title: Jorge Vergara

paragraphs: Jorge Carlos Vergara Madrigal () (3 March 1955 – 15 November 2019) was a Mexican businessman and movie producer. He was born in Guadalajara. He was the founder of the company Grupo Omnilife. He owned the football club C.D. Guadalajara. Vergara was also owner of Costa Rican football team Saprissa.

paragraphs: Vergara produced movies such as "The Assassination of Richard Nixon" and the Oscar-nominated "Y Tu Mamá También" through the production company, Producciones Anhelo.

paragraphs: Vergara died on 15 November 2019 in New York City of a heart attack at the age of 64.


title: Sisterhood (2008 movie)

paragraphs: Sisterhood is a comedy feature film shot in London and Governors Bay, Christchurch, New Zealand. It was first shown in London's West End on 23 October 2008. It was shown in the first the Feel Good Film Festival in Los Angeles between 22–24 August 2008.

paragraphs: The word "film" is an alternative word for the american term "movie".

paragraphs: It starred Al Hunter Ashton in his last film role.


title: Jaani Dushman: Ek Anokhi Kahani

paragraphs: Jaani Dushman : Ek Anokhi Kahani is a 2002 Bolywoood film, starring Sunny Deol, Suniel Shetty and Akshay Kumar in lead roles.

paragraphs: Divya (Manisha Koirala) and Karan (Sunny Deol) are in love, and planning to marry. While Karan has got job, Divya is still in her college's last year, with Karan's younger step brother Vivek (Sonu Nigam). They live in the hostel with Atul (Akshay Kumar), Abdul (Arshad Warsi), Ashok (Aditya Pancholi), Prem (Aftab Shivdasani), Vijay (Suniel Shetty), Viktor (Sharad Kapoor), Niki (Upasana Singh), Nita (Rambha), Preeti (Pinky Campbell) and Rashmi (Kiran Rathod). Abdul had an habit of cracking lame jokes.

paragraphs: Rajesh (Rajat Bedi) and Madan (Siddharth Ray) once try to rape Divya, but Karan came at the right moment by smashing door to save Divya. In front of whole college both of them are humilated and they decided to avenge their humiliation.

paragraphs: Divya started listening to a call from a man named Kapil (Armaan Kohli), who is a blessed serpant, and tells Divya to be her lover in earlier birth. Divya started getting dreams of the past, when sage (Amrish Puri) cursed them that they would be seperated and will meet in 21st century, because they disturbed him in his meditation. She also comes to know that her name in previous birth was Vasundara. Vasundara died after that curse, and reborns as Divya in her new birth. She believes Kapil, but left him to attend a call from Atul. Atul told her to come to a party. When Atul's friends were planning, Divya then calls at Atul's house to say that she is not coming. However, Rajesh imitates the voice of all male members of the group and tricked her to come to an abandoned fort at wrong time. Rajesh and Madan then brutally rape her, for which she had to suicide. As she was dieing, she told Kapil to take her revange from all male memebers of the group, since she had a misunderstanding.

paragraphs: Madan is killed the same day by Kapil by poisining by his bite, while Rajesh is killed later on his wedding night by Divya's ghost.

paragraphs: Viktor, when going to Atul's party, is chased by Kapil and he kills Viktor by riding motorcycle on his neck. Kapil takes Viktor's disguise, go to the party and electrocutes lame joker Abdul to death. All of them became tensed and their Principle (Raj Babbar), who was a spiritologist, believed their innocence, and called Divya's spirit to talk with them, and dismiss the misunderstanding. However, Atul in between in anger shoted bullets at Divya and her spirit began to dissappear. Suddenly, all realised what had happened that day. Principle gave them lockets, which when on their body, save them from Divya and Kapil. Atul initially did not believed, but when the locket saved him from accident, he started believing in gods.

paragraphs: Atul started chasing Kapil in motorcycle, however his locket gets off from his body in between. He then got fatal blows from Kapil on his head. He shoted bullets at Kapil, but they had no effect on him. As he was about to lie on ground due to fatal injuries, Atul exploded a bomb on Kapil, and felled on the ground fainted, but he did not die. However, he goes into coma. The exploded body parts of Kapil came together and joined to again form Kapil.

paragraphs: Ashok and Prem both had crush on Rashmi. But Rashmi loved Prem, however Ashok was far mire powerful and rich than Prem. So, Prem used to get hit from Ashok various times to stay away from Rashmi. Divya's ghost went inside Prem and hypnotized his mind, which prompted him to hit Ashok and eventually kill him. Prem got arrested on charge of murder. Rashmi tried to free Prem by engaging a lawyer, but on the day of hearing, Kapil kidnaps Rashmi, takes Rashmi's disguise and goes to the court instead. He says all opposite things and Prem is convicted of murder by the court and is hanged.

paragraphs: Vijay is afraid to fight a boxing match against Ajay (his opponent) as he is sure that Kapil will take Ajay's disguise and kill him. But he had to fight to win Preeti, and prove his love for her. However, he wins the match because Divya had stopped Kapil from killing Vijay since she wanted to kill Vijay herself, because he was, according to her, the biggest traitor. The Principle traps Divya's ghost in a box to save Vijay, but she gets out mysteriously, goes into Vijay's body, and kills him by throwing him from a building.

paragraphs: Vivek, afraid he's next, calls his elder brother Karan to save him, but Kapil stabs him in diguise of Karan, but police arrives at the right time and real Karan is arrested by police. Kapil did this because he did not wanted to hit Karan, since he was innocent.

paragraphs: Suddenly, Atul gets conscious, but before Nita could bring doctor, he had run off on motorcycle with Vivek and was chasing Kapil. Again, locket gets off and Atul gets brutally stabbed by Kapil on his stomach. He then gets another fatal blows from Kapil. As he was about to die, he runs to the Principle, requesting him to save Vivek at any cost. Principle promises him. Saying this, Atul dies in Principle's hands.

paragraphs: Karan, with his full power, breaks the jail bars and runs from the police station to reach the place where Vivek and Kapil were fighting. He challenges Kapil and a fierce fight between the two began. However, Karan gets defeated and almost killed. Principle chants some chants, which gave Karan supernatural powers, and with his powers he finally kills Kapil. Therefore, Vivek becomes the only survivor in the killer's group and he lives happy life with Karan ever after.


title: Jubaland

paragraphs: Jubaland is the southern-most state in Somalia. It lies between Koofur Orsi and the Somali Sea. Before 1925, Jubaland was called "British Jubaland". At that time, British Jubaland was controlled by the British empire. Afterwards it was given away to Italy for 15 years. In the 21st century Jubaland was again created. The men who created Jubaland were Barre Adan Hiraale, Cabdicasiis Aganje Garamgaram, Abdulahi Faratag, Mohamed Gandhi and Maxamed Boodhe. A person from Jubaland is called a Jubalander. Some Jubalander politicians was to secede (separate) from Somalia. Puntland and Jubaland have been described as Darod states.


title: Instruction cycle

paragraphs: The instruction cycle, also known as the fetch-decode-execute cycle, is what a CPU does all the time.


title: Feel Good Film Festival

paragraphs: The Feel Good Film Festival (FGFF), also known as the Sunflower Film Festival, was held annually in Hollywood, California from 2008 to 2012. The Festival was the largest of its kind. It showed American, international, independent, and family-friendly films from all around the world. It showed films that leave the audience feeling good. The FGFF was a three-day annual event. It was held in August. Some films were short films, screenplays, or student films.

paragraphs: The word "film" is another word for the American word "movie".

paragraphs: Kristen Flores, FGFF Founder and Festival Director, started the Feel Good Film Festival in Hollywood August 22–24, 2008. Flores was quoted as saying "It isn't necessarily difficult to find feel-good films to screen. They've been looking for an outlet,". The mission of the festival is "a film viewing experience for the entire family that encourages the development, production, and distribution of short or feature length films with positive themes, happy endings, that make audiences laugh, and that capture the beauty of our world". The traditional "red carpet" was replaced with a sunburst yellow carpet in keeping with the "Feel Good" theme of sunflowers.

paragraphs: The Festival had signature "yellow" carpet entrances and international screenings. The FGFF has given awards with $100,000 of prizes. The prizes come from sponsors. These have included Panavision, Hollywood Rentals, Final Draft, Showbiz Software, New York Film Academy, Film Independent, InkTip.com, Tuff Cut Sound and MEHRNOOSH. The awards go to the Feel Good Film Festival's Best Feel Good Feature Film, Best Feel Good Short Film, and Best Feel Good Student Film. There are also Audience Awards for Best Feel Good Feature Film and Best Feel Good Short Film and awards for Best Actor, Best Actress, Best Ensemble and Best Director".

paragraphs: The FGFF has honored many celebrities, including funnyman Jonathan Winters ("Certifiably Jonathan"), Judd Apatow ("American Storage"), Oscar-winning musical star Shirley Jones ("Elmer Gantry", "Oklahoma!", Cheryl Hines ("Curb Your Enthusiasm"), Joe Ballarini ("Father vs. Son"), Hal Sparks ("Queer as Folk"), Rainn Wilson ("The Office"), Carlos Mencia (Comedy Central). Other stars include James Darren, Sally Field, Jorja Fox, Gregory Harrison, Cliff Robertson ("Accidental Icon: The Real Gidget Story"), Greta Gerwig, Iggy Pop ("Art House"), Daniel Baldwin, Orson Bean, Willie Garson, Clint Howard, Craig Sheffer ("Ashley's Ashes"), Margot Farley], Mitzi Kapture, John Saxon, Tim Thomerson ("God's Ears"), Anne Hathaway, Leeza Gibbons ("10 Mountains 10 Years"), Beth Grant ("Herpes Boy"), James Hong, Jenna Jameson, Ken Jeong, Josh Meyers, Krysten Ritter, Ian Somerhalder ("How to Make Love to a Woman"), Tim Allen, Louis C.K., Tommy Davidson, Dana Gould, Kathy Griffin, Sarah Silverman ("I Am Comic") and Elaine Hendrix ("The Cloggers"). Also Valente Rodriguez ("Happily Divorced" and Rizwan Manji ("Outsourced").

paragraphs: The Feel Good Film Festival has been recognized as a "most favorite Los Angeles Film Festival". Writer, director, and actor Michael Worth ("God's Ears"; "Jabberwock"; "CSI NY"; "Desperate Housewives") praised the FGFF as "it makes filmmakers dig deeper for more substance over style". Chris Getman created the Festival's website. It was deleted in 2012. Founding FGFF Board members included Kristen Flores, Alan Noel Vega, Natalie Chaidez, Chandler Poling, Sarah "Quigs" Quigley, and America Young; 2011–2012 FGFF Board members included Kristen Flores, Alan Noel Vega, Natalie Chaidez, Dominic Flores, John Wildman, Jenna Charles, Mr. Lawrence, Kelly Koskella, and Richard Kraft.


title: Urdish

paragraphs: Urdish (or Urglish), a portmanteau of Urdu and English, is the macaronic hybrid use of English and Urdu in Pakistan, involving code-switching between these languages where they are freely interchanged within a sentence or between sentences. The term "Urdlish" is first recorded in 1989. Other less common colloquial portmanteau words for Urdish include (chronologically): "Urglish" (recorded from 1995), "Urdlish" (1997) and "Urduish" (1998).

paragraphs: Many bilingual or multi-lingual Urdu speakers, being familiar with both Urdu and English, display code-switching in certain localities and between certain social groups.

paragraphs: On 14 August 2015, the Government of Pakistan launched the "Ilm" Pakistan movement, with a uniform curriculum in Urdish. Ahsan Iqbal, Federal Minister of Pakistan, said, "Now the government is working on a new curriculum to provide a new medium to the students which will be the combination of both Urdu and English and will name it Urdish."


title: Today

paragraphs: Today (archaically to-day) may refer to:

paragraphs: Today's date varies by local time zone and by the calendar used.

paragraphs: Today's date in some different calendars:


title: Nigel Planer

paragraphs: Nigel George Planer (born 22 February 1953) is an English actor, comedian, novelist and playwright.

paragraphs: He played Neil in the cult BBC comedy "The Young Ones" and Ralph Filthy in "Filthy Rich & Catflap". He has been in many West End musicals.

paragraphs: He won a BRIT award in 1984 and has been nominated for Olivier, TMA, What's On Stage, and BAFTA awards.

paragraphs: Planer was born in Westminster, London. He studied at the University of Sussex. He left to become an actor.

paragraphs: He is a founding member of the London Comedy Store. He is an original member of The Comic Strip. They were pioneers of the alternative comedy movement in the United Kingdom. Planer worked with Peter Richardson. They were a double act called "The Outer Limits". Planer and Richardson also wrote the "That's Life!" parody on "Not the Nine O'Clock News".

paragraphs: He went on to star in film, theatre and television. He created the spoof actor character "Nicholas Craig", with help from Christopher Douglas. The Craig character appears in book, radio, TV and articles as well as live. The character appeared at the Royal Festival Hall, London, in Stewart Lee's "At Last the 1984 show".

paragraphs: Planer is also the author of several books, plays, radio plays, and TV scripts as well as a small volume of poetry. In June 2011, he was awarded an Honorary Doctor of Arts degree from Edinburgh Napier University.

paragraphs: Planer is best known for his role as Neil, the hippie housemate in the cult BBC comedy "The Young Ones". The series ran from 1982 to 1984. He has starred in "The Comic Strip Presents...", a series of short films broadcast from 1983 onwards, as various odd outsiders.

paragraphs: In 2003, Planer played Professor Dumbledore in a Harry Potter parody, "Harry Potter and the Secret Chamber Pot of Azerbaijan". He appeared on a BBC 4 programme in the guise of "Nicholas Craig" in 2007, in which he was interviewed by Mark Lawson.

paragraphs: Planer guest-starred in "The Pale Horse", a 2010 episode of "Agatha Christie's Marple". In 2011's "The Hunt for Tony Blair", he played Peter Mandelson.

paragraphs: Planer's guest appearances include programmes such as "The Bill", "French and Saunders", "Jonathan Creek", "Blackadder III", "The Last Detective", the "Paul Merton Show", the "Lenny Henry Show", "Death in Paradise (TV series)" and Gary Wilmot's "Songs from the Shows". He also guest-starred in an episode of "This is Jinsy" entitled "Nameworm", and in the BBC series "Boomers". Planer played Matt LeBlanc's lawyer in the TV series "Episodes".

paragraphs: Leading roles on television include "Shine on Harvey Moon", "Filthy, Rich and Catflap", "The Grimleys", "King and Castle", "Bonjour La Classe" and "Roll Over Beethoven". He also starred in Michael Palin's "Number 27", Simon Gray's "Two Lumps of Ice", Emma Tennant's "Frankenstein's Baby", and "Blackeyes" by Dennis Potter.

paragraphs: His first break in the theatre was understudying David Essex as Che Guevara in the original West End run of "Evita".

paragraphs: Planer played Amos Hart in the original London cast of "Chicago".

paragraphs: He played Pop in the original West End cast of Ben Elton's Queen musical "We Will Rock You".

paragraphs: In 1990, he replaced Michael Gambon in Alan Ayckbourn's "Man of the Moment" in the West End. Leading roles followed in other productions at the Bush Theatre, the Lyric Theatre, the Traverse, the Young Vic, the West Yorkshire Playhouse, Regent's Park Open-Air Theatre, Chichester Festival Theatre, Plymouth Drum and the Hampstead Theatre.

paragraphs: In 2006, he was the narrator in "The Rocky Horror Show", taking on the role in Manchester and Bromley. He then starred as The Wizard in the original West End production of "Wicked" alongside Idina Menzel. The show opened at the Apollo Victoria Theatre on 27 September 2006. Planer ended his run on 7 June 2008 and was replaced by Desmond Barrit.

paragraphs: In 2009, he took over the role of Wilbur in the West End production of "Hairspray".

paragraphs: In 2010, Planer returned to the role of the narrator in the UK Tour of "The Rocky Horror Show", playing in Cambridge and Northampton. He reprised the role of Wilbur in Manchester and Leeds. He was in "Doctor Who: Live" touring the UK, as Vorgenson The Inter-Galactic Showman. He then played Captain Hook in Pantomime at the Lyceum Theatre in Sheffield.

paragraphs: In 2013, Planer starred as Grandpa Joe in the original production of "Charlie and the Chocolate Factory" in London's West End.

paragraphs: From September 2018 to November 2018, Planer toured with Ade Edmondson in a play that they wrote together called Vulcan 7.

paragraphs: Planer has appeared in films, including "Flood", "Virgin Territory", "Bright Young Things", "Hogfather", "The Colour of Magic", "The Wind in the Willows", "The Land Girls", "Clockwork Mice", "Carry on Columbus", "Brazil", "The Supergrass", "I Give It a Year", "The Apple Picker" and "Yellowbeard".

paragraphs: Planer played Den Dennis, one of the four members of the 1980s spoof rock band, "Bad News". They made two albums which were produced by Brian May. They also performed at the Hammersmith Apollo as well as the Donington and Reading Rock Festivals.

paragraphs: In 1984, as Neil from "The Young Ones", Planer had a number two hit single called "Hole in My Shoe". This had originally been a hit for 1960s band Traffic). A cover of Tomorrow's "My White Bicycle" was a less successful follow up, only reaching No.97 in the charts. After that, an album was produced, entitled "Neil's Heavy Concept Album". Planer also toured Neil's stage act in the "Bad Karma in The UK" tour. This culminated in a month-long run at St. Mary's Hall at the Edinburgh Festival Fringe.

paragraphs: In 1986, "The Young Ones" appeared on Cliff Richard's charity rerecording of "Living Doll". This spent three weeks at number one in the UK. Planer has a silver and a gold disc and has a Brit award from his musical career.

paragraphs: In 2015 he started a new music project called Rainsmoke with Chris Wade, of Dodson and Fogg, and Roger Planer.

paragraphs: In 2017 he recorded two songs for the album "Wit & Whimsy - Songs by Alexander S. Bermange". One he performed solo and one featured all of the album's 23 artists. It reached No. 1 in the iTunes comedy album chart.

paragraphs: Planer is the main reader for the audiobook editions of many of Terry Pratchett's "Discworld" novels. He also appeared in the television adaptations of both "Terry Pratchett's Hogfather" and "The Colour of Magic", and performed as a voice artist in the games "Discworld 2" and "Discworld Noir".

paragraphs: Planer was the narrator of "Grizzly Tales for Gruesome Kids", the title character of "Romuald the Reindeer", and Dr. Marmalade in an episode of "SpongeBob SquarePants" (alongside Young Ones co-stars Christopher Ryan and Rik Mayall).

paragraphs: Planer has also been the narrator of many of BBC Four's "Britannia" series of documentaries, including "Prog Rock Britannia", "Blues Britannia" and "Heavy Metal Britannia".

paragraphs: Planer voiced Frodo in "The Adventures of Tom Bombadil" from the 1992 radio series "Tales from the Perilous Realm". He was a narrator in a direct-to-video version of Val Biro's "Gumdrop" book series in 1994. He also narrated two short surreal monologues on the album "In A Strange Slumber", by Dodson and Fogg, Chris Wade's progressive folk rock project.

paragraphs: Planer narrated as a thirty-something Adrian Mole in the radio adaptation of "Adrian Mole: The Cappuccino Years".

paragraphs: In 2018, he voiced the character of Henry Davenant Hythe in the Big Finish Productions original production, Jeremiah Bourne in Time, which he also wrote.

paragraphs: His television comedy and satire work includes:

paragraphs: He has published several books including the novels "The Right Man" (2000) () and "Faking It" (2003) (). Planer also wrote "A Good Enough Dad" (1992) () after his first son was born, talking about coping with becoming a father.


title: Virtue, Liberty and Independence

paragraphs: Virtue, Liberty, and Independence is the state motto of :Pennsylvania. The motto of Pennsylvania was officially adopted in the year 1875. The meaning of the Pennsylvania State Motto reflects the attitude and hope of the people of New York following the outbreak of the War Of Independence in 1775-1783.


title: Walton County, Georgia

paragraphs: Walton County is a county in the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2010 census, 83,768 people lived there. The county seat is Monroe. It is part of the Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Roswell, GA Metropolitan Statistical Area.


title: Ambazonia

paragraphs: Ambazonia is an unrecognized state in west-central Africa. It borders the Cameroon to the east, Nigeria to the west.


title: Samuel Ikome Sako

paragraphs: Samuel Ikome Sako is the current president of Ambazonia.


title: Flag of Ambazonia

paragraphs: The flag of Ambazonia is the national flag of Ambazonia.


title: Soar (platform)

paragraphs: Soar is an online Earth maps and imagery platform that allows users to search, view, and download imagery sourced from a variety of different satellite, aerial, and drone sensors.

paragraphs: Soar was founded in 2017 after the defence and security applications behind the platform were released for civilian use. Soar was publicly launched in August 2019.

paragraphs: Soar allows users to select an area of interest (AOI) where they can view and download near real-time ESA Sentinel-2 and NASA Landsat-8 satellite imagery. Smartphone users accessing Soar online are additionally able to view imagery from NASA MODIS and JMA Himawari-8.

paragraphs: In October 2019 Soar announced a partnership with China’s state-owned satellite imaging company, China Siwei Surveying and Mapping Technology Co. Ltd – thereby enabling their enterprise customers to order imagery from SuperView-1 at 50cm per pixel resolution with fast turn-around times.

paragraphs: Drone pilots have the functionality to upload and monetize their mapping content, providing both the pilot with a fixed commission whilst at the same time seeding Soar's 'super-map' with additional data.

paragraphs: Soar stores drone imagery metadata—including location, altitude, time, and equipment used—on a public blockchain.


title: Ballon D'Or

paragraphs: The Ballon d'Or (French pronunciation: [balɔ̃ dɔʁ]; "Golden Ball") is an annual football award presented by "France Football". From 2010-15, it was presented by FIFA. Now FIFA has its own annual award called the "Best FIFA Men's Player". From when it began until 2007, only European players were eligible to win the award. From 2007 onwards, any professional player worldwide can win.


title: User experience

paragraphs: User experience is a term that is used for all impressions and feelings a user has when interacting with a product or service. It is often used in the context of graphical user interfaces, and the questions relating to their design. User experience commonly has different aspects:


title: Jimmy Nail

paragraphs: James Michael Aloysius Bradford (born 16 March 1954), known as Jimmy Nail, is an English singer-songwriter, actor, film producer, and television writer. He is known for his role as Leonard "Oz" Osborne in the hit television show "Auf Wiedersehen, Pet", his title role in "Spender", and his 1992 number one single, "Ain't No Doubt".

paragraphs: James Michael Aloysius Bradford was born in Newcastle upon Tyne. His father is called Jimmy and his mother is Laura. His father was a shipyard worker, an amateur boxer, and professional footballer. His sister, Shelagh, died aged 20 when he was 13. He later spent time drinking and fighting. He was involved in a fight after a football match and was sent to prison. After being released he worked in a glass factory. While opening a crate of glass he stood on a six-inch spike that went through his foot. After this he was called "Nail". He later used "Nail' as his professional surname. At that time he played guitar in a rock band called the King Crabs. His sister, Val McLane, was a successful actress and later became Head of Drama at Sunderland University.

paragraphs: Nail's partner, Miriam, encouraged him to audition for a television show even though he had no experience as an actor. He won the role of Leonard Jeffrey "Oz" Osborne in "Auf Wiedersehen, Pet", an ITV comedy drama about construction workers working abroad in Germany. The show made him famous.

paragraphs: After the first two series of "Auf Wiedersehen, Pet", Nail created the detective series "Spender". He co-wrote it with Ian La Frenais. The show ran for three series from 1990 to 1993.

paragraphs: In 1994, Nail created, wrote and starred as songwriter Jed Shepherd in the TV series "Crocodile Shoes".

paragraphs: In 2000 he began work on reviving the "Auf Wiedersehen, Pet" series, this time for the BBC. It was filmed in Middlesbrough and Arizona in 2001. It was shown on TV in 2002 and had 13 million viewers. Another series saw the brickies in Cuba. The final two-hour instalment was set in Laos. It was shown on Christmas 2004 snd had seven million viewers.

paragraphs: In 2008, Nail created and starred as Phil Parker in "Parents of the Band". The series was shown on BBC1. It revolves around a group of teenagers who form a band just for their own fun, but their parents expect them to be the next Led Zeppelin. Ratings were disappointing, around three million, and there was no second series.

paragraphs: His 1992 album "Growing Up in Public" featured Gary Moore, David Gilmour, Elliot Randall and George Harrison.

paragraphs: His 1994 album "Crocodile Shoes" was based on the BBC television series of the same name. The album sold more than one million copies in the UK.

paragraphs: His 2001 album "Big River" featured guitarist Mark Knopfler. It included cover versions of "Walking on the Moon" by the Police, "Something" by the Beatles, and "Overjoyed" by Stevie Wonder.

paragraphs: Nail sang on the film soundtracks for "Evita" and "Still Crazy".

paragraphs: With Tim Healy, Nail created the Sammy Johnson Memorial Fund, in memory of their friend and colleague, established to help young talent in North East England. To aid this, he participated in the "Sunday for Sammy" benefit concerts, until workload forced him to resign from the board. In 2020 it will be the concerts’ 20th anniversary.

paragraphs: In 2005, Nail played gamekeeper "Rabbetts" in "Danny, the Champion of the World", based on the novel of the same name by Roald Dahl.

paragraphs: In 2014, Nail came out of retirement to act and sing in "The Last Ship", a musical by Sting about the shipbuilders of Newcastle-upon-Tyne, the hometown of both Nail and Sting. Sting grew up in Wallsend, down the street from the shipyards. Nail worked in the shipyards and is the son of a shipyard foreman. The show opened in Chicago. On Broadway, when ticket sales began to drop, Sting replaced Nail to try to save the musical, but it ended after a short run. Nail sang on the Original Broadway Cast Recording and on Sting's album, "The Last Ship".

paragraphs: In 2016, Nail played Parson Nathaniel in "War of the Worlds" alongside David Essex at the Dominion Theatre, London.

paragraphs: In 2018, Nail had been due to reprise his role in The Last Ship in the UK. The show's producer Karl Sydow stated: "After protracted negotiations carried out in good faith, we regret to announce the production's offer of employment to Jimmy Nail has been withdrawn. Joe McGann replaced him. Nail said "I was very much looking forward to appearing in Sting's The Last Ship, particularly here in my home city, Sadly that's not to be."

paragraphs: In 2004, Nail successfully sued News Group Newspapers and Harper Collins Publishers. The lawsuit concerned false and defamatory allegations made two years before in an article in the "News of the World" and "Nailed", a biography which was the newspaper's source for the claims. He described reading the article as one of the worst experiences of his life. He received damages of £30,000.

paragraphs: Nail has received five BAFTA nominations. Three for "Auf Wiedersehen, Pet', one for "Spender", and one for "Crocodile Shoes". He has received a Golden Globe nomination for Best Original Song – "Still Crazy". He has had an Ivor Novello nomination for "Ain't No Doubt".

paragraphs: Nail married Miriam Jones. They have two boys, Tommy and Freddie, and live in London.


title: Jimmy Nail discography

paragraphs: This is a discography of works by Jimmy Nail. Since 1985, the British musician has released seven studio albums, twenty three singles and other works. This article also covers his work with the musician Mark Knopfler.


title: The Iron Giant

paragraphs: The Iron Giant is an 1999 Warner Bros. movie.


title: George Santayana

paragraphs: Jorge Agustín Nicolás Ruiz de Santayana y Borrás (December 16, 1863–September 26, 1952), also known as George Santayana, was a Spanish American academic, philosopher, essayist, poet, and novelist.

paragraphs: Santayana was born on December 16, 1863 in Madrid. He spent his early childhood in Ávila.

paragraphs: He attended Harvard University, where he studied with William James and Josiah Royce.

paragraphs: He earned a Ph.D. at Harvard in 1889. He also studied in Berlin and Cambridge.

paragraphs: Santayana taught philosophy at Harvard. Some of his students were T. S. Eliot, Robert Frost, Gertrude Stein, Walter Lippmann, and W. E. B. Du Bois.

paragraphs: Santayana influenced many others, including Bertrand Russell.

paragraphs: In a summary based on writings by and about Santayana, OCLC/WorldCat lists roughly 1,040+ works in 2,980+ publications in 22 languages and 90,830+ library holdings.


title: Luigi Pirandello

paragraphs: Luigi Pirandello (Agrigento 28 June 1867 – Rome 10 December 1936) was an Italian playwright, novelist, and short story writer. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1934, for his "bold and brilliant renovation of the drama and the stage". Pirandello's works include novels, hundreds of short stories, and about 40 plays, some of which are written in Sicilian. Pirandello's tragic farces are often seen as forerunners for Theatre of the Absurd.


title: Al Harrington

paragraphs: Albert "Al" Harrington (born February 17, 1980 in Orange, New Jersey) is an American professional basketball player. He plays for the NBA's Denver Nuggets. The forward stands six feet nine inches (2.06 m), and weighs 250 pounds (113 kg).

paragraphs: At only 18 years of age, Al was selected by the Indiana Pacers. He was the 25th pick of the 1998 NBA Draft. On July 15, 2004, Harrington was traded to the Atlanta Hawks for Stephen Jackson. After the 2005–06 NBA season he became a free agent. For the 2006–07 season he went with the Pacers again.

paragraphs: On January 17, 2007, Harrington was traded to the Golden State Warriors along with teammates Stephen Jackson, Šarūnas Jasikevičius, and Josh Powell for Troy Murphy, Mike Dunleavy, Ike Diogu, and Keith McLeod. On November 21, Harrington was traded to the New York Knicks for guard Jamal Crawford. On July 15, 2010, Al Harrington signed a contract with the Denver Nuggets


title: Andrew Bogut

paragraphs: Andrew Michael Bogut (born 28 November 1984) is an Australian professional basketball player. He plays for the Golden State Warriors of the National Basketball Association (NBA).

paragraphs: He is 7 feet tall. He went to the University of Utah for college. Bogut was selected first overall by the Milwaukee Bucks in the 2005 NBA Draft. Bogut is the first Australian player to be drafted number one overall. He was also the second Utah player to be drafted number one overall.

paragraphs: On March 13, 2012, Bogut, along with Stephen Jackson, was traded to the Golden State Warriors in exchange for Monta Ellis, Ekpe Udoh and Kwame Brown.


title: Egyptian plover

paragraphs: The Egyptian plover is a wader. It is the only member of the genus "Pluvianus".

paragraphs: It is sometimes called the crocodile bird. This is because of a story dating to Herodotus. In the story the crocodiles lie on the shore with their mouths open. The plovers fly into the crocodiles' mouths to feed on bits of meat between the crocodiles' teeth. There is no evidence of this actually happening.

paragraphs: The Egyptian plover lives in tropical sub-Saharan Africa. It breeds on sandbars in large rivers. Its two or three eggs are buried in warm sand. It feeds by pecking for insects. The call is a high-pitched "krrr-krrr-krrr".


title: Clandestine cell system

paragraphs: A clandestine cell system is a way of organising a group of people so that it is kept secret. This is so the group are better able to resist infiltration or discovery by an enemy. If a person only knows the others in the person's cell, then they cannot betray the others outside of his or her cell, either accidentally, or under interrogation. The cell can range from a strict hierarchy of people to a team of people. It is used by spy agencies, criminal organisations and guerilla and terrorist groups.


title: Boston (card game)

paragraphs: Boston is a trick-taking card game played by 4 people. It is thought to have started in France in the 1770s. The game is similar to Whist. It is a strategy game. Each game takes about 25 minutes to play.

paragraphs: American Boston is a different way to play the game. It is for 4 players in two partnerships with 2 packs of 52 cards.


title: Paul Krugman

paragraphs: Paul Robin Krugman (born February 28, 1953) is an American economist and 2008 winner of the Nobel Prize in Economics.

paragraphs: Krugman was born to a Jewish family in Albany, New York.

paragraphs: He was awarded B.A. in economics from Yale University in 1974.

paragraphs: He earned a Ph.D. from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in 1977.

paragraphs: From 1982 to 1983, he spent a year working at the Reagan White House as a staff member of the Council of Economic Advisers.

paragraphs: Krugman taught at Yale, MIT, University of California, and Stanford University. He is still teaching at the City University of New York, the London School of Economics, and Princeton University. He is also a columnist for "The New York Times".

paragraphs: The Nobel Prize in Economics was awarded to Krugman in 2008.

paragraphs: In a summary based on writings by and about Santayana, OCLC/WorldCat lists roughly 470+ works in 1,500+ publications in 24 languages and 44,600+ library holdings.


title: Boston Navy Yard

paragraphs: The Boston Navy Yard was one of the oldest shipbuilding places in the United States Navy. It was first called the Charlestown Navy Yard and later Boston Naval Shipyard. It was started in 1801. It was officially closed as an active naval yard on July 1, 1974. It still has the ship the USS "Constitution" docked there. The USS "Cassin Young", a World War II-era destroyer, is there and is a museum ship.


title: Gotye

paragraphs: Wouter "Wally" De Backer (born 21 May 1980), better known as Gotye (pronounced ), is a Belgian-Australian multi-instrumental musician and singer-songwriter.

paragraphs: Gotye's 2011 single "Somebody That I Used to Know" with Kimbra was Number 1 on the Billboard Hot 100. He has won 12 ARIA Awards, three Grammys and a nomination for an MTV EMA for Best Asia and Pacific Act.

paragraphs: Gotye is bilingual, speaking both Dutch and English, and also speaks some Japanese, which he studied at University.


title: Pick and roll

paragraphs: The pick and roll, also known as a ball screen or screen and roll, is a play in basketball. A player stops in front of a defender to block, then goes around and receives a pass from a teammate. In the NBA, the play started to be used in the 1990s. It is now used very often.


title: Moral hazard

paragraphs: Moral hazard is a term used in economics. Nobel laureate Paul Krugman explains moral hazard as "any situation in which one person makes the decision about how much risk to take, while someone else bears the cost if things go badly."

paragraphs: In other words, a "moral hazard" is a situation where the possible costs of a risky action are not borne by the one taking the risk.

paragraphs: "Moral hazard" is a kind of reverse incentive (perverse incentive).

paragraphs: The term "moral hazard" was first used in the 17th century. The "moral" in "moral hazard" was understood to mean "subjective". It was not used in a way that has anything to do with ethics.

paragraphs: In the 1960s, economists used the term to describe inefficiencies that occur because of information asymmetry. In economics, "moral hazard" as a special kind of market failure.


title: Tsukushi Province

paragraphs: , also known as , was a very old province of Japan, in the area of Chikuzen and Chikugo provinces. This province was located within Fukuoka Prefecture.


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title: Ann Rutherford

paragraphs: Therese Ann Rutherford (November 2, 1917 – June 11, 2012), known as Ann Rutherford, was a Canadian-American actress in television, radio and movies. She playied Polly Benedict during the 1930s and 1940s in the Andy Hardy series. She played Scarlett O'Hara's sister in the movie "Gone With the Wind" (1939).


title: Maurice Papon

paragraphs: Maurice Papon (September 3, 1910 - February 17, 2007) was a French civil servant. He led the police in major prefectures and in Paris during the Nazi Occupation of France and into the 1960s. In 1998 he was convicted of crimes against humanity. This was because he helped in making more than 1600 Jews move to concentration camps during World War II. He died of congestive heart failure.


title: Ashikaga shogunate

paragraphs: The , also known as the , was a feudal Japanese feudal military government. The heads of government were the shoguns. Each was a member of the Ashikaga clan.

paragraphs: These years are known as the Muromachi period. The period takes gets its name from the district in Kyoto where the Ashikaga shoguns lived.

paragraphs: In 1336, the Ashikaga Takauji and the Ashikaga clan established a military government in Kyoto.


title: Weiyang District

paragraphs: Weiyang District (, pinyin: Wèiyāng Qū) is in the north of Xi'an, Shaanxi, China. Xianyang Municipality is to the west and north. Lianhu District and Xincheng District are to the south. Baqiao District is to the east. The name is from Weiyang Square. The district covers . As of November 2010, 806,811 people live there.


title: Baqiao District

paragraphs: Baqiao District (, pinyin: Bàqiáo Qū) is a district in the eastern part of Xi'an, Shaanxi, China. The main work there is spinning. Its name is from Ba River. It covers . As of November 2010, 595,124 people live there.


title: Dario Fo

paragraphs: Dario Fo (Sangiano 3 March 1926 – 13 October 2016) was an Italian playwright, theatre actor and composer. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1997. It highlighted him as a writer "who emulates the jesters of the Middle Ages in scourging authority and upholding the dignity of the downtrodden".

paragraphs: His plays often depend on improvisation, "Commedia dell'arte" style. Fo owned and operated a theatre company with his wife, actress Franca Rame. His most famous works are "Mistero buffo" and "Accidental Death of an Anarchist".

paragraphs: Fo died on 13 October 2016 at a hospital in Milan, Italy from a serious lung disease, aged 90.


title: Lianhu District

paragraphs: Lianhu District (, pinyin: Liánhú Qū, meaning Lotus lake District) is a district of Xi'an, Shaanxi, China. It is in the center, a little northwest of Xi'an. Its name is from Lianhu park. The Xi'an government is also here. The district covers . As of November 2010, 698,513 people live there.


title: Perverse incentive

paragraphs: A perverse incentive is an incentive that creates an unplanned and unwanted result. The outcome is not helpful or contrary to the interests of the incentive makers. Perverse incentives are a type of unintended consequences.


title: Flounder

paragraphs: Flounder are a group of flatfish species. They live at the bottom of coastal lagoons and estuaries of the Northern Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. When flounder are hatched they have one eye on each side of its head. As they grow one eye moves until they have both eyes on the same side of the head.

paragraphs: Flounder feed at soft muddy areas of the sea bottom, near bridge piles, docks and coral reefs. They have been found at the bottom of the Mariana trench, the deepest known ocean canyon. Swiss scientist Jacques Piccard and US Navy Lt. Don Walsh reached a depth of . They were surprised to discover flounder about 30 cm long.

paragraphs: A flounder's food is mainly fish spawn, crustaceans, polychaetes and small fish. Flounder normally grow to a length of , and as large as . Their width is about half their length.


title: Tecnológico de Antioquia

paragraphs: Tecnológico de Antioquia - University Institution (TdeA), also known as Tecnológico de Antioquia, is an institution of higher education in Colombia, located in the department of Antioquia, which offers technical training programs, technological, professional and advanced training university . Its headquarters are located in the city of Medellín. Currently Tech is considered one of the best colleges of Colombia.


title: Rossendale Valley

paragraphs: The Rossendale Valley (also called the "Forest of Rossendale") is an area North West England, in Lancashire. The area is in Rossendale. It is made up of the steep valleys of the River Irwell and its tributaries. These flow from the Pennines. They then go south into Greater Manchester. They cut through the open moorland. The area has a lot of these, even though a long time ago they were called "forests".

paragraphs: There are two Marilyns in the hills. These are Hail Storm Hill and Freeholds Top.

paragraphs: The geology of the area is layers of gritstone, coal and sand and gravel left behind by glaciers. These rocks were cut by rivers, the Irwell and its tributaries, to make steep valleys. These are 600 feet high. Woodland on the steep slopes includes remnants of ancient woodland but other areas are more recently planted.

paragraphs: The Rossendale Valley is recognised by the steep valley of the River Irwell and its tributaries. Textile mills and chimneys and gritstone houses are what most buildings are. Roads are mostly found in the narrow valley.

paragraphs: The valley was part of the medieval Forest of Rossendale. People living there in the Middle Ages would have been in "booths" or farmsteads and movement into the forest would have turned them into small hamlets.


title: Herc's Adventures

paragraphs: Herc's Adventures is a puzzle video game released for the PlayStation and the Sega Saturn by LucasArts Entertainment in 1997. While the PlayStation release was international, the Sega Saturn version was exclusive to North America.


title: Evolutionary grade

paragraphs: An evolutionary grade is a group of species at the same level of organisation.

paragraphs: It refers to a group of animals or plants which are very similar, but which are not a clade. They have a similar morphological or physiological complexity, and they are often adapted to the same way of life.

paragraphs: The term was coined by Julian Huxley, to contrast with clade, which is a strictly phylogenetic unit. The use of 'grade' as a term in biology was strongly supported by Ernst Mayr, who also pointed out that the term had been used for some time before cladism.

paragraphs: An evolutionary grade is a group of species united by similarities. These similarities led to their being given a name. But now to be a clade, the whole group from the first known member to the present day must be included.

paragraphs: The most commonly cited example is that of reptiles. In the early 19th century, tetrapods were put in the four familiar classes of amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals. In this system, reptiles are defined by traits such as laying cleidoic eggs, having skin covered in scales or scutes, and having a 'cold-blooded' metabolism.

paragraphs: However, we now know that amphibia gave rise to early egg-laying amniotes. These gave rise to sauropsids (the ancestors of reptiles and birds) and synapsids (the ancestors of mammals. 'Reptile' is just a common term for those sauropsids which survived to the present day, minus the birds. As an everyday word, everyone understands it. But as a modern "scientific" term, it is no longer good, and is less used.

paragraphs: Paraphyletic and polyphyletic taxa often represent evolutionary grades. In some cases paraphyletic taxa are united simply by not being part of any other groups, and give rise to so-called wastebasket taxa.


title: Flag of Belgium

paragraphs: The national flag of Belgium has three equal vertical bands of black, yellow, and red. The colours were taken from the colours of the Duchy of Brabant.


title: Kumaso Province

paragraphs: Komaso is part of the tale of Yamato Takeru which is recorded in the "Kojiki." The history of Komaso started and ended before the Taihō Code was established at the beginning of the 8th century.


title: Coat of arms of Belgium

paragraphs: The coat of arms of Belgium has a lion as its charge. It is called the Leo Belgicus, Latin for the Belgian lion. The colors used are red, yellow and black, the same as on the flag. The motto is "Unity makes strength".


title: Unity makes strength

paragraphs: "Unity makes strength" (, ; ; ) is the national motto of Belgium. It was also taken on by Bulgaria and Haiti.

paragraphs: The motto was first used in 1550. It came from the Latin phrase "concordia res parvae crescunt" (small states flourish by concord). The new Dutch Republic took over the phrase as its motto. It was on several of its coins and coats of arms.

paragraphs: The French were in the Netherlands from 1795 to 1813, first as the Batavian Republic then the Kingdom of Holland. Early on the national motto was changed to "Gelykheid, Vryheid, Broederschap" (Equality, Liberty, Fraternity). From 1802 to 1810 'Unity makes strength' was used again. In 1816, it switched to the House of Orange motto 'Je maintiendrai'.

paragraphs: The motto was chosen by the Republic of Haiti after the revolution and subsequent independence of the slaves of the French colony of Saint-Domingue in 1803. The newly created state of Haiti became officially independent on January 1st,1804 following the capitulation of the French troops at the Battle of Vertieres of November 18,1803. The coat of arms of the republic of Haiti carries the french version of the motto "L'Union fait la force". The Republic of Haiti is often referred to as the world's First Black Republic.

paragraphs: The motto was used by Belgium after its Revolution of 1830. It was first only in its French form "L'union fait la force".

paragraphs: The motto of Brooklyn, a borough of New York City started by Dutch settlers, is still "Eendraght maeckt maght". The motto "Eendragt maakt magt" also appears on the badge of the police force of Holland, Michigan.

paragraphs: After Ferdinand of the House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha took over the throne of the Principality of Bulgaria, the country started to use Belgium's motto of "L'union fait la force" (in Bulgarian: Съединението прави силата). Although "Unity makes strength" meet in various projects on the coat of arms of Bulgaria in the post-liberation years, it officially became part of it only in 1927. After 1948, the motto dropped from the new Dimitrov Constitution, but remained on the facade of the National Assembly. Following the changes in 1989 and the adoption of a new Constitution of Bulgaria in 1991, the motto has been restored.

paragraphs: On 17 January 1852 the United Kingdom, ruler of the Cape Colony, made the South African Republic free. "Eendragt maakt magt" was the motto on the new state's shield. In 1888 the republic decided Dutch was its official language.

paragraphs: An early design of the coat of arms used between 1948 and 1963 used a variation of the motto, "Unity is Strength". It was in both English and Jawi. After three more states were added into the federation in 1963, the English motto of the arms was replaced by a rough Malay translation, "Bersekutu Bertambah Mutu" (literally "Unity Improves Quality"). The Jawi motto remained unchanged.


title: Belgians

paragraphs: Belgians are people from the Kingdom of Belgium, a federal state in Western Europe.


title: Monarchy of Belgium

paragraphs: Monarchy in Belgium is constitutional and popular in nature. The monarch is the head of state. The Monarch is officially called King of the Belgians. The current leader is Philippe I. Leopold of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha was the first King of the Belgians. To date all have belonged to the House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha.

paragraphs: This is a list of Belgian monarchs since 1831.


title: Prime Minister of Belgium

paragraphs: This is a list of Prime Ministers of Belgium.


title: Belgian Federal Parliament

paragraphs: The Belgian Federal Parliament is a bicameral parliament. It has the Chamber of Representatives and the Senate. It sits in the Palace of the Nation.

paragraphs: The number of seats in the Chamber is 150. They are elected from 11 districts. The districts are divided along linguistic lines: 5 Flemish (79 seats), 5 Walloon (49 seats), and the bilingual district of Brussels-Halle-Vilvoorde (22 seats).

paragraphs: To be elected a person must be at least 21 years old, have Belgium citizenship, and live in Belgium.

paragraphs: Till the general elections of 2014, the Senate had 71 members. There were four categories of senators: directly elected senators, community senators, co-opted senators and senators by right. Co-opted senators were 10 representatives elected by the first two groups of senators. Senators by right were the children of the current monarch.

paragraphs: Since 2014, the Senate has 60 members. There are only two categories of senators: community senators (50) and co-opted senators (10).

paragraphs: Eligibility requirements for the Senate are the same as for the Chamber.


title: AFC U-22 Asian Cup

paragraphs: The AFC U-22 Asian Cup is a football competition between the best international under-22 teams in Asia. It is ran by the Asian Football Confederation. The teams are selected based on good performances in the qualification matches.

paragraphs: The competition format in the 2013 tournament is:

paragraphs: The host country will be rotated by regions: the region for the first tournament will be decided by draw.


title: Francesco Maria Piave

paragraphs: Francesco Maria Piave (18 May 1810 – 5 March 1876) was an Italian writer. He wrote the librettos (the story and words) for many operas. He is most famous for the librettos he wrote for operas composed by Giuseppe Verdi.

paragraphs: Piave was born in Murano, an island in Venice. At first, he studied to be a Catholic priest. He stopped studying to be a priest and went to Rome. In Rome, he studied philosophy and writing. He wrote poems and stories for newspapers but he is most famous for his opera librettos. He wrote more than 60 librettos. The first one was for Giovanni Pacini's opera, ' in 1842. In 1844, he wrote the libretto for Verdi's opera "Ernani". Piave and Verdi became very good friends, For twenty years, they wrote many letters to each other. Piave wrote nine more opera librettos for Verdi. The last libretto he wrote for him was '.

paragraphs: Piave also worked as a stage director (someone who decides how plays and operas are performed). He worked as a stage director for the Teatro La Fenice in Venice. Later (1859), he worked as a stage director at La Scala in Milan. In 1867, Piave had a stroke (a problem in the brain caused by lack of blood). He lived for eight more years, but he could not move or speak. Verdi gave money to help Piave's wife and family. In 1876, Piave died in Milan. Verdi paid for his funeral.


title: Chang'an District

paragraphs: Chang'an District (, pinyin:Cháng'ān Qū) is a district of Xi'an, Shaanxi, China. It is in the south part of Xi'an. Yanta District and Xianyang Municipality are to the north. Shangluo Municipality and Ankang Municipality are to the north. Lantian County is to the east. Huyi District is to the west. The southeast part of Chang'an District is higher than northwest part. From north to south is , from east to west is . The district covers . As of November 2010, 1,083,285 people lived there.

paragraphs: On June 2, 2002. Chang'an County was renamed to Chang'an District.


title: Yanliang District

paragraphs: Yanliang District (, pinyin:Yánliáng Qū) is a district of Xi'an, Shaanxi, China. Its name is shortened from "Luyan Liangshan" (闾阎良善, meaning "good for living place"). It is in northeast of Xi'an, and from the center of Xi'an. Weinan Municipality is to the east and north. Xianyang Municipality is to the west. Lintong District is to the south. It is famous for making airplanes. It is far from center of Xi'an, but its economy is good. The district covers . As of November 2010, 278,604 people lived there.


title: Video game collecting

paragraphs: Video game collecting is the hobby of collecting video games and related things. It may be connected with animation, movies or comic books collecting. Collectors may focus on collecting some type of things, such as retro consoles. Collecting video games differs from other hobbies, because the collectible is interactive. So it can be enjoyed as long as it still functions. Nostalgia plays a large role, as those who grew up with a certain generation of games may have stronger appreciation for them.


title: Alexis Reich

paragraphs: Alexis Valoran Reich (born 11 December 1964) is an American transwoman formerly known as John Mark Karr who in 2006 falsely confessed to the murder of JonBenét Ramsey. She used to be a school teacher. In 2010 she went through a hormone-replacement surgery and she currently lives as a woman.


title: Prägraten am Großvenediger

paragraphs: Prägraten am Großvenediger is a village in the district of Lienz in Tyrol in Austria. More than 1,300 People live there. Most of the 180,36 km² large area is mountainous.


title: Toyo Province

paragraphs: The history of the province started and ended before the Taihō Code was established at the beginning of the 8th century.

paragraphs: According to the "Nihongi", the Aka clan was established in Toyo during the reign of Emperor Ankan.


title: Aristarkh Lentulov

paragraphs: Aristarkh Lentulov (4 January 1882 15 April 1943) was a major Russian avant-garde artist who also worked on set designs for the theatre. His work shows strong influences of fauvism and cubism.

paragraphs: Aristarkh Lentulov was born in Penza Oblast, 625 kilometers (388 mi) southeast of Moscow, into the family of a country priest. He studied art in the Penza and Kiev art schools from 1897 to 1905. Then he went to the private studio of Dmitry Kardovsky in St Petersburg in 1906.

paragraphs: He lived in Moscow from 1909, and he was one of the founders of the avant-garde Jack of Diamonds group.

paragraphs: From 1910 to 1911 Lentulov studied at the Le Fauconnier studio and the La Palette Academy in Paris. While there, he met contemporary French painters such as Albert Gleizes, Jean Metzinger, Fernand Léger and Robert Delaunay. He took in the fauvists' and cubists' principles, and developed his own colourful style of painting. Later, after his return to Russia in 1912, he became a big influence on what became Russian futurism. Wassily Kandinsky and Kazimir Malevich were both influenced by him.

paragraphs: From pre-revolutionary times, Lentulov was actively involved in various theatrical projects. He designed sets for the Kamerny Theatre 1916) and for a production of Scriabin's "Prometheus" in the Bolshoi Theatre in 1919.

paragraphs: In 1928 Lentulov entered into the Society of Moscow artists, and became chairman of the Society. He also started teaching at the Russian State Art and Technical School.

paragraphs: Lentulov died in Moscow and is buried in the Vagankovo Cemetery.


title: Curve (album)

paragraphs: Curve is the eighth studio album by Canadian alternative rock band, Our Lady Peace. "Curve" was released on April 3, 2012. Canadian heavyweight boxer George Chuvalo is featured on the cover of the album and vocal excerpts from him are also featured on the album's final track "Mettle". The band started recording the album six months after the release of their seventh studio album, "Burn Burn". "Curve" debuted at #9 on the Canadian Albums Chart.


title: Wimbledon (movie)

paragraphs: Wimbledon is a 2004 British romantic comedy-drama movie. It was directed by Richard Loncraine. It stars Paul Bettany as Peter Colt and Kirsten Dunst as Lizzie Bradbury. They are tennis players who meet at the Wimbledon Championships at which they are both competing. Sam Neill plays Lizzie's father Dennis Bradbury.


title: Forest Whitaker

paragraphs: Forest Steven Whitaker (born July 15, 1961) is an American actor, producer, and director. He has been known to study characters for movies like "Bird" and "", and for playing Jon Kavanaugh on "The Shield". Whitaker won an Academy Award for playing Ugandan dictator Idi Amin in the 2006 film "The Last King of Scotland". Whitaker has also won a Golden Globe and a BAFTA.


Wimbledon


Chelsea


title: David Vamplew

paragraphs: David Vamplew (born 1 September 1987, Fife, Scotland) is a professional poker player. He has earned nearly 3 million dollars in tournaments, with over 4 million total career earnings. Vamplew lives in Edinburgh, Scotland. He got a degree in maths from Edinburgh University in 2009.

paragraphs: The first time he won money in a professional tournament was for 106th-place finish in the 2010 World Series of Poker. He earned $2,500. He won the championship of the European Poker Tour in London, 2010. For this win, he earned $1.400,00. The next day, he won the UK & Ireland Poker Tour "Champion of Champions" title.

paragraphs: In the 2013 World Series of Poker, he came 2nd for $342,450 in event 2, losing heads-up to Trevor Pope, 16th in event 45 for $7,697, and 2nd in event 53 for $413,157 losing again heads-up to Brett Shaffer.


title: Rikkokushi

paragraphs: , also romanized Rokkokushi, is a general term for Japan's six earliest national histories. These six books chronicle the mythology and history of Japan from the earliest times to AD 887.

paragraphs: The six histories were written at the Imperial court during the eighth and ninth centuries. These works include


title: Belgian Revolution

paragraphs: The Belgian Revolution was the secession of the Southern provinces from the United Kingdom of the Netherlands. It made an independent Kingdom of Belgium.

paragraphs: The people of the southern part of the United Kingdom of the Netherlands were mostly Roman Catholic and the elite was French-speaking. They did not like the Protestant King William I's rule, or that he had revoked certain special privileges granted to the Catholic Church.

paragraphs: On August 25, 1830 riots started in Brussels and shops were looted. There was an opera playing about liberty of the fatherland, and the theatre-goers joined the rioters. The King sent troops to stop the riots.

paragraphs: A battle took place in Brussels. The French came to support the breakaway province of Belgium. Belgium won the battle and became an independent country. Leopold I was made "King of the Belgians" in 1831. It took until 1839 for the Dutch to say Belgium was independent. They signed the Treaty of London.


title: United Kingdom of the Netherlands

paragraphs: The United Kingdom of the Netherlands (1815–1839) is the unofficial name used for the Kingdom of the Netherlands. This was after it was first made from part of the First French Empire and before the new Kingdom of Belgium split off from it in 1830. Most of it is still today the Kingdom of the Netherlands. It was made up of the former Dutch Republic to the north, the former Austrian Netherlands to the south, and the former Prince-Bishopric of Liège. The House of Orange-Nassau were the monarchs.

paragraphs: The United Kingdom of the Netherlands ended after the 1830 Belgian Revolution. William I, King of the Netherlands did not recognize a Belgian state until 1839. He was made to sign the Treaty of London. Only at this time were borders agreed.


title: Alan McDonald

paragraphs: Alan McDonald (Belfast, 12 October 1963 – Lisburn, 23 June 2012) was a Northern Irish footballer and manager. He played in the Northern Ireland national football team, and scored one goal, against Denmark. He died suddenly on 23 June 2012.


title: Game Oriented Assembly Lisp

paragraphs: Game Oriented Assembly Lisp (or GOAL) is a video game programming language developed by Andy Gavin and Naughty Dog. It was written using Allegro Common Lisp and used in the development of "Jak and Daxter" series of games.

paragraphs: GOAL's first use was for the "" game. Earlier, the Game Oriented Object Lisp (GOOL) was also developed by Andy Gavin for "Crash Bandicoot" game.


title: Treaty of London (1839)

paragraphs: The Treaty of London of 1839 was a treaty signed on 19 April 1839 between the European great powers, the United Kingdom of the Netherlands and the Kingdom of Belgium. It is also known as the First Treaty of London, the Convention of 1839, and the London Treaty of Separation.

paragraphs: This treaty was needed because the Netherlands would not sign the 1831 'Treaty of the XXIV Articles'. This treaty said that Belgium was its own country. It confirmed the independence of the German speaking part of Luxembourg. The most important part of the treaty was that Belgium should always be neutral. Also, those who signed the treaty would have to protect Belgium if it was attacked.

paragraphs: The treaty is said to be a part of the cause of World War I. When the German Empire invaded Belgium in August 1914, the UK declared war only days later on 4th August.


title: Telephone numbers in Belgium

paragraphs: A telephone number in Belgium is nine or ten digits dialed on a telephone to make a call. Belgium is under a closed telephone numbering plan. It keeps the trunk code, '0', for all national dialling.

paragraphs: Area codes in Belgium are one or two digits long. All Belgian telephone numbers dialed in Belgium must use the leading '0' trunk code.

paragraphs: From outside Belgium, a caller would dial their international call prefix (typically 00 in Europe and 011 in North America), followed by 32 (the country code for Belgium), then the area code minus the trunk code '0', and finally the local number.

paragraphs: Mobile/GSM area codes always begin with 04xx and the subscriber number is six digits long.


title: Solo concerto

paragraphs: The solo concerto is a concerto that includes a single soloist, with accompaniment from the entire orchestra. It originated in the Baroque period, and remained throughout the years to be popular among many composers. Although it is not true for many solo concerti, it could be said that the genre typically has three movements, the first and the last being fast-paced and lively, broken up by a more lyrical, slower second movement.

paragraphs: Giuseppe Torelli was one of the first composers to write solo concerti, written in 1698; however Vivaldi could be credited to making the three-movement form as typical of this genre. Later, Handel wrote many solo concerti for different types of soloist, as before then they had mainly been only for violin.

paragraphs: The Classical period then used solo concerti to great effect, and developed to make the solos more virtuosic. Many of Beethoven’s and Mozart’s more famous works were solo concerti.

paragraphs: The early Romantic period had many solo concerti, written by well-known composers such as Mendelssohn, and were not too different from those of the classical era. However, later in this period, the solos became even more virtuosic, meaning that only brilliant players could ever play them. Along with this, the structures and textures became denser, helped by the excessive size that was commonplace during the era.

paragraphs: Finally, 20th century music carried on the rich works of the Romantic era. However, when neoclassic genres came about, many classical-style solo concerti were written once again.


title: Phidias

paragraphs: Phidias (circa 480 BC430 BC), was a Greek sculptor, painter and architect. His Statue of Zeus at Olympia was one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. He also designed the statues of the goddess Athena on the Acropolis. These were the "Athena Parthenos" inside the Parthenon and the "Athena Promachos", a bronze statue of Athena near the entrance to the Acropolis.

paragraphs: Phidias was twice indicted for stealing some of the costly materials used in the construction of his two great statues: at Athens, he was accused of taking some of the ivory from the Athena Parthenos; at Olympia, of stealing some of the gold of Zeus' cloak. A false witness against Phidias testified. Phidias died in prison.


title: Gallia Belgica

paragraphs: Gallia Belgica, which means "Belgian Gaul" in Latin, was a Roman province. Different parts of it are in several countries today, including Belgium, Luxembourg, a big part of northern France, and part of the Rhineland in Germany, which is the part of Germany west of the Rhine River.

paragraphs: The people who lived in Gallia Belgica were called the Belgae. They were a group of tribes within the bigger country called Gaul, which covered all of modern France. According to Julius Caesar, the Belgae were different from the other Gauls. He said that the border between Belgica and the main Celtic part of Gaul was the Marne and the Seine rivers and that the border with Germania was the Rhine river. It is no longer certain what language or languages were spoken in Gallia Belgica, but historians know there was an influence of both Celtic and Germanic languages.

paragraphs: The area was conquered in 57 BC by Julius Caesar. Emperor Diocletian changed the Gaulish provinces around 300 AD. He split Belgica into two provinces: Belgica Prima and Belgica Secunda. Belgica Prima had Treveri (Trier) as its main city and was the eastern part. The border between Belgica Prima and Belgica Secunda was along the River Meuse.

paragraphs: In 406 AD, the Vandals, Burgundians and other tribes crossed the Rhine. They defeated the Gaulish forces. Belgica Secunda became in the 5th century the center of Clovis' Merovingian kingdom and during the 8th century the heart of the Carolingian Empire.


title: Belgae

paragraphs: The Belgae were a group of tribes living in northern Gaul. They were on the west bank of the Rhine, in the 3rd century BC. Later they were also in Britain, and possibly even Ireland. They gave their name to the Roman province of Gallia Belgica, and very much later, to the modern country of Belgium.

paragraphs: The Belgae came to Britain as raiders and settled in southern Britain shortly before the Romans came. They occupied the area later called Hampshire.


title: Carolingian Empire

paragraphs: Carolingian Empire (800–888) is a historiographical term for the realm of the Franks under the Carolingian dynasty in the Early Middle Ages. This dynasty is seen as the predecessor of modern day France, Austria and Germany. Its beginning date is based on the crowning of Charlemagne, or Charles the Great, and ends with the death of his descendant Charles the Fat. This Empire can be seen as the later history of the Frankish Realm or the early history of France and of the Holy Roman Empire.


title: 2013 AFC U-22 Asian Cup

paragraphs: The 2013 AFC U-22 Asian Cup is a football tournament for players under the age of 22. It will be held in 11 - 26 January. All the Asian under-22 football teams can compete.


title: Middle Francia

paragraphs: Middle Francia was a Frankish kingdom formed by the Treaty of Verdun in 843. It divided the Carolingian Empire among the sons of Louis the Pious. Between the realms of East and West Francia, Middle Francia was the Frankish territory between the rivers Rhine and Scheldt.

paragraphs: Middle Francia was the part of the Frankish Empire that fell to Lothair I. He was the eldest son and successor of Emperor Louis the Pious. Because of Lothair's Imperial title, Middle Francia had the imperial cities of Aachen, the residence of Charlemagne, as well as Rome.

paragraphs: In 855, Emperor Lothair I again split his realm amongst his sons. He gave the Kingdom of Italy with Rome to his eldest son, Louis II the Younger, crowned emperor since 850. Most of the lands north of the Alps went to Lothair II. Provence and Burgundy went to Charles.

paragraphs: Unlike East and West Francia, Middle Francia was a kingdom only a short time. Over the next centuries its lands were added into the Holy Roman Empire.


title: West Francia

paragraphs: West Francia, also known as the West Frankish Kingdom or Francia Occidentalis, was a short-lived kingdom. It was the lands of the western part of the Carolingian Empire. They came under the control of Charlemagne's grandson, Charles the Bald, as a result of the Treaty of Verdun of 843.

paragraphs: The Frankish Empire was the great realm united by Charlemagne that was a large part of Western Europe. It was split after a three-year-long civil war between his grandsons (840-843). Charles the Bald and his half-brother Louis the German went against his brother Lothair I.

paragraphs: The Carolingian Empire of the Franks founded by their grandfather lasted only one generation through their father Louis the Pious. His realm was split into East Francia, West Francia or the Western Realm, and Middle Francia. The West Frankish Kingdom is the start of both medieval France and modern France.

paragraphs: In 987 Hugh Capet, Duke of France and Count of Paris, started the Capetian dynasty. The Valois and Bourbon houses ruled France for more than 800 years.


title: Timeline of Burgundian and Habsburg acquisitions in the Low Countries

paragraphs: Around the 13th and early 14th century, many Dutch cities became important. They played a major role in the political and economical affairs of their fiefs.

paragraphs: The Flemish cities gained powers over their county. When Louis II, Count of Flanders, died without a male heir, these cities (Bruges, Ypres and Ghent) arranged a marriage between his daughter and the Duke of Burgundy. By doing this, they set in motion events that led to the Burgundian and, in 1478, the Habsburg Netherlands.

paragraphs: Politically the Burgundian and Habsburg periods were very important to the Dutch. This is because the various Dutch fiefs were now united politically into one single group. The period ended in great turmoil. There was the rise of Protestantism, the policies of the Habsburg Empire, and other factors resulted in the Dutch Revolt and the Eighty Years' War.


title: Burgundian Netherlands

paragraphs: In the history of the Low Countries, the Burgundian Netherlands means a number of Imperial and French fiefs. These were ruled in personal union by the House of Valois-Burgundy and their Habsburg heirs in the period from 1384 to 1482. The area was large parts of present-day Belgium and the Netherlands, as well as Luxembourg and parts of northern France.

paragraphs: The Burgundian dukes who ruled the Netherlandish territories were:

paragraphs: House of Valois, territorial Dukes of Burgundy

paragraphs: House of Valois, titular Duchess of Burgundy

paragraphs: House of Habsburg, titular Dukes of Burgundy (see Habsburg Netherlands)


Lovelace


title: Dutch Republic

paragraphs: The Dutch Republic — officially known as the Republic of the Seven United Netherlands, the Republic of the United Netherlands, or the Republic of the Seven United Provinces — was a republic in Europe. It was a confederacy of provinces,from 1581 to 1795. It came before the Batavian Republic, the United Kingdom of the Netherlands and the modern Netherlands (now a part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. Alternative names include the United Provinces, Federated Belgic Provinces, and Belgic Federation.

paragraphs: Although it was called a republic, its Stadtholders became a heredity dynasty.


title: Southern Netherlands

paragraphs: The Southern Netherlands, also called the Catholic Netherlands, were part of the Low Countries. They were controlled by Spain (1556–1714), Austria (1714–94) and added into France (1794–1815). This area was most of modern Belgium, the Imperial Abbey of Stavelot-Malmedy, the County of Bouillon and Luxembourg, and in addition some parts of the Netherlands, as well as, until 1678, most of the present Nord-Pas-de-Calais region in northern France. The Southern Netherlands were part of the Holy Roman Empire until it was added to France.

paragraphs: The northern seven provinces, led by Holland and Zeeland, started their independence as the United Provinces after 1581. The southern Netherlands were reconquered by the Spanish general Alexander Farnese, Duke of Parma. The Southern Netherlands passed to the Austrian Habsburgs after the War of the Spanish Succession in the early 18th century. After the French Revolutionary Wars they were joined with the northern Netherlands. They were made a single kingdom under the House of Orange at the 1815 Congress of Vienna. The south-eastern third of Luxembourg Province was made into Luxembourg. In 1830 the mostly Roman Catholic southern half became independent as the Kingdom of Belgium.


title: Habsburg Spain

paragraphs: Habsburg Spain means the history of Spain over the 16th and 17th centuries (1506–1700). This was when Spain was ruled by the major branch of the Habsburg dynasty. Under Habsburg rule (mostly under Charles I and Philip II), Spain reached the height of its influence and power. The Hapsburgs had land including the Americas; the East Indies in Asia; the Low Countries, territories now in France and Germany in Europe. From 1580 to 1640 they had the Portuguese Empire; and various other lands such as small enclaves like Ceuta and Oran in North Africa. Habsburg Spain was, for well over a century, the world's greatest power. For this reason, this period of Spanish history has also been called the "Age of Expansion."

paragraphs: Among the most outstanding figures of this period were Diego Velázquez, El Greco, Miguel de Cervantes, Teresa of Ávila, Pedro Calderón de la Barca, Francisco de Vitoria, Domingo de Soto and Francisco Suárez.


title: Campaigns of 1794 in the French Revolutionary Wars

paragraphs: The French Revolutionary Wars continued from 1793 with few changes. France fought the First coalition.

paragraphs: In the Alps, there was little change. The French invasion of Piedmont failed. On the Spanish border, the French under General Dugommier came from their defensive positions at Bayonne and Perpignan, to move the Spanish out of Roussillon. They invaded Catalonia. Dugommier was killed in the Battle of the Black Mountain in November.

paragraphs: On the northern front in the Flanders Campaign, the Austrians and French both prepared in Belgium. The Austrians went towards Mons and Maubeuge. The French got ready on multiple fronts. There were two armies in Flanders under Pichegru and Moreau. Jourdan attacked from the German border. The French had damage in the Kortrijk, Tourcoing and Fleurus in June. The French armies drove the Austrians, British, and Dutch beyond the Rhine. Then they moved into Belgium, the Rhineland, and southern Holland.

paragraphs: On the middle Rhine front in July General Michaud's Army of the Rhine tried two offensives in July. This sector of the front was largely quiet over the course of the year.

paragraphs: At sea, the French Atlantic Fleet was able to hold off a British attempt to stop an important cereal convoy from the United States. In the Caribbean, the British fleet landed in Martinique in February, and in

paragraphs: By the end of the year French armies had won victories on all fronts.


title: French First Republic

paragraphs: The French First Republic was formed on 22 September 1792, by the newly made National Convention. The First Republic lasted until the First French Empire in 1804 under Napoleon I. This time is characterized by the fall of the monarchy, the making of the National Convention and the infamous Reign of Terror, the founding of the Directory and the Thermidorian Reaction, and finally, the making of the Consulate and Napoleon’s rise to power.


title: First French Empire

paragraphs: The First French Empire, also known as the Greater French Empire or Napoleonic Empire, was the empire of Napoleon I of France. It was the main power of most of continental Europe during the early 19th century.

paragraphs: Napoleon became Emperor of the French on 18 May 1804. He was crowned Emperor on 2 December 1804. This ended the time of the French Consulate. He won early military victories in the War of the Third Coalition against Austria, Prussia, Russia, Portugal, and allied nations. The Treaty of Tilsit in July 1807 ended two years of bloodshed on the European continent.

paragraphs: The next wars, known as the Napoleonic Wars, grew France over much of Western Europe and into Poland. At its biggest in 1812, the French Empire had 130 départements, ruled over 44 million people, and had a large military in Germany, Italy, Spain, and the Duchy of Warsaw. The introduction of the Napoleonic Code through the continent increased legal equality, made jury systems, and legalized divorce. Napoleon placed relatives on the thrones of several European countries. He gave many noble titles, most of which went away after the empire fell.

paragraphs: Napoleon abdicated in 11 April 1814. The Empire was briefly brought back during the Hundred Days period in 1815 until Napoleon's defeat at the Battle of Waterloo. It was followed by the Bourbon Restoration monarchy of the House of Bourbon. Louis XVIII of France became the new ruler.


title: Leopold I of Belgium

paragraphs: Leopold I ("Leopold George Christian Frederick"; "Prince of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld", later "Prince of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha", "Duke of Saxony"; 16 December 1790 – 10 December 1865) was from 21 July 1831 the first King of the Belgians. This was following Belgium's independence from the Netherlands. He was the founder of the Belgian line of the House of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha. His children included Leopold II of Belgium and Empress Carlota of Mexico. He was also an uncle of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom.

paragraphs: He was born in Coburg and died in Laeken.


title: Railway Station Bananal

paragraphs: Railway Station Bananal, building is a historical and tourist city Bananal, state São Paulo, Brazil. Built in 1888, is the only specimen of steel construction the Belgium in the Americas.


title: Guy Ritchie

paragraphs: Guy Ritchie (born 10 September 1968) is a British movie director. He was born in Hatfield, Hertfordshire.

paragraphs: Ritchie's movies are: "Lock, Stock and Two Smoking Barrels", "Snatch", "Swept Away", "Revolver", "RocknRolla", "Sherlock Holmes" and "".

paragraphs: Ritchie had a son with Madonna in August 2000. They were married from December 2000 until they divorced in December 2008. He lives with model Jacqui Ainsley (born 1981). The couple have a son, who was born in September 2011.


title: Berlin Conference

paragraphs: The Berlin Conference (or "Congo Conference") of 1884–85 made rules for European colonization and trade in Africa. It was called for by Portugal and organized by Otto von Bismarck. The conference met during the Scramble for Africa, a time with more colonial activity by European powers. Africans were not invited. It ended most existing forms of African autonomy and self-governance, assuring that the European powers would not have to fight among themselves for dominance.

paragraphs: The General Act fixed the following points:

paragraphs: By 1902, 90% of all the land that makes up Africa was under European control.


title: Kinokawa, Wakayama

paragraphs: The city was founded on November 11, 2005. The towns of Kishigawa, Kokawa, Momoyama, Naga and Uchita all combined to form the city.

paragraphs: Kokawa Temple (Kokawa-ji) is a popular sightseeing spot in Kinokawa.

paragraphs: Kishi Station in the city has a cat as the stationmaster named Tama. Tama is a calico cat.


title: Electorate of the Palatinate

paragraphs: The Electorate of the Palatinate was a territory and elector-ship of the Holy Roman Empire from 915 to 1803, ruled by the Elector of the Palatinate.


title: Ruanda-Urundi

paragraphs: Ruanda-Urundi was a part of German East Africa. Belgian troops invaded during World War I. The military occupation lasted from 1916 to 1924 when the territory came under Belgian rule. In 1964 it became the independent states of Rwanda and Burundi.


title: Districts of Prussia

paragraphs: Prussian districts were administrative units in the former Kingdom of Prussia. They were part of the German Empire from 1871 to 1918, and its successor state, the Free State of Prussia. They were similar to a county or a shire. They were made from 1815 to 1818 to be between the higher provinces and the lower municipal governments. They served as a model for the present-day districts of Germany


title: Eupen-Malmedy

paragraphs: Eupen-Malmedy, or the East Cantons is a group of cantons in Belgium. They are the former Prussian districts of Malmedy and Eupen, together with the Neutral Moresnet. French-speaking Belgians also once called them the "Redeemed Cantons". These territories were added to Belgium in 1920 by the Versailles Treaty.


title: Battle of Belgium

paragraphs: The Battle of Belgium or Belgian Campaign was part of the greater Battle of France. This was an offensive campaign by Germany during the Second World War. It took place over 18 days in May 1940. It ended with the German occupation of Belgium following the surrender of the Belgian Army.

paragraphs: The Allied Armies tried to stop the German Army in Belgium. They thought it was the main German attack. After the French had fully committed the best of the Allied Armies to Belgium between 10 and 12 May, the Germans went towards the English Channel. The German Army reached the Channel after five days. They encircling the Allied Armies. The Germans forced the Allies back to the sea. The Belgian Army surrendered on 28 May 1940, ending the battle.

paragraphs: The Battle of Belgium included the first tank battle of the war. It was the largest tank battle in history up to that date. The battle also included the Battle of Fort Eben-Emael, the first strategic airborne operation using paratroopers.

paragraphs: Belgium was occupied by the Germans until the winter of 1944–1945. It was freed by the Western Alliance.


title: Leopold III of Belgium

paragraphs: Leopold III (born as "Léopold Philippe Charles Albert Meinrad Hubertus Marie Miguel"; 3 November 1901 25 September 1983) was King of the Belgians from 1934 until 1951. He left the throne and his son Baudouin became King.

paragraphs: Leopold III went to the throne of Belgium on 23 February 1934 following the death of his father, King Albert I.

paragraphs: Crown Prince Leopold fought as a private during World War I while still a teenager. He was sent by his father to Eton College in the United Kingdom, in 1915. After the war, in 1919, he went to St. Anthony Seminary in Santa Barbara, California. He married Princess Astrid of Sweden in Stockholm on 4 November 1926.

paragraphs: On 29 August 1935, the King and Queen were driving along the winding, narrow roads near their villa at Küssnacht am Rigi, Schwyz, Switzerland on the shores of Lake Lucerne. Leopold lost control of the car which plunged into the lake, killing Queen Astrid and her unborn fourth child.

paragraphs: Leopold married Lilian Baels on 11 September 1941 in a secret, religious ceremony. It was not valid under Belgian law.

paragraphs: In 1944, Heinrich Himmler ordered Leopold deported to Germany. Princess Liliane followed the next day under an SS armed guard. The Nazis held the family in a fort at Hirschstein in Saxony from June 1944 to March 1945, and then at Strobl, Austria.

paragraphs: Leopold was freed by the United States in early May 1945. Because of the controversy about his conduct during the war, Leopold III and his wife and children were unable to return to Belgium. They spent the next six years in exile at Pregny-Chambésy near Geneva, Switzerland. A regency under his brother Prince Charles had been made by the Legislature in 1944.

paragraphs: On his return to Belgium in 1950, Leopold was met with one of the most violent strikes in the history of Belgium. The country stood on the edge of civil war. Belgian banners were replaced by Walloon flags in Liège and other municipalities of Wallonia. To avoid tearing the country apart, and to keep the monarchy, Leopold decided on 1 August 1950 to withdraw in favour of his 20-year-old son Baudouin.

paragraphs: In retirement, he followed his passion as an amateur social anthropologist and entomologist and travelled the world. He went, for instance, to Senegal and he explored the Orinoco and the Amazon with Heinrich Harrer.

paragraphs: Leopold died in 1983 at Woluwe-Saint-Lambert.


title: Seventeen Provinces

paragraphs: The Seventeen Provinces were a personal union of states in the Low Countries in the 15th century and 16th century. The lands were about the same as the current Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, a good part of the North of France (Artois, French Flanders), and a small part of Western Germany.

paragraphs: The Seventeen Provinces were first held by the Dukes of Burgundy of the House of Valois. Later they were held by the Habsburgs. From 1512 the Provinces formed the major part of the Burgundian Circle.

paragraphs: The map matches to the following provinces:

paragraphs: It was not always the same "Seventeen" Provinces.


title: Prince-Bishopric of Liège

paragraphs: The Bishopric of Liège or Prince-Bishopric of Liège was a state of the Holy Roman Empire in the Low Countries in present Belgium. It got its status as a prince-bishopric between 980 and 985. Bishop Notger became Prince-Bishop after he received secular control of the County of Huy from the emperor .

paragraphs: The Prince-Bishopric belonged from 1500 on to the Lower Rhenish-Westphalian Circle. It was headed by the Prince-Bishop of Liège. Its land included most of the present Belgian provinces of Liège and Limburg, and some exclaves in other parts of Belgium and the Netherlands. The capital was Liège. It was added into France in 1795.


title: Egide Charles Gustave Wappers

paragraphs: Egide Charles Gustave, Baron Wappers (23 August 1803 Antwerp – 6 December 1874 Paris) is best known as the Belgian painter Gustave Wappers

paragraphs: He studied at the Royal Academy of Fine Arts in Antwerp, and during 1826 in Paris. The Romantic movement with its new ideas about art and politics was happening in France. Wappers was the first Belgian artist to use this form. His first painting, "The Devotion of the Burgomaster of Leiden," appeared at the right time. It had much success in the Brussels Salon during 1830, the year of the Belgian Revolution.

paragraphs: Wappers was invited to the court at Brussels. In 1832 the city of Antwerp made him Professor of Painting.

paragraphs: He showed his masterpiece, "Episode of the Belgian Revolution of 1830" at the Antwerp Salon in 1834. He was then made painter to Leopold, King of the Belgians. At the death of Matthieu-Ignace Van Brée in 1839 he was raised to director of the Antwerp Academy. One of his students was Ford Madox Brown, another was the Czech history painter Karel Javůrek.

paragraphs: He has many works. Some of them in traditional devotional modes, while others show the Romantic view of history.

paragraphs: After retiring as director of the Antwerp Academy, he lived in 1853 in Paris. He died in 1873.


title: Royal Museums of Fine Arts of Belgium

paragraphs: The Royal Museums of Fine Arts of Belgium is one of the most famous museums in Belgium.

paragraphs: The museums are in the capital of Brussels in the downtown area on the Coudenberg. There are four museums. Two of them, the Museum of Ancient Art and the Museum of Modern Art, Brussels, are in the main building. The other two, the Constantin Meunier Museum and the Antoine Wiertz Museum, are dedicated to specific Belgian artists. They are much smaller and are a few kilometers from the city center.

paragraphs: The Royal Museum has over 20,000 drawings, sculptures, and paintings, which date from the early 15th century to the present. The museum has a large collection of Flemish painting, among them paintings by Bruegel and Rogier van der Weyden, Robert Campin, Anthony van Dyck, and Jacob Jordaens. The museum is also proud of its "Rubens Room", which houses more than 20 paintings by the artist.

paragraphs: The main building, which now houses the "Museum of Ancient Art", was built as the Palais des Beaux-Arts. It was designed by Belgian architect Alphonse Balat and paid for by King Leopold II. The building was completed in 1887.


title: Capuchin monkey

paragraphs: Capuchin monkeys are a subfamily of New World monkeys, the Cebinae. They are native to Central and South America. There are only two genera: "Cebus" and "Sepajus". "Cebus" has the gracile capuchins, and "Sepajus" has the robust capuchins.

paragraphs: Capuchin monkeys are active during the day and generally live and travel through trees.

paragraphs: Capuchin monkeys live in Central America and South America. They make their home in trees, traveling during the day and sleeping in the trees at night.

paragraphs: Capuchins live in groups of 10 to 40 members. These groups consist of related females and their offspring, as well as several males. Usually groups are dominated by a single male. The Capuchins in a group will groom each other and vocalize to communicate. The Capuchin group will be protective of its territory, marking a central area of their territory with urine and defending it against intruders.

paragraphs: Females bear young every two years following a 160 to 180 day gestation. The young cling to their mother's chest until they are larger, when they move to her back. Adult male capuchins rarely take part in caring for the young. Within four years for females and eight years for males, juveniles become fully mature. In captivity, individual capuchins have reached an age of 45 years, although life expectancy in nature is only 15 to 25 years.

paragraphs: Capuchins are the most intelligent New World monkeys. The tufted capuchin uses tools in a similar way to chimpanzees. It is one of the few examples of primate tool use other than by apes.

paragraphs: When they see macaws eating palm nuts, cracking them open with their beaks, capuchins select a few of the ripest fruits. They nip off the tip of the fruit and drink down the juice, then seemingly discard the rest of the fruit with the nut inside. When these discarded fruits are hardened and brittle, the capuchins gather them up. Then they take them to a large flat boulder where they already have a few stones from a river. They use these stones to crack open the fruit to get to the nut inside. Young capuchins watch this process to learn from the more experienced adults. It may take a capuchin up to 8 years to master this skill.

paragraphs: During the mosquito season, they crush millipedes and rub the result on their backs. This acts as a natural insect repellent.

paragraphs: One experiment suggest they can distinguish between seeing and knowing, but this is not entirely accepted.

paragraphs: Capuchin monkeys can be recognized as the "organ grinder" or "greyhound jockey" monkeys. Capuchins are sometimes kept as exotic pets. Sometimes they plunder fields and crops and are seen as troublesome by nearby human populations. In some regions they have become rare due to the destruction of their habitat.

paragraphs: They are also used as service animals, sometimes being called "nature's butlers." Some organizations have been training capuchin monkeys to assist quadriplegics as monkey helpers in a manner similar to mobility assistance dogs. After being socialized in a human home as infants, the monkeys undergo extensive training before being placed with a quadriplegic. Around the house, the monkeys help out by doing tasks including microwaving food, washing the quadriplegic's face, and opening drink bottles.

paragraphs: Capuchin monkeys are the most common featured monkeys in the movies "Outbreak", "" (and its sequels), "Zookeeper", "George of the Jungle", and "The Hangover Part II". Ross Geller (David Schwimmer) on the NBC sitcom "Friends" had a capuchin monkey named Marcel. Crystal the Monkey is the famous monkey actress.

paragraphs: The diet of the capuchins is more varied than other 'New World' monkeys such as spider monkeys. They are omnivores, eating not only fruits, nuts, seeds, and buds, but also insects, spiders, birds' eggs, and small vertebrates. Capuchins living near water will also eat crabs and shellfish by cracking their shells with stones.

paragraphs: Capuchins are darkly black or brown except for the face, throat and chest, that are white coloured. They reach a length of 30 to 56 cm (12–22 in), with tails that are just as long as the body.


title: Lintong District

paragraphs: Lingtong District (, pinyin:Líntóng Qū) is a district of Xi'an, Shaanxi, China. It is in east of Xi'an, and about from the center of Xi'an. Weinan Municipality is to the east. Gaoling District, Baqiao District and Xianyang Municipality are to the west. Lantian County is to the south. Yanliang District is to the north. The district covers . As of November 2010, 655,874 people lived there.

paragraphs: Long ago it called Yueyang (栎阳). Firstly, Lingtong District called Lingtong County, and belong to Weinan Municipality. Then it was given to Xi'an. In 1988, it renamed to Lingtong District.

paragraphs: Lingtong is famous for tours, there are many monuments. It's also important for Xi'an, in military.


title: Regional lockout

paragraphs: Regional lockout is something used to prevent the playing of media for device, sold in another country. It can be programming practice, code, chip, or physical barrier. Regional lockout may be used in movies, video games and computer printers.


title: 10NES

paragraphs: The 10NES system is a lock-out system. It was designed for North American and European versions of the Nintendo Entertainment System video game console. It is used to prevent pirated games and games from other regions to be played. But various companies found ways to bypass the authorization chip.


title: Wastebasket taxon

paragraphs: A wastebasket taxon is a term used by biologists for a taxon which has organisms that do not fit anywhere else.

paragraphs: Species or groups are put in the wastebsket taxon when they do not fit into one of the regular taxa. Regular taxa are supposed to be monophyletic. By definition, wastebasket taxa are either paraphyletic or polyphyletic. Their name may still be very useful to biologists, because its members may be an important evolutionary grade. Antelopes are a group which is ecologically very important, and have many similar features. However, they are not monophyletic. Species are called 'antelopes' if they look like one.

paragraphs: Invertebrates are often called the "everything-else" category, meaning all animals without backbones. Little-known fossil groups are sometimes later found to be wastebasket taxa. The crocodile-like Triassic group Rauisuchia is an example.

paragraphs: Loosely related animals often look rather alike. This is because they adapt to similar environments. This leads to convergent evolution.


title: Thomas Brisbane

paragraphs: Sir Thomas Makdougall Brisbane (July 23, 1773 – January 27, 1860) was the sixth Governor of New South Wales. Brisbane was very interested in astronomy and brought two assistant astronomers to Australia with him. When he went back to England, he left his books, telescopes and other equipment behind as gift, and these were the beginnings of the Sydney Observatory.

paragraphs: The Brisbane River was named after Sir Thomas, and the capital city of Queensland, takes its name from the river.