title: Lateral thinking

paragraphs: Lateral thinking is a term invented by Edward de Bono, a Maltese psychologist, physician and writer. It first appeared in the title of his book "The Use of Lateral Thinking", published in 1967. De Bono explains lateral thinking as methods of thinking about changing concepts and perception. Lateral thinking is about reasoning that is not immediately obvious and about ideas that may not be obtainable by using only traditional step-by-step logic.


title: Period (physics)

paragraphs: A time period (denoted by 'T' ) is the time taken for one complete cycle of vibration to pass a given point. As the frequency of a wave increases, the time period of the wave decreases. The unit for time period is 'seconds'. "Frequency" and time "period" are in a reciprocal relationship that can be expressed mathematically as: T = 1/f or as: f = 1/T.


title: Edward de Bono

paragraphs: Edward de Bono (born 19 May 1933) is a Maltese physician, author, inventor and consultant. He is best known because he invented the term lateral thinking (structured creativity). He is also very much in favour to explicitly teach thinking in schools.

paragraphs: Most of de Bono's writings are about using lateral thinking to solve problems. In his book "Po: Beyond Yes and No" (1973), de Bono describes what he calls an "open block". This is when people ignore certain things that may solve a problem, because they already have an idea of how the problem should be solved. They may therefore not recognise other solutions to the problem. For example, if a person's car breaks down, the open block of being used to being in a car may cause them to wait for a taxi, ignoring buses passing by, without even reading the destinations.

paragraphs: In this book de Bono suggested a number of techniques for overcoming the open block. This includes going back and challenging assumptions, or generating new ideas for addressing problems. De Bono calls this a "po". A po is an idea that moves thinking forward to a new place from where new ideas or solutions may be found. Po can be taken to mean any of the following: provoking operation, provocative operation or provocation operation.


title: Quoll

paragraphs: Quolls (genus Dasyurus) are meat-eating marsupials native to Australia and Papua New Guinea. The name "dasyurus" means "hairy tail." Adults are between 25 and 75 cm long, with hairy tails about 20-35 cm long (about the size of a cat). Females have pouch to carry their babies.

paragraphs: Quolls are threatened by eating toxic cane toads, but a University of Sydney project is teaching them not to eat them.

paragraphs: The family Dasyurini to which quolls belong also includes the Tasmanian devil, antechinuses, the kowari, and mulgaras.

paragraphs: Within the genus "Dasyurus", the following species exist:

paragraphs: There is at least one fossil species from the Pliocene, that is "D. dunmalli".


title: Anesthesiologist

paragraphs: An anesthesiologist (also anaesthesiologist) is a doctor of medicine.An anesthesiologist (American English) or anaesthetist (British English) is a professional trained in anesthesia and perioperative medicine. Terminology varies between countries. The main jobs of an anesthesiologist are:

paragraphs: The first anesthesiologist was John Snow (18131858).


title: Wind power in the United States

paragraphs: Wind power in the United States is a growing industry. As of 2011, the total installed capacity of was 42,432 megawatts (MW), making it second in the world, behind China. In 2010 wind power accounted for 2.3% of the electricity generated in the United States. This amounted to 94,650 thousand megawatt-hours of electricity.

paragraphs: Driven by state renewable energy mandates, fourteen states have installed over 1,000 MW of wind capacity, and a total of 37 states now have installed at least some large-scale wind power. Texas, with 10,135 MW of capacity, has the most installed wind power capacity of any U.S. state, followed by Iowa with 3,675 MW. The Roscoe Wind Farm (781 MW) in Texas is the largest wind farm in the US as of 2011.

paragraphs: The U.S. wind industry generates tens of thousands of jobs and billions of dollars. Wind projects boost local tax bases, and help the economy of rural communities by providing a steady income stream to farmers with wind turbines on their land. GE Energy is the largest domestic wind turbine manufacturer.


title: Necromancy

paragraphs: Necromancy is a form of divination in which a person tries to summon the spirits of the dead. Necromancy is seen by Christians and Jews as black magic and demon-summoning, as the Book of Leviticus 19:31 says: 'do not turn to mediums or necromancers; do not seek them out and so make yourselves unclean.'


title: Tarot

paragraphs: The Tarot (often Tarot cards) are a set of seventy-eight cards, comprising twenty-two Тrump cards, and four suits of fourteen cards each with four Face cards. In the English speaking world, Tarot cards are mostly used for divination. Tarot cards are also used in many European countries for playing trick taking card games. Cartomancy is to use Tarot cards for divination.

paragraphs: Tarot decks did not come before decks having four suits of the same length. They were invented not for occult purposes but purely for gaming. In 1781, Court de Gébelin published an essay associating the cards with ancient wisdom. This idea was later disproved by Dummett. Tarot cards have been used for cartomancy and divination as well as gaming. Nowadays fortune-tellers tend to use specially-developed tarot decks rather than those used for games.


paragraphs: Francis Dashwood, 15th Baron le Despencer (December 1708–11 December 1781) was an English rake and politician. He was Chancellor of the Exchequer (1762-1763) and founder of The Hellfire Club.

paragraphs: Dashwood was born in London. He was educated at Eton College where he became associated with William Pitt the Elder. Orphaned at age 16, he went on a Grand Tour of Europe in 1726.


title: Demonology

paragraphs: Demonology is the study of demons or beliefs about demons. It is the branch of theology relating to superhuman beings or spirits who are not gods.


title: Megalania

paragraphs: Megalania ("Varanus prisca") was a giant monitor lizard that lived in southern Australia. It was part of a species of megafauna that lived during the Pleistocene, and appears to have disappeared around 40,000 years ago. The first Aboriginal settlers of Australia may have encountered living "Megalania".

paragraphs: "Megalania" is the land-based lizard known to have existed. Judging from its size, "Megalania" would have fed mostly upon medium- to large-sized animals, including any of the giant marsupials like "Diprotodon" .

paragraphs: Ralph Molnar in 2004 determined a range of possible sizes for "Megalania". He did this by scaling up from dorsal vertebrae, after he determined a relationship between dorsal vertebrae length and total body length. If it had a long thin tail like the Lace monitor ("Varanus varius"), then it would have reached a length of . If its tail-to-body proportions were more similar to that of the Komodo dragon, then a length of around is more likely. Using 7 m as the maximum length, Molnar estimated the average weight of the lizard at , and as the maximum.

paragraphs: This is twice the length of their closest living relative, the Komodo dragon of eastern Indonesia.


title: Pierre Boulle

paragraphs: Pierre Boulle (1912 - 1994) was a French writer. He was born in Avignon, France. Boulle wrote many novels and short stories in French. Two stories became popular English language movies: "Planet of the Apes" and "The Bridge on the River Kwai". Boulle won the award for Best Adapted Screenplay and BAFTA Award for Best British Screenplay for "The Bridge over the River Kwai". He is said to have given the shortest acceptance speech in Academy Award history, the single word, ""Merci"", which means "Thank you".

paragraphs: Boulle served in the army in World War II.

paragraphs: Boulle died in Paris on 30 January 1994, at age 81.


title: The Fool (Tarot card)

paragraphs: The Fool or The Jester ("Il Matto" in Italian) is one of the 78 cards in a Tarot deck. It is one of the 22 Trump cards that make up the Major Arcana and the only one of the major arcana found in the modern playing cards in the role of the joker. The Fool is often numbered 0. It is used in divination as well as in game playing.


title: Major Arcana

paragraphs: The Major Arcana (Trumps Major, Major Trumps) are twenty two tarot cards in a deck of 78.


title: American International Group

paragraphs: American International Group, Inc. (AIG) (, , ) is a major American insurance corporation based in New York City. The company's UK headquarters are in London, its Continental Europe operations are based in Paris and its Asian HQ is in Hong Kong. According to the 2008 Forbes Global 2000 list, AIG was the 18th-largest company in the world. It became part of the Dow Jones Industrial Average on April 8, 2004.

paragraphs: On September 16 2008, the U.S. Federal Reserve Bank announced its plan to lend the insurer $85 billion, U.S. dollars, in exchange for a 79.9% equity stake in the company.

paragraphs: AIG announced on the same day that its board accepted the terms of the Federal Reserve Bank's loan offer.


title: Tokyo Stock Exchange

paragraphs: The , or TSE, is in Tokyo, Japan. It is the second-largest stock exchange market in the world by market value, second only to the New York Stock Exchange. It currently lists 2,271 domestic companies and 31 foreign companies, with a total market capitalization of over 5 trillion USD.

paragraphs: The Tokyo Stock Exchange was established in 1878. It is the second oldest stock exchange in Asia.


TSE


title: Fratton Park

paragraphs: Fratton Park is a football stadium in England. It is the home stadium of Portsmouth F.C..


title: Upton Park

paragraphs: Upton Park, or the Boleyn Ground, was previously the home stadium of West Ham United in the East End of London. The club started playing here in 1904. Recently they moved to the Olympic Stadium because the Boleyn Ground was to be made into flats. Many West Ham fans were devastated but many debate that the Olympic Stadium is better.

paragraphs: On the 10th May 2016, the final game was played between West Ham United F.C. and Manchester United F.C. because the ground was sold for demolition. The game finished with West Ham winning 3-2. By July 2016, the seats were removed and it was handed over to the developers for demolition.


title: City of Manchester Stadium

paragraphs: The City of Manchester Stadium is a stadium in Manchester, England. It is also called the Etihad Stadium, COMS or Eastlands. The stadium was designed by Arup and built by John Laing. It was first designed as part of Manchester's failed bid for the 2000 Summer Olympics. The stadium was built for the 2002 Commonwealth Games at a cost of £110 million. After the Games, it was turned into a football stadium. It became the home of Manchester City F.C. who moved there from Maine Road in 2003 after signing a 250-year lease.

paragraphs: The stadium is shaped like a bowl. It has two levels all the way around. There is a third level along the two side stands and one of the stands behind the goal. As of the start of the 2010/2011 season, it is the third largest stadium in the FA Premier League and the ninth largest in the United Kingdom, with 55,097 seats. The highest attendance for a football game at the stadium was on 6 February 2016 when 54,693 fans watched Manchester City play Leicester City. On 14 May 2008, it hosted the UEFA Cup Final.

paragraphs: Manchester City F.C. signed an agreement with Manchester City Council in March 2010 to allow redevelopment of land around the stadium. This may include adding more seats to make 60,000 in the stadium. Work on land around the stadium started in September 2010. The club is also talking with Manchester City Council to make a new lease on the stadium for the future.

paragraphs: Plans to build a stadium in east Manchester were made around 1990 as part of the city's bid to host the 2000 Summer Olympics. Manchester City Council paid for a design for an 80,000 seat stadium on a brownfield site known as "Eastlands". However, in October 1993, the games were awarded to Sydney, Australia. Manchester then made a successful bid to host the 2002 Commonwealth Games. They used the stadium plans from the Olympic bid. In 1996, the planned stadium competed with Wembley Stadium to gain funding to become the national stadium. The money was used to redevelop Wembley instead.

paragraphs: City of Manchester Stadium's foundation stone was laid by Prime Minister, Tony Blair, in December 1999. Construction began in January 2000. The stadium was designed by Arup and built by John Laing. The stadium cost about £110 million. £77 million of that was paid by Sport England and the rest was paid by the Manchester City Council. For the Commonwealth Games, the stadium had one lower level along three sides of the athletics track. There was a second level on the two sides. It had an open-air temporary stand at one end. The first public event at the stadium was the opening ceremony of the 2002 Commonwealth Games on 25 July 2002. Among the celebrities present at the ceremony was Queen Elizabeth II. During the ten days of competition, the stadium hosted all athletics events and the rugby sevens. Four Commonwealth records were set at the stadium, including the women's triple jump and the women's 5000 m.

paragraphs: After the Commonwealth Games, the stadium was changed so it could be used as a football stadium. Athletics events had been very successful at the Commonwealth Games. Athletics figures such as Jonathan Edwards and Sebastian Coe therefore criticised the decision to change the stadium into a football stadium. Redevelopment was called necessary to give the stadium a future. Sections of the track were removed and placed at other athletics stadiums. The ground level was lowered to make way for another level of seating. The temporary stand was taken apart. It was replaced with a permanent structure of similar design to the existing one at the southern end. This work took a year and added 12,000 seats. Manchester City F.C. moved to the new ground for the 2003–04 season. The change cost over £30 million. It was paid for by the football club.

paragraphs: The first public football match at the stadium was a friendly between Manchester City and Barcelona on 10 August 2003. Manchester City won the game 2–1. The first goal at the stadium was scored by Nicolas Anelka. The first competitive match followed four days later. It was a UEFA Cup game between Manchester City and Welsh Premier League side TNS. City won 5–0. Manchester City started the Premier League season with an away match. They beat Charlton 3–0. Their first home league match in their new stadium was not until 23 August. They drew 1-1 with Portsmouth. David Sommeil scored City's goal. Portsmouth's was scored by Yakubu Aiyegbeni. Their first Premier League win did not come until 14 September. Nicolas Anelka scored a hat-trick to help City beat Aston Villa 4–1. The record football attendance at the stadium is 47,348. It was set at a Premier League game against Chelsea on 5 December 2009.

paragraphs: The stadium has also hosted several other sporting events. It became the 50th stadium to host an England international football match when the English and Japanese national teams played on 1 June 2004. On 30 October of that year, it played host to a rugby league match between Great Britain and Australia in the Tri-Nations series. In June 2005, the stadium hosted England's opening game in the UEFA Women's Championship. It set an attendance record for the competition. It is rated as an elite stadium by UEFA. It hosted the 2008 UEFA Cup Final between Rangers and Zenit St Petersburg.

paragraphs: The stadium has a number of unofficial nicknames. "Eastlands" was used before the stadium was officially named. It is still commonly used. "City of Manchester Stadium" is sometimes abbreviated to "COMS" when written. "The Blue Camp", a pun on Barcelona's Nou Camp, has been used rarely. After the club was taken over by the Emirati Abu Dhabi United Group in 2008, some fans called the stadium "Middle Eastlands" as a joke. The stadium has generally received positive feedback from fans. It came in second behind Old Trafford in a 2005 poll to find the United Kingdom's favourite football ground. As Manchester City Council owns the stadium, it is also called the "Council House" by fans of City's rivals, Manchester United.

paragraphs: The stadium is owned by Manchester City Council. It is leased by the football club. The 2008 takeover made the football club the richest in the world. This led to rumors that the club could think about buying the stadium from the city.

paragraphs: The inside of the City of Manchester Stadium is a full oval bowl. It has three levels of seating at the sides and two levels at each end. While the seating is a full bowl, each side of the stadium has its own name. This is like other football grounds. At first, all sides of the stadium were named by compass direction ("North Stand" and "South Stand" for the ends, "East Stand" and "West Stand" for the sides). In February 2004, after a vote by fans, the West Stand was renamed the "Colin Bell Stand." It was named in honour of the former player. The vote was almost stopped, as it was taken over by rival fans. They hoped the stand would be nicknamed "The Bell End" (even though the stand is to the side, not at an end). However, fans of the club made it clear they wanted the name to stay. The South Stand was officially named the "Key 103 Stand" for sponsorship reasons from 2003 to 2006. Fans mostly ignored this name for it. Part of the North Stand is called the "Family Stand". It is reserved for supporters with children. The East Stand is unofficially known to fans as "the Kippax". It is named after the East Stand from Maine Road. Supporters of visiting teams sit in part of the South Stand. There are 68 executive boxes within the stadium. They are along the West, North and East Stands.

paragraphs: The stadium roof is toroidal (like a doughnut) in shape. It is suspended from steel cables attached to eight towers. These provide access to the upper level of seating via spiral ramps. The areas without seating in each corner have movable louvres. This allows for air to move through the pitch. Entry is gained by contactless smart card rather than the usual manned turnstile. This system can admit up to 1,200 people per minute around all entrances. A service tunnel running under the stadium provides access for emergency vehicles. It allows the visiting team's bus to enter the stadium directly. Inside the stadium are six themed restaurants. Two of restaurants have views of the pitch. There are also a number of conference facilities. The stadium is also licensed for marriage ceremonies.

paragraphs: The City of Manchester Stadium has a UEFA standard dimension pitch, . It has a natural grass pitch reinforced with artificial grass fibres made by Desso. There are 218 floodlights in the stadium. Each uses 2000 watts. In total they use 436,000 watts when they are all on.

paragraphs: The stadium is the centrepiece of an area known as Sportcity. It also includes several other sporting venues. Next to the stadium is the "Manchester Regional Arena". The Arena served as a warm-up track during the Commonwealth Games. It is now a 6,178 capacity venue that hosts national athletics trials and Manchester City reserve team games. The Manchester Velodrome and the National Squash Centre are close to the stadium. In September 2006, Manchester City received planning permission to build an wind turbine at the stadium. Designed by Norman Foster, the turbine was meant to give power for the stadium and nearby homes. Safety concerns about ice on the blades led to the proposal being stopped. From 2005 to 2009 a Thomas Heatherwick sculpture, "B of the Bang", was present in front of the stadium. Built to honor the success of the 2002 Commonwealth Games, it was the tallest sculpture in the UK. However, structural problems led to the sculpture being taken apart in 2009.

paragraphs: On 30 January 2007, it was announced that the UK's first Super Casino would be built in the Sportcity area close to the stadium.

paragraphs: Plans for this have since been stopped. It did receive authorisation from the Secretary of State for Culture, Media and Sport.

paragraphs: Many people called The 2002 Commonwealth Games a huge success with the stadium gaining positive reviews for its atmosphere and architectural design.

paragraphs: The City of Manchester Stadium has won a number of design awards. This includes the 2004 Royal Institute of British Architects Inclusive Design Award for inclusive building design, and the 2003 Institution of Structural Engineers Structural Special Award.

paragraphs: Manchester City's reaction to the stadium was a mix of positive and negative. Some fans were not too excited about moving from the famous Maine Road, Maine Road had a reputation for having a great atmosphere and character. Others were happy about the bigger stadium and move back to east Manchester where Manchester City formed. A 2007 Premier League fan poll found that fans thought views at the stadium were second best in the Premier League after the Emirates Stadium. But the stadium had a problem common in modern stadia; the atmosphere was rated as second lowest in the league by City fans. Fans of opposing teams have generally given positive feedback. The stadium came in second behind Old Trafford in a 2005 poll to find the United Kingdom's favourite football ground.

paragraphs: The City of Manchester Stadium is to the east of Manchester city centre. The stadium site itself has 2,000 parking spaces. Another 8,000 spaces in the area around the stadium are provided by local businesses and schools working with the football club. The nearest railway station is Ashburys. It is a 20-minute walk south of the stadium. Services are limited due to the small size of the station. Manchester Piccadilly, which serves mainline trains from London, Birmingham and Edinburgh, is a 30-minute walk away. Several special bus services serve the stadium when events take place.

paragraphs: An extension to the Metrolink tram system with a stop at the stadium was announced in 2000. However, after a government spending review, the plan was put on hold in July 2004. In July 2006, funding for the extension was reinstated, but for a shorter length. A Sportcity Metrolink station opened on 11 February 2013.

paragraphs: Outside the football season, the stadium hosts concerts. It is one of the UK's largest music venues. It has a maximum capacity of 60,000 for performances. The first concert at the stadium was a performance by the Red Hot Chili Peppers in 2004. They were supported by James Brown. Local band and vocal Manchester City supporters, Oasis, have played concerts at the stadium. One of their shows was featured on their DVD "Lord Don't Slow Me Down". Another Manchester act, Take That, also released a DVD of their performance at the stadium, "".

paragraphs: Other artists who have played the stadium are U2, Rod Stewart, Foo Fighters supported by Manic Street Preachers and The Futureheads, Bon Jovi & George Michael.

paragraphs: In June 2018, Taylor Swift played the first of her UK ‘Reputation Stadium Tour' over two nights.

paragraphs: Summer activities such as concerts and boxing matches often tear up the pitch. In 2008, end-of-season fixes, along with an early start to the football season, meant the pitch was not ready in time for the first scheduled home game. Because of this, Manchester City played their UEFA Cup first round qualifying match at Barnsley's Oakwell Stadium.


title: Craven Cottage

paragraphs: Craven Cottage is a football stadium in the Hammersmith area of London, England. It is the home ground of Fulham F.C. It is called Craven Cottage after the cottage in the corner of the stadium.


title: Emirates Stadium

paragraphs: The Emirates Stadium is a football stadium in London, England. It is the home stadium of Arsenal F.C. It is named after the airline Emirates.

paragraphs: The stadium was built from 2004 to 2006. It replaced the old Highbury stadium which had only 38,419 seats and was too small for the need of modern football.


title: Ewood Park

paragraphs: Ewood Park is a football stadium in Blackburn, England. It is the home stadium of Blackburn Rovers F.C.


title: Crushcrushcrush

paragraphs: Crushcrushcrush is a single released by Pop rock band Paramore from their second album RIOT!

paragraphs: In the music video you can see the band performing. They are some spies also and it plays on the lyric "They taped over your mouth scribbled out the truth with their lies you little spies"

paragraphs: Crushcrushcrush is a download in Rock Band.


title: Beechworth

paragraphs: Beechworth is a town in north-east Victoria, Australia., It was first settled in the gold rush of the mid-1850s. At the 2006 census, 3227 people lived in Beechworth.

paragraphs: Beechworth has many old buildings which have been well looked after. The town has changed from a gold field to a popular place for people to visit. Wine making is also an important activity around Beechworth.

paragraphs: The area was first used as a cattle farm by David Reid and was called Mayday Hills. In 1853 it was renamed Beechworth.

paragraphs: From 1852-1857, Beechworth was an important gold area. Thousands of people moved to the area to dig for gold. One group of miners found 14 lb (about 7 kg) of gold in one gold pan (a small metal dish used separate gold from the soil). Another group found 50 lb (approx. 25 kg) of gold in a week. In the first election in 1855, one candidate, Daniel Cameron, rode a horse with solid gold horse shoes through the main street. This event is the reason the logo for Beechworth is a golden horse shoe, and the ride is remembered every year with the Golden Horseshoe Festival.

paragraphs: Beechworth was a long way from the centre of colonial government in Melbourne, both in distance and time taken to get there. The railway was built to Beechworth in September 1876. By this time the miners had found most of the gold, and the town was no longer important. The rail line was closed in 1977 and the tracks were taken away, after 101 years of service. The rail line is now used as a walking and bicycle path.

paragraphs: In the gold rush, Beechworth had a tannery, jewelers, boot makers, a brewery, blacksmiths, and farm animal sale yards. It had schools, a convent, hotels, a prison with high stone walls, a hospital, a mental hospital, courthouse, police station, stage coach companies and a gunpowder magazine (building for storing gunpowder).

paragraphs: In the gold rush men and women came from the USA, England, Ireland, Scotland, Wales, and China. At one time more than 30,000 people lived in Beechworth. Gold mining camps started up up as thousands of miners rushed into areas such as Spring Creek, Reedy Creek, Silver Creek, the Nine Mile Creek and the Woolshed. The Chinese were not allowed live in Beechworth and so they lived on the edge of town. There were many rules and laws to try to control the Chinese miners. Beechworth Cemetery has a large number of early Chinese miners graves. There was a lot of unrest and complaints about having the Chinese goldminers around Beechworth.

paragraphs: Robert O'Hara Burke, leader of the Burke and Wills expedition was a policeman in Beechworth. He was the Senior Inspector of Police from 1854 to 1857.

paragraphs: The Burke Museum is in Loch Street and holds a lot of items on Beechworth and the local area. They have newspapers, photographs, artifacts, clothings, pictures, books on local history and other papers about the area. They have displays about the gold rush, Chinese miners and the gold diggings of the 1850s.

paragraphs: The bushranger Ned Kelly had many links to Beechworth. He was a prisoner in the gaol. He fought a famous boxing match with Isaiah 'Wild" Wright in behind a local hotel. Aaron Sherritt and Joe Byrne of the Kelly Gang came from the Woolshed gold field, near Beechworth. Twenty-one men, thought to be friends or relatives of the Kelly Gang were prisoners in the gaol. They were held without trial or evidence for over 3 months, by the Chief Commissioner of Police, Captain Standish.

paragraphs: Sadlier was a policeman who became famous in the hunt for Ned Kelly in the 1870s. He had been a policeman in Beechworth during the gold rush.

paragraphs: George B. Kerferd (1836-1889) lived in Beechworth and became a Premier of Victoria. He helped Beechworth get a railway to Melbourne.

paragraphs: Castieau (1831-1885)was the Prison Governor at Beechworth from 1856 to 1869. The prison, famous for its huge granite walls, was known as "Castieau's Castle". As the Governor of the Melbourne gaol in 1880 he was an official witness to the hanging of Ned Kelly.

paragraphs: In the gold rush Beechworth had 2 newspapers: "The Ovens and Murray Advertiser" and "The Constitution and Mining Intelligencer". "The Ovens and Murray Advertiser" is still a local paper printed each week.

paragraphs: Beechworth is a popular place for visitors. Items to see are Ned Kelly displays at the old court house, Burke Museum, waterfalls, Gun Powder Magazine, Newtown Bridge (Stone Bridge), Tail Race (Mining Race), Spring Creek Water Falls, Spring Creek Gorge, Beechworth Asylum ghost tours, lakes, old buildings, goldfields, walks, the Beechworth Bakery, brewery, the Beechworth lolly shop and night tours. The town is at the end of the Murray to the Mountains Rail Trail.


title: Hallelujah (Paramore song)

paragraphs: "Hallelujah" is a song released by Fueled by Ramen band Paramore it is the third track off their second album RIOT!


title: Collector, New South Wales

paragraphs: Collector is a small village in New South Wales, Australia. It is on the Federal Highway between Goulburn, New South Wales and the Australian Capital Territory and is 7km north of Lake George.

paragraphs: The area was first settled by Europeans in 1829. T.A. Murray started a farm and built a 12-room house on the land in 1837. A post office opened at Collector in 1848. The village is named after the Australian aboriginal name for the area, "colegadar". The village was by-passed by the Federal Highway in 1988.

paragraphs: The Bushranger Hotel in Collector was the site of the shooting of policeman, Constable Samuel Nelson on 26 Jan 1865, by John Dunn. Dunn was a bushranger and a member of Ben Hall's gang. The bushrangers were robbing the hotel when Nelson tried to stop them.

paragraphs: Other businesses in the village are: The Grapefoodwine Restaurant, Lynwood Café /Restaurant, Cafe Lerida of Lerida Estate Winery, Collector Art Gallery and Collector Quarries.

paragraphs: Collector is also famous for the sculpture Dreamers Gate by Tony Phantastes. He built it between 1993 and 1997 to as a memorial, among other things, to his father. It is a gothic sculpture made of cement and wire 24 metres long and 7 metres high. The artist and the Gunning Shire Council have been arguing over the sculpture since 1999. The council want the sculpture removed because it is unsafe.


title: Kivio

paragraphs: In computing, Kivio is a free diagramming software that is part of KOffice, an office suite for KDE.

paragraphs: Kivio is a flowcharting and diagramming program for the KOffice office suite, and has a user interface that looks like Microsoft Visio.


title: Diagramming software

paragraphs: Diagramming software is a computer program that is used to produce graphical diagrams.


title: Ottakring

paragraphs: Ottakring is part of Vienna. It is the 16th district of Vienna, created in 1893 from the villages of Ottakring and Neulerchenfeld. Ottakring can be reached by public transit; it is west of the city centre.

paragraphs: Today, there are fewer people in this district than in the past. In 1910, about 179,000 people lived there, but in 2019 there were only 103,000.

paragraphs: Josef Weinheber and Michael Häupl (the current mayor of Vienna) are some famous people from Ottakring.


title: Heuriger

paragraphs: Heuriger is a word that describes the wine of the current year, and the places which serve it. According to a law of 1784, the winemakers may serve their own current wine, without a special license. These restaurants are licensed according to laws of the Bundesland. In Vienna these laws date from 1975. Very often,these establishments also serve cheese and sausages, other meat products, certain kinds of fish, mixed pickles, eggs, various spreads (to put on breads) etc. Usually they only serve cold dishes.


title: Intertidal zone

paragraphs: Intertidal zones are coastal areas, the space between high and low tides. They often have rock, sand or mud that is under water at high tide, and above water at low tide.

paragraphs: Rock pools are common on some shores. These areas are often home to many species of crabs, shellfish, shallow water fish and many other animals. Many environmental things affect these areas, for example, waves, sunlight, salinity, wind, and water tide. About 300,000 species have been found in the intertidal zone. These species have to tolerate the pounding of waves, the changes in temperature, and the drying out at low tide.


title: St James' Park

paragraphs: St James' Park is a football stadium in Newcastle, England. It is the current home stadium of Newcastle United.

paragraphs: St.James' Park hosted three matches of the Euro 1996 and also hosted some matches during the 2012 Olympic Games and for the 2015 Rugby World Cup.

paragraphs: The stadium was used by many great musicians like The Rolling Stones, Bruce Springsteen & The E Street Band, Queen, Bob Dylan, Bryan Adams & Rod Stewart, among others.


title: Villa Park

paragraphs: Villa Park is a football stadium in Birmingham, England. It is the current home stadium of Aston Villa. The colour of the seats are blue and claret because Villa's traditional home colours are claret and blue. The ground is located near the border between the two Birmingham inner-city suburbs of Aston and Witton, and is at the northern edge of Aston Park. The stands are called the Holte End, the Doug Ellis Stand, the Trinity Road Stand and the North Stand.


title: DW Stadium

paragraphs: The DW Stadium is a football stadium in Wigan, Greater Manchester, England. It is the current home stadium of Wigan Athletic football club and the Wigan Warriors rugby league club. The stadium is named after the sportswear and fitness company "DWSportsfitness".

paragraphs: It opened in 1999 as JJB Stadium, from the "JJB Sports" sportswear company. The name changed in 2009 when Wigan Athletic owner Dave Whelan bought a chain of fitness clubs from JJB Sports and set up a new business, DWSportsfitness. The deal also gave Whelan stadium naming rights, and he changed its name to DW Stadium at that time.


title: White Hart Lane

paragraphs: White Hart Lane was a football stadium in London, England. It was the home stadium of Tottenham Hotspur. But due to plans by the club to build a new stadium, White Hart Lane has been demolished to make room for the new 60000 seat venue.


title: Hawthorne Heights

paragraphs: Hawthorne Heights are an American rock band. They formed in 2001 and were originally called "A Day in the Life" but later changed their name and lineup.

paragraphs: They have released three albums and a number of singles. Their album titled "Fragile Future" was released on August 5, 2008, in the United States and on August 11, 2008, in the United Kingdom. Their most recent album is called "Skeletons", and was made available on June 1, 2010. Their other albums include "If Only You Were Lonely" and "The Silence in Black and White". They spawned emo classics such as "Saying Sorry" and "Ohio Is for Lovers".

paragraphs: Casey Calvert, who played guitar and did the screaming for the band, died on November 24, 2007, and another member found him in the morning. They had to push back touring etc., and had started on a tour already and had big plans.

paragraphs: Later, another person in the band, Micah Carli, started doing the harsh death growl vocals for the band.

paragraphs: They have had many tours including the Never Sleep Again tour, the Warped Tour and Projekt Revolution. They played the Never Sleep Again tour with fellow band Silverstein.


title: Stadium of Light

paragraphs: The Stadium of Light is a football stadium in Sunderland, England. It is the current home stadium of Sunderland A.F.C. This stadium was officially inaugurated by the Prince Andrew, Duke of York, on the 30th July, in 1997, during a match between Sunderland A.F.C. and Ajax Amsterdam.

paragraphs: The Stadium of Light is a all seated stadium and mainly used for the league matches of Sunderland A.F.C. Beside this use there were some matches of national teams.

paragraphs: The Stadium is also used for concerts (for example Oasis, Take That and Pink). Also the graduation ceremony of the University of Sunderland is held in the stadium.

paragraphs: The record of visitors was in a league match versus Liverpool with 48,353 set 13 April 2002.


title: Lungfish

paragraphs: Lungfish (with plural, lungfish or lungfishes) are members of the subclass "Dipnoi". They are a sister group to the coelacanths and to the early lobe-finned fish which gave rise to the tetrapods. All these fish have paired appendages, fins or limbs, attached to a pelvis or shoulder by means of a single bone, the femur or humerus.

paragraphs: The living members of the group are special freshwater fish. They are the only living fish that have both lungs and gills. They need this because they live in small lakes and rivers that sometimes dry up. When this happens, these fish don't die, but they can survive in the mud, for up to 4 years. They use their lungs during this time. This is called aestivation, which is a type of dormancy.

paragraphs: Currently there 8 species of lungfish, six of them in Africa, one in South America and one in Australia.


title: Cellobiose

paragraphs: This word is from biochemistry and cellobiose is part of the disaccharide group of sugars. This sugar was called "cellose".

paragraphs: Cellobiose is made from cellulose, which comes from the cells of plants. Things that have a lot of cellulose are good for making cellobiose, like cotton or paper. Water and cellulose make cellobiose: this process is called hydrolysis.


title: Alfred Wegener

paragraphs: Alfred Lothar Wegener (1 November 1880 – 13 November 1930) was a German scientist and meteorologist. He is most notable for his theory of continental drift, which he proposed in December 1912. This was the idea that the continents were slowly drifting around the Earth. He also had ideas about why the continents drift, which other scientists thought were impossible. His hypothesis was not accepted until the 1950s. Then several discoveries gave evidence of continental drift, and of the actual causes.

paragraphs: Wegener was born in Berlin and in 1904 he earned his PhD in Astronomy at the University of Berlin. As a reserve officer of the German Army he was called up in 1914 to fight in World War I. He was severely wounded in Belgium and transferred to the army weather service. After the war he mainly did weather work.

paragraphs: The theory had been proposed before, more than once. The first time was by the mapmaker Abraham Ortelius in the 16th century.

paragraphs: Wegener used geologic, fossil, and glacial evidence from opposite sides of the Atlantic Ocean to support his theory of continental drift. For example, he said that there were geological similarities between the Appalachian Mountains in North America, and the Scottish Highlands. Also, he said that the rock strata in South Africa and Brazil were similar.

paragraphs: He believed these similarities could be explained only if these geologic features were once part of the same continent. Wegener said that because they are less dense, continents float on top of the denser rock of the ocean floor, and move across the ocean floor rock. Although continental drift explained many of Wegener's observations, he could not find scientific evidence to make a complete explanation of how continents move.

paragraphs: The British geologist Arthur Holmes championed the theory of continental drift at a time when it was unfashionable. He proposed in 1931 that the Earth's mantle contained convection cells that dissipated radioactive heat and moved the crust at the surface. His "Principles of Physical Geology", ending with a chapter on continental drift, was published in 1944.

paragraphs: However, most Earth scientists and palaeontologists did not believe Wegener's theory and thought it was foolish. Some critics thought that giant land bridges could explain the similarities among fossils in South America and Africa. Others argued that Wegener's theory did not explain the forces that would have been needed to move continents to such great distances. Wegener thought that the forces that moved the continents could be caused by the rotation of the Earth and stellar precession and that same forces made earthquakes and volcanic eruptions.

paragraphs: During the 1950s, in the mid-atlantic ridge discoveries of sea-floor spreading and magnetic reversal proved that Wegener's theory was real and led to the theory of plate tectonics, though his proposed causes were mistaken. Today geologists say that continents are actually parts of moving tectonic plates that float on the asthenosphere, a layer of partly molten rock.


title: Motte-and-bailey

paragraphs: A Motte-and-bailey is a kind of castle, or fortification. Many of them were built in the 11th and 12th century around Europe.

paragraphs: These structures were built on a hill (that was often artificial). On this hill, a strong keep or "motte" of wood or stone was built. There was a larger enclosed courtyard, or "bailey" surrounded by a protective ditch and palisade. They were quite easy to build with unskilled, often forced labour. All the same, they were significant and difficult to overcome.

paragraphs: If they were built of wood, this meant they could be burnt down. Also wood rots when it gets wet so the structure doesn't often last long and need lots of repairing. As time went by castles were made of stone, which is much stronger. These were surrounded by a ditch and protected with a stone wall.

paragraphs: Motte and bailey castles appeared in England after the Norman Conquest of 1066. They were a common feature in England by the death of William the Conqueror in 1087. Their construction was the start of what was to become a massive castle building programme in England and Wales. Motte and bailey castles have been around for eight centuries and are part of today's history.


title: Madison Lake, Minnesota

paragraphs: Madison Lake is a small town in Blue Earth County, Minnesota, United States. The population was 1,017 in the 2010 census.


title: Dinar

paragraphs: The Dinar is the name of the official currency in several countries. The word "dinar" (, , ) is derived from denarius, a Roman currency.


title: Wasatch Mountains

paragraphs: The Wasatch Range is a mountain range that stretches about from the Utah- Idaho border, south through central Utah in the western United States.


title: Jacob Zuma

paragraphs: Jacob Gedleyihlekisa Zuma (born 12 April 1942) in what is now Nkandla, KwaZulu-Natal is a South African politician. He has been the President of South Africa from 2009 to 2018.

paragraphs: In the 1960s, he was against the government of South Africa's policy of apartheid. He spent some time in prison on Robben Island for conspiring to overthrow the government.

paragraphs: In February 14, 2018 South Africa President Jacob Zuma resigned for a disputed disagreement instruction with the ruling African National Congress.

paragraphs: In 2005 he was charged with rape but he was found not guilty.

paragraphs: One of their traditions he follows is polygamy (having more than one wife). He has had six wives (one of them killed herself in 2000) and has fathered more than twenty children.

paragraphs: Zuma was the person to tell the public on December 5, 2013 that Nelson Mandela had died.

paragraphs: On the eve of the African National Congress having a vote of no confidence against him, Zuma resigned. A few weeks after he resigned, it was reported that he fathered a child with a 24 year old woman in a Durban hospital.


title: Cup of coffee

paragraphs: A cup of coffee is North American sports terminology for spending a short time by a minor league player at the major league level.


title: Inning

paragraphs: An inning, or innings, is a fixed-length section of a game in several sports – most notably cricket and baseball when one team would try to score while the other team would try to stop the first from scoring. In baseball, a team's turn to score is called a "half-inning" instead. A team's scoring turn ends in these sports when the players on the scoring team have been "put out" (made to leave the field because of their mistakes during gameplay) a certain number of times.

paragraphs: In cricket, a team's innings ends when they no longer have two players who are allowed to bat. This almost always happens when 10 of the 11 players on the team are out (batsmen who are put out are not allowed to bat again during the innings). A team's innings can also end when they have reached a time limit, or the ball has been legally thrown to their players to try to hit and score a certain number of times (as in T20 cricket, where each team is limited to 120 such throws), if the team had agreed to such limitations before the game. The term "innings" can also refer to a single batter's turn to bat, or the number of runs they score during their turn.


title: Industrial relations

paragraphs: The field of industrial relations (also called labor relations) looks at the relationship between management and workers, mostly groups of workers shown by a union.


title: The Michigan Daily

paragraphs: The Michigan Daily is the daily student newspaper of the University of Michigan. The first edition of the paper was published September 29, 1890.


title: Strikeout

paragraphs: In baseball or softball, a strikeout or strike out (denoted by SO or K) happens when a batter gets three strikes when at bat.


title: Conan O'Brien

paragraphs: Conan Christopher O'Brien (born April 18, 1963) is an American television host, comedian, writer, producer, musician, and voice actor. He is best known for hosting several late-night talk shows, the most recent of which, is "Conan", premiered on American cable television station TBS in 2010.

paragraphs: O'Brien was born in Brookline, Massachusetts. His father, Thomas Francis O'Brien, is a physician, epidemiologist, and professor of medicine at Harvard. His mother, Ruth O'Brien (née Reardon), is an attorney and partner at the Boston firm Ropes & Gray. He is the third of six children. O'Brien's family is Irish Catholic; some of his Irish ancestors immigrated before the American Civil War. In a "Late Night" episode, O'Brien paid a visit to County Kerry, Ireland, where his ancestors originated.

paragraphs: Conan got his first start in comedy as a writer for "Saturday Night Live" and "The Simpsons". Conan hosted "Late Night" from 1993 to 2009. In 2009, he replaced Jay Leno as host of "The Tonight Show". In 2010, NBC decided to give "The Tonight Show" back to Leno, which led to Conan leaving NBC. Many people were upset that Conan had to leave. After leaving "The Tonight Show", Conan grew a beard and went on a comedy tour. In November 10, he will host a late-night talk show on TBS called "Conan".


title: Alfred P. Sloan

paragraphs: Alfred Pritchard Sloan, Jr. (May 23, 1875 – February 17, 1966) was the president and chairman of General Motors.

paragraphs: Sloan was born in a business family. He passed the examination of Massachusetts Institute of Technology when he was very young. When he was 26 his father bought a bearing company and made him president. The company did well and Sloan became president of General Motors. He managed the company with a new combination of centralization and decentralization and led the company into prosperity.

paragraphs: Besides, he was a philanthropist who donated considerable money to charity.


title: Kenny Black

paragraphs: Kenneth George Black (born 29 November 1963) is a former professional footballer and current manager of Scottish club Airdrie United F.C..


title: John Brown (football player)

paragraphs: John Brown, also well known by his nickname "Bomber", (born January 26, 1962 in Stirling) is a former Scottish professional footballer, and former manager of Clyde.


title: Alex Rae

paragraphs: Alexander Scott Rae, (born September 30 1969 in Glasgow), is a professional footballer, who is currently player-manager at Dundee.


title: Jim McIntyre

paragraphs: James 'Jim' McIntyre (born 24 May 1972 in Alexandria, Dunbartonshire) is a Scottish footballer who is currently player-manager for Dunfermline Athletic in the Scottish First Division.


title: David Irons

paragraphs: David John Irons (born July 18 1961 in Glasgow) is a Scottish former professional footballer. His playing career spanned 26 years as a central defender or midfielder. He is currently manager of Scottish League club Greenock Morton.


title: Roberto Landi

paragraphs: Roberto Landi (born January 2, 1956 in Forlì) is an Italian football manager, currently in charge of Scottish First Division side Livingston.


title: Ian McCall

paragraphs: Ian Holland McCall (born 30 September 1964 in Dumfries, Scotland) is a former Scottish footballer and current manager. In 2015 he became manager of Ayr United.


title: Gordon Chisholm

paragraphs: Gordon Chisholm (born April 8 1960 in Glasgow, Scotland) is a former professional footballer. He is currently the manager of Scottish First Division club Dundee.


title: Derek Adams

paragraphs: Derek Adams (born 25 June 1975) is a former Scottish footballer. As of 2011 he is manager at Ross County.

paragraphs: He is the son of George Adams. George Adams is also a former player and is now the Director of Football at the Dingwall club.


title: Derek McInnes

paragraphs: Derek John McInnes (born 5 July 1971 in Paisley, Renfrewshire) is a former professional footballer and current manager of Bristol City.

paragraphs: McInnes featured prominently for Greenock Morton, Rangers, West Bromwich Albion and Dundee United during his playing career.

paragraphs: McInnes became manager of St. Johnstone in November 2007. He guided the club to promotion to the Scottish Premier League in 2009 and kept that status for two seasons. McInnes was made manager of Bristol City on 19 October 2011.


title: Airdrie

paragraphs: Airdrie is a town in North Lanarkshire, Scotland. It is home to Scottish First Division football team Airdrie United F.C..


title: Gynoecium

paragraphs: A gynoecium (from Ancient Greek "gyne", "woman") is the female reproductive parts of a flower. The male parts are called the androecium. Some flowers have both female and male parts, and some do not.

paragraphs: Another key term is carpel. Carpels are the building blocks of a pistil. The gynoecium may have one pistil or more. A pistil may have one carpel or more than one stuck together ("fused"). Carpels and pistils have three parts: a stigma at the top where the pollen lands; a style and an ovary. In the case of a pistil, the stigma, style, and ovary may be made up of those parts of more than one carpel, fused.

paragraphs: Plant ovaries are the parts of the gynoecium which (much like animal ovaries) contain ovules. The style is generally stalklike. It is between the ovary at the bottom and the stigma at the top. In some plants, there are no styles in the pistils. The stigma is the pollen receptor at the top of the carpel. Stigmas may be separate or they may be in a region called the "stigmatic region".

paragraphs: A carpel is the basic unit of the female reproductive organ of a flower (the gynoecium). The parts of the carpel are:

paragraphs: The ovule, when mature, has one or two coats round the central nucellus, except at the top where there is an opening, the micropyle. The nucellus is a tissue round one large cell, the megaspore. The one large cell divides, giving the egg and some other cells.

paragraphs: An example of a simple carpel is that of a pea, bean or "Arabidopsis": the fruit develops from the single carpel consisting of two rows of ovules aligned beside one another along the "placental" margin.

paragraphs: An alternative term for the female parts. This table shows how it is used:


title: Chase This Light

paragraphs: Chase This Light is an album by alternative rock band Jimmy Eat World. It was released on October 23, 2007.

paragraphs: Several singles came from this album including "Big Casino", "Always Be" and "Let It Happen".


title: Saves the Day

paragraphs: Saves the Day are a band who have played many genres of music during their career. They formed together in 1997, and have often changed their lineup, with singer Chris Conley being the only original member who is still in the band.

paragraphs: At first, Saves the Day was influenced heavily by melodic hardcore band Lifetime. At first, their songs had macabre lyrics and a lot of power chords. In 2001, they started to have more of a pop sound.

paragraphs: The band started to record a trilogy of albums in 2005. The first album, "Sound the Alarm" (2006), is more similar to the band's original sound than the band's previous albums. The second album, "Under the Boards", was released in fall 2007 and mixed together many previous records' sounds. "Daybreak", the concluding album in the trilogy, was released in 2011. They started recording it after a string of shows in late October 2008.


title: Jesus Christ Superstar

paragraphs: Jesus Christ Superstar is a rock opera. It is based on the Gospel accounts of Jesus. Tim Rice wrote the lyrics and Andrew Lloyd Webber wrote the music. "Superstar" premiered on 12 October 1971 at the Mark Hellinger Theatre on Broadway. It opened on the West End in 1972. It was released as a movie in 1973 starring Ted Neeley and Carl Anderson.


title: Cumbernauld

paragraphs: Cumbernauld is a town in North Lanarkshire, Scotland. It is home to the Scottish First Division football team, Clyde F.C..


title: Livingston

paragraphs: Livingston is a town in the Scottish county of West Lothian. It is home to the Scottish Premiership football club Livingston F.C.


title: Dunfermline

paragraphs: Dunfermline (Scottish Gaelic: Dùn Phàrlain) is a town in Fife, Scotland. It sits on high ground three miles from the northern shore of the Firth of Forth, northwest of Edinburgh, and was an ancient capital of Scotland. It is home to Dunfermline Athletic F.C. who play at East End Park.


title: Greenock

paragraphs: Greenock (Gaelic "Grianaig," is a large town in the Inverclyde council area of western Scotland.

paragraphs: Greenock's population was recorded as being 45,467 in the 2001 census, a decrease from about 78,000 in 1966. It lies on the south bank of the Clyde at the "Tail of the Bank" where the River Clyde expands into the Firth of Clyde, and is in what was the county of Renfrewshire.


title: Dumfries

paragraphs: Dumfries is a former royal burgh and town within the Dumfries and Galloway council area of Scotland. Its name means either "fort" or "ridge of the thicket."

paragraphs: Dumfries was the county town of the former county of Dumfriesshire. It has a population of 49,883. This makes Dumfries one of the largest non-city areas in Scotland.

paragraphs: Its nickname is "Queen of the South", which is also the name of its local football team Queen of the South F.C..

paragraphs: Dumfries is close to the Solway Firth, near the mouth of the River Nith. The River Nith runs through the centre of the town.

paragraphs: The eastern side of Dumfries has the DG1 post code, while the western side of the town has the DG2 postcode.

paragraphs: Dumfries has four main high schools, with three being in DG1.

paragraphs: There is one primary school per key district.

paragraphs: There is one college in the town, while the University of west of Scotland and the open university is on the same campus. Glasgow University also has a campus on the same site.


title: Inter Milan

paragraphs: Football Club Internazionale Milano, simply known as Inter and colloquially known as Inter Milan outside Italy is an Italian football club that plays in Serie A. Their home stadium is the Stadio Giuseppe Meazza. They are also the only Italian team to win the treble.

paragraphs: This club is well known as a strong team in Europe. And their nickname is "Nerazzurri" which results from Nero and Azzurro. Nero means Black and Azzurro means Blue in Italy.


title: Enzo Scifo

paragraphs: Enzo Scifo (born 19 February 1966) is a former Belgian football player. He has played for Belgium national team.


title: Peter Bonetti

paragraphs: Peter Phillip Bonetti (27 September 1941 – 12 April 2020) was an English football player. He played for England national team.

paragraphs: Bonetti died on 12 April 2020, aged 78, following a long illness.


title: Alan Shearer

paragraphs: Alan Shearer (born 13 August 1970) is a retired English footballer and BBC football pundit. He played for England national team, and club teams: Southampton, Blackburn Rovers and Newcastle United. He won the Premier League with Blackburn in the 1994/95 season. He is the person who has scored the most goals in the Premier League, as well as the 4th most goals for England. He played as a striker and was very good at taking penalties, and being at the right place at the right time in the goal area, so he scored many goals that were easy to score, but he had to be smart to be there at the right time. Shearer is considered a legend in his hometown of Newcastle, and he is well respected in the rest of England as well because of his good playing for England. He also managed Newcastle for the last eight games of the 2008/2009 Premier League season. The team only got five points out of 28 possible points and were relegated to the championship for the 2009/2010 season.


title: Dingwall

paragraphs: Dingwall is a town in the north of Scotland. It is home to the local football club, Ross County F.C.


title: Excelsior Stadium

paragraphs: The Excelsior Stadium is the home of Airdrie United F.C. of the Scottish First Division. The ground is named as such as a tribute to the fact that Airdrieonians began life as Excelsior Football Club in 1878.

paragraphs: When the stadium first opened it was officially titled Shyberry Excelsior Stadium ("Shyberry" being the company who sponsored the stadium when it first opened). Now, though, even the name "Excelsior Stadium" is rarely used by Airdrie United supporters as well as opposing fans and even the media as the stadium has instead come to be referred to as New Broomfield which is more palatable from an Airdrie perspective due to its association with the former home of Airdrieonians, Broomfield Park.


title: Ruud Gullit

paragraphs: Ruud Gullit (born 1 September 1962) is a Dutch former football player. He has played for the Netherlands national team.


title: Zbigniew Boniek

paragraphs: Zbigniew Kazimierz Boniek (born 3 March 1956) is a former Polish football player. He has played for Poland national team.


title: Broadwood Stadium

paragraphs: Broadwood Stadium is an association football stadium in Cumbernauld, North Lanarkshire, Scotland.

paragraphs: The stadium currently plays host to the home matches of Scottish First Division side, Clyde F.C., and the home matches of Scottish Premier Reserve League side Rangers Reserves.


title: Dens Park

paragraphs: Dens Park is a football stadium on Dens Road in the Scottish city of Dundee.

paragraphs: The stadium is the home of Dundee F.C. and has a capacity of 11,856. Uniquely, the stadium shares part of the same road (Sandeman Street) as Tannadice, which is the home of city rivals Dundee United F.C.

paragraphs: The club moved to 'Dens' from their first stadium at Carolina Port in 1899. Over the years, the ground has been redeveloped, with the construction of the near-identical Bobby Cox and Bob Shankly stands, which sit at either end of the ground. The former is given over to home supporters, and the latter to visiting supporters.


title: 32X

paragraphs: The Sega 32X is a game console first released by Sega in 1994. It was an add on for the Sega Mega Drive and was Sega's first console in the 32-bit games market. In Japan, it was called the Sega Super 32X. In North America, it was called the Sega Genesis 32X. In Europe and Australia, it was called the Sega Mega 32X.

paragraphs: The Sega 32X was an unpopular console and had poor sales, mostly due to there being only a handful of games made for it and because it was overshadowed by the Sega Saturn.


title: Sega CD

paragraphs: The Sega CD, also called the in most places outside of North America, was a CD-based console add-on for the Sega Genesis. It was made by Sega. It was released in December 12, 1991 in Japan, October 15, 1992 in North America, and April 2, 1993 in Europe. It was 16-bit and Sega's first product in CD market. It was somewhat successful, but was criticized for the lack of quality games.


title: Amiga CDTV

paragraphs: The Amiga CDTV was a high-end game console and a home computer released by Commodore in March 1991.

paragraphs: The console was one of the first CD-based independent game consoles. However it was a commercial failure and was replaced by the Amiga CD32 in 1993.


title: Vilanova i la Geltrú

paragraphs: Vilanova i la Geltrú is a coastal town approximately south of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.


title: Commodore International

paragraphs: Commodore is the common name for Commodore International Limited, a U.S. computer and electronics manufacturing company. Headquarters were in West Chester, Pennsylvania. In the 1960s and 70s they made adding machines and calculators. This company was important in the development of the home–personal computer in the late 1970s and 1980s. Commodore developed the first color computer sold under $300, known as the VIC-20 in 1981. The company sold about 22 million Commodore 64 machines, introduced in 1982. It is believed to be the biggest-selling computer in history. Commodore later released the Amiga computers in 1985. The company went bankrupt in 1994.


title: Commodore 64 Games System

paragraphs: Commodore 64 Games System (often abbreviated C64GS) was a cartridge based console made by Commodore International. It was Commodore's first console and was released in December 1990. It was a commercial failure because Commodore could not market the console properly due to its lack of games and the fact it was an 8-bit console in a 16-bit era.


title: East End Park

paragraphs: East End Park is a football stadium in Dunfermline, Fife, Scotland.

paragraphs: The stadium currently plays host to the home matches of Scottish First Division side, Dunfermline Athletic Football Club.


title: Cappielow

paragraphs: Cappielow is a district of Greenock in Inverclyde, west central Scotland. It is home to Scottish Football League side Greenock Morton F.C. The name Cappielow, usually refers to the Cappielow Park stadium, but it can also mean a small area of housing or the nearby industrial estate.


title: Almondvale Stadium

paragraphs: Almondvale Stadium is a football stadium in Livingston, West Lothian. It is the home of Scottish First Division club Livingston F.C..

paragraphs: The stadium, which used to be called the ""City Stadium"" because of a deal with the City Group, was built in 1995. It had also previously been called the ""West Lothian Courier Stadium"". Since the club was taken over by the Lionheart Consortium, it was changed back to its original name, Almondvale Stadium.

paragraphs: It is hired by Livingston FC from West Lothian Council every year. As Livingston moved up the divisions into the top flight of Scottish Football, they expanded the stadium to meet Premier League standards.


title: FM Towns Marty

paragraphs: The FM Towns Marty was the world's first 32-bit game console (not the Amiga CD32, which was only in Europe and North America). It was one of the first CD-based consoles and the first made for gaming rather than high-end PC-like systems, like the Amiga CDTV and Phillips CDi. It was only released in Japan and was a commercial failure, but despite this, it was made until 1999 – longer than the average games console.


title: Firhill Stadium

paragraphs: Firhill Stadium is the home ground of the Scottish association football club, Partick Thistle F.C.

paragraphs: In December 2005 Firhill also became the temporary home of Glasgow's professional Rugby Union team, Glasgow Warriors, when they moved from their previous base at Hughenden. The Glasgow Warriors will take up a two-year residency at Firhill from the start of the 2007-08 Magners League season.


title: Palmerston Park

paragraphs: Palmerston Park is a multi-use stadium on Terregles Street in Dumfries, South West Scotland. The site of the ground was formerly a farm called Palmers Toun. This is on the Maxwelltown side of the River Nith in Dumfries. It is currently used mostly for football matches and is the home ground of Queen of the South F.C. The stadium holds 6,412 people. It also holds the record of having the tallest free standing floodlights in Scottish football, standing at 85 feet.


title: CD-i

paragraphs: CD-i was a CD-based data storage format that was mostly created by Philips. It was designed to hold programs, similar to CD-ROM. The first CD-i player, the CDI 910/205, was released by Philips in 1991. Along with consoles such as the FM Towns Marty and the Amiga CDTV, the CD-i is one of the first CD-based consoles. The CD-i was a bit of a commercial failure, but still had a long lifespan, with the last one being made in 1998, with its last game, Solar Crusade, coming out in 1999. The reason of its failure was most likely due to a lack of third party support, mediocre games, the hated Link and Mario games, and a high selling price along with all the reasons listed before.


title: Victoria Park

paragraphs: Victoria Park is a football stadium in the town of Dingwall, Ross-shire, Scotland. It is the home stadium of Ross County F.C. who play in the Scottish First Division.

paragraphs: There are two stands, the West and East Stands, which have covered seats and two standing-only terraces known as the Academy End and Jailend. It has a total capacity of 5800 (2590 seated), so does not meet Scottish Premier League standards.

paragraphs: The Highland Football Academy is behind the Academy End and an "Astroturf" (fake grass) pitch is next to the East Stand. To date, the board have spent more than £3.5 million on renovating the stadium and plans are being made to create a modern all-seater stadium suitable for the Premier League.

paragraphs: The stadium holds more people than the town of Dingwall, which had a population of 5,026 at the last census.


title: Nintendo 64DD

paragraphs: The Nintendo 64DD (DD meaning Disk Drive) was a magnetic disk add-on for the Nintendo 64. It was considered too late in the fifth generation and flopped on its release in Japan in 1999. When it came out, the Dreamcast had already been released and soon for Nintendo fans the GameCube was developed with a built-in CD drive. For these reasons, it flopped, and only few games were ever released for it. It was discontinued in February 2001. The console was released only in Japan. Games such as "Super Mario 64 2" (the sequel to Nintendo 64's 1996 game, "Super Mario 64") were planned, but were cancelled. Instead, in 2004, an enhanced Nintendo DS remake called "Super Mario 64 DS" and was released the same day as the original "DS" and featured more characters, more stars, and better graphics. Only four "Mario" games were released on the 64 Disk Drive, all from the "Mario Artist" series.


title: McDiarmid Park

paragraphs: McDiarmid Park is the home stadium of St. Johnstone Football Club from Perth, Scotland. It has an all-seated capacity of 10,673. The record attendance is 10,525, which occurred on May 23, 1999, when Tayside rivals Dundee were the visitors for the last game of the season.


title: Karbon14

paragraphs: Karbon14 (also known as Kontour, which was known KIllustrator) is a vector graphics editor. It is pat of KOffice, the KDE office suite.


title: Leonese language

paragraphs: Leonese language ("Llionés" in Leonese) is the language of León and Zamora, both in Spain, and Bragança, in Portugal. A Romance language, Leonese was the language of the Kingdom of León in the Middle Ages.

paragraphs: Leonese is recognised by the UN as "seriously endangered" and is officially recognised by Castile and León.

paragraphs: Leonese is taught in sixteen schools in the cirt of León, and there are lessons for adults in several villages in the provinces of León and Zamora.

paragraphs: For approximately fifteen years, some cultural associations have offered courses in Leonese, sometimes with the support or collaboration of local administrations in the provinces of Leon and Zamora. There was never collaboration by Castile and León. The courses have taken place mostly with difficulty, without continuity or by unqualified teachers and very often, far from where Leonese is spoken.

paragraphs: The language has five vowels in a stressed position, represented by "a, e, i, o" and "u", and three (two archiphonemes /I/, /U/ and one phoneme /a/) in a nonstressed position, represented by "e, u, "and "a" at the end of word.

paragraphs: UNESCO, in its "Atlas of Languages in Danger in the World", places Leonese among languages in danger.

paragraphs: Leonese is classified in the worst of the possible situations whose characteristics are:

paragraphs: Literature written in Leonese started in the Middle Ages and is still written today. The first written text in Leonese is the "Nodicia of Kesos" (959 or 974), found in Ardón. Other works in Leonese include the "Fueru de Llión", "Fueru de Salamanca", "Fueru Xulgu", "Códice d'Alfonsu XI", "Disputa d'Elena y María" and "Llibru d'Alixandre".

paragraphs: Important writers are Torres Naharro, Juan del Encina, and Lucas Fernández. Some writers like Caitano Bardón ("Cuentos en Dialecto Leonés"), Luis Maldonado or Aragón Escacena ("Entre brumas") restarted the Leonese literature in the early 20th century. Today, important writers include Eva González in the last 20th century or Abel Pardo, Xuasús González, Adrianu Martín or Félix Llópez.


title: Good Girl Gone Bad

paragraphs: Good Girl Gone Bad is the third studio album released by Barbadian recording artist Rihanna. The singles from the album include (from the original version of the album) "Umbrella", "Breakin' Dishes", "Shut Up and Drive", "Hate That I Love You", "Don't Stop the Music", and "Rehab". The album is a change from the reggae sound of Rihanna's previous albums for a more pop, dance-pop and R&B album.

paragraphs: Rihanna did a worldwide concert tour on September 15, three months after the release of the album. The tour had three parts with sixty-one shows. It ended on April 5, 2008. The first part of the tour began in Canada. It included eleven shows across the country with Akon. The tour later went through United States and Europe without Akon.

paragraphs: Supporting acts for the tour were Akon, Ciara and David Jordan.

paragraphs: Credits for "Good Girl Gone Bad" adapted from AllMusic.


title: Judd Apatow

paragraphs: Judd Apatow (born December 6, 1967) is an American movie producer, director, and screenwriter. He is best known for producing a distinct series of critically and commercially successful comedy movies, including "" (2004), "The 40-Year-Old Virgin" (2005), "" (2006), "Knocked Up", "Superbad" (both 2007), "Forgetting Sarah Marshall", "Step Brothers" and "Pineapple Express" (all 2008).


title: Interstate 182

paragraphs: Interstate 182 (sometimes called I-182) is a 15.19-mile longInterstate Highway in the state of Washington, going into the Tri-Cities. The road goes from Interstate 82 west of Richland to U.S. Route 12 in Pasco. It runs along U.S. Route 12 from Interstate 82 to U.S. Route 12, Washington State Route 240 through Richland, and U.S. Route 395 in Pasco.


title: Interstate 84 (west)

paragraphs: Interstate 84 (sometimes called I-84) is a long Interstate Highway in the states of Oregon, Idaho, and Utah. The road goes from Interstate 5 in Portland, Oregon to Interstate 80 in Echo, Utah. There is another road with the same name in the eastern part of the country.


title: Ellensburg, Washington

paragraphs: Ellensburg is a city in the state of Washington.


title: Tri-Cities, Washington

paragraphs: The Tri-Cities are a group of 3 cities in Washington. They are Richland, Pasco, and Kennewick.


title: Umatilla, Oregon

paragraphs: Umatilla is a city in the state of Oregon. It was the former county seat of Umatilla County. Its population was 6,906 at the 2010 United States Census.


title: Hermiston, Oregon

paragraphs: Hermiston is a city in the state of Oregon.


title: Richland, Washington

paragraphs: Richland is a city in the state of Washington.


title: Pasco, Washington

paragraphs: Pasco is a city in the state of Washington.


title: Selah, Washington

paragraphs: Selah is a city in the state of Washington.


title: Union Gap, Washington

paragraphs: Union Gap is a city in the state of Washington.


title: Zillah, Washington

paragraphs: Zillah is a city of Yakima County in the state of Washington in the United States. 2,198 people were living in Zillah as of 2000.


title: Granger, Washington

paragraphs: Granger is a city in the state of Washington.


title: Sunnyside, Washington

paragraphs: Sunnyside is a city in the state of Washington.


title: Grandview, Washington

paragraphs: Grandview is a city in the state of Washington in the United States. The population of the city was 8,377 at the 2000 census.

paragraphs: Grandview was incorporated on September 21, 1909. It began as the midway point on the rail line between Prosser and Sunnyside.

paragraphs: It has a total area of 5.4 square miles (14.0 km²). The whole of it is land.

paragraphs: As of the census of 2000, there were 8,377 people, 2,431 houses, and 1,956 families in the city. The density was 1,552.3 people per square mile. There were 51.12% White, 0.58% African American, 0.94% Native American, 0.94% Asian, 0.11% Pacific Islander, 43.27% from other races, and 3.03% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 68.04% of the population.

paragraphs: There were 2,431 households out of which 49.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them. 60.0% were married couples living together. 14.6% had a female householder with no husband present. 19.5% were non-families. 16.6% of all households were made up of individuals and 7.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.40 and the average family size was 3.80.

paragraphs: In the city the population was spread out with 36.2% under the age of 18, 11.3% from 18 to 24, 27.0% from 25 to 44, 16.1% from 45 to 64, and 9.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The average age was 27 years. For every 100 females there were 98.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 96.6 males.

paragraphs: The average income for a household in the city was $32,588, and the average income for a family was $36,165. Males had a median income of $29,321 versus $21,959 for females. The per capita income for the city was $12,489. About 16.0% of families and 20.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 26.0% of those under age 18 and 17.6% of those age 65 or over.


title: Prosser, Washington

paragraphs: Prosser is a city in the state of Washington.


title: Music of the Sun

paragraphs: Music of the Sun is the first studio album released by Barbadian recording artist Rihanna. The album was released in August 2005 by Def Jam and SRP with the singles "Pon de Replay" and "If It's Lovin' that You Want. The album features a wide range types of music, including dancehall, reggae and R&B and features guest appearances from Vybz Kartel, Kardinal Offishall, J-Status and Elephant Man.

paragraphs: Credits for "Music of the Sun" are adapted from AllMusic.


title: Benton City, Washington

paragraphs: Benton City is a city in the state of Washington. About 2,600 people live in Benton City as of 2002.


title: Pon de Replay

paragraphs: "Pon de Replay" is the debut single recorded by Barbadian recording artist Rihanna, from her debut studio album "Music of the Sun" (2005). It was written and produced by Vada Nobles, Alisha "M'Jestie" Brooks, Carl Sturken and Evan Rogers. Her debut single, the song was released on May 24, 2005 as the lead single from the album. It is a dancehall, reggae and R&B song that means "play it again" in one of Barbadoss official langauges.

paragraphs: The song peaked at number 2 on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100, becoming her first Top 5 single; it also peaked at number 1 in New Zealand, number 2 in the UK and at number 6 and number 7 in Australia and Canada, respectively. The beat for "Pon de Replay" was also used in Natasja Saad's hit "Mon De Reggae". Pon de Replay was also a major dance hit topping both the Hot Dance Music/Club Play and the Dance Radio Airplay chart for 2 weeks. It also performed well on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Singles & Tracks charts peaking at #24; most of its chart points had been received from airplay from pop stations and from its digital downloads. In an unusual situation, the track reached #6 on the Hot Rap Tracks, an unlikely supporter of the song. On the non-Billboard chart, ARC Top 40, the track also hit #1. Pop girl group Girl Authority covered the song in 2006 for their debut album. The song was the 21st best sell of 2005 with 3,970,000 units sold.

paragraphs: The hit single, "Pon de Replay" was first made public in the mainstream media on March 17, 2005 by publicist, Jonathan Hay through co-producer Vada Nobles on MTV News.

paragraphs: In the music video, directed by Little X, Rihanna and her friends arrive at the club where everybody is bored and not dancing because of the low music. Rihanna steps up and sings the song, causing the DJ to turn the music up and everybody to start dancing. The music video also features Rihanna doing some belly dancing moves. The music video was also popular receiving much play from MTV and BET. It peaked at #2 on MTV's "Total Request Live" spending 37 days on the countdown; it was not able to retire due to the early introduction of the music video for her second single, "If It's Lovin' That You Want". The video reached #4 on BET's "106 & Park" and remained on the countdown for over 20 days.

paragraphs: "Weird Al" Yankovic covered part of the song in his polka medley Polkarama! from the album "Straight Outta Lynwood".


title: Kennewick, Washington

paragraphs: Kennewick is a city in the state of Washington.


title: Plymouth, Washington

paragraphs: Plymouth is an unincorporated community found in Benton County of the state of Washington in the United States.


title: Outlaw

paragraphs: An outlaw or bandit is a person who is "outside the law" usually because they have committed serious crimes.

paragraphs: A longtime criminal can be declared an "outlaw", which means the outlaw cannot use the legal system to protect himself if needed.


title: Kittitas County, Washington

paragraphs: Kittitas County is a county in the U.S. state of Washington. The county seat is Ellensburg, Washington. In 2005, 36,841 people lived there. The county includes of which 2,297 are land (the rest is water). The highest point is Mount Daniel at .


title: Yakima County, Washington

paragraphs: Yakima County is a county in the U.S. state of Washington. The county seat is Yakima, Washington.


title: Benton County, Washington

paragraphs: Benton County is a county in the U.S. state of Washington. The county seat is Benton City, Washington.


title: Umatilla County, Oregon

paragraphs: Umatilla County () is a county in the U.S. state of Oregon. The county seat is Umatilla. In 2005, 73,878 people lived there. The county includes 3,231 square miles (8,369 km) of which 3,215 is land and the rest is water.


title: Cell

paragraphs: In biology, the cell is the basic structure of organisms. All cells are made by the division of other cells.

paragraphs: The environment outside the cell is separated from the cytoplasm inside the cell by the cell membrane. Inside some cells, parts of the cell stay separate from other parts. These separate parts are called organelles (like small organs). They each do different things in the cell. Examples are the nucleus (where DNA is), and mitochondria (where chemical energy is converted).

paragraphs: There are two basic kinds of cells: prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells. Prokaryotes, bacteria and archaea, are simple cells that have no cell nucleus. They do have bacterial microcompartments.

paragraphs: Eukaryotes are complex cells with many organelles and other structures in the cell. They are larger than prokaryote cells: they can be as much as 1000 times greater in volume. Eukaryotes store their genetic information (DNA) on chromosomes in the cell nucleus. Organisms (living things) which are made up of multiple cells are eukaryotes.

paragraphs: The only kinds of prokaryotic organisms alive at present are bacteria and archaea. Prokaryotic organisms evolved before eukaryotic organisms, so at one point the world consisted of nothing but prokaryotic organisms. There are also viruses, which are hard to classify, but cause some important diseases. Viruses are made of RNA, or DNA, and protein, and they reproduce themselves inside the cells of bacteria or eukaryotes.

paragraphs: Unicellular organisms are made up of one cell. Examples of unicellular organisms are:

paragraphs: Multicellular organisms are made from many cells. They are complex organisms. This can be a small number of cells, or millions or trillions of cells. All plants and animals are multicellular organisms. The cells of a multicellular organism are not all the same. They have different shapes and sizes, and do different work in the organism. The cells are specialized. This means they do only some kinds of work. By themselves, they cannot do everything that the organism needs to live. They need other cells to do other work. They live together, but cannot live alone.

paragraphs: Cells were discovered by Robert Hooke (1635–1703). He used a compound microscope with two lenses to look at the structure of cork, and to look at leaves and some insects. He did this from about 1660, and reported it in his book "Micrographica" in 1665. He named cells after the Latin word "cella", meaning room. He did this because he thought cells looked like small rooms.

paragraphs: Many other naturalists and philosophers tried out the new instrument. The structure of plants was investigated by Nehemiah Grew (1641–1712) and Marcello Malpighi (1628–1694). Grew's major work was "The anatomy of plants" (1682). It is not clear who first saw animal cells, Malpighi, Jan Swammerdam (1637–1680) or Antonie van Leeuwenhoek (1632–1723).

paragraphs: Leeuwenhoek's discoveries and drawings of 'little animalcules' opened up a whole new world for naturalists. Protozoa, and microorganisms generally were discovered, and the discoveries about them are still going on today. Christian Gottfried Ehrenberg's book "Die Infusionsthierchen" summarised what was known in 1838. Lorenz Oken (1779–1851) in 1805 wrote that infusoria (microscopic forms) were the basis of all life.

paragraphs: The idea that cells were the basis of the larger forms of life came in the 18th century. Finding out who did the work has taken some time:

paragraphs: The cell theory includes these important ideas:

paragraphs: The body cells of metazoans divide by simple mitotic cell division. Sexual reproduction is ancestral in eukaryotes, and in metazoa it is carried out by specialised sex cells. They are produced by a process called meiosis.

paragraphs: Prokaryotic cells reproduce using binary fission, where the cell simply splits in half. For both mitosis and binary fission the cell must replicate (copy) all its genetic information (DNA) so that each new cell will have a copy.


title: Cartomancy

paragraphs: Cartomancy is the study of reading cards for fortune-telling or divination. There are many different types of cards used for cartomancy, some of which include standard playing cards and the tarot.

paragraphs: Tarot cards are similar to a standard deck of playing cards. In fact, Tarot predates regular playing cards, and might have been the basis for them. The major difference between playing cards and tarot is that tarot decks contain 22 extra cards called the Major Arcana, which are primarily used to read fortunes.

paragraphs: Some Spanish-speaking countries like Mexico use cards similar to bingo for fortune-telling. They call this practice Lotería. Because the game was invented in Italy, Lotería gets its name from the Italian word for lottery.


title: Borscht

paragraphs: Borscht (, , Lithuanian: "barščiai", ) is a type of sour red beet soup eaten in Eastern European countries, such as Russia, Romania, Poland, Belarus, Lithuania and Ukraine. It contains red beets, sausage, onion and cabbage. Borscht soup is usually eaten with a piece of black bread. It is also eaten in central Asian countries like Kazakhstan and Turkmenistan.


title: Visconti-Sforza tarot deck

paragraphs: The Visconti-Sforza tarot deck is the oldest known tarot deck. It was ordered to be made in the 15th century by Filippo Maria Visconti who was then the Duke of Milan. The name of the deck is used to describe various decks that have survived over time.


title: Thoth tarot deck

paragraphs: The Thoth tarot deck is a tarot deck painted by Lady Frieda Harris at the request of Aleister Crowley. Crowley referred to this deck as "The Book of Thoth", and wrote a book with the same title of use with the deck.


title: Tlaxcala

paragraphs: Tlaxcala is the smallest state in Mexico with about a million people. It is in central Mexico, east of Mexico (state) and west of Puebla (state).


paragraphs: The International Alliance of Research Universities (IARU) was a program launched in January 2006 as a leading co-operative network of 10 international research-intensive universities. The president of the IARU is Australian National University Vice-Chancellor Professor Ian Chubb.


title: Rod Serling

paragraphs: Rodman "Rod" Serling (December 25, 1924 – June 28, 1975) was American screenwriter, radio and television narrator and producer. He is best known for producing and hosting the television series "The Twilight Zone". In 1973 and 1974, he hosted a syndicated radio program.

paragraphs: After three emergency surgeries, Serling died during surgery on 28 June 1975 from heart problems. He was buried on July 2 1975 in Interlaken, New York. He was married to Carolyn Kramer.

paragraphs: In 1994, computers were used to have him host a television movie of the "Twilight Zone" using old images of him.


title: Masoretic Text

paragraphs: The Masoretic Text is a copy of the Hebrew Bible that was written by the Masoretes between the 6th and 10th centuries.

paragraphs: The Masoretic Text is an authority because it is the source for most translations of the Hebrew Bible or the Old Testament.

paragraphs: Before the first century CE, there were some small differences between copies of the Hebrew Bible. During first century CE, Jewish Bible specialists agreed on the same words, a process called standardisation.

paragraphs: Between about 100 and 300 CE, a group of Jewish Bible specialists called the Tannaim copied this Hebrew Bible. Then between about 300 and 500 CE, another group of Jewish Bible specialists called the Amoraim continued the work of the Tannaim. The Masoretes then continued the Amoraim's work for the next 500 years.

paragraphs: The Masoretes were very careful when they copied the Bible. When they thought there was a mistake in the work of the Amoraim or the other specialists, they wrote a note in the side of the book, rather than change the book. After they copied a book, they counted the verses, words and letters in each book to make sure there were no mistakes.

paragraphs: The Masoretes also added vowel points to make the Bible easier to read because the Hebrew writing does not show vowels.

paragraphs: There were two main places where Masoretes worked: Babylon and Israel. The Masoretes also wrote book about the Bible called the Masorah.


title: Golant

paragraphs: Golant is a small village in Cornwall, United Kingdom. It is in the parish of St Sampson on the banks of the Fowey estuary and between St. Austell and Polperro. The church in the villiage is dedicated to St. Sampson.

paragraphs: Golant railway station was at one time by the river to the south of the village. It was served by trains on the Great Western Railway's Fowey branch line from 1 July 1896 until 4 January 1965. The station has since been removed. The space is now used for a car park.

paragraphs: Annie Vernon, the Olympic rower, first learned her sport at Golant's Castle Dore Rowing Club.

paragraphs: Until very recently, Golant has been almost unknown except to the people who live there and pilgrims and other walkers of the Saints' Way. Nearby, there is a little used ford across the Fowey estuary. In late summer 1644, during the first English Civil War, war came to Golant and the area around the village. A large group of about 10,000 Parliamentary soldiers fought against the forces of King Charles on the peninsula between Lostwithiel, St Blazey and Fowey. King Charles was in the area at the time.


title: Saints' Way

paragraphs: The Saints' Way () is a long-distance footpath in Cornwall, in the United Kingdom.

paragraphs: It follows the probable route of early Christian travellers making their way from Ireland to the Continent. Rather than risk the difficult passage around Land's End they would disembark their ships on the North Cornish coast and progress to ports such as Fowey on foot. The footpath today between Padstow in the north and Fowey in the south is 26 miles in length and is well marked. Guide books are available.

paragraphs: Saints' Way information at Cornwall County Council


title: Golda Meir

paragraphs: Golda Meir (; , , born Golda Mabovitch, May 3 1898 - December 8 1978, known as Golda Myerson from 1917 to 1956) was the fourth prime minister of the State of Israel.

paragraphs: Golda Meir became Prime Minister of Israel on March 17 1969 after serving as Minister of Labour and Foreign Minister. She was said to be the "Iron Lady" "(a strong-minded woman)" of Israel's politics years before that name became said about the British prime minister, Margaret Thatcher. Meir was Israel's first and so far only female prime minister. She was the world's third female prime minister. The two biggest events of her time as prime minister were the murder of eleven Israeli athletes at the 1972 Summer Olympic Games and the 1973 Yom Kippur War. After questions about her handling of the war, Meir left her job even though she had been found to be not to blame for problems with the war.

paragraphs: Her birth name was Golda Mabovitch (). She was born in Kiev in the former Russian Empire (today Ukraine), and her parents were Blume Naidich and Moshe Mabovitch, a carpenter. The family moved to Milwaukee, Wisconsin, in the United States. Her father found a job as a carpenter, and her mother ran a grocery store. At the age of eight, she was already put in charge of watching the store when her mother went to the market for supplies.

paragraphs: When she was 14 years old, Golda went to North Division High School and worked part-time. Her mother wanted her to leave school and marry, but she did not. She ran away from home and bought a train ticket to Denver, Colorado, and went to live with her married sister, Sheyna Korngold. The Korngolds held evening meetings at their home where Meir learned about the Jews' desire for a country of their own, literature, women's rights, trade unions and more. In Denver, she also met Morris Meyerson, a sign painter, whom she married when she was 19.

paragraphs: The two biggest things to happen during her time as prime minister were the murder of eleven Israeli athletes at the 1972 Summer Olympic Games by the terrorist group Black September, and the twenty-day war called the Yom Kippur War between Israel and the Arab states led by Egypt and Syria in October 1973.

paragraphs: The Yom Kippur War was from October 6 to October 26, 1973 and was between a group of Arab countries led by Syria and Egypt against Israel. Israel was surprised by the attack and after the Yom Kippur War, the government was asked questions about Israel's not being ready for the war. A group of people who were asked to look into the war decided that it was not Meir's fault. Her political party won the elections in December 1973, but Meir stopped being prime minister on April 11, 1974, because she felt that was what the people of Israel wanted. Yitzhak Rabin became prime minister after her on June 3, 1974.

paragraphs: In 1975, Meir was awarded the Israel Prize for her services to the State of Israel.

paragraphs: On December 8, 1978, Golda Meir died of cancer in Jerusalem at the age of 80. She was buried Helkat Gdolei Ha'uma in Mount Herzl in Jerusalem on December 12 1978.


title: Haumea (dwarf planet)

paragraphs: Haumea is a dwarf planet in the Solar System. Its discovery was announced in 2005 by astronomers Michael E. Brown, Chad Trujillo and David Rabinowitz of the United States, and J. L. Ortiz of Spain. It was classified as a dwarf planet on September 17, 2008. Haumea is a Trans-Neptunian object, because it orbits the Sun after Neptune. It has two known moons, Hiʻiaka and Namaka. Haumea is special because of its very short day and odd shape. It turns once on its axis every four hours. This quick turning has caused Haumea to be shaped like an ellipsoid. It was the fifth discovered dwarf planet.

paragraphs: The object was originally nicknamed 'Santa' as it was discovered shortly after Christmas. In 2008, the International Astronomical Union gave it the proper name Haumea, after a Hawaiian god of childbirth and fertility.


title: Psychosocial (song)

paragraphs: "Psychosocial" is the second single and fourth track from Slipknot's fourth studio album, "All Hope Is Gone" which was released August 26 2008.

paragraphs: The music video for "Psychosocial" was shot at Sound Farm studios in Jamaica, Iowa on June 30, 2008. The shoot was delayed due to an unrelated head injury sustained by turntablist Sid Wilson before the shoot, who was subsequently hospitalized. On July 18, 2008 the video premiered on MTV's "FNMTV" show, hosted by Pete Wentz. The video, which was directed by Paul Brown, was shot using high-end cameras which shoot 1,000 frames per second and are contrasted with traditional 35 mm hand crank camera equipment. Percussionist Shawn Crahan explains; "we have the most extreme on both ends, with nothing in the middle. That's what the video is, and nobody does that. There's an art form behind it."

paragraphs: During an interview with "Kerrang!", guitarist James Root revealed that the video features the burning of the purgatory masks adorned by the band members in the splash teaser photos shown on Slipknot's website, reportedly because the masks represent the band's ego.

paragraphs: The are two versions of the video. One uses the album version of the song, whilst the other uses a much shorter version of the song; excluding the "Limit of the Dead!" lines.

paragraphs: This song was nominated to best rock video at the VMA´s 2008.


title: Pete Wentz

paragraphs: Peter Lewis Kingston Wentz III (born on June 5, 1979) better known as Pete Wentz, is an American musician and songwriter. He is most famous for his work with the Chicago-based band Fall Out Boy. In recent years, he has also become an entrepreneur and the host of the MTV program, FNMTV.

paragraphs: Wentz has been diagnosed with bipolar disorder. Ashlee Simpson divorced him.

paragraphs: Fall Out Boy came off hiatus in 2013, releasing a new single "My Songs Know What You Did in the Dark (Light 'Em Up)" and an album "Save Rock and Roll", along with a supporting Spring tour. They will be going on the Save Rock and Roll Arena Fall Tour this September with pop punk group Panic! at the Disco and rapper Big Sean in support of the album as well.


title: FNMTV

paragraphs: FNMTV Premiers is a television program shown on MTV. The program is hosted by Pete Wentz of rock band Fall Out Boy. "FNMTV" is shown every Friday night. It shows all new never-before seen music videos and live performances. The program has had several famous guests including Lil Wayne, Jonas Brothers, Miley Cyrus, Rihanna, Maroon 5, and Katy Perry.

paragraphs: Other possible name results for the title are "FN'MTV", "Friday Night MTV", "Feedback New MTV", "Feedback New Music Television", "FN (standing for f***ing MTV) MTV", "F'in MTV", or "FN'MTV "Friday Night"".