title: British Rail Class 317

paragraphs: The British Rail Class 317 electric multiple units were built by BREL at York Works in two batches, from 1981-82 and 1985-87. They were the first of several classes of British Rail EMU to be based on the all-steel Mark 3 bodyshell, departing from the "PEP"-aluminium design which had spawned the earlier Class 313 to Class 315. The Mark 3 bodyshell was also the basis of Class 318, Class 455, and the diesel "sprinters" pioneered by the Class 150.


title: Nehebkau

paragraphs: In Egyptian mythology, Nehebkau (also spelled Nehebu-Kau, and Neheb Ka) guarded the entrance to Duat, the Egyptian underworld. He was made up of Ka and Ba, the two parts of the soul. He is pictured as a snake with two heads. Atum was said to have to keep his finger on Nehebkau to keep him from being out of control. Since he was a snake, he was believed to heal those bitten by snakes and/or scorpions.


title: British Rail Class 318

paragraphs: The British Rail Class 318 is an electric multiple unit (EMU) train, which operates exclusively in the Strathclyde Partnership for Transport network in West Central Scotland. The units were introduced fully on 29 September 1986 as part of the electrification of the Ayrshire Coast Line between Glasgow Central and Ayr/Ardrossan with alternating current (AC) overhead lines. Usage was extended to Largs in January 1987. They were also used on the Inverclyde Line in small numbers and on rare occasions the Cathcart Circle Lines (including to Neilston and Newton).


title: Ka

paragraphs: Ka is one of the five parts of the Egyptian idea of the soul. The Ka was the life force and left the body during death. Ka was believed to be in food and drink and was placed with the dead for offerings. The Egyptians believed that at death the Ba and the Ka join together through Nehebkau before entering Duat.


title: British Rail Class 319

paragraphs: e British Rail Class 319 dual-voltage electric multiple units (EMU) were built by BREL York in two batches from 1987–88 and 1990. The trains were introduced for new north-south cross-London services from Bedford to Brighton, and since privatisation these services have been operated by Thameslink and First Capital Connect, the former franchise having been merged with the Great Northern section of the former WAGN franchise to form the latter train operating company at 0200 BST on 1 April 2006 as a result of re-franchising. Class 319 units have dual power pick-up, from either 25 kV alternating current (AC) overhead lines for services north of London, or 750 V direct current (DC) third rail to the south. However, some units were only used on outer suburban services in South London. The Class 325 postal units were based on the Class 319 units, with the same traction equipment and body design, but are fitted with cabs of the same design as the newer Class 365 and Class 465

paragraphs: Since delivery of new rolling stock for Thameslink services bstarted in 2015, a number of Class 319 units have been redeployed for use on other operators' services, including in the North West of England. In 2017, the last Thameslink units were withdrawn and were replaced by Class 700s.


title: British Rail Class 320

paragraphs: The British Rail Class 320 is an alternating current (AC) electric multiple unit (EMU) train found on the Strathclyde Partnership for Transport (SPT) rail network in Central Scotland, and is used exclusively on the North Clyde Line between Helensburgh and Airdrie, North Lanarkshire via Glasgow Queen Street railway station.

paragraphs: What with the introduction of the class 380 dsiros for the Inverclyde line, the class 334s will be put to service on the Airdrie to Bathgate route, the class 320s will be split between the cathcart circle lines and the Argyll line, 14 of the 1990 built EMUs will be put to work on the Glasgow - Newton, Neilston and Cathcart Circle lines, while the remaining units shall work alongside the class 318s on the North Clyde/Argyll lines. This can not happen without, the class 320s bogies being upgraded, currently, they have a 75 mph top speed, in November 2010 the class will be driven under their own power to WABTEC Doncaster by GBRF drivers where they will be given a full refurbishment scheme which shall include new seats, toilets fitted, painting into the new scotrail saltire livery and their top speed raised to 90 mph.


title: Ba

paragraphs: Ba is one of the five parts of the spirit in Egyptian mythology. Ba is considered to be the soul. Ba is believed to have a unique personality based on the person who has it. The Ba was pictured as a bird that flew from the body to join with the Ka at death. A Ba was said to return to the sarcophagus if it was properly stored. In some stories, Bas sometimes act as guardians in the underworld.


title: British Rail Class 321

paragraphs: The British Rail Class 321 alternating current (AC) electric multiple units (EMU) were built by BREL York in three batches from 1986-1989. The design was very successful and led to the development of the similar Class 320 and Class 322 units for use by Strathclyde PTE and Stansted Express (now used by First ScotRail) respectively. The bodyshell design was also used for construction of the Class 456 direct current (DC) units. The Class 321s were nicknamed 'Dusty Bins', due to the class number sharing the same name as the game show 3-2-1. (This name has also been given to the diesel multiple unit (DMU) Class 153 no. 153321 for the same reason).

paragraphs: Class 321s were originally built for the Bedford services. However, in 1990, they started being used on Great Eastern Main Line services to Southend Victoria, Braintree and Clacton, to replace the class 302 and 305 EMUs, many of which were approaching 50 years old. Some 321s (many of the 3214s) were sent to work inter-regional services for Silverlink, and then briefly for London Midland, primarily on Euston to Northampton/Milton Keynes/Tring services.


title: High-speed rail

paragraphs: High-speed rail is a type of passenger rail transport that operates significantly faster than the normal rail traffic. Early Shinkansen trains had a top speed of 200km/h. Various definitions are used in different contries.

paragraphs: According to the European Union, high-speed trains must run at least 200km/h (125 mph) on existing lines, and at least on newly built ones.

paragraphs: According to the United States Federal Railroad Administration, they should go above 90 mph (145 km/h) but there is no single standard, and lower speeds can be required by local constraints.

paragraphs: As of 2020, speeds of 300 to 350 km/h are common in regular operation.


title: InterCity 125

paragraphs: The InterCity 125 was the brand name of British Rail's High Speed Train (HST) fleet. The InterCity 125 train is made up of two locomotives, one at each end of a fixed formation of carriages, and is capable of 125 mph in regular service. British Rail initially used the fleet on the Great Western Main Line, on the East Coast Main Line, on the Cross Country Route and latterly on the Midland Main Line, serving destinations such as London, Bristol, Edinburgh, as far south as Penzance and as far north as Aberdeen and Inverness. The InterCity 125 took the world record for the fastest diesel-powered train, when it was recorded at an absolute maximum speed of during 1987. From 2017, some will be replaced by the British Rail Class 800.


title: Ancient Egyptian concept of the soul

paragraphs: The ancient Egyptians believed the soul was divided into five parts Ren, Ba, Ka, Sheut, and Ib.

paragraphs: The Egyptians believed the heart held the emotions and thoughts. Believed to be weighed on the scales of Anubis by the feather of Maat. The Ib decided what your fate would be after death.

paragraphs: Believed to be the shadow of the person. The Sheut was the essence of the person and the person could not exist with them nor could a person exist without their shadow.

paragraphs: Given at birth. A person was believed to live as long as their name lasted. Egyptians often went to great lengths to keep their names talked about and had them carved into monuments and surrounded by cartouche (magical rope).

paragraphs: Ba is considered the spirit. Ba is believed to have a unique personality based on the person who has it. The Ba was shown as a bird that flew from the body to unite with the Ka at death.

paragraphs: One of the five parts of the Egyptian idea of the soul. The Ka was thought of as the life force and left the body during death. Ka was believed to be in food and drink and was placed with the dead for offerings. Egyptian Mythology believes that at death the Ba and the Ka unite through Nehebkau before entering Duat.


title: Purple Mountain Observatory

paragraphs: Purple Mountain Observatory is an observatory that uses telescopes to look at the stars for new objects in space. It can be found on Purple Mountain in Nanjing, China.

paragraphs: Many asteroids were found at the observatory. Among the asteroids found are the Trojan asteroids 2223 Sarpedon, 2260 Neoptolemus, 2363 Cebriones, 2456 Palamedes, and 3494 Purple Mountain.


title: Anti-nuclear movement in California

paragraphs: The 1970s proved to be a pivotal period for the anti-nuclear movement in California. There was confrontation between nuclear power advocates and environmentalists. In 1981, 1,900 activists were arrested during protests at Diablo Canyon Power Plant. In 1984, the Davis City Council declared the city to be a nuclear free zone. California has banned the approval of new nuclear reactors since the late 1970s because of concerns over waste disposal.

paragraphs: The start of the anti-nuclear movement in California was the controversy over Pacific Gas & Electric's attempt to build the nation's first nuclear power plant in Bodega Bay. This conflict began in 1958 and ended in 1964, with the forced abandonment of these plans. Subsequent plans to build a nuclear power plant in Malibu were also abandoned.

paragraphs: The anti-nuclear movement grew in California between 1964 and 1974. It was during this period that some scientists and engineers began supporting the positions of the activists. They were influenced by the non-material philosophy that had inspired activists and had impacted the public consciousness. While Californian voters failed to pass a 1972 proposal placing a 5-year moratorium on nuclear plant construction, anti-nuclear groups campaigned to stop construction of several proposed plants in the seventies, especially those located on the coast and near fault lines. These proposals included the Sundesert Nuclear Power Plant, which was never built.

paragraphs: Over a two-week period in 1981, 1,900 activists were arrested at Diablo Canyon Power Plant. It was the largest arrest in the history of the U.S. anti-nuclear movement.

paragraphs: In this period there were controversies within the Sierra Club about how to lead the anti-nuclear movement, and this led to a split over the Diablo Canyon plant which ended in success for the utilities. The split led to the formation of Friends of the Earth, led by David Brower.

paragraphs: In 1979, Abalone Alliance members held a 38-day sit-in in the Californian Governor Jerry Brown's office to protest continued operation of Rancho Seco Nuclear Generating Station, which was a duplicate of the Three Mile Island facility. In 1989, Sacremento voters voted to shut down the Rancho Seco power plant.

paragraphs: On November 14th 1984 the Davis, California City Council declared the city to be a nuclear free zone. Another well-known nuclear-free community is Berkeley, California, whose citizens passed the Nuclear Free Berkeley Act in 1986 which allows the city to levy fines for nuclear weapons-related activity and to boycott companies involved in the United States nuclear infrastructure.


title: British Rail Class 322

paragraphs: The British Rail Class 322 electric multiple units were built by BREL between 1988-90. Five 4-car units were built for the dedicated Stansted Express service from London Liverpool Street to Stansted Airport. The units are now operated by First ScotRail, between Edinburgh Waverley and North Berwick.


title: British Rail Class 323

paragraphs: The British Rail Class 323 electric multiple units were built by Hunslet TPL from 1992-93. Forty-three 3-car units were built for inner-suburban services around Birmingham and Manchester. These trains were the last vehicles to be built by the struggling manufacturer Hunslet before it collapsed.


title: Wrightwood, California

paragraphs: Wrightwood is a census-designated place in San Bernardino County, California. About 3,800 people lived in Wrightwood as of the year 2002. Wrightwood has an area of 5.7 square miles.


title: Slash Records

paragraphs: Slash Records is a record label in Los Angeles. It started out producing local and punk rock bands. The label was sold to London Records in 1986.


title: John Macarthur (wool pioneer)

paragraphs: John Macarthur (1766 – 11 April 1834) was a soldier, business man, politician and the man who started the Australian wool industry. His farmhouse, called Elizabeth Farm after his wife, is still standing in Parramatta, New South Wales, where it is open to the public as a historic house.


title: Lachlan Macquarie

paragraphs: Major-General Lachlan Macquarie CB (31 January 1762 – 1 July 1824) was a British military officer and the fifth Governor of New South Wales from 1810 to 1821. He had a leading role in the social, economic and architectural development of Australia. Historians say he changed New South Wales from a penal colony to a free settlement. This was very important in making the future of Australian society.

paragraphs: Macquarie was born on the island of Ulva, in the Inner Hebrides, Scotland. His father had a small farm at Oskamull on Mull. Macquarie's brother Donald, died as a prisoner of war during the American Revolution. Macquarie joined the army, the Royal Highland Emigrants. He was sent to Nova Scotia in 1776, and later served at New York and Charleston. In 1781 he became a Lieutenant and went to Jamaica for three years. He went back to Scotland, for a few years on half pay. He then joined the 77th Regiment and went to India.

paragraphs: Macquarie was able to advance in rank a number of times which helped him pay off his debts. In 1793 he married Jane Jarvis. She was the daughter of the former Chief Justice of Antigua, who was living in Bombay. In 1795 Macquarie fought the Dutch on Ceylon. In 1796 he became the Governor of Ceylon. He had go back to his wife who was ill. She died from tuberculosis at Macao, in China, on 15 July 1796. He brought her body back to India and she was buried in Bombay on 16 January 1797. He stayed in the army and fought at the Battle of Seringapatam. In 1800 he became the military secretary to the Governor of Bombay. In 1801, Macquarie went to Egypt to fight the French. Later, after the French were defeated, he became deputy adjutant general, in charge of the remaining British forces. He went back to Bombay in 1802. He then went to Scotland to sort out his business affairs.

paragraphs: Macquarie had become quite rich during his time in India, as was able to buy 10,000 acres on Mull. During his stay in England he was made the assistant adjutant general of London when war started again with the French. In 1804, he met Elizabeth Campbell who would later become his second wife. He served in Bombay again for several years, before going back to Britain in 1807 to join the 73rd Regiment. He married Elizabeth in Devon, before going to Perth. The 73rd Regiment was going to be posted to Australia to replace the New South Wales Corps, and Macquarie was told he would be the new Governor of New South Wales. He was to take over from William Bligh who had been removed from power during the Rum Rebellion. He arrived in December 1809, and took up his new job as governor on 1 January 1810.

paragraphs: He was ordered to arrest John Macarthur and George Johnston who were the leaders of the Rum Rebellion but they had already sailed to England before he got to Australia. There was a large increase in the number of convicts sent to Australia while Macquaire was governor. He used the extra convicts to build roads, building, and towns. He gave tickets of leave to well behaved convicts. This caused him problems with the free settlers, people who had not been convicts. They thought they should have special rights, and that the convicts should not be seen as their equals. They made many complaints about Macquarie's government back to their friends in England.

paragraphs: Clashes between the settlers and the Aborigines increased. Macquarie believed that the best way to treat Aboriginal people was to civilise them. That meant replacing their traditional way of life with European ways. He set up a school for children but most left or went back to their families after a short time. He tried to make a small town to teach the Aborigines how to farm and build houses. He made laws to place Aborigines under British control.

paragraphs: Macquarie resigned at the end of 1821 because of poor health and the difficulty of the job. He served longer than any other governor. When he left 265 major works had been completed, including new army barracks, three convict barracks, roads to Parramatta, a road across the Blue Mountains, stables, a hospital and five towns along the Hawkesbury River, which were out of reach of floodwaters.

paragraphs: In 1822 and 1823 Macquarie took his family on a holiday to France, Italy and Switzerland. In 1824 he went back to live in his house on Mull. In April 1824 he died in London from a bladder and kidney infection. His body was sent back to his home for burial. His grave is now looked after by the National Trust of Australia.


title: She Wants You

paragraphs: "She Wants You" is a single by English singer and actress Billie Piper. The single reached #3 in the UK becoming her third top three hit in a row.


title: Honey to the Bee

paragraphs: "Honey to the Bee" is a single by Billie Piper released in 1999. It got to #3 in the UK singles chart. In January 2007, the song was used by Radio 1 DJ Chris Moyles as part of an experiment to test out the new British singles chart rules that came into effect that month, which prompted the song to rise up the iTunes music charts, and reached number 17 in the singles chart on 21 January 2007 and number 11 in the download chart.


title: British Rail Class 325

paragraphs: The British Rail Class 325 is a dual-voltage alternating current (AC) electric multiple unit (EMU) train used for postal train services. Their cabs look similar to the Class 365 and Class 465 "Networker" units built around the same time. The Class 325 was British Rail's newest unit to take over parcels working on electrified lines.


title: British Rail Class 332

paragraphs: The British Rail Class 332 (originally Class 331) is a type of electric multiple unit train used on the Heathrow Express. This type of train goes from London Paddington station to Heathrow Airport. There are 14 trains which have four or five carriages each. They were built in 1998 by Siemens and CAF at a factory in Zaragoza, Spain.


title: British Rail Class 333

paragraphs: The British Rail Class 333 electric multiple units were built by Siemens and are based on the Class 332 trains operated by Heathrow Express.


title: British Rail Class 334

paragraphs: The British Rail Class 334 is a suburban electric multiple unit built by the train maker Alstom in Birmingham. They are part of the Juniper family of trains along with Classes 458 and 460. They were built for SPT/Abellio ScotRail outer suburban services in Glasgow, UK. Their introduction saw the withdrawal of the last of Glasgow's old Class 303 "Blue Train" sets which had been in service since 1960.

paragraphs: Their introduction saw the withdrawal of the last of Glasgow's old Class 303 "Blue Train" trains which had been in service since 1960. Although delivered to Strathclyde in 1999-2002, they did not enter passenger service until 2001 due to a large number of problems (like other newly delivered Juniper trains) and technical issues which plagued the new units at their introduction. SPT had ordered 38 Juniper units originally, but two were added to the order as a goodwill gesture, because of these problems.

paragraphs: SPT purchased a total of 40 units, although only paying for 38 of the units (2 were given free, with the reason stated above) which can be seen in use daily across the SPT electric network. On the first running of the units, 334010 and 334020 ran to Gourock. Initially the units ran Ayrshire Coast Line and Inverclyde Line services but then become a common sight on the Argyle Line and North Clyde Line.

paragraphs: In December 2010, the Class 334s operated the Ayrshire Coast Line, Inverclyde Line, North Clyde Line and Argyle Line.

paragraphs: By June 2011 the class was substantially replaced by the Class 380 units on the Ayrshire Coast Line and Inverclyde lines, with only occasional units seen on those routes, to be refurbished.

paragraphs: In September 2008, the Scottish Government's agency Transport Scotland announced that all "ScotRail" trains (including from the Strathclyde Partnership for Transport) would be eventually repainted in a new, blue livery with white Saltire markings on the carriage ends. Class 334 re-livery began in November 2010 in preparation for the Airdrie to Bathgate reopening.

paragraphs: On 24 August 2011, ScotRail announced plans to refurbish all the fleet, with the project expected to start in November 2011 and take two years to complete. 334020 was the first to be properly refurbished at Kilmarnock's Brodie Rail Works. It was there for 3 months from 3 February 2012 to 2 May 2012. The last unit to receive a full refresh was 334006 which left Brodie Works on 8 November 2014.

paragraphs: From early 2015, an extensive overhaul will be carried out by Alstom to the entire fleet to improve passenger conditions, which will include the retrofitting of full air conditioning, at-seat charging points, provision for wi-fi, and reliability improvements to the doors. Additionally, a new CCTV system for Driver Only Operation will be installed.


title: British Rail Class 341 and 342

paragraphs: Class 341 and Class 342 were proposed electric multiple unit classes from the Networker series planned to operate new services on the UK rail network.


title: British Rail Class 350

paragraphs: The British Rail Class 350 "Desiro" is class of electrical multiple unit built by Siemens AG from 2004- present. Thirty of these units, known as Class 350/1s, were built for use by Central Trains and Silverlink on regional express services and Central Citylink services on the southern section of the West Coast Main Line. A further 37 units known as Class 350/2s are currently being delivered to the UK for London Midland. The "Desiro" family also includes units of Classes 185, 360, 444 and 450. This train is nearly identical to the 450, as it was originated from that.


title: British Rail Class 357

paragraphs: The British Rail Class 357 "Electrostar" alternating current (AC) electric multiple units (EMU) were built by ADtranz, Derby (now owned by Bombardier Transportation) from 1999 to 2003 at a cost of approximately £350 million. The Electrostar family also includes Classes 375, 376, 377 and 378, and is the most numerous type of EMU built in the post-privatisation period of Britain's railways. These units were built in two batches for LTS Rail, since rebranded as c2c.


title: British Rail Class 360

paragraphs: The British Rail Class 360 electric multiple units were built by Siemens in two sub-types from 2000-2005. These units are part of the Desiro family.


title: British Rail Class 365

paragraphs: The British Rail Class 365 "Networker Express" are dual-voltage (25kV AC and 750V DC) electric multiple units built by ABB at York from 1994-95. These were the last units to be built at York works before it closed. All Class 365 units in service have now received front end cab modifications to equip them with cab air conditioning.


title: British Rail Class 370

paragraphs: British Rail's Class 370 tilting trains, also referred to as APT-P (meaning Advanced Passenger Train Prototype), were the pre-production Advanced Passenger Train units. Unlike the earlier experimental gas-turbine APT-E unit, these units were powered by 25kV AC overhead electrification and were used on the West Coast Main Line between London Euston and Glasgow Central. The APT-P is the most powerful domestic train to have operated in Britain, the eight traction motors fitted to the two central Motor Cars giving a total output of 8,000 hp. This enabled the train to set the UK rail speed record of 162.2 mph in December 1979, a record that stood for 23 years.


title: British Rail Classes 371, 381 and 471

paragraphs: Class 371, Class 381 and Class 471 were proposed electric multiple unit classes from the Networker family intended to operate services in the south-east of England.


title: British Rail Class 373

paragraphs: The British Rail Class 373 or TGV-TMST train is an electric multiple unit that operates Eurostar's high-speed rail service between Britain, France and Belgium via the Channel Tunnel. Part of the TGV family, it has a smaller cross-section to fit within the constrictive British loading gauge, was originally able to operate on the UK third rail network, and has a lot of fireproofing in case of fire in the tunnel. This is both the second-longest——and second-fastest train in regular UK passenger service.


title: British Rail Class 375

paragraphs: The British Rail Class 375 Electrostar electric multiple unit train was built by Bombardier Transportation (previously ADtranz) at their Derby Works, from 1999 to 2005. The Electrostar family, which also includes Classes 357, 376, 377 and 378, is the most numerous type of EMU introduced since the privatisation of British Rail.


title: British Rail Class 376

paragraphs: The Class 376 Suburban Electrostar is a model of electric multiple-unit passenger train manufactured by Bombardier Transportation. It is part of the Electrostar family, which are the most common EMUs introduced since the privatisation of British Rail. The units were ordered by Connex South Eastern, introduced by South Eastern Trains, and are now operated by Southeastern.


title: British Rail Class 377

paragraphs: The Class 377 Electrostars are electric multiple units built by Bombardier Transportation (previously ADtranz) at their Derby Works, from 2001-present. The Electrostar family, which also includes Classes 357, 375 and 376, is the most numerous type of EMU built in the post-privatisation period of Britain's railways.


title: British Rail Class 378

paragraphs: The Class 378 Capitalstar is a type of electric multiple unit that has been ordered for the new London Overground network and franchise. The type is derived from the Class 376 trains currently used by Southeastern, and part of the Electrostar family, but featuring significant differences. Primarily, the Class 378 will feature fully longitudinal seating similar to that used on London Underground rolling stock, which is necessary for the high passenger volume services expected to be run on London Overground. The units will be constructed by Bombardier Transportation, and were initially announced as coming in two separate batches.


title: British Rail Class 380

paragraphs: Class 380 is the designation given to a class of electric multiple unit train that are used on the national railway network in Scotland, in the United Kingdom.


title: British Rail Class 390

paragraphs: The British Class 390 "Pendolino" electric multiple unit is a tilting train built by Fiat Ferroviaria using Fiat tilt systems. Fifty-three 9-car units were built for Virgin Trains from 2001 to 2004. These trains were the last to be assembled at Alstom's Washwood Heath plant, in Birmingham, before it closed in 2005.


title: British Rail Class 395

paragraphs: Class 395 is the designation of new dual-voltage EMUs being built to operate new high speed domestic services on the High Speed 1 railway line in the United Kingdom. The trains will be the fastest operating domestic service trains in Britain, running at a maximum speed of when they are introduced by operator Southeastern in 2009.


title: Cyberman

paragraphs: The Cybermen are a fictional race of cyborgs in the British television series "Doctor Who". They are one of the greatest and longest enemies of the Doctor. Cybermen were originally humanoids from the Earth's twin planet Mondas. The people of Mondas began to put more and more artificial metal parts into their bodies to keep themselves alive, making them cyborgs. This led to the race starting to think logically and calculating, showing no emotions. The Cybermen also turning other people into cyborgs.

paragraphs: They were created by Dr. Kit Pedler (the unofficial scientific advisor to the programme) and Gerry Davis in 1966, first appearing in the serial, "The Tenth Planet", which was the last to feature William Hartnell as the First Doctor. They have since been in the show a lot.

paragraphs: A parallel universe version of the Cybermen appeared in the 2006 series in the two-part story, "Rise of the Cybermen" and "The Age of Steel". They also appear in "Army Of Ghosts" and "Doomsday". They also appeared in the spin-off series "Torchwood" in the episode "Cyberwoman". They would later return to the new series in the 2008 Christmas Special "The Next Doctor", introducing two new types of cyberman; the Cyber-Shades and the Cyber-King.

paragraphs: While the Doctor's other old enemies the Daleks did not change during the original series's twenty-six season run, the Cybermen were seen to change with almost every appearance. The Cybermen are humanoid, but have replaced their limbs and other body parts with non-living parts to the point where they don't have many flesh parts. In their first appearance in the series, the only portions of their bodies that still seemed human were their hands, but by their next appearance in "The Moonbase" (1967), their bodies were entirely covered up in their metal suits, with their hands replaced by two finger claws, but changed back to regular five finger hands in "The Invasion" (1968). As there are not many of them, the Cybermen often convert humans to cybermen.

paragraphs: It is assumed(and often implied) that there are still human parts beneath their suits, meaning they are actually cyborgs, not robots: in "The Tenth Planet", a Cyberman tells a group of humans that "our brains are just like yours", although by the time of "Attack of the Cybermen", their brains seem to have been replaced with electronics. In "Earthshock" (1982), the actors' chins were vaguely visible through a clear perspex area on the helmet to suggest some kind of human face. In "The Tomb of the Cybermen" (1967), veins were visible through the circular head of the Cyberman Controller and in "Attack of the Cybermen" (1985) and "The Age of Steel" (2006), the Cyber-Controller's brain is visible through the dome. The first is a Mondas Cyber Controller, while the second is an alternative cyberman. However, in "Revenge of the Cybermen" (1975), the Doctor says they are "total machine creatures".

paragraphs: Although the Cybermen often claim that they have done away with human emotion, they have exhibited emotions ranging from anger to smug satisfaction in their confrontations with the Doctor (although this is only clearly present during their appearances in the 1980s). Some Cybermen in the early stories were even given individual names such as "Krang". Some parallel Earth Cybermen did retain some memories of their pre-conversion lives, although their emotional response varied

paragraphs: This motive behind the removal of emotions is made more clear in "The Age of Steel" where it is done by putting in things that keep them from feeling emotions. In that episode, the deactivation of their emotional inhibitors drives the converted Cybermen insane when they realise what they have become, killing them. This motive may also be applicable to Mondas Cybermen, given their forcible conversion of other lifeforms to Cybermen to maintain their numbers, despite the fact the Mondasians appear to have originally willingly converted themselves as a survival mechanism.

paragraphs: Cybermen have a number of weaknesses over the years. Their biggest weakness is gold. It was not mentioned that they did not like gold until their attempt to destroy the planetoid Voga (the so-called "Planet of Gold") in "Revenge of the Cybermen" (1975). Initially, it was explained that, because it is very hard to grind up, gold chokes their respiratory systems. For example, the However, in later serials, gold appeared to affect them rather like silver affects werewolves, with gold coins or bullets with gold on the edge fired at them having the same effect. The revived series' Cybermen have no weakness to gold.

paragraphs: Nearly all the cyberman costumes were silver in colour and included items and material such as cloth, rubber diving suits, PVC, chest units, tubing, practice golf balls, cricketers' gloves, and silver-painted Doc Martens boots. A BBC Cyberman costume from the black & white era of TV has recently been discovered.

paragraphs: The 1980s design used converted flight suits painted silver. Unlike the Doctor's other enemies, the Cybermen have changed a lot in appearance over the years, looking more and more modern, although retaining certain commonalities of design, the most iconic being the "handle bars" attached to Cybermen heads, that were supposed to aid with their hearing, their round eyeholes and their chest units. Completely black-coloured Cybermen were seen briefly in "Attack of the Cybermen".

paragraphs: The Cybermen returned in episodes 5 and 6 of the 2006 season of the new series, in a two-part story set on an alternate Earth. The new Cybermen were designed by production designer Edward Thomas's team and Neill Gorton at Millennium FX. The new Cyberman design is tall, in a style reminiscent of Art Deco, with their Cybus Corporation logo on their chests and made to look like burnished steel instead of silver. The other big changes in the Cyberman design is that the Cyber-Controller had glowing eyes, a transparent forehead revealing the brain, and sockets on its chest-plate providing connectors to other systems.

paragraphs: Early Cybermen had an unsettling, sing-song voice, created by changing their voices slightly on syllables which a voice does not normally change. Their mouths opened fully and did not move when they were talking, then their mouths would shut as soon as they stopped talking. However they stopped doing this after their first few appearances.

paragraphs: The voices for the 2006 return of the Cybermen were provided by Nicholas Briggs (who performed the voices for the Cybermen in Big Finish audio stories as well as the Daleks in both the new series and the audio stories). Shown in the season 2 DVD special feature "Confidential Cut Downs," the voice was created by processing Brigg's voice through a voice modulator. The new Cybermen have a blue light in their "mouths" which blinks in synchronisation with their speech.

paragraphs: The Cybermen also use smaller, cybernetic creatures called "cybermats" to attack. In their first appearance in "The Tomb of the Cybermen", they resembled big metal fish and had segmented bodies with hair sensor probes along the base of their heads, which were topped with eyes. The Second Doctor described them as a "form of metallic life,".

paragraphs: The second model of cybermat seen in "The Wheel in Space" was used for sabotage, able to listen to human brainwaves. They were carried to the "Wheel" in small sacs that sank through the walls of the space station, causing drops in air pressure.

paragraphs: The third model, seen in "Revenge of the Cybermen", was a much larger, snake-like cybermat that could be remotely controlled and could inject poison into its victims.

paragraphs: Cybermats appear in Blood of the Cybermen. They look like flat snakes, and can turn living things into Cyber-Slaves with their poison. They are remote controlled, and are of the new, 3rd race of cybermen. They are Cyber Cats and Dogs.

paragraphs: On the BBC website, the Cybus Cybermen appear in two online games, Cyber Assault and Save Paris, both depicting the war between the Cybermen and Preachers on the parallel Earth. The Adventure Games has an episode, Blood of the Cybermen, which feature a 3rd, new race of Cybermen.


title: Marlborough

paragraphs: Marlborough is a town in Wiltshire, England, United Kingdom. It is the home of a famous school, Marlborough College. Other notable schools include St. John's Academy and St. Peter's Primary School.

paragraphs: The Dukes of Marlborough take their name from the town, but their seat in near Oxford.


title: Anatidae

paragraphs: Anatidae is the biological family of birds that includes the ducks, geese and swans.

paragraphs: These birds are common and widespread, and live in or near water. The family has a cosmopolitan distribution, on all the world's continents except Antarctica and on most of the world's islands and island groups.

paragraphs: These are birds that are adapted for swimming, floating on the water surface, and in some cases diving. The family has about 146 species in 40 genera. They are usually herbivorous, and are monogamous breeders. A number of species do annual migrations. A few species have been domesticated for agriculture, and many others are hunted for food and recreation. Five species have become extinct since 1600, and others are close to extinction.


title: Anatinae

paragraphs: The Anatinae is a subfamily of the family Anatidae that including swans, geese and ducks.

paragraphs: They are the dabbling ducks. They feed mainly at the surface rather than by diving. The subfamily contains only the dabbling ducks and one relative, the extinct moa-nalos, land ducks which lived on some Hawaiian islands.


title: High-Definition Multimedia Interface

paragraphs: The High-Definition Multimedia Interface (HDMI) is an audio/video interface for transmitting uncompressed digital data. The main use of an HDMI cable is to connect components such as a DVD player to a High-definition television (HDTV). HDMI is the uncompressed, all-digital standard used for High-Definition (HD) quality for consumer electronics and PC products using a single cable. It transmits digital video, multi-channel surround sound, and control data through a single cable. It replaces up to eleven older cables with a single connection. It uses the same technology as DVI but is more commonly used, especially for consumer electronics and laptops.


title: Oil tanker

paragraphs: An oil tanker, also known as a petroleum tanker, is a ship made for the bulk transport of oil. There are two basic types of oil tankers: the crude tanker and the product tanker. Crude tankers move large quantities of unrefined crude oil from its point of extraction to refineries. Product tankers, generally much smaller, are designed to move petrochemicals from refineries to points near consuming markets.


title: Strehaia

paragraphs: Strehaia is a town in Mehedinţi County, Oltenia, Romania. About 11,800 people live in Strehaia as of the year 2002.


title: Heritage railway

paragraphs: A heritage railway (United Kingdom), preserved railway (United Kingdom), or tourist railroad (United States and Canada) is a term used for a railway which is run as a tourist attraction, is usually but not always run by volunteers, and seeks to re-create railway scenes of the past. See List of heritage railways.


title: Chessel

paragraphs: Chessel is a municipality in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. It is found in the district of Aigle.


title: Duat

paragraphs: is the Egyptian idea of the underworld (also called Akert, Amenthes, or Neter-khertet). To the Egyptians, the underworld was divided into sections filled with dangers that the Egyptian Soul had to pass through. This is the same realm that Ra was believed to pass into each night and battle Apophis. The Egyptian Underworld is described in many funerary texts that are found in tombs of mummies, believed to help guide them through death.

paragraphs: Duat is where the famous "Weighing of the Heart" is displayed. Where the soul, shown as a heart, is weighed on the scales of Anubis against the feather of Ma'at. Ammut was believed to eat the souls of the people whose heart did not match the exact weight of Ma'at's feather. It was thought that the heart itself was then eaten by a lion.

paragraphs: The Egyptian idea of the underworld influenced many other ideas of afterlife in other cultures.


title: Ammit

paragraphs: Ammit was the Egyptian idea of the punishment of the soul. The name means "devourer" or "soul-eater."Ammit was usually known as 'The Devourer of the Dead' or the 'Eater of Hearts'. Ammit was believed to eat any souls found to have sinned. They would then be digested for eternity in acid. Or, Ammit who was believed to be the guardian of a lake of fire, would place the soul into the liquid fire for all eternity.

paragraphs: Ammit appears as mix of the crocodile, lion, and hippo. Rather than being worshipped, Ammit was feared. She was not viewed as a god, but she was viewed as a good force because she destroyed evil. Although Ammit is seen as a devouring entity, she is neutral and strictly serves at the whim of the other deities to take souls that have sinned against the gods and send them into oblivion. She was known as the crocodile goddess also known as Estriedia.

paragraphs: Ammit was believed to be Anubis's equal but She wanted to enter the real world and devour the souls of the living.

paragraphs: Ammit also intermittently appears as Ammit the Devourer in The Kane Chronicles. In the trilogy, it was kept at bay with Anubis.


title: Ostra, Suceava

paragraphs: Ostra is a commune found in Suceava County, Romania.


title: Gyula, Hungary

paragraphs: Gyula is a town in Békés county in the south-eastern part of Hungary.


title: Bistriţa River

paragraphs: Bistriţa River can be any of four rivers in Romania:


title: Gadsden, Alabama

paragraphs: Gadsden is a city and the county seat of Etowah County, northeastern Alabama, United States, aboutapproximately 60 miles northeast of Birmingham.


title: Geneva, Alabama

paragraphs: Geneva is a city in and the county seat of Geneva County, Alabama, United States. It is part of the Dothan, Alabama Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is also the largest city of Geneva County.


title: Gardendale, Alabama

paragraphs: Gardendale is a city in Jefferson County, Alabama, United States, and a northern suburb of Birmingham.


title: Akan, Wisconsin

paragraphs: Akan is a town in Richland County, Wisconsin, United States. 444 people lived there as of the year 2002.


title: Alban, Wisconsin

paragraphs: Alban is a town in Portage County, Wisconsin, United States. 897 people lived there as of the year 2000.


title: Guntersville, Alabama

paragraphs: Guntersville is a city in Marshall County, Alabama, United States and is included in the Huntsville-Decatur Combined Statistical Area. At the 2000 census, the population of the city was 7,395. The city is the county seat of Marshall County.


title: Guin, Alabama

paragraphs: Guin is a city in Marion County, Alabama, United States. At the 2000 census the population was 2,389.

paragraphs: On April 3, 1974, Guin was devastated by an F5 tornado during the Super Outbreak, the largest tornado outbreak on record. The death toll in Guin was 30, which, at the time, was 11% of the population.


title: Greenville, Alabama

paragraphs: Greenville is a city in Butler County, Alabama, United States. At the 2000 census, the population was 7,228. The city is the county seat of Butler County. It is called the Camellia City, the state flower of Alabama.

paragraphs: The city of Greenville has an average high temperature of 77.30 degrees and an average low temperature of 53.80 degrees Fahrenheit. The city averages 4.80 inches of precipitation per month.

paragraphs: The local government of Greenville is run by the Mayor and City Council. The city council has five members.

paragraphs: The city's residents were on the first episode of the ABC reality/game show series "My Kind of Town", on Sunday, August 14, 2005.

paragraphs: Greenville is the location of a Robert Trent Jones-designed golf course, Cambrian Ridge. The clubhouse for the golf course is on the highest point in Butler County.

paragraphs: Greenville is home to Sherling Lake Park and Campground which has 41 campsites and surrounds two lakes.

paragraphs: Greenville is also the home of the Watermelon Jubilee, a local arts and crafts exposition held each year in the month of August. Every year in September, the city hosts the Butler County Fair. Also, during the fall, Greenville hosts Old Time Farm Day which features activities such as tractor races, blacksmithing and quilting demonstrations.


title: Greensboro, Alabama

paragraphs: Greensboro is a city in Hale County, Alabama, United States. At the 2000 census the population was 2,731. The city is the county seat of Hale County. It is part of the Tuscaloosa, Alabama Metropolitan Statistical Area.


title: Graysville, Alabama

paragraphs: Graysville is a city in Jefferson County, Alabama, United States. At the 2000 census the population was 2,344.


title: Goodwater, Alabama

paragraphs: Goodwater is a city in Coosa County, Alabama, United States. At the 2000 census the population was 1,633. It is part of the Alexander City Micropolitan Statistical Area.


title: Glencoe, Alabama

paragraphs: Glencoe is a city in Calhoun and Etowah Counties in the U.S. state of Alabama. It is part of the Gadsden Metropolitan Statistical Area. At the 2000 census the population was 5,152.


title: Albany, Green County, Wisconsin

paragraphs: Albany is a town in Green County, Wisconsin, United States. 775 people lived here as of the year 2000.


title: Albany, Pepin County, Wisconsin

paragraphs: Albany is a town in Pepin County, Wisconsin, United States. 620 people lived here as of the year 2000.


title: Albion, Dane County, Wisconsin

paragraphs: Albion is a town in Dane County, Wisconsin, United States. 1,823 people lived there as of the year 2000.


title: Reedy Creek Observatory

paragraphs: Reedy Creek Observatory is an observatory for looking at Near-Earth objects. It is run by John Broughton, an Australian astronomer. It can be found on the Gold Coast, Queensland at Reedy Creek, Queensland.


title: Prescott Observatory

paragraphs: Prescott Observatory is an observatory that is used by Paul G. Comba. He looks at Near-Earth objects through a telescope. Many asteroids have been found at Prescott Observatory.


title: Falconiformes

paragraphs: The order Falconiformes is a group of about 290 species of birds that include the diurnal (active during dawn and dusk) birds of prey. All have young that remain in the nest for some time after being hatched, and are cared for by both parents.


title: Samson, Alabama

paragraphs: Samson is a city in Geneva County, Alabama, United States. It is part of the Dothan, Alabama Metropolitan Statistical Area. At the 2000 census the population was 2,071.


title: Saraland, Alabama

paragraphs: Saraland is a city in Mobile County, Alabama, in the United States. It is a suburb of Mobile, Alabama, and part of the Mobile metropolitan statistical area. As of the 2000 census, the population of the city was 12,288. Saraland is the third largest city in Mobile County.


title: Satsuma, Alabama

paragraphs: Satsuma is a city in Mobile County, Alabama, United States. At the 2000 census the population was 5,687. It is a part of the Mobile metropolitan statistical area.


title: Scottsboro, Alabama

paragraphs: Scottsboro is a city in Jackson County, Alabama, United States, and is included in the Huntsville-Decatur Combined Statistical Area. As of the 2000 census, the population of the city is 14,762. Named for its founder Robert Scott, the city is the county seat of Jackson County.


title: Selma, Alabama

paragraphs: Selma is a city in and the county seat of Dallas County, Alabama, United States, located on the banks of the Alabama River. The population was 20,512 at the 2000 census. The city is best known for the Selma to Montgomery marches, three civil rights marches that began in the city.


title: Sheffield, Alabama

paragraphs: Sheffield is a city in Colbert County, Alabama, United States, and is included in The Shoals MSA. As of the 2000 census, the population of the city is 9,652. Sheffield is the birthplace of notable attorney, actor, former senator and presidential contender Fred Thompson.


title: Slocomb, Alabama

paragraphs: Slocomb is a city in Geneva County, Alabama, United States. It is part of the Dothan, Alabama Metropolitan Statistical Area. At the 2000 census the population was 2,052. The community is named after postmaster, Frank W. Slocomb.


title: Smiths Station, Alabama

paragraphs: Smiths Station is a city in Lee County, Alabama, United States. It is a part of the Auburn Metropolitan Area, but is more closely tied to the Columbus, Georgia-Alabama Metropolitan Statistical Area.


title: Stevenson, Alabama

paragraphs: Stevenson is a city in Jackson County, Alabama, United States, and is included in the Huntsville-Decatur Combined Statistical Area. As of the 2000 census, the population of the city is 1,770.


title: Spanish Fort, Alabama

paragraphs: Spanish Fort is a city in Baldwin County, Alabama, United States. It is on the eastern shore of Mobile Bay.


title: Southside, Alabama

paragraphs: Southside is a city in Etowah county in the U.S. state of Alabama. It is part of the Gadsden Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 7,036 at the 2000 census.


title: Sulligent, Alabama

paragraphs: Sulligent is a city in Lamar County, Alabama, United States. As of the 2000 census, the population of the city was 2,151.


title: Sumiton, Alabama

paragraphs: Sumiton is a city in Jefferson and Walker Counties in the U.S. state of Alabama. At the 2000 census the population was 2,665.


title: Sylacauga, Alabama

paragraphs: Sylacauga is a city in Talladega County, Alabama, United States. At the 2000 census the population was 12,616.


title: Sadova, Suceava

paragraphs: Sadova is a commune found in Suceava County, Romania.


title: Fireflight

paragraphs: Fireflight is an American Christian rock band which originated from Eustis, Florida. The band formed in 1999.


title: Teasc

paragraphs: Teasc is a commune of Dolj County, Romania. 3,360 people live in Teasc.


title: Christian rock

paragraphs: Christian rock is a type of rock music that is performed by Christians. It often has lyrics and themes dealing with Christianity.

paragraphs: Christian rock started as "Jesus music" and piano in church but has become a form of modern music that has become more popular. Some Christian rock bands such as Switchfoot and P.O.D. have become popular even with fans who are not Christians.

paragraphs: Some Christians do not like the idea of this type of music and think rock in any form is a work of the Devil.

paragraphs: Other bands in this genre include Skillet, Fireflight and Red. There are many more.


title: Michael Howe (bushranger)

paragraphs: Michael Howe (1787 – 21 October 1818) was a famous bushranger in Tasmania, Australia. He called himself the "Lieutenant Governor of the Woods". He kept a written record of his thoughts in a book he called "The Journal of Dreams".

paragraphs: Howe was born in Pontefract, Yorkshire, in 1787. He joined the merchant navy at Hull. After a short while he ran away and joined the Royal Navy. He deserted (left without permission) the navy after two years. He had his own small boat and carried coal. In 1811 Howe was arrested at York and charged with highway robbery. He was sentenced to seven years in Van Diemen's Land.

paragraphs: Howe arrived in Hobart on October on the convict ship "Indefatigable". He was sent to work for John Ingle, who had once been the Supervisor of Convicts. He was now a farmer and merchant. Howe soon escaped and went into the bush. He joined up with a large group of escaped convicts who had become bushrangers (robbers). The gang of 28 was led by John Whitehead. It included two soldiers (who had deserted) and two aboriginal women.

paragraphs: The bushrangers robbed a lot of houses and farms around New Norfolk. On April 25, 1815, the gang went to the house of a Mr.Carlisle. Carlisle and his friends went out to stop the gang from stealing a boat. Carlisle was shot dead, and his neighbour, Mr.O'Birne, was badly wounded. O'Birne died a few days later. The gang returned to New Norfolk in May 1815, to rob more houses. They met a group of soldiers and John Whitehead was shot and killed. To claim a reward for killing a bushranger, the body had to be identified. To stop people from claiming a reward for their capture, Howe and Whitehead had made a promise to each other. This would be to cut the head off whoever was killed first so no one would know who it was. As soon as Whitehead was shot, his head was cut off by Howe and hidden in the bush.

paragraphs: After Whitehead's death, Howe became leader of the gang of bushrangers. He set up the gang as if they were on board a ship. Gang members could be punished if they broke the gang's rules. Punishment included having to cut and carry firewood, and even included being lashed (whipped). Howe would read to them from the Bible. He wrote letters to Governor Davey. In 1816 he signed the letters as "Lieutentant Governor of the Woods." In 1817 he began calling himself the "Governor of the Ranges." He was living with an aboriginal woman, called "Black Mary." Members of the gang were known to be James Garry, Peter Septon, George Jones, Richard Colier, John Chapman, Thomas Coyne, James Parker, Mathew Kegan, John Brown and Nenis Curry. The gang continued to rob people at Green Point, Coal River, and Bagdad.

paragraphs: In 1817, Howe wrote to Governor William Sorell and offered to give himself up in return for a free pardon (not be put in gaol for any crimes). He offered to tell the government where all the gang members could be found. He was put into Hobart gaol while he was being questioned about the gang. He escaped while being taken for a walk through Hobart to get fresh air. He went back and rejoined the gang. Governor Lachlan Macquarie in Sydney stopped the pardon, and told Sorell to put more effort in to capture Howe. Sorell offered money, a free pardon and a return to England for anyone that captured Howe.

paragraphs: The hunt for the bushrangers became more organized. John Chapman and a man called Elliot were shot dead by the soldiers in 1817. A gang member called Hillier cut Peter Septon's head off to claim a reward. He also tried to cut off Richard Colier's head. Both men were hurt in the struggle. Hillier was taken to Sydney where he was executed by hanging. Colier was executed in Hobart on March 26, 1818. In April, 1818, a group of convicts tried to steal a government boat. They were going to rescue Howe and take him to America. John Brown, James Parker, Thomas Coyne and Mathew Kegan gave themselves up to the military. They were all taken to Newcastle, New South Wales where they were given the lash (whipped) and sent to gaol.

paragraphs: In September 1818, a group came from Sydney to join in the hunt for Howe. They wanted the reward. One member of the group was the famous aboriginal tracker, Mosquito. They nearly caught him. They did get his guns and his knapsack (a backpack). In the knapsack they found his ""Journal of Dreams"". It was a book made from kangaroo skin and Howe had written in it using kangaroo blood as ink. In it Howe wrote about his fear of being killed by the aborigines, his dreams of his sister, and lists of vegetables and flowers he would grow in a house in the forest. As he escaped, Howe thought Black Mary was slowing him down, so he tried to shoot her.

paragraphs: On October 10, Howe was captured by two people he knew and trusted, Watts and Drewe. He managed to untie himself and stabbed Watts and shot Drewe dead. Watts died later from the injuries. On October 21, 1818, Black Mary led another two men, a convict, Thomas Worrall, and a soldier, William Pugh, to where Howe was hiding near the Shannon River. Worrall had been a sailor who had been sent to Van Diemen's Land for his part in the naval mutiny at the Nore (mouth of the Thames) in 1797. He wanted the reward so he could be free and return to England. All the men shot at each other, but after a fierce fight, Pugh and Worrall bashed Howe to death with their muskets (guns).

paragraphs: Howe was buried by the river, but his head was taken back to Hobart where it was put on public display.

paragraphs: Much of the information comes from a book by Governor Sorell's secretary, Thomas Wells. The book was called "Michael Howe, the Last and Worst of the Bushrangers of Van Diemen's Land" and printed in 1818 in Hobart. This was the first work of general literature printed in Australia.


title: Neil Peart

paragraphs: Neil Ellwood Peart (September 12, 1952 – January 7, 2020) was a Canadian musician and author. He was best known as the drummer and lyricist for the rock band Rush. He was also an author of 4 books, including "Ghost Rider", a book about his life after both his daughter and his wife died within a year of each other.

paragraphs: He won many awards for his drumming, and was a guest star as himself in the "Aqua Teen Hunger Force" movie.

paragraphs: Peart died from glioblastoma, which is a type of brain cancer, on January 7, 2020, in Santa Monica, California. He was 67.


title: Communes of the Sarthe department

paragraphs: There are 375 communes in the Sarthe "département", in France.


title: Aigné

paragraphs: Aigné is a commune. It is found in the Pays de la Loire region in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Aillières-Beauvoir

paragraphs: Aillières-Beauvoir is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Allonnes, Sarthe

paragraphs: Allonnes is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the north west of France.


title: Amné

paragraphs: Amné is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Ancinnes

paragraphs: Ancinnes is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Arçonnay

paragraphs: Arçonnay is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Ardenay-sur-Mérize

paragraphs: Ardenay-sur-Mérize is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Arnage, Sarthe

paragraphs: Arnage is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Arthezé

paragraphs: Arthezé is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Asnières-sur-Vègre

paragraphs: Asnières-sur-Vègre is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Assé-le-Boisne

paragraphs: Assé-le-Boisne is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Assé-le-Riboul

paragraphs: Assé-le-Riboul is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Aubigné-Racan

paragraphs: Aubigné-Racan is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Auvers-le-Hamon

paragraphs: Auvers-le-Hamon is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Auvers-sous-Montfaucon

paragraphs: Auvers-sous-Montfaucon is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Avesnes-en-Saosnois

paragraphs: Avesnes-en-Saosnois is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Avessé

paragraphs: Avessé is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Avezé

paragraphs: Avezé is a commune. It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Sarthe department in west France.


title: Avoise

paragraphs: Avoise is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Ballon, Sarthe

paragraphs: Ballon is a former commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France. On 1 January 2016, it was merged into the new commune of Ballon-Saint-Mars.


title: Bazouges-sur-le-Loir

paragraphs: Bazouges-sur-le-Loir is a former commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France. On 1 January 2017, it was merged into the new commune of Bazouges Cré sur Loir.


title: Beaufay

paragraphs: Beaufay is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Beaumont-Pied-de-Bœuf, Sarthe

paragraphs: Beaumont-Pied-de-Boeuf is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Beaumont-sur-Dême

paragraphs: Beaumont-sur-Dême is a commune. It is in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Beaumont-sur-Sarthe

paragraphs: Beaumont-sur-Sarthe is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Beillé

paragraphs: Beillé is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Berfay

paragraphs: Berfay is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Bernay-en-Champagne

paragraphs: Bernay-en-Champagne is a former commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France. On 1 January 2019, it was merged into the new commune of Bernay-Neuvy-en-Champagne.


title: Bérus

paragraphs: Bérus is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Bessé-sur-Braye

paragraphs: Bessé-sur-Braye is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Béthon

paragraphs: Béthon is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Blèves

paragraphs: Blèves is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Boëssé-le-Sec

paragraphs: Boëssé-le-Sec is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Bonnétable

paragraphs: Bonnétable is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Bouër

paragraphs: Bouër is a commune. It is found in the Pays de la Loire region in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Bouloire

paragraphs: Bouloire is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Bourg-le-Roi

paragraphs: Bourg-le-Roi is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Bousse, Sarthe

paragraphs: Bousse is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Brains-sur-Gée

paragraphs: Brains-sur-Gée is a commune. It is in Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in west France.


title: Brette-les-Pins

paragraphs: Brette-les-Pins is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Briosne-lès-Sables

paragraphs: Briosne-lès-Sables is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Brûlon

paragraphs: Brûlon is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Cérans-Foulletourte

paragraphs: Cérans-Foulletourte is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Chahaignes

paragraphs: Chahaignes is a commune. It is found in the Pays de la Loire region in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Challes, Sarthe

paragraphs: Challes is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Champagné

paragraphs: Champagné is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Champfleur

paragraphs: Champfleur is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Champrond

paragraphs: Champrond is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Changé, Sarthe

paragraphs: Changé is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Chantenay-Villedieu

paragraphs: Chantenay-Villedieu is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Chassé, Sarthe

paragraphs: Chassé is a former commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France. Since 2015, it became a part of the new commune of Villeneuve-en-Perseigne.


title: Chassillé

paragraphs: Chassillé is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Château-du-Loir

paragraphs: Château-du-Loir is a former commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France. On 1 October 2016, it was merged into the new commune of Montval-sur-Loir.


title: Château-l'Hermitage

paragraphs: Château-l'Hermitage is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Chaufour-Notre-Dame

paragraphs: Chaufour-Notre-Dame is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Chemiré-en-Charnie

paragraphs: Chemiré-en-Charnie is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Chemiré-le-Gaudin

paragraphs: Chemiré-le-Gaudin is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Chenay, Sarthe

paragraphs: Chenay is a commune. It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Sarthe department in west France.


title: Chenu, Sarthe

paragraphs: Chenu is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Chérancé, Sarthe

paragraphs: Chérancé is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Chérisay

paragraphs: Chérisay is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Cherré, Sarthe

paragraphs: Cherré is a former commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France. On 1 January 2019, it was merged into the new commune of Cherré-Au.


title: Cherreau

paragraphs: Cherreau is a former commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France. On 1 January 2019, it was merged into the new commune of Cherré-Au.


title: Chevillé

paragraphs: Chevillé is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Clermont-Créans

paragraphs: Clermont-Créans is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Cogners

paragraphs: Cogners is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Commerveil

paragraphs: Commerveil is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Conflans-sur-Anille

paragraphs: Conflans-sur-Anille is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Congé-sur-Orne

paragraphs: Congé-sur-Orne is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Conlie

paragraphs: Conlie is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Connerré

paragraphs: Connerré is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Contilly

paragraphs: Contilly is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Cormes

paragraphs: Cormes is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Coudrecieux

paragraphs: Coudrecieux is a commune; it is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Coulaines

paragraphs: Coulaines is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Coulans-sur-Gée

paragraphs: Coulans-sur-Gée is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Coulombiers, Sarthe

paragraphs: Coulombiers is a former commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France. On 1 January 2019, it was merged into the commune of Fresnay-sur-Sarthe.


title: Coulongé

paragraphs: Coulongé is a commune. It is found in the Pays de la Loire region in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Courcebœufs

paragraphs: Courcebœufs is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Courcelles-la-Forêt

paragraphs: Courcelles-la-Forêt is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Courcemont

paragraphs: Courcemont is a commune. It is in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Courcival

paragraphs: Courcival is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Courdemanche, Sarthe

paragraphs: Courdemanche is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Courgains

paragraphs: Courgains is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Courgenard

paragraphs: Courgenard is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Courtillers

paragraphs: Courtillers is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Crannes-en-Champagne

paragraphs: Crannes-en-Champagne is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Cré

paragraphs: Cré is a former commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France. On 1 January 2017, it was merged into the new commune of Bazouges Cré sur Loir.


title: Crissé

paragraphs: Crissé is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Crosmières

paragraphs: Crosmières is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Cures, Sarthe

paragraphs: Cures is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Dangeul

paragraphs: Dangeul is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Degré

paragraphs: Degré is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Dehault

paragraphs: Dehault is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Dissay-sous-Courcillon

paragraphs: Dissay-sous-Courcillon is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Dissé-sous-Ballon

paragraphs: Dissé-sous-Ballon is a former commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France. On 1 January 2019, it was merged into the commune of Marolles-les-Braults.


title: Dissé-sous-le-Lude

paragraphs: Dissé-sous-le-Lude is a former commune. It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Sarthe department. This is in the western part of France. On 1 January 2018, it became a part of the commune of Le Lude.


title: Dollon

paragraphs: Dollon is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Domfront-en-Champagne

paragraphs: It is found in the Pays de la Loire region in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Doucelles

paragraphs: Doucelles is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Douillet

paragraphs: Douillet is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Duneau

paragraphs: Duneau is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Dureil

paragraphs: Dureil is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Écommoy

paragraphs: Écommoy is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Écorpain

paragraphs: Écorpain is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Épineu-le-Chevreuil

paragraphs: Épineu-le-Chevreuil is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Étival-lès-le-Mans

paragraphs: Étival-lès-le-Mans is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Évaillé

paragraphs: Évaillé is a former commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France. On 1 January 2019, it was merged into the new commune of Val-d'Étangson.


title: Fatines

paragraphs: Fatines is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Fay, Sarthe

paragraphs: Fay is a commune. It is found in the Pays de la Loire region in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Fercé-sur-Sarthe

paragraphs: Fercé-sur-Sarthe is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Fillé

paragraphs: Fillé is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Flée, Sarthe

paragraphs: Flée is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Fontenay-sur-Vègre

paragraphs: Fontenay-sur-Vègre is a commune in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Fresnay-sur-Sarthe

paragraphs: Fresnay-sur-Sarthe is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France. On 1 January 2019, the former communes of Coulombiers and Saint-Germain-sur-Sarthe were merged into Fresnay-sur-Sarthe.


title: Fyé

paragraphs: Fyé is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Gesnes-le-Gandelin

paragraphs: Gesnes-le-Gandelin is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Grandchamp, Sarthe

paragraphs: Grandchamp is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Gréez-sur-Roc

paragraphs: Gréez-sur-Roc is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France. In 2017, 332 people lived there.


title: Guécélard

paragraphs: Guécélard is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Jauzé

paragraphs: Jauzé is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Joué-en-Charnie

paragraphs: Joué-en-Charnie is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Joué-l'Abbé

paragraphs: Joué-l'Abbé is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Juigné-sur-Sarthe

paragraphs: Juigné-sur-Sarthe is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Juillé, Sarthe

paragraphs: Juillé is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Jupilles

paragraphs: Jupilles is a commune. It is in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in west France.


title: La Bazoge, Sarthe

paragraphs: La Bazoge is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: La Bosse (Sarthe)

paragraphs: La Bosse is a commune. It is found in the Pays de la Loire region in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: La Bruère-sur-Loir

paragraphs: La Bruère-sur-Loir is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: La Chapelle-aux-Choux

paragraphs: La Chapelle-aux-Choux is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: La Chapelle-d'Aligné

paragraphs: La Chapelle-d'Aligné is a commune. It is in Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in west France.


title: La Chapelle-du-Bois

paragraphs: La Chapelle-du-Bois is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: La Chapelle-Gaugain

paragraphs: La Chapelle-Gaugain is a former commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France. On 1 January 2017, it was merged into the new commune of Loir en Vallée.


title: La Chapelle-Huon

paragraphs: La Chapelle-Huon is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: La Chapelle-Saint-Aubin

paragraphs: La Chapelle-Saint-Aubin is a commune. It is found the Pays de la Loire region in the Sarthe department in west France.


title: La Chapelle-Saint-Fray

paragraphs: La Chapelle-Saint-Fray is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: La Chapelle-Saint-Rémy

paragraphs: La Chapelle-Saint-Rémy is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: La Chartre-sur-le-Loir

paragraphs: La Chartre-sur-le-Loir is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: La Ferté-Bernard

paragraphs: La Ferté-Bernard is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: La Flèche

paragraphs: La Flèche is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: La Fontaine-Saint-Martin

paragraphs: La Fontaine-Saint-Martin is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: La Fresnaye-sur-Chédouet

paragraphs: La Fresnaye-sur-Chédouet is a former commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France. Since 2015, it became a part of Villeneuve-en-Perseigne.


title: La Guierche

paragraphs: La Guierche is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: La Milesse

paragraphs: La Milesse is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: La Quinte

paragraphs: La Quinte is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: La Suze-sur-Sarthe

paragraphs: La Suze-sur-Sarthe is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Laigné-en-Belin

paragraphs: Laigné-en-Belin is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Lamnay

paragraphs: Lamnay is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Lavardin, Sarthe

paragraphs: Lavardin is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Lavaré

paragraphs: Lavaré is a commune. It is found in the Pays de la Loire region in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Lavenay

paragraphs: Lavenay is a former commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France. On 1 January 2017, it was merged into the new commune of Loir en Vallée.


title: Lavernat

paragraphs: Lavernat is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Le Bailleul

paragraphs: Le Bailleul is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Le Breil-sur-Mérize

paragraphs: Le Breil-sur-Mérize is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Le Chevain

paragraphs: Le Chevain is a former commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France. On 1 January 2017, it was merged into the new commune of Saint-Paterne - Le Chevain.


title: Le Grand-Lucé

paragraphs: Le Grand-Lucé is a commune. It is found in the Pays de la Loire region in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Le Grez

paragraphs: Le Grez is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Le Luart

paragraphs: Le Luart is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Le Lude

paragraphs: Le Lude is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France. On 1 January 2018, the former commune of Dissé-sous-le-Lude was merged into Le Lude.


title: Le Tronchet, Sarthe

paragraphs: Le Tronchet is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Les Aulneaux

paragraphs: Les Aulneaux is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Les Mées, Sarthe

paragraphs: Les Mées is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Lhomme

paragraphs: Lhomme is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Lignières-la-Carelle

paragraphs: Lignières-la-Carelle is a former commune. It is found in the Pays de la Loire region in the Sarthe department in the west of France. Since 2015, it became a part of Villeneuve-en-Perseigne.


title: Ligron

paragraphs: Ligron is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Livet-en-Saosnois

paragraphs: Livet-en-Saosnois is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Lombron

paragraphs: Lombron is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Longnes, Sarthe

paragraphs: Longnes is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Louailles

paragraphs: Louailles is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Loué

paragraphs: Loué is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Louplande

paragraphs: Louplande is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Louvigny, Sarthe

paragraphs: Louvigny is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Louzes

paragraphs: Louzes is a commune. It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Sarthe department in west France.


title: Lucé-sous-Ballon

paragraphs: Lucé-sous-Ballon is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Luceau

paragraphs: Luceau is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Luché-Pringé

paragraphs: Luché-Pringé is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Maigné

paragraphs: Maigné is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Maisoncelles, Sarthe

paragraphs: Maisoncelles is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Malicorne-sur-Sarthe

paragraphs: Malicorne-sur-Sarthe is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Mamers

paragraphs: Mamers is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Mansigné

paragraphs: Mansigné is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Marçon

paragraphs: Marçon is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Mareil-en-Champagne

paragraphs: Mareil-en-Champagne is a commune. It is in Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in west France.


title: Mareil-sur-Loir

paragraphs: Mareil-sur-Loir is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Maresché

paragraphs: Maresché is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Marigné-Laillé

paragraphs: Marigné-Laillé is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Marolles-les-Braults

paragraphs: Marolles-les-Braults is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France. On 1 January 2019, the former commune of Dissé-sous-Ballon was merged into Marolles-les-Braults.


title: Marolles-lès-Saint-Calais

paragraphs: Marolles-lès-Saint-Calais is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Marollette

paragraphs: Marollette is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Mayet

paragraphs: Mayet is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Melleray, Sarthe

paragraphs: Melleray is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Meurcé

paragraphs: Meurcé is a commune. It is in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in west France.


title: Mézeray, Sarthe

paragraphs: Mézeray is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Mézières-sous-Lavardin

paragraphs: Mézières-sous-Lavardin is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Mézières-sur-Ponthouin

paragraphs: Mézières-sur-Ponthouin is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Moitron-sur-Sarthe

paragraphs: Moitron-sur-Sarthe is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Moncé-en-Belin

paragraphs: Moncé-en-Belin is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Moncé-en-Saosnois

paragraphs: Moncé-en-Saosnois is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Monhoudou

paragraphs: Monhoudou is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Mont-Saint-Jean, Sarthe

paragraphs: Mont-Saint-Jean is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Montabon

paragraphs: Montabon is a former commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France. On 1 October 2016, it was merged into the new commune of Montval-sur-Loir.


title: Montaillé

paragraphs: Montaillé is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Montbizot

paragraphs: Montbizot is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Montfort-le-Gesnois

paragraphs: Montfort-le-Gesnois is a commune. It is found in the Pays de la Loire region in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Montigny, Sarthe

paragraphs: Montigny is a former commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France. Since 2015, it became a part of Villeneuve-en-Perseigne.


title: Montmirail, Sarthe

paragraphs: Montmirail is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Montreuil-le-Chétif

paragraphs: Montreuil-le-Chétif is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Montreuil-le-Henri

paragraphs: Montreuil-le-Henri is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Moulins-le-Carbonnel

paragraphs: Moulins-le-Carbonnel is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Mulsanne

paragraphs: Mulsanne is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Nauvay

paragraphs: Nauvay is a commune in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in west France.


title: Neufchâtel-en-Saosnois

paragraphs: Neufchâtel-en-Saosnois is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Neuvillalais

paragraphs: Neuvillalais is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Neuville-sur-Sarthe

paragraphs: Neuville-sur-Sarthe is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Neuvillette-en-Charnie

paragraphs: Neuvillette-en-Charnie is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Neuvy-en-Champagne

paragraphs: Neuvy-en-Champagne is a former commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France. On 1 January 2019, it was merged into the new commune of Bernay-Neuvy-en-Champagne.


title: Nogent-le-Bernard

paragraphs: Nogent-le-Bernard is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Nogent-sur-Loir

paragraphs: Nogent-sur-Loir is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Notre-Dame-du-Pé

paragraphs: Notre-Dame-du-Pé is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Nouans

paragraphs: Nouans is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Noyen-sur-Sarthe

paragraphs: Noyen-sur-Sarthe is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Nuillé-le-Jalais

paragraphs: Nuillé-le-Jalais is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Oisseau-le-Petit

paragraphs: Oisseau-le-Petit is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Oizé

paragraphs: Oizé is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Panon, Sarthe

paragraphs: Panon is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Parcé-sur-Sarthe

paragraphs: Parcé-sur-Sarthe is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Parennes

paragraphs: Parennes is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Parigné-l'Évêque

paragraphs: Parigné-l'Évêque is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Parigné-le-Pôlin

paragraphs: Parigné-le-Pôlin is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Peray

paragraphs: Peray is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Pezé-le-Robert

paragraphs: Pezé-le-Robert is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Piacé

paragraphs: Piacé is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Pincé

paragraphs: Pincé is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Pirmil

paragraphs: Pirmil is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.

paragraphs: Here is a graph showing how this commune's population went up or down:


title: Pizieux

paragraphs: Pizieux is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Poillé-sur-Vègre

paragraphs: Poillé-sur-Vègre is a commune. It is in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in west France.


title: Poncé-sur-le-Loir

paragraphs: Poncé-sur-le-Loir is a former commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France. On 1 January 2017, it was merged into the new commune of Loir en Vallée.


title: Pontvallain

paragraphs: Pontvallain is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Précigné

paragraphs: Précigné is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Préval

paragraphs: Préval is a commune. It is found in the Pays de la Loire region in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Prévelles

paragraphs: Prévelles is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Pruillé-l'Éguillé

paragraphs: Pruillé-l'Éguillé is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Pruillé-le-Chétif

paragraphs: Pruillé-le-Chétif is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Rahay

paragraphs: Rahay is a commune. It is in the Pays de la Loire region in the Sarthe department in west France.


title: René, Sarthe

paragraphs: René is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Requeil

paragraphs: Requeil is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Roézé-sur-Sarthe

paragraphs: Roézé-sur-Sarthe is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Rouessé-Fontaine

paragraphs: Rouessé-Fontaine is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Rouessé-Vassé

paragraphs: Rouessé-Vassé is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Rouez

paragraphs: Rouez is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Rouillon

paragraphs: Rouillon is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Roullée

paragraphs: Roullée is a former commune. It is found in the Pays de la Loire region in the Sarthe department in the west of France. Since 2015, it became a part of Villeneuve-en-Perseigne.


title: Rouperroux-le-Coquet

paragraphs: Rouperroux-le-Coquet is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Ruaudin

paragraphs: Ruaudin is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Ruillé-en-Champagne

paragraphs: Ruillé-en-Champagne is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.


title: Ruillé-sur-Loir

paragraphs: Ruillé-sur-Loir is a former commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France. On 1 January 2017, it was merged into the new commune of Loir en Vallée.


title: Sablé-sur-Sarthe

paragraphs: Sablé-sur-Sarthe is a commune. It is in Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in west France.


title: Saint-Aignan, Sarthe

paragraphs: Saint-Aignan is a commune. It is found in the region Pays de la Loire in the Sarthe department in the west of France.