title: Chumphon Province

paragraphs: Chumphon () is one of the southern provinces of Thailand.

paragraphs: Chumphon is located on the narrow landbridge between the Malay Peninsula and the mainland of Thailand. The north has mountains and the east has flat land on the coast of the Gulf of Thailand. It has a 222 kilometre-long coastline and 44 islands.

paragraphs: The southern part of the province was originally a separate province named Lang Suan. It was incorporated into Chumphon in 1932.

paragraphs: In November 1989, typhoon "Gay" hit the province hard. 529 people were killed, 160,000 became homeless, of farm land was destroyed. "Gay" is the only tropical storm on record which reached Thailand with typhoon wind strength.

paragraphs: Today, Chumphon Province is a destination center for massive human trafficking from nearby Burma (Myanmar).

paragraphs: It is believed that name comes from a local tree called the "Maduea Chumphon" (มะเดื่อชุมพร ). The tree is abundant in the province.

paragraphs: The coffee-growing valley of Ban Panwal in Tha Sae District includes 178,283 rai of robusta coffee plantations. It produces more than 24 million tonnes a year. Chumphon Province contributes 60 percent of Thailand's total coffee production. Local brands include Thamsing, ST Chumphon and Khao Tha-Lu Chumporn.

paragraphs: In 2015, the region had 1.86 million tourists. These tourists spent 7.55 billion baht. Average hotel occupancy rose to 65 percent from 53 percent in 2014.

paragraphs: Chumphon Airport is 30 km north of Chumphon city. It has direct daily flights to Bangkok's Don Mueang Airport (DMK). Flights from Bangkok are around 60 minutes.

paragraphs: Nok Air operates two daily flights between Bangkok (Don Mueang, DMK) and Chumphon Airport (CJM). i.

paragraphs: Tham Thip Prida (ถ้ำทิพย์ปรีดา) A rocky mountain with about 40 caves, some which contain pools.

paragraphs: Khao Chao Mueang (เขาเจ้าเมือง) The district's highest observation point. Tourists can take offering panoramic views of the coast and far out into the Chumphon Archipelago.

paragraphs: Khao Phang Forest Park (วนอุทยานเขาพาง) Within the national park, there is a great variety of tropical vegetation.

paragraphs: Watershed forest mountain (สัมผัสยอดเขา) Hiking trail to the top of mountain with views of both the Andaman Sea and the Gulf of Thailand

paragraphs: Somdech Phra Srinagarindra Park (สวนสมเด็จพระศรีนครินทร์ฯ ) The park consists of a hill and rivers.

paragraphs: Namtok Thap Chang (น้ำตกทับช้าง) A waterfall in Khlong Phrao National Park.

paragraphs: Wat Chao Fa Sala Loi (วัดเจ้าฟ้าศาลาลอย) This old Buddhist temple is particularly important to the people of Chumphon, who revere a monk named Luang Pu Song. .

paragraphs: Wat Tha Kwan Mueang (วัดท่าควนเมือง) A temple on top of a limestone hill

paragraphs: Wat Phra Thart Sawi (วัดพระธาตุสวี) A temple next to Sawi River stands a shrine

paragraphs: Chumphon National Museum (พิพิธภัณฑสถานแห่งชาติชุมพร) the museum provides an summary of the province.

paragraphs: Namtok Heo Lom (น้ำตกเหวโหลม) Waterfalls.

paragraphs: Por Ta Chongdong Summit (ยอดเขาพ่อตาโชงโดง) about 1,000 meters high.

paragraphs: Por Ta Mangkre Summit (ยอดเขาพ่อตามังเคร)

paragraphs: Khao Thung-Klong Pi waterfall (เขาทุ่ง-น้ำตกคลองปิ) Khlong Pi waterfall.

paragraphs: Phato Rafting (งานเทศกาลล่องแพพะโต๊ะ)Held during February to April. There is a mini-marathon.

paragraphs: Lang Suan's Fruit Fair (งานวันผลไม้เมืองหลังสวน) This fair is organized annually around August. The fruit market here exhibits a variety of fruits and there is a fruits contest.

paragraphs: Traditional Boats Procession and Boat Race (งานประเพณีแห่พระแข่งเรือ) - a race on boats since 1844.


title: Chainat Province

paragraphs: Chai Nat () is one of the central provinces of Thailand.

paragraphs: Chai Nat is a flat plain. It is in central Thailand's Chao Phraya River valley. There is a dam. It is used for flood control as well. It also is used to divert water into the country's largest irrigation system. The water is used for irrigation of rice paddies in the lower river valley. The dam was finished in 1957 and was the first dam constructed in Thailand.

paragraphs: Chai Nat was first established during the Ayutthaya kingdom. It was used as a successful base of operations for confronting the Burmese army. As the Burmese were defeated every time, the area earned the name Chai Nat, "place of victory".

paragraphs: Chai Nat Bird Park (สวนนกชัยนาท) This sanctuary has the biggest bird sanctuary in Asia (26 rai; 4.2 hectares). Many bird bird species to live in their natural habitat.

paragraphs: Wat Thammamun Worawihan (วัดธรรมามูลวรวิหาร) The temple enshrines Luangpho Thammachak, a standing Buddha image

paragraphs: Wat Phra Borommathat Worawihan (วัดพระบรมธาตุวรวิหาร) There is an old pagoda

paragraphs: Chai Nat Muni National Museum (พิพิธภัณฑสถานแห่งชาติ ชัยนาทมุนี) This archaeological museum is a 2-storey adapted Thai-style building. Downstairs displays celadon Buddha images, tools, and ornaments.

paragraphs: Wat Pak Khlong Makham Thao or Wat Luangpu Suk (วัดปากคลองมะขามเฒ่า หรือ วัดหลวงปู่ศุข) This shady temple offers pleasant scenery and is famous for Buddha amulets.

paragraphs: Wasan Crocodile Farm (ฟาร์มจระเข้วสันต์) There are different kinds of animals such as crocodiles, tigers, rays, and various bird species.

paragraphs: Chao Phraya Dam (เขื่อนเจ้าพระยา) The nation's first large dam.

paragraphs: Wat Karuna (วัดกรุณา) This temple houses Chai Nat's largest sandstone Buddha image.

paragraphs: Khun San Statue (อนุสาวรีย์ขุนสรรค์) Khun San or Hero of the Noi River is one of the Bang Rachan folk leaders who fought courageously seven times against the Burmese.

paragraphs: Wat Phra Mahathat (วัดพระมหาธาตุ) The royal temple of Mueang Phraek or Mueang San. The temple houses a distinguished prang with a fluted spire like the shape of a star fruit. The prang housing Buddha relics is made from brick on a square shaped base (a plinth) in the Lop Buri style.

paragraphs: Wat Song Phi Nong (วัดสองพี่น้อง) Legend has it that Chao Sam, one of the three siblings, incited the other two siblings named Chao Ai and Chao Yi against each other for the throne. Both Chao Ai and Chao Yi died and Chao Sam became the ruler. Chao Sam then built one prang and one chedi for his late brothers.

paragraphs: Wat Phra Kaeo (วัดพระแก้ว) An ancient temple housing a beautiful square-based stupa. In front of the stupa stands a Buddha image hall known as Wihan Luangpho Chai, where a delicately carved sandstone lintel was found at the back of the image.

paragraphs: Monkey Park (สวนลิง) The temple houses rubber plantations and is home to a number of monkeys.

paragraphs: Wat Klai Kangwon (วัดไกลกังวล) or Khao Saraphat Si Charoen Tham (เขาสารพัดศรีเจริญธรรม) On top of the hill sees ruins of an ordination hall and the Buddha's footprints, as well as, a panoramic view of the area.

paragraphs: Dakkhanon Mattress (ที่นอนดักคะนน) Stuffed with kapok, these are made by the locals of Ban Dakkhanon, Tambon Thammamun.

paragraphs: Benjarong Pentachrome Ceramics (เครื่องเบญจรงค์) These five-coloured ceramics are made in the finest and most sophisticated craftsmanship.

paragraphs: Manorom's Pomelo (ส้มโอมโนรมย์) The most famous is the Khao Taengkwa variety with its sweet-crispy taste, large size, and is available throughout. The annual fair is held in August.

paragraphs: Water Hyacinth Woven Product (ผลิตภัณฑ์ผักตบชวา) By making good use of this local plant, water hyacinths are made into a variety of affordable and delicate handicraft products and household decorations such as bags, baskets, slippers, flower pots, trays in the shape of a chicken, and vases

paragraphs: Herbal Shampoo Products (ผลิตภัณฑ์แชมพูสมุนไพร) Made from kaffir limes, aloe, butterfly pea, turmeric, and soapberry, these renowned good quality herbal shampoo, conditioner, and bath gel, are products of the Tha Sai.

paragraphs: Pottery (เครื่องปั้นดินเผา) These stylishly designed pottery products such as flower pots, mugs, plates, watering utensils, and household decorations.

paragraphs: Huai Krot Sugar This palm sugar in soft cakes is derived from sugar palm trees

paragraphs: Artificial Flowers and Trees These are made from various materials such as plastic or sa paper.

paragraphs: Hand-woven Textiles Utilizing their spare time from cultivation, local housewives produce the uniquely traditional hand-woven textile such as the tube skirt or pha sin with the decorative piece woven in discontinuous supplementary weft technique known as tin chok, which is the influence of Laotian ancestors, who previously migrated to Chainat.

paragraphs: Straw Bird Fair, Chai Nat's Product Fair, and Red Cross Fair (งานมหกรรมหุ่นฟางนกนานาชาติ งานของดี และงานกาชาดจังหวัดชัยนาท) This annual fair is organized by making good use of straw, a by-product in rice farming.

paragraphs: Chai Nat Pomelo Fair (งานส้มโอชัยนาท) Chai Nat is one of several provinces famous for producing exceptional pomelo.


title: Kanchanaburi Province

paragraphs: Kanchanaburi ( (Pronunciation)) is the largest of the western provinces ("changwat") of Thailand.

paragraphs: Tourists are attracted by the history of its ancient civilisation and the World War II Bridge over the River Khai (also spelt "Khwae").

paragraphs: The province is in the west of Thailand, 129 km from Bangkok, and covers a total area of approximately 19,483 km². It is the country's third largest province, after Nakhon Ratchasima and Chiang Mai. Topographically, it is covered with timber and evergreen forests. The land has the famous River Kwai.

paragraphs: Several national parks are in the mountainous forest areas. They include the Thungyai Naresuan Wildlife Sanctuary, which is on the UNESCO world heritage list.

paragraphs: Archaeological remains found in Kanchanaburi date back to the 4th century. Evidence of trade exists, saying the people traded with surrounding regions at that time. Very little is known about the historical Khmer influence in Kanchanaburi.

paragraphs: Very little of the region is known before the reign of King Rama I. In 1982, many skeletons and swords were found in Phanom Thuan District. This makes people think this site was the place of the famous battle of King Naresuan against the Burmese crown-prince.

paragraphs: Most foreigners are mainly aware of Kanchanaburi's recent history. During the Japanese occupation of Thailand in 1942, Allied Prisoners-of-War and Asian labourers were ordered by the Japanese to build a Thailand-Burma railway. Eventually, more than 100,000 people (16,000 allied POWs and 90,000 local Asian labourers) died from horrific working conditions.

paragraphs: River: Locals seldom use the river as a means of transportation these days, but instead for tourist-related boat rides and karaoke dinners.

paragraphs: Roads: Kanchanaburi's districts are connected by three highways which also link to neighbouring provinces.

paragraphs: Airport: There is no public airport in Kanchanaburi.

paragraphs: Rail: Kanchanburi is on the line from Bangkok Noi to Nam Tok (Sai Yok). The section from Kanchanaburi westward is what remains of the railway built by forced labour. The line from Nam Tok to Sanklaburi (next to the Burmese border) was pulled up by the British after the war. There is a short section of track along with a nearby museum at Hell Fire Pass, a few kilometres west of Nam Tok.

paragraphs: Bus: Air-conditioned buses serve Bangkok, while travel to provincial districts and surrounding provinces is done by non- air-conditioned buses.

paragraphs: Only 129 km from Bangkok, Kanchanburi is a favourite holiday destination for Bangkokians and other Thais residing in the central region.

paragraphs: For most non-Thai, Kanchanaburi historical significance stems from the movie The Bridge Over the River Kwai, which was built by forced labour during the Second World War.

paragraphs: The Bridge Over the River Kwai was built next to the town of Kanchanaburi. The Death Railway ran all the way from the Kwae River valley up to Three Pagodas Pass. Today, only the lowest part of the railway to Nam Tok is still in use. Kanchanaburi city has a war museum and a large POW cemetery.

paragraphs: In the Sai Yok district, there is a Buddhist tiger temple where tame tigers roam freely once a day. Also in Sai Yok is the Mueang Sing Historical Park, ruins of a Khmer town and temple, as well as the Sai Yok National Park with the two Sai Yok waterfalls.

paragraphs: Kanchanaburi War Cemetery (Don Rak) (สุสานทหารสัมพันธมิตรดอนรัก) The immaculately maintained cemetery contains the remains of 6,982 Allied POWs who perished during the construction of the "Death Railway".

paragraphs: Death Railway (ทางรถไฟสายมรณะ), the strategic railway tracks began from Nong Pla Duk Station in Amphoe Ban Pong, Ratchaburi, and ran via Kanchanaburi across the Khwae Yai River, westbound to the Three Pagodas Pass, to end at Thanbuyuzayat in Burma. Total length within Thai territory was 300 km. The railway took only one year to complete, from October 1942–October 1943. After the war, some lengths of track were demolished and some submerged under the lake of Khao Laem Dam.

paragraphs: Sai Yok National Park (อุทยานแห่งชาติไทรโยค), a park since 1980, most of the area is limestone mountains with mixed deciduous forest.

paragraphs: Kirdkao Observatory (หอดูดาวเกิดแก้ว) in Tambon Lum Rang, is a place to gain knowledge about stars and nature.

paragraphs: Sangkhla Buri Jungle Trek This service is offered to tourists by hotels in Amphoe Sangkhla Buri. The programme starts with rowing boats along Huai Song Ka Lia, riding elephants and rafting.

paragraphs: Mountain biking is very common in the province.

paragraphs: Rafting, Canoeing, White Water Rafting are also very common along various routes such as Noi River, Kwae River, Song Ka Lia River.

paragraphs: Elephant trekking Kanchanaburi has many elephant camps providing elephant trekking.

paragraphs: Ban Nong Khao is one district in Kanchanaburi, about 12 km. away from the province. Villagers here still live simply in an agricultural society and old-style houses practising culture and traditions which has been transmitted from generation to generation.

paragraphs: Ban Khao Lek is a small Karen village, situated in the middle of a valley in the area of Chaloem Rattanakosin National Park with splendid nature. Most villagers earn a living by farming and collecting products from the forest. They live a simple life and mainly rely on nature. They practice Karen culture from generation to generation.

paragraphs: In 1918, alluvial sapphire deposits were discovered near Bo Ploi. It was a major source of sapphires in the 1980s and 1990s.

paragraphs: Kanchanaburi Province is the site of "Klity Creek", a waterway heavily polluted by the practices of the Lead Concentrate Company. The company was ordered by a Thai court to clean up its environmental damage in 2013. To date (2016) the court ordered clean-up has been halting and ineffectual.

paragraphs: Ram Yoei is a local dance of the Kanchanaburi local people that has been performed for more than 500 years. They perform Ram Yoei on Songkran Day and New Year, etc. Men and women must form a circle, one person will lead to sing and another will sing to the other’s lyric in reply, and Luk Khu (chorus) will sing along and dance to the rhythm of Klong Yao drums. At present, Ram Yoei is played only in Amphoe Phanom Thuan.

paragraphs: Most of the local rural people work in the field of agriculture. Even though most of them are of Thai ancestry, there is also a lot of Mon and Karen blood around. As minority, people have dwelled in the area for hundreds of years. Kanchanburi enjoys plenty of popular folk festivals.

paragraphs: Mineral Water and Waterfall Bathing Day (งานวันอาบน้ำแร่แช่น้ำตก); held at Hin Dat Hot Spring, at the beginning of November.

paragraphs: Boat and Raft People’s Day (งานเทศกาลชาวเรือชาวแพ); held every year at the beginning of November at Song Khwae Road near the riverside in front of the city of Kanchanaburi. Activities are folk performances, Thai typical music performance, academic exhibition concerning conservation of rivers and canals, water sports such as riding long-boat, speed-boat and jet-skiing.

paragraphs: River Kwae Bridge Week (งานสัปดาห์สะพานข้ามแม่น้ำแคว); held every year around the end of November until the beginning of December to commemorate the significance of the Death Railway and the Bridge over the Khwae River taking place in World War II. Visitors can see the historical and archaeological exhibition, folk performances, booths of products, entertaining activities, and light and sound show.

paragraphs: Kanchanburi is known for its freshwater fish. The most popular dining areas are the Song Kwae Road waterfront area and the riverside restaurants in the vicinity of the River Kwai Bridge. There are "jungle" food restaurants selling illegal imported meat of endangered animals from Burma.

paragraphs: In town there is the Kanchanaburi Memorial Hospital and lots of clinics and pharmacies.


title: Pathum Thani Province

paragraphs: Pathum Thani (, ) is one of the central provinces ("changwat") of Thailand.

paragraphs: Many canals are in the province. They are used to feed the rice paddies.

paragraphs: In 1815, King Rama II visited the city. He was given a lot of lotus flowers. Because of this, the king decided to rename the city to "Pathum Thani". It means "the lotus flower town".

paragraphs: Pathum Thani has a very high concentration of higher education institutions, especially ones in the field of science and technology. This, together with a large number of industrial parks and research facilities (including those in Thailand Science Park), make the region the educational and technology hub of the area.


title: Bible of Borso d'Este

paragraphs: The Bible of Borso d'Este or Bibbia di Borso d’Este is a famous illuminated Latin Bible from the Renaissance period in the history of Europe. It was made in 1455-61 for Borso d'Este, the Duke of Ferrara. It has more than 600 pages and more than 1000 small paintings. It has many pictures of plants and animals as well as pictures showing life in the fifteenth century, including pictures of music and dance.

paragraphs: Northern Italy had a tradition of miniature painting for many years. The French Bible of Niccolò III was painted in this tradition. It was a model for Borso's miniatures. Niccolò's Bible was written in 1434. It is now in the Vatican.

paragraphs: The Bible of Borso d'Este was made between 1455 and 1461. A group of artists made the drawings. Taddeo Crivelli and Franco dei Russi were the leaders of the artists. Other artists were Girolamo da Cremona, Marco dell’Avogadro, and Giorgio d’Alemagna. Pietro Paolo Marone, a scribe from Bologna, did the writing.

paragraphs: In 1598, the Estense family moved to Modena, after the Pope took control of Ferrara. They took the Bible with them to Modena. In 1859, the city of Modena became part of Italy, and Francesco V d’Austria-Este went to Vienna with the Bible. In 1923, Giovanni Treccani degli Alfieri bought the Bible in a Paris bookstore. He returned the Bible to the Biblioteca Estense in Modena, Italy.

paragraphs: The Bible of Borso d'Este is now in the Biblioteca Estense (Este Library) in the Palazzo dei Musei, a museum and art gallery. The museum building was originally a poorhouse called Grande Albergo dei Poveri, built from 1767 to 1771. In 1788 the building became an art gallery. In 1883, the government got the building. The Bible of Borso d'Este is one of the most famous books in the museum.


title: Hume's fork

paragraphs: David Hume divided knowledge into two categories “relations of ideas”, and “matters of fact”. Relations of ideas are truthful and correct statements (for example “all unmarried men are bachelors”. Matters of fact are statements we are nearly certain are truthful but there is still a chance for it to be false: “the sun will rise in the morning”: there is a chance it will not rise.


title: Purple Rain (song)

paragraphs: "Purple Rain" is a pop and rock song by the musician Prince. The song is from the 1984 album of the same name. It was the third single off that album.

paragraphs: On the "Billboard" Hot 100, the album reached #2 for two weeks. It was certified as Gold by the Recording Industry Association of America. One million copies were shipped in the United States.

paragraphs: Prince won an Academy Award for Best Original Song Score for "Purple Rain".

paragraphs: The original version is eight minutes/forty five seconds long. The song was shortened to four minutes before it was released as a single.


title: When Doves Cry

paragraphs: "When Doves Cry" is a 1984 rock–pop ballad from the musician Prince. It was the lead single off his 1984 album "Purple Rain". It was a worldwide hit. It was also his first American #1 hit song. It topped the charts for five weeks.

paragraphs: According to "Billboard" magazine, "When Doves Cry" was the top selling single of the year. It was certified as Platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America. Over two million copies were shipped in the United States.

paragraphs: The song is one of Prince's signature songs.


title: Lopburi Province

paragraphs: Lopburi () is a province in the central region of Thailand. Many historical structures, artifacts, and prehistoric settlements have been discovered.

paragraphs: Known as Lavo during much of its history, Lopburi probably dates to prehistoric times. The name Lavo originated in the Dvaravati period (6th–11th century CE). The Khmer Empirewould build many impressive temples in the city during its rule.

paragraphs: In 1856, King Mongkut of the Chakri dynasty ordered King Narai's palace to be renovated. The city finally regained its importance in 1938, when Field Marshal Plaek Phibunsongkhram chose Lopburi to be the largest military base in Thailand.

paragraphs: Lopburi is on the east side of the Chao Phraya River valley. It is between the Lopburi River and Pa Sak Rivers. Most of the land is mixed plains and hills.

paragraphs: Structures built during the reign of King Rama IV include:

paragraphs: Phiman Mongkut Pavilion (หมู่พระที่นั่งพิมานมงกุฎ) was constructed at the command of King Rama IV in 1862 as his private residence when he came to renovate Lopburi.

paragraphs: Phra Prathiap Buildings (หมู่ตึกพระประเทียบ) Composed of two single storey buildings and a group of eight two-storey brick buildings, constructed for being residential quarters for court officials who attended King Rama V when he visited Lopburi.

paragraphs: Thim Dap or Royal Guards Residence (ทิมดาบ หรือที่พักของทหารรักษาการณ์) Passing through the entrance to the middle court, the buildings on both sides of the lawn were the barracks of the royal guards of the palace.

paragraphs: Wat San Paulo (วัดสันเปาโล) A Jesuit church, constructed in the reign of King Narai. At present, only a side of the wall and an observatory remain.

paragraphs: Wat Chi Pa Sitaram (วัดชีป่าสิตาราม) Within the compound of the temple is a bell-shaped chedi representing Ayutthaya art.

paragraphs: Kraison Siharat Hall (พระที่นั่งไกรสรสีหราช) This hall is another residence of King Narai.

paragraphs: Wat Yang Na Rangsi and Lop Buri Boat Museum (วัดยาง ณ รังสี และพิพิธภัณฑ์เรือพื้นบ้าน) Lopburi Boat Museum is at the temple sermon hall, constructed in 1927 on the bank of the Lopburi River. The hall was granted an award for Best Architectural Preservation in 1993. It reflects the rural Thai temple hall's style in central Thailand.

paragraphs: Tha Khae Scripture Hall (หอไตรวัดท่าแค) Dharma Scripture hall of the "Lao Lom" community. Normally, a scripture hall is constructed on high columns in a pond. However, the one at this temple is a wooden house with a cruciform plan located on high columns.

paragraphs: Ang Sap Lek (อ่างซับเหล็ก) A natural ancient reservoir. In 1977, Lopburi improved Ang Sap Lek to be a natural tourist attraction by building roads around the reservoir, planting trees, as well as, erecting a summer relaxation pavilion.

paragraphs: Wat Lai (วัดไลย์) There are remaining ancient stucco reliefs on the Jakata stories and the Buddha's life. Maitreya Bodhisattva's image is another object that has been highly respected by the people from the past. Besides, there are other objects such as an old wihan with slit windows, which is the architecture reflecting the early Ayutthaya style.

paragraphs: Khao Samo Khon (เขาสมอคอน) A mountain range which has been important historically. There are four important temples on this mountain range: Wat Bandai Sam Saen, Wat Tham Tako Phutthasopha, Wat Tham Chang Phueak, and Wat Khao Samo Khon.

paragraphs: Amphoe Ban Mi (อำเภอบ้านหมี่) Famous for Mudmi silk. Most of the locals are Thai Phuan who migrated from Laos around 130 years ago. They named their new settlement as "Ban Mi" after their former Laotian village.

paragraphs: Wat Thammikaram or Wat Khangkhao (วัดธรรมิการาม หรือ วัดค้างคาว) Mural paintings at the four sides of the ubosot depict the life of Buddha. The paintings incorporate Western techniques such as the shading of trees.

paragraphs: Wat Thong Khung Tha Lao (วัดท้องคุ้งท่าเลา) The entrance of the temple is in the shape of Hanuman with its mouth wide open, decorated with glass in distinctive colours.

paragraphs: Wat Nong Tao (Wat Phanit Thammikaram) (วัดหนองเต่า หรือ วัดพาณิชธรรมมิการาม) The ubosot on the back of a turtle, "tao", considered the symbol of the sub-district.

paragraphs: Wat Khao Wongkot (วัดเขาวงกต) There is a bat cave on the shoulder of the mountain above the ubosot. It is the largest bat cave in Lopburi, inside which live millions of bats. The bats' droppings generate an income for the wat of more than ten thousand baht a year.

paragraphs: Khao Wong Phrachan (เขาวงพระจันทร์) At the summit of Khao Wong Phrachan visitors can see the panoramic scenery below. Khao Wong Phrachan is the highest mountain in Lopburi.

paragraphs: Sunflower fields (ทุ่งทานตะวัน) Lopburi is the leading sunflower province. Some 200,000–300,000 rai are planted with sunflowers. They are usually in full bloom from November–January. Sunflower fields are scattered throughout Mueang District, Phatthana Nikhom District, and Chai Badan District.

paragraphs: Wat Phrom Rangsi (วัดพรหมรังษี) This temple has an ubosot with four porches. The bell-shape chedi is similar to the Phra Borommathat, a chedi containing a Buddha relic, in Nakhon Si Thammarat.

paragraphs: Pa Sak Jolasid Dam (เขื่อนป่าสักชลสิทธิ์) It is the longest clay-core dam in Thailand. The Pa Sak River Basin Museum presents information about nature and culture.

paragraphs: Ban Pong Manao Site Museum (พิพิธภัณฑ์เปิดบ้านโป่งมะนาว) A pre-historic archaeological site dating from around 2,500–3,000 years ago or the late-Ban Chiang Period. Thirteen ancient human skeletons were found here.

paragraphs: Khao Somphot Non-hunting Area (เขตห้ามล่าสัตว์ป่าเขาสมโภชน์) A high and steep limestone mountain range stretching along the southwestern direction, full of caves and cliffs. There are two plains in the valley and a plateau, with many spots of water seepage around the area, making it a significant watershed.

paragraphs: Sap Langka Wildlife Sanctuary (เขตรักษาพันธุ์สัตว์ป่าซับลังกา) The significance of the area is that it is the source of the Lam Sonthi River, as well as, a source of food for wildlife. At present, there are still goat antelopes which are protected animals living in the sanctuary.

paragraphs: Special Warfare Command (หน่วยบัญชาการสงครามพิเศษ) (Mueang District) Demonstrations of how to survive in the forest, a 34-foot tower jump, parachute from a balloon, shooting, cliff climbing, and a military jungle tour. An Army Special Forces Museum displays photos, equipment, background, evolution and pictures of various activities of the special forces.


title: Nakhon Nayok Province

paragraphs: Nakhon Nayok () is one of the central provinces ("changwat") of Thailand. The word "nakhon" comes from the Sanskrit word "nagara".

paragraphs: The highest mountain in the province is in the northern part. The mountain is tall.

paragraphs: The main river of the province is the Nakhon Nayok River.

paragraphs: The city of Nakhon Nayok dates back to the Dvaravati Kingdom, probably founded in the 11th century. Ruins from this time are visible at Mueang Boran Dong Lakhon south of the modern city. It was originally named "Mueang" Lablae. The name Nakhon Nayok was assigned to it in 1350, when it became a garrison town of the Ayutthaya kingdom protecting the eastern boundary.

paragraphs: On 1 January 1943, the government downgraded Nakhon Nayok Province and combined it with Prachinburi Province, except for Ban Na district which became part of Saraburi Province. On 9 May 1946 the province was re-established.

paragraphs: San Lak Mueang (City Pillar Shrine) (ศาลหลักเมือง) at one time it was a shrine housing a 1-metre wooden column topped with a carving in the form of a lotus bud, near the Old City Wall.

paragraphs: Chulachomklao Royal Military Academy (โรงเรียนนายร้อยพระจุลจอมเกล้า) It is a training centre for Thai military cadets.

paragraphs: Attractions in the Chulachomkloa Royal Military Academy include:

paragraphs: Namtok Sarika (น้ำตกสาริกา) is the most famous waterfall of Nakhon Nayok. The waterfall cascades down 9 levels

paragraphs: Lan Rak Falls or Tat Hin Kong Falls (น้ำตกลานรักหรือน้ำตกตาดหินกอง) waterfall

paragraphs: Wang Takhrai (วังตะไคร้) is filled with huge, trees and has a small stream running through. There are also a variety of beautiful species of ornamental flowers and plants.

paragraphs: Nang Rong Falls or Namtok Nang Rong (น้ำตกนางรอง) The waterfall originates from a source on a high mountain in Khao Yai National Park. It cascades down several levels onto rock formations, flowing through verdant forests

paragraphs: Huai Prue Reservoir (อ่างเก็บน้ำห้วยปรือ) This is a small reservoir by volume but has a large surface area.

paragraphs: Sai Thong Reservoir (อ่างเก็บน้ำทรายทอง) This small reservoir offers a natural mountainous landscape.

paragraphs: Namtok Ka-ang (น้ำตกกะอาง) The water cascades

paragraphs: Namtok Wang Muang (น้ำตกวังม่วง) Waterfall

paragraphs: Thudongkhasathan Thawon Nimit (ธุดงคสถานถาวรนิมิตร) is a meditation centre for monks, novices, nuns, and the general public. There are hundreds of shelters for monks, nuns, and general public to worship.

paragraphs: Namtok Heo Narok (น้ำตกเหวนรก) This is a 3-tiered large waterfall with its first tier at 60 metres high. During the rainy season, there is such a lot of water that the flow is frightening and will drop straight down at 90 degrees to a lower chasm.

paragraphs: Ornamental Plants and Floral Centre (ศูนย์ไม้ดอกไม้ประดับ) Various plant nurseries that grow a large variety of ornamental plants and flora which are sold to every corner of the country.

paragraphs: Khao Yai-Nakhon Nayok Jungle Treks (ท่องไพรเขาใหญ่-นครนายก) is usually held during December to June. The trekking aims to promote the study of nature and ecology, as well as creating good understanding in natural resources and environmental conservation.

paragraphs: Khao Yai National Park, the first national park of Thailand was declared a national park on September 18, 1962. It covers areas of four provinces: Nakhon Nayok, Nakhon Ratchasima, Prachin Buri, and Saraburi. The park occupies an area of 2,168 square kilometers and consists of virgin forest, tropical forest, streams, waterfalls, wildlife, and a variety of plants. The most suitable visiting time is during the Thai winter, from October to February when it is cold at night until the next morning. The highest point is Khao Rom Peak, which is 1,351 metres above sea level.

paragraphs: Sweet Plum Mango (Ma-prang, มะปราง) is the most well known fruit of Nakhon Nayok (it is a sweet fruit and is similar to "ma-yong-chit", a sour fruit). The ma-prang harvest season February to March. They are grown in a number of orchards on the Nakhon Nayok-Namtok Sarika road.

paragraphs: Bamboo Products (ผลิตภัณฑ์จากไม้ไผ่) Products include a miniature sail boat, a peacock, and human faces.

paragraphs: Brooms (ไม้กวาด) Manufactured in Tambon Sarika, Amphoe Mueang, Tambon Na Hin Lat, Tambon Khok Kruat, Tambon Nong Saeng, Amphoe Pak Phli. The brooms are made with indigenous grass and the broomstick is made from a piece of wood from a tree of the Apocynaceae family or made of bamboo.

paragraphs: Doormats made from scrap cloth (พรมทอจากเศษผ้า) are produced in Tambon Khao Phoem, Amphoe Ban Na. The scrap cloth, also made into bed covers, are sold in various sizes at furniture stalls of Ban Na market and Amphoe Mueang.

paragraphs: Sugared Banana Chips (Kluai Chap) (กล้วยฉาบ) and sugared sweet potato and sugared taro chips are produced in Tambon Sarika, Amphoe Mueang.

paragraphs: Preserved Fruits (ผลไม้แช่อิ่ม) such as star apples, tamarinds, mangos, santol, and lime.

paragraphs: Tak Bat Thewo Rohana Fair (งานประเพณีตักบาตรเทโวโรหนะ), a festivity where offerings are made to monks.

paragraphs: Sweet Plum Mango and Nakhon Nayok Products Fair (งานวันมะปรางหวานและของดีนครนายก) takes place to promote Ma-prang (sweet plum mangoes), and other agricultural products and handicrafts

paragraphs: Thai Merit Making (Sat Thai) and Long boat Racing Festival (งานประเพณีสารทไทยและแข่งเรือยาวประเพณี) is annually held in October along Khlong 29 at Wat Thawiphon Rangsan, Amphoe Ongkharak.

paragraphs: Ongkharak Ornamental Plants and Flowers Fair (งานมหกรรมไม้ดอกไม้ประดับองครักษ์) is annually held in April to showcase ornamental plants and flowers


title: Nakhon Pathom Province

paragraphs: Nakhon Pathom () is one of the central provinces ("changwat") of Thailand. The province is known for its many fruit orchards.

paragraphs: Nakhon Pathom is a small province. It is from Bangkok.

paragraphs: The name comes from the Pali words "Nagara Pathama", meaning "first city". Nakhon Pathom is often referred to as Thailand's oldest city.

paragraphs: Due to sedimentation from the Chao Phraya River, the coast line moved much farther to sea.

paragraphs: Major settlement of the province included emigration beginning in the reign of King Rama II, The province includes industrial zones, major university towns, government offices relocated from Bangkok and agricultural and transport hubs.

paragraphs: Wat Phra Pathom Chedi Ratchaworaviharn is one of the main royal temples. Belonging to this temple is the Phra Pathom Chedi, one of the tallest pagodas in the world.

paragraphs: Suan Sam Pran is a big garden. Nearby is the Sam Pran Crocodile farm, which includes a zoo and has elephant and crocodile shows.

paragraphs: The Jesada Technik Museum is on the eastern edge of Nakhon Chai Si and has a large collection of old cars, trucks, and planes.

paragraphs: Wat Phra Pathom Chedi Ratchavoraviharn () is a first class royal monastery.

paragraphs: Phrabat Somdej Phra Monkut Klao Chaoyuhua Museum (Sanam Chan Palace) () The palace was constructed by command of King Rama VI in the year 1907.

paragraphs: Phra Tamnak Chali Monkol-asna () This 2-storey building is of European architecture

paragraphs: Ya-Lei Monument () The dog, Ya-Lei, was very close to the heart of King Rama VI. The king was very fond of Ya-Lei, so much so that Ya-Lei was envied, and was later shot by an envious person. King Rama VI was much saddened when Ya-Le died and commanded that a copper statue of Ya-Lei be cast and placed on a pedestal in front of Phra Tamnak Chali Monkol-asna.

paragraphs: Neun Dhamma Sala () The physical appearance is that of a hill with a tunnel opening that is believed to connect Wat Phra Mayn to Wat Dhamma Sala. From hearsay, there are various valuable treasures like ancient pottery but which may not be taken out because there is a treasure guardian spirit watching.

paragraphs: Wat Phra Mayn () It is an abandoned temple that nowadays resembles a large hill. Also discovered here are other artefacts which include bronze Buddha images as well as arms, thighs, and hands from a laterite Buddha image, Yaksa Deva (Thai mythical giant gods), Lotus Lion Deva, and stucco relief from the stupa ruins.

paragraphs: Phra Padhone Chedi () As Wat Phra Padhone Chedi is in the middle of the ancient city of Nakhon Chai Si thus several artefacts were discovered during excavations. Some of the discovered items include Buddha images, heads of Buddha images and Buddha images in terra cotta, as well as a bronze figure of a garuda gripping naga under its claws, which is the official symbol of King Rama VI.

paragraphs: Neun Phra or Neun Yai Hom () This area was once an ancient temple and that the hill must have been a large chedi that was in the temple compound dating back to the Dvaravati period, or earlier, roughly about 1,000 years ago.

paragraphs: Buddhamonthon () A huge upright Buddha image

paragraphs: Samphran Elephant Ground & Zoo () There are daily elephant shows, elephant rides around the compound, elephant musical shows, crocodile-wrestling shows, and magic shows.

paragraphs: Rose Garden () There are a multitude of beautiful floral displays of great variety.

paragraphs: Thai Human Imagery Museum () The museum displays lifelike wax/fibreglass sculptures of vivid detail.

paragraphs: Wat Klang Bang Kaew () The temple houses a chapel, a vihara, and a principal Buddha image, all of which are very old and assumed, archaeologically, to have been built in the Ayutthaya period. There is a Phra Phuttha Vithinayok museum, exhibiting historical remains, artefacts, as well as utensils of the late monks: Luang Poo Boon (Phra Phuttha Vithinayok Boon Kanthachoti) and Luang Poo Perm (Phra Phuttha Vithinayok Perm Punyavasano).

paragraphs: Fish Sanctuary () The place is a natural fish sanctuary, which is the habitat of various species of fish typical to the Tha Cheen River.

paragraphs: Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Saen Campus (Botanical Garden) In the university compound, there are number of projects to educate farmers and the general public that include scaled-down projects such as an agricultural technology project, an irrigation system initiated along with the Royal project, an Entomological Park where various species of butterflies are housed, a pilot vegetable plantation plot, and Suan Saen Palm (garden of a hundred thousand palms), which collects various kinds of ornamental palms.

paragraphs: Ancient City of Kamphaeng Saen () this is an ancient town that is worth visiting. It is used as a Boy Scout camp. The interesting attractions of Ancient City of Kamphaeng Saen include unchanged ditches and earth dikes surrounding the ditches.

paragraphs: Sight-seeing by boats there are tours of canals, visiting fruit orchards and orchid farmt Office (terminal of Bangkok-Samphran line bus), via Chinda canal and Bangchang canal, passing rose apple orchards, coconut orchards, and orchid farms.

paragraphs: Suan Thai Tawee pomelo orchard () This orchard

paragraphs: Khao lam () is sticky rice mixed with coconut milk and grilled in a bamboo stalk.

paragraphs: Nakhon Pathom Food and Fruits Fair () is annually held during the Chinese New Year, around January–February, on the grounds of Phra Pathom Chedi to promote the agricultural and industrial products of the province. It aims to promote the fruits that are grown in Nakhon Pathom such as pomelo, sweet coconuts, guavas, and bananas. It also features Chinese buffet arrangement contests and fruit contests.

paragraphs: Songkran Festival ) is annually held from 13–17 April around Phra Pathom Chedi. During the festival, there are many activities such as the Songkran procession floats, Chinese Dragon and Lion Dances, bathing of the revered Phra Ruang Rodjanarit, sand chedi building, Thai opera, and local entertainments.

paragraphs: Buffet for Elephant and Elephant Queen Pageant () is annually held on Labour Day (1 May) at the Samphran Elephant Ground and Zoo to show gratitude to elephants living in the grounds. The Elephant Queen Pageant is held to find a rather plump lady who could interpret and display the elephant's gentle character.

paragraphs: Wat Rai Khing Festival () is annually held from the 13th day of the waxing moon to the 4th day of the waning moon in the fifth month of the lunar calendar. There are many goods sold, from various government units and also from farmers. The fair also features fruit contests and there are many kinds of entertainment at night.

paragraphs: Phra Pathom Chedi Festival () The fair takes place annually from the 12th day of the waxing moon to the 4th day of the waning moon in the 12th month of the lunar calendar. It is held on the grounds of Phra Pathom Chedi. At night, various entertainments are provided.

paragraphs: Loy Krathong Festival () is held annually on the 15th day of the waxing moon in the 12th month of the lunar calendar (November). The festival is held at Sanam Chan Palace, and features beauty pageants, krathong contests, hanging lantern contests, and local entertainment, among others.


title: Hans-Jochen Vogel

paragraphs: Hans-Jochen Vogel (3 February 1926 – 26 July 2020) was a German politician. Vogel was born in Göttingen. In December 1972, Chancellor Willy Brandt made Vogel Minister for Regional Planning, Building, and Urban Development. Brandt's successor, Helmut Schmidt, made him Minister of Justice in 1974. From 1987 to 1991, Vogel was also the Leader of the Social Democratic Party. He was an MP in the "Bundestag" until 1994. He was the mayor of Munich from 1960 through 1972 and served as Mayor of Berlin in 1981.

paragraphs: Vogel died of Parkinson's disease-related problems on 26 July 2020 in Munich, aged 94.


title: Georg Kronawitter

paragraphs: Georg Kronawitter (21 April 1928 - 28 April 2016) was a German politician. He was a member of the SPD. He was mayor of Munich from 1972 to 1978 and from 1984 to 1993. He joined the SPD in 1961 and was elected to the Landtag of Bavaria in 1966. In the 1972 local elections, he was elected Mayor of Munich with 55.9 percent of the votes.

paragraphs: Kronawitter was born in Oberthann, a part of Schweitenkirchen, in the district of Pfaffenhofen.


title: Academy Award for Best Original Song

paragraphs: The Academy Award for Best Original Song is one of the awards given every year by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS). It is given to the songwriters who write the best original song specifically for a movie. Only songs that are "original and written specifically for the motion picture" can win.

paragraphs: The award category was first given at the 7th Academy Awards. That ceremony was for 1934 movies. Nominations are made by Academy members who are songwriters and composers. All Academy members vote for the winner.


title: Mount & Blade: Warband

paragraphs: Mount & Blade: Warband is an expansion to the Action role-playing game video game "Mount & Blade". First announced in January 2009, the game was made by TaleWorlds Entertainment and was published by Paradox Interactive on March 30, 2010. The game can be downloaded from the TaleWorlds Website and on Steam or through DVD.

paragraphs: "Warband" adds to the Mount and blade by introducing another faction to the game and also allows players to use political options, and allows the player to start their own faction. "Mount & blade: Warband" also has some multiplayer modes. Reviews of the game are often good, often stating the like for multiplayer.

paragraphs: The main changes to the game was the adding of multiplayer , the adding of a sixth faction, Sarranid Sultanate, and the change of the game map. The adding of political options. A player who is not with a faction to capture a town or castle and start their own faction. The player can travel the map, and fight along the way. The goal is to have one faction controlling all of the map.

paragraphs: The multiplayer mode removes all of the RolePlaying and the map from the single-player mode. It focus' more on direct combat with other players. Each player starts new with a basic character, later players can buy weapons, horses and armour, with gold earned by playing. The player's multiplayer and single-player characters are not linked, they were 8 modes.

paragraphs: "Napoleonic Wars" is a multiplayer-only DLC developed by Flying Squirrel Entertainment for "Mount & Blade: Warband." It "was" set during the last years of the Napoleonic Wars. The servers can hold up to 200 players it has five selectable nations. It was released on April 19, 2012.

paragraphs: The multiplayer has different game modes such as team deathmatch, siege, capture the flag, duel, battle, and commander battle, for players to battle on. There are also community-organized events that pit player-created "regiments" against one another. Most of these regiments are based on actual regiments from the Napoleonic Wars. The regiments work together to create organized events, such as line-battles, sieges and groupfighting.


title: Camp David

paragraphs: Camp David is an official residence of the President of the United States. It is northwest of Washington D.C., in Catoctin Mountain park. Staffing is provided by the U.S. Navy and the U.S. Marine Corps. Its official name is Naval Support Facility Thurmont.

paragraphs: President Franklin D. Roosevelt had it built to escape the hot summers in Washington, D.C. At the time he called it "Shangri-La. In 1953 President Dwight D. Eisenhower renamed it Camp David after his grandson David Eisenhower. During the presidency of Jimmy Carter, The Camp David Accords were signed by Egyptian President Anwar El Sadat and Israeli Prime Minister Menachem Begin on 17 September 1978. This followed twelve days of secret meetings at Camp David.


title: Tiruchirapalli district

paragraphs: Tiruchirapalli district is one of the 32 districts of Tamil Nadu. Its capital Tiruchirapalli is one of the largest city in the state. It is located along the Kaveri River. The district's old name is Trichinopoly.

paragraphs: It is in the heart region of the state. The area of the district is 4,404 square kilometers. The population of the district is 27,22,290.

paragraphs: Places to visit in Tiruchirappalli Dgnistrict are as follows:


title: Changi Airport MRT station

paragraphs: Changi Airport Station (CG2) is an MRT Station in Singapore. It is along the East West MRT Line Changi Airport branch. The station is located in Singapore Changi Airport. It is one of the few stations on the MRT to have the faregates on the same level as the platform. The station opened on 8 February 2002. The former code was E14, later renumbered to EW29 after the system map revamp. The code is now used for Joo Koon MRT Station.

paragraphs: Previous: Expo (CG1/DT35)<br>Next: Terminus


title: Marsiling MRT station

paragraphs: Marsiling MRT station (NS8) is an above-ground Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) station on the North South Line in Woodlands, Singapore. It opened on 10 February 1996. It was first named Woodlands West Station.

paragraphs: From 1996-2001 the code for Marsiling Station was N18.


title: Grenoble School of Management

paragraphs: Grenoble School of Management is a European higher studies establishment. The school is in 2 places, in Grenoble and in Paris. It has been created in 1984.

paragraphs: GEM is specialist in the fields of economics, social sciences and management.


title: Branch MRT Line

paragraphs: The Branch MRT Line was the third line of the Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) network in Singapore.

paragraphs: The 6.5-km line and three of the four stations on it opened in March 1990. Trains ran as a branch line of the East West Line. The trip from one end of this line to the other took about ten minutes. The line used six-car Kawasaki Heavy Industries C151 and Siemens C651 trains as its rolling stock.

paragraphs: In February 1996, the North South Line was extended to Woodlands. The Branch MRT Line was merged into the North South MRT Line.


title: Bukit Panjang MRT/LRT station

paragraphs: Bukit Panjang Station (BP6/DT1) is an MRT Station in Singapore. It is along the Bukit Panjang LRT Line and Downtown MRT Line. It is located at the boundary of Bukit Panjang, Bukit Batok, and Choa Chu Kang planning areas. It is the terminus station for the Downtown MRT Line.

paragraphs: It is one of the stations that is not connected to Downtown line. The station transit area is public. One has to use the paid linkway and another one had a prominent shopping mall to take a rest - Bukit Panjang Plaza.

paragraphs: Formerly the station was called Petir MRT Station. Due to confusion, the name was changed to Bukit Panjang MRT Station in 2009.

paragraphs: This station was opened on 6 November 1999, as a LRT station. The former code was A6 until 2001. Later on, on 27 December 2015, the Downtown Line opened. On 21 November 2017, cash top ups are no longer accepted at the Passenger Service Centre at this station.


title: Tanah Merah MRT station

paragraphs: Tanah Merah Station (EW4/CG) is an MRT Station in Bedok, Singapore. It is along the East West MRT Line.

paragraphs: The station is situated between Simei and Bedok. It is a cross-platform interchange for trains heading towards Changi Airport. Passengers going to Expo or Changi Airport may board the train from platforms C and D. Similar to other stations on the eastern section of the East West Line, the station's design consists of white-washed walls, curved pillars and a dome-shaped ceiling. Exclusive to this station, there is a glass roof running along the middle of the station.

paragraphs: Tanah Merah MRT is also officially assigned the station code "CG", to differentiate the station's operations on the Main Line and the Changi Airport Branch Line.

paragraphs: The station was originally not going to be open with the rest of the East West Line in between 1988 and 1989 as there were only private houses surrounding it, but increasing pressure from Members of Parliament and the public forced SMRT to open this station. When it opened on 4 November 1989, the demand was extremely stagnant, with only private houses, Bedok South housing estates and Fengshan housing estates to cater to. The demand increased when Singapore Expo and the MRT line to Changi Airport opened.

paragraphs: The addition of a new platform was announced by Land Transport Authority on 25 August 2014 to allow trains to arrive and depart at shorter intervals and an improvement in waiting times with the enhancements. On 26 October 2016, the Land Transport Authority awarded the civil contract to Lum Chang Building Contractors Pte. Ltd. to build a new platform at Tanah Merah Station and viaducts for a contract sum of S$325 million. In addition to the new platforms, the existing East-West Line tracks will be extended to connect the line to the new four-in-one East Coast Integrated Depot at Changi. When completed in 2024, it will be the second station to have triple island platforms after Jurong East.


title: Sengkang LRT Line

paragraphs: The Sengkang LRT Line is a LRT line in Sengkang, Singapore. The 10.7 km line partially opened on 18 January 2003.

paragraphs: Trains operating on the line are Mitsubishi Crystal Movers.

paragraphs: Sengkang , interchange with North East MRT Line


title: Lonnie Mack

paragraphs: Lonnie McIntosh (July 18, 1941 – April 21, 2016), known by his stage name, Lonnie Mack, was an American rock, blues, and country singer-guitarist. As a featured artist, his recording career lasted from 1963 to 1990. He remained active as a performer into the early 2000s.

paragraphs: Mack is also called one of the finer "blue-eyed soul" singers of his era.

paragraphs: Mack died of natural causes in Smithville, Tennessee on April 21, 2016, aged 74. He was buried at his hometown in Aurora, Indiana near the Ohio River.


title: Gato Barbieri

paragraphs: Leandro "Gato" Barbieri (28 November 1932 – 2 April 2016) was an Argentine jazz tenor saxophonist and composer. He became famous during the free jazz movement in the 1960s. He was known for his Latin jazz recordings of the 1970s. His nickname, Gato, is Spanish for "cat".

paragraphs: Barbieri died of pneumonia in New York City on 2 April 2016 at the age of 83.


title: Erik Bauersfeld

paragraphs: Erik Bauersfeld (28 June 1922 – 3 April 2016) was an American radio dramatist and voice actor. He was known for his roles as Admiral Ackbar and Bib Fortuna in the third movie of the original Star Wars trilogy, "Return of the Jedi" (1983). He reprised his role as the voice of Admiral Ackbar in "" (2015).

paragraphs: Bauersfeld died at his home in Berkeley, California, on 3 April 2016, at the age of 93.


title: Don Francks

paragraphs: Donald Harvey Francks (February 28, 1932 – April 3, 2016), also known as Iron Buffalo, was a Canadian actor, vocalist and jazz musician. Francks's acting career began with CBC Television as a regular on "Burns Chuckwagon from the Stampede Corral" (1955-55) and "Riding High" (1955), then in the drama "The Fast Ones" (1959). In 1957 he had a part in the American series "The Adventures of Tugboat Annie".

paragraphs: Francks was the first actor to voice the role of Boba Fett, a Mandalorian bounty hunter in "Star Wars Holiday Special" and reprised the role in an episode of "". He voiced several characters in "Inspector Gadget" along with his daughter, Cree Summer, who voiced Penny during the first season of the show.

paragraphs: Francks died on April 3, 2016 from lung cancer in Toronto, Ontario at the age of 84.


title: Lars Gustafsson

paragraphs: Lars Erik Einar Gustavsson (17 May 1936 – 2 April 2016) was a Swedish poet, novelist and scholar. He was born in Västerås, Sweden.

paragraphs: Since the late 1950s he has produced poetry, novels, short stories, critical essays, and editorials. He earned international fame as a Swedish writer with literary awards such as the "Prix International Charles Veillon des Essais" in 1983, the "Heinrich Steffens Preis" in 1986, "Una Vita per la Litteratura" in 1989, a John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation Fellowship for poetry in 1994, and several others. He has been nominated for the Nobel Prize in Literature.

paragraphs: Gustavsson died at the age of 79 on 3 April 2016 in Stockholm.


title: Rowley Habib

paragraphs: Rowley Habib (24 April 1933 – 3 April 2016), also known as Rore Hapipi, was a New Zealand poet, playwright, and writer of short stories and television scripts. In short story writing, from 1956 to 1971 Habib was a regular contributor to "Te Ao Hou The New World", a magazine for Māori.

paragraphs: In 1984, Habib was awarded the Katherine Mansfield Menton Fellowship. In 2013, Creative New Zealand awarded him a Ngā Tohu a Tā Kingi Ihaka Te Waka Toi Award in recognition of his lifetime of service to Māori arts, describing his play "Death of the Land" as a "landmark in the development of Māori theatre."


title: Martin Lampkin

paragraphs: Martin Lampkin (28 December 1950 – 2 April 2016) was an English professional motorcycle competitor. He competed in many of off-road motorcycle events, but specialized in observed trials competitions. He won the inaugural FIM Trial World Championship held in 1975.

paragraphs: Lampkin is the father of twelve-time trials world champion, Dougie Lampkin. In a genre of motorcycling competition that features balletic grace and acrobatic finesse, Lampkin was known for using sheer momentum and physical strength to assault trials course sections.


title: Lola Novaković

paragraphs: Zorana "Lola" Novaković (25 April 1935 – 3 April 2016) was a Serbian singer. She was popular during the 1960s and the 1970s. She was born in Belgrade, Yugoslavia.

paragraphs: She was known for having represented FPR Yugoslavia at Eurovision Song Contest in 1962 where she finished fourth.

paragraphs: In 1962, she starred in "Šeki snima, pazi se", a full-length comedy movie.

paragraphs: She died a few weeks before her 81st birthday on 3 April 2016.


title: Amber Rayne

paragraphs: Meghan Wren, better known by her stage name Amber Rayne (September 19, 1984 – April 2, 2016), was an American pornographic actress. Rayne entered the adult movie industry in 2005. In April 2015, she announced her official retirement from adult films.

paragraphs: Rayne was born in Detroit, Michigan and raised in Northern California. Rayne was a non-Hodgkin lymphoma and uterine cancer survivor.

paragraphs: Rayne collapsed and died at her home in Los Angeles on April 2, 2016, aged 31. Results of an autopsy and toxicology report are pending. Her cause of death was caused by an accidental drug overdose through the consumption of a combination of cocaine and alcohol.


title: Jules Schelvis

paragraphs: Jules Schelvis (7 January 1921 – 3 April 2016) was a Dutch historian, writer, Holocaust survivor and Nazi hunter. He lost his wife and most of his family during The Holocaust. Schelvis was a plaintiff and expert witness during the trial of John Demjanjuk.


title: Getatchew Mekurya

paragraphs: Gétatchèw Mèkurya (Amharic: ጌታቸው መኩሪያ) (14 March 1935 – 4 April 2016) was an Ethiopian jazz saxophonist. Mekurya reached an international audience when his album "Negus of Ethiopian Sax" was re-released as part of the Ethiopiques CD series. Mekurya's playing style has been compared to free jazz.

paragraphs: Mekurya died in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia from a leg infection caused by diabetes on 4 April 2016, aged 81.


title: George Radosevich

paragraphs: George L. Radosevich (January 25, 1928 – April 4, 2016) was an American football defensive back. He played for the Baltimore Colts from 1954 through 1956. He played college football at the University of Pittsburgh. He was born in Brentwood, Pennsylvania.

paragraphs: Radosevich died of congestive heart failure on April 4, 2016 in Anderson, South Carolina, aged 88.


title: Abe Segal

paragraphs: Abe Segal (23 October 1930 – 4 April 2016) was a South African tennis player. He was born in Johannesburg, South Africa. During the 1950s and 1960s, he was the doubles partner of Gordon Forbes. Together, they were thought of as one of the best doubles teams in the world.

paragraphs: Due to South Africa's policy of Apartheid, Alex Metreveli and István Gulyás both refused to compete in the 1964 Wimbledon against Segal, a white South African. This created the International Lawn Tennis Federation to pass a resolution prohibiting racial discrimination and dropping out of the tournament except due to "health or bereavement"

paragraphs: In 1951 he won the singles title at the Irish Open defeating Guy Jackson in the final in straight sets. He played for the South African Davis Cup team in 19 ties in the years 1955, 57, 59, 61-65 and compiled a record of 24 wins and 14 losses.

paragraphs: After retiring from tennis, Segal worked on painting. In 2008 he published a memoir titled "Hey Big Boy!".

paragraphs: Segal died of cancer on 4 April 2016 in Cape Town, South Africa at the age of 85.


title: Zyta Gilowska

paragraphs: Zyta Janina Gilowska (7 July 1949 – 5 April 2016) was a Polish economist, academic, and politician. She was born in Nowe Miasto Lubawskie, Poland.

paragraphs: From 7 January to 23 June 2006, she was deputy prime minister and finance minister in the Law and Justice government under Kazimierz Marcinkiewicz. She was fired due to allegations about her communist-era collaboration. Paweł Wojciechowski replaced her as finance minister.

paragraphs: From 22 September 2006 to 16 November 2007, she again was deputy prime minister and finance minister. In October 2006, Gilowska was made the head of Poland's financial supervisory authority and the European Investment Bank governor of Poland.


title: László Bárczay

paragraphs: László Bárczay (21 February 1936 – 7 April 2016) was a Hungarian chess Grandmaster.

paragraphs: In 1966 he was awarded the FIDE International Master title. At the 1966 Olympiad in Havana, he scored 11/12 (ten wins and two draws) as second reserve for the bronze medal winning Hungarian team, winning the individual gold medal for sixth board. In 1967 he was awarded the Grandmaster title.


title: Frank E. Denholm

paragraphs: Franklin Edvard Denholm (November 29, 1923 – April 7, 2016) was an American politician. He was a member of the United States House of Representatives from South Dakota. He served in congress from 1971 through 1975. He was born in Scotland Township of Day County, South Dakota.

paragraphs: Denholm died on April 7, 2016, at the age of 92 in Brookings, South Dakota.


title: Carlo Monti

paragraphs: Carlo Monti (24 March 1920 – 7 April 2016) was an Italian athlete. He competed mainly in the 100 metres. He won two medals, one individual and one relay, in international athletics competitions.

paragraphs: Monte competed for an Italy in the 1948 Summer Olympics held in London, Great Britain in the 4 x 100 metre relay where he won the bronze medal with his team mates Michele Tito, Enrico Perucconi and Antonio Siddi. In 1946 in the European Championships Monti won the bronze medal in the 100 metres.


title: Dick Alban

paragraphs: Richard Herbert Alban (January 17, 1929 – April 8, 2016) was an American football defensive back. He played eight seasons for the Washington Redskins and Pittsburgh Steelers in the National Football League (NFL). Alban played college football at Northwestern University, where he was used at halfback and on defense.

paragraphs: Alban was drafted in the ninth round of the 1952 NFL Draft and started all 12 games for the Redskins his rookie year. His best season came in 1954, where he finished second in the league in interceptions with nine and was selected to his only Pro Bowl. He was traded to the Steelers in 1956 and retired after the 1959 campaign.


title: Ed Snider

paragraphs: Edward Malcolm Snider (January 6, 1933 – April 11, 2016), known as Ed Snider, was an American sportsperson. He was the chairman of Comcast Spectacor, a Philadelphia-based sports and entertainment company. He formerly owned the Philadelphia 76ers of the National Basketball Association.

paragraphs: Snider died in Montecito, California from bladder cancer on April 11, 2016, aged 83.


title: Choix des plus belles fleurs

paragraphs: Choix des plus belles fleurs ('Selection of the most beautiful flowers') is a book of watercolour paintings by French botanical artist Pierre-Joseph Redouté (10 July 1759 – 19 June 1840). The full title is "Choix des plus belles fleurs et de quelques branches des plus beaux fruits. Dédié à LL. AA. RR. les princesses Louise et Marie d'Orléans (1827)" in French. English translation of the title is: "Selection of the most beautiful flowers and some branches of the finest fruits".

paragraphs: A folio edition with colour pages was printed in Paris in 1827. From May 1827 to June 1833, 144 special pages with pictures were printed. The work was in 36 parts. Each part had four pictures of flowers, flowering trees, or fruit.

paragraphs: The printing method for such works in the 18th and early 19th century was engraving on copperplate. It is a form of intaglio printing.

paragraphs: Different colours could be got by running the plates through once for each colour, so building up the final picture. Fine colour works could also be hand-coloured by teams of women who were experts at the job. What this means is that every illustration in a book was coloured by hand. They had the artist's original in front of their eyes as they worked. The copper engraving gave the outline and any other black lines or areas.

paragraphs: In 1796, Redouté used a way to make prints which used both these methods. First, an engraver made an engraving from the painting, with small dots instead of lines. Then the colours were put on the engraved plate before each printing. After printing, each print was finished by hand with more colour. Redouté claimed to have invented this method. He was challenged in the courts, but he won the case.


title: Nera White

paragraphs: Nera D. White (November 15, 1935 – April 13, 2016) was an American basketball player. White played in the AAU national tournaments for the Nashville Business College team. Later, she led the United States national women's basketball team to their victory in the 1957 FIBA World Championship.

paragraphs: Throughout her career, she was honored many times and won many awards. She is in the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame and the Women's Basketball Hall of Fame. White played at a time when there were no major professional women's basketball leagues in the U.S. She was called one of the greatest female basketball players in history. Talented in multiple sports, she also was distinguished as an All-World player by the Amateur Softball Association.

paragraphs: White died on April 13, 2016 at a hospital in Gallatin, Tennessee from complications of pneumonia, at the age of 80.


title: Mircea Albulescu

paragraphs: Mircea Albulescu (; real name Iorgu Constantin Albulescu; 4 October 1934 – 8 April 2016) was a Romanian actor, university professor (Doctor of Arts), journalist, poet, and writer. He was a member of the Writers' Union of Romania ("Uniunea Scriitorilor"). He was known for his roles in "Michael the Brave", "Capcana mercenarilor", and "Semne în pustiu".

paragraphs: He was born in Bucharest. He graduated from the Secondary School of Architecture in 1952, and in 1956 he graduated from the Institute of Theatrical and Cinematographic Art in Bucharest.

paragraphs: Albulescu died on 8 April 2016 in Bucharest, Romania from heart failure, aged 81.


title: Wei Chueh

paragraphs: Wei Chueh (, 1928 – April 8, 2016) was a Chinese bhikkhu (Buddhist monk) in Taiwan. He was the founder of the Chung Tai Shan monastery and Buddhist order. Wei Chueh is often credited for reviving the traditional teachings of Chan Buddhism. Chueh was born in 1928 in Xikang (modern Sichuan).

paragraphs: Chueh died at the age of 88 on April 8, 2016.


title: Anne Gould Hauberg

paragraphs: Anne Gould Hauberg (November 13, 1917 – April 11, 2016) was an American civic activist, philanthropist and patroness of the arts. She was born in Seattle, Washington. Hauberg's philanthropic career began when two of her three children proved to be mentally disabled. The Haubergs gave funds for the creation of the Pilot School for Neurologically Impaired Children which opened in 1960. In 2007, the University of Washington Libraries' Artist Images Award was renamed the Anne Gould Hauberg Artist Images Award in her honor.

paragraphs: Hauberg died on April 11, 2016 in Seattle, Washington at the age of 98.


title: Hans Koschnick

paragraphs: Hans Koschnick (2 April 1929 in Bremen – 21 April 2016 in Bremen) was a German politician and elder statesman. He was a member of the SPD. He was the 4th President of the Senate and Mayor of the Free Hanseatic City of Bremen from 1967 to 1985. He was the 22nd and 33rd President of the Bundesrat in 1970/71 and 1981/82. He served as a member of the Bundestag, the German federal parliament, from 1987 to 1998. Between 1994 and 1996, Koschnick was the EU administrator of Mostar.

paragraphs: Koschnick died from complications of pneumonia, aged 87.


title: Guy Hamilton

paragraphs: Guy Hamilton (16 September 1922 – 20 April 2016) was an English movie director. He directed 22 movies from the 1950s to the 1980s, including four James Bond movies first being "Goldfinger" (1964).

paragraphs: He also directed ""An Inspector Calls"" (1954), with Alastair Sim, the musical comedy "Charley Moon" (1956) "Manuela" (1957), and "Battle of Britain" (1969). In the late 1980s, Hamilton was also asked to direct "Batman" (1989), but declined.

paragraphs: Hamilton died at the age of 93 on 20 April 2016 at his home in Majorca, Spain.


title: Anne Grommerch

paragraphs: Anne Grommerch (11 December 1970 – 15 April 2016) was a French politician. She was a member of the National Assembly of France. She was born in Thionville. She represented the Moselle department, and was a member of the Union for a Popular Movement. She replaced Jean-Marie Demange. Grommerch was also elected Mayor of Thionville in 2014.

paragraphs: Grommerch developed breast cancer in 2007. She died as a result of the disease on 15 April 2016 at the age of 45.


title: Estelle Balet

paragraphs: Estelle Balet (19 December 1994 – 19 April 2016) was a Swiss freeride snowboarder and two-time world champion in 2015 and 2016 at the Freeride World Tour.

paragraphs: Balet started skiing early in her childhood. At the age of ten she transitioned from skiing to snowboarding. Balet specialized particularly in switch, frontside 180, frontside 360 and jib. In 2015, Balet became the youngest ever Freeride World Tour champion when she won the women's snowboarding event. She won the same event in 2016.

paragraphs: On 19 April 2016, Balet died in an avalanche while snowboarding in Orsières. She was filming a snowboard segment for a film called "Exploring the Known" on Le Portalet in southwestern Switzerland. Despite swift action from emergency services and attendance from Air Glaciers, she died from her injuries.


title: Ronit Elkabetz

paragraphs: Ronit Elkabetz (November 1964 – 19 April 2016) was an Israeli actress and movie director. She worked in both Israeli and French cinema. She won three Ophir Awards and received a total of seven nominations. She was born in Beersheba. In 1994 she starred in "Sh'Chur". In 2008 she and Shlomi finished their second movie, "Shiva" ("Seven Days"), which won the Wolgin Award for Best Feature Film at the 2008 Jerusalem Film Festival.


title: Mehrdad Oladi

paragraphs: Mehrdad Oladi (, May 25, 1985 – April 19, 2016) was an Iranian footballer. He recently played for Malavan in the Iran Pro League. He usually played in the striker position.

paragraphs: He joined Malavan in the summer of 2009. Alongside Pejman Nouri, they had two great seasons with Malavan, reaching the final of the Hazfi Cup. He was the top scorer for Malavan with 15 goals in the 2010–11 season. In four games played in the Hazfi Cup, he scored five times.

paragraphs: He joined Esteghlal on 11 November 2013, with a one and half year contract. Oladi was released by Esteghlal in June 2014 and signed a contract with Malavan.


title: Duane Clarridge

paragraphs: Duane Ramsdell "Dewey" Clarridge (April 16, 1932 – April 9, 2016) was an American senior operations officer for the United States Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) and supervisor for more than 30 years. Clarridge was the chief of the Latin American division from 1981 to 1987 and a key figure in the Iran-Contra Affair.

paragraphs: Clarridge died at the age of 83, a week short of his 84th birthday in Leesburg, Virginia on April 9, 2016 from complications of esophageal cancer.


title: Tony Conrad

paragraphs: Anthony Schmaltz "Tony" Conrad (March 7, 1940 – April 9, 2016) was an American avant-garde video artist, experimental filmmaker, musician, composer, sound artist, teacher and writer. His career began in the early 1960s. He was a pioneer of both structural movie and drone music. Support for Conrad's work came from the National Endowment for the Arts, the New York State Council on the Arts, the State University of New York, The Rockefeller Foundation, and the New York Foundation for the Arts.

paragraphs: Conrad had been a faculty member in the State University of New York at Buffalo since 1976. He continued to teach there in the Department of Media Study as well as work on many notable B&W film image projects with Princess G. St. Mary until his death in 2016.

paragraphs: Conrad died in Cheektowaga, New York on April 9, 2016 at age 76 after fighting prostate cancer.


title: Juris Ekmanis

paragraphs: Juris Ekmanis, (2 December 1941 – 9 April 2016) was a Latvian educator and physicist. He was the President of Latvian Academy of Sciences from 2004 through 2012. He was appointed Junior Research Associate at the Riga Polytechnical Institute from 1961-1986, and Professor from 1986-1994.

paragraphs: He was Visiting Professor at Cornell University (Ithaca), Iowa State University (Ames), University of California, Berkeley, USA in 1974 and at Manchester University in 1993.

paragraphs: In 1976 he became a Visiting Scientist at McGill University (Montreal). In 1990 he became the Director of the Institute of the Physical Energetics at the Latvian Academy of Sciences.

paragraphs: Ekmanis died of complications from a stroke in Riga, Latvia on 9 April 2016, aged 74.


title: Will Smith (defensive end)

paragraphs: William Raymond Smith III (July 4, 1981 – April 9, 2016) was an American football defensive end in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for Ohio State and was drafted by the New Orleans Saints in the first round of the 2004 NFL draft, where he played for the entirety of his career.

paragraphs: Smith was shot and killed in New Orleans, Louisiana by Cardell Hayes after he crashed into Hayes's car. Smith was with his wife who was also injured. Smith was 34 years old.


title: Milt Pappas

paragraphs: Milton Steven "Milt" Pappas (May 11, 1939 – April 19, 2016) was an American professional baseball pitcher. Pappas, nicknamed "Gimpy", pitched for the Baltimore Orioles (1957–1965), Cincinnati Reds (1966–1968), Atlanta Braves (1968–1970) and Chicago Cubs (1970–1973). Pappas was born to Greek parents in Detroit, Michigan, and his birth name was Miltiades Stergios Papastergios.

paragraphs: Pappas pitched in 520 games, starting 465, with 209 wins, 164 losses, 43 shutouts, 1,728 strikeouts and a 3.40 ERA in 3,186 innings pitched.

paragraphs: Pappas died of natural causes on April 19, 2016 in Beecher, Illinois, aged 76.


title: Billy Redmayne

paragraphs: Billy Redmayne (1990/1991 – 19 April 2016) was a Manx soldier and motorcycle racer. He was born Laxey. He served in the Parachute Regiment in the War in Afghanistan. By 2013 he was able to devote all of his time to racing. He won the Newcomers Manx Grand Prix in 2014 and the Junior Manx Grand Prix a year later.

paragraphs: On 17 April 2016 he was hit from behind by another competitor in a crash at the Oliver's Mount Spring Cup in Scarborough, North Yorkshire. He was airlifted to James Cook University Hospital in Middlesbrough. His brain injuries were too severe for him to recover, and his partner and family made a decision for his life support to be switched off and his organs donated. He died two days after the accident on 19 April at the age of 25.


title: Louis Gladstone

paragraphs: Louis I. Gladstone (May 22, 1927 – April 10, 2016) was an American politician. He was born in Bridgeport, Connecticut.

paragraphs: Gladstone served on the City Council of Bridgeport, first elected in 1955, serving as minority leader. He was elected to the state senate in 1958 while still serving on the Common Council, as president. In the state senate, he served on the Public Utilities Commission and Cities, Boroughs, Roads and Bridges Committee. During his time in the state senate he also served a term as majority leader. Gladstone also served as Comptroller of Connecticut from 1967 to 1970.

paragraphs: Gladstone died in Bridgeport, Connecticut on April 10, 2016 at the age of 88.


title: Howard Marks

paragraphs: Dennis Howard Marks (13 August 1945 – 10 April 2016) was a Welsh drug smuggler turned author. He was known as an international cannabis smuggler through high-profile court cases. At his peak he smuggled as much as 30 tons, and was connected with groups as diverse as the CIA, the IRA, MI6, and the Mafia.

paragraphs: He was eventually convicted by the American Drug Enforcement Administration and handed a 25-year sentence to be served at Terre Haute; he was released in April 1995 after serving seven years. Though he had up to 43 different aliases, he became known as "Mr Nice" after he bought a passport from convicted murderer Donald Nice. After his release from prison, he published a best-selling autobiography, "Mr Nice", and campaigned publicly for changes in drugs legislation.

paragraphs: On 25 January 2015, it was announced that Marks had inoperable colorectal cancer. He died of the disease on 10 April 2016, at the age of 70.


title: Henryk Średnicki

paragraphs: Henryk Średnicki (17 January 1955 – 10 April 2016) was a Polish amateur boxer. He represented his native country twice at the Summer Olympics, starting in 1976 (Montreal, Canada).

paragraphs: Średnicki was best known for winning the world title at the second World Amateur Boxing Championships in 1978, beating Cuba's Héctor Ramírez in the final.


title: Sir John Leslie, 4th Baronet

paragraphs: Captain Sir John Leslie, 4th Baronet (John Norman Ide Leslie, 6 December 1916 – 18 April 2016), known locally as Jack Leslie, was an Irish aristocrat and media personality.

paragraphs: He was the eldest son of Shane Leslie (Sir John Randolph Leslie, 3rd Baronet) and Marjorie Ide. He became the fourth baronet when his father died in 1971. He was the owner of Castle Leslie in Glaslough.

paragraphs: Leslie died at the age of 99 in Ireland on 18 April 2016.


title: Kerima (actress)

paragraphs: Kerima (born February 10, 1925) is a French movie actress. She was best known for her role in "Outcast of the Islands".

paragraphs: She was born in Toulouse, France to French parents. She studied medicine before finding success in acting.

paragraphs: Kermia was active in movies throughout the 1950s and early 1960s, working with Italian and American directors including Joseph Mankiewicz and Howard Hawks. Her last known work were minor parts in 1972, the last being a bellydancer in one episode of "The Adventurer", a British TV series.


title: Toralv Maurstad

paragraphs: Toralv Maurstad (born 24 November 1926 in Bærum, Norway) is a famous Norwegian actor of stage, screen and television. He graduated from the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art (RADA) in London in 1949. His only American movie appearance was starring in the 1970 box office and critical disaster "Song of Norway". He is thought as perhaps the greatest interpreter of Henrik Ibsen's "Peer Gynt", having played the part numerous times.


title: Eva Henning

paragraphs: Eva Henning (born Eva Wetlesen; 10 May 1920 – 18 April 2016) was a Swedish stage and movie actress. She was known for her roles in "Elvira Madigan" (1943), "Flickan från tredje raden" (1949), and in "The Firebird" (1952). She was born in Newark, New York to Swedish parents.

paragraphs: Henning died in Oslo, Norway on 18 April 2016, aged 95.


title: Cox Habbema

paragraphs: Cornelia "Cox" Habbema (21 March 1944 – 18 April 2016) was a Dutch movie and television actress. From 1968 to 1984 she played in movies for the East-German filmproduction DEFA. She was known for her roles in "To Grab the Ring" (1968), "Eolomea" (1972), "The Incorrigible Barbara" (1977), "Apprehension" (1982) and "A Question of Silence" (1982). She was born in Amsterdam, Noord-Holland, Netherlands.

paragraphs: Habbema died of cancer in Amsterdam on 18 April 2016, aged 72.


title: Yuri Bychkov

paragraphs: Yuri Alexandrovich Bychkov (; September 1, 1931, Lopasnya – April 18, 2016, Moscow) was a Russian art historian. He was a member of the Union of Artists and the Union of Theatre Workers of the Russian Federation. He was director of writer's house museum in Melikhovo from 1994 through 2004.

paragraphs: He graduated from the Moscow Aviation Institute. He was one of the founders VOOPIK (All-Russian Society for Historic Preservation and Cultural Organization).

paragraphs: Bychkov died in Moscow on April 18, 2016, aged 84.


title: Peter Rock (musician)

paragraphs: Peter Mociulski von Remenyk (September 3, 1945 – April 16, 2016), known by his stage name Peter Rock, was a Chilean rock and roll and nueva ola musician. He sang in Festival de Viña del Mar and in Bierfest Valdivia. In 2014, he appeared in a Chilean movie titled "Blood Sugar Baby".

paragraphs: He was born near Vienna in 1945, shortly after the death of his father. His mother remarried and the family emigrated to Chile in 1955.

paragraphs: In October 2014, he was diagnosed with ALS, which kept him in a wheelchair. He died on Viña del Mar on 16 April, 2016.


title: Louis Pilot

paragraphs: Louis Pilot (11 November 1940 – 16 April 2016) was a Luxembourgian football player and manager. Pilot started his footballing career at his home town club CS Fola Esch, before signing for Belgian team Standard Liège at the age of 20.

paragraphs: In November 2003, to celebrate UEFA's jubilee, he was selected by the Luxembourg Football Federation as the country's Golden Player - the greatest player of the last 50 years.


title: Dene Smuts

paragraphs: Muldene "Dene" Smuts (July 13, 1949 – April 21, 2016) was a South African politician. She was a member of Parliament for the Democratic Alliance, serving in many capacities, including as Shadow Minister of Justice and Constitutional Development. Smuts was editor of "Fair Lady" magazine, managing editor of "Leadership", and was a prize-winning author.

paragraphs: Smuts was Broadcasting and Telecoms spokesperson for both the Democratic Party (DP) and Democratic Alliance (DA) from 1994 and 1996. In 1992, Smuts became South Africa’s first female whip in Parliament and served as DP party chairperson from 1994 to 1997.


title: Rod Daniel

paragraphs: Rollin Augustus "Rod" Daniel III (August 4, 1942 – April 16, 2016) was an American television and movie director. He directed the movies "Teen Wolf" (1985), "Like Father Like Son" (1987), "K-9" (1989), "The Super" (1991), "Beethoven's 2nd" (1993) and "Home Alone 4: Taking Back The House" (2002).

paragraphs: Daniel died at his home in Chicago, Illinois on April 16, 2016 from Parkinson's disease, aged 73.


title: Jeanette Bonnier

paragraphs: Johanna Margaret Jeanette Bonnier, (January 23, 1934 – April 16, 2016), was a Swedish media proprietor, journalist and author. She was the daughter of the publisher Albert Bonnier Jr. and Birgit Flodquist and the sister of Charlotte Bonnier. She was known because she held one of the largest stakes of the Bonnier Group. She was a journalist for "Expressen".

paragraphs: Bonnier died in Stockholm, Sweden from heart failure on April 16, 2016, aged 82.


title: Banharn Silpa-archa

paragraphs: Banharn Silpa-archa (parts of his name also spelt variously Banhan, Silapa-, Sinlapa-, and -acha; , , , 19 August 1932 – 23 April 2016) was a Thai politician. He was the Prime Minister of Thailand from 1995 to 1996. Banharn made a fortune in the construction business before he became a Member of Parliament. He represented his home province of Suphanburi.

paragraphs: He held different cabinet posts in several governments. In 1994, he became the leader of the Thai Nation Party. In 2008, the party was dissolved by the Constitutional Court and Banharn has been banned from politics for five years.

paragraphs: Banharn died from an asthma attack on 23 April 2016 at Siriraj Hospital in Bangkok at the age of 83.


title: David J. C. MacKay

paragraphs: Sir David John Cameron MacKay, FRS, FInstP, FICE (22 April 1967 – 14 April 2016) was a British physicist, mathematician, and academic. He was the Regius Professor of Engineering in the Department of Engineering at the University of Cambridge and from 2009 to 2014 was Chief Scientific Adviser to the UK Department of Energy and Climate Change (DECC). Before being appointed to the DECC, MacKay was most well known as author of the book "Sustainable Energy – Without the Hot Air".

paragraphs: MacKay died of stomach cancer in Cambridge, England on 14 April 2016, aged 48.


title: Arnold Wesker

paragraphs: Sir Arnold Wesker FRSL (24 May 1932 – 12 April 2016) was a British dramatist. He was known for his works in drama. He was the author of 50 plays, four volumes of short stories, two volumes of essays, a book on journalism, a children's book, extensive journalism, poetry and other assorted writings.

paragraphs: His plays have been translated into up to 20 different languages and performed worldwide.

paragraphs: Wesker died of complications from Parkinson's disease on 12 April 2016 in Brighton, England, aged 83.


title: David Gest

paragraphs: David Alan Gest (May 11, 1953 – April 12, 2016) was an American entertainer, comedian, producer and television personality. Gest produced the highest-rated musical television special in history, "" in 2001.

paragraphs: Gest appeared on the 2006 series of the British reality television show "I'm a Celebrity... Get Me Out of Here!" He became the first American to have three prime-time series in the UK. Gest appeared in "Celebrity Big Brother" in the UK in 2016 but due to illness had to leave after 13 days.

paragraphs: He was married to actress Liza Minnelli from 2002 until they divorced in 2007.

paragraphs: On April 12, 2016, Gest was found dead in his room at the Four Seasons Hotel in East London's Canary Wharf district, at the age of 62. His death was described by police as involving no suspicious circumstances. It was soon reported Gest died of a stroke.


title: Pedro de Felipe

paragraphs: Pedro Eugenio de Felipe Cortés (18 July 1944 – 12 April 2016) was a Spanish footballer who played as a central defender. He was born in Madrid. de Felipe arrived at Real Madrid in 1964 at the age of 20. He won the 1965–66 European Cup while playing in seven complete matches. de Felipe gained one cap for Spain, playing the full 90 minutes in a 0–0 friendly with Turkey on 17 October 1973, in Istanbul.


title: Gianroberto Casaleggio

paragraphs: Gianroberto Casaleggio (; 14 August 1954 – 12 April 2016) was an Italian entrepreneur and political activist. He was co-founder and chairman of Casaleggio Associati srl and editor of Beppe Grillo's blog. He was also co-founder, with Beppe Grillo, of the Five Star Movement, of which he was sometimes called "guru". Casaleggio promoted the Web in Italy as a medium for political communication.

paragraphs: Casaleggio died on 12 April 2016 at the age of 61, after a long-illness.


title: Paul Carey

paragraphs: Paul Carey (March 15, 1928 – April 12, 2016) was an American broadcaster and sportscaster. He broadcast professionally in six different decades. He is a member of the Michigan Sports Hall of Fame. He was known for broadcasting the Detroit Tigers games and for producing the Detroit Tigers Radio Network from 1964 to 1971.

paragraphs: Carey died on April 12, 2016 in Rochester, Michigan from complications of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), at the age of 88.


title: Liang Sili

paragraphs: Liang Sili (; 24 August 1924 – 14 April 2016) was a Chinese rocket and missile system control scientist, and an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS).

paragraphs: He was the youngest son of Chinese scholar and reformist Liang Qichao. His elder brothers, Liang Sicheng and Liang Siyong, were also academicians.

paragraphs: He was appointed at the Institute of Telecommunications Technology (Ministry of Posts & Telecommunications) and later Institute of Electronic Science (Communication Department of PLA). In 1956, Liang transferred to the Fifth Institute of Ministry of Defense. He became the deputy director of Research Office of Missile Control System, working under Qian Xuesen. He acted an important role on the design of Dongfeng 2A missile, Dongfeng 5 missile, Long March 2 rocket and Long March 3 rocket.

paragraphs: Liang was elected an academician of the International Academy of Astronautics in 1987, and academician of CAS in 1993. He became the vice-president of the International Astronautical Federation in 1994.

paragraphs: Liang died on 14 April 2016 at the age of 91 in Beijing.


title: Ilija Ivezić

paragraphs: Ilija Ivezić (20 July 1926 – 14 April 2016) was a Croatian movie actor. He was born in Ričice, Gračac, Croatia.

paragraphs: In a career that spanned more than fifty years, Ivezić worked with directors Fadil Hadžić, Krsto Papić, Vatroslav Mimica, Veljko Bulajić, and Antun Vrdoljak, among many others. He was known for his roles in "Last of the Renegades" (1964), "Die Rechnung - eiskalt serviert" (1966), "Acting Hamlet in the Village of Mrdusa Donja" (1974), "The Golden Years" (1993) and in "Marshal Tito's Spirit" (1999)

paragraphs: Ivezić died on 14 April 2016 in Zagreb, Croatia, aged 89.


title: Manouchehr Sotoudeh

paragraphs: Manouchehr Sotoudeh (, 19 July 1913 – 13 April 2016) was an Iranian geographer and scholar of Persian literature. He wrote 60 books and nearly 300 articles. He is the first Iranian who published the first dialectal dictionary. He was also a professor of University of Tehran.

paragraphs: Sotoudeh died in Chalus, Iran from respiratory failure on 13 April 2016, aged 102.


title: Mariano Mores

paragraphs: Mariano Martínez, better known as Mariano Mores (18 February 1918 – 13 April 2016), was a famous Argentine tango composer, pianist and conductor. He was born in Buenos Aires.

paragraphs: Together with Enrique Santos Discépolo, he authored such classics as "Uno" (1943), "Sin palabras" (1946) and "Cafetín de Buenos Aires" (1948). Mores and José María Contursi wrote "En esta tarde gris" (1941), "Tu piel de jazmín" (1941), "Grisel" (1942) and "Cristal" (1944). He co-wrote "La calesita" (1953) and "El patio de la morocha" (1951) with Cátulo Castillo, "Una lágrima tuya" (1949) with Homero Manzi and, "Cuartito Azul" (1939) with Mario Battistella.

paragraphs: Mores died on 13 April 2016 in Buenos Aires at the age of 98.


title: Leonie Kramer

paragraphs: Dame Leonie Judith Kramer (1 October 1924 – 20 April 2016) was an Australian academic, educator and professor. She is known to be the first female professor of English in Australia, first woman to chair the Australian Broadcasting Corporation and the first female chancellor of the University of Sydney. She was made the Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire and the Companion of the Order of Australia.

paragraphs: Kramer died in Sydney, Australia on 20 April 2016 from complications of Alzheimer's disease at the age of 91.


title: Marina South Pier MRT station

paragraphs: Marina South Pier MRT station (NS28) is an underground Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) station along the North South Line, in Straits View planning area, Singapore. It is the southern terminal station of the North South Line. The station is located near the Marina South Pier and the Marina Bay Cruise Centre Singapore.


title: Braddell MRT station

paragraphs: Braddell MRT station (NS18) is an underground Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) station located on the North South Line in Toa Payoh, Singapore. It was the first underground station on the MRT network with side platforms due to space constraints.


title: Boris Hybner

paragraphs: Boris Hybner (August 5, 1941 — April 2, 2016) was a Czech actor and mime artist. In 2010, Hybner won the Thalia Award. He was known for his movies "Jára Cimrman Lying, Sleeping" (1983), "Dissolved and Effused" (1985), "Cosy Dens" (1999), "I'm All Good" (2008), "Toys in the Attic" (2009) and in "Marguerite" (2015).

paragraphs: Hybner died on April 2, 2016 in Prague at the age of 74 from an illness.


title: Nguyen Anh 9

paragraphs: Nguyen Anh 9 (born Nguyen Dinh Anh, January 1, 1940 – April 14, 2016) was a Vietnamese songwriter and pianist.

paragraphs: He was born in Ninh Thuan Province, Vietnam on January 1, 1940. He was raised in Nha Trang and in Saigon. Nguyen Dinh Anh studied at Taberd until 1954 and went to Da Lat.

paragraphs: Nguyen Anh 9 started his songwriting career in a very accidental way when touring Japan with Khanh Ly. Nguyen Anh 9 played the guitar he was holding right away and sang: ""Không! Không! Tôi không còn, tôi không còn yêu em nữa..."" ("No! No! I'm no longer, I'm no longer in love with you..."). When coming back to Vietnam, Khanh Ly suggested he write this song. At her suggestion, he finished writing his first song in a short time.

paragraphs: The song "Không" (No) was first recorded by Khanh Ly on vinyl with the disc title "Tình ca quê hương" (Native land love songs). "Không" became one of the signature songs of Elvis Phuong's singing career, as well as some other Nguyen Anh 9's songs such as "Ai đưa em về" (Who takes you home), "Chia phôi" (Parting), "Một lời cuối cho em" (One last word for you)... many performed by Elvis Phuong on the stage of Queen Bee discothèque in Saigon in early 1970s.

paragraphs: In 1982, Nguyen Anh 9 returned to the music industry. He continued to take part in the concerts and piano shows in many places. Nguyen Anh 9 was also invited to write the soundtracks for some movies such as "Mảnh tình nghiệt ngã" (Ill-fated love affair), "Mênh mông tình buồn" (Immensely sad love).

paragraphs: He died of pneumonia and heart failure in Ho Chi Minh City, aged 76.


title: Gareth Thomas

paragraphs: Gareth Daniel Thomas (12 February 1945 – 13 April 2016) was a Welsh actor. He was best known for his role as Roj Blake in the BBC science fiction television series "Blake's 7", but appeared in many other movies and television programmes, including Shem in the ITV sci-fi series "Star Maidens" and Adam Brake in the fantasy series "Children of the Stones".

paragraphs: Thomas died of heart failure in Surrey, Greater London on 13 April 2016, aged 71.


title: Ahmed Brahim

paragraphs: Ahmed Brahim (, "ʾAḥmad Ibrāhīm"; 14 June 1946 – 14 April 2016) was a Tunisian politician. He was the First Secretary of Ettajdid Movement and the leader of the Democratic Modernist Pole until April 2012, when his party merged into the Social Democratic Path of which he became the president. He was the Ettajdid Movement's candidate for President of Tunisia in the 2009 presidential election. He was a professor of French at the University of Tunis; his area of study was comparative linguistics.


title: Ray Thornton

paragraphs: Raymond Hoyt "Ray" Thornton, Jr. (July 16, 1928 – April 13, 2016) was an American politician. He was a member of the Democratic Party. He was a member of the U.S. Representative for Arkansas' 4th congressional district from 1973 to 1979 and the 2nd district from 1991 to 1997.

paragraphs: He studied among others at Yale University.

paragraphs: Thornton died in Little Rock, Arkansas on April 13, 2016, aged 87.


title: Chanhassen, Minnesota

paragraphs: Chanhassen is a city in Carver and Hennepin counties in the state of Minnesota. It is southwest of Minneapolis. The population was 22,952 at the 2010 census.

paragraphs: As of the census of 2010, there were 22,952 people, 8,352 households, and 6,257 families living in the city.

paragraphs: Chanhassen is home to several attractions that are well-recognized throughout the state and even nationally.

paragraphs: Chanhassen is located in Minnesota's 3rd congressional district, represented by Erik Paulsen, a Republican.

paragraphs: President George W. Bush was the first sitting United States president to visit Chanhassen.

paragraphs: Companies with headquarters in Chanhassen include:


title: William M. Gray

paragraphs: William "Bill" Mason Gray (October 9, 1929 – April 16, 2016) was Emeritus Professor of Atmospheric Science at Colorado State University (CSU), and the head of the Tropical Meteorology Project at CSU's Department of Atmospheric Sciences. He was widely regarded as a pioneer in the science of forecasting hurricanes and one of the world's leading experts on tropical storms. After retiring as a faculty member at CSU in 2005, Gray remained actively involved in both climate change and tropical cyclone research until his death.

paragraphs: Gray died in Fort Collins, Colorado on April 16, 2016, aged 86.


title: Newton MRT station

paragraphs: Newton MRT station (NS21/DT11) is an underground Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) station in Singapore. It is an interchange station between the North South MRT Line and Downtown MRT Line. The station was formerly known as Newton Circus. It is one of the stations that is not connected from North South line to Downtown line. The station transit area is public.

paragraphs: The station was opened on 12 December 1987 and the original station code is N4. Downtown Line station was opened on 27 December 2015, reducing the need to take bus services 171 and 700/700A.

paragraphs: On 5 October 2017, a Platform screen door on the North South Line platform did not work. The door, which is fitted with sensors to detect when the train doors opens, did not open when the train doors opened. SMRT staffs directed passengers to the nearest working door. A similar case happened at the Downtown Line platform at Botanic Gardens station.

paragraphs: On 7 to 8 October, this station was the temporary terminating point for trains travelling from Marina South Pier. This was due to the Bishan tunnel flooding which caused train services to be suspended between Ang Mo Kio and Newton. Normal train services resumed at around 2pm on 8 October.

paragraphs: As part of Exercise Station Guard 2018, a security exercise, X-ray machines and metal detectors are used in this station. It is also used as part of a trial in November 2018.


title: Canberra MRT station

paragraphs: Canberra MRT station (NS12) is an elevated Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) station on the North South Line, located along Canberra Link in Sembawang, Singapore.

paragraphs: The station was announced on 27 June 2014. Construction began on 26 March 2016 and station opened on 2 November 2019.


title: Bayfront MRT station

paragraphs: Bayfront MRT Station (CE1/DT16) is a MRT Station in Singapore. It is an interchange station between the Circle and Downtown lines. It serves mainly the Marina Bay Sands hotel and casino, an underground walkway also provides visitors with a convenient passage to Gardens by the Bay.

paragraphs: Bayfront was the fifth and newest station that has a cross-platform interchange, after City Hall, Raffles Place, Jurong East and Tanah Merah.

paragraphs: This station was opened on 14 January 2012 and commuters can view the glimpse of the Downtown Line until the line opens on 22 December 2013.

paragraphs: At the platform level, there are several platforms for the Bayfront MRT Station:

paragraphs: In addition, bus services 97, 106, 133, 502, 518 also stops at two of the key stops at Bayfront Avenue, which is next to Marina Bay Sands and Bayfront MRT Station respectively.


title: Peter Sellers (broadcaster)

paragraphs: Peter Heayne Joseph Sellers (1921/1922 – 22 April 2016) was a New Zealand sports broadcaster. He was born in the Wellington. He studied at Rongotai College. Sellers began working for the New Zealand Broadcasting Service in Wellington in 1952. He moved to Dunedin in 1958. He became one of the country's leading sports broadcasters, retiring in 1987. He was best known as a radio broadcaster, Sellers also presented a television sports show from the early 1960s until 1975.

paragraphs: Sellers died in Dunedin on 22 April 2016, aged 94.


title: Kit West

paragraphs: Kit West (1936 – 16 April 2016) was a British special effects artist. He was known for his work in "Raiders of the Lost Ark" and "Return of the Jedi". In his career, West has been nominated three times but won an Academy Awards for his work in special affects. He was born in London.

paragraphs: West died on 17 April 2016 in London, aged 79.


title: Zena Latto

paragraphs: Zena Latto (October 25, 1925 – April 5, 2016) was an American jazz clarinetist and saxophonist. During the 1940s and 1950s, she played with the big band the International Sweethearts of Rhythm. She bought a baritone saxophone to stay with that group and continued to perform with the Sweethearts until 1955. Latto performed with her own band the Modern Moods from 1955 to 1957.

paragraphs: Latto died in Jacksonville, Florida on April 5, 2016, aged 90.