title: Iran–Contra affair

paragraphs: The Iran-Contra affair was a scandal that happened from August 1985 to March 1987. The scandal involved the United States Government selling weapons to Iran in exchange for hostages and to fund the Nicaraguan Contras. It happened under President Ronald Reagan's government. When 1,500 missiles were shipped three hostages were released but those three hostages were soon replaced with three more hostages. Secretary of State George Shultz called it “a hostage Bazaar”

paragraphs: Oliver North was tried in court for the affair because he took the blame instead of Reagan. The court found North to be not guilty.

paragraphs: On March 4, 1987, Reagan himself apologized to the American people and said it was all his fault. George H. W. Bush later pardoned anyone who was involved in the affair.

paragraphs: While President Ronald Reagan was a supporter of the Contra cause, the evidence is unclear as to whether he knew about the scandal.

paragraphs: On November 25, 1986, President Reagan announced the creation of a Special Review Board to look into the matter; the following day, he appointed former Senator John Tower, former Secretary of State Edmund Muskie, and former National Security Adviser Brent Scowcroft to serve as members. This commission was called the Tower Commission. Towards the end, the committee said that there was no evidence to say that Reagan had anything to do with the affair.


title: Maureen Reagan

paragraphs: Maureen Elizabeth Reagan (January 4, 1941 – August 8, 2001) was an American television and movie actress. She was the first child of Ronald Reagan and his first wife, Jane Wyman. Her brother was Michael Reagan (adopted). She also had a sister, Christine, who died shortly after birth. She also has a brother and sister from her father's second marriage, to Nancy Davis: Patti Davis and Ron Reagan.

paragraphs: Maureen Reagan died from melanoma in Granite Bay, California. She was aged 60.


title: Michael Reagan

paragraphs: Michael Edward Reagan (born John Flaugher; March 18, 1945) is an American radio show host. He is the adopted son of Ronald Reagan and Jane Wyman. He hosted the radio show "The Michael Reagan Talk Show".

paragraphs: He was born in Los Angeles, California to Irene Flaugher. Reagan has had small roles in movies and television shows since 1985, including "Falcon Crest" which starred his mother, Jane Wyman. In 1971 Reagan married Pamela Gail Putnam (born 1952). She is the daughter of Duane Putnam, who was then the Atlanta Falcons football line coach. The couple divorced in 1972.


title: Patti Davis

paragraphs: Patti Davis (born October 21, 1952) is an American actress, model and author. She is the daughter of late U.S. President Ronald Reagan and Reagan's second wife, Nancy Reagan.

paragraphs: Davis was born in Los Angeles. In 2013, she published a book called "Till Human Voices Wake Us".


title: Ron Reagan

paragraphs: Ronald Prescott "Ron" Reagan (born May 20, 1958 in Los Angeles, California) is an American political commentator. He presents his commentary on the radio. He currently works for MSNBC as a political analyst.

paragraphs: Reagan is a Democrat and an atheist despite being the son of Republican President Ronald Reagan. His mother was Nancy Reagan. He is often incorrectly called Ronald Reagan Jr. or Ronald Reagan II. In 2011 he wrote a book on his father called "My Father at 100".


title: Eureka College

paragraphs: Eureka College is a Christian liberal arts college in the United States. It is in Eureka, Illinois. It was established in 1855. Abraham Lincoln once spoke on the campus of the college in 1856. Ronald Reagan graduated from the college in 1932. In 2010, Eureka College was made a national historic district by the National Park Service.


title: Lieutenant Governor of California

paragraphs: The Lieutenant Governor of California is an important political office in the state of California. If the Governor of California is unable to serve or dies in office, the Lieutenant Governor serves as Governor instead. The current Lieutenant Governor is Eleni Kounalakis. The office was created in 1849.


title: Robert Finch (American politician)

paragraphs: Robert Hutchison Finch (October 9, 1925 - October 10, 1995) was an American politician. He was a Republican politician from La Canada Flintridge, California. He served as the Lieutenant Governor of California under the term of Ronald Reagan from 1967 to 1969.

paragraphs: He was born in Tempe, Arizona. He was the son of Robert L. Finch, a member of the Arizona House of Representatives.


title: Edwin Reinecke

paragraphs: Edwin "Ed" Reinecke (January 7, 1924 – December 24, 2016) was an American politician. He served in the U.S. House of Representatives. He also served under Ronald Reagan as the 39th Lieutenant Governor of California from 1969 to 1974.

paragraphs: Reinecke was born on January 7, 1924 in Medford, Oregon. He died on December 24, 2016 in Laguna Hills, California of natural causes, aged 92.


title: John L. Harmer

paragraphs: John Loren Harmer (April 28, 1934 – December 6, 2019) was an American politician. Harmer served in the California State Senate from 1966 to 1974. He was a member of the Republican Party. He served as the 40th Lieutenant Governor of California from 1974 to 1975. He was given the job by Governor Ronald Reagan, who was leaving office at the time.

paragraphs: Harmer wrote the book "Reagan: Man of Principle".

paragraphs: Harmer died on December 6, 2019 in Bountiful, Utah at the age of 85.


title: Pat Brown

paragraphs: Edmund Gerald "Pat" Brown, Sr. (April 21, 1905 – February 16, 1996) was an American politician. Brown served as the 32nd Governor of California from 1959 to 1967. He is the father of the 34th and 39th Governor of California, Jerry Brown. He was succeeded by Ronald Reagan as Governor, but Reagan was soon succeeded by Brown's son Jerry. Brown ran for President of the United States three times; in 1976, 1980 and in 1992.


title: Robert Montgomery

paragraphs: Robert Montgomery (May 21, 1904 – September 27, 1981) was an American actor and director. He was born in Beacon, New York. He starred in many movies, including "Night Must Fall". He died in New York City from cancer. He was cremated.


title: Howard Keel

paragraphs: Howard Clifford Keel (April 13, 1919 – November 7, 2004) was an American actor and singer. He was born in 1919. He starred in many movies, including "Man of La Mancha" and "Kiss Me, Kate". He died of colon cancer in 2004.


title: George Chandler

paragraphs: George Chandler (June 30, 1898 – June 10, 1985) was an American actor. He starred in many movies, including "The Fatal Glass of Bear" and in "Brother, Can You Spare a Dime?". He also starred in the 1954 television series "Lassie".

paragraphs: Chandler was born in Waukegan, Illinois. He served in the United States Army during World War II. In his early career, he was a vaudeville performer.

paragraphs: Chandler's first movie appearance was in 1928. In 1960, Chandler was elected president of the Screen Actors Guild.

paragraphs: Chandler died in Los Angeles from complications of cancer-related surgery on June 10, 1985, aged 86.


title: 1986 United States bombing of Libya

paragraphs: The bombing of Libya by the United States in 1986 was code-named Operation El Dorado Canyon. It was a series of air-strikes against Libya on 15 April 1986 ordered by President Ronald Reagan. The attack was made by the U.S. Air Force, U.S. Navy and the U.S. Marine Corps. It was in response to the bombing of a discotheque in Berlin. It was reported that 40 Libyan people were killed. One U.S. plane was shot down, killing two soldiers.


title: Century City

paragraphs: Century City is a small city west of Los Angeles, in the United States. It is next to Beverly Hills. About 5,900 people live here.


title: Ghazi Mashal Ajil al-Yawer

paragraphs: Ghazi Mashal Ajil al-Yawar (, born 1958) is an Iraqi politician. He was the Vice President of Iraq from 2005 to 2006. He then served as President of Iraq from 2004 to 2005.


title: Lesley Stahl

paragraphs: Lesley Rene Stahl (born December 16, 1941) is an American television journalist. Since 1991, she has reported for CBS on "60 Minutes".

paragraphs: Stahl was born in Lynn, Massachusetts. She was raised in Swampscott, Massachusetts.


title: Edith Windsor

paragraphs: Edith "Edie" Windsor (née Schlain; June 20, 1929 – September 12, 2017) was an American lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) rights activist and a former technology manager at IBM.

paragraphs: Windsor was the lead plaintiff in the Supreme Court of the United States case "United States v. Windsor", which successfully overturned Section 3 of the Defense of Marriage Act and was considered a landmark legal victory for the same-sex marriage movement in the United States.

paragraphs: Windsor died in Manhattan, New York on September 12, 2017 at the age of 88.

paragraphs: Windsor was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, to James and Celia Schlain, a Russian Jewish immigrant family of modest means. She was the youngest of three children. During her childhood, her family suffered as a result of the Great Depression, and her father lost both his candy-and-ice-cream store and their home above it. In school, she at times experienced anti-Semitism. Throughout school, she dated boys her age, but said later she recalls having crushes on girls.

paragraphs: Windsor received her bachelor's degree from Temple University in 1950. In 1955, she began pursuing a master's degree in mathematics, which she obtained from New York University in 1957. She then joined IBM, where she worked for the next sixteen years. During this time, she spent two semesters studying applied mathematics at Harvard University on an IBM fellowship.


title: Flag of Ecuador

paragraphs: The national flag of Ecuador was created in September 1860.

paragraphs: It has three horizontal bands in light yellow, blue and red. In the center it features an eagle over the Seal of Ecuador.


title: Flag of Chicago

paragraphs: The flag of Chicago was created in 1917 by Wallace Rice. Stars were added to the flag in 1933 and 1939.

paragraphs: It has five horizontal bands. The first, third and last are white and the second and fourth are light blue. There are four stars in the middle in which each represents an important event in the city's history.

paragraphs: In a review by the North American Vexillological Association of 150 American city flags, the Chicago city flag was ranked second best with a rating of 9.03 out of 10, behind only the flag of Washington, D.C.


title: Flag of Illinois

paragraphs: The flag of Illinois was adopted in 1915. The flag has the state seal of Illinois surrounded by white. This original design was changed in 1961 to add the name of the state at the bottom of the flag.


title: Flag of Vatican City

paragraphs: The national flag of the Vatican City is also the flag of the Holy See. It was created in 1929 as a direct order from Pope Pius XI.

paragraphs: It has two vertical stripes in light yellow and white. The original flag had yellow and red stripes. The flag also features the Vatican City's coat of arms.


title: St Peter's College, Oxford

paragraphs: St Peter's College is one of the colleges of the University of Oxford. The college was founded in 1929. It became a full college of the University in 1961.

paragraphs: The college is located on the site of the former New Hall Inn. Its oldest buildings are Linden House (1794) and Canal House (1828). Both were former headquarters of the Oxford Canal Company.


title: Somerville College, Oxford

paragraphs: Somerville College is one of the colleges of the University of Oxford. It was founded in 1879 as a women's college. The college was named after Mary Somerville, a prominent scientist, mathematician and astronomer. Somerville supported women's suffrage and education. The college first admitted male students in 1994.

paragraphs: Famous graduates of the college include Anthea Bell, Indira Gandhi, Sam Gyimah, Dorothy Hodgkin, Iris Murdoch and Margaret Thatcher.


title: William Mapother

paragraphs: William Reibert Mapother, Jr. (; born April 17, 1965) is an American actor. He is best known for his role as Ethan Rom on the television series "Lost".

paragraphs: Mapother was born in Louisville, Kentucky. He is the son of Louisa (née Riehm) and William Reibert Mapother, Sr. He is of English, Irish, and mostly German ancestry.

paragraphs: He is a first cousin of actor Tom Cruise, whose real name is Thomas Cruise Mapother IV. Mapother has appeared in five movies starring Cruise. He had tiny roles in "Minority Report" and "Vanilla Sky", and supporting roles in "", "Born on the Fourth of July" and "Magnolia". Mapother has two sisters, Katherine and Amy. His father was a lawyer and judge in Louisville, between 1967 and 1970. His father died on June 22, 2006.

paragraphs: Mapother graduated from the University of Notre Dame. He majored in English. Then, he taught high school in East Los Angeles for three years before becoming an actor.

paragraphs: Mapother has become widely known as a character actor. He sometimes plays scary or otherwise dark characters. He played an important role in Todd Field's "In the Bedroom". Mapother is more widely known as Ethan Rom in the TV show "Lost". The character was killed early in the first season. Since then, however, he has appeared in seven episodes mainly through flashbacks, once due to time travel and another in an alternate timeline. In total, he appeared in eleven episodes of "Lost".

paragraphs: Mapother has also had major roles in several independent movies, such as "The Lather Effect", "Moola", "Hurt" and "Another Earth". Mapother starred in "The Burrowers" as a Native American fighter who joins a posse to help find missing white settlers, only to discover that the hunters have become the hunted.

paragraphs: In September 2007, he was elected to a three-year term on the National Board of Directors for the Screen Actors Guild.


title: PopMatters

paragraphs: PopMatters is an online magazine about popular culture. It was started in 1999 by Sarah Zupko. "PopMatters" publishes reviews, interviews, and essays about music, television, movies, books, video games, comics, sports, and the internet.


title: Rachel Lloyd

paragraphs: Rachel Lloyd (born 1975) is an English activist against sex trafficking. Lloyd moved to the United States in 1997. In 1998 she started the Girls Educational and Mentoring Services. A documentary was made about it called "Very Young Girls". It was released in 2007. In 2011 her book " Girls Like Us: Fighting for a World Where Girls Are Not for Sale, an Activist Finds Her Calling and Heals Herself" was published.

paragraphs: Lloyd was born in Portsmouth. She left school when she was 13 to work. She tried to kill herself three times. When she was 17 years old, she moved to Germany. She worked there as a prostitute for two years. When her pimp tried to kill her, she went to a church to live. Lloyd moved to the United States in 1997. She went back to school and got a General Educational Diploma. Then she went to university. There she got a Master’s degree in urban anthropology.


title: Death of Mark Duggan

paragraphs: Mark Duggan, a 29-year-old who lived in Tottenham, north London, was shot in Tottenham by a Metropolitan Police officer on 4 August 2011. Police had been trying to arrest Duggan because he had been carrying a handgun and they thought he was planning to shoot someone. Duggan died at the scene from a bullet wound to his chest. The 2011 England riots started on 6 August 2011 because some criminals used Duggan's death as an excuse to burgle shops and set fire to things. They lasted until 11 August 2011. Five people were killed.

paragraphs: On 31 January 2013, Kevin Hutchinson-Foster was found guilty of giving Duggan a gun and was sent to prison.

paragraphs: An inquest into Duggan's death began on 16 September 2013. On 8 January 2014 a jury decided that his death was a lawful killing. It was decided that it was lawful because the police officer who shot Duggan told the jury he believed that Duggan was holding a gun and was going to shoot it. Witness B said that Duggan was not holding a gun. He said that Duggan was holding a mobile phone. There was a gun in a sock 10–14 feet away from where Duggan was shot. The sock and the gun did not have Duggan's DNA on them. Duggan's family were angry about the jury's verdict.

paragraphs: On 11 January there was a vigil for Duggan outside Tottenham police station. Hundreds of prostesters were there.

paragraphs: There was tension between black people and the police in Tottenham before and since the Broadwater Farm riot in 1985.

paragraphs: Duggan was born on 15 September 1981 to a white mother, Pamela Duggan, and a black father, Bruno Hall. He grew up in Broadwater Farm. At age 13, he left home to live with one of his maternal aunts in Manchester. Duggan had three children with his partner Semone Wilson at the time of his death, as well as three other children by other women.

paragraphs: After his death police and other people said that he was a drug dealer. His family and friends said that he was not. Tony Thompson of the "London Evening Standard" wrote that Duggan may have been one of the first members of North London's "Star Gang". Duggan's family said that "He was not a gang member and he had no criminal record." Duggan had been convicted of having cannabis in 2000 and having things that he knew had been stolen in 2007. "The Daily Mail" said that he had also been arrested many times. The things he was arrested for included the murder of Gavin Smith and attempted murder. He was not charged with the murder of Smith because there was not enough evidence.

paragraphs: In March 2011 Duggan's cousin had been stabbed to death at a nightclub. Some people said that this made Duggan want to carry a gun.

paragraphs: Duggan was under investigation by Operation Trident. "Trident have jammed me," he wrote in a text message minutes before his death.

paragraphs: Officers of the Metropolitan Police Service stopped a cab that was carrying Duggan as a passenger at about 6:15pm on 4 August 2011. They did this because they had been told that Duggan had a gun. A firearms officer said that Duggan got out of the cab and pulled a gun from his waistband. He then ran away. Police shot him twice. An eyewitness said that Duggan "was shot while he was pinned to the floor by police." Paramedics came, but he died before he could be taken to hospital. A 9mm gun was found 10–14 feet away from where Duggan was shot on the other side of the fence. Witnesses told the IPCC that they saw police throw the gun over the fence.

paragraphs: Police waited a day and a half to tell Duggan's family to tell them that Duggan was dead.

paragraphs: The 2011 riots started with the peaceful protest of Duggan's death.

paragraphs: At about 5:30pm on 6 August 2011, Duggan's family and people living in the area marched from Broadwater Farm to Tottenham Police Station. They chanted "we want answers". Around 8pm a 16-year-old girl was beaten by police with a baton. A witness said that she had thrown something at the police. Around 8:20pm members of a crowd waiting to speak to a police officer set fire to two police cars. The next day people rioted in other areas of London. Most of the rioters were young men. On August 9 a man died after being shot in Croydon on August 8. On August 10 three men were killed in a hit-and-run. A man died on 8 August from injuries from an attack by a mob. By 15 August 2011, about 3,100 people had been arrested.

paragraphs: Duggan's death quickly became a big news story. Duggan was called a 'gangster' and a 'thug' by the "Daily Mail". On September 8 2011 an article by Martin Samuda, a friend of Duggan, was published in "The Guardian". Duggan's brother Shaun Hall also wrote an article for "The Guardian" in September 2013 which said that Duggan's family did not trust the police anymore.

paragraphs: On 9 September 2011 there was a funeral for Duggan. Thousands of people were there.

paragraphs: In 2012 Duggan's father died from cancer.

paragraphs: A public inquest into Duggan's death started on 16 September 2013. The jury learned that Duggan had been killed by a 9mm hollow-point round. A hollow-point bullet. Two witnesses said that they saw a police officer move something from the minicab to the place where the gun was found. Duggan's lawyers argued that police had put the gun found near where Duggan was killed there to make Duggan's killing look lawful. The officer who killed Duggan said Duggan was still holding a gun when both shots were fired. 9 of the jury decided that Mark Duggan threw the firearm on to the grass.

paragraphs: On 11 December 2013 students protested outside the Royal Courts of Justice during the inquest.

paragraphs: On 8 January 2014 the jury decided that Duggan's death had been a lawful killing. People living in Tottenham said that there may be more riots because of this.


title: Prince of Condé

paragraphs: The title of Prince of Condé was a title used in France while the country was a monarchy For example prior to 1793. The holder of the title was a member of the extended royal family and therefore held the rank and further title of prince of the blood and the style of Serene Highness but the style was only used when in writing. The holder of the title also held the important further rank of First Prince of the blood. The heir was usually given the title of Duke of Bourbon and at other times the Duke of Enghien. The title was "only" to be inherited by the male line as females were expelled from to succeeding to titles. The title existed for almost two centuries and during that time the prince was one of the highest ranking prince behind that of the actual royal family.

paragraphs: Over the years the princes were used to make political and financial marriages with member of the wealthy French nobility as well as princesses of other European ruling houses. The prince was a member of the French House of Bourbon.

paragraphs: Princes and princesses of this line of the House of Bourbon are often "incorrectly" surnamed as "Bourbon-Condé". Which is incorrect. Their surname was just "de Bourbon".


title: Tom O'Carroll

paragraphs: Thomas Victor O'Carroll (born 1945) is an Irish writer. He is an activist for pedophiles. He lives in Cumbria.

paragraphs: In 1980 O'Carroll's first book, "Paedophilia: The Radical Case", was published. In the book, O'Carroll talks about his own experiences as a pedophile and about how sex between children and adults is not wrong. The book was taken off Amazon in 2010.

paragraphs: In June 2010 "Michael Jackson's Dangerous Liaisons", a book he wrote about Michael Jackson was published under a pen name.

paragraphs: O'Carroll was first jailed in 1981 for the contact ads in the Paedophile Information Exchange's magazine. In August 2002, O'Carroll was imprisoned for nine months, and jailed again in 2006 for two and a half years for having child pornography.


title: École Polytechnique massacre

paragraphs: The École Polytechnique Massacre, known also as the Montreal Massacre was a school shooting incident on December 6, 1989, which took place at the École Polytechnique de Montréal, an engineering school and faculty that's affiliated with the Université de Montréal in Montreal, Quebec, Canada.

paragraphs: Marc Lépine, a twenty-five year old, shot 28 people and killed 15 people as well as himself (suicide). The shooter targeted women in the attack and said that he was "fighting feminism" and called the women "a bunch of feminists".

paragraphs: He entered the building sometime at 4 p.m. on December 6, 1989 with a Ruger Mini-14 rifle and Hunting knife. After he entered a second floor mechanical engineering class of about sixty students at about 5:10 p.m., he approached a student that was giving a presentation. He ordered that everyone stop what they were doing and both men and women to go to opposite sides of the classroom. Nobody moved at first, believing it to be a joke until he fired a shot into the ceiling. He killed six women and wounded three others there.

paragraphs: After that, he moved to the second floor corridor and wounded three other students before he entered another room where he tried to shoot a female student twice but failed. He reloaded the gun in the emergency staircase and tried to enter the room that he left but the students locked the door. He attempted to unlock it with three gunshots but failed. He moved through the corridor where he shot wounded a student. He went to the financial services office and shot and killed a woman through the window of a door she had locked.

paragraphs: He went down the stairs to the first floor cafeteria which had around a hundred people in it. He shot a woman standing near the kitchens and wounded another student. After hearing the gunshots, everyone scattered. He killed two more women after finding them hiding.

paragraphs: He went up the escalator to the third floor shooting and wounding three students in the corridor. After entering a classroom where a presentation was being held, he shot at the front row and killed two women who were trying to escape. He shot three more female students and killed another. After hearing Maryse Leclair, a student he had shot, ask for help, he took out his hunting knife and stabbed her three times, killing her. He then took off his hat, wrapped his jacket around the gun, said "Ah shit," and then killed himself.


title: Ezra Miller

paragraphs: Ezra Matthew Miller (30, September 1992) is an American actor of Jewish descent. He played Patrick in the 2012 movie "The Perks of Being a Wallflower". For the role he won the Boston Society of Film Critics Award for Best Supporting Actor. He will play Leon in the 2014 movie "Madame Bovary". He has said that he is queer. He comes from the great state of New Jersey once quoting that he loved his hometown very much. As a proud New Jerseyan, he re-visits his hometown at least once a month and hates anyone who discriminates or set horrible stereotypes on his hometown and nationality. He once quoted in a very new New Jerseyan accent, "If I really was a wizard, I'd teleport to New Jersey; If I really was the flash, I'd run to New Jersey; Basically, I love New Jersey. I'd go back everyday just to get a taste of those pork chops."

paragraphs: He appeared in the 2016 movie "" as The Flash. He played the role again on "Suicide Squad" and the 2017 movie "Justice League".

paragraphs: He portrayed Credence Barebone in the 2016 movie "Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them".


title: 5 Tracks

paragraphs: 5 Tracks is second EP by multi-instrumentalist John Cale. It was released in May 2003. It was his first album on EMI Records label. Song called "Wilderness Approaching" features in the Ramin Niami movie "Paris" (2003).


title: British Armed Forces

paragraphs: The British Armed Forces are the armed forces of the United Kingdom. The British Armed Forces are officially called Her Majesty's Armed Forces, and they are sometimes called the Armed Forces of the Crown. The British Armed Forces is made up of three parts: the British Army, the Royal Navy (and the Royal Marines) and the Royal Air Force.

paragraphs: The Commander-in-Chief of the British Armed Forces is the British monarch. Members of the British Armed Forces must swear that they will obey the orders of the monarch (swear allegiance). Under the constitution of the United Kingdom, the armed forces controlled by the Crown, however, because of the 1689 Bill of Rights, the UK cannot have an army during peacetime unless the British Parliament allows it. Nowadays, the British Parliament passes an Armed Forces Act every five years, which means the UK can keep its military. The British Prime Minister is the "de facto" commander of the British Armed Forces.<ref name="United Kingdom 05/06">United Kingdom (05/06), state.gov</ref> The armed forces are managed by the Ministry of Defence.

paragraphs: The British Armed Forces protect the United Kingdom, the British overseas territories and the Crown dependencies. They also take part in United Nations peacekeeping missions. The British Armed Forces often take part in NATO missions. The most recent wars the British Armed Forces have fought are the wars in Afghanistan and Iraq, Operation Palliser, peacekeeping in the Balkans and Cyprus, and defending the no-fly zone over Libya. The British Armed Forces have bases in the following places: Ascension Island, Belize, Brunei, Canada, Diego Garcia, the Falkland Islands, Germany, Gibraltar, Kenya, Qatar and the Sovereign Base Areas (Cyprus).

paragraphs: The United Kingdom tested its first nuclear weapon in Operation Hurricane in 1952. , Britain is one of the five recognised nuclear powers. It has around 225 nuclear warheads. The United Kingdom's nuclear weapons are controlled by the Royal Navy.


title: Christina Onassis

paragraphs: Christina Onassis (December 11, 1950 – November 19, 1988) was a Greek-Argentine businesswoman and socialite. She was the heiress to the Onassis family fortune. She was the only daughter of Aristotle Onassis, a wealthy shipping businessman, and Athina Livanos.

paragraphs: Onassis was born at LeRoy Sanitarium in New York City, United States, but she gave up her American citizenship. She had a brother, Alexander Onassis. Her daughter, by Thierry Roussel, is Athina Onassis Roussel (named after Christina's mother). Christina died in Buenos Aires from a heart attack. She was aged 37. Her heart attack was caused by pulmonary edema.


title: Athina Onassis

paragraphs: Athina Onassis Roussel (alternate: Athina Onassis de Miranda; born 28 January 1985) is a French-Greek heiress. Her grandfather was Aristotle Onassis, a wealthy shipping businessman. She is his only living descendant. Her mother was Christina Onassis. Athina inherited her grandfather's fortune when her mother died in 1988.

paragraphs: Roussel was born at American Hospital of Paris in Neuilly-sur-Seine, France. She is the eldest of Thierry Roussel's four children. She is a horse rider.


title: Arrogance

paragraphs: Arrogance (also called Hubris) indicates strong pride or acting extremely self-important. In particular, a loss of contact with reality and overestimating one's own competence or capability.

paragraphs: Arrogance is also associated with lack of humility and love toward oneself. Examples include making oneself far more important than others or superiority. Children raised around arrogance may be arrogant themselves.

paragraphs: Arrogance is usually detrimental and fosters a negative-minded culture. Some sources, however, also indicate arrogance means taking and receiving pride with one's work.

paragraphs: Arrogance is different from confidence. Arrogance may be associated with insecurity. Confidence has an association with improving and examining one's own weaknesses.


title: Steven Yeun

paragraphs: Steven Yeun (born December 21, 1983) is a South Korean actor, voice actor and Singer. He is most well known for his role as "Glenn" in the AMC original series "The Walking Dead". Yeun was born in Seoul, South Korea and grew up in Troy, Michigan. Along with "The Walking Dead", he has acted in multiple movies and television series, such as "The Big Bang Theory" and "The Lemons Show".


title: Dawson College shooting

paragraphs: The Dawson College shooting was a school shooting incident on September 13, 2006, which took place at the Dawson College in Montreal, Quebec, Canada.

paragraphs: Kimveer Gill, a twenty-five year old Indo-Canadian, shot 20 people and killed 1 person as well as himself (suicide) after being shot in the arm by a police officer.

paragraphs: Gill had a Vampirefreaks.com profile and mentioned the song "À Tout le Monde" by thrash metal band Megadeth on the day of the shooting. News outlets blamed Megadeth for the shooting. Later in 2006, Megadeth performed a live concert in Montreal and responded to the blame they and their music received. Lead singer and guitarist Dave Mustaine said to the crowd:

paragraphs: Mustaine was also interviewed by CBC News before Megadeth's concert and said :

paragraphs: Gill drove to the college campus and parked his car. Bystanders saw that Gill took weapons out of his trunk. He took a person as a hostage and forced him to carry a bag which had a fourth gun and more ammunition in it. Gill shot at students that were outside on the steps of the college near the rear entrance. The hostage ran away with Gill's bag and hid it.

paragraphs: Gill entered the school and went to cafeteria. He walked to the corner of the room and shot students that were standing in front of him. He ordered the students to lie on the floor and shot at more students. Two police officers that were visiting the school at the time because of an unrelated incident rushed to the cafeteria after hearing the gunfire. More officers surrounded the college and Gill took two more people hostage. Officer Denis Côté shot him in the arm and Gill killed himself. The officers tried to bring him back to life but they failed.


title: Crisis hotline

paragraphs: Crisis hotlines are telephone numbers that people can call to get urgent and immediate counseling. Since the 1970s, most areas around the United States have had these lines. The lines were originally for suicides or stopping suicide. Now they also deal with family abuse, emotional troubles, and depression. There are also special text and call lines especially for teenagers.

paragraphs: In the United States, the first crisis help line began in 1958; the Los Angeles Suicide Prevention Center. It used trained voluneers to answer calls 24 hours a day. San Francisco Suicide Prevention started a hotline "Call Bruce" in 1962.

paragraphs: A similar service, Lifeline, was started in Australia in 1963.

paragraphs: Lifelink Samaritans Tas. Inc, began in Launceston, Tasmania in 1968. It was started as a way to help people in emotional pain that could not talk with family and friends.

paragraphs: It answered calls 24 hours a day throughout the country of Tasmania.


title: Boys Town

paragraphs: Boys Town is an American non-profit organization based in Boys Town, Nebraska. It used to be called Girls and Boys Town and Father Flanagan's Home for Boys.

paragraphs: The original Boys Town organization was an orphanage that was established in December 1917 by Edward J. Flanagan. It has since expanded into twelve regions across the United States, including Louisiana, Nevada and the Northeastern United States.


title: Boys Town, Nebraska

paragraphs: Boys Town is a village in eastern Nebraska. It is a suburb of Omaha. The population was 745 at the 2010 census. By the 2012 estimate, it was 671. The Boys Town organization was established here.


title: Selçuk Uluergüven

paragraphs: Selçuk Uluergüven (1 January 1941 – 8 January 2014) was a Turkish actor. He appeared in over 80 movies and many television and stage roles. Uluergüven began his theatre career in 1962, at Meydan Stage in Ankara.

paragraphs: Uluergüven died on 8 January 2014 in Aydın, Turkey. He was 73.


title: Dale T. Mortensen

paragraphs: Dale Thomas Mortensen (February 2, 1939 – January 9, 2014) was an American economist. He received his Bachelor of Arts in economics from Willamette University and his PhD in Economics from Carnegie Mellon University.

paragraphs: Mortensen was born in Enterprise, Oregon on February 2, 1939.

paragraphs: He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Economics in 2010. He won the award with Christopher A. Pissarides from the London School of Economics and Peter A. Diamond from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. They were awarded it for "their analysis of markets with search frictions".

paragraphs: Mortensen died on January 9, 2014 from a stroke and cancer. He died at his home in Wilmette, Illinois. He was aged 74.


title: Josep Maria Castellet

paragraphs: Josep Maria Castellet Díaz de Cossío (15 December 1926 – 9 January 2014), also known as José María Castellet, was an Spanish writer, poet, critic, publisher and editor.

paragraphs: Castellet was born in Barcelona on 15 December 1926. He began his career in writing in 1955. He wrote novels and poetry in both Catalan and Spanish. His last novel was published in 2012.

paragraphs: Castellet died on 9 January 2014 from pneumonia. He was aged 87. He died in his hometown of Barcelona.


title: Wilmette, Illinois

paragraphs: Wilmette is a village in Cook County, Illinois. It is north from Chicago. About 28,000 people live here. The village was established in 1872.


title: Trinity College, Oxford

paragraphs: Trinity College is one of the colleges of the University of Oxford. It was founded in 1555 by Thomas Pope. Pope purchased the buildings of the former Durham College, which dated from 1286, to house the college. The oldest surviving building at the college is the Old Library, which was built in 1421.


title: Albert I of Belgium

paragraphs: Albert I (April 8, 1875 – February 17, 1934) reigned as King of the Belgians from 1909 to 1934. This was an eventful period in the history of Belgium. It included the period of World War I (1914-1918).


title: Knute Rockne, All American

paragraphs: Knute Rockne, All American is an American biographical drama movie. It is directed by Lloyd Bacon and William K. Howard. The movie was based on the early career of Knute Rockne. It stars Pat O'Brien, Gale Page, and Ronald Reagan. It was released on October 4, 1940.


title: Love Is on the Air

paragraphs: Love Is on the Air is an American crime drama movie. It is directed by Nick Grinde. It was Ronald Reagan's first movie. The movie also stars June Travis, Hal B. Wallis, and Jack L. Warner. It was released on October 2, 1937.


title: Kings Row

paragraphs: Kings Row is an American drama movie. It is directed by Sam Wood and produced by Hal B. Wallis. It stars Ann Sheridan, Robert Cummings, and Ronald Reagan. It was released on February 2, 1942.


title: The Voice of the Turtle

paragraphs: The Voice of the Turtle is an American romantic comedy movie. It is directed by Irving Rapper. It stars Ronald Reagan and Eleanor Parker. It was released on December 25, 1947.


title: John Loves Mary

paragraphs: John Loves Mary is an American romance movie. It is directed by David Butler. It stars Ronald Reagan, Patricia Neal and Jack Carson. It was released on February 19, 1949.


title: The Hasty Heart

paragraphs: The Hasty Heart is a British-American romantic comedy movie. It is directed by Vincent Sherman. It stars Richard Todd, Patricia Neal, and Ronald Reagan. It was released on December 2, 1949.


title: Dimebag Darrell

paragraphs: Darrell Lance Abbott (August 20, 1966 – December 8, 2004), also called Diamond Darrell and Dimebag Darrell, was an American heavy metal musician. He was best known for performing with the bands Pantera and Damageplan. He was #92 in "Rolling Stone" magazine's 100 Greatest Guitarists and #1 in the magazine "Metal Hammer".

paragraphs: On the night of December 8, 2004, he was shot and killed on stage while performing with Damageplan at the Alrosa Villa in Columbus, Ohio. The killer, Nathan Gale, continued shooting and killed three other people and injured seven others. Gale was shot and killed by police officer James Niggemeyer.

paragraphs: On February 28th, 2015, someone said that the site where Darrell Abbott's dead body was buried at Moore Memorial Gardens Cemetery was damaged. It is suspected but not proven that American heavy metal music group Nuclear Hellfrost from Fort Wayne, Indiana damaged the site. Pantera told law enforcement about this, who are trying to find answers.

paragraphs: Close to 4:12 P.M. (Central Standard Time) on February 28th, Nuclear Hellfrost said on Facebook that their former lead singer damaged the site by himself without the other members of the group.


title: Cattle Queen of Montana

paragraphs: Cattle Queen of Montana is an American Western movie. It is directed by Allan Dwan. It stars Barbara Stanwyck and Ronald Reagan. The supporting cast includes Gene Evans, Jack Elam, Chubby Johnson, and Morris Ankrum. It was released on November 18, 1954.


title: Tennessee's Partner

paragraphs: Tennessee's Partner is an American western movie. It is directed by Allan Dwan. It stars John Payne, Ronald Reagan, Rhonda Fleming, and Coleen Gray. It was released on September 1, 1955.


title: The Killers (1964 movie)

paragraphs: The Killers is an American crime-drama movie. It is directed by Don Siegel. The story is based on a book by Ernest Hemingway. It stars Lee Marvin, Angie Dickinson, Clu Gulager, John Cassavetes, and Ronald Reagan. This was Reagan's last movie. It was composed by John Williams. It was released on July 7, 1964.


title: Robert Cummings

paragraphs: Charles Clarence Robert Orville Cummings (June 9, 1910 – December 2, 1990) was an American television and movie actor. He starred in many television programs and lots of movies in the 1940s and 1950s. He was born in Joplin, Missouri.

paragraphs: On December 2, 1990, Cummings died of kidney failure and complications from pneumonia. He died at the Motion Picture & Television Country House and Hospital in Woodland Hills, California.


title: Susan Hayward

paragraphs: Susan Hayward (30 June 1917 — 14 March 1975) was an American actress. Her original name was Edythe Marrenner. She began her career as a fashion model in New York City. She began acting in Hollywood in 1937. She played Janice Blair in "And Now Tomorrow". For her role as Lillian Roth in the movie "I'll Cry Tomorrow", she received a Best Actress Award at the Cannes Film Festival.

paragraphs: Hayward was born in Brooklyn, New York. She died of brain cancer at age 57. Hayward was born the same day as singer Lena Horne.


title: With a Song in My Heart

paragraphs: With a Song in My Heart is a musical biographical movie. It was released in 1952. The story is about the life of Jane Froman, who was paralyzed in an airplane crash in 1943. The cast includes Thelma Ritter, Susan Hayward and Robert Wagner.

paragraphs: The movie won the Academy Award for Original Music Score and a Golden Globe Award for best musical/comedy picture.


title: Jane Froman

paragraphs: Jane Froman (November 10, 1907 – April 22, 1980) was an American singer and actress. She acted in several movies, such as "Kissing Time" and "Radio City Rebels". She hosted her own television show "The Jane Froman Show" from 1952 to 1955.

paragraphs: In February 1953, Froman was in an airplane crash. She was badly injured and crippled. After this she had to use crutches to walk.

paragraphs: Froman was born in the St. Louis suburb of University City, Missouri. She died from cardiac arrest, in Columbia, Missouri. She was aged 72.


title: Madelyn Lee Payne

paragraphs: Madelyn Lee Payne Dunham ( ; October 26, 1922 – November 2, 2008) was the grandmother of Barack Obama, the 44th President of the United States. Her daughter was Obama mother's, Ann Dunham. Madelyn and her husband Stanley Armour Dunham raised Obama from age ten in their apartment in Honolulu, Hawaii. She died two days before her grandson was elected President.

paragraphs: Madelyn Lee Payne was born in Peru, Kansas. She was the eldest of four children. Her younger brother was Charles T. Payne. Their parents were Rolla Charles "R.C." Payne (August 23, 1892 – October 15, 1968) and Leona Belle (McCurry) Payne (May 7, 1897 – March 22, 1968). In Barack Obama's memoir, "Dreams From My Father", he describes them as "stern Methodist parents who did not believe in drinking, playing cards or dancing." She moved with her parents to Augusta, Kansas at the age of three. Madelyn was one of the best students at Augusta High School. She graduated from there in 1940.

paragraphs: Madelyn died in Hawaii, on November 2, 2008. It was two days before the presidential election. Obama's campaign team announced that she had died "peacefully" after suffering from cancer. At a rally in Charlotte, North Carolina on November 3, Obama said, "She was one of those quiet heroes that we have all across America. They're not famous. Their names are not in the newspapers, but each and every day they work hard. They aren't seeking [fame]. All they try to do is just do the right thing." Dunham's absentee vote, received by the election office on October 27, was included in Hawaii's total vote count.

paragraphs: A private funeral was held on December 23, 2008, at the First Unitarian Church of Honolulu. Obama and his sister Maya scattered their grandmother's ashes in the ocean at Lanai Lookout. It was the same spot where they had scattered their mother's ashes in 1995. Obama was staying at Plantation Estate at the time.


title: Swedish Alliance Mission

paragraphs: The Swedish Alliance Mission ("SAM", ) is a Christian denomination in Sweden. It is mainly based in the town of Jönköping. In 2009 the denomination had 13,448 members. within 167 congregations both inside and outside Sweden.

paragraphs: The denomination was created in 1919 from a merger of Jönköping Mission Society, the Jönköping Circle Christian Youth Association and the Scandinavian Alliance Mission in Sweden.


title: United Methodist Church of Sweden

paragraphs: The United Methodist Church of Sweden () was a Christian denomination in Sweden. It existed between 1868 and 2012. It contributed towards the creation of the Uniting Church in Sweden. According to a report from 2009, the denomination had 6,436 members.


title: Baptist Union of Sweden

paragraphs: The Baptist Union of Sweden () was a Baptist denomination in Sweden. In 2012, it participated in creating the Uniting Church in Sweden.


title: Broadwater Farm

paragraphs: Broadwater Farm is an area in Tottenham in North London. It is often simply called "The Farm". Between 3800 and 4000 people live there. In 1985 the Broadwater Farm riot happened there. After this some people left Broadwater Farm. About 70% of the people who live there are ethnic minorities. 39 languages are spoken there.


title: When the Tigers Broke Free

paragraphs: "When the Tigers Broke Free" is a song by Pink Floyd. It is featured in the musical movie "Pink Floyd - The Wall". The song is about the main character, Pink, remembering the death of his father in World War II's Operation Shingle in Anzio, Italy. In 2004, a new version of the song was released on "The Final Cut".


title: Chandler Riggs

paragraphs: Chandler Riggs is an American child actor. He is most well known for his role on the AMC original series "The Walking Dead", as Carl Grimes. He was born in June 27, 1999 in Atlanta, Georgia. Along with his role in "The Walking Dead", he has starred in several other movies such as "Get Low" and "Mercy". Chandler has been nominated for "Best Child Actor" in both 2012 and 2013.


title: Myliobatiformes

paragraphs: Myliobatiformes is one of the four groups of batoids. It is made up of cartilaginous fishes. They are related to the shark family. They were recently re-classified as part of the monophyletic group, after being part of the Rajiformes group. Another relative to Myliobatiformes is the common form of skates.


title: Celtic shields

paragraphs: Celtic shields were used in battle by the Celts and other ancient tribes as their main weapon for defense. They are often found in Iron Age male burial sites. The Witham shield and the Battersea shield are two of the most well-known Celtic shields.

paragraphs: Celtic shields were usually oval or elongated oval in shape. They could also be round or hexagon shaped. On the front was usually a hollow wood shield to protect the hand. The boss was usually elongated to make the shield stronger and was sometimes covered by a metal plate. On the inside of the boss hole was a handle to hold the shield. The shields were made of wood, usually oak or linden (also called lime). Most often they were covered with leather.

paragraphs: Battle shields were often individually decorated with various symbols. They were designed to be both light and strong. Celts used their shields defensively but also as an offensive weapon. A favorite tactic of a Celtic warrior was to strike the enemy with his shield. The Celts in Britain used smaller shields in battle while continental Celts used larger shields. Shields sometimes shattered in combat and were an expendable item.

paragraphs: Celtic shields have been found in the River Thames at Battersea. Some were also found in Lincolnshire in the River Witham. They were covered with thin sheets of metal with Celtic designs embossed on them. They were larger, but like others constructed of wood. These were clearly for use in ceremonies and not designed for battle.


title: Aït Benhaddou

paragraphs: Aït Benhaddou is a fortified city along the caravan route between the Sahara and Marrakech, in Morocco. Today, very few people live in the city. Most have moved to more modern cities. It has been an ideal place for movies to be filmed due to its scenery and lack of people. Many famous movies were shot there, including "Marco Polo", "The Mummy", and "Prince of Persia".


title: Mary Daly

paragraphs: Mary Daly (October 16, 1928 – January 3, 2010) was an American radical feminist philosopher. Daly taught classes at Boston College from 1967 to 1999. Daly argued that instead of a patriarchy we should have a matriarchy. Her first book, "The Church and the Second Sex", was published in 1968.

paragraphs: Daly died when she was 81 years old. Daly was the dissertation adviser of Janice Raymond.


title: Erwarton

paragraphs: Erwarton or Arwarton, commonly called Shop Corner, is a village in Suffolk, England, on the Shotley Peninsula. It is a civil parish, and has a population of around 150 people.


title: My Story (R. Kelly song)

paragraphs: "My Story" is a song by R&B singer R. Kelly. It was the first single on his studio album "Black Panties", released in 2013. The song charted at number #89 on the "Billboard" Hot 100 chart.


title: Hugh Dowding

paragraphs: Hugh Dowding (24 April 1882 – 15 February 1970) was a British officer in the Royal Air Force during World War II. He was the commander of RAF Fighter Command during the Battle of Britain. He played a very important role in Britain's defence, and hence, the defeat of Hitler's plan to invade Britain.


title: Alexander Kerensky

paragraphs: Alexander Kerensky (4 May 1881 – 11 June 1970) was a major political leader before and during the Russian Revolution. Kerensky served as the Second Prime Minister of the Russian Provisional Government until it was overthrown by the Bolsheviks under Vladimir Lenin in the October Revolution. He spent the rest of his life in exile. He died in New York City in 1970 at the age of 89.


title: Ralph Bunche

paragraphs: Ralph Bunche (7 August 1903 – 9 December 1971) was an American political scientist and diplomat. He received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1950. He won it for leading peace talks in Palestine in the late 1940s. He was the first African American person to win the prize.

paragraphs: Bunche was involved in the formation and administration of the United Nations. In 1963, he was awarded the Medal of Freedom by President John F. Kennedy. For more than 20 years, Bunche served as chairman of the Department of Political Science at Howard University (1928 to 1950). He also taught at the university. He served as a member of the Board of Overseers of Harvard Univesity (1960–1965) from which he had. He also served as a member of the board of the Institute of International Education and as a trustee of Oberlin College, Lincoln University, and New Lincoln School.


title: Relish

paragraphs: A relish is a cooked, chopped, or pickled vegetable or fruit.

paragraphs: Relish originated in India, and has spread worldwide. Although it is used as an ingredient in many different dishes in India, it is mainly used as a condiment in most other countries. This use has made it one of the world's largest selling condiments. It is mainly used on hot dogs and hamburgers.


title: Takanori Nishikawa

paragraphs: Takanori Nishikawa (born September 19, 1970) is a Japanese singer and actor. He performs as T.M.Revolution. T.M.Revolution were the first group to be signed to Tofu Records. Nishikawa has released 8 studio albums. He first acted in the television series "Beautiful Life" in 2000.

paragraphs: Nishikawa was born in Hikone, Shiga and moved to Yasu, Shiga when he was young.


title: Entronque de Herradura

paragraphs: Entronque de Herradura is a village in the western province of Pinar del Río, Cuba. It is one of the 13 villages of the municipality Consolación del Sur. It covers 59.84 km². It was founded in 1907.


title: Captain EO

paragraphs: Captain EO is an American short 3D science fiction movie. It is 17 minutes long. It is about an astronaut called Captain EO. He is played by Michael Jackson. George Lucas was the executive producer. "Captain EO" is one of the first 4D films. The film played at Disneyland and EPCOT Center. In 1996 "Captain EO" was shown on MTV. This is the only time it was shown on TV. It has never been released on DVD or video.


paragraphs: Blood on the Dance Floor: HIStory in the Mix is a remix album by Michael Jackson. It was released on May 20, 1997 by Epic Records. It has sold six million copies. Three singles were released from the album. It is the best-selling remix album ever. The album has five new songs. Tracks six to thirteen are remixes of songs from Jackson's album "HIStory".

paragraphs: "Blood on the Dance Floor" was released as the album's first single. It reached number one in the UK, Spain, and Denmark. "HIStory/Ghosts" was released as the second single. "Is It Scary" was released as the third single. Jackson wrote the song for the 1993 film "Addams Family Values".

paragraphs: The second song on the album, "Morphine", includes Jackson saying 'demerol' many times. Demerol is a drug that was found in Jackson's body after he died.


title: Paris Lees

paragraphs: Paris Lees is a British journalist and activist for transgender rights. She is a bisexual trans woman. She is an editor for "META" magazine. She has written for newspapers including "The Independent", "The Guardian", and "The Daily Telegraph". She works with Trans Media Watch. In October 2013 Lees was the first transgender person to be on "Question Time". That month she was named by "The Independent" as the most influential LGBT person in the UK.

paragraphs: Lees grew up in Hucknall in Nottingham. Until she was eighteen she thought that she was gay.

paragraphs: When Lees was eighteen she was in prison for 8 months for robbery. While she was there she stopped smoking and decided she wanted to live as a woman and go back to college to do her A Levels. She moved to Brighton to study English at university after getting her A Levels.


title: Zbigniew Messner

paragraphs: Zbigniew Stefan Messner (13 March 1929 – 10 January 2014) was a Polish economist and politician. He was a member of the Central Committee of Polish United Workers' Party from 1981 until 1988. This is a Communist party. Messner was deputy prime minister from 1983 to 1985, and Prime Minister from 1985 to 1988.


title: Reagan (movie)

paragraphs: Reagan is an American documentary movie from 2011. It is directed and written by Eugene Jarecki. It is about the life and presidency of Ronald Reagan. It was released to honor Reagan's 100 birthday. It received positive reviews by the New York Times.


title: Christine Cavanaugh

paragraphs: Christine Cavanaugh (August 16, 1963 – December 22, 2014) was an American voice actress. During her career, she has voiced many different animated characters. Her best known roles were as the voice of the main character Babe in the movie "Babe" (1995), Chuckie Finster in the Nickelodeon series "Rugrats" and Dexter in the Cartoon Network series "Dexter's Laboratory" and "The Powerpuff Girls".

paragraphs: In 2000, she won an Annie Award for "Voice Acting By a Female Performer in an Animated Television Production" for her performance of Dexter in the television special "Dexter's Laboratory: Ego Trip".

paragraphs: Cavanaugh retired from voice acting for personal reasons.

paragraphs: She was born in Layton, Utah. Cavanaugh died on December 22, 2014 in Cedar City, Utah from unknown causes, aged 51. Her death was announced on December 30, 2014. Her cause of death was said to be leukemia.


title: Jay Carney

paragraphs: James "Jay" Carney (born May 22, 1965) is an American journalist. He was the 29th White House Press Secretary. He worked for President Barack Obama's cabinet. His term began in February 2011. He resigned (decided to start working in a new place) in May 2014 and left office in June 2014. He was succeeded by Josh Earnest.


title: White House Press Secretary

paragraphs: The White House Press Secretary is a job at the White House. Press secretaries act as the primary spokesperson for the United States Government and the President, senior executives, and policies. Kayleigh McEnany is the current White House Press Secretary.

paragraphs: Did not brief the press after being wounded in the Reagan assassination attempt. "De facto" Press Secretary (as White House Deputy Press Secretary). Did not brief the press while Stephanopoulos was Communications Director. First female Press Secretary. "De facto" Press Secretary (as White House Communications Director).


title: Lorella De Luca

paragraphs: Loretta De Luca (September 17, 1940 – January 9, 2014) was an Italian movie and television actress. She began acting in movies at age 14. De Luca played Marcella Corella in the 1957 comedy "Fathers and Sons" (or "A Tailor's Maid"). Most of her movies were made in 1984 or before.

paragraphs: De Luca was born in Florence, Italy. She died of a brain tumour in Civitavecchia, Lazio, aged 73.


title: Sheila E.

paragraphs: Sheila Escovedo (or Sheila E.; born December 12, 1957) is an American musician and singer. She has worked with Lionel Richie, Kanye West, Prince, Beyoncé and Jennifer Lopez. She put out "Let's Go Crazy" and many other popular hit songs during her career. She was nominated for a Grammy Award for her song "The Glamorous Life".

paragraphs: Sheila E. was born in Oakland, California, a suburb of San Francisco.


title: Bangerz

paragraphs: Bangerz is a pop, southern hip hop and R&B album by Miley Cyrus. It was released in 2013. The album contains hit songs "Wrecking Ball" and "We Can't Stop". The record has received mixed reviews from music critics.


title: We Can't Stop

paragraphs: "We Can't Stop" is a popular hit song from singer and songwriter Miley Cyrus. The lyrics are about recreational drug use at house parties. The single sold well beyond two million units in the United States. The song managed to reach number one in the UK, number two in the US, and number three on the charts in Canada. Cyrus performed the song at the 2013 MTV Video Music Awards with American-Canadian singer-songwriter Robin Thicke as a medley with his 2013 hit song, "Blurred Lines". This performance was very provocative and was widely reported following the award show.

paragraphs: A music video of the song came out on June 19, 2013. The video got mixed reviews from the critics.


title: 1982 Lebanon War

paragraphs: The 1982 Lebanon war was part of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict and the Lebanese Civil War. It began on 6 June 1982. Israel called it Operation Peace for Galilee. It was later known as the Lebanon war or First Lebanon war. The war started when the Israel Defence Forces (IDF) attacked southern Lebanon. On 3 June 1982 the tried to assassinate Israel's ambassador to the United Kingdom, Shlomo Argov. This may have been done to hurt the PLO's reputation. At the time, however, Israel blamed the PLO for the attempt. The shooting of the ambassador was the trigger that caused Israel’s invasion of Lebanon.


title: Francisco Morales-Bermúdez

paragraphs: Francisco Morales Bermúdez Cerruti (born October 4, 1921) is a Peruvian general and politician. Bermudez was President of Peru from August 1975 through July 1980.


title: Cuthbert Sebastian

paragraphs: Sir Cuthbert Montraville Sebastian, GCMG, OBE (22 October 1921 – 25 March 2017) was the former Governor-General of Saint Kitts and Nevis. He was appointed Governor-General in 1995 and was sworn in on 1 January 1996. While in office, he was the world's oldest "de facto" head of state.

paragraphs: His retirement was announced on 25 December 2012. He left office on 1 January 2013.

paragraphs: Sebastian died on 25 March 2017 in Basseterre from complications of pneumonia at the age of 95.


title: Dobrica Ćosić

paragraphs: Dobrica Ćosić (29 December 1921 – 18 May 2014) was a Serbian writer, theorist and politician. He was the first president of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia from 1992 to 1993. He is often known as the "Father of the Nation".


title: Luis Echeverría

paragraphs: Luis Echeverría Álvarez (born January 17, 1922) is an Mexican politician and writer. He was President of Mexico from 1970 to 1976. He wrote several books about his years in office and about his retirement.

paragraphs: Echeverría was born in Mexico City, Mexico.


title: Benefits Street

paragraphs: Benefits Street is a documentary series on the British television channel Channel 4. It started on 6 January 2014. Five episodes will be shown. It is about some of the people who live on James Turner Street in Birmingham. 90% of the people on the street claim benefits. 4.3 million people watched the first episode. It was Channel 4's most-watched shown in more than a year. It shows some people who claim benefits (claimants) doing crimes.

paragraphs: Almost 300 complaints were made to Ofcom after the first episode was shown. Dee Roberts complained that she had been tricked into being on the programme. She said that the people on the programme thought the show was about a working class community, but that instead they had been portrayed as "complete scum". Almost 10,000 people signed a petition asking Channel 4 to show no more episodes of the show. Steve Haywood, a friend of an alcoholic in the programme known as Fungi, said that Channel 4 gave Fungi beer so that he would be on the show.


title: Frederick IX of Denmark

paragraphs: Frederick IX of Denmark (11 March 1899 - 14 January 1972) was King of Denmark from 20 April 1947 until his death on 14 January 1972. He was the son of King Christian X of Denmark and Queen Alexandrine, born Duchess of Mecklenburg. He was the fourth Danish monarch of the House of Glucksburg.


title: Ferde Grofé

paragraphs: Ferde Grofé (27 March 1892 – 3 April 1972) was an American musician. He is a composer, arranger and pianist. During the 1920s and 1930s, he went by the name Ferdie Grofé.


title: Ken Maynard

paragraphs: Ken Maynard (21 July 1895 – 23 March 1973) was an American movie actor. He was also a stuntman.


title: Gustaf VI Adolf

paragraphs: Gustaf VI Adolf of Sweden (11 November 1882-15 September 1973) was King of Sweden from 29 October 1950 until his death.

paragraphs: Gustaf VI was the eldest son of Gustaf V and his wife, Victoria of Baden. Before becoming king he had been Crown Prince of Sweden. During this long period of time he became a scholar and an archaeologist. He was also a well regarded expert on Chinese art. At his death he left his large collection of Chinese art to the Museum of Far Eastern Antiquities ("Östasiatiska Museet") in Stockholm, Sweden. In World War II Gustaf, as Crown Prince, spoke out publicly against sending Jews to Auschwitz. This was after the public learned of the extermination camps in Germany. He was the last king to rule under a Constitutional Monarchy with any power. Gustaf VI died in 1973. His grandson, Carl XVI Gustaf, succeeded him as king.

paragraphs: Gustaf VI married Margaret of Connaught in 1905. She died in 1920. Together they had four sons and one daughter:

paragraphs: Gustaf VI married as his second wife, Lady Louise Mountbatten, in 1923. She died in 1965.


title: Ana Konjuh

paragraphs: Ana Konjuh (born 27 December 1997 in Dubrovnik) is a Croatian tennis player.

paragraphs: Konjuh has won one singles title on the ITF tour in her career. On 10 February 2014, she reached her best singles ranking: 201st in the world.

paragraphs: In 2013, Konjuh was ranked number one in the ITF junior world rankings.

paragraphs: Konjuh won both the junior singles and doubles events at the Australian Open in January 2013. Later in the year, she won the girl's singles event at the US Open.


title: Abebe Bikila

paragraphs: Abebe Bikila (7 August 1932 - 25 October 1973) was a double Olympic marathon champion from Ethiopia. He was the first black African Olympian to win a gold medal representing his own country. He is most famous for the gold medal he won in the 1960 Summer Olympics at Rome. He won the marathon while running barefoot. He won his second Gold medal in the 1964 Olympics in Tokyo. This made him the first man ever to win two Olympic marathons. He competed in the 1968 Summer Olympics. Bikila was injured in an automobile accident in 1970. It left him a paraplegic. He died at the age of forty-one on 23 October 1973. This was due to complications from his earlier accident. A stadium in Addis Ababa is named after him.


title: David Oistrakh

paragraphs: David Oistrakh (30 September 1908 - 24 October 1974) was a classical violinist. He is considered one of the most important violinists of the 20th century. Oistrakh worked with major orchestras and musicians from many parts of the world, including the Soviet Union, Europe, and the United States. Many musical pieces for the violin have been dedicated to Oistrakh. This includes both of Dmitri Shostakovich's violin concerti, and the violin concerto by Adam Khachaturian.


title: Pier Paolo Pasolini

paragraphs: Pier Paolo Pasolini (5 March 1922 – 2 November 1975) was an Italian movie director, poet and writer. Pasolini was born in Bologna and raised in Veneto and Fruili. His poetry was first published when he was 19 years old. He wrote many novels and essays. He wrote his first screenplay in 1954. The first movie he directed was "Accattone" in 1961. This and many of his other works were controversial during his lifetime. In the years since his death, however, Pasolini has come to be valued by many as a visionary thinker and a major figure in Italian literature and art. Literary critic Harold Bloom considered Pasolini to be a major European poet and a major voice in 20th-century poetry.

paragraphs: Pasolini was gay. He was murdered on 2 November 1975. He was run over several times with his own car. He died on the beach at Ostia, near Rome. He was buried in Casarsa, in Friuli.


title: Paul Robeson

paragraphs: Paul Leroy Robeson ( April 9, 1898 – January 23, 1976) was an African-American singer and actor who became involved with the Civil Rights Movement. He was a consensus first-team All-American football player at Rutgers, as well as class valedictorian. He had an international career in singing, as well as acting in theater and movies. He was politically involved in many issues, including the Spanish Civil War, fascism, and social injustices. His supported anti-imperialism and communism. Because he was critical of the U.S. government he was blacklisted during McCarthyism. He was forced to retire because of poor health.


title: Arnold Klein

paragraphs: Arnold William Klein (born February 27, 1945) is an American dermatologist. In 1983 Michael Jackson became one of Klein's patients. He is a member of the Advisory Board of the AIDS Services Foundation Orange County. He has published over 150 scientific papers.

paragraphs: Klein was born in Michigan. His father was a Jewish Orthodox rabbi. In 1971 he got his doctorate in medicine from the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine.


title: Caro Emerald

paragraphs: Caroline Esmeralda van der Leeuw (born 26 April 1981), best known by her stage name of Caro Emerald, is a Dutch pop and jazz singer. She released her first song "Back It Up" on 6 July 2009. Her single "A Night Like This" in 2009 reached the number 1 position in the Netherlands.

paragraphs: Her second and latest album, "The Shocking Miss Emerald", reached the #1 peak in the UK and the Netherlands.


title: Back It Up (Caro Emerald song)

paragraphs: "Back It Up" is the first single by the Dutch singer Caro Emerald. It is from her first album "Deleted Scenes From The Cutting Room Floor". It was released on 6 July 2009. The single has two music videos, the original one and the official one. The official one was made because of the international career of Caro Emerald. The single was in the charts in the Netherlands, Germany, Italy and other European countries. The single also charted in Suriname.


title: We Be Clubbin'

paragraphs: "We Be Clubbin'" is the first single from Ice Cube's soundtrack, "The Player's Club". It was released in 1998. It reached number 32 in the Rhythmic Top 40.

paragraphs: A remix of the song called "We Be Ballin'" was made. Michael Jackson sung in it. Unlike "We Be Clubbin'", there is no swearing.


title: Frank DiLeo

paragraphs: Frank Michael DiLeo (October 23, 1947 – August 24, 2011) was an American music industry executive and actor. From 1984 to 1989 he was Michael Jackson's manager. In 2009 he became Jackson's manager again. He was his manager until Jackson died in June 2009.

paragraphs: In 1979 he was hired as the Vice President of National Promotion for Epic Records. DiLeo acted for the first time in Michael Jackson's 1988 movie "Moonwalker". He also executive produced the movie. From 1991 to 1993 DiLeo was co-president of Savage Records. He played "Mr. Big" in "Wayne's World" and "Wayne's World 2".


title: Afroman

paragraphs: Joseph Edgar Foreman (born July 28, 1974 in Palmdale, California) is an American rapper. He is better known by his stage name Afroman.

paragraphs: He was nominated for a Grammy Award for "Best Rap Solo Performance" for his song "Because I Got High" in 2002. He released his first studio album "Because I Got High" on June 20, 2000. The album featured the song "Because I Got High". His second studio album "Sell Your Dope" was released on September 12, 2000. It featured the song "Crazy Rap" which is also called "Colt 45 and 2 Zig Zags".


title: Cree Summer

paragraphs: Cree Summer Francks (born July 7, 1969), best known as Cree Summer, is a American-Canadian voice actress, actress and singer. Her career began in 1983 when she was cast as the voice of Penny in the cartoon "Inspector Gadget". Between 1983 and 2006 she did the voices of over 100 animated characters in TV shows, movies, and video games. She was in the music video for Michael Jackson's 1991 single "Black or White". In 1991 she started a band called Subject to Change. The band broke up in 1993. In 1999 Summer released her first album, "Street Faërie". other CN roles include, "The Powerpuff Girls", "Codename KND", etc.

paragraphs: Summer was born to the white actor Don Francks and African American actress Lili Francks. She started school when she was 8 years old.


title: Muhammad Habibur Rahman

paragraphs: Muhammad Habibur Rahman (December 3, 1928 – January 11, 2014) was a Bangladeshi politician and jurist. He was the chief justice of the Bangladesh Supreme Court from March 31 to June 23, 1996. He was also the first Chief Advisor of the Caretaker Government of Bangladesh for a month in 1996.

paragraphs: Born in 1930 in Murshidabad of the then undivided Indian subcontinent (now West Bengal), he completed higher secondary from Kolkata Presidency College. Later, he moved to Rajshahi along his family.

paragraphs: After completing BA honours from Rajshahi College, he took admission in Dhaka University and completed BA Honours (1949) and MA (1951) in History from Dhaka University. He also obtained LLB from the DU and subsequently, BA Honours (1958) and MA (1962) in Modern History from the University of Oxford.

paragraphs: Habibur Rahman began his career as a temporary Lecturer in History of Dhaka University on May 1, 1952. But he had to step down four days later for participating in the Language Movement. He also taught history at Sirajganj College, Jagannath University (formerly Jagannath College).Later he joined Rajshahi University where he subsequently held the office of Dean of the Faculty of Law (1961) and of Reader in History (1962-64).

paragraphs: Habibur Rahman changed his profession in 1964 when he took to law and joined the Dhaka High Court Bar. In his legal career he held the offices of Assistant Advocate General (1969), Vice President of High Court Bar Association (1972) (now Supreme Court Bar Association) and member of Bangladesh Bar Council (1972).

paragraphs: He served as a Judge of the High Court Division (1976-85), Judge of the Appellate Division of the Supreme Court of Bangladesh (1985-95), Acting Chief Justice (1990-91) and as the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Bangladesh (1995). Justice Habibur Rahman retired from service as the Chief Justice of Bangladesh in 1995.

paragraphs: His juristic competence is demonstrated in his opinions and interpretations as pronounced in many of the Bangladesh Supreme Court's decisions concerning vital issues, such as, admiralty jurisdiction, amendment of the Constitution, citizenship, habeas corpus, administrative tribunals and court jurisdictions. However, in 1994, he delivered a controversial verdict in favour of Ghulam Azam that restored citizenship for the former Jamaat-e-Islami chief.

paragraphs: He participated in many international conferences of lawyers and jurists including the Conference of Chief Justices of Asia-Pacific in Perth, Australia (1991), Fourth Commonwealth Chief Justices Conference in Abuza, Nigeria (1992), First SAARC Chief Justices Conference in Kathmandu, Nepal (1995).

paragraphs: A researcher and writer Habibur Rahman has substantial contribution in literature and in varied intellectual arena. The noted scholar authored some 70 books on law, language, literature, Rabindranath Tagore, anthropology and religion. Some of his literary and other noted publications are as follows: Law of Requisition (1966), রবীন্দ্র প্রবন্ধেসঞ্জনা ও পার্থক্য বিচার (Rabindra Prabandhey Sanjna O Parthakya Bichar) (1968), যথা-শব্দ (Jatha-sabda) (1974), মাতৃভাষার স্বপক্ষেরবীন্দ্রনাথ (Matri-bhashar Sapakshey Rabindranath) (1983), কোরআন সূত্র (Qoran-sutra) (1984), বচন ও প্রবাচন (Bachan O Prabachan) (1985), গঙ্গারিদ্ধী থেকে বাংলাদেশ (Gangariddhi thekey Bangladesh) (1985), রবীন্দ্র রচনার রবীন্দ্র ব্যাখ্যা (Rabindra Rachanar Rabindra-byaksha) (1986), রবীন্দ্র কাব্যে, শীল্পে, সঙ্গীত ও সাহিত্যে(Rabindra- kabyey Art, Sangeet O Sahitya) (1986), On Rights and Remedies, আমরা কি যাবো না তাদের কাছে যারা শুধু বাঙলায় কথা বলে (Amara ki Jabo-na Tader Kachhey Jara Shudhu Banglai Katha Baley) (1996).

paragraphs: Justice Rahman was conferred a Bangla Academy award for his contribution to literature in 1984 and the Ekushey Padak in 2007. He is a fellow of the Asiatic Society of Bangladesh; Fellow of the Bangla Academy; Honorary Bencher, Lincoln's Inn.

paragraphs: During his time in DU, he had been the vice-president of Fazlul Huq Muslim Hall Students’ Council in 1951 and played a key role in the 1952 Language Movement. He was also arrested on February 21, 1952 along with many others from a procession that was brought out defying the section 144 imposed by the Pakistani ruler.

paragraphs: As the last retiring Chief justice and according to the then new constitutional provision for Caretaker Government, he took oath as the very first Chief Advisor of the Caretaker Government of Bangladesh for conducting the elections of the Jatiya Sangsad (National Parliament) from March 31 to June 23, 1996.

paragraphs: On 11 January 2014, doctors declared him dead on arrival at United Hospital,Dhaka at the age of 84.


title: Wadham College, Oxford

paragraphs: Wadham College is one of the colleges of the University of Oxford. Nicholas and Dorothy Wadham founded the college in 1610. The college, founded for male students only, first admitted female students in 1974.


title: Wolfson College, Oxford

paragraphs: Wolfson College is one of the colleges of the University of Oxford. The college was founded in 1966 with large donations from the Wolfson Foundation and Ford Foundation. It is the largest graduate college at the University.


title: Allard van der Scheer

paragraphs: Allard Jan van der Scheer (21 August 1928 – 10 January 2014) was a Dutch actor. He was known for his roles in "Daar gaat de bruid" (1986), "Hotel de Botel" (1976) and "Die Vrouwtjes van de wereld" (1963). He was also an actor of television and stage.

paragraphs: Allard van der Scheer was born on 21 August 1928 in The Hague, Netherlands. His daughter was also an actress. Scheer died on 9 January 2014 in Muiderberg, North Holland. He died from lung cancer. He was aged 85.


title: Worcester College, Oxford

paragraphs: Worcester College is one of the colleges of the University of Oxford. It was founded in 1714. The college is located on the site of Gloucester College, which was founded in 1283 as place of study by a Benedictine Abbey. Eventually fifteen abbeys shared the college. In 1539 the abbeys were dissolved. For a time, the college served as the palace of the bishop of Oxford. In 1560, the buildings were purchased by Thomas White, and became known as Gloucester Hall. Some of the original buildings survive today.


Keiko Awaji


title: Dark Shadows (movie)

paragraphs: Dark Shadows is an American-British comedic horror movie. It is based on the gothic television soap opera that aired in the United States from 1966 until 1971.

paragraphs: It was directed by Tim Burton and produced by Richard D. Zanuck. It stars Johnny Depp, Michelle Pfeiffer, Helena Bonham Carter, Jackie Earle Haley, Eva Green, and Christopher Lee. Jonathan Frid had a cameo role. It was composed by Danny Elfman. It was released on May 11, 2012.


title: Cold wave

paragraphs: Cold waves are weather incidents that involve cooling of temperatures and air. Cold waves can cause death and injury for animals, people and livestock. Extreme winter cold causes freezing of water pipelines if they are poorly insulated. Motor vehicles often fail if the motor oil gels or the antifreeze fails.

paragraphs: Examples of cold incidents in the United States are 1994, during January of which almost 70 percent of the country, along with southern Canada saw intense cold spells. The 2014 North American polar vortex created extremely cold temperatures across almost the whole United States and across Canada. The 2014 spell took close to two dozen human lives.


title: Sally Hawkins

paragraphs: Sally Cecilia Hawkins (born 27 April 1976) is an English actress. She played Ginger in "Blue Jasmine" (2013). She plays Mary Brown in the movie "Paddington" (2014) and "Paddington 2" (2017) and Elisa Esposito in "The Shape of Water" (2017).

paragraphs: Hawkins was born in Dulwich, south London.


title: Erica Leerhsen

paragraphs: Erica Lei Leerhsen (born February 14, 1976) is an American actress. She played Connie in "Anything Else". She also played Amanda Bowles in the television show "The Guardian"


title: Anything Else

paragraphs: Anything Else is an American romantic comedy movie. It was released on August 27, 2003. The story is about an aspiring writer who falls in love at first sight. Stockard Channing plays Paula Chase, Christina Ricci plays Amanda Chase and Erica Leerhsen plays Connie. This movie was directed and produced by Woody Allen, who also stars in the movie.

paragraphs: Critics gave it mixed reviews. Leonard Maltin gave it a "BOMB" rating.


title: Bérénice Bejo

paragraphs: Bérénice Bejo (born July 7, 1976) is a French and Argentine actress. She played Peppy Miller in "The Artist" (2011). For that role, she was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress. She also played Christiana in "A Knight's Tale" (2001).

paragraphs: Bejo was born in Buenos Aires, Argentina.


title: Chocolat

paragraphs: Chocolat is a British-American romance and drama movie. It was released December 15, 2000. It is about events in a fictional dull French village during the autumn-winter of 1959. A woman opens a chocolate shop. One customer, Armande, is diabetic. She, however, continues eating chocolate. Armande later dies from her illness. Juliette Binoche plays Vianne, Carrie-Anne Moss plays Caroline Clairmont and Judi Dench plays Armande (the diabetic woman).

paragraphs: The reviews from critics were very positive. It was nominated for several Academy Awards. It did not win any.


title: Marly Marley

paragraphs: Marly Marley (5 April 1938 – 10 January 2014) was a Brazilian actress. She was known for her roles in "Chega de Saudade" (2007), "O Puritano da Rua Augusta" (1965) and "Casinha Pequenina" (1963). She also appeared on many Brazilian sitcoms and telenovelas.

paragraphs: Marley died from pancreatic cancer on 10 January 2014. She was aged 75. She died in São Paulo. Her widower is the actor and comedian Ary Toledo.


title: The Babysitter

paragraphs: The Babysitter is an American melodrama and erotic thriller movie from 1995. It is about a teenage babysitter who is fantasized about by several people. Her name, Jennifer, is revealed 83 minutes into the movie. Alicia Silverstone plays Jennifer.

paragraphs: This movie was released on October 17, 1995. Reviews were very negative. Paramount Pictures released this movie in the United States.


title: Hideaway

paragraphs: Hideaway is a 1995 melodramatic horror movie. It is about a man who dies during a car accident. However, this man is revived two hours afterwards. He begins having frightening visions. He thinks he may have become connected to a serial killer. Jeff Goldblum plays the accident victim, Alicia Silverstone plays Regina Harrison and Christine Lahti plays Lindsey.

paragraphs: The movie was released March 3, 1995 in the United States. Reviews were mixed to very negative. It made almost US$3 million below its budget of $15 million.


title: Barbados (band)

paragraphs: Barbados is a dansband from Sweden. It was formed in 1992. They have had several successes in the Swedish record charts. The band's original lead singer was Magnus Carlsson. They became widely known after winning second place in Melodifestivalen contest in 2000. The band has replaced their lead singer three times. Carlsson left the group in 2002 and later became a member of the group Alcazar. Mathias Holmgren, a former Fame Factory student, replaced Carlsson. He was forced to leave the band in 2004. Chris Lindh replaced him, before leaving the band in 2007. The current lead singer is Björn Lagerström.

paragraphs: The band won its first Grammis Award in February of the year 2000.

paragraphs: The band has participated in the Melodifestivalen music contest four times:

paragraphs: Both lead singer Mathias Holmgren and Magnus Carlsson have participated in Melodifestivalen as solo singers.


title: David Morrissey

paragraphs: David Mark Morrissey (born 21 June 1964) is an English actor and film director. He was born in Liverpool. He decided to be an actor after he saw the film "Kes". He became known in England after he started acting in "One Summer" in 1983 when he was 18. After making "One Summer" Morrissey went to the "Royal Academy of Dramatic Art". He narrated the 2004 documentary "The Boy That Michael Jackson Paid Off". Morrissey has directed six films. Recently he played as The Governor in the AMC original series "The Walking Dead".


title: Social stigma

paragraphs: Social stigma is when society thinks that something is bad.

paragraphs: The sociologist Erving Goffman wrote that there are three kinds of social stigma:

paragraphs: 1. Physical differences such as obesity, scars, and leprosy.

paragraphs: 2. Differences in personal traits, such as mental illness, drug addiction, and alcoholism.

paragraphs: 3. "Tribal stigmas" are traits of ethnic group, nationality, or of religion that are thought as different to that of the majority ethnicity, nationality or religion.


title: Christine Chubbuck

paragraphs: Christine Chubbuck (August 24, 1944 – July 15, 1974) was the host of a morning talk show in Sarasota, Florida. She was also a volunteer at a local hospital. There she gave puppet shows for the mentally handicapped children. She is best known as the television broadcaster who committed suicide during a live television program.

paragraphs: Chubbuck was born in Hudson, Ohio, on 24 August 1944. She grew up in a middle-class family and attended Laurel School for Girls. She went to college at Ohio State University. Then she graduated from Boston University with a degree in broadcasting. She held several jobs with small television stations. In 1973 she was hired by WXLT-TV in Sarasota, Florida as the host of a morning talk show. According to her co-workers she was pretty, easy to get along with and did a good job. According to her mother she wanted a family but had not found the right person to marry yet. In her spare time she held puppet shows for mentally handicapped children at a local hospital.

paragraphs: Three weeks before her death she had received approval to do a program on suicide. On the morning of Monday, July 15, 1974, during her broadcast, Chubbuck read a prepared script. She said: "In keeping with Channel 40's policy of bringing you the latest in blood and guts, and in living color, you are going to see another first, an attempted suicide." Chubbuck then shot herself with a handgun. It was not a quick decision but an event she had planned for months. Chubbuck had even joked about shooting herself on the air but nobody had apparently paid much attention. She had been dealing with depression for several years before she died. Chubbuck was 29 years old.


title: Erving Goffman

paragraphs: Erving Goffman (11 June 1922 – 19 November 1982) was a Canadian sociologist and writer. He moved to the United States. Goffman wrote about social stigma.

paragraphs: His first book was published in 1959. In 1961, Goffman published the book "Asylums: Essays on the Social Situation of Mental Patients and Other Inmates". In 1968 he became a Chair in Sociology and Anthropology at the University of Pennsylvania. His last book, "Forms of Talk", was nominated for a National Book Critics Circle award. He died November 20, 1982 of stomach cancer.


title: Jill Bennett

paragraphs: Nora Jill Bennett (24 December 1931 — 4 October 1990) was a British actress. She played Mrs. Ellen in "Lady Jane" (1986). She also played Margaret Stevenson in "I Want What I Want". She also worked in stage plays and television shows.

paragraphs: Bennett was born in Penang, in the Straits Settlements. She killed herself with barbiturate drugs at age 58 in London. She was cremated. Her ashes were scattered into the River Thames along with her friend Rachel Roberts' ashes.


title: Eva May

paragraphs: Eva May (May 29, 1902 — September 10, 1924) was an Austrian actress. She played Lady Rutland in "The Earl of Essex". She also played Kaethi in "Old Heidelberg".

paragraphs: Eva May was born in Vienna, Austria. She shot herself to death, for reasons unknown. She was age 22.


title: Christine Pascal

paragraphs: Christine Pascal (November 29, 1953 — August 30, 1996) was a French actress and director. She played Sylvie in "Round Midnight" (1986). She also acted in other movies. Most of those movies were French. Pascal was also a writer.

paragraphs: Pascal was born, Lyon, Rhône. She died after jumping from the window of a psychiatric ward near Paris. She was aged 42.


title: Imogen Hassall

paragraphs: Imogen Hassall (August 25, 1942 — November 16, 1980) was an English actress. She was in over 30 movies in the 1960s and 1970s. She played Sir Roger's secretary in "The Early Bird". She also played Samantha in "Take a Girl Like You" (1971).

paragraphs: Hassall was born in Surrey in England. She killed herself using barbiturates (drugs). She died in the Wimbledon area of London, aged 38.


title: Eelam War III

paragraphs: The Eelam War III began on 19 April 1995 when the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE, also called Tamil Tigers) sank two Sri Lankan naval craft in Sri Lanka. This was the third armed conflict between the military of Sri Lanka and the Tamil Tigers. There were also Eelam Wars I and II before this conflict and Eelam war IV afterwards.

paragraphs: On the night of 18 July 1996 LTTE forces attacked and overran the military base at Mullaithivu. It was the brigade headquarters of the 215 Sri Lankan Army. About 1,600 soldiers were killed or missing. In April 2000 the LTTE Sea Tigers captured Elephant Pass. This was a major victory since they had lost the last battle at Elephant Pass in 1991. By 2001 both sides were exhausted and ended the war. The LTTE came away with a reputation for their fighting skills. But this led to an Eelam War IV.

paragraphs: On 25 May 1995, LTTE (Liberation of Tamil Tigers) killed 42 men, women, and children in Kallarawa, Sri Lanka. Everyone else who lived there escaped the bloodshed.

paragraphs: In the Ampara District of Sri Lanka on 18 September 1999, another massacre took place. Over 50 women, men, and children were hacked to death in the middle of the night in their sleep.


paragraphs: Bronies: The Extremely Unexpected Adult Fans of My Little Pony is a 2012 documentary film about the adult fandom of the 2010 animated television series "", who are known as bronies. The film was released on DVD and Blu-ray on February 17, 2013. Laurent Malaquais directed the film. The creator of "Friendship Is Magic" executive-produced it.


title: Evan Chandler

paragraphs: Evan Chandler (born Evan Robert Charmatz) (January 25, 1944 – November 5, 2009) was an American screenwriter and dentist. He is best known for accusing Michael Jackson of sexually abusing his son Jordan Chandler in 1993.

paragraphs: Chandler was born in the Bronx to Jewish parents. He changed his name from Charmatz to Chandler because he thought Charmatz was “too Jewish-sounding”.

paragraphs: Chandler wrote the 1993 movie "". In her book "Shockaholic", Carrie Fisher said that Chandler was her dentist.

paragraphs: In 1993, Chandler accused Michael Jackson of molesting his son Jordan. Jordan had made the hebephilia allegations after taking sodium amytal. The 1993 molestation case ended in 1994 after Jackson reached a settlement with Chandler for a reported U.S. $20 million.

paragraphs: An article in "USA Today" said that Chandler tried to sue Jackson again in 1996.

paragraphs: In 1996 Jordan took out a restraining order against Evan.

paragraphs: Fourteen weeks after the death of Michael Jackson, Chandler shot himself in the head on November 5 2009. He suffered with depression for many years.


title: Corey Feldman

paragraphs: Corey Scott Feldman (born July 16, 1971) is an American actor and singer. He was born in Los Angeles. He is the singer of the ska band Truth Movement. He first acted when he was 3 years old in a McDonald's advert. He was friends with Michael Jackson.

paragraphs: Feldman was a contestant in the first season of "The Surreal Life".

paragraphs: On October 28, 2013 "Coreyography" was published. In the book Feldman wrote about how he started taking drugs when he was 14 years old. When he was 17, Joe Dante and Carrie Fisher told him to stop taking drugs. He did not listen to them.


title: Lard

paragraphs: Lard is pig fat that is used in cooking. Before, many cuisines used it as a cooking fat or shortening, or as a spread similar to butter. It is not used as much as before. Many cooks and bakers still like it better than other fats for some things.


title: Ewarton

paragraphs: Ewarton is a town in the Saint Catherine Parish, Jamaica.


title: 1993 child sexual abuse accusations against Michael Jackson

paragraphs: In the summer of 1993, Evan Chandler accused Michael Jackson of sexually abusing his 13-year-old son, Jordan. Evan Chandler killed himself on November 5, 2009. His death was four months after that of Michael Jackson.

paragraphs: Jackson first met Jordan Chandler when Chandler was five years old.

paragraphs: Jackson had become good friends with Jordan Chandler and his family after meeting Chandler in May 1992. Evan became jealous of Jackson because his son liked spending time with him more. In July 1993 Jackson and Jordan's relationship ended. Chandler, who was a dentist, was made to admit that he gave his son a barbiturate called sodium amytal to take out his tooth in August 1993. While he was under the influence of the drug Jordan told his father that Jackson had sexually abused him. Jordan Chandler told the police about the abuse. Los Angeles Police Department's Sexually Exploited Child Unit began a criminal investigation on Jackson on August 18. Police searched Jackson's Neverland Ranch. They found books and photographs in his bedroom that had young boys wearing little or no clothing in them.

paragraphs: Jackson ended his Dangerous World Tour on November 11, 1993 to go to rehab. He had become addicted to painkillers, which he used for the stress of the allegations.

paragraphs: La Toya Jackson, Michael's sister, said at a press conference on December 9, 1993 that "This has been going on since 1981, and it's not just one child." Her husband and manager at the time Jack Gordon said that Michael Jackson had said that he would kill La Toya if she told. In 2011 La Toya said "I never for a minute believed my brother was guilty of anything like that".

paragraphs: In December 1993, Jackson was strip searched. Jordan had told the police what Jackson's genitals looked like. Chandler said that Jackson was circumcised, but he was not.

paragraphs: On December 22 Jackson talked about what had happened via satellite from his ranch. He said,

paragraphs: 'As you may already know, after my tour ended I remained out of the country undergoing treatment for a dependency on pain medication...There have been many disgusting statements made recently concerning allegations of improper conduct on my part. These statements about me are totally false...I will say I am particularly upset by the handling of the mass—matter by the incredible, terrible mass media. At every opportunity, the media has dissected and manipulated these allegations to reach their own conclusions. I ask all of you to wait and hear the truth before you label or condemn me. Don't treat me like a criminal, because I am innocent. I have been forced to submit to a dehumanizing and humiliating examination...It was the most humiliating ordeal of my life...But if this is what I have to endure to prove my innocence, my complete innocence, so be it.'

paragraphs: The case was settled in 1994 with a payment of over $15 million to be put in Jordan Chandler's trust fund, $1.5 million for each of his parents, and $5 million for the family's lawyer. No criminal charges were ever made against Jackson. In 2004 Jackson's attorney for the 2005 Michael Jackson trial Thomas Mesereau Jr. said that Jackson regretted making these payments.

paragraphs: Three years later a book by a journalist called Victor M. Gutierrez was published called "Michael Jackson Was My Lover". It claimed to be the diaries of Jordan from the time period in which he was molested by Jackson. Jackson sued Gutierrez for slander. It was banned in the United States.

paragraphs: After the allegations PepsiCo ended its sponsorship of Jackson. Dubai would not let Jackson perform. "Dangerous" was going to be released as the tenth single from "Dangerous" but was cancelled.

paragraphs: Jackson's first album after the allegations was "". It has sold 25 million copies. This makes it one of the best-selling albums ever released. However, "Dangerous" sold more.

paragraphs: On December 18, 2003 Jackson was charged with seven child sexual abuse offences. Earlier that year a documentary called "Living with Michael Jackson" had been on television. In the documentary Jackson was shown holding hands with his accuser, 13-year-old Gavin Arvizo. Jackson said in the documentary that he shared his bed with children who were not family. Arvizo said that Jackson started molesting him after the documentary was shown. Jackson was found not guilty of all charges on June 13 2005.

paragraphs: Michael Jackson died in 2009. On May 1, 2013 Wade Robson's lawyer sent a private complaint against the Michael Jackson Estate 'for childhood sexual abuse'. In the 1993 investigation and 2005 trial Robson had said that Jackson had not molested him. Robson had been Jackson's "special friend" in 1990. Robson said on "The Today Show" on May 16, 2013 that Jackson as a "pedophile" who sexually abused him from ages 7 to 14.


title: Michael Ealy

paragraphs: Michael Ealy (born August 3, 1973) is an American actor. His real name is Michael Brown; Ealy is the name he uses for acting. He is perhaps best known for his roles in the movies "Barbershop" (2002), its sequel "" (2004), "2 Fast 2 Furious" (2003), "Their Eyes Were Watching God" (2005), "Seven Pounds" (2008), "For Colored Girls" (2010), and "" (2012). On television, Ealy stars as Dorian in the science-fiction police drama, "Almost Human".

paragraphs: Ealy was born in Washington, D.C.. He was raised in Silver Spring, Maryland. His mother worked for IBM. His father worked in the grocery business. He attended the University of Maryland in College Park, Maryland.

paragraphs: He started his acting career in the late 1990s. He appeared in Off-Broadway stage productions. Among his first movie roles were "Bad Company" and "Kissing Jessica Stein". His breakout role was in 2002's "Barbershop", in which he played a reformed street criminal named Ricky Nash. He played that role again in the sequel, "Barbershop 2: Back in Business", in 2004. In 2003, he played Slap Jack in "2 Fast 2 Furious". Later in 2004, Ealy appeared in "Never Die Alone" with DMX. He appeared in Mariah Carey's music video for her hit single "Get Your Number". He played Dominic in "Think like a Man" in 2012.

paragraphs: In October 2012, Ealy married Khatira Rafiqzada, in Los Angeles. They had been together for four years before this.


title: Lance Gross

paragraphs: Lance Darnell Gross (born July 8, 1981) is an American actor. He is best known for his role as Calvin Payne on the sitcom "Tyler Perry's House of Payne".

paragraphs: Gross was born and raised in Oakland, California. He graduated from Bonanza High School. He attended Howard University. While there, he decided to work on becoming an actor instead of becoming a professional track and field athlete. He received a Bachelor of Arts degree in theater.


title: Bloody Monday (manga)

paragraphs: It has been turned into a television series. It began on 11 October 2008.


title: Alexandra Bastedo

paragraphs: Alexandra Bastedo (9 March 1946 – 12 January 2014) was a British actress and activist. She was best known for her role as secret agent Sharron Macready in the television series "The Champions" (1968). Bastedo was a vegetarian. She was well known as an animal welfare activist.

paragraphs: She died in hospital on 12 January 2014 from breast cancer.


title: Leslie H. Martinson

paragraphs: Leslie "Les" H. Martinson (born January 16, 1915) is an American television and movie director. He is known for directing "Maverick", "PT 109", "Temple Houston", "Batman", "", "Mannix", "Diff'rent Strokes", and "Airwolf".

paragraphs: Martinson is President of the West Coast Jewish Theatre, although he is no longer active in the role.