title: Syed Ahmed Khan

paragraphs: Sir Syed Ahmed Khan CSI (; (October 17, 1817 – 27 March 1898) was a teacher and politician. He was a philospher as well. He was also a social reformer. He founded the school that would later become Aligarh Muslim University.

paragraphs: In 1857 there was a rebellion in India. This is known as the First Indian War of Independence. During this time, Sir Syed kept loyal to the British; He also saved many European lives. After the rebellion he wrote a book where he said the British were in fact those who caused the rebellion.In order to settle the question of whether Sir Syed was a communitarian or a communalist, we need to assess the speeches and articles which he wrote. One such speech of Sir Syed which he gave in Meerut in the year 1888 clearly shows that Sir Syed turned to arguments fielded by religious fanatics in order to develop a communal alliance between Indian Muslims and British Christians. He said,

paragraphs: He was unhappy about the position of Muslims in India as their social and economic status was declining. According to Sir Syed, Muslims had to bring a positive approach to the British and accept their ways of education. He wanted the Muslims to benefit from the British. To achieve this task he had to bring about cooperation between the Muslims and the British. To do this he did the following things:

paragraphs: Sir Syed played a vital role in the educational uplift of the Muslims in India. He did the following things to improve the educational standards:

paragraphs: Sir Syed also increased the political awareness of Muslims in the Sub-continent. At first he believed in Hindu-Muslim unity but later resolved to the two-nation theory. In 1885 the Indian National Congress was set up. It claimed to be the body of every Indian regardless of religion. However it later proved to be functioning only for the Hindus and tried to eradicate the Muslims. The Congress made three demands:

paragraphs: Sir Syed Ahmed Khan played a vital role in improving the Muslim status. He worked tirelessly to restore relations between the Muslims and the British. He brought the Muslim revival through the Aligarh movement and showed the importance of education. He brought an idea about the Two-nation theory and is hence known as "The Father of The Pakistan Movement"


title: United Airlines Flight 93

paragraphs: United Airlines Flight 93 was an airline flight that, on September 11, 2001, was hijacked and crashed on purpose. On that day, the flight was to fly from Newark International Airport (later renamed Newark Liberty International Airport), in Newark, New Jersey, USA to San Francisco International Airport.

paragraphs: The aircraft was hijacked by four men as part of the al-Qaeda organized attack on the United States on September 11, 2001. Soon after the flight took off, the hijackers entered the cockpit and overpowered the pilots. They took control of the aircraft and flew it toward Washington, D.C. Several passengers and crew members made telephone calls aboard the flight and learned about the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon. The passengers then decided to attack the hijackers and retake the aircraft.

paragraphs: The hijackers crashed the plane in a field to prevent the passengers from succeeding in breaching the cockpit door just outside Shanksville, Pennsylvania, about northwest of Washington, D.C., killing all crew members and passengers. An investigation determined that the actions of the passengers on board had prevented the hijackers from reaching Washington, D.C.

paragraphs: On September 11, 2001, United Airlines flight 93 was a scheduled morning flight from Newark to San Francisco. The aircraft for the flight was a Boeing 757. The aircraft could carry 182 passengers; but the flight had 37 passengers and 7 crew members, which was low.

paragraphs: The hijackers were led by Ziad Jarrah, a member of al-Qaeda. Jarrah was born in Lebanon. He moved to Germany in 1996, enrolling at the University of Greifswald to study German. A year later, he moved to Hamburg, Germany and began studying aeronautical engineering at Hamburg University of Applied Sciences. While living in Hamburg, Jarrah associated with a radical Hamburg cell of terrorists.

paragraphs: In November 1999, Jarrah left for Afghanistan, where he spent three months. In Afghanistan in January 2000, he met with al-Qaeda leader Osama bin Laden. Jarrah returned to Germany at the end of January and obtained a new passport with no Afghan passport stamps in February by falsely reporting his passport as stolen.

paragraphs: In June 2000, Jarrah arrived in Florida in June 2000. He began taking flying lessons as well as training in hand-to-hand combat.

paragraphs: Four other hijackers were trained to physically fight with the crew. Three of them accompanied Jarrah on Flight 93. They were Ahmed al-Nami, Hamza al-Ghamdi and Mohand al-Shehri].

paragraphs: On August 3, 2001, the intended fifth hijacker, Mohammed al-Qahtani, flew to Orlando, Florida, USA from Dubai. He was questioned by officials, who did not believe that he could support himself with only $2,800 cash, and suspicious that he intended to become an illegal immigrant because he was using a one-way ticket. He was sent back to Dubai, and later returned to Saudi Arabia.


title: Mirza Ghalib

paragraphs: "Dabeer-ul-Mulk, Najm-ud-daulah" Mirza Asadullah Beg Khan (; ) born Mirza Asadullah Baig Khan (Urdu: ; ), pen-name Ghalib (Urdu: , "ġhālib" means "dominant") and Asad (Urdu: , "Asad" means "lion") (27 December 1796 — 15 February 1869), was a great classical Urdu and Persian poet of the Indian subcontinent. Most notably, he wrote several ghazals during his life, which have since been interpreted and sung in many different ways by different people. He is considered to be the most popular and influential poet of the Urdu language.

paragraphs: He was born in 1796 in Akbarabad (present Agra). His father Abdullah Beg Khan and uncle Nasrullah Beg Khan born with his college friends

paragraphs: He started saying sher in Agra itself. He married the daughter of Nawab Ilahi Baksh 'Maaroof' and therefore moved to Delhi. In Delhi he devoted his full concentration to poetry. Soon he mastered the Persian language. So that no one should call him be-ustad ( without a teacher) he fabricated a story that he had an Iranian teacher Abdul Samad live in house for two years to teach him Farsi. Ghalib was always proud of his Farsi poetry but he is known more by his Urdu prose and poetry.

paragraphs: He always lived his life lacking money. After 1857 the support from the Royal durbar stopped. The pension from the British Government was stopped because he was suspected of supporting the rebels. He even traveled to Calcutta to restart the pension but to no avail.

paragraphs: He went to the Nawab of Rampur, who promised him Rupees 200 if he lived in Rampur and Rs. 100 if he lived anywhere else. His pension was resumed 3 years after that, but all that money was used up for paying old debts. Ghalib died in 1869.

paragraphs: Not only Urdu poetry but the prose is also indebted to Mirza Ghalib. His letters gave foundation to the easy and popular Urdu. Before Ghalib, letter writing in Urdu was highly ornamental. He made his letters "talking" by using words and sentences as if he is talking to the reader. According to him

paragraphs: "sau kos say ba-zabaan-e-qalam baateiN kiya karo aur hijr meiN visaal kay ma-zay liya karo"

paragraphs: [ from hundred of miles talk with the tongue of the pen and enjoy the joy of meeting even when you are separated]

paragraphs: His letters were very informal, some times he will just write the name of the person and start the letter. He himself was very humorous and also made his letter very interesting. He said

paragraphs: "maiN koshish karta hooN keH koi aisi baat likhooN jo pa-Rhay kHoosh ho jaaye"

paragraphs: [ I want to write the lines that whoever reads those should enjoy it]

paragraphs: When the third wife of one of his friends died, he wrote...

paragraphs: "Allah allah aik woH log haiN jo teen teen dafaH iss qaid say chhooT chu-kaiN haiN aur aik hum haiN keH aik ag-lay pachas baras say jo phaNsi ka phaNda ga-lay meiN paRha hai to naH phaNda hi TuT-ta hai naH dum hi nikalta hai"

paragraphs: [Allah Allah, there are some among us who have been freed from the prison three times and I have for the past 50 years this rope around my neck neither this rope breaks nor it takes my life]

paragraphs: Some scholars says that Ghalib would have the same place in Urdu literature even only on the basis of his letters.

paragraphs: In Urdu ghazals, along with the love and beauty Ghalib added all the facets of life. Because of him the canvas of Urdu ghazal became very extended.

paragraphs: Since Ghalib was very occupied with Persian, his earlier shers used difficult words and his flights of imagination was such that...

paragraphs: "yaa to aap sam-jhay yaa kHuda sam-jhay"

paragraphs: [ either you (Ghalib) understand or the God understand]

paragraphs: Ghalib was not a philosopher but he questioned things around him.

paragraphs: One also find naughtiness in his writings, he makes fun of every thing and everybody including himself.

paragraphs: But Ghalib's sher not only have immediate effect on the heart but it makes you think too.

paragraphs: kaun jeeta hai teri zulf kay sar ho-nay tak.

paragraphs: hum nay mana keH tagHaful naH karo-gay lekin

paragraphs: kHaak ho jaaayeN-gay tum ko kHabar ho-nay tak.

paragraphs: daame hur mauj meiN hai hulqa-e-sad kaam nihaNg

paragraphs: dekheiN kya guz-ray hai qat-ray peH guhar ho-nay tak.

paragraphs: Tarze-Nigarish "طرز نگارش" By Dr Abdul haq


title: Saare Jahan se Achcha

paragraphs: Saare Jahan se Achcha is a poem. It was re-written in 1931. It became a symbol of resistance to the English rule of British-occupied India. The poem exists in different versions. Saare Jahan Se Achchha () is one of the enduring patriotic poems of the Urdu language. Written originally for children in the ghazal style of Urdu poetry by poet Muhammad Iqbal, the poem was published in the weekly journal Ittehad on 14 August 1931. Recited by Iqbal the following year at Government College, Lahore, now in Pakistan, it quickly became an anthem of opposition to the British rule in India.

paragraphs: "ham bulbuleñ haiñ us kī vuh gulsitāñ hamārā"

paragraphs: "ġhurbat meñ hoñ agar ham, rahtā hai dil vat̤an meñ"

paragraphs: "samjho vuhīñ hameñ bhī dil ho jahāñ hamārā"

paragraphs: "parbat vuh sab se ūñchā, hamsāyah āsmāñ kā"

paragraphs: "godī meñ kheltī haiñ jis kī hazāroñ nadiyāñ"

paragraphs: "gulshan hai jin ke dam se rashk-e janāñ hamārā"

paragraphs: "ay āb-rūd-e Ganga! vuh din haiñ yād tujh ko?"

paragraphs: "mażhab nahīñ sikhātā āpas meñ bair rakhnā"

paragraphs: "Hindi haiñ ham, vat̤an hai hindustāñ hamārā"

paragraphs: "yūnān-o-miṣr-o-rumā sab miṭ gaʾe jahāñ se"

paragraphs: "ab tak magar hai bāqī nām-o-nishāñ hamārā"

paragraphs: "kuchh bāt hai kih hastī miṭtī nahīñ hamārī"

paragraphs: "sadiyoñ rahā hai dushman daur-e zamāñ hamārā"

paragraphs: "iqbāl! koʾī maḥram apnā nahīñ jahāñ meñ"

paragraphs: "maʿlūm kyā kisī ko dard-e nihāñ hamārā!"

paragraphs: Better than the entire world, is our Hindustan,

paragraphs: We are its nightingales, and it (is) our garden abode

paragraphs: If we are in an alien place, the heart remains in the homeland,

paragraphs: Know us to be only there where our heart is.

paragraphs: That tallest mountain, that shade-sharer of the sky,

paragraphs: (It) is our sentry, (it) is our watchman

paragraphs: In its lap frolic those thousands of rivers,

paragraphs: Whose vitality makes our garden the envy of Paradise.

paragraphs: O the flowing waters of the Ganges, do you remember that day

paragraphs: When our caravan first disembarked on your waterfront?

paragraphs: Religion does not teach us to bear ill-will among ourselves

paragraphs: We are of Hindi, our homeland is Hindustan.

paragraphs: In a world in which ancient Yunan, Misr, and Roma have all vanished without trace

paragraphs: Our own attributes (name and sign) live on today.

paragraphs: Such is our existence that it cannot be erased

paragraphs: Even though, for centuries, the cycle of time has been our enemy.

paragraphs: Iqbal! We have no confidant in this world

paragraphs: What does any one know of our hidden pain?


title: Atlantic Soccer Conference

paragraphs: This is a list of colleges and universities who play soccer in the Atlantic Soccer Conference:


title: United Soccer Conference

paragraphs: This is a list of colleges and universities who play soccer in the United Soccer Conference:


title: Collegiate Water Polo Association

paragraphs: This is a list of colleges and universities who play water polo in the Collegiate Water Polo Association:


title: Western Water Polo Association

paragraphs: This is a list of colleges and universities who play water polo in the Western Water Polo Association:


title: ECAC Lacrosse

paragraphs: ECAC Lacrosse, in full the ECAC Lacrosse League, was an American college sports conference that only played men's lacrosse. The conference, a member of NCAA Division I, was founded in 1999 with play beginning in 2000 (both events were in the same school year).

paragraphs: The conference started with six members, and grew to as many as 10 schools. In its final years, it went through many membership changes; the biggest ones were:

paragraphs: ECAC Lacrosse disbanded after the 2014 season. This came after the Big Ten Conference, home to two of the final five members, said it would start a men's lacrosse league in the 2015 season. Two of the other three final members soon announced moves to other conferences.

paragraphs: These schools were members in the league's last season of 2014. Because NCAA lacrosse is a spring sport, the year of joining is the calendar year before the first season of play.

paragraphs: These schools left ECAC Lacrosse before 2014. As in the previous table, the year of joining is the calendar year before the first season of play.


title: Great Western Lacrosse League

paragraphs: The Great Western Lacrosse League was a group of colleges and universities that played men's lacrosse against one another from 1984 to 2009. The conference disbanded after Notre Dame left when its main conference, the Big East, started a men's lacrosse league. The remaining five members joined ECAC Lacrosse.


title: Nightingale

paragraphs: The nightingale ("Luscinia megarhynchos") is a small bird. It is also known as the rufous or common nightingale. It used to be classed as a member of the thrush family Turdidae. It belongs to a group of more terrestrial species, often called chats.

paragraphs: It is a migratory insectivorous species. It breeds in forests and scrubs in Europe and south-west Asia. The distribution is more southerly than the very closely related thrush nightingale "Luscinia luscinia". It nests on the ground within or next to dense bushes. It passes the winter southern Africa. Studies have shown that nightingales seem to choose places to breed that meet certain criteria (Wink 1973):

paragraphs: The Nightingale is slightly larger than the robin, at 15-16.5 cm length. It is plain brown above except for the reddish tail. It is buff to white below. Sexes are similar.

paragraphs: Nightingales are named so because they frequently sing at night as well as during the day. The name has been used for well over 1,000 years, being highly recognizable even in its Anglo-Saxon form - 'nihtingale'. It means 'night songstress'. Early writers assumed the female sang; in fact, it is the male.

paragraphs: The song is loud, with an impressive range of whistles, trills and gurgles. Its song is particularly noticeable at night because few other birds are singing. This is why its name (in several languages) includes "night". Only unpaired males sing regularly at night, and nocturnal song is likely to serve attracting a mate. Singing at dawn, during the hour before sunrise, is assumed to be important in defending the bird's territory. Nightingales sing even more loudly in urban or near-urban environments, in order to overcome the background noise. The most characteristic feature of the song is a loud whistling crescendo, absent from the song of thrush nightingale. It has a frog-like alarm call.


title: We Are the Champions

paragraphs: "We Are the Champions" is a power ballad by Queen for the album "News of the World". It was written by Freddie Mercury.


title: British Invasion

paragraphs: The British Invasion is an event where many rock and roll, beat, and pop bands from the United Kingdom became very popular in the United States, Australia, and Canada. The term was created by the news media.


title: Pokémon

paragraphs: The video games have sold more copies than every other series except Nintendo's "Mario" series.

paragraphs: A number of "Pokémon" games have been released, mostly on Nintendo systems, with the exception of Pokémon GO as The Pokémon Company is owned by Nintendo.

paragraphs: Most games are based on catching, training and battling Pokémon, and the player is a Pokémon trainer who does all these things. There are a number of aspects to the games.

paragraphs: In the games, Pokémon are creatures that trainers catch (using various types of capture devices known as Poké Balls), train, battle, collect, and trade with each other. As of the seventh generation, there are 802 of them. One of the most popular Pokémon in competitive battling is Mega Kangaskhan, because of its ability to hit the target twice with each move.

paragraphs: Another Pokemon game is the famous Pokemon GO that can be played only on touch phones. It has a big difference from the other games but its basics are the same. This game uses Augmented Reality and the phone's GPS to give the player a very real sense of play. People literally walk around their neighborhoods, explore new places and catch Pokemon which can be captured along with your surrounding environment by using the phone's camera. People can also go to special places or landmarks where there would be Poké Stops and Gyms which can be used to collect items, battle other Pokemon etc. This game has been a huge success when it was released and is widely considered as the beginning of the AR era.

paragraphs: The gameplay of the Pokémon series of role-playing video games involves the capture and training of many of fictional creatures called "Pokémon" and using them to battle other trainers. Each generation of games builds upon this idea by introducing new Pokémon, items, and gameplay concepts. Some of the general ideas were featured elsewhere before being introduced in the games; double battles appeared in the anime long before appearing in the games, and Pokémon abilities are similar to the Pokémon Powers first seen in the "Pokémon Trading Card Game".

paragraphs: Not long after "Pokémon Red and Blue" (the first "Pokémon" video games) were released, a "Pokémon" anime was created. It was first shown in Japan in late 1997, and in the United States in late 1998. The anime started what has been called "Pokémania", which meant that after the anime came out, it became very popular among children, and many parents assumed it was a fad and no one would care about it in a couple years. However, it was never cancelled, and it is still running.

paragraphs: The interesting thing about the Pokémon Anime is that when a new Pokémon game is released that is not a remake, the whole Anime focuses on that with new Pokémon and the world that is in that Pokémon game.

paragraphs: The anime shows the adventures of Ash Ketchum, (with the exception of some special series) a ten-year-old Pokémon trainer who has many adventures, meeting many new people and Pokémon. His most famous Pokémon, and probably "the" most famous Pokémon, is Pikachu.

paragraphs: A number of "Pokémon" films have also been made that relate to the anime. The first one was "Pokémon: The First Movie" (released in 1998 in Japan and 1999 in United States). There are more movies still being made. There have now been seventeen films released.

paragraphs: A "Pokémon" trading card game also exists. Players use Pokémon cards to battle each other and collect them by opening packs. There are also live tournaments hosted by Nintendo. Pokémon's damage is counted by "damage counters" or objects which are placed on the cards to keep track of damage. After you add up all of the numbers on the damage counters, you subtract it from the card's HP (health points) to find out how much HP is left. Only 60 cards are used in a player's deck, and six of these are set aside in a pile called "prize cards." After one player knocks out an opponent's card, the defeater takes just one face-down prize card for non-EX Pokémon. Meanwhile, when someone makes an EX Pokémon faint, he or she gets two prize cards. There is one discard pile for each player, where fainted Pokémon go. Some ways to win are taking all of your prize cards, and/or making your opponent draw all of his or her cards.

paragraphs: There are cards designed as various Pokémon, which usually need "Energy" cards to use attacks. There are also "Trainer" cards, which are used for additional things other than direct Pokémon attacks, like giving Pokemon more HP. Most fans of the series agree that a good deck is made of about twenty "Pokémon" cards, twenty "Energy" cards, and twenty "Trainer" cards.

paragraphs: Players can evolve their Benched or Active Pokémon. The Bench is a spot that can hold Pokémon, and these Pokémon can be evolved with its evolution card. Active Pokémon can evolve too, but can also use attacks. To evolve a Pokémon, you can just put its evolution card on top of it.

paragraphs: All Pokémon cards have types. The type affects how effective an attack is. For example, a certain Lightning-type Pikachu card can use an attack that normally deals 80 damage. If the Pikachu uses it against a Pokémon with a Weakness of +20 to Lighting, you add 20 more damage to the normal damage to make it 100. Types can also make things less effective.

paragraphs: There is also a special kind of Pokémon in the trading card game called ""EX"" Pokémon. "EX & GX" Pokémon are stronger than regular ones, but when they are knocked out, the player's opponent draws two of their prize cards (with regular Pokémon it is just one.) Also, there is another special type of Pokémon in the trading card game called "Delta Species" Pokémon, which have types that are different than typical cards, like an Electric-type Charmander, who is usually Fire-type. In the "Diamond & Pearl" trading card game expansion, "LV.X" cards were introduced. These are a little like evolution cards, but they can only be used on Active Pokémon. In the "HeartGold & SoulSilver" expansion, The Pokémon Company released new cards, called LEGEND cards. LEGEND cards are two cards sold separately that when put together make one picture. They can be used only when the two cards they are made of are put together; they cannot work separately.

paragraphs: The "Pokémon" media franchise, especially the anime, has been often criticized by organizations such as PETA.

paragraphs: An episode of the anime called "Dennō Senshi Porygon" ("Electric Soldier Porygon" in the United States) was first shown in Japan on December 16, 1997. One part of the episode showed quickly flashing red and blue lights. This caused 685 Japanese children to have epileptic seizures. Because of this, the anime went on a four-month break, and several laws were put in place regarding the flashing lights.

paragraphs: Porygon, one of the main characters in the episode, has not appeared again in the anime ever since "Dennō Senshi Porygon". It has two evolved forms, Porygon2 and Porygon-Z, and neither of them have appeared in the anime at all, even though it was Ash Ketchum's Pikachu that made the explosion that caused the flashing lights.

paragraphs: An episode of "The Simpsons" called "Thirty Minutes Over Tokyo" made fun of "Dennō Senshi Porygon". So did an episode of "South Park" called "Chinpokomon".

paragraphs: Jynx, a species of Pokémon, was criticized because it looked like it was using blackface (an old film-making technique that makes white actors look African-American). It was also criticized because it looked like a drag queen (a man who dresses as a woman). This was not an issue in Japan, but it caused a lot of argument in the United States because of the United States' history of racism. Ever since then, Jynx has purple skin instead of black skin, and anime episodes featuring it were banned due to argument.

paragraphs: Registeel, one of the regi-trios was criticized for being too similar to a Hitler's salute. In the Gen IV sprites for Registeel, it appears it is saluting. This only took place in the Japanese copies. When the English translations got released they have censored in such a way it was not saluting.

paragraphs: Another Nazi-related censorship was the card Koga's Ninga Trick. In this card, there are various symbols, one of them being the swastika. In the Asian culture, this symbol meant peace and relaxation/ While over the last century, it has turned into a demonic symbol. In the English translation, it has turned into another symbol.


title: Pokémon (anime)

paragraphs: Pokémon (abbreviated from ) is a Japanese anime series. It is part of the "Pokémon" media franchise which is owned by Nintendo. It has been brought to many other places, including North America, Europe, and Australia. The United States dub was originally made by 4Kids Entertainment; starting in 2006 the dub has been made by Pokémon USA.

paragraphs: Not long after "Pokémon Red and Blue" (the first "Pokémon" video games outside of Japan) were released, the anime was created. It was first broadcast in Japan in early 1997, and in the United States in late 1998. The anime started what has been called "Pokémania", which meant that after the anime came out, it became very popular among children, and many parents assumed it was a fad and no one would care about it in a couple years. However, it was never cancelled, and it is still running, and continues to maintain a fanbase consisting of people of all ages.

paragraphs: The anime shows the adventures of Ash Ketchum, a 10-year-old Pokémon trainer who has many adventures, meeting many new people and Pokémon.

paragraphs: A number of "Pokémon" films have also been made that relate to the anime. The first one was "" (released on 1998 in Japan and on 1999 in North America). They are still being made.


title: Ace Attorney

paragraphs: Ace Attorney, known as in Japan, is a video game series made by Capcom, with games released on the Game Boy Advance, Nintendo DS, and Nintendo 3DS. The series is a visual novel style courtroom drama where a rookie defense attorney must get their falsely accused client a not guilty verdict and find the true culprit.

paragraphs: The first "Ace Attorney" game was released in Japan in 2001. The game, "" was made for the Game Boy Advance. In 2005, the game was released outside of Japan for the first time. This was with a Nintendo DS version of the game. Right now, the series has six main games and five spin-off games.


title: Oruchuban Ebichu

paragraphs: Oruchuban Ebichu (or ) is an anime made by Gainax director Makoto Moriwaki. It's based on the manga by Risa Itō(伊藤理佐) in 1990.

paragraphs: In 1990 to 2007, publish serially of magazine 『Giga&chan』(ギガ/Shan), publication of Shufutoseikatsusha() and 2007 to 2008, publish serially of magazine 『ACTION PIZAZZ』(アクションピザッツ), publication of Futabasha(). after 1999, 15curtain in book form Futabasha. In 1999, was organization of 10acts and screened of Television in DirecTV(ディレクTV).

paragraphs: this story is one housekeeper Hamster Ebichu and her's maester Gosujinjama(ご主人ちゃま), one office lady. Other characters is People around of maester, Kaisyonachi, Ma-Kun, Lady Hanabataki, newly married couple Kobayashi couple. Ebichu name from to Japanese beer "Yebisu".

paragraphs: Ebichu is a hamster and faithful and versatile housekeeper, a top-class performance. She often lacks tact and play a practical joke on a person. Gosujinjama is 25 or 26, 29years office lady. Gosujinsama is bad-tempered and downright sort of woman, but dangler for her boyfriends. other characters is Kaionachi, Ma Kun and Ms. Hanabataki (real name is Watanabe), their is friends of Gosujinsama. Kaionachi is boyfriends of Gosujinsama, but he is laziness, immature and he like pachinko and amusement. He had an affair with another woman many times, but discovered Ebichu. Ma-kun(マァくん) is more lover and follower of Ebichu. Ms. Hanabataki(花畑さん) Real name is Watanabe(渡辺さん). her is good friends of Gosujinsama. but naive and her do not know world affairs.


title: Kirby Super Star Ultra

paragraphs: Kirby Super Star Ultra is a remake of "Kirby Super Star", a video game for the Super Nintendo. 'It was released for the Nintendo DS in 2008.

paragraphs: "Kirby Super Star Ultra" has every game original "Kirby Super Star", along with new games. The new games are:


title: SummerSlam (2008)

paragraphs: SummerSlam was a professional wrestling pay-per-view event produced by World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE), which took place on August 17, 2008 at Conseco Fieldhouse in Indianapolis, Indiana. It was the 21st annual SummerSlam event and starred wrestlers from the Raw, SmackDown and ECW brands.


title: HAL Laboratory

paragraphs: HAL Laboratory is a video game developer and a second party to Nintendo. Theymade the games "Kirby" and "Super Smash Bros."


title: Wario Land: The Shake Dimension

paragraphs: Wario Land: The Shake Dimension (known as Wario Land: Shake It! in North America) is a platform video game made by Good-feel and to be published by Nintendo for the Wii game console.

paragraphs: "The Shake Dimension" is a sidescrolling platform game that uses 3D cel-shading to make it look hand-drawn. It stars Wario, and the player controls him by holding the Wii Remote like an NES controller. Wario can jump, do a shoulder bash, and at certain times, can use the Wii Remote's motion features to shake stuff or control stuff.


title: Rosario Dawson

paragraphs: Rosario Isabel Dawson (born May 9, 1979) is an American actress and singer. Her first movie was "Kids" in 1995. Since then, she has become known for her roles in "Men in Black II" (2002), "25th Hour" (2002), "The Rundown" (2003), "Alexander" (2004), "Sin City" (2005), "Death Proof" (2007), "Eagle Eye" (2008), "Unstoppable" (2010), "César Chávez" (2013), "Trance" (2013), "The Lego Batman Movie" (2017).

paragraphs: Dawson endorsed Barack Obama for re-election in 2012, and Bernie Sanders for the Democratic nomination in the 2016 Democratic Party primaries.

paragraphs: She has been dating Senator Cory Booker since 2019.

paragraphs: In February 2020, Dawson publicly came out as a member of the LGBT community.


title: The Age

paragraphs: The Age is a newspaper made in Melbourne, Australia. It is owned by an Australian company called Fairfax, and its first edition was on 17 October 1854.

paragraphs: The newspaper was first made by John and Henry Cooke. They also had a merchant business called Francis Cooke and Co.. They said they would use the newspaper to help miners in the Australian Gold Rush. The newspaper has become very popular since then. According to its website, it gets up to 957,000 on Saturdays. The editor is Andrew Jaspan, who got the job in 2004. He got in trouble in 2008 when "The Age" journalists agreed that he had been making it hard for them to make news reports independently.


title: MINIX

paragraphs: MINIX is a Unix-like computer operating system based on a microkernel architecture. Andrew S. Tanenbaum wrote the operating system so it could be used for educational purposes; MINIX also helped Linus Torvalds design the Linux kernel. Its name comes from the words "minimal" and "Unix".

paragraphs: Released under the BSD license, MINIX is free and open source.

paragraphs: Andrew S. Tanenbaum created MINIX at Vrije Universiteit in Amsterdam.

paragraphs: MINIX 3 was announced to the public on 24 October 2005 by Andrew Tanenbaum during his speech on top of the ACM Symposium Operating System Principles conference. MINIX 3 currently supports only IA-32 architecture PC systems. It has a Live CD format that lets it be used on a computer without installing it.

paragraphs: Version 3.1.2 was released 8 May 2006. It contains X11, emacs, vi, cc, gcc, perl, python, ash, bash, zsh, ftp, ssh, telnet, pine, and over 400 other common UNIX programs. With the addition of X11, this version starts the change from a Text-Only System.

paragraphs: The design principles Tanenbaum applied to MINIX had influenced the design decisions Linus Torvalds applied in the creation of the Linux kernel. Torvalds used and appreciated MINIX, but his design was different from the MINIX architecture in significant ways, most notably by employing a monolithic kernel instead of a microkernel. This was famously disapproved by Tanenbaum in the Tanenbaum-Torvalds debate. (Tanenbaum explained again his rationale for using a microkernel in May 2006.)

paragraphs: In May 2004 Kenneth Brown of the Alexis de Tocqueville Institution raised the accusation that major parts of the Linux kernel had been copied from MINIX, in a book called "Samizdat".

paragraphs: These accusations were refused by almost everyone - in particular by Andrew Tanenbaum, who strongly felt that Kenneth Brown was very wrong and published a long rebuttal on his own personal website.

paragraphs: Its licensing fee was very small ($69) compared to the ones of other operating systems. Although Tanenbaum wished for MINIX to be as easily available to students, his publisher would not allow it.

paragraphs: When free/open source Unix-like operating systems such as Linux became available in the early 1990s, many volunteer software developers stopped using MINIX for Linux. In April 2000, MINIX became free/open source software under a permissive free software licence, but by this time other operating systems were much better, and it was mostly used as an operating system for students and hobbyists.


title: Causality

paragraphs: Causality is a way to describe how different events relate to one another. Suppose there are two events "A" and "B". If "B" happens because "A" happened, then people say that A "is the cause" of B, or that B "is the effect of" A.

paragraphs: What looks very simple, is in fact a difficult problem. Many people have tried to solve it, they have come up with different solutions

paragraphs: Aristotle was a Greek philosopher. He also looked at the problem of causality. In his books "Posterior analytics" and "Metaphysics" he wrote:

paragraphs: This can be used to explain causality. Aristotle found different kinds of causes:

paragraphs: Aristotle told people of two types of causes: proper (prior) causes and accidental (chance) causes. Both types of causes, can be spoken as potential or as actual, particular or generic. The same language refers to the effects of causes; so that generic effects assigned to generic causes, particular effects to particular causes, and operating causes to actual effects. It is also essential that ontological causality does not suggest the temporal relation of before and after - between the cause and the effect; that spontaneity (in nature) and chance (in the sphere of moral actions) are among the causes of effects belonging to the efficient causation, and that no incidental, spontaneous, or chance cause can be prior to a proper, real, or underlying cause "per se".

paragraphs: All investigations of causality coming later in history will consist in imposing a favorite hierarchy on the order (priority) of causes; such as "final > efficient > material > formal" (Aquinas), or in restricting all causality to the material and efficient causes or, to the efficient causality (deterministic or chance), or just to regular sequences and correlations of natural phenomena (the natural sciences describing "how" things happen rather than asking "why" they happen).

paragraphs: David Hume was another philosopher who looked at the relation between cause and effect. Hume thinks that there are certain things all such relations of cause and effect have in common.:

paragraphs: Hume says that if someone is used to always seeing the same things occur in the same order, he will get accustumed to them being in that order. When he sees one event occur, he will expect the other to occur as well:

paragraphs: Logic is the science that looks at how to build an argument. In Logic, there are usually two different types of causes. They are called "necessary cause" and "sufficient cause".


title: Wildhaus

paragraphs: Wildhaus is a village and municipality near St. Gallen in the canton of St. Gallen in Switzerland. About 1,200 people live there. Huldrych Zwingli was born there in 1484. With "9658", Wildhaus has the highest zip code in Switzerland. On 1 January 2010 the former municipalities of Wildhaus and Alt St. Johann merged into the new municipality of Wildhaus-Alt St. Johann.


title: Muhammad Iqbal

paragraphs: Sir Muhammad Iqbal (November 9, 1877 – April 21, 1938), widely known as Allama Iqbal, was a Muslim poet and philosopher. Allama Iqbal gave the idea of Pakistan. He became the national poet of Pakistan. He is also known as the poet of East. He wrote poetry in Urdu and Persian. His poetry is considered to be revolutionary. His vision of an independent state for the Muslims of British India was a starting point for the creation of Pakistan. He is commonly referred to as Dr Allama Iqbal.

paragraphs: Muhammad Iqbal was born on 9 November 1877. His father was Sheikh Noor Muhammad, who worked in a small government job but later started his own business, and his mother was Imam Bibi. Both Allama Iqbal's mother and father were very pious and religious-minded people and devoted to a simple life. After early Islamic education and then secondary at a small school in Sialkot, Iqbal was admitted to the Scottish Murray College, Sialkot, where he topped the higher secondary examinations and got a scholarship to study at the famous Government College, Lahore, for BA. On going to live in the hostel there, Iqbal met Professor Arnold, an English teacher who taught many things to Iqbal and guided him in his studies of philosophy and literature.He was very young at that time.

paragraphs: At that time, Iqbal also became well known as a new poet and writer. He used to go to attend the 'Mushaira' at the haveli of Hakim Syed Aminuddin, in BhaatiGate area of Old Lahore city—hekre, he met many famous poets and writers and also began to write good poems which became very popular. He was guided by Mirza Dagh, Mirza Gurgani, Hakim Amin uddin, Hakim Shuja uddin and Sir Abdul Qadir. His first famous poem, "Koh i Himala" was also printed in Makhzan magazine, owned by Hakim Shuja uddin and Sir Abdul Qadir

paragraphs: After doing his BA and MA from Government College, Lahore, Iqbal was appointed a professor at this same institution and after some time, in 1905, he was selected for higher studies in England and Europe. He went and studied in Cambridge University and then also law at University of London, and then he went to Munich, Germany, where he took a PHD degree. After all his study, Iqbal decided to go back and teach and also practice law in India.

paragraphs: At that time he faced many difficulties.Although faced by some of the difficulties, Iqbal followed this plan. He taught some senior classes at Government College and also practiced Law at Lahore High Court. At the same time, he wrote many famous poems such as "Asrar i Khudi", "Ramuz i Bekhudi", "Payam i Mashriq", "Zabur i Ajam", "Bang i Dara", "Bal i Jibrail", "Zarb i Kalim" and etc. Because of his learning and knowledge, people soon began to call him 'Allama' Iqbal and in 1922, King George V of Britain, made him a knight, giving him the title of Allama 'Sir' Muhammad Iqbal. He was awarded 5 awards.

paragraphs: Allama Iqbal was a poet and a philosopher, he was always concerned about the thoughts, ideas and condition of Muslims everywhere, but specially Indian Muslims who were under British Rule and also threatened by Hindu majority population. Iqbal believed strongly in Sir Syed Ahmed Khan's earlier idea about 'Two Nation theory' that Muslims and Hindus were two separate nations and should be allowed to live separately. He put forward this idea again in his famous Allahabad Address of Muslim League, in 1930, and also preached this in his poems and lectures. Allama's words and ideas inspired many Muslims, some of whom became leaders of the Muslim League, and struggled to obtain Pakistan later on. He was very popular amongst the Muslim masses too.

paragraphs: He died on 21 April 1938 in Lahore, Punjab, British India.


title: 1984–85 NHL season

paragraphs: The 1984–85 NHL season was the 68th season of the National Hockey League. Twenty-one teams each played 80 games. The Edmonton Oilers won their second straight Stanley Cup by beating the Philadelphia Flyers four games to one in the final series.

paragraphs: This was the first year since they began broadcasting that CBC was not the lone network broadcaster in Canada. While Molson continued to present Hockey Night in Canada on Saturday nights, rival brewery Carling O'Keefe began airing Friday night games on CTV. The two networks split the playoffs and finals.

paragraphs: "Note: W = Wins, L = Losses, T = Ties, GF= Goals For, GA = Goals Against, Pts = Points, PIM = Penalties in minutes. Teams qualifying for the playoffs shown in bold."

paragraphs: "Note: GP = Games played; G = Goals; A = Assists; Pts = Points"

paragraphs: "Note: GP = Games played; W = Won; L = Lost; T = Tied; GA = Goals allowed; GAA = Goals against average; SO = Shutouts"

paragraphs: The defending champion Edmonton Oilers returned to the Final, meeting the overall regular season champion Philadelphia Flyers. In the Final, Edmonton would lose the first game to the Flyers but would then take the next four to win their second consecutive Stanley Cup.

paragraphs: The following is a list of players of note who played their first NHL game in 1984–85 (listed with their first team, asterisk(*) marks debut in playoffs):

paragraphs: The following is a list of players of note that played their last game in the NHL in 1984–85 (listed with their last team):

paragraphs: "Note: Goring and Park were the last two players to have played in the NHL in the 1960s."


title: Grant Fuhr

paragraphs: Grant S. Fuhr (born September 28, 1962), is a Canadian retired professional ice hockey goaltender. He played in the National Hockey League. In 2003, he was added into the Hockey Hall of Fame. Born of biracial parents, Fuhr was adopted as a baby and raised in Spruce Grove, Alberta.


title: Ron Hextall

paragraphs: Ron Hextall (born May 3, 1964 in Brandon, Manitoba) is a Canadian retired professional ice hockey goaltender most often associated with the Philadelphia Flyers of the National Hockey League. He is the grandson of Hall-of-Famer Bryan Hextall, the son of former NHL player Bryan Hextall Jr. and nephew of former NHL player Dennis Hextall.


title: Brandon Wheat Kings

paragraphs: The Brandon Wheat Kings are a Canadian junior ice hockey team based in Brandon, Manitoba. They compete in the Western Hockey League, and joined the league in the 1967–68 season. Prior to that they played in the Manitoba Junior Hockey League and were known as the Brandon Elks for a short time in the 1940s. They won 8 Turnbull Cup Championships as Manitoba Junior Champions, 1939, 1947, 1949, 1950, 1960, 1962, 1963, & 1964 and appeared in the Memorial Cup five times: in 1949 (as an MJHL team), 1979, 1995, 1996 and 2010, losing each time. The team plays its home games in Westman Communications Group Place (Keystone Centre). They also played at Wheat City Arena until 1969, and the Manex Arena from 1969 to 1972. Starting in 1973, the Wheat Kings owned and operated a farm team in the MJHL, called the Travellers.

paragraphs: An earlier incarnation of the Wheat Kings played for the Stanley Cup in 1904, but lost to the Ottawa Senators.

paragraphs: The 1949 Brandon Wheat Kings won the Abbott Cup defeating the Calgary Buffaloes. They went on to lose the Memorial Cup to the Montreal Royals. The 1949 Brandon Wheat Kings were inducted into the Manitoba Hockey Hall of Fame in the team category.

paragraphs: The Wheat Kings hold the CHL record for most points (125) in a single season, setting the mark in 1978–79.

paragraphs: The Western Hockey League announced on October 16, 2008, that the Wheat Kings were chosen to host the 2010 Memorial Cup championship at the Keystone Centre. They reached the final game, losing to the Windsor Spitfires.

paragraphs: "Note: GP = Games played, W = Wins, L = Losses, T = Ties, OTL = Overtime losses, Pts = Points, GF = Goals for, GA = Goals against"


title: William Riker

paragraphs: William Thomas Riker is a character. He is played by Jonathan Frakes. He is first officer on the starship Enterprise. This means that he is second in command of the starship and can give orders if the Captain is away.

paragraphs: Riker soon becomes very comfortable on the Enterprise, many times refusing offers of his own command. On part 1-2 on the episode "The Best of Both Worlds" Riker takes command on the Enterprise and orders Jean-Luc Picard rescued.


title: Hall church

paragraphs: A hall church is a type of church building. The term "hall church" is about the architecture of the building. Most very large churches and cathedrals are built with a long part where people sit, called the "nave". On each side of the nave is a lower "aisle". Between the nave and the aisles are rows of columns. Above the columns are windows which let light into the nave. In a hall church, there are no windows above the columns. The nave and the aisles are about the same height.

paragraphs: Famous cathedrals which are hall churches are Milan Cathedral in Italy, St. Stephen's Cathedral, Vienna and Bristol Cathedral in England.

paragraphs: The term was first used in the mid-19th century by the German art historian Wilhelm Lübke.


title: Saint Thomas Church (Strasbourg)

paragraphs: Saint Thomas Church in Strasbourg is a Protestant church today. It is very important for Strasbourg, from a cultural and historic perspective. Strasbourg Cathedral had to be given to the Catholics when the French occupied Strasbourg in 1681. Since then, this church is the main Protestant church in the region.

paragraphs: The veneration of St. Thomas at this particular spot was already present in the 6th century. A church and a school were built there in the 9th century. They burned down because lightning struck them in 1007 and again in 1144. A very large church built like a fortress to resist fires better was started in the year of 1196. Building works were interrupted several times, until they finished with building side-chapels in Gothic style. In 1524 the church became Lutheran. Today, it is in charge of several schools. There is also a seminary (A special school for priests) in the baroque building next to it.

paragraphs: There are 5 naves in the church. It is the oldest such church in southwest Germany, and the only "hall church" in Alsace. The church is also known for its organs. One of them was built by Johann Andreas Silbermann in 1741. The family Silbermann (father and sons) were the most important German organ-builders of the 18th century. Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart played on this organ several times during the three weeks he spent in Strasbourg in 1778 and wrote in a letter to his father Leopold Mozart about it. The other organ (built for the choir) was designed by Albert Schweitzer and built in 1906.

paragraphs: There is a gothic fresco of Saint Michael in the church. This is the largest of its kind in France after that of St. Christopher in Wissembourg, which is ten meters high.

paragraphs: There are also many notable tombs and tombstones in the church, the oldest is a romanesque masterwork from the 11th century, and the largest a baroque monument to field-marchal Maurice of Saxony that fills up the entire rear wall of the choir. Maurice could not be buried in Paris because he was Protestant, and since he was German by birth, Strasbourg was a fitting place.

paragraphs: The Saint Thomas church also houses medieval stained glass in its windows, although Protestants destroyed parts of it in the early years of the Reformation.


title: Aircraft hijacking

paragraphs: Aircraft hijacking (also known as skyjacking and aircraft piracy) is the takeover of an aircraft, by a person or group, usually armed. In most cases the pilot is forced to fly according to the orders of the hijackers. Sometimes, the hijackers fly the planes themselves, as believed to have occurred in the September 11, 2001 attacks. In one case the official pilot hijacked the plane, when he diverted his internal Air China flight to Taiwan.


title: Logan International Airport

paragraphs: General Edward Lawrence Logan International Airport in the East Boston neighborhood of Boston, Massachusetts, United States (and partly in the Town of Winthrop, Massachusetts), is one of the 20 busiest airports in the U.S., with over 27 million passengers a year. The airport serves as a focus city for American Airlines, Delta Air Lines, US Airways, and JetBlue Airways.

paragraphs: It covers 2,400 acres (10 km²), has six runways, and employs an estimated 16,000 people. The airport has service to destinations in the United States, as well as Canada, the Cape Verde Islands, the Caribbean, Europe, and Mexico. The distinctive central control tower, nearly a dozen stories high, is a local landmark with its pair of segmented elliptical pylons and a six-story platform trussed between them.

paragraphs: Boston serves as a focus city for JetBlue Airways. Delta Air Lines and US Airways also carries out many operations from the airport, and all major airlines fly to Boston from all or the majority of their primary and secondary hubs. It is also a destination of many major European airlines, such as Lufthansa, British Airways, Norwegian Air Shuttle and Air France. The airport is a hub for regional airline Cape Air. The airport has service to destinations in the United States, as well as Africa, Canada, the Caribbean, Europe, Mexico, and South America. Japan Airlines plans to inaugurate service to Tokyo in 2012, which would add the first service to Asia since 2001. As of July 2013, the service continues to operate with great success.

paragraphs: In 2010, it was the world's 28th busiest airport in terms of aircraft movements. The airport is also the 12th busiest airport in the U.S. based on international traffic. In 2010, it handled 3,681,739 international passengers. Logan Airport stimulates the New England regional economy by over $7 billion each year. It generates $559.4 million in state and local taxes.


title: NHL Entry Draft

paragraphs: The NHL Entry Draft is an event in which the teams of the National Hockey League (NHL) systematically select the rights to available amateur players who meet the requirements to play professional hockey in the NHL.

paragraphs: Draft order in the Entry Draft is determined by a combination of lottery, regular season standing, and playoff results. In all cases, the team considered is the original holder of the draft pick, not a team which may have acquired the pick via a trade or other means.

paragraphs: In the 1974 entry draft, Buffalo Sabres General Manager Punch Imlach deliberately selected an imaginary Japanese center, Taro Tsujimoto, supposedly of the Tokyo Katanas of the Japanese Ice Hockey League, in the 11th round (183rd overall). Only after weeks had passed did the league discover that Tsujimoto did not in fact exist. Imlach later revealed that he had played the prank because of his frustration with the excessive tedium and length of that year's draft proceedings. Today, the league officially records the 183rd selection of the 1974 entry draft as an "invalid claim".

paragraphs: Likewise, the Florida Panthers attempted to draft Russian hockey phenomenon Alexander Ovechkin in 2003, even though his birthday was two days after the cut-off. The Panther's GM claimed that, with the addition of extra days falling on Leap Year, Ovechkin was actually eligible to be drafted.

paragraphs: Below is a chart showing where players have been drafted from by year. The leagues represented are the Ontario Hockey League, Western Hockey League, Quebec Major Junior Hockey League, United States Colleges, United States High Schools, International players. Those player listed under Other do not fit any of the other listed categories. International players who were playing for teams in North American leagues are listed in the chart as being drafted from their respective league rather than being listed as international.

paragraphs: This is a ranking of the minor teams who have provided the most players to the NHL as of the 2007 NHL Entry Draft.

paragraphs: Note: Totals for Canadian Hockey League teams include all teams from that city, regardless of franchise moves except for Toronto, Quebec City, Montreal, Calgary and Vancouver.


title: Los Angeles International Airport

paragraphs: Los Angeles International Airport is the airport which serves Los Angeles, California, United States. It is often called LAX, its airport code. The letters usually said by themselves. LAX is in southwestern Los Angeles in the neighborhood of Westchester, from the downtown core.

paragraphs: With 61,895,548 passengers in 2007, LAX was the fifth busiest airport in the world and is served by direct flights to North America, Latin America, Europe, Asia, Oceania, and the Middle East. The airport is a small hub for American Airlines and United Airlines and a focus city for Alaska Airlines, Delta Air Lines, and Southwest Airlines.


title: Cockpit

paragraphs: A cockpit is the open space, normally near the front of an aircraft, where a pilot controls the aircraft. A different name for the cockpit is the flight deck, flight deck can also refer to the flight deck on an aircraft carrier. Current cockpits have walls on all sides, this may not be the same for some small aircraft, and cockpits on aircraft with passengers have the cockpit separated from the passenger area of the aircraft. Motorboats also have cockpits.

paragraphs: Cockpit as a term for the pilot's space in an aircraft first appeared in 1914. From about 1935 cockpit also came to be used informally to refer to the driver's seat of a car, especially a high performance one, and this is official terminology in Formula One. The term is most likely related to the sailing term for the coxswain's station in a Royal Navy ship, and later the location of the ship's rudder controls.


title: First officer

paragraphs: In commercial aviation, the first officer is the second pilot (sometimes referred to as the "co-pilot") of an aircraft. The first officer is second-in-command of the aircraft, to the Captain who is the legal commander. In the event of incapacitation of the captain, the first officer will assume command of the aircraft.

paragraphs: Control of the aircraft is normally shared equally between the first officer and the captain, with one pilot normally designated the "Pilot Flying" (PF) and the other the "Pilot Not Flying" (PNF) for each flight. Even when the first officer is the flying pilot, however, the captain remains ultimately responsible for the aircraft, its passengers, and the crew. In typical day-to-day operations, the essential job tasks remain fairly equal.

paragraphs: The pilot is seated in the left seat of the cockpit, and the co-pilot is positioned in the right seat.

paragraphs: Generally one of the two will fly the airplane, while the other navigates and is in charge of radio communication.


title: Flight attendant

paragraphs: In aviation, flight attendants — also known as cabin crew, stewards, air hosts/hostesses, or stewardesses, — are members of a cabin crew employed by airlines. They make sure that the passengers on commercial flights (or, sometimes, business jets) are safe and comfortable during the flight.


title: Western Conference (NHL)

paragraphs: The Western Conference () is one of two conferences in the National Hockey League (NHL) used to divide teams. Its counterpart is the Eastern Conference.


title: Mohamed Atta

paragraphs: Mohamed Atta ( (September 1, 1968 – September 11, 2001 was a known associate of al-Qaeda and the leader of the nineteen hijackers who carried out the September 11, 2001 attacks. He personally participated in the hijacking of American Airlines Flight 11, the first plane to crash into the World Trade Center during the September 11, 2001 attacks. He was said to be 'the best candidate for the job'


title: Abdulaziz al-Omari

paragraphs: Abdulaziz al-Omari (, also transliterated Abdul Aziz Alomari May 28, 1979 – September 11, 2001) was named by the FBI as one of the hijackers of the first plane which was crashed into the World Trade Center in the September 11, 2001 attacks.


title: Waleed al-Shehri

paragraphs: Waleed M. al-Shehri (Arabic: الشهري, also transliterated Alshehri December 20, 1978 – September 11, 2001) was named by the FBI as a hijacker of American Airlines Flight 11 from Boston to Los Angeles that crashed into the World Trade Center as part of the September 11, 2001 attacks. His brother, Wail al-Shehri, is also a suspected 9/11 hijacker. The following birthdates have been associated with al-Shehri: September 13, 1974; November 5, 1975; January 1, 1976; March 3, 1976; July 8, 1977; December 20, 1978; and May 11, 1979.


title: Wail al-Shehri

paragraphs: Wail al-Shehri (وائل الشهري, also transliterated Alshehri) was named by the FBI as one of the hijackers of American Airlines Flight 11 from Boston to Los Angeles that crashed into the World Trade Center as part of the September 11, 2001 attacks. His brother, Waleed al-Shehri, is also a suspected 9/11 hijacker.


title: Satam al-Suqami

paragraphs: Satam M. A. al-Suqami () (born June 28, 1976; died September 11, 2001), was one of five men named by the FBI as hijackers of American Airlines Flight 11 in the September 11, 2001 attacks.


title: First class (aviation)

paragraphs: First class, sometimes called A1, is a luxury travel class on some airliners that exceeds "Business Class", "Premium Economy Class" and "Economy Class". On a passenger jetliner first class refers to a limited number (rarely more than 16) of seats or cabins located in the front of the aircraft which are notable for their comfort, service and privacy. Propeller airliners occasionally have first class in the rear.


title: History of Pakistan

paragraphs: Pakistanis are a blend of their Harappan, Aryan, Persian,Hindu, Greek, Saka, Parthian, Kushan, White Hun, Arab, Turkic, Afghan, and Mughal heritage. Waves of invaders and migrants settled down in Pakistan throughout the centuries, influencing the locals and being absorbed among them.The founder of Pakistan is Quaid-e-Azam.

paragraphs: During the period 6000 BC and 2000 BC, late Neolithic culture and the start of the Bronze Age was taking shape in the Indus Valley of Ancient India.

paragraphs: About 7000 years before, by 5100 BC, early Neolithic culture had developed in ancient Pakistan. People had learned farming. They tended goats, lived in houses build of mud, and had learned to make baskets. Potteries were also made.

paragraphs: Around the 5th century BC, north-western parts of India faced invasion by the Achaemenid Empire and the Greeks of Alexander's army. Persian way of thinking, administration and lifestyle came to India. This influence became bigger during the Mauryan dynasty.

paragraphs: From around 520 BC, Achaemenid Empire’s Darius I ruled large part of northwestern parts of the Indian subcontinent.

paragraphs: Then Alexander conquered these areas. Herodotus, a historian of that time has written that these areas were the richest areas of Alexander’s Empire. Achaemenid rule lasted about 186 years. In modern times, there are still traces of this Greek heritage to be found in parts of northwestern India.

paragraphs: Greco-Buddhism (also spelt as Græco-Buddhism) is a combination of culture of Greece and Buddhism. This mixture of cultures continued to develop for 800 long years, from 4th century BC until the 5th century AD. The area where it happened is modern day’s Afghanistan and Pakistan. This mixture of cultures influenced Mahayana Buddhism and spread of Buddhism to China, Korea, Japan and Tibet.

paragraphs: 16th July 622 Hijri calendar is considered to be started as Muhammad migrated to Madina.

paragraphs: 16 March 1527 Kanwaha battle took place between forces of Babur and Rana Songa of Mewar, a Rajput prince. Babur forces defeated Rajput in this decisive battle.

paragraphs: 26 June 1564 Sheikh Ahmad was born who joined Naqshbandya Silsilah under the decipline of Khawaja Baqi Billah. He gave the philosophy of Wahdat-ul Wujud and Wahdat-ush Shuhud in his dedication to Islam.

paragraphs: 21 February 1703 Shah Wali Ullah son of Shah Abdul Rehman born

paragraphs: The Indus Valley Civilization flourished from about 2600 BCE to 1900 BCE. It marked the beginning of the urban civilization on the subcontinent. It was centred on the Indus River and its tributaries, which is in present-day Pakistan. It is thought that a gradual deforestation caused by geological disturbances and climate change caused the fall of the civilization.

paragraphs: The civilization is famous for its cities that were built of brick, had a road-side drainage system and multi-storied houses.


title: Business class

paragraphs: Business class (also known as executive class or upper class) is a high quality second-tier travel class available on some commercial airlines and rail lines. Its level of accommodation is higher than economy class and domestic first class but lower than international first class. However, many airlines offer only business class as the highest level of international service.


title: Runway

paragraphs: A runway (also abbreviated to RWY) is a strip of land on an airport, on which aircraft can take off and land. Runways may be a man-made surface (often asphalt, concrete, or a mixture of both) or a natural surface (grass, dirt, or gravel).


title: Air traffic control

paragraphs: Air traffic control (ATC) is a service provided by ground-based controllers who direct aircraft on the ground and in the air. The main job of ATC is to "separate" aircraft to prevent crashes and to make sure aircraft are running on time and as fast as possible. In some countries, ATC may also play a security or defense role (as in the United States), or actually be run entirely by the military (as in Brazil). Air traffic control was first introduced at London's Croydon Airport in 1921. Archie League, who controlled aircraft using colored flags at what is today Lambert-St. Louis International Airport, is often considered the first air traffic controller.

paragraphs: Preventing crashes is done by what is called "separation". This means that the aircraft are kept apart by a minimum distance at all times. Modern aircraft also have collision avoidance systems that see nearby aircraft and warn pilots if other planes are too close. This system is a backup for when air traffic control is not available or if something goes wrong with ATC. Air traffic controllers also can provide information to pilots. But pilots do not have to follow commands of ATC. They can make changes in order to keep plane safe.

paragraphs: Air traffic control service is not provided in uncontrolled airspace. Uncontrolled airspace is usually between ground and 1000 feet except areas near airports. These areas are part of controlled airspace.


title: Federal Aviation Administration

paragraphs: The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) is an agency of the United States Department of Transportation with authority to regulate and oversee all aspects of civil aviation in the U.S. The Federal Aviation Act of 1958 created the group under the name "Federal Aviation Agency", and adopted its current name in 1967 when it became a part of the United States Department of Transportation. The FAA is the single most influential governmentally-run aviation agency in the world, with the European Aviation Safety Agency in a close second.


paragraphs: North American Aerospace Defense Command (NORAD) is a joint organization of Canada and the United States that provides aerospace warning and defense for North America. It was founded on May 12, 1958, as the North American Air Defense Command. Its main technical facility has been the Cheyenne Mountain Operations Center in Colorado, and for this reason NORAD is sometimes unofficially referred to as Cheyenne Mountain.


title: Lower Manhattan

paragraphs: Lower Manhattan (or downtown Manhattan) is the southernmost part of the island of Manhattan, the main island and center of business and government of the City of New York. Lower Manhattan or "downtown" is defined most commonly as the area delineated on the north by 14th Street, on the west by the Hudson River, on the east by the East River, and on the south by New York Harbor (also known as Upper New York Bay).

paragraphs: When referring specifically to the lower Manhattan business district such as Wall Street and its immediate environs, the northern border is commonly designated by thoroughfares approximately a mile-and-a-half (3 km) south of 14th Street and a mile (2 km) north of the island's southern tip: Chambers Street from near the Hudson east to the Brooklyn Bridge entrances and overpass. Two other major arteries are also sometimes identified as lower Manhattan's northern border: Canal Street, half a mile north of Chambers Street, and 23rd Street, half a mile north of 14th Street.


title: Jules and Gedeon Naudet

paragraphs: Jules Clément Naudet (born Paris, France, April 26, 1973) and Thomas Gédéon Naudet (born Paris, France, March 27, 1970) are French directors, screenwriters and producers. The brothers, residents of the United States since 1989, were in New York City at the time of the September 11 attacks. Jules captured footage of the first plane flying into the North tower of the World Trade Center. Jules is married to Jacqueline Longa, with two children.

paragraphs: The brothers graduated from Tisch School of the Arts in 1995. Their first film, "Hope, Gloves and Redemption," (2000) on boxers in the Bronx, included coverage of the 1998 New York Daily News Golden Gloves tournament.


title: Flight recorder

paragraphs: A flight recorder is a recorder placed in an aircraft to help with investigating an aircraft accident or incident. For this reason, they have to be capable of surviving extremely rough treatment. They are usually built to withstand an impact of 3600 "g" and temperatures of over 1,000 °C (as required by EUROCAE ED-112), because a powerful impact followed by a very hot fire is what often happens in a plane crash.

paragraphs: There are two types of protected Flight Recorder, Flight data recorder (FDR) and Cockpit voice recorder (CVR). In some cases, the two recorders may be combined in a single FDR/CVR unit. The first combined flight recorder was invented by Australian scientist, David Warren.

paragraphs: These recorders are often called "black boxes". They can be used in other vehicles including trains and cars. The car's recorder can monitor the speed of the car or the sharpness of turns. The train's recorder can be used to upgrade after a crash to reduce the chance of another crash.


title: Flight number

paragraphs: A flight number, when combined with the name of the airline and the date, identifies a particular flight. This callsign should not be confused with the tail number of the aircraft, although both can be used as a call-sign as used in general aviation. A particular aircraft may fly several different flights in one day, and different aircraft may be used for the same flight number on successive days.


title: Boeing 757

paragraphs: The Boeing 757 is a short to medium range narrow-body commercial passenger aircraft manufactured by Boeing Commercial Airplanes. It was launched by Eastern Air Lines and British Airways to replace the Boeing 727 and entered service in 1983. Production of the 757 ended on October 28, 2004 after 1,050 had been built. The final aircraft was delivered to Shanghai Airlines on November 28, 2005. As of July 2007, a total of 1,019 Boeing 757 aircraft were in airline service.


title: DGamer

paragraphs: DGamer (Disney Gamer) is an online service made by Disney for use with Nintendo DS games. DGamer can be seen via the Nintendo Wi-Fi Connection or computer via Disney.com. The service is implemented by Disney Interactive.

paragraphs: It was started in North America on May 15, 2008, at the same time as the release of the DS-version of "The Chronicles of Narnia: Prince Caspian". All future Disney Interactive Studios games will include DGamer features.


title: Eastern Conference (NHL)

paragraphs: The Eastern Conference () is one of two conferences in the National Hockey League (NHL) used to divide teams. Its counterpart is the Western Conference.


title: Undrafted sportsperson

paragraphs: An undrafted sportsperson or undrafted free agent is a type of sportsperson who plays, or tries to play, in a professional sports league. Every eligible player who is not chosen in their league's draft is an undrafted sportsperson.


title: John Vanbiesbrouck

paragraphs: John Vanbiesbrouck (born September 4, 1963 in Detroit, Michigan) is a American retired professional ice hockey goaltender, who was inducted into the United States Hockey Hall of Fame in 2007. He's played for the New York Rangers, Florida Panthers, Philadelphia Flyers, New York Islanders, and New Jersey Devils.


title: Pelle Lindbergh

paragraphs: Per-Erik "Pelle" Lindbergh (, May 24, 1959 – November 11, 1985) was a Swedish professional ice hockey goaltender who played parts of five seasons in the NHL for the Philadelphia Flyers.

paragraphs: The Philadelphia Flyers named an award, the Pelle Lindbergh Memorial, in his honor. Since 1993–94, it has been annually awarded to the most improved player on the team.

paragraphs: 1980 - Played for Sweden in the XIII Olympic Winter Games


title: Wernher von Braun

paragraphs: Wernher Magnus Maximilian Freiherr von Braun (23 March 1912–16 June 1977) was a German engineer and scientist. He worked as a rocket designer between the 1930s and 1970s. Some people say he was the most important rocket engineer of the 20th century. He worked for the Nazis during World War II. After World War II, he went to the United States. There, he worked for NASA. In 1955, ten years after entering the country, von Braun became a US citizen.

paragraphs: He was one of the developers of the V-2 rocket, the first rocket to fly up to outer space. He also developed the Saturn V rocket, which took people to the moon in 1969.

paragraphs: Von Braun was born in Wirsitz (today: "Wyrzysk") in Poland on 23 March 1912. His father was the General director of an important bank. During the Weimar Republic, his father was the minister for food and agriculture, Magnus Freiherr von Braun. Von Braun's mother was Emmy von Quistorp, the daughter of a member of the Prussian House of Lords.

paragraphs: In 1920, he moved to Berlin. During the first school years, von Braun attended a French secondary school in Berlin. At the age of 13, he got a telescope. This gift raised his interest in astronomy. Because of bad marks, von Braun had to attend a boarding school near Weimar, in 1925. He bought with his extra money the book "Die Rakete zu den Planetenräumen" ("English: The Rocket into Interplanetary Space") by Hermann Oberth, which is the basis of the modern rocket research. In 1928, he attended the boarding school called Hermann-Lietz-Internat on the German island Spiekeroog. In 1930, he passed his final exams.

paragraphs: He started studying at the Technical University of Berlin in summer of 1930. Von Braun also studied at ETH Zurich, in 1931. At the end of September 1931, he went back to Berlin.

paragraphs: In 1933 von Braun began working on rockets for the German Army. On 27 July 1934, he received a Ph.D. from the Technical University of Berlin. "Max" and "Moritz", two rockets developed by him, went as high as in December 1934. The tests were made in a small village in Kummersdorf, Germany. In 1936, von Braun and his team developed the next generation of rockets, the A-3. The test area in Kummersdorf was too small for this newly-developed rocket. Together with his team of about 90 people, he had to move to a bigger test area in Peenemünde.

paragraphs: In 1937, with the Nazis in power, he joined the S.S.. Von Braun worked in Peenemünde between 1937 and 1945. There, he started to develop a new rocket called A4 (Aggregat 4). After some tests, the rocket was renamed to V-2. The "V" is for the German word ""Vergeltung"", which means revenge. This was the first long range ballistic missile to be used in war. It was able to carry a one ton warhead up to 50 miles into the air, and travel hundreds of miles to a target. In 1943, Germany started a mass production of this rocket using thousands of concentration camp prisoners as factory workers. They fired thousands of these rockets at targets in Antwerp and Great Britain, especially London. More than 1700 V-2 rockets landed on Antwerp, killing more than 3,700 people. Von Braun and his team started to develop the new generations of these rockets, the V-9 and V-10, which were for targets in the US.

paragraphs: Von Braun and about 100 other scientists were brought to America in 1945 after they surrendered. They began to work for the United States Army at Fort Bliss, Texas, where they instructed American soldiers in launching captured V-2s. He became an American citizen in 1955. During the 1950s, von Braun tried to get support for an American space program. When the Soviet Union launched Sputnik, the United States finally started a space program. At first, the Navy was in charge, but their first Vanguard satellite was destroyed when the rocket blew up on the launch pad in December 1957. The satellite program was given to the army, and the more experienced von Braun was able to start work with the rest of his team. The Redstone rocket put a satellite into orbit on January 31, 1958.

paragraphs: In 1950 Von Braun started work at the Army's new Redstone Arsenal in Huntsville, Alabama, which later became NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center. There, he and his team developed the Redstone missile, similar to the V-2. In 1959, Von Braun and other Germans were transferred to NASA along with all Army space activities. His final and most successful rocket was the Saturn V, which carried astronauts to the moon. However, after the Apollo 11 Moon landing in 1969, public support for the space program declined. In 1972, von Braun retired from NASA and went to work with Fairchild Industries, in Maryland.

paragraphs: In 1972, von Braun left NASA. He started to work in the private sector. He retired from work in January 1977 because he was sick. That year, he died at age 65 of colon cancer.

paragraphs: Von Braun's work was able to give humankind a wider view into the universe. His rockets continued to be made mostly as missiles. More of them were actually used for satellite launches, moon landings, and deep space exploration.


title: Pete Peeters

paragraphs: Peter H. Peeters (born 1 August, 1957 in Edmonton, Alberta) is a Canadian retired professional ice hockey goaltender who was one of the NHL's most colourful characters in the 1980s.

paragraphs: Peeters was drafted 135th overall by the Philadelphia Flyers in the 1977 NHL Amateur Draft after playing for the Medicine Hat Tigers of the WCHL. Peeters played in 489 career NHL games, with a record of 246 wins, 155 losses and 51 ties. He also registered 21 shutouts and a 3.08 Goals Against Average. Peeters also played several years for the Washington Capitals.


paragraphs: The National Football League Most Valuable Player Award is an award by different entities, most notably the Associated Press, to the player who is thought to be the most valuable player in the league.

paragraphs: The NFL awarded the Joe F. Carr Trophy (named for the league president, 1921-39) to the league's MVP from 1938 to 1946.

paragraphs: United Press International gave an NFL MVP Award from 1948 through 1969, excepting 1949-50, and 1952. Beginning in 1970 UPI awarded separate awards for the NFC and AFC. In 1975 UPI added a Defensive Player of the Year Award for both the NFC and AFC.

paragraphs: This award ran from 1955 through 1996 and was a poll of NFL players. The award winner is given with the Jim Thorpe Trophy (different from the collegiate football's Jim Thorpe Award). Beginning in 1997 the Jim Thorpe Trophy was given by the Jim Thorpe Association, with the winner determined by a "vote of NFLPA representatives".


title: Trent Green

paragraphs: Trent Jason Green (born July 9, 1970 in Cedar Rapids, Iowa) is a retired American football quarterback that played for the San Diego Chargers, Washington Redskins, St. Louis Rams, Kansas City Chiefs and Miami Dolphins of the National Football League. He was first drafted by the San Diego Chargers in the eighth round of the 1993 NFL Draft. He played college football at Indiana.

paragraphs: Green has also played for has also played for the British Columbia Lions, Washington Redskins, Kansas City Chiefs and Miami Dolphins. He earned a Super Bowl ring during his first stint with the Rams and was selected to two Pro Bowls with the Chiefs. He retired on June 12, 2009 and is currently serving as a color analyst on the regional NFL games for the Fox network and also as a studio analyst for the NFL Total Access show on the NFL Network.


title: Toy Story 3

paragraphs: Toy Story 3 is a 2010 American 3-D computer-animated movie. It was released by Pixar Animation Studios on June 18, 2010. It is a sequel to "Toy Story" and "Toy Story 2".

paragraphs: A 17-year old Andy (John Morris) is packing for college and his toys, who have not been played with in a long time, feel forgotten and abandoned. Andy decides to take Woody (Tom Hanks) with him to college and intends to store the other toys in the attic. A misunderstanding with Andy's slightly aged mother (Laurie Metcalf) results in the other toys being thrown away, making them think they are no longer wanted; they escape and decide to climb in a box to be donated to a daycare center called Sunnyside, along with Woody.

paragraphs: Andy's toys are welcomed by the numerous toys at Sunnyside, and given a tour of the seemingly perfect play-setting by Lots-o'-Huggin' Bear (Ned Beatty) (A.K.A. "Lotso"), Lotso's chief enforcer Big Baby (Woody Smith), and the smooth-talking Ken (Michael Keaton), the latter of whom Barbie (Jodi Benson) falls in love with. All of the toys are quickly enamored with their new home, leaving Woody to try to return to Andy on his own. However, Woody is picked up outside the school by a little girl named Bonnie Anderson (Emily Hahn). She takes him home and plays with him along with her other toys, who are well treated, happy, and readily welcome Woody. Woody is elated until he hears about Lotso from Chuckles the Clown (Bud Luckey). Lotso, along with Big Baby and Chuckles, were once accidentally lost by their original owner, Daisy. The three found their way back to their owner's home, but Lotso saw that he had been replaced. Even though Chuckles realized the truth, an embittered Lotso convinced Big Baby that they were abandoned, and used Big Baby's size to help him take control of the toys at Sunnyside in the fashion of organized crime. Worried for his friends, Woody hurries back to the daycare and finds that they have been put on task to be played with the rambunctious, toy-abusing youngest toddlers. They are also kept under guard at night by Buzz (Tim Allen) whom Lotso has reverted to a demonstration state to destroy his memories, restoring his original "Space Ranger" persona and allying with him.

paragraphs: Woody rejoins his friends and they work out an escape plan involving the garbage dumpster. In the process, Buzz is accidentally reset into a Spanish-speaking mode during an attempt to restore him to normal. The toys reach the dumpster, but are headed off by Lotso and his evil henchmen. As a garbage truck approaches, Woody explains to Big Baby that Lotso has lied to him and that his owner still loved him, whereupon Big Baby, Ken and the other Sunnyside toys turn on Lotso and push him into the dumpster. However, Lotso manages to pull Woody in with him just as the garbage truck collects the dumpster. Woody's friends board the truck to rescue him, during which Buzz is hit by a falling television while saving Jessie (Joan Cusack), finally returning to his old self. The toys find themselves at the local landfill and are soon pulled onto a conveyor belt leading to an incinerator. They help Lotso to reach an emergency stop button, but instead he escapes and leaves them to be burned. Believing they are at their final moments, the toys join hands, but they are rescued just in time by the squeeze toy aliens (Jeff Pidgeon) using a giant crane. The toys return to Andy's home, while Lotso is found by a garbage truck driver and is tied to its front grille as a decoration.

paragraphs: At Andy's house, Woody climbs back into the box with Andy's college supplies while the other toys resign themselves to the attic. Woody has a last minute inspiration, and leaves a note to Andy on the toys' box. Andy, mistaking it for a note from his mom, takes the box to Bonnie's home, introduces his old toys to Bonnie and gives her the toys to play with. In the end, Bonnie recognizes Woody, laying at the bottom of the box, to Andy's surprise. Andy is initially reluctant to give him to her, but eventually does so and then spends some time playing with her before he departs. Woody watches Andy's car while it disappears into the distance, and quietly says a last "So long, partner." Woody and the other toys find themselves wanted and played with again, and learn through notes passed in Bonnie's backpack that Barbie, Ken, and Big Baby have turned around the life of all the toys at Sunnyside for the better.


title: Walt Disney Studios

paragraphs: The name Walt Disney Studios could mean:


title: Cars (movie)

paragraphs: Cars is a 2006 movie made by Pixar. In it, cars are living beings and there are no humans. The movie is about Lightning McQueen, a race car who is on his way to California where he is scheduled to race for the Piston Cup. He gets lost on the way and finds himself in Radiator Springs, a fictional town on Route 66. There, he makes new friends who help him get to his Piston Cup race.

paragraphs: A sequel "Cars 2" was released on June 24, 2011. A second sequel "Cars 3" was released on June 16, 2017. Both sequels were made by Pixar.

paragraphs: A spin-off movie "Planes" was released on August 9, 2013. Its sequel "" was released on July 18, 2014. The "Planes" movies were made by DisneyToon Studios and not by Pixar.

paragraphs: There has also been a spinoff television program on the "Disney Channel" called "".


title: A Bug's Life

paragraphs: A Bug's Life is a 1998 movie made by Pixar. It follows the conflict between ants and grasshoppers in the world of insects. It is a retelling of a fable by Aesop, "The Ant and the Grasshopper".

paragraphs: The was first considered in 1988, as a short movie to be based on Aesop's fable, but it was delayed by "Toy Story". Almost a year after its release, Disney made an agreement with Pixar to make movies together. John Lasseter, Andrew Stanton, Pete Doctor and Joe Ranft brought up the idea of the project, "A Bugs Life" in late 1994. The ideas for "Monsters, Inc.", "Finding Nemo" and "WALL-E" were also brought up and the three decided to have the grasshoppers demand food instead of begging for it, as it is in the fable. Akira Kurosawa's "Seven Samurai" helped influence the project. A basic story treatment was completed in 1995 and production began soon after. The movie had many technical challenges. One of the biggest technical triumphs was the simulation of crowds of ants. It would be impossible for an animator to animate every single ant in a crowd of thousands. So the technical supervisors came up with a computer program that would make every single ant in the crowd different in small ways; for example, different eye colour, skin colour, weight, or height. They would also build a several ants that could be animated. When randomly distributed through the crowds, these ants would appear to be blinking, talking or looking in different directions.


title: No Country for Old Men (movie)

paragraphs: No Country for Old Men is a 2007 movie made by the Coen Brothers. It won "Best Picture", "Best Director", and "Best Adapted Screenplay" at the 2007 Academy Awards.


paragraphs: This is a list of colleges and universities in the Council for Christian Colleges and Universities:


title: Oak Ridge Associated Universities

paragraphs: Oak Ridge Associated Universities (ORAU) is a group of colleges and universities which work with the Oak Ridge National Laboratory. ORAU manages the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE) for the United States Department of Energy. ORAU is made up of the following :


title: Indiana University Bloomington

paragraphs: Indiana University Bloomington is a public university in Bloomington, Indiana. It is the largest university in a group also called "Indiana University."


title: Afonso Pena International Airport

paragraphs: The Afonso Pena International Airport is a Brazilian airport. It is the most important airport in the southern region of the country. It is Curitiba's major airport. The airport is located 18km southeast from the downtown, in the city of São José dos Pinhais. The airport includes a small museum, a playcenter and a small shopping center with 60 stores inside the main terminal.


title: Universidade Federal do Paraná

paragraphs: The Universidade Federal do Paraná - UFPR ("Federal University of Paraná") is the oldest Brazilian university. It is located in the Southern Brazilian state of Paraná. The university was created on December 19, 1912. Its facilities are scattered over the capital Curitiba and other cities of the state.


title: Twelfth grade

paragraphs: Twelfth grade (called Grade 12 in some places, also known as senior year in the United States and Australia) is the last year of secondary education in the United States, as well as many other nations. Students are usually 17 when they start and are 18 years old at the end.


title: Depth chart

paragraphs: In sports, a depth chart is a chart used to show the lineup of the starting players and the secondary players. Most often a starting player will be listed first or on top, while a back-up player will be listed below.


title: Stepfamily

paragraphs: A stepfamily is a family that gets a parent through a new marriage, whether the parent was widowed or divorced, or had not married his child's other parent. For example, if a girl's mother dies and her father marries another woman, the woman is her stepmother.


title: Breeches

paragraphs: Breeches (pronounced ) is a type of clothing that males wear that covers the body from the waist down, with different coverings for each leg, usually stopping just below the knee, though sometimes reaching to the ankles. The breeching of a young boy, at an age somewhere between six and eight, was a completion in his childhood.


title: Waist

paragraphs: The waist is the part of the abdomen between the rib cage and hips that humans have.


title: Aircraft registration

paragraphs: An aircraft registration is a unique alphanumeric string that identifies an aircraft, in similar fashion to a licence plate on an automobile. In accordance with the Convention on International Civil Aviation all aircraft must be registered with a national authority (such as the Federal Aviation Administration or Transport Canada), and furthermore, they must carry proof of this registration in the form of a legal document called a Certificate of Registration at all times when in operation. Most countries also require the aircraft registration to be imprinted on a permanent fireproof plate mounted on the fuselage for the purposes of post-fire/post-crash aircraft accident investigation.


title: Paternoster

paragraphs: A Paternoster is a type of elevator. Its design is different from that of other elevators. It has several cabins that constantly move up and down. They are linked on a chain. People can stop on or off at any floor they like.

paragraphs: Paternosters have advantages and disadvantages. As an advantage, it is always possible to take them in either direction. Since the elevator moves at a slow speed, it is slower than a modern elevator. It takes longer to get to distant floors. Also, using a paternoaster takes some training. Paternosters are nearly impossible to use for disabled people.


title: Maremma

paragraphs: Maremma is an area in Italy, consisting of part of southern Tuscany and some part of northern Lazio.


title: Hurtova Lhota

paragraphs: Hurtova Lhota is a village in the Havlíčkův Brod District, Vysočina Region of the Czech Republic. About 224 people live there. It covers . Hurtova Lhota was first documented in 1436.


title: Nová Ves u Světlé

paragraphs: Nová Ves u Světlé is a village in the Havlíčkův Brod District, Vysočina Region of the Czech Republic. About 467 people live there. It covers 7,58 km². Nová Ves u Světlé was first documented in 1378.


title: Hamilton Academical F.C.

paragraphs: Hamilton Academical is a football team from Hamilton, Lanarkshire in Scotland. They were first set up in 1874 from Hamilton Academy. More commonly known as "Hamilton Accies" the team won promotion from SFL Division 2 to SFL Division 1 in the 2003-04 season. This was followed up by promotion to the Scottish Premier League in the 2007-08 season. The club have played at New Douglas Park from 2001, having previously played at Douglas Park.


title: Worf

paragraphs: Worf is a "" and "" character. He is played by Michael Dorn. He serves on the starship Enterprise as Lieutenant Junior Grade. Worf is the first Klingon main character to appear in Star Trek, and has appeared in more Star Trek episodes than any other character.

paragraphs: Worf is the son of Mogh. When Worf was a child, his parents and family were killed by the Romulan attack on the Khitomer outpost. Worf, his nanny Kahlest, and his brother Kurn survived the attack. Worf was then adopted by a human couple, Sergey and Helena Rozhenko while his brother was raised in the Klingon homeworld and was not revealed until they were both adults. Although Worf never took the Rozhenko's last name, for he preferred to be addressed as "Worf, son of Mogh". It was during his time on gault that the 13-year-old Worf, captain of his school's soccer team accidentally killed another boy during a championship by throwing himself at him as the two children ran after the ball which flew in the air. This was something Worf would never forget.


title: Azmi Bishara

paragraphs: Azmi Bishara (, , born July 22, 1956), was an Arab Israeli politician. He is a Palestinian and an Israeli citizen. Bishara was a member of the Israeli Knesset (MK) as a member of the Balad party from 1996 until resigning (stopped being a member) in April 2007. He is also the leader of that political party.

paragraphs: His resignation happened during news that the Israeli security services said he had committed many crimes. The news at that time did not say what the crimes were. It was later said that the crimes were treason and espionage. Because he resigned, Bishara lost his parliamentary immunity. He was not in Israel when this happened and chose not to go back to Israel at that time. He has said that he does want to return.

paragraphs: Bishara was born in Nazareth. He created the first National Committee of Arab High School Students. In 1974, he was in charge of that group. In 1976, he helped create the Committee for the Defense of Arab Lands and the first National Arab Student Union.

paragraphs: In the 1970s, Bishara studied at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. He was the head of the Arab Student Union and was active in the Jewish-Arab student group Campus. At the time, Bishara was a member of the Israeli Communist party Rakah (now part of Hadash), and supported an Internationalist-Marxist political agenda.

paragraphs: Upon finishing his Ph.D in philosophy at Humboldt University of Berlin in 1986, he joined the faculty of Bir Zeit University. He was in charge of the Philosophy and Cultural Studies Department for two years, from 1994 to 1996. He has also worked as a senior researcher at the Van Leer Institute in Jerusalem.

paragraphs: Bishara was a Knesset member from the fourteenth Knesset (first seating June 17 1996) until April 22, 2007. He was the most important member of his political party, the National Democratic Assembly (NDA-Balad) in the Knesset during this time.

paragraphs: Bishara was the first Arab citizen of Israel to try to become Prime Minister. He tried to become Prime Minister in the 1999 election, but stopped two days before election day.

paragraphs: The Central Elections Committee (CEC) said that MKs Ahmad Tibi and Azmi Bishara, as well as Bishara's party, Balad, could not be elected for the 16th Knesset in 2003. Attorney General Elyakim Rubinstein agreed with this and had also tried to stop them from being allowed to be elected. The CEC said that they believed that Bishara and Balad wanted "to destroy the Jewish character of the state and supported the armed struggle against it". The Israeli Supreme Court said this was wrong and that they could be elected.

paragraphs: Bishara went to Syria in 2001. He gave a speech at a memorial ceremony for Syrian President Hafez al-Assad where he showed support for Hezbollah. When he got back to Israel, the government said that he was guilty of trying to cause violence and supporting a terrorist organization, as defined by Israel's Prevention of Terror Ordinance.

paragraphs: Bishara went back to Syria in September 2006. While he was there, he said that Israel might attack Syria in more than one place to try to fix problems in Israel and show other countries that it would not be a good idea to attack it. He also went to Lebanon. He told the Lebanese prime minister that Hizbullah fighting against Israel has "lifted the spirit of the Arab people". Soon after this, Interior Minister Roni Bar-On asked Attorney General Menachem Mazuz see if Balad MKs Azmi Bashara, Jamal Zahalka and Wassel Taha were guilty of any crimes because of their visit to Syria. He did this because after Bashara's visit to Syria in 2001, the Knesset made a law that said that MKs could not go to any enemy countries.

paragraphs: On April 22, 2007, Bishara resigned from the Knesset at the Israeli Embassy in Cairo, Egypt. He did this after a police investigation of foreign people he knew and talk with. It was also said that he helped the enemy during wartime, gave information on to the enemy and laundered money he got from foreign sources. It was said that he might stay out of Israel because he did not want to go to jail and because it would end his political career." He also said that he believed he would not get a fair trial.

paragraphs: Court documents say that Bishara was questioned two times about the case. During the second time, he said that he was going to leave Israel for a couple of days. He said he would attend a third questioning session when he got back to Israel.

paragraphs: Bishara talked to a group of supporters in Nazareth using a telephone in April 2007. He told the thousands of supporters that, "My guilt is that I love my homeland... our intellect and our words are our weapons. Never in my life did I draw a gun or kill anyone."

paragraphs: Bishara was awarded the “Ibn Rushd 'Averroes' Prize for Freedom of Thought” for the year 2002 in Berlin, and the Global Exchange Human Rights Award for the year 2003 in San Francisco.


title: Peterhead F.C.

paragraphs: Peterhead Football Club is a professional football club from Peterhead, Scotland. Peterhead FC is currently playing in the Scottish Second Division.


title: 1983–84 NHL season

paragraphs: The 1983–84 NHL season was the 67th season of the National Hockey League. Twenty-one teams each played 80 games. The Edmonton Oilers beat the four-time defending Stanley Cup champion New York Islanders four games to one in the Cup finals.

paragraphs: "Note: GP = Games played; W = Wins; L = Losses; T = Ties; GF = Goals for; GA = Goals against; Pts = Points; PIM = Penalties in minutes"

paragraphs: "Note: GP = Games played; G = Goals; A = Assists; Pts = Points"

paragraphs: Edmonton wins series 4–1 and Stanley Cup

paragraphs: Mark Messier (Edmonton) wins Conn Smythe Trophy

paragraphs: The following is a list of players of note who played their first NHL game in 1983–84 (listed with their first team, stars(*) mark start in playoffs):

paragraphs: The following is a list of players of note that played their last game in the NHL in 1983–84 (listed with their last team):


title: Northeast Division (NHL)

paragraphs: The NHL's Northeast Division was formed in 1993 as part of the Eastern Conference in a league adjustment, the predecessor of which was the Adams Division. Although none of its members have won the Stanley Cup since the adjustment, its members account for a combined 42 Stanley Cup championships (24 by Montreal, 13 by Toronto, and 5 by Boston), which is the most championships of any division in the NHL.

paragraphs: The Northeast Division was dissolved as the league realigned into two conferences with two divisions each. All five teams were moved into the new Atlantic Division.


title: Northwest Division (NHL)

paragraphs: The NHL's Northwest Division was formed in 1998 as part of the Western Conference due to expansion.

paragraphs: The Northwest Division was dissolved as the league realigned into two conferences with two divisions each. The division's Canadian teams (the Calgary Flames, Edmonton Oilers, and Vancouver Canucks) were moved back to the Pacific Division, while the division's American teams (the Colorado Avalanche and Minnesota Wild) joined the Central Division.