title: Kim Heechul

paragraphs: , better known by the mononym Heechul, is a South Korean singer, songwriter, presenter, and actor. He is a member of South Korean boy group Super Junior and has further participated in its subgroup, Super Junior-T as well as project groups M&D with Kim Jung-mo and Universe Cowards with Min Kyung-hoon.

paragraphs: , he has four programs being broadcast: "Knowing Bros", "Life Bar", "1% Friendship" and "My Daughter's Men".

paragraphs: Kim Hee-chul was born in Hoengseong County, Gangwon Province, on July 10, 1983. He has one older Sister, Kim Hee-jin. Kim graduated from Sangji University with a bachelor's degree in informatics through Bachelor's Degree Examination for Self-Education.

paragraphs: In October 2002, he moved to Seoul in order to take part in the auditions held by S.M. Entertainment. he was cast in the "Starlight Casting System" and signed a contract with S.M. Entertainment and became an official trainee, being trained in areas of singing, acting, dancing, and other performing talents such as hosting and modeling. He was initially placed in a four-member group called "Four Seasons" along with Jaejoong, Yunho and Kangin. The project group was dropped when Yunho and Jaejoong joined TVXQ in early 2003. He was preparing to debut as the main vocalist of Trax, but during his trainee days he had frequent clashes and misunderstandings with the person in charge at S.M. at that time. Therefore, he became frustrated and abandoned his Trax debut and returned to his hometown in Gangwon Province. Later with Trax's Jungmo and Jay, TVXQ's Yunho and Donghae encouragement and positivity, he returned to S.M. He joined other trainees under S.M. Entertainment to form the group "Super Junior 05", the first generation of Super Junior.

paragraphs: His first acting role was in teen drama "Sharp 2 (Season 2)", co-starring labelmates Go Ara and Kibum on 2005 before the debut of Super Junior. Shortly afterwards, he appeared in an episode of the series "Loveholic" and was a regular MC for the cable music show "Show! Music Bank Tank". He also appeared in advertisements.

paragraphs: On November 2, 2005, "Super Junior 05" made their official debut as a twelve-member group on SBS's "Popular Songs", performing their first single "TWINS". Their debut album "SuperJunior05 (Twins)" was released on December 5 and debuted at number three on the monthly MIAK K-pop album charts.

paragraphs: In March 2006, S.M. Entertainment began to recruit new members for the next Super Junior generation. However, plans changed and the company declared a halt in forming future Super Junior generations. Following the addition of thirteenth member Kyuhyun, the group dropped the suffix "05" and became officially credited as Super Junior. The re-polished group's first CD single "U" was released on June 7, 2006, which was their most successful single until the release of "Sorry, Sorry" in March 2009.

paragraphs: Apart from Super Junior's activities, Heechul has acted in several television dramas. In 2005 he landed his first leading role in "Rainbow Romance" (2005–06) then played a supporting role in "Bad Family" (2006), "Golden Bride" (2007–08) and "Loving You a Thousand Times" (2009–10). He also appeared as a radio DJ on "SBS Power FM Youngstreet" with Park Hee-von until mid-2006.

paragraphs: On February 23, 2007, he debuted as part of Super Junior sub-group, Super Junior-T, performing trot single "Rokuko!!!". and made his film debut in "Attack on the Pin-Up Boys". He co-hosted SBS's weekly live music show as a substitute for Andy of Shinhwa, going on to become a permanent host with Ku Hye-sun (April 23, 2006 – February 18, 2007), Jang Keun-suk (February25 - October 7, 2007) and Song Ji-hyo (November 11, 2007 – May 4, 2008).

paragraphs: In May 2008, the S.M. Art Company was formed with Pyo In-bong as co-CEO, aiming to produce musical and theatre works. Its first production was of "Xanadu", playing the role of Sonny in rotation with bandmate Kangin. The production ran between September 9 - November 23, 2008 at the Doosan Art Center, Yeonji-dong, Seoul. Casting was carried out via a reality television programme, "To Be Kangin and Heechul." He also became a regular on the TV Programmes "8 vs 1" (2008), "Good Daddy" (2008–09) and "Band of Brothers" (2009).

paragraphs: In November 6, 2009, he released his first solo single, "First Star", as part of the OST for the drama "Loving You a Thousand Times". The song is written by Song Jong-ho and composed by Choi Myung-hoon.

paragraphs: In 2010, he returned as a radio DJ for the first time in four years on SBS's "Heechul's Young Street" from March 29, 2010 until mid-2011. In May 2010, he was added along with Jang Dong-min during a recording as the eighth member of the family on the series "Family Outing 2", but the show was cancelled two months later due to low ratings. The same year, his popularity skyrocketed when he became a regular cast member in "Radio Star", the main segment of MBC's "Golden Fishery" when Shin Jung-hwan was caught gambling. and won "Best Newcomer Award" awards at the 11th MBC Entertainment Awards.

paragraphs: In 2011, he formed a project group with label mate Jungmo of TRAX called M&D (meaning "Midnight and Dawn" or "Miari and Dangae-dong", after the members' hometowns). They released their debut single, "Close Ur Mouth". Heechul wrote the lyrics and directed the music video for the song, while Jungmo produced and performed the instrumental. Their first live performance was at Mnet’s summer awards ceremony 20’s Choice on July 7.

paragraphs: Kim Hee-chul carried out mandatory military service from September 1, 2011 to August 30, 2013. He served as a public service worker for 23 months after undergoing four weeks of basic training at the Nonsan military camp in Chungcheongnam-do. At the time that he enlisted, he had been appearing on KBS's "Secret" (시크릿) as well as the "Radio Star", for which bandmate Kyuhyun took over the role.

paragraphs: Shortly after he had completed his military service, he featured on Kim Jang-hoon's single "Breakups are So Like Me". During live performances of the song on "Music Bank" and "Show! Music Core", his part was performed by bandmates Yesung, Eunhyuk and Shindong. Also he wrote the lyrics of Orange Caramel's "Shanghai Romance" on October 13, 2011, which peaked at number eight on the Gaon Digital Chart.

paragraphs: On January 26, 2012, he hosted the radio program every Friday at the office of District Seong Dong, where he was serving his two-year mandatory military service. His first episode was broadcast on January 20 and had received 5,600 hits.

paragraphs: In September 2013, he became a regular cast member on the JTBC's variety program "Ssulzun (War of Words)" it was his first project after releasing from his mandatory military enlistment but on July 2014 he posted a photo in his personal Instagram account and poured his heart and thoughts regarding his last appearance in the program. In Heechul’s last recording for the show, he mentioned about having the pressure of talking about the people close to him.

paragraphs: In January 2014, he appeared on the "Global Edition" of MBC reality television programme "We Got Married", as an on-screen couple with Taiwanese girl group member Puff Guo. That year, he also played the role of a detective in the tvN drama "Flower Grandpa Investigation Unit". He returned to the Super Junior's line-up for the August performance at "Music Bank", marking the first time he, Leeteuk and Kangin have been together in the line-up since they each completed their military service.

paragraphs: In February 2015, the famous LoL team SK Telecom T1 sponsored a special match titled the "Celebrity League of Legends Invitational Event Match". SKT T-LoL invited various celebrities to join in a match against professional LoL gamers. The celebrity team including Heechul ultimately lost. He also appeared on OnGameNet’s "Pandora TV LoL Champions" on November 27, 2013 as a Special Commentator and Guest player.

paragraphs: In 2015, he became MC on entertainment programs such as Tvn's "The Demand of Luxurious Food", KBS's Fashion-beauty Show "A Style For You", O'live's Travel Show "MAPS", JTBC's variety show "Knowing Bros". and Korean-Chinese program "All the Way With You", The first Chinese variety that he was in charge since his debut in Korean entertainment in 2005. The same year, M&D released their first EP, "Cottage Industry" with the title track "I Wish" digitally on April 16 and physically on April 20. The title track was also written and composed by the duo., which peaked at number two on the Gaon album Chart.

paragraphs: With Super Junior on a temporary hiatus for much of 2016 due to the enlistment of four other members, he returned to hosting. In March 2016, Heechul was confirmed to become a temporary host for "Weekly Idol" until October 5, when Jeong Hyeong-don ended his 11-month break from television activities. On April 15, 2016 he released a duet with Wheein for SM Station. The single "Narcissus" was written by him and produced by Jungmo, and it was his first collaboration with a female artist. In early July 2016, M&D returned as "Kim Heechul & Kim Jungmo", with a second EP, "Goody Bag", and trot-rock title track "Ulsanbawi" on July 12.

paragraphs: In August 2016, he attended the ""League of Legends" Pro League 5th Anniversary" in China, which included the Regional Final with four Chinese teams competing for a spot in the World Championship. He also competed in a Korea vs. China celebrity showmatch in commemoration. On October 9, he appeared on OnGameNet as a special commentator for the "LoL World Championship". In November 2016, Heechul began participating in S.M. Entertainment's League of Legends tournament "2016 S.M. Super Celeb League", where he and labelmate Baekhyun played the game with both professional players and fans from South Korea and China.

paragraphs: In fall 2016, Heechul and Buzz member Min Kyung-hoon released a duet titled "Sweet Dream". The two stars are known as "Universe Cowards" when they promote music, which is a name they came up with for a "Knowing Bros" project group. The song proved successful, topping the South Korean Gaon Digital Chart an achievement known as "all-kill", making him the first Super Junior member to achieve "all-kill" in 2016. In 2017, "Sweet Dream" won a Best Rock Song at the MelOn Music Awards.

paragraphs: His career as a MC made a breakthrough after appearing on "Knowing Bros" and "Weekly Idol". The success of "Knowing Bros" in Korea brought him a new range of fans and is a large part of why the show is so popular. He was named as one of the Top 3 Idol MC's of 2016. After appearing on the show, he earned more recognition and received roles from other shows as MC — such as "Phantom Singer (Season 1)", "Secretly Greatly", "Lipstick Prince (Season 1, 2)."

paragraphs: Following the success of "Sweet Dream", in February 2018, Universe Cowards returned with "Falling Blossoms". It was composed by Lee Sang-joon and Cha Jil-won and features lyrics written by Min, which peaked at number 15 on Gaon Digital Chart. "Billboard" described it as "soft pop-rock tune that grows to a soaring, emotional cacophony" and complimented how their music video was one of the most inclusive music videos South Korea’s seen in some time.

paragraphs: He continued his successful work by participating in new programs "Idol School", "Life Bar (Season 2)", "My Daughter's Men" and "1% Friendship".

paragraphs: In March 2018, it was reported that Heechul would not be participating in music show performances of Super Junior latest comeback promotions due to health concerns, but would still participate in other promotions as normal.

paragraphs: On October 9, 2010, he created a personal Facebook account which received 5,000 friend requests within five minutes. He became a worldwide trending topic on Twitter for four days after the account's creation. Twitter published the list of top overall trends in 2010 and from this computation, he took the ninth place in the People Category.

paragraphs: In July, 2011, Lady Gaga appeared on 9th’s episode on KBS2’s Entertainment Weekly for an exclusive interview and mentioned that she was amazed by Heechul's imitation of her. He's appeared “Lady HeeHee” throughout Super Show 3, as well as SM Town in Paris. Lady Gaga has seen his imitation and praised him, saying: “He looks amazing!”

paragraphs: He is an in and outside South Korea. He has become one of the most in demand endorsers after his hit show Knowing Bros and his famous Picks Miwon CF. brands like App DdocDoc and Smilegate gained popularity after his video viewed more than million times on YouTube.

paragraphs: In 2017, he was selected as a model for G-Market with AOA's Seolhyun. in 2018, he was chosen to be the model for Mistral with Min Kyung-hoon.

paragraphs: On August 10, 2006, Heechul was involved in a car accident while heading back to Seoul from Mokpo after attending the funeral of fellow Super Junior member Donghae’s father. The tires malfunctioned while his car attempted to switch lanes. Heechul fractured his left leg in five places, including his femur, knee, and ankle, requiring him to be in surgery for ten hours. He also sustained other injuries, including a tear in his tongue which required stitches.

paragraphs: Heechul was advised to stop all activities for a period of twelve weeks. He was released from the hospital on September 13, 2006 but he continued to receive out-patient care. He returned to the hospital to have a second surgery to remove some of the iron rods in his leg on October 10 and briefly returned to work in late October to film the final three episodes of an MBC youth sitcom while still in a cast and on a wheelchair. He made his comeback on November 25 of the same year during the Mnet KM Music Festival. In late December Heechul officially returned to individual activities such as variety show appearances and hosting appearances.

paragraphs: In 2007, Heechul started to perform regularly despite still having a few rods that the doctors had attached to his leg. In late April and May 2007, he had recovered enough to be able to take part in Super Junior’s strenuous dance routines. The remaining rods in his leg were removed in 2008.

paragraphs: He's still receiving treatment, and can no longer dance on live stages, often only making sporadic appearances at the latter half of the song. It also contributes to him being a sub-rapper and vocals instead of a lead dancer.


title: Kevin Systrom

paragraphs: Kevin Systrom (born December 30, 1983) is an Dutch entrepreneur and programmer. He is best known as the co‑founder of Instagram along with Mike Krieger.


title: Jerry Doyle

paragraphs: Jerry Doyle (July 16, 1956 – July 27, 2016) was an American talk radio host, right-libertarian political commentator and television actor. He was the founder of the content platform EpicTimes. His nationally syndicated talk show, "The Jerry Doyle Show", aired throughout the United States on Talk Radio Network. As an actor, Doyle is known for his role as Michael Garibaldi in the science fiction series "Babylon 5" (1994–1998).


title: Forrest Mars Jr.

paragraphs: Forrest Edward Mars Jr. (August 16, 1931 – July 26, 2016) was an American billionaire businessman. He was the founder of Mars, Incorporated, the confectionery company.

paragraphs: In March 2015, "Forbes" estimated his wealth to be $26.8 billion up from US $11 billion in March 2010. In October 2012, the Bloomberg Billionaires List ranked Mars as the 31st richest man in the world with an estimated net worth of 20.1 billion.

paragraphs: Mars died at age 84 on July 26, 2016, in Seattle, Washington, of complications from a heart attack.


title: Pierre Fauchon

paragraphs: Pierre Fauchon (13 July 1929 – 25 July 2016) was a French politician. He was a member of the Senate of France from 1992 to 2011. He represented the Loir-et-Cher department and was a member of the Union for French Democracy Party. He was born in Avranches, France.

paragraphs: Fauchon died on 25 July 2016 at the age of 87.


title: Robert Fano

paragraphs: Roberto Mario "Robert" Fano (11 November 1917 – 13 July 2016) was an Italian-American computer scientist. He was a professor of electrical engineering and computer science at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He was born in Turin, Italy.

paragraphs: He was known principally for his work on information theory, inventing (with Claude Shannon) Shannon–Fano coding and deriving the Fano inequality. He also invented the Fano algorithm and postulated the Fano metric.

paragraphs: Fano died on 13 July 2016 at the age of 98.


title: Jerzy Bahr

paragraphs: Jerzy Artur Bahr (23 April 1944 – 25 July 2016) was a Polish diplomat. From 1997 to 2001 he was the Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the Republic of Poland to Ukraine, and from 2006 to 2010 he was Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the Republic of Poland to the Russian Federation.

paragraphs: Bahr died of cancer on July 25, 2016 at the age of 72.


title: Carmen Hernández

paragraphs: María del Carmen Hernández Barrera (24 November 1930 – 19 July 2016) was a Spanish Roman Catholic catechist. She was the co-founder of the Neocatechumenal Way. She was born in Ólvega, Spain, but she moved with her family at a very young age to Tudela, Spain where she spent most of her childhood.

paragraphs: During this time, she met Kiko Argüello in Cursillo, and together they formed the Neocatechumenal Way in 1964.

paragraphs: Hernández died on 19 July 2016 in Madrid at the age of 85.


title: Mu Zi

paragraphs: Mu Zi (simplified Chinese: 木易; traditional Chinese: 木一; Pinyin "Mu' Zī"; born 9 January 1989 in Beijing) is a female table tennis player from China. She reached the 2nd place in the Mixed-Doubles at the World Championships 2009 and 2011.


title: Victor P. Whittaker

paragraphs: Victor Percy Whittaker (11 June 1919 – 5 July 2016) was a British biochemist. He pioneered studies on the subcellular fractionation of the brain. He did this by isolating synaptosomes and synaptic vesicles from the mammalian brain and demonstrating that synaptic vesicles store the neurotransmitter acetylcholine.

paragraphs: Whittaker died in Cambridge, England on 5 July 2016 at the age of 97.


title: David Huddleston

paragraphs: David William Huddleston (September 17, 1930 – August 2, 2016) was an American actor. An Emmy Award nominee, Huddleston had a prolific television career, and appeared in many movies including "Blazing Saddles", "Crime Busters", "" and "The Big Lebowski".

paragraphs: On August 2, 2016, Huddleston died of heart and kidney disease in Santa Fe, New Mexico at the age of 85.


title: Ivo Pitanguy

paragraphs: Ivo Hélcio Jardim de Campos Pitanguy (July 5, 1926 – August 6, 2016) was a Brazilian plastic surgeon. He was born in Belo Horizonte.

paragraphs: In 1953, he began working at a Brazilian hospital. On December 17, 1961, a burning circus tent fell on 2,500 spectators in the Brazilian city of Niterói. Pitanguy treated burn victims for weeks on an emergency basis. He later referred to the event as life changing, as it taught him that for many, physical appearance was critical to living.

paragraphs: Pitanguy died of a heart attack at his home in Rio de Janeiro on 6 August 2016, aged 90.


title: Vander Lee

paragraphs: Vander Lee (March 3, 1966 – August 5, 2016) was a Brazilian singer-songwriter. His songs were a fusion of rock, pop, and classical jazz. He was born in Belo Horizonte.

paragraphs: He began his career singing in bars and festivals in Belo Horizonte and cities of Minas Gerais. In 1987, he joined the band Morro Velho, and recorded an EP that was never released. He released his first album in 1997.

paragraphs: Lee died in Belo Horizonte on August 5, 2016 at the age of 50. The cause of death was a heart attack which came while at a spa. He was admitted to a hospital and underwent surgery.


title: Diamond Skulls

paragraphs: Diamond Skulls (also called Dark Obsession) is a British 1989 thriller and drama movie. This movie was directed by Nick Broomfield. Broomfield also co-wrote the movie. "Diamond Skulls" includes the last performance by Ian Carmichael.

paragraphs: Lord Hugo Brockton is a young Englishman. He is the heir to a vast fortune. He is married to a woman named Virginia, or "Ginny" in short. Ginny seems devoted and loyal to Hugo. They have a young son. But Hugo is haunted by jealousy, as he imagines Ginny in the arms of a colleague. He begins spying on her. He gets angry over her supposed infidelity.

paragraphs: One night, after a social gathering with members of his British Army group, Hugo and his friends go out for a drive. He accidentally runs over a woman, who dies at the scene. All except one of his friends urge Hugo to drive on. In his drunk state of mind, Hugo had imagined himself running over Ginny.

paragraphs: Over the next few days, a psychological war takes place. Peter, who is Hugo's business associate, wants to use the cover-up to get power over the estate. A man named Jamie is dating Hugo's sister. He wants to go to police and report the incident. But Hugo's family closes ranks as Ginny and the rest side with Hugo. He fears his arrest and being sent to prison will hurt the family's reputation. When the police investigation closes in on Hugo, the power struggle leads to deadly consequences.

paragraphs: At the end, Peter and Hugo murder Jamie and arrange to make it look like a suicide. They wish to make it look like it had been Jamie driving the car who killed the woman. They throw Jamie's dead body off a seaside cliff. The police believe the story and close the case.

paragraphs: "Diamond Skulls" is rated NC-17 by the Motion Picture Association of America.

paragraphs: The movie was given two thumbs up by Roger Ebert and Gene Siskel. Other critics' reviews were mixed. The Los Angeles Times gave a positive review to the movie.


title: Note-taking

paragraphs: Note-taking (or note taking) is recording information taken from another source. By taking notes, the writer records the information, so they don't have to recall everything.

paragraphs: Notes are usually taken from a transient (temporary) source, such as an oral discussion at a meeting, or a lecture or even a passing thought. in these cases the notes may be the only record of the event. Notes of a meeting are usually called minutes.

paragraphs: Note taking is a form of self discipline.


title: Jamal Naji

paragraphs: Jamal Naji (1 November 1954 – 6 May 2018) was a Palestinian-born Jordanian author. He was born in Aqbat Jaber in the West Bank. He moved to Jordan in 1967. Naji published his first novel "The Road to Balharith" in 1981-82. He written several more novels as well as short story collections and television scripts. His recent novel "When the Wolves Grow Old" was shortlisted for the Arabic Booker Prize in 2010.

paragraphs: He was president of the Jordanian Writers Association from 2001 to 2003. He lived and worked in Amman, Jordan. He died on 6 May 2018 of a stroke at the age of 63.


title: Crosbie E. Saint

paragraphs: Crosbie Edgerton Saint (September 29, 1936 – May 7, 2018) was an American military official. He served in the United States Army as a four-star general. He served as Commander in Chief, U.S. Army Europe/Commander, Central Army Group (CINCUSAREUR/COMCENTAG) from 1988 to 1992.

paragraphs: Saint died on May 7, 2018 in Bethesda, Maryland of a stroke at the age of 81.


title: Mustafa Nur-Ul Islam

paragraphs: Mustafa Nur-Ul Islam (; 1 May 1927 – 9 May 2018) was a Bangladeshi academic. In 2011 he was honored as a National Professor of Bangladesh. He was awarded Ekushey Padak in 1981 and Independence Day Award in 2010 by the Government of Bangladesh.

paragraphs: Islam was the founder director of Bangladesh Shilpakala Academy, the Director General of Bangla Academy and the Chairman of Bangladesh National Museum. In 2011, he was appointed as a National Professor. He edited a literary magazine named 'Sundaram'.


title: David Goodall (botanist)

paragraphs: David William Goodall (4 April 1914 – 10 May 2018) was a British-Australian botanist, activist and ecologist. Goodall was born in London. He was important in the early development of statistical methods in ecology, such as the study of vegetation. He was also a pro-euthanasia activist.

paragraphs: Goodall became a centenarian in April 2014. In the 2016 Australia Day Honours list Goodall was made a Member of the Order of Australia.

paragraphs: On 30 April 2018, Goodall said he wanted to end his own life in May of that year through assisted suicide. He died at a nursing center in Liestal, Switzerland on 10 May 2018 by euthanasia at the age of 104.


title: Don Blankenship

paragraphs: Donald Leon Blankenship (born March 14, 1950) is an American former business executive, convicted criminal and former candidate for the United States Senate in West Virginia in 2018. He was Chairman and CEO of the Massey Energy Company—the sixth largest coal company (by 2008 production) in the United States—from 2000 until his retirement in 2010.

paragraphs: A federal grand jury indicted Blankenship on November 13, 2014 for conspiracy to violate mandatory federal mine safety and health standards and conspiracy to impede federal mine safety officials.

paragraphs: Blankenship entered the Republican primary in the 2018 United States Senate election in West Virginia, challenging incumbent Democratic U.S. Senator Joe Manchin. He was the front-runner of the election in the months before the election. President Donald Trump and United States Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell did not support Blakenship. He lost the Republican primary in May 8, 2018.

paragraphs: On October 20, 2019, Blankenship announced his candidacy for President of the United States in the 2020 election for the Constitution Party nomination.


title: Evgeni Vasiukov

paragraphs: Evgeni Andreyevich Vasiukov (, 5 March 1933 – 10 May 2018) was a Russian chess Grandmaster. He was born in Moscow.

paragraphs: During his career, he won the Championship of Moscow on six occasions (1955, 1958, 1960, 1962, 1972, and 1978) and scored many victories in international tournaments, such as Belgrade Open 1961, Moscow International 1961, East Berlin 1962, and Manila 1974.

paragraphs: Vasiukov was rarely at his best in Soviet Championship Finals, which were among the very toughest events in the world. Vasiukov never made the Soviet team for an Olympiad or a European Team Championship.

paragraphs: Vasiukov died of a heart attack on 10 May 2018 in Moscow at the age of 85.


title: Big Bully Busick

paragraphs: Nick Conrad Busick (June 1, 1954 – May 8, 2018) was an American professional wrestler and police officer. He was better known by his ring name Big Bully Busick. He was best known for his appearances with the World Wrestling Federation (WWF) in 1991, where he played a bully from the 1920s with a "turtleneck, bowler hat and king-sized cigar".

paragraphs: Busick was also known for his appearances with Georgia All-Star Wrestling (GAF) and the Global Wrestling Federation (GWF).

paragraphs: In November 2012, the WWE listed Busick as having the best mustache in the Top 10 mustaches in WWE history.

paragraphs: Busick died of spinal cancer on May 8, 2018, in Weirton, West Virginia, where he was receiving hospice care at the age of 63.


title: Weirton, West Virginia

paragraphs: Weirton "(pron. WEER-ton)" is a city in Brooke and Hancock counties in the U.S. state of West Virginia. As of the 2010 census, the city's population was 19,746.


title: Lorraine Hansberry

paragraphs: Lorraine Vivian Hansberry (May 19, 1930 – January 12, 1965) was an African-American playwright, essayist, journalist and activist. Hansberry was the first black female author to have a play performed on Broadway. Her best known work, the play "A Raisin In The Sun".

paragraphs: Hansberry died in New York City of pancreatic cancer on January 12, 1965 at the age of 34. Martin Luther King, Jr. and James Baldwin spoke at her funeral on January 15 in New York.


title: Stacy Martin

paragraphs: Stacy Martin (born 1 January 1991) is a French-English actress. She is best known for her role as the younger version of Charlotte Gainsbourg's character Joe in "Nymphomaniac". Martin also appeared as J. Paul Getty's secretary in Ridley Scott's "All the Money in the World".

paragraphs: Martin was born in Paris. She lives in London with her partner Daniel Blumberg.


title: 2018 North Korea–United States summit

paragraphs: The North Korea–United States summit was a planned meeting between the leaders of North Korea and the United States that took place on June 12, 2018 in Singapore.

paragraphs: The White House confirmed the meeting between President Donald Trump and Chairman Kim Jong-un on 8 March 2018. This was the first time that a sitting U.S. president met the leader of North Korea since the Korean War.

paragraphs: White House Press Secretary Sarah Huckabee Sanders said that "in the meantime, all sanctions and maximum pressure must remain."

paragraphs: Kim talked about preparations for the meeting in remarks to the Politburo of the Workers' Party of Korea on April 9.

paragraphs: On May 10, Trump announced that the summit will be held on June 12, 2018 in Singapore. It was announced after the release of 3 American hostages by North Korea.


title: Stopover, Kentucky

paragraphs: Stopover is an unincorporated community in Pike County, Kentucky, United States. It is at the junction of Kentucky Route 194 and Kentucky Route 2062 east of Phelps. Stopover had a post office with ZIP code 41568.

paragraphs: Don Blankenship, former CEO of Massey Energy, was born in Stopover.


title: Vocabulario de la Lengua Bicol

paragraphs: The Vocabulario de la lengua Bicol is a list of vocabulary of Bicol language collected by Marcos de Lisboa when he destined in Bicol Region, Philippines.


title: Shark finning

paragraphs: Shark finning is the act of removing fins from sharks. It is mostly done when shark is still alive. The sharks are sometimes thrown back to the ocean after removing their fins but they are still alive. since they are unable to swim properly, they sink to the bottom of the ocean and die of suffocation or are eaten by other predators. Shark finning at sea helps fishing vessels in increasing their profit. It also helps to increase the number of sharks harvested, as they only have to store and transport the fins, which is the most profitable part of the shark; the shark meat is bulky to transport. Some countries have banned this practice and require the whole shark to be brought back to port before removing the fins.

paragraphs: Shark finning increased since 1997 largely due to the increasing demand for shark fins. It is used in shark fin soup and traditional cures, particularly in China and its territories. The International Union for Conservation of Nature's Shark Specialist Group say that shark fin trade is causing a serious danger to the shark population. It estimates of the global value of the shark fin trade range from US$540 million to US$1.2 billion (2007). Shark fins are among the most expensive seafood products, commonly sold at US$400 per kg. In the United States, where finning is not allowed, some buyers regard the whale shark and the basking shark as trophy species, and pay $10,000 to $20,000 for a fin.


title: Siti Hasmah Mohamad Ali

paragraphs: Tun Dr. Siti Hasmah binti Haji Mohamad Ali (born 12 July 1926) is the wife of the 4th and 7th Prime Minister of Malaysia, Tun Dr. Mahathir Mohamad. She served as wife of the Prime Minister of Malaysia for 22 years from 1981–2003. She is the oldest living wife of a former Malaysian prime minister.

paragraphs: As of the 10 of May 2018 she is again the wife of the Prime Minister while also serving as a chancellor of the Multimedia University of Malaysia.


title: Sirikit

paragraphs: Sirikit (; ; ; born "Mom Rajawongse" Sirikit Kitiyakara (; ) on 12 August 1932) is the queen mother of Thailand. She was the queen consort of King Bhumibol Adulyadej (or Rama IX) and is the mother of King Vajiralongkorn (or Rama X).

paragraphs: King Bhumibol Adulyadej met Sirikit in the 1940s. They married in 1950, shortly before Bhumibol's coronation. Sirikit was appointed queen regent in 1956.


title: Vello Asi

paragraphs: Vello (Ergav-Vello) Asi (October 18, 1927 – November 20, 2016) was an Estonian interior architect, graphic designer and professor at the . Together with Väino Tamm, he has been one of the most important interior architects and representer of modernist interiors in Estonia since the late 1950s.

paragraphs: Born in Vana-Saaluse village in Saaluse rural municipality, Võrumaa. Bother parents were from Võrumaa, mother was a farmer and father was a craftsman.

paragraphs: Interest in arts started already in high school, where he began to design school wallpapers and leaflets. Even though his parents wanted him to continue studies in medecine at the University of Tartu, he decided to study interior architecture at . He graduated from Võru Secondary School No. 1 in 1948 and began studying at ERKI from the same year.

paragraphs: A significant part of his university projects is made up of copying historic furniture drawings. They were mostly made at the and the Peeter I  House Museum in Kadriorg. Interior and furniture design projects were also made for a cabin, a clubhouse, a small apartment. His graduation work was interior design for the hall of Tallinn Polytechnic Institute.

paragraphs: From 1954-55, he worked in Tallinn at the national architecture design studio "". In the studio Asi`s tasks were primarily drawing architectural details, sections, plans and coloring them.

paragraphs: Subsequently, he worked in the ARS institute from 1956-1964. During those years he completed several museum exhibition designs and he also belonged to the team of interior architects who in 1954-61 made a new interior design for the Estonian Pavilion of the USSR Economic Achievements Exhibition in Moscow. After working in ARS Vello Asi continued creating exhibition designs in Estonia, as well in Moscow, London, Ulaanbaatar. In addition to interior architecture, he also did graphic design and book design, most of which consists of designing Jaan Kross's books and several architecture related books.

paragraphs: His most important works express rationality and tectonic clarity: the Kurtna poultry farm (1967), the offices of the Writers' House in Tallinn (1963), the Tuljak (1967) and Tallinn cafes (1967-69), Karolina bar (1968; the last three with Väino Tamm), the Radio House studio (1965-77, with H. Oruve), the Viru hotel(1972, with V. Tamme and L. Raudsep, Nõuk, Estonian prize ) and interiors of the Pirita Marine Center Yacht Club and Press Center (1980).

paragraphs: One of his early career`s most important works are the Tallinn Writers' House offices (1963), most significantly the hall with the black ceiling. This was his minimalist and severe reaction to the existing 1950s official style that was more theatrical and festive. Although some have associated the black color with a strong symbolic shadow, Asi has acclaimed he chose the color primarily for practical reasons - to hide holes and dents of the ceiling. However, he was obliged to go to Moscow in order to justify the color choice as the bosses in Tallinn did not dare to give their signature to the project. In addition to the hall, Asi designed in the Writers' House the cabinets and its furniture.

paragraphs: An important part of his work was born in collaboration with the interior designer and university schoolmate Väino Tamm. Together they created interior design for Valve Pormeister's architectural masterpieces - the cafe Tuljak and the Kurtna Poultry Farm Testing building. The patron of both buildings was Edgar Tõnurist. He wished that the Tuljak Cafe (1967) would be a self-service brasserie, with a terrace for barbecue and a terrace with fireplaces. The interior of the cafe had a long table along the wall and the room was filled with wood furniture.

paragraphs: Tõnurist was also the patron for the main building of the Kurtna Poultry Farm Testing building, designed by Valve Pormeister. The interior design by Tamm and Asi is based on the architecture and complements it. Modernist interior design is important in the interior: furniture is not designed as a single object but rather as an architectural space element.

paragraphs: In the 1960's, the life of the Old Town of Tallinn became active and new cafes and restaurants were born. Tamm and Asi designed several new cafes in Tallinn`s Old Town: Varietee and cafe Tallinn, wine bar Karoliina, and the restaurant Gloria. The Tallinn cafe (1967-1969) was located on the first floor of Harju Street 6, the Varietee stayed on the second floor. The cafe was filled with the no. 14 Thonet chairs. Tamm and Asi designed tables and a long banquet. The outdoor terrace was in the green area of Harju Street. The Karolina Bar was designed in the former defensive fortress at the Freedom Square.

paragraphs: Tamm and Asi also made together the interiors for Tallinn's new Radio House, the new Pärnu theater, and the Tartu Vanemuine theater. The most important project was the (Henno Sepmann, Mart Port, 1972). Besides Tamm and Asi, the project was made by Loomet Raudsepp, Taevo Gans and Mait Summatavet. The most important feature of the interior architecture was its perfect harmony with exterior architecture. There was a similar use of materials and simple surfaces both indoors and outdoors. The vestibule was designed by Asi who covered the walls and floors with a dark ceramic tile. The furniture can be characterized by strict geometric volumes that are in perfect harmony with the shape of the room.

paragraphs: The design of the Tallinn Olümpia-Purjespordikeskus (Regati pst. 1) was led by Väino Tamm in 1975-80. The design tasks were divided between the interior architects team (Tamm, Asi, Aulo Padar, Juta Lember, Leo Leesaar). Vello Asi designed the dining room (with Leo Leesaare), the yacht club and the press section.


title: Egyptian Army

paragraphs: The Egyptian Army is the largest service branch in the Egyptian Armed Forces. The modern army was started by Muhammad Ali Pasha (ruled 1805–1849), the founder of modern Egypt.

paragraphs: The most significant engagements by this army in the 20th century were in Egypt's five wars with the State of Israel (in 1948, 1956, 1967, 1967–1970, and 1973). In one of those wars, the Suez Crisis of 1956, the army also struggled against the forces of Britain, and France.

paragraphs: The Egyptian army also engaged in the North Yemen civil war, and the brief Libyan-Egyptian War in July 1977. Its last major engagement was Operation Desert Storm, the liberation of Kuwait from Iraqi occupation in 1991, in this operation, the Egyptian army was the second-largest of the allied forces.

paragraphs: In 2014, the army had about 310,000 soldiers, approximately 90,000–120,000 of them are professionals, while the rest are conscripts.


title: Mohamed Aboutrika

paragraphs: Mohamed Aboutrika (; born 7 November 1978) is a retired Egyptian footballer. He was a second striker and attacking midfielder for two teams in Egypt, Tersana and El Ahly. He played for Baniyas in the United Arab Emirates.

paragraphs: Aboutrika came second in the "African Footballer of the Year" award in 2008. He was one of five nominees for the 2006 award, and one of ten nominees in 2013 for the award.

paragraphs: Aboutrika graduated from Cairo University with a Bachelor of Arts degree in philosophy. He is married and has children named Ahmed, Seif, and Roqaya.


title: Caelus

paragraphs: Caelus or Coelus was a god of the sky in Roman myth and theology and literature. Its name usually appears in masculine form when he is thought of as a male generative force.

paragraphs: According to Cicero and Hyginus, Caelus was the son of Aether and Dies ("Day" or "Daylight"). Caelus and Dies were in this tradition the parents of Mercury.


title: Clash Royale

paragraphs: Clash Royale is a freemium real-time strategy game developed and published by Supercell. The game combines elements from collectible card games, tower defense games, and multiplayer online battle arena (MOBA) games. The game was released globally on March 2, 2016. It reached $1 billion in revenue in less than 1 year.


title: Camaloon

paragraphs: Camaloon is an e-commerce company based in Barcelona, Spain. Camaloon is best known for printing services for Corporate Gifts , custom products & promotional merchandise.

paragraphs: Camaloon was founded in 2011 by the entrepreneurs Pere Rius and Bernat Farrero. In 2011, Camaloon expanded their services and offered the sale of customized office supplies across all of Europe. In 2015, several partners including the Spanish bank "la Caixa", entered the capital of the company contributing around € 1 million to support its growth. Camaloon has developed their technological tools and proprietary software for design and online sales. Camaloon also manufactured writing materials, vinyl stickers and customized apparel.

paragraphs: In 2017, Juan Rodríguez Oyaneder joined as CEO, with Bernat Farrero becoming the President of Camaloon. As of 2017, the company has raised €904K in Seed funding from Caixa Capital Risc.


title: Gilles Deleuze

paragraphs: Gilles Deleuze (, "zhee duh-LOOZ"); 18 January 1925 – 4 November 1995) was a French philosopher. He wrote about philosophy, literature, movie, and art. His most popular books were the two parts of "Capitalism and Scizophrenia". The first part is called "Anti-Oedipus" (1972), and the second part is called "A Thousand Plateaus" (1980). Both books were written with his academic partner Félix Guattari. He also wrote "Difference and Repetition" (1968). Some people think that he is among the greatest philosophers. His work is considered very important in philosophy and art, including literary theory, semiotics, post-structuralism, and postmodernism.

paragraphs: Deleuze was born in Paris and lived there most of his life. He went to school during World War II and later studied philosophy and history at the University of Paris. He started teaching philosophy in 1948, and taught at several universities. He married Denise Paul "Fanny" Grandjouan in 1956.

paragraphs: Deleuze worked at the University of Vincennes in Saint-Denis from 1969 to 1987. There he became friends and worked with Michel Foucault and Félix Guattari.

paragraphs: He had a lung removed in 1968 because he had tuberculosis. It was difficult for him to breathe for the rest of his life. He died by committing suicide in 1995.


title: Destin Onka Malonga

paragraphs: Destin Onka Malonga (March 16, 1988 – July 31, 2016) was a Congolese football player. He was born in Brazzaville, Congo.

paragraphs: Malonga played professionally for MSP Batna in the Algerian Championnat National, before joined 2010 to French Division Honneur club AS Contres. After just one year left the club and signed for Avenir Foot Lozère.

paragraphs: Malonga died on 31 July 2016 at Vallon-Pont-d'Arc, Ardèche, France in a canoeing accident during pre-season club training.


title: Jean-Claude Wicky

paragraphs: Jean-Claude Wicky (28 January 1946 – 31 July 2016) was a Swiss photographer. He was noted for his series on Bolivian miners (1984–2001). He was born in Moutier, Switzerland.

paragraphs: His photos have been exhibited at the Swiss Foundation for Photography, the Musée de l'Élysée in Lausanne, and the Minneapolis Institute of Arts, as well as in magazines including "GEO" and "Smithsonian Magazine".

paragraphs: Wicky died on 31 July 2016 in Biel/Bienne, Switzerland at the age of 70.


title: Little Shop of Horrors

paragraphs: Little shop of horrors is a American rock musical comedy horror movie. It is directed by Frank Oz and was released in December 19, 1986.

paragraphs: This movie is about a geeky florist shop worker who finds out his Venus flytrap can speak. This movie was nominated for two Academy Awards, one for Best Visual Effects and another for Best Original Song.


title: James Alan McPherson

paragraphs: James Alan McPherson (September 16, 1943 – July 27, 2016) was an American essayist and short-story writer. He was born in Savannah, Georgia.

paragraphs: He was the first African-American writer to win the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction, and was included among the first group of artists who received a MacArthur Fellowship. At the time of his death, McPherson was a professor emeritus of fiction at the Iowa Writers' Workshop.

paragraphs: McPherson died in hospice on July 27, 2016, in Iowa City, Iowa, due to complications of pneumonia. He was 72.


title: Mahasweta Devi

paragraphs: Mahasweta Devi (14 January 1926 – 28 July 2016) was an Indian Bengali fiction writer and socio-political activist. Her notable literary works include "Hajar Churashir Maa", "Rudali", and "Aranyer Adhikar". She wrote over 100 novels and over 20 collections of short stories primarily written in Bengali but often translated to other languages.

paragraphs: Devi died of multiple organ failure on 28 July 2016, aged 90.


title: Ed Ross

paragraphs: Michael Edward "Ed" Ross (October 27, 1965 – July 30, 2016) was an American tintype photographer and lawyer. He was born in Ukiah, California and raised in Davis, California.

paragraphs: His photography work spanned 27 years. His last six years were devoted exclusively to wet-plate photography. His primarily focused on nude portraits and landscape photography.

paragraphs: Ross died on July 30, 2016, in a motorcycle accident on a mountain road near Yosemite National Park while on his way to photograph one of his favorite subjects, the Half Dome in Yosemite Valley.


title: Scott Hutchison

paragraphs: Scott Hutchison (20 November 1981 – 10 May 2018) was a Scottish singer-songwriter, guitarist and artist. He was the founding member and primary songwriter of the indie rock band Frightened Rabbit. Hutchison was also a member of the musical collective The Fruit Tree Foundation, and released one solo album under the moniker Owl John.

paragraphs: His last musical project was the indie "supergroup" Mastersystem, featuring Frightened Rabbit bandmate and brother Grant alongside members of Editors and Minor Victories.

paragraphs: Hutchison was reported missing by Scottish police and the members of Frightened Rabbit on 9 May 2018. Hutchison was last seen at 1 a.m. 9 May leaving a hotel in South Queensferry. Police discovered a body at 8:30 p.m. that evening in the Port Edgar region near South Queensferry.<ref name="bbc confirmation" /


title: Adam Parfrey

paragraphs: Adam Parfrey (April 12, 1957 – May 10, 2018) was an American journalist, editor, and the publisher of Feral House books. Parfrey co-founded Amok Press with Kenneth Swezey in New York in 1987. Amok's first release was an English translation by Joachim Neugroschel of Joseph Goebbels's novel "Michael."

paragraphs: The partnership of Parfrey and Swezey as Amok published nine books, including "You Can't Win", by Jack Black, "The Grand Guignol: Theatre of Fear and Terror", by Mel Gordon, and "Boxcar Bertha", with an Intro by Kathy Acker.

paragraphs: Parfrey died on May 10, 2018 at the age of 61.


title: Mikhail Alperin

paragraphs: Michail Jefimowitsch Alperin (Ukrainian: Миха́йло Юхи́мович Альпе́рін, 7 November 1956 – 11 May 2018) was a Soviet-Norwegian jazz pianist. He was known as a key member of the "Moscow Art Trio". He was born in Kamianets-Podilskyi, Ukrainian SSR. He has also worked with Huun Huur Tu. From 1993 to 2018 he lived in Oslo, Norway; he was professor of music at the Norwegian Academy of Music and he supervised pianist Helge Lien and Morten Qvenild among others. He released several works on ECM Records.

paragraphs: Alperin died on 11 May 2018 in Oslo of complications from aortic dissection at the age of 61.


title: Bobby Cannavale

paragraphs: Robert Cannavale (; ; born May 3, 1970) is an American actor known for his leading role as Bobby Caffey in the first two seasons of the crime drama series "Third Watch". Cannavale also had a recurring role on the NBC comedy series "Will & Grace" as Will Truman's long-term boyfriend Officer Vincent "Vince" D'Angelo. He played Gyp Rosetti during the third season of the HBO drama series "Boardwalk Empire".

paragraphs: He also starred in "Snakes on a Plane" (2006), "The Other Guys" (2010), Woody Allen's "Blue Jasmine" (2013), "Chef" (2014), "Spy" (2015), "Ant-Man" (2015), "" (2017) and "I, Tonya" (2017).

paragraphs: From 1994 to 2003, Cannavale was married to actress/screenwriter Jenny Lumet — director Sidney Lumet's daughter and performer Lena Horne's granddaughter — with whom he has a son, actor Jake Cannavale. Cannavale and Jake were cast as father and son in season four of "Nurse Jackie".

paragraphs: Since 2012, Cannavale has been dating actress Rose Byrne. Cannavale and Byrne's first child, Rocco Robin Cannavale, was born on February 1, 2016. He and Byrne had their second child together, a son called Rafa, in November 2017.


title: La Venganza de Cucamonga

paragraphs: La Venganza de Cucamonga is the sixth album by Cuca, a Mexican hard rock band originally from Guadalajara, Jalisco.

paragraphs: After a long hiatus from recording, Cuca returned in 2015 with this, their sixth album. Guitarist Alex Otaola replaced Galo Ochoa. The album was recorded, mixed, and mastered by Arturo 2T Perales at Oigo Studios in Guadalajara. The album received a 2015 Latin Grammy nomination.

paragraphs: Singles include: "Arre Lulú", "Más Daño", and "En el Nombre del Rocanrol".


title: Ulla Sallert

paragraphs: Ulla Sallert (27 March 1923 – 11 May 2018) was a Swedish actress and singer. Sallert was born in Stockholm. She was known for roles in "Don't Give Up" (1947), "The Key and the Ring" (1949), "Hello Baby" (1976) and "Nils Karlsson Pyssling" (1990).

paragraphs: Sallert died in Stockholm on 11 May 2018 at the age of 95.


title: Captain (United States O-3)

paragraphs: In the United States Army (USA), U.S. Marine Corps (USMC), and U.S. Air Force (USAF), captain is a company grade officer rank, with the pay grade of O-3.

paragraphs: It ranks above first lieutenant and below major. It is the same to the rank of lieutenant in the Navy/Coast Guard officer rank system.


title: First Motion Picture Unit

paragraphs: The First Motion Picture Unit (FMPU), later 18th Army Air Forces Base Unit, was the movie production unit of the US Army Air Forces (USAAF) during World War II and was the first military unit made up of actors. It made more than 400 propaganda movies which were known for being informative as well as entertaining. These movies include "Resisting Enemy Interrogation", "" and "The Last Bomb"—all of which were released in theatres.

paragraphs: Veteran actors such as Clark Gable, William Holden, Clayton Moore, and Ronald Reagan and directors such as John Sturges served with the FMPU. The unit also produced training films and trained combat cameramen. FMPU personnel served with distinction during World War II.

paragraphs: "First Motion Picture Unit" is also the eponymous title of a 1943 self-produced documentary about the unit narrated by radio and television announcer Ken Carpenter.


title: Lake Maracaibo

paragraphs: Lake Maracaibo () is a large brackish tidal bay (or tidal estuary) in Venezuela. It is an "inlet of the Caribbean Sea". It is often called a lake rather than a bay or lagoon. In the north, a channel 55 km long connects it to the Carribean Sea.

paragraphs: The lake is named after the city Maracaibo, which lies on the east side of this channel. In Maracaibo, this channel is about 8.5 km wide. General Rafael Urdaneta Bridge spans this channel. It is one of the longest bridges in the world.

paragraphs: The lake has a size of about by . 135 rivers flow into the lake. The biggest of them is Catatumbo River, which is 500km long. Others include Escalante River and Chama River.

paragraphs: In the northern part of the lake, there is brackish water. The southern part of the lake is freshwater. There are many islands in the lake.

paragraphs: In most parts of the lake, the water is very shallow. For this reason, a canal has been built, so that oceangoing ships are able to access the ports of Maracaibo and Cabimas.

paragraphs: In 1914, crude oil was found in the lake, near Cabimas. The surrounding Maracaibo Basin contains large reserves of it; the lake is a major profit center for Venezuela. Almost a quarter of Venezuela's population live in the basin around the lake.

paragraphs: Lake Maracaibo is not very deep, on average, it only has a depth of . Its biggest depth is . Its water is very warm, usually . During the day, a lot of water evaporates from the lake. At night, the air around the lake cools down faster than the air over the lake. This leads ot the formation of clouds. Because of the difference in temperature, thunderstorms are frequent. Large flocks of cattle graze in the area around the lake. Very often, they are hit by lightning. Lightning may also hit one of the many oil extraction facilities in the lake, which often catch fire.

paragraphs: This weather phenomenon is known as Catatumbo lightning. It regularly occurs at Lake Maracaibo and produces more lightning than any other place on the planet.

paragraphs: The environment of the lake has several problems. Part of the lake is infested with the duckweed "Lemna". Duckweed are plants that float freely on the water. The problem with "Lemna" is that it spreads very fast. Its cover of the water can double in 48 hours. The plants can only be removed physically. In mid 2004, about 18% of the lake was covered with it.

paragraphs: Duckweed is not toxic to fish, but it takes oxygen out of the lake as it decays. This kills fish. Though officials say the weed has not harmed fish yet, it is harming the local fishing industry. The plant clogs the motors of small boats, making it impossible for fishers to launch their vessels.

paragraphs: Duckweed also threatens the local ecosystem because it shades the lake: Other plants in the lake do not get enough light, and die off. In certain conditions, the weed may concentrate heavy metals and bacteria such as "Salmonella" and "Vibrio cholerae", the bacterium that causes cholera. Even though it causes many problems, the weed may also have some use: Duckweed can be treated to feed poultry, or to make paper.

paragraphs: The lake has other problems. Untreated sewage is released into it, and oil drilling operations cause pollution with crude oil.


title: Marina del Rey, California

paragraphs: Marina del Rey is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Los Angeles County, California, United States. The population was 8,866 at the 2010 census. The Marina, the world's largest man-made small craft harbor with eight basins having a capacity for 5,300 boats and is home port to about 6,500 boats.


title: George Pell

paragraphs: George Pell (born 8 June 1941) is an Australian prelate of the Catholic Church. He became the inaugural Prefect of the Secretariat for the Economy in 2014. He was born in Ballarat, Victoria, Australia. He was ordained in 1966. He was made cardinal by Pope John Paul II.

paragraphs: He served as the eighth Archbishop of Sydney (2001–2014), Archbishop of Melbourne (1996–2001), and Auxiliary Bishop of Melbourne (1987–1996). He was created a cardinal in 2003.

paragraphs: On 29 June 2017, Pell was charged in Victoria, Australia, with multiple historical sexual assault offences, and denied all charges. The Pope granted him leave to return to Australia to defend himself. Pell was committed to stand trial on the lesser charges, pleading not guilty.

paragraphs: On 7 April 2020, the High Court of Australia found Pell innocent from his convictions and verdicts of acquittal. The Court's said that there was "a significant possibility that an innocent person has been convicted because the evidence did not establish guilt".


title: Roger Mahony

paragraphs: Roger Michael Cardinal Mahony KGCHS (born February 27, 1936) is an American cardinal and retired prelate of the Roman Catholic Church.

paragraphs: Mahony served as Archbishop of Los Angeles from 1985 to 2011. Before his appointment as Los Angeles archbishop, he served as Auxiliary Bishop of Fresno from 1975 to 1980 and as Bishop of Stockton from 1980 to 1985.

paragraphs: In 2011, Mahony retired because he reached the age of 75 and was replaced by José Horacio Gómez.


title: Francis Arinze

paragraphs: Francis Arinze (born 1 November 1932) is a Nigerian Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He is Prefect Emeritus of the Congregation for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments, having served as prefect from 2002 to 2008.

paragraphs: He is the Cardinal Bishop of Velletri-Segni (succeeding Joseph Ratzinger, who became Pope Benedict XVI) since 2005. Arinze was one of the principal advisors to Pope John Paul II, and was thought "papabile" before the 2005 papal conclave, which elected Benedict XVI.


title: Newton, Kansas

paragraphs: Newton is a city in and the county seat of Harvey County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2010 census, the city population was 19,132. Newton is north of Wichita. The city of North Newton is north of Newton.


title: Arthur Levitt

paragraphs: Arthur Levitt Jr. (born February 3, 1931) is an American journalist and politician. He was the twenty-fifth and longest-serving Chairman of the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) from 1993 to 2001. Since May 2001 he has been employed as a senior adviser at the Carlyle Group. Levitt previously served as a policy advisor to Goldman Sachs and is a Director of Bloomberg LP, parent of Bloomberg News.


title: William H. Donaldson

paragraphs: William Henry Donaldson (born June 2, 1931) is an American politician. He was the 27th Chairman of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), serving from February 2003 to June 2005.

paragraphs: Donaldson served as Under Secretary of State for International Security Affairs in the Nixon Administration. He was a special adviser to Vice President Nelson Rockefeller, Chairman and CEO of the New York Stock Exchange, and Chairman, President and CEO of Aetna. Donaldson founded Donaldson, Lufkin & Jenrette.


title: David Sturtevant Ruder

paragraphs: David Sturtevant Ruder (May 25, 1929 – February 15, 2020) was an American politician and professor Northwestern University School of Law, where he has served on the faculty from 1961 until his death, and where he served as dean from 1977 to 1985.

paragraphs: Ruder served as chairman of U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission from 1987 to 1989, and later practiced with the Chicago-based law firm Baker & McKenzie. He served as chairman of the Mutual Fund Directors Forum, an organization providing education to independent directors of mutual funds, from 2002 to 2010 and was the organization's chairman emeritus.


title: Gérard Genette

paragraphs: Gérard Genette (7 June 1930 – 11 May 2018) was a French literary theorist. He was born in Paris. His works were about the structuralist movement and such figures as Roland Barthes and Claude Lévi-Strauss. He adapted the concept of "bricolage". He was awarded the Officer of the Order of Arts and Letters in 2016.

paragraphs: After leaving the French Communist Party, Genette was a member of Socialisme ou Barbarie during 1957–8. Among other positions, Genette was research director at the École des hautes études en sciences sociales and a visiting professor at Yale University.

paragraphs: Genette died on 11 May 2018 at the age of 87.


title: Manchalloor

paragraphs: Manchalloor is a village near Pathanapuram in Kollam district in the state of Kerala, India.

paragraphs: Manchallor is a part of Pathanapuram assembly constituency in Mavelikkara (Lok Sabha constituency). Shri. K. B. Ganesh Kumar is the MLA of Pathanpuram. Shri.Kodikkunnil Suresh is the current member of parliament of Mavelikkara.

paragraphs: Manchalloor is a small village on the border of Pathanapuram and Thalavoor panchayats. It is divided by the Kallada River. Manchalloor is a junction in the Pathanapuram-Kottarakkara road. It connects places Kundayam, Nedumparampu, etc. Pidavoor bridge is a main landmark of Manchalloor.

paragraphs: Malayalam is the native language of Manchalloor.


title: Folds of Honor QuikTrip 500

paragraphs: The Folds of Honor Quiktrip 500 is a Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series stock car race held at Atlanta Motor Speedway in Hampton, Georgia. The race is sponsored by QuikTrip, along with the nonprofit organization Folds of Honor, and is run as the second race of the Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series.

paragraphs: This race was originally Atlanta's second race of the season and was run as a late season event for much of its history. From 1987 until 2001, the race was scheduled in November as the final race of the NASCAR season. From 2002 until 2008, the race was moved to October in favor of awarding the final race weekend to Homestead-Miami Speedway and became part of what is now the NASCAR Chase for the Championship in 2004. In 2009, Atlanta swapped fall race dates with Auto Club Speedway and the race was moved to Labor Day weekend. From 2011 onward, this has been Atlanta's only race date as its spring race was moved to Kentucky Speedway and run later in the year.

paragraphs: In the most recent round of schedule changing, NASCAR elected to move the Labor Day weekend race back to Darlington Raceway, which hosted the Southern 500 on that weekend from 1950 until 2003, and moved Atlanta's lone date back to the early season.

paragraphs: From 1987 until 2001, the race was scheduled as the final race of the NASCAR season, and thus was typically the event in which the champion was decided. Several times, however, the championship had already been clinched prior to this race, rendering the race anti-climactic. In some cases, the championship would be decided the moment the points leader took the green flag to start the race - effectively clinching enough championship points by finishing last or better.

paragraphs: The 1992 race marked the final race for Richard Petty, and coincidentally, the debut for Jeff Gordon. With six drivers eligible for the Winston Cup Championship, the race is widely regarded as one of the greatest NASCAR races of all time. Alan Kulwicki, who finished second in the race, edged out Bill Elliott, the race winner, by leading one more lap in the race. Kulwicki won the NASCAR Winston Cup title by a then-record margin of only 10 points.

paragraphs: The 1998 race was run mostly at night after a long rain delay; despite the inexperience with the lights, newly installed for an Indy Racing League race, NASCAR and the teams agreed to attempt finishing the race at night. It was shortened to 221 laps because it was after 11:00 p.m. EST and NASCAR wanted to "get the fans out at a decent hour". The 1999 Cracker Barrel 500 also ended at night. This would mark a springboard of sorts at finishing delayed races at night by utilizing a track's permanent lighting system.

paragraphs: In 2001, the race was scheduled as the season finale, however, it ended up being the second-to-last race. The New Hampshire 300 was postponed from September 16 to the Friday after Thanksgiving, due to 9/11. Beginning in 2002 the race was moved to mid-October as NASCAR elected to hold its final race at Homestead-Miami Speedway instead of Atlanta. The 2003 race started a tradition of night qualifying at Atlanta, which has carried over to the spring race as well.

paragraphs: In 2006, the race start time was changed from 12:40 p.m. EDT to 2:55 p.m. EDT in order to finish the race at night. Driver complaints erupted because of the track's troublesome situation where the sun can get into the driver's eyes in Turn 1, including leading to a crash during the time the sun sets in that area of the track between Jeff Gordon and Jamie McMurray, led to the abandonment of the 3 PM start after this race.

paragraphs: In 2009, the race was moved Labor Day weekend as part of a realignment agreement with Auto Club Speedway, which had received the Labor Day weekend race in 2004, and Talladega Superspeedway, where Talladega's fall race moved to the Atlanta race weekend and Fontana received a race in the Chase in Talladega's spot.

paragraphs: In 2015, Atlanta's lone race date moved to the second week of the season in early March, with the Bojangles' Southern 500 at Darlington Raceway returning to its traditional Labor Day weekend date. Atlanta will be run on a Sunday afternoon. This event used to be called the Oral-B USA 500, and this event used to be aired on ESPN for 6 years preceding the Irwin Tools Night Race at Bristol Motor Speedway and the Federated Auto Parts 400 at Richmond International Raceway

paragraphs: This race, Atlanta's second of the season, had been rumored to be either eliminated or moved several times in recent years. Most recently, track owner Bruton Smith, president of Speedway Motorsports, Inc., was talking with International Speedway Corporation about a possible date switch with one of its tracks. On February 29, 2008, Smith proposed a move that involved the fall Atlanta race and the Pepsi 500, the Labor Day weekend race held at Auto Club Speedway. Doing so gave the Fontana, California track a race in the Chase for the Championship as well as return the Labor Day weekend race to the southern U.S. for the first time since the second-to-last Southern 500 was run. It also makes the three races that precede the beginning of the Chase closer to each other geographically. Prior to the realignment, the teams raced in the Sharpie 500 at Bristol the week before Labor Day, then traveled cross country for the Pepsi 500, then came back across the country to run the Chevy Rock & Roll 400 at Richmond the following Saturday.

paragraphs: Ultimately, NASCAR adjusted the schedule as announced on August 19, 2008 to allow the fall race at Atlanta and the Chase event to Fontana to be swapped, but also in the process moved the AMP Energy 500 at Talladega Superspeedway to Atlanta's old date — usually the last weekend in October — and the aforementioned Pepsi 500 was placed in the old Talladega date, the first weekend in October beginning in 2009.


title: Yeroor

paragraphs: Yeroor is a village situated near Anchal, Kollam district, Kerala, India.

paragraphs: Yeroor is a part of Punalur assembly constituency in Kollam (Lok Sabha constituency). Shri. K. Raju is the current MLA of Punalur. Shri.N. K. Premachandran is the current member of parliament of Kollam.


title: Manappally

paragraphs: Manppally is a small village in Kollam district, Kerala, India. It is located near Thazhava.

paragraphs: Manappally is a part of Karunagappally assembly constituency in Alappuzha (Lok Sabha constituency). Shri. R. Ramachandran is the current MLA of Karunagappally. Shri. K. C. Venugopal is the current member of parliament of Alappuzha.

paragraphs: There are some worship centres in Manappally. St. Mary's Salem Orthodox Church is an example for it.


title: Kundayam

paragraphs: Kundayam is a village in Kollam district, Kerala state, India. It is located near Pathanapuram.

paragraphs: Kundayam is a part of Pathanapuram assembly constituency in Mavelikkara (Lok Sabha constituency). Shri. K. B. Ganesh Kumar is the current MLA of Pathanpuram. Shri. Kodikkunnil Suresh is the current member of parliament of Mavelikkara.


title: Panampatta

paragraphs: Panampatta is a village situated near Pathanapuram in Kollam district, Kerala state, India.

paragraphs: Panampatta is a part of Pathanapuram assembly constituency in Mavelikkara (Lok Sabha constituency). Shri. K. B. Ganesh Kumar is the current MLA of Pathanpuram. Shri. Kodikkunnil Suresh is the current member of parliament of Mavelikkara.

paragraphs: Panampatta is a small village in Thalavoor panchayat. Panampatta is junction in Pathanapuram-Kottarakkara road. It connects places such as Karyara, etc. Vellangadu bridge is one of the main landmark of Panampatta.


title: National Association of Broadcasters

paragraphs: The National Association of Broadcasters (NAB) is a trade association and lobby group representing the interests of commercial and non-commercial over-the-air radio and television broadcasters in the United States. The NAB represents more than 8,300 radio and television tsations as well as broadcast networks.

paragraphs: As of 2015, the president and CEO of the NAB is Gordon Smith, a former United States Senator from Oregon.

paragraphs: The NAB was founded as the National Association of Radio Broadcasters (NARB) in April 1923 at the Drake Hotel in Chicago.


title: University of Sarajevo

paragraphs: The University of Sarajevo (Bosnian: Univerzitet u Sarajevu / Универзитет у Сарајеву) is a public university in Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is the largest and oldest university in the country.

paragraphs: With 20 faculties, three academies and three faculties of theology and with 30,866 enrolled students as of 2014, it ranks among the largest universities in the Balkans in terms of enrollment. Since opening its doors in 1949, a total of 122,000 students received bachelor's degrees, 3,891 received master's degrees and 2,284 received doctorate degrees in 45 different fields. It is now widely regarded as the most prestigious university in Bosnia and Herzegovina, and employs more than one thousand faculty members.

paragraphs: The main objective of all the university's current activities is to raise the quality of studies, to create a contemporary university of European origins, which will be a respectable representative of Bosnia and Herzegovina on the international level and a promoter of the traditional, historical, cultural, scientific and artistic values of the country, and Southeastern Europe.

paragraphs: The University comprises 32 faculties, academies and colleges, further subdivided into 6 academic groups, and an additional number of other programs:


title: Rasmussen Reports

paragraphs: Rasmussen Reports is an American polling company, which was founded in 2003. The company works with the collection, publication, and distribution of public opinion polling information.

paragraphs: Rasmussen Reports conducts nightly tracking, at national and state levels, of elections, politics, current events, consumer confidence, business topics, and the United States president's job approval ratings.


title: California Highway Patrol

paragraphs: The California Highway Patrol (CHP) is a law enforcement agency of the state of California. The purpose of the CHP is to ensure safety and enforce traffic laws on all California highways and unincorporated areas within the state of California. The CHP promotes traffic safety by inspecting commercial vehicles, as well as inspecting and certifying school buses, ambulances, and other specialized vehicles.


title: People's Park (Berkeley)

paragraphs: People's Park in Berkeley, California is a park located off Telegraph Avenue. It bounded by Haste and Bowditch streets and Dwight Way, near the University of California, Berkeley.

paragraphs: The park was created during the radical political activism of the late 1960s.


title: Stanley Falkow

paragraphs: Stanley Falkow, PhD, (24 January, 1934 – 5 May, 2018) was an American microbiologist and a professor of microbiology and immunology at Stanford University School of Medicine. He was known for his study of how infectious microbes and host cells interact to cause disease at the molecular level. He created molecular Koch's postulates, which have guided the study of the microbial determinants of infectious diseases since the late 1980s.

paragraphs: Falkow died on May 5, 2018 at the age of 84 at his home in Portola Valley, California of complications from myelodysplastic syndrome.


title: Collared dove

paragraphs: Collared doves (Eurasian collared dove, "Streptopelia decaocto") are relatively small and slim doves. Males and females look alike, with a pastel buff/grey body with pink accents and slightly darker grey on their wings and tail. It is about 32 cm long. They nest near inhabited buildings for preference.

paragraphs: This dove is hugely successful in the present-day world. It is one of the great colonisers of the bird world. It has travelled far beyond its original range to colonise colder countries. It is now a permanent resident in several of these northern countries. The species has also colonised much of North America.


title: Antonio Mercero

paragraphs: Antonio Mercero Juldain (7 March 1936 – 12 May 2018) was a Spanish movie and television director and screenwriter. He was born in Lasarte-Oria, Spain.

paragraphs: Mercero was best known as the director of a 1972 surrealist short horror movie titled "La cabina". He won an Emmy Award. His 1998 movie "A Time for Defiance" was entered into the 21st Moscow International Film Festival where it won the Special Silver St. George.

paragraphs: In 2010 he was awarded a Honorary Goya Award (Goya de Honor).

paragraphs: Mercero died of complications from Alzheimer's disease on 12 May 2018 in Madrid at the age of 82.


title: Hossam Hassan

paragraphs: Hossam Hassan Hussein (; born 10 August 1966) is an Egyptian retired footballer. He played as a striker. He is the current manager of Al-Masry in the Egyptian Premier League.

paragraphs: He is known for being a goalscorer, he is Egypt's all-time top scorer. He scored 70 goals in 169 matches. His twin brother Ibrahim also played professional football. They played in the same team for most of their careers.

paragraphs: Hassan played in the 1990 World Cup and seven Africa Cup of Nations tournaments.


title: Nikah

paragraphs: Islamic law has the concept of marriage called Nikah (نكاح). Normal marriages do not end, unless they are divorced. In addition, there is a marriage for a given time, called Nikah Mut'a. Sunni Islam does not recognize Nikah Mut'a; they say it is a legitimisation of prostitution. Despite this, some Sunni schools of law have developed similar concepts.

paragraphs: In Nikah, both husband and wife are asked three times for consent to intercourse with witnesses so later on no one can claim rape.


title: Richard Bachman

paragraphs: Richard Bachman is a pen name used by horror fiction author Stephen King.

paragraphs: At the beginning of Stephen King's career, the general view among publishers was that an author was limited to one book per year. They thought publishing more would not be seen as good to the public. King wanted to write under another name so he could write more than one book per year. His publisher, Signet Books, agreed to print more books under a pseudonym.

paragraphs: In the start of "The Bachman Books," King said using the "nom de plume" Bachman was to see if his success was due to talent or luck. King said he put out the Bachman books with very little marketing. He did his best to "load the dice against" Bachman. King never found the answer to the "talent versus luck" question. He said he let everyone know that he was Bachman too soon. The Bachman book "Thinner" (1984) sold 28,000 copies during its first printing. When it was told that King wrote the book, the sales went up by ten times.

paragraphs: The pseudonym King first picked (Gus Pillsbury) is the name of King's mother's grandfather. At the last moment King changed the name to Richard Bachman. Richard is the same as crime author Donald E. Westlake's pseudonym Richard Stark. (The last name Stark "was" later used in King's book "The Dark Half." Bachman was picked from Bachman–Turner Overdrive, a rock and roll band King was listening to at the time his publisher asked him to choose a pseudonym on the spot.

paragraphs: King dedicated Bachman's early books — "Rage" (1977), "The Long Walk" (1979), "Roadwork" (1981), and "The Running Man" (1982) — to people close to him. The link between King and his shadow writer was found out after a Washington, D.C. bookstore clerk, Steve Brown, noted things that seemed the same between the writing styles of King and Bachman. Brown located publisher's records at the Library of Congress which included a document naming King as the author of one of Bachman's novels. Brown wrote to King's publishers with a copy of the papers he found. He asked them what to do. Two weeks later, King telephoned Brown himself. King told Brown that he should write an article about how he found the truth. King let Brown interview him. At the time of the announcement in 1985, King was working on "Misery," which he was going to put out as a Bachman book.

paragraphs: In 1987, the Bachman novel "The Running Man" gave the idea for the Paul Glaser movie of the same name. King did not want his name to be on the credits. The screen credit for the movie went to Richard Bachman.

paragraphs: King used the "relationship" between himself and Bachman as a theme in his 1989 book "The Dark Half." In the book a writer's darker pseudonym takes on a life of its own. King dedicated "The Dark Half" to "the late Richard Bachman." There were plans to make the book a collaboration between the two, but this was later thrown out.

paragraphs: In 1996, Bachman's "The Regulators" came out, with the publishers saying the book's manuscript was found among Bachman's leftover papers by his widow. It was released as a companion novel with King's "Desperation"; the two novels took place in different universes but featured many of the same characters. The two book covers were designed to be placed together to form a single picture. In the foreword by King included with "Desperation" he said that there may be another Bachman novel left to be "found."

paragraphs: The next Bachman book to be 'discovered' was "Blaze." "Blaze" was an unpublished novel that King wrote before "Carrie" or the creation of Richard Bachman. For its publication King rewrote, edited, and updated the entire book. It was published in 2007 under the Bachman pseudonym, with a foreword by King under his own name.

paragraphs: King has taken full ownership of the Bachman name on numerous occasions, as with the republication of the first four Bachman titles as "The Bachman Books: Four Early Novels by Stephen King" in 1985. The introduction, titled "Why I Was Bachman," details the whole Bachman/King story. (In 1996, the collection was reissued with a new King essay, "The Importance of Being Bachman.")

paragraphs: Richard Bachman was also referred to in Stephen King's "The Dark Tower" series of books. In the fifth book, "," the scary children's book "Charlie the Choo Choo" is said to be written by "Claudia y Inez Bachman." The spelling discrepancy of the added 'y' was later explained as a deus ex machina on the part of "The White" (a force of good throughout King's "Tower" series) to bring the total number of letters in her name to nineteen, a number prominent in King's series. In the next novel of the series, "," Stephen King briefly discusses his Richard Bachman pseudonym.

paragraphs: After the Heath High School shooting, King announced that he would allow "Rage" to go out of print. He feared that it might inspire similar tragedies. "Rage" for a time continued to be available in the United Kingdom in "The Bachman Books" collection. Now the collection no longer has "Rage". In a footnote to the preface of "Blaze," dated 30 January 2007, King wrote of "Rage": "Now out of print, and a good thing." King's other Bachman novels are available in the US in separate volumes.

paragraphs: In 2010, King appeared on the FX television show "Sons of Anarchy" in a cameo role. His character, named Bachman, did contract work quietly getting rid of dead bodies.

paragraphs: In issue 29 of the comic adaptation of "The Stand", Richard Bachman appears as one of the top lieutenants of Randall Flagg. He replaced the character of Whitney Horgan from the original book. He is drawn to look like King.

paragraphs: In the 2013 "Grimm" episode "Nameless", Richard Bachman, being a pseudonym of Stephen King, was a plot point. King's novel, "Rage", had its title page used as a prop for the killer to write a note to the police.

paragraphs: King wrote a short story, "The Fifth Quarter", under the pseudonym "John Swithen" (the name of a character in the book "Carrie"), that was published in "Cavalier" magazine April 1972. The story was later reprinted in King's collection "Nightmares & Dreamscapes" in 1993 under his own name. In the introduction to the Bachman novel "Blaze", King claims, with tongue-in-cheek, that "Bachman" was the person using the Swithen pseudonym .


title: Shlomo Lahat

paragraphs: Shlomo Lahat (9 September 1927 – 1 October 2014) was an Israeli general and politician. He served as Mayor of Tel Aviv from 1974 until 1993. He was a member of Likud.

paragraphs: Lahat was born in Berlin, Germany. He and his family moved to Israel in 1933 during the Nazi uprising. During his final years, Lahat had Alzheimer's disease.

paragraphs: Lahat died from a lung infection on 1 October 2014 in Tel Aviv. He was 86.


title: Bhaati Gate

paragraphs: The Bhaati Gate is one of the 12 old gates of Lahore's walled city, now in Pakistan. It dates from Mughal times.

paragraphs: The Bhaati Gate was named after the Bhatti tribe of Rajputs who used to live here in large numbers. It also has an old bazaar, or market called "Bazaar i Hakiman" (Bazaar of the Doctors) where traditional doctors or medical experts, used to help sick people. Another famous place here is the Fakir Khana Museum, made by the Fakir Family.

paragraphs: For a long time, the Bhaati Gate area was also the 'literary home' to many famous writers, living here. These included Maulana Muhammad Hussain Azad (a student of Mirza Ghalib), Pakistan's national poet Allama Muhammad Iqbal, Hakim Ahmad Shuja, Syed Imtiaz Ali Taj, Agha Hashr and others.

paragraphs: Bhaati area also has many other old buildings and shops etc., that are of interest to tourists.


title: Bhatti

paragraphs: The Bhatti (sometimes also written Bhaati) are a tribe of Rajputs and Jats. They live in India and Pakistan.

paragraphs: In the past, this tribe was quite famous. The Bhaati Gate in Lahore is named after them. A famous Folk hero from this tribe was Dulla Bhatti.


title: Riding habit

paragraphs: A riding habit is a suit of clothing worn by women when they ride horses. It includes a jacket, a long skirt, a shirt, and a hat. The hat often looks like a man's hat. The rider also wears boots, a necktie, and gloves. Riding habits were first worn in the 18th century.


title: Naturalism (literature)

paragraphs: Naturalism was a 19th century literary movement. It was a development of the realism movement. Realism attempted to show subjects as they actually were, honestly and naturally. Naturalism added scientific elements such as environment and heredity to fictional characters. Unlike realism, naturalism used characters who were of the lower classes. It was also known for themes including taboo and violence. Émile Zola was the best-known writer of the literary school of naturalism. He was joined by other writers such as Gustave Flaubert, and Alphonse Daudet.


title: Moose Pond

paragraphs: Moose Pond is a pond in the U.S. state of Maine.


title: Acidophile

paragraphs: An acidophile is an extremophile organism which thrives in extremely acidic conditions. What "acidic" usually means here is environments at pH 2.0 or below. These organisms can be found in different branches of the tree of life, including Archaea, Bacteria, and a few eukaryotes.

paragraphs: Inside the organisms, their cells are at a normal pH. They have evolved mechanisms which pump protons (H) out of the intracellular space in order to keep the cytoplasm at or near neutral pH.


title: Alkaliphile

paragraphs: An alkaliphile is an organism that lives and grows well in extremely alkaline conditions that are harmful to most life on Earth. To be considered an alkaliphile, the organism must have optimal growth in environments with a pH level of 9.0 or above.

paragraphs: Surviving and growing in an environment that has a high pH level is very difficult. Many processes in the cell are blocked by high pH levels. Alkaline conditions change DNA, and make the plasma membrane of the cell unstable. Alkaliphiles have two basic methods of dealing with these problems: Either they have a way of making the environment more acidic, or they have adapted the cellular processes, so that they work best in highly alkaline conditions. To find out which of the two mechanisms a specific organism uses, experiments are needed.


title: Jonny Gomes

paragraphs: Jonny Gomes (born November 22, 1980) is an American former professional baseball outfielder. He played for the Tampa Bay Devil Rays/Rays, Cincinnati Reds, Washington Nationals, Oakland Athletics, Boston Red Sox, Atlanta Braves, and Kansas City Royals.


title: Jerrie Mock

paragraphs: Jerrie Mock (November 22, 1925 – September 30, 2014) was the first woman who flew around the world by herself. She did so in 1964. She flew a single engine Cessna 180. It was named "Spirit of Columbus" and nicknamed "Charlie". The trip began on March 19, 1964 in Columbus, Ohio. It ended on April 17, 1964, also in Columbus. The trip took 29 days.

paragraphs: Mock was born in Newark, Ohio. She was found dead in Quincy, Florida.


title: Counterattack

paragraphs: A counterattack is a tactic used in response to an attack. The modern term became popular in "war games". The purpose is to neutralize or stop the advantage gained by an enemy during an attack. At the same time it is used to regain lost ground or destroy the attacking enemy. A counterattack depends on surprise, speed, and doing what the enemy does not expect. To be most effective it needs to be launched before an enemy has time to get organized and has not yet strengthened his new position. The Chinese general and strategist Sun Tzu (544 BC – 496 BC) is the earliest writer who mentioned the advantages of a bold counterattack.


title: Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi

paragraphs: Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi (28 July 1971 – 26 October 2019) was an Iraqi terrorist and politician. His followers in the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL) call him their Caliph. On 4 October 2011, the US State Department listed al-Baghdadi as a Specially Designated Global Terrorist, and announced a reward of up to US$10 million for information leading to his capture or death.

paragraphs: On , the Syrian Observatory for Human Rights was quoted by "Reuters" and "AFP" as saying that it had "confirmed information" that al-Baghdadi has been killed by a Russian airstrike in Syria sometime in June 2017 at the either age of 45.

paragraphs: However, on 28 September 2017, Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant released a 46-minute audio recording of Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi in which he refers to events that had happened since the death rumors, including North Korean threats against Japan and United States and the recapture of Mosul by U.S. backed Iraqi forces in July.

paragraphs: On 26 October 2019, Baghdadi killed himself by detonating a suicide vest during a United States special operations raid in Syria's northwestern Idlib province in a village called Barisha. This is confirmed by US President Donald Trump at 9am EST (1300 GMT).

paragraphs: Abu Ibrahim al-Hashimi al-Qurashi replaced him as the leader of ISIS.


title: Sacrifice (2009)

paragraphs: Sacrifice (2009) was a professional wrestling pay-per-view show made by Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA). It was held on May 24, 2009 at the TNA Impact! Zone in Orlando, Florida. It was the fifth Sacrifice event that TNA held.

paragraphs: There were eight matches on the card. The main event was known as the Four Way Ultimate Sacrifice match, which was between TNA World Heavyweight Champion, Mick Foley, against Sting, Kurt Angle, and Jeff Jarrett. Each of the competitors in the match wagered an important aspect of their career: Foley's title, Sting's career, Angle's leadership of the Main Event Mafia, and Jarrett's shares in the company. Two other important matches saw A.J. Styles retaining the TNA Legends Championship against Booker T in an "I Quit" match and Beer Money, Inc. defeating The British Invasion to win the "Team 3D Invitational Tag Team Tournament".

paragraphs: Sacrifice gained positive reviews. Dave Meltzer of the Wrestling Observer Newsletter thought that the show, "overachieved". Melzer gave attention to the "Team 3D Invitational Tag Team Tournament" finals match and the "I Quit" match. The only thing he criticized was some of the illogical booking tactics that were made by the company. James Caldwell of the Pro Wrestling Torch also gave the event a good review but criticized the show in a number of spots, mainly the "I Quit" match: "Best match of the PPV until the finish with Sharmell-Jenna continuing their feud on PPV TV. Keep it on free TV (if TNA is so adamant about continuing this), but don't put that dumb storyline on pay TV. As usual, TNA tries to find a way out of a stipulation. Sucks to rant on that, because the match was awesome and one of Booker's best performances in years."


title: Pincer movement

paragraphs: The pincer movement, or double envelopment, is a tactic in which forces attack both flanks (sides) of an enemy formation at the same time. The pincer movement can be used when opposing forces towards the center of an army. That army responds by moving its outside forces to the enemy's flanks to surround it. At the same time, a second layer of pincers may attack on the more distant flanks to cut off the enemy .

paragraphs: A full pincer movement leads to the attacking army facing the enemy in front, on both flanks, and in the rear. If attacking pincers link up in the enemy's rear, the enemy is . Such battles often end in surrender or destruction of the enemy force. The encircled force can try to break out or counterattack. A successful flanking maneuver can be difficult to accomplish.

paragraphs: Sun Tzu, in "The Art of War", talked about the maneuver. But he made the point to leave a surrounded enemy an escape route. Otherwise, faced with death, a surrounded enemy would fight much harder. This advice seems to have been followed by General George Patton when his sweeping pincer movement trapped the German army in the Falaise pocket in August 1944.


title: Sidesaddle

paragraphs: Riding sidesaddle is a type of horseback riding. Sidesaddle riding uses a special saddle. This saddle allows the rider to sit 'aside' rather than 'astride' a horse. Astride means the rider's legs are opened with one leg on each side of the horse. In sidesaddle, the rider's legs are basically closed and both legs are on the same side of the horse. Girls and women mostly ride sidesaddle. Riding sidesaddle allows them to use a modest posture while showing off their nicest riding habits. There are two categories for competition, Junior and Senior classes.

paragraphs: Women sitting aside a horse to ride began in ancient history. It later became popular in European countries in the Middle Ages. This gave women wearing skirts a way to ride a horse in a modest way while also wearing their fancy clothes. It is still popular with some modern riders.


title: Battle of Valverde

paragraphs: The Battle of Valverde was an American Civil War battle fought from February 20 to February 21, 1862. It was fought near the present day town of Valverde, New Mexico. This town was at a ford across the Rio Grande river in what was at the time Confederate Arizona. The battle was a major success in the New Mexico campaign of the Southern states. The Confederate cavalry from Texas and several companies of Arizona militia fought Union Army regulars and Union volunteers from northern New Mexico and Colorado. Colonel Kit Carson commanded the 1st New Mexico (Union) Infantry.


title: Characterization

paragraphs: Characterization is the idea of making characters for a narrative. It is a literary element and may be used in dramatic works of art or everyday conversation. Characters can be shown by description. They can also be shown through their speech, thoughts, or actions.


title: Literary element

paragraphs: A literary element is a part of books and stories of narrative fiction. It is kind of verbal storytelling. It can be found in any written or spoken narrative. This is different than literary techniques. For example, plot, theme, and tone are literary elements. Figurative language, irony, or foreshadowing are literary techniques.

paragraphs: Literary elements help in the discussion and understanding of a work of literature as basic categories of critical analysis; literary elements could be said to be made by the readers of a work just as much as they are produced by its author. They are a kind of literary education at the primary and secondary level. A set of terms often appear in a school's student evaluations. For example, the New York State Comprehensive English Regents Examinations make students use and talk about literary elements relating to works in each of the two essays.


title: Narrative

paragraphs: A narrative is a literary term for the events that make up a story. It is the way the events connect and make up the plot of a story or book.

paragraphs: A narrative reports connected events, presented to the person reading or listener in a sequence of written or spoken words.

paragraphs: A common term for narrative is plot. The study on structure in narratives is called narratology.


title: TNA Unbreakable

paragraphs: Unbreakable was a professional wrestling pay-per-view show made by Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA). It was held on September 11, 2005 at the TNA Impact! Zone in Orlando, Florida. It was the first and only Unbreakable event that TNA held and was also the ninth event in TNA's 2005 pay-per-view schedule.

paragraphs: There were nine matches on the card and two pre-show matches. The main event was a Three Way match between then-champion Christopher Daniels, A.J. Styles and Samoa Joe. Styles ended up winning the match and became the new X Division Champion. Another top card match saw Raven defeat Rhino in a Raven's Rules match for the NWA World Heavyweight Championship.

paragraphs: Unbreakable gained positive reviews. The Three Way TNA X Division Championship match earned a rare 5 star rating from Dave Meltzer which was the first that the promotion had received. Corey David Lacroix of the professional wrestling section of the Canadian Online Explorer rated the show 8 out of 10, and said "TNA's Unbreakable PPV was an astounding buffet of action, catering to the variety of tastes among professional wrestling fans."


title: Step Up All In

paragraphs: Step Up All In is an American 2014 romantic and musical drama movie. The movie is about a dance crew that are rejected at every audition they go to. The crew decide to leave Los Angeles and come back to Miami. Briana Evigan plays Andie. Alyson Stoner plays Camille.

paragraphs: This movie was released on August 8, 2014. It got mixed reviews from critics. It made more than $86 million in the box office.


title: Literary technique

paragraphs: A literary technique is any method an author uses to tell their message. This makes it easy to tell them from literary elements, which are mostly found in literature.


title: Pedro Peña (actor)

paragraphs: Pedro Peña Allén (December 14, 1925 – October 2, 2014) was an Spanish actor. He was known for his roles in "Médico de familia" (1995), "Un paso adelante" (2002) and "Dulce" (2011). He was born in Tordehumos, Spain.

paragraphs: Peña died in Madrid, Spain from Alzheimer's disease, aged 88.


title: Lynsey de Paul

paragraphs: Lynsey de Paul (11 June 1948 – 1 October 2014) was an English singer-songwriter. She was known for representing the U.K. in the 1977 with Mike Moran on "Rock Bottom" at Eurovision. She was also known for her songs, ""Sugar Me"", "Getting a Drag",""Won't Somebody Dance With Me"", <nowiki>"</nowiki>Ooh I Do", "No Honestly", "My Man and Me", ""Storm In A Teacup"" and ""Sleeping Blue Nights"".

paragraphs: De Paul was born in London, England. She was never married, but was known for being in relationships with Ringo Starr, Roy Wood, James Coburn, Sean Connery, Bill Kenwright, Bernie Taupin, Chas Chandler and Dudley Moore.

paragraphs: De Paul suffered a brain hemorrhage on the morning of 1 October 2014. She died in a London hospital hours later, aged 66.


title: Losing My Religion

paragraphs: "Losing My Religion" is a 1991 rock song from R.E.M.. The song became R.E.M.'s highest charting song for the United States. It hit #4 on "Billboard" Hot 100. It was nominated for several Grammy Awards. It won two.

paragraphs: The song was released on February 19, 1991.

paragraphs: R.E.M. guitarist Peter Buck wrote the riff and chorus to the song on a mandolin while learning to play it. Buck had just bought the instrument and was recording the music as he practiced. Buck said that "when I listened back to it the next day, there was a bunch of stuff that was really just me learning how to play mandolin, and then there's what became 'Losing My Religion', and then a whole bunch more of me learning to play the mandolin."


title: Literary term

paragraphs: A literary term is a word that is used in talking or writing about books and stories. They are words used to describe various forms of writing by an author.


title: Joyride (album)

paragraphs: Joyride is the third studio album by Roxette. The album has the songs "Joyride" and "Fading Like a Flower". "Joyride" hit #1 on the "Billboard" Hot 100. In June 1991, it became the best selling album in Europe for 2 weeks.

paragraphs: This album was released on March 28, 1991.


title: Ken Dunek

paragraphs: Ken Dunek (born June 20, 1957) was a professional football player with the Philadelphia Eagles. Dunek went to college at Memphis State (now known as University of Memphis). During college, he played forward on the basketball team. He switched to football his senior year. In 1980, he started playing with the Philadelphia Eagles. Since leaving the Eagles, he has worked as an author and motivational speaker.


title: Foreshadowing

paragraphs: Foreshadowing or guessing ahead is a literary device by which an author hints what is to come. It is used to avoid disappointment, and sometimes used to arouse readers.


title: Joyride (song)

paragraphs: "Joyride" is a 1991 song from Roxette. The song is about falling in love.

paragraphs: The single topped the charts in Europe, the United States and Australia. It hit #1 on the "Billboard" Hot 100.

paragraphs: The song was released on February 27, 1991.


title: Frieda Szwillus

paragraphs: Frieda Szwillus (née Hennig; 30 March 1902 – 21 September 2014) was a German supercentenarian. She had been Germany's oldest living person from 22 April 2014 until her death almost 5 months later. She lived to be 112 years old and 175 days.

paragraphs: Szwillus died in Raschau-Markersbach, Saxony, Germany.


title: Pope Shenouda III of Alexandria

paragraphs: Pope Shenouda III (3 August 1923 – 17 March 2012) was the 117th Pope of Alexandria & Patriarch of the See of St. Mark. His papacy lasted for forty years, four months, and four days from 14 November 1971 until his death on 17 March 2012.

paragraphs: Pope Shenouda III died on 17 March 2012 in Cairo, Egypt from respiratory and kidney failure, aged 88.