title: Charles Horioka

paragraphs: Charles Yuji Horioka (born September 7, 1956 in Boston, Massachusetts) is a Japanese-American economist. He lives in Japan. Horioka earned his B.A. and Ph.D. degrees from Harvard University. Now he is Research Professor at the Asian Growth Research Institute in Kitakyushu City, Japan. He has taught at Stanford, Columbia, Kyoto, and Osaka Universities. Recently, he was Vea Family Professor of Technology and Evolutionary Economics Centennial at the University of the Philippines, Diliman, from 2013 until 2014. He is also a Research Associate of the National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER). He was Co-Editor of the International Economic Review until 2013.

paragraphs: He mainly studies macroeconomics, household and family economics, the Japanese economy, and other Asian economies. He has written many academic articles about consumption, saving, and bequest behavior and parent-child relations in Japan, the United States, China, India, Korea, and Asia.

paragraphs: He wrote an article with Martin Feldstein called "Domestic Saving and International Capital Flows." "Economic Journal" published it in 1980. Horioka showed a positive correlation between long-term savings and investment rates across countries. This is called the Feldstein–Horioka puzzle. The article is a reference for many other articles in international finance.

paragraphs: In 2001, Horioka won the Seventh Japanese Economic Association Nakahara Prize.


title: Philippine National Railways

paragraphs: The Philippine National Railways (abbreviated as PNR), is a railway system in the Philippines, which is under the Department of Transportation (DOTr) as an associated agency. The present form of PNR was established in 1984. It currently runs 479 kilometers of the railway on the island of Luzon.


title: Tisha b'av

paragraphs: Tisha b'av is a fast day in Judaism. On this day multiple disasters happened, mainly the destruction of the First Temple and the Second Temple.


title: Insertion sort

paragraphs: In computer science, insertion sort is a method of sorting data, such as numbers, one item at a time. It is not a very efficient method compared to other algorithms such as quicksort. However, it is a very simple algorithm that is easy to build.

paragraphs: Think about the sequence of numbers in the picture below. It starts with a small number (written as ≤x), then a big number (≥x) and then a medium sized number (written as x). If this had specific numbers, it might start with 2 (small), 10 (big), 4 (medium). The number 10 is bigger than the number 4. So if the sequence were in order from smallest to biggest, it should start with 2, 4, 10. So the second and third numbers should be swapped. So, in the example below, the sequence should start with ≤x, x, ≥x.

paragraphs: When the sequence it sorted, the medium number is moved in between the small (≤x) and big (≥x) numbers. So the sequence becomes:


title: Jānis Bojārs

paragraphs: Jānis Bojārs (12 May 1956 – 5 June 2018) was a Latvian shot putter. He was best known for winning the silver medal for the Soviet Union in the men's shot put event at the 1982 European Championships in Athens, Greece. He set his personal best (21.74 m) on 14 July 1984 at a meet in Riga.

paragraphs: Bojārs died on 5 June 2018 at the age of 62.


title: Daugavpils

paragraphs: Daugavpils (; ; ) is a city in southeastern Latvia. It is on the banks of the Daugava River, from which the city gets its name. Daugavpils literally means "Daugava Castle". It is the second largest city in the country after the capital Riga.


title: Louvemont-Côte-du-Poivre

paragraphs: Louvemont-Côte-du-Poivre is a commune. It is in the Meuse department in Grand Est in northeast France.

paragraphs: Nobody has lived here since the end of the Battle of Verdun in 1916. The official population is zero. Nobody lives in these places either: Bezonvaux, Beaumont-en-Verdunois, Haumont-près-Samogneux, Cumières-le-Mort-Homme and Fleury-devant-Douaumont.

paragraphs: During the war, the town was completely destroyed. The land was so badly damaged that it was hard to live there. So, the commune was not rebuilt. The site of the commune is kept as it was to show the violence of war. It is officially named a "village that died for France." A municipal council of three members manages the commune. The council members are appointed by the prefect of the Meuse department.


title: Haumont-près-Samogneux

paragraphs: Haumont-près-Samogneux is a commune. It is in the Meuse department in Grand Est in northeast France.

paragraphs: Nobody has lived here since the end of the Battle of Verdun in 1916. The official population is zero. Nobody lives in these places either: Bezonvaux, Beaumont-en-Verdunois, Louvemont-Côte-du-Poivre, Cumières-le-Mort-Homme and Fleury-devant-Douaumont.


title: Richard Biggs

paragraphs: Richard James Biggs II (March 18, 1960 – May 22, 2004) was an American television and stage actor. He was known for his roles on the television series "Days of Our Lives" and "Babylon 5".

paragraphs: Biggs collapsed at his home in Los Angeles, and died at Providence Saint Joseph Medical Center of complications stemming from aortic dissection on May 22, 2004.


title: Parahenodus

paragraphs: Parahenodus is an extinct "henodontidae" placodont only known from a skull, described in 2018. The skull, named and described as Parahenodus atancensis, was discovered in Upper Triassic rock in Spain. It was the sister taxon to "Henodus".


title: 2019 UEFA Europa League Final

paragraphs: The 2019 UEFA Europa League Final will be the last match of the 2018–19 UEFA Europa League of the 48th season of Europe's secondary club football tournament organised by UEFA, and the 10th season since it was renamed from the UEFA Cup to the UEFA Europa League. It will be played at the Olympic Stadium in Baku, Azerbaijan on 29 May 2019.

paragraphs: Chelsea won the final 4–1 for their second UEFA Europa League title. As winners, they will play against the winners of the 2018–19 UEFA Champions League in the 2019 UEFA Super Cup. Chelsea have already qualified for the Champions League group stage through their league performance, the group stage berth reserved for the Europa League winners was given to the third-placed team of the 2018–19 Ligue 1, Lyon, as Ligue 1 was the 5th-ranked association according to next season's access list.

paragraphs: Starting from this season, the Europa League final was played in the same week as the Champions League final. In March 2018, UEFA announced that a fourth substitution will be allowed in extra time and that the number of substitutes has been increased from 7 to 12. The kick-off time has also been changed from 20:45 CEST to 21:00 CEST. The match was also the first fixture (and final) of the Europa League to use the video assistant referee (VAR) system.

paragraphs: "Note: In all results below, the score of the finalist is given first (H: home; A: away)."

paragraphs: The "home" team (for administrative purposes) was determined by an additional draw held after the quarter-final and semi-final draws, which was held on 15 March 2019 at the UEFA headquarters in Nyon, Switzerland.


title: Desert ecology

paragraphs: In deserts, there is very little vegetation. Depending on the type of desert, the climate may be very dry, or very hot. Desert ecology is about studying ecology in desert-like climates. Many of the organisms that live there have adapted, to be able to cope with these conditions.


title: Stuart Little: The Animated Series

paragraphs: Stuart Little: The Animated Series' is an American animated television series, based on the "Stuart Little" movies.

paragraphs: The series stars David Kaufman as the voice of Stuart, replacing Michael J. Fox. Most of the cast from the films did not reprise their roles, except for Hugh Laurie as Mr. Little and Alec Baldwin as Mr. Little's half-brother Adam Maitland.


paragraphs: The 1985 United States-Canada tornado outbreak occurred in the United States and Canada on May 31, 1985. In the United States, tornadoes struck the states of Ohio, Pennyslvania, and New York, and in Canada it struck in the province of Ontario. It was the largest and most intense tornado to hit this region and the worst tornado outbreak in Ohio and Pennyslvania history.

paragraphs: The most intense tornado moved through Niles, Ohio and Wheatland, Pennyslvania and was an F5. The tornado killed 18 people and injured 310, and this remains the only F5 to strike Pennyslvania and was the most violent tornado in the United States in 1985.

paragraphs: The Niles, Ohio/Wheatland, Pennyslvania tornado began around 6:30 p.m. and gathered strength as it headed towards Newton Falls, Ohio, producing F3 and F4 damage to the town. No deaths or injuries were reported in Newton Falls due to all residents taking shelter. Homes were also destroyed in Lordstown. It became an F5 later as it moved into Niles. Hundreds of homes in Niles were destroyed with the local shopping center leveled and several deaths occurred at the location. The tornado then crossed the state line into Pennyslvania, regaining its strength. 95% of the buildings in Wheatland were destroyed. The tornado weakened slightly as it moved towards Hermitage. 71 homes suffered damage or were destroyed. The tornado then destroyed homes in the Greenfield area before dissipating.

paragraphs: Later on tornadoes broke out in southern New York, nobody was killed in the state but 20 people were injured in New York state.

paragraphs: The tornado action moved into southeastern Ontario producing 5 tornadoes between 5:40 p.m. and 6:35 p.m. Eastern Time. The tornadoes ranged from F1-F3 intensity.

paragraphs: At the same time the Lion's Head, Ontario tornado dissipated, severe thunderstorms developed one to the east of Clinton, Ontario and another in Walkerton, Ontario area. The power was shut off in Barrie, Ontario at 4:00 p.m., as the tornado took out the local transformers. 5 people were killed in the area, including a mother and son who were killed when their home was leveled.

paragraphs: In total, 41 tornadoes touched down between 3 p.m. on May 31 and 12 a.m. on June 1, killing 90 people in total across the United States and Canada, with the most deadly tornado happening in the evening hours across Ohio and Pennyslvania. The tornado that struck Niles, Ohio was the deadliest tornado in Ohio since the Xenia tornado in 1974. The outbreak was the worst tornado outbreak in the United States since the 1974 Super Outbreak. It was also the third costliest in history, with $980 million in damage in Ohio, Pennyslvania, New York, and Ontario.


title: Monosemy

paragraphs: Monosemy is when the words in a language each have only one meaning. Most natural human languages are polysemous: words each have more than one meaning. The constructed languages Lojban and Loglan were created to be monosemous. Monosemy is helpful for machine translation.


title: Razan al-Najjar

paragraphs: Razan Ashraf Abdul Qadir al-Najjar (11 September 1996 – 1 June 2018) was a Palestinian nurse. She volunteered in the Gaza health ministry. She was a resident of Khuzaa, a village near the border with Israel. She was born in Khuza'a, Khan Yunis.

paragraphs: Her formal training after volunteering was as a paramedic in Khan Younis at Nasser Hospital and she became an active member of the Palestinian Medical Relief Society, a non-governmental health organization. She wore the white coat of the medics and a medics vest with bandages, and was attending those wounded during protests at the border fence between Gaza and Israel during Ramadan.

paragraphs: al-Najjar was fatally shot in the chest by an Israeli soldier as she, with her arms raised to show she was unarmed, tried to help evacuate the wounded near Israel's border fence with Gaza. She was 21 years old.


title: Karl Fritz Lauer

paragraphs: Karl Fritz Lauer (April 11, 1938 – June 5, 2018) was a Romanian-German Agricultural Scientist in Phytopathology and Herbology. He was born in Săcălaz (German Sackelhausen), Kingdom of Romania. After relocation to the German Federal Republic in 1981 he first worked as a scientist at the Botanical Institute of the University of Regensburg before taking over the management of the scientific field research for southern Germany for Rhône-Poulenc from 1983 to 1995.

paragraphs: Lauer died in Leonberg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany on June 5, 2018 at the age of 80.


title: Mateja Matevski

paragraphs: Mateja Matevski (13 March 1929 – 6 June 2018) was a Macedonian poet, literary and theater critic, essayist, and translator.

paragraphs: Matevski was the editor of the literary journals "Mlada literatura" Association. He was also been the president of the Council of the Struga Poetry Evenings Festival, "Racinovi sredbi". He was a corresponding member of the North-American Academy in the Spanish language. Matevski was a member of the Bjornstjerne Bjornson Academy in Molde, Norway.

paragraphs: Matevski died on 6 June 2018 in Skopje, Macedonia, aged 89. His funeral was held at the Butel City Cemetery in Skopje.


title: Brazilian Space Agency

paragraphs: The Brazilian Space Agency (; AEB) is the Brazilian agency for the country's growing space program. It runs a spaceport at Alcântara and a launch pad at Barreira do Inferno. The Brazilian Space Agency made Brazil a part of the International Space Station mission.

paragraphs: The Brazil Space Program was created in 1961 and was controlled by the Brazilian military. Since the military controlled the program, research there was not much research. Some technological research was not allowed because other countries were worried about developing ICBMs with nuclear bombs.

paragraphs: Brazil launched it's first Brazilian made satellite on February 9, 1993. The satellite was used to study space.

paragraphs: On February 10, 1994, the Brazilian military stopped running the Space Program, which then became the Brazilian Space Agency.

paragraphs: In 2003, a rocket exploded and killed 21 people. Brazil was able to successfully launch its first rocket into space on October 23, 2004. Several other successful launches have followed.

paragraphs: On March 30, 2006, Brazilian astronaut Marcos Pontes became the first Brazilian and the first native Portuguese-speaking person to go to space. He stayed on the International Space Station for a week. He landed in Kazakhstan on April 8, 2006 with the astronauts on Expedition 12.

paragraphs: The Alcântara Launch Center (; CLA) is the main launch site and home to the Brazilian Space Agency. It is located in the state of Maranhão. This place is good because not many people live there and it is easy to protect. It also gives good access to the sky and sea. Since it is close to the equator, it makes launching a special type of satellite that stays over one part of the earth much easier.

paragraphs: The Barreira do Inferno Launch Center (; CLBI) is another launch site of the Brazilian Space Agency. It is located in the state of Rio Grande do Norte. It is mostly used to launch a special type of rocket for research. It also helps the Alcântara Launch Center.


title: Freddy Eugen

paragraphs: Freddy Eugen (4 February 1941 – 8 June 2018) was a Danish cyclist. He was born in København, Denmark.

paragraphs: Eugen was active between 1961 and 1969 on the road and track. On track he won two European medals in the madison event in 1967 and 1968. On the road he won 9 six-day races out of 95 starts, including the Six Days of Amsterdam (1967), as well as one stage of the Tour de Suisse (1963).

paragraphs: Eugen died on 8 June 2018 in Copenhagen from esophageal cancer at the age of 77.


title: John McKenzie

paragraphs: John Albert "Pie" McKenzie (December 12, 1937 – June 8, 2018) was a Canadian professional hockey player and coach. He played in the National Hockey League (NHL) for several seasons. He notably played with the Boston Bruins, with whom he won the Stanley Cup twice (1970, 1072). McKenzie also played several seasons in the World Hockey Association (WHA). He was born in High River, Alberta.

paragraphs: McKenzie also played for the Chicago Blackhawks, Detroit Red Wings and the New York Rangers.

paragraphs: McKenzie died at age 80 on June 8, 2018 from a long-illness in Boston, Massachusetts.


title: Thomas Stuttaford

paragraphs: Irving Thomas Stuttaford, OBE (4 May 1931 – 8 June 2018) was a British physician, author, and medical columnist of "The Times". He served as a Conservative Member of Parliament from 1970 to 1974.

paragraphs: In 2002, he retired as Senior Medical Advisor for Barclays Bank. In the years that followed he continued to write a regular monthly column for "The Oldie" and was a frequent contributor to "Healthspan", an online retailer of vitamin supplements, and occasionally to other national newspapers and journals.

paragraphs: Stuttaford died on 8 June 2018 at the age of 87.


title: Neal E. Boyd

paragraphs: Neal Evans Boyd (November 18, 1975 – June 10, 2018) was an American pop opera singer and television contestant. He was best known as being the winner of the third season of "America's Got Talent". He was born in Missouri.

paragraphs: Boyd signed to Decca Records and released his debut album, "My American Dream," on June 23, 2009, the day of the fourth season premiere of "America's Got Talent." It debuted at #195 on the "Billboard" 200 and #3 on the Top Classical Albums Chart.

paragraphs: Boyd was a Republican. He ran for a seat in the Missouri House of Representatives in 2012 and in 2014, but lost in the election.

paragraphs: Boyd died at the age of 42 on June 10, 2018, of heart and kidney failure in Sikeston, Missouri.


title: Katarzyna Łaniewska

paragraphs: Katarzyna Janina Łaniewska-Błaszczak (born 20 June 1933) is a Polish actress, opposition activist in the Polish People's Republic, and a political activist since 1989. She was born in Łódź, Poland. From 1970 to 1974, she starred in the comedy series "Czterdziestolatek".

paragraphs: In the Polish parliamentary elections in 2011, Łaniewska was the nonpartisan candidate to the Senate on behalf of the Law and Justice party in Warsaw. She received nearly 100 thousand votes (nearly 31%).

paragraphs: She was the president of the Warsaw branch of the Association of Polish Artists from 1992 to 2006. She served on the Skolimowska Commission of the Main Board of the Polish Actors Association.

paragraphs: From 1954 to 1964, she was married to actor Ignacy Gogolewski.


title: Andrzej Kopiczyński

paragraphs: Andrzej Kopiczyński (15 April 1934 – 13 October 2016) was a Polish actor. He appeared in more than 50 movies and television between 1958 and 2016. He was known for his starring role as Stefan Karwowski in the comedy series "Czterdziestolatek" (1974-1977). Kopiczyński was born in Międzyrzec Podlaski, Poland.

paragraphs: Kopiczyński died in Warsaw on 13 October 2016 of Alzheimer's disease at the age of 82.


title: Czterdziestolatek

paragraphs: Czterdziestolatek or 40-latek (the English translation: a forty-year-old); broadcast in English by TVP Polonia. It was broadcasted under the title of "Being Forty". It is a Polish television comedy series which ran from 1974 to 1977.

paragraphs: It was very popular that it was continued and led to the release of a movie "I'm a Butterfly, a 40-year-old's Love Affair" and a New Year's Eve television program in 1975.

paragraphs: The series was written by Jerzy Gruza and Krzysztof Teodor Toeplitz and was broadcast on Telewizja Polska. In total, 21 episodes were made.

paragraphs: It starred Andrzej Kopiczyński, Roman Kłosowski, Anna Seniuk, Irena Kwiatkowska, Wojciech Pokora, Leonard Pietraszak, Katarzyna Łaniewska, Wiesław Gołas, Alina Janowska, Jan Kociniak, Tadeusz Pluciński, Lech Ordon, Jan Pietrzak, Jan Kobuszewski and Krzysztof Kowalewski.

paragraphs: The show was about a family in Warsaw who goes through midlife crisis, affairs, addiction, obsession with hair loss, efforts to maintain physical fitness, pride in achievements and professional life, society's role and health.


title: Roman Kłosowski

paragraphs: Roman Kłosowski (14 February 1929 – 11 June 2018) was a Polish actor. He starred in "Shadow" ("Cień") in 1956, which entered into the 1956 Cannes Film Festival. He starred in the Aleksander Ford movie "The First Day of Freedom" which was entered into the 1965 Cannes Film Festival.

paragraphs: From 1974 to 1976 he starred in the successful television comedy series "Czterdziestolatek". From 1975-1981 he directed the Universal Theater in Łódź and from 1981 worked at the Warsaw Mermaid Theater.


title: Anna Seniuk

paragraphs: Anna Seniuk (born 17 November 1942) is a Polish actress. Seniuk is known to Polish viewers mainly for her role of Magda Karwowska in the immensely popular 1970s Polish TV series "Czterdziestolatek" (The Forty-Year-Old). She has cooperated with Polish Radio and has been featured in more than 40 radio shows. Her movie roles include: "Europa Europa", "Potop" and "The Maids of Wilko".


title: Irena Kwiatkowska

paragraphs: Irena Kwiatkowska (17 September 19123 March 2011) was a Polish actress. She was known in Poland for her many cabaret roles and monologues. She appeared in comedy movies and television series. She was known for her role in "Czterdziestolatek" ("Being Forty", 1974–77) as "Kobieta Pracująca" ("Working Woman").


title: Leonard Pietraszak

paragraphs: Leonard Pietraszak (born 6 November 1936) is a Polish actor. He has appeared in more than 60 movies and television shows since 1957. He was born in Bydgoszcz, Poland. He is known for his role in the comedy television series "Czterdziestolatek".

paragraphs: Pietraszak also starred in "Stawka większa niż życie" (1967), "How I Unleashed World War II" (1970), "Vabank" (1981), "Danton" (1983), "Kingsajz" (1987) and "Letters to Santa" (2011).


title: Tadeusz Pluciński

paragraphs: Tadeusz Pluciński (25 September 1926 – 23 April 2019) was a Polish actor. He appeared in more than 40 movies and television shows from 1951. He was born in Łódź, Poland. He starred in "Warsaw Premiere" (1951), "Westerplatte" (1967), "Stawka większa niż życie" (1967) and the comedy series "Czterdziestolatek" (1974–1977).


title: 2019 UEFA Super Cup

paragraphs: The 2019 UEFA Super Cup will be the 44th UEFA Super Cup, an annual football match organised by UEFA and contested by the reigning champions of the two main European club competitions, the UEFA Champions League and the UEFA Europa League. The match will be played by two English teams, Liverpool, the winners of the 2018–19 UEFA Champions League, and Chelsea, the winners of the 2018–19 UEFA Europa League. The match will be played at the Vodafone Park in Istanbul, Turkey on 14 August 2019. The match will be the first all-English UEFA Super Cup, and the eighth overall Super Cup to feature two teams from the same country. For the first time, the video assistant referee (VAR) system will be used in the UEFA Super Cup.

paragraphs: The Champions League winners will be called as the "home" team for administrative purposes.


title: Jan Pietrzak

paragraphs: Jan Pietrzak (pronounced ; born 26 April 1937) is a Polish comedian, politician, singer-songwriter, actor, and columnist for "Tygodnik Solidarność" (Solidarity Weekly). He was born in Warsaw. In 1967 Pietrzak founded "Pod Egidą" ("Under the Aegis"), a literacy school. He starred in the comedy series "Czterdziestolatek" from 1974 to 1977.

paragraphs: He briefly ran for President of Poland in the 1995 presidential election.

paragraphs: On 3 May 2009 Pietrzak was honored by the President of Poland with the Order of Polonia Restituta.


title: Ignacy Gogolewski

paragraphs: Ignacy Gogolewski (born 17 June 1931) is a Polish actor. He has appeared in more than 30 movies since 1953. He was born in Ciechanów, Mazowieckie, Poland. He starred in "Three Stories" (1953), "Tonight a City Will Die" (1961), "The Codes" (1966), "Stawka większa niż życie" (1967) and "Boleslaw Smialy" (1972).

paragraphs: From 1954 to 1964, he was married to actress Katarzyna Łaniewska.


title: Jan Kobuszewski

paragraphs: Jan Kobuszewski (19 April 1934 – 28 September 2019) was a Polish actor and comedian. In 1963, he began co-hosting with Jan Kociniak the first satirical TV show on Polish television, "Wielokropek". He would also co-star with Kociniak in the comedy series "Czterdziestolatek" (1974-1977).

paragraphs: Kobuszewski was awarded the Order of Polonia Restituta, one of Poland's highest Orders, and many other Orders, including Gold Cross of Merit and Medal for Long Marital Life.


title: Jan Kociniak

paragraphs: Jan Kociniak (8 November 1937 – 20 April 2007) was a Polish actor and comedian. He was also a well known for his performances in feature and TV movies, as well as dubbing roles (such as Winnie the Pooh in the Polish-language version). He starred in the comedy series "Czterdziestolatek" (1974-1977).


title: Krzysztof Kowalewski

paragraphs: Krzysztof Kowalewski (born 20 March 1937) is a Polish actor and comedian. Kowalewski has been awarded the Knight's Cross of the Order of Polonia Restituta (2002), Gold Medal of Medal for Merit to Culture, "Gloria Artis" (2009) and Grand Prize Splendor ("Wielki Splendor") (1992). He starred in the comedy series "Czterdziestolatek" (1970-1974).


title: Mateusz Morawiecki

paragraphs: Mateusz Jakub Morawiecki (born 20 June 1968) is a Polish politician, manager, banker, economist, lawyer, historian. He is the 17th and current Prime Minister of Poland since 11 December 2017. He has served as Deputy Prime Minister, Minister of Development and Minister of Finance in the cabinet of Beata Szydło.

paragraphs: His father, Kornel Morawiecki, was a politician and physicist who ran for president in 2010.

paragraphs: On 8 December 2017, Morawiecki was designated as the Prime Minister of Poland. On 11 December he was sworn into office. Following his appointment, Morawiecki promised “continuation” rather than change in his first major parliamentary address.


title: Erg

paragraphs: An erg is a unit of measurement or energy or work that is the same as 10 joules. It formed part of the centimetre-gram-second system of units (CGS system of measurement which is no longer used).

paragraphs: An erg is about the amount of work done (or energy consumed) by one common housefly performing a "press-up", the leg-bending dip that brings its mouth to the surface on which it stands and back up.


title: 2019 UEFA Champions League Final

paragraphs: The 2019 UEFA Champions League Final was the last match of the 2018–19 UEFA Champions League. The campaign was the 64th season of Europe's top club football tournament organised by UEFA, and the 27th season since it was renamed from the European Champion Clubs' Cup to the UEFA Champions League. It was played at the Wanda Metropolitano in Madrid, Spain on 1 June 2019. The match was played between English sides Tottenham Hotspur, in their first European Cup final, and Liverpool, in their ninth final overall and their second in a row, having been lost to Real Madrid in 2018.

paragraphs: Liverpool won the final 2–0, with a penalty after 106 seconds from Mohamed Salah and a strike by substitute Divock Origi in the 87th minute. It was Liverpool's sixth European Cup win and the club's first time since 2005.

paragraphs: As winners, Liverpool will play against Chelsea, the winners of the 2018–19 UEFA Europa League, in the 2019 UEFA Super Cup. They will also qualify to enter the group stage of the 2019–20 UEFA Champions League, and if they have already qualified through their league performance, the spot reserved will be given to the champions of the 2018–19 Austrian Bundesliga, the 11th-ranked association according to next season's access list.

paragraphs: In March 2018, UEFA announced that a fourth substitution will be allowed in extra time and that the number of substitutes has been increased from 7 to 12. The kick-off time was also changed from 20:45 CEST to 21:00 CEST.

paragraphs: "In the following table, finals until 1992 were in the European Cup times, since 1993 were in the UEFA Champions League times."

paragraphs: "Note: In all results below, the score of the finalist is given first (H: home; A: away)."

paragraphs: The "home" team (for administrative purposes) was determined by an additional draw held after the quarter-final and semi-final draws, which was held on 15 March 2019, 12:00 CET, at the UEFA headquarters in Nyon, Switzerland.


title: Jackie DeShannon

paragraphs: Jackie DeShannon (born August 21, 1944) is an American musician and pop singer-songwriter. She was born Sharon Lee Myers.

paragraphs: DeShannon is the singer of songs, such as "What the World Needs Now is Love" and "Put a Little Love in Your Heart".

paragraphs: DeShannon was born in Hazel, Kentucky. Later, she and her parents moved to Aurora, Illinois.

paragraphs: Many sources say DeShannon was born in 1944. Others say that she was born in 1940, 1941 or 1942.


title: What the World Needs Now Is Love

paragraphs: "What the World Needs Now is Love" is an American 1965 pop song by Jackie DeShannon. It was first recorded and made popular by DeShannon. It was released on April 15, 1965. It peaked at number 7 on the U.S. "Billboard" Hot 100.

paragraphs: The song is about wanting love and dealing with prejudice.

paragraphs: Other singers have recorded the song. They include Dionne Warwick.


title: 2019–20 UEFA Europa League

paragraphs: The 2019–20 UEFA Europa League will be the 49th season of Europe's secondary club football tournament organised by UEFA, and the 11th season since it was renamed from the UEFA Cup to the UEFA Europa League. The last match will be played at the Stadion Energa Gdańsk in Gdańsk, Poland. The winners of the 2019–20 UEFA Europa League will play against the winners of the 2019–20 UEFA Champions League in the 2020 UEFA Super Cup and will also automatically qualify for the 2020–21 UEFA Champions League group stage, and if they have already qualified through their league performance, the reserved place will be given to the third-placed team of the 5th-ranked association according to next season's access list.

paragraphs: The labels in the parentheses show how each team qualified for the place of its starting round:

paragraphs: "Note: Teams in italics may still qualify for the 2019–20 UEFA Champions League, either through domestic performance, or by winning the 2018–19 UEFA Champions League or the 2018–19 UEFA Europa League."


paragraphs: The 2017–18 UEFA Champions League group stage began on 12 September and ended on 6 December 2017. A total of 32 teams competed in the group stage to decide the 16 places in the knockout phase of the 2017–18 UEFA Champions League.

paragraphs: Below were the participating teams (with their 2017 UEFA club coefficients), grouped by their seeding pot. They included 22 teams which enter in this stage, and the 10 winners of the play-off round (5 in Champions Route, 5 in League Route).

paragraphs: In each group, teams played against each other home-and-away in a round-robin format. The group winners and runners-up advanced to the round of 16, while the third-placed teams entered the Europa League round of 32.

paragraphs: Teams were ranked according to points (3 points for a win, 1 point for a draw, 0 points for a loss), and if tied on points, the following tiebreaking criteria were applied, in the order given, to determine the rankings (Regulations Articles 17.01):

paragraphs: The matchdays were 12–13 September, 26–27 September, 17–18 October, 31 October – 1 November, 21–22 November, and 5–6 December 2017. The match kickoff times were 20:45 CEST/CET in general, except for certain matches for geographical reasons.

paragraphs: Times are CET/CEST, as listed by UEFA (local times are in parentheses).


title: Qayamat Ki Raat

paragraphs: Qayamat Ki Raat (lit.Night of the doom) is an Indian supernatural television series. It started on 23 June 2018 in Star Plus. The show is co-produced by Ekta Kapoor and Shobha Kapoor under their banner Balaji Telefilms.

paragraphs: The show opened with 5.6 million impressions in its opening week.


title: Victoria Kalima

paragraphs: Victoria Kalima Phiri (4 October 1972 – 11 June 2018) was a Zambian politician. She served as Minister of Gender until her death in 2018. She was also a member of the National Assembly for Kasenengwa from 2011 until her death in 2018.

paragraphs: Kalima died at Maina Soko Military Hospital in Lusaka on 11 June 2018 after an illness, aged 45.


title: Jon Hiseman

paragraphs: Philip John "Jon" Hiseman (21 June 1944 – 12 June 2018) was an English rock-blues-jazz drummer, recording engineer, record producer and music publisher. He was born in London. Hiseman was known for being the founder of the jazz-rock band Colosseum. He also performed with Tempest and John Mayall.

paragraphs: Hiseman died on 12 June 2018 of brain cancer at the age of 73.


title: Lindsey Buckingham

paragraphs: Lindsey Adams Buckingham (born October 3, 1949) is an American musician, singer-songwriter, and producer. He is best known as lead guitarist and one of the vocalists of the musical group Fleetwood Mac from 1975 to 1987, and then 1997 to 2018.

paragraphs: As a member of Fleetwood Mac, he was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1998. In 2011, Buckingham was ranked 100th in "Rolling Stone" Magazine's 2011 list of "The 100 Greatest Guitarists of All Time".


title: Amazonsaurus

paragraphs: Amazonsaurus ( , "Amazon lizard") is a rebbachisaurid sauropod dinosaur from the Early Cretaceous Period of what is now South America. It would have been a four-legged herbivore with a long neck and whiplash tail. "Amazonsaurus" was probably not more than 12 meters (40 ft) long. Its weight was about 5000 kg (5 tons).


title: Yazd Province

paragraphs: Yazd Province (, "Ostān-e Yazd" ) is one of the 31 provinces of Iran. Its capital is Yazd.


title: Empress Masako

paragraphs: , born on 9 December 1963, is the wife and empress consort of the current Emperor of Japan, Naruhito, the eldest son of the previous emperor Akihito, who took the throne after abdication of the latter on 30 April 2019.


title: Aiko, Princess Toshi

paragraphs: Aiko was born on 1 December 2001 at Imperial Household Agency Hospital in Tokyo Imperial Palace, She is only child of Crown Prince and Crown Princess.


title: Gloria Warren

paragraphs: Gloria Warren (born Gloria Weiman on April 7, 1926) is an American actress, pianist and singer.

paragraphs: Her movie career began in 1942 with Warner Bros.. That same year, she appeared in her first motion picture, "Always in My Heart". Her singing voice was often compared to that of Deanna Durbin.

paragraphs: She made four more movies after that, including "Dangerous Money" and "Bells of San Fernando", and retired from show business in 1947.


title: Ron Holgate

paragraphs: Ronald Holgate (born May 26, 1937) is an American actor and opera singer. He won the Tony Award for Best Supporting Actor as Richard Henry Lee in the original Broadway production of "1776". He would re-play the role in 1972 for the movie "1776".


title: Spencer Bohren

paragraphs: Spencer Ward Bohren (1950 in Casper, Wyoming – June 8, 2019) was an American roots musician, singer, songwriter, teacher, and visual artist.

paragraphs: He played guitar, lap steel guitar, banjo, and percussion, and utilizes the roots of American traditional music to write songs in blues, country, gospel and folk styles. He has released fourteen albums from 1984 until 2018.

paragraphs: Bohren died on June 8, 2019 from prostate cancer, aged 69.


title: Michael Jagmin

paragraphs: Michael "Jag" Jagmin (born May 12, 1985) is an American singer-songwriter and musician. He is known for being the lead vocalist of post-hardcore band A Skylit Drive and former lead vocalist of metal band Odd Project.

paragraphs: Jagmin was the second vocalist of the metal band Odd Project, and was featured on their second album, "Lovers, Fighters, Sinners, Saints". He left the band in 2007.


title: Chris LeDoux

paragraphs: Chris LeDoux (October 2, 1948 – March 9, 2005) was an American country music singer-songwriter, bronze sculptor, and hall of fame rodeo champion. He was born in Biloxi, Mississippi.

paragraphs: During his career LeDoux recorded 36 albums (many self-released) which have sold more than six million units in the United States. He was awarded two gold and one platinum album certifications from the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA).

paragraphs: He was nominated for a Grammy Award, and was honored with the Academy of Country Music Music Cliffie Stone Pioneer Award. LeDoux is also the only person to ever both participate and perform at the Houston LiveStock Show & Rodeo.

paragraphs: LeDoux died of bile duct cancer on March 9, 2005 in Casper, Wyoming at the age of 56.


title: Rosie Hamlin

paragraphs: Rosalie "Rosie" Méndez Hamlin (July 21, 1945 – March 30, 2017) was an American singer-songwriter. She was the frontwoman of the group Rosie and the Originals. She was born in Klamath Falls, Oregon, but was raised in Anchorage, Alaska. Hamlin was best known for the 1960 song "Angel Baby", which became a Top 40 hit in 1961 when Hamlin was only fifteen years old. She retired from the music industry in 1963.

paragraphs: Hamlin's "Angel Baby" was covered by several artists, including Linda Ronstadt and John Lennon, who cited Hamlin as one of his favorite singers. She was the first Latina to be honored by the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame, as well as the first Latina to appear on Dick Clark's "American Bandstand" in 1961.

paragraphs: Hamlin died on March 30, 2017 in Belen, New Mexico from a long-illness at the age of 71.


title: Norma Zimmer

paragraphs: Norma Zimmer (July 13, 1923 – May 10, 2011) was an American singer and actress. She was best remembered for her 22-year tenure as Lawrence Welk's "Champagne Lady" on "The Lawrence Welk Show", and for her love of traditional Christian music.

paragraphs: She landed a small singing part in the Bing Crosby movie "Mr. Music" (1950), and provided the singing voice for the White Rose in the Disney movie "Alice in Wonderland" (1951).

paragraphs: Zimmer died in Brea, California on May 10, 2011 at the age of 87.


title: Josh Ritter

paragraphs: Josh Ritter (born October 21, 1976) is an American singer-songwriter, musician, and author. He performs and records with The Royal City Band. Ritter is known for his Americana style and narrative lyrics.

paragraphs: In 2006 he was named one of the "100 Greatest Living Songwriters" by "Paste" magazine.


title: Slim Andrews

paragraphs: Slim Andrews (born Leonard Andrews Huntington, Jr.; on June 14, 1931) is an American country music singer and guitarist. He was born in Boston, Massachusetts. He began his music career in 1942 at the age of eleven when he won a talent contest at the Community Theater in Maine, He got his first guitar at this time and spent 75 years of his life entertaining throughout the South and Northeast.


title: Clarence White

paragraphs: Clarence White (born Clarence Joseph LeBlanc; June 7, 1944 – July 14, 1973), was an American bluegrass and country guitarist and singer. He is best known as a member of the bluegrass ensemble the Kentucky Colonels and the rock band the Byrds. He was born in Lewiston, Maine.

paragraphs: White died on July 14, 1973 in Palmdale, California after being struck and killed by a drunk driver at the age of 29.


title: Lois Hart

paragraphs: Lois Hackbert Hart Walker (born on February 5, 1950, in Atlanta, Georgia) is a retired journalist. She worked on the evening news in Sacramento on KCRA-TV with her husband, Dave Walker, from 1990 through 2008.

paragraphs: Hart first worked at KCRA in the 1970s and later worked at KOVR. Hart and Walker were married in 1979. Later, they went Sacramento to work for CNN. Hart's first show with CNN was broadcast in 1980. In 1989, Hart and Walker both left CNN and began working for CNBC. Hart was on TV Shows "CNBC Mornings", "Money Wheel", and "America's Vital Signs".

paragraphs: Hart and Walker retired on November 26, 2008.


title: Corey Stewart

paragraphs: Corey Alan Stewart (born August 1, 1968) is an American lawyer and Republican politician. Stewart is the Chairman of the Prince William Board of County Supervisors.

paragraphs: He studied at Georgetown University and at William Mitchell College of Law. He was elected to the Board of County Supervisors in 2003.

paragraphs: In July 2017, Stewart announced his candidacy for U.S. Senate.


title: Lois Maxwell

paragraphs: Lois Maxwell (born Lois Ruth Hooker, 14 February 1927 – 29 September 2007) was a Canadian actress. She was best known for her role of Miss Moneypenny in the first 14 "James Bond" movies (1962–1985). She was the first actress to play the part.


title: Belen, New Mexico

paragraphs: Belen (; ) is the second most populous city in Valencia County, New Mexico, United States, after its county seat Los Lunas. The population was 7,152 in 2015 census data.

paragraphs: Belen is Spanish for Bethlehem but gained the nickname "The Hub City".

paragraphs: Belen is at the southern end of the Albuquerque. The city is located 35 miles south of Albuquerque.


title: Los Lunas, New Mexico

paragraphs: Los Lunas is a village in Valencia County, New Mexico, in the United States. As of the 2010 census, the village population is 14,835. It is the county seat of Valencia County.

paragraphs: Los Lunas is part of the Albuquerque Metropolitan Statistical Area. The name "Los Lunas" is a partial Anglicization of the name of the Luna family, who originally settled in the area ("los Luna", in Spanish).


title: Bottineau, North Dakota

paragraphs: Bottineau is a city in Bottineau County, North Dakota, United States. It is the county seat of Bottineau County and is located just over south of the Canada–United States border. The city's population was 2,211 at the 2010 census.


title: Saleh Ali al-Sammad

paragraphs: 1 January 1979 – 19 April 2018) was a Yemeni political figure from the Houthi movement. He served as the president of Yemen's Supreme Political Council until his death.

paragraphs: On April 23, 2018, Houthi officials announced al-Sammad was killed in a Saudi-led coalition drone airstrike.


title: Kelly Brook

paragraphs: Kelly Brook (born 23 November 1979) is an British actress and television presenter, her first starring role was in the 2004 film "School for Seduction", for which she received positive reviews for her role. In 2004, she played character Nikki Morris in the video game "Need for Speed Underground 2", alongside Brooke Burke. In 2005, she appeared in the Philippe Vidal thriller "House of 9", and starred opposite Billy Zane in the film "Survival Island".

paragraphs: Brook was born and raised in Rochester, Kent as Kelly Ann Parsons, the daughter of Sandra Kelly, a cook, and Kenneth Parsons, a scaffolder. She has a younger brother, Damian, and an older half-sister, Sasha. Kenneth Parsons died, aged 57, in Rochester from lung cancer, on 26 November 2007, during Brook's time on "Strictly Come Dancing". Brook attended the Thomas Aveling School in Warren Wood, Rochester. In 1996 at the age of seventeen she appeared in the second series of "Fist of Fun", the BBC comedy show from Stewart Lee and Richard Herring as a schoolgirl in a series of sketches entitled 'Teachers' (one of her co-stars was the young Daniel Mays). She studied at the Italia Conti Academy of Theatre Arts in London for three years during this time before becoming a professional model at the age of 16.


title: Bunschoten

paragraphs: Bunschoten is a village in the province Utrecht, the Netherlands. Bunschoten is also called Bunschoten-spakenburg because the two villages Bunschoten and Spakenburg “grew” into each other. Bunschoten was in the early ages a farmers village and Spakenburg a fishers village.


title: Acquaviva (San Marino)

paragraphs: Acquaviva (literally "living water") is one of the 9 communes or "castelli" of San Marino.

paragraphs: Acquaviva had 2,137 people on 30 June 2014. It covers . It borders the San Marino municipalities Borgo Maggiore and San Marino and the Italian municipalities San Leo and Verucchio.

paragraphs: Acquaviva was annexed to San Marino in 1243.


title: Pentahedron

paragraphs: In geometry a pentahedron is a polyhedron of five faces. With regular polygon faces, there are two types:


title: Oscar Furlong

paragraphs: Oscar Alberto Furlong (October 22, 1927 – June 11, 2018) was an Argentine basketball player, tennis player and tennis coach. He was born in Buenos Aires, Argentina.

paragraphs: As a basketball player, he was a FIBA World Cup champion in 1950, who also competed at the 1948 Summer Olympics, and at the 1952 Summer Olympics. Furlong was inducted into the FIBA Hall of Fame, in September 2007.

paragraphs: Following his basketball retirement, he played tennis. He was the coach of the Argentine Davis Cup team. In 1977, his last year as a tennis coach, his team reached the semifinals of the 1977 Davis Cup.

paragraphs: Furlong died on June 11, 2018 in Buenos Aires at the age of 90.


title: Interstate 87

paragraphs: Interstate 87 may refer to two Interstate Highways in the United States:


title: Denison Dam

paragraphs: Denison Dam, also known as Lake Texoma Dam, is a dam on the Red River between Texas and Oklahoma. The job of the dam is to control flood waters. It also makes a water supply and energy from hydroelectricity. The dam controls the Red River and provides a place where people can have fun in the water.

paragraphs: Denison Dam was finished in 1943. At that time, it was the largest "rolled-earth fill dam" (a kind of dirt) in the world. The dam is named for Denison, Texas which is not far away. The dam's spillway is above sea level. Water has gotten high enough go into the spillway five times.

paragraphs: Denison Dam is made from of rolled-earth fill. It also produces 250,000 megawatt hours of electricity per year. The dam holds the Red River back to make Lake Texoma which has of water. The lake is used to give water to local towns and cities. The dam has 47 areas for people to have fun. The area around the lake has of land people can hunt on.

paragraphs: Oklahoma State Highway 91 and Texas State Highway 91 cross over the dam.


title: Acre foot

paragraphs: An acre-foot is a unit of volume used in the United States to measure large amounts of water resources. It makes measuring water in reservoirs, lakes, and rivers.

paragraphs: An acre-foot is the amount of water it would take to cover an acre of land with water deep. One acre-foot of water is the same as of water. It is about the same amount of water as a 8-lane, 25 m long competition swimming pool.

paragraphs: The typical American family uses about 1 acre-foot of water in a year or about per day. In some places in the deserts of the Southwestern United States, water conservation is a rule. In these ares, a normal family only uses 0.25 acre-feet of water per year.

paragraphs: Large amounts of water can also be in thousands of acre-feet or TAF.


title: Andropause

paragraphs: Andropause is when a man's sperm count gets lower in his 40s. This condition is also called penopause and late-onset hypogonadism. Other changes that happen are fewer erections and a lower libido.


title: Adam Laxalt

paragraphs: Adam Paul Laxalt (born August 31, 1978) is an American politician. He became the Attorney General of Nevada in 2015. He is a member of the Republican Party.

paragraphs: His father was New Mexico U.S. Senator Pete Domenici, but took his mother's last name Laxalt. Nevada Senator Paul Laxalt was his grandfather.

paragraphs: Laxalt was born in Reno, Nevada. He studied at Tulane University and at Georgetown University. He is a former Navy prosecutor.

paragraphs: In November 2017, Laxalt announced his candidacy for Governor of Nevada. He won the Republican nomination, but lost the general election to Democrat Steve Sisolak by nearly 5%.


title: Arkangel de la Muerte

paragraphs: Alfredo Pasillas (July 16, 1966 – June 13, 2018) was a Mexican masked professional wrestler. He was best known for his work in the Mexican professional wrestling promotion Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre (CMLL) under the ring name Arkangel de la Muerte. He was often called Arkangel, an worked under the ring name Mister Cid until 1991. His name means "Archangel of Death" in Spanish.

paragraphs: In the years leading up to his death he served as the head trainer at the school. His in ring career included reigns with the CMLL World Welterweight Championship and the Mexican National Welterweight Championship as well as winning the mask of Ángel Azteca.

paragraphs: He was a founding member of the groups "Pandilla Guerrera" and Los Guerreros Tuareg.

paragraphs: Pasillas died of a heart attack in Mexico City on June 13, 2018 at the age of 51.


title: Anne Donovan

paragraphs: Anne Theresa Donovan (November 1, 1961 – June 13, 2018) was an American women's basketball player and coach. From 2013 to 2015, she was the head coach of the Connecticut Sun. She was born in Ridgewood, New Jersey.

paragraphs: In her playing career, Donovan won two Olympic gold medals, and went to three Final Fours overall. She was honored in the Basketball Hall of Fame in 1995, and became a member of the FIBA Hall of Fame in 2015.

paragraphs: As a professional basketball coach, she guided the Seattle Storm to their first title in 2004, becoming the first woman to coach a WNBA Championship team (as well as the youngest person to coach a WNBA champion, at age 42).

paragraphs: After coaching the Indiana Fever and the Charlotte Sting earlier in her career, Donovan joined the New York Liberty as an assistant coach in the spring of 2009.

paragraphs: Donovan died on June 13, 2018 of heart failure at the age of 56.


title: Ridgewood, New Jersey

paragraphs: Ridgewood is a village in Bergen County, New Jersey, United States. As of the 2010 United States Census, the village population was 24,958. Ridgewood is a suburban bedroom community of New York City. It is about northwest of Manhattan.

paragraphs: Ridgewood was ranked 26th in "Money" magazine's "Best Places to Live" in America, 2011.


title: John O. Pastore

paragraphs: John Orlando Pastore (March 17, 1907July 15, 2000) was an American lawyer and politician. He was a member of the Democratic Party. Pastore served as a United States Senator from Rhode Island from 1950 to 1976. He served as the 61st Governor of Rhode Island from 1945 to 1950. He was the first Italian American to be elected as a senator.

paragraphs: Pastore was best known taking part in a 1969 hearing involving a $20 million grant for the funding of PBS. President Richard Nixon had wanted to cut the proposed funding to $10 million due to the demands of the Vietnam War. Fred Rogers, host of "Mister Rogers' Neighborhood", appeared before the committee to argue for the full $20 million. After hearing Rogers's testimony Pastore restored the funding. The following year's appropriation increased PBS funding from $9 million to $22 million.

paragraphs: Pastore won his final Senate race in 1970 by a 68%–32% margin over John McLaughlin. McLaughlin later became the host of the television program "The McLaughlin Group".

paragraphs: Pastore died in Cranston, Rhode Island on July 15, 2000 of kidney failure at the age of 93.


title: Messier 32

paragraphs: Messier 32 (also known as NGC 221) is a dwarf "early-type" galaxy about 2.65 million light-years from Earth. It is seen in the constellation Andromeda.

paragraphs: M32 is a satellite galaxy of the large Andromeda Galaxy (M31). It was discovered by Guillaume Le Gentil in 1749. M32 measures 6.5 ± 0.2 thousand light-years in diameter at the widest point.

paragraphs: The galaxy is a compact elliptical galaxy type. Compact ellipticals are rather rare.

paragraphs: Half the stars are inside an effective radius of only 100 parsecs.

paragraphs: Densities in the central area increase steeply, over 3×10 M pc as seen by the HST. The half-light radius of this central star cluster is around 6 parsec. In other words, this small centre of the galaxy emits half the light of the central 100 parsecs.

paragraphs: Like more ordinary elliptical galaxies, M32 contains mostly older faint red and yellow stars with practically no dust or gas and consequently no current star formation. It does, however, show hints of star formation in the relatively recent past.

paragraphs: Its mass is between 1.5 and 5 million solar masses.


title: Barnard's galaxy

paragraphs: Barnard's galaxy (also known as NGC 6822, IC 4895, or Caldwell 57) is an irregular barred spiral galaxy. It is about 1.6 million light-years away, in the constellation Sagittarius.

paragraphs: The galaxy is part of the Local Group of galaxies. It was discovered by E.E. Barnard in 1884 with a six-inch refractor telescope.

paragraphs: The galaxy is one of the closest to the Milky Way. It is similar in structure and makeup to the Small Magellanic Cloud. It is about 7,000 light-years in diameter.

paragraphs: The galaxy is famous because it is where cepheid variables were used to find out how far away the galaxy was. Edwin Hubble found 11 cepheid variable stars, and used them to find the distance to the galaxy. This settled a great debate in the 1920s about the scale of the universe and the nature of spiral galaxies. It became clear that all "spiral nebulae" were in fact spiral "galaxies". They are far outside our own Milky Way.


title: Sushil Kumar Modi

paragraphs: Sushil Kumar Modi (born 5 January 1952) is an Indian politician from the Bharatiya Janata Party who is serving as Deputy Chief Minister of Bihar since 27 July 2017. Previously he was Deputy Chief Minister and Finance Minister of Bihar from 2005 to 2013. He is a lifelong member of the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh. He was appointed the Chairman of the Empowered Committee of State Finance Ministers for the Implementation of Goods and Service Tax in July 2011.

paragraphs: Sushil Modi was born on 5 January 1952 in a Marwari (Vaishya Bania) family. His father was Moti Lal Modi and his mother was Ratna Devi. He has done BSc from B N College, Patna. He graduated Patna Science College and did Botany Hons in 1973. Later he left MSc Botany Course in Patna University, to join social movement started by Jai Prakash Narayan.

paragraphs: In 1990, he joined active politics and successfully contested from Patna Central Assembly (now known as Kumhrar (Vidhan Sabha constituency)). He was re-elected in 1995 & 2000. In 1990, he was made the Chief Whip of the BJP Bihar Legislature Party. From 1996 till 2004 he was the Leader of Opposition in the State Assembly. He filed the Public Interest Litigation (PIL) in the Patna High Court against Lalu Prasad Yadav, which was later known as Fodder Scam. He became a member of Lok Sabha in 2004 representing the constituency of Bhagalpur.

paragraphs: He was the Minister for Parliamentary Affairs in a short lived Nitish Kumar government in 2000. He supported the formation of the State of Jharkhand.

paragraphs: In 2005 Bihar election, NDA came to power and Modi was elected the leader of Bihar BJP Legislature Party. He subsequently resigned from the Lok Sabha and took over as the Deputy Chief Minister of Bihar. He was given the Finance Portfolio along with a number of other departments. After NDA victory in 2010 Bihar elections, he continued to be the Deputy Chief Minister of Bihar. Modi did not contest the 2005 and 2010 Bihar Assembly elections to be able to campaign for BJP.

paragraphs: In 2017, Sushil Modi was the main player behind the fall of the JDU-RJD Grand Alliance government in Bihar, with his continuous tirade against RJD chief Lalu Prasad and his family for four months over his alleged benami properties and irregular financial transactions.


title: Bilat Paswan Vihangam

paragraphs: Bilat Paswan, who writes under the nome de plume, Vihangam, was an Indian writer and politician, known for his writings in Hindi & Maithili literature. He is a former chairman of Bihar Public Service Commission & former chairman of Bihar Inter University Board. Born in 1940 to Bhutai Paswan in Bihar, he represented Rajnagar (Vidhan Sabha constituency) at the Bihar Legislative Assembly for two terms in 1968 and 1972 & Khajauli (Vidhan Sabha constituency) at the Bihar Legislative Assembly for two terms in 1985 and 1990, running under Indian National Congress candidature, defeating Ram Lakhan Ram of the Communist Party of India on both the elections. He also ran in two elections unsuccessfully, in 1980 and 2000. The Government of India awarded him the fourth highest civilian honour of the Padma Shri, in 2005, for his contributions to literature.


title: Cheerleader effect

paragraphs: The Cheerleader effect, or group attractiveness effect is a kind of cognitive bias: People who are part of a group are seen as more attractive, than those who aren't. This observation is valid for both men and women. The effect was first described in a study done 2013, and the result is backed up by one of 2015.

paragraphs: Showing the effect may be difficult: The study done in 2015 was repeated, but did not show the same result. According to the research team, this may be due to cultural differences, since the new study was performed in Japan.


title: Patna Junction railway station

paragraphs: Patna Junction, station code "PNBE", is a major railway station in the capital city of Patna in the Indian state of Bihar. Located in heart of the city, it is the main railway station serving Patna. It falls under the Danapur division of the East Central Railway zone of the Indian Railways. Patna Junction is one of the busiest railway stations of the country.

paragraphs: The Patna Junction railway station is connected to most of the major cities in India by the railway network.

paragraphs: Patna lies in between New Delhi and Kolkata which is one of the busiest rail routes in India. Patna has trains running frequently to Delhi and Kolkata. The city is a major railway hub and has six major stations: Patna Junction, Rajendranagar Terminal, Gulzarbagh Station, Danapur railway station, Patliputra Junction and Patna Sahib Station. Patna is well connected with Gaya, Jehanabad Biharsharif, Rajgir, Islampur through daily passenger and express train services.


title: Donaueschingen

paragraphs: Donaueschingen is a German town in the Black Forest in the southwest of the state of Baden-Württemberg in the Schwarzwald-Baar district.

paragraphs: It stands near the confluence of the two sources of the river Danube (in ; the town's name is an eponym).

paragraphs: Donaueschingen stands in a basin within low mountainous terrain. It is about south of Villingen-Schwenningen, west of Tuttlingen, and about north of the Swiss town of Schaffhausen. It is the second largest town in the district ("Kreis") of Schwarzwald-Baar. The location of the town is favourable for its role as a regional rail hub.

paragraphs: Donaueschingen has partnerships with the following cities:


title: Open set

paragraphs: In set theory an open set is a set where all elements have the same properties.


title: Reinhard Hardegen

paragraphs: "Korvettenkapitän" Reinhard Hardegen (18 March 1913 – 9 June 2018) was a German U-boat commander during World War II, oil businessman and politician. He was born in Bremen, Germany. He was the last surviving Ace of the Deep member. He was the 24th-most-successful commander of the war, known for sinking 22 ships.

paragraphs: After the war, he spent a year and a half in British captivity before starting a successful oil trading business and serving as a member of Bremen's city council (the "Bürgerschaft") from 1959 to 1979.

paragraphs: Hardegen turned 100 in March 2013. He died in Bremen on 9 June 2018 of respiratory failure at the age of 105.


title: Charles Vinci

paragraphs: Charles Thomas Vinci Jr. (February 28, 1933 – June 13, 2018) was an American weightlifter and Olympic champion.

paragraphs: He was born in Cleveland, Ohio. He won gold medals at the 1955 and 1959 Pan American games. He won a gold medal at the 1956 Summer Olympics in Melbourne, with a world-record three-lift (snatch, clean and jerk, overhead press) total of . He won gold again at the 1960 Summer Olympics in Rome.


title: Robert Downey Sr.

paragraphs: Robert John Downey Sr. (born Robert Elias Jr.; June 24, 1936) is an American movie director, screenwriter and actor. He is the father of actor Robert Downey Jr.. Downey Sr. is best known for writing and directing the underground movie "Putney Swope". He retired in 2013. Downey Sr. was born in New York City. Downey Sr. starred in "Johnny Be Good", "Hail Caesar" and "Tower Heist".


title: Stanislav Govorukhin

paragraphs: Stanislav Sergeyevich Govorukhin PAR (; 29 March 1936 – 14 June 2018) was a Russian movie director, screenwriter, politician and actor. He was born in Berezniki, Russian SFSR, Soviet Union. For directing, he was known for the movie "The Meeting Place Cannot Be Changed". In screenwriting, he was known for "Voroshilov Sharpshooter". In acting, he was known for his roles as Commander in "Encore, Once More Encore!" and as Zosima in "Heads and Tails".

paragraphs: Govorukhin was a member of the State Duma from 1993 until his death in 2018 serving as a conservative member of the Democratic Party of Russia. He ran for President of Russia as an Independent in the 2000 presidential election, but lost to Vladimir Putin. In the 2000s, he worked for the Putin administration and election campaigns. He was a supporter of Putin.

paragraphs: Govorukhin died on 14 June 2018 in Barvikha, Russia of a heart attack at the age of 82.


title: Louis Sachar

paragraphs: Louis Sachar ( ; born March 20, 1954) is an American children's book author. His best known books are the "Wayside School" series and the award-winner, "Holes" novel.

paragraphs: "Holes" won the 1998 U.S. National Book Award for Young People's Literature and the 1999 Newbery Medal for the year's "most distinguished contribution to American literature for children". In 2013 it was ranked number six among all-time children's novels in a survey published by "School Library Journal".

paragraphs: Louis Sachar was born in East Meadow, New York United States.


title: Alexander Rutskoy

paragraphs: Alexander Vladimirovich Rutskoy (; born 16 September 1947) is a Russian politician and a former Soviet military officer.

paragraphs: Rutskoy served as the only Vice President of Russia from 10 July 1991 to 4 October 1993, and as the Governor of Kursk Oblast from 1996 to 2000. In the Russian constitutional crisis of 1993, he was made acting President of Russia, in opposition to President Boris Yeltsin.


title: Wheeler Winston Dixon

paragraphs: Wheeler Winston Dixon (born March 12, 1950) is an American movie director, critic, screenwriter, historian and scholar. He is an expert on movie history.

paragraphs: From 1999 through the end of 2014, he was co-editor, along with Gwendolyn Audrey Foster, of the "Quarterly Review of Film and Video." He is thought to be as a top reviewer of movies alongside Roger Ebert. In addition, he is known as a filmmaker, and the "Museum of Modern Art" exhibited his works in 2003.

paragraphs: Dixon taught at Rutgers University, The New School in New York, the University of Amsterdam in the Netherlands, and is currently the Ryan professor of movie studies and English at the University of Nebraska in Lincoln.


title: Pedro Pascal

paragraphs: José Pedro Balmaceda Pascal (born April 2, 1975), known professionally as Pedro Pascal, is a Chilean-American actor. He is best known for playing the roles of Oberyn Martell in the the HBO series "Game of Thrones" and Javier Peña in the Netflix series "Narcos".

paragraphs: In March 2018, Pascal was cast in the DC Extended Universe movie "Wonder Woman 1984" (2019) as Maxwell Lord.


title: 25 Canada Square

paragraphs: Citigroup Centre is a building complex in London. It houses Citigroup's EMEA headquarters and is located in Canary Wharf in the city's Docklands. The centre provides of floor space across two merged buildings - 33 Canada Square (known as "CGC1") and 25 Canada Square (known as "CGC2"), and houses the bulk of Citi's UK employee base. Together, both buildings form the Citigroup Centre complex.

paragraphs: 25 Canada Square, or Citigroup Centre 2, stands at and, alongside HSBC Tower (with which it was built in tandem), is the joint 4th-tallest building in the United Kingdom (behind The Shard, One Canada Square and Heron Tower). Designed by César Pelli & Associates, construction of the 45-storey tower - undertaken by Canary Wharf Contractors - began in 1998 and was completed in 2001, with Citigroup leasing the building from the outset. The building was bought by RBS in 2004 along with 5 Canada Square (leased to Bank of America) for $1.12 billion. Subsequently, on 2 July 2007, CGC2 was individually sold to a joint venture between Quinlan Private and PropInvest for £1 billion (US$2 billion). Citigroup pay £46.5 million a year in rent for the tower, generating a yield of 4.6% to the owners. The east facing side of 25 Canada Square up to level 40 is configured for use by tenants.

paragraphs: 33 Canada Square, or Citigroup Centre 1, is the smaller of the two buildings in the complex, designed by Norman Foster and completed in 1999, two years before its neighbour. At tall, the building is made up of eighteen floors, all of which are adjoined to their equivalent floors in 25 Canada Square. The building is owned by Citigroup, and was built before the completion of the Jubilee line extension in late 1999.

paragraphs: In addition to main entrances from both Canada Square and Upper Bank Street, Citigroup Centre is also accessible via underground walkways from Canada Place shopping mall and Canary Wharf London Underground station - served by the Jubilee line. The centre is also close to DLR stations Canary Wharf and Heron Quays, which provide connections with the City, London City Airport and surrounding areas.


title: Janny Sikazwe

paragraphs: Janny Sikazwe (born 26 May 1979) is a Zambian teacher and also an international football referee. He was one of the referees for the AFCON 2015, and he was the referee at the 2016 FIFA Club World Cup Final in Japan and also at 2017 AFCON final in Gabon.


title: Deinococcus–Thermus

paragraphs: Deinococcus–Thermus is a phylum of extremophile bacteria that are highly resistant to environmental hazards.

paragraphs: These bacteria have thick cell walls that give them gram-positive stains, and they have a second membrane. They are are closer in structure to that of gram-negative bacteria.

paragraphs: Cavalier-Smith calls this clade Hadobacteria (from Hades, the Greek underworld).


title: Radioresistance

paragraphs: Radioresistance is a property of some living things. It means they can resist the effects of gamma radiation, ultra-violet radiation, and similar types of radiation. A good example is the bacterium "Deinococcus radiodurans". It has enzymes which repair the DNA strands which have been split by the radiation.


title: Andaman Islands

paragraphs: The Andaman Islands are an archipelago and form a part of the Indian union territory of Andaman and Nicobar Islands. The archipelago is located in the Bay of Bengal, off the eastern coast of the country. The closest landmass to these islands is the country of Myanmar to the north of it. There are 572 islands, about 36 of which are inhabited. Andaman islands is a prime location for tourism.

paragraphs: The economy of Andaman is based on fishing and agriculture. Andaman also has other natural resources. Handicrafts, timber, wildlife and the tourism are important.

paragraphs: Being an island region, the major part of Andaman’s economy is fishing industry. Varieties used include Ocellaris Clownfish, mackerels, barracuda, mullets, tuna, sardines and flying fishes, and seashells.

paragraphs: Agriculture and food production changed in recent times, with the government bringing in special provisions to increase productivity on the limited land available. The crops grown here are seasonal vegetables, oilseeds, pulses, pepper, nutmeg, cinnamon, red oil, rubber, palm and cashew nuts.

paragraphs: Tourism brings lot of activity to the Andamans. Andaman is seen as a destination for honeymooners, with the next image being a tropical island with a variety of water sports available here. Also, travel has promoted other great industries in the area as well, like the banking sector, wildlife regions, handicrafts, shipping etc.

paragraphs: About 200,000 visitors came to enjoy the beaches and tropical climate in 2010. Havelock Island and Jolly Buoy are two places famous for their pristine patches of coral, making these one of the best dive spots in the region. Havelock Island is considered a heaven for beach lovers. The Radhanagar beach on Havelock was ranked as Asia’s best by the TimeTM, and was placed amongst the top seven beaches of the world as well.

paragraphs: The total population of Andaman, as per the census of 2011, was 356,152. Of the total population 53.25% were male, and 46.75% were the female. Major languages spoken here are Hindi, Nicobarese, Bengali, Tamil, Malayalam and Telugu. The variety of languages may have been caused by the establishment of a penal colony here during british rule. The British brought in slaves and forced labourers, as well as prisoners here. These people stayed to make this place their home, resulting in such a divere population.

paragraphs: The aboriginal Andamanese people are a small minority of the population, less than 1000 people. Out of the original ten tribes who inhabited the islands, only about four are still in existence. These are:


title: Alpine County, California

paragraphs: Alpine County, officially the County of Alpine, is a county in the U.S. state of California. As of the 2010 census, the population was 1,175. making it California's least populous county. The county seat is the census-designated place of Markleeville. There are no incorporated cities in the county.

paragraphs: Alpine County is in the Sierra Nevada, between Lake Tahoe and Yosemite National Park.

paragraphs: The county was founded on March 16, 1864.


title: Jan Mayensfield

paragraphs: Jan Mayensfield () is an aerodrome or airfield in Jan Mayen, Norway. It is run by the Norwegian Armed Forces. The aerodrome serves both the civilians and the military on the island. The airfield was opened in 1960. The runway is made of dirt and is long. The runway is labeled 06-24.

paragraphs: Eight times a year, a Lockheed C-130 Hercules from the 335 Squadron from Bodø Main Air Station brings supplies and new people. Landing safely can be difficult because the volcano nearby called Beerenberg causes wind vortexes.

paragraphs: The airfield was made by the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) and the Norwegian Armed Forces. They started to work on the airfield in 1958. To make the work easier, the workers made the runway from a existing dirt road. The first airplane to land at the airfield was a Consolidated PBY Catalina on September 17, 1960.

paragraphs: The first non-military aircraft to land at the airfield was a Douglas DC-4 which brought journalists on October 29, 1961. Grumman HU-16 Albatrosses and the Douglas DC-6s have also landed at the airfield. The airfield was named after movie star Jayne Mansfield as a joke, but the name stuck.

paragraphs: In 1970, the volcano called Beerenberg erupted and all the people were evacuated. A C-130 was sent to the island to get the people and was able to land on the dirt runway. More and more supplies were delivered by aircraft after that. Most supplies were delivered by ship.

paragraphs: The C-130 from the Royal Norwegian Air Force visits the island only eight times a year. The runway is not open for regular commercial use. The runway can be used for research and search and rescue.

paragraphs: The dirt runway is . One end of the runway points to 060 degrees on a compass and the other end points to 240 degrees.

paragraphs: The Jan Mayensfield airdrome's weather can change a lot. It is often foggy. Kármán vortexes can make the winds quickly change direction.

paragraphs: IN 1991, a C-130 aircraft almost crashed after take off due to the wind shifting.

paragraphs: A World War II plane crashed near where the airfield was built.


title: Kiyonori Kikutake

paragraphs: Kikutake was born in 1928 in Kurume, Japan. He graduated from Waseda University in 1950.

paragraphs: Kikutake's most important work is his "Marine City" project in 1958. This project became part of the Metabolist Manifesto at the World Design Conference in Tokyo in 1960. Kenzo Tange and Kisho Kurokawa were asked to show work at the "Visionary Architecture" exhibition in New York of 1961. This made the Metabolists known internationally.

paragraphs: He became assistant professor at Waseda University in 1959 in the Faculty of Science and Engineering. He became a professor at Chiba Institute of Technology in 1989. He returned to Waseda from 1993-1998 as a visiting professor in the Research Institute for Science and Engineering.

paragraphs: Kikutake worked until he died in 2011. He designed several important public buildings in Japan. He also taught internationally. He was President and then Honorary President of the Japan Institute of Architects.

paragraphs: Kikutake won many awards both in Japan and internationally. These include the Japan Academy of Architecture Prize (1970) and the UIA (Union Internationale des Architectes) Auguste Perret Prize (1978).


title: Mu Cephei

paragraphs: Mu Cephei, also known as Herschel's Garnet Star due to its red, garnet-like color, is a red hypergiant star in the Cepheus constellation. With a radius of 1,420 solar radii, or a diameter of 1,977,000,000 kilometers, it is one of the largest stars known. Mu Cephei is also the "prototype" of the semiregular variable star type.


title: Enoch zu Guttenberg

paragraphs: Enoch zu Guttenberg, (29 July 1946 – 15 June 2018) was a German conductor. He also owned the large winery estate Weingut Reichsrat von Buhl. He was born in Guttenberg, Bavaria, Germany. He was a member of the House of Guttenberg.

paragraphs: Guttenberg died on 15 June 2018 at the age of 71.


title: Sonia Scurfield

paragraphs: Sonia Scurfield, B.A (née Onishenko; September 19, 1928 – June 14, 2018) was a Canadian businesswoman. She was a co-owner of the Calgary Flames hockey team from 1985 to 1994. She became only the second woman, and the only Canadian woman, to have her name engraved on the Stanley Cup when the Calgary Flames won the National Hockey League championship in 1989. She was born in Hafford, Saskatchewan.

paragraphs: Scurfield died from stomach cancer on June 14, 2018 in Calgary, Alberta at the age of 89.


title: Mongi Kooli

paragraphs: Mongi Kooli (March 15, 1930 – June 14, 2018) was a Tunisian politician and diplomat. He joined the Socialist Destourian Party. He was the governor of the Jendouba Governorate and the Bizerte Governorate. He was the Tunisian Health Minister in 1976–1977. Kooli was born in Ksar Hellal, Tunisia.

paragraphs: Kooli died on June 14, 2018 in Gammarth, Tunisia from complications of gallbladder cancer at the age of 88.


title: Fazlullah (militant leader)

paragraphs: Fazal Hayat (1974 – 14 June 2018), more commonly known by his pseudonym Fazlullah (), was a militant. He served as the leader of the Tehreek-e-Nafaz-e-Shariat-e-Mohammadi. He was the leader of the Tehreek-e-Taliban-e-Pakistan in Swat Valley.

paragraphs: On 7 November 2013, he became the emir of the Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan, and presided over the descent of the group into factions who are often at war with each other. Fazlullah was added to the U.S. State Department's Rewards for Justice wanted list on March 7, 2018.

paragraphs: On 14 June 2018, Fazlullah was killed in an American drone Strike in Kunar Province, Afghanistan at the age of 43-44.


title: Vincent R. Gray

paragraphs: Vincent Richard Gray (24 March 1922 – 14 June 2018) was a British-born New Zealand chemist. He was a founder of the New Zealand Climate Science Coalition. He was born in London. He was known for being a critic of global warming.

paragraphs: Gray was featured on the Australian Broadcasting Corporation program Counterpoint in a debate entitled "Nine Lies about Global Warming". In 2002, Gray also published a book, "The Greenhouse Delusion: A Critique of "Climate Change 2001"".

paragraphs: Gray died in Petone, New Zealand of pneumonia on 14 June 2018, aged 96.


title: Frank Bresee

paragraphs: Frank Bresee (August 20, 1929 – June 5, 2018) was an American radio personality and historian. Bresee was born in Los Angeles, California. He hosted the "Golden Days Of Radio" program which began in 1949 and aired on the Armed Forces Radio Network from 1967 to 1995.

paragraphs: Bresee died on June 5, 2018 of complications from dementia at the age of 88.


title: Richard Hadlee

paragraphs: Sir Richard John Hadlee (born 3 July 1951) is a New Zealand former cricketer. He is thought to be one of the greatest fast bowlers and all-rounders in cricketing history. He was born in St Albans, New Zealand.

paragraphs: Hadlee was appointed MBE in 1980 and knighted in 1990 for services to cricket. In December 2002, he was chosen by Wisden as the second greatest Test bowler of all time.

paragraphs: On 3 April 2009, Sir Richard Hadlee was inducted into the ICC Cricket Hall of Fame.

paragraphs: In June 2018, Hadlee was diagnosed with bowel cancer and underwent tumour removal surgery.


title: Jerry Butler

paragraphs: Jerry "Iceman" Butler, Jr. (born December 8, 1939) is an American Hall of Fame singer-songwriter, musician, television presenter and politician. He was born in Sunflower, Mississippi. He is a guitarist, pianist, drummer and saxophonist. His genres include funk, soul and R&B. He was raised in Cabrini–Green, Chicago.

paragraphs: He is known as being the original lead singer of the R&B vocal group The Impressions. He serves as a Commissioner for Cook County, Illinois, having first been elected in 1985 as a Democrat. As a member of this 17-member county board, he chairs the Health and Hospitals Committee, and serves as Vice Chair of the Construction Committee.

paragraphs: In 1991, Butler was added to the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame along with other The Impressions' members.

paragraphs: In his last election, Butler won reelection in March 2014 with over 80 percent of the vote. Butler will not seek re-election to the board in 2018.

paragraphs: In recent years, he has served as host of PBS TV music specials such as "Doo Wop 50" and "51", "Rock Rhythm and Doo Wop", and "Soul Spectacular: 40 years of R&B", among others. He has also served as chairman of the board of the Rhythm and Blues Foundation.


title: 2019 Chicago mayoral election

paragraphs: An election for Mayor of Chicago in which the first round was held on February 26, 2019. Since no candidate received a majority of votes, a runoff election will be held on April 2, 2019. Incumbent Rahm Emanuel was able to run for a third term, as there are no term limits for the office of Mayor of Chicago, but on September 4, 2018 declined to seek a third term.

paragraphs: Emanuel was first elected in 2011, when he took 55.19% of the vote in a four candidate field. He was reelected in 2015, receiving 55.7% of the vote in the runoff election.

paragraphs: The total of fourteen candidates on the mayoral ballot is record-setting for Chicago mayoral elections.

paragraphs: In the first round election, Lori Lightfoot and Toni Preckwinkle advanced to the runoff election. Lightfoot was elected in a victory landslide, becoming the first African-American woman mayor of Chicago, Lori Lightfoot will also be the first openly LGBT Mayor of Chicago. Lightfoot won all fifty of the city's wards.


title: Sunflower, Mississippi

paragraphs: Sunflower is a town in Sunflower County, Mississippi. The population was 696 at the 2000 census.

paragraphs: As of the census of 2000, there were 696 people, 229 households, and 166 families residing in the town. The median income for a household in the town was $21,842, and the median income for a family was $23,750.

paragraphs: Musicians Matt Murphy and Jerry Butler were born here.


title: Bose gas

paragraphs: Bose gas is a concept in quantum mechanics.

paragraphs: Classical mechanics has a concept called ideal gas. This concept describes how a gas usually behaves, in different settings. A bose gas is the analogous concept in quantum mechanics.

paragraphs: A bose gas is made of bosons with a positive spin value. These bosons also follow the Bose-Einstein statistics. The statistical mechanics of bosons were developed by Satyendra Nath Bose for photons. Albert Einstein extended the theory, when he realized that an ideal gas of bosons would form a condensate at a low enough temperature. This condensate is known as a Bose–Einstein condensate. This is not the case with a classical ideal gas.


title: 2018 FIFA World Cup disciplinary record

paragraphs: In the 2018 FIFA World Cup, which is taking place in Russia from 14 June to 15 July 2018, the main disciplinary actions taken against players come in the form of red and yellow cards.


title: Aram Shah

paragraphs: Aram Shah was the second king of the Mamluk dynasty. The Mamluk dynasty was the first dynasty of the Delhi Sultanate. He ruled the dynasty from 1210 to 1211.

paragraphs: Aram Shah was not a good ruler. The forty nobles group, Chihalgani called Iltutmish to rule over the dynasty. Iltutmish defeated Aram Shah in the war. He also became the next king of the dynasty.


title: Katie Harman

paragraphs: Katie Marie Harman (born August 18, 1980) is an American classical vocalist and actress. She was Miss America 2002. Before that, she was Miss Oregon 2001.

paragraphs: After her pageant career, Harman worked as a singer and actress. She appeared in various stage productions in the United States. In 2001, on the Saturday after the September 11 attacks, Harman was chosen as Miss America.


title: Markleeville, California

paragraphs: Markleeville (formerly, Markleville) is a census-designated place (CDP) in California, United States. It is the county seat of Alpine County. The population was 210 at the 2010 census, up from 197 at the 2000 census.


title: Amador County, California

paragraphs: Amador County, officially the County of Amador, is a county in the U.S. state of California, in the Sierra Nevada. As of the 2010 census, the population was 38,091. The county seat is Jackson.


title: Norma Bessouet

paragraphs: Norma Bessouet (October 15, 1940 – June 11, 2018) was an Argentine painter and sculptor. Bessouet's work was mainly about around portraits, domesticity and the female nude. Her paintings were abstract in their style and she also created equally as abstract wooden dolls. She was born in Buenos Aires.

paragraphs: Bessouet lived and worked in New York City. She died of breast cancer in Buenos Aires on June 11, 2018 at the age of 77.


title: Wayne Flynt

paragraphs: James Wayne Flynt (born October 4, 1940) is an American educator, editor and historian. He was born in Pontotoc, Mississippi. He is Professor Emeritus in the Department of History at Auburn University. He has won many teaching awards and been a Distinguished University Professor for many years.

paragraphs: His research focuses on Southern culture, Alabama politics, Southern religion, education reform, and poverty. He is Editor-in-Chief of the Online "Encyclopedia of Alabama".

paragraphs: He was a longtime friend of Harper Lee, the author of "To Kill a Mockingbird" and gave the eulogy at her funeral.


title: Beavis and Butt-Head Do America

paragraphs: Beavis and Butt-Head Do America is an American 1996 comedy and adventure movie. Beavis and Butt-head are the main characters in the movie. They're played by Mike Judge. The teenage boys are from the fictional town of Highland, Texas.

paragraphs: After a dream of the two of them terrorizing the city as giants, Beavis and Butt-Head wake up and realize somebody has stolen their television. The pair then go on a mission to find the stolen television. After several accidents, they visit a low-quality motel that says "TVs in every room". There, they meet a man named Muddy Grimes. Grimes is waiting for two hired hitmen to murder his wife Dallas. They're later found to be the same people who stole the television. Muddy thinks that the "killers" are younger than he originally thought. He says they must "do" (in other words: murder) his wife. But the boys think that by "do", Muddy actually made a euphemism for performing sex on his wife. Butt-Head convinces Beavis both of them can "score" (in other words: have sex) "and" get paid enough money for buying a new television. Grimes then gives Beavis and Butt-Head a photo of Dallas with instructions on where to find her. Then, Grimes drives them to the airport to get on an airplane to Las Vegas, Nevada.

paragraphs: After arriving at the casino where they're staying, Beavis and Butt-Head are arrested by security. But then they're taken to their rooms. Their room was purchased by Muddy to be next to Dallas' room. The two boys come in. Dallas then realizes they have no idea what they were hired for. Beavis and Butt-Head begin fighting over who will "do" her first. Dallas gets arrested by police. But she thinks fast, and plants a stolen biological weapon, the X-5 Unit, in Beavis' pants just to get rid of it.

paragraphs: The next day, Beavis and Butt-Head are found by Muddy. He plans to kill them because they were not the hitmen he hired. But when he hears that Dallas will meet up with the duo in Washington, D.C., Muddy decides to take them the rest of the way in his trunk and hunt down Dallas. In the middle of Interstate 81 in Virginia, Butt-Head opens the car trunk by using a car jack. He and Beavis escape, though they cause a multiple-car accident. They casually walk past the scene and get back on the tour bus.

paragraphs: Beavis and Butt-Head stop at the Capitol. They finally reach the White House.

paragraphs: Butt-Head runs into Chelsea Clinton. He tries flirting with her. He's then pushed out a window. ATF agents hold him.

paragraphs: Beavis leaves the White House and goes to Mr. Anderson's trailer. But Anderson catches Beavis and kicks him out for "whacking off" (in other words, masturbating). The ATF spots Beavis walking around Anderson's camper. They're just about to shoot their guns. But Anderson opens the camper's door. He throws out Beavis' pants. The pants are ripped open by the ATF. The weapon flies from them. It lands safely in Butt-Head's hand and is recovered. Anderson is arrested, along with Dallas and Muddy.

paragraphs: Beavis and Butt-Head return to Highland, Texas. They find their television near the front of the motel. The movie ends as they insult one another and carry their TV into the sunset.

paragraphs: The movie went to theaters in North America on December 20, 1996. It made over $63.1 million at the U.S. box office. It opened at #1 with $20 million. The budget was $12 million.

paragraphs: As of September 2015, the movie had a 72% approval rating on Rotten Tomatoes, based on 54 reviews. On Metacritic, the movie has a 64 out of 100 rating, meaning "generally favorable reviews".

paragraphs: Roger Ebert and Gene Siskel gave the movie "two thumbs up".

paragraphs: The movie was released on VHS on June 10, 1997. It was released on DVD on November 23, 1999.


title: Liberation (Christina Aguilera album)

paragraphs: Liberation is the eighth studio album by American singer Christina Aguilera. It was released on June 15, 2018, by RCA Records. The album is Aguilera's first in nearly six years. She enlisted new producers to create a different sound, such as Ricky Reed and Kanye West.

paragraphs: Two singles have been released from the album: "Accelerate" featuring rappers Ty Dolla $ign and 2 Chainz, and "Fall in Line" featuring singer Demi Lovato. The ballad "Twice" was released as a promotional single.


title: Nova Odessa

paragraphs: Nova Odessa is a Brazilian city in the state of São Paulo. Its population in 2010 was 55.321 inhabitants. Its area is 73,3 km².


title: Nabil Fekir

paragraphs: Nabil Fekir (born 18 July 1993) is a French football player that plays for Olympique Lyonnais. He played in the 2018 FIFA World Cup.


title: Tekka Raja Badsha

paragraphs: Tekka Raja Badsha () is a Bengali television comedy drama that will begin streaming soon. It will air on the television channel called STAR Jalsha. The show will star Yuvraj Chowdhury, Somraj Maity, and Soumik Saha in lead roles.. The show is similar to the Hindi movie Amar Akbar Anthony which was directed by Manmohan Desai.


title: Inyo County, California

paragraphs: Inyo County is a county in the U.S. state of California. As of the 2010 census, the population was 18,546. The county seat is Independence.

paragraphs: Inyo County is on the east side of the Sierra Nevada. It is southeast of Yosemite National Park in Central California.


title: The Kaze

paragraphs: The Kaze (popularly known as Killa Klan Kaze) is an American hip hop group, formed in 1990 in the city of Memphis, Tennessee.

paragraphs: The group began in the early 1990s, along with members of Scan Man and K-Rock, who were later to be replaced by Project Pat (recently incarcerated at the time). The band shortened their name to The Kaze and released their first and only album, "Kamakazie Timez Up". The Kaze sold about 50,000 units independently since its release in 1998.

paragraphs: Collectively known as The Kaze, the three artists released the album with the production of . The album was to be the only project the group released together. After its release, MC Mack and Scan Man released their KamiKaze label and broke ties with Prophet Entertainment.

paragraphs: Tennessee's first great hip-hop artists, released their first album in 1998. After their second album sold well regionally, they signed with Lourd Records, which re-released All About My Hustle nationally in 2001. Their second album Universal was 2002's KamiKaze Up. At that point, they signed with DJ Paul's Scale-A-Ton, and also created their own label entitled Kami Kaze Inc. In 2003 they released their upcoming mixtape, Remastered, at Prophet Posse . In 2009, the group decided to leave the label on good terms.


title: Independence, California

paragraphs: Independence is a census-designated place (CDP) in Inyo County, California. It is the county seat of the county. The population was 669 at the 2010 census, up from 574 at the 2000 census.

paragraphs: Independence is south-southeast of Bishop. It is at an elevation of .


title: Abu Huzaifa al-Kanadi

paragraphs: Abu Huzaifa al-Kanadi is a self-described member of the Islamic State. He left Toronto in 2014 to join them before eventually returning back in 2016. It is unknown as to what his real name is, as he agreed to not reveal it on CBC. He sparked outrage after admitting on The New York Times that he murdered people while fighting for them. Numerous conservatives, such as Candice Bergen, called for action against him, as well as criticizing Justin Trudeau and the liberal government for refusing to arrest him.


title: Kyra Petrovskaya Wayne

paragraphs: Kyra Petrovskaya Wayne (December 31, 1918 – June 3, 2018) was a Russian-born American author. She was a sniper during World War II and a survivor of the Siege of Leningrad. She was the author of 14 books. She was a survivor of the Siege of Leningrad.

paragraphs: Wayne died in Kingston, Washington of respiratory failure on June 3, 2018 at the age of 99.


title: Kingston, Washington

paragraphs: Kingston (formerly Appletree Cove) is a census-designated place (CDP) in Kitsap County, Washington, United States. The population was 2,099 at the 2010 census.

paragraphs: Kingston is near the shores of Appletree Cove and the Puget Sound. It is home to a major Washington State Ferry linking it to Edmonds.