title: Kilmarnock

paragraphs: Kilmarnock (; locally known as "Killie") is a large burgh in East Ayrshire, Scotland, with 44,170 people. It is roughly between Glasgow and Ayr, and is the second largest town in Ayrshire. The River Irvine runs through its eastern section, and the Kilmarnock Water passes through it, giving rise to the name 'Bank Street'.

paragraphs: The name comes from the Gaelic "cill" ("cell"), and the name of Saint Marnoch or Mernoc who is also remembered in the name of Portmarnock in Ireland, and Inchmarnock. It may come from the three Gaelic elements "mo", 'my', "Ernán" (name of the saint) and the diminutive "ag", giving "Church of My Little Ernán". Some people think that the saint founded a church there in the 7th century. There are 12 Church of Scotland congregations in the town, plus other denominations. In 2005, the Reverend David W. Lacy, minister of the town's Henderson Church, was elected Moderator of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland.

paragraphs: The core of the early town appears to have lain around what is now the Laigh Kirk (Low Church), although the oldest parts of the current building are no earlier than the 17th century, extending north and northwest. A comparatively modest settlement until the industrial revolution, Kilmarnock extended considerably from around 1800 onwards. This resulted in formal, planned developments such as King Street, Portland Street, Saint Marnock Street, and latterly John Finnie Street; the latter often suggested as one of the finest Victorian planned streets in Scotland.

paragraphs: Kilmarnock's traditional industries were based around textiles and heavy engineering: e.g. locomotives (Andrew Barclay and Sons) from 1837 through 1970, and valves (Glenfield and Kennedy), which are still in production; and carpets (manufactured by BMK) from the early 1900s.

paragraphs: The carpets manufactured in Kilmarnock were internationally known for their quality and intricacy since the late 1800s. Many locations around the world chose to install BMK carpets. Famously, RMS Titanic was carpeted using carpets manufactured by Stoddard Carpets, the parent company and successor to BMK. Primarily due to a move by the UK market towards laminated and hard-wood flooring, but also partially due to a long decline in the industry in the area as well as cheaper, but noticeably less hard-wearing foreign competition, carpet-making finally ceased in Kilmarnock in early 2005.

paragraphs: Archibald Finnie and his family lived at Springhill House (now a nursing home) near the Grange Academy. They owned many coal mines, pits and other companies in Springside and other places. John Finnie Street is named after one of the family. Shoes were also a major product for some time, with Saxone having a factory in the town on the site of where the Galleon leisure centre is now.

paragraphs: Kilmarnock had one of the earliest tram railways in the world, running to Troon over the (recently restored) Laigh Milton viaduct. The Glasgow and South Western Railway also set up their works here, producing nearly 400 locomotives by the time it was absorbed by the London, Midland and Scottish Railway in 1923. Some work continued, but heavy repairs were sent to St. Rollox. Locomotive repairs finished in 1952, and the works closed in 1959. Nevertheless locomotives are still made by Hunslett-Barclay, as well as the maintenance of existing diesel and electric multiple units.

paragraphs: From 1946 tractors were also built in Kilmarnock, with a large Massey-Harris factory present on the outskirts of the town. It later became Massey-Ferguson, before closing in 1980. Glenfield and Kennedy still survives albeit with a fraction of its former workforce, which at its height numbered in the thousands. Kilmarnock however is still home to the world famous Johnnie Walker's brand Scotch whisky. On the outskirts of the town is Scotland's first privately run prison, HM Prison Kilmarnock.

paragraphs: The textile and manufacturing sectors across Scotland suffered significant decline in the postwar period, and in particular from the 1960s, in the face of greater foreign competition. Kilmarnock was no exception, with the closure or significant reduction of many of its traditional large employers: Glenfield and Kennedy, Massey Ferguson, BMK, and Saxone. Although significant attempts have been made to halt this decline and attract new employers, Kilmarnock saw a continuing net loss of jobs in the five years to 2005.

paragraphs: Although traditionally a main shopping area for most of the surrounding districts, patterns have changed over the last 20 years; traditional centres such as Ayr have been joined by new developments at Braehead and East Kilbride.

paragraphs: This difficult economic climate is most visible in the town centre, the eastern part of which has been extensively redeveloped, with important historic buildings such as King Street Church and the Town Hall being demolished, and Duke Street (the link from Kilmarnock Cross to the Palace Theatre and out to the London Road) built over.

paragraphs: More recently Portland Street, which formed the northerly part of the main shopping area, lay abandoned for many years due to a decline in retail trade and in the face of possible comprehensive redevelopment. The street has now been redeveloped, but has not yet regained its former degree of popularity, with a Gala Bingo and a J.D. Wetherspoons taking up much of one side of the street and the rest largely occupied by chain stores.

paragraphs: In 2004, the "Rough Guide to Scotland" described the town as "shabby and depressed, saddled with some terrible shopping centres and a grim one-way system". The town, however, contains several parks such as Howard Park, Dean Park, and Kay Park, and residential areas including London Road, Dundonald Road, McLelland Drive, and Howard Park Drive. The town also boasts a collection of gift shops, cafes, bars, and restaurants within the very desirable Bank Street area, whilst offering retail options within its retail parks at Queen's Drive and Glencairn Square.

paragraphs: According to the local press in November 2007, the new SNP council have drawn up a "Top Ten Hit List" on 'eyesore' buildings in the town, and their owners and have revealed plans to crack down hard on property owners who have left their buildings fall into disrepair. A plan of action is being carried out to get something done with each of these sites. Many of the buildings in disrepair are irreplaceable listed buildings such as the former ABC cinema (previously the King's Theatre) on Titchfield Street.

paragraphs: A four-star hotel recently opened next to Rugby Park, the home of Kilmarnock F.C., and new restaurants, such as "Merchants" and the award winning "Jefferson Restaurant" have opened in the town centre.

paragraphs: Regeneration activities have been discussed for Kilmarnock town centre; in early 2006, an application to Historic Scotland's Conservation Area Regeneration Scheme was successful, and as of July 2006 an application under the Heritage Lottery Fund's Townscape Heritage Initiative Scheme was pending. Work has pretty much finished on a quality housing development on the gapsite of the former Kilmarnock Infirmary north of the town centre.

paragraphs: In the past there have been major efforts to improve the quality of life for residents in the town's worst housing estates, especially in parts of Shortlees, Longpark and Onthank. Though the physical rehabilitation of housing in these areas has partly tackled the underlying problems of social exclusion, Onthank is arguably that most successful area of regeneration in question.

paragraphs: Much new quality housing has been constructed on the northern fringes of the town, in order to service the demand for commuter housing. With a journey time of 20 minutes from Kilmarnock to Glasgow (roughly half that of the existing train service), the M77 motorway has transformed the link between Glasgow and Kilmarnock. The upgrading of the A77 route to Glasgow to the M77 motorway in 2005 has made Kilmarnock more accessible for commuters, and recent house price increases have reflected this.

paragraphs: In 1812, the famous Kilmarnock and Troon Railway opened, mainly to carry coal from the area to the harbour at Troon, but also carrying passengers.

paragraphs: In 1904, Kilmarnock had its own tramway system built. The name of the company was Kilmarnock Corporation Tramways. An electric power station was built in the south bank of the River Irvine at Riccarton. Overhead power lines and tram lines were laid. With continued upgrading and expansion, the tram network at its peak went from Ayr Road in Riccarton at its southerly point, to Knockinlaw Road in Beansburn in the North. At Kilmarnock Cross, the line had an easterly spur that stretched along London Road, through Crookedholm and finally terminating at Hurlford. There had been proposed extensions along Portland Road, up John Finnie Street, West Langlands Street and eventually towards Crosshouse, but by this time, increasing costs and the far more flexible motor bus had made inroads and the trams ceased operation in 1926 during the General Strike. The council decided not to restart the service and the infrastructure was soon dismantled. Today the town is served by Kilmarnock railway station.

paragraphs: Kilmarnock has excellent road links to Glasgow with the M77 motorway now extending as far as Fenwick.

paragraphs: Kilmarnock is on the main road between Edinburgh, Livingston, South Lanarkshire, and Ayrshire (Irvine).

paragraphs: Kilmarnock has 17 schools; 13 primary and four secondary. There is also a college in the town, Kilmarnock College, formerly Kilmarnock Technical College. The schools are managed by East Ayrshire Council.

paragraphs: The town is host to a football club named Kilmarnock F.C., the oldest professional club in Scotland. Their home ground is the curiously named Rugby Park. The reason for the name of the ground is that when founded, the club played both football and rugby. The club has the largest supporter base of any team outside Scotland's four major cities. Rugby Park was also one of the first football grounds in Scotland to have floodlights installed. In recent years the stadium has been modernised, firstly to bring it in line with the all-seating regulations, then rebuilt totally to make a new ground. It has also hosted international football matches as well as music concerts, the most recent one was when Elton John performed here in June 2005. Derek Olgavie is also a regular appearance in the Palace Theatre.

paragraphs: The town also regularly plays host to professional wrestling shows, promoted by the British Championship Wrestling promotion.

paragraphs: There are two golf courses in the town, Annanhill Golf Course and Caprington Golf Course, which has both an 18 hole course and a nine hole course. Both these courses are council owned and run by East Ayrshire Council.

paragraphs: The local leisure complexes include the Galleon Centre: with a 25 metre swimming pool, baby pool, ice rink, squash courts, sauna, gym, games hall, bar area, bowling green and the New Northwest Centre (formerly the Hunter Centre) which contains an up-to-date community gym and various local medical facilities.

paragraphs: A leisurely stroll around the town will reveal many fine buildings. Kilmarnock boasts a large number of listed buildings. The Dick Institute, opened in April 1901, was severely damaged by fire only eight years after it opened. Some of the museums collections were lost in the fire. It reopened two years after the fire in 1911. The Dick Institute was used as an Auxiliary Hospital in 1917 during World War One.It is now shared by the Arts and Museums Service, and the Libraries, Registration and Information Service. The two Art Galleries and three Museum Galleries house permanent and temporary displays of Fine Art, Contemporary Art and Craft, Local and Industrial History and Natural Sciences. The Lending Library, Audio Library, Junior Library, Reference Library, and Learning Centre are all housed on the ground floor.

paragraphs: The first collection of work by Scottish poet Robert Burns, "Poems, chiefly in the Scottish dialect" was published here in 1786. It was published at the current site of the Burn's Mall, dedicated to his work. This edition is known as the "Kilmarnock Edition".

paragraphs: Two areas of Kilmarnock, Ellerslie and Riccarton, are associated with William Wallace and his father. Claims have been made that this is the true origin of his birthplace, and recently these have been largely substantiated. The claim that Wallace was born in Elderslie near Paisley no longer seems tenable.

paragraphs: John Bowring, renowned polyglot and fourth governor of Hong Kong, was Member of Parliament for Kilmarnock in 1835.

paragraphs: In the castle of Kilmarnock, Dean Castle, there is an exhibition of armour and weapons, and the Van Raalte collection of musical instruments.

paragraphs: Kilmarnock - as part of East Ayrshire Council - is twinned with five European cites and has received awards from the Council of Europe for its work in twinning.


title: Falkirk

paragraphs: Falkirk is a town in Scotland. It is home to Scottish Premier League football club Falkirk F.C.


title: The Scotsman

paragraphs: The Scotsman is a daily newspaper from Scotland, United Kingdom. It has recently been changed to a compact form, but the Sunday version remains a broadsheet


title: BBC Sport

paragraphs: BBC Sport is part of the bbc.co.uk website run by the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC). It covers all sports from football and rugby to less high-profile sports such as hockey or badminton. The site includes an discussion board called 606 to allow fans to discuss events and sports-related news. BBC Sport also covers sporting events on BBC Radio 5 Live and BBC television, e.g. The Olympics.


title: Turkey national football team

paragraphs: The Turkish national football team is the national football team of the Republic of Turkey and is worked by the Turkish Football Federation. They are in association with UEFA.

paragraphs: Turkey has a footballing tradition that has been good and bad. In World Cup competition Turkey has qualified three times for the 1950, 1954, and 2002 editions. Turkey failed to make an appearance for the 1950 World Cup because they withdrew.

paragraphs: Turkey made it to the semi-finals during the UEFA Euro 2008, but then lost to Germany.


title: Falkirk F.C.

paragraphs: Falkirk Football Club is a Scottish professional football club currently playing in the Scottish Premier League.

paragraphs: In the club's early years, a wide number of pitches and stadia were used. In 1885, the site of Brockville Park in Falkirk was leased, and there the club remained until the last day of the 2002-03 season. Due to Brockville's central location in the town, and the SPL's stringent stadium requirements, the dilapidated Brockville site, home of Falkirk for over 100 years, was no longer suitable for the club's ambitions. For season 2003-04, the club groundshared with Stenhousemuir at Ochilview stadium on the outskirts of the town. At the start of 2004-05 they moved into their new purpose built stadium which meets SPL criteria. The ground currently consists of two stands with a third due to start in the coming months.

paragraphs: The old Brockville ground was demolished in 2003/2004 and the land is now home to a branch of the Morrisons supermarket, which has several items of Falkirk F.C. memorabilia on site, including a turnstile from the old ground.


title: Hampden Park

paragraphs: Hampden Park in Glasgow is Scotland's national football stadium. Its primary use is the home of Queen's Park F.C. and the Scotland national football team. It is also used for pop concerts and other sporting events.

paragraphs: Hampden was built in 1903, though all signs of the original stadium are long gone. It is known throughout the world as an iconic home of football and celebrated its centenary on October 31 2003. The stadium also houses the offices of the Scottish Football Association and the Scottish Professional Football League. During the 2012 Olympics it also hosted matches during the early stages of the Olympic football tournament. It has also hosted prestigious sporting events such as the finals of the European Cup (now the UEFA Champions League) and the UEFA Cup.

paragraphs: Hampden was the key stadium of the 2014 Commonwealth Games. It hosted the athletics during the tournament, Glasgow having been announced as the host city on 9 November 2007.

paragraphs: The Scottish Cup Final is played at Hampden annually in May, for the honour of lifting the world's oldest national trophy - the Scottish Football Association Challenge Cup, made in 1873. Queen's Park were the first winners, beating Clydesdale F.C. 2-0 in the 1874 final.

paragraphs: Hampden Park hosted the 1960 European Cup final between Real Madrid and Eintracht Frankfurt, where over 130,000 people watched Real Madrid win 7-3. The 1976 final was also held at Hampden, when FC Bayern Munich defeated AS Saint-Etienne. Real Madrid were again victorious when Hampden Park hosted the final of the UEFA Champions League in 2002, defeating Bayer Leverkusen, aided by Zinedine Zidane's legendary "wonder goal". Hampden Park also hosted the 2007 UEFA Cup Final on May 16 when Sevilla defeated Espanyol to retain the trophy. It also held famous wins for the Scotland national football team, such as the 1-0 wins over Netherlands in November 2003, and against France in October 2006. One of the most exciting Scottish Cup Finals in history commenced at Hampden on May 4 2002 as Rangers defeated Celtic 3-2 with a last-minute diving header from Peter Løvenkrands. Diego Maradona made his international debut at Hampden Park and scored.

paragraphs: Among the British and European capacity records Hampden holds are:

paragraphs: In American football, the Scottish Claymores of NFL Europe played at the stadium between 1998 and 2004 before decamping to Hamburg to become the Hamburg Sea Devils. The league's championship game, the World Bowl, was held there in 2003. In that game, the Frankfurt Galaxy beat Rhein Fire.

paragraphs: The stadium has also hosted concerts, and in 2000 was the venue for a boxing card headlined by former world champion Mike Tyson. Robbie Williams' concert in September 2006 forced the Scottish national team to play their first Euro 2008 qualifier at Celtic Park instead.

paragraphs: Hampden hosted the athletics events at the 2014 Commonwealth Games. Glasgow was announced as the host city on 9th November 2007.


title: Feodor III of Russia

paragraphs: Feodor (Theodore) III Alexeevich of Russia was born on June 9, 1661, and died on May 7, 1682. He was the Tsar of all Russia between 1676 and 1682.


title: Lengnau, Berne

paragraphs: Lengnau is a municipality in the administrative district of Biel/Bienne in the canton of Bern in Switzerland.


title: Sivasspor

paragraphs: Sivasspor is a Turkish football club founded in 1967. Its stadium, the Sivas 4 Eylül Stadium is in Sivas city. Sivasspor's colours are red and white. It is called "Yiğidolar" in Turkey. Sivasspor became fourth in the Turkey Turkcell Super League 2007/2008 season. Sivasspor will play first match in Europe with Grbalj team to join Uefa Cup.


title: Otto Abetz

paragraphs: Otto Abetz (3 March 1903 in Schwetzingen, Germany – 5 May 1958) was a German diplomat. In 1931, he became a member of the NSDAP and worked until 1934 as "Reichsjugendführer". Starting in 1935, he worked for Joachim von Ribbentrop as expert for French. He was German ambassador for the Vichy-Government from 1940 to 1944.

paragraphs: After the War he went to prison for 20 years. He was released from prison in 1954. He died on 5 May 1958 in an auto accident near Langenfeld, North Rhine-Westphalia, on the Cologne-Ruhr autobahn.


title: Statute of Labourers 1351

paragraphs: The Statute of Labourers was a law created by the English parliament under King Edward III in 1351 about labour shortage. It was first made known by Sir John Halles.


title: Christine de Pizan

paragraphs: Christine de Pizan, sometimes known as "de Pisan", (Venice 1364 – about 1430) was an Italian French late mediaeval author. She spent most of her childhood and all of her adult life in Paris and then the abbey at Poissy. She wrote only in her adopted language, Middle French. She challenged the male-dominated realm of the arts. She is known as Europe’s first professional woman writer.

paragraphs: She wrote both poetry and prose works. There were biographies and books of practical advice for women. She wrote 41 works in her 30-year career from 1399–1429. She married in 1380 at the age of 15, and was widowed 10 years later.

paragraphs: Her influence spread through all of Europe. It affected the social life of many Europeans because she gave confidence to women that they could rise beyond what men told them to do. Some scholars think this is misreading her intentions.


title: Danse Macabre

paragraphs: Dance of Death (; ; ) is a late-medieval allegory on death: no matter who a person is, the dance of death unites all.


title: Patrick Poivre d'Arvor

paragraphs: Patrick Poivre d'Arvor (born 20 September, 1947 in Reims; known in France as PPDA) is a French journalist. He has presented the main evening news on French Television since 1987. He studied political sciences and Slavic languages in Paris. He is married, and has 5 children; 3 daughters and one son with his wife Véronique, and a son with Claire Chazal. He had an affair with Chazal (who is also a well-known news presenter in France) in the 1990s.

paragraphs: One of his daughters was anorexic. She committed suicide, aged 19, in 1995. She jumped in front of a metro train in Paris. She left a note: "Thank you for everything, but I do not like life. I want to be incinerated, and kept in a small box, but not thrown to the sea."


title: Marcus Davis

paragraphs: Marcus Paul Davis (born August 24, 1973), nicknamed "The Irish Hand Grenade" (and "The Celtic Warrior" when fighting in Ireland), is an American mixed martial arts (MMA) fighter. He fights as a welterweight in the UFC and in independent MMA promotions in the United States. He was a contestant on the Ultimate Fighter 2 on Spike TV.

paragraphs: Marcus David went pro in MMA on August 22, 2003 with a first round TKO of Shaun Gay. In 2005, Marcus was a contestant on The Ultimate Fighter 2. Coming in with his boxing skills.


title: Kalamazoo, Michigan

paragraphs: Kalamazoo is a large city in the U.S. state of Michigan. It is the county seat of Kalamazoo County. As of 2017, the city had a total population of 75,807.

paragraphs: Kalamazoo is home to Western Michigan University, Haworth College of Business, and Kalamazoo College.

paragraphs: On May 13, 1980, a F3 tornado tore through Kalamazoo, killing 5 people, injuring 79, and causing $50 million in damage.

paragraphs: Kalamazoo's name is used in song titles or lyrics to popular songs, because the way it sounds makes it a "great word for a lyric". Probably the best known was (I've Got a Gal In) Kalamazoo" by the Glenn Miller band with Tex Beneke. This #1 popular song was written by Mack Gordon and Harry Warren. It was performed by the band playing the part of the Glenn Miller Orchestra in the 1942 movie "Orchestra Wives". This was nominated: Best Music, Original Song in Academy Awards, Harry Warren (music), Mack Gordon (lyrics).

paragraphs: The city of Kalamazoo, Michigan has three sister cities.


title: El Gato Negro

paragraphs: El Gato Negro (in English “The Black Cat”) is the name of two fictional superheroes that appear in comic books published by Azteca Productions. Created by Richard Dominguez, both characters made their first appearance in "El Gato Negro #1".

paragraphs: The first El Gato Negro was Agustin Guerrero, a former luchador from South Texas who decided to use his skills to fight crime during the early '50s and late '60s.

paragraphs: The current El Gato Negro is Francisco Guerrero, grandson to the original El Gato Negro. He adopted the superhero identity after his best friend was killed in a brutal murder.

paragraphs: Each El Gato Negro adopts a cat-like emblem, which they display in their costume designs or equipment. Although Agustin is not from the Silver Age of comics, he is sometimes referred to as “Silver Age El Gato Negro”, because the comic book’s timeline would place him in that era.

paragraphs: Agustin Guerrero was an American soldier from Texas sent overseas to fight in the Korean War. Separated from his battalion, Agustin was lost in the harsh jungles. There he found an exiled Japanese warrior and assassin known as “"Nuro Neko"” ("黒い猫" - black cat). Nuro Neko trained the young soldier martial arts and the path of a warrior. After being rescued and discharged, Agustin returned to Texas to become a masked wrestler. He adopted the identity of El Gato Negro and his success as a luchador caused him to have many adventures outside of the wrestling ring before he finally retired in the late '60s.

paragraphs: The second and current El Gato Negro, Francisco Guerrero is a social worker by day and a vigilante by night. Francisco became the new El Gato Negro after the murder of his friend. Despite being liked by the citizens of his community, El Gato Negro is constantly being hunted by local law enforcement.

paragraphs: Richard Dominguez is currently in talks for a El Gato Negro movie.


title: Richard Dominguez

paragraphs: Richard Dominguez (born Eufrancio Ricardo Dominguez September 22, 1960 in Dallas, Texas) is an American comic book creator. He is best known for making the comic book "El Gato Negro".

paragraphs: Richard Dominguez was born in Dallas, Texas on September 22, 1960 as the second of seven children. Dominguez first read comics at the age of six. He was first interested in art while in high school. He took classes in Commercial Art and later took Life Drawing classes in community college. Richard later worked as an intern for art and design studios in the late '80s and early '90s.

paragraphs: Richard made the Azteca Productions company and imprint in 1993. The first publication was "El Gato Negro #1". Dominguez first got the idea for El Gato Negro in the late '80s. He originally planned thought of putting the character in a team of superheroes. Liking the character better on his own, Dominguez left the original project and focused on El Gato Negro. A lot of the character’s personality and look was inspired by Dominguez’s favorite superheroes like The Spirit, The Crimson Avenger, Daredevil, Nightwing, The Shadow, The Phantom, Zorro and Batman. The character has been popular since his introduction. and other media Dominguez is currently looking to make a movie on the character.

paragraphs: Dominguez made his superhero group with the help of friend and writer Michael S. Moore in 1997 in a book called Team Tejas. Richard stopped publishing his books after 1997 to spend time with his family. He later came back to publish new El Gato Negro stories in 2004. Other books he plans on publishing are Lucha Grande Comics, The Acolyte, Demon Hunter, and a revival of Judge Margarito C. Garza's Relampago!

paragraphs: The Professional Amigos of Comic Art Society or P.A.C.A.S. was a non-profit organization made by Richard Dominguez with his friends Carlos Saldaña, Jose Martinez, and Fernando Rodriguez in 1995. The group was made to bring together different artists, comic book and cartoon creators together to help with each other’s projects. P.A.C.A.S. grew to over 50 members. Most of them lived in California. The P.A.C.A.S. group no longer exists but there are rumors of a new one being made. Only an official website and MySpace page stand in tribute to their effort.


title: Mission: Impossible II

paragraphs: Mission: Impossible II is an American action thriller movie directed by John Woo and produced by Tom Cruise and Paula Wagner. "Mission: Impossible II" tells the story of Ethan Hunt, an agent for the "Impossible Missions Force". Another agent has gone rogue and stolen a virus, so Hunt has to try and get it back. The movie was released on May 24, 2000 in cinemas, then on November 7, 2000 for video and DVD. The movie did not get great reviews from critics; it got a 60% score on review website Metacritic.

paragraphs: This movie is a sequel to "". It has a sequel called "".


title: Jan Gotlib Bloch

paragraphs: Ivan Bloch (July 24, 1836, Radom – December 25, 1902/1901, Warsaw) (, , , ) was a banker from Poland. He donated money to help railways, and studied industrial warfare. Bloch published a collection of writings called "La Guerre Future", translated to "Is War Now Impossible?", in 1898.


title: McDonnell Douglas DC-10

paragraphs: The McDonnell Douglas DC-10 is an American three-engine medium- to long-range widebody airliner, with two engines mounted on underwing pylons and a third engine at the base of the vertical stabilizer. The model was a successor to the company's DC-8 for long-range operations, and competed in the same markets as the Airbus A300, Boeing 747, and Lockheed L-1011 Tristar, which has a similar layout to the DC-10.

paragraphs: Production of the DC-10 ended in December 1988 with 386 delivered to airlines and 60 to the U.S. Air Force as air-to-air refueling tankers, designated the KC-10 Extender. The DC-10 was succeeded by the related McDonnell Douglas MD-11 which entered service in 1990.

paragraphs: Douglas Aircraft began design studies based on its CX-HLS design. In 1966, American Airlines offered a specification to manufacturers for a widebody aircraft smaller than the Boeing 747 but capable of flying similar long-range routes from airports with shorter runways. The DC-10 became McDonnell Douglas's first commercial airliner after the merger between McDonnell Aircraft Corporation and Douglas Aircraft Company in 1967. The DC-10 was first ordered by launch customers American Airlines with 25 orders, and United Airlines with 30 orders and 30 options in 1968. The DC-10, a series 10 model, made its first flight on August 29, 1970. Following a flight test program with 929 flights covering 1,551 hours, the DC-10 was awarded a type certificate from the FAA on July 29, 1971 It entered commercial service with American Airlines on August 5, 1971 on a round trip flight between Los Angeles and Chicago. United Airlines began DC-10 service on August 16, 1971.[6] The DC-10's similarity to the L-1011 in terms of passenger capacity and launch in the same timeframe resulted in a head to head sales competition which affected profitability of the aircraft.

paragraphs: The DC-10 had design flaws and had a poor safety record in its early years. But later, the design flaws were improved, and the DC-10 became much safer. The following accidents are some of those which have occurred since 1972.


title: Ocean liner

paragraphs: Ocean liner is the name given to (usually large) ships that are used to transport people or goods. These ships travel along given routes; they usually have a schedule. Usually, ocean liners travel long distances. The ships used for short distances, for example across a channel, a lake, or between an island and the coast close by, are called ferries. Ocean liners are used for transportation. Cruise ships are different, they are used for pleasure.

paragraphs: The “golden Age” of the ocean liner was the first half of the 20th Century, when ocean liners commonly carried hundreds upon thousands of poor immigrants from Europe to North America, the United States especially. Hundreds of ocean liners were built during this period.

paragraphs: When WW2 started in 1939, many ocean liners were turned into troop ships, to transport soldiers to Europe and Asia, by both sides. After the war, most remaining ocean liners were returned to their original owners.

paragraphs: In the second half of the 20th century, ocean liners have been replaced by aircraft more and more. In the 1950’s, as airplanes like the De Havilland Comet and Boeing 707 were built, ocean liners seemed redundant as jet liners were faster and easier to build than ocean liners. By the 1980’s, most ocean liners had been retired with only a few outliers staying in service.


title: Akakor

paragraphs: Akakor is a fictional ancient underground city somewhere between Brazil and Peru.

paragraphs: The German journalist Karl Brugger described the city in his book "The Chronicle of Akakor" (1976). Information about the city is from an interview with Tatunca Nara, a Brazilian Indian. Tantunca Nara speaks about possible contact with extraterrestrials in the ancient past. He says these extraterrestrials are believed to have built this mysterious city. Two similar cities are mentioned in this book - Akanis and Akahim.

paragraphs: Later Rüdiger Nehberg showed that Tatunca Nara was actually a German named Günther Hauck.

paragraphs: Parts of the story from "The Chronicle of Akakor" were used in the movie "Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull".


title: Gutenberg Bible

paragraphs: The Gutenberg Bible (also known as the 42-line Bible or the Mazarin Bible) is a printed version of the Latin Vulgate translation of the Bible that was printed by Johannes Gutenberg, in Mainz, Germany in the 15th century. Although it is not the first book to be printed by Gutenberg's new movable type system, it is his major work, and of central importance for the start of the "Gutenberg Revolution" and the "Age of the Printed Book". It is a very rare and expensive book. Fewer than 200 were made, and 49 complete or nearly complete ones are known. It has 1286 pages.

paragraphs: The earliest known book with movable type was published 78 years before in Korea and is known as the Jikji.


title: Dancing with the Stars (video game)

paragraphs: Dancing with the Stars is a rhythm game based on the show "Dancing with the Stars". It was released on October 23, 2007 in the United States. It was later released for Windows computers and mobile phones. It was made by Zoë Mode with other help from Activision.

paragraphs: In the game you have option of playing as selected celebrities and professional dancers from the show.

paragraphs: On the mobile phone version, the only characters listed are the celebrities. There are no mentions of their professional partners.

paragraphs: For the PC game, the player can choose any of the following characters and he or she will automatically be partnered with either a professional dancer or a celebrity depending on the character the player chooses.

paragraphs: The dances in the game are all dances from the show.

paragraphs: A sequel, Dancing with the Stars: We Dance! (or Dancing with the Stars: Get Your Dance On!), was released October 21, 2008 for Wii and Nintendo DS. It was made by Activision. The game features celebrities including Mel B, Apolo Anton Ohno, Joey Fatone and Jennie Garth and new professional dancers including Derek Hough and his sister Julianne Hough.


title: Fight song

paragraphs: A fight song is a song that sports fans sing when supporting their favorite team. They are very popular in the United States. Many colleges and universities there have fight songs. In other countries they are sometimes called team songs or team anthems.


title: World Draughts Federation

paragraphs: The World Draughts Federation (WDF) is the organisation which administers draughts throughout the world.

paragraphs: It was created in 1947. In the French language it is called Fédération Mondiale du Jeu de Dames (FMJD).

paragraphs: The WDF has organised the world draughts championships since 1948.


title: Kenny Florian

paragraphs: Kenny Florian is an American mixed martial artist with training in Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu and Muay Thai. He was in the first season of The Ultimate Fighter reality show. He fights as a lightweight for the UFC.


title: Phoenix

paragraphs: Phoenix (pronounce: "FEE-niks") most often refers to:


title: Sophie Germain

paragraphs: Marie-Sophie Germain (April 1, 1776 – June 27, 1831) was a French mathematician who made important contributions to differential geometry and number theory.

paragraphs: Germain identified prime numbers. A prime number is a number that is only divisible by one and itself. She was not allowed to learn math as a child. She secretly read books that were in her father’s library, even though this was not allowed. She also stole notes from lectures at the École Polytechnique. She first sent her work to other mathematicians under a male name. She did this because she wanted a better opportunity. She also did not want to be laughed at for being female. She was inspired by reading Archimedes.

paragraphs: She won a prize from the French Academy of Sciences. She won this because she solved an elasticity math problem. Her discoveries helped develop important buildings. She contributed to the making of the Eiffel Tower. Germain became the first women not related to a member by marriage to attend a Academies Science Meeting.

paragraphs: The Sophie Germain prime and Crater Germain on Venus are named after her.

paragraphs: Germain died of breast cancer on June 27, 1831 in Paris.


title: Ingrid Betancourt

paragraphs: Íngrid Betancourt Pulecio (born December 25 1961) is a Colombian-French politician. She ran for President of Colombia in 2002. While campaigning in the jungle she was kidnapped and taken by armed rebels named FARC-EP. In July of 2008, she and 14 other hostages were rescued by the Colombian military. Her kidnapping got the world's attention because of her French citizenship.


title: Cutting board

paragraphs: A cutting board or chopping board is a strong board used to chop food on. It may also be used to cut raw materials such as leather or plastic. Kitchen cutting boards are often made of wood or plastic. There are also cutting boards made of glass, steel, marble or corian. These kinds of cutting boards are easier to clean than wooden or plastic ones. On the down side, they normally damage knives.


title: Measuring cup

paragraphs: A measuring cup is a cup used to measure liquids or other ingredients, such as sugar or flour.


title: Simple English Wikipedia

paragraphs: The Simple English Wikipedia is an English-language version of Wikipedia, an online encyclopedia, that is written at a basic level of English. It was created on November 17, 2001. All of the articles in the Simple English Wikipedia use shorter sentences and easier words and grammar than the regular English Wikipedia.

paragraphs: People with different needs use the Simple English Wikipedia. They include:

paragraphs: Other people use the Simple English Wikipedia because the basic language helps them understand hard ideas or topics they do not know about.

paragraphs: Many articles are shorter than the same articles in the English Wikipedia. Technical subjects use some terms that are not simple. Editors try to explain these terms in a simple way. This makes Simple English articles a good way to understand difficult articles from the ordinary English Wikipedia. If someone cannot understand an idea in complex English, they can read the Simple English article.

paragraphs: When the Simple English Wikipedia started creation of pages and allowing changes in 2003, the already had 150,000 articles. Seven other Wikipedias in other languages also had over 15,000 articles. Since the other Wikipedias already have so many articles, most Simple English articles take articles from other Wikipedias and make them simple; they are usually not new articles. Right now, the Simple English Wikipedia has articles. Simple Wikipedia is now the 49th largest Wikipedia.


title: Missouri Valley Conference

paragraphs: The Missouri Valley Conference (MVC) is a college sports conference in the United States that sponsors many sports, but has not played football since the 1984 season.

paragraphs: The MVC has its roots in the Missouri Valley Intercollegiate Athletic Association (MVIAA), a league formed in 1907 by several schools in the Midwestern United States. The MVIAA split into two leagues in 1928. One league, made up mostly of large schools, kept the MVIAA name and years later became the Big Eight Conference. The smaller schools formed the MVC. Both groups claimed a 1907 founding date, and the same history up to the 1928 split. However, the Big Eight merged in 1996 with several schools from the collapsing Southwest Conference to form today's Big 12 Conference, which does not claim any of the Big Eight's history. Because of this, only the MVC now has a claim to any of the MVIAA's history.

paragraphs: The MVC has four "associate members", each of which plays one sport in the conference.


title: Missouri Valley Football Conference

paragraphs: The Missouri Valley Football Conference (MVFC) is a group of 11 colleges and universities in the Midwestern United States who play football against one another. Each school plays the others every season, and the conference champion earns a place in the NCAA Division I Football Championship, the postseason tournament of the second-level Football Championship Subdivision (FCS).

paragraphs: The MVFC has a confusing history that is closely tied to that of two other existing conferences: the Missouri Valley Conference (MVC) and the Association of Mid-Continent Universities (AMCU), now known as The Summit League. In the 1984 season, the last in which both of these conferences played football, all of the AMCU football schools were members of NCAA Division I-AA, now known as FCS. The MVC had schools that played in both DIvision I-A (today's Football Bowl Subdivision) and Division I-AA. The AMCU dropped football after the 1984 season, and the MVC announced it would do the same after the 1985 season. Beginning with the 1985 season, all of the remaining AMCU football teams, plus the MVC's I-AA teams, joined the Gateway Collegiate Athletic Conference (Gateway), which had sponsored only women's sports. Most of the schools in the Gateway were also MVC members. The MVC's I-AA football teams had membership in the MVC and Gateway in the 1985 season.

paragraphs: In 1992, the women's portion of the Gateway merged into the MVC. At that time, the Gateway became a football-only conference, changing its name to Gateway Football Conference. In 2008, the Gateway (which now had five MVC members) changed its name to the current Missouri Valley Football Conference. The MVFC and MVC are still legally separate, but operate out of the same offices in St. Louis.

paragraphs: Two schools that were in the MVFC during the Gateway era have moved to other conferences.


title: Rights

paragraphs: A right is something a person has which people think should not be taken away. It is a rule about what a person is allowed to do or have. A right is different from a privilege, which is something that must be earned.

paragraphs: Rights may be put into laws, so they have legal protection. But a right can exist where most people think it is good (just).


FSU


title: Ohio State University

paragraphs: Ohio State University (OSU) is a public university in Columbus, Ohio, USA. Ohio State was founded in 1870. Ohio State University has been noted by multiple publications as one of the highest ranked universities in the United States and in the world.

paragraphs: The university was started in 1870 in a farming group in Columbus, Ohio. The first class had only 24 students. In the 1880s, Ohio State started taking graduate students. They started the law school in 1891. Later, Ohio State added colleges of medicine, dentistry, commerce, and journalism. In 1906, Ohio made a law that said Ohio State University was the state's "flagship campus", or the best school in the state of Ohio.

paragraphs: In 1916, Ohio State was the first university in Ohio to be in the Association of American Universities. Ohio State is still the only Ohio public university in the association.

paragraphs: "U.S. News & World Report" has ranked Ohio State University as the best public university in Ohio, one of the top 60 universities in the United States, and one of the top 20 public universities in the United States. In 2007, China's Shanghai Jiao Tong University said Ohio State was the 61st best university in the world.

paragraphs: The school was also ranked as the 24th best university in the US, 10th top public university, and top school in Ohio by Arizona State University. The "Washington Monthly" college rankings placed Ohio State as the 12th best in the country and 10th best public university.

paragraphs: Ohio State’s faculty includes a Nobel Prize-winning physicist, Kenneth G. Wilson. It has twenty-one members of the United States National Academy of Sciences or National Academy of Engineering, plus four members of the Institute of Medicine. There are also 159 elected fellows of the American Association for the Advancement of Science who are teaching at Ohio State. In the last 25 years, thirty-two Ohio State faculty members have been given the Guggenheim Fellowship, which is more than all other public and private Ohio universities combined.

paragraphs: Ohio State is using over $110 million to research important issues, such as research to find a cure for cancer, renewable energy sources, and sustainable drinking water supplies.

paragraphs: Undergraduate admissions to Ohio State are said to be "more selective" by "US News & World Report". It is the most selective public university in Ohio, and it is the hardest university in Ohio to get into.

paragraphs: About half of the people who apply to Ohio State get accepted. Of the students who get in, 57 percent graduated in the top 10 percent of their high school classes, 91 percent graduated in the top quarter, and 99% graduated in the top half. A quarter of the freshman scored in the top 3 percent of the SAT or ACT, and 72 percent scored in the top 1 percent. The average ACT score was 27. Of the 6,122 members of the 2006 freshman class, 290 had been named valedictorian (top student) of their high school's graduating class. Ohio State’s freshman class has admitted over 100 National Merit Scholars for nine of the last ten years.

paragraphs: Ohio State's main urban campus is in Columbus. It has a size of 1755 acres, and it is about north of the city's downtown. Four buildings are currently listed on the National Register of Historic Places: Enarson Hall, Hayes Hall, Ohio Stadium, and Orton Hall. Architecture on the Ohio State campus is a mix of traditional, modern, and post-modern styles.

paragraphs: The William Oxley Thompson Memorial Library is located at the west end of The Oval. It is the Ohio State library's main branch, and it is the largest of the school's branches. The school's library system has twenty-one libraries on its Columbus campus. There are eight other branches in other locations, and the system has fifty-five branches and collections in all.

paragraphs: The Wexner Center for the Arts is at the east end of The Oval. It was designed by the architects Peter Eisenman of New York and Richard Trott of Columbus, and it opened in 1989. The center was built mostly from a twenty-five million dollar gift from Ohio State graduate Leslie Wexner. Part of its design was to honor to the armory (military storage location) that was replaced with the Wexner Center. Its deconstructivist architecture makes known as one of the most important buildings of its generation, but the design makes it less than ideal to show many of the art displays. The main, permanent work kept in the center is Picasso's "Nude on a Black Armchair", a forty-five million dollar painting that Wexner gave to Ohio State.

paragraphs: Ohio Union is on the east side of The Oval, and at the south side is another, smaller grassy area known as The South Oval. The west side is contains Browning Amphitheatre and Mirror Lake.

paragraphs: The Ohio State College of Medicine is on the southern edge of the central campus. It is home to the James Cancer Hospital, where cancer is studied. It is one of the National Cancer Institute's forty-one NCI-designated Cancer Centers.

paragraphs: The university also has several regional campuses and research facilities in Lima, Mansfield, Marion, and Newark. The school also has an Ohio State Agricultural Technical Institute. The first regional campus was in Newark, which was founded in 1957. Students there can get one of six bachelor degrees or two master degrees. In Lima, there are eight four-year programs, 2 high school completion programs, and four graduate programs. The Mansfield campus is in the Allegheny Plateau area, and it has 7 bachelor programs and 3 master programs. Marion's campus is closest to Columbus, and it has 5 bachelor programs and 2 master programs.

paragraphs: Ohio State's research facilities include the Aeronautical/Astronautical Research Laboratory, Byrd Polar Research Center, Chadwick Arboretum, Biological Research Tower, Large Binocular Telescope, Mershon Center for International Security Studies, Stone Laboratory, and the Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center.

paragraphs: The Office of Student Life helps students with things such as student housing; food service; health, wellness and counseling; activities, organizations and leadership development; recreation and intramurals. The Office of Student Life also operates the Schottenstein Center, the Fawcett Center, the Blackwell Inn, the Ohio Union, the Drake Union, and the Wilce Student Health Center.

paragraphs: Ohio State has several student-managed publications and media outlets. "The Makio" is the official yearbook."The Lantern" is the school's daily newspaper. "Mosaic" is a literary magazine published by Ohio State, which features undergraduate fiction, poetry, and art. OHIO.FM is the student-run radio station with an Internet audio stream (no broadcast signals are available in Columbus). Students also operate a local cable channel known as Buckeye TV, which airs mostly in the campus housing.

paragraphs: Ohio State University Marching Band is an old tradition at Ohio State. The marching band is the largest all-brass and percussion band in the world. The traditional school songs are arranged to fit this unique instrumentation. The band is famous for "Script Ohio", where band members use their bodies to spell Ohio spelled in script on the football field. It is seen as an honor to dot the "i" in the word. Celebrities such as Bob Hope, Jack Nicklaus, and John Glenn have dotted the "i".

paragraphs: Ohio State's main campus is known for the diversity of its students. In various surveys and rankings, it has been included among the best campuses in the nation for African Americans. "The Advocate College Guide for LGBT Students" lists Ohio State as one of the best campuses in America for LGBT students.

paragraphs: Ohio State offers two distinct honors programs for high ability undergraduates: Honors and Scholars. The Honors program is open to students in all majors. The Scholars program is centered around thirteen specific programs such as "Architecture Scholars", "Communication Technology Scholars", "Biological Sciences Scholars", "International Affairs Scholars", and "Politics, Society and Law Scholars". Students in the Scholars program are expected to live and take select classes with other members of the program.

paragraphs: At Ohio State University, there are four recognized student governments: Undergraduate Student Government (USG), Council of Graduate Students (CGS), amd Inter-Professional Council (IPC), and Residence Hall Advisory Council (RHAC).

paragraphs: Ohio State is in the NCAA's Division I. Ohio State's mascot is "Brutus the Buckeye". The school colors are scarlet and gray. Most Ohio State teams play in the Big Ten Conference. The women's ice hockey team plays in the Western Collegiate Hockey Association. In lacrosse, the men's team plays in ECAC Lacrosse and the women's team in the American Lacrosse Conference, but both will leave their respective leagues after the 2014 season, as the Big Ten will start lacrosse leagues for both sexes in the 2014–15 school year.

paragraphs: Ohio State won national championships in baseball, men's basketball, football, men's swimming & diving, men's track and field, men's golf, men's gymnastics, men's fencing, men and women's fencing, and synchronized swimming.


title: Pinoy Idol

paragraphs: Pinoy Idol is a popular TV show in the Philippines that lets anyone sing to people watching the show on television while they are being judged. The singers can be anyone between the age of 16 and 29 years. The show is now current programming in GMA Network.

paragraphs: "Pinoy Idol" has three judges, who give comments on performances. The three judges are:

paragraphs: "Pinoy Idol" also has a host, Raymond Gutierrez.


title: Hulagu Khan

paragraphs: Hulagu Khan, also known as Hulagu, Hülegü or Hulegu (Хүлэгү, "Khülegü"; Chagatai/; Arabic:هولاكو; c. 1217 – 8 February 1265), was a Mongol ruler who conquered much of Southwest Asia.

paragraphs: Son of Tolui and the Kerait princess Sorghaghtani Beki, he was a grandson of Genghis Khan, and the brother of Arik Boke, Mongke and Kublai Khan. He was also the step-father of Absh Khatun. Hulagu's army greatly expanded the southwestern portion of the Mongol Empire, founding the Ilkhanate of Persia. Under his leadership, the Mongols destroyed the two greatest centers of Islamic power, Baghdad in the year 1258, and Damascus, causing a shift of Islamic influence to the Mamluks in Cairo.

paragraphs: Niccolò and Maffeo Polo reportedly travelled to the realm of Hulagu and stayed in the city of Bukhara, in modern day Uzbekistan, where the family lived and traded for three years from 1261 to 1264.


title: Dalgety Bay

paragraphs: Dalgety Bay is a coastal town in Fife, Scotland. It is on the north shore of the Firth of Forth.


title: Anastasia Myskina

paragraphs: Anastasia Andreyevna Myskina (; ) (born July 8, 1981, Moscow, Russia) is a professional tennis player from Russia.


title: WTA Awards

paragraphs: This is a list with all the Sony Ericsson WTA Tour Awards given by the WTA Tour to players who have done or achieved something remarkable during the season or their career.

paragraphs: This is awarded to the player who the WTA think has played the best tennis over the year.

paragraphs: This is awarded to the doubles team who the WTA think has played the best tennis over the year.

paragraphs: This is awarded to the player who the WTA think has improved the most over the year.

paragraphs: This is awarded to the player who the WTA think has played the best tennis in their first season as a professional.

paragraphs: This is awarded to the player who the WTA think has played the best tennis after coming back from a long break from playing.

paragraphs: "Note: in 2002 the award was not given."


title: Hopman Cup

paragraphs: The Hopman Cup is an yearly international team tennis tournament played in Perth, Western Australia in January each year.


title: Wells Cathedral

paragraphs: Wells Cathedral is an Anglican church in Wells, Somerset, England. It is the seat of the Bishop of Bath and Wells. Its construction started in 1170 and the Cathedral was dedicated in 1239.

paragraphs: Wells Cathedral has been described as “the most poetic of the English Cathedrals”.

paragraphs: Much of the structure is in Early English architecture. Many mouldings look almost like sculptures. The carved capitals are done in a foliate style known as “stiff leaf”. This adds to their lively view. The eastern end has kept much original glass, which is rare in England. The exterior has a splendid Early English façade (~front) and a large central tower.

paragraphs: The first church was established on the site in 705. Construction of the present building began in the 10th century under Anglo-Saxon rule, but was later transformed under the Normans. It was largely complete at the time of its dedication in 1239. It has been expanded and renovated several times since then and has been designated by English Heritage as a grade I listed building.

paragraphs: The first church was established here in 705 AD. It was dedicated to Saint Andrew. The only remains of this first church are some excavated foundations which can be seen in the cloisters. The baptismal font in the south transept is the oldest surviving part of the cathedral which is dated to c.700 AD.

paragraphs: Two centuries later, the seat of the diocese was shifted to Wells from Sherborne. The first Bishop of Wells was Athelm (circa 909), who crowned King Athelstan. Athelm and his nephew Saint Dunstan both became Archbishops of Canterbury. It was also around this time that Wells Cathedral School was founded.

paragraphs: The present structure was begun under the direction of Bishop Reginald de Bohun, who died in 1184.

paragraphs: Wells Cathedral dates mainly from the late twelfth and early thirteenth centuries; the nave and transept are masterpieces of Early English architecture. It was largely complete at the time of its dedication in 1239.

paragraphs: The bishop responsible for the construction was Jocelyn de Wells, one of the bishops at the signing of Magna Carta. Jocelyn's buildings included the Bishop's Palace, a choristers' school, a grammar school, a hospital for travellers and a chapel. He also built a manor at Wookey, near Wells. The master mason associated with Jocelyn was Elias of Dereham (died 1246). Jocelyn lived to see the church dedicated but, despite much lobbying of Rome, died in 1242. Cathedral status was granted in 1245. Masons continued with the enrichment of the West Front until about 1260.

paragraphs: King John was excommunicated between 1209 and 1213. During this time, work on the cathedral was suspended. In this period, building methods advanced so that bigger blocks of masonry could be moved and put into the walls. The effect of this advance can be seen on the walls of the cathedral; at a point in the building's walls, the blocks of stone increase in size.

paragraphs: By the time the building was finished, including the Chapter House (1306),

paragraphs: it already seemed too small for the developing liturgy, in particular the increasingly grand processions. A new spate of building was therefore started by Bishop John Drokensford. He heightened the central tower and began a dramatic eight-sided Lady chapel at the far east end, finished by 1326. Thomas of Whitney was the master mason.

paragraphs: Bishop Ralph of Shrewsbury followed. He continued the eastward extension of the quire. He also built Vicars' Close and the Vicars' Hall, to give the men of the choir a secure place to live and dine, away from the town with all its temptations.

paragraphs: He enjoyed an uneasy relationship with the citizens of Wells, partly because of his imposition of taxes. He surrounded his palace with crenellated walls and a moat and drawbridge. The Palace was now a castle.

paragraphs: The appointment of William Wynford as master mason in 1365 marked another period of activity. He was one of the foremost architects of his time and, apart from Wells, was engaged in work for the king at Windsor and at New College, Oxford University and Winchester Cathedral. Under Bishop John Harewell, he built the south-west tower of the West Front and designed the north west, which was built to match in the early 15th century. Inside the building he filled in the early English lancet windows with delicate tracery.

paragraphs: In the fourteenth century, the central piers (upright supports) of the crossing (where the building forms a cross) started sinking under the weight of the crossing tower. 'Scissor arches' were inserted to brace and stabilize the piers as a unit. The building was now complete, and it looked much as it does today.


title: Santa Maria Assunta (Siena)

paragraphs: Siena Cathedral (Italian "Duomo di Siena", officially Santa Maria Assunta) is a Cathedral in Siena, Italy. It is the seat of the archbishop of Siena. The cathedral was built between 1215 and 1263. The was another church there beforehand. The Cathedral is known all over Italy for its "stripes". These were made by using different kinds of stone. It is also a unfinished building as well.


title: Caen

paragraphs: Caen ( pronounced "can" (/kɑ̃/); in other words, the "e" is not pronounced) is a city in France. It is the capital city of Basse-Normandie and Calvados. The river Orne flows through it. Today, about 110,000 people live there ("intra muros", inside the city); the urban area has about 370,000 people. The city has a very long history; the name probably has Gaulish origins (from "cato" Military activity; and "mago" field; probably something like "place where the troops exercised"). A campus of the École de management de Normandie is located in the city.


title: St. Michael and Gudula Cathedral

paragraphs: St. Michael and Gudula Cathedral is the Cathedral in Brussels. It is named in honour of St. Michael and St. Gudula. In Dutch it is called Sint-Michiels- en Sint-Goedelekathedraal, usually shortened to "Sint-Goedele". In French it is called Cathédrale Saints-Michel-et-Gudule.It is the main church of the bishop of Brussels and Mechelen.

paragraphs: There already was a shrine (or chapel) to Saint Michael there in the 8th century. The Cathedral was begun in 1226. Building finished when the belltower (or belfry) was done, at the end of the 15th century. The cathedral is built in Gothic style. As it is the main Church of the Kingom of Belgium, there are often royal ceremonies (marriages, funerals) there.


title: Strasbourg Cathedral

paragraphs: Strasbourg Cathedral (official French: Notre-Dame de Strasbourg,German: Liebfrauenmünster zu Straßburg, Our Lady of Strasbourg) is the Cathedral in Strasbourg. The cathedral was built in Gothic style. The belltower is 142 m high. It was the highest building in the world from 1647 to 1874. It is currently the second-highest cathedral in France, after Rouen Cathedral, which is 9m higher, at 151m. In 1880, Cologne Cathedral was finished (157m), and later Ulm minster (at 161m), the highest Cathedral in the World.

paragraphs: Considerable parts of it are still in Romanesque architecture. Nevertheless, it is widely considered to be among the finest examples of high, or late, Gothic architecture. Erwin von Steinbach is credited for major contributions from 1277 to his death in 1318.

paragraphs: Victor Hugo described it as a "gigantic and delicate marvel". The cathedral is visible far across the plains of Alsace and can be seen from as far off as the Vosges mountains or the Black Forest on the other side of the Rhine.

paragraphs: An Al-Qaeda plot to bomb the adjacent Christmas market was prevented in 2000 by French and German police.


title: Ely Cathedral

paragraphs: Ely Cathedral is an Anglican church in Ely, Cambridgeshire. It is the main church of the diocese of Ely, and the seat of the Bishop of Ely. The city of Ely is about 20 km north of Cambridge.

paragraphs: The Cathedral is known locally as "the Ship of the Fens", because of its prominent shape which towers above the surrounding flat landscape. The fens were once wet and marshy: a wetland habitat. The Fenland in East Anglia includes Ely, but is today mainly drained. It is now low-lying farmland.

paragraphs: The first Christian building on the site was founded by Etheldreda, daughter of the King of East Anglia.She set up and ruled a monastery at Ely in 673, and, when she died, a shrine was built there to her memory.

paragraphs: The present cathedral was started by Abbot Simeon (1082–1094) in 1083. The Anglo-Saxon church was demolished, but some of its relics, such as the remains of its benefactors, were moved to the cathedral. The main transepts were built early on, crossing the nave below a central tower, and are the oldest surviving part of the cathedral. Construction work continued throughout the 12th century. The Western transepts and tower were completed in an exuberant Romanesque style with a rich decoration of intersecting arches and complex mouldings.

paragraphs: A 'Galilee' porch was added under Bishop Eustace (1198–1215) in the Early English Gothic style. It was originally a two-storey structure where liturgical processions could gather before entering the nave. It was opened up into a single vaulted space in the 18th century. Several details of its decoration, particularly the 'syncopated arches' and the use of Purbeck marble shafts, reflect the influence of St Hugh's Choir at Lincoln Cathedral, built a few years earlier.

paragraphs: Work began on a new eastern end in 1234, replacing the short Norman chancel with a much grander 10-bay structure. Northwold's chancel, completed by around 1252, adopted several of the stylistic elements already used in the Galilee porch.

paragraphs: During the dissolution of the monasteries by Henry VIII, the monastery at Ely was dissolved in 1539. Ely suffered less than many other monasteries, but even so, statues were destroyed together with carvings and stained glass. St Etheldreda's Shrine was destroyed.

paragraphs: The Cathedral was refounded with a Chapter of eight canons in 1541, as was the Kings School. Robert Steward, the last Prior of the monastery, became the first Dean.

paragraphs: In 1986 it was discovered that the roofs, timber and stonework of much of the Cathedral were becoming unsafe. A public appeal was launched. £4,000,000 was needed to secure the Cathedral's future and to prevent its doors being closed for good. In just over a year, the money was given or promised. The Great Restoration was completed in the year 2000.

paragraphs: The south gallery of the nave is home to The Stained Glass Museum, a collection of stained glass from the 13th century to the present that is of national importance. It includes works from several notable modern artists.


title: Exeter Cathedral

paragraphs: Exeter Cathedral is an Anglican cathedral in the city of Exeter, Devon, in the southwest of England. It is the seat of the Bishop of Exeter. The present building was complete by about 1400, and has the longest uninterrupted vaulted ceiling in England, and other notable features. The cathedral is built in Gothic style.

paragraphs: In 1107, William Warelwast, a nephew of William the Conqueror, was appointed to the see, and this was the catalyst for the building of a new cathedral in the Norman style. Its official foundation was in 1133, after Warelwast's time, but it took many more years to complete. In 1258 the building was already outmoded, and it was rebuilt in the Decorated English Gothic architecture style, following the example of nearby Salisbury Cathedral. However, much of the Norman building was kept, including the two massive square towers and part of the walls. It was constructed entirely of local stone, including Purbeck Marble. The new cathedral was complete by about 1400, apart from the addition of the chapter house and chantry chapels.

paragraphs: On 4 May 1942, an early morning air raid took place over Exeter. The cathedral sustained a direct hit by a large high-explosive bomb on the chapel of St James, completely demolishing it. The muniment room above, three bays of the aisle and two flying buttresses were also destroyed in the blast. The medieval wooden screen opposite the chapel was smashed into many pieces by the blast, but it has been reconstructed and restored. Fortunately many of the cathedral's most important artifacts, such as the glass of the great east window, the misericords, the Exeter Book, the bishop's throne and the Bronescombe Effigy, had been removed at the start of the war in anticipation of such an attack. Subsequent repairs and the clearance of the area around the western end of the building uncovered portions of earlier structures, including remains of the Roman city and of the original Norman cathedral.

paragraphs: The clock is one of a group of famous 14th to 16th century astronomical clocks to be found in the West of England. Another one is at Wells Cathedral.

paragraphs: The main, lower, dial is the oldest part of the clock, dating from 1484. The fleur-de-lys 'hand' indicates the time (and the position of the sun in the sky) on a 24-hour analogue dial. The numbering consists of two sets of I-XII Roman numerals. The silver ball and inner dial shows both the age of the moon and its phase (using a rotating black shield to indicate the moon's phase). The upper dial, added in 1760, shows the minutes.

paragraphs: The Latin phrase "Pereunt et Imputantur", a favourite motto for clocks and sundials was written by the Latin poet Martial. It is usually translated as "they perish and are reckoned to our account", referring to the hours that we spend, wisely or not. The original clockwork mechanism was much modified, repaired, and neglected until it was replaced in the early 20th century. The door below the clock has a round hole near its base. This was cut in the early 17th century to allow entry for the Bishop's cat to deter vermin. The vermin were attracted to the animal fat used to lubricate the clock mechanism.


title: Lasbela District

paragraphs: Lasbela is a coastal district of Balochistan province, Pakistan. It became a separate district in the Kalat division on 30 June 1954. The name is derived from the words "Las" which signifies a "plain", the greater part of the area being a flat plain, and "Bela" which means "jungle" and is also the name of the principal town of the district. Uthal is the district headquarters. The district is divided into 9 tehsils and 21 union councils.


title: Awaran District

paragraphs: Awaran () is a district in the south of the Balochistan province of Pakistan.


title: Coutances Cathedral

paragraphs: Coutances Cathedral is the Cathedral in the town of Coutances in Normandy. It is built in Gothic style. Standing 80m tall it dominates the city and the surrounding landscape. Its use of long straight vertical lines is typical for many churches in Normandy. The cathedral was started in Romanesque style. It was consecrated in 1056.


title: Kalat District

paragraphs: Kalat or Qalat () is a district in Balochistan, Pakistan. It has a population of 412,232


title: Regensburg Cathedral

paragraphs: The Regensburg Cathedral () is dedicated to St. Peter. It is the most important church and landmark of the city of Regensburg, and the cathedral of the Catholic Diocese of Regensburg. The church is a very good example of Gothic architecture in southern Germany.

paragraphs: The first church at the site was built around the year 700, but it burnt down around 1156. The current cathedral was started in the year 1273, and it took until 1872 to complete. In the 15th century, the sale of indulgences was used to finance the construction.


title: Kharan District

paragraphs: Kharan () is a district in the north-west of Balochistan province of Pakistan.

paragraphs: The district is administratively broken up into the following tehsils:


title: Khuzdar District

paragraphs: Khuzdar () district is in the centre of Balochistan province of Pakistan. Khuzdar is the capital of Khuzdar district.

paragraphs: The district is administratively subdivided into five tehsils, these are:


title: Barcelona Cathedral

paragraphs: The Cathedral of Santa Eulalia (also called "La Seu") the Gothic cathedral seat of the Archbishop of Barcelona, Spain. The famous Sagrada Família currently being built is not a cathedral. The cathedral was constructed from the 13th to the 15th century. There was a Visigothic church there before. The Gothic-like façade is from the 19th century.

paragraphs: The cathedral is dedicated to Eulalia of Barcelona, co-patron saint of Barcelona. According to Catholic tradition, Eulalia was a young virgin who suffered martyrdom during Roman times in Barcelona. The body of Saint Eulalia is entombed in the cathedral's crypt.

paragraphs: One side chapel is dedicated to "Christ of Lepanto", and contains a cross from a ship that fought at the Battle of Lepanto (1571). The body of the cross is shifted to the right. Catalan legend says that the body swerved to avoid getting hit by a cannonball.

paragraphs: The cathedral has a secluded Gothic cloister where thirteen white geese are kept (it is said that Eulalia was 13 when she was murdered).


title: Mastung District

paragraphs: Mastung District () is a district in the northwest of Balochistan province. Pakistan. Prior to 1991 Mastung was part of Kalat District. For administrative purposes Mastung was separated from Kalat and made a new district in 1991.


title: Gwadar District

paragraphs: Gwadar was notified as a district on July 1, 1977 when Makran Division was created and divided into three districts. Gwadar is the headquarters of Gwadar District. Previously it was one of 3 tehsils of Makran District before the district was upgraded to a division. For administrative purposes, the district is divided into two sub-divisions, namely Gwadar and Pasni. These sub-divisions are further divided into tehsils and sub-tehsils. Gwadar sub-division comprises two tehsils, named Gwadar and Jiwani, and one sub-tehsil named Suntsar. Pasni sub-division is divided into Pasni and Ormara tehsils. Gwadar district, with its 600 kilometres long coast line and un-irrigated tracts of Kulanch and Dasht valleys, has always been an important chapter of Makran’s history.

paragraphs: The district of Gwadar is administratively divided into the following tehsils:


title: Panjgur District

paragraphs: Panjgur () is a district in the west of Balochistan province of Pakistan.


title: Kech District

paragraphs: Kech () or Turbat district is in the south west of Balochistan, province of Pakistan.


title: Valencia Cathedral

paragraphs: The Cathedral of Valencia (Metropolitan Basilica Cathedral) is dedicated to Saint Mary. The church was started in 1238 by the first bishop of Valencia Pere d'Albalat. It was built on a mosque. The mosque had been built where the former Visigothic cathedral had stood. A Mediterranean version of Gothic architecture is the main style of this cathedral. The cathedral also contains Romanesque, French Gothic, Renaissance art, Baroque and neoclassical elements.

paragraphs: There are several chalices that are claimed to be the Holy Grail spread over the world. One of them is in a chapel of the Cathedral. Several Christian historians claim that the one in the chapel is most likely the authentic cup used at the Last Supper. It was the official papal chalice for many popes, and has been used by many others, most recently by Pope Benedict XVI, on July 9, 2006. This chalice dates from the 1st century. It was given to the cathedral by king Alfons el Magnànim in 1436.

paragraphs: The cathedral also contains examples of some of the earliest and best Quattrocento paintings of the Iberian Peninsula. These were brought from Rome via artists commissioned by the Valencian Pope Alexander VI. Alexander VI made the request to make Valencia the seat of an archbishop when he was still a cardinal. This was granted by Pope Innocent VIII in 1492.


title: Dera Bughti District

paragraphs: Dera Bugti is a district in the southwest of Balochistan province of Pakistan.


title: Jaffarabad District

paragraphs: Jafarabad or Jaffarabad () district is in the southeast of the Pakistani province of Balochistan.

paragraphs: The district of Jaffarabad is administratively subdivided into the following tehsils:


title: Nasirabad District

paragraphs: Nasirabad () is a district in the centre-west of Balochistan, Pakistan.


title: Battle of Honey Springs

paragraphs: The Battle of Honey Springs was an American Civil War battle and fought on July 17, 1863. It was an important victory for Union forces in their efforts to gain control of the Indian Territory. The battle was also unique in the fact that white soldiers were the minority in both forces.

paragraphs: The Confederate commander in the Indian Territory at this time was Douglas H. Cooper. He wanted to capture Fort Gibson, the main Union fort in the territory. If the Confederates captured the fort, they could control the territory. Cooper had to wait along the Elk Creek, near Honey Springs. Cooper had several regiments from Texas in his army. There were several Indian regiments with the Confederates. Cooper needed reinforcements from Arkansas before he attacked the fort.

paragraphs: The Union commander in the terriroty was James G. Blunt. He found out about the Confederates's plans. He decided to attack first. His army had regiments from Kansas, Wisconsin, and Colorado. There were also regiments of Indians in the Union army.

paragraphs: The battle started near dawn on July 17. The two armies started fighting north of Elk Creek. The Confederates slowly retreated back to the creek. The Union and Confederate soldiers fought along the creek for several hours. The Confederates started retreating when the center of their line was attacked by the 1st Kansas Colored Infantry.

paragraphs: Cooper had to burn many of his supplies at Honey Springs to prevent Blunt from capturing them. The Confederates lost 627 casualties. The Union army lost 75 casualties.


title: Bureau of Indian Affairs

paragraphs: The Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) was formed in 1824 to deal with Native Americans inside the United States. The BIA manages land and natural resources for Native Americans. It is responsible for the U.S. government's relationship with Native American tribes. Sometimes, it helps with infrastructure and law enforcement.

paragraphs: In the past, the BIA operated schools on Indian reservations. Now, the Bureau of Indian Education (BIE) provides money for schools. Some of the schools are operated by the BIE and others are operated by the tribes themselves.


title: As Cruel as School Children

paragraphs: As Cruel as School Children is the 3rd studio album by rap group Gym Class Heroes. It was released in July of 2006. The album contains some songs from their previous album "The Papercut Chronicles".


title: Cattle drives in the United States

paragraphs: A cattle drive is the process of moving a herd of cattle from one place to another, usually moved and herded by cowboys on horses. The drives usually took a long time, perhaps six months or more. The drives went up from Texas to Kansas.


title: Oklahoma Senate

paragraphs: The Oklahoma Senate is the upper house of the two houses of the Legislature of Oklahoma, the lower house being the Oklahoma House of Representatives. The total number of Senators is set at 48 by the Oklahoma Constitution.


title: Oklahoma House of Representatives

paragraphs: The Oklahoma House of Representatives is the lower house and larger body of the two houses of the Oklahoma Legislature, the other being the Oklahoma Senate.


title: Grant County, Oklahoma

paragraphs: Grant County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of 2000, 5,144 people lived there. Its county seat is Medford.

paragraphs: The county has a total area of 1,004 square miles.


title: Greer County, Oklahoma

paragraphs: Greer County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of 2000, 6,061 people lived there. Its county seat is Mangum.

paragraphs: The county has a total area of 644 square miles.


title: Harmon County, Oklahoma

paragraphs: Harmon County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of 2000, 3,283 people lived there.

paragraphs: The county has a total area of 539 square miles.


title: Harper County, Oklahoma

paragraphs: Harper County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of 2000, 3,562 people lived there. Its county seat is Buffalo.

paragraphs: The county has a total area of 1,041 square miles.


title: Haskell County, Oklahoma

paragraphs: Haskell County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of 2000, 11,792 people lived there. Its county seat is Stigler.

paragraphs: The county has a total area of 625 square miles.


title: Hughes County, Oklahoma

paragraphs: Hughes County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of 2000, 14,154 people lived there. Its county seat is Holdenville.

paragraphs: The county has a total area of 815 square miles.


title: Jackson County, Oklahoma

paragraphs: Jackson County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of 2000, 28,439 people lived there. Its county seat is Altus.

paragraphs: The county has a total area of 804 square miles.


title: Jefferson County, Oklahoma

paragraphs: Jefferson County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of 2000, 6,818 people lived there. Its county seat is Waurika.

paragraphs: The county has a total area of 774 square miles.


title: Johnston County, Oklahoma

paragraphs: Johnston County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of 2000, 10,513 people lived there. Its county seat is Tishomingo.

paragraphs: The county has a total area of 658 square miles.


title: Kay County, Oklahoma

paragraphs: Kay County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of 2000, 48,080 people lived there. Its county seat is Newkirk.

paragraphs: The county has a total area of 945 square miles.


title: Kingfisher County, Oklahoma

paragraphs: Kingfisher County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of 2000, 13,926 people lived there. Its county seat is Kingfisher.

paragraphs: The county has a total area of 906 square miles.


title: Kiowa County, Oklahoma

paragraphs: Kiowa County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of 2000, 10,227 people lived there. Its county seat is Hobart.

paragraphs: The county has a total area of 1,031 square miles.


title: Latimer County, Oklahoma

paragraphs: Latimer County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of 2000, 10,692 people lived there. Its county seat is Wilburton.

paragraphs: The county has a total area of 729 square miles.


title: Le Flore County, Oklahoma

paragraphs: Le Flore County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of 2010, 50,384 people lived there. Its county seat is Poteau.

paragraphs: The county has a total area of 1,608 square miles.


title: Lincoln County, Oklahoma

paragraphs: Lincoln County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. 34,274 people lived there at the 2010 census. Its county seat is Chandler.

paragraphs: The county has a total area of 966 square miles.


title: Logan County, Oklahoma

paragraphs: Logan County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. At the 2000 census, 33,924 people lived there. Its county seat is Guthrie.

paragraphs: The county has a total area of 749 square miles.


title: Love County, Oklahoma

paragraphs: Love County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of 2010, 9,423 people lived there. Its county seat is Marietta.

paragraphs: The county has a total area of 532 square miles.


title: Major County, Oklahoma

paragraphs: Major County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of 2000, 7,545 people lived there. Its county seat is Fairview.

paragraphs: The county has a total area of 958 square miles.


title: Flobots

paragraphs: Flobots are an alternative rock/alternative hip hop band from Denver, Colorado. They are famous for their hit single "Handlebars". They have released three albums.


title: Gdebi

paragraphs: GDebi is a computer program that can install .deb packages. It is available with a graphical interface, but also has a command line option.

paragraphs: GDebi can install local .deb packages with automatic dependency resolution (it automatically downloads and installs the required packages with apt).


title: Marshall County, Oklahoma

paragraphs: Marshall County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of 2000, 13,184 people lived there. Its county seat is Madill.

paragraphs: The county has a total area of 427 square miles.


title: McClain County, Oklahoma

paragraphs: McClain County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. At the 2000 census, 27,740 people lived there. Its county seat is Purcell.

paragraphs: The county has a total area of 580 square miles.


title: McCurtain County, Oklahoma

paragraphs: McCurtain County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of 2000, 34,402 people lived there. Its county seat is Idabel.


title: McIntosh County, Oklahoma

paragraphs: McIntosh County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of 2000, 19,456 people lived there. Its county seat is Eufaula.


title: Murray County, Oklahoma

paragraphs: Murray County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of 2000, 12,623 people lived there. Its county seat is Sulphur.


title: Noble County, Oklahoma

paragraphs: Noble County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of 2000, 11,411 people lived there. Its county seat is Perry.


title: Nowata County, Oklahoma

paragraphs: Nowata County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of 2000, 10,569 people lived there. Its county seat is Nowata.


title: Okfuskee County, Oklahoma

paragraphs: Okfuskee County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of 2000, 11,814 people lived there. Its county seat is Okemah.


title: Oklahoma County, Oklahoma

paragraphs: Oklahoma County is a county in the central part of the U.S. state of Oklahoma. At the 2000 census, 660,448 people lived there. Its county seat is Oklahoma City.

paragraphs: The county has a total area of 718 square miles.


title: Okmulgee County, Oklahoma

paragraphs: Okmulgee County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of 2000, 39,685 people lived there. Its county seat is Okmulgee.


title: Osage County, Oklahoma

paragraphs: Osage County is the largest county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of 2000, 44,437 people lived there. Its county seat is Pawhuska.

paragraphs: The county has a total area of 2,304 square miles.


title: Ottawa County, Oklahoma

paragraphs: Ottawa County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of 2000, 33,194 people lived there. Its county seat is Miami.


title: Pawnee County, Oklahoma

paragraphs: Pawnee County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of 2000, 16,612 people lived there. Its county seat is Pawnee.

paragraphs: The county has a total area of 595 square miles.


title: Payne County, Oklahoma

paragraphs: Payne County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. At the 2000 census, 68,190 people lived there. Its county seat is Stillwater.

paragraphs: The county has a total area of 697 square miles.


title: Pittsburg County, Oklahoma

paragraphs: Pittsburg County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of 2000, 43,953 people lived there. Its county seat is McAlester. It's the hometown to the Pittsburgh players who won 6 times in the Super Bowl.

paragraphs: The county has a total area of 906 square miles.


title: Pontotoc County, Oklahoma

paragraphs: Pontotoc County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of 2000, 35,143 people lived there. Its county seat is Ada.


title: Pottawatomie County, Oklahoma

paragraphs: Pottawatomie County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. 65,521 people lived there at the 2000 census. Its county seat is Shawnee.


title: Pushmataha County, Oklahoma

paragraphs: Pushmataha County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of 2000, 11,667 people lived there. Its county seat is Antlers.


title: Roger Mills County, Oklahoma

paragraphs: Roger Mills County is a county found in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of 2000, the population is 3,436. The county seat of Roger Mills County is Cheyenne.


title: Seminole County, Oklahoma

paragraphs: Seminole County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. 24,894 people lived there at the 2000 census. Its county seat is Wewoka.


title: Sequoyah County, Oklahoma

paragraphs: Sequoyah County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of 2000, 38,972 people lived there. Its county seat is Sallisaw.


title: Stephens County, Oklahoma

paragraphs: Stephens County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of 2000, 43,182 people lived there. Its county seat is Duncan.


title: Texas County, Oklahoma

paragraphs: Texas County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of 2000, 20,107 people lived there. Its county seat is Guymon.

paragraphs: The county has a total area of 2,049 square miles.


title: Tillman County, Oklahoma

paragraphs: Tillman County is a county that can be found in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of 2000, the population is 9,287. The county seat is Frederick.


title: Washington County, Oklahoma

paragraphs: Washington County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. It is, in area, the third smallest county in Oklahoma. As of 2000, 48,996 people lived there. Its county seat is Bartlesville.


title: Washita County, Oklahoma

paragraphs: Washita County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of 2000, 11,508 people lived there. Its county seat is New Cordell. It was formerly in Cloud Chief, Oklahoma.

paragraphs: The county has a total area of 1,009 square miles.


title: Woods County, Oklahoma

paragraphs: Woods County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of 2000, 9,089 people lived there. Its county seat is Alva.

paragraphs: The county has a total area of 1,290 square miles.


title: Woodward County, Oklahoma

paragraphs: Woodward County is a county in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of 2000, 18,486 people lived there. Its county seat is Woodward.

paragraphs: The county has a total area of 1,246 square miles.


title: Johnny Haynes

paragraphs: Johnny Haynes (17 October 1934 – 18 October 2005) is a former English football player. He was captain of Fulham, played for England national team and captained it. He was a forward, playing on the left wing as an outside left or inside left. Today he would be called an attacking midfield player. His job was to provide balls to the strikers. He played three times for England in the FIFA World Cup.

paragraphs: His statue outside the club ground at Craven Cottage shows what they thought of him.


title: Johan Cruyff

paragraphs: Johan Cruyff (25 April 1947 - 24 March 2016) was a Dutch football player and manager. He played for Netherlands national team.

paragraphs: Cruyff died of lung cancer. His son is football manager Jordi Cruyff. He is regarded as one of the greatest footballers of all time.


title: Om Shanti Om

paragraphs: Om Shanti Om is a 2007 Bollywood movie directed and choreographed by Farah Khan. It stars Shah Rukh Khan and Deepika Padukone in the lead roles as the protagonists while Shreyas Talpade, Arjun Rampal, and Kirron Kher feature in supporting roles. Arjun Rampal is the antagonist in the movie. More than forty two well-known Bollywood stars from yesteryear and today appear in the course of the movie, including thirty-one of them (not including the stars of the movie) in one song alone.

paragraphs: Om Prakash (Shah Rukh Khan) is a junior artist in the 1970s movie industry. He and his friend Pappu (Shreyas Talpade) are trying to succeed in the movie industry. Om's mother, Bela Makhija (Kirron Kher), inspires and encourages her son to become a success. He dreams of becoming a 'hero' one day on the big screen. He is in love with the country's heart throb and movie actress, Shanti (Deepika Padukone), who is very successful and famous. Om goes to the premiere of her upcoming movie "Dreamy Girl" starring Shanti, and sneaks in claiming he is the actor Manoj Kumar. On another occasion, during a shooting of a movie, where Om is acting as a junior artist, he notices Shanti is caught in the middle of a fire scene which goes out of control. Om jumps in and saves her, as no one else does. Shanti is very grateful and they become good friends. Om asks her if she will meet him for one evening and she agrees. Om is ecstatic and plans a wonderful evening for her - using props and a movie set and several backgrounds in a studio to woo her. He tells her that she deserves all the happiness in the world; all she has to do is ask. She tells him that she will and abruptly goes away, leaving Om confused.

paragraphs: The following day, Om tries to talk to Shanti on the sets of a movie but she looks very preoccupied. He follows her into a make up room to talk to her, but ends up listening to her having an argument with top producer Mukesh (Arjun Rampal) about a recent promise of Mukesh's to marry a businessman's daughter in return for funding of a movie. Om is shocked to hear that Shanti is actually secretly married to Mukesh, and both Om and Mukesh are surprised to learn that Shanti is pregnant with Mukesh's child. Mukesh is adamant that his relationship with Shanti be kept a secret, because if the industry finds out she is married, not only will her career be finished, but also his upcoming movie "Om Shanti Om", starring Shanti, that had just been promised to be financed by the businessman mentioned. If it is found out she is married, he is afraid she will become very unpopular and the funding will be cut. Shanti does not care and demands that they get married in public and make their relationship official. Mukesh finally relents and promises her they will make it public soon. Om is heartbroken at this situation and goes back home with a heavy heart. One night, Om notices Mukesh escorting Shanti to the set of "Om Shanti Om". He curiously waits inside, eavesdropping on the couple's conversation. Mukesh tells Shanti that for her happiness, he is going to cancel the movie, reveal their marriage to the public, and have a grand wedding here in this spectacular set under the chandelier and then destroy the set after they have the marriage ceremony in it. Shanti bursts out with disbelief and happiness and Om goes out unnoticed. Then, Mukesh shows his true colors. He displays his anger and frustration at Shanti's constant demands to make their relationship public. He holds her responsible for his financial loss, and cancellation of this movie that could have made him a very rich man. Then, Mukesh Mehra pushes Shantipriya and he sets fire to the set of the movie and walks out, leaving Shanti trapped inside. She begs and pleads to him to let him out but he walks away from the burning set. Om witnesses this and hurries to Shanti's aid, but before he could do anything, Mukesh's bodyguards come and beat him up to a point where he cannot even get up. After they leave, though, Om is able to break into the set, but is unable to reach Shanti, but a gas explosion blows him out of the set, after which the set explodes with Shanti in it. Om, beaten, burned, and half dead, is hit by a car owned by Rajesh Kapoor (Javed Sheikh), a well-known actor who is rushing his pregnant wife (Asawari Joshi) to a hospital. Rajesh takes Om to the hospital as well, but he dies on the operating table. Moments later, Rajesh Kapoor's son is born, and unknowing of who the man he hit with his car was, Kapoor names his son Om. The rest of the movie is accelled 30 years, to the life of Om Kapoor who is the reincarnation of Om Prakash.Om Kapoor is a popular movie star and lives an extravagant life. He suffers from intense pyrophobia, a remnant of his past life as Om Prakash, which is revealed when he is shooting for a song (Dard-e-Disco) in his movie. During a location hunt for Om's next movie, Om and his crew choose the remains of the burnt "Om Shanti Om" set. As soon as he sees the set, Om begins to remember bits of his past life, and sees a vision of Shanti confessing her pregnancy to Mukesh which Om himself overheard in his last birth. At an award ceremony, he delivers Om Prakash's speech, and Pappu, now an old man, watches the award show on TV and is reminded of Om Prakash. In a party organised by Rajesh to celebrate Om's accolades, he meets Mukesh, who has been a top Hollywood producer for the past 30 years. Om remembers his past life in full and has emotional reunions with Bela and Pappu. To avenge Shanti's death, Om hatches a plan with Pappu and several others, deciding to remake the movie "Om Shanti Om" with Mukesh (whom he convinces to produce the movie). During the audition for Shanti's role, the crew meets Sandhya (nicknamed Sandy), a big fan of Om's who is a Shantipriya look-alike. Om and the crew train Sandy to play Shanti and then launch their plan: Om plays mind games with Mukesh by taking him to the restored set of "Om Shanti Om" and then having Sandy act like Shanti to make Mukesh think that Shanti has returned as a ghost. However, their plan backfires when Mukesh sees Sandy running away from the set and chases her. While running, Sandy cuts her arm on a lamp, revealing to Mukesh that Shanti has not returned and that Om was deceiving him. Having discovered Om's plan, Mukesh confronts him and they begin to fight. Suddenly, Sandy appears and tells the story of that night she died : After the fire extinguished, Mukesh came back for her body, but she was alive and breathing so he buried her alive under the ground below the chandelier. Mukesh tries to shoot Sandy, Om hits and disarms Mukesh and a fight ensues between them because of which the set catches fire again. When Mukesh tries to kill Sandy, Om takes Mukesh's gun and shoots him in the leg. Mukesh lands right under the chandelier under which he and Shanti were to be married; Om raises his hand to shoot Mukesh once and for all, but Sandy stops him, and then motions upward, where the hanging chandelier is. As they look up, the chandelier falls on Mukesh, killing him. After this, a confused Om looks at Sandy, who has a satisfied smile on her face. Om is shocked to see another Sandy emerge with Pappu and Anwar; it is then that he realizes that the "Sandy" that he and Mukesh saw was actually the ghost of Shantipriya. Everything falls into place, and Om understands all previous unexplained incidents. Om looks back to where the ghost was and catches one more glimpse of her tearfully saying a last goodbye before she disappears up the staircase. The movie ends with all the stars of the movie come out of a limo as if they are going to a movie premiere. The last person to come is director Farah Khan. When she comes out, nobody is there and people are cleaning up.

paragraphs: The film grossed more than 1 billion in India and $287 million in overseas and become All time blockbuster movie in 2007 for one year. As of 2017, this film is 36th in the list of highest grossing films


title: Javier Saviola

paragraphs: Javier Saviola (born 11 December 1981) is an Argentine football player. He plays for Benfica.


title: Chemoautotroph

paragraphs: A chemoautotroph is an organism that uses inorganic energy sources for food. Then it puts together its own organic compounds using ATP. Chemoautotrophs are mostly bacteria or archaea that live in hostile environments such as deep sea vents. They are the primary producers in such ecosystems.


title: Wayne's World

paragraphs: Wayne's World is a 1992 American comedy movie from Paramount Pictures, starring Mike Myers and Dana Carvey. It is based on a segment of the same name from television's "Saturday Night Live". It made more money than any other movie based on a SNL segment.


title: Kenny Dalglish

paragraphs: Sir Kenneth Mathieson "Kenny" Dalglish (born 4 March 1951) is a former Scottish football player and manager. He has played for Scotland national team.


title: Luis Oliveira

paragraphs: Luis Oliveira is a football player. He has played for Belgium national team.