title: Canary Wharf

paragraphs: Canary Wharf is a major business district in Tower Hamlets, East London. It is one of the United Kingdom's two main financial centres, second only to the traditional City of London. It contains many of Europe's tallest buildings, including the second-tallest in the UK, One Canada Square. Canary Wharf is located on the West India Docks on the Isle of Dogs.

paragraphs: From 1802 to the late 1980s, the Canary Wharf Estate was a part of Millwall, Limehouse and Poplar and was one of the busiest docks in the world. West India Docks was primarily developed by Robert Milligan (c. 1746–1809) who set up the West India Dock Company. After the 1960s, the port industry began to decline, leading to all the docks being closed by 1980.

paragraphs: The Canary Wharf of today is a complete reworking of the old dock area into a new business area.

paragraphs: Initially, the City of London saw Canary Wharf as a threat. Recovery in the property market generally, and demand for Grade A office space, improved the level of interest. A critical event was the much-delayed start of work on the Jubilee line extension, which the government wanted ready for the Millennium celebrations.

paragraphs: Canary Wharf has stations on the Jubilee Line and the Docklands Light Railway.


title: Antonina Domańska

paragraphs: Antonina Domańska (1853-1917) was a Polish writer. She is famous for books for children.

paragraphs: Antonina Domańska was born in September 1853 in Kamieniec Podolski (now in Ukraine). The exact date of birth is unknown. She was a daughter of physician Aleksander Kremer and Modesta Płońska. She was the aunt of a poet Lucjan Rydel. In 1865 she moved to Kraków (Cracow). She met her future husband, Stanisław Domański there. He was a physician. She was present at Lucjan Rydel's wedding in the village of Bronowice near Kraków in 1900. This is why she was portrayed in the drama "Wesele" ("The Wedding") by Stanisław Wyspiański. She died in on 26 January 1917.

paragraphs: Antonina Domańska wrote books for children. Her most famous ones are "Historia żółtej ciżemki" ("The Story of Yellow Shoe", 1913) and "Paziowie króla Zygmunta" ("King Sigismund's Pageboys", 1910). Two films were based on them.


title: USRC Argus (1791)

paragraphs: USRC "Argus (1791)" was one of the original ten cutters built and used by the United States Revenue Cutter Service. Of the first ten cutters, the "Argus" was in service the longest.

paragraphs: "Argus" was built and launched in 1791 at New London, Connecticut where she remained stationed. The first-named Argus was sold in 1804. "Argus" was designed as a sloop. She was long by wide and had a draft of . She displaced about .

paragraphs: Jonathan Maltbie was her first master. He died on 11 Feb. 1798 while still in command of the "Argus". He served in the Continental Navy during and after the American Revolutionary War. His last assignment was as a first lieutenant on the frigate "USS Trumbull."


title: Garuda Indonesia Flight 152

paragraphs: Garuda Indonesia Flight 152 was a scheduled domestic Indonesian passenger flight from Soekarno-Hatta International Airport in Jakarta to Polonia International Airport in Medan, North Sumatra. It was flown using an Airbus A300B4 registered PK-GAI and operated Garuda Indonesia.

paragraphs: On September 26, 1997, Flight 152, piloted by Hance Rahmowiyogo, crashed into mountainous woodlands from Medan during low visibility caused by the 1997 Southeast Asian haze. All 234 passengers and crew were killed in the disaster. Rahmowiyogo, age 42, had over 20 years of flying experience at Garuda Indonesia and over 12,000 flying hours. The crash site was in a ravine near the village of Buah Nabar in the Sibolangit district south of Medan.

paragraphs: Flight 152 remains the deadliest single-plane crash in Indonesia, and the deadliest aviation accident in 1997.


title: Guairá Department

paragraphs: The Guairá department () is a department of Paraguay. The capital is the city of Villarrica. Its code is PY-04.

paragraphs: The Guairá department is in the central part of the "Oriental" region. It has an area of , one of the smallest of the "Oriental" region and of the country, with an estimated population (2013) of 198,532 for a population density of .

paragraphs: The highest points of Paraguay are in the Guairá department; these are:

paragraphs: The main river in the department is the "Tebicuary", a tributary of the Paraguay river. The "Tebicuari-mi" is an important tributary of the Tebicuari.

paragraphs: , the total amount of precipitation in the city of Villarrica was . The month with the most precipitation was April with of precipitation. The month with the least precipitation was August with .

paragraphs: The average temperature for the year 2014 in Villarrica was . The warmest month, on average, was February with an average temperature of . The coolest month on average is July, with an average temperature of .

paragraphs: The department is divided in 18 districts:


title: Julie Trustrup Jensen

paragraphs: Julie Trustrup Jensen (born 6 April 1994) is a Danish football midfielder who plays for Brøndby IF of Denmark's Elitedivisionen. Since 2013, she has been a member of the senior Danish national team.

paragraphs: Trustrup Jensen played for B73 Slagelse until 2009, when she joined Brøndby IF. Good form in season 2010–11 led to Trustrup Jensen being named Denmark's Young Player of the Year. She scored a goal in the 3–2 Danish Women's Cup final win over rivals Fortuna Hjørring. She quit football in 2014 to travel round the world, but soon came back to her career with Brøndby. In June 2015 she scored an injury time winning goal in the Cup final against Fortuna, as Brøndby won 2–1.

paragraphs: Trustrup Jensen's first match for Denmark came in September 2013. She was a substitute for Brøndby team-mate Nanna Christiansen after 53 minutes of a 4–0 friendly win over Hungary in Budapest.


title: Acanthuridae

paragraphs: Acanthuridae is the family of surgeonfish, tangs, and unicornfish.

paragraphs: The family includes about 86 living species. It is made up of marine fish living in tropical seas, usually around coral reefs. Many of the species are brightly colored and popular for aquaria.

paragraphs: One of the characteristics of this family is that they have spines on the tail (also known as "thorn tail").

paragraphs: Most species of the family are of small size, between 15-40 cm (6-15 in), but the genera "Prionorus" or "Naso" can be larger.


title: State of Palestine

paragraphs: The State of Palestine, also known simply as Palestine, is a "de jure" sovereign state in the Middle East with Jerusalem as its capital. It is recognized by 141 UN members. Since 2012 it has non-member observer status in the United Nations. This amounts to a "de facto", or implicit, recognition of statehood.

paragraphs: The State of Palestine claims the West Bank and the Gaza Strip as its territory. Its independence was declared on 15 November 1988.


title: Cauquenes Province

paragraphs: Cauquenes Province () is one of four provinces of the central Chilean region of Maule (VII). The provincial capital and largest city is Cauquenes.

paragraphs: The Cauquenes province has an area of , the smallest province in the Maule region. The provincial capital, Cauquenes, is about southwest of Santiago.

paragraphs: The province is bordered to the north by the Talca province, to the east by the Linares province, to the south by the Ñuble province (Bío Bío region) and to the west by the Pacific Ocean.

paragraphs: (last national census), there were 57,088 people living in the province, giving it a population density of inhabitants/km². The urban population was 38,660 persons ( of the total).

paragraphs: The largest city of the province is Cauquenes, its capital, with a population, in 2002, of 30,771.

paragraphs: As a province, Cauquenes is a second-level administrative division, consisting of 8 communes ("comunas"). The city of Cauquenes serves as the provincial capital. The province is administered by a governor.


title: Acanthuroidei

paragraphs: Acanthuroidei is a suborder of Perciformes, the largest order of fishes.

paragraphs: Members of this suborder have a vertically-shaped body covered with small scales. The name for the suborder comes from that of the surgeonfish (Acanthuridae) family. It is got from the Greek words "akantha" and "oura", which loosely translate as "thorn" and "tail".


title: 21 Mincing Lane

paragraphs: The Minster Court complex, at 21 Mincing Lane, is an important building in the City of London.

paragraphs: The London Underwriting Centre (LUC) is there. It runs in parallel with the Underwriting Room at Lloyd's of London. It may be visited by up to 4,000 brokers each day.


title: Julian Brazier

paragraphs: Julian Brazier was the Member of Parliament for the UK constituency of Canterbury and Whitstable from 1987 until 2007.


title: St Botolph Building

paragraphs: 138 Houndsditch is an address in Houndsditch, London where the St Botolph Building is located. The commercial office opened in January 2011.

paragraphs: It is one of a number of landmark buildings recently developed to the east of the Gherkin in the City of London. It is in the centre of the UK insurance industry.


title: GR 8 (galaxy)

paragraphs: GR 8, or UGC 8091, is a gas-rich dwarf galaxy. The NED database gives the distance between this galaxy and the Earth as about 7.9 million light years. Although near the Milky Way, it is not decided whether it is a member of the Local Group.


title: Wacław Potocki

paragraphs: Wacław Potocki (1621 - 1696) was a Polish Baroque poet.

paragraphs: Wacław Potocki was born in the village named Wola Łużańska near the town of Biecz in Southern Poland. He was a member of noblemen family. They were Polish Brethren, Christians of the Minor Reformed Church. He was married to Katarzyna Morsztyn. After all Polish Brethren were given order either to become Roman Catholic or to go out of Poland forever, he changed his faith. Wacław Potocki died at Łużna in 1696. He was buried in Francuscan Church in Biecz.

paragraphs: Wacław Potocki wrote a lot. He is the author of "Ogród fraszek" ("The Garden of Verses") that consists of more than 2 000 short poems. Another book by Potocki, named "Moralia" is composed of more than 2 000 pieces, too. This was based on "Adagia" by Erasmus of Rotterdam. He wrote many poems, sometimes in ottava rima. His best known work is an epic poem "Wojna chocimska" ("The War of Chocim"). It was compared by Claude Backvis, a Belgian scholar, to John Milton's Paradise Lost. It narrates about the great battle against the Turks. The battle was fought in 1621, when the poet was born. The poem was written fifty years after. It is in heroic couplets. Lines of the poem consist of thirteen syllables with feminine rhymes.


title: New7Wonders of the World

paragraphs: New7Wonders of the World (2000–2007) was an idea to choose new Wonders of the World from a selection of 200 existing monuments. The popularity poll was led by Canadian-Swiss Bernard Weber and organized by the New7Wonders Foundation in Zürich, Switzerland. Winners were announced on 7 July 2007 in Lisbon.

paragraphs: The foundation took only private donations and the sale of broadcast advertising. It had no public funding or taxpayers' money. After the final announcement, New7Wonders said it did not make money and barely recovered its investment.

paragraphs: The seven wonders of the world can be seen on various Celebrity Cruises itineraries.

paragraphs: The program caused different reactions from countries and organisations. Some countries praised their finalist and tried to get more people to vote for it. Others criticized the contest or did not think it was very important.

paragraphs: In the beginning, UNESCO helped the New7Wonders Foundation by giving advice on nominee selection. Then they decided they could not continue to help. Saying they have to give equal status to all world heritage sites, they dropped out of the program in 2001 and again in 2007.

paragraphs: In 2007 the Foundation became partners with the United Nations to help promote their shared goals. The UN posted on its website:

paragraphs: But in a press release on June 20, 2007, UNESCO said again that it has no link with the "private initiative".

paragraphs: In Brazil there was a campaign named "Vote no Cristo" (Vote for the Christ) which had the support of private companies. Among them were telecommunications workers that stopped charging voters to make telephone calls and SMS messages to vote. Also, important corporate sponsors spent millions of Brazilian reals in an effort to have the statue voted into the top seven. These included a banking company (Banco Bradesco) and a television network (Rede Globo). Newsweek magazine said the campaign was so widespread that:

paragraphs: An article in Newsweek said that an estimated 10 million Brazilians had voted in the contest by early July. An airplane message, with a huge flying sign "4916 VOTE FOR CHRIST" flew in Rio de Janeiro for a month.

paragraphs: Egyptians were not happy that the only surviving ancient wonder, the Great Pyramid of Giza, would have to compete with the Statue of Liberty, the Sydney Opera House, and other modern sites. "This is probably a conspiracy against Egypt, its civilization and monuments", a state-owned daily newspaper wrote.

paragraphs: The Minister of Culture of Egypt, Farouq Hosny said the project was "absurd". Nagib Aymin, an Egyptian expert on World Heritage Sites, said that "in addition to the commercial aspect, the vote has no scientific basis."

paragraphs: After the complaints from Egypt, the Pyramids of Giza were named an honarary candidate, and removed from the voting. They were listed as one of the 21 finalists and given honorary status among the winners.

paragraphs: The New7Wonders Foundation said that more than 100 million votes were cast through the Internet or by telephone. Voting by the Internet was limited to one vote for seven monuments per person. More voting was allowed by telephone. This led to criticism that the poll was not valid. At the time, New7Wonders Foundation had "the largest poll on record".

paragraphs: The Great Pyramid of Giza was granted honorary status. It is the largest and oldest of the three pyramids at the Giza Necropolis in Egypt. It is also the only structure still remaining of the original Seven Wonders of the Ancient World.


title: Esociformes

paragraphs: Esociformes are a small order of ray-finned fish (the Actinopterygii). There are two families, the Umbridae (mudminnows) and the Esocidae (pikes).

paragraphs: The Esocidae are named after the pike genus "Esox". One highly successful species is "Esox lucius" or northern pike. The order also has an extinct family, called Palaeoscidae.

paragraphs: The Esociform fishes live in freshwater, in North America and northern Eurasia.

paragraphs: The order is very similar to the Salmonidae.


title: Matilda (name)

paragraphs: Matilda (or Mathilda) is a female first name. The name comes from Gothic language. It also comes from the Old High German words "maht" (meaning "might" and "strength") and "hild" (meaning "battle).

paragraphs: The name has been popular in Scandinavian countries. "Mathilde" appeared in the Top 10 most popular names for girls in Denmark in 2008. "Mathilde" was also very popular in Norway, Sweden and Finland. The name has also risen in popularity in other European countries.

paragraphs: As "Matilda", the name was most popular in the United States between 1880 and 1910. During those years, it was in the Top 200 names for girls. It went out of the Top 1,000 names in the United States by 1964. However, it reappeared 44 years later in the Top 1,000 names.


title: Bethany (name)

paragraphs: Bethany is a female first name. It comes from the Biblical place Bethany, the town where Lazarus lived in the New Testament.

paragraphs: In English speaking countries, Bethany has been very popular. It was the 59th most popular name for England and Wales in 2010. In 1999, it had gone as high as number 11. In the United States, the name was the 87th most popular in the late 1980s.

paragraphs: "Beth" is a short version of this name. "Beth" can also be a short version of the female name Elizabeth.


title: Santiago, Cape Verde

paragraphs: Santiago (Portuguese for “Saint James”), or Santiagu in Cape Verdean Creole, is the largest island of the Cape Verde archipelago. It is the most important agricultural centre and home to half the nation’s population. Praia, the capital of the country is in this island.

paragraphs: The Santiago island is part of the Macaronesia, a group of islands in the Atlantic Ocean with similar ecosystems.

paragraphs: The island was discovered in around 1460 by António de Noli (or António da Noli), a 15th-century nobleman and navigator from Genoa that worked for Henry the Navigator of Portugal. De Noli founded in 1462 the old capital of the islands, Ribeira Grande, now known as Cidade Velha.

paragraphs: (last national census), there were 273,919 people living in the island, giving it a population density of inhabitants/km².

paragraphs: The largest city of the island is Praia, its capital, with a population, in 2010, of 131,602.

paragraphs: Santiago is in the southern "Sotavento" group of islands, at about to the west of the island of Maio and at about to the east of the island of Fogo.

paragraphs: The Santiago island has an area of ; it is long, north to south, and about wide, east to west.

paragraphs: The island is mountainous, although slightly flatter in the southeast. There are two volcanic mountain ranges:

paragraphs: There are two natural parks in the island to protect the plants and animals in the two mountain ranges:

paragraphs: Praia, in the southeast coast, has a Tropical and Subtropical Desert climate (Köppen climate classification : Bwh).

paragraphs: The average temperature for the year in Praia is . The warmest month, on average, is August with an average temperature of . The coolest month on average is January, with an average temperature of .

paragraphs: The average amount of precipitation for the year in Praia is 8.3". The month with the most precipitation on average is August with of precipitation. The month with the least precipitation on average is March without any precipitation. There are an average of 49.0 days of precipitation, with the most precipitation occurring in September with 7.0 days and the least precipitation occurring in December with 2.0 days.

paragraphs: The Santiago island is divided in 9 municipalities ("conselhos") and 10 parishes ("freguesias").


title: Jackson, Nebraska

paragraphs: Jackson is a village in Dakota County, Nebraska, United States. The population was 223 at the 2010 census.

paragraphs: Before Jackson was formed, the town Old St. John's was started about 1.5 miles north of where Jackson is on June 2nd, 1856 by a Catholic colony of sixty Irish immigrants led by Father Trecy. The colony was one of the first towns started in Dakota County, and the first group of Catholic people to start a town together in Nebraska. When the rising Missouri River started to make it dangerous to live there around 1860, all of the residents of Old St. John's moved south to what is now called Jackson.

paragraphs: Jackson was originally called Franklin, and was started with that name around 1860. The people who lived in there later found out that there was already a place in Nebraska that was called Franklin. To make things less confusing, they renamed the town after Andrew Jackson so nobody would get confused. St. Patrick's Catholic Church, which is in Jackson, is where the Nebraska State Historical Society put historical marker 34. The historical St. Patrick's Catholic church was built on land that was given to the church by the McCormick family around the time Jackson was started.

paragraphs: The United States Census Bureau says that the village takes up about , of land.


title: Hayride

paragraphs: A hayride, which can also be called a hayrack ride, is an American activity where people go on a ride in an open truck, or wagon pulled by a tractor. Inside of the ride there is hay or straw for the people to sit on. Hayrides in the past were a way to celebrate the Autumn harvest. Hayrides today are usually started to give farms or companies a way to make more money during the fall. Sometimes hayrides are run by companies that help farms set up hayrides for people.

paragraphs: Hayrides on Halloween are called 'haunted hayrides'. During the fall, a hayride might let people stop near some pumpkins and pick one. These hayrides can put on a show with special effects and actors dressing up as ghosts, monsters, and other spooky creatures. Haunted hayrides attract people who like to get scared, and make money for farms during the Halloween season.

paragraphs: Even though hayrides are supposed to be a way for people to have fun, they can also be dangerous. Some hayrides have flipped over or gone off-road, hurting or killing people. Other kinds of accidents happen when hayrides crash into cars or trucks on the road.


title: Robert Graves

paragraphs: Robert von Ranke Graves (also known as Robert Ranke Graves and most commonly Robert Graves; 24 July 1895 – 7 December 1985) was an English poet, novelist, critic and classicist. He wrote more than 140 works. He wrote poems about Greek myths and historical novels. Many of his novels were set in ancient Rome or were about stories from Greek myths. He also wrote about Greek myths and translated them into English.

paragraphs: Graves was born in Wimbledon, now part of London. He was the third of five children. His father was Alfred Perceval Graves (1846–1931). He came from an Irish family. His mother was Amalie von Ranke (1857–1951). She came from a German family. Robert went to many schools when he was young. In 1909 he won a scholarship to Charterhouse, a famous boarding school in Surrey.When the First World War began in August 1914, Graves joined the army right away. He wrote many poems about the war. He became a good friend of another war poet, Siegfried Sassoon. Graves was very badly wounded in the Battle of the Somme. He nearly died and was sent back to a hospital in England. He also had mental problems called by shell shock from the bad experience of battle. His mental problems lasted for several years.

paragraphs: In 1918 he married the artist Nancy Nicholson. He went to study at Oxford University in 1919. At Oxford his good friend was T. E. Lawrence. He later wrote a biography of Lawrence called "Lawrence and the Arabs". His marriage to Nancy Nicholson ended in the 1920s. He went to live with the poet Laura Riding in Spain They lived in Deià, a small village on the island of Majorca. Graves and Laura Riding lived in America during the Spanish Civil War. Their relationship broke down in 1938. Graves went back to England. He fell in love with Beryl Hodge (1915–2003). Graves wrote many beautiful love poems to Beryl. They moved to Spain in 1946 and lived in Deià with their children. They were married in 1950. Their house in Deià is now a museum. From 1961 to 1966 Graves was Professor of Poetry at Oxford.

paragraphs: Robert Graves died at his house in Deià on 7 December 1985. He was 90 years old. He was buried in a churchyard on a hill near his house. Graves had eight children—four with his first wife Nancy and four with his second wife Beryl.


title: Sushil Chhetri

paragraphs: Sushil Chhetri () is a Nepalese actor who has worked in the Nepalese film industry for more than a decade. He debuted in Kollywood with the film ‘’Aaago’’ which received much hype and sensation. Unfortunately as the story based on the Maoist crisis it was banned before release. He is known for his movies Aago (2000), Gaajal (2001) and Anjuli (2002). Chhetri acted in 100s of Nepali movies and 11 Bhojpuri movies.Recently after a sort of disappearance from Nepali Film Industry, he came back with his new movie ‘’Bich Bato(2015)’’, before entering Kollywood as an actor he started his career as background dancer.

paragraphs: Chhetri completed his primary education from Tika High School, Kathmandu. He further completed I Com from Tahachal Campus and studied B Com till second year from Patan Campus.

paragraphs: Chhetri has been honoured with many prestigious awards from national and international organizations. He was one of the nominees for the categories of leading Actor in Dabur Anmol Motion Picture Award (2004) for the nepali movie ‘’’Triveni’’’. He was also honoured with the title ‘’’Best Actor’’’ in Kolkata for his first movie ‘’’Aago’’’ in Kalakar Awards. He received the award from Bollywood actress Rani Mukherjee.

paragraphs: Chhetri appeared in an Indian television series "The Ring" broadcasted on Star Plus.


title: Anastasia of Sirmium

paragraphs: Anastasia of Sirmium or Saint Anastasia was a Christian saint and martyr from the 4th century. She died at Sirmium in the Roman province of Pannonia Secunda. Today that place is in the modern country of Serbia. Little is known about her life. Most stories about her began many years after her death. Some stories say she was a Roman. Others say she was born in Sirmium. Roman Catholic tradition states that her mother was St. Fausta of Sirmium. She is as a healer and an exorcist. Her relics lie in the Cathedral of St. Anastasia in Zadar, Croatia. She is one of seven women, along with the Blessed Virgin Mary, who were mentioned by name in the Mass.

paragraphs: Her feast day is December 22 in the Eastern Orthodox Church church. It is January 15 in the Roman Catholic Church.


title: Protacanthopterygii

paragraphs: Procanthopterygii is a superorder of teleost fishes. These fish mostly live in temperate waters, and in the northern hemisphere. They may live in both fresh and salt water.

paragraphs: Best-known examples of this group are the salmon, trout, and pikes.


title: Hapsa Hatarnai

paragraphs: Hapsa Hatarnai is a Bodo ceremony performed by an individual household in the company of his neighbours while entering a new house or a homestead. The principal domestic deities, such as, Bathou, Mainao together with other lesser divinities are worshipped with prayers and oblations. The ceremony is consummated with liberal drinking of country liquor called 'zou' or 'zu' followed by feast.


title: Roggliswil

paragraphs: Roggliswil is a municipality of the district of Willisau in the canton of Lucerne in Switzerland.


title: Schötz

paragraphs: Schötz is a municipality of the district of Willisau in the canton of Lucerne in Switzerland.

paragraphs: On 1 January 2013 the former municipality of Ohmstal merged into the municipality of Schötz.


title: Babiker Awadalla

paragraphs: Babiker Awadalla (2 March 1917 – 17 January 2019) was a Sudanese Arab nationalist politician. He was born in Gitena, White Nile State.

paragraphs: He held the position of Speaker of the Parliament from 1954 to 1957, and became Chief Judge in 1964. In 1966, he resigned from the court in protest of the government's refusal to reinstate the Sudanese Communist Party, which the court had held to be unconstitutionally banned from parliament. After 1972, he moved to Egypt, and later Dublin, Ireland, where he lived until his death. He turned 100 in March 2017.

paragraphs: Awadalla was the oldest living former head of state or government, a title he has held from the death of Đỗ Mười on 1 October 2018. Awadalla died on 17 January 2019 in Dublin, aged 101.


title: Tom Hayden

paragraphs: Thomas Emmet "Tom" Hayden (December 11, 1939 – October 23, 2016) was an American social and political activist, author and politician. He was director of the Peace and Justice Resource Center in Los Angeles County, California. He was a member of the Chicago Seven.

paragraphs: Hayden was best known for his major role as an anti-war, civil rights and radical intellectual counterculture activist. Hayden was the former husband of actress Jane Fonda and the father of actor Troy Garity.

paragraphs: Hayden died in Santa Monica, California from heart disease and from complications of a stroke on October 23, 2016, aged 76.


title: Chung Won-shik

paragraphs: Chung Won-shik (5 August 1928 – 12 April 2020) was a South Korean politician, educator, soldier, and author. He was the 23rd Prime Minister of South Korea from 1991 through 1992. From 1951 to 1955, he served as an officer in the South Korean Army. Following that, he worked as a professor of Seoul National University. He served as South Korea's Education Minister from 1988 through 1990.

paragraphs: President Roh Tae-woo named him Acting Prime Minister on 24 May 1991. On 8 July 1991, he was appointed Prime Minister of South Korea. He ran for mayor of Seoul in 1995, but lost.

paragraphs: Chung died on 12 April 2020 in Seoul of kidney disease at the age of 91.


title: Elmer Ferguson Memorial Award

paragraphs: The Elmer Ferguson Memorial Award is an award given "in recognition of distinguished members of the newspaper profession whose words have brought honour to journalism and to hockey". Recipients are selected by the Professional Hockey Writers' Association.


title: Foster Hewitt Memorial Award

paragraphs: The Foster Hewitt Memorial Award is an award named after Foster Hewitt and presented by the Hockey Hall of Fame to members of the radio and television industry who make outstanding contributions to their profession and the game of ice hockey during their broadcasting career. The award winners are selected by the NHL Broadcasters' Association.

paragraphs: This award should not be confused with the ACTRA Foster Hewitt Award, which was presented by ACTRA, the Canadian association of actors and broadcasters, for excellence in general sports broadcasting. That award was discontinued in 1986.


title: Bob McKenzie

paragraphs: Robert Malcomson "Bob" McKenzie (born August 16, 1956) is a Canadian hockey commentator who has covered ice hockey since joining TSN in 1986.

paragraphs: Growing up, McKenzie was a fan of the hometown Toronto Maple Leafs, and his favourite doughnut shop was Tim Hortons.

paragraphs: McKenzie provides analysis for "NHL on TSN" telecasts, as well as for international hockey events, notably the annual IIHF World U-20 Hockey Championship. He also covered the NHL Entry Draft. Prior to joining TSN, McKenzie was editor-in-chief of "The Hockey News" for nine years and a hockey columnist for "The Toronto Star" for six years.

paragraphs: McKenzie is heard weekly on the TSN 1040 in Vancouver on the "Canucks Lunch with Rick Ball", as well on TSN Radio 690 (CKGM) in Montreal, on Monday, Wednesday, and Friday on the Morning Show at 8:05 a.m. He is also a frequent contributor to the Ottawa Senators pre-game show on TSN 1200 radio in Ottawa.

paragraphs: On May 7, 2015, McKenzie surpassed 1,000,000 followers on Twitter. He goes by the Twitter handle @TSNBobMcKenzie and his account has been verified by Twitter.

paragraphs: In October 2014, McKenzie began appearing as a full-time contributor on NBCSN.

paragraphs: He currently resides in Whitby, Ontario.


title: Elmer Ferguson

paragraphs: Elmer Ferguson (February 25, 1885 – April 26, 1972) was a Canadian sports journalist. Born in Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Ferguson moved to Montreal in 1910 and became the sports editor of the Montreal Herald in 1913. Ferguson was one of the most respected and promiant columnists of his time. He became a Hockey Hall of Fame media honouree in 1982 and was the namesake of the Elmer Ferguson Memorial Award.

paragraphs: At the age of six, Ferguson started selling newspapers on the streets of Moncton, New Brunswick and became a copy boy with the Moncton Transcript when he was 17. He soon became a sports writer with the paper and became the news editor in 1910. With Ferguson as editor, the Moncton Transcript became the first Maritime newspaper to print a full sports page every day.

paragraphs: Soon after, Ferguson left for Montreal where he got a job as an editor at the Montreal Herald. He became sports editor of the paper in 1913 and soon became a well known sports journalist with his column "The Gist and the Jest of It". He was sports editor for the paper for 39 years and continued to write columns until the Herald folded in 1957. He continued to write columns for The Montreal Star until a few months before his death in 1972.

paragraphs: In addition to his work in the print media, he was also a colour commentator on radio broadcasts for the Montreal Maroons (1933–1938) and the Montreal Canadiens (1938–1967), where he was partnered with Hall of Fame broadcasters Doug Smith and Danny Gallivan.

paragraphs: Ferguson was inducted into Canada's Sports Hall of Fame as a builder in 1968. In 1984, Ferguson was recognized as one of the first Hockey Hall of Fame media honourees. The award that is given out was named the Elmer Ferguson Memorial Award in his honour.


title: Bad (Bodo culture)

paragraphs: In the culture of the Bodo people, a bad (बाद) is a social crime or offense. There are five different types of bad:


title: Gil Vicente

paragraphs: Gil Vicente (1470-1540) was a Portuguese poet and playwright.

paragraphs: Gil Vicente was born in 1470 in the town of Guimarães. He came to Lisbon as a boy. He studied law but did not take any scholarly degree. In 1493 he was prince Manoel's teacher of rhetorics. Some of his poems were included into Cancioneiro Geral by Garcia de Resende. He wrote plays. He was an actor, too. He was married to Branca Bezerra and had four children. His daughter Paula was known a learned woman at the court.

paragraphs: Gil Vicente wrote poetry and plays. He wrote both in Portuguese and in Spanish. He is called the father of Portuguese drama. His works were translated into English by Aubrey F. G. Bell. Among his poems there are vilancetes, pastoral poems. A famous example is "Adorae montanhas".


title: Ardèche (river)

paragraphs: The Ardèche () is a long river in south-central France, a right-bank tributary of the River Rhône. The river gives its name to the French department of Ardèche.

paragraphs: The Ardèche river has a length of and a drainage basin with an area of approximately .

paragraphs: Its average yearly discharge (volume of water which passes through a section of the river per unit of time) is 64.8 cubic metres per second at Saint-Martin-d'Ardèche in the Gard department.

paragraphs: The Ardèche river starts in the Massif Central, within the "Parc naturel régional des Monts d'Ardèche" ("Regional nature park Mountains of Ardèche"), in the "commune" of Astet (Ardèche department), at an elevation of about .

paragraphs: It then flows roughly to the southwest and, after the towns of Aubenas and Ruoms, it gets into its famous gorge (or canyon) below Vallon-Pont-d’Arc.

paragraphs: The valley of the Ardèche is very scenic, in particular a section known as the Ardèche Gorges (or the Canyon of Ardèche). The walls of the river here are limestone cliffs up to high. A kayak and camping trip down the gorge is not technically difficult and is very popular in the summer. The most famous feature is a natural stone arch across the river known as the Pont d'Arc.

paragraphs: Finally, the river flows into the Rhône river, on the right side, near the "commune" Pont-Saint-Esprit, Gard department.

paragraphs: The Ardèche passes through the following regions, departments and communes:

paragraphs: The main tributaries of the Durance river are:


title: Stéphane Dion

paragraphs: Stéphane Maurice Dion (born 28 September 1955) is a Canadian diplomat and former politician. He served as Minister of Foreign Affairs in the Cabinet headed by Justin Trudeau from 2015 to 2017.

paragraphs: He was a Member of Parliament of Canada for the riding of Saint-Laurent—Cartierville in Montreal since 1996. He was the leader of the Liberal Party of Canada and the Leader of the Opposition in the House of Commons of Canada from 2006 to 2008.

paragraphs: Since 2017 he has been ambassador to the European Union and Germany.


title: Federica Mogherini

paragraphs: Federica Mogherini (; born 16 June 1973) is an Italian politician. She is the High Representative of the European Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy and Vice-President of the European Commission in the Juncker Commission since 1 November 2014.


title: Fumio Kishida

paragraphs: He is a member of the House of Representatives and the Liberal Democratic Party (LDP). He served in Yasuo Fukuda's cabinet as minister of state for Okinawa and northern territories affairs, science and technology policy, quality-of-life policy, and regulatory Reform.

paragraphs: In August 2020, he announced his candidacy for the Liberal Democratic leadership election to replace Prime Minister Shinzo Abe. He lost the election on 14 September to Yoshihide Suga, coming in second place.


title: Paolo Gentiloni

paragraphs: Paolo Gentiloni Silveri (; born 22 November 1954 in Rome) is an Italian politician. He became the Prime Minister of Italy in December 2016 after the resignation of Matteo Renzi. He served until 1 June 2018.

paragraphs: He is a member of the Democratic Party. He served as Minister of Foreign Affairs from 31 October 2014 through 12 December 2016. He was also Minister of Communications during the government of Romano Prodi.


title: Lenín Moreno

paragraphs: Lenín Boltaire Moreno Garcés (born 19 March 1953) is an Ecuadorian politician. Moreno is the 44th and current President of Ecuador since 24 May 2017. He was the Vice President of Ecuador from 2007 to 2013, serving under President Rafael Correa. His election as Vice President was well known because as a paraplegic, Moreno was one of the world’s few disabled national leaders.

paragraphs: On 2 April 2017, Moreno was elected President of Ecuador defeating banker Guillermo Lasso in the 2017 Ecuadorian presidential round-off with 51% of the vote to Lasso's 49%.

paragraphs: On 24 May 2017, Moreno became the world’s only current head of state in a wheelchair.

paragraphs: Moreno was born in Nuevo Rocafuerte, Orellana Province. He studied at Central University of Ecuador. He married Rocio Gonzalez and together they have three children.

paragraphs: On January 3, 1998, two young men approached Moreno in a grocery store parking lot in Quito and told him they wanted his car and his money. He freely gave them his wallet and keys, but one of the men shot him in the back anyway. This incident left Moreno paralyzed.

paragraphs: During his first year in the office of Vice President of Ecuador, Moreno investigated the state of disabled people in Ecuador. He also founded the Manuela Espejo Solidarity Mission for the Disabled, which offers rehab, technical help, and psychological support to thousands of disabled Ecuadorians.

paragraphs: Moreno left the Vice Presidency on May 24, 2013 and was succeeded by Jorge Glas. He is the first Ecuadorian vice president to complete his term since 1992.

paragraphs: For his work providing respect and dignity to handicapped people, he was nominated for the 2012 Nobel Peace Prize. Moreno was appointed as Special Envoy on Disability and Accessibility by United Nations Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon in December 2013.

paragraphs: In October 1st, 2016, he was nominated to the elections to the Ecuadorian presidency by his party, Alianza País. In February 2017, Moreno and Guillermo Lasso made it to the run-off election which was held on April 2, 2017. Moreno won the election with 51% of the vote to Lasso's 49%. Moreno was then sworn-in as President of Ecuador on 24 May 2017 in Quito.

paragraphs: Though Moreno is a member of the PAIS Alliance, the same party as Rafael Correa, Moreno has taken Ecuador in a different direction than Correa did. Moreno is a more moderate, centrist figure and has restored presidential term limits, improved Ecuador's ties with the United States, and he has distanced himself from Nicolas Maduro's government in Venezuela.


title: Rafto Prize

paragraphs: The Thorolf Rafto Memorial Prize is a prize founded in the memory of the Norwegian human rights activist, Thorolf Rafto (1922-1986). The prize is now $20,000. It began in 1987 and is awarded each year. The prize ceremony takes place on the first Sunday of November in Bergen, Norway at the National Theatre of Bergen.

paragraphs: The first person to receive the prize was Jiří Hájek (1913–1993), a Czech politician and diplomat. He was one of the founders of Charter 77, an organization that worked for human rights in Czechoslovakia. Some other winners of the Rafto Prize are:


title: Hagramayao Jinahari

paragraphs: Hagramayao Jinahari, also known as "Rape in The Virgin Forest", is a 1995 Indian crime movie directed by Jwngdao Bodosa. It received many awards. The movie is in the Bodo language. The Bodo language is spoken by the Bodo people of India. It is one of the official languages of the Indian state of Assam. The movie starred Tikendrajit Narzary as Budang and Onjali Basumatary as Budang's daughter Mithinga.


title: Battle of Kororāreka

paragraphs: The Battle of Kororāreka was a battle in New Zealand between Maori warriors and the British Army. It took place on 11 March 1845 in the small town of Kororāreka. Today that town is called Russell. The town is on the North Island of New Zealand. The Maori were unhappy with the problems in the town. They cut down the flag pole flying the British flag. Each time the Maori cut down the flag pole, the British Army made a new one. This happened three times. When the British Army put the flag pole back a fourth time, the Maori attacked the town. Hōne Heke and Te Ruki Kawiti were the leaders of the Maori. William Hulme was the leader of the British soldiers. The Maori had many more fighters than the British. There were 600 Maori warriors and only 140 British soldiers. The Maori won the battle. The town was destroyed in the fighting. The British Army left the town. The British citizens living there also left. British and American ships waiting in the harbour took them to Auckland.


title: Alayaron (movie)

paragraphs: Alayaron (English: "The Dawn") is one of the first Bodo feature movies. It was released in 13 March 1986 at Ganga Talkies, Kokrajhar. It was directed by Jwngdao Bodosa, based upon the short story Mwdwi arw Gwlwmdwi (Tears and Sweat) by Nilkamal Brahma. The movie stars Amar Narzary and Rohila Brahma. It was also the winner of the National Film Award in 1986.


title: Circinus galaxy

paragraphs: The Circinus galaxy (ESO 97-G13) is a Seyfert galaxy, very bright and emitting huge amounts of electromagnetic radiation.

paragraphs: Circinus is in a constellation of the same name, Circinus (constellation). It is one of the closest and nearest galaxies to the Milky Way. It is probably slightly further away than Centaurus A.

paragraphs: The galaxy just 4 degrees below the galactic plane and 13 million light years from our galaxy. Its outer ring is 700 light years from the galaxy's centre, and the inner ring just 130 light years from the centre. You can see the galaxy with a small telescope.

paragraphs: The galaxy was not noticed until 1977 because it lies close to the plane of the Milky Way and is obscured by galactic dust.


title: Seyfert galaxy

paragraphs: Seyfert galaxies are named after Carl Seyfert who first described them in 1943.

paragraphs: These galaxies are one of the two main types of active galaxies. The other large group are quasars. Seyfert galaxies have quasar-like nuclei: they are very distant luminous sources of electromagnetic radiation. Their very high surface brightness has spectra with strong, high-ionisation emission lines. However, unlike quasars, their host galaxies are clearly visible.

paragraphs: Seyfert galaxies are about 10% of all galaxies, and are some of the most intensely studied objects in astronomy. They are thought to be powered by the same phenomena as quasars, although they are closer and less luminous than quasars. These galaxies have supermassive black holes at their centers which are surrounded by accretion discs of in-falling material. The accretion discs are believed to be the source of the observed ultraviolet radiation. Ultraviolet emission lines and absorption lines are the best way to analyse the surrounding material.

paragraphs: Seen in visible light, most Seyfert galaxies look like normal spiral galaxies. However, when studied under other wavelengths, it becomes clear that the luminosity of their cores is as big as the luminosity of whole galaxies the size of the Milky Way.

paragraphs: Here are some notable examples of Seyfert galaxies:


title: Relativistic jet

paragraphs: Relativistic jets are very powerful jets of plasma with speeds close to the speed of light. They are emitted by the central black holes of some active galaxies (notably radio galaxies and quasars), and by the black holes of massive stars and neutron stars. Their lengths can reach several thousand or even hundreds of thousands of light years.

paragraphs: If the jet speed is close to the speed of light, the effects of the special theory of relativity are significant. The mechanics behind how jets are created, and what they are made of, are still a matter of debate. Jet composition might vary.

paragraphs: Massive galactic central black holes have the most powerful jets. Similar jets on a much smaller scale develop from neutron stars and black holes in other stars. Even weaker and less relativistic jets may be associated with many binary star systems.

paragraphs: The general hypothesis among astrophysicists is that the formation of relativistic jets is the key to explaining the production of gamma-ray bursts. These jets have Lorentz factors of ~100 or greater (that is, speeds over roughly 0.99995c), making them some of the fastest celestial objects known at present.


title: I Zw 36

paragraphs: I Zwicky 36 (often shortened to I Zw 36) is a blue compact dwarf galaxy, meaning that it is small for a galaxy, that its stars are close together and that it gives off blue light. The stars in I Zwicky 36 are young for stars, no older than three million years.

paragraphs: Astronomers studied I Zw 36 (≈Z⊙/14) using the Hubble Space Telescope. Before that, they took pictures using ultraviolet light using the pre-COST Faint Object Camera (FOC) and Near Infrared Camera and Multi-Object Spectrometer (NICMOS). FOC seemed to show that I Zw 36 had large, hot stars but NICMOS said it had cold stars that were small or medium sized. Some evidence shows the stars were active and then the galaxy became compact and blue. The evidence of luminous and asymptotic branches of stars suggests they formed several million years ago. The giant red branches of the galaxy may have at least 1-2 billion years.


title: Cadmium nitrate

paragraphs: Cadmium nitrate is an inorganic compound. The general formula of the compound is Cd(NO).

paragraphs: Cadmium nitrate is used for colouring glass and porcelain. It is also used as flash powder in photography.

paragraphs: Cadmium nitrate is prepared by dissolving cadmium or its oxide or its hydroxide, or its carbonate, in nitric acid followed by crystallization method:


title: Palladium(II) nitrate

paragraphs: Palladium(II) nitrate is the inorganic compound with the formula Pd(NO3). It is a red-brown solid with a tendency to absorb water.

paragraphs: Palladium nitrate may be prepared by dissolving palladium oxide hydrate in dilute nitric acid, followed by crystallization. The nitrate crystallizes as yellow-brown deliquescent prisms. The compound also may be got by treating palladium metal with nitric acid.


title: Yuriko Koike

paragraphs: Yuriko Koike (born 15 July 1952) is a Japanese politician and the current governor of Tokyo.

paragraphs: She was born and raised in Ashiya, Hyōgo Prefecture. She dropped out of University in Japan, who moved to the Middle East and studied Arabic. She graduated from Cairo University in Egypt, and she began to work an interpreter and translator of Arabic. She worked as a journalist in the 1980s and entered politics in the 1990s.


title: Americium dioxide

paragraphs: Americium dioxide is a black compound of Americium. As a solid, AmO has the same structure as fluorite (CaF).

paragraphs: Americium-Aluminium alloys are formed by the melting of americium dioxide with aluminium and a fluxing agent. These alloys can be used to produce atoms of elements having a higher atomic number than Uranium.


title: Phoenix Dwarf

paragraphs: The Phoenix Dwarf is a galaxy discovered as a mistaken globular cluster. It's correctly 1.14 Mly away the Earth

paragraphs: It has got some young stars inside it in east-west direction and the oldest are in north south direction. It seems that it's one of the Milky Way's satellite galaxies.


title: Iggy Arbuckle

paragraphs: Iggy Arbuckle is an American/Canadian animated show created by Guy Vasilovich and produced by Blueprint Entertainment, National Geographic Kids' Entertainment, C.O.R.E. Toons and Cartoon Network and serviced by Cartoon Network. The show was debuted in July 21, 2007.


title: CJ the DJ

paragraphs: CJ the DJ is an Australian animated series that ran on ABC Me from December 4, 2009 to 2010. Its program creator was Mark Gravas.

paragraphs: On 1 July 2010, the Australian Broadcasting Company released the first DVD of "CJ The DJ", featuring the first eight episodes.

paragraphs: CJ the DJ Series 1 Volumes 1 (Episodes 1 - 26) and 2 (Episodes 27 - 52) are available for download at the ABC Online Store.

paragraphs: CJ the DJ was released on ABC iView for public viewing, though each episode was only available for viewing over a limited amount of time.

paragraphs: Israel: Arutz HaYeladim (סי ג'יי הדי ג'יי)


title: Parabolic trough

paragraphs: A parabolic trough is similar to a solar panel tower, because it has parabolic mirrors that collect large amounts of heat which is reflected on water-filled pipes .

paragraphs: The water is heated until it turns into steam, rotating a turbine using a large steam piston.

paragraphs: The rotating turbine produces electricity, which is then transferred by transformer, before being converted DC to AC and transferred by current lines.


title: I Zwicky 18

paragraphs: The I Zwicky 18 is an irregular dwarf galaxy. It is 45 million years light from Earth in the constellation of the Ursa Major. It was identified by first time in the 1930s by the astronomer Fritz Zwicky.

paragraphs: I Zwicky 18, only 500 million years of age, is a recently born galaxy compared with most. It is still making population III stars, almost entirely made of hydrogen and helium. The Milky Way is about 12,000 million years old.


title: Ufhusen

paragraphs: Ufhusen is a municipality of the district of Willisau in the canton of Lucerne in Switzerland.


title: Wauwil

paragraphs: Wauwil is a municipality of the district of Willisau in the canton of Lucerne in Switzerland.


title: Wikon

paragraphs: Wikon is a municipality of the district of Willisau in the canton of Lucerne in Switzerland.


title: Willisau

paragraphs: Willisau is a town of the district of Willisau in the canton of Lucerne in Switzerland.

paragraphs: On 1 January 2006 the former municipalities of Willisau Land (W. Country) and Willisau Stadt (W. Town) merged into the new town of Willisau.


title: Zell, Lucerne

paragraphs: Zell is a municipality of the district of Willisau in the canton of Lucerne in Switzerland.


title: Wilihof

paragraphs: Wilihof is a village and former municipality of the district of Sursee in the canton of Lucerne in Switzerland.

paragraphs: On 1 January 2005 the former municipalities of Wilihof and Kulmerau merged into the municipality of Triengen.


title: Schinznach

paragraphs: Schinznach is a municipality of the district Brugg in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

paragraphs: On 1 January 2014 the former municipalities of Oberflachs and Schinznach-Dorf merged into the new municipality of Schinznach.


title: Border states (American Civil War)

paragraphs: The Border states were those states that during the American Civil War did not leave the Union. The border states were Delaware, Maryland, Kentucky, and Missouri. After West Virginia separated from Virginia, it was also considered a border state. Most border states had strong ties to the South culturally, but they had economic ties to the North. While remaining loyal to the Union, the Border States were themselves slave-holding states.

paragraphs: In the Border States the war caused divided loyalties. They were the scene of often brutal guerilla warfare where neighbor fought against neighbor. The bitter feelings in the Border States lasted long after the Civil war.

paragraphs: In the border states, slavery was already dying out in urban areas and the regions without cotton. Several cities were rapidly industrializing, including Baltimore, Louisville, and St. Louis. By 1860, most of the African Americans in Delaware were free. By the start of the Civil War, slave ownership in the south had become concentrated into fewer and fewer hands. In 1830, 36% of Southern families owned slaves. By 1860, the number had fallen to 25%. In the Upper South it had fallen even more. In 1830, slaves made up 18% of the population. In 1860, they made up only 10%. During the same period in Kentucky, it fell from 24% to 19%. In Maryland, it went from 23% to 13%. Some slaveholders made a profit by selling surplus slaves to traders to be resold in the slave markets in the Deep South. They needed field hands for the cotton plantations.

paragraphs: In the South, slavery had become less and less useful to farmers as tobacco prices began to fall after the American Revolutionary War. But in 1793, Eli Whitney invented the cotton gin. This made Southern grown cotton highly profitable. Cotton also required large numbers of slaves. Most Southerners, however, did not own slaves. But by 1860 cotton and slavery was the strong link in the Southern economy. Maryland, Kentucky, and Missouri, which had many areas with much stronger cultural and economic ties to the South than the North, were deeply divided.

paragraphs: Each of these five states shared a border with Union states. All but Delaware also share borders with states that joined the Confederate States of America (CSA).

paragraphs: In October 1859 John Brown's raid on the Harpers Ferry Armory in what is now Harpers Ferry, West Virginia (at the time part of the state of Virginia) sent shock waves through the South. Although Brown was quickly captured and executed, the incident had a profound effect on the 1860 presidential election. When Abraham Lincoln won over three Democratic Party candidates, it triggered Southern secession. At the outbreak of the Civil War, the 40 western counties of Virginia were strongly against secession and they seceded from Virginia. The counties that later became West Virginia had relatively few slaves.

paragraphs: By 1860 Delaware was tied to the Northern economy and slavery was rare except in the southern parts of the state. Overall, 91.7% of the black population of Delaware was free by this time. Both houses of the state General Assembly rejected secession. Delaware's lower house was unanimous in rejecting the idea. The state senate voted against secession five to three. Many of the state's politicians including the governor, their two U.S. Senators and their sole representative in Congress, were sympathetic towards the South. But the state legislature better represented the feelings of the people of the state in remaining with the Union. However, they also disapproved of forceful abolitionism. Generally, most people in the state wanted a compromise that would prevent a war between the North and South.

paragraphs: Maryland found itself trapped by the war. The state was split. They were clearly tied economically to the North but culturally to the South. By 1860, 49.1% of Maryland's black population was free. But Maryland's Southern and Eastern counties had a history of over 200 years of using slaves in growing tobacco and other crops. This put them in a difficult position. Their politicians had worked hard to prevent government from interfering with slavery in their counties. In the 1860 presidential election, Lincoln did not receive a single vote from these counties. This was in spite of the fact that Lincoln promised not to interfere with slavery in the states where it already existed. But the Maryland legislature never considered a resolution to secede from the Union. The governor suggested calling a convention to consider secession, but the legislature ignored his request.

paragraphs: On April 19, 1861, Union troops moving through Baltimore were attacked by angry mobs of Southern sympathizers. It left 14 people dead and lasted for three days. Many rushed to the outskirts of Baltimore to set up roadblocks to try to prevent Union troops from passing through the city. The riots and protests might have led to secession had they been organized. But Union troops moving to Washington, D.C. were quickly changed to being transported by water to avoid the tense situation in Baltimore. Throughout the winter and spring of 1861, Maryland decided against neutrality and against joining the Confederacy. But in May of 1861, acting without orders, General Benjamin Franklin Butler marched into Baltimore. He occupied Federal Hill and set up cannons threatening anyone who would move against them. Lincoln was furious and promptly relieved Butler of his command. Still, the Massachusetts troops were left on Federal Hill. To prevent further trouble Lincoln suspended "habeas corpus" and imprisoned without charges or trials one sitting U.S. congressman as well the mayor, police chief, entire Board of Police, and the city council of Baltimore.

paragraphs: Chief Justice Roger Taney, acting only as a circuit judge, ruled on June 4, 1861, in "Ex parte Merryman" that Lincoln's suspension of habeas corpus was unconstitutional, but the president ignored the ruling in order to meet a national emergency. On September 17, 1861, the day the legislature reconvened, federal troops arrested without charge 27 state legislators (one-third of the Maryland General Assembly). They were held temporarily at Fort McHenry, and later released when Maryland was secured for the Union. Because a large part of the legislature was now imprisoned, the session was canceled and representatives did not consider any additional anti-war measures. The song "Maryland, My Maryland" was written to attack Lincoln's action in blocking pro-Confederate elements. Maryland contributed troops to both the Union (60,000) and the Confederate (25,000) armies. During the war, Maryland adopted a new state constitution in 1864 that prohibited slavery. It also freed all remaining slaves in the state.

paragraphs: Kentucky was strategic to Union victory in the Civil War. Lincoln once said,

paragraphs: "I think to lose Kentucky is nearly the same as to lose the whole game. Kentucky gone, we cannot hold Missouri, nor Maryland. These all against us, and the job on our hands is too large for us. We would as well consent to separation at once, including the surrender of this capitol [Washington, which was surrounded by slave states: Confederate Virginia and Union-controlled Maryland."

paragraphs: Lincoln reportedly also declared, "I hope to have God on my side, but I must have Kentucky." In the spring of 1861, Kentucky Governor Beriah Magoffin along with the state legislature declared the state would remain neutral. They would not provide troops to either the Union or the Confederacy. At the same time the declaration offered to mediate a peace between the two sides.

paragraphs: Neutrality was broken when Confederate General Leonidas Polk occupied Columbus, Kentucky, in the summer of 1861. This caused Kentucky to call for Northern aid to repel the Confederate invaders. Union General Ulysses S. Grant, who was waiting across the Ohio River in Illinois, moved to occupy Paducah and Southland, Kentucky. Polk's blunder cost the Confederacy any chance of getting Kentucky to join them. The occupied areas gave the Union a tremendous advantage in both Kentucky and Tennessee. During the war, about 35,000 men from Kentucky joined the Confederacy. Those who joined the Union army totaled about 74,000, including about 24,000 African Americans.

paragraphs: Missouri had been involved in fighting on the Kansas-Missouri border since 1854 over the issue of slavery. The dispute was aptly named Bleeding Kansas. When the Civil War began on April 12, 1861, the entire state of Missouri was firmly divided between pro-Confederate and pro-Union forces. The governor of Missouri, Claiborne Jackson refused to send volunteers from the state to fight for Abraham Lincoln when he called for troops. Instead, the governor had the state militia muster outside the city to begin training in preparation to join the Confederate forces. He called upon the legislature to authorize a state constitutional convention on secession. A special election approved of the convention, and sent delegates to it. This Missouri Constitutional Convention voted to remain within the Union.

paragraphs: Jackson, who was pro-Confederate, was disappointed with the outcome. He called up the state militia to their districts for annual training. Jackson had designs on the St. Louis Arsenal, and had been in secret correspondence with Confederate President Jefferson Davis to obtain artillery for the militia in St. Louis. Aware of these developments, Union Captain Nathaniel Lyon struck first, encircling the camp, and forcing the state militia to surrender. While his troops were marching the prisoners to the arsenal, a deadly riot erupted (the Camp Jackson Affair). This caused greater Confederate support in the state. The already pro-Southern legislature passed the governor's military bill creating the Missouri State Guard. Governor Jackson appointed Sterling Price, who had been president of the convention, as major general of this reformed militia. Price, and Union district commander Harney, came to an agreement known as the Price–Harney Truce, which calmed tensions in the state for several weeks. After Harney was removed, and Lyon placed in charge, a meeting was held in St. Louis at the Planters' House among Lyon, his political ally Francis P. Blair, Jr., Price, and Jackson. The negotiations went nowhere. After a few fruitless hours, Lyon declared, "this means war!" Price and Jackson rapidly departed for the capital.

paragraphs: Lyon quickly moved his army to attack the pro-confederate forces at Jefferson City, Missouri, the state capital. He moved quickly enough to catch them unprepared. On June 15, Lyon's small Union army occupied Jefferson City. Lyon installed a pro-Union government after Jackson and most of his militia retreated to the southwest corner of Missouri. Lyon moved his army to go after the rebels. On June 17, both sides fought the Battle of Boonville which lasted only about 30 minutes. The Union forces completely routed the pro-confederates. He then lead his troops into a series of skirmishes with the Missouri State Guard and the Confederate Army.

paragraphs: Lyon next moved to Springfield, Missouri where the army camped. On August 10, Lyon's Army of the West was defeated by a combined force of the Missouri Militia and Confederate troops under the command of Benjamin McCulloch near Springfield, Missouri. This was called the Battle of Wilson's Creek. Lyon was killed while trying to rally his outnumbered soldiers. However, Lyon’s efforts prevented the State of Missouri from joining the Confederacy. Missouri abolished slavery during the war in January 1865.


title: The ZhuZhus

paragraphs: The ZhuZhus (originally titled Polly and the Zhu Zhu Pets) is a Canadian/American animated television series produced by Cepia LLC and Nelvana, and the YTV. The series aired in the United States on Disney Channel on September 12, 2016.

paragraphs: "The ZhuZhus" is about a young girl named Frankie Pamplemousse, her mom and dad, and her four talking hamsters: Pipsqueak, Mr. Squiggles, Num Nums, and Chunk. The group of five go on adventures in their town, Anytown.

paragraphs: A webseries called "Zhu's News" was released to YTV's YouTube channel starting July 17, 2017. Each episode stars Whendy Sails of Channel 5 recapping moments in the series.


title: William Dampier

paragraphs: William Dampier (baptised 5 September 1651; died March 1715) was the first Englishman to explore parts of Australia. He was the first person to circumnavigate the world three times. On one voyage he rescued Alexander Selkirk, a sailor who may have inspired Daniel Defoe's "Robinson Crusoe".


title: Alto Paraná Department

paragraphs: The Alto Paraná department () is a department of Paraguay. The capital is the city of Ciudad del Este.

paragraphs: The Alto Paraná department is in the central eastern part of the country, in the east of the "Oriental" region. It has an area of , with a population of 785,747 for a Population density of .

paragraphs: The main river in the department is the Paraná river. The Acaray is an important tributary of the Paraná.

paragraphs: Ciudad del Este, the capital of the department, has a humid subtropical climate that is mild with no dry season, constantly moist (year-round rainfall). (Köppen climate classification : Cfa).

paragraphs: The average amount of rainfall for the year in the city is . The month with the most precipitation on average is January with of rainfall, followed by October with .

paragraphs: The month with the least rainfall on average is July with an average of and the second is August with .

paragraphs: Ciudad del Este is in a warm region; the average temperature for the year is . The warmest month, on average, is January with an average temperature of . The coolest month on average is June, with an average temperature of .

paragraphs: The department is divided in 22 districts:


title: Ghana Kanta Basumatary

paragraphs: Ghana Kanta Basumatary (18 December 1952- 11 December 2013) was a Bodo actor and dramatist. He was one of the most famous actors of the 20th century.


title: Kherai Puja

paragraphs: Kherai Puja is the most important religious festival of the Bodo people. They perform this puja on some specific occasions.

paragraphs: The Darshan Kherai (दोर्सोन खेराइ) is performed during the first week of the month of 'Kati' or 'Kartik'. It celebrates the goddess of wealth and welfare, so it is also called as the 'Lwkhi Kherai'.

paragraphs: The Umrao Kherai (उमराव खेराइ) is held during the month of 'Ashara' at the end of the 'Amthi Sua' (the unclean period) for the welfare of the villagers as well as of the crops. This Kherai is also known as the 'Ashu Kherai'.

paragraphs: The Phalo Kherai (फालो खेराइ) is also known as the "Danshrang Kherai" as it is performed during the full moon at the month.

paragraphs: The Nowani Kherai (न'नि खेराइ) is performed by the family when it deems necessary. The Bodo people who believe in the traditional practice rely on the Kherai Puja and the Garja Puja for their welfare at all times.


title: Ausserferrera

paragraphs: Ausserferrera () is a village and former municipality in the district of Hinterrhein in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland.

paragraphs: On 1 January 2008 the former municipalities of Ausserferrera and Innerferrera merged into the new municipality of Ferrera.


title: Partial fraction decomposition

paragraphs: Partial fraction decomposition is taking a big algebra fraction and splitting it into a bunch of smaller fractions that are added together. Partial fractions are used to get the antiderivatives of algebra fractions.

paragraphs: The denominators of all these fractions are factors of g(x).


title: Pygmy slow loris

paragraphs: The pygmy slow loris ("Nycticebus pygmaeus") is one of a number of species of slow loris. It is a small nocturnal primate with large eyes. It lives in thick forest and bamboo groves. They are found in Vietnam, Laos, China, Thailand, and parts of Cambodia. Because their habitat is reduced, their status is "vulnerable".

paragraphs: They have small hands and feet, but an extraordinarily strong grasp. They can hang from branches as they catch their food. Their large eyes help them find their food.

paragraphs: Their diet consists of insects and soft fruit. They eat gum from trees and this may help them survive food shortages.

paragraphs: With their small size they weigh between 0.8 to 1 pound in adulthood. Usually once a male has reached maturity, they become territorial and do not tolerate other males. This is why their social life is described as solitary, although they are known to be able to live among females of their species. In captivity the lifespan of the pygmy slow loris may be 20 years.

paragraphs: They produce offspring every 12 to 18 months. The females have gestational periods of about 188 days and have small litters of one or two babies. This species do not share parenting. The offspring stay with their mothers until they reach maturity.

paragraphs: When the loris feels threatened it has a defense mechanism. It gives off a bad odor. If a predator is not scared away by the smell they produce some kind of toxic secretion from their elbows. If they bite the predator, the poison is passed on.

paragraphs: Despite conservation efforts, they are captured and sold for pets in markets in Vietnam. They have a very cuddly appearance but in no way are suitable to be pets.


title: Punta La Marmora

paragraphs: Punta La Marmora () is a mountain in the Gennargentu range, Sardinia (Italy).

paragraphs: The mountain is named after Alberto della Marmora, an Italian geographer and naturalist who described the island in two works: "Voyage en Sardaigne" (1826) and "Itinéraire de l'île de Sardaigne" (1860).

paragraphs: The name of the mountain, in the Sardinian language, was "Perdas Carpìas", which means "split stones" because of its rocks of schist which tend to break into pieces.

paragraphs: The Punta La Marmorea is in the communes of Desulo and Arzana (province of Nuoro), in the "Barbagia" mountain area of inner Sardinia. With its summit at an elevation of , it is the highest peak on the Sardinia island.

paragraphs: Near Punta La Marmorea, there are other high mountains as "Bruncu Spina" that, with an elevation of , is the second highest point of Sardinia. They are part of the Gennargentu National Park.

paragraphs: The mountain is formed by metamorphic rocks, mainly shales, from Paleozoic era..

paragraphs: Punta La Marmora is just east of the approximate centre of Sardinia. On a clear day, it is possible to view from the top over a large part of Sardinia and the mountains of southern Corsica.

paragraphs: Snowfalls are frequent in winter, usually with an average depth over of snow. Snowfalls are stronger in January and February.

paragraphs: The wind on the summit can reach up to .

paragraphs: The summit is reached by hiking. The easiest route is from the "Bruncu Spina" mountain where there are ski lifts to get to the top; from there, it is easy to get to the five highest summits of Sardinia, including Punta La Marmora.


title: Joanne (album)

paragraphs: Joanne is the fifth studio album by American singer-songwriter Lady Gaga. It was released on October 21, 2016. It was named for Gaga's aunt, her father's sister, who died before Gaga was born. Joanne is also Gaga's middle name.

paragraphs: The album was produced by Gaga, Mark Ronson, Kevin Parker, and BloodPop, among other producers. Gaga collaborated with RedOne on the song "Angel Down", which was written about Trayvon Martin, who was killed in 2012. RedOne also helped produce Gaga's previous blockbuster hits, such as "Just Dance", "Poker Face", and "Bad Romance". Country songwriter Hillary Lindsey also worked with Gaga on "Joanne" on songs like "Million Reasons". Singer-songwriter Beck worked with Gaga on the dance song "Dancin' in Circles".

paragraphs: Two singles were released for the album: "Perfect Illusion" and "Million Reasons". The first single reached the top 20 in several countries, like the US, Canada, Australia, and the UK. "Million Reasons" first peaked at number 52 on the "Billboard" Hot 100. However, after her Super Bowl halftime performance on February 5, 2017, the song entered the "Billboard" Hot 100 again at number four. This is Gaga's 14th top-ten song and her 10th song to reach the top five on the chart.

paragraphs: Gaga went on a Dive Bar Tour at three different dive bars in the United States to promote "Joanne".

paragraphs: Critics have said that "Joanne" is different from Gaga's previous releases, such as "The Fame", "The Fame Monster", "Born This Way", and "Artpop". The album sold 201,000 copies in its first week in the United States. The album entered the "Billboard" 200 albums chart at number one. It became Gaga's fourth number-one album in the U.S. After the album was released, Gaga became the female artist with the most number-one albums of the 2010s decade. "Joanne" ranked at number 108 on the "Billboard" 200 year-end chart of 2016 in the US.

paragraphs: In August 2017, Gaga began the Joanne World Tour, which was set to run through December. However, in September 2017, Gaga canceled her performance at the Rock in Rio festival in Brazil, with Maroon 5 taking her place. The European leg of her tour was postponed to early 2018 due to severe chronic pain. She is set to continue the remainder of the North American dates.

paragraphs: On October 22, 2017, Gaga announced that the album had been certified platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America for over one million certified units in the United States.

paragraphs: The standard version of the album has 11 songs, while the deluxe version has 14.


title: Milky Way–Andromeda collision

paragraphs: The collision between the Milky Way and Andromeda will happen about four billion years in the future.

paragraphs: The Andromeda galaxy is approaching the Milky Way at about as shown by its blueshift. Until 2012, it was not known whether the possible collision was definitely going to happen or not, because its proper motion was too small to measure.

paragraphs: In 2012, researchers concluded that the collision is sure to happen. They used the Hubble Space Telescope to track the motion of stars in Andromeda between 2002 and 2010 with great accuracy. Andromeda's tangential or sideways velocity with respect to the Milky Way was much smaller than the speed of approach. Therefore, it is expected that it will collide with the Milky Way in around 4 billion years.

paragraphs: Such collisions are relatively common. Andromeda, for example, has collided with at least one other galaxy in the past. Several dwarf galaxies such as SagDEG are already colliding with the Milky Way and being merged into it. The Antennae galaxies are an example of two roughly equal spiral galaxies colliding.


title: Slow loris

paragraphs: Slow lorises are the genus Nycticebus, nocturnal species of strepsirrhine primates. They live in southeast Asia and nearby areas.

paragraphs: There are about eight species: the Sunda slow loris ("N. coucang"), Bengal slow loris ("N. bengalensis"), pygmy slow loris ("N. pygmaeus"), Javan slow loris ("N. javanicus"), Philippine slow loris ("N. menagensis"), Bangka slow loris ("N. bancanus"), Bornean slow loris ("N. borneanus"), and Kayan River slow loris ("N. kayan").

paragraphs: The group's closest relatives are the slender lorises of southern India and Sri Lanka. Their next closest relatives are the African lorisids, the pottos, false pottos, and angwantibos. They are less closely related to the remaining lorisoids (the various types of galago), and more distantly to the lemurs of Madagascar. Their evolutionary history is uncertain: their fossil record is patchy and molecular clock studies have given various results.

paragraphs: Slow lorises eat insects, small birds and reptiles, eggs, fruits, gums, nectar and some vegetation. A 1984 study of the Sunda slow loris found its diet was 71% fruit and gums, and 29% insects and other animal prey. A more detailed study of another Sunda slow loris population in 2002 and 2003 showed different dietary proportions: 43.3% gum, 31.7% nectar, 22.5% fruit, and just 2.5% arthropods and other animal prey.


title: Scrapie

paragraphs: Scrapie is a fatal disease that affects the nervous system of sheep and goats. It is similar to Mad cow disease which affects cattle. Scrapie was first described in 1732. Much like with mad cow disease, prions seem to be involved in transmitting it.


title: Stone slab

paragraphs: A stone slab is a big stone, flat and of little thickness, that are generally used for paving floors, for covering walls or as headstones.

paragraphs: Other definitions refine the meaning a bit more:

paragraphs: Most dolmen constructions they were build using stone slabs of big dimensions. Their architecture often includes a corridor of access that can be constructed usins stone slabs or dry stones. The burial chamber, with variable shapes (rectangular, polygonal, oval, circular ...) can also be preceded by an anteroom. In some dolmens, the entrance has a door cut into one or more vertical stone slabs.

paragraphs: The main applications of the slabs as material of construction are for pavings and in the construction of roofs. But they can be employed for other uses, among them:

paragraphs: A system to cook the foods is “to the slab”. In like manner to the systems of “to the iron” or “grilled”, in the procedure to bake to the slab the foods course (meat, fish, vegetables...) They put on a slab hot on of the fire. With oil, butter or lard and all the aditaments with that want to dress the teak.

paragraphs: From prehistoric times there are examples of graves covered with a stone slab, in its natural state or carved. This use as tombstone has extended the concept of natural slab to the tombstone variant: flat, thin and polished. Example: the tomb of King Peter the Great,

paragraphs: The tombstones use to have some inscriptions. The information on the stone slab traditionally includes the name of the deceased and his date of birth and death. The inscriptions are generally in the frontal side of the stone slab but also in some cases in the verso and around the edges of the slab, some families request to write an inscription in the unseen part of the stone slab (oriented to the ground). Apart from the name, some slabs also have epitaphs in praise of the deceased or citations of religious texts, as "Requiescat in pace".


title: Marecchia

paragraphs: The Marecchia () is a river of the Emilia-Romagna region. The city of Rimini gets its name from the Latin name of the river.

paragraphs: Its low course marks the end of the Padan Plain ().

paragraphs: The Marecchia river has a length of , and a drainage basin with an area of approximately .

paragraphs: Its discharge (volume of water which passes through a section of the river per unit of time) depends of the season: in the autumn could be as high as but is very low during summer. Most of the time, the discharge is about .

paragraphs: The Marecchia river flows through a valley named after it, "Valmarecchia". The river starts at about west of "Viamaggio" ("comune" of Pieve Santo Stefano) and about southwest of the "comune" of Badia Tedalda, in the province of Arezzo (Tuscany), in the "Alpe della Luna" at an elevation of above sea level.

paragraphs: At about to the northeast of Badia Tedalda, the river gets into the Emilia-Romagna region, in the Casteldelci "comune", province of Rimini. Then it flows through Ca 'Raffaello, an exclave of Badia Tedalda; to the north of here, the Senatello river flows into the Marecchia as a left tributary. Later, in "Ponte Masa", the Masa river flows from the right into the Marecchia.

paragraphs: Shortly after "Torello", the San Marino river flows as a right tributary and, after the Verucchio "comune", the Ausa flows also from the right.

paragraphs: Between the "frazioni" (Italian subdivisions of a municipality) of "Rivabella" and "San Giuliano", in Rimini, the Marecchia river ends in the Adriatic Sea.

paragraphs: The Bridge of Tiberius () or Bridge of Augustus () is a Roman bridge in Rimini. Its construction began in times of Augustus but was finished in 20 AD in times of Tiberius.

paragraphs: The tributaries of the Marecchia river are:


title: Shijiazhuang

paragraphs: Shijiazhuang (石家庄) is the capital of the Hebei province in China.

paragraphs: The city is at the edge of the North China Plain. It is about southwest of Beijing.


title: Manchu queue

paragraphs: The Manchu queue or the Manchu braid was a hairstyle that all men in China during the Qing Dynasty (1644-1912) had to wear. After the overthrow of the Qing dynasty, Chinese men no longer had to wear the Manchu queue.


title: War bride

paragraphs: During war, or when a country is occupied, many people who serve in the military are present in that country. Some of these people are soldiers, other people are part of military personnel. Women who marry those people are known as war brides. The effect is well-documented for the period of the First and Second World War, but it also applies to other wars, such as the Philippine–American War, the Vietnam War, the Korean War or the Occupation of Japan.


title: Neravy

paragraphs: Neravy is a town as well as in the Karaikal district of Puducherry Union territory, India.This town is located 145km away from Pondicherry, the capital of this union territory.

paragraphs: The population of Neravy is 10890 according to 2001 Census of India.The male population is 5392 and female population is 5494.The literacy rate of the town is 81.19%.

paragraphs: Neravy commune is one of the 5 communes in Karaikal district.


title: Catenary

paragraphs: A catenary is a type of curve. An ideal chain hanging between two supports and acted on by a uniform gravitational force makes the shape of a catenary. (An ideal chain is one that can bend perfectly, cannot be stretched and has the same density throughout.) The supports can be at different heights and the shape will still be a catenary. A catenary looks a bit like a parabola, but they are different.

paragraphs: The equation for a catenary in Cartesian coordinates is

paragraphs: where formula_2 is a parameter that determines the shape of the catenary and is the hyperbolic cosine function, which is defined as

paragraphs: Hence, we can also write the catenary equation as

paragraphs: The word "catenary" comes from the Latin word "catena", which means "chain". A catenary is also called called an alysoid and a chainette.


title: Perfect information

paragraphs: Perfect information has different definitions depending on the field.

paragraphs: In economics, the term perfect information refers to an element of competition in a market which is perfect and idealized. This is commonly known as perfect competition.

paragraphs: In the mathematical branch of game theory, a perfect information game uses perfect information if all the actions taken in the game are known, and the state of the game's materials is available to all players. Perfect information is a type of common knowledge. Perfect information relates to the materials of the game, and to the rules of the game.

paragraphs: It follows that imperfect information is when elements of the game (materials or rules) are not equally available to all participants.

paragraphs: Perfect information games do not require that each player has a working memory of past positions but that merely they have had the opportunity to view such past actions.

paragraphs: In a game of chess or go, the pieces and the rules are known, but the implications of the position are not. This identifies chess as a perfect information game. In competitive card games like bridge and poker, the cards held by opponents are not known, or only partly known. They are not perfect information games.


title: Holon Children's Museum

paragraphs: Holon Children's Museum () is the first museum dedicated for children in Israel. It was opened in 2001. The museum is located in Shimon Peres Park in Holon.


title: Compromise of 1850

paragraphs: The Compromise of 1850 was a series of laws passed in 1850 that dealt with the controversial issue of slavery in the United States. As a result of the Mexican–American War, the United States acquired a great deal of new territory. The laws admitted California as a free state, and created the new territories of New Mexico and Utah. A dispute over the boundary between Texas and New Mexico was settled with Texas losing the New Mexico territory. It put an end to the slave trade in Washington, D.C. and made it easier for Southern slaveowners to recover runaway slaves. The compromise called for each new state to decide for itself whether it would be a slave or free state. This was called popular sovereignty, a term coined by Stephen A. Douglas in 1854 and later used in the Kansas–Nebraska Act.

paragraphs: The Missouri Compromise, passed in 1820, was an agreement between the pro-slavery and anti-slavery factions in the United States Congress. It concerned the regulation of slavery in the western territories. It admitted Missouri as a slave state to please the South. It admitted Maine as a free state to please the North. It kept the balance of power in the United States Senate between the free states and slave states. The plan also called for slavery to be banned from the Louisiana Territory north of the parallel 36 degrees 30' north (also known as the Missouri Compromise Line), except within the boundaries of the proposed state of Missouri. It was a temporary measure that reduced the conflict over slavery. But there was continued resentment between North and South. The South resented Congress interfering with slavery. The North resented having to compromise on the moral issues of slavery. Both sides wanted the political power necessary for their issue to win. In his book "Negro President: Jefferson and the Slave Power", historian Garry Wills wrote, “the South was not demanding slave representation to achieve a near-parity at the moment, but as a way of achieving majority control in the immediately foreseeable future.”

paragraphs: In 1849, when Zachary Taylor became president, the new territories the U.S. gained after the Mexican-American war caused the issue of slavery to become critical again. The California Gold Rush had caused the population there to suddenly increase and Californians now wanted statehood as a free state. This upset the balance of 15 free states and 15 slave states established by the Missouri Compromise.

paragraphs: Senator Henry Clay of Kentucky presented resolutions on January 29, 1850 saying they represented the spirit of compromise that would keep the Union together. Former Vice President and Senator from South Carolina John C. Calhoun saw it differently. For a month he worked on a speech but was too ill to deliver it. Virginia Senator James A. Mason read it on the floor of the Senate on March 4. In a speech on March 7, Senator Daniel Webster of Massachusetts spoke in favor of compromise. Abolitionists in the North saw this as a betrayal and giving in to slavery interests. William H. Seward, then the Senator from New York, spoke next for the abolitionists. He claimed there was a "higher law than the Constitution," which prevented any compromise with slavery.

paragraphs: At the same time the House of Representatives was also debating the question. No agreements had been reached by early April so a committee was suggested by Senator Henry S. Foote of Mississippi. Called the "Committee of Thirteen" it was made up of seven Whigs and six Democrats. The committee drafted a bill based mainly on Clay's compromise resolutions made in January. Clay himself was the chairman and presented the bill on May 8.

paragraphs: Each side got some benefits from the compromise:


title: Timeline of events leading to the American Civil War

paragraphs: A timeline of events leading up to the American Civil War describes the events which historians recognize as contributing to the American Civil War. Many of these events lead back to the founding of the country. The United States Constitution makes only a few mentions of slavery leaving it largely up to the individual states to govern it. As the Northern and Southern United States developed along separate lines, slavery eventually disappeared from the North. It became an institution in the South. As new parts of the country opened up to settlement the issues over slavery started a long-standing controversy between North and South. It became a burning issue and led to secession of several Southern states. This in general led to the Civil War.


title: West London Synagogue

paragraphs: West London Synagogue is the oldest Reform synagogue located in London, England, United Kingdom. The synagogue was established on 15 April 1840.

paragraphs: The current building, built in 1870, is located near Marble Arch in London. The main sanctuary is built in the Byzantine architectural style. The premises also contain offices, a library and community facilities.


title: Julio César Turbay Ayala

paragraphs: Julio César Turbay Ayala (18 June 1916 – 13 September 2005) was the 25th President of Colombia from 1978 to 1982.

paragraphs: Turbay was born in a poor neighborhood on June 18, 1916. His father, Antonio Amín Turbay, was a businessman who emigrated from Tannourine, Lebanon.

paragraphs: His mother, Rosaura Ayala, was a peasant from the province of Cundinamarca. Turbay’s father was a hard working merchant who had built a fortune, which he completely lost during the civil war of the Thousand Days War.

paragraphs: In response to an increase in guerrilla activity, a 1978 decree known as the Security Statute was implemented by Turbay's administration.

paragraphs: The Security Statute gave the military an increased degree of freedom of action, especially in urban areas, to detain, interrogate and eventually judge suspected guerrillas or their collaborators before military tribunals. Human rights organizations, newspaper columnists, political personalities and opposition groups complained about an increase in the number of arbitrary detentions and acts of torture as a result.

paragraphs: In late 1980, sixteen ambassadors were held hostage for 61 days as part of a takeover of the Dominican Republic's embassy. The incident soon spread throughout worldwide headlines, as ambassadors from the United States of America, Costa Rica, Mexico, Peru, Israel and Venezuela had been taken hostage, as well as Colombia's top representative to the Holy See.

paragraphs: Turbay, despite pressure from military and political sectors, avoided deciding to solve the crisis through the use of direct military force, and instead eventually agreed to let the M-19 rebels travel to Cuba. Allegedly, the rebels also received USD 1 million as payment, instead of the initial $50 million that they had originally demanded from the government.

paragraphs: Turbay married his niece, Nydia Quintero Turbay, on July 1, 1948. They had four children together: Julio César, Diana, Claudia, and María Victoria. However, their marriage was annulled by the Roman Catholic Church, and in 1986 he married his longtime companion Amparo Canal, to whom he remained married until his death.

paragraphs: In January 1991, Turbay's daughter Diana was kidnapped by orders of the Medellín Cartel and died during a failed police rescue operation not sanctioned by her family. Her kidnapping is chronicled in "News of a Kidnapping" by the Nobel Prize-winning author Gabriel García Márquez (1996) and depicted in multiple onscreen productions.

paragraphs: Turbay died on September 13, 2005. He was honored by a state funeral personally led by President Álvaro Uribe and was buried at the Sacromonte Caves at Canton Norte, an army base in Bogotá.


title: Conan the Barbarian (1982 movie)

paragraphs: Conan the Barbarian is a 1982 American fantasy-adventure film directed by John Milius. Based on the stories of Robert E. Howard, the film tells the story of a warrior prince (Arnold Schwarzenegger) who must battle and defeat Thulsa Doom (James Earl Jones), an evil sorcerer who murdered his parents. Although initial reception for the film was poor, it was a box-office hit and launched Schwarzenegger's career, and in the years since, it has garnered a cult following. A sequel, Conan the Destroyer, was released in 1984, and a remake was also released in 2011.

paragraphs: In the fictional country of Cimmeria, a sword is forged by a blacksmith (William Smith), who shows it to his young son Conan as he tells him "the Riddle of Steel", which is an aphorism of the importance of metal to their people. One day, the Cimmerians are massacred by the warriors of the sorcerer Thulsa Doom (James Earl Jones), who is the leader of a snake cult. Dogs kill Conan's father and his mother is killed when Doom decapitates her with his sword. The children, Conan among them, are taken into slavery and chained to a mill called The Wheel of Pain. Conan grows into a young man (Arnold Schwarzenegger), whose muscles have built from years of pushing the heavy grindstone. His master eventually trains him into a gladiator; he is eventually freed after winning several pit fights and receiving training in the East. Conan travels to a warrior's tomb and retrieves a sword. He later on encounters a prophetic witch (Cassandra Gava) and befriends the thief Subotai (Gerry Lopez).

paragraphs: On the advice of the witch Conan and Subotai travel to the city of Zamora to find Doom. There, they encounter the female warrior Valeria (Sandahl Bergman). They steal treasure from the Tower of Serpents-killing a giant snake in the process-and after escaping, the thieves celebrate and Conan and Valeria fall in love. The city guards capture the trio and bring them to the court of King Osric (Max von Sydow), who requests that they rescue his daughter-who has become a follower of Doom-for a reward. Subotai and Valeria refuse, but Conan-driven by his hatred of Doom-sets off alone to the Temple of Set, where the sorcerer resides.

paragraphs: Conan infiltrates the temple disguised as a priest, but ends up being discovered, captured and tortured. Doom lectures him on the power of flesh, which he demonstrates by forcing one of his followers to commit suicide by jumping off a cliff, before ordering the barbarian to be crucified on the Tree of Woe. Subotai discovers the dying Conan and brings him to the Wizard of the Mounds (Mako), who lives on a burial site for warriors and kings. The wizard summons spirits to heal the barbarian, warning that they will "exact a heavy toll", which Valeria is willing to pay. These spirits try to capture Conan but he fully recovers from his wounds when Subotai and Valeria fight them off.

paragraphs: Subotai and Valeria agree to help Conan complete the quest and infiltrate the temple of Set. As the cult indulges in a cannibalistic orgy, the thieves attack and flee with the princess. Doom shoots Valeria with a stiffened snake and is mortally injured. She dies of her wounds and Conan has her cremated at the Mounds, where he later prepares with Subotai and the wizard to fight Doom. With the use of booby traps and exploiting the terrain, the two manage to slay Doom's soldiers when they arrive. Valeria reappears briefly as a Valkyrie to protect Conan from a mortal blow. After the death of his men, Doom tries to shoot the princess with a stiffened snake, but Subotai blocks the shot with his shield and the sorcerer flees to his temple.

paragraphs: Conan sneaks back to the temple where Doom addresses the cult members. He confronts Doom, who attempts to mesmerize him. Conan, however, resists and decapitates the sorcerer. After the disillusioned cultists disperse, Conan razes the temple to the ground and returns the princess.


title: Aisne (river)

paragraphs: The Aisne is a river in northeastern France. It is a left tributary of the Oise river. It gave its name to the French department of Aisne. It was known in Roman times with its Celtic name of Axona.

paragraphs: The Aisne river has a length of , and a drainage basin with an area of .

paragraphs: The source of the Aisne is in the "Forest of Argonne", in the Rembercourt-Sommaisne "commune" (Meuse), near the border with the Marne department, at an altitude of about . From here, the Aisne flows to the west.

paragraphs: The Aisne river flows through 2 regions and 5 departments. It flows through the following "communes", among others:

paragraphs: Finally, it flows into the Oise river in the city of Compiègne.

paragraphs: The main tributaries of the Aisne river are:

paragraphs: Its average yearly discharge (volume of water which passes through a section of the river per unit of time) is at Trosly-Breuil in the Oise department.

paragraphs: The Aisne shows typical seasonal fluctuations. The highest levels of the river are in winter and spring, from December to May inclusive, with the highest level in February. They are followed by a rapid fall in the flow during the low water period that goes from July to October.


title: Damodar River

paragraphs: The Damodar River is a river in India. It flows through the states of West Bengal and Jharkhand. The river is nicknamed "the Sorrow of Bengal" because of the floods in the plains of West Bengal.

paragraphs: The Damodar River has many tributaries. They are:

paragraphs: Chota Nagpur Plateau receives an annual rainfall of around . The volume of this monsoon rain produces the floods of the Damodar River. Many of the floods of the Damodar River is recorded in the years of 1700, 1855, 1866, 1926, 1935 and 1943.