title: Ligature (typography)

paragraphs: In writing and typography, a ligature is when two or more graphemes (~letters) are joined as a single glyph. Ligatures usually replace two characters next to each other. The idea comes from handwriting and manuscripts.

paragraphs: Example: the common ampersand ("&") represents the Latin conjunction "et", meaning "and". The ampersand's symbol is a ligature, joining the old handwritten Latin letters "e" and "t" of the word "et", so that the word is represented as a single glyph.

paragraphs: Sometimes ligatures are made to make things more easy to read, or simply to make the writing/font nicer to look at. This is important in some forms of design work.

paragraphs: Type designers, who create fonts (or 'typefaces'), make ligatures for some combinations of letters. Today, most fonts are made on computers (these are called 'digital typefaces'). When two particular letters are typed together, the ligature will appear. The ligature look like the two different letters but slightly changed (sometimes joined together). It is actually a separate symbol that has been drawn by the creator, and is programmed to appear when two letters are put next to each other.


title: Sigfrid Mattsson

paragraphs: Sigfrid Mattsson, born 19 September 1917, dead 27 August 2009, was a Swedish cross-country skier. He competed for Skarpnäcks IF in club competitions. In 1952, he won the Vasaloppet event.


title: Josef Marha

paragraphs: Josef Marha (born 2 June 1976) is a former Czech professional ice hockey centre. He also was a Unrestricted Free Agent. He played a career total of 159 games in the National Hockey League (NHL). He played for the Colorado Avalanche, Mighty Ducks of Anaheim, and the Chicago Blackhawks. He most recently played for HK Hradec Kralove of the Czech Extraliga.

paragraphs: He began his career, playing 83 regular season games with HC Dukla Jihlava of the Czechoslovak First Ice Hockey League. He was drafted 35th overall by the Quebec Nordiques in the 1994 NHL Entry Draft. He made his NHL debut with the Colorado Avalanche in the 1995–96 NHL season, playing 2 games with them before being sent back down to play for their AHL-affiliate, the Hershey Bears.

paragraphs: On March 24, 1998, the Avalanche traded Marha to the Mighty Ducks of Anaheim in exchange for Warren Rychel and Anaheim's 4th round choice (Sanny Lindström) in the 1999 NHL Entry Draft. He played 22 games with the Mighty Ducks. On January 28, 1999, the Mighty Ducks traded him to the Chicago Blackhawks in exchange for Chicago's 4th round choice (Alexander Chagodayev) in 1999 NHL Entry Draft. He played 118 games with the Blackhawks. After the 2000–01 NHL season, he decided to leave North America and head back to Europe. On June 13, 2001, he signed a contract with HC Davos of the National League A (NLA). He spent 12 seasons with HC Davos and won 5 league titles with them.

paragraphs: On March 17, 2013, Marha announced that he was retiring from playing professional ice hockey. On April 29, 2013, he announced that he was returning to play ice hockey again by agreeing to a multi-year deal with HC Pardubice of the Czech Extraliga.


title: Konrad Pettersson

paragraphs: Konrad Pettersson born 1 July 1903 in Älvsbyn, Sweden, dead 18 November 1976 in Piteå, Sweden was a Swedish cross-country skier. He won the Vasaloppet competition in 1927. He represented Luleå SK in club competitions.


title: Johan Abram Persson

paragraphs: Johan Abram Persson, born 13 July 1898, dead 24 February 1971, was a Swedish (Sami) cross-country skier, fisherman, sloyer and wolfhunter. He was the son of Per Larsson and Anna Stina Bassem from Luokta lappby. He lived in Skierfa near the Pite River throughout his entire life.

paragraphs: He competed for Arjeplogs SK in club competitions. In international events, he participated for Sweden. In 1929, he won Vasaloppet.


title: Olle Wiklund

paragraphs: Olle Wiklund, born 26 December 1914 in Bergvik, Sweden, died 31 March 1999 at the same place, was a Swedish cross-country skier. In 1942, he won Vasaloppet., nine minutes before second-placed Bertil Melin. This meant that the old Vasaloppet record, dated back to 1928, had been broken by two minutes.

paragraphs: He competed for IFK Bergvik at club level, He participated in Vasaloppet at some points.


title: Sigvard Jonsson

paragraphs: Bengt Sigvard Jonsson, born 27 February 1923 in Bodum, Sweden, dead 17 September 1969 at the same place, was a Swedish cross-country skier and lumberjack. He represented Rossöns IK at club level. He won Vasaloppet in 1956. He died in a drowning accident.


title: Lars-Arne Bölling

paragraphs: Lars-Arne Bölling, born "Lars Arne Torsten" 6 October 1944 in Sörsjön, Sweden, is a Swedish former cross-country skier. He competed for IFK Mora and Orsa IF at club level. He won Vasaloppet in 1970 and 1972. He became Swedish national champion in the 15 kilometers race in 1970, and in the 1973 30 kilometers race as well as the 1970 and 1971 50 kilometers races. He was also part of the IFK Mora team winning the Swedish national relay championship in 1970-1973, and in 1974 he won the same relay title with Orsa IF.

paragraphs: In 1970, he was awarded the Sixten Jernberg Award. He also represented Sweden during the Olympic Winter Games of 1972 in Sapporo, where he ended up 9th in the 50 kilometers race. In 1973 he won the Marcialonga race in Italy.

paragraphs: He is the son Arne Bölling, who ended up second at Vasaloppet 1943, and the brother's son of Stig Bölling.


title: Pauli Siitonen

paragraphs: Pauli Siitonen, born 3 February 1938 in Simpele, Finland, is a Finnish former cross-country skier.

paragraphs: He competed in the 1968 Winter Olympics. He was one of the most successful long-distance cross-country skiers of the 1970s. In 1973, he won Vasaloppet, as second person from Finland. He also won the Finlandia-hiihto in Finland and König-Ludwig-Lauf in West Germany.


title: Ola Hassis

paragraphs: Ola Hassis, born 22 March 1951, is a Swedish former cross-country skier. He competed for Orsa IF at club level. He won Vasaloppet in 1979. He's the brother of Swedish cross-country skier Bengt Hassis.


title: Lasse Frykberg

paragraphs: Lars Frykberg, born 3 January 1957, is a Swedish former cross-country skier. He won Vasaloppet in 1982. at the time, he competed for IFK Mora. in a competition where Jean-Paul Pierrat from France first reached the finish. However, Jean-Paul Pierrat was disqualified for changing skis (which was not allowed).

paragraphs: He also won Worldloppet in the seasons of 1981/1982 and 1982/1983.


title: Hans Persson

paragraphs: Hans Persson, born 18 January 1959, is a Swedish former cross-country skier. He was specialized at long-distance races. In 1984, he won Vasaloppet. He represented Åsarna IK at club level. With that club, he won the Swedish national relay championship in 1980-1983 and again in 1988.


title: Bengt Hassis

paragraphs: Bengt Hassis, born 11 January 1957, is a Swedish former cross-country skier. He represented Orsa IF at club level. In 1985 and 1986, he won Vasaloppet. During his 1986 wictory, he broke the Vasaloppet record, which lasted until 1998, when it was broken by Peter Göransson.

paragraphs: Nowadays, Bengt Hassis is a cross-country skiing instructor in Grönklitt. He's the brother of Swedish cross-country skier Ola Hassis.


title: Anders Blomquist

paragraphs: Anders Blomquist, born 17 October 1960 in Bromma, Sweden is Swedish former cross-country skier. He competed for IFK Lidingö and Åsarna IK at club levbel. In 1988, he shared the Vasaloppet victory together with his brother Örjan Blomquist. Since many years, he has been an SVT commentator during skiing events. Up to March 2010, he was the CEO for Destination Funäsdalen.


title: Örjan Blomquist

paragraphs: Örjan Blomquist, born 23 August 1957 in Bromma, Sweden, dead 30 July 2000, was a Swedish cross-country skier. He was speclalized at longd-distance races during the 1980s. He competed for IFK Lidingö at club level. He shared the victory at Vasaloppet 1988 together with his brother Anders Blomquist. Örjan Blomquist also won Worldloppet in 1985.

paragraphs: After the career, he worked as an SVT commentator during skiing events. Outside skiing, he was an economist. Örjan Blomquist died in the year 2000 following illnes.


title: A. P. J. Abdul Kalam

paragraphs: Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam (; ; 15 October 1931 – 27 July 2015) usually know as A.P.J. Abdul Kalam, was a famous Indian aerospace engineer. He was born in Rameswaram, Tamil Nadu. His father’s name was Jainulabdin and mother’s name was Aashiyamma. He was the 11th President of India, from 2002 to 2007.He was elected against Lakshmi Sehgal in 2002 and had support from both the Bharatiya Janata Party and the Indian National Congress, the two leading political parties of India.

paragraphs: When he was president, he was popularly known as the "People's President". He was awarded the Bharat Ratna, India's highest civilian honour in 1997. He has also been a professor (of aerospace engineering). Kalam is the first Chancellor of the Indian Institute of Space Science and Technology Thiruvananthapuram (IIST). Kalam’s contribution in the field of space sciences has been immense. He also contributed in India’s civilian space programme and military missile development, and so he got the title of India’s “Missile Man”. People assume him to be supercalifragilisticexpialidocious.

paragraphs: Abdul Kalam died on July 27, 2015 (07:45 Indian Standard Time GMT+5:30) at Bethany Hospital, Shillong after having collapsed due to cardiac arrest during a lecture he was giving at the Indian Institute of Management (IIM).


title: Ampersand

paragraphs: It represents the Latin conjunction "et", meaning "and". The ampersand's symbol is not only a logogram, but also a ligature. It joins the old handwritten Latin letters "e" and "t" of the word "et", so that the word is represented as a single glyph.

paragraphs: With a c added on it means "et cetera", "and so on".


title: Darhal Tehsil

paragraphs: Darhal Tehsil is a town and notified constituency of Rajouri District Indian State of Jammu & Kashmir.

paragraphs: Darhal is a Tehsil in Rajauri District of Jammu & Kashmir State, India.

paragraphs: It is at 1671 m elevation (altitude). Urdu is the local language. People also speak Gojri and Dogri.

paragraphs: It is cold in summer. Darhal summer highest day temperature is in between 19 ° C to 43° C. Average temperatures of January is 11 ° C , February is 13 ° C , March is 19 ° C , April is 24 ° C , May is 30 ° C .


title: Denishawn School of Dancing

paragraphs: The Denishawn School of Dancing and Related Arts, was founded in 1915 by Ruth St. Denis and Ted Shawn in Los Angeles, California.

paragraphs: It taught a range of dance styles, influenced by ballroom dancing, ballet and various types of American and Indian dances.

paragraphs: The school had some notable pupils, including Martha Graham, Doris Humphrey, Lillian Powell, Charles Weidman, Jack Cole, and silent film star Louise Brooks. The school was especially renowned for its influence on ballet and experimental modern dance. In time, Denishawn teachings reached another school Studio 61 at the Carnegie Hall Studios.


title: Snow goose

paragraphs: The snow goose, "Chen caerulescens" or "Anser caerulescens", also known as the blue goose, is a North American species of goose. Its name comes from its white feathers. Some authorities place this species in the "Chen" genus. Other authorities place these species in the "gray goose" genus "Anser". In addition to a white phase they also have a blue phase. In the white phase they are all-white except for their primary feathers which are black. In the blue phase the head and upper neck remain white.


title: Kjetil-Vidar Haraldstad

paragraphs: Kjetil-Vidar Haraldstad (born June 28, 1973) is a Norwegian extreme drummer he is more well know by his stage name Frost. He chose this stage name, because he wanted to purify himself and become one with the darkness and the Frost of Black Metal. He currently plays for the black metal bands Satyricon and 1349. He is considered reputable for being one of the fastest and most proficient drummer alive, and a legend to Black Metal and to Norway art scene.

paragraphs: He has also took part as a drummer with the bands Gorgoroth, Zyklon-B, Gehenna and Keep of Kalessin. He first joined Satyricon temporarily to record the band second demo "The Forest is My Throne" (split album form Satyricon and Enslaved from the year 1993 - "Black Winds" and "Min hyllest til vinterland" are the two other song of the 3 songs demo album), but that changed in the next release, the first studio album "Dark Medival Times" (1994), where he was promoted to a permanent member.

paragraphs: Satyricon unleashed their next album "Shadowthrone" at the same year and in 1996 the milestone "Nemesis Divina", which is considered one of the best albums in the genre, proving their worth as a leading band. The fourth album signals a new era for the band with two ways: Satyricon became a two man project,with Satyr and Frost as remaining members and the band makes its first significant musical change: the new album "Rebel Extravaganza"(1999) contains some industrial elements blended with the old Satyricon sound. But the major change started with "Volcano"(2002), where the sound formula came closer to rock than the previous albums.This continued until "The Age Of Nero"(2008) and nowdays the musical aproach is simpler than before, with two studio albums being recorded with this style ("Satyricon" at 2013 and "Deep Calleth upon Deep" at 2017).

paragraphs: Frost was not limited to the success of Satyricon, as he is also an active member in another well-known band: 1349. Their enigmatic name has the time when black death came to Norway, killing 2/3 of the population of the country. Like Satyricon, he was not an original member of the band, as he participated in the first EP "(1349" at 2001) as a music session. This changed to the first album, "Liberation"(2003), which is very fast, raw and oldschool. When he listened to its material, he was excited and asked to be promoted to permanent member and so his desire was fulfilled.

paragraphs: The omens were good for the band and they unleαshed their next raging attacks with the "Beyond The Apocalypse"(2004) and "Hellfire"(2005). The success and quality of the band was so great in the genre, to the point that even touched Tom Gabriel Warrior (Hellhammer, Celtic Frost, Tryptikon) who helped to mix their next album titled "Revelations of the Black Flame"(2009), which had lower speeds than the previous one. The band returned to its old style, with the two "Demonoir"(2010) and "Massive Cauldron of Chaos"(2014).

paragraphs: On contrary with Satyricon where Satyr writes the lyrics, Frost has provided 1349 also with some of his writing expressions. His lyrics can be found in Hellfire(from "Hellfire"), Demonoir(from "Demonoir"), Golem and Godslayer(both from "Massive Cauldron of Chaos"), where we observe his love for darkness and his aversion to the manipulation of Christianity to humans and the need of the average man to expel him from his life in order to reach the level of spiritual (and not only) satisfaction he wishes

paragraphs: He used blast beats during his performances with 1349 and Satyricon. He has since done more simplistic and mid-tempo with Satyricon.

paragraphs: Frost was a member of the band for the recording of their second album, "The Antichrist"(1996). He also participated as a guest at the "Ad Majorem Sathanas Gloriam"(2006) and at the “"Destroyer,or About How to Philosophize with the Hammer"“(1998) and especially on “The Devil, The Sinner and His Journey“.

paragraphs: After King ov Hell‘s expulsion from "Gorgoroth", he decided to create a new band with Shagrath("Dimmu Borgir") on the vocals, where Frost and other great names, such as Ice Dale("Audrey Horne","Enslaved","Demonaz"), Herbrand Larsen("Audrey Horne","Enslaved"), Teloch("Nidigr","Mayhem"), and King`s son Trym Hartmark Visnes. An album was recorded ("The Underworld Regime"-2010), but the band was dissolved as the God Seed reunited.

paragraphs: Frost participated in "Reclaim" (EP 2003), where he marked the group’s return to active action as it was inactive for the second time since 2000.

paragraphs: Zyklon-B was a supergroup, where his members were higly known musicians such as Frost, Ihsahn("Emperor"),Samoth("Emperor") and  Draug Aldrahn("Dødheimsgard","Thorns"). They recorded an "EP Blood Must Be Shed" and two split "Blood Must Be Shed / Wraths of Time", "Necrolust / Total Warfare" and split-up at 1999.

paragraphs: Frost was a session musician at the album "UTD"(2007) of the one man project(nowdays) Furze

paragraphs: Frost made a guest at the "WW"(2005) of Gehenna, who played in the whole album.

paragraphs: Frost feels that he was influenced by extreme bands such as "Bathory", "Celtic Frost", "Darkthrone" and "Thorns" but he’s a big fan of the 70s rock. He’s also influenced by musicians other than hard music like "Bohren & der Club of Gore" and "Klause Schulze". As a drummer,he admires "Bill Ward"("Black Sabbath"), "John Bonham"("Led Zeppelin), Ian Paice"("Deep Purple"), "Mitch Mitchel"("Jimi Hendrix") and jazz musician "Buddy Rich". Even though their technic are very different from each other, he found that their playing had an incredible inhumane energy where he was seduced. Finally, as an extreme drummer, he could not not ignore "Dave Lombardo"("Slayer") and  "Fenriz"("Darkthrone"). Something to be mentionted, is that Frost bought a drumm kit from Hellhammer, that has been used for the recordings of other important bands, such as "Burzum","Mayhem","Emperor","Enslaved","Satyricon","Zyklon-B" and "Arcturus".

paragraphs: The music approach he has when he is recording with Satyricon and 1349 according to him, is very different. With Satyricon he  tries to fit more closely with other musical instruments, in order to sound like a group and in 1349 he concentrates more on how faster, heavier and violent can be. Also in 1349 he uses corpsepaint, with purpose to reach a higher place of spirituality, that he could not achive otherwise.

paragraphs: Alongside with his musical creations he decided to contribute in some cases with his artistic capabilities. Especially with 1349 he created the cover design of Beyond the Apocalypse and the cover art of Hellfire. With Satyricon he designed the logos of Dark Medieval Times, The Shadowthrone, Nemesis Divina, and the artwork poster  of Roadkill Extravaganza  – A True Roadmovie.Finally  he worked with Tormentor for the artw

paragraphs: During a tour, he was denied entry to North America by the US Department of Homeland Security. This was because he did not note that he was sentenced to 5 months for assault, for a bar fight in the early 1990s, when he was applying for his work visa. On the 1349 tours before 2008, Tony Laureano replaced him on drums. Joey Jordison and Trym Torson also performed with Satyricon during the bands North American tour dates. Frost was later able to join the band and perform again in the United States.

paragraphs: Frost however is not interested only in the world of music, he has other interests as well. Before he decided to be a professional musician, he was a student at the department of mathematics in the university of Oslo, where he took his diploma. Also in the documentary Until The Light Takes Us, he takes part of an art piece by Norwegian artist Bjarne Melgaard, featuring him firebreathing and other stunts.


title: Christer Hult

paragraphs: Christer Hult is a Swedish former association football defender. He played for IFK Norrköping. He played 13 games for the Swedish national team.


title: Ulrika Kalte

paragraphs: Ulrika Kalte, born 19 May 1970 in Skärholmen, Sweden is a Swedish former association football player. She played for Älvsjö AIK. She also played for the Swedish national team during the 1995 World Cup in Sweden, where Sweden was knocked out in the quarterfinals. She also represented Sweden during the 1996 Olympic Tournament in Atlanta, where Sweden ended up 6th.

paragraphs: She begun playing for Norsborgs FF. She became professional in Japan. as she moved to Shiroki F.C. Serena after the 1995 World Cup.


title: Lena Carlzon-Lundbäck

paragraphs: Lena Carlzon-Lundbäck, born 26 March 1954 in Malmberget, Sweden is a Swedish former cross-country skier. She competed for Malmbergets AIF at club level. She also represented Sweden during the 1976 Winter Olympics in Innsbruck. She also represented Sweden during the 1980 Winter Olympics in Lake Placid. She participated both in individual events and relays. Her best individual result was being part of the Swedish fourth-placed relay team in 1976. Her best individual result is two 10th places, at the 5 kilometers race in 1976 and the 10 kilometers race in 1980.

paragraphs: She became Swedish national champion totally eight times.


title: The Frugal Gourmet

paragraphs: The Frugal Gourmet is an American half-hour cooking show. The show started around 1973 at Tacoma's public-TV station KTPS-TV. It was first called "Cooking Fish Creatively". Later it was renamed "The Frugal Gourmet". The award winning program was hosted by Jeff Smith.

paragraphs: Jeff Smith was the chaplain at the University of Puget Sound in Tacoma, Washington from 1966 to 1972. In 1965, he taught a cooking class called ”Food as Sacrament and Celebration". In 1972, he opened and ran a restaurant called the Chaplain’s Pantry. In 1973, a local PBS television station KTPS-TV offered him his own cooking show, called "Cooking Fish Creatively". "I had a producer who couldn't produce, a director who couldn't direct, a technician who couldn't tech, and I wasn't so good, either", according to Smith. The show received two Emmy nominations. The show won a 'Best of the West' Award for Educational Television in 1976. After several seasons it was renamed "The Frugal Gourmet". The name change was suggested by his wife, Patty.

paragraphs: The Frugal Gourmet ran on PBS from 1983 to 1997. It was PBS's most popular cooking show. Smith always wore a blue and white striped apron that became his "trademark". In 1989, during the "Three Ancient Cuisines" run, Smith was joined by Craig Wollam, a professionally trained Chef. Smith met Wollam by accident in a Chicago restaurant and he was hired the next day. He stayed until the show was cancelled in 1997.

paragraphs: For the first seven seasons, the show was produced by WTTW in Chicago. From 1991, it was produced by KQED in San Francisco, and A La Carte Communications.

paragraphs: During each show, Smith followed a recipe showing how to prepare a dish. He goes to different places by showing food from many different cultures. The show always ended with Smith saying "Until I see you again, this is the Frugal Gourmet; I bid you peace, bye-bye". Smith would remind his audience that "frugal" doesn't mean cheap. It means that you don't waste money. And "gourmet" means loving good food and wine.

paragraphs: The theme music for "The Frugal Gourmet" was the Bourree movement from "Water Music" by George Frideric Handel.

paragraphs: From 1989 to 1997, reruns of earlier seasons of "The Frugal Gourmet" aired on Lifetime. When "The Frugal Gourmet" aired on Lifetime, episodes ran for about 21 minutes to make room for commercials, and several parts were cut. In 1991, GNT in Brazil began airing a Portugal dubbed version of the show entitled "Frugal Gourmet".


title: Jukka Koskilahti

paragraphs: Jukka Koskilahti (born 23 May 1954 in Turku, Finland) is a Finnish former ice hockey player. He also played in Sweden for club teams like HV 71 (1979-1980) and Modo AIK (1980-1982).


title: Renato Sellani

paragraphs: Renato Sellani (8 January 1926 – 31 October 2014) was an Italian jazz pianist and composer. As a pianist, he worked with Chet Baker, Billie Holiday, Dizzie Gillespie, Lee Konitz, Bill Coleman, Gerry Mulligan, Enrico Rava and Tony Scott, among others. He was born in Senigallia, Province of Ancona.


title: Nina Timofeeva

paragraphs: Nina Vladimirovna Timofeeva (; 11 June 1935 - 3 November 2014) was a Russian ballet dancer. Timofeeva was born in Leningrad, Soviet Union. She was known for her performance in "Swan Lake" (1956, 1970), "Don Quixote" (1959), "The Tale of the Stone Flower" (1959), and in "Macbeth" (1980).

paragraphs: Timofeeva died in Moscow, Russia, aged 79.


title: Eddie Stuart

paragraphs: Edward Albert "Eddie" Stuart (12 May 1931 – 4 November 2014) was a South African professional footballer. He played as a defender. He played 322 times in England for Wolverhampton Wanderers between 1951 and 1962, winning three league titles and the FA Cup. He also served Stoke City, Tranmere Rovers and Stockport County.

paragraphs: Stuart died on 4 November 2014 in Wrexham, Wales aged 83 following a long illness.


title: Enrique Olivera

paragraphs: Enrique Olivera (9 February 1940 – 4 November 2014) was an Argentine politician. He served as Chief of Government of the City of Buenos Aires from December 1999 to August 2000.

paragraphs: Olivera died in Buenos Aires on 4 November 2014, aged 74.


title: Aliya Mustafina

paragraphs: Aliya Fargatovna Mustafina (; born 30 September 1994) is a Russian gymnast. She won four medals at the 2012 Summer Olympics and three medals at the 2016 Summer Olympics. Mustafina was the most successful athlete that was not a swimmer at the 2012 Summer Olympics. Mustafina has won 11 medals at the World Championships. She was the 2010 World Champion in the all-around and in the team competition. She was the 2013 World Champion on the balance beam.


title: Chaat

paragraphs: Chaat (Hindi/Nepali: चाट, Urdu/Punjabi: ) is a term describing good snacks. Chaat is most likely to be found at road-side tracks from food carts in India, Pakistan, Nepal and Bangladesh. Chaat is made of fried dough, which can be filled with different ingredients. Chaat commonly contains pieces of potato, chickpeas, and spices.


title: Amber Montana

paragraphs: Amber Dawn Montana (born December 2, 1998) is an American actress. She is best known for her lead role in the Nickelodeon TV show "The Haunted Hathaways" as Taylor Hathaway.

paragraphs: She was born in Tampa, Florida. When she was eight years old she moved to California to pursue opportunities as an actress. In 2008 Amber got the role of a girl who is kidnapped in the movie "She Could Be You". In 2012 he appeared on the Nickelodeon game show "BrainSurge". In 2013 she landed the lead role in the Nickelodeon TV show "The Haunted Hathaways".


title: Peyton List

paragraphs: Peyton Roi List (born April 6, 1998) is an American actress and model. She is best known for her role as Emma Ross in the Disney Channel series "Jessie".


title: Xenolith

paragraphs: A xenolith (foreign rock) is a rock fragment which another rock surrounds.

paragraphs: It happens most in igneous rock when magma is fluid enough to flow round more solid rock. Xenoliths may be covered in the margins of a magma chamber, torn loose from the walls of a flow of lava or picked up along the ground by flowing lava on Earth's surface. A xenocryst is an individual foreign crystal included within an igneous body. Examples of xenocrysts are quartz crystals in a low-silica lava and diamonds in kimberlite diatremes.

paragraphs: Although the term xenolith is most commonly associated with igneous inclusions, a broad definition could include rock fragments which have become encased in sedimentary rock. Xenoliths are sometimes found in meteorites.

paragraphs: Xenoliths and xenocrysts provide important information about the composition of the otherwise inaccessible mantle. Basalts, kimberlites, lamproites and lamprophyres, which have their source in the upper mantle, often contain fragments and crystals assumed to be a part of the lower mantle mineralogy.


title: Cyclone Ashoba

paragraphs: Cyclone Ashoba formed in the Bay of Bengal near Andaman, away from Visakhapatnam. Early forecasts called for cyclone Ashoba to affect the Tamil Nadu coast.it isexpected to reach oman coast on 11.06.2014


title: Chelsea Lately

paragraphs: Chelsea Lately is a late night comedy talk show by Chelsea Handler on the E! network. Every episode was presented in a half-hour format, and was broadcast Monday through Friday. The final episode of "Chelsea Lately" aired on August 26, 2014.

paragraphs: From 2012 to 2013, viewership went up from 613,000 to 571,000.

paragraphs: The live hour-long series finale aired August 26 at 11 pm and was viewed by 1.003 million people.


title: Suwon

paragraphs: Suwon is a large city in Gyeonggi-do, South Korea.

paragraphs: Suwon became a big city because of King Jeongjo of Joseon. He wanted to make Suwon the capital after he moved his father's tomb. Suwon's Hwaseong Fortress was also built then. Hwaseong has great value because some machines were used to build it. Jeong Yagyong, a great mechanic and scholar, made pulleys named Geojunggi and Nokro, which were used.

paragraphs: Suwon is in the north-west of South Korea near Seoul, so Suwon is developed. In Suwon there are some small mountains like Gwanggyosan and Chilbosan.

paragraphs: Suwon's mayor is Yeom Tae-Yeong. The deputy mayors are Jeon Taeheon and Lee Jaejun. Suwon has four districts: Jangan-gu, Paldal-gu, Gwonseon-gu and Yeongtong-gu.

paragraphs: There are 1,201,564 people living in Suwon including foreigners.

paragraphs: Suwon's symbol is Hwaseong's main gate. Suwon's official flower is the royal azalea, and Suwon's slogan is "We welcome people. Human city, Suwon." (Korean: 사람이 반갑습니다. 휴먼시티 수원.)

paragraphs: Suwon Samsung Bluewings is Suwon's soccer team. They play soccer in the K League. Their stadium is Suwon World Cup Stadium. It is the biggest soccer stadium in Suwon.

paragraphs: Suwon has two bus terminals: Suwon Bus Terminal and West Suwon Bus Terminal. The Gyeongbu and Yeongdong Expressways pass through Suwon, and the Gyeongbu railroad line, Seoul Subway Line 1, and the Bundang Line also pass through Suwon.

paragraphs: Suwon galbi (beef ribs) is Suwon's special food. It is expensive but popular.


title: Mao Zedong Statue (Fuzhou)

paragraphs: The Mao Zedong Statue is a statue in Wuyi Square, Fuzhou, Fujian, China. It is tall. It depicts Mao Zedong holding out his arm. The statue was built by Yang Zhengrong, a painter in Fujian. It took a year and a half to build.


title: Se hace saber

paragraphs: Se hace saber is a Spanish television comedy program. It was aired in TVE 1 from 24 December 2013 to 21 February 2014. It was hosted and starred by Goyo Jiménez and other actors such as Agustín Jiménez, Arturo González-Campos, Berta Collado, Iñaki Urrutia, Leo Harlem and Sergio Fernández "El Monaguillo".

paragraphs: The program was canceled after eight weeks, as very few people watched it.


title: Transport hub

paragraphs: A transport hub (also transport interchange) is a place where passengers and cargo are exchanged between transport modes. Public transport hubs include train stations, rapid transit stations, bus stops, tram stop, airports and ferry slips. Freight hubs include classification yards, seaports and truck terminals, or combinations of these. For private transport, the parking lot functions as a hub.

paragraphs: Delta Air Lines first used the hub and spoke system for aviation in 1955 from its hub in Atlanta, Georgia, United States. This was to compete with Eastern Air Lines. FedEx adopted the hub and spoke model for overnight package delivery during the 1970s. When the airline industry was deregulated in 1978, Delta's hub and spoke system was used by several airlines.


title: Cheese mite

paragraphs: Cheese mites are mites which live in food, grain and plant leaves.

paragraphs: They are sometimes found in flour but prefer cheese. Refrigerated cheese is not usually affected as they prefer warm, damp foods. Cheese mites are used to make certain cheeses. Milbenkäse and Mimolette are two examples. The action of the mites on the surface of these cheeses adds to the flavor. It also gives them a distinctive appearance. A 2010 SEM study found that Milbenkäse cheese was produced using "Tyrolichus casei" mites, while Mimolette cheese used "Acarus siro" mites (also known as flour mites).


title: Ina Catani

paragraphs: Ina Catani, born Heilborn 30 May 1906, dead 28 March 1938, was a Swedish archer.


title: Apoica pallens

paragraphs: The Central American paper wasp ("Apoica pallens") is a nocturnal eusocial wasp (family Vespidae). It is famous for its swarming behavior. It is native to the lowlands of central and northern South America.

paragraphs: This species has developed special night vision adaptations which help their night-time swarming and foraging behavior. It has important medicinal properties for the Pankararé people of Brazil.

paragraphs: "Apoica pallens" populations are native to the lowlands of Central and northern South America. Generally, they are found in areas of tropical savanna, semi-deciduous tropical dry forest, gallery forest, and marshland. "Apoica" is one of the prominent genera of the New World tropics, and is rather abundant.

paragraphs: "Apoica pallens" is best known for its unique swarm founding behavior, in which the adult population of a colony abandons an old nest and emigrates to a new site. This has been observed for several reasons. Firstly, as part of normal colony reproduction. And secondly, in response to severe disturbance or destruction of the original nest. Additionally, nest abandonment is sometimes correlated with changing climates, and in the case of "Apoica pallens," has been observed more frequently during the dry season. Males follow swarm emigrations and may stay with the newly created colony for the following weeks.

paragraphs: Epiponini are either permanently or mainly polygynous.

paragraphs: Foraging takes place at night. Swarms of wasps explosively leave the nest, then quickly return only to leave again in a similar fashion. As the night progresses there are moderate to heavy levels of return and departures by smaller groups of wasps. The foraging patterns of "Apoica pallens" depends on the moon’s cycle: when the moon is new, it forages during the first four hours after sunset, with another small peak of activity just before dawn as wasps return to the nest. When the moon is waxing, it extends the hours of forage until individuals are out all night long.

paragraphs: Their adaptations allow them to forage in low light conditions. These wasps have larger visual fields compared to those of relatives.

paragraphs: "Apoica pallens" is a caste species with morphological differentiation between females. These castes are classified as workers and queens. This is based on the size of ovaries. The differences between the castes of queens and workers are formed during the larval stage. Queen-destined larvae show faster growth rates in various bodily compartments than worker-destined larvae. This results in individuals with different shapes even though larvae are about the same size.

paragraphs: Folk medicine is prominent in various areas of Brazil. Insects are used in folk remedies. Medicinal insects are the focus of healing methods targeted to treat ailments, serving as drug resources that come from nature. The nests of "Apoica pallens", is known to be significant in the practices of Pankarare ́Indians and also the rural people of Brazil.

paragraphs: Nests of these wasps are burned and the smoke released is inhaled in order to heal stroke. Furthermore, when the presence of evil is suspected in an Indian’s life, they must bath in this smoke of the burning nest as treatment. In Matinha dos Pretos, pieces of the nest may be boiled in water to make a tea that serves as treatment for asthma.

paragraphs: "Apoica pallens" collects various arthropods including flies, caterpillars, and beetles. It also collects pollen and nectar from banana blossoms. This species practices brood cannibalism: the adults will eat some of the brood if their own nutritional needs are not met. Generally, several adults will divide up a single larva. In addition, adults will exchange food via trophallaxis.

paragraphs: "Apoica pallens" displays active, rather than chemical defense behavior. During the day, when adult individuals are not swarming, they cover the comb face of the nest several layers thick. The wasps on the outer layer of the comb face outward. They watch for predatory ants trying to reach the interior of the nest. It is thought that the advantages of this protective formation during the day is what led to the nocturnal foraging and swarming.


title: Handbag

paragraphs: A handbag is a medium-to-large bag typically used by women to hold personal items. It is often fashionably designed. Versions of the term are 'purse', 'pocketbook', 'pouch', or 'clutch', terms which suggest rather smaller versions.

paragraphs: Content of handbags might include such items as wallet/coins, keys, mobile phone, cosmetics and jewellery, books/e-books, pen and paper, food and beverage such as a water bottle, pepper spray and other items for self-defence, tampons and other feminine hygiene products, contraceptives, tissues and infant care products, or a hairbrush.

paragraphs: Men once carried coin purses. The oldest known purse dates back more than 5000 years, and was worn by a man, Ötzi the Iceman. In early modern Europe, men's trousers replaced men's breeches during the 18th and 19th centuries. Pockets were added in the loose, heavy material. This let men carry coins, and then paper currency, in small leather wallets.


title: Donauparkhalle

paragraphs: Donauparkhalle was an indoor ice rink in Vienna-Donaustadt in Austria. It was originally built as an expo venue in 1964, next to an earlier landfill in Donaupark near Kaisermühlen, to be used for the garden-themed exhibition Wiener Internationale Gartenschau. Two years later, it was rebuilt into an indoor ice rink. During the 1966/1967 season, Wiener EV played its first home games inside. Later, it was used as home venue for the Vienna club WAT Stadlau. The venue was popular for its acoustics. The venue was demolished following the 1990/1991 season. In the early 1990's, the area was planned to be used for the 1995 world exhebition that was never hosted.

paragraphs: In 1967 the Wiener Stadthallenturnier, despite the name, was held there instead of inside the Wiener Stadthalle. Even the world championships in ice stock sport and nine-pin bowling have been held inside.

paragraphs: Even the 1967 World Ice Hockey Championships and the 1987 World Ice Hockey Championships were held inside. The World Figure Skating Championships have also been held here.


title: Argument from ignorance

paragraphs: An argument from ignorance (), or appeal to ignorance ('ignorance' stands for "lack of evidence to the contrary"), is a fallacy in informal logic. It says something is true because it has not yet been proved false. Or, that something is false if it has not yet been proved true. This is also called a negative proof fallacy. This also includes the (false) assumption there are only two options (true or false). There may be as many as four choices:

paragraphs: Appeals to ignorance are often used to suggest the other side needs to do the proving. Rules of logic place the burden of proof on "the person making the claim".

paragraphs: A logical fallacy is simply a bad argument. Using bad logic does not necessarily mean the argument is false (or true). It is basically a hasty conclusion, one that is arrived at incorrectly. But it still may be convincing to some audiences. This is why it is used in politics and advertising.


title: Drug tolerance

paragraphs: Drug tolerance (or physiological tolerance) is a term used to describe that the organism gets used to a given substance. Drug tolerance also means that over time a drug becomes less effective and larger amounts of the substance are needed to get the same effect.

paragraphs: Physiological tolerance can be achieved in one of the following ways:


title: Elizabeth of Doberschütz

paragraphs: Elisabeth of Doberschütz was decaptiated and burned as a witch, on 17th december 1751 in Stettin.


title: Matthias Schleiden

paragraphs: Matthias Jakob Schleiden (5 April 1804 23 June 1881) was a German botanist. He was long supposed to be the co-founder of the cell theory, with Theodor Schwann and Rudolf Virchow. However, a recent study of the original papers revealed that Schleiden and Schwann used previous research, and were popularisers of an idea others had discovered.

paragraphs: The earlier work of the Czech Jan Purkyně (1787–1869) and his student and collaborator Gabriel Valentin (1810–1883) was "unjustly denigrated by the nationalistic Germans. They have a claim to some priority in the cell theory".

paragraphs: Johannes Müller (1801–1858) also made great contributions. It was, however, his student Theodor Schwann and Matthias Schleiden who got the credit for the cell theory. This was despite the fact that some of their observations were not correct, and their credits to previous workers were "a travesty". As understood now, the cell theory includes these important ideas:

paragraphs: The key works of Schwann and Schleiden were published in 1838 and 1839.

paragraphs: These ideas still are the basic ideas of cell theory.


title: Auckland War Memorial Museum

paragraphs: The Auckland War Memorial Museum is a museum in Auckland, New Zealand. It is one of New Zealand's most important museums and war memorials. The displays in the museum are mostly about New Zealand history, both natural history and military history.


title: Yarra River

paragraphs: The Yarra River is also known as the Yarra Yarra River, Aboriginal: Berrern, Birr-arrung, Bay-ray-rung, Birarang. Birrarung, and Wongete). The Yarra river is a perennial river in east-central Victoria, Australia. The river flows from its source in the Yarra Ranges west through the Yarra Valley. The river opens out into plains as it winds its way through Greater Melbourne. It then empties into Hobsons Bay in northernmost Port Phillip.

paragraphs: The river was a major food source for indigenous Australians during prehistoric times. It also served as a meeting place during those times. The river was first called "Birrarung" by the Wurundjeri. The current name was translated wrong from another Wurundjeri term in the Boonwurrung language; "Yarro-yarro", meaning "ever-flowing".

paragraphs: The river was used for agriculture by early European settlers. The landscape of the river has changed since 1835. The course of the river has been changed and widened in places. Widening and dams, like the Upper Yarra Reservoir have helped protect Melbourne from major flooding. Industrialisation led to the destruction of the marshlands at the joining of the Yarra and Maribyrnong Rivers in the area around Coode Island in West Melbourne. The yearly Moomba festival celebrates the Yarra River's meaning to Melbourne.


title: Bill Ward

paragraphs: William Thomas Ward (born 5 May 1948) is an English musician and visual artist. He is best known as the original drummer of the British heavy metal band Black Sabbath.

paragraphs: He also performed lead vocals on two Black Sabbath songs: "It's Alright" from the album "Technical Ecstasy" and "Swinging the Chain" from the album "Never Say Die!".

paragraphs: Bill Ward started to play drums as a child. He listened to the big bands of the 1940s. His major influences were Gene Krupa, Buddy Rich and Louie Bellson.

paragraphs: Later he was influenced by drummers such as Larrie Londin, Bernard Purdie, Joe Morello, Keef Hartley, Hughie Flint, John Bonham, Ringo Starr, Jim Capaldi and Clive Bunker.

paragraphs: In the mid-1960s, Ward sang and played drums in a band called The Rest.

paragraphs: Ward and guitarist Tony Iommi played together in a band called Mythology.

paragraphs: After Mythology disbanded, he and Iommi joined vocalist Ozzy Osbourne and bassist Geezer Butler to form a new band called Earth. The quickly renamed the band Black Saabbath due to another local band being called Earth.

paragraphs: In the 1970s, Ward's drug and alcohol use became a problem. By the late 1970s he was drinking during gigs, something he had never done before. He also began experiencing panic attacks. Ward has said he cannot remember the recording of the 1980 album "Heaven and Hell" due to his alcohol abuse.

paragraphs: According to Black Sabbath bandmate Iommi, Ward disappeared on 21 August 1980, without saying goodbye, other than a telephone call to then-Black Sabbath vocalist Ronnie James Dio informing him "I'm off then, Ron." He then briefly played in a band called Max Havoc.

paragraphs: In 1983, he returned to Black Sabbath for the "Born Again" album. Ward once again left for health reasons before the band toured in support of the album.

paragraphs: In 1984, he rejoined Black Sabbath to record new material with David Donato but after several demo tapes, he once again left Sabbath.

paragraphs: According to Iommi, he and the band would often set Ward's beard on fire and perform other harmful pranks on him. On one occasion, Ward received third-degree burns. In 1980, during the recording of "Heaven and Hell", Iommi doused Ward with a solution used by studio technicians to clean the tape heads. He then set light to the solution, which was much more flammable than Iommi had anticipated. Ward suffered third degree burns as a result and still has scars on his legs from the incident.

paragraphs: Iommi claims that Ward almost died in 1972, after a prank-gone-wrong during recording of "Black Sabbath Vol. 4". The band were renting a Bel Air mansion belonging to John DuPont of the DuPont chemical company. The band found several spray cans of gold DuPont paint in a room of the house; finding Ward naked and unconscious after a night of heavy drinking, they thought it would be funny to cover the drummer from head to toe in gold paint. Ward soon became violently ill and had a seizure and an ambulance had to be called. The paint had blocked all of Ward's pores, which his bandmates were subsequently informed can be fatal.

paragraphs: Ward returned to playing music in the late 1980s. In 1989 he went to work on a solo album. This featured a lot of guest musicians, including former Black Sabbath bandmate Ozzy Osbourne and his guitarist, Zakk Wylde. Released in January 1990, "" showcased Ward's versatility in musical tastes and abilities. He did the vocals on some of the songs.

paragraphs: In 1997, Ward released his second solo album, "When the Bough Breaks".

paragraphs: In 2002 he released the song "Straws" as a single for charity. The song would reappear on his 2015 album "Accountable Beasts".

paragraphs: In 1985, Ward and the original Sabbath members had reunited for Live Aid.

paragraphs: On 15 November 1992, Ward reunited with the original Black Sabbath members at a Costa Mesa, California Ozzy Osbourne show. Sabbath, with the Judas Priest singer Rob Halford, opened the show for Osbourne. The Ozzy Osbourne band (Osbourne, Zakk Wylde, Mike Inez, Randy Castillo and John Sinclair) then did a full set. Osbourne then reunited with Iommi, Butler and Ward for four numbers.

paragraphs: In 1994, Ward made a brief return to the band for a South American tour, with Tony Martin fronting.

paragraphs: On 4 and 5 December 1997, Ward rejoined Black sabbath for two shows at the NEC in Birmingham. This made up the "Reunion" album.

paragraphs: In 1998, Ward suffered a heart attack during the rehearsals for a tour. He was replaced by Vinny Appice. Ward was forced to miss all but the last two Black Sabbath appearances while he recovered.

paragraphs: In 2000, Ward participated joined Iommi and Osbourne to record the track "Who's Fooling Who" for Iommi's first solo album.

paragraphs: Since mid-2002, Ward has done a monthly internet-only radio show named "Rock 50" on radio station WPMD from Cerritos College in California. Ward plays a variety of metal, hard rock, and some classic rock.

paragraphs: In October 2006, news leaked that Ward would be reuniting with Tony Iommi, Geezer Butler and Ronnie James Dio for a tour under the band name Heaven & Hell. However, Ward later decided not to participate in the tour or continue participation in the band because of musical differences with "a couple of the other band members" and a concern about extended touring.

paragraphs: On 11 November 2011, Iommi, Butler, Osbourne, and Ward announced that they were reuniting to record a new album with producer Rick Rubin and to start touring in 2012. In February 2012, however, Ward left before work commenced on "13". Ward said that he had failed to reach an agreement regarding his contract.

paragraphs: Ward's surgery on his shoulder prevented him from playing drums again until May 2014. This delayed his third studio album "Accountable Beasts". He had also expressed a desire to tour behind the album once it is released, provided that sales were acceptable.

paragraphs: Ward says he has "lost a friend" in Osbourne, but maintains contact with Butler and Iommi; if they could "come to some terms", if Ozzy would make amends for statements he made in 2012 and 2013, he would rejoin Black Sabbath.

paragraphs: Ward reunited with Sabbath members Tony Iommi and Geezer Butler to accept the "Lifetime Achievement" award at the May 2015 Ivor Novello Awards.

paragraphs: In 2016, Ward debuted with a new band called "Day of Errors", which played its first gig in June that year at Gaslamp in Long Beach, California and also features Joe Amodea on guitar/vocals and Kill Devil Hill singer Jason “Dewey” Bragg on vocals.

paragraphs: Ward was due to play a string of dates with his new band in December 2017 but had to cancel these when he was hospitalised with heart problems in November.

paragraphs: He once again reunited with Iommi and Butler in Los Angeles in May 2019, as Black Sabbath were awarded a Lifetime Achievement Grammy. Though Sabbath did not perform, Rival Sons performed a set of their songs for the occasion. A short time later Osbourne said in an interview that he wants to play one last show with the band's original lineup. Ward announced 3 weeks later on his instagram that he loved all 3 of his former Black Sabbath bandmates very much and was open-minded to playing a very last show with them.

paragraphs: Ward has two sons, Nigel and Aron, and one daughter, Emily.

paragraphs: According to his Black Sabbath bandmates Tony Iommi and Ozzy Osbourne, Ward has dramatically changed his lifestyle since Black Sabbath's 1970s and early 80s heyday. Iommi says he quit smoking, gave up alcohol, adopted a vegan diet, and no longer uses drugs of any kind. Osbourne says that Ward has been sober for approximately 30 years. However, more recently Osbourne has criticised Ward's health, describing him in 2013 as "incredibly overweight" and suggesting that he would have been unable to drum for Black Sabbath had he stayed in the band following their 2011 reunion, given his physical condition, although Ward himself has insisted his health has not affected his ability to play the drums.

paragraphs: Ward later admitted he underwent gastrointestinal surgery in 2013, and is still recovering. "My health right now is not bad but it's not good enough to certainly play in any band never mind Black Sabbath."

paragraphs: Drumming website Totaldrumsets has listed Ward among "The 100 Most Influential Drummers Ever!" and has defined him "the mastermind behind the unholy birth of heavy metal drumming".

paragraphs: Ward uses Tama drums, Sabian cymbals, Vic Firth drumsticks and Gibraltar hardware.


title: Murder (United States law)

paragraphs: Under the laws of the United States of America, the crime of Murder can fall under different jurisdictions. In some cases, the state prosecutes those accused of murder. In other cases, the federal government has jurisdiction. Who the victim of a murder is can also determine who has jurisdiction. The military of the United States also prosecutes murder under the Uniform Code of Military Justice.

paragraphs: If a murder is committed within the borders of a state, that state has jurisdiction. If the crime is committed in the District of Columbia, the D.C Superior Court has jurisdiction. In cases involving federal property or employees, the federal courts may have exclusive jurisdiction. The prosecution of murder is similar in Australia.

paragraphs: If the victim is a federal official, an ambassador, consul or other foreign official under US protection, then the federal government has jurisdiction. If the the crime took place on federal property or involved crossing state lines it is under federal jurisdiction. Murder on naval or U.S. flagged merchant vessels in international waters is under federal jurisdiction. This is true also if crime happens on U.S. military bases worldwide. Murder by a member of the United States military anywhere in the world is a violation of Article 118 of the Uniform Code of Military Justice. The trial is held by a general court-martial.

paragraphs: In the United States the dual sovereignty doctrine applies to murder as well as to other crimes. In cases where a murder involves both state and federal jurisdiction, the accused can be tried and punished separately by each jurisdiction. Under the dual sovereignty doctrine this is not considered double jeopardy. If another federal law was violated in connection with a murder, then the murder can be prosecuted by a federal court. This is called "piggyback jurisdiction". In the United States there is no statute of limitations on the crime of murder. But most other federal laws have a five-year statute of limitations. An exception is for cases of terrorism where the statute of limitations is eight years. Or if explosives or arson were involved, the statute of limitations is ten years.


title: Bokhara River

paragraphs: The Bokhara River is a watercourse in the South Downs region of Queensland. The river flows downstream into the northwestern slopes of New South Wales, Australia. The Bokhara River flows past the towns of Hebel and Goodooga.


title: Diamantina River

paragraphs: The Diamantina River is in Central West Queensland, Australia. The river was named by William Landsborough in 1866. He named the river after Lady Diamantina Bowen (née Roma). She was the wife of Sir George Ferguson Bowen. He was the first Governor of Queensland. The river has three major tributaries. They are the Western River, the Mayne River, and Farrars Creek.


title: George Ferguson Bowen

paragraphs: Sir George Ferguson Bowen (2 November 1821 – 21 February 1899) was born in Ireland. He was the first governor of Queensland, Australia. Bowen was also an author. He wrote a few books.


title: Grapheme

paragraphs: A grapheme is a written mark which corresponds to a spoken sound, or a bit of written language (orthography). It roughly corresponds to a phoneme in speech.

paragraphs: Graphemes include alphabetic letters, typographic ligatures, Chinese characters, numerical digits, punctuation marks, and other individual symbols of any of the world's writing systems. The separate items on a keyboard all produce graphemes when writing in the appropriate software.

paragraphs: A grapheme may or may not carry meaning by itself, and may or may not correspond to a single phoneme.

paragraphs: A grapheme is an abstract concept. A glyph is a specific shape that represents that grapheme, in a specific typeface. For example, the abstract concept of "the Arabic numeral one" is a grapheme which has different glyphs in different typefaces.


title: Mumu

paragraphs: Mumu () is a Russian tale. It was published in 1852 by Ivan Turgenev in the political magazine: "Sovremennik".

paragraphs: The story is about the relationship between Gerasim - a deaf mute servant - and his dog. The story changes to an elderly widow-woman who is Gerasim's boss. The woman shows her cruel side when she tells him to get rid of his pet.


title: Reality Bites

paragraphs: Reality Bites is a 1994 romantic comedy-drama movie set in Houston. This is about romance and the fear of AIDS and HIV. Janeane Garofalo plays Vickie Miner. Swoosie Kurtz plays Charlane McGregor. Winona Ryder plays Lelaina.

paragraphs: This movie was released on February 18, 1994. The movie got mixed review from critics. The box office was positive. Lisa Loeb performed "Stay" on the soundtrack of the movie.


title: The Odd Life of Timothy Green

paragraphs: The Odd Life of Timothy Green is a 2012 American fantasy comedy-drama movie set in North Carolina. It was directed by Peter Hedges and was produced by Scott Sanders, James Whitaker, and Ahmet Zappa. "The Odd Life of Timothy Green" was released on August 15, 2012.

paragraphs: The movie gained mixed to negative reception reviews from critics and holds a 33% rating on Rotten Tomatoes. Adams was awarded the Young Artist Award for Best Leading Young Actor Age Ten and Under for his role as Timothy Green.


title: Natural Born Killers

paragraphs: Natural Born Killers is a 1994 American crime drama movie directed by Oliver Stone. It is about a couple in love who perform murder across the southwestern United States. Mickey Knox is played by Woody Harrelson. Mallory Knox is played by Juliette Lewis. Ed Wilson is played by Rodney Dangerfield. Tommy Lee Jones also acts in the movie.

paragraphs: This movie was released on August 26, 1994. It was threatened with an NC-17 rating by the MPAA. It was then edited downward to R-rating level.

paragraphs: The movie received mixed reviews from the critics.


title: The Outsiders (movie)

paragraphs: The Outsiders is a 1983 crime and drama movie. It is set in 1965, Tulsa, Oklahoma. It is about tough low-income working class teenagers. Sherri Valance is played by Diane Lane. Matt Dillon plays Dallas Winston. Emilio Estevez plays Keith Matthews. Patrick Swayze plays Darrel Curtis. Tom Cruise plays Steve Randle. Rob Lowe plays Soda Curtis.

paragraphs: The movie is based on the 1967 novel of the same name. It was released on March 25, 1983. Its rating was changed to PG-13.

paragraphs: The reviews of the movie were mostly positive.


title: Before I Go to Sleep

paragraphs: Before I Go to Sleep is an British-American mystery drama thriller movie. It was written and directed by Rowan Joffé. It was released in the United Kingdom on 5 September 2014. It was later released in the United States on 31 October 2014. The movie was an adaptation of S. J. Watson's 2011 novel of the same name. The movie stars Nicole Kidman, Mark Strong, Colin Firth, and Anne-Marie Duff.

paragraphs: Forty-year old Christine Lucas (Nicole Kidman) wakes up with a man whom she doesn't know. The man calls himself Ben (Colin Firth), her husband. Ben shows her pictures of what her life once was. He tells her that she was involved in an accident ten years ago. This, he explains, has left her brain damage. This affects her memory in which she constantly wakes up not knowing anything of the day. Ben tells her that she's been like this since the accident. Ben leaves the house for work. While Christine looks around the house, a neurologist named Dr. Nasch calls the house. He informs her that she has been in treatment with him for the past few years. He tells her to locate a video camera which is hidden inside her closet. He tells her to watch the videos and to call him back. Christine watches a video diary of herself, which she is unfamiliar with. Dr. Nasch tells Christine to not inform Ben of the camera. Dr. Nasch also tells her that she lost her memory after she was attacked and left for dead at a nearby airport hotel. Christine wonders why Ben lied to her about the accident. Dr. Nasch tells her that it may be Ben's way of accepting her current condition.

paragraphs: Over time, Christine remembers a woman named Claire. Ben tells her that Claire was her best friend. Claire could not handle Christine's condition and ended contact with her. Later, Christine remembers that she had a son. Christine confronts Ben on why he would hide her son from her. Ben tells her that their son died on meningitis when he was eight. Christine remembers the name "Mike". She believes he was the attacker. She tells Dr. Nasch of the name. Christine then see's Dr. Nasch's name tag. It reads Mike. Christine opens the door of the car and tries to runaway. Dr. Nasch then injects her with a drug that calms her down. The next day she remembers nothing.

paragraphs: Christine learns that Ben had placed her in an assisted care home. She also learns that they have been divorced for several years. Christine also learns that Claire had been trying to contact her. She was unaware that Ben took her away. Christine is given Claire's phone number. They agreed to meet at a local park. Claire reveals that she had a one-time sexual affair with Ben. This happened before Christine's attack. Christine is angry at this and leaves Claire at the park. Christine believes that Ben still loves her. She records her feelings about Ben to remind herself that Ben is a great ex-husband. Later that night, Christine decides to let Ben see the video she made. Christine tells her how much she cares and loves him. Ben, upset, slaps Christine in the face. Ben leaves Christine on the floor as he leaves.

paragraphs: Christine calls Claire of what Ben had done. Claire tells her that she will call Ben. She tells her that she will find out way he has done this. Claire calls Christine back. She tells her that Ben have not seen her for several years. Claire asks Christine to describe the "Ben" she is living with. They both realize that he is not "Ben". Christine attempts to escape the house. "Ben" knocks Christine unconscious. The next morning, Christine awakens with no memories.

paragraphs: That night, "Ben" takes her to a hotel. The hotel is close to where she had been found. He reveals that he is Mike. The man she had an affair with. He tells her that he wanted Christine to tell Ben about them. He tells her that she didn't want to do that. Upset, he attacked her which resulted in her amnesia. He also reveals that Christine's son Adam is still alive. He then deletes all the videos Christine had recorded. He tells her that he is no longer wanting to play the part of Ben. He declares his love for her. He demands that Christine leaves with him. Another struggle occurs. However, Christine knocks Mike out and gets away. Christine wakes up in a hospital bed. She is visited by Dr. Nasch. He tells her the man responsible for her condition has been arrested. Christine is then visited by the real Ben, as well as their son Adam, now a teenager.


title: Lawrence Kasdan

paragraphs: Lawrence Kasdan (born January 14, 1949) is an American screenwriter, movie producer and director. He directed "Return of the Jedi" and "The Empire Strikes Back".


title: Kazaam

paragraphs: Kazaam is a 1996 American fantasy family musical comedy movie. It was directed by Paul M. Glaser and was produced by Paul M. Glaser and Shaquille O'Neal. "Kazaam" was released on July 17, 1996. The movie is about Kazaam, a 5,000 year-old genie who appears from a magic boombox to grant three wishes to a boy.

paragraphs: The movie gained extremely negative reviews from critics and holds a 6% rating on Rotten Tomatoes. The movie was also a box office bomb and was only able to make back $19 million of its $20 million budget.


title: Bloxwich

paragraphs: Bloxwich is a village and civil parish in the Metropolitan Borough of Walsall.

paragraphs: There are several schools in the Bloxwich area. One is Lower Farm Primary School.


title: Brad Halsey

paragraphs: Bradford Alexander Halsey (February 14, 1981 – October 31, 2014) was am American Major League Baseball pitcher. He played for the New York Yankees, Arizona Diamondbacks and Oakland Athletics.

paragraphs: Halsey died on October 31, 2014, near his home in New Braunfels, Texas, at the age of 33. According to the local judge who ordered the autopsy, Halsey's fatal injuries were caused by either a jump or a fall from a 100-foot cliff on private property. His body was discovered below, on a small road going up to the cliff.


title: Richard Schaal

paragraphs: Richard Schaal (; May 7, 1928 – November 4, 2014) was an American movie and television actor from Chicago, Illinois.

paragraphs: He was married to actress Valerie Harper from 1964 to 1978. His daughter is actress Wendy Schaal by his first marriage to Lois ("née" Treacy).

paragraphs: In 1962, he joined Chicago's Second City. He became skilled in sketch and improvisational comedy. He had a recurring role in "Just Our Luck". He was featured in several episodes of "The Mary Tyler Moore Show", "The Bob Newhart Show", "Rhoda" and "Phyllis".

paragraphs: Schaal died on November 4, 2014, in Woodland Hills, Los Angeles, California. He was 86.


title: Lane Evans

paragraphs: Lane Allen Evans (August 4, 1951 – November 5, 2014) was a Democratic member of the United States House of Representatives from 1983 until 2007, representing the 17th District of Illinois.

paragraphs: Evans announced that he would not seek reelection in November 2006 and retired at the end of the 109th Congress due to his bad health.

paragraphs: On November 6, 2014, Evans died at the age of 63 in a nursing home in East Moline, Illinois, of Parkinson's disease, aged 63.


title: Manitas de Plata

paragraphs: Manitas de Plata (born Ricardo Baliardo; 7 August 1921 – 5 November 2014) was a French Gitano flamenco guitarist. He had toured the whole world since 1967, and recorded discs. He played with the dancer Nina Corti. In 1968 he played at the Royal Variety Performance in London.


title: Pearl Harbor (movie)

paragraphs: Pearl Harbor is a 2001 American epic war movie. The movie also has romance and action elements in it. It was directed by Michael Bay and was produced by Michael Bay and Jerry Bruckheimer. "Pearl Harbor" was released on May 25, 2001. The movie is based on the attack on Pearl Harbor.

paragraphs: The movie gained negative reviews from critics and holds a 25% rating on Rotten Tomatoes. Even though the movie received negative reviews, it was a major box office success and earned almost $450 million worldwide. The movie was nominated for four Academy Awards and won one for Best Sound Editing.

paragraphs: Many Pearl Harbor survivors did not like the movie. They called it grossly inaccurate and pure Hollywood. In an interview, producer Jerry Bruckheimer was quoted saying, "We tried to be accurate, but it's certainly not meant to be a history lesson".


title: Bootlegs & B-Sides

paragraphs: Bootlegs & B-Sides is a 1994 compilation studio album by Ice Cube. This album has remixes and b-sides for certain songs, including "Check Yo Self" and "What Can I Do". Other songs on the album are from his album "Lethal Injection".

paragraphs: This album was released on November 22, 1994. Many song versions were later included on remastered and proper Ice Cube records.


title: The Hotwives of Orlando

paragraphs: The Hotwives of Orlando is an American sitcom. It premiered on July 15, 2014. It was made available only for Hulu. The show was developed by Paramount Digital Entertainment. It is a parody of "The Real Housewives" comedy series on Bravo. The show has only one season so far. The show is about several fictional women who live in Orlando, Florida.

paragraphs: The first season focuses on Tawny St. John (portrayed by Casey Wilson), Shauna Maducci (Danielle Schneider), Phe Phe Reed (Tymberlee Hill), Veronica Von Vandervon (Andrea Savage), Crystal Simmons (Angela Kinsey), and Amanda Simmons (Kristen Schaal).

paragraphs: Other guest appearances in the first season include "Weird Al" Yankovic, Kate Walsh, Rich Fulcher, Melissa Rauch, Kulap Vilaysack, Lauren Lapkus, and Horatio Sanz.


title: Hulu

paragraphs: Hulu is an American online company. It provides a selection of TV shows, clips, movies, and more. It also supports advertisements in their online video service.

paragraphs: Hulu videos are available only to users in the United States. Hulu is a joint venture of NBCUniversal Television Group (Comcast), Fox Broadcasting Company (21st Century Fox) and Disney–ABC Television Group (The Walt Disney Company).

paragraphs: Hulu provides original shows. These includes "The Hotwives of Orlando", "The Morning After", "Battleground", "The Fashion Fund", among others.

paragraphs: Hulu Plus is a paid subscription service. Subscribers can access episodes from ABC, Fox, NBC, and the CW the day after they air. Subscribers can access these episodes on internet-connected TVs, smartphones, game consoles, set-top boxes, and more.


title: No Vaseline

paragraphs: "No Vaseline" is a 1991 rap song from Ice Cube. The single is about fights in N.W.A. Ice Cube fights back toward N.W.A members.

paragraphs: The song was released on October 29, 1991. Not long after the release, Dr. Dre left his group because he was not getting money.


title: Kmart

paragraphs: Kmart (sometimes stylized as K-Mart) is an American company. Its headquarters are in Illinois. The company purchased Sears in 2005. It formed a new corporation under the name Sears Holdings Corporation.

paragraphs: The company was founded in 1962. It is the third largest discount store in the world, behind Walmart and Target. Kmart has stores in the United States, Puerto Rico, the U.S. Virgin Islands, and Guam. There were stores in Canada, Mexico, and Eastern Europe. , there are 1,077 Kmart stores.

paragraphs: Kmart is known for its "Blue Light Specials". The phrase "attention Kmart shoppers" has been used in pop culture. Many movies were filmed at Kmart stores. These includes "Troop Beverly Hills", "Six Days Seven Nights", "Rain Man", "Beetlejuice", "Madea Goes to Jail" and "Dawn of the Dead".


title: The Dog Who Saved Easter

paragraphs: The Dog Who Saved Easter is an American family romantic comedy movie. It was released on March 18, 2014. The movie is a direct-to-video production. It was directed by Sean Olson. The movie is the second movie to feature Zeus the dog. The first movie is called "The Dog Who Saved Christmas Vacation" (2010).


title: The Wedding Ringer

paragraphs: The Wedding Ringer (formerly known as The Golden Tux) is an upcoming comedy movie. It was written and produced by Jeremy Garelick. The movie was distributed by Screen Gems. The movie stars Kevin Hart, Josh Gad, Kaley Cuoco-Sweeting and Olivia Thirlby. It is scheduled to be released on January 16, 2015.

paragraphs: Jimmy (Kevin Hart) owns a wedding company. He provides best man services to socially awkward guys who don't have anyone close enough to be their best man. Doug (Josh Gad) is a groom-to-be. He finds himself without a best man. He turns to Jimmy for help.


title: Woods of Ypres

paragraphs: Woods of Ypres were a Canadian blackened doom metal band from Ontario.

paragraphs: Woods of Ypres was formed in Windsor, Ontario in 2002 by David Gold, Aaron Palmer, and Brian McManus.

paragraphs: The band released their first EP, "", in October 2002. In December, the band would move to Toronto to work on their first full-length album. Through Gold's record label, Krankenhaus Records, the band released their first full-length album, "Pursuit of the Sun & Allure of the Earth" on August 14, 2004. Their third album, "", was released on January 5, 2008.

paragraphs: After Gold returned from a work stint in South Korea, he moved the band to his hometown of Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario in 2008. They then began working on their fourth album, "" the next year. The album was released on November 13th, 2009. On October 18, 2010, the band signed with Earache Records. "Woods IV: The Green Album" was reissued through Earache Records in March 2011 .

paragraphs: On June 9, 2011, the band played their last concert in Richmond, Virginia. On December 21, 2011, frontman David Gold was involved in a car accident near Barrie, Ontario and died. The band would release their fifth and last studio album, "" on February 27, 2012 in Europe and on April 16, 2012 in North America. On April 20, 2013, the band won a Juno Award for Metal/Hard Music Album of the Year for "Woods 5: Grey Skies & Electric Light".


title: Lila & Eve

paragraphs: Lila & Eve is an American drama movie. It was directed by Charles Stone III. It was written by Pat Gilfillan. The movie stars Jennifer Lopez and Viola Davis.

paragraphs: After her son was killed, Lila joins a support group. Lila meets Eve. She finds out that Eve's daughter died. The police is not helping Lila enough. Eve tells Lila to find the killers herself.


title: Fitzgerald River

paragraphs: The Fitzgerald River is in Western Australia. The river was explored by John Septimus Roe in 1848. Roe named the river after Charles Fitzgerald. Fitzgerald was the governor of Western Australia.

paragraphs: The river rises near the Lake Magenta Nature Reserve. It is 300 m above sea level. The river flows south through farmland to the Fitzgerald River National Park. The tributaries of the river are the Sussetta River, Jacup Creek, Tertup Creek, Tooartup Creek, and Martin Creek.


title: Ilya Salmanzadeh

paragraphs: Ilya Salmanzadeh (born 19 September 1986), known simply as Ilya, is a Swedish songwriter and music producer. Raised in Stockholm, he became known for writing and producing Ariana Grande's song, "Problem", with Max Martin. He has also worked on other songs with singers including Jennifer Lopez, Cher Lloyd and Jessie J.


title: John Septimus Roe

paragraphs: John Septimus Roe (8 May 1797–28 May 1878) was a naval officer, explorer, and surveyor. He was the first Surveyor-General of Western Australia. He explored the Fitzgerald River in 1848 during an expedition.


title: Jeremy Dale

paragraphs: Jeremy Dale (c. 1980 – November 4, 2014) was an American comic book artist. He was best known for his work on "". He also worked on the 2008 Harvey Award-winning "Popgun v.1" from Image Comics. He worked mostly as a penciller and inker.

paragraphs: Dale was born in 1980 in Indiana. He was married to Kelly and lived in Atlanta, Georgia.

paragraphs: Dale, who had been hospitalized, died on November 4, 2014 at the age of 34.


title: Pinax

paragraphs: A pinax (plural: "pinakes") was a tablet or board In ancient Greece and Rome.

paragraphs: It was used for writing, or for other purposes. These tablets were usually made of wood, terracotta, marble or bronze. Painted pinakes were given to the gods, or fixed on tombs. In common usage, a pinax was a wax-covered writing tablet. They were used from the 8th to the 6th century BC.

paragraphs: In Book 10 of his work "De Architectura", Vitruvius describes a hydraulic organ, in Chapter 8, section 3, he writes:

paragraphs: "In each channel are fixed stops, that are connected with iron finger-boards; on pressing down which, the communication between the chest and the channels is opened. Along the channels is a range of holes corresponding with others on an upper table, called πίναξ ("pinax") in Greek".


title: Joni Ernst

paragraphs: Joni Kay Ernst (née Culver; born July 1, 1970) is an American politician. She has been Iowa's U.S. Senator since 2015. She is a Republican. Prior to being a U.S. Senator, she was an Iowa state senator.

paragraphs: On November 4, 2014, she was elected to the United States Senate. Ernst is the first woman to represent Iowa in the United States Congress.


title: Deuce Bigalow: Male Gigolo

paragraphs: Deuce Bigalow: Male Gigolo is a 1999 American sex comedy movie. It was the first movie directed by Mike Mitchell. The movie was produced by Sid Ganis and Barry Bernandi. "Deuce Bigalow: Male Gigolo" was released on December 10, 1999. It was the first movie to be released by "Happy Madison Productions". The movie is about an unlucky fishtank cleaner who goes into business as a male prostitute in an attempt to earn enough money to repair the damage that he caused while he was house-sitting.

paragraphs: The movie gained negative reviews from critics and holds a 23% rating on Rotten Tomatoes. A sequel titled "" was released on August 12, 2005.


title: The Animal

paragraphs: The Animal is a 2001 American comedy movie. It was the first movie directed by Luke Greenfield. The movie was produced by Barry Bernardi, Carr D'Angelo, and Todd Garner. "The Animal" was released on June 1, 2001. The movie is about a man named Marvin Mange who is critically injured and is put back together by a mad scientist who transplants animal parts, which results in strange changes to his behavior.

paragraphs: The movie gained negative reviews from critics and holds a 30% rating on Rotten Tomatoes. Rob Schneider was nominated for a Razzie Award for Worst Actor of the Decade for his performance.


title: Amazon Echo

paragraphs: Amazon Echo is a voice command device. It is a product of Amazon.com. The product can play music and answers questions. It is a nine-inches-tall, cylinder-shaped device. It responds to the name "Alexa," though this can be changed to "Amazon" or "Echo."

paragraphs: Amazon Echo was released on November 6, 2014 through Amazon.com. Many critics gave it positive reviews. Gizmodo believed that Amazon Echo is "the most innovative device Amazon made in years." Many critics believe Amazon Echo is similar to Apple Inc.'s Siri, as well as Alphabet Inc.'s Google Home. Amazon Echo is the second device released by Amazon.com in 2014, after the Amazon Fire TV.


title: Arrondissements of the Nièvre department

paragraphs: There are 4 arrondissements in the Nièvre department. The French departments, and in other countries, are divided into "arrondissements", which may be translated into English as districts (in some cases, as boroughs). The capital of an arrondissement is called a subprefecture.

paragraphs: If the prefecture (capital) of the department is in an arrondissement, that prefecture is the capital of the arrondissement, acting both as a prefecture and as a subprefecture.

paragraphs: The arrondissements are further divided into cantons and communes.

paragraphs: The arrondissements of the Nièvre department are:

paragraphs: Since its creation, the Nièvre department has had few changes:


title: Arrondissement of Château-Chinon (Ville)

paragraphs: The arrondissement of Château-Chinon (Ville), or simply arrondissement of Château-Chinon, is an arrondissement of France. It is part of the Nièvre "département" in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comtéregion. Its capital is the city of Château-Chinon (Ville).

paragraphs: When the Nièvre department was created on 17 February 1800, the "arrondissement" of Château-Chinon (Ville) was part of that original department.

paragraphs: The "arrondissement" of Château-Chinon (Ville) is bordered to the north by the "arrondissement" of Clamecy, to the northeast by the Côte-d'Or (Burgundy) department, to the east and south by the Saône-et-Loire (Burgundy) department and to the west by the "arrondissement" of Nevers.

paragraphs: It is the westernmost of the "arrondissements" of the department, with an area of , the second largest in area of the department. It has 25,717 inhabitants and a population density of inhabitants/km².

paragraphs: After the reorganisation of the cantons in France, cantons are not subdivisions of the "arrondissements" so they could have "communes" that belong to different "arrondissements".

paragraphs: There are only three cantons in the arrondissement of Château-Chinon (Ville): they are:

paragraphs: The "arrondissement" of Château-Chinon (Ville) has 80 "communes"; they are (with their INSEE codes):

paragraphs: The "communes" with more inhabitants in the "arrondissement" are:


title: Arrondissement of Clamecy

paragraphs: The arrondissement of Clamecy is an arrondissement of France. It is part of the Nièvre "département" in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region. Its capital is the city of Clamecy.

paragraphs: When the Nièvre department was created on 17 February 1800, the "arrondissement" of Clamecy was part of that original department.

paragraphs: The "arrondissement" of Clamecy is bordered to the north and northeast by the Yonne (Burgundy) department, to the southeast by the "arrondissement" of Château-Chinon (Ville), to the southwest by the "arrondissement" of Nevers and to the west by the "arrondissement" of Cosne-Cours-sur-Loire.

paragraphs: It is found in the northern part of the department, with an area of . It has 24,993 inhabitants and a population density of inhabitants/km².

paragraphs: There are only 2 cantons in the "arrondissement" of Clamecy:

paragraphs: The "arrondissement" of Clamecy has 84 "communes"; they are (with their INSEE codes):


title: Riley Perrin

paragraphs: Riley Perrin is a fictional character. She is portrayed by Chelsea Kane. Riley is part of the main cast of ABC Family's show "Baby Daddy". Riley is Danny Wheeler's best friend. She also has a crush on his brother, Ben. Ben is unaware of her feelings. Ben's past sexual partner drops Emma in front of Ben's apartment. Riley helps Ben raise Emma. Ben's older brother Danny Wheeler, his mother Bonnie, and their friend Tucker Dobbs also helps.

paragraphs: Riley wants to become a lawyer. She fails the test three times. She finally past her test. Riley becomes a lawayer after Bonnie fakes a case against the law firm. The law firm believes that Riley is "too nice". Riley doesn't have any female friends. She likes to hang out with the guys, drink beer and watch ice hockey. She makes fun of "girly girls". When she was in high school, Riley hated anyone who went to prom.

paragraphs: She picked on Ben for being skinny in high school. Riley is overly competitive. She screams at Danny during his ice hockey games if he doesn't score. Riley is elected captain of Ben's softball team in the episode "Take Her Out of the Ballgame". The team tries to remove her as team captain. They do this after Riley becomes obsess of winning. Riley was named the maid of honor for her friend Katie's wedding. She becomes obsess of making the event the best wedding ever.

paragraphs: Riley sometimes doesn't want to be seen with Bonnie. This is because Bonnie is "embarrassing" to be around with. Riley and Bonnie are arrested in a shopping mall jail. They escape after Bonnie takes the keys from the officer she was flirting with. Riley's boss wants her to bring a female friend to a spa day. Riley doesn't want to bring Bonnie. She lies that the spa was burnt down. Bonnie finds out that she was lying. Riley instead takes Tucker's girlfriend Stephanie. Bonnie is upset of this decision. She calls Riley's boss about what happened. Riley's boss decides to bring Bonnie as her female friend to the spa.

paragraphs: In the first episode, Ben Wheeler finds out that he has a daughter. His last sexual partner, Angela, leaves Emma in front of Ben's apartment. Danny, who also lives with Ben and their friend Tucker, calls Riley over. Ben is surprise at Riley's new look. He last saw her when she was overweight and unattractive. Danny finds out that Riley has a crush on Ben. He uses this to keep her from leaving the apartment. Riley tells Danny that she should move on from Ben. She says this because he has a daughter now. Riley believes Ben can take care of Emma. Danny tells her that Ben signed the adoption papers. She believes he done this because no one believed he could do it. She tries to convince Danny and Tucker.

paragraphs: In the episode "I Told You So", Riley stands up for Ben. Ben's mother, Bonnie, believed that Ben made the wrong decision. She believes that Ben should have gave up Emma. Riley tries to convince Bonnie that Ben can do it. She tells her that Ben is staying home on a Friday night. She believes that men his age are out partying and drinking. Riley is jealous whenever Ben mentions a new woman he is interested in. In the episode "The Nurse and the Curse", Riley's nickname was "Fat pants". Many people called her this when she was overweight. When Ben's new girlfriend calls her "Fat pants", Riley wrestles her during Danny's ice hockey game. Riley is embarrassed of what she done. She tells Ben that she tries to hide that "side" of her.

paragraphs: Ben's brother, Danny Wheeler, has a crush on Riley. Riley is unaware. He tells his mother, Bonnie, that he has liked Riley since they were kids. He tells her that he loves her while on a fake date with Ben. Riley is glad that he had said this. She believed that Danny was trying to save her from making a wrong decision by going on a fake date with Ben which could leave her depressed. Danny doesn't know what to say and decides to keep his feelings to himself. Danny has mentioned his feelings about Riley only to his mother Bonnie and his friend Tucker. Danny accidentally leaves a voice message for Riley. In it, he tells her of the first time he fell in love with her. Danny, Bonnie, and Tucker follows Riley around town to delete the message on her phone. Bonnie drops her phone in water. Riley's new boyfriend Fitch fixes it for her. Riley listens to the message. She asks Danny if he has anything important to tell her. Riley goes back on a date with Fitch after Danny says no.

paragraphs: Ben finds out that Riley has a secret crush on him. They decide to give a relationship a try. However, Angela (Ben's baby mother), wants Ben back in her life. Angela ask Ben "if Riley wasn't your girlfriend, would you (Ben) and I (Angela) have a chance?". Ben says yes. Riley decides to end her relationship with Ben. Throughout season three, Ben tries to win over Riley. He believes that she is his soul mate (meant to be).


title: Trevor van Riemsdyk

paragraphs: Trevor van Riemsdyk (born July 24, 1991) is a American ice hockey defenseman. He currently plays for the Chicago Blackhawks of the National Hockey League (NHL).

paragraphs: Before playing in the NHL, van Riemsdyk played 29 games of high school hockey at the Christian Brothers Academy in Lincroft, New Jersey. He then played 2 years with New Hampshire Junior Monarchs of the Eastern Junior Hockey League (EJHL) and 3 years with the New Hampshire Wildcats. He was impressive enough in his sophomore year to be named to the 2012-13 All-Hockey East First Team.

paragraphs: On March 24, 2014, the Chicago Blackhawks signed van Riemsdyk to a two-year entry-level deal. On October 9, 2014, he made his NHL debut in a 3–2 shootout win against the Dallas Stars.

paragraphs: His brother James van Riemsdyk also plays in the NHL for the Toronto Maple Leafs.


title: Arrondissement of Cosne-Cours-sur-Loire

paragraphs: The arrondissement of Cosne-Cours-sur-Loire is an arrondissement of France. It is part of the Nièvre "département" in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region. Its capital is the city of Cosne-Cours-sur-Loire.

paragraphs: When the Nièvre department was created on 17 February 1800, the "arrondissement" of Cosne-Cours-sur-Loire was part of that original department, with the original name of "Cosne". In 1952, the name was changed to "Cosne-sur-Loire", and in 1973, after the "commune" "Cours" was joined to the "commune" Cosne-sur-Loire, the name was changed to the present name.

paragraphs: The "arrondissement" of Cosne-Cours-sur-Loire is bordered to the north by the Yonne (Burgundy) department, to the east by the "arrondissement" of Clamecy, to the south by the "arrondissement" of Nevers and to the west by the Cher (Centre-Val de Loire) department.

paragraphs: It is the westernmost of the "arrondissements" of the department, with an area of . It has 44,772 inhabitants and a population density of inhabitants/km².

paragraphs: After the reorganisation of the cantons in France, cantons are not subdivisions of the "arrondissements" so they could have "communes" that belong to different "arrondissements".

paragraphs: There are only 3 cantons in the "arrondissement" of Cosne-Cours-sur-Loire:

paragraphs: The "arrondissement" of Cosne-Cours-sur-Loire has 63 "communes"; they are (with their INSEE codes):

paragraphs: The "communes" with more inhabitants in the "arrondissement" are:


title: Arrondissement of Nevers

paragraphs: The arrondissement of Nevers is an arrondissement of France. It is part of the Nièvre "département" in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region. Its capital, and prefecture of the department, is the city of Nevers.

paragraphs: When the Nièvre department was created on 17 February 1800, the "arrondissement" of Nevers was part of that original department.

paragraphs: The "arrondissement" of Nevers is bordered to the north by the "arrondissement" of Cosne-Cours-sur-Loire, to the northeast by the "arrondissement" of Clamecy, to the east by the "arrondissement" of Château-Chinon (Ville), to the south by the Allier (Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes) department and to the west by the Cher (Centre-Val de Loire) department.

paragraphs: The "arrondissement" is in the southwestern part of the department, with an area of , the largest in area of the department. It has 118,087 inhabitants, the "arrondissement" of Nièvre with more people living there, and a population density of inhabitants/km².

paragraphs: The "arrondissement" of Nevers has 82 "communes"; they are (with their INSEE codes):


title: Nièvre (Loire)

paragraphs: The Nièvre is a small river in France, right tributary of the Loire river. It flows through the Nièvre department in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region.

paragraphs: Two "communes" of the Nièvre department have the name of the river in their names: Dompierre-sur-Nièvre and La Celle-sur-Nièvre.

paragraphs: The Nièvre river has a length of and a drainage basin with an area of .

paragraphs: Its average yearly discharge (volume of water which passes through a section of the river per unit of time) is 5.28 cubic metres per second at Uzy.

paragraphs: The source of the Nièvre is near the village "Bourras-la-Grange" in the Champlemy "commune", Nièvre department, at an altitude of about .

paragraphs: The Nièvre flows, in general, from the northeast to the southwest and passes through the following "cantons" and "communes", all in the Nièvre department:

paragraphs: Finally, it flows, as a right tributary into the Loire River in the centre of the city of Nevers, at of altitude.

paragraphs: The main tributaries of the Nièvre are (only right tributaries because the left tributaries are very short):

paragraphs: The Nièvre river flowing through downtown Nevers before joining the Loire river:


title: Tropic Thunder

paragraphs: Tropic Thunder is a 2008 American satirical action comedy movie. It is about actors making a fictional movie about the Vietnam War. Ben Stiller (who also directed) plays Tugg. Robert Downey, Jr. plays Kirk. Tom Cruise plays Les. Nick Nolte plays John.

paragraphs: This movie was released on August 13, 2008. It got positive reviews. It also made lots of money.


title: Werribee River

paragraphs: The Werribee River is a perennial river that flows across the volcanic plains west of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. One of the main rivers which flows into the Werribee River is the Lerderderg River. It begins in the hills near Ballan and flows for 110 kms before reaching Port Phillip Bay near the city of Werribee.

paragraphs: Much of the area along the river is protected by parks, including the Werribee Gorge State Park. The river also flows through the Werribee Open Range Zoo. The Werribee River Trail follows the river from Tarneit to Werribee.

paragraphs: The Werribee River flows into the Melton Reservoir. Water from the river is used to irrigate the market gardens of Bacchus Marsh and Werribee South. The Western Treatment Plant, the main sewerage treatment plant for Melbourne, is near the river mouth on the bay.

paragraphs: Before the arrival of white settlers, the Werribee River was the boundary of the Bunurong tribe. Its six clans lived along the Victorian coast across the Mornington Peninsula, Western Port Bay to Wilsons Promontory.

paragraphs: In the late 1830s and 1840s the Werribee River was the scene of fighting between the Wautharong people and the European settlers. The squatter Charles Franks and a shepherd were speared to death near Mount Cottrell in July 1836. Because of this, John Batman led a group of men to punish the aborigines. They found a large group of aborigines and shot them, killing at least ten. There are also reports of flour containing arsenic being given to local aborigines.

paragraphs: In 1851 a large timber bridge was built to cross the Werribee River to replace an earlier wooden bridge. In 1852 this bridge was washed away when the river flooded.

paragraphs: In August 2004 the Victorian Government promised $300,000 to fix the Werribee River. This involved removing willow trees which were choking the river around the township and replacing them with native plants.

paragraphs: The explorers Hume and Hovell camped by the river on 15 December 1824. They named it the "Arndell" after Hovell's father-in-law. John Helder Wedge 're-discovered' the river in 1835 and at first called it the "Peel", but then changed it to the "Ex" or "Exe". Exford, an early crossing place on the river, is based on this name. One of the local Wautharong speaking Kulin tribesman that accompanied Wedge said the name for the stream was 'Weariby Yallock' ('yallock' meaning 'stream'). The spelling changed to the present form of "Werribee. T"he original aboriginal word meant "spine" or "backbone".

paragraphs: There are many things to do along the river. A network of bike and walking trails along the river showcase the many different kinds of plants and animals that live along the river.

paragraphs: There are many fishing spots along the river. There are places to launch canoe and boats at the Werribee South Boat Ramp and Riverbend Historical Park.

paragraphs: Bird watching is also a popular activity. Care must be taken as there are Eastern Brown Snakes and other deadly fauna living near the river.


title: Tonic (music)

paragraphs: In music, the tonic note is the first note in a diatonic scale. It is the tonal centre, or the tone on which the music sounds finished. The triad, or chord, based on the tonic note, is the tonic chord. All other notes in a piece of music use the tonic note as a reference point. Musical scales are named after the tonic note. For example, the tonic of a scale of C, is the note C. The tonic is always numbered as one, or in traditional music theory as I (using Roman numerals).


title: Division of Pearce

paragraphs: The Division of Pearce is an Australian electoral division in the state of Western Australia. It covers the area north and east of Perth. It includes the towns of Gingin, Mundaring, Mount Helena, Chidlow, Northam, York, Yanchep, Brookton, Pingelly and Narrogin. It is named after Rt Hon Sir George Pearce, a founder of the Australian Labor Party in Western Australia, and the longest-serving member of the Australian Senate. It was set up for the 1990 federal election.

paragraphs: Fred Chaney had been a member of the Australian Senate, a cabinet minister in the Fraser government, and Deputy Leader of the Liberal Party. Judi Moylan was a minister in the Howard government.


title: THX

paragraphs: THX is the trade name of a high-fidelity sound reproduction standard. It was used for movie theaters, screening rooms, home theaters, computer speakers, gaming consoles, and car audio systems.

paragraphs: THX stands for "Tomlinson Holman's eXperiment". THX was developed by Tomlinson Holman at George Lucas's company Lucasfilm in 1982 to ensure that the soundtrack for the third "Star Wars" movie, "Return of the Jedi", would be accurately reproduced in the best venues.

paragraphs: The THX system is not a recording technology, and it does not specify a sound recording format. All sound formats, whether digital (Dolby Digital, SDDS) or analog (Dolby SR, Ultra-Stereo), can be "shown in THX." THX is mainly a quality assurance system. THX-certified theaters provide a high-quality, predictable playback environment to ensure that any movie soundtrack mixed in THX will sound as near as possible to the intentions of the mixing engineer. THX also provides certified theaters with a special crossover circuit whose use is part of the standard. Certification of an auditorium entails specific acoustic and other technical requirements; architectural requirements include a floating floor, baffled and acoustically treated walls, no parallel walls (to reduce standing waves), a perforated screen (to allow center channel continuity), and NC30 rating for background noise.

paragraphs: THX sets strict standards for high quality sound and images.

paragraphs: According to Tomlinson Holman, the inventor of the THX system, the name of the technology was deliberately chosen because it contained both a reference to his name, and to Lucas's early movie "THX 1138". The original name was "Tom Holman's Crossover" (Crossover being sometimes referred to as Xover) or the "Tom Holman eXperiment."

paragraphs: THX Ltd., the company that licenses THX and the associated technology, is based in San Rafael, California, but has offices in Burbank and Hollywood.

paragraphs: THX launched a certification program for HD video products to ensure HD projectors, LCDs, plasmas and DVRs meet high standards for quality. The TiVo Series3 HD DVR and a number of projectors from Runco and Vidikron became the first THX Certified HD products.

paragraphs: The THX II Certified Car Audio System can be found in many Lincoln automobiles produced since 2003. The system was recently recognized among the Best Car Audio Systems of 2006 by the editors of CNET.

paragraphs: THX Ltd. started a licensing program for home screening rooms in 2005, which requires standards similar in concept, though not in detail, to its cinema certification program; before this happened, there was a very small number of (very expensive) home theatres which were actually constructed to THX Cinema standards, most notable of actor and comedian Eddie Murphy.

paragraphs: The world's largest THX cinema is the Colosseum Kino in Oslo, Norway.

paragraphs: The distinctive crescendo used in the THX trailers is known as the "Deep Note."

paragraphs: The character in the THX trailers is called "Tex" and was created by John Lasseter at Pixar.

paragraphs: The THX trailer entitled "Cimarron", which first appeared at the start of the 1988 movie "Willow", used music composed by James Horner, while "Grand", which first appeared in theaters, featured a variation of the "Deep Note".

paragraphs: The THX Broadway logo on a DVD has a lower-pitched deep note, while the VHS/Laserdisc logo had a higher-pitched deep-note that was similar to "Wings" (1983).

paragraphs: The first theater THX was used in was at the University of Southern California's Eileen Norris Cinema Theatre as a part of USC's acclaimed film school. The Norris Theatre's THX system is currently second-best in California to that of the Grauman's Chinese Theatre.

paragraphs: Some trailers have references to, or are stylized to match, various movies. Examples include: