title: Tammar wallaby

paragraphs: The tammar wallaby ("Macropus eugenii") are a small species of wallaby from Australia. They were the first macropods to be seen by Europeans. Francisco Pelsaert, captain of the Batavia, saw them when the ship was wrecked on the Abrolhos Islands in 1629. He said they looked like hopping cats. There are three sub-species of tammar wallaby:

paragraphs: The name tammar comes from the word "tamma", meaning sheoak. The wallaby lives under sheoak plants.

paragraphs: Tammar wallabies became extinct on mainland South Australia in the 1930's. Extinction has been caused by habitat destruction, hunting, and foxes. In 1998 a small population of South Australian wallabies was found living on Kawau Island near Auckland, in New Zealand. This group had been established by former South Australian governor, Sir George Grey in 1862 as part of his own private zoo. In New Zealand these wallabies were seen as a pest, and scientists have been studying ways to get rid of them. 85 wallabies were taken back to South Australia. After extensive fox controls at Innes National Park, 10 wallabies were released in November 2004. Another 36 were released in June 2005. These first releases were tracked with radio collars. Another group has been put into a captive breeding program at Monarto Zoo.

paragraphs: Tammar wallabies live in thick scrub during the day and come out into grassland to feed at night. They eat mainly grass and herbs. In dry areas they have been known to survive by drinking seawater. They range over an area of about .

paragraphs: They are about in height, with a dark grey brown fur. They have reddish colour on their arms and sides, with pale grey fur on their bellies. They may also have a feint white line on their cheeks.

paragraphs: The wallabies have a very unusual breeding pattern. The fertilized eggs remain dormant inside the mother until the summer solstice when foetal development restarts. This is called "embryonic diapause". All the young are born on the same day about 31 days later, at the end of January or the beginning of February.

paragraphs: The tammar wallaby is the marsupial chosen for the genome sequencing project. Scientists are studying the milk from the wallaby as they think it might contain a new and powerful antibiotic.


title: Antonine Wall

paragraphs: The Antonine Wall is a stone and turf fortification built by the Romans across the Midlands of Scotland, between the Firth of Forth (near modern Edinburgh) and the Firth of Clyde (near Glasgow).

paragraphs: The Antonine Wall is part of the UNESCO World Heritage Site called Frontiers of the Roman Empire. It shares this listing with Hadrian's Wall and the German wall known as the Limes Germanicus.

paragraphs: It was the northernmost frontier barrier of the Roman Empire. It spanned about 39 miles (63 km), and was about ten feet (3 m) high and fifteen feet (5 m) wide. There was a deep ditch on the north side. The barrier was the second of two "great walls" created by the Romans in Britannia. Its ruins are less visible than the better known Hadrian's Wall to the south.

paragraphs: Construction began in AD 142 at the order of Roman Emperor Antoninus Pius, and took about twelve years to complete. Pressure from the Caledonians may have led Antoninus to send the empire's troops farther north. The wall was protected by sixteen forts with a number of small fortlets between them; troop movement was facilitated by a road linking all the sites known as the Military Way. The soldiers who built the wall commemorated the construction and their struggles with the barbarians in a number of decorative slabs, twenty of which still survive.

paragraphs: Despite this good start, the wall was abandoned after only twenty years. The garrisons were sent back to Hadrian's Wall. In 208 Emperor Septimius Severus re-established legions at the wall and ordered repairs. This has led to the wall being referred to as the Severan Wall. However, this occupation ended only a few years later, and the wall was never fortified again. Most of the wall and its associated fortifications have been destroyed over time, but some remains are still visible. Many of these have come under the care of Historic Scotland and the UNESCO World Heritage Site Committee.

paragraphs: This was the only attempt the Roman Empire made to hold Scottish territory.


title: Alliance Party of Northern Ireland

paragraphs: The Alliance Party of Northern Ireland is a liberal and non-sectarian political party in Northern Ireland. It is neutral on the issue of whether Northern Ireland should stay in or leave the United Kingdom. The party currently has 8 out of 90 seats in the Northern Ireland Assembly. Its current leader is Naomi Long

paragraphs: The party was founded in 1970 and gained its first elected Member of Parliament (MP) at the 2010 UK General Election. It is close to the British Liberal Democrats.


title: Paddy Ashdown

paragraphs: Jeremy John Durham "Paddy" Ashdown, Baron Ashdown of Norton-sub-Hamdon (27 February 1941 – 22 December 2018) was a British politician and international diplomat. He served as leader of the Liberal Democrats from July 1988 to August 1999.

paragraphs: Paddy Ashdown was born in New Delhi, British India, but was brought up in Northern Ireland and his Irish accent brought him the nickname "Paddy". He served in the Royal Marines from 1959 to 1972 and saw fighting in Borneo, Hong Kong and Northern Ireland. At the 1983 general election, Ashdown became the Liberal Party's Member of Parliament (MP) for the constituency of Yeovil.

paragraphs: In 1988, when the Liberal Party merged with the Social Democratic Party to form the Liberal Democrats, Ashdown was elected the leader of the new party and led the party through the 1992 and 1997 general elections. He resigned in 1999, and was given both a knighthood and a seat in the House of Lords. In the House of Lords, he was given the title Baron Ashdown of Norton-sub-Hamdon. From 2002 to 2006 he served as High Representative for Bosnia and Herzegovina.

paragraphs: His reputation was damaged slightly in 1992, when it was revealed that he had a five-month extra-marital affair with his secretary, and many British newspapers exposed this in great detail. "The Sun" newspaper ran a famous headline which played on Ashdown's name, calling him "Paddy Pants-Down".

paragraphs: Ashdown was diagnosed with "serious" bladder cancer in October 2018. He died two months later on 22 December 2018 from the disease in Norton-sub-Hamdon, Somerset, at the age of 77.


title: Jim Murphy

paragraphs: James Francis 'Jim' Murphy (born August 23, 1967 in Glasgow, Scotland) is a British politician. He was the leader of the Scottish Labour Party. He was the Labour Party Member of Parliament (MP) for the constituency of East Renfrewshire.

paragraphs: He was first made a Member of Parliament at the 1997 General Election for the Eastwood constituency. He has been the East Renfrewshire MP from 2005 onwards. He held two cabinet posts: Minister of State for Europe (June 2007-October 2008) and Secretary of State for Scotland (October 2008-May 2010). He was made the shadow Secretary of State for Defence in October 2010. He became the Shadow Secretary of State for International Development in 2013. He resigned from this job in November 2014 because he wanted to be the leader of the Scottish Labour Party.

paragraphs: On 13 December 2014 he became the leader of the Scottish Labour Party. Because he was an MP in theUK Parliament, the deputy leader of the Scottish Labour Partyrepresented him in the Scottish Parliament. The deputy leader was Kezia Dugdale.

paragraphs: After the Scottish Labour Party's defeat in the 2015 general election (with Murphy himself losing his seat), Murphy resigned as party leader.


title: Ermine Street

paragraphs: Ermine Street is the name of one of the main Roman roads in Britain. It ran from London ("Londinium") to Lincoln ("Lindum Colonia") and York ("Eboracum"). The original Roman name for the road is not known.

paragraphs: Ermine Street is also called the Old North Road from London to where it joins the A1 near Godmanchester.

paragraphs: The alternative route (in blue) was built to allow transport in all weather. The direct route crosses the River Humber, a tidal estuary of the rivers Trent and Ouse. In bad weather crossing would have been impossible. The Humber is too wide for the Romans to have built a bridge, therefore some kind of ferry must have been used.


title: Islamic Azad University

paragraphs: Islamic Azad University (, "Dāneshgāh-e Āzād-e Eslāmi") is a private university system based in Iran. The university was founded in 1982. It is the world's third largest university. 1.5 million students study there. The university has over 100 branches across Iran and also in other countries such as the emirate of Dubai and the United Kingdom. Over the years, the university has become richer. It is estimated to be worth between $20 and $25 billion.


title: Sadiq Khan

paragraphs: Sadiq Aman Khan (born 8 October 1970) is a British politician. He is the Mayor of London since 8 May 2016. He was the Shadow Justice Secretary in Ed Miliband's and Jeremy Corbyn's shadow cabinet. He was the Labour Party Member of Parliament (MP) for the constituency of Tooting.

paragraphs: Khan was born at St George’s Hospital in Tooting, London, to Pakistani immigrants. He grew up in Earlsfield, London.

paragraphs: Khan worked as a human rights solicitor until the 2005 General Election when he was elected as an MP. He became the Minister of State for Transport from June 2009 to May 2010 and when Ed Miliband became leader of the Labour Party, he was made the Shadow Justice Secretary.

paragraphs: Khan was chosen to be the Labour Party candidate in the 2016 London mayoral election. On 6 May 2016, Khan was elected to the office of mayor by winning 57% of the vote. He became the first Muslim to be elected mayor of a British capital city. He became mayor on 8 May.


title: Vince Cable

paragraphs: Sir John Vincent "Vince" Cable (born 9 May 1943 in York, England) is a British politician. He was the Leader of the Liberal Democrats from 2017 to 2019. Cable was the Secretary of State for Business, Innovation and Skills in the Conservative-Liberal Democrat coalition government. He is the Liberal Democrat Member of Parliament (MP) for the constituency of Twickenham.

paragraphs: Vince Cable studied economics at university and became an economic advisor to the Kenyan government in 1966.

paragraphs: He was an advisor to the British government and to the Commonwealth Secretary-General in the 1970s and 1980s. He served as Chief Economist for the oil company Shell from 1995 to 1997. In the 1970s, Cable was active in the Labour Party and became a Glasgow councillor. However, in 1982, he joined the Social Democratic Party (SDP) which would go on to form the Liberal Democrats and he unsuccessfully contested seats in the elections of 1983, 1987 and 1992 until being elected as the MP for the London constituency of Twickenham in the 1997 general election.

paragraphs: He was the main economics spokesperson for the Liberal Democrats from 2003 to 2010 and became the Liberal Democrats' Deputy Leader in 2006. In May 2010, a coalition government was formed between the Conservative Party and the Liberal Democrats and Vince Cable was made the Secretary of State for Business, Innovation and Skills. He has promised a 'very radical overhaul' of the state pensions system. He resigned from his position as Deputy Leader in May 2010.

paragraphs: After Tim Farron resigned, Cable said he would stand for leader. No other MP decided to stand against him and Cable became leader on 20 July 2017.

paragraphs: Cable announced in September 2018 that he would resign as Leader of the Liberal Democrats in May 2019. He later changed his retirement date to whenever "Brexit is resolved or stopped". On 24 May 2019, Cable said he would step down as party leader on 23 July. He was replaced by Deputy Jo Swinson on 22 July 2019.

paragraphs: Cable was a contestant in the BBC's Christmas 2010 "Strictly Come Dancing" contest. He did not win. Cable was the second politician to appear on the show, after Ann Widdecombe.


title: Fosse Way

paragraphs: Fosse Way was one of the main Roman roads in Britain. Its route was unusual, because despite its length it went nowhere near London. It went directly from the south-west coast to the midland east coast. It linked Exeter ("Isca Dumnoniorum") in South West England to Lincoln ("Lindum Colonia") in the East Midlands. The road went via Ilchester ("Lindinis"), Bath ("Aquae Sulis"), Cirencester ("Corinium") and Leicester ("Ratae Corieltauvorum").

paragraphs: It joined Akeman Street and Ermin Way at Cirencester, crossed Watling Street at "Venonis" (High Cross) south of Leicester, and joined Ermine Street at Lincoln.

paragraphs: The word "Fosse" is derived from the Latin "fossa", meaning "ditch". For the first few decades after the Roman invasion of Britain in AD 43, the Fosse Way marked the western frontier of Roman rule in Iron Age Britain. It is possible that the road began as a defensive ditch that was later filled in and converted into a road, or possibly a defensive ditch ran alongside the road for at least some of its length.

paragraphs: It is remarkable for its extremely direct route. From Lincoln to Ilchester in Somerset is a distance of 182 miles. The road is never more than six miles from a straight line.

paragraphs: Place names with words like -cester or -chester are derived from the Latin "castra", meaning 'military camp'. 'Street' is derived from the Latin "strata", meaning a paved road.

paragraphs: Fosse Way still exists. In places it is a major road, in others a country path. The A46 between Lincoln and Leicester is on the Fosse Way. From Bath to Ilchester the A37 follows the Fosse, and from Ilchester to Exeter the A30/A303 roads follow the Fosse for the most part.

paragraphs: The Roman road is, quite simply, the shortest route possible.


title: Ann Widdecombe

paragraphs: Ann Noreen Widdecombe (born 4 October 1947 in Bath, Somerset, England) is a British former politician. She was the Conservative Party Member of Parliament (MP) for the constituency of Maidstone and The Weald from 1987 to 2010.

paragraphs: Widdecombe is the daughter of a Ministry of Defence civil servant James Murray Widdecombe and Rita N Plummer. She attended the Royal Navy School in Singapore, and a convent school in Bath. She then read Latin at Birmingham University and later attended Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford, to read Philosophy, Politics and Economics (PPE). She worked for Unilever (1973–75). She was then an administrator at the University of London (1975–87) before entering Parliament.

paragraphs: She was first elected to the House of Commons at the 1987 General Election. From 1995 to 1997, she was the Minister of State for Prisons. Ann Widdecombe served in William Hague's shadow cabinet from 1997 to 2001. Widdecombe retired from politics at the 2010 general election.

paragraphs: Throughout her political career, Widdecombe was socially conservative and converted from the Church of England to Catholic Church in 1992 after the Church of England voted to allow female priests.

paragraphs: She is a committed animal lover. She is one of the few Conservative MPs to have consistently voted for the ban on fox hunting.

paragraphs: Widdecombe was a contestant in the 2010 series of "Strictly Come Dancing". In 2002 she took part in a Louis Theroux television documentary. It showed her life, both in and out of politics. She was cast as herself in an episode of the science-fiction drama "Doctor Who".

paragraphs: On 23 April 2012, Widdecombe presented an hour-long documentary for BBC Radio 5 Live. It was "Drunk Again: Ann Widdecombe Investigates", looking at how the British attitude to getting drunk has changed over the last few years.


title: Ian Paisley

paragraphs: Ian Richard Kyle Paisley, Baron Bannside (6 April 1926 – 12 September 2014) was a politician and church minister in Northern Ireland. He founded the Democratic Unionist Party (DUP) in 1971 and was its leader until May 2008.

paragraphs: He was born in Armagh and grew up in Ballymena. He founded the Free Presbyterian Church of Ulster in 1951 and was a Member of Parliament (MP) for the constituency of North Antrim from 1970 to 2010. He was the First Minister of Northern Ireland from May 2007 to June 2008 at the head of an all-party government.

paragraphs: He called himself the Reverend Doctor Ian Paisley.

paragraphs: Paisley died in Belfast on 12 September 2014, aged 88. At the time of his death, Paisley suffered from cardiomyopathy.


title: Armageddon

paragraphs: Armageddon ( Harmagedōn, , Har Megiddo, , ) is the place where the great war of the end of day will start.

paragraphs: Christians that believe that Jesus Christ will someday come back to earth, translated the sentences of the Messiah and the Lamb of God, are the symbolism of Jesus, that will return to the earth to fight the Antichrist (or the Beast) in the battle of "Armageddon". After that war Satan (or the "Antichrist") will be thrown to the bottomless pit, or "Abyss" for a 1,000 years, known as the "Millennium Age". After Satan will be out of the pit, he will gather one man called "Gog and Magog" (In the texts he is named "God and Magog" but also named "Gog kind of Magog", in Jewish texts, the war of Gog and Magog means the attack of Gog kind of Magog to kill all the Jewish people, and God will kill him and his army. In Christianity, Gog and Magog are two separate people that are Evil.) from the Four corners of the Earth. They will trap the "Holy Ones" (means Christians) in the "Beloved City", (means Jerusalem). Then Fire will come from God and from the Heavens, and it will destroy Gog and Magog and will trap the Devil in "Gehenna" (Gehinom, Valley of Hinom, a place near Jerusalem, lake of fire and brimstone, also known as Hell).

paragraphs: The word "Armageddon" appears only once in the "Greek New Testament". This word comes from the Hebrew "Har Megiddo" (), which means - "Mountain of Megiddo". In Israel there is a small city, that is in the Azrieli Vally, called Megiddo. The Mountain of Megiddo is a small mountain which had a big Roman fort.


title: Bromine monochloride

paragraphs: Bromine monochloride, also known as bromine(I) chloride, bromochloride, or bromine chloride, is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is BrCl. It contains bromine in its +1 oxidation state and chloride ions.

paragraphs: It is a red-brown gas. It is an oxidizing agent. It is used in analytical chemistry to see how much mercury is in something. It can be used to kill bacteria and mold in industrial places. It is highly toxic.


title: Bromine dioxide

paragraphs: Bromine dioxide, also known as bromine(IV) oxide, is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is BrO. It contains bromine in its +4 oxidation state. It also contains oxide ions.

paragraphs: It is a yellow or yellow-orange solid. It is very unstable. It turns into bromine and oxygen easily. It is similar to chlorine dioxide. It reacts with a base to make bromide and bromate.

paragraphs: It is made when an electric current is passed through a mixture of cold bromine and oxygen gases. It also can be made by reacting bromine in an organic solvent with ozone.


title: Calcium bromate

paragraphs: Calcium bromate is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is Ca(BrO). It contains calcium and bromate ions.

paragraphs: Calcium bromate is a colorless solid. It dissolves in water easily. It is an oxidizing agent. It is similar to calcium chloride.

paragraphs: It is made by oxidation (by electrolysis) of calcium bromide solution. It can also be made by dissolving bromine in hot calcium hydroxide solution. This also makes calcium bromide.

paragraphs: It is added to flour to make it better in some areas.


title: Sodium bromate

paragraphs: Sodium bromate is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is NaBrO, which means that one molecule of it contains one atom of sodium and one ion of bromate.

paragraphs: Sodium bromate is a colorless solid. It is a strong oxidizing agent.

paragraphs: Sodium bromate is made by reacting sodium hydroxide with bromic acid. It can also be made by electrolysis of a sodium bromide solution. It may be made by dissolving bromine in hot sodium hydroxide solution. This also makes sodium bromide.

paragraphs: It is used to dye hair. It is also used to dye other things. It can be used to dissolve gold.


title: Potassium bromate

paragraphs: Potassium bromate is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is KBrO. It contains potassium and bromate ions.

paragraphs: Potassium bromate is a white solid. It is a strong oxidizing agent. It might be a carcinogen.

paragraphs: It can be made by dissolving bromine in hot potassium hydroxide. It can also be made by electrolysis of potassium bromide solution.

paragraphs: Potassium bromate is used to make wheat flour better. Some places have banned it from being added to flour because it might be a carcinogen. Normally when the bread is baked the potassium bromate is broken down. If there is too much, then some might be left over in the bread, which is bad.


title: San Luigi dei Francesi

paragraphs: San Luigi dei Francesi is a French church in Rome. It was build by Giacomo della Porta who completed it in 1859. The church is found near the Roman Pantheon, Piazza Navona and the French Cultural Center. The main attraction are some Caravaggio paintings; The Calling of Saint Matthew, The Inspiration of Saint Matthew, and the Martyrdom of Saint Matthew.

paragraphs: The outside facade was also done by Giacomo della Porta as a decorative piece apart from the actual church. It shows French heroes and saints like Charlemagne and Saint Louis.

paragraphs: The church is also a burial site for Pauline de Beaumont, Frédéric Bastiat, and Cardinal François-Joachim de Pierre de Bernis.


title: Amadeus (movie)

paragraphs: Amadeus is a 1984 American biographical period drama movie directed by Milos Forman. It won eight Oscars. This is a biography of two great music composers - Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart and Antonio Salieri. Salieri knows Mozart is a great composer but tries to stop him out of envy.

paragraphs: The movie was shot on location in Prague, Kroměříž and Vienna. Notably, Forman was able to shoot scenes in the Count Nostitz Theatre in Prague, where "Don Giovanni" and "La Clemenza di Tito" were first shown two centuries before. Several other scenes were shot at the Barrandov Studios.


title: Bromic acid

paragraphs: Bromic acid is a chemical compound. It is also an acid. Its chemical formula is HBrO. It contains hydrogen and bromate ions.

paragraphs: Bromic acid cannot be found pure. It can be found in a solution though. It is very corrosive and a strong oxidizing agent. It is similar to chloric acid.

paragraphs: Bromic acid is made by adding a strong acid to a bromate such as sodium bromate.

paragraphs: Bromic acid can be used to make bromates, although it is not normally used.


title: Bromine pentafluoride

paragraphs: Bromine pentafluoride is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is BrF. It contains bromine and fluoride ions. The bromine is in its +5 oxidation state.

paragraphs: Bromine pentafluoride is a pale yellow liquid. It is a powerful oxidizing agent. It reacts with water to make bromic acid and hydrofluoric acid.

paragraphs: It can be made by reacting hot bromine with fluorine. This makes some bromine trifluoride. Potassium bromide can be reacted with fluorine. This makes bromine pentafluoride and potassium fluoride.

paragraphs: It is used to look at the isotopes of oxygen. It can add fluoride ions to other chemical compounds. It can be used as an oxidizing agent in rockets. It can be used as poison as well.

paragraphs: Bromine pentafluoride is very corrosive. Just a little kills most animals. It can ignite powdered metals.


title: Bromine trifluoride

paragraphs: Bromine trifluoride is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is BrF. It contains bromine and fluoride ions. The bromine is in its +3 oxidation state.

paragraphs: It is a yellow liquid. It absorbs water. It reacts when it is placed in water. It can be dissolved in concentrated sulfuric acid. It conducts electricity. It can dissolve other fluorides.

paragraphs: It is made by reacting cold fluorine with bromine. Hot fluorine makes bromine pentafluoride.

paragraphs: It is used to make uranium hexafluoride for uranium making. This makes the uranium able to explode in an atomic bomb.


title: Kingsmeadow

paragraphs: Kingsmeadow is an association football stadium in Kingston upon Thames, London. It has been used since 1989. There are four parts to it. It could hold 4,720 people as of 2009. It has a grass surface.


title: Leader of the Conservative Party (UK)

paragraphs: The Leader of the Conservative Party is the most senior politician within the Conservative Party of the United Kingdom. The post is currently held by Boris Johnson who is also the Prime Minister at the head of a Conservative majority government. There was no proper leader of the Conservative Party until 1922:

paragraphs: "Those asterisked ( * ) were considered the overall leader of the party."

paragraphs: Date in brackets shows when each person became leader.


title: White people

paragraphs: White people are people with light skin. Most white people are of European origin, but are also found in other places. Sometimes it refers to a larger group: white people among other groups. The term "Caucasian" is often used as a synonym for "white people", but sometimes it means people of the Caucasus Mountains.

paragraphs: Before the modern age, no Europeans thought of themselves as "white". Instead, they defined their race, ancestry, or ethnicity in terms of their nationality (Greek, Roman, etc.). The concept of a unified white race came into use in the 17th century, or later. The strongest proponents of racialism in 20th century Europe, Fascist Italy and Nazi Germany, regarded some European peoples such as Slavs as racially distinct from themselves.


title: Kazuyo Sejima

paragraphs: Sejima worked in the design office of Toyo Ito.

paragraphs: In 1987, she started her own company, Kazuyo Sejima and Associates in 1987.

paragraphs: In 1995, she started a partnership with Ryūe Nishizawa in Tokyo. It was called SANAA.

paragraphs: In 2005-2008, she was a visiting professor at the School of Architecture at Princeton University, in Princeton, New Jersey.

paragraphs: In 2010, Sejima became Director of the Architecture Sector for the Venice Biennale. She organized the 12th Annual International Architecture Exhibition. She is the first woman to be in that position.


title: SANAA

paragraphs: SANAA is an architecture partnership in Tokyo. SANAA won the Pritzker Architecture Prize in 2010.

paragraphs: Kazuyo Sejima and Ryūe Nishizawa started the design office in 1995.


title: Notoceratops

paragraphs: Notoceratops (meaning "southern horned face") was a ceratopsian dinosaur known only from a late Cretaceous jaw bone. "Notoceratops" walked on four sturdy legs, had a large head, a bulky body, a parrot-like beak, cheek teeth, and a small frill on its head.

paragraphs: Notoceratops was named by Augusto Tapia in 1918 from a partial lower jaw found in Chubut, Argentina. This original "Notoceratops bonarelli" is missing and there is some doubt as to whether or not this fossil was actually a ceratopsian.


title: Kumamoto Prefecture

paragraphs: The area of Higo Province was renamed Kumamoto during the Meiji Restoration.

paragraphs: Kumamoto Prefecture is in the middle of Kyūshū The western border of Kumamoto is the Ariake Sea and the Amakusa Islands. Fukuoka Prefecture and Ōita Prefecture are in the north. Miyazaki Prefecture is in the east. Kagoshima Prefecture is in the south.

paragraphs: Mount Aso (1592 m) is an active volcano in the eastern part of the prefecture.

paragraphs: National Parks are established in about 21% of the total land area of the prefecture, including

paragraphs: "Aso-jinja" is the chief Shinto shrines ("ichinomiya") in the prefecture.


title: Christian Mortensen

paragraphs: Thomas Peter Thorvald Kristian Ferdinand Mortensen (August 16, 1882 – April 25, 1998), known as an adult as Christian Mortensen, was a Danish-born American supercentenarian who lived to age 115 years, 252 days. At the time of his death, Mortensen was believed to be the second oldest person ever born in Europe behind Frenchwoman Jeanne Calment as well as the second-oldest man ever behind Japaneseman Shigechiyo Izumi. However, both of them are nowadays disputed, which means Mortensen was the oldest person ever born in Europe as well as the fifth oldest person ever in the world (behind Canadianwoman Marie-Louise Meilleur who died just nine days before him, Americanwoman Sarah Knauss who then was the oldest living person, Japanesewoman Tane Ikai and Americanwoman Maggie Barnes who died three months before him), the only man who became 115 years old (before Emiliano Mercado del Toro's 115th birthday on 21 August 2006) and the oldest man ever though until 27 December 2012 whereafter his record was broken by Japaneseman Jiroemon Kimura (who was the third man to become 115 years old as well as the only man to become 116 years old).

paragraphs: Mortensen was baptised in Fruering Church on December 26, 1882. Besides his baptismal record, other records include the 1890 and 1901 census enumerations in Denmark, and church confirmation in 1896.


title: Violante Beatrice of Bavaria

paragraphs: Violante Beatrice of Bavaria (23 January 1673 – 30 May 1731) was the wife of the Ferdinando de' Medici, Grand Prince of Tuscany, the heir to the Grand Duchy of Tuscany.

paragraphs: She was the youngest child of Ferdinand Maria, Elector of Bavaria and Henrietta Adelaide of Savoy and was a sister to Louis XIV's daughter-in-law.

paragraphs: She married Ferdinando de' Medici on 9 January 1689 and became known as the Grand Princess of Tuscany. Her husband died on 31 October 1713 and she did not have any children. She was put in charge of Siena in 1717 and died in 1731.


title: Maria Anna Victoria of Bavaria

paragraphs: Maria Anna Victoria of Bavaria (28 November 1660 – 20 April 1690) was the wife of Louis, the Grand Dauphin. She had three sons including the father of Louis XV of France and a King of Spain. In France she was known as Dauphine Marie Anne Victoire. She was a sister of the Violante Beatrice of Bavaria, the last Medici Grand Princess of Tuscany. At court she was known simply as "Madame la Dauphine".

paragraphs: She was a daughter of Ferdinand Maria, Elector of Bavaria and Henrietta Adelaide of Savoy.

paragraphs: Through her first two sons she is an ancestor of the present King of Spain as well as the present Grand Duke of Luxembourg.


title: Geometric abstraction

paragraphs: Geometric abstraction is a form of abstract art based on the use of geometric forms in non-representational compositions. This art is not meant to depict our everyday visual world, but instead uses the shapes of basic geometry.

paragraphs: Wassily Kandinsky, one of the forerunners of pure non-objective painting, was among the first modern artists to explore this geometric approach in his abstract work. Other examples of pioneer abstractionists such as Kazimir Malevich and Piet Mondrian have also embraced this approach towards abstract painting.

paragraphs: Geometric abstraction is not just an invention of 20th century avant-garde artists or movements. It is present in many cultures throughout history both as decorative motifs and as art pieces themselves.

paragraphs: Islamic art, in its prohibition of depicting religious figures, is a prime example of this geometric pattern-based art. It existed centuries before the modern movement in Europe, and in many ways influenced this Western school. Geometric patterns were often used in the architecture of Islamic civilisations from the 7th century-20th century, to visually connect spirituality with science and art.

paragraphs: Abstract art has also historically been likened to music in its ability to convey emotional or expressive feelings and ideas without reliance upon or reference to recognizable objective forms already existent in reality. Wassily Kandinsky has discussed this connection between music and painting, as well as how the practice of classical composition had influenced his work, at length in his seminal essay "Concerning the Spiritual in Art".

paragraphs: Expressionist abstract painting, as practiced by artists such as Jackson Pollock, is the opposite of geometric abstraction.

paragraphs: Artists who have worked extensively in geometric abstraction include Josef Albers, Theo van Doesburg, Wassily Kandinsky, Kazimir Malevich, Piet Mondrian, Barnett Newman, Kenneth Noland, Bridget Riley, Alexander Rodchenko, Sophie Taeuber-Arp, among others.


title: Josef Albers

paragraphs: Josef Albers (March 19, 1888 – March 25, 1976) was a German-born American artist and educator. His work in Europe and the United States was highly influential and far-reaching. His ideas formed the basis of many art education programs in the 20th century.

paragraphs: Albers was born in Bottrop, Westphalia (Germany). He studied art in Berlin, Essen, and Munich, before enrolling as a student at the prestigious Weimar Bauhaus in 1920. He began teaching in the preliminary course of the Department of Design in 1922, and was promoted to Professor in 1925, the year the Bauhaus moved to Dessau. His work at this time included designing furniture and working with glass.

paragraphs: With the closure of the Bauhaus under Nazi pressure in 1933, Albers emigrated to the United States. In 1950 Albers was appointed head of the Department of Design at Yale University. In 1963 he published "Interaction of color" which presented his theory that colors were governed by an internal and deceptive logic. A key idea, which he proved by examples, was that our perception of color is not constant. It is influenced by the juxtaposition (placing together) of one color with another. This interested artists interested in optical illusions (Op art).

paragraphs: Albers is best remembered for his work as an abstract painter and theorist. Most famous of all are the hundreds of paintings and prints that make up the series "Homage to the Square". In this rigorous series, begun in 1949, Albers explored chromatic interactions with flat colored squares arranged inside each other. This was a union of geometric abstraction with experiments in color.


title: Dae Jung-Sang

paragraphs: Dae Jung-sang, also called "Qiqi Zhongxiang" or "Geolgeol Jungsang" (, ? – 698), was a Korean Goguryeos mililtary people. He was the father of Balhae's founder, Dae Jo-Young.

paragraphs: Many historians consider hím as the founder of the kingdom of Balhae (situated in Manchuria and Northern Korean Peninsula).


title: Philip V of Spain

paragraphs: Philip V of Spain (19 December 1683 - 9 July 1746) was the second son of Louis, Grand Dauphin and Maria Anna Victoria of Bavaria. He was a grandson of Louis XIV and Marie Therese of Austria and was King of Spain from 1700 – 1724 and again from 1724 – 1746. He succeeded Charles II of Spain who was childless and mad.

paragraphs: He was born at the Palace of Versailles, France. He lost the Kingdom of Naples to Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor and the Kingdom of Sicily to Victor Amadeus II. He died at his the Royal Palace of Madrid.

paragraphs: Philip was the first Bourbon king of Spain. He died in Madrid, Spain. His reign of 45 years and 21 days is the longest in modern Spanish history. He was also the father of three Kings of Spain.

paragraphs: He married Maria Luisa of Savoy in 1701 and had four children:

paragraphs: He remarried in 1714 to Elisabeth Farnese and had seven children:


title: Louis I of Spain

paragraphs: Louis I of Spain (25 August 1707 – 31 August 1724) was the King of Spain and eldest son of Philip V of Spain and Maria Luisa of Savoy. His reign was one of the shortest in Spanish history. It is often considered unremarkable. However, his marriage to his father's cousin Louis Élisabeth d'Orléans helped the country's relations with France. His wife was a minor French princess.

paragraphs: Louis was born in Madrid. He was the heir to the throne from birth. He held the title Prince of Asturias. He was given the names Louis, after his grandfather the King Louis XIV, and Felipe, in honour of his father. He was a first cousin of Louis XV of France as well as the future Charles Emmanuel III of Sardinia.

paragraphs: Louis was King of Spain from 14 January to 31 August 1724, less than eight months. During his short reign he was nicknamed "The beloved" and "The liberal" ("El Bien Amado" and "El Liberal" in Spanish). His reign ended when he died of smallpox. He had no children.


title: Louise Élisabeth d'Orléans

paragraphs: Louise "Élisabeth" d'Orléans (11 December 1709 – 16 June 1742) was the wife of Louis I of Spain. She was a daughter of Françoise Marie de Bourbon and Philippe, Duke of Orléans, Regent of France. She married Louis, then known as the Prince of Asturias on 20 January 1722. She had no children and became Queen of Spain in January 1724 before her husband died the same year of smallpox. She was sent back to France where she died alone and ignored in Paris in 1742. She is noted as one of the shortest reigning royal consorts in history.


title: Maria Luisa of Savoy

paragraphs: Maria Luisa of Savoy (17 September 1688 – 14 February 1714) was the first wife of Philip V of Spain. She loved her husband a lot and gave him four children. She had a lot of influence in the government but died exhausted in 1714. Her husband remarried to Elisabeth Farnese in December 1714. She was very popular in Spain.

paragraphs: Named after her aunt the former Queen of Spain she was the second daughter of the Duke and Duchess of Savoy. At her fathers court it was well known that her father was having an affair with the Countess of Verua. This therefore put strain on her parents marriage. She was always close to her sister Marie Adélaïde.

paragraphs: She married Philip V in 1701 and had four children:


title: Elisabeth Farnese

paragraphs: Elisabetta Farnese (25 October 1692 – 11 July 1766) was the second wife of Philip V of Spain. Phillip's first wife, Maria Luisa of Savoy, had died in February 1714. Elisabetta married the king in December 1714. She had lots of influence over the state till her husband's death in 1746. She acted as Regent in 1759 when her eldest son Charles III of Spain became king and was travelling from Naples. There were plans for her to marry Victor Amadeus, Prince of Piedmont but the marriage never occurred.


title: Political parties in Scotland

paragraphs: Most political parties in Scotland can be put into two groups: Unionists and Nationalists. Nationalists want Scotland to become an independent country and to stop being part of the United Kingdom whereas Unionists want Scotland to stay in the United Kingdom.

paragraphs: The following parties are parties represented at either the British House of Commons, the Scottish Parliament and/or the European Parliament.

paragraphs: These are parties who contested the Scottish Parliament election, 2007 but did not gain representation:


title: Dino De Laurentiis

paragraphs: Agostino De Laurentiis, usually credited as Dino De Laurentiis (8 August 1919 – 10 November 2010), was an Italian Academy Award-winning movie producer.

paragraphs: He was born at Torre Annunziata in the province of Naples. He grew up selling spaghetti produced by his father. He studied at the Centro Sperimentale di Cinematografia in Rome. His studies were interrupted by the Second World War.

paragraphs: His first movie was "L'ultimo Combattimento" in 1940. He has produced nearly 150 movies. In 1946 his company, the Dino de Laurentiis Cinematografica, moved into movie production. In the early years, De Laurentiis produced neorealist films such as "Bitter Rice" (1946) and the Fellini classics "La Strada" (1954) and "Nights of Cabiria" (1956). Neorealist is a style about the poor and working class. In the 1960s, De Laurentiis built his own studio facilities. During this period, De Laurentiis produced such films as "Kiss the Girls and Make Them Die", "Navajo Joe" (1966), and "Barbarella" (1968).

paragraphs: In the 1970s, De Laurentiis moved to the US. He created his own studio, De Laurentiis Entertainment Group (DEG), based in Wilmington, North Carolina. During this period De Laurentiis made a number of successful and acclaimed movies, including "Serpico" (1973), "Death Wish" (1974), "Mandingo" (1975), "Three Days of the Condor" (1975), "The Shootist" (1976), Ingmar Bergman's "The Serpent's Egg" (1977), "Ragtime" (1981), "Conan the Barbarian" (1982) and "Blue Velvet" (1986).

paragraphs: It is for his more infamous productions that De Laurentiis's name has become known: The "King Kong" (1976) remake, which was a commercial hit, "Lipstick", the killer whale movie "Orca" (1977); "The White Buffalo" (1977); the disaster movie "Hurricane" (1979); the remake of "Flash Gordon" (1980); "Halloween II" (the 1981 sequel to John Carpenter's 1978 classic horror movie); David Lynch's "Dune" (1984); and "King Kong Lives" (1986). De Laurentiis also made several adaptations of Stephen King's works during this time, including "The Dead Zone" (1983), "Cat's Eye" (1985), "Silver Bullet" (1985) and "Maximum Overdrive" (1986); "Army of Darkness" (1992) was produced jointly by De Laurentiis, Robert Tapert and the movie's star Bruce Campbell.

paragraphs: De Laurentiis also produced the first Hannibal Lecter movie "Manhunter" (1986), "Hannibal" (2001) and "Red Dragon" (2002), a remake of "Manhunter". He also produced "Hannibal Rising" (2007).

paragraphs: In 2001 he received the Irving G. Thalberg Memorial Award from the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences.

paragraphs: Laurentiis died on 10 November 2010 at his residence in Beverly Hills, California.

paragraphs: He had four children with his first wife, actress Silvana Mangano, who died in 1989. He later married movie producer Martha Schumacher with whom he had two daughters. One of the children from his first marriage, Raffaella De Laurentiis, is also a producer; another, Federico De Laurentiis (28 February 1955 – 15 July 1981), died at 26 in an airplane crash. His granddaughter is Giada De Laurentiis, host of "Everyday Italian", "Behind the Bash", "Giada at Home" and "Giada's Weekend Getaways" on Food Network. His nephew is Aurelio De Laurentiis, a film producer and the chairman of SSC Napoli football club.

paragraphs: Selected filmography from 1965 to the present.


paragraphs: Ferdinando de' Medici, Grand Prince of Tuscany (9 August 1663 – 31 October 1713) was the son of Cosimo III de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany and Marguerite Louise d'Orléans. Ferdinando was heir to the Grand Duchy of Tuscany, with the title Grand Prince from his father's accession in 1670 until his death in 1713. He married Violante Beatrice of Bavaria in 1689 but the marriage remained childless. He died of syphilis aged 50.

paragraphs: His older brother Gian Gastone de' Medici, then became Grand Prince and later was the Grand Duke of Tuscany.


title: Supernatural (TV series)

paragraphs: Supernatural is an American horror, drama, fantasy, fiction TV series created by Eric Kripke. It first aired on September 13, 2005 on The WB and now it is part of The CW series. The show stars Jared Padalecki as Sam Winchester and Jensen Ackles as Dean Winchester. The show follows the two brothers (Sam and Dean) as they hunt demons and other figures of the paranormal, but not Bigfoot and aliens. The series is produced by the Warner Bros. Company with the help of Wonderland Sound and Vision. The current executive producers are Eric Kripke and McG, who also directs, and Robert Singer. The fourth producer, Kim Manners died of cancer in the production of the fourth season.


title: Cosimo III de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany

paragraphs: Cosimo III de' Medici (14 August 1642 – 31 October 1723) was the penultimate Grand Duke of Tuscany. He reigned from 1670 to 1723, and was the elder son of Grand Duke Ferdinando II of Tuscany. Cosimo's fifty long reign, the longest in Tuscan history, was marked by a series of regulatory laws. His reign also saw Tuscany's bad finances become even worse. He was succeeded by his elder surviving son, Gian Gastone de' Medici, when he died, in 1723.

paragraphs: He married Marguerite Louise d'Orléans, a cousin of Louis XIV. It was a bad marriage and Marguerite Louise eventually left Tuscany to remain at the Convent of Montmartre in Paris. Together, they had 3 children. In later life, he tried to have Anna Maria Luisa recognised as heiress of Tuscany, but Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor, would not allow it. Tuscany passed it to the House of Lorraine in 1737.

paragraphs: Cosimo III had three children with Marguerite Louise d'Orléans, a granddaughter of Henry IV of France:

paragraphs: Cosimo III's official style was "Cosimo the Third, By the Grace of God, Grand Duke of Tuscany."


title: Gian Gastone de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany

paragraphs: Gian Gastone de' Medici (24 May 1671 – 9 July 1737) was the last Medici Grand Duke of Tuscany. He was the second son of Cosimo III de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany, and Marguerite Louise d'Orléans. His sister, Anna Maria Luisa de' Medici, the Electress Palatine, married him to Anna Maria Franziska of Saxe-Lauenburg in 1697. The two remained childless and it was common knowledge that Gian Gastone was homosexual. Gian Gastone succeeded his father as Grand Duke in 1723.

paragraphs: In his reign he reversed all his father's laws and stopped taxes for poorer people, repealed (got rid of) the anti-Jewish laws and stopped public executions. His father, Cosimo III, wanted the his sister to succeed him but Spain, Great Britain, Austria and the Dutch Republic disregarded and made Charles III of Spain his heir. Charles changed his claim to Francis III of Lorraine. Francis then became the Grand Duke on 9 July 1737 ending almost 300 years of Medici rule over Florence.


title: Marguerite Louise d'Orléans

paragraphs: Marguerite Louise d'Orléans (28 July 1645 – 17 September 1721) was Grand Duchess of Tuscany, as the wife of Grand Duke Cosimo III de' Medici. Deprived of her lover, Charles V of Lorraine, Marguerite Louise despised her husband and his family, whom she often quarrelled with and falsely suspected of attempting to poison her. Marguerite Louise reconciled with the Medici on more than one occasion, however, only to promptly resume hostilities.

paragraphs: Having become Grand Duke of Tuscany upon his father's death, in 1670, Cosimo III, under the sway of his mother, Vittoria della Rovere, refused to grant Marguerite Louise entry to the Privy Council. Thus without political influence, Marguerite Louise sorted the education of her eldest son, Grand Prince Ferdinando. Two more children followed: Anna Maria Luisa, Electress Palatine, and Gian Gastone, the last Medici Grand Duke of Tuscany.

paragraphs: In June 1675, Marguerite Louise was allowed to return to France to live in a convent in Paris. She was a daughter of Gaston de France, Duke of Orléans. Although the contract, banned her from leaving the convent, Marguerite Louise often went to her cousin Louis XIV's court at Versailles. She was at the centre of many scandals at the convent, including an attempt to burn it down, which greatly irritated her husband, who, despite the separation, took great interest in Marguerite Louise's life. While still technically married, Marguerite Louise had several affairs.


title: Anna Maria Luisa de' Medici

paragraphs: Anna Maria Luisa de' Medici (11 August 1667 – 18 February 1743) was the last of the House of Medici. A patron of the arts, she gave the Medici's large art collection (including the contents of the Uffizi, Palazzo Pitti and Medici villas) which she inherited upon her brother Gian Gastone’s death in 1737, and her Palatine treasures to the Tuscan state, on the condition that none of it be removed.

paragraphs: Anna Maria Luisa was the only daughter of Cosimo III de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany, and Marguerite Louise d'Orléans, a niece of Louis XIII of France. On her marriage to Elector Johann Wilhelm II, she became Electress Palatine, and, patronised a lot of musicians. As Johann Wilhelm had syphilis, the union with Anna Maria Luisa produced no children. In 1713 Cosimo III altered the Tuscan laws of succession to allow the accession of his daughter, and spent his final years canvassing the European powers to agree to recognise this statute. However, in 1735, as part of a territorial arrangement, the European powers appointed Francis Stephen of Lorraine as heir, and he duly ascended the Tuscan throne in her stead. After the death of Johann Wilhelm, Anna Maria Luisa returned to Florence, where she enjoyed the rank of first lady until the accession of her brother Gian Gastone de' Medici, who banished her to the Villa La Quiete.

paragraphs: When Gian Gastone died in 1737, Francis Stephen's envoy offered Anna Maria Luisa the position of regent of Tuscany but she declined. Her death, in 1743, brought the House of Medici to an end.


title: Ferdinando II de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany

paragraphs: Ferdinando II de' Medici (14 July 1610 – 23 May 1670) was Grand Duke of Tuscany from 1621 to 1670. He was the eldest child of Cosimo II de' Medici and Maria Maddalena of Austria. His 49-year rule saw the Medici Bank fail.

paragraphs: He married Vittoria della Rovere, with whom he had two children: Cosimo III de' Medici, his eventual successor, and Francesco Maria de' Medici, a Prince of the Church.


title: Political parties in the United States

paragraphs: In the United States, there has usually only been two main political parties. Since the 1860s, these two main parties have been the Republican Party and the Democratic Party. The Democratic Party has the most seats in the House of Representatives while the Republicans hold a majority in the United States Senate.

paragraphs: The three largest parties aside from the two main political parties are the Libertarian Party, Green Party of the United States, and the Constitution Party in respective order.

paragraphs: The United States has only two major political parties: the Democrats and the Republicans. There are also smaller parties that aren’t as well known. These parties have a duopoly, meaning that they share almost all the political power in the country. Most constitutional republic countries have more than two parties.

paragraphs: The Democratic Party was started in 1828 as a pro-slavery party and its President was Andrew Jackson in 1829. However, through the economic resurgence after the Great Depression in the 1930s and 1940s, as well as the Civil Rights Movement in the 1960s, the Democratic party became a proponent of racial equality. Many 20th century United States Presidents such as Woodrow Wilson, Franklin D. Roosevelt, Harry S. Truman, John F. Kennedy, Lyndon Johnson, Jimmy Carter, Bill Clinton and the most recent past President Barack Obama are Democrats. They have 45 out of 100 seats in the U.S. Senate (independents caucusing with the democratic party hold two seats in the U.S. senate) and 233 out of 435 seats in the House of Representatives. 24 out of 50 state governors are also Democrats. The party generally promotes liberalism and is often classed as a left-wing party. Currently, the party has 60 million registered voters across America.

paragraphs: The party's philosophy of modern liberalism advocates social and economic equality. It seeks to provide government intervention and regulation in the economy. These interventions, such as the introduction of social programs, support for labor unions, affordable college tuitions, moves toward universal health care and equal opportunity, consumer protection and environmental protection form the core of the party's economic policy.

paragraphs: The Republican Party was started in 1854 as an anti-slavery party and its first President was Abraham Lincoln in 1861. Others include Ulysses S. Grant, Benjamin Harrison, Theodore Roosevelt, Dwight D. Eisenhower, Richard Nixon, Ronald Reagan, George H.W. Bush, George W. Bush and Donald Trump. In the Nixon years, there was a shift to appeal to the implicit racial biases of white voters that did not like the civil rights movement of the 1960's in what is called The Southern Strategy. This strategy created the appearance of equity while harming minorities in the process. Twenty-six out of 50 states have a Republican governor. It has around 55 million registered voters across America. Currently, the Republican Party is identified as conservative.

paragraphs: The party philosophy centers around social and economic independence, and a capitalist economic system. It is also known for its anti-abortion efforts, anti-regulatory policy, and reduction of government intervention in the economy as well as being in support of privatized health care.

paragraphs: There are several minor parties in the United States. predicts that this two-party government is normal for single-district, first-past-the-post voting systems. In contrast, proportional representation and voting methods such as tend to produce multiparty government.


title: PQ: Practical Intelligence Quotient

paragraphs: PQ, meaning "Practical Intelligence Quotient", or "Intelligent License" in Japan, is a video game that measures your intelligence through 3-D puzzles involving everyday objects. The player tries to reach the pillar of light at the end of the level while avoiding obstacles and traps.

paragraphs: A game has 10 stages, which have 10 levels each. The light at the end of a level is your destination. Obstacles and traps try to fail you your way to the goal at the same time.

paragraphs: In the game, the player can practice their skills in the levels with no worries about time.

paragraphs: Five basic steps to help you play the game.

paragraphs: The game received fairly good reviews from critics. For example the game was given a 69 on Metacritic and a 7.4/10 on Gamespot, as well as a 71% on GameRankings Aggregation.

paragraphs: A sequel was released for the game in 2007. It was or Intelligent License 2 and worked pretty much the same, but had a puzzle creator.


title: St. Anne's Catholic Secondary School

paragraphs: St. Anne's Catholic Secondary School is a Catholic high school in Clinton, Ontario, Canada. It is known for it's sports teams and good marks. It serves students from grades nine to twelve. The motto of St. Anne's is "in alis aquilae" which is Latin for "on eagle's wings". This motto comes from the Bible (the Book of Isaiah, Chapter 40).

paragraphs: St. Anne's was built in the town of Clinton, Ontario. When the school opened only 139 students went there. The students came from Huron County. In 2009, 600 people went there. The school was built to provide a French and faith-based education. St. Anne's is the only French-Immersion Catholic school in the county.

paragraphs: The school board is the Huron-Perth Catholic District School Board (HPCDSB).

paragraphs: St. Anne's is a uniform school, the only in the region and school board. The uniform consists of what a teen would normally wear, however the clothes are either plaid, navy, burgundy, kaki or white.

paragraphs: St. Anne's is a Catholic school. Most students are Roman Catholics, however students of other religions are allowed and welcome in the school. All students must take a religion course each school year. To graduate, students need four religion credits. This course is offered in French Immersion.

paragraphs: St. Anne's has many sports teams and clubs. The most popular team are the boy's rugby and hockey teams. Girls' teams consists of the popular field hockey and rugby teams.

paragraphs: St. Anne's has numerous clubs and groups. They include:

paragraphs: St. Anne's also has a Student Cabinet. Elections are held in the spring. Student Cabinet is in charge projects like dances and fundraisers. Each member of Student Cabinet has their own job relating to their elected position.


title: Political parties in Italy

paragraphs: In Italy, there is a multi-party system. This means that it is unlikely for any one party to gain a majority in the Italian parliament and so coalitions between several parties must be formed.

paragraphs: Major parties are parties with representation in the Italian parliament.

paragraphs: The People of Freedom ("Il Popolo della Libertà") - A centre-right party that promotes liberal conservatism, Christian democracy and liberalism. It's leader Silvio Berlusconi is the Italian Prime Minister.

paragraphs: Democratic Party ("Partito Democratico") - A centre-left party that promotes social democracy.

paragraphs: Northern League ("Lega Nord") - A federalist party which wants to make the region of Italy called Padania an independent country.

paragraphs: Future and Freedom ("Futuro e Libertà") - A centre-right party which promotes liberal conservatism and national conservatism.

paragraphs: Italy of Values ("Italia dei Valori") - A centrist party which promotes populism and anti-corruption.

paragraphs: Union of Christian and Centre Democrats - A centrist party which promotes Christian democracy and social conservatism.

paragraphs: Having a minor representation in elective bodies with less than 4% of the vote in the 2008 general election:


title: Henriette Adelaide of Savoy

paragraphs: Henriette Adelaide of Savoy (6 November 1636 - 13 June 1676) was the wife of the Elector of Bavaria Ferdinand Maria. She had much influence and with her husband did much to improve the Electorate of Bavaria, her adopted country. She was a daughter of Victor Amadeus I, Duke of Savoy.

paragraphs: She was the older of twins. Her twin sister was Catherine Beatrice of Savoy. Her mother was Christine of France, daughter of Henry IV of France and Marie de' Medici. Christine was regent for her brother Charles Emmanuel II.

paragraphs: On 8 December 1650 she married Ferdinand Maria, future Elector of Bavaria. The next year Ferdinand Maria became Elector, when his father Maximilian died. Henriette Adelaide had a lot of influence on Bavarian politics, in favor of France. This led to her eldest daughter marrying the Grand Dauphin in 1680. She also had a great part in the building of Nymphenburg Palace and the Theatinerkirche.


title: Mariana Victoria of Spain

paragraphs: Mariana Victoria of Spain (31 March 1718 – 15 January 1781) sometimes Maria Anna Victoria was an "Infanta of Spain" by birth and was later the Queen of Portugal as wife of King Joseph I. The eldest daughter of Philip V of Spain and Elisabeth Farnese. Under the influence of the Duke of Bourbon she was engaged to the young Louis XV of France at the age of seven. Rejected due to her age, the marriage never took place and she was sent back to Spain. In 1729 she was married to the son of John V of Portugal. Her husband became the King on 31 July 1750. The mother of Maria I of Portugal she also acted as regent of Portugal during the last months of her husbands life and acted as advisor to her daughter in her reign.

paragraphs: Under the influence of the Duke of Bourbon she was engaged to the young King Louis XV of France at the age of seven when she moved to the Palace of Versailles and was placed in the care of the Dowager Princess of Conti. Eventually due to her age she was unable to have children and was sent back to Spain in 1729. This caused a rift between the royal courts of Spain and France.


title: Maria Teresa Rafaela of Spain

paragraphs: "Maria Teresa" Rafaela of Spain ("María Teresa Antonia Rafaela"; 11 June 1726 – 22 July 1746) was an "Infanta of Spain" by birth and was later the wife of Louis of France, Dauphin of France, son of King Louis XV. She died during childbirth aged 20, She gave birth to a daughter who died at two years of age leaving the Dauphine with no surviving descendants. She used the names ""Marie Thérèse"" ("see right")

paragraphs: She was the second daughter of Philip V of Spain and Elisabeth Farnese. Baptised with the names María Teresa Antonia Rafaela, she was known as "María Teresa". She was engaged to Louis Ferdinand, Dauphin of France, son of Louis XV of France. The official marriage took place at the Palace of Versailles on 23 February 1745. The marriage was an idea to try and better relations between France and Spain after Louis XV had not married Mariana Victoria of Spain, María Teresa Rafaela's older sister.

paragraphs: On 19 July 1746, "Marie Thérèse Raphaëlle" (as she was known in France) gave birth to a daughter before dying herself on 22 July at Versailles. The child died in 1748. Her husband married again to Princess Maria Josepha of Saxony and was the mother of Louis XVI of France. She was buried at the Royal Basilica of Saint Denis outside Paris.


title: Maria Antonia of Spain

paragraphs: Maria Antonia of Spain (María Antonia Fernanda; 17 November 1729 – 19 September 1785) was an Infanta of Spain and the youngest daughter of Philip V of Spain and Elisabeth Farnese. She was the wife of Victor Amadeus III of Sardinia whom she married in 1750. She was the mother of the last three mainline Kings of Sardinia. In Italy she is known as Maria Antonietta but sometimes known "incorrectly" as Maria Ferdinanda. Her name was Maria Antonia Fernanda.

paragraphs: She married the future Victor Amadeus III officially on 31 May 1750. The couple were very happy and had 12 children.


title: Cleisthenes

paragraphs: Cleisthenes was a noble Athenian of the Alcmaeonid family. He reformed the constitution of Athens, and set it on a democratic footing in 508/7 BC. For these accomplishments, historians refer to him as "the father of Athenian democracy". He also increased the power of the Assembly, and he broke up power of the Athenian nobility.

paragraphs: With help from the his clan, he overthrew Hippias the tyrant (dictatorial ruler). After the collapse of Hippias' tyranny, Isagoras and Cleisthenes were rivals for power. Isagoras won the upper hand by appealing to the Spartan king Cleomenes I to help him expel Cleisthenes.

paragraphs: So Cleisthenes left Athens as an exile, and Isagoras held power in the city. Isagoras uprooted hundreds of people from their homes on the pretext that they were cursed, and attempted to dissolve the Council (βουλή, boulé). However, the Council resisted, and the Athenian people declared their support of it. Hence Isagoras and his supporters were forced to flee to the Acropolis, remaining besieged there for two days. On the third, they fled and were banished. Cleisthenes was subsequently recalled, along with hundreds of exiles, and he assumed leadership of Athens.


title: Death (personification)

paragraphs: Death is a personificated creature that exists in a lot of societies all over history. In English Death is usually given the name Grim Reaper and from the 15th century to now, the Grim Reaper is shown as a human skeleton holding a scythe and clothed with a black cloak with a hood. It is also given the same of Angel of Death (, Mal'ach Ha'Mavett), that appeared in the Bible.

paragraphs: In some beliefs, the Grim Reaper can cause the death of the victim, that created legends that he can be bribed, tricked and make deals to keep the life of someone. In other beliefs, the Grim Reaper guides the dead to the next world, without the knowing of the dead about his death.

paragraphs: In Ancient Greek, the Greeks saw death as good. He is often shown as a bearded, winged man or a young, winged, boy. Death, or Thanatos, is the opposite of Life. Death is represented as a male, and life as a female. He is the twin brother of Hypnos, the god of Sleep.He is discripted as gentle, he escorts the dead to the Underworld, Hades.Then he hands the dead to Charon, who mans a boat that carries the dead to the underworld, through the river Styx. Thanatos' sisters, Keres, were the spirits of violent death, they were connected with deaths from battle, disease, accident, and murder. They were portrayed as evil, they were feeding on the body of the dead, after the soul was escorted to the Hades. They had fangs, talons, and would be dressed in bloody jewels.

paragraphs: In Ancient Roman mythology, Death was known as "Mors", of which was the Roman equivalent of the Greek god Thanatos and the Hindu goddess Mara. Though the Latin noun for "death", "mors", is of feminine gender, the surviving ancient Roman art is not known to depict Death as a woman.

paragraphs: The Welsh portrayed death as Angeu, and for the Bretons it was Ankou, they were the same one. He appeared as a man with a black robe, sometimes carrying a scythe, riding a cart which he collected the dead on it.

paragraphs: In Scottish folklore there was a belief that a mystic black, dark green or white dog known as "Cù Sìth" took dying souls to the afterlife. Comparable figures also exist in Irish and Welsh stories.

paragraphs: In Poland, Death, or "Śmierć", has an appearance that is similar to the our modern Grim Reaper, but instead of a black robe, he wears a White robe.

paragraphs: Lithuanians call death "Giltinė", from the word "gelti"(to sting). Giltinė was shown as an old, ugly, woman with a long blue nose and a poisonous tongue. The legend tells that Giltinė was young, pretty and communicative until she was trapped in a coffin for seven years. The goddess of death was a sister of the goddess of life and destiny, "Laima", symbolizing the relationship between beginning and end.

paragraphs: After it, the Lituanians adopted the classical Grim Reaper with the black cloak and the scythe.

paragraphs: In Hindu texts, the lord of death is called Yama. Yama rides a black buffalo and carries a rope to take the dead to his prison. There are many form of Reapers, they are his agents. They are called "Yamaduts". There, all the man good and bad are stored in an kind of archive. Then Yama take the records out and decides where the soul will be set in the next life, according to the Reincarnation of Hinduism. Yama is also mentioned in the Mahabharata as a philosopher and a devotee of Brahman.

paragraphs: In the Kojiki, after giving birth to the fire god, "Kagu-tsuchi", Izanami dies from wounds of its fire and enters the perpetual night realm called Yomi-no-kuni (the underworld) that the gods retire to and where Izanagi, her husband, travels to in a failed attempt to reclaim her. He discovers his wife as not-so beautiful anymore, and, in a brief argument afterwards between them, she promises to take a thousand lives every day, signifying her position as the goddess of death.

paragraphs: There are also death gods called "shinigami" (死神, "death gods", "death spirits"), which are closer to the Western tradition of the Grim Reaper; while common in modern Japanese arts and fiction, they were essentially absent in traditional mythology.

paragraphs: Memitim is a type of angel from the Bible that is connected to the death of the humans. The words is from the Hebrew language ממיתים (English:Killers). They are mentioned to kill the people that their guardian angel no longer protects them. There is some debate about the nature of the Memitim among biblical scholars, but it is accepted that, as described in the Book of Job 33:22, they are killers of some kind.

paragraphs: According to the Midrash, the Angel of Death was created by God in the first day of the creation. His house is in Heaven.He has twelve wings."Over all people have I surrendered thee the power," said God to the Angel of Death, "only not over this one which has received freedom from death through the Law".It said that the angel of death is full of eyes. In the time of the death, he stands over the dying one, and waiting for the man to see him. When the dying finally sees him, he drops a gall to the dying's mouth and that is what kills him finally The expression "to taste of death" originated in the idea that death was caused by a drop of gall.

paragraphs: The Angel of Death, who is identified by some with Satan, right after the creation has a dispute with God about the light of the Messiah. When Eve touched the tree of knowledg, the Angel of Death talked to her, and she thought:"Now I shall die, and God will create another wife for Adam". Adam also talked to the Angel of Death. The Angel of Death sits before the face of the dead. While Abraham was mourning, for Sarah the angel appeared to him, which explains why "Abraham stood up from before his death". Samael told Sarah that Abraham had sacrificed Isaac in spite of his wailing, and Sarah died of horror and grief.It was Moses who most often had dealings with the angel. At the resistance of Korah, Moses saw him.

paragraphs: In the Christianity, first there was no creature to death, because God resurrected Jesus and can kill people. Then the author of the Epistle to the Hebrews declared that Satan has the power to control death. One of them believed that The son, with his death, killed Satan, and by his resurrection he brought Satan back to life.

paragraphs: It is also believed that the first head of the Beast in the Book of Revelation is the resurrecting of Satan.

paragraphs: In Islam there is the Angel of Death, that is more known with the name of Archangel of Death, of which his name is Azrael. In the Qur'an, he is not mentioned by his name but in the name of "Mal'akkh al Mut" (Arabic: ملاك الموت, "Angel of Death"). He is also descripted in old Hebrew texts as Azrael, the Angel of Death. He is also mentioned in early Christian texts also as Azrael.


title: Menzies Campbell

paragraphs: Walter Menzies "Ming" Campbell, Baron Campbell of Pittenweem (born 22 May 1941 in Glasgow, Scotland) is a British politician and retired sprinter. He was the leader of the Liberal Democrats from March 2006 to October 2007. He is the Member of Parliament (MP) for the constituency of North East Fife and the Chancellor of the University of St Andrews.

paragraphs: Between 1967 and 1974, Menzies Campbell held the British record for the 100 metres sprint as he was able to do it in 10.2 seconds. He was also the captain of the Great Britain athletics team between 1965 and 1966. In 1975, Campbell became the Chairman of the Scottish Liberals and was elected as an MP at the 1987 General Election. He became the Liberal Democrat's chief spokesperson on foreign affairs and defence in 1992 and became the Liberal Democrat's deputy leader in 2003. He was elected leader of the Liberal Democrats in March 2006 but had to resign in October 2007 and was replaced by Nick Clegg.

paragraphs: Campbell married Elspeth, Lady Grant-Suttie, daughter of Major General Roy Urquhart, in June 1970. The couple have no children. Lady Campbell has a child from her previous marriage.


title: Monocalcium phosphate

paragraphs: Monocalcium phosphate is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is Ca(HPO). It contains phosphate, calcium, and hydrogen ions.

paragraphs: Monocalcium phosphate is a colorless solid. It dissolves a little in water to make an acidic solution. It is made by replacing one of the hydrogen ions in phosphoric acid with a calcium ion.

paragraphs: It is made by reacting calcium phosphate rock with sulfuric acid. This makes monocalcium phosphate.

paragraphs: It is used in baking powder. When it is dissolved in water, it makes an acidic solution which reacts with the sodium bicarbonate to make carbon dioxide. The carbon dioxide makes it rise. It is also used in fertilizers.


title: Dicalcium phosphate

paragraphs: Dicalcium phosphate is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is CaHPO. It contains calcium, hydrogen, and phosphate ions.

paragraphs: Dicalcium phosphate is a white solid. It does not dissolve in water. It can be thought of as phosphoric acid where two of the hydrogen ions are replaced with calcium ions.

paragraphs: It can be made by reacting phosphoric acid with calcium hydroxide. It can also be made by reacting sulfuric acid with a certain amount of tricalcium phosphate.

paragraphs: It is used in fertilizers. It is also used in vitamin tablets. It is used to make sure chickens get calcium.


title: Toonzai

paragraphs: Toonzai was a group of cartoons broadcast on Saturday morning on The CW. It was first broadcast on August 14, 2010. It used to be named The CW4Kids. The programs were broadcast on weekday afternoons.

paragraphs: The block is programmed by 4Kids Entertainment. They also programmed the 4Kids TV on Fox until December 2008. 4Kids also indicated that it will retain "Yu-Gi-Oh!" and "Sonic X" in its lineup, along with adding "Dragon Ball Z Kai", a redone version of "Dragon Ball Z" from Funimation Entertainment that is shared with Nicktoons.

paragraphs: In most markets, most affiliates use the network's current Saturday morning schedule. Some, such as Atlanta's WUPA-TV broadcast the block on Sundays. This is usually done because the stations were at one time UPN affiliates and UPN did not have children's television programming on Saturday mornings. Former WB affiliate WCCT-TV in Hartford airs the first three hours of the block on Saturday mornings and the last two hours on Sunday mornings to make room for their own programing.

paragraphs: KMYS in San Antonio, currently the newest CW affiliate has decided to air the block during early Sunday morning and early Monday morning (split into a two-hour and three-hour block) airing before 5am due to its previous commitment of airing Fox's "Weekend Marketplace" infomercial block on Saturday mornings (a holdover from its MyNetworkTV affiliation), along with already existing religious and paid programming on Sunday mornings; this by default will force most younger viewers of the block in that market to record it overnight for later viewing.

paragraphs: All times Pacific. Actual times may vary, depending on affiliate.


title: John Smith (Labour Party leader)

paragraphs: John Smith (13 September 1938 – 12 May 1994) was a British politician who was the leader of the Labour Party from July 1992 until his death from a heart attack.

paragraphs: John Smith was born in the Scottish town of Dalmally in Argyll and Bute. He became a Labour Party Member of Parliament (MP) at the 1970 General Election for the constituency of North Lanarkshire (Monklands East from 1983). In 1978, he was given a cabinet post however lost this after Labour's defeat at the 1979 General Election. He continued in the shadow cabinet until 1992, when Labour leader Neil Kinnock resigned and Smith was elected leader. During Smith's time as leader, opinion polls showed that Labour were becoming more likely to win an election than the Conservatives.

paragraphs: On 12 May 1994 in London, Smith died of a heart attack and was buried on the Scottish isle of Iona. Tony Blair replaced Smith as Labour leader on 21 July 1994.


title: Serie C

paragraphs: Serie C is the third highest division of Football in Italy after the Serie A and Serie B. It has its headquarters in Florence. In the past, it also had a club from San Marino in it. The league in the past was divided as Lega Pro Prima Divisione and Lega Pro Seconda Divisione. However, it was now combined as only one division: Serie C, in 2017. It was originally founded as the Serie C in 1935, rebranded in 2014 to Lega Pro, and then rebranded again to Serie C in 2017.

paragraphs: In May 2017, the Lega Pro assembly approved the return of the old name to Serie C.


title: Stopping power

paragraphs: Stopping power is a way to measure how powerful a firearm is. Stopping power is a measure of how quickly the gun kills an animal, for instance. Many large animals are not killed after being shot with an ordinary gun and can do damage before they die. Elephant guns, which have much more stopping power, are used to kill the large animal quickly.


title: TERGV

paragraphs: The TERGV (for "Regional Express Train on high-speed line") is a model to run trains in Nord-Pas-de-Calais. The idea is to run regional trains on lines constructed for "express trains", instead of the "classic lines". This works only in the case that the high-speed line is used only rarely. Running regional trains on such lines slows down the express trains, and costs more than running them on the classic lines. Despite these problems, the concept is very promising for distances between 100 and 200 km.

paragraphs: There are currently two lines that operate in this manner:

paragraphs: To use these connections, an extra fee must be paid, which is three euros, per day. Another line, Lille to Arras has been opened. This line does not require the extra fee, and has proved very successful.


title: Blake Clark

paragraphs: Blake Clark (born February 2, 1946) is an American stand-up comedian and actor whose trademark is a raspy voice similar to Jim Varney.

paragraphs: He is perhaps best known as Farmer Fran in "The Waterboy". His other known role is as the voice of Slinky Dog in "Toy Story 3", replacing Varney who died in 2000 (and, according to John Lasseter, Clark sounds an "awful lot like him"). It was revealed that Clark and Varney had known each other for a long time.

paragraphs: Clark is also a prolific actor, frequently cast in Adam Sandler movies.

paragraphs: Clark was born in Macon, Georgia. He graduated from LaGrange College in 1969 with a degree in the performing arts.

paragraphs: A decorated Infantry Platoon Leader in the Vietnam War, Clark brought the plight of the Vietnam Veteran to the people of America in a humorous way in the 80's and was adopted by numerous Veteran Organizations throughout the United States. His personal quote is "I was born and raised in Georgia and fought in Vietnam. It was like being punished for the same thing twice. In fact, I used to have flashbacks "in" Vietnam."

paragraphs: Having moved from his home state of Georgia to Hollywood, Clark soon landed his first "Tonight Show with Johnny Carson" and soon thereafter, was cast in his first of many recurring roles on Television as Fred the Chauffeur on "Remington Steele". Since then, he has been Harry, Tim Taylor's friend on "Home Improvement"; Jules, the next-door neighbor on "The Drew Carey Show"; Chet Hunter, Sean's father on "Boy Meets World", and Bob the womanizing boss on "The Jamie Foxx Show". And he recently received critical acclaim as Drew Barrymore's father in the hit movie, "50 First Dates". He also acted as an umpire in the 2006 movie "The Benchwarmers". He even came out in the 2008 movie "Get Smart", starring Steve Carell and Anne Hathaway.

paragraphs: Clark has traveled the world doing comedy and recently went to Iraq for an extended USO Tour with Drew Carey. He is a warm, intelligent, funny, and innovative social commentator with a quiet patriotism that he lives as well as portrays. His comedy runs the gamut from observation on the current military conflict to his Southern root in Georgia. He is a man of all seasons.

paragraphs: He has also made special appearances in "Politically Incorrect, Memorial Day, 2001", "Redneck Comedy Roundup", "Redneck Comedy Roundup 2", "Campus Movie Network", "Mancow's Morning Madhouse", "Waste Watch Journal", and others as well.

paragraphs: Clark is a single father with one adopted son; Travis Clark, who is also a comedian.


title: Planet of the Apes (1968 movie)

paragraphs: Planet of the Apes is an American science fiction movie released in 1968 and directed by Franklin J. Schaffner. It was based on the novel "La planète des singes" written by Pierre Boulle and released in 1963. The movie stars Charlton Heston and features Roddy McDowall, Kim Hunter, Maurice Evans, James Whitmore, James Daly and Linda Harrison. It was released by 20th Century Fox.

paragraphs: The film's story is about an astronaut crew who leave Earth on a deep space mission and crash land on a supposedly alien planet in the 40th century. Ony three out of the four crew members survive the crash and the survivors find the world to be home to a society of apes; including chimpanzees, gorillas and orangutans. These apes have the intelligence of human beings as well as the ability to speak and walk upright like humans. Humans in this society are treated like slaves and live in the wilderness without the ability to speak. At the end of the movie, one of the crew members finds the Statue of Liberty and realizes they were on Earth all along.

paragraphs: Planet of the Apes was a box office success, meaning it earned a good amount of money and got highly favourable reviews from critics. The movie was given praise for exploring ideas such as class differences, religion, slavery, racism and nuclear technology. It was followed by four sequels: "Beneath the Planet of the Apes" (1970), "Escape from the Planet of the Apes" (1971), "Conquest of the Planet of the Apes" (1972) and "Battle for the Planet of the Apes" (1973). A live action television show was shown in 1974 and an animated television show called "Return to the Planet of the Apes" came out in 1975. In the animated cartoon The Fairly Oddparents episode Abra-Catastrophe has a segment where humans are slave cavemen and the apes are their overlords!

paragraphs: In 2001, a remake of the movie was made directed by Tim Burton and starred Mark Wahlberg, Helena Bonham Carter and Tim Roth. In August 2011, the series was rebooted with "Rise of the Planet of the Apes. This was followed in 2014 with Dawn of the Planet of the Apes with a 2017 sequel released "War of the Planet of the Apes.


title: Small business

paragraphs: A small business, sometimes called a mom and pop store by some in the United States, is a business that is privately owned and operated. They have a small number of employees and do not sell many things. Whether or not the law says that a business is "small" is different in different countries and industries.

paragraphs: Small businesses are common in many countries. Some examples include: convenience stores, other small shops (such as a bakery), hairdressers, tradesmen, lawyers, accountants, restaurants, guest houses, photographers, small-scale manufacturing, and online business, such as web design and programming.

paragraphs: A small business can be started at a very low cost. It also does not need to be open all the time.

paragraphs: Independence is another good thing about owning a small business. Being able to operate by themselves is a good thing for small business owners. Small business owners can make their own decisions about what they want to do with their company. However, entrepreneurs often must work very long hours and understand that their customers are their bosses.

paragraphs: Many organizations in the United States also give help to small businesses, such as the Internal Revenue Service's Small Business and Self-Employed One-Stop Resource.

paragraphs: Small businesses often face a lot of problems because of their size.

paragraphs: In the United States, some of the largest concerns of small business owners are insurance costs, high energy costs and taxes.

paragraphs: Another problem for several small businesses is the fact that much larger businesses can influence their chances for success.


title: Hydration

paragraphs: Hydration is the adding of water molecules to a chemical substance. The anhydrous (without water) form and the hydrated (with water) form can be quite different. The hydrated form is called a "hydrate". For example, anhydrous tin(IV) chloride is a liquid, while the pentahydrate (with 5 water molecules) is a solid. Anhydrous copper sulfate is white or light green, while the hydrated form is blue. Anhydrous cobalt(II) chloride is blue, while the hydrated form is red. Anhydrous copper(II) chloride is brown, while the dihydrate is green.

paragraphs: The number of water molecules for each atom is given by a prefix. Mono- means 1, di- means 2, tri- means 3, tetra- means 4, penta- means 5, hexa- means 6, hepta- means 7, octo- means 8, nona- means 9, deca- means 10.


title: Pocket Ref

paragraphs: Pocket Ref is a small book that contains various information including tips, tables, maps, science facts, weather information, and so on. It is in a small shape that is made to fit in a pocket. It is written by Thomas J. Glover and published by Sequoia Publishing, Inc.


title: Rival Lovers

paragraphs: Rival Lovers is a dialogue that was thought to have been written by Plato. In Rival Lovers, Socrates is the main character who asks questions.


title: Art movement

paragraphs: An art movement, or "ism", is a style in art. It may have a common philosophy, followed by a group of artists. It may be a label given by a critic to describe a type of artwork. It is typical of the post-photography era that art explores new directions.

paragraphs: Some art movements can be pinned down to a time and place, or to particular artists. Verbal explanation of movements may come from the artists themselves, sometimes in the form of an art manifesto (published statement). Quite often, a movement is labelled afterwards by some art historian or critic.

paragraphs: Art movements may be connected to similar ideas in architecture, literature, philosophy or even politics. In rough date order:


title: Stratford

paragraphs: Stratford is an inner-city area of east London which hosted the 2012 London Olympics. Stratford is in the London Borough of Newham.


title: Leah

paragraphs: The name Leah has biblical roots, and means "wild cow" in Hebrew.

paragraphs: In Genesis, the first book of the Bible, Leah is the older sister of Rachel. Leah marries Jacob and becomes the mother of six sons: Reuben, Simeon, Levi, Judah, Issachar, Zebulun, and a daughter, Dinah.


title: Conceptual art

paragraphs: Conceptual art is art in which the concepts or ideas involved in the work are more important than traditional aesthetic and material concerns. Many of the works, sometimes called installations, may be constructed by anyone simply by following a set of written instructions. This method was fundamental to one of the first to appear in print:

paragraphs: Conceptual art even questions the nature of art. Joseph Kosuth elevated this into a definition of art itself in his early manifesto of conceptual art.

paragraphs: The notion that art should examine its own nature was already part of art critic Clement Greenberg's vision of modern art during the 1950s. With the emergence of an exclusively language-based art in the 1960s, however, conceptual artists began a far more radical analysis of art than was previously done. One of the first things they questioned was the assumption that the role of the artist was to create special kinds of material objects.

paragraphs: Conceptual art has come to mean all contemporary art which does not use the traditional skills of painting and sculpture.


title: Kashmiri people

paragraphs: The Kashmiri people are a Dardic ethnic group living in the central valley of Kashmir in the disputed state of Jammu and Kashmir. They speak the Kashmiri language. Kashmiri is an Indo-Aryan language. The Kashmiris are also known as Koshur.

paragraphs: There are about 7.1 million people speaking the Kashmiri language. About 6.7 million of them live in Jammu and Kashmir, and about 350,000 in Azad Kashmir and the Federally Administered Northern Areas (FANA) in Pakistan. Although all residents of Azad Kashmir call themselves 'Kashmiri', most residents of Azad Kashmir are not ethnic Kashmiris.


title: Hastings

paragraphs: Hastings is a town on the coast of East Sussex in England and is the administrative center for the borough of the same name.

paragraphs: Hastings gives its name to the Battle of Hastings in 1066


title: Malvern College

paragraphs: Malvern College is a coeducational British public School, founded in 1865. It is in Malvern, Worcestershire.


paragraphs: UN peacekeeping missions involving Pakistan covers a long and cherished history of Pakistani involvement with the United Nations. Pakistan joined the United Nations on 30th September, 1947. Since 1960, Pakistan has been actively involved in most of the UN Peacekeeping missions and today stands at the top with 10,175 troops and observers serving in current missions. Some of the major contributions were in Somalia, Sierra Leone, Bosnia, Congo and Liberia.


title: Pakistan Army

paragraphs: The Pakistan Army () is the largest branch of the Pakistani military set up, and is mainly responsible for protection of the state borders, the security of administered territories and for defending the national interests of Pakistan within the framework of its international obligations.

paragraphs: The main fighting regiments of the Pakistan Army comprise the Infantry and the Armoured Corps. The main Infantry regiments of the army are:

paragraphs: The Pakistan Army, along with the Pakistan Navy and the Pakistan Air Force, combine to make the world's sixth largest military force.

paragraphs: The 6th of September every year, is celebrated as 'Defence of Pakistan Day', or 'Pakistan Army Day', in Pakistan.


title: Web of the City

paragraphs: Web of the City (first called Rumble) is the first book that was written by Harlan Ellison. The book follows the story of Rusty Santoro, a teenage member of the Cougars street gang in the 1950s Brooklyn, New York. In order to create the book, Ellison spent time in a real street gang in Brooklyn.


title: Pakistani military

paragraphs: The Pakistan Armed Forces () are the overall unified military forces of Pakistan. The Pakistani military was first formed when the nation achieved independence from the United Kingdom in 1947.

paragraphs: Approximately 620,000 people are on active duty in the military which is the world's 7th largest armed force as of 2007. Combined with the 302,000 strong Paramilitary forces and the Coast Guard, the Military of Pakistan has a total size of nearly 1,000,000 people.


title: Pakistan Navy

paragraphs: Pakistan Navy () is the naval branch of the military of Pakistan. It is responsible for Pakistan's coastline along the Arabian Sea and the defence of important harbours. It is a modern and highly dependable force that operates a wide range of ships ranging from cruisers to destroyers as well as submarines. Navy day is celebrated on September 8 in commemoration of the Indo-Pakistani War of 1965.


title: Spider Kiss

paragraphs: Spider Kiss (first called Rockabilly) is a 1961 book that was written by Harlan Ellison. The story follows the fast rise and fall of an early rock 'n' roll singer named Stag Preston.


title: Pakistan Air Force

paragraphs: Pakistan Air Force (, Pak Faza'ya) (PAF) is the Aviation branch of the Pakistan armed forces and is responsible for defending Pakistani air-space from intrusions. It also provides air support for ground troops. Every year on the 7th of September, the day after the annual celebration of the Pakistan Defense Day, the day is celebrated as the Air Force day in Pakistan. That day air shows and other programs mark the PAF's role in defending the nation.


title: The Vines

paragraphs: The Vines are an Australian garage rock band from Sydney, Australia, notable for creating a musical combination of '60s rock and '90s alternative music. They have won an ARIA in 2002 for Breakthrough Artist and received nominations for six other awards in the same amount of years.

paragraphs: They also appeared on the cover of Rolling Stone in October 2002 (the first Australian band to do so since Men At Work in 1983) with the words "Rock is Back: meet the Vines" boldly emblazed underneath.


title: The Libertines

paragraphs: The Libertines were an indie rock band from London, England. They were formed in 1997 and broke up in 2004. The Libertines released two albums. Their second album "The Libertines" went straight to number one in the UK. It is in the book "1001 Albums You Must Hear Before You Die". The first single from the album, "Can't Stand Me Now", reached number two in the UK Singles Chart.


title: The Hives

paragraphs: The Hives are a Swedish rock band that started in 1993 but rose to fame in the early 2000s as a leading group of the garage rock revival, playing garage punk. Their breakthrough came with the release of the "best-of" compilation "Your New Favourite Band", featuring their most commercially successful song "Hate to Say I Told You So".


title: Interpol (band)

paragraphs: Interpol is an alternative rock band from New York City. Popular songs include Evil, PDA and NYC. The band's current members are Paul Banks, Daniel Kessler, and Sam Fogarino. Bassist Carlos Dengler departed the band in 2010.

paragraphs: Paul Banks is the artist name used by the lead vocalist and one of the guitarists in the band Interpol. He is American but was born in Clacton-on-Sea, Essex, England. The family moved back to the USA, where his parents were from, when he was five. The family lived in Chicago, Illinois and Virginia Beach, Virginia. They also spent time in Europe and Tampico, Tamaulipas, Mexico before he attended college.

paragraphs: He uses an alias in Interpol and in his solo work to separate life from work. In addition to Interpol, he has released one album, "Julian Plenti Is... Skyscraper" in 2009 and one EP, "Julian Plenti Lives..." in 2012, using the name "Julian Plenti". He also released one album, "Banks," in 2012, as "Paul Banks". A mixtape entitled "Everybody on My Dick Like They Supposed to Be" was made available to download on Datpiff in 2012. The tape has contributions from El-P, High Prizm, Talib Kweli and Mike G.

paragraphs: Interpol formed in the 1997 at NYU and signed to Matador Records in 2002. Their first album, "Turn On The Bright Lights" was released on August 20, 2002, through Matador Records. Well known singles and music videos from this album this include "Obstacle 1", "PDA" and "NYC".

paragraphs: The band's second album, "Antics" was released September 28, 2004, also through Matador Records. Well known singles and music videos from this album include "Slow Hands", "Evil" and "C'mere". The "Evil" music video, directed by Charlie White is perhaps Interpol's best known. It shows a lifelike puppet surviving a car wreck. The meaning behind the song is much discussed, though Interpol have denied that it is about serial killers.

paragraphs: The band's third album, "Our Love To Admire" was released July 10, 2007 through Capitol Records. Well known singles and videos from this album include "The Heinrich Maneuver", "No I Threesome" and "Rest My Chemistry".

paragraphs: In July 2010, Interpol announced the departure of bassist Carlos Dengler. The fourth album, "Interpol", was released on September 7, 2010. Well known singles and videos from this album include "Barricade" and "Lights". The video for "Lights" was again directed by Charlie White.

paragraphs: The fifth album and most recent album, "El Pintor", was released on September 8, 2014. Well known singles and videos from this album include "All The Rage Back Home", "My Desire" and "Everything Is Wrong".


title: Editors

paragraphs: Editors are an indie rock band from England. They were formed in 2002. They were first called Pilot, then The Pride and also Snowfield. The band members are:

paragraphs: Editors have so far made two platinum albums, selling over two million copies around the world. Their first album, "The Back Room", came out in 2005. It had hit songs such as "Munich" and "Blood" and the following year was nominated for the Mercury Prize. Their next album "An End Has a Start" went to number one in the UK Album Chart in June 2007. It was nominated for a BRIT Award for best British Band. The second album also had a Top 10 hit single, "Smokers Outside the Hospital Doors".

paragraphs: After success in the charts, sold out tours and playing as the main act at many festivals, The Mail on Sunday newspaper said the Editors were the second biggest British band of the decade, after Arctic Monkeys. Their style of epic, sweeping, indie rock is often compared to the sound of bands such as Echo and the Bunnymen, Joy Division, Interpol and U2.


title: A Clash of Kings

paragraphs: A Clash of Kings is the second of seven planned books in "A Song of Ice and Fire", a fantasy series written by George R. R. Martin. It was first released on 16 November 1998 in the United Kingdom, but the first United States edition did not come out until March 1999. It won the Locus Award in 1999 for Best Novel and was nominated for the Nebula Award in 2000 for Best Novel.


title: A Storm of Swords

paragraphs: A Storm of Swords is the third of seven planned books in "A Song of Ice and Fire", a fantasy series written by George R. R. Martin. It was first released on 8 August 2000 in the United Kingdom, and in November 2000 in the United States.

paragraphs: "A Storm of Swords" won the 2001 Locus Award and 2002 Geffen Award for Best Novel and was nominated for the 2002 Nebula Award for Best Novel. It was also put up for the Hugo Award, but it lost to JK Rowling's novel "Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire".


title: A Feast for Crows

paragraphs: A Feast for Crows is the fourth of seven planned books in "A Song of Ice and Fire", a fantasy series written by George R. R. Martin. The book was first released on 17 October 2005 in the United Kingdom, and in the United States on 8 November 2005.

paragraphs: Like "A Storm of Swords", "A Feast for Crows" was nominated for the Hugo Award for Best Novel, and was also the first book in the series to get to the top of the "New York Times" bestseller list.


title: Zest (ingredient)

paragraphs: Zest is the outer skin of citrus fruit. Cooks use it to add strong flavor to foods.


title: Paprika

paragraphs: Paprika is a spice made from the grinding of dried sweet red bell peppers. The word comes from a Turkish word meaning "pepper". In many non-English speaking European countries, the word "paprika" also refers to bell peppers themselves. The seasoning is used in many cuisines to add color and flavor to cooked foods.


title: Clove

paragraphs: A clove ("Syzygium aromaticum", syn. "Eugenia aromaticum" or "Eugenia caryophyllata") is an aromatic dried flower bud of a tree in the family Myrtaceae. Cloves are native to Indonesia. A clove tree is an evergreen and grows to the height of 8-12 m. The part used in cookery is a dried flower bud. Cloves are harvested primarily in Zanzibar, Indonesia and Madagascar; it is also grown in India called Lavang, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka.

paragraphs: Cloves are used in cooking, whole or ground. If you put whole cloves in a ham, they will impart their flavour to the meat. Dried cloves are a key spice in India.

paragraphs: Cloves were once traded in Portugal. Clove was once one of the most valuable spices, a kg costing 7 g of gold.


title: Myrtales

paragraphs: The Myrtales are an order of flowering plants. They are a basal group of dicotyledons.