems. With a Vuvuzela, high sound pressure levels can be reached. These are about 120 dB(A) at a distance of one metre, and about 191 db(A) next to the instrument. There have been moves to prohibit the use of vuvuzelas in certain public viewing areas, because they can damage hearing, and because their sound may be louder than that of emergency broadcasts. Demand for earplugs to protect from hearing loss during the World Cup was bigger than the available supply. Many pharmacies ran out of stock. Neil van Schalkwyk, manufacturer of the plastic vuvuzela, began selling earplugs to fans. After the World Cup 2010 vuvuzelas started to be banned in other countries. In Britain Tottenham Hotspur was the first football team to ban them in July 2010, and many other football teams have since followed. They were banned because of health and safety reasons, especially because it was said that people might not hear any safety announcements.


title: ING Group

paragraphs: ING Group, or just ING is a world wide financial company. ING started in the Netherlands. ING offers banking, investments, life insurance and retirement services.


title: Web accessibility

paragraphs: Web accessibility is how easy it is to use the internet for people with disabilities.

paragraphs: This can be different types of disabilities. For example, websites might have important information in a sound file with somebody reading it out loud, which would make it possible for people who are blind or who have trouble seeing to get the information. Another way of making a website more accessible would be to remove an image with flashing lights, because such images could give some people seizures.


title: Brachiosaur

paragraphs: Brachiosaurs are a family of sauropod dinosaurs, the Brachiosauridae. They were herbivorous quadrupeds with longer forelegs than hind legs. As a result, there is also some dispute about which animals belong within this family.

paragraphs: The largest mounted skeleton in the world is a brachiosaur, the "Giraffatitan brancai" (formerly "Brachiosaurus brancai") at the Museum für Naturkunde in Berlin, Germany.

paragraphs: Brachiosaurs first evolved in the Middle Jurassic, and died out at the end of the Lower Cretaceous, surviving for about 60 million years. The earliest known brachiosaur may be "" from the Middle Jurassic of Africa. The giant "Sauroposeidon" from North America was one of the last brachiosaurs, living just before the end of the Early Cretaceous period.

paragraphs: The name "brachiosaur" means "arm lizard", which may sound like a strange name for a four-legged animal. The family Brachiosauridae was given this name because the dinosaurs in it tended to have longer "arms" (front legs) than back legs.

paragraphs: Brachiosaurs have been featured in many works of popular culture, particularly the type genus, "Brachiosaurus". "Brachiosaurus" was featured in the 1993 film "Jurassic Park", as well as the 2000 Disney film "". The brachiosaur "Astrodon" is the state dinosaur of Maryland. It was featured in paleontologist Robert T. Bakker's novel Raptor Red, where it was portrayed as a prey item of the dromaeosaur "Utahraptor".


title: Giraffatitan

paragraphs: Giraffatitan ("giraffe titan") is a genus of sauropod dinosaurs which lived during the Upper Jurassic, about 140 million years ago. It was related to "Brachiosaurus", and was one of the largest animals known to have walked the earth.

paragraphs: Giraffatitans were about long and weighed about . They had very long necks and were well adapted for feeding on the tall conifers which were the main trees in the Jurassic forests. They lived in what is now Tanzania.

paragraphs: It was first named as an African species of "Brachiosaurus" ("B. brancai") in 1914. In 1991, George Olshevsky said there were enough differences to make its own genus, creating "Giraffatitan".


title: Level (device)

paragraphs: Level is a device used to measure true horizontal or relative heights, frequently used in surveying and construction:


title: Kiyoshi Saito

paragraphs: Kiyoshi Saito (born 11 October 1982) is a former Japanese football player.


title: Juan Luis Mora

paragraphs: Juan Luis Mora (born 12 July 1973) is a Spanish football player. He plays for Levante.


title: Alexis Ruano Delgado

paragraphs: Alexis Ruano Delgado (born 4 August 1985) is a Spanish football player. He plays for Valencia.


Yoshio Kato


title: Toyokazu Fukuda

paragraphs: Toyokazu Fukuda (born 26 December 1958) is a former Japanese football player.


title: Nobutaka Suzuki

paragraphs: Nobutaka Suzuki (born 12 September 1983) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Shonan Bellmare.


title: Ryo Kanazawa

paragraphs: Ryo Kanazawa (born 19 October 1988) is a Japanese football player. He plays for JEF United Ichihara Chiba.


title: Seiko Yamanaka

paragraphs: Seiko Yamanaka (born 22 January 1989) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Fagiano Okayama.


title: Alceu

paragraphs: Alceu (born 7 May 1984) is a Brazilian football player. He plays for Kashiwa Reysol.


Kota Morimura


Nobuyuki Abe (footballer)


title: Kei Uemura

paragraphs: Kei Uemura (born 24 September 1981) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Shonan Bellmare.


title: Takumi Shimohira

paragraphs: Takumi Shimohira (born 6 October 1988) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Gamba Osaka.


title: Shu Kurata

paragraphs: Shu Kurata (born 26 November 1988) is a Japanese football player. He plays for JEF United Ichihara Chiba.


title: Kenta Hoshihara

paragraphs: Kenta Hoshihara (born 1 May 1988) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Gamba Osaka.


title: Kim Tae-Yeon

paragraphs: Kim Tae-Yeon (born 27 June 1988) is a South Korean professional athlete. He is best known as an association football player.


title: Gakuto Kondo

paragraphs: Gakuto Kondo (born 10 February 1981) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Vissel Kobe.


title: Matthew (ship)

paragraphs: The Matthew was a caravel sailed by John Cabot in 1497 from Bristol to North America, presumably Newfoundland. After a voyage which had got no further than Iceland, Cabot left again with only one vessel, the "Matthew", a small ship (50 tons), but fast and able. The crew consisted of only 18 people. The "Matthew" departed either 2 May or 20 May 1497. She sailed to Dursey Head (latitude 51°36N), Ireland, from where she sailed due west, expecting to reach Asia. However, landfall was reached in North America on 24 June 1497. His precise landing-place is a matter of much controversy, with Cape Bonavista or St. John's in Newfoundland the most likely sites.


title: Yosuke Ishibitsu

paragraphs: Yosuke Ishibitsu (born 23 July 1983) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Vissel Kobe.


title: Takahide Kishi

paragraphs: Takahide Kishi (born 28 April 1987) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Vissel Kobe.


title: Object (grammar)

paragraphs: An object in grammar is the target of an action, and occurs in any sentence with a transitive verb. It is an element in the clause which follows the verb, as in:

paragraphs: These are direct objects. The following are indirect objects:

paragraphs: The structure of these sentences is (S/V/O/O) where S = subject, V = verb and O = object. The first object is an "indirect object", the second is a "direct object". Notice that, in the last example, you sent a letter, not your son. The sentence makes perfect sense without the indirect object.

paragraphs: An equivalent sentence to the last example is:

paragraphs: Here some grammarians also see "son" as the indirect object ("letter" is the term which cannot be left out).


title: Subject (grammar)

paragraphs: The subject in grammar is the agent (the 'doer') in an active sentence such as: "Alan kissed Jane".

paragraphs: However, there is a difficulty. The following two sentences are identical in meaning:

paragraphs: Only in the first sentence is "our children" the grammatical subject. So there is a difference between the logical subject and the grammatical subject. Also, many sentences have no subject, for instance:

paragraphs: If a sentence does have a subject, then the rest of the sentence may be called the "predicate".


title: Frigate

paragraphs: A frigate () is a warship. The term has been used for warships of many sizes and roles for a few centuries. During the age of sail they were small, agile ships that were extensively used in the American War of Independence, and later against the British. Their main use was shore defense.

paragraphs: In the modern day the term "Frigate" covers a broad range of ships. This is primarily for political reasons. The generally accepted term is of a warship less that 6, 000 dwt and greater that around 2, 000 dwt. Its primary purpose is usually anti-submarine warfare. It can also be a long range patrol vessel or in smaller navies an anti-air vessel.


title: Eugène Gigout

paragraphs: Eugène Gigout (23 March 1844 – 9 December 1925) was a French organist and composer of European late-romantic music for organ.

paragraphs: Gigout was born in Nancy, and died in Paris.

paragraphs: A student of Camille Saint-Saëns, he served as the organist of Saint-Augustin Church in Paris for 62 years. He became known as a teacher. Also, his output as a composer was large and of high quality. Renowned as an expert improviser, he also founded his own music school. His nephew-by-marriage, Leon Boëllmann, became another fine organist and composer for the organ (but died at the very young age of 35).

paragraphs: The "10 pièces pour orgue", composed in 1890, are Gigout's most famous compositions. They are the "Toccata in B minor", his best-known composition, which turns up as a common encore at organ concerts. Also fairly often performed, and to be found in the same collection, is a "Scherzo in E major".

paragraphs: Other compositions by Gigout sometimes played nowadays are "Grand Choeur Dialogué" and "Marche Religieuse". Gigout's works are now available on many commercial recordings.


title: Schola Cantorum

paragraphs: La Schola Cantorum is a private music school in Paris. It was started in 1894 by Charles Bordes, Alexandre Guilmant and Vincent d'Indy. It was to make up for the Paris Conservatoire's emphasis on opera. Its past students are many significant figures in 20 century music.


title: Voice (grammar)

paragraphs: Voice in grammar expresses the way the action (or state) that the verb expresses relates to the subject or object. In English grammar, there are two voices: active and passive. When a clause is in the active voice, the subject is the doer of the action. When a clause is in the passive voice, the subject is the receiver of the action. The active voice is much more commonly used than the passive voice.

paragraphs: In passive clauses, the object is moved to the subject position. Generally, only transitive verbs can be transformed into the passive voice, because only transitive verbs have with objects. Verbs in the passive voice are formed using the past participle of the main verb with the auxiliary verb conjugated into the appropriate tense.

paragraphs: The passive voice changes the focus from the doer (or agent) of the action onto the receiver of the action. There are many reasons to do this. Sometimes we don't know who the agent is:

paragraphs: Sometimes the receiver is more important than the agent:


title: Transitivity (mathematics)

paragraphs: In logic and mathematics, transitivity is a property of a binary relation. It is a prerequisite of a equivalence relation and of a partial order.

paragraphs: In general, given a set with a relation, the relation is transitive if whenever a is related to b and b is related to c, then a is related to c. For example:

paragraphs: Given a relation formula_1, the smallest transitive relation containing formula_1 is called the transitive closure of formula_1, and is written as formula_4.


title: Beer Sheba

paragraphs: Beer Sheba is a city on the northern edge of the Negev region in Israel. It is the home of Ben-Gurion University of the Negev.


title: Desert scorpion

paragraphs: The desert scorpion is "Hadrurus arizonensis", the largest scorpion in North America.

paragraphs: Scorpions are arachnids, with eight legs. Their body has two body parts, called abdomen and cepholothorax.

paragraphs: The desert scorpion’s habitat is the desert. It is a warm place where the hottest days can reach 120 degrees. Desert scorpions range is south west. In extreme weather conditions, the extra layer of fat under scorpion’s exoskeleton helps it to survive. It lives in sandy places in the desert like sand dunes.

paragraphs: It is a burrowing scorpion, but often found under rocks. Its diet consists of large insects, spiders, and small vertebrates. This is an aggressive and active scorpion. Like all scorpions, it is nocturnal. Also like all scorpions, the giant desert hairy scorpion gives birth to live young, which stay on the mother's back for a week or more before leaving.


title: Black widow

paragraphs: Black widows are spiders. Their scientific name is "Latrodectus mactans," and they share the "Latrodectus" name with several similar spiders (sometimes called "widow spiders). The female is shiny black and has a round abdomen with a red hourglass pattern on its underside. They are closely related to another group called "Steotoda" (sometimes called "false widow spiders) that contains species that are not dangerous to humans. All of the true widow spiders can give bites that are harmful to human beings and may kill children or people who are not in good health.

paragraphs: Female widow spiders are rather large. They have a body length of approximately 0.5 inch. The males of the widow spiders are much smaller than the females.

paragraphs: Both the widow spiders and the "Steotoda" spiders belong to a larger group that includes many kinds of spiders that make similar kinds of webs and have the same general body shape. But those spiders are not shiny black and often prefer to build their webs in sunny places.

paragraphs: Black widow spiders live in warm places all over the world. They like to build their webs in safe places under something like an overturned box sitting on the ground. Often they are found under the seats of outdoor toilets. They like to be left alone, so they rarely come inside places where people live. They only bite when they feel threatened.

paragraphs: Like other spiders, black widows bite for two reasons: to kill things to eat and to protect themselves. They catch flying insects in their webs and bite them so that they will stop fighting to get free. When people put their hands into this spider's web they might get bitten by mistake, but usually people get bitten when they squeeze a spider and the spider defends itself. Unfortunately, humans are very sensitive to the venom that the spider gives in its bite. The good thing is that widow spiders almost always run away if they can. If something big hits their web then they drop straight down to the ground and run away.

paragraphs: Black widows eat mostly flies and moths. The female black widow is infamous for eating males of its kind, hence the "widow" in black.