paragraphs: The Royal Society for the Protection of Birds (RSPB) is an organisation registered in Great Britain as a charity. It was founded as the Plumage League in 1889 by Emily Williamson.

paragraphs: The RSPB works to promote conservation and protection of birds and the wider environment. It runs public awareness campaigns and petitions, and it operates nature reserves throughout the United Kingdom.

paragraphs: The RSPB has 2,000 employees, 17,600 volunteers and more than a million members (including 150,000 youth members). It is the largest wildlife conservation charity in Europe. The RSPB has many local groups and maintains 200 nature reserves.

paragraphs: The group gained popularity and eventually amalgamated with the Fur and Feather League in Croydon to form the RSPB.

paragraphs: The original members of the RSPB were all women. They campaigned against the fashion of wearing exotic feathers in hats. To this end the Society had two simple rules:

paragraphs: At the time of founding, the trade in plumage for use in hats was very large: in the first quarter of 1884, almost 7,000 bird-of-paradise skins were being imported to Britain, along with 0.4 million birds from the West Indies and Brazil, and 0.36 million birds from British India.

paragraphs: The Society attracted support from some women of high social standing who belonged to the social classes that popularised the wearing of feathered hats, including the Duchess of Portland (who became the Society's first President) and the Ranee of Sarawak. The organisation began to attract the support of many other influential figures, both male and female, such as the ornithologist Professor Alfred Newton. The society received a Royal Charter in 1904 from Edward VII. It petitioned Parliament to introduce laws banning the use of plumage in clothing.


title: Eddie Boyd

paragraphs: Edward Riley Boyd (later Eddie Boyd; November 25, 1914 – July 13, 1994) was an American blues pianist. He wrote and recorded the songs "Five Long Years" (1952) "24 Hours" (1953) and "Third Degree" (also 1953).

paragraphs: He later moved to Europe because he was tired of the racial discrimination in the United States.

paragraphs: He was born in Clarksdale, Mississippi. He died in Helsinki, Finland.


title: I Want It That Way

paragraphs: "I Want it That Way" is a dance-pop ballad from Backstreet Boys. It is about a relationship that is troubled by emotional or physical distance. In the United States, the song peaked at #6 on the "Billboard" Hot 100. It hit #1 in many other countries.

paragraphs: The song was nominated for three Grammy Awards.


title: William S. Paley

paragraphs: William Samuel Paley (September 28, 1901 – October 26, 1990) was an American businessman, philanthropist, broadcaster and founder of CBS. A Chicago-born cigar salesman, in 1928 he purchased a small group of radio stations. From that start he built CBS into a dominant force in radio and television.

paragraphs: Paley died in New York City on October 26, 1990 from kidney failure, aged 89.


title: Show Me the Meaning of Being Lonely

paragraphs: "Show Me the Meaning of Being Lonely" is a pop ballad from the Backstreet Boys. The song is about missing someone you love and asking the meaning of living a lonely life. On the U.S. "Billboard" Hot 100, the song hit #6. It hit #2 on the Hot Adult Contemporary Chart.

paragraphs: The song was released on December 21, 1999.


title: Henri Coppens

paragraphs: Henri 'Rik' François Louis Coppens (29 April 1930 – 5 February 2015) was a Belgian footballer. He played as a striker. He played 389 games and scored 261 goals for Beerschot AC. Coppens won the first Belgian Golden Shoe in 1954.

paragraphs: For many he's unknown but for others he's the famous creator of the 'Johan Cruyff' penalty.

paragraphs: 5 June, 1957, Belgium was facing Iceland in a World Cup Qualification match. The match started perfectly for Les Diables Rouges who soon were leading the game by a ludicrous 6-1 against a weak and pretty much unknown adversary who still had to face over forty-five minutes of pain.

paragraphs: 44' minute of the game, near the end of the first-half, referee whistles for what would be one of the best penalties of the entire history. 'Rik' Coppens was the one chosen to be the executioner of it but instead of shooting directly to the net, he passed to his teammate André Piters who shot for the 7-1. The game didn't ended there, the second half was open for more goals, specially for Iceland, but were not enough to change a sure winner since it ended with a magnificent 8-3 and with a penalty that changed an entire nation of football lovers since then.

paragraphs: This particular way of scoring a penalty, the two-man penalty, was remade by many over the years, and even failed by many like Thierry Henry and Robert Pirès, but when someone talks about this particular style of scoring there is one name that immediately pops up – Johan Cruyff. A player who, with the help of his teammate Jasper Olsen, when both were players of Ajax, scored one of this amazing penalties against .

paragraphs: Cruyff passed the ball to Jasper who then passed it back to a magnificent and cruel finish that many will remember for years.

paragraphs: After his career as a player, he became a coach with Tubantia Borgerhout (1970-1971), Berchem (1971-1974 and 1977-1981), Beerschot (1974-1977 and 1981-1984) and Club Brugge (1981).


title: Mexico, Maine

paragraphs: Mexico is a town in Oxford County, Maine, United States. The population was 2,681 at the 2010 census.


title: Wes Cooley

paragraphs: Wester Shadric "Wes" Cooley (March 28, 1932 – February 4, 2015) was an American politician and rancher. Cooley was a member of the Republican. He was a U.S. Representative from for the 1995–1997 term. Cooley was born in Los Angeles, California.

paragraphs: Cooley died on February 4, 2015 in Bend, Oregon.


title: Fitzhugh L. Fulton

paragraphs: Fitzhugh L. "Fitz" Fulton, Jr. (June 6, 1925 – February 4, 2015) was an American civilian research pilot at NASA's Dryden Flight Research Center, Edwards, California. He worked at NASA from August 1, 1966 until July 3, 1986. Before working at NASA, Fulton served as a pilot in the U.S. Air Force for 23 years.


title: Mary Healy

paragraphs: Mary Healy (April 14, 1918 – February 3, 2015) was an American actress and singer. She was known for her roles in "Second Fiddle", "Star Dust", and in "The 5,000 Fingers of Dr. T". Healy was born in New Orleans, Louisiana.

paragraphs: Healy died in Calabasas, California from natural causes, aged 96.


title: K. N. Choksy

paragraphs: Kairshasp Nariman Choksy, PC, MP (7 February 1933 – 5 February 2015) (known as "K. N. Choksy") was a Sri Lankan lawyer and politician. He was a former member of the Parliament of Sri Lanka.

paragraphs: He was Cabinet Minister of Finance under Prime Minister Ranil Wickremasinghe. He had also served as Cabinet Minister of Constitutional & State Affairs from 1993 to 1994 under President D. B. Wijetunga and was a member of parliament from 1989 to 2010.


title: Street theatre

paragraphs: Street theatre is a form of theatre performed outdoors. Actors take their performances to street corners, town squares, and markets. They work in public places putting on plays Generally they perform without a paying audience but depend on money dropped in a hat. Street theatre ranges from individual performances to acting companies. In Guerrilla theatre the actors are usually not professionals. They often take on social and political issues. Street theatre uses a minimum of props, costumes and sets. They often have no microphones. This means the actors have to be loud enough for the audience to hear them. It has different names in different places. In Singapore for example it is called street opera.


title: Metro-North Railroad

paragraphs: The Metro-North Commuter Railroad, or Metro-North, is a suburban commuter rail service in New York. It is run by the Metropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA). It is the second largest commuter railroad in the United States. Metro–North goes from New York City to the New York Hudson Valley. It also has stops in Connecticut. Riding Metro-North in New York City costs less than riding it outside the city. There are 122 stations. There are five Metro-North Railroad lines. It has over of track. The lines are more than long.

paragraphs: The MTA also operates New York City Transit subways and buses, and the Long Island Rail Road. It has jurisdiction, through Metro-North, over railroad lines on the western and eastern portions of the Hudson River in New York State. Service on the western side of the Hudson is operated by New Jersey Transit under contract with the MTA. Metro-North operates 124 stations.


title: Brown bread

paragraphs: Brown bread is a name for breads made with a lot of whole grain flour with usually rye or wheat. There is sometimes dark-coloured ingredients such as molasses or coffee.


title: White bread

paragraphs: White bread are breads made with a light color flour. The flour used in white breads may be bleached or lightened by chemicals like potassium bromate, azodicarbonamide, or chlorine dioxide.


title: Nutella

paragraphs: Nutella is the brand name of an Italian sweetened hazelnut chocolate spread. Manufactured by the Italian company Ferrero, it was introduced to the market in 1964. Nutella has 200 calories.


title: Kevin Stemke

paragraphs: Kevin Stemke (born November 23, 1978) is a retired American football punter. He played eight games in the National Football League (NFL). He played for the Oakland Raiders in 2002 and the St. Louis Rams in 2004. Stemke was born in Green Bay, Wisconsin. He is the son of U.S. Olympic soccer player Horst Stemke.

paragraphs: He played college football with the University of Wisconsin Badgers. During his first year, Stemke set the team punting record while averaging 43.9 yards per kick and in his second year, he was able to make the first team in the Big Ten Conference. In his senior year, he was able to break his own school record and averaged 44.5 yards per punt which was also the third best in the United States. He was awarded the very first Ray Guy Award for being the nation's top punter.

paragraphs: Stemke went undrafted in the 2001 NFL Draft but he was signed by the Green Bay Packers on April 23, 2001. The Raiders signed Stemke in August 2002. He played two games with them before he was cut from the team. He was then signed by the Miami Dolphins in January 2003. The Dolphins would send send him to play for the Scottish Claymores of the NFL Europe but they waived him before the start of the NFL regular season. The Washington Redskins cut Stemke along with 13 other players on August 30, 2004.

paragraphs: After being cut, Stemke was signed by the St. Louis Rams in November 2004 in replace of Sean Landeta. The Rams released him before the start of the 2005 season in favor of Reggie Hodges.

paragraphs: Stemke has an award named after him and it is awarded to the Wisconsin high school senior kicker/punter.


title: Andrew Heyward

paragraphs: Andrew John Heyward is an independent media consultant in Manhattan, New York. Heyward is a principal in MarketspaceNext LLC and in his own practice, Heyward Advisory LLC. He is a senior advisor to Monitor Deloitte. He was formerly president of CBS News from January 1996 to November 2005. Before that he was an executive producer for the CBS Evening News (October 1994-January 1996). He has won 12 national Emmy Awards.

paragraphs: Heyward was born in New York in 1950. His parents were E. J. R. and Elisabeth Heyward. In 1972 he graduated magna cum laude from Harvard University. He earned a Bachelor of Arts degree in history and literature. Heyward is a member of Phi Beta Kappa.

paragraphs: He was going to go to Law school but took a job as a production assistant at WNYW-TV in New York. He became a producer. He then was hired by WCBS and became the news producer within a year. In 1981 he took a job as a field producer at CBS. In 1984 he was promoted to senior producer of the CBS Evening News. Then in 1986 he was senior broadcast producer of the CBS Evening News With Dan Rather. In 1994 he became the vice president of CBS News and executive producer of the CBS Evening News. He became president of CBS News in January 1996.


title: Marisa Del Frate

paragraphs: Marisa Del Frate (11 March 1931 – 6 February 2015) was an Italian actress, singer and television personality.

paragraphs: She died in Rome on 6 February 2015 of cancer of unknown primary origin, aged 83.


title: Stanley Motor Carriage Company

paragraphs: The Stanley Motor Carriage Company was an American manufacturer of steam-engine cars. The company was founded in 1898 and incorporated in 1901. The cars made by the company were called Stanley Steamers. They were produced from 1896 to 1924. In the early 1900s steam was used to power locomotives, steamships, even sewing machines. It seemed natural that steam could power cars. Of all the steam driven cars made in the early 20th century, the Stanley Steamer was the best-known and most popular. Today Stanley Steamers are rare automobiles and hard to find outside of museums and a few car collections.

paragraphs: Twins Francis E. Stanley and Freelan O. Stanley were the co-inventors of the Stanley Steamer automobile. Freelan was a teacher and high school principal. Francis was also a teacher, but left teaching in 1874 to become a photographer. In 1885 they both left their jobs and started a company to make photographic plates for photographers. they sold their shop four years later when they moved to Watertown, Massachusetts. They started another photographic plate business, but sold it to Eastman Kodak in 1904. The brothers had become interested in making cars and wanted to do that full time.

paragraphs: Many inventors were working on making cars during this time. The Stanley brothers built their first two cars as a hobby. In 1898 they brought their cars to the first Auto show in the US held in Boston. Cars from the US and Europe were on exhibition. There was also an outdoor competition. Their Stanley Steamers were faster and could climb hills much better than other cars. No gasoline engined car could climb the 15% grade. A Whitney steam car nearly climbed the 20% grade. The Stanley steamer easily climbed the 30% grade.

paragraphs: With the money from the sale of their company to Eastman Kodak, they began making steam cars. In 1899, they produced and sold over 200 cars, more than any other U.S. maker. In 1899, Freelan and his wife Flora drove one of these cars to the top of Mount Washington in New Hampshire, the highest peak in the northeastern United States. The ascent took more than two hours and was notable as being the first time a car had climbed the long Mount Washington Carriage Road; the descent was accomplished by putting the engine in low gear and using the car's brakes. The twins later sold the rights to this early design to Locomobile, and in 1902 they formed the Stanley Motor Carriage Company.

paragraphs: Stanley licensed their designs to several other motor car companies. The White Motor Company was one who used the Stanley design and continued to produce steam cars until 1912. Stanley was the last manufacturer of steam powered cars. As the internal combustion engine designs improved, steam and electric cars lost much of their popularity. The numbers of cars sold went down to less than 600 a year in 1918. That year the Stanley brothers sold the company to Prescott Warren, a Chicago businessman. Francis Stanley died in an automobile accident later the same year (1918). His brother Freelan opened a hotel in Colorado called The Stanley Hotel. He lived to be 91 years old. Stanley Steamers were made until 1924.

paragraphs: Early Stanley cars had bodies made of wood. The bodies were attached to steel frames by leaf springs. Later bodies were made of aluminum. A Kerosene burner heated a drum-shaped boiler. The boiler stored steam. The driver controlled the steam going to the engine by a throttle. There was no need for a transmission. Starting a Stanley in the morning would wake everyone who lived nearby. It sounded like a steam locomotive, hissing and chugging. It was very hard to steal a Stanley Steamer. It took 20 minutes to gather enough steam before it could move. Once it was moving it seemed to have unlimited power. An early Stanley Steamer was capable of 75 miles per hour. In 1906 a Stanley Steamer broke the land speed record at 127 miles per hour in Florida. To operate a Stanley Steamer, the driver had to watch a number of gauges. There were 13 handles, pumps and valves to adjust. They carried only a small amount of water due to its weight. The car could only go about 40 miles before it had to add water. The kerosene burner was known to cause fires. The easier to operate gasoline powered internal combustion engine caused the steam car to become obsolete.


title: Arthur Penn

paragraphs: Arthur Hiller Penn (September 27, 1922 – September 28, 2010) was an American director and producer for movies and television. He directed many movies that got high marks in the 1960s, such as "The Chase" and "Bonnie and Clyde".

paragraphs: He returned to stage and television producing and directing in the 1990s.

paragraphs: Penn was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He died in New York City at age 88 from congestive heart failure.


title: Paweł Huelle

paragraphs: Paweł Marek Huelle (pronunciation: "For the record it's pronounced Hyoola – like the hoop, but with a Y. Pawel's easier: it almost rhymes with gravel.") Huelle is a Polish author, critic, journalist and university lecturer. He was born in Gdańsk, Poland on September 10, 1957.

paragraphs: Huelle studied philology (language) at Gdańsk University. After that, he was the press secretary for Solidarity (Solidarnosc). He also taught various subjects at schools in Gdansk at the same time. Later he worked as the director of the Gdańsk Polish Television Center.

paragraphs: His first novel was "Weiser Dawidek". It was published in 1987. It made him famous in Poland. It is about five young friends in Gdańsk. Polish literary critics called it a masterpiece and the most important Polish literary work of the decade. "Once one begins reading Weiser Dawidek, the book can hardly be put down. Like "Opowiadania", it is written with undeniably great talent." Huelle was the Polish winner of the Samuel-Bogumil-Linde-Preis for 2005.

paragraphs: Most of Huelle's stories are set in Gdańsk. He says that city is "full of all kinds of ghosts. I'm not saying it's beautiful or wonderful in any way – but it's strange." Huelle has also published several short stories


title: Revere, Massachusetts

paragraphs: Revere is a city in Suffolk County, Massachusetts, near downtown Boston. It is named after Paul Revere, an American Revolutionary War patriot. At 2010 United States Census, 51,755 people lived in Revere.


title: Buster Posey

paragraphs: Gerald Dempsey "Buster" Posey III (born March 27, 1987) is an American professional baseball catcher and first baseman for the San Francisco Giants of Major League Baseball. He stands and weighs . He bats and throws right-handed.

paragraphs: Posey grew up in Leesburg, Georgia. He played four sports in high school; when playing baseball, he was very good at hitting and pitching. He attended Florida State University, where he began playing the catcher position.

paragraphs: He won the Golden Spikes Award in 2008 and was selected by the Giants with the fifth overall pick in the 2008 Major League Baseball Draft. Posey made his major league start on September 11, 2009. After beginning the 2010 season in the minor leagues, he was called back up to the major leagues in May. He played first base when he came up, but became the Giants' regular catcher at the end of June.


title: Steven R. Nagel

paragraphs: Steven Ray Nagel (October 27, 1946 – August 21, 2014), (Col, USAF), was an American astronaut, aeronautical and mechanical engineer, test pilot and a United States Air Force pilot. Nagel became a NASA astronaut in August 1979. Nagel retired from the Air Force, effective February 28, 1995 and as an astronaut one month later.

paragraphs: Nagel died on August 21, 2014 after a long battle with cancer.


title: Dara Singh

paragraphs: Dara Singh (19 November 1928 – 12 July 2012) was an Indian wrestler and actor. He started acting in 1952. He was the first sportsman to be nominated to the Rajya Sabha. He worked as Hindi and Punjabi movie producer, director and writer. He acted on movie and television. He was known for his roles in "Jab We Met" (2007), "Kal Ho Naa Ho" (2003) and "Mera Naam Joker" (1972).

paragraphs: Singh died on 12 July 2012 at his home in Mumbai, India from cardiac arrest, aged 83.


title: Deaths in January 2014

paragraphs: The following is a list of notable deaths in January 2014.


title: Deaths in February 2014

paragraphs: The following is a list of notable deaths in February 2014.


title: Deaths in August 2014

paragraphs: The following is a list of notable deaths in August 2014. For notable deaths before the current month, please see "Previous months".


title: Sydney Roosters

paragraphs: The Sydney Roosters are an Australian professional rugby league team. The team is based in the Eastern Suburbs of Sydney, New South Wales. They were founded in 1908. They currently play in the National Rugby League competition. They have won 14 premierships, most recently in 2018.


title: Deaths in March 2014

paragraphs: The following is a list of notable deaths in March 2014.


title: Deaths in April 2014

paragraphs: The following is a list of notable deaths in April 2014.


title: Deaths in May 2014

paragraphs: The following is a list of notable deaths in May 2014.


title: Deaths in June 2014

paragraphs: The following is a list of notable deaths in June 2014.


title: Penrith Panthers

paragraphs: The Penrith Panthers are an Australian professional rugby league team. The team is based in Penrith, western Sydney, New South Wales. They were founded in 1966. They currently play in the National Rugby League competition. They have won two premierships, most recently in 2003.


title: Deaths in July 2014

paragraphs: The following is a list of notable deaths in July 2014.


title: Canberra Raiders

paragraphs: The Canberra Raiders are an Australian professional rugby league team. The team is based in the nation's capital city of Canberra, Australian Capital Territory. They were founded in 1981. They currently play in the National Rugby League competition. They have won three premierships, most recently in 1994.


title: South Sydney Rabbitohs

paragraphs: The South Sydney Rabbitohs are an Australian professional rugby league team. The team is based in Redfern, south-central Sydney, New South Wales. They were founded in 1908. They currently play in the National Rugby League competition. They have won 21 premierships (the most of any other team), most recently in 2014.


title: Albert Ebossé Bodjongo

paragraphs: Albert Dominique Ebossé Bodjongo Dika (6 October 1989 – 23 August 2014) was a Cameroonian soccer player who played for JS Kabylie in the Algerian Ligue Professionnelle 1.

paragraphs: On 23 August 2014 Albert was struck by a projectile thrown by a fan just hours after a matchup between his home team JS Kabylie and USM Alger. The match had ended in a 2-1 defeat and the Cameroonian died of head injury due to the strike. He was aged 24.


title: Hajo Meyer

paragraphs: Hajo Meyer (12 August 1924 – 23 August 2014) was a German-Dutch physicist and Jewish political activist.

paragraphs: He was born in Bielefeld. In 1938, Meyer escaped from Nazi Germany to the Netherlands alone, without his parents. He went into hiding in 1943, but was arrested after a year and spent ten months in Auschwitz. His parents, who were deported from Germany. They did not survive.

paragraphs: After the war, Meyer returned to the Netherlands, and studied theoretical physics. He started working for Philips and eventually became director of the Philips Physics Laboratory (NatLab). After his retirement he took courses in England and worked as a builder of new violins and violas.

paragraphs: On 23 August 2014, Meyer died in his sleep at the age of 90 in The Hague, Netherlands.


title: United Party of Canada

paragraphs: The United Party of Canada is a political party in Canada. It is a centrist party. It supports education for everyone at the college and trade school levels. It also says that we should make energy from renewable sources, instead of making it from things that go away forever.


title: Western Block Party

paragraphs: The Western Block Party (or WBP) is a conservative political party in Canada. It wants Western Canada to become independent from the rest of Canada. It was founded in 2005. It first ran candidates in the 2006 federal elections. The party's current leader is Paul St. Laurent.

paragraphs: The WBP is not affiliated with some other independent parties in western Canada, such as the Alberta First Party and the Western Independence Party of Saskatchewan.


title: Northwestern Ontario

paragraphs: Northwestern Ontario is a region in the Canadian province of Ontario. It covers most of subartic Ontario. It includes the districts of Kenora, Rainy River, and Thunder Bay.

paragraphs: Sometimes, Northwestern Ontario is grouped with Northeastern Ontario as Northern Ontario.


title: Northeastern Ontario

paragraphs: Northeastern Ontario is a region in the Canadian province of Ontario. It includes the districts of Algoma, Sudbury, Cochrane, Timiskaming, Nipissing, and Manitoulin. Parry Sound District and District Municipality of Muskoka are sometimes included in Northeastern Ontario, although they are usually included in Central Ontario.

paragraphs: Northeastern Ontario is sometimes included with Northwestern Ontario as Northern Ontario. One difference between the two parts is that Northeastern Ontario has a large Franco-Ontarian population. Almost 25 percent of Northeastern Ontario's population speaks French as a first language.


title: Dove Cameron

paragraphs: Dove Olivia Cameron (born Chloe Celeste Hosterman in January 15, 1996), is an American teen actress and singer. She is known for playing the title characters in the Disney Channel original series "Liv and Maddie". She also starred in the Disney Channel original movie "Cloud 9" as Kayla Morgan.

paragraphs: Cameron was born in Seattle, Washington on January 15, 1996 as Chloe Celeste Hosterman to Philip Alan Hosterman and Bonnie Wallace. She has one older sister, Claire Hosterman, who was born in 1989. At the age of eight, she began acting in community theater. When Cameron was fourteen she moved to Los Angeles, where she sang in Burbank High School's National Championship Show Choir.

paragraphs: Since 2013, Cameron has starred in the dual lead role of Liv and Maddie in the Disney Channel original series "Liv and Maddie". The preview of the show was on . The show premiered on . The pilot episode gained 5.8. It was the most-watched in Total Viewers in two and a half years – since November 7, 2010 ("Shake It Up!"). In the episode "Twin-A-Rooney", Liv shows Maddie a clip from the "Sing It Loud!" finale. In the finale, Liv's character sings a cover of "On Top of the World" by Imagine Dragons. A full version of the song was recorded by Cameron. The song was released by Disney as a single on August 27, 2013. She also starred in Cloud 9 with Luke Benward. Cloud 9 premiered on January 17, 2014. Cameron also starred as Mal in Descendants 1, 2 and 3 along side Sofia Carson, Cameron Boyce and Booboo Stewart.

paragraphs: Cameron stated that she was bullied through her entire school experience. This experience started in 5th grade to the end of high school. Despite the pressure at school and fitting in, she still stayed focused on her dreams of becoming successful in entertainment. "I became very passionate about [becoming an actress and singer]. I fully immured myself". Dove's father died, when she was just fifteen. She struggled to cope, but knew her father would want her to continue to accomplish her goals. He often said that being a parent was the best thing that ever happened to him, and that the favorite years of his life was raising his girls. Cameron was engaged to "Liv & Maddie" co-star Ryan McCartan, who plays Diggie, since August 9, 2013. Due to personal differences, the pair ended their engagement. Since the split, Cameron fell for her Descendants co-star Thomas Doherty (Harry Hook), the two are now a happy, and lovestruck pair.


title: Voice-tracking

paragraphs: Voice-tracking is a technique used by some radio stations in radio broadcasting to make an illusion of a live disc jockey or announcer sitting in the studios of the radio station when one is actually not in the station.

paragraphs: Voice-tracking refers to the process of a disc jockey prerecording the parts when they speak on the radio. It is then mixed with songs, commercials and other elements to make it sound like a live air shift. Voice-tracking is mostly used in radio stations, especially during the night, overnight, weekend, and holiday time periods. Most radio stations also use it as a way to save money instead of having disc jockeys around the clock.

paragraphs: Sometimes, voice-tracking is done so that people can do other jobs. For example, a DJ may also have a job as a program director or general manager. Voice-tracking allows that person to record a three-hour shift in less than a half-hour, leaving him or her time to do office work. A popular live weekday morning radio host can record parts for a Saturday show, allowing him or her to be on the air six days a week without spending more time at the station. It is also helpful during holidays such as Christmas or Easter, when people are off spending time with their families.

paragraphs: Different radio stations want their DJs to speak only at certain times. Here is an example:

paragraphs: As an example, see the picture below:<br>

paragraphs: As one song ends, the next song begins. At this point, the DJ doesn't start talking until the second song starts and he stops at the point where the song's vocals start.


title: James Hinchcliffe

paragraphs: James Hinchcliffe is a Canadian racecar driver. He drives in the IndyCar Series. He was born on December 5, 1986 in Oakville, Ontario, a suburb of Toronto. Hinchcliffe is known for his media personality as well as his racing. He has become a very popular driver. Hinchcliffe named his website "Hinchtown" and he is the town's "mayor".

paragraphs: Hinchcliffe started in IndyCar in 2011. He drove for the Newman/Haas team. He won rookie of the year. Later, his team stopped racing in IndyCar and he had to find a new team. For 2012, he was hired by Andretti Autosport. A year later he had a very successful year. He won three races in St. Petersburg, Brazil, and Iowa. He continued driving for Andretti. In 2015, Hinchcliffe joined Schmidt Peterson Motorsports and replaced Simon Pagenaud. During Monday practice before the 2015 Indianapolis 500, Hinchcliffe suffered serious injuries in a crash.


title: Liv and Maddie

paragraphs: Liv and Maddie, titled Liv and Maddie: Cali Style in its fourth season, is an American teen sitcom. It was created by John D. Beck and Ron Hart. It originally aired on Disney Channel from July 19, 2013 to March 24, 2017. The show stars Dove Cameron in a dual role as identical twin sisters. They have completely different personalities and are best friends. Liv is an actress. She has come back to her home after living in Hollywood for four years. She was the star of a popular television show called "Sing It Loud!". Maddie is a basketball prodigy. The show is about Liv having to get used to normal family life again after production on "Sing It Loud!" ended. It is also about the two sisters being best friends despite their different personalities and different interests. The show also stars Joey Bragg, Tenzing Norgay Trainor, Kali Rocha, and Benjamin King. The characters they play are Joey Rooney, Parker Rooney, Karen Rooney, and Pete Rooney. Joey and Parker are Liv and Maddie's younger brothers. Karen and Pete are their mother and father. In the last season of the show, Lauren Lindsey Donzis joined the cast. She played Liv and Maddie's younger cousin Ruby. Ruby becomes their "sorta-sister". Her character replaced Pete. Pete was not in any of the episodes of the fourth season.

paragraphs: After finishing a four-year stint in Hollywood filming a popular television show called "Sing It Loud!", actress Liv Rooney returns to her birthplace of Stevens Point, Wisconsin to the open arms of her family, despite being offered more roles in other shows and movies. Liv decided to come home because she missed her family and wanted to see them again. She is happily reunited with her identical twin sister Maddie. Maddie is her best friend. Liv is a girly girl. She enjoys anytime someone mentions her former career. Maddie is a tomboy with a talent for basketball. She is the captain of her school's basketball team. The twins have two younger brothers. They are Joey and Parker. Joey is a typical awkward teen. He is one year younger than the twins. Parker is a clever tween. He has a mischievous personality. Parker is the youngest child of the Rooney family. Their father Pete is the coach for Maddie's basketball team. He eventually achieves his dream of becoming the coach of a college team in Beloit, Wisconsin. Their mother Karen is the school psychologist and later vice principal starting in the second season.

paragraphs: In the first three seasons, most events take place at either Ridgewood High, the high school that Liv, Maddie, Joey, and later Parker, due to being a child prodigy, all attend, or the Rooney residence. At the end of the third season, the Rooney house collapses due to a series of tunnels created by Parker and Maddie is accepted into a college in Los Angeles, California. This prompts the rest of the Rooneys, except Pete who remains in Wisconsin to continue his coaching job, to move to Malibu, California, to take up residence with Karen's younger sister Dena and her daughter Ruby, where the show's forth season takes place. In the last episode of the series, all the Rooneys part ways. Liv is invited to perform in a musical called "Double Duchess" on Broadway, Maddie is given a grant to build tiny houses for the homeless in New Orleans, Joey is invited to go on a comedy tour with Jim Breuer, and Parker is invited to go with his friend Val to a biodome in the salt flats of Salar de Uyuni, Bolivia to study life on Mars.

paragraphs: A big part of the show are documentary-style cutaways where major characters and the supporting characters talk to the viewers to explain various things and their opinions on the situations in which they are featured in each episode. In the last episode, it is revealed that the cutaways are part of a reality series that airs in Luxembourg called "Bits and Pieces". This is a reference to the working title of "Liv and Maddie".

paragraphs: In the spring of 2012, Oops Doughnuts Productions had shopped the script of a project called "Bits and Pieces". It was about a blended family similar to shows like "The Brady Bunch" and "Step by Step". The show followed Jodie Sullenger (Kali Rocha), mother of Alanna (Dove Cameron) and Sticky (Joey Bragg). Sullenger married Pete Fickman (Benjamin King), father of Crystal (Cozi Zuehlsdorff) and Brody (Tenzing Norgay Trainor). All six have to get used to life under the same roof. Eventually, Disney chose to change the concept of "Bits and Pieces" into one about a pair of twins. Now titled "Liv and Maddie", the show began production in April 2013.

paragraphs: The show was produced under a joint venture between Beck & Hart Productions, Oops Doughnuts Productions, and It's a Laugh Productions. The show's creators, John D. Beck and Ron Hart, are a production-writing team. Their credits include "According to Jim", "Hey Arnold!", and "Shake It Up!". They also served as executive producers alongside Andy Fickman. Fickman was the only director who participated in all four seasons of the show. He directed 20 of the 21 episodes of the first season. He also directed four episodes of the second season, two of the third season, and four of the fourth season.

paragraphs: On January 13, 2014, Disney Channel renewed "Liv and Maddie" for a 13-episode second season. The second season was later expanded to 24 episodes. The first season ended on July 27, 2014. The season season premiered on September 21, 2014. On April 3, 2015, the show was renewed for a third season by Disney Channel. The second season ended on August 23, 2015. The third season premiered on September 13, 2015. On December 21, 2015, Dove Cameron stated that Disney Channel was picking up "Liv and Maddie" for a fourth season. On June 19, 2016, series co-creator Ron Hart announced on Twitter that the fourth season would premiere in fall 2016. On July 1, 2016, Dove Cameron stated that they had filmed the series' final episode. On August 19, 2016, it was announced by the show's creators, John D. Beck and Ron Hart, that the last season would be called "Liv and Maddie: Cali Style". The third season ended on June 19, 2016. The fourth season premiered on September 23, 2016. The show ended on March 24, 2017.

paragraphs: Casting took place during the spring of 2012; however, only a pilot episode was made. Instead of hiring a new cast, production chose to keep those whom they had already hired and make a completely new pilot. The story now focused on Dove Cameron playing dual roles with the same parents and brothers. Lead billing for Cozi Zuehlsdorff was later dropped to guest star. The family name of "Rooney" was picked because of Sullenger's enjoyment of the Pittsburgh Steelers, a team owned by the Rooney family.

paragraphs: A full version of the "Liv and Maddie" theme song, "Better in Stereo", was recorded by Dove Cameron. It was released as a promotional single by Walt Disney Records on October 15, 2013. A music video was made. The music video aired on Disney Channel on the night of October 29, 2013. The song was featured twice in the show. The first time was in the last episode of season three, "Californi-A-Rooney". The second time was an acoustic version sung by Cameron. This was at the very end of the last episode of the show, "End-A-Rooney".

paragraphs: In the pilot episode, "Twin-A-Rooney", Liv shows Maddie a clip from the "Sing It Loud!" finale. In it, Liv's character, Stephanie Einstein, sings a cover of On Top of the World by Imagine Dragons. A full version of the song was recorded by Cameron. It was released as a promotional single by Walt Disney Records on August 27, 2013.

paragraphs: In "Fa-La-La-A-Rooney", Liv performs the classic "Let It Snow! Let It Snow! Let It Snow!" during the Steven's Point Holiday Spectacular. A full version of the song was recorded by Cameron. It was included on Holidays Unwrapped, a holiday album released by Walt Disney Records on October 15, 2013.

paragraphs: In "Song-A-Rooney", Liv performs "FroyoYOLO". It goes viral, but Liv hates it. In the same episode, Liv performs "Count Me In". A full version of "Count Me In" was recorded by Cameron. It was released as a promotional single by Walt Disney Records on June 3, 2014.

paragraphs: In "New Year's Eve-A-Rooney", Liv performs "You, Me and the Beat". A full version of the song was recorded by Cameron. It was released as a promotional single by Walt Disney Records on December 2, 2014.

paragraphs: In "Rate-A-Rooney", Liv uploads "What a Girl Is". Two versions were created, The first was the one shown in the show. The other, which included Christina Grimmie and Baby Kaely, was eventually recorded. Both versions are included in the "Liv and Maddie" soundtrack. The second version was released on iTunes on March 5, 2015. The original version was released on March 17, 2015. On March 17, 2015, the "Liv and Maddie" soundtrack was released. The soundtrack includes "Better in Stereo", "On Top of the World", "FroyoYOLO", "Count Me In", "You, Me and the Beat", and both versions of "What a Girl Is". The soundtrack also includes "Say Hey", "As Long As I Have You", and "True Love". There were two versions of "True Love": Ballad, which would be sung by Jordan Fisher, and a piano duet featuring Jordan Fisher and Dove Cameron. With the announcement of the soundtrack on March 5, 2015, the singles for those songs, except FroyoYOLO, were discontinued and are no longer available.

paragraphs: In "Prom-A-Rooney", Liv performs "True Love" at the school prom. Like she did with the other songs, Cameron recorded a full version of the song. It was released as part of the "Liv and Maddie" soundtrack on March 17, 2015.

paragraphs: In "Band-A-Rooney", Liv's band, "The Dream", performs "Say Hey" at the Battle of the Bands. A full version was recorded by Cameron. It had the band member's actor doing the chorus. The song was released as part of the "Liv and Maddie" soundtrack on March 17, 2015.

paragraphs: In "Video-A-Rooney", Liv's band performs "As Long As I Have You". Cameron recorded a full version. It was released as part of the "Liv and Maddie" soundtrack on March 17, 2015. The song was the last song from the soundtrack that was played in the show.

paragraphs: In "SPARF-A-Rooney", Andy Grammer performs "Honey, I'm Good". This is one of the few songs in "Liv and Maddie" that was not part of the soundtrack.

paragraphs: In "Sing It Louder!!-A-Rooney", Liv and Ruby perform "One Second Chance" on the set of "Sing It Louder!!" The song was recorded by Cameron and Lauren Lindsey Donzis. It was released as a promotional single by Walt Disney Records on November 4, 2016.

paragraphs: In "Falcon-A-Rooney", "The Power of Two" is performed again by Liv and Ruby for "Sing It Louder!!". Like the previous song in season four, Dove Cameron and Lauren Lindsey Donzis recorded a full version of the song. It was released on January 20, 2017.

paragraphs: In "Sing It Live!!-A-Rooney", Liv sings "My Destiny" for the special episode of "Sing It Louder!!". Again, a full version of the song was recorded by Cameron. It was released as a promotional single on March 3, 2017.

paragraphs: "Liv and Maddie" aired on Disney Channel in the United States and Family Channel in Canada. The pilot episode aired as a preview on July 19, 2013. It followed the premiere of the Disney Channel Original Movie "Teen Beach Movie". The first promo for the show was seen on June 28, 2013. It followed the premiere of "Disney's Mickey Mouse Shorts". The show officially premiered in the United States on September 15, 2013. It premiered in Canada on September 20, 2013. The show stopped airing in Canada on Family Channel on September 1, 2015. It started airing on Disney Channel on September 5, 2015. La Chaîne Disney in French Canada premiered the episode "Home Run-A-Rooney" on March 24, 2016. This was 17 days before the American and Canadian airing of the episode on April 10, 2016. In the UK and Ireland, the show aired as a preview on October 7, 2013. It later premiered on November 8, 2013. In Australia and New Zealand, the show premiered on October 11, 2013. The second season premiered on January 8, 2015. The third season premiered on December 2, 2015. The show premiered in Southeast Asia on January 10, 2014. In the Balkans, Greece, the Middle East, and Africa, the show premiered on March 8, 2014. The second season premiered on February 7, 2015. In India, the show premiered on October 30, 2017 on Disney International HD.

paragraphs: Emily Ashby of Common Sense Media gave the show's quality a rating of three out of five stars. She described it as a "jovial family sitcom". She said it can be watched by children ages seven and above. Ashby said that the show has a "comical spin" on common family issues like sibling rivalry. She said that it is a "worry-free pick for kids." Neil Genzlinger of "The New York Times" compared the show to "The Patty Duke Show". She described it as "a gentle, moderately amusing comedy". She also said that Cameron does a good job playing both main characters. She said that "the premise gives the writers plenty of opportunities."

paragraphs: Brand marketing promotion for "Liv and Maddie" still continues strongly. ACCO Brands, under the Day Dream brand, features a 2015 wall calendar and Disney D'Signed clothing line from selected retailers Target and Kohl's. Wooky Entertainment owns Style Me Up, a creative fashion brand for tween girls. This features "Liv and Maddie: Dreams Come True" and "Liv and Maddie: A Rising Star" sketchbooks. Footwear retailer Payless ShoeSource makes "Liv and Maddie"-themed character footwear based on the show.

paragraphs: A novelization of the show, titled "Liv and Maddie: Sisters Forever", was published by Disney Press on January 6, 2015. The junior novel is based on the episodes "Twin-A-Rooney" and "Team-A-Rooney". It alternates between the view points of Liv, Maddie, Joey, and Parker. The junior novel features eight pages of photos from the show. It was adapted by Lexi Ryals. Another novelization of the show, titled "Liv and Maddie: Double Trouble", was published by Disney Press on August 4, 2015. It is based on the episodes "Sweet-16-A-Rooney" and "Dodge-A-Rooney". Like the first novel, "Double Trouble" features eight pages of photos from the show and was adapted by Lexi Ryals. Also like the first novel, "Double Trouble" alternates between the view points of Liv, Maddie, Joey, and Parker.


title: 1941 Florida hurricane

paragraphs: The 1941 Florida hurricane was a strong tropical cyclone in October 1941. It affected the Bahamas and the southeastern United States This storm's winds were at . The hurricane hit southern Florida first. After that, it went across the Florida Panhandle.

paragraphs: At least ten people were killed by the storm.


title: Time Warner Cable

paragraphs: Time Warner Cable is an American cable and telecommunications company. This company serves almost 30 states. It is the second-largest cable company behind Comcast.


title: Golden Spikes Award

paragraphs: The Golden Spikes Award is given out every year to the best beginning baseball player in the United States. The award, created by USA Baseball and sponsored by the Major League Baseball Players Association, was first presented in 1978. It is given to a beginning player who best exhibits and combines "exceptional on-field ability and excellent sportsmanship." The award is considered the most important in beginning baseball.


title: Jindřich Pokorný

paragraphs: Jindřich Pokorný (April 12, 1927 - August 23, 2014) was a Czech translator (mainly French and German), editor and writer. He translated also in Italian, Latin and Flemish.

paragraphs: He was known for his translation of "Rostand's Cyrano de Bergerac". Along with the literary historian Frederick Fučík, they wrote a book explaining the origins and meanings of the various sayings and proverbs called "Buried dog".


title: Jaume Vallcorba Plana

paragraphs: Jaume (or Santiago) Vallcorba Plana (21 September 1949 – 23 August 2014) was a Spanish philologist and publisher. He published many studies on aesthetics and literature.

paragraphs: He was born in Tarragona, Spain. He was a professor in Literature at the University of Bordeaux, the University of Lleida, the University of Barcelona and the Pompeu Fabra University (Barcelona) but he left university teaching in 2004.


title: In Your House 9: International Incident

paragraphs: In Your House 9: International Incident was a professional wrestling pay-per-view show made by World Wrestling Federation (WWF). It was held on July 21, 1996 at General Motors Place in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. It was the ninth pay-per-view to be held under the WWF's In Your House name.


title: Dan Magill

paragraphs: Daniel Hamilton "Dan" Magill, Jr. (January 25, 1921 – August 23, 2014) was an American tennis player and coach. His worked as a Sports Information Director, a Head Tennis Coach, and a Georgia Bulldog Club secretary for the University of Georgia.

paragraphs: Magill was born in Athens, Georgia. He was a U.S. Marine during World War II. He was married to Rosemary Reynaud had three children; Ham, Sharon, and Mollie.

paragraphs: Magill died from natural causes on August 23, 2014 in Athens, Georgia. He was 93.


title: Glam metal

paragraphs: Glam metal (also known as hair metal, sleaze metal and pop metal) is a hard rock/heavy metal subgenre. It combines punk rock with pop music. It became popular in the 1970s and 1980s. But it became less popular in the 1990s. This was because grunge music was getting more popular.


title: Marcel Rigout

paragraphs: Marcel Rigout (10 May 1928 – 23 August 2014) was a French politician. He served as the Minister of Vocational Training from 1981 to 1984, under former President François Mitterrand. He was a member of the French Communist Party (PCF; ).

paragraphs: Rigout was born in Verneuil-sur-Vienne. He wrote the novel "L'autre chance" in 1983.

paragraphs: Rigout died on 23 August 2014 in Limoges, aged 86.


title: Ahti Pekkala

paragraphs: Ahti Antti Johannes Pekkala (20 December 1924 – 23 August 2014) was a Finnish politician for the Centre Party. He served as a deputy speaker of the parliament from 1976 to 1978 and as the speaker from 1978 to 1979. He also served as the Governor of Oulu Province from 1986 until 1991.

paragraphs: Pekkala was born in Haapavesi. Before politics, he was a banker and the manager of a bank from 1952 until 1985.

paragraphs: Pekkala died on 23 August 2014 in Haapavesi, aged 89.


title: Philippine de Rothschild

paragraphs: Philippine Mathilde Camille de Rothschild (22 November 1933 – 23 August 2014), also known as Philippine Pascale, was a French winemaker and baroness. She was the owner of the French winery Château Mouton Rothschild. She was the only daughter of the vintner Baron Philippe de Rothschild, a member of the Rothschild banking dynasty. In 2013, she was given a lifetime achievement award by the Institute of Masters of Wine.

paragraphs: Rothschild was born in Boulogne-Billancourt, Paris. She was married twice and had three children; Camille, Philippe and Julien. She was made an Officier of the Legion of Honour () in 2007.

paragraphs: Rothschild died on 23 August 2014 in Boulogne-Billancourt, Paris, aged 80.


title: Gold Coast Titans

paragraphs: The Gold Coast Titans are an Australian professional rugby league team. The team is based on the Gold Coast in Queensland. They were founded in 2007. They currently play in the National Rugby League competition. They have not won any premierships.


title: North Queensland Cowboys

paragraphs: The North Queensland Cowboys are an Australian professional rugby league team. The team is based in Townsville, Queensland. They were founded in 1992. They currently play in the National Rugby League competition. They have won one premiership in 2015 against the Brisbane Broncos.


title: Canterbury-Bankstown Bulldogs

paragraphs: The Canterbury-Bankstown Bulldogs are an Australian professional rugby league team. The team is based in Belmore, Sydney, New South Wales. They were founded in 1934. They currently play in the National Rugby League competition. They have won eight premierships, most recently in 2004.


title: Cronulla-Sutherland Sharks

paragraphs: The Cronulla-Sutherland Sharks are an Australian professional rugby league team. The team is based in Cronulla, southern Sydney, New South Wales. They were founded in 1963. They currently play in the National Rugby League competition. They have won one premiership in 2016 against the Melbourne Storm.


title: Black box

paragraphs: A black box, in science and engineering, is a box whose inside working is not known.

paragraphs: It is a device, system or object with input and output. There is no knowledge of its internal workings. The way it works is "opaque" (black). Almost anything might be referred to as a black box: a transistor, an algorithm, or the human brain.

paragraphs: Ashby expains that the term arose when a decision had to be made about opening an engineering box. The question was whether to return the box for repair, or just scrap it. Could this be decided without opening the box? There can be many reasons why a complex system cannot be repaired in the field, and even opening up some systems is a big deal. The question also comes up in surgery on brain damage patients. The more that can be discovered before operating, the better.

paragraphs: The opposite of a black box is a system where the inner components or logic can be seen. It is sometimes known as a clear box, a glass box, or a white box.


title: Newcastle Knights

paragraphs: The Newcastle Knights are an Australian professional rugby league team. The team is based in Newcastle, New South Wales. They were founded in 1988. They currently play in the National Rugby League competition. They have won two premierships, most recently in 2001.


title: Parramatta Eels

paragraphs: The Parramatta Eels are an Australian professional rugby league team. The team is based in Parramatta, Sydney, New South Wales. They were founded in 1946. They currently play in the National Rugby League competition. They have won four premierships, most recently in 1986.


title: St. George Illawarra Dragons

paragraphs: The St. George Illawarra Dragons are an Australian professional rugby league team. The team is based in St. George region of Sydney and the Illawarra region of New South Wales. They were founded in 1998. They currently play in the National Rugby League competition. They have won one premiership in 2010 against the Sydney Roosters.


title: Melbourne Storm

paragraphs: The Melbourne Storm are an Australian professional rugby league team. The team is based in Melbourne, Victoria. They were founded in 1997. They currently play in the National Rugby League competition. They have won three premierships, most recently in 2017.


title: Manly Warringah Sea Eagles

paragraphs: The Manly Warringah Sea Eagles are an Australian professional rugby league team. The team is based on the Northern Beaches of Sydney, New South Wales. They were founded in 1946. They currently play in the National Rugby League competition. They have won eight premierships, most recently in 2011.


title: Wests Tigers

paragraphs: The Wests Tigers are an Australian professional rugby league team. The team is based in the Inner West of Sydney, New South Wales. They were founded in 1999. They currently play in the National Rugby League competition. They have won one premiership in 2005 against the North Queensland Cowboys.


title: New Zealand Warriors

paragraphs: The New Zealand Warriors are a New Zealand professional rugby league team. The team is based in Auckland, New Zealand. They were founded in 1995. They currently play in the National Rugby League competition. They have not won any premierships. They are the only non-Australian team in the NRL.


title: Ferdinand Philippe, Duke of Orléans

paragraphs: Prince Ferdinand Philippe of Orléans, Duke of Orléans (Ferdinand Philippe Louis Charles Henri Joseph; 3 September 1810 – 13 July 1842) was the eldest son of Louis Philippe d'Orléans, Duke of Orléans and future King Louis Philippe I. Born in exile in his mother's native Sicily, he was their heir to the House of Orléans from birth. Following his father's succession as King of the French in 1830, he became the "Prince Royal" and subsequently Duke of Orléans (French: "duc d'Orléans"), the title by which he is best known. Dying in 1842, he never succeeded his father nor saw the collapse of the "July Monarchy" and subsequent exile of his family to England.

paragraphs: He was named after his two grandfathers King Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies and Philippe Égalité. He was born in Palermo and given the title of Duke of Chartres. He was also a prince of the blood at the French royal court of Versailles. This gave him the style of "Serene Highness". His father was banned from attending court at Versailles due to his liberal views. Prince did not attend either. He instead remained at his father's court at their Parisian residence the Palais Royal.

paragraphs: His father became King of the French in 1830. This made the prince the heir to the title of Duke of Orléans and heir to the throne. From that time the heir to the French throne was to be known as the Duke of Orléans. His father also declared his descendants through the male line were entitled to use the style of "Royal Highness". They also used the title (a title in its own right) of Prince of Orléans. The prince became known as His Royal Highness, Prince Ferdinand Philippe of Orléans, Duke of Orléans. His sons were also entitled to the same style and title.

paragraphs: There were plans for him to marry his cousin, Louise Marie Thérèse d'Artois. But the plans never materialised. There were also negotiations for the young prince to marry an Austrian Archduchess as well as a Russian grand duchess. But the plans again never materialised as the new monarchy in France was seen as fragile and not expected to survive. Instead the choice came in the form of Duchess Helene of Mecklenburg-Schwerin. She was a member of a minor ducal family native to Germany. The couple eventually married on 30 May 1837. This gave her the style of Royal Highness and made her one of the first princesses of Orléans by marriage. The couple eventually had two sons and had a very happy marriage.


title: Superposition principle

paragraphs: In physics, the superposition principle states that if there are two or more stimuli at a given point in time, the response will be the result of adding all the responses. This only applies to linear systems. Since many systems can be modelled as linear systems, the principle has many applications in physics and engineering.

paragraphs: Superposition principle: The principle states that the total force on a given charge is the vector of the individual forces exerted on the given charge by all other charges. Each individual force between any two charges is calculated from Coulomb's law tattoos and is not affected by the presence of other charges


title: Ángel Di Maria

paragraphs: Angel Fabian Di Maria Hernandez (born 14 February 1988) is an Argentine professional footballer. He plays for French Ligue 1 club Paris Saint-Germain and the Argentina national team. He can play as either a winger or attacking midfielder.

paragraphs: After beginning his career with Rosario Central, Di María moved to Europe in 2007 to play for Benfica of the Portuguese Primeira Liga. He made a €25 million move to Real Madrid three years later, in 2010. After winning the UEFA Champions League with Real Madrid in 2014, he signed for Manchester United in summer 2014 for a national record £59.7 million.

paragraphs: In summer 2015, he signed a 4 year contract with Paris Saint-Germain for €63 million.

paragraphs: A full international for Argentina since 2008, Di María has earned over 50 caps for his country. He scored the goal that gave Argentina first place at the 2008 Olympics in Beijing, and has also represented them at two World Cups and the 2011 Copa América, 2015 Copa América, and the 2016 Copa América Centenario.


title: Interdisciplinarity

paragraphs: Interdisciplinarity is when two or more subjects (academic disciplines) join up. This happens when a problem overlaps traditional academic boundaries. Other terms which mean almost the same thing are multidisciplinarity and crossdisciplinarity.

paragraphs: Other examples include artificial intelligence, cultural studies, cybernetics, computational linguistics, biomedical engineering, and so on. Physical chemistry, biochemistry and astrophysics must have been some of the first.

paragraphs: In many universities, traditional departments (e.g. botany, zoology) were scrapped, and new broader departments like 'School of biological sciences' were formed. Inside this umbrella, research and teaching teams were based on interdisciplinary problems, such as ecology or cell division or Earth history. There are some necessary specialities which do not fit easily into the new system. Examples are taxonomy (you still need people to identify animals) and areas like parasitology and agricultural botany.

paragraphs: A system which works in some universities is to appoint staff to the Schools (usually Humanities, Science. Social sciences and Technology) and let the staff join those groups which best fit their expertise.


title: Watertown, Massachusetts

paragraphs: Watertown is a city in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States. It is part of the greater Boston area. The population was 31,915 at the 2010 census. Watertown is one of fourteen Massachusetts municipalities that have been granted city forms of government but kept the name town.

paragraphs: The area of Watertown was inhabited for thousands of years before the arrival of settlers from England. The tribes of the Pequossette and the Nonantum, had settlements on what is now called the Charles River. The Pequossette built a fishing to trap herring. This was at the site of the current Watertown Dam. Every year the alewife and blueback herring swim upstream from their adult home in the sea. this is to spawn in the fresh water where they came from.

paragraphs: The first settlement of Watertown was at the Saltonstall Plantation in 1630. This was one of the earliest of the Massachusetts Bay settlements. It was begun by a group of settlers led by Richard Saltonstall and the Rev. George Phillips. It was officially incorporated that same year. The alternate spelling "Waterton" is seen in some early documents.

paragraphs: The first buildings were on land that is now in the city of Cambridge. It was known as Gerry's Landing. For its first quarter century Watertown ranked next to Boston in population and area. Since then its city limits have been greatly reduced.

paragraphs: The Stanley Brothers built the first of their steam-powered cars, called Stanley Steamers, in Watertown in 1897.


title: Czechoslovak Television

paragraphs: Czechoslovak Television (ČST) was a television network. It was the main broadcaster of Czechoslovakia. It closed in 1953 because Czechoslovakia became two new countries, Czech Republic and Slovakia.

paragraphs: In the Czech language, it was called "Československá televize."

paragraphs: In the Slovak language, it was called" Československá televízia "until 1990. In 1990, they changed the Slovak name to "Česko-slovenská televízia".

paragraphs: Czechoslovak Television started on 1st May 1953. It was just one television programme, which was a few hours long.

paragraphs: Czechoslovak Television was heavily censored by the communist government. In 1968, the government allowed Czechoslovak Television to mention the Prague Spring protests for a few days. However in 1969, the government started to censor ČST heavily again.

paragraphs: On May 10, 1970, Czechoslovak Television made a second television channel, "ČST TV2".

paragraphs: On May 9, 1973, Czechoslovak Television started to show television programmes in colour on ČST" "TV2. Two years later, they started colour television programmes on the first channel too.

paragraphs: In 1979, a studio was opened in the Kavci mountains, which became the home of Czechoslovak Television's news department.

paragraphs: In November 1989, Czechoslovak Television renamed the first channel "F1", with the "<nowiki>'F' </nowiki>"meaning the "federal district" of Czechoslovakia. The second channel was replaced by two new channels: ČTV, which was in the Czech language and S1, which was in the Slovak language.

paragraphs: They also created a new third channel in Czech on 14 May 1990, called "OK3", using technology which used to broadcast Soviet television. Another new third channel was created in Slovak and called" TA 3," on 6 June 1991.

paragraphs: During the Velvet Revolution, when protests occurred in Czechoslovakia, the people who worked at Czechoslovak Television helped the protesters to spread their messages.

paragraphs: Czechoslovakia became two new countries, the Czech Republic and Slovakia on the 31st December 1992. This split is known as the "<nowiki>'Velvet Divorce'</nowiki>". Because of it, Czechoslovak Television was no longer needed. In the Czech Republic, a new television network called Czech television took over, and in Slovakia Slovenská televízia was created.


title: Keiji Mutoh

paragraphs: He is credited as one of the first Japanese wrestlers to gain a fan base outside of his native Japan in the United States. His Great Muta gimmick is one of the most influential gimmicks in puroresu. He is one of three wrestlers to hold the NWA World Heavyweight Championship, the AJPW Triple Crown Heavyweight Championship and the IWGP Heavyweight Championship. Mutoh is an eight-time World Champion, having held the NWA World Title once, the IWGP Title four times, and AJPW's Triple Crown three times. He also has held a dozen World Tag Team Championships in the U.S. and Japan. Between NJPW, AJPW, and World Championship Wrestling (WCW), Mutoh has held 21 total championships.

paragraphs: Mutoh is also known for competing in what is generally considered to be the bloodiest professional wrestling match of all time against Hiroshi Hase, which lead to the creation of the "Muta Scale".

paragraphs: He is the founder of Wrestle-1 (W-1) and is the current owner of the promotion. He also wrestles for it semi-regularly, and also makes occasional special appearances for the American promotion Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA) as part of a TNA/W-1 talent exchange partnership.


title: Antônio Ermírio de Moraes

paragraphs: Antônio Ermírio de Moraes (June 4, 1928 – August 24, 2014) was a Brazilian businessman. He was the chairman of the Votorantim Group; one of the country's largest companies, specialized in metals, paper, cement and frozen orange juice. He was the grandfather of IndyCar Series driver Mario Moraes. He ran for governor of São Paulo State in 1986, but lost the elections.

paragraphs: De Moraes died in São Paulo, Brazil from heart failure, aged 86.


title: Larry Kramer

paragraphs: Larry Kramer (June 25, 1935 – May 27, 2020) was an American playwright, author, public health and LGBT rights activist. He began his career rewriting scripts while working for Columbia Picture. There he wrote the screenplay for the 1969 movie "Women in Love". He earned an Academy Award nomination for his work.

paragraphs: Kramer was openly gay. In 1988, he was diagnosed with hepatitis B and HIV. He had a liver transplant in 2001.

paragraphs: His brother was lawyer Arthur Kramer (1927–2008).

paragraphs: Kramer died of pneumonia in New York City on May 27, 2020. He was 84.


title: Gandhi (movie)

paragraphs: Gandhi is a 1982 British-Indian biographical movie based on the life of Indian activist Mohandas Gandhi. It is directed and produced by Richard Attenborough. It was written by John Briley and some of it by Steven Spielberg. The music was composed by Ravi Shankar. The cinematography was by Billy Williams.

paragraphs: It stars Ben Kingsley as Gandhi. Other cast members include John Mills, John Gielgud, Trevor Howard, Daniel Day-Lewis, Richard Griffiths, Martin Sheen, Nigel Hawthorne, Shane Rimmer, Athol Fugard, John Ratzenberger, Bernard Hill, Shriram Lagoo, Terrence Hardiman, Tom Alter and Om Puri with Alyque Padamsee.

paragraphs: It was released on 30 November 1982 in India, on 2 December 1982 in the United Kingdom, and on 6 December 1982 in the United States. It raised $52,767,889 at the box office. It had a budget of $13 million.

paragraphs: The movie was nominated for eleven Academy Award, winning eight. It won Best Picture, Best Actor, and Best Director. It also won the Golden Globe Award for Best Picture and the BAFTA Award for Best Picture.

paragraphs: Attenborough said that the movie was his dream project.


title: Sheila Sim

paragraphs: Sheila Beryl Grant Attenborough, Lady Attenborough (5 June 1922 – 19 January 2016), known professionally by her maiden name Sheila Sim, was an English movie and stage actress. She was known for being the widow of the actor and director Richard Attenborough. She was a long-time funder of the Royal Academy of the Dramatic Arts. She was born in Liverpool, Lancashire.

paragraphs: Sim died after a two-year battle with dementia at a retirement home in London, England on 19 January 2016 at the age of 93.


title: Columbus, Wisconsin

paragraphs: Columbus is a city in Columbia and Dodge counties in Wisconsin. It is in the south-central part of Wisconsin. The population was 4,991 at the 2010 census.


title: Leonid Stadnyk

paragraphs: Leonid Stepanovych Stadnyk (; 5 August 1970 – 24 August 2014) was a Ukrainian farmer. He stood at 8 feet 5 inches or 2.57 meters. He was born in Zhytomyr Oblast, Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, USSR. Stadnyk was listed as the world's tallest living man according to Guinness World Records.

paragraphs: Stadnyk died at the age of 44 on August 24, 2014 from a brain hemorrhage.


title: Battering ram

paragraphs: A battering ram is a siege engine used in the past. It was used to break open the stone walls of castles or splinter their wooden gates.

paragraphs: In its simplest form, a battering ram is just a large, heavy log carried by several people and banged against an obstacle. The ram damages the target if the big log hit the target again and again. Later rams were covered in the log with an arrow-proof, fire-resistant canopy mounted on wheels. Inside the canopy, the log was swung from chains or ropes.

paragraphs: Rams were great weapons of war against old fashioned wall-building materials such as stone and brick. These walls were weak in tension: they cracked when struck with sufficient force. With many blows, the cracks would grow steadily until a hole was created. Eventually, a breach would appear in the fabric of the wall. It would cause armed attackers to force their way through the gap.

paragraphs: The introduction in the later Middle Ages of siege cannons causes the end of battering rams and other traditional siege weapons. Much smaller, hand-held versions of battering rams are still used today, however, by law enforcement officers and military personnel to bash open locked doors.


title: Barry Dickins

paragraphs: Barry Dickins (born 1949) is an Australian artist and writer of books and plays.

paragraphs: He was born in Reservoir, which is part of Melbourne. He left school early and worked in a factory. Later he painted sets and backgrounds for television programs. His first play, "Ghosts", was performed in 1974 at La Mama Theatre. He has written many more plays. His play "Remember Ronald Ryan" won the 1995 Victorian Premier's Literary Award. He has also written short stories, biography, other non-fiction and children's books. Barry is known to use many 'half rhymes' in his work.


title: Hashim Khan

paragraphs: Hashim Khan ( – 18 August 2014) was a Pakistani squash player. He won the British Open Squash Championships (BOSC) a total of seven times, from 1951 to 1956, and then again in 1958. During the 1950s, the BOSC was the "de facto" squash world championship. The movie based on Khan's life "" was released in 2009 and was directed by Josh Easdon.

paragraphs: Khan was born in Nawakille, a small village near Peshawar, British Raj (now Pakistan). He family were Pashtuns. During the 1960s, he moved to the United States and lived in Denver, Colorado. He had twelve children.

paragraphs: Khan died from congestive heart failure on 18 August 2014 in Aurora, Colorado. There are many disputes of his exact age but he is believed to have been at least 100.


title: Zugzwang

paragraphs: Zugzwang is a chess term. It means a situation where any move by a player will weaken the player's position. The fact that the player is compelled to move means that their position will become significantly weaker.

paragraphs: But if it is White to play in the original position, he can win by zugzwang:

paragraphs: 1. Kc6! and now Black must move his king, for example

paragraphs: There are positions where either player to move will lose.

paragraphs: On the following diagram, Whichever king moves, he loses his pawn and the opponent will win the game.

paragraphs: The concept of zugzwang was known in the old forms of chess, like shatranj. We know this because there are some Arabic chess problems which use the idea.

paragraphs: The term itself comes from the 19th century in a German chess magazine. Its first use in English was in the early 20th century.


title: Zwischenzug

paragraphs: In chess, zwischenzug (German for in-between move) means playing a move that ignores the opponent's move temporarily to create a new threat. Then the player makes the expected move. This can give a player an advantage over the opponent.


title: Alfredo Martini

paragraphs: Alfredo Martini (18 February 1921 – 25 August 2014) was an Italian cyclist and coach. He won a stage in the 1950 Giro d'Italia. He was a professional cyclist from 1941 until 1957. He was later the coach of the Italian national cycling team from 1975 until 1997.

paragraphs: Martini was born in Florence. He retired from coaching in 1997.

paragraphs: Martini died from natural causes on 25 August 2014 in Sesto Fiorentino, aged 93.


title: Inga Juuso

paragraphs: Inga Juuso (5 October 1945 – 23 August 2014) was a Norwegian singer and actress. She appeared and performed in the movie "The Kautokeino Rebellion" (2008). She was known from her own band performances in the genres of jazz and joik. She did recordings and collabs with many Norwegian musicians like Håkon Mjåset Johansen and Jørn Øien.

paragraphs: Juuso was born in Mosjøen. She was a Sami woman, an ethnic group indigenous to Scandinavia. She was awarded the title of Spellemannprisen in 2011.

paragraphs: Juuso died after a long illness on 23 August 2014, aged 69.


title: Tom Pevsner

paragraphs: Thomas "Tom" Pevsner (2 October 1926 – 19 August 2014) was a British assistant movie director and producer. His career lasted from 1953 until 1995. His best known movies were "The Ladykillers" (1955), "The Longest Day" (1962) and "The Private Life of Sherlock Holmes" (1970) and "Dracula" (1979). He also worked on a

paragraphs: number of "James Bond" movies between 1981 and 1995.

paragraphs: Pevsner was born in Dresden, Saxony. His father was the scholar Nikolaus Pevsner. Because they were of Jewish descent the Pevsner family fled to the United Kingdom in 1933.

paragraphs: Pevsner died on 19 August 2014 in London, aged 87.


title: Tumbleweed (band)

paragraphs: Tumbleweed is an Australian rock group formed in 1990 in Tarrawanna. Three of their studio albums appeared on the ARIA Albums Chart: "Tumbleweed" (No. 48, 13 December 1992), "Galactaphonic" (No. 6, May 1995), and "Return to Earth" (No. 11, 1 September 1996). Three releases reached the top 50 on the related ARIA Singles Chart: "Sundial (Maryjane)" (1993), "Gyroscope" (1994), and "Hang Around" (1995).

paragraphs: They supported United States grunge group, Nirvana, on their January 1992 tour of Australia, and reached the mainstream with their crunchy-psychedelia style. They also supported tours by Rollins Band (June 1994) and Monster Magnet (February to March 1996).


title: Ramón Echarren Istúriz

paragraphs: Ramón Echarren Istúriz (November 13, 1929 – August 25, 2014) was a Spanish Roman Catholic bishop.

paragraphs: Istúriz ordained to the priesthood in 1958. Istúriz was appointed titular bishop of 'Diano' and auxiliary bishop of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Madrid, Spain, in 1969.

paragraphs: In 1978, he was appointed bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Canarias and retired in 2005.


title: Quentin Crisp

paragraphs: Quentin Crisp (born Denis Charles Pratt, 25 December 1908 – 21 November 1999) was an English writer and actor.

paragraphs: Denis Charles Pratt was born in Sutton, Surrey. He was an openly gay man who was very camp. He changed his name to Quentin Crisp after leaving home to move to London when he was 21. He was a male prostitute for about six months. In 1942, he started doing life modelling for art students. He wrote about his life, including The Naked Civil Servant. In 1981 he moved to Manhattan. Crisp died of a heart attack in Manchester, where he was due to give a speech.


title: Tak Province

paragraphs: Tak () is one of the northern provinces ("changwat") of Thailand. As of 2013, 532,353 people live there, and it has an area of 16,406.6 km². The Governor is Charoenrit Sa-nguansat.

paragraphs: Tak's neighbouring provinces are (clockwise from north) Mae Hong Son, Chiang Mai, Lamphun, Lampang, Sukhothai, Kamphaeng Phet, Nakhon Sawan, Uthai Thani and Kanchanaburi. The western edge of Tak borders Kayin State of Myanmar.

paragraphs: Tak has 9 districts ("amphoe"), 63 subdistricts ("tambon") and 493 villages ("muban").


title: Ukraine Today

paragraphs: Ukraine Today is a satellite television channel from Ukraine. It broadcasts in English. In the future it will broadcast in Russian. It is owned by 1+1 Media Group. The channel's headquarters is in Kiev.

paragraphs: Ukraine Today began on the 14th August 2014, live on YouTube and the Eutelsat Hotbird satellite. It showed a testcard and words telling people how to receive the channel. On Independence Day in Ukraine, the 24th August, the channel launch officially, and began to show news.

paragraphs: Ukraine Today says that it focuses on Ukrainian current affairs, EU expansion, Russia's relations with Europe and America, and the difficulties of building a country in the 21st century.

paragraphs: Ukraine Today started broadcasting with a "Euronews"-style, with no presenters or studio, just videos of the news. Once more staff are employed, Ukraine Today will become a more traditional channel with a studio and presenters.


title: Christian Bourquin

paragraphs: Christian Bourquin (; 7 October 1954 – 26 August 2014) was a French politician. He was a member of the Socialist Party. He has been the president of the Regional Council of Languedoc-Roussillon from 2010 until his death in 2014. He served as Mayor of Millas from 1995 through 2001. He was born at Saint-Féliu-d'Amont, Pyrenees-Orientales.

paragraphs: Bourquin died in Montpellier, Hérault, France, aged 59.


title: Jason Wingreen

paragraphs: Jason Wingreen (born October 9, 1920) is an American actor. Wingreen is best known for his role as Harry Snowden on the television sitcom "All in the Family" and its continuation series, "Archie Bunker's Place". He is also known for making the voice of Boba Fett in the 1997 Star Wars movie "The Empire Strikes Back".


title: Carl Vinson

paragraphs: Carl Vinson (November 18, 1883 – June 1, 1981) was an American politician. He served as a Representative from Georgia. He was a Democrat. He was the first person to serve for more than 50 years in the United States House of Representatives. He was known as "The Father of the Two-Ocean Navy".


title: Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Quebec

paragraphs: The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Quebec is a Catholic archdiocese in the province of Quebec, Canada. It was started in 1658 as an Apostolic vicariate. Pope Clement X made it a diocese in 1674. At the time, the diocese covered all of New France. Starting in 1817, parts of the diocese were split off into new dioceses. In 1819, it became an archdiocese.

paragraphs: The Archdiocese of Quebec is the ecclesiastical provincial for three other dioceses in Quebec: Chicoutimi, Sainte-Anne-de-la-Pocatière, and Trois-Rivières.

paragraphs: The current archbishop of Quebec is Gérald Lacroix, who was appointed in 2011.


title: SouthWest Cyclops

paragraphs: The SouthWest Cyclops is a professional indoor lacrosse team that plays in Hagersville, Ontario. It is part of the Canadian Lacrosse League. It plays its home games in the Iroquois Lacrosse Arena.

paragraphs: The team was started in 2011 in Bampton as the Inferno. In 2014, it moved to Hagersville and renamed itself the Southwest Cyclops.


paragraphs: The Dean of the United States House of Representatives is the representative that has been in office the longest. The current Dean is Don Young, a Republican from Alaska. He has served in the House since March 6th, 1973. The Dean is a symbolic job whose only customary duty is to swear in a Speaker of the House when he or she is elected. The Dean comes forward on the House Floor to administer (give) the oath to the Speaker-elect. The new Speaker then administers the oath to the other members. The Dean does not preside over the election of the Speaker, unlike the Father of the House in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom and the Dean of the Canadian House of Commons.

paragraphs: Because of other privileges associated with seniority, the Dean is usually given some of the most desirable office space. The Dean is generally either chair or ranking minority member of an influential committee. Unlike the office of President pro tem, the Dean of the House of Representatives is not an official position.

paragraphs: Years as Dean are followed by name, party, state, and start of service in Congress.

paragraphs: All the members of the First Congress had equal seniority (as defined for the purpose of this article). But Muhlenberg as the Speaker was the first member to be sworn in. Muhlenberg, Hartley and Thatcher were among the 13 members who attended the initial meeting of the House on March 4, 1789.

paragraphs: In the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries some state delegations to the House were often not elected until after the term had begun. To avoid confusion, this fact is ignored in the list below.


title: Jamie L. Whitten

paragraphs: Jamie Lloyd Whitten (April 18, 1910September 9, 1995) was an American politician. He served as a United States Representative from Mississippi. He was the second-longest serving U.S. Representative ever and the fifth longest serving U.S. member of Congress ever.


title: Roman Catholic Diocese of Calgary

paragraphs: The Roman Catholic Diocese of Calgary is a Catholic diocese in the province of Alberta, Canada. It covers the Calgary Region, southern Alberta, and part of the Alberta's Rockies region. It is a suffragan diocese of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Edmonton.

paragraphs: There are 82 parishes and missions in the diocese. The diocese's cathedral is St. Mary's Cathedral, in Calgary. The current bishop is Frederick Henry, who was appointed in 1998.


title: Calgary Region

paragraphs: The Calgary Region is a region of Canada that includes the area around the city of Calgary, Alberta, Canada. It includes the city of Calgary, Rocky View County, and Municipal District of Foothills No. 31.

paragraphs: The region is a major transportation hub for southern Alberta, Saskatchewan, eastern British Columbia, and parts of the northern United States. The Calgary International Airport is in the Calgary region.

paragraphs: In 1999, fifteen municipalities in the region formed the Calgary Regional Partnership to coordinate regional growth and planning issues.


title: Regina Cyclone

paragraphs: The Regina Cyclone is a popular name for a tornado which hit Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada. It killed 28 people, making it the deadliest Canadian tornado. It started about 4:50 p.m. on June 30, 1912, forming 18 kilometres (11 miles) south of the city. The tornado move 12 kilometres (7.5 miles) north before dissipating. It was approximately 150 metres (490 feet) wide.

paragraphs: The tornado was estimated to have been an F4 on the Fujita scale. It killed 28 people and left 2,500 homeless. It caused CD$4.5 million in damages.


title: Linear system

paragraphs: In mathematics and systems theory, a linear system is one that can be described with linear mappings alone. Most systems found in nature don't have this property, they are called "non-linear".


title: Orchard

paragraphs: An orchard is where trees or shrubs that produce food are grown. Fruit, nuts, and vegetables are grown in orchards. They are grown to be sold. Orchards are sometimes a part of large gardens. They are put there to look nice and to produce food.


title: Call of Duty: Advanced Warfare

paragraphs: Call of Duty: Advanced Warfare is a first person shooter video game. It was developed by Sledgehammer Games. It is published by Activision and Square Enix for Japan. "Call of Duty: Advanced Warfare" was be released on November 3, 2014 for people who pre-ordered the game and wish to have "Day Zero Access". It was be released on November 4, 2014 for others. The game was released on the Xbox One, PS4, PC, Xbox 360 and PS3. This is the first Call of Duty game that wasn't released on Nintendo systems since .

paragraphs: "Call of Duty Advanced Warfare" will have changes in gameplay. One change is the Exo-Skeleton suit. It gives powers such as Boost Sliding, Dodging, Jumping, and so on. Weapons in multiplayer can be earned through supply drops or by ranking up. Gameplay is very similar to "Black Ops 2".

paragraphs: Campaign will have an upgradable Exo-Skeleton suit. It can be upgraded with upgrade points. Whenever you complete an exo challenge (getting 500 kills, headshots, etc.), you earn one upgrade point.

paragraphs: In 2054, a terrorist group named the KVA makes a worldwide attack. It destroys nuclear reactors of countries, like the United States. Many countries' military and government including electricity and technology were broken. That keeps the countries from being able to fight the attack made by the KVA. Private militaries have become the new attackers on the enemy. Jack Mitchell (Troy Baker) is a former U.S. Marine. He lost his left arm during a battle in South Korea. He joins Atlas, the world's most powerful private military with the most biggest technologies on the planet.

paragraphs: Shortly after Sledgehammer Games stopped helping Infinity Ward to finish Modern Warfare 3, Sledgehammer Games started working on Advanced Warfare.


title: Grow light

paragraphs: A grow light or plant light is an artificial light source, generally an electric light. It is designed to make plant growth faster by creating an electromagnetic spectrum. It is like photosynthesis. Grow lights are used in areas where there is either no naturally occurring light.


title: John Ehrlichman

paragraphs: John Daniel Ehrlichman (March 20, 1925 – February 14, 1999) was an American civil servant and criminal. He worked as counsel and Assistant to the President for Domestic Affairs under President Richard Nixon.

paragraphs: He was an important person in events leading to the Watergate scandal. He was convicted of conspiracy, obstruction of justice and perjury. He served a year and a half in prison for his crimes.

paragraphs: Ehrlichman died in Atlanta, Georgia from diabetes after refusing to receive any more dialysis treatments. He was 73 years old.


title: Chūsei Sone

paragraphs: Sone died on August 26, 2014 in Usuki, Ōita from pneumonia, aged 76.


title: James Lawson

paragraphs: James Morris Lawson, Jr. (born September 22, 1928) is an American activist and university professor. He was a leading peaceful activist within the Civil Rights Movement. During the 1960s, he served as a mentor to the Nashville Student Movement and the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee.


title: The Last Poets

paragraphs: The Last Poets is the name for several groups of poets and musicians who came out of the late 1960s African-American civil rights movement's black nationalist movement. The name is taken from a poem by the South African revolutionary poet Keorapetse Kgositsile. The Original Last Poets were formed on May 19, 1968 at Marcus Garvey Park in East Harlem. Their first album "The Last Poets" was released in 1970.


title: Elmo Williams

paragraphs: James Elmo Williams (April 30, 1913 – November 25, 2015) was an American movie editor, producer, director, and television executive. He is best known for his work on the movie "High Noon" (1952). For "High Noon", he won the Academy Award for Film Editing. In 2006, he published the memoir "Elmo Williams: A Hollywood Memoir". He has got many achievements for his movie editing work.

paragraphs: Williams was born in Lone Wolf, Oklahoma. In 1940, he married Lorraine Williams. She died in August 2004. They adopted two daughters and a son. He turned 100 in April 2013. He died on November 25, 2015 in Brookings, Oregon at the age of 102.


title: Valeri Petrov

paragraphs: Valeri Nisim Mevorah (; 22 April 1920 – 27 August 2014), better known as Valeri Petrov (), was a Bulgarian poet, screenwriter, playwright and translator. He was active between 1945 and the 1990s. He wrote the screenplay for a movie called "Yo Ho Ho" in 1981. It was made into a movie again in 2006, called "The Fall" .

paragraphs: Petrov was born in Sofia. His father was Jewish. During World War II, Bulgaria was (for a time) pro-Nazi so he used his non-Jewish mother's surname. He graduated in medicine from Sofia University in 1944. He was politically a leftist and socialist. Between 1947 and 1950, to continue his writing career he worked as a press and cultural attache and traveled to Rome, Italy. He also went to the United States, Switzerland and France.

paragraphs: He was a member of the Bulgarian parliament.

paragraphs: Petrov died from a stroke on 27 August 2014 in Sofia, aged 94.


title: Sunda Islands

paragraphs: The Sunda Islands are part of the Malay archipelago. They are divided into the Greater Sunda Islands and the Lesser Sunda Islands. Sumatra, Java, Borneo and Sulawesi make up the Greater Sunda Islands. The Lesser Sunda Islands consist of many smaller islands. Today, the Sunda Islands are divided between Indonesia, Malaysia, Brunei and East Timor. The Wallace Line also runs through the Sunda Islands. It is the biological division between the Australian fauna and flora, and that of Southeast Asia.


title: Francis Edgar Stanley

paragraphs: Francis Edgar Stanley (1849 – 1918), was an American inventor, photographer and manufacturer. He and his twin brother Freelan Oscar Stanley invented and manufactured the Stanley Steamer car. They were pioneers in the use of steam engines to power cars.

paragraphs: Francis E. Stanley and his twin Freelan O. Stanley were born on 1 June 1849 in Kingsfield, Maine. Their parents were Solomon and Apphia (French) Stanley. Solomon Stanley was both a farmer and a teacher. He and his brother graduated from Farmington State Normal School in Farmington, Maine. The school is now the University of Maine at Farmington. Francis became a teacher, and taught at New Portland, Cape Elizabeth and Strong, Maine. In 1870 he met and married Augusta May Walker, another teacher. Together they had three children. In 1875 he left teaching and moved to Auburn, Maine. He became an artist and photographer opening a studio there. He began to do more portrait photography and opened two more studios in Lewiston and Bridgton, Maine. In the early 1880s he started experimenting with the new dry plate way of taking pictures.

paragraphs: In 1885 both brothers left their jobs and started a company to make photographic plates for photographers. they sold their shop four years later when they moved to Watertown, Massachusetts. They started another photographic plate business, but sold it to Eastman Kodak in 1904. The photographic plate business had made both brothers very wealthy.

paragraphs: In 1897 the two brothers began experimenting and making steam-powered cars. They were soon making about 200 cars a year. In 1899 they purchased a bicycle factory in Watertown and began building their cars. They then sold their car company to John B. Walker and Amzi L. Barber for $250,000 USD. With it they sold the rights to their car designs. The sale had a clause that the two Stanley brothers could not build and sell cars for two years. The Stanley brothers broke the clause and had to give their new design to the company Walker and Barber formed, the Locomobile Company of America. In 1901 Francis and Freelan Stanley formed a new car company, the Stanley Motor Carriage Company.

paragraphs: The cars they produced, called Stanley Steamers, had many advantages. The cost was $650. That was $300 less than the cost of a Ford Model T. The cars were very quiet and only made hissing sounds from the boiler. They had no transmission because there was no need to change gears as there was with gasoline-powered cars. Their cars began making news. In 1899, Freelan and his wife Flora drove one of these cars to the top of Mount Washington in New Hampshire, the highest peak in the northeastern United States. The ascent took more than two hours and was notable as being the first time a car had climbed the long Mount Washington Carriage Road. In 1906 a Stanley Steamer broke the land speed record at 127 miles per hour on a beach in Florida.

paragraphs: As other car companies moved from steam to gasoline power, the Stanley Steamer became the most popular steam powered car. As the internal combustion engine designs improved, however, steam and electric cars lost much of their popularity. Finally, the numbers of cars sold went down to less than 600 a year in 1918. That year the Stanley brothers sold the company to Prescott Warren, a Chicago businessman. both brothers retired. A few months later, while he was driving home from a trip to Maine, his car ran off the road. He was driving a new 1918 Model 735 Stanley Steamer. He died in the accident, July 21, 1918. He was 69 years old. His brother Freelan lived to be 91 years old.


title: Yehezkel Braun

paragraphs: Yehezkel Braun (; January 18, 1922 – August 27, 2014) was an German-born Israeli composer. Braun was Professor Emeritus at Tel Aviv University.

paragraphs: Braun was born in Breslau, Germany (now Wroclaw, Poland). He moved to Mandate Palestine when he was two. Braun studied at the Israel Academy of Music. He received a Master's degree in Classical Studies from Tel Aviv University. In 2001, Braun was awarded the Israel Prize for music.

paragraphs: Braun died in Tel Aviv on August 27, 2014. He was 92.


title: Peret

paragraphs: Pedro Pubill Calaf 24 March 1935 – 27 August 2014), better known as Peret, was a Spanish gypsy singer, guitarist and composer of Catalan rumba. He was born in Mataró, Catalonia.

paragraphs: Peret was known for his 1971 single, "Borriquito" (Ariola Records). Peret represented Spain at the Eurovision Song Contest in 1974 and performed during the closing ceremony at the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona, Spain. In 2001, Peret recorded and released "Rey De La Rumba" ("King of the Rumba").

paragraphs: Peret died in Barcelona, Spain from lung cancer, aged 79.


title: Ronald Reagan Federal Building and Courthouse (Pennsylvania)

paragraphs: The Ronald Reagan Federal Building and Courthouse is a federal building and courthouse named after Ronald Reagan. It is located at 228 Walnut Street in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. It is twelve-stories tall. The building was built in 1966. It is owned by the General Services Administration. It was officially renamed on March 9, 2004.


title: Mount Clay

paragraphs: Mount Clay is a peak located in Thompson and Meserve's Purchase in Coos County in the Presidential Range of the White Mountains of New Hampshire. It is a rise about long and a few hundred feet tall, with summit elevation of . It lies on the ridge joining the summits of Mount Washington, about to the south-southeast, with that of Mount Jefferson, about north.


title: Sandy Wilson

paragraphs: Alexander Galbraith "Sandy" Wilson (19 May 1924 – 27 August 2014) was an English composer and lyricist. He was best known for his musical "The Boy Friend" (1953).

paragraphs: Wilson was born in Sale, Cheshire. He studied at the Harrow School and Oriel College, Oxford.

paragraphs: Most of his work for the stage was material for revues, such as Hermione Gingold's "Slings and Arrows", Laurier Lister's "Oranges and Lemons", and "See You Later".

paragraphs: Wilson died in London, England, aged 90.


title: Mardi Gras (album)

paragraphs: Mardi Gras is the seventh and final studio album by Creedence Clearwater Revival. The album was released on April 11, 1972.


title: Jan Groth

paragraphs: Jan Leonard Groth (25 February 1946 – 27 August 2014) was a Norwegian musician. He was active from the early 1970s onwards. He was a member of the progressive rock band Aunt Mary, where he was lead singer and keyboardist. He later moved on to Christian rock, where he most notably sang rock versions of many preacher singer's songs. He was also a member of the band Just 4 Fun. At the 1991 Eurovision Song Contest, Just 4 Fun represented Norway and played the song "Mrs. Thompson".

paragraphs: Groth was born in Greåker. He grew up in a Pentecostal family.

paragraphs: Groth died after a year long battle with cancer on 27 August 2014. He was 68.


title: John Houseman

paragraphs: John Houseman (born Jacques Haussmann; September 22, 1902October 31, 1988) was a Romanian-born British–American actor and movie producer. He was known for working with Orson Welles. Houseman was known for his role as Professor Charles Kingsfield in the movie "The Paper Chase" (1973).

paragraphs: Houseman died in Malibu, California from spinal cancer, aged 86.


title: Simon Featherstone

paragraphs: Simon Mark Featherstone (24 July 1958 – 27 August 2014) was a British diplomat. He served as the High Commissioner to Malaysia from October 2010 until May 2014. He served the United Kingdom on diplomatic missions in China, Belgium, Switzerland, Liechtenstein and Malaysia.

paragraphs: Featherstone was born in London. He was one of four brothers. He studied law at the University of Oxford and got an MA in 1980. He was married and had three children.

paragraphs: Featherstone died after a year long illness on 27 August 2014. He was 56.


title: Carl Van Vechten

paragraphs: Carl Van Vechten (June 17, 1880 – December 21, 1964) was an American writer and artistic photographer. He was known for taking pictures of many famous celebrities during the late 1930s and early 1940s. He was born in Cedar Rapids, Iowa.

paragraphs: Vechten was married to actress Fania Marinoff from 1914 until his death in 1964. Vechten died in New York City, New York, aged 84.


title: Fania Marinoff

paragraphs: Fania Marinoff (; ) (March 20, 1890 – November 17, 1971) was an Russian-American actress.

paragraphs: Marinoff was born in Odessa, Russian Empire (now Ukraine). She married Carl Van Vechten in 1914. They had met two years earlier, and their marriage lasted over 50 years until Van Vechten's death.

paragraphs: She played supporting and lead roles in dozens of Broadway plays between 1903 and 1937, and eight U.S. silent movies between 1914 and 1917.

paragraphs: She died in 1971 in Englewood, New Jersey from pneumonia, aged 81.


title: Timothy Olyphant

paragraphs: Timothy David Olyphant (born May 20, 1968) is an American actor. He is best known for his television work as Sheriff Seth Bullock in "Deadwood" (2004–2006), and Deputy U.S. Marshal Raylan Givens in the series "Justified" (2010-2015). He has starred in the movies "Scream 2" (1997), "Go" (1999), "Gone in 60 Seconds" (2000), "" (2000), "Dreamcatcher" (2003), "The Girl Next Door" (2004), "Live Free or Die Hard/Die Hard 4.0" (2007), "Hitman" (2007), "A Perfect Getaway" (2009), "The Crazies" (2010), "I Am Number Four" (2011), and "Rango" (2011). Olyphant starred in the Netflix series "Santa Clarita Diet".