title: Stuart Highway

paragraphs: The Stuart Highway is one of Australia's major roads. It links Port Augusta, South Australia, with Darwin in the Northern Territory a distance of 2,834 km. It is named after the explorer John McDouall Stuart, and much of the road follows the route he took on his epic journey in 1862. The highway is promoted as a tourist attraction, called the "Explorer's Way". For many years in Australia it was simply known as "The Track". Towns on the highway include Marla, Coober Pedy, Alice Springs, Tennant Creek and Katherine.


title: Malva

paragraphs: Malva is a genus of about 25-30 species of plants commonly called mallows. It is the type genus in the family Malvaceae. Several species are widely grown as garden flowers, while some are invasive weeds,such as M. neglecta. The color mauve is named after the French name of the plant. The word Mallow comes from the old English "malwe" which was imported from the word "Malva".


title: Poinsettia

paragraphs: Poinsettia is a red and green plant popular at Christmas time. It grows in Mexico and Central America and is an important export for these countries. It belongs to the order Malpighiales.


title: Gold Coast (Florida)

paragraphs: The Gold Coast is a region on the southwestern coast of the U.S. state of Florida. It is between Tequesta and Florida City. It includes the cities of Miami and Fort Lauderdale, as well as West Palm Beach, Boca Raton, and Hollywood.


title: Erysipeloid

paragraphs: Erysipeloid is a mild disease caused by the bacterium Erysipelothrix. The only symptom is mild cellulitis. The disease is very rare and is seen in people who handle raw fish or meat.


title: Dipsacaceae

paragraphs: Dipsacaceae, or teasel family, was a family in the order Dipsacales. It contained 350 species of perennial or biennial herbs and shrubs. ("Perennial" means that a plant lives for two or more years. "Biennial" means that a plant takes two years to grow fully.) The family contained eleven (11) genera. It is in the family Caprifoliaceae now.

paragraphs: These plants live in most temperate climates. They are found in Europe, Asia, and Africa. The family contains these genera:


title: Venda language

paragraphs: Venda, also called ' or ', is a Bantu language and an official language of South Africa. Most Venda speakers live in South Africa, but some speakers live in Zimbabwe. The Venda language is very similar to the Kalanga language, which is spoken in Botswana and Zimbabwe. During the Apartheid era of South Africa, Venda speakers lived in the bantustan of Venda.

paragraphs: Venda is a language in the Bantu branch of the Niger-Congo language family.

paragraphs: Venda is spoken by about 666,000 people in the northern part of South Africa's Limpopo Province. Around 84,000 people in Zimbabwe also speak the language.

paragraphs: The Venda language uses the Latin alphabet. It has five (5) extra accented letters. Four consonants have a circumflex below the letter ("ḓ", "ḽ", "ṋ", "ṱ") and one consonant has an overdot ("ṅ").

paragraphs: The letters C, J, and Q are used when writing foreign words and names.

paragraphs: The extra letters have these Unicode names


title: Deinococcus radiodurans

paragraphs: Deinococcus radiodurans is a gram-positive, nonmotile, red-pigmented bacterium. It was originally identified as a contaminant of irradiated canned meat in 1956.

paragraphs: "Deinococcus radiodurans" has the systems for DNA repair, DNA damage export and genetic redundancy. It can recover from desiccation (loss of water) and starvation. It has a very high tolerance to radiation forms like gamma radiation. It is so far known as the most radioactive resistant organism. Thioredoxin reductase is an enzyme found in the cells' response to double-strand DNA breaks.

paragraphs: "D. radiodurans has" a gene sequence that encodes for a protein that is very similar to the RecD enzyme found in "E. coli". This significant finding suggests that this RecD-like protein in "D. radiodurans" is an important part of the repair system it uses.

paragraphs: It may be possible to make other bacteria as radiation resistant as "D. radiodurans" by changing their genetics. One research team in China is trying to insert an expressive recombinant Mn-SOD protein from "D. radiodurans" into "E.coli" BL21. The real challenge here is making the protein self-sustaining in the new species. The team has "provided the foundations for further studies and applications of the recombinant Mn-SOD".

paragraphs: The genus "Deinococcus" has 47 species, which share these characteristics. "D. radiodurans" is the one discovered first, and on which most experiments have been done. All members of the genus are radio-resistant.


title: Karl Zankl

paragraphs: Karl Zankl († 3 October 1945) was an Austrian football player and coach.

paragraphs: He played for Cricketer, Polizei SV and Wiener Sport-Club as midfielder. With Sport-Club he became Austrian champion 1922 and Cup winner 1923. During the Second World War he was engaged in a resistance group against the nazis. At the end of the war he tried to reestablish the Austrian Football Federation (ÖFB). He also formed a national football team and became the first coach of the post war aera. He also was the first president of the Vienna Football association after the World War.


title: Menindee, New South Wales

paragraphs: Menindee is a small town on the banks of the Darling River in New South Wales, Australia. It is 1,271 km west of the state capital, Sydney. There are about 980 people who live in Menindee. The explorer Major Thomas Mitchell was the first Europen to visit the area in 1835. He named the lakes in the area Laidley Ponds. A hotel was built by Tom Paine in 1853, which became an important supply base for the Burke and Wills expedition in 1860.


title: Adelaide River

paragraphs: The Adelaide River is in the Northern Territory of Australia. It starts in the Lichfield National Park and flows into the sea at Clarence Strait, about 50 km northeast of Darwin. The river is about 253 km in length. It is well known for its Saltwater Crocodiles.

paragraphs: Europeans first explored the river in 1839 when a British sailor, Ben Helpmann, explored it by boat.


title: Eduard Bauer

paragraphs: Eduard "Edi" Bauer (* 13 February 1894 - 4 March 1948) was an Austrian football player and coach. He played for SK Rapid Wien and the Austrian national football team as striker. He was also coach of the Austrian national football team.

paragraphs: Eduard Bauer died 1948 in duty through complications after an operation.


title: Roper River

paragraphs: The Roper River is in the Northern Territory of Australia. It flows east for 400 km from near Mataranka before it flows into the Gulf of Carpentaria.

paragraphs: The Roper was first explored by Europens in 1845, when the explorer Ludwig Leichardt crossed on his way west from Moreton Bay to Port Essington. He name it after a member of his group, John Roper. It is can be used by boats as far as the Roper Bar, and in the 1880's there were several paddlesteamers working on the river.


title: Mary River (Northern Territory)

paragraphs: The Mary River flows in the Northern Territory of Australia and is a site of the Mary River National Park. Its lower reaches form part of the Adelaide and Mary River Floodplains. It was named in 1862 by the explorer John McDouall Stuart. He named it after the daughter of his employer, James Chambers.


title: Manuel L. Quezon

paragraphs: Manuel Luis Quezón y Molina (August 19, 1878 – August 1, 1944) served as president of the Commonwealth of the Philippines from 1935 to 1944. He was the first Filipino to head a government of the Philippines. Quezón is considered by most Filipinos to have been the second president of the Philippines, after Emilio Aguinaldo (1897–1901).

paragraphs: Quezón was the first Senate president elected to the presidency, the first president elected through a national election, and the first president to be re-elected. He is known as the "Father of the National Language".

paragraphs: During his presidency, Quezón tackled the problem of landless peasants in the countryside. He also reorganized the islands's military defenses, planned to reorganize the government, promotion of settlement and development in Mindanao, tried to end foreign control over Philippine trade and commerce, proposals for land reform and the tackling of graft and corruption within the government. Quezón set up a government-in-exile in the US when World War II started and the Philippines were threatened with a Japanese invasion. During his exile in the US, Manuel Quezón died of tuberculosis in Saranac Lake, New York.


title: Susan Raab

paragraphs: Susan Raab (1969—November 27, 2006) was an American theatre actress and producer.

paragraphs: For seven years, Susan Raab worked as an associate producer for L.A. Theatre Works nationally syndicated radio theater series "The Play's the Thing", which airs weekly in the Bay Area on KPFA.

paragraphs: She was married to Oscar-winning director Eric Simonson since 2004 until her death in 2006. They had a one child.

paragraphs: Raab died after her 8-month battle with breast cancer at the age 37 in Marin County. She was buried in St. Anselm Church in Ross.


title: Jamuna River

paragraphs: The Jamuna River (Bangla: যমুনা "Jomuna") is one of the three major rivers of Bangladesh. The river flows from India to Bangladesh and is a major channel of the Brahmaputra River. The Jamuna flows in the "southward direction" and meets the Padma River ("Pôdda") and Meghna River near Goalundo Ghat and Chandpur respectively. These waters then together flow into the Bay of Bengal.

paragraphs: The Jamuna is known to be a very wide river. The breadth of the river, from bank to bank, is about 2 miles in the dry season while its about 5 miles during the rainy season. The River also acts as an important resource for transportation.


title: Rockbeare

paragraphs: Rockbeare is a village and civil parish in East Devon, Devon, England. In 2001 there were 880 people living in Rockbeare.


title: Cornish dialect

paragraphs: Cornish Dialect (also called Anglo-Cornish Dialect) is the dialect of the English language spoken in Cornwall.

paragraphs: A long time ago, people in Cornwall spoke the Cornish language. This is a language similar to Welsh and Breton. After a while, people speaking English came into Cornwall, and the Cornish people started to learn English. They didn't speak in exactly the same way as the people they learned English from, instead they spoke in a distinct way, the Cornish dialect of English. Eventually they forgot how to speak the original Cornish language by about the year 1800.

paragraphs: Cornish people also spoke Cornish dialect when they went abroad to America and Australia and other places.

paragraphs: The Cornish dialect changes between the west and east of Cornwall. In the east, it is more like how people in Devon speak.

paragraphs: Sometimes Cornish people use different words to people who speak 'proper' English. They might also say the words in a different order when they speak Cornish dialect from when they speak 'proper' English, which is a difference in grammar between Cornish dialect and 'proper' English. Other times, they say the same words in a different way using different vowel sounds from 'proper' English.

paragraphs: When Cornish people started to go to school in the late 19th century, teachers told them to speak 'proper' English not dialect. A lot of people thought that people who spoke the dialect were not as intelligent and educated as those who spoke 'proper' English, so people spoke the dialect less, and the dialect declined. In the 20th century, a lot of people moved into Cornwall from the south east part of England near London. These people did not speak the Cornish dialect and found it hard to understand Cornish people who spoke it. The Cornish people spoke the dialect less because they did not want people not to be able to understand them.

paragraphs: As fewer people spoke the Cornish dialect, other people, such as people in the Old Cornwall Society, wrote down the dialect, and made audio recordings, so the dialect wouldn't be lost.

paragraphs: People have written books, short stories, and poetry in Cornish Dialect.


title: High Easter

paragraphs: High Easter is a village and civil parish in Uttlesford, Essex, England. In 2001 there were 657 people living in High Easter.


title: Cullompton

paragraphs: Cullompton is a town and civil parish in Mid Devon, Devon, England. In 2010 there were 8,639 people living in Cullompton. It is also near Cullompton Services, on the M5 motorway.

paragraphs: There are two ideas about how the town got its name. The first idea is that its name means farm near the River Culm and that the name "Culm" means twisted, because the river has lots of bends The second idea is that it is named after Saint Columba of Tir-de-Glas who some people think came to Cullompton in 549 AD.

paragraphs: In the past there were 40 different ways to spell Cullompton. In the nineteenth century people used 3 different spellings. The Royal Mail who delivered letters, spelt it "Cullompton". The first map made by the Ordnance Survey called it "Cullumpton". The railway station sign said "Collumpton". By 1889 almost everyone agreed to spell it Cullompton.

paragraphs: People who live in the town and like it call it "Cully".

paragraphs: A Roman fort was built on St Andrew's Hill above the town. This was later replaced by a second fort. Pottery which was made between 50 and 70 AD was found in the field where the forts were. Some more pottery was found in the middle of Cullompton. This was not as old as the pottery from the fort and was made in the second and third centuries.

paragraphs: The first written record of Cullompton is in the will of the English King Alfred the Great.


title: Mumbai Indians

paragraphs: Mumbai Indians is one of the ten teams which plays in the Indian Premier League. The team was found in 2008 and is owned by Reliance Industries. Rohit Sharma is the current captain of the team while Robin Singh is the head coach. Assisting Robin in coaching are Jonty Rodhes (Fielding Coach) and Shaun Pollock (Bowling Coach).

paragraphs: Reliance Industries purchased the rights of MI ("Abbreviation of Mumbai Indians") for a total of "Rupees 441 Cr ($ 112.9 m)" during the auction on 24 January 2008. As the name suggests, the franchise represents the city of Mumbai.

paragraphs: MI lost their Team Captain & Icon Player, Sachin Tendulkar due to a Hamstring Injury. Harbhajan Singh replaced him as the captain of the side. Due to some issues, Shaun Pollock had to takeover which bought some stability into the side for the first time in the season. The Mumbai Indians finished with a total of 7 wins and 7 losses and thus missed out on a playoff spot by a few points.

paragraphs: Due to issues in India, the second edition of IPL ha to be held in South Africa. The second season also proved to be a setback for the team as they finished with a total of 5 Wins, 8 Loses and 1 No Result (Match got cancelled due to rain); and thus not making it to the playoffs again.

paragraphs: During the auction held for the 2010 IPL Season, Mumbai Indians purchased Kieron Pollard for $750,000. This proved to be a great boost for the team. After the group stages, Mumbai Indians won 10 out of their 14 matches thus qualifying them for the playoffs. In the semifinals against Royal Challengers Bangalore, Mumbai Indians emerged victorious by 35 runs.

paragraphs: The Indians then faced Chennai Super Kings in the final of the 2010 Season; the match was held in "Navi Mumbai". MI lost the match by 22 runs thus finishing as the runner-ups.

paragraphs: They completed the season with a total of 11 Wins and 5 loses and also got a spot in the Airtel Champions League T20. Captain Sachin Tendulkar scored 681 runs in the 2010 season.

paragraphs: Mumbai Indians introduce two new players to their squad, Aiden Blizzard and James Franklin. Both these players perform well for the team in their debut season. Team Captain Sachin Tendulkar put up an impressive performance by scoring 613 runs in 10 matches and at the same time, team's senior bowler, Lasith Malinga took 28 wickets out of the 15 games. Impressive performance by MI in the group stages got them a place in the playoffs. Due to the addition of 2 more teams from this edition of Indian Premier League, the playoffs were a bit different.

paragraphs: Mumbai Indians beat Kolkata Knight Riders in their eliminator by 4 wickets. MI went on to face Royal Challengers Bangalore in the Qualifier 2. "Mumbai Indians" lost to "Royal Challengers Bangalore" by 43 runs which ended the journey of Mumbai Indians in the 2011 Season. Defending Champions Chennai beat Bangalore in the finals thus getting the first spot. Royal Challengers Bangalore finished second while MI finished third.

paragraphs: Tendulkar scored an unbeaten ton against Kochi Tuskers Kerala of just 59 balls and was the only centurion from Mumbai Indians that season.


title: Antlers

paragraphs: Antlers are usually large, branching structures, made of bone, which grow on the heads of deer and similar animals.

paragraphs: With deer, only males have antlers. Only reindeer (caribou) have antlers on the females, and these are normally smaller than those of the males.

paragraphs: While an antler is growing, it is covered with highly vascular skin called velvet, which supplies oxygen and nutrients to the growing bone.

paragraphs: Antlers are one of the most striking cases of male secondary sex characteristics in the animal kingdom. They grow faster than any other mammal bones. Growth occurs at the tip, and is initially cartilage, which is mineralized to become bone. Once the antler has achieved its full size, the velvet is lost and the antler's bone dies. This dead bone structure is the mature antler. The antlers fall off at some point.

paragraphs: To re-grow antlers each year uses up nutrition, so they are honest signals of food gathering capability.

paragraphs: The principle means of evolution of antlers is sexual selection, which operates by two mechanisms: Male–male competition (behaviorally, physiologically) and female mate choice.

paragraphs: Male–male competition can take place in two forms. First, they can compete when males use their antlers as weapons to compete for mates; second, they can compete where males present their antlers to display their strength and fertility. Males with the largest antlers are more likely to obtain mates and achieve fertilization success.


title: Citroën

paragraphs: Citroën is car manufacturer based in France. It was founded by André-Gustave Citroën in 1919 and it became the first mass-production car company outside the USA and pioneered the modern concept of creating a sales and services network that complements the motor car.

paragraphs: Citroën were innovators in car design. Their "Traction Avant" (pictured) had the first mass production of three revolutionary features that are still in use today. They are: a unitary body with no separate frame, four-wheel independent suspension, and front-wheel drive.

paragraphs: Later on, in the 1950s, Citroën developed a remarkable type of suspension. A high-pressure hydraulic system was used in over 9 million Citroën cars. They included the DS, SM, GS, CX, BX, XM, Xantia, C5, and C6. Self-levelling is the principal benefit – the car kept a constant ride height above the road. It adjusted to the passenger and cargo load, and gave a very soft suspension. This type of suspension smooths out road irregularities without disturbing the occupants. It is often compared to riding on a 'magic carpet' for this reason.


title: Stove

paragraphs: A stove is an enclosed heated space. The word is usually taken to mean an enclosed space in which fuel is burned to provide heating, either to heat the space in which the stove is found or to heat the stove itself, and anything placed on it. This article is principally concerned with enclosed stoves burning solid fuels for room heating.

paragraphs: A kitchen stove is a kitchen appliance designed for cooking food. Kitchen stoves rely on the application of direct heat for the cooking process and may also contain an oven underneath it which is used for baking.


title: Yarcombe

paragraphs: Yarcombe is a village and civil parish in East Devon, Devon, England. In 2001 there were 530 people living in Yarcombe.


title: Kitchen stove

paragraphs: A kitchen stove, cooking stove, cookstove, or cooker is a kitchen appliance designed for cooking food.

paragraphs: Stoves use direct heat for cooking and have an oven for baking. The design uses wood, coke or anthracite for fuel. The basic idea is that the stove completely encloses the fire inside its iron body. There are still many traditional stoves made, which burn wood or solid fuel. Many also have back boilers for domestic heating.

paragraphs: Gas stoves are different, because they have open flames on top of the stove, whereas the original stoves have hidden flames. Modern gas stoves were developed already in the 1820s, but these were isolated experiments. At the Great Exhibition in London in 1851, a gas stove was shown, but only in the 1880s did this technology start to become a commercial success. The main factor in this delay was the slow growth of the gas pipe network. Gas and electric stoves have largely replaced solid fuel stoves.


title: North Molton

paragraphs: North Molton is a village and civil parish in North Devon, Devon, England. In 2001 there were 1,047 people living in North Molton.


title: Weare Giffard

paragraphs: Weare Giffard is a village and civil parish in Torridge, Devon, England. In 2001 there were 354 people living in Weare Giffard.


title: Huish

paragraphs: Huish is a village and civil parish in Torridge, Devon, England. Huish has a church called Church of St James the Less.


title: Payhembury

paragraphs: Payhembury is a village and civil parish in East Devon, Devon, England. In 2001 there were 603 people living in Payhembury.


title: Greystoke, Cumbria

paragraphs: Greystoke is a village and civil parish in Eden, Cumbria, England. In 2001 there were 733 people living in Greystoke.


title: Little Waltham

paragraphs: Little Waltham is a village and civil parish in Chelmsford district, Essex, England. In 2001 there were 1,278 people living in Little Waltham.


title: Pseudomonas aeruginosa

paragraphs: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a bacterium that causes many drug-resistant diseases acquired in hospitals. It uses a wide range of organic material for food; in animals, the versatility enables the organism to infect damaged tissues or people with reduced immunity.


title: Linton

paragraphs: Linton is a village and civil parish in South Cambridgeshire, Cambridgeshire, England. In 2001 there were 4,310 people living in Linton.


title: Enterobacteriaceae

paragraphs: Enterobacteriaceae is a large family of bacteria commonly affecting the stomach. The name is derived from the prefix "entero-", meaning intestine; "bacteria", meaning bacteria; and "ceae", meaning family or group. It includes many of the more familiar pathogens, such as "Salmonella" and "Escherichia coli".

paragraphs: On February 19, 2015, 179 people in Los Angeles, California may have been exposed to the bacteria. At least two people have been reported dead. The bacteria has been called a "superbug" by news reporters. It was confirmed that the outbreak was caused by the Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center in Los Angeles.


title: Gamlingay

paragraphs: Gamlingay is a village and civil parish in South Cambridgeshire, Cambridgeshire, England. In 2001 there were 3,535 people living in Gamlingay.


title: Welwyn

paragraphs: Welwyn is a village and civil parish in Welwyn Hatfield, Hertfordshire, England. In 2001 there were 8000 people living in Welwyn.


title: Knebworth

paragraphs: Knebworth is a village and civil parish in North Hertfordshire, Hertfordshire, England. In 2001 there were 4,433 people living in Knebworth.


title: Bray, Berkshire

paragraphs: Bray is a village and civil parish in Windsor and Maidenhead, Berkshire, England. In 2001 there were 8,425 people living in Bray.


title: Joseph Whittaker (botanist)

paragraphs: Joseph Whittaker (1813 – 1894) was a British Botanist who visited South Australia in 1839. 300 plants in Kew Gardens are the collection which Whittaker made during that trip. And 2,200 pressed British plants in Derby Museum and Art Gallery are also Whittaker's.

paragraphs: Whittaker's exact birth date is not known. He was christened at Quarndon near Derby on 8 February 1813. His father was also named Joseph, and was a labourer who married to Sarah (born Clarke). The son is sometimes reported as being born in Breadsall in 1815.

paragraphs: In 1838 Whittaker went on a voyage to Austratia as "gardener". His new employer was Lt. Col. George Gawler who had recently been appointed as the second Governor of South Australia. Whittaker, seven other employees from Derbyshire, Gawler and his wife and children arrived on the Pestonjee Bomanjee on 12 October 1838 in Adelaide. They had traveled for four months via Rio de Janeiro. When Whittaker and Gawler arrived they found poor conditions so gardening was not important.

paragraphs: Whittaker collected plants around Adelaide in South Australia in 1839-40. Whittaker traveled to places within South Australia where he collected a wide range of plant samples. These included Mount Lofty range, Mount Jagged, River Torrens, River Murray and the Hindmarsh River. Whittaker was the first person to collect from the mountainous district of the Fleurieu Peninsula, Encounter Bay and Mount Barker.

paragraphs: Whittaker stayed in South Australia for nineteen months before sailing home on the "Katherine Stuart Forbes" which left from Port Adelaide on 11 April 1840. On the way home his boat stopped four times at Kangaroo Island, Mauritius, St Helena and Corvo Island in the Azores. Whittaker collected further plant samples while the boat was in these harbours.

paragraphs: Whittaker arrived back in England on 23 September 1840 and by 1844 had begun collecting plants again. His activity peaked in 1851 and 52, ceasing sometime after 1867. He collected from many parts of Derbyshire, but he occasionally traveled outside the county including Bulwell, Nottinghamshire, Rhyl and Denbigh in Wales.

paragraphs: By 1846 he was living at Breadsall in Derbyshire where he was a teacher at Breadsall Boys School. From here he exchanged letters with Sir William J. Hooker Director of the Kew Botanic Gardens. Because Whittaker had planed to write a number of books on British botany, and needed to exchange some of his Australian and related samples for that. Whittaker collected about 300 plants that were eventually acquired by Kew. Whittaker's collections from outside the U.K. are now in Kew Gardens. Whittaker had the species of sundew "Drosera whittakeri" named after him.

paragraphs: In February 1847 Whittaker became a member of the Botanical Society of London and he swapped plant samples between 1849 to 1853 with its members. He then joined the Botanical Exchange Club and finally the Botanical Locality Record Club. By 1847 he had enough information to publish “a list of rare plants found in the neighbourhood of Breadsall, Derbyshire”. This contained a mixture of both rare and relatively common species, and gives a good information of the botanical variety of the area at that time. In 1857 he was the schoolmaster of ninety children at Breadsall in Derbyshire, a village whose inhabitants included the naturalists Rev. Henry Harpur Crewe and Francis Darwin. The school was funded by the Harpur-Crewe family.

paragraphs: Whittaker lived in the small village of Morley near Derby in the late 1850s.

paragraphs: He lived with his wife Mary in the house named Ferriby Brook.

paragraphs: He continued to teach there, taking up to twelve scholars into his classes, usually after they had left the local school, and were between eight and eighteen years of age. He eventually established a large collection of living plants. Local gardener groups reported that he was growing over 1,300 different species. In 1864 he was publishing works referring the local extinction of the "Lady's Slipper Orchid" Cypripedium calceolus with the Rev. Henry Harpur Crewe. By 1871 he quitted a schoolmaster, and became a “seedsman and florist”. By 1881 successfully became a “nurseryman and farmer”. He lived with two servants and twenty year old William Whitehead in his house. Whitehead was to eventually become a partner in their market gardening venture.

paragraphs: Whittaker’s plant collecting activities began to decline around 1863, around the time his botanical partner, Henry Harpur Crewe, moved away to become the Rector of Drayton Beauchamp in Buckinghamshire. In the following year they cooperated in the production of a manuscript list of the principal flowering plants and ferns of Derbyshire. His partnership with Crewe lasted for at least eighteen years and was very productive. The Harpur Crewe's family lived nearby Calke Abbey and they had funded the school at Breadsall.

paragraphs: In the late 1880s Joseph Whittaker gave valuable assistance, and supplied a range of plant samples, to Rev W.H.Painter who was preparing to publish a book on the Flora of Derbyshire. Many of Whittaker’s samples and records were also used by William Richardson Linton, vicar of Shirley in a further Flora of Derbyshire in 1903.

paragraphs: Whittaker died on 2nd March 1894. By popular subscription, a memorial reading desk and engraved brass inscription were built for St Matthew's Church, Morley, where he was a church warden and where he was buried.

paragraphs: Whittaker's collection at Kew Gardens is from his trip to Australia and from ports where he stayed shortly during the way home. He also left a collection of 2,200 pressed plants in 79 volumes, mostly from Derbyshire, which are now held in the herbarium at Derby Museum and Art Gallery. They provide important evidential samples for local studies on the flora of Derbyshire. Due to his participation in botanical exchanges clubs, there are now Whittaker samples in many UK museum collections, including those at Bolton, Birmingham, Gloucester and Manchester. The Wisbech and Fenland Museum also has a small collection.

paragraphs: The carnivorous sundew species was scientifically described by the French botanist Jules Émile Planchon in 1848. This is commonly known as the "Scented Sundew" or "Whittaker's Sundew".


title: Cooper Creek

paragraphs: Cooper Creek (formerly Cooper's Creek) () is one of the most famous rivers in Australia. It is sometimes called the Barcoo River after one of its tributaries. It is one of three major Queensland river systems that flow into Lake Eyre. The water flow in Cooper Creek comes from monsoonal rains falling months earlier and many hundreds of kilometres away in eastern Queensland. At in length it is the second longest inland river system in Australia after the Murray-Darling system.

paragraphs: Charles Sturt named the river in 1845 after Charles Cooper, the Chief Justice of South Australia. The explorers Burke and Wills died from starvation in 1861 on the banks of Cooper Creek. John King survived the expedition with help from the Aborigines. Only ten years after the explorers' deaths, homesteads were being built along the creek. A station (farm) at Innamincka was the first permanent settlement in the area.

paragraphs: By 1880 the reliable water source had attracted many settlers. The whole area was taken up and stocked with cattle. This pushed the local Aborigines from their traditional lands. By 1900 their population was just 30, only 10% of the original number, as influenza and measles took their toll.

paragraphs: The creek starts west of the Great Dividing Range as two rivers, the Thomson from near Longreach and Charters Towers, and the Barcoo in the area around Barcaldine, about inland from Rockhampton.

paragraphs: Cooper Creek spreads out into a vast area of channels, making its way south into the far south-west corner of Queensland before turning west into South Australia towards Lake Eyre. In most years, the water soaks into the earth, fills channels and waterholes, or simply evaporates without reaching Lake Eyre. In very wet years, however, it can flood the entire Channel Country and reach Lake Eyre after flowing through the Strzelecki Desert, Sturt Stony Desert and the Tirari Desert. Although the Cooper carries much more water than the Diamantina and the Georgina, it does not flow into Lake Eyre as often as those rivers. One reason is that much more water is lost than with the Diamantina or Georgina. During a flood Cooper Creek may be as wide as .

paragraphs: Most of the land around the Cooper is used for sheep and cattle grazing on natural grasslands. The rainfall is not reliable enough to grow crops. The soils are quite fertile, though generally heavy in texture and often crack when they dry out.


title: Ethan Hawke

paragraphs: Ethan Green Hawke (born November 6, 1970 in Austin, Texas) is an American actor, writer and director. Hawke made his big screen debut in the 1985 movie Explorers. Hawke was formally married to actress Uma Thurman from 1998 to 2004 and is currently married to Ryan Shawhughes.


title: Irving Crane

paragraphs: Irving Crane (November 13, 1913 – November 17, 2001), nicknamed "the Deacon", was an American pool player from Livonia (near Rochester). He was frequent champion and leading player in the sport. He is most well known for his skill at the game of straight pool (14.1 continuous). He won six world billiards titles in this game.

paragraphs: Crane became very interested in billiards when he was 11 years old. He started play on a toy pool table his brother received as a Christmas gift. His parents soon replaced their dining room table with a 4' by 8' pool table. Soon, Crane started to play in public at a local pool room. Crane could play all day and never get bored. He could not wait to get home from school and start to play pool.

paragraphs: Though he taught himself to play, at age 14 he ran 89 balls in straight pool at a local pool room. He called each shot in advance. His parents replaced the smaller table with a full size tournament table. Over the next ten years some of the best players, including Willie Hoppe and Andrew Ponzi, came to practice with Crne. Despite consistent play throughout his teenage years, Crane did not enter any tournaments until he was 23 years old.

paragraphs: In February 1939, at age 26, Crane sank 150 balls in a row against his opponent in an exhibition straight pool match. The game was played on a difficult 5' by 10' table in Layton, Utah. This was impressive. But the crowd cheered him, and he continued to play. He finally put 309 consecutive balls thus shattering the previous world record of 244 consecutive balls.

paragraphs: He won his first world title in 1942. Over the next thirty years, Crane won almost two dozen major championships, including the World Crown in 1946, 1955, 1966, 1968, 1970 and 1972, the Ballantine International Championship in 1965, the International Roundrobin championship in 1968, and the World Series of Billiards in 1978 at age 65. At the 1966 World Crown tournament, he ran 150 and out in the finals. He never let his opponent back to the table after an early safety battle. No other player has ever done this. Crane also holds the record for the most runner-up finishes for the World Crown with 13.

paragraphs: Crane found it hard to make a living only by playing pool, even though he was very skilled. In 1957, he began working as a Cadillac salesman at a dealership in Rochester, New York. He continued there for 17 years. At Rochester's annual auto show his dealership's exhibit had a pool table. Crane would run balls while answering questions. Working at a regular job was not Crane's first choice. In an interview with Sports Illustrated in 1969, he said "If I had to make a choice between selling cars and playing pool, I'd choose pool... The only time I've ever been really happy is when I was at a pool table."

paragraphs: He was "tall, lean man with the imperial bearing of the headmaster of Eton," Crane got the nickname "The Deacon" because of his gentlemanly ways, his very cautious approach to the game and his careful style of clothing. He always wore a conservative suit when he played.

paragraphs: The "Los Angeles Times" interviewed Crane's wife Althea. They were married 64 years. She said, "A lot of people, if it was a hot day and there was no air conditioning, they'd take off their coat to play. But not Irving Crane." Minnesota Fats, once said, "Irv Crane would have been the only guy to notice the horse under Lady Godiva". Willie Mosconi criticized Crane for his cautious style. He wrote in his 1993 autobiography, "Willie's Game", that "Crane wouldn't take a shot unless his grandmother could make it."

paragraphs: Crane became a member of the Billiard Congress of America's hall of fame in 1978. In 1999, Crane was number eight on "Billiard Digest's" fifty greatest players of the century. In 1980 Crane retired from professional play. He stopped playing entirely in about 1996. On 17 November 17 2001, four days after entering a nursing home, Crane died of natural causes. He was 88 years old.


title: Snow Falling on Cedars (movie)

paragraphs: Snow Falling on Cedars is an 1999 drama movie that was produced by Ron Bass

paragraphs: Kathleen Kennedy, Frank Marshall and Harry J. Ufland and was directed by Scott Hicks. "Snow Falling on Cedars" was released on December 22, 1999 in North America. The movie received a 40% rating on Rotten Tomatoes and a 44 out of 100 from Metacritic. The movie was nominated for an Academy Award for "Best Cinematography".


title: Macrauchenia

paragraphs: Macrauchenia was an early hoofed mammal with a long neck; it may have had a long trunk. This quadruped lived during the Pleistocene. Fossils of "Macrauchenia" have been found in Argentina, South America. "Macrauchenia" was an herbivore that had high-crowned cheek teeth.


title: Victoria River (Northern Territory)

paragraphs: The Victoria River is in longest river in the Northern Territory of Australia. It flows into the Timor Sea. Philip Parker King explored the mouth of the river on 12 September 1819. In 1839, the crew of HMS Beagle travelled more than 200 km up the river. In 1854 the explorer Augustus Charles Gregory reached the river after crossing the north of Australia from Brisbane, Queensland.


title: Kapunda, South Australia

paragraphs: Kapunda is a town in South Australia, 79 km north of Adelaide. First settled in 1842, it is the oldest copper mining town in Australia. The name "Kapunda" comes from an Aboriginal words "cappie oonda", which meant spring of water.


title: Uncountable set

paragraphs: An uncountable set is an infinite set that is impossible to count. If we try to count the elements, we will always skip some. It does not matter what size step we take. The set of real numbers, often written as formula_1, is an uncountable set. There are many other uncountable sets, such as the interval formula_2. An uncountable set is bigger than an infinite countable set. We know that because Georg Cantor proved it. He showed that any list of numbers is not complete. This is true even if the list is infinite.


title: Dietmar Kühbauer

paragraphs: Dietmar "Didi" Kühbauer (born 4 April 1971) is a former Austrian footballer. He played as midfielder. Kühbauer played also in the Austrian national football team. At the moment he works as coach of FC Admira Wacker Mödling.

paragraphs: He made his Bundesliga debut for Admira Wacker in 1987 at the age of 16. 1992 he went on to SK Rapid Wien. With this club he won one champion title and one Austrian cup. With Rapid he also played in the 1996 UEFA Cup Winners Cup Final against Paris St. Germain in Brussels. By the fans of SK Rapid he was elected into Rapids team of the century.He played five years abroad, 3 years for Real Sociedad in Spain and two years in the German Bundesliga for VfL Wolfsburg. Then he came back to Austria and played the last years for his youth team SV Mattersburg.

paragraphs: Dietmar Kühbauer played also 55 matches for the Austrian national football team and scored 5 goals. His debut was in May 1992 in a friendly match versus Poland. He was member of the Austrian team for the FIFA World Cup 1998 and played two matches versus Italy and Chile. His final match was in September 2005 also against Poland in a qualifing match for the FIFA World Cup 2006.

paragraphs: He started as coach of the second team of VfB Admira Wacker Mödling. In 2010 he became manager of the first squad which reached the title in the First league and was promoted to the Austrian Bundesliga.


title: Young Adam

paragraphs: Young Adam is a 2003 British crime drama movie. The cast for this movie are Ewan McGregor, Tilda Swinton Peter Mullan and Emily Mortimer. The screenplay for this movie is based on the 1954 novel of the same name. This movie is set in Scotland in 1954. Young Adam is rated NC-17 due to sexual content.


title: 2011 Vancouver Stanley Cup riot

paragraphs: The 2011 Vancouver Stanley Cup riot was a riot that took place on June 15, 2011 in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.

paragraphs: The riot took place after the Boston Bruins defeated the Vancouver Canucks in Game 7 of the 2011 Stanley Cup Finals. It happened immediately after the Bruins defeated the Canucks. There were at least 140 people that were reported as being injured in the incident, one critically and at least four people were stabbed. Close to 100 people were arrested.

paragraphs: People were angry over the result of the final game and threw objects at the large screens that were at the viewing area. They set fire to Boston Bruins flags, overturned and set fire to two vehicles in front of the main Canada Post headquarters. There were reports of similar car fires in a nearby parking garage that included two police cruisers. The rioters smashed windows and looted stores. The riot ended around midnight when people in the crowd either went home or were arrested. The mayor of Vancouver, Gregor Robertson, called the rioters "a small group of troublemakers". Several of the participants in the riot turned themselves in to the police after their faces were shown on TV, including the person responsible for setting the first car on fire. According to CBC News, the destruction caused by the rioters was worse than the riot that followed the Canucks loss in Game 7 of the 1994 Stanley Cup Finals, especially the looting aspect.


title: Hermann Stadler

paragraphs: Hermann Stadler (born 21 May 1961) is a former Austrian footballer. He is at the moment coach of the U 19 national team.

paragraphs: Hermann Stadler started playing football in his local club Oberndorfer SK. His professional career started in 1979, when he came to SV Austria Salzburg. 1983 he went, together with his friend Leo Lainer, to SK Rapid Wien. But in Vienna he did not play often, so he left the club and played a short time for SK VOEST Linz. Then he went back to SV Salzburg into the second league.

paragraphs: With Salzburg he had his most successful time as player becoming two times Champion and reaching the UEFA Cup final versus Inter Mailand. His career ended in 1996 after 380 league matches (323 for Salzburg, 48 for Rapid, 9 for VOEST Linz) and 38 goals (36 for Salzburg, 2 for Rapid)

paragraphs: He began in different positions mainly in the youth department with SV Austria Salzburg. Now he is coach of Austrias U 19 national team.

paragraphs: 3 x: 1987 (with SK Rapid Wien), 1994, 1995 (with SV Austria Salzburg)


title: Saw 3D

paragraphs: Saw 3D is a 2010 American horror movie, the seventh and final motion picture of the "Saw" franchise. This installment of the series is about a man who claims to be a Jigsaw survivor and writes a book of his experience. An 8th movie was planned, though a decrease in performance at the box office for Saw VI led to Saw 3D being the last planned movie in the series. "Saw 3D" was released October 29, 2010 in the United States. The movie was originally rated NC-17 (No Children 17 or Under Admitted) and had to be edited six times to receive an R rating. The movie's reviews were not positive, although "Saw 3D" did make $136 million at the box office.


title: Musky rat-kangaroo

paragraphs: The musky rat-kangaroo, "Hypsiprymnodon moschatus", is a small marsupial species found in the rainforests of northeast Queensland, Australia. It moves by extending its body and then bringing both of its hind legs forward. It eats fallen fruit and large seeds, as well as small vertebrate animals. Its body is about in length. Its tail is about . They weigh about .


title: Dzong

paragraphs: A dzong is a Buddhist temple used for prayer.


title: Cambourne

paragraphs: Cambourne is a village in Cambridgeshire, England. It is a new settlement and is divided into Lower Cambourne, Great Cambourne and Upper Cambourne.


title: Soham

paragraphs: Soham is a town and civil parish in East Cambridgeshire, Cambridgeshire, England. In 2001 there were 9,102 people living in Soham.


title: Tanami Desert

paragraphs: The Tanami Desert is a desert in the Northern Territory of Australia. It is rocky with small hills, an arid and isolated area that was not fully explored until well into the twentieth century. It is crossed by the Tanami Track. The explorer John McDouall Stuart made repeated attempts to cross the desert in the 1860's while trying to reach the Victoria River. He was unable to find water.

paragraphs: Under the name Tanami, it is one of the Interim Biogeographic Regionalisation for Australia (IBRA) regions. The desert is uniquely "one of the most important biological areas to be found in Australia particularly as it provides refuge for several of Australia's rare and endangered species."

paragraphs: The Tanami Desert is home to the Kukatja and Walpiri people. The Tjurabalan live at the edge of the desert.


title: Ludwig Leichhardt

paragraphs: Friedrich Wilhelm Ludwig Leichardt (1813—1848) was a German naturalist and explorer who explored the north of Australia. In 1844 Leichhardt led a small group from Moreton Bay in the south east corner of Queensland west to Port Essington in the Northern Territory. This was a trip of 4,828 km. They returned to Sydney by boat. He was presented with the Patrons Gold Medal by the Royal Geographical Society in London.

paragraphs: In 1848 he set out to cross the continent from east to west. He believed he could go north around the deserts to the coast of Western Australia, and then follow the coast south to the Swan River. After leaving the Darling Downs, Leichhardt's group disappeared. Many people searched, and there were stories about marked trees, or found items, but nothing was proved.

paragraphs: In 2006 a small piece of brass with Leichhardt's name on it proved to be a genuine item from the explorer. It had been found in 1900 by an Aboriginal stockman in Western Australia, close to the Northern Territory border, in the area between the Great Sandy Desert and the Tanami Desert.


title: Taxis

paragraphs: A taxis (plural taxes) is an innate behavioral response by an organism to a directional stimulus. This means the organism automatically moves towards or away from the stimulus.

paragraphs: A taxis differs from a tropism (turning response, often plant growth towards or away from a stimulus) in that the organism has motility and shows movement towards or away from the stimulus source.

paragraphs: Even single-celled organisms can show taxis.


title: Euglena

paragraphs: Euglena is a large genus of unicellular protists: they have both plant and animal characteristics.

paragraphs: All live in water, and move by means of a flagellum. This is an animal characteristic. Most have chloroplasts, which are characteristic of algae and plants.

paragraphs: Euglenids are believed to descend from an ancestor that took up green algae by secondary endosymbiosis.

paragraphs: Over 1,000 species of "Euglena" have been described, and there are more to be discovered. Their relationships are being analysed.

paragraphs: When acting as a heterotroph (animal), the "Euglena" surrounds a particle of food and consumes it by phagocytosis. When acting as an autotroph, the "Euglena" has chloroplasts which produce sugars by photosynthesis. The chloroplasts use the pigments chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b.

paragraphs: The number and shape of chloroplasts within "Euglena" varies greatly. "Euglena" are able to move through aquatic environments by using a large flagellum for locomotion. To detect light, the cell has an eyespot, a primitive organelle that filters sunlight into light-detecting, photo-sensitive structures. These structures, at the base of the flagellum, allow only certain wavelengths of light to register. With the aid of this photo-sensitive area, the "Euglena" can shift its position to get better photosynthesis.

paragraphs: The mobility of "Euglena" also allows hunting. Most "Euglena" are considered mixotrophs: autotrophs in sunlight and heterotrophs in the dark. "Euglena" do not have plant cell walls, but have a pellicle instead. The pellicle is made of protein bands that spiral down the length of the "Euglena" and lie beneath the plasma membrane.

paragraphs: "Euglena" can survive in fresh and salt water. In low moisture conditions, "Euglena" forms a protective wall around itself and lies dormant as a spore until environmental conditions improve. "Euglena" can also survive in the dark by storing starch-like paramylon granules inside the chloroplast.

paragraphs: "Euglenas" reproduce asexually by binary fission. There is no evidence of sexual reproduction. Reproduction includes transverse division and longitudinal division, which both occur in the active and encysted forms.

paragraphs: Starting in 2005, the Tokyo-based Euglena Company now markets "Euglena"-based food and beverage products. The fitness of "Euglena" for human consumption had been thought about before, but this is the first attempt to cultivate and farm it. The company's main production facility is on Ishigaki Island, Okinawa, where there is a favourable climate.

paragraphs: Euglena Company is also experimenting with the use of "Euglena" as a potential fuel source.


title: Walter Nausch

paragraphs: Walter Nausch (5 February 1907 in Vienna; † 11. July 1957 in Obertraun, Upper Austria) was an Austrian football player and coach. He played mainly for FK Austria Wien and was member of Austrias so called "Wunderteam". As coach he coached the Austrian national football team and reached with the team the 3rd place in 1954 FIFA World Cup, the best result a team reached ever in this kind of tournament.

paragraphs: Over two minor clubs Nausch came 1923 to FK Austria Wien, then named Wiener Amateur-SV. Other than most of the players in the pre-war eara Nausch came out of Viennas middle classes. In 1924 he reached the Austrian championship which stayed to only championship he reached. Between 1925 and 1929 he played for WAC, but retourned to Austria and shaped together with Matthias Sindelar the style of FK Austria in the 1930s. Although he was a midfielder he also played as forward and defender.

paragraphs: International success he reached in the 1930 winning two times the Mitropa Cup, an early form of the UEFA Championsleague. The first victory was in 1933 versus Inter Mailand (1:2;3:1) the second in 1936 versus Slavia Praha (0:0;1:0). As player he played from 1929 to 1937 in 39 matches for the Austrian national football team. He played many matches in the eara of the so called "Wunderteam". He did not play the 1934 FIFA World Cup because he was ehavyly injured in a match versus Bulgaria.

paragraphs: After the occupation of Austria in 1938 Austria Vienna was suppressed by the Nazi authoritys mainly because there were a lot of players and officials of Jewish origin. The Name was forbidden and they played under the name Sportclub Ostmark. Protected by his popularity Nausch often showed his disfavour of the nazis. As Nausch wanted to coach the team he was ordered by the authoritys to leave his wife who was of Jewish origin. He did not and fled to Switzerland. He became coach and player of Zürcher Young Fellows.

paragraphs: 1948 Nausch came back to Austria and became coach of the Austrian national football team. He stayed with the team from 1948 till 1954. He formed a team with stars like Zeman, Happel, Hanappi, Ocwirk, Probst und Stojaspal. This team was almost so successful like the old "Wunderteam". In this time Austria reached the third place in the FIFA World Cup 1954 the best place an Austrian team reached ever. After being coach of the team he went to his old team FK Austria Wien which he coached from 1954 till 1955.

paragraphs: He died in 1957 because of a heart stroke.


title: American History X

paragraphs: American History X is a 1998 American crime drama movie directed by Tony Kaye. It was released on October 23, 1998 in North America and received positive reviews, with an 83% rating on Rotten Tomatoes and a 62/100 from Metacritic. Edward Norton was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Actor. The movie was named by Empire magazine as the 311th Greatest Movie of All Time. It is about a man who joins a neo-nazi gang, after his firefighter father is killed by black drug dealers in Venice, Los Angeles. While staying in prison for three years, his younger brother ends up facing the wrong path.


title: Melodica

paragraphs: The melodica, also known as the "blow-organ" or "key-flute", is a wind instrument with a keyboard on top, and is played by blowing air through a mouthpiece that fits into a hole in the side of the instrument. The keyboard is usually two or three octaves long. Melodicas are small, light, and portable. They are popular in music education, especially in Asia.


title: Mercedes-AMG

paragraphs: Mercedes-AMG GmbH, commonly known as AMG, is a part of the Mercedes-Benz car company. It makes high-performance luxury cars. AMG models usually have more aggressive looks, higher performances, better handling and better stability than normal Mercedes cars. Apart from the V12 Mercedes cars, AMG cars are the most expensive and highest-performance of each Mercedes series. They make cars from the small A45 AMG all the way to the very large G63 6X6.


title: Oculus

paragraphs: Oculus is a Latin word which means "eye". The hole in the ceiling of the Pantheon in Rome is called the "Oculus".


title: Teddy Purcell

paragraphs: Edward "Teddy" Purcell (born September 8, 1985 in St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador) is a Canadian ice hockey right winger. He currently plays for the Edmonton Oilers of the National Hockey League (NHL). He has also played for the Los Angeles Kings and the Tampa Bay Lightning.

paragraphs: He was traded along with a 3rd round draft pick to the Lightning for Jeff Halpern. On July 10, 2012, he signed a three-year contract extension with the Lightning which would allow the Lightning to keep him through to the 2015-2016 season.

paragraphs: On June 29, 2014, the Lightning traded Purcell to the Edmonton Oilers in exchange for Sam Gagner.


title: Laura Sadler

paragraphs: Laura Ruth Sadler (25 December 1980 – 19 June 2003) was an English actress best known for her role as nurse Sandy Harper in the BBC One hospital drama series "Holby City".

paragraphs: Sadler was born in Ascot, Berkshire, and took up television acting as a young girl. She was spotted as a future talent at the age of 6 by Dustin Hoffman, who had seen her in a play. After the play had finished Hoffman asked to meet the young actress. Before joining the cast of "Holby City", her best-known role had been as the character Judi Jeffreys in the children's television series "Grange Hill" from 1997 to 1999. In a tragic coincidence, her "Grange Hill" character was killed after slipping and falling out of a burning building, paralleling her real life death 4 years later. Laura also then played the part of Skirty Marm in a new BBC1 children's comedy, Belfry Witches. Skirty Marm and her friend Old Noshie (Lucy Davis) were teenage witches banished to earth from Witch Island; settling in a sleepy village where they caused mischief.

paragraphs: In 1996 she starred in the feature movie "Intimate Relations" alongside Julie Walters, where she played a Lolita-like girl with a crush on her mother's adulterous lover. She joined the cast of "Holby City", a spin-off series from the long-running BBC medical drama series "Casualty", in the show's third series.

paragraphs: In the early hours of 15 June 2003, she fell 40 feet (12 metres) from the balcony of the Holland Park flat of her boyfriend and "Holby City" co-star George Calil after having taken alcohol and cocaine. She suffered severe head injuries, and never regained consciousness. Her family decided to remove her from life support on 18 June 2003 and she died at Charing Cross Hospital a day later.

paragraphs: Her boyfriend, Calil, then aged 30, who played her character's drug-dealing boyfriend Sean Hunt in "Holby City", was arrested for questioning before being released on bail. On 26 June police announced that the death was being treated as accidental and no further action would be taken.

paragraphs: Laura continued to feature in pre-recorded episodes of "Holby City" after her death. Laura's mother took part in writing her daughter's character Sandy out of "Holby City"; in the episode, which was broadcast in September 2003, her character won the lottery and subsequently emigrated to Australia.


title: Brevens bruk

paragraphs: Brevens Bruk is a minor locality in Örebro Municipality, Örebro County, Sweden. 121 people were living there in 2007. It is famous for a traditional Swedish midsummer celebration held every year. Thousands of people from neighbouring areas gather and celebrate. The celebration has drawn attention all the way to Germany and hundreds of German tourists share in the celebration.


title: Interstate 485

paragraphs: Interstate 485 is a highway around Charlotte, North Carolina. It was finished in 2015.


title: Clarence Clemons

paragraphs: Clarence Clemons (January 11, 1942 – June 18, 2011) was an American musician and actor. He as known on stage as the Big Man. He died in his Florida home after having a large stroke.

paragraphs: He was born in Norfolk, Virginia in 1942. His father gave him an alto saxophone for Christmas one year. Clemons' saxophone playing was an important part of early Springsteen hists such as "Rosalita" and "Born to Run".

paragraphs: Clemons released his for solo album in 1983.


title: Flag of Wyoming

paragraphs: The Flag of the State of Wyoming has an American Bison in the center and the Seal of Wyoming in the middle of the bison. The flags original design was for the buffalo to face the opposite way.


title: Showgirls

paragraphs: Showgirls is a 1995 American movie by Paul Verhoeven. It stars Kyle MacLachlan, Elizabeth Berkley and Gina Gershon. It is set in Las Vegas, Nevada. The movie became the first — and so far, only — NC-17 rated movie to be given a wide release in the mainstream theaters. The movie got substandard reviews and flopped, but enjoyed success on the home video market, receiving over $100 million from movie rental. This movie has been consistently ranked one of the worst movies ever made, but has become regarded as a cult classic.

paragraphs: Nomi Malone goes to Las Vegas and hopes to dance in a show on stage: she wants to be a "showgirl." Nomi meets Molly Abrams, who makes costumes for a show called "Goddess", and they become friends. Nomi gets a job working as a stripper at Cheetah's Topless Club.

paragraphs: Molly introduces Nomi to the lead dancer of "Goddess", Cristal Connors. When Nomi tells Cristal she dances at Cheetah's, Cristal says that Nomi is a prostitute. This makes Nomi angry, so Molly takes her dancing at a nightclub. Nomi meets James, who works at the nightclub, but is arrested by the police for fighting.

paragraphs: Cristal and her boyfriend, Zack Carey, visit Cheetah's. Zach works as a manager at the Stardust, the casino where "Goddess" is performed. Cristal asks Nomi to give Zach a special dance in a private room. Nomi dances for Zach for $500.

paragraphs: A worker from the Stardust asks Nomi to audition for the a small part in "Goddess". Tony Moss, the show director of the show, makes Nomi embarrasses Nomi during the audition. Nomi is angry, so she leaves the audition. Nomi gets the job anyway, and she quits her job as a stripper. Cristal tries to make Nomi embarrassed when she starts work as a dancer in "Goddess". Nomi sets out to get revenge against Cristal. Nomi has sex with Zack, and Zack helps Nomi get an audition to be Cristal's understudy. Nomi gets the part as Cristal's understudy, but this makes Cristal angry. Cristal asks the Stardust to take away her role as an understudy. This makes Nomi angry, so Nomi pushes Cristal down the stairs. Cristal is hurt: she breaks her hip. Because Cristal is hurt, the Stardust makes Nomi the lead dancer in "Goddess."

paragraphs: Nomi tells a lie and tells Molly that she did not push Cristal down the stairs. Molly does not think Nomi is telling the truth, Molly ends their friendship. Later, during a party for Nomi's first night as the lead dancer in "Goddess", Molly is friendly with Nomi again. Molly meets a famous musician, Andrew Carver. Carver asks Molly to come to a hotel room with him. Carver and his security team hit Molly and rape her. Molly is hurt and goes to the hospital.

paragraphs: Nomi wants the police to arrest Carver, but Zack says Stardust will give Molly money to keep Carver safe: because Carver is a famous musician, the casino will ask Molly to to be quiet and not to tell the police about what happened. This makes Nomi angry. Then Zack tells Nomi that he knows who she really is: her real name is Polly, not Nomi; and used to work as a prostitute after her father killed her mother. Zack knows that she was arrested for using drugs and for prostitution. Zack tells Nomi that he will keep her past a secret if Nomi does not tell the police about Carver raping Molly.

paragraphs: Nomi decides that she has to help her friend, Molly. Nomi meets with Carver in a hotel room, and Nomi hits Carver until he is loses consciousness. Nomi then goes to the hospital to visit Molly. Nomi tells Molly that she knows what Carver did to Molly, and that Nomi hit Carver to punish him. Nomi then visits Cristal in the hospital to say she is sorry for hurting her. Cristal says everything is okay, and that her lawyers got a lot of money for her. Cristal forgives Nomi, and they kiss. Nomi leaves Las Vegas and goes to Los Angeles.


title: Sajóvámos

paragraphs: Sajóvámos is a village in Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén County in Hungary.


title: Nervous tissue

paragraphs: Nervous tissue is the main part of the nervous system – the brain, spinal cord, and nerves. These control the body functions. It is made up of neurons, which transmit impulses, and the neuroglia cells. Neuroglia cells help and provide food for the neurons .A neuron is the longest cell of our body.


paragraphs: Interview with the Vampire: The Vampire Chronicles is a 1994 American fantasy drama horror movie directed by Neil Jordan. It is about a vampire named Lestat who turns a plantation owner into a vampire. The movie is set in New Orleans during 1791, Paris in 1871 and San Francisco, California in 1988. The movie stars Tom Cruise, Stephen Rea, Antonio Banderas, Christian Slater and Kirsten Dunst.

paragraphs: The movie is based on the 1976 novel "Interview with the Vampire" by Anne Rice.


title: The Advertiser (Adelaide)

paragraphs: The Advertiser is a daily newspaper published in Adelaide, South Australia. It was first printed on 12 July 1858. it is owned by News Limited.


title: Utility software

paragraphs: In computing, a "utility" is a program or module which is used to give a general-purpose result, for many different uses. A utility is intended for a wide range of users, rather than an "app" (application program) which might be intended to serve a specific purpose for specific users.

paragraphs: For example, a utility program may handle computer files or guard against computer viruses.

paragraphs: Utility is a system software that corresponds towards analyzing, configuring and optimizing the computer.

paragraphs: The word "utility" has been used to mean a "general-purpose computing tool" for many decades, since at least 1960.


title: James Chambers (pastoralist)

paragraphs: James Chambers (1811–1862) was an English man who became a rich pastoralist (farmer) in South Australia. He is well known for funding the exploring costs of John McDouall Stuart from 1850—1862. Many Australian geographic features have been named after him including the strange rock formation, Chambers Pillar, and Chambers Bay.


title: WWE Capitol Punishment

paragraphs: Capitol Punishment was a professional wrestling pay-per-view (PPV) event made by WWE. The event took place June 19, 2011 at the Verizon Center in Washington, D.C.. It was the first Capitol Punishment event. Eight matches overall took place, with all of them airing live on PPV.


title: Proportions

paragraphs: In mathematics, the word "proportions" means two ratios put into an equation. Some examples of proportions are:

paragraphs: In algebra, proportions can be used to solve many common problems about changing numbers. As an example, for the increase in a $40 purchase of gasoline (petrol), if the price rose 35 cents, from $3.50 to $3.85, then the proportion would be:

paragraphs: Many other common calculations can be solved by using proportions to show the relationships between the numbers.

paragraphs: In statistics, a proportion is a number which measures the extent to which a specific characteristic is in a sample or a population. It can be thought of as a percentage. To represent a sample proportion, the letters formula_1 can be used. To represent a population proportion, the letter formula_2 can be used.

paragraphs: A proportionality constant is a number that is used to convert a measurement in one system to the equivalent measurement in another system. For instance, people who are familiar with the traditional system of units used in the United States (pounds, feet, inches, etc.) may need to find out the metric equivalent for these measures in grams and meters. To make these calculations, they would need some proportionality constants.

paragraphs: One way to write a formula showing how to use a proportionality constant K is:

paragraphs: For example, people may know that they have 100 eggs and want to know how many dozen eggs they have. The proportionality constant K is then 1 dozen/ 12 eggs.

paragraphs: 100 eggs × (1 dozen / 12 eggs) = 8 dozen eggs + 4 eggs

paragraphs: In general, given two functions formula_3 and formula_4, if there is a constant formula_5 such that formula_6, then we say that "formula_7 is directly proportional to formula_8". In symbols, this can be written as formula_9.


title: Information (Classified album)

paragraphs: Information is the fourth studio album by Canadian rapper, Classified. The album was released sometime in 1997.


title: Boxxy

paragraphs: Catherine "Catie" Wayne (born April 28, 1992), better known by her online name, Boxxy, is an American internet celebrity. She is known for her highly-energetic tone in her blogging videos. She rose to fame in late 2008 and early 2009 when she made videos anonymously under the name "Boxxy" and posted them to her Gaia Online profile. They were later posted onto the website iambored.com and spread to the website 4chan. This resulted in a large online following. She later became an Internet meme. She is known to wear heavy eyeliner and ramble excitedly about many different things while displaying "ridiculous" and possibly "fake" personality quirks. She is rated by the AOL channel's "urlesque" as #104 on its list of ""The 100 Most Iconic Internet Videos"". She was also mentioned in a Fox News report on Internet trolls.


title: 2001 Bradford riots

paragraphs: The Bradford Riots were a short but intense period of rioting which began on 7 July 2001, in Bradford, West Yorkshire, England. It was a result of heightened tension between the large and growing ethnic minority communities and the city's white majority. It was stoked by confrontation between the Anti-Nazi League and far right groups such as the British National Party and the National Front. Similar race riots had occurred earlier in May in Oldham and in June in Burnley - other parts of northern England.


title: New Addington

paragraphs: New Addington is an area in the London Borough of Croydon. It is a large local estate surrounded by open countryside, woodland and golf courses. The Prime Meridian crosses the eastern edge of New Addington. The eastern edge of New Addington itself follows the line of th London to Lewes Roman road. Some roads are based on the Tudor era, however many are either from the 1960s council estate or are now privately owned.


title: 100 Mile House

paragraphs: 100 Mile House is a Canadian town and district municipality in British Columbia, Canada. 100 Mile House is in the South Cariboo region of British Columbia. The population of 100 Mile House was 1,886 at the 2011 census.

paragraphs: It was first called the Bridge Creek House after the creek that runs through the area. It is known for the many types of birds and for the nearby lakes for boating and fishing, including the Lac La Hache, Canim Lake, Horse Lake, Green Lake, and Bridge Lake. About 8 miles away from 100 Mile House is 108 Mile Ranch.


title: Ashcroft, British Columbia

paragraphs: Ashcroft is a village in the Canadian province of British Columbia. Ashcroft is found in Thompson Country in the Interior of British Columbia. The population of Ashcroft was 1,628 in 2011.

paragraphs: The village of Ashcroft was founded in the 1860s which was during the Cariboo Gold Rush, by two English brothers named Clement Francis Cornwall and Henry Pennant Cornwall who were the founders of Ashcroft Ranch. They emigrated to Canada from Ashcroft, at Newington Bagpath in Gloucestershire. The village is sometimes recognized as the "twin" to nearby Cache Creek, which is on the major highway unlike Ashcroft.

paragraphs: The village is sister cities with Bifuka, Hokkaido in Japan.


title: Cache Creek, British Columbia

paragraphs: Cache Creek is a Canadian incorporated village and historic transportation in British Columbia, Canada. Cache Creek is in the Thompson Country of the Interior of British Columbia. The population of Cache Creek was 1,040 at the 2011 census. The town of Cache Creek is on the Trans-Canada Highway. It is at the junction of northbound Highway 97. The name "Cache Creek" is believed to comes from a cache (a buried and hidden supply) and trade goods depot that was used by the fur traders of either the Hudson's Bay Company or the North West Company. The town is sometimes seen as the "twin" to nearby Ashcroft, which is not on the major highway unlike Cache Creek.


title: Clinton, British Columbia

paragraphs: Clinton is a Canadian village in British Columbia, Canada. Clinton is in the South Cariboo region of British Columbia. The population of Clinton was 578 at the 2006 consensus. The town of Clinton was originally known as 47 Mile House or 47 Mile but was changed to Clinton in 1863 because of the completion of the Cariboo Wagon Road which was in the area for Henry Fiennes Pelham Clinton.


title: Euclid's Elements

paragraphs: Euclid's "Elements" (sometimes: "The Elements", "Stoicheia") is a large set of math books about geometry, written by the ancient Greek mathematician known as Euclid (c.325 BC–265 BC) in Alexandria (Egypt) circa 300 BC. The set has 13 volumes, or sections, and has been printed often as 13 physical books (numbered I-XIII), rather than one large book. It has been translated into Latin, with the title ""Euclidis Elementorum"". It is the most famous mathmetical text from ancient times.

paragraphs: Euclid collected together all that was known of geometry in his time. His "Elements" is the main source of ancient geometry. Textbooks based on Euclid have been used up to the present day. In the book, he starts out from a small set of axioms (that is, a group of things that everyone thinks are true). Euclid then shows the properties of geometric objects and of whole numbers, based on those axioms.

paragraphs: The "Elements" also includes works on perspective, conic sections, spherical geometry, and possibly quadric surfaces. Apart from geometry, the work also includes number theory. Euclid came up with the idea of "greatest common divisors". They were in his "Elements". The greatest common divisor of two numbers is the greatest number that can divide evenly into both of the two numbers.

paragraphs: The geometrical system described in the "Elements" was long known simply as "geometry" and was considered to be the only geometry possible. Today, that system is referred to as "Euclidean geometry", to distinguish it from other so-called "non-Euclidean geometries" which mathematicians discovered in the 19th century.

paragraphs: Occasionally in ancient times, writings were attributed to celebrated authors but were not written by them. It is in this way that the apocryphal books XIV and XV of the Elements were sometimes included in the collection. The spurious Book XIV was probably written by Hypsicles on the basis of a treatise by Apollonius of Perga. The book continues Euclid's comparison of regular solids inscribed in spheres. The chief result is that the ratio of the surfaces of the dodecahedron and icosahedron inscribed in the same sphere is the same as the ratio of their volumes.

paragraphs: The spurious Book XV was probably written, at least in part, by Isidore of Miletus. This book covers topics such as counting the number of edges and solid angles in the regular solids, and finding the measure of dihedral angles of faces that meet at an edge.

paragraphs: "Euclid's Elements – All thirteen books in one volume", based on Heath's translation, Green Lion Press, .

paragraphs: "The Elements: Books I-XIII-Complete and Unabridged" (2006), translated by Sir Thomas Heath, Barnes & Noble, .


title: Gene duplication

paragraphs: Gene duplication (or gene amplification) is any duplication of a region of DNA that contains a gene.

paragraphs: Gene duplication is important in supplying raw genetic material – new genes – to biological evolution. This has been recognized since the 1930s. Recent genomic sequence data show that duplicated genes are common in all organisms surveyed.

paragraphs: In classical genetics it may occur as an error in crossing-over during meiosis, or the duplication of an entire chromosome.

paragraphs: In non-classical genetics it may happen by a retrotransposition event.

paragraphs: The second copy of the gene is often relatively free from selective pressure. Mutations of it have no deleterious effects to its host organism. Thus it accumulates mutations faster than a functional single-copy gene, over generations.

paragraphs: A duplication is the opposite of a deletion. Duplications arise from unequal crossing-over that occurs during meiosis between misaligned homologous chromosomes. The product of this recombination are a duplication at the site of the exchange and a reciprocal deletion.

paragraphs: Gene duplication is believed to play a major role in evolution; this idea was first suggested 100 years ago. Susumu Ohno was one of the most famous developers of this theory in his classic book "Evolution by gene duplication" (1970). Ohno argued that gene duplication is the most important evolutionary force since the emergence of the last universal common ancestor (LUCA).

paragraphs: Major genome duplication events are not uncommon. It is believed that the entire yeast genome underwent duplication about 100 million years ago. Plants are the most prolific genome duplicators. For example, wheat is hexaploid (a kind of polyploid), meaning that it has six copies of its genome.

paragraphs: Normally, a big change in gene function is resisted because the original function is needed, but after a duplication one gene carries on the original function. Therefore, a change of function in the second copy is possible without loss of fitness.

paragraphs: This freedom from consequences allows for more mutations to be 'carried' in the population. Some of these might increase the fitness of the organism or code for a new function.

paragraphs: The two genes that exist after a gene duplication event are called paralogs and usually code for proteins with a similar function and/or structure. By contrast, orthologous genes are ones which code for proteins with similar functions but exist in different species, and are created from species-splitting.


title: Margins

paragraphs: In typesetting, the page margins (with header and footer) are the borders of the page outside of the regular text to be shown.

paragraphs: Other special margins can be used, beyond the typical 4, to provide additional margin settings on a page.

paragraphs: For webpages (such as on the Internet), the margins can be set by using CSS style sheet directives, such as:

paragraphs: Each page, and each image or formatted table on a page, can have the 4 margins set, separately.


title: Gladstone, South Australia

paragraphs: Gladstone is a small town in South Australia about 200 km north of Adelaide. In 2006 the population was 629.

paragraphs: It is in the middle of a farming area that grows wheat and raises sheep, but Gladstone is important because it has lots of very big buildings to store wheat, barley, durum wheat, peas, faba beans and fiesta beans. All together, these buildings store the biggest amount of grains in the Southern Hemisphere in a place not by the sea.

paragraphs: The railways are important to Gladstone so the grains can be moved to the sea and put on ships. The nearest place where this happens is Port Pirie.

paragraphs: The railways are also important to move the grains to the big cities in Australia. Gladstone is on the biggest railway line in Australia that goes between Sydney in the east and Perth in the west. Railway lines also go south to Adelaide, and north to other small towns. Now, all of the railway lines are 4 ft 8 1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) apart. This is called standard gauge. Before 1970, the railway lines going north were 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm) apart (narrow gauge), and the railway lines going south were 5 ft 3 in (1,600 mm) apart (broad gauge). All three "gauges" joined together in Gladstone. Look at the photo to see this. This is very rare. Before 1970, there were only three places in the whole world where this happened.


title: Rosanna Arquette

paragraphs: Rosanna Arquette was born in New York City on August 10, 1959. She is an American actress and movie director. Her notable movies include "Desperately Seeking Susan", "Pulp Fiction" and many other movies. She's also been in TV shows. Many of her family members are also actors.


title: Broadcasting House

paragraphs: Broadcasting House is the headquarters and registered office of the BBC in Portland Place and Langham Place, London.

paragraphs: Broadcasting House is home to BBC Radio 3, BBC Radio 4, and BBC Radio 4 Extra and also houses the BBC Radio Theatre, where music and speech programmes (typically comedy for BBC Radio 4) are recorded in front of a studio audience. It is also the headquarters of the BBC itself and contains the offices of key figures within the organisation, such as the Director General.

paragraphs: The Original Construction of Broadcasting House took place in 1932, and opened on the 14 May 1932, 8 years after the corporation was created and was built as a housing for all their current operations, of offices and radio operations. Architect George Val Myer designed the building in collaboration with the BBC's civil engineer, M T Tudsbery. The original interiors were the work of the Australian-Irish architect Raymond McGrath. He set up and directed a team that included Serge Chermayeff and Wells Coates and designed the vaudeville studio, the associated green and dressing rooms, and the dance and chamber music studios in a flowing Art Deco style. It was later said of his efforts that "the designs for the BBC gave the first real fillip to industrial design in England".

paragraphs: The building was designed with the radio elements, such as the studios, in a central location constructed of Portland stone. The remainder of the building was steel framed and faced with Portland stone on the outside. These areas housed the offices, so that they could be both away from the noise of the radio operations, and have access to daylight. Issues with local residents also caused the structure to be changed: The east side of the building blocked out the light to local residents, and after complaints and seeking the right of ancient lights, the building was changed so that the East side of the building had a sloped roof. The building also faced issues with the fact that both the Bakerloo and the Victoria lines of the London Underground, as well as sewers 100 years old ran under the site.

paragraphs: The building also incorporated other elements, the ground floor of the building was fitted with floor to ceiling windows overlooking the street, as it was believed that to finance such a project (costing £25,000,000 in today's money) they would need to rent out the ground floor as a retail unit. This however never occurred, as the Corporation expanded so quickly the space was needed by the BBC.


title: Talcahuano

paragraphs: Talcahuano is a commune, city and port in Chile with 171.383 inhabitants and an area of 92.3 square kilometres, all according to the census of 2002. Additionally, this city is known as the first military, industrial and fishing port in the history of Chile.

paragraphs: "Talcahuano" was declared and founded on 1764 like a port city by Antonio Guill y Gonzaga. This city and the port was well known by some American whaleships on 19th century.

paragraphs: The name "Talcahuano" comes from "Talcahueñu", in honor to the Araucanian chief when Spaniards came to the zone. "Talcahueñu" also means "Thundering Sky" on mapudungun language.


title: Volkswagen First Act

paragraphs: Volkswagen First Act is a guitar created by first act in partnership with Volkswagen.

paragraphs: Volkswagen initiated a campaign in 2006 in which the company gave away special edition First Act guitars along with a special series car. The stereos in these Volkswagen could be used as an amplifier for the guitar. An accompanying ad campaign featured guitarists Slash, John Mayer, and Nigel Tufnel of Spinal Tap playing First Act guitars through the sound systems of Volkswagen automobiles.


title: Halloween (1978 movie)

paragraphs: Halloween is a 1978 slasher movie and the first film in the "Halloween" movie series. On Halloween 1963 in Illinois, six year old Michael Myers murders his sister. Fifteen years later, he escapes from a psychiatric hospital, returns home, and stalks teenager Laurie Strode and her friends.

paragraphs: It was remade in 2007. The movie's script was created and the movie was filmed in under twenty days.

paragraphs: On Halloween night 1963, in the town of Haddonfield, Illinois, six-year-old Michael Myers, dressed in a clown costume, stabs his older sister Judith to death with a kitchen knife in their home. Fifteen years later, on October 30, 1978, Michael's psychiatrist, Dr. Samuel Loomis, and his colleague, Marion Chambers, arrive at Warren County's Smith's Grove Sanitarium to escort Michael to court. Michael escapes the sanitarium, stealing Loomis' car in the process, and returning home to Haddonfield.

paragraphs: On the road, Michael kills a mechanic for his coveralls. He then steals a mask, knives, and rope from a local hardware store. The following day, on Halloween, Michael begins stalking high school student Laurie Strode after she drops off a key at his former house, so her father can sell it. Throughout the day, Laurie notices Michael following her, but her best friends Annie Brackett and Lynda Van der Klok dismiss her concerns. Loomis arrives in Haddonfield in search of Michael, visiting Judith's grave in the local cemetery, only to find her tombstone stolen. He meets with Haddonfield's sheriff, Leigh Brackett, Annie's father, and they both go to Michael's house, where Loomis tries to convince Sheriff Brackett about the danger Michael poses. Sheriff Brackett patrols the streets while Loomis waits at the house, expecting Michael to return.

paragraphs: Later that night, Laurie babysits Tommy Doyle, while Annie babysits Lindsey Wallace just across the street, unaware that Michael has followed them. When Annie's boyfriend, Paul, calls her to come and pick him up, she takes Lindsey over to the Doyle house to spend the night with Laurie and Tommy. Annie is just about to leave in her car when Michael, who had hidden in the back seat, strangles her and slits her throat. Soon after, Lynda and her boyfriend Bob Simms arrive at the Wallace house. After having sex, Bob goes downstairs to get a beer for Lynda, but Michael fatally stabs him. Michael then poses as Bob in a ghost costume and confronts Lynda, who teases him, to no effect. Annoyed, Lynda calls Laurie, but Michael strangles Lynda with the telephone wire just as Laurie picks up. Meanwhile, Loomis discovers the stolen car and begins searching the streets.

paragraphs: Suspicious, Laurie goes over to the Wallace house, and finds the bodies of Annie, Bob, and Lynda in an upstairs bedroom, as well as Judith Myers' headstone. Horrified, Laurie cowers in a hallway, when Michael suddenly appears and attacks her, slashing her arm. Barely escaping, Laurie flees back to the Doyle house. Michael follows, but Laurie manages to fend him off long enough for Tommy and Lindsey to escape, defending herself by stabbing him with a knitting needle, a metal hanger, and his own knife. Loomis sees Tommy and Lindsey fleeing the house, and investigates and sees Michael attacking Laurie. Loomis shoots Myers off the balcony; when Loomis goes to check Michael's body, he finds it missing. Loomis stares off into the night, while Laurie begins sobbing in terror. As various shots of the Doyle and Wallace houses are displayed, the Myers house is shown, as sounds of Michael's breathing are heard, leaving his whereabouts in further doubt.


title: Althea Gibson

paragraphs: Althea Gibson (August 25, 1927 – September 28, 2003) was a World No. 1 American sportswoman who became the first African-American woman to be a competitor on the world tennis tour and the first to win a Grand Slam title in 1956. She is sometimes known as "the Jackie Robinson of tennis" for breaking the color barrier. Gibson was a member of Alpha Kappa Alpha sorority.

paragraphs: Althea Gibson was born at 9:00 am EDT on August 25, 1927 in Silver, Clarendon County, South Carolina to Daniel and Annie Bell Gibson. Althea had two siblings, a brother, Daniel Jr. (known as "Bubba") and a sister, Mildred.

paragraphs: Gibson played tennis while going to school for an education. In 1946, she moved to Wilmington, North Carolina, to work on her tennis game with Dr. Hubert A. Eaton and enrolled at Williston High School.

paragraphs: In 1958, Gibson retired from amateur tennis. Before the open era of tennis began, there was no prize money, other than an expense allowance, and no endorsement contracts. To begin earning prize money, tennis players had to give up their amateur status. As there was no professional tour for women, Gibson was limited to playing in a series of exhibition tours.

paragraphs: According to Lance Tingay of "The Daily Telegraph" and the "Daily Mail", Gibson was ranked in the world top ten from 1956 through 1958, reaching a career high of No. 1 in those rankings in 1957 and 1958. Gibson was included in the year-end top ten rankings issued by the United States Tennis Association in 1952 and 1953 and from 1955 through 1958. She was the top-ranked U.S. player in 1957 and 1958. In 1957 Althea became the first African American woman to win Wimbledon. She won again in 1958. In 1958, she appeared as the celebrity challenger on the TV panel show "What's My Line?".

paragraphs: In retirement, Gibson wrote her autobiography and in 1959 recorded an album, "Althea Gibson Sings", as well as appearing in the motion picture, "The Horse Soldiers." In 1964, she became the first African American woman to play in the Ladies Professional Golf Association. However, she was too old to be successful and only played for a few years.

paragraphs: In 1971, Gibson was inducted into the International Tennis Hall of Fame, and in 1975, she was appointed the New Jersey state commissioner of athletics. After 10 years on the job, she went on to work in other public service positions, including serving on the governor's council on physical fitness. In later years, she suffered two cerebral aneurysms and, in 1992, a stroke. A few years later, Gibson called her former doubles partner Angela Buxton and told her she was considering suicide, as she was living on welfare and unable to pay for rent or medication. Buxton arranged for a letter to appear in a tennis magazine. Buxton told Gibson nothing about the letter, but the latter received nearly US $1 million from around the world.

paragraphs: Gibson was married twice. Her first marriage to William Darben took place on October 17, 1965, but the couple was divorced in 1976, eleven years later. Darben died in 1995. She was also married to Sydney Llewellyn on April 11, 1983 and was divorced from him in 1988.

paragraphs: On September 28, 2003, at the age of 76, Gibson died in East Orange, New Jersey due to infections. She was buried there in the Rosedale Cemetery, at Orange, New Jersey.

paragraphs: On the opening night of the 2007 US Open, the 50th anniversary of Gibson's victory at the US Championships in 1957 (now the US Open), Gibson was inducted into US Open Court of Champions. She was a 1994 inductee of the Sports Hall of Fame of New Jersey and 2009 inductee of the New Jersey Hall of Fame. In September 2009, the City of Wilmington, NC named its new community tennis complex the Althea Gibson Tennis Center.

paragraphs: Gibson became the first African American woman to join the Ladies Professional Golf Association tour, in 1964. Her best finish on the tour was a tie for second after a three-way playoff at the 1970 Len Immke Buick Open. Gibson retired from professional golf at the end of the 1978 season.

paragraphs: A = did not participate in the tournament

paragraphs: SR = the ratio of the number of Grand Slam singles tournaments won to the number of those tournaments played


title: Ciyos Guran

paragraphs: Ciyos Guran (born 28 May 1938 in Orim, Mazandaran, Iran) is an Iranian poet and writer. He writes Mazandarani and Persian poems.


title: Common descent

paragraphs: In evolutionary biology, a group of organisms have common descent if they have a common ancestor. "There is strong quantitative support, by a formal test" for the theory that all living organisms on Earth are descended from a common ancestor.

paragraphs: Charles Darwin proposed the theory of universal common descent through an evolutionary process in "On the Origin of Species", saying, "There is a grandeur in this view of life, with its several powers, having been originally breathed into a few forms or into one".

paragraphs: The last universal ancestor (LUA) (or last universal common ancestor, LUCA), that is viewed by evolutionary theory to be most recent common ancestor of all currently living organisms, is believed to have appeared about 3.9 billion years ago.

paragraphs: In the 1740s, Pierre-Louis Maupertuis made the first known suggestion that all organisms may have had a common ancestor, and that they had diverged through random variation and struggle for existence. In "Essai de Cosmologie", Maupertuis noted:

paragraphs: Could one not say that, in the fortuitous combinations of the productions of nature, as there must be some characterized by a certain relation of fitness which are able to subsist, it is not to be wondered at that this fitness is present in all the species that are currently in existence? Chance, one would say, produced an innumerable multitude of individuals; a small number found themselves constructed in such a manner that the parts of the animal were able to satisfy its needs; in another infinitely greater number, there was neither fitness nor order: all of these latter have perished... The species we see today are but the smallest part of what blind destiny has produced...

paragraphs: All known forms of life are based on the same fundamental biochemical organisation.

paragraphs: Genetic information is encoded in DNA, and transcribed into RNA, then translated into proteins by (highly similar) ribosomes, with ATP, NADH and others as energy sources, etc.

paragraphs: The similarities include the energy carrier adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and the fact that all amino acids found in proteins are left-handed (chirality).

paragraphs: Furthermore, the genetic code (the "translation table" according to which DNA information is translated into proteins) is nearly identical for all known lifeforms, from bacteria to humans.

paragraphs: The universality of this code is generally regarded by biologists as definitive evidence in favor of the theory of universal common descent. Analysis of the small differences in the genetic code has also provided support for universal common descent. A statistical comparison of various alternative hypotheses has shown that universal common ancestry is significantly more probable than models involving multiple origins.

paragraphs: Another important piece of evidence is that it is possible to construct detailed phylogenetic trees (that is, "genealogic trees" of species) mapping out the proposed divisions and common ancestors of all living species. In 2010 an analysis of available genetic data, mapping them to phylogenetic trees, gave "firm quantitative support for the unity of life. ...there is now strong quantitative support, by a formal test, for the unity of life.

paragraphs: Traditionally, these trees have been built using morphological methods, such as comparative anatomy, embryology, etc. Recently, it has been possible to construct these trees using molecular data, based on similarities and differences between genetic and protein sequences. All these methods produce essentially similar results. That phylogenetic trees based on different types of information agree with each other is strong evidence of an underlying common descent.

paragraphs: Some things are deduced about LUA. It was not the very first cell, but one whose descendents survived beyond the very early stages of microbial evolution. On the basis of their presence in eubacteria, archaea, and eukaryotes, about 325 proteins were present in the LUA.

paragraphs: These amino acids were probably the first to be built into proteins: alanine, asparagine, aspartic acid, glycine, histidine, isoleucine, serine, threonine, and valine. These amino acids were also found in spark tube simulations, and analysis of the Murchison meteorite. The other amino acids, later additions to the genetic code, include several of the most complex amino acids.


title: Accuracy and precision

paragraphs: The accuracy and precision of measurements have special meanings in the fields of science, engineering, industry and statistics.

paragraphs: A measurement system can be accurate but not precise, precise but not accurate, neither, or both. For example, if an experiment contains a error in the way it is done, then increasing the sample size generally increases precision but does not improve accuracy. The end result would be a consistent, yet inaccurate, set of results from the flawed experiment. Eliminating the systematic error improves accuracy but does not change precision.

paragraphs: A measurement system is valid if it is both "accurate" and "precise". Related terms include "bias" (non-random or directed effects caused by a factor or factors unrelated to the independent variable) and "error" (random variability).

paragraphs: The terminology is also applied to indirect measurements—that is, values obtained by a computational procedure from observed data.

paragraphs: In addition to accuracy and precision, measurements may also have a measurement resolution, which is the smallest change in the underlying physical quantity that produces a response in the measurement.

paragraphs: The word "precision" also refers to how fine the measurement is made, as the "resolution" of the measurement, such as to the nearest meter, centimeter, or yard, foot, inch, or nanometer.

paragraphs: In the case of full reproducibility, such as when rounding a number to a representable floating point number, the word "precision" has a meaning not related to reproducibility. For example, in the IEEE 754-2008 standard, it means the number of bits in the significand (number of digits in the amount), so it is used as a measure for the relative accuracy with which a number can be shown.


title: Humidex

paragraphs: The humidex ("Hyu-mah-deks") is a temperature index used by Canadian meteorologists to describe how hot the weather feels to a person, by adding the effect of heat and humidity. For example, if the temperature is and the calculated humidex is 40, then that means the humid heat feels like a dry temperature of . The index is widely used in Canadian weather reports during summer to give the discomfort level.

paragraphs: According to the Meteorological Service of Canada, a humidex of at least 30 causes "some discomfort", at least 40 causes "great discomfort" and above 45 is "dangerous". When the humidex hits 54, then heat stroke is very near.

paragraphs: The current formula for getting the humidex (see below: Humidex formula) was developed by J.M. Masterton and F.A. Richardson of Canada's Atmospheric Environment Service in 1979. The humidex differs from the heat index used in the United States, in being derived from the dew point rather than the relative humidity.

paragraphs: The record highest humidex in Canada occurred on July 25, 2007, when Carman, Manitoba hit 53.0. That number broke the previous record of 52.1 set during 1953 in Windsor, Ontario (The residents of Windsor would not have known it at the time, since the humidex had yet to be invented).

paragraphs: When the temperature is 30 °C (86 °F) and the dew point is 15 °C (59 °F), the humidex is 34. Note how humidex is a dimensionless number, but it indicates an approximate temperature in °C. If the temperature remains and the dew point rises to , the humidex rises to 42. The humidex tends to be higher than the U.S. heat index at equal temperature and relative humidity.