title: Notts County F.C.

paragraphs: Notts County Football Club is a football club in Nottingham, England, and also the oldest professional association football club in the world. The club now plays in Football League One of the EFL, part of the English football league system. ""The Magpies"" play at the Meadow Lane stadium in black and white striped shirts.

paragraphs: The club has also played many times in the top division of English football, the most recent in 1991–92, when they played in the last season of the old First Division before the creation of the Premier League.

paragraphs: Well-known past managers of Notts County have been Jimmy Sirrel, Neil Warnock, and Sam Allardyce.

paragraphs: Notts County started in 1862. The club was started before The Football Association and in the beginning they played a game with club rules, rather than association football. When it started, Notts County, like most sports teams, were considered to be a "gentlemen-only" club. Notts County are thought to be to be one of the starters of the current game, even being credited with the invention of the offside trap. Notts County is the oldest of the world's professional association football clubs (There are older professional clubs in other codes of football.)

paragraphs: The club in the beginning played at Park Hollow at Nottingham Castle. In December 1864, the decision was made to play games against outside teams, and it was decided that the club needed to find a larger stadium. After playing at several places, The Magpies settled at Trent Bridge Cricket Ground in 1883. When the ground was used for Cricket, they played at Castle Ground or Nottingham Forest's Town Ground. The club moved to their current stadium, Meadow Lane, in 1910.

paragraphs: In 1888, Notts County, along with eleven other football clubs, became a founding member of The Football League. They finished their first league season in eleventh place. Notts County got their highest ever league finish of third in 1890-91, and they also finished third ten seasons later.

paragraphs: On 25 March 1891, Notts County reached the FA Cup final for the first time but did not win. They lost 3-1 to Blackburn Rovers.

paragraphs: Notts County made up for this in 1894, when they won the FA Cup at Goodison Park for the first time in their history. The Magpies beat Bolton Wanderers 4-1 and Jimmy Logan scored the first hat-trick in FA Cup final history. Notts County became the first club outside the top division to win the FA Cup - they finished in third place in the Second Division that season.


title: La Paz, Baja California Sur

paragraphs: La Paz is the largest and capital city of the state of Baja California Sur, Mexico. The city had a census population in 2010 of 215,178 people.


title: Gringo Gazette

paragraphs: The Gringo Gazette is a newspaper in the English language founded by Carrie Duncan, published every other week for the American expatriate communities in Baja California and Baja California Sur, Mexico.

paragraphs: It has been published since 2001. Most of its contributors are Americans living in Mexico or Americans with a second home in Mexico. Most of the subscribers of this newspaper are located in San Felipe, La Paz and Cabo San Lucas.


title: 2 Girls 1 Cup

paragraphs: 2 Girls 1 Cup is the title of the trailer for Hungry Bitches, a scat-pornographic movie produced by MFX Media. The trailer features two women defecating into a cup, taking turns eating the feces, and throwing it up into each other's mouths. "Lovers Theme" from Hervé Roy's Romantic Themes album released by Tele Music in 1992 plays throughout the trailer.

paragraphs: This one-minute video is a viral video that became a well-known Internet meme among bloggers and message boards for its viewers reaction to the content. Around mid-October 2007, video sites such as YouTube were flooded with videos that show others' reactions to watching the video for the first time.

paragraphs: The video came from a Brazilian, Marco Fiorito, who talks of himself as a "compulsive fetishist". Fiorito first produced foot fetish videos but soon moved on to coprophagia. The movie was made by MFX-Video, one of several businesses owned by Fiorito. Fiorito says his movies are legal in Brazil, but authorities in the United States have branded some of his movies as dirty and filed charges against Danilo Croce, a Brazilian lawyer living in Florida, listed as an officer of a company shipping Fiorito's movies in the United States. Croce accepted a plea bargain and was sentenced to 3 years of unsupervised probation and forfeiture of $98,000. Fiorito said he did not know his movies were illegal in the United States and that his movies often contained chocolate instead of feces to appease some of his actors who were willing to appear in scat movies but not actually eat fecal matter.

paragraphs: The first few seconds of the 2 Girls 1 Cup video contain the text "MFX 1209" (the product code for "Hungry Bitches") and the URL mfxvideos.com. The website is Fiorito's MFX-Video. This causes some in the media to incorrectly believe the video is one of the many Croce had to surrender to the Department of Justice but was somehow leaked in the process.

paragraphs: 2 Girls 1 Cup's spread because of the reactions it causes. Hundreds of videos exist on YouTube of users showing the original video to their friends and recording their reactions. Even Joe Rogan, host of "Fear Factor", a show known for the nasty things its players eat, had to turn away in a reaction video posted to his blog. A reaction video starring Kermit the Frog proved very popular on the Digg. In January 2008, "Slate" magazine wrote about the reaction video with a slideshow about the reactions.

paragraphs: Violet Blue, an author, stated this website as becoming "the new 'tubgirl' and goatse all in one nasty moment of choco-poo-love" in a "San Francisco Chronicle" article.


title: WWE No Way Out

paragraphs: WWE No Way Out is a yearly pay-per-view made by World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE). The event is usually produced in February and is typically the last pay-per-view before WrestleMania. The first "No Way Out" event was in 1998 as an In Your House event, called . The event did not take place in 1999, 2010 or 2011 but was brought back in 2000 and 2012.

paragraphs: "Note: (c) - Refers to the champion before the match occurred."


title: Ansonia, Connecticut

paragraphs: Ansonia is a city in Connecticut in the United States.


title: Bridgeport, Connecticut

paragraphs: Bridgeport is a city of Connecticut in the United States. It is the most populated city in the state of Connecticut with a population of 137,912 as of 2006 and is also the fifth largest city in New England being part of the New York combined statistical area.

paragraphs: The very first Subway restaurant was opened in Bridgeport.


title: Bristol, Connecticut

paragraphs: Bristol is a city in Connecticut in the United States. ESPN's headquarters are there. It is southwest of Hartford. Its population of 2005 is 61,353. It has 10 elementary schools, 3 middle schools, and 2 high schools.


title: Danbury, Connecticut

paragraphs: Danbury is a city in Fairfield County, Connecticut, United States. It is northeast of New York City making it part of the New York metropolitan area. Danbury's population at the 2010 census was 80,893.

paragraphs: The city is named for Danbury in Essex, England. It is nicknamed the "Hat City".


title: Derby, Connecticut

paragraphs: Derby is a city in Connecticut in the United States.


title: Groton (city), Connecticut

paragraphs: Groton (city) is a city in Connecticut in the United States.


title: Meriden, Connecticut

paragraphs: Meriden is a city in Connecticut in the United States.


title: Middletown, Connecticut

paragraphs: Middletown is a city in Connecticut in the United States.


title: Milford, Connecticut

paragraphs: Milford is a city in Connecticut in the United States.

paragraphs: Professional wrestler Goldust was born in Milford.


title: New Britain, Connecticut

paragraphs: New Britain is a city in Connecticut in the United States.


title: New London, Connecticut

paragraphs: New London is a city in Connecticut in the United States. The United States Coast Guard Academy is in the city.


title: Norwalk, Connecticut

paragraphs: Norwalk is a city in Connecticut in the United States. In 2006, 84,437 people lived in Norwalk, making it the third largest city in Fairfield County and the sixth largest city in Connecticut.


title: Norwich, Connecticut

paragraphs: Norwich is a city in Connecticut in the United States.


title: Shelton, Connecticut

paragraphs: Shelton is a city in Connecticut in the United States.


title: Stamford, Connecticut

paragraphs: Stamford () is a city in Fairfield County, Connecticut, United States. According to the US Census Bureau, the population of the city is 129,775 in 2018. It the third-largest city in the state (behind Bridgeport and New Haven). It is about from Manhattan.


title: Torrington, Connecticut

paragraphs: Torrington is a city in the U.S. state of Connecticut.


title: West Haven, Connecticut

paragraphs: West Haven is a city in Connecticut in the United States.


title: Winsted, Connecticut

paragraphs: Winsted is a city in Connecticut in the United States.


title: Delaware City, Delaware

paragraphs: Delaware City is a city in Delaware in the United States. It is in New Castle County in the north part of the state. Delaware City had 1,453 people in 2000.


title: Harrington, Delaware

paragraphs: Harrington is a city in Delaware in the United States. It is in the southwest part of Kent County, which is in the middle of the state. Harrington had 3,174 people in 2000.


title: Lewes, Delaware

paragraphs: Lewes ( ) is a city in Delaware in the United States. It is in Sussex County, which is in the south part of the state. The city is next to the Delaware Bay and is near the Atlantic Ocean. Lewes had 2,932 people in 2000.


title: Milford, Delaware

paragraphs: Milford is a city in Delaware in the United States. It is on the line of Kent County to the north and Sussex County to the south. Milford had 6,732 people in 2000.


title: New Castle, Delaware

paragraphs: New Castle is a city in Delaware in the United States. It is next to the Delaware River in New Castle County, which is in the north part of the state. New Castle had 4,862 people in 2000.


title: Newark, Delaware

paragraphs: Newark is a city of Delaware in the United States. It is in New Castle County, which is in the north part of the state. The city has the University of Delaware. Newark had 28,547 people in 2000.


title: Rehoboth Beach, Delaware

paragraphs: Rehoboth Beach is a city in Delaware in the United States. It is next to the Atlantic Ocean in Sussex County, which is in the south part of the state. Rehoboth Beach had 1,495 people in 2000.


title: Seaford, Delaware

paragraphs: Seaford is a city in Delaware in the United States. It is in Sussex County, which is in the south part of the state. Seaford had 6,699 people in 2000.


title: Page replacement algorithm

paragraphs: Certain operating systems use paging to get virtual memory. This means that a part of the hard disk or a file is used so that the applications or the operating system see more memory that is actually there. A Page replacement algorithm is an algorithm that decides which pages should be written to disk or file, when a new page needs to be allocated.


title: Alachua, Florida

paragraphs: Alachua is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Altamonte Springs, Florida

paragraphs: Altamonte Springs is a city of Florida in the United States. The population of this town was about 41,200 in 2000.


title: Anna Maria, Florida

paragraphs: Anna Maria is a city in Florida in the United States.


title: Apalachicola, Florida

paragraphs: Apalachicola is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Apopka, Florida

paragraphs: Apopka is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Arcadia, Florida

paragraphs: Arcadia is a city of Florida in the United States. It is the county seat of DeSoto County


title: Archer, Florida

paragraphs: Archer is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Atlantis, Florida

paragraphs: Atlantis is a city in Palm Beach County, Florida, United States.


title: Page cache

paragraphs: A page cache or disk cache is a buffer of pages certain operating systems keep in memory. These operating systems usually use paging.

paragraphs: The page cache uses virtual memory techniques to cache file data as pages rather than as file system oriented blocks. Caching file data is far more efficient than caching through physical disks blocks. Several systems - including Solaris, Linux, and Windows NT, 2000, and XP - use page caching to cache both process pages and file data. This is known as Unified Virtual Memory.


title: Auburndale, Florida

paragraphs: Auburndale is a city in Polk County, Florida of the United States.


title: Avon Park, Florida

paragraphs: Avon Park is a city in Highlands County, Florida, United States.


title: Bartow, Florida

paragraphs: Bartow is a city of Florida in the United States. NFL player Ray Lewis was born in Bartow. It is the county seat of Polk County.


title: Bay Lake, Florida

paragraphs: Bay Lake is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Belle Glade, Florida

paragraphs: Belle Glade is a small city of Palm Beach County, Florida in the United States on the south shore of Lake Okeechobee. To the north of Belle Glade is another small city called Pahokee. In 2007 the number of people in Belle Glade was guessed to be around 16,739.


title: Dendrobates

paragraphs: Dendrobates is a genus of poison dart frogs which are protected by warning colouration. They are highly poisonous.

paragraphs: The yellow-banded poison dart frog, "Dendrobates leucomelas", is one of the most common species, found in the northern part of South America in Venezuela, Guyana and Brazil.


title: Belle Isle, Florida

paragraphs: Belle Isle is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Belleair Beach, Florida

paragraphs: Belleair Beach is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Belleview, Florida

paragraphs: Belleview is a city of Florida in the United States. The city had a population of 3,478 people in the 2000 census. In 2009, the city had a population about 4,500. It is part of the Ocala Metropolitan Statistical Area. The name Belleview means beautiful view. The name of the city came from one of the first settlers whose daughter was named “Belle”.


title: Blountstown, Florida

paragraphs: Blountstown is a city of Florida in the United States. It is the county seat of Calhoun County.


title: Boca Raton, Florida

paragraphs: Boca Raton is a city in Southern Palm Beach County, Florida. Boca Raton is has the second highest number of people in Palm Beach County. As of 2018, the city of Boca Raton had nearly 100,000 people living within the city. The southern end of the city borders Deerfield Beach in Broward County. The mayor of Boca Raton is Scott Singer.


title: Bonifay, Florida

paragraphs: Bonifay is the county seat of Holmes County, Florida in the United States.


title: Bonita Springs, Florida

paragraphs: Bonita Springs is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Bowling Green, Florida

paragraphs: Bowling Green is a city in Florida in the United States.


title: Boynton Beach, Florida

paragraphs: Boynton Beach is a city in Palm Beach County, Florida, United States. The population was 68,217 at the 2010 census. Boynton Beach was the second highest number of people in the county, with about 66,714 people. Boynton Beach was founded in 1920.


title: User Datagram Protocol

paragraphs: The User Datagram Protocol (UDP) is a core member of the Internet Protocol Suite, the set of network protocols used for the Internet. With UDP, computer applications can send messages, known as "datagrams", to other hosts on an Internet Protocol (IP) network without requiring other communications to set up special transmission channels or data paths. UDP is sometimes called the Universal Datagram Protocol. The protocol was designed by David P. Reed in 1980 and formally defined in RFC 768.

paragraphs: UDP applications use datagram sockets to establish host-to-host communications. Sockets bind the application to service ports that functions as the endpoints of data transmission. A port is a software structure that is identified by the port number, a 16 bit integer value, allowing for port numbers between 0 and 65,535. Port 0 is reserved, but is able to be used if the sending process does not expect messages in response.

paragraphs: Ports 1 through 1023 (hexadecimal 0x3FF) are named "well-known" ports and on Unix-like operating systems, binding to one of these ports requires superuser (root) access.

paragraphs: Ports 1024 through 49,151 (0xBFFF) are registered ports.

paragraphs: Ports 49,152 through 65,535 (0xFFFF) are used as temporary ports usually by clients when communicating to servers.

paragraphs: There are many uses for UDP, for example BitTorrent optionally uses it for peer-to-peer file sharing. The Teredo tunneling protocol uses UDP.


title: Bradenton, Florida

paragraphs: Bradenton is a city of Florida in the United States. It is the county seat of Manatee County.


title: Bradenton Beach, Florida

paragraphs: Bradenton Beach is a city in Florida in the United States.


title: Bristol, Florida

paragraphs: Bristol is a city of Liberty County in the state of Florida in the United States.


title: Brooksville, Florida

paragraphs: Brooksville is a city of Florida in the United States. It is the county seat of Hernando County.


title: Bunnell, Florida

paragraphs: Bunnell is a city in Flagler County, Florida in the United States.


title: Bushnell, Florida

paragraphs: Bushnell is a city in Sumter County, Florida, United States. The population was 2,050 at the 2000 census. According to the U.S Census estimates of 2005, the city had a population of 2,119. It is the county seat of Sumter County.


title: Callaway, Florida

paragraphs: Callaway is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Cape Canaveral, Florida

paragraphs: Cape Canaveral is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Cape Coral, Florida

paragraphs: Cape Coral is a city in Lee County, Florida in the United States. 154,305 people live in the city.


title: Carrabelle, Florida

paragraphs: Carrabelle is a city of Florida in the United States.

paragraphs: It is in the Florida county of Franklin. Franklin county is on the Gulf of Mexico. It is in the western part of the state. The Carrabelle river flows through Carrabelle. Carrabelle is at the end of the waterway that is called the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway. This waterway goes west to Texas.


title: Casselberry, Florida

paragraphs: Casselberry is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Cedar Key, Florida

paragraphs: Cedar Key is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Center Hill, Florida

paragraphs: Center Hill is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Chattahoochee, Florida

paragraphs: Chattahoochee is a city in Gadsden County, Florida in the United States.


title: Chiefland, Florida

paragraphs: Chiefland is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Chipley, Florida

paragraphs: Chipley is a city of Florida in the United States. It is the county seat of Washington County.


title: Clermont, Florida

paragraphs: Clermont is a city in Lake County, Florida in the United States. The city is famous for the Citrus Tower.


title: Clewiston, Florida

paragraphs: Clewiston is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Cocoa, Florida

paragraphs: Cocoa is a city of Florida in the United States. The city had a population of 17,041 at the 2010 census. The City was first settled by fishermen around 1860, who named it Indian River City. The name would eventually be changed to Cocoa.


title: Coconut Creek, Florida

paragraphs: Coconut Creek is a city of Florida in the United States. In 2012, 55,001 people lived there.


title: Coleman, Florida

paragraphs: Coleman is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Cooper City, Florida

paragraphs: Cooper City is a city of Florida in the United States. Greg Ross is mayor.


title: Coral Gables, Florida

paragraphs: Coral Gables is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Crescent City, Florida

paragraphs: Crescent City is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Crestview, Florida

paragraphs: Crestview is a city of Florida in the United States. It is the seat of Okaloosa County.


title: Crystal River, Florida

paragraphs: Crystal River is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Cutler Bay, Florida

paragraphs: Cutler Bay is a city of Florida in the United States. The area covers about 9.7 square miles. Before, people called it Cutler Ridge. In 2000, the city had a total population of 24,781.


title: Dade City, Florida

paragraphs: Dade City is a city of Florida in the United States. It is the county seat of Pasco County.


title: Dania Beach, Florida

paragraphs: Dania Beach is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Davenport, Florida

paragraphs: Davenport is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Daytona Beach, Florida

paragraphs: Daytona Beach is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Daytona Beach Shores, Florida

paragraphs: Daytona Beach Shores is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: DeBary, Florida

paragraphs: DeBary is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: DeFuniak Springs, Florida

paragraphs: DeFuniak Springs is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: DeLand, Florida

paragraphs: DeLand is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Deerfield Beach, Florida

paragraphs: Deerfield Beach is a city of Broward County, Florida in the United States.


title: Delray Beach, Florida

paragraphs: Delray Beach is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Deltona, Florida

paragraphs: Deltona is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Destin, Florida

paragraphs: Destin is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Doral, Florida

paragraphs: Doral is a city in north Miami-Dade County, Florida, United States. It is a suburb of Miami. The population was 39,011 at the 2010 U.S. Census. Doral is very close to Miami International Airport. This has encouraged local and big business, and the headquarters of many large companies are in Dorel, including Carnival Corporation, Amadeus North America and the Dutch airline Martinair.


title: Dunedin, Florida

paragraphs: Dunedin is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Dunnellon, Florida

paragraphs: Dunnellon is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Eagle Lake, Florida

paragraphs: Eagle Lake is a city of Polk County in the state of Florida, United States.


title: Edgewater, Volusia County, Florida

paragraphs: Edgewater, Volusia County is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Edgewood, Florida

paragraphs: Edgewood is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Englewood, Florida

paragraphs: Englewood is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Everglades, Florida

paragraphs: Everglades City is a city in Collier County, Florida. Near the bottom of Everglades is Everglades National Park.


title: Fanning Springs, Florida

paragraphs: Fanning Springs is a city of Florida in the United States. It is in Gilchrist and Levy counties.


title: Fellsmere, Florida

paragraphs: Fellsmere is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Fernandina Beach, Florida

paragraphs: Fernandina Beach is the county seat of Nassau County, Florida in the United States.


title: Flagler Beach, Florida

paragraphs: Flagler Beach is a city of Florida in the United States. It is in both Flagler and Volusia counties.


title: Florida City, Florida

paragraphs: Florida City is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Fort Lauderdale, Florida

paragraphs: Fort Lauderdale is a city in the state of Florida in the United States. It is 23 miles (37 km) north of Miami. As of 2010, the city of Fort Lauderdale had a population of 165,521.

paragraphs: The city is a popular tourist destination. It had 10.35 million visitors in 2006.

paragraphs: Despite not being below the Tropic of Cancer, Fort Lauderdale has a Tropical Rainforest (Af) Climate with a long hot year with no true dry season.


title: Fort Meade, Florida

paragraphs: Fort Meade is a city of Florida in the United States. In 2004, there were 5,761 people living there.


title: Fort Myers, Florida

paragraphs: Fort Myers is a city of Florida in the United States. It is the commercial center of Lee County, Florida.

paragraphs: On August 13, 2004, Fort Myers was hit hard by Hurricane Charley.


title: Fort Pierce, Florida

paragraphs: Fort Pierce is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Freeport, Florida

paragraphs: Freeport is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Frostproof, Florida

paragraphs: Frostproof is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Cache coherence

paragraphs: A cache can be used to improve the performance of accessing a given resource. When there are several such caches for the same resource, as shown in the picture, this can lead to problems. Cache coherence or Cache coherency refers to a number of ways to make sure all the caches of the resource have the same data, and that the data in the caches makes sense (called "data integrity"). Cache coherence is a special case of memory coherence.

paragraphs: There may be problems if there are many caches of a common memory resource, as data in the cache may no longer make sense, or one cache may no longer have the same data as the others. A common case where the problem occurs is the cache of CPUs in a multiprocessing system. As can be seen in the figure, if the top client has a copy of a memory block from a previous read and the bottom client changes that memory block, the top client could be left with an invalid cache of memory,without knowing. Cache coherence is there to manage such conflicts and maintain consistency between cache and memory.

paragraphs: Coherence defines the behavior of reads and writes to the same memory location. The caches are coherent, if all of the following conditions are met:

paragraphs: These conditions are defined supposing that the read and write operations are made instantaneously. However, this does not happen in computer hardware because of memory latency and other aspects of the architecture. A write by processor X may not be seen by a read from processor Y if the read is made within a very small time after the write has been made. The memory consistency model defines when a written value must be seen by a following read instruction made by the other processors.

paragraphs: Distributed shared memory systems mimic these mechanisms so that they can maintain consistency between blocks of memory in loosely coupled systems.

paragraphs: The two most common types of coherence that are typically studied are Snooping and Directory-based. Each has its own benefits and drawbacks. Snooping protocols tend to be faster, if enough bandwidth is available, since all transactions are a request/response seen by all processors. The drawback is that snooping is not scalable. Every request must be broadcast to all nodes in a system. As the system gets larger, the size of the (logical or physical) bus and the bandwidth it provides must grow. Directories, on the other hand, tend to have longer latencies (with a 3 hop request/forward/respond) but use much less bandwidth since messages are point to point and not broadcast. For this reason, many of the larger systems (>64 processors) use this type of cache coherence.


title: Fruitland Park, Florida

paragraphs: Fruitland Park is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Graceville, Florida

paragraphs: Graceville is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Green Cove Springs, Florida

paragraphs: Green Cove Springs is a city of Florida in the United States. It is the county seat of Clay County. As of 2010, the population recorded by the U.S. Census Bureau was 6,908.


title: Greenacres, Florida

paragraphs: Greenacres is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Gretna, Florida

paragraphs: Gretna is a city in Gadsden County, Florida in the United States.


title: Groveland, Florida

paragraphs: Groveland is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Gulf Breeze, Florida

paragraphs: Gulf Breeze is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Gulfport, Florida

paragraphs: Gulfport is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Hampton, Florida

paragraphs: Hampton is a city in Florida in the United States.


title: Hawthorne, Florida

paragraphs: Hawthorne is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Hialeah, Florida

paragraphs: Hialeah is a city of Florida in the United States.

paragraphs: Miami-Dade County Public Schools serves Hialeah. Two high schools serving the Hialeah community, Mater Academy Charter High School and Miami Lakes Educational Center, were named as "Silver" award winners in "U.S. News & World Report's" "Best High Schools 2008 Search".


title: Hialeah Gardens, Florida

paragraphs: Hialeah Gardens is a city of Florida in the United States. It is in Miami-Dade County.


title: High Springs, Florida

paragraphs: High Springs is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Holly Hill, Florida

paragraphs: Holly Hill is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Holmes Beach, Florida

paragraphs: Holmes Beach is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Homestead, Florida

paragraphs: Homestead is a city of southeastern Florida in the United States. It was devastated when Hurricane Andrew traveled over the area in August 1992.


title: Barry Marshall

paragraphs: Barry James Marshall, AC, FRS, FAA (born 30 September 1951) is an Australian doctor and winner of the 2005 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. He is Professor of Clinical Microbiology at the University of Western Australia. Marshall is well known for proving that bacteria "Helicobacter pylori" are the cause of most stomach ulcers. This changed years of medical belief which said that ulcers were caused by stress, spicy foods, and too much acid. He has recently taken a part-time position at the Pennsylvania State University.

paragraphs: Marshall was born in Kalgoorlie, Western Australia. He lived in Kalgoorlie and Carnarvon until moving to Perth at the age of seven. He went to high school at Newman College, Perth. At the University of Western Australia, medicine and surgery. He married his wife, Adrienne, in 1972. In 1972 he was also the Western Australian state yo-yo champion.

paragraphs: In 1979 Marshall became a Registrar in Medicine at the Royal Perth Hospital. At the hospital he met Robin Warren, a pathologist who was interested in gastritis. They were both training in internal medicine at Royal Perth Hospital in 1981. Together they looked at spiral bacteria in gastritis. In 1982 they grew a culture of "H. pylori". They worked on their idea that there was a bacterial cause of peptic ulcer and stomach cancer. Their idea was laughed at by scientists and doctors who did not believe that any bacteria could live in the acidic stomach. Marshall said that "Everyone was against me, but I knew I was right". Other doctors said they wouldn't believe it until the "H. pylori" idea could be proved.

paragraphs: Marshall and Warren tried to give the bacteria to piglets in 1984, but it did not work. Marshall drank some of the bacteria and soon developed gastritis with achlorhydria. He had stomach discomfort, nausea, vomiting and bad smelling breath. On the 14th day of the infection, biopsies of Marshall's stomach did not show any bacteria. His body may have got rid of the bacteria without help. His wife made him take antibiotics immediately so there was no way of checking the negative result again. He did not develop antibodies to H.pylori. This means that natural immunity can sometimes get rid of H.pylori infection. His illness and recovery, showed the link between "H. pylori" and gastritis, but not for peptic ulcer. This experiment was published in 1985 in the Medical Journal of Australia and is among the most cited articles from the journal.

paragraphs: After this work at Fremantle Hospital, Marshall did research at Royal Perth Hospital (1985-86) and at the University of Virginia, USA (1986-1996), before going back to Australia. He held a Burnet Fellowship at the University of Western Australia from 1998-2003. He is still looking at "H. pylori" and runs the H.pylori Research Laboratory at UWA.

paragraphs: In 2005, the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm gave the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine to Dr. Marshall and Dr. Warren for finding the bacterium "Helicobacter pylori" and its part in gastritis and peptic ulcer disease.

paragraphs: Marshall was given other awards including:

paragraphs: He was made a Companion of the Order of Australia in 2007.


title: Diglossia

paragraphs: Diglossia is when a group of people have two languages or dialects that they use. One is the common language they use every day, and the other is either a much older version from centuries before (for example, Arabic or Chinese) or a similar but clearly different modern-day version (for example, Norwegian with Bokmål and Nynorsk).


title: Mutual intelligibility

paragraphs: Mutual intelligibility is where the speakers of one language can understand another language because they are alike. This is sometimes (but not always) used to decide whether they are different languages or different dialects.

paragraphs: There are noticeable differences in accent, vocabulary, and spelling between British and General American English, but speakers can largely understand each other without serious problems. These dialects are therefore mutually intelligible.

paragraphs: Sometimes, even different languages can be mutually intelligible.Hindi and Urdu are called different languages, but speakers of both languages can largely understand each other if they are using everyday language. This is because the two languages used to be dialects of Hindustani, the official language of British India until India became independent. Since the two languages are so alike, they are sometimes called together as Hindi-Urdu.

paragraphs: Also, dialects of a certain language can sometimes be mutually unintelligible. Chinese, for example, has hundreds of different dialects, and many native speakers of those dialects cannot understand each other without knowing the other's dialect. For example, the local dialects of Beijing, Shanghai, and Hong Kong are Mandarin, Shanghainese/Wu Chinese, and Cantonese/Yue in that same order. If natives from each of these cities were to talk to each other in their native dialects, they would not understand each other. This is because they are too different from each other. This is why the governments of China and Taiwan want their citizens to speak Standard Mandarin in public so that there can be a spoken dialect of Chinese everyone can understand. While the spoken dialects are mutually unintelligible, they all use the same written code, Chinese characters, so they can understand each other if they write to each other.

paragraphs: These examples above show that the difference between language and dialect is often hard to define, even for linguists, or people who study languages as their job.

paragraphs: When a speaker of one language can understand what a speaker of another language is saying but not the other way around, it is called asymmetric intelligibility. An example of of this is Portuguese and Spanish. While Portuguese speakers say they can understand Spanish without major problems, Spanish speakers, on the other hand, have a very difficult time understanding Portuguese speakers. This situation is actually quite common across languages.


title: Indian Harbour Beach, Florida

paragraphs: Indian Harbour Beach is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Indian Rocks Beach, Florida

paragraphs: Indian Rocks Beach is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Inverness, Florida

paragraphs: Inverness is a city of Florida in the United States. It is the county seat of Citrus County


title: Islandia, Florida

paragraphs: Islandia is a (currently unincorporated) city of Florida in the United States.


title: Jacksonville Beach, Florida

paragraphs: Jacksonville Beach is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Jacob City, Florida

paragraphs: Jacob City is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Jasper, Florida

paragraphs: Jasper is the county seat of Hamilton County, Florida in the United States.


title: Key Colony Beach, Florida

paragraphs: Key Colony Beach is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Keystone Heights, Florida

paragraphs: Keystone Heights is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Kissimmee, Florida

paragraphs: Kissimmee is a city of Florida in the United States. It is the county seat of Osceola County.


title: La Belle, Florida

paragraphs: La Belle is a city of Florida in the United States. It is the county seat of Hendry County.


title: Lake Alfred, Florida

paragraphs: Lake Alfred is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Lake Buena Vista, Florida

paragraphs: Lake Buena Vista is a city in Orange County, Florida, United States. It is mostly known for being home to the Walt Disney World Resort. It is one of two Florida municipalities controlled by The Walt Disney Company. The other city is Bay Lake.

paragraphs: Lake Buena Vista is part of the Orlando–Kissimmee Metropolitan Statistical Area.

paragraphs: Lake Buena Vista is within Orange County Public Schools.


title: Lake Butler, Union County, Florida

paragraphs: Lake Butler, Union County is a city of Florida in the United States. Lake Butler is the county seat of Union County and is also the largest city in the county.


title: Lake City, Florida

paragraphs: Lake City is a city of Florida in the United States. It is the county seat of Columbia County.


title: Lake Helen, Florida

paragraphs: Lake Helen is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Lake Mary, Florida

paragraphs: Lake Mary is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Lake Wales, Florida

paragraphs: Lake Wales is a city in Polk County, Florida, United States. 10,194 lived there in the year 2000. As of 2004, the U.S. Census Bureau estimated that 11,802 live there . Lake Wales is in central Florida, west of Lake Kissimmee and east of Tampa.


title: Lake Worth, Florida

paragraphs: Lake Worth is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Lakeland, Florida

paragraphs: Lakeland is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Largo, Florida

paragraphs: Largo is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Lauderdale Lakes, Florida

paragraphs: Lauderdale Lakes is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Laurel Hill, Florida

paragraphs: Laurel Hill is a city of Florida in the United States. It was once one of the first English-speaking places in Florida.


title: Lawtey, Florida

paragraphs: Lawtey is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Layton, Florida

paragraphs: Layton is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Leesburg, Florida

paragraphs: Leesburg is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Lighthouse Point, Florida

paragraphs: Lighthouse Point is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Live Oak, Florida

paragraphs: Live Oak is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Longwood, Florida

paragraphs: Longwood is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Lynn Haven, Florida

paragraphs: Lynn Haven is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Macclenny, Florida

paragraphs: Macclenny is a city of Florida in the United States. It is the county seat of Baker County.


title: Madeira Beach, Florida

paragraphs: Madeira Beach is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Madison, Florida

paragraphs: Madison is a city of Florida in the United States. It is the county seat of Madison County.


title: Maitland, Florida

paragraphs: Maitland is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Marathon, Florida

paragraphs: Marathon is a city of Florida in the United States. It is on Knight's Key, Boot Key, Key Vaca, Fat Deer Key, Long Point Key, Crawl Key and Grassy Key islands in the middle Florida Keys, in Monroe County. As of the 2000 census, the city had a total population of 10,255. As of 2005, the population estimated by the U.S. Census Bureau is 10,626.

paragraphs: The name "Marathon" started with the building of the Florida East Coast Railroad. The railroad workers were working night and day to complete the railway. Many of the workers complained that "this [the project] is getting to be a real Marathon". Later, the railroad named the closest station along the railroad "Marathon".

paragraphs: The city has a total area of , of which is land and (10.37%) is water. The city limits extend 1200 feet from land into the adjacent waters.

paragraphs: Boot Key Harbor is a natural body of water between Boot Key and Key Vaca, entirely within the Marathon city limits.


title: Marco Island, Florida

paragraphs: Marco Island is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Margate, Florida

paragraphs: Margate is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Marianna, Florida

paragraphs: Marianna is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Mary Esther, Florida

paragraphs: Mary Esther is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Mascotte, Florida

paragraphs: Mascotte is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Melbourne, Florida

paragraphs: Melbourne is a city of Florida in the United States. The city is close to Atlantic Ocean. Melbourne is among many Atlantic coastal cities within Florida.


title: Mexico Beach, Florida

paragraphs: Mexico Beach is a city of Florida in the United States. Mexico beach was completely wiped out because of Hurricane Michael.


title: Miami Beach, Florida

paragraphs: Miami Beach is a city of Florida in the United States.

paragraphs: Miami Beach is as its name tells, a resort city with many beaches, hotels and restaurants. Many celebrities maintain homes in the city, especially in the South beach area. They go to night clubs at night and enjoy the great weather during the day. The city is also home to many Hispanics who come through neighboring Miami on their way to America. Also, a very large part of the population is Jewish and many of them are observant. They have built up their own infrastructure with schools, shuls and kosher restaurants. This has made the city draw many observant tourists.


title: Miami Gardens, Florida

paragraphs: Miami Gardens is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Miami Springs, Florida

paragraphs: Miami Springs is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Midway, Gadsden County, Florida

paragraphs: Midway is a city in Gadsden County, Florida in the United States.


title: Milton, Florida

paragraphs: Milton is a city of Florida in the United States. It is the county seat of Santa Rosa county.


title: Minneola, Florida

paragraphs: Minneola is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Miramar, Florida

paragraphs: Miramar is a city of Florida in the United States. The mayor of Miramar is Wayne Messam since 2015. As of the 2010 census, the population was 122,041.


title: Monticello, Florida

paragraphs: Monticello is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Moore Haven, Florida

paragraphs: Moore Haven is a city of Florida in the United States. It is the county seat of Glades County.


title: Mount Dora, Florida

paragraphs: Mount Dora is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Mulberry, Florida

paragraphs: Mulberry is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Naples, Florida

paragraphs: Naples is a city of Florida in the United States. It is the county seat of Collier County. Many famous people have homes here. It is known for white-sand beaches.


title: Neptune Beach, Florida

paragraphs: Neptune Beach is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: New Port Richey, Florida

paragraphs: New Port Richey is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: New Smyrna Beach, Florida

paragraphs: New Smyrna Beach is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Newberry, Florida

paragraphs: Newberry is a medium city of Florida in the United States.


title: Niceville, Florida

paragraphs: Niceville is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: North Bay Village, Florida

paragraphs: North Bay Village is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: North Lauderdale, Florida

paragraphs: North Lauderdale is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: North Miami, Florida

paragraphs: North Miami is a city of Florida in the United States. It is in Miami-Dade County. It was founded in 1926. Florida International University is located here.


title: North Miami Beach, Florida

paragraphs: North Miami Beach is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: North Port, Florida

paragraphs: North Port is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Oak Hill, Florida

paragraphs: Oak Hill is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Oakland, Florida

paragraphs: Oakland is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Oakland Park, Florida

paragraphs: Oakland Park is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Ocoee, Florida

paragraphs: Ocoee is a city of Florida in the United States. It is in Orange County.


title: Okeechobee, Florida

paragraphs: Okeechobee is a city of Florida in the United States. It is the county seat of Okeechobee County, Florida.


title: Oldsmar, Florida

paragraphs: Oldsmar is a city in Florida in the United States.


title: Opa-locka, Florida

paragraphs: Opa-locka is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Orange City, Florida

paragraphs: Orange City is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Ormond Beach, Florida

paragraphs: Ormond Beach is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Osteen, Florida

paragraphs: Osteen is an unincorporated community of Florida in the United States. It is in the southwestern part of Volusia County.


title: Oviedo, Florida

paragraphs: Oviedo is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Pahokee, Florida

paragraphs: Pahokee is a city of Florida in the United States and in Palm Beach County. Pahokee is on the shore of Lake Okeechobee. In 2007 6,617 people lived in Pahokee.


title: Palatka, Florida

paragraphs: Palatka is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Palm Bay, Florida

paragraphs: Palm Bay is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Palm Beach Gardens, Florida

paragraphs: Palm Beach Gardens is a city in Northeastern Palm Beach County, which is a county in Florida.


title: Palm Coast, Florida

paragraphs: Palm Coast is a city in Flagler County, Florida in the United States.


title: Palmetto, Florida

paragraphs: Palmetto is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Panama City, Florida

paragraphs: Panama City is a city in the US state of Florida. It is along U.S. Highway 98 in Bay County. It is the county seat of Bay County. 37,188 people live there.


title: Panama City Beach, Florida

paragraphs: Panama City Beach is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Parker, Florida

paragraphs: Parker is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Parkland, Florida

paragraphs: Parkland is a city in northern Broward County, Florida. As of the 2010 census, there were 23,962 people living there. Parkland is part of the Miami metropolitan area. It is known for its zoning laws which protect "park-like" character of the city.

paragraphs: Until the mid-1990s and early 2000s, there were no stores or traffic lights in Parkland.

paragraphs: Parkland is located at . According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of . Its land area is while it has (3.97%) of water.

paragraphs: The northern boundary of Parkland shares with the border between Broward and Palm Beach counties. West Boca Raton, an unincorporated area of Palm Beach County that extends west of Boca Raton's city limits and lies to the north. Coconut Creek lies to the east while Coral Springs lies to the south. Its west side shares the bounded with the Everglades.

paragraphs: As of 2010, there were 8,292 households, out of which 7.4% were vacant. In 2000, the city population was spread out with 35.1% under the age of 18, 4.3% from 18 to 24, 32.8% from 25 to 44, 24.0% from 45 to 64, and 3.8% who were 65 years of age or older.

paragraphs: According to a 2016 estimate, the average income for a household in the city was $131,340. It is estimated that average house value was $596,212.. Males had a median income of $103,942 while $81,425 was the average for females.

paragraphs: The per capita income for the city was $56,793.

paragraphs: Parkland elects a five-member City Commission. Elections are technically non-partisan. However, all five members are party-affiliated (4 Democrats and 1 Republican).


title: Pembroke Pines, Florida

paragraphs: Pembroke Pines is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Pensacola, Florida

paragraphs: Pensacola is a city of Florida in the United States. It is the county seat of Escambia County.

paragraphs: As of 2019, the population was estimated to be 52,975. Pensacola is the principal city of the Pensacola Metropolitan Area, which had an estimated 502,629 residents . Pensacola is one of the largest metropolitan areas in the Gulf Coast region, the largest between New Orleans and Tampa.


title: Perry, Florida

paragraphs: Perry is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Pinellas Park, Florida

paragraphs: Pinellas Park is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Plant City, Florida

paragraphs: Plant City is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Plantation, Florida

paragraphs: Plantation is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Pompano Beach, Florida

paragraphs: Pompano Beach is a city in Florida in the United States.


title: Port Orange, Florida

paragraphs: Port Orange is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Port Richey, Florida

paragraphs: Port Richey is a city in Florida, United States.


title: Port St. Joe, Florida

paragraphs: Port St. Joe is the county seat of Gulf County, Florida in the United States.


title: Port St. Lucie, Florida

paragraphs: Port St. Lucie is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Punta Gorda, Florida

paragraphs: Punta Gorda is a city of Florida in the United States. It is the county seat of Charlotte County.


title: Quincy, Florida

paragraphs: Quincy is a city in Gadsden County, Florida in the United States.


title: Riviera Beach, Florida

paragraphs: Riviera Beach is a city of Florida in the United States. It is in Palm Beach County. It is home to the Port of Palm Beach and a United States Coast Guard station.


title: Rockledge, Florida

paragraphs: Rockledge is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Safety Harbor, Florida

paragraphs: Safety Harbor is a city in Pinellas County, Florida, in the United States. About 17,200 people were living in Safety Harbor in the year 2000.


title: San Antonio, Florida

paragraphs: San Antonio is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Sanford, Florida

paragraphs: Sanford is a city of Florida in the United States. It is the county seat of Seminole County.


title: Sanibel, Florida

paragraphs: Sanibel is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Satellite Beach, Florida

paragraphs: Satellite Beach is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Sebastian, Florida

paragraphs: Sebastian is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Sebring, Florida

paragraphs: Sebring is a city of Florida in the United States. It is the county seat of Highlands County.


title: Seminole, Florida

paragraphs: Seminole is a city in the U.S. state of Florida.


title: Sopchoppy, Florida

paragraphs: Sopchoppy is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: South Bay, Florida

paragraphs: South Bay is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: South Daytona, Florida

paragraphs: South Daytona is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: South Miami, Florida

paragraphs: South Miami is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: South Pasadena, Florida

paragraphs: South Pasadena is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Springfield, Florida

paragraphs: Springfield is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: St. Augustine Beach, Florida

paragraphs: St. Augustine Beach is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: St. Cloud, Florida

paragraphs: St. Cloud is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: St. Marks, Florida

paragraphs: St. Marks is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: St. Pete Beach, Florida

paragraphs: St. Pete Beach is a city in Florida in the United States.


title: Starke, Florida

paragraphs: Starke is a city of Florida in the United States. It is the county seat of Bradford County.


title: Sunny Isles Beach, Florida

paragraphs: Sunny Isles Beach is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Sunrise, Florida

paragraphs: Sunrise is a city in Florida in the United States.


title: Sweetwater, Florida

paragraphs: Sweetwater is a city of Florida in the United States.

paragraphs: During the 1920s, the Miami-Pittsburgh Land Company bought land near Miami. They planned to build "Sweetwater Groves." In 1926, a category 4 hurricane, (the Great Miami Hurricane), struck the area. Between the hurricane and problems with real estate value at the time, this construction never happened.

paragraphs: In 1938, Clyde Andrews bought most of the "Sweetwater Groves" land and began to sell it for homes. A group of Russian midgets were some of the people who bought the land. They were looking for a place to retire after their career in the circus. They built several homes on the land. These homes were not built for people of normal height. The homes were built smaller than normal so that the group would be comfortable living in them. This caused Sweetwater to be called the "midget" community for many years. Sweetwater became incorporated in 1941. . The first mayor of the town was the manager of the group of midgets. The town grew to a population of about 500 people by 1959. In 1970, Sweetwater was still a small town. It's population was about 3000.

paragraphs: During the 1970s, Sweetwater began to grow quickly. In 1972, Florida International University began teaching students at its campus just south of the town. Two large highways were being built in the area. One north of the town and the other to the west of it. The area also got noticed by the Dade County Hispanic community. All of this caused the population of Sweetwater to double. The town had the largest growth of all cities in Dade County during the 1970s.

paragraphs: The City's population is currently over 14,200 people. Ninety-three percent of the population is of Hispanic origin.


title: Tamarac, Florida

paragraphs: Tamarac is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Tarpon Springs, Florida

paragraphs: Tarpon Springs is a city of Florida in the United States. The population was 23,484 at the 2010 census.


title: Tavares, Florida

paragraphs: Tavares is a city of Florida in the United States. It is the county seat of Lake County.


title: Temple Terrace, Florida

paragraphs: Temple Terrace is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Titusville, Florida

paragraphs: Titusville is a city of Florida in the United States. It is the county seat of Brevard County.

paragraphs: The mayor is Jim Tulley. The city was founded in 1867.

paragraphs: Henry T. Titus founded Titusville in 1867. It was almost called Riceville, but Henry challenged a man named Clark Rice to decide the name. Titus won and it was named Titusville.


title: Treasure Island, Florida

paragraphs: Treasure Island is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Trenton, Florida

paragraphs: Trenton is a city of Florida in the United States. It is the county seat of Gilchrist County


title: Umatilla, Florida

paragraphs: Umatilla is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Valparaiso, Florida

paragraphs: Valparaiso is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Venice, Florida

paragraphs: Venice is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Vernon, Florida

paragraphs: Vernon is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Vero Beach, Florida

paragraphs: Vero Beach is a city of Florida in the United States. It is the county seat of Indian River County.


title: Waldo, Florida

paragraphs: Waldo is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Wauchula, Florida

paragraphs: Wauchula is a city of Florida in the United States. It is the county seat of Hardee County


title: Webster, Florida

paragraphs: Webster is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Weeki Wachee, Florida

paragraphs: Weeki Wachee is a city in Florida in the United States.


title: West Melbourne, Florida

paragraphs: West Melbourne is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: West Miami, Florida

paragraphs: West Miami is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: West Palm Beach, Florida

paragraphs: West Palm Beach is a city of Florida in the United States. West Palm Beach is the county seat of Palm Beach County, Florida. As of 2015, the population of West Palm beach was 106,779.

paragraphs: The city was founded by Henry Flagler as a community to house the servants working in the two grand hotels on the neighboring island of Palm Beach, across Lake Worth. The original spelling was "Westpalmbeach", but it was feared that the 13-letter word would be a bad omen for the new community. On November 5, 1894, 78 people met at the "Calaboose" (the first jail and police station located at Clematis St. and Poinsettia, now Dixie Hwy.) and passed the motion to incorporate the Town of West Palm Beach in what was then Dade County (now Miami-Dade County). This made West Palm Beach the oldest incorporated municipality in the county and in South Florida. The town council quickly addressed the building codes and the tents and shanties were replaced by brick, brick veneer, and stone buildings. The city grew rapidly in the 1920s as part of the Florida land boom. Many of the city's landmark structures and old neighborhoods were built during this period.

paragraphs: Originally, Flagler intended for his Florida East Coast Railway to end in West Palm but after the area experienced a deep freeze, he chose to extend the railroad to Miami instead.

paragraphs: In the 1960s, Palm Beach County's first enclosed shopping mall, the Palm Beach Mall, and an indoor arena were completed. They led to a short revival for the city, but crime continued to be a serious problem and by the early 1990s there were not many people living or working in downtown. Since the 1990s, developments such as CityPlace and renovation of 1920s architecture on Clematis Street have brought people back to downtown for the entertainment and shopping district.


title: West Park, Florida

paragraphs: West Park is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Weston, Florida

paragraphs: Weston is a city in Florida in the United States. It is in Broward County.


title: Wewahitchka, Florida

paragraphs: Wewahitchka is a city in Gulf County, Florida in the United States.


title: Wildwood, Florida

paragraphs: Wildwood is a city in Sumter County, Florida, United States. The population was 3,924 at the 2000 census. According to the U.S. Census Bureau's 2004 estimates, the city had a population of 3,598.


title: Williston, Florida

paragraphs: Williston is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Wilton Manors, Florida

paragraphs: Wilton Manors is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Winter Garden, Florida

paragraphs: Winter Garden is a city of Orange County in the state of Florida, United States.


title: Winter Haven, Florida

paragraphs: Winter Haven is a city of Florida in the United States.


title: Winter Park, Florida

paragraphs: Winter Park is a city of Florida in the United States. It is known for its Theme parks.


title: Zephyrhills, Florida

paragraphs: Zephyrhills is a city of Florida in the United States. It is known for the bottled water brand, Zephyrhills.


title: George Foreman

paragraphs: George Edward Foreman (January 5, 1949) is an American two-time World Heavyweight Boxing Champion and entrepreneur. He was born in Marshall, Texas, and grew up in Fifth Ward, Houston.

paragraphs: He became the oldest man ever to win a major heavyweight title when, at 45, he knocked out 26-year-old Michael Moorer in the 10th round. He is still the oldest person to do that and has been named one of the 25 greatest fighters of all time by "Ring Magazine". Nicknamed "Big George", he is now a successful businessman and an ordained Christian minister.

paragraphs: Foreman has ten children, and each of his five sons is named George: George Jr., George III, George IV, George V, and George VI. They are also known by the nicknames "Monk", "Red", "Joe" "Big Wheel" and "Little George". His five daughters are Michi, Georgetta, Freda George, Natalie, and Leola. He also has two adopted daughters.

paragraphs: Late in the 20th century he gave his name to the electric George Foreman Grills. They cook food and allow the fat to drain off into a bowl, making the food less fatty.


title: SIMATIC

paragraphs: SIMATIC is the name of an automation system which was developed by the German company Siemens. The automation system controls machines used for industrial production. This system makes it possible for machines to run automatically. Depending on the needed function of the machine you have to upload the right program on your Simatic unit. This unit is kept in a control cabinet near the machine.

paragraphs: Simatic is similar to a digital computer which can store and run programs. The Simatic also has some inputs and outputs. The running program on the Simatic controls these inputs and outputs. Both are connected by electrical wires with the machine. That makes a communication between the Simatic and any machine possible. As the case may be the inputs and outputs are set on a “High” signal or on a “Low” signal by the program. These are different electrical definitions. Finally these signals are important if an action in the machine happens or not.

paragraphs: Example for different signals at the output to a motor:

paragraphs: Example for different signals at the input coming from a thermometer in the machine:

paragraphs: There are basically two ways of communication:

paragraphs: In the machine, there are sensors. A sensor gives information about different situations in the machine. For example, how fast the motor rotates, what the temperature is or when the current action is completed. All this information is necessary for the program. The sensors give out an electrical signal, each signal goes by wire on an input of the Simatic unit. So the program knows what´s going on in the machine. This is very important, because now the program can perform the next correct step in its sequence. For example, if the temperature of the motor is too high, the program has to know it. Now the program will switch off the motor.

paragraphs: In the machine, there are actuators. They cause a wanted motion, action or forming. Examples for actuators are a motor, a heater or a light. If the program says that it´s time to switch on the light in the machine, the right output of the Simatic unit will be set. That means that an electrical signal at the output goes by wire to the machine and switches on the light.

paragraphs: The name Simatic is a registered trademark of the company Siemens, since 1958. Simatic connects “Siemens” and “Automatic” in one word.

paragraphs: Siemens developed four different product lines so far:

paragraphs: Every automation system needs a program to control a machine. To create a program you need a software. Siemens created their own software for their products.


title: Lect

paragraphs:
A lect is a specific form of language.
Some examples of lects:


title: Register (linguistics)

paragraphs: A register, in linguistics, is the way people use different words, spelling or grammar—talk or write differently—to different people, in different situations. They might be more polite to strangers, for example. Or they will be more respectful to their boss at work.

paragraphs: This chart shows the words or phrases that one would use depending on different registers:


title: Stratum (linguistics)

paragraphs: In linguistics, a stratum, or strate, is a language that changes another language or is changed by another language.

paragraphs: A substratum is the language which is changed, and a superstratum is the language that changes it. An adstatrum is two languages changing each other at the same time.


title: Language transfer

paragraphs: Language transfer is where a person uses their knowledge of one language when they learn another one. This can help them, but it can also confuse them.


title: Code-switching

paragraphs: Code-switching is when a person mixes more than one language or lect when they talk.


title: Multialphabetism

paragraphs: Multialphabetism more than one alphabet being used and can be for different reasons:


title: Romanization of Japanese

paragraphs: Japanese uses the Roman alphabet as well as kanji, hiragana, and katakana. It is often used to put Japanese words on a computer.

paragraphs: When Romanized text is used for Japanese words, this is called "romaji".

paragraphs: This chart shows in full the three main systems for the romanization of Japanese: Hepburn, Nihon-shiki and Kunrei-shiki:

paragraphs: This chart shows the differences which can be clearly seen among them.


title: Language attrition

paragraphs: Language attrition forgeting all or part of someone's own language.


title: Language death

paragraphs: Language death is a when language is no longer being used as a first language (also called mother language or native language) or a second language and so it becomes an extinct language. It should not be confused with a dead language, such as Latin, which still is still spoken as a second language.

paragraphs: Language revival, a dead language becoming a living language again, has only one widely-known example, Hebrew.


title: Modern language

paragraphs: A modern language is a language which is spoken today. It is the opposite of an extinct language. The official languages of countries are modern languages.


title: FreeOTFE

paragraphs: FreeOTFE is a free, open source, computer program used to automatically encrypt and decrypt information stored on a hard disk.

paragraphs: FreeOTFE was originally written for Microsoft Windows and was later copied to Windows Mobile (FreeOTFE4PDA).

paragraphs: It can encrypt information using a large number algorithms including AES (aka Rijndael), Blowfish, CAST6, MARS, RC6, Serpent and Twofish.

paragraphs: Sarah Dean is the developer of FreeOTFE.


title: Natural language

paragraphs: A natural language is the kind which we use in everyday conversation and writing. For example English, Hindi, Chinese. Natural languages are always very flexible, and people speak them in slightly different ways.

paragraphs: There are some natural languages which are simplified, such as Basic English and Special English.

paragraphs: An artificial language is quite different, as it is built for some special purpose. They are always very precise, and must be used according to pre-set rules. Symbolic logic, mathematics, programming languages.


title: Windows Mobile

paragraphs: Windows Mobile is a discontinued operating system that came with basic applications for mobile devices.

paragraphs: It is designed to look like desktop versions of Microsoft Windows.

paragraphs: The first version was Pocket PC 2000, released in April 2000. It was based on the kernel of Windows CE 3.0 (Handheld PC 2000). Then came Pocket PC 2002, released about two weeks before Windows XP. It was similar to 2000, having full compatibility with Windows CE. Windows Mobile 2003, released in April 2003, was the first version called Windows Mobile. It was software-compatible with Windows

paragraphs: Windows Mobile 5 was released around July/August 2005. It was similar to WM2003, except for a few new additions.

paragraphs: Windows Mobile 6.0 was released in February 2007 and had a kernel powered by Windows CE 6.x.

paragraphs: 6.1 in 2008 was much the same, and 6.5, released in 2009/2010, was the last version.

paragraphs: It was discontinued in March 2010 and replaced by Windows Phone.

paragraphs: Microsoft ended sale of Windows Mobile devices on June 13, 2010 and ended all support of it on August 21, 2010.

paragraphs: Two months later, Windows Phone was released.


title: Shoot (professional wrestling)

paragraphs: A Shoot is something in professional wrestling that is completely real and is not scripted. In other words, broken kayfabe. A shoot rarely happens.

paragraphs: On the scripted level, a Worked shoot is a scripted segment that takes place in a show with elements of reality being exposed, such as an off-screen incident between wrestlers being used as fuel for an on-screen rivalry between them. It can also be a segment that fans are meant to believe is a shoot, but is not.


title: Proto-World language

paragraphs: A Proto-World language is a possible proto-language that all other languages came from.


title: Sustainable biofuels

paragraphs: Biofuels are fuels from plant materials. They offer the prospect of oil price moderation. Some biofuels can supply sustainable energy. Responsible development of biofuels will help economic prospects in Africa, Latin America and Asia.

paragraphs: There are many biofuel options which are available. Biofuels, such as ethanol and biodiesel, are currently produced from the products of conventional food crops such as the starch, sugar and oil feedstocks from crops that include wheat, maize, sugar cane, palm oil and oilseed rape. Any major switch to biofuels from such crops would create a direct competition with their use for food and animal feed, and in some parts of the world we are already seeing the economic consequences of such competition.

paragraphs: Second generation biofuels are now being produced from the cellulose in dedicated energy crops (perennial grasses such as switchgrass and Miscanthus giganteus), forestry materials, the co-products from food production, and domestic vegetable waste. Advances in the conversion processes will improve the sustainability of biofuels, through better efficiencies and reduced environmental impact of producing biofuels, from both existing food crops and from cellulosic sources.

paragraphs: Lord Ron Oxburgh suggests that responsible production of biofuels has several trade-offs:

paragraphs: Produced responsibly they are a sustainable energy source that need not divert any land from growing food nor damage the environment; they can also help solve the problems of the waste generated by Western society; and they can create jobs for the poor where previously were none. Produced irresponsibly, they at best offer no climate benefit and, at worst, have detrimental social and environmental consequences. In other words, biofuels are pretty much like any other product.

paragraphs: According to the Rocky Mountain Institute, sound biofuel production practices would not hamper food and fibre production, nor cause water or environmental problems, and would enhance soil fertility. The selection of land on which to grow the feedstocks is a critical component of the ability of biofuels to deliver sustainable solutions. A key consideration is the minimization of biofuel competition for prime cropland.

paragraphs: Crops like Jatropha, used for biodiesel, can thrive on marginal agricultural land where many trees and crops will not grow, or would produce only slow growth yields. Jatropha cultivation provides benefits for local communities:

paragraphs: Cultivation and fruit picking by hand is labour-intensive and needs around one person per hectare. In parts of rural India and Africa this provides much-needed jobs - about 200,000 people worldwide now find employment through jatropha. Moreover, villagers often find that they can grow other crops in the shade of the trees. Their communities will avoid importing expensive diesel and there will be some for export too.

paragraphs: Cambodia has no proven fossil fuel reserves, and is almost completely dependent on imported diesel fuel for electricity production. Consequently, Cambodians face an insecure supply and pay some of the highest energy prices in the world. The impacts of this are widespread and may hinder economic development.

paragraphs: Biofuels may provide a substitute for diesel fuel that can be manufactured locally for a lower price, independent of the international oil price. The local production and use of biofuel also offers other benefits such as improved energy security, rural development opportunities and environmental benefits. The Jatropha curcas species appears to be a particularly suitable source of biofuel as it already grows commonly in Cambodia. Local sustainable production of biofuel in Cambodia, based on the Jatropha or other sources, offers good potential benefits for the investors, the economy, rural communities and the environment.

paragraphs: Sweet sorghum overcomes many of the shortcomings of other biofuel crops. With sweet sorghum, only the stalks are used for biofuel production, while the grain is saved for food or livestock feed. It is not in high demand in the global food market, and thus has little impact on food prices and food security. Sweet sorghum is grown on already-farmed drylands that are low in carbon storage capacity, so concerns about the clearing of rainforest do not apply. Sweet sorghum is easier and cheaper to grow than other biofuel crops in India and does not require irrigation, an important consideration in dry areas.

paragraphs: Public attitudes and the actions of stakeholders can play a crucial role in realising the potential of biofuels. Informed discussion and dialogue, based

paragraphs: both on the scientific case and an understanding of public and stakeholder views, is important.

paragraphs: The Roundtable on Sustainable Biofuels is an international initiative which brings together farmers, companies, governments, non-governmental organizations, and scientists who are interested in the sustainability of biofuels production and distribution. During 2008, the Roundtable developed a series of principles and criteria for sustainable biofuels production through meetings, teleconferences, and online discussions.

paragraphs: The Roundtable for Sustainable Biofuels released “Version Zero” of its proposed standards for sustainable biofuels on August 13, 2008. This includes a dozen principles, each with several criteria developing the principle further.

paragraphs: The Sustainable Biofuels Consensus is an international initiative which calls upon governments, the private sector, and other stakeholders to take concerted, collaborative and coordinated action to ensure the sustainable trade, use and production of biofuels. In this way biofuels may play a key role in the transformation of the energy sector, climate stabilization and resulting worldwide renaissance of rural areas, all of which are urgently needed.

paragraphs: The Sustainable Biofuels Consensus envisions a landscape that provides food, fodder, fiber, and energy, which offers opportunities for rural development; that diversifies energy supply, restores ecosystems, protects biodiversity, and sequesters carbon.

paragraphs: Biofuels offer the prospect of real market competition and oil price moderation. According to the Wall Street Journal, crude oil would be trading 15 per cent higher and gasoline would be as much as 25 per cent more expensive, if it were not for biofuels. A healthy supply of alternative energy sources will help to combat gasoline price spikes.

paragraphs: Biofuels have a limited ability to replace fossil fuels and should not be regarded as a ‘silver bullet’ to deal with transport emissions. Biofuels on their own cannot deliver a sustainable transport system and so must be developed as part of an integrated approach,

paragraphs: which promotes other renewable energy options and energy efficiency, as well as moderating the overall demand and need for transport. The development of hybrid and fuel cell vehicles, public transport, and better urban and rural planning all need to be considered.


title: Montreal Screwjob

paragraphs: The Montreal Screwjob is the real-life screwjob of then WWF superstar Bret Hart. The screwjob occurred in a match for the WWF Championship at "Survivor Series" in 1997 in Montreal, Quebec. The screwjob happened when Hart's opponent, Shawn Michaels, applied Hart's own finishing move, the Sharp Shooter and then WWF Referee Earl Hebner called for the bell under Vince McMahon's order even though Hart had not submitted (or tapped-out). As a result, Michaels became the WWF Champion. McMahon was the one who started the plans for the screwjob when Hart announced he was leaving the WWF for the companies then biggest competitor, World Championship Wrestling (WCW) and refused to lose the title in front of his fellow Canadians to Michaels. The original, scripted plan was for Hart to win at Survivor Series and surrender the title the next night on "Raw". McMahon felt he did not need another "Alundra Blayze incident" so he instituted the screwjob. On the January 4, 2010 episode of Raw, he reconciled with Michaels by shaking his hand and hugging in the ring.


title: Animism

paragraphs: Animism is a belief common in many different religions and philosophies. It is the belief that there are spiritual beings in animals and plants. Many animistic religions also believe that acts of nature, for example - the wind and rain, and geographic features, for example - mountains and rivers, have spirits in them.


title: Proto-language

paragraphs: A proto-language is a language that all languages in a language family came from.


title: WrestleMania X-Seven

paragraphs: WrestleMania X-Seven was the seventeenth yearly WrestleMania professional wrestling pay-per-view made by the World Wrestling Federation (WWF). It happened on April 1, 2001 at the Reliant Astrodome in Houston, Texas. The event was the first WrestleMania held in the state of Texas. The amount of people who went to the event broke the record for total number of people attending at the Reliant Astrodome. The total number of people was counted at of 67,925. It resulted in total receipt of $3.5 million. The event is often cited as the end of The Attitude Era.

paragraphs: The main event was a No Disqualification match between Steve Austin and The Rock for the WWF Championship. During the match, Austin turned heel after he told Vince McMahon, a man that he had called his nemesis, to give him a chair. Austin hit The Rock with sixteen chair shots, which lead to Austin pinning The Rock and becoming the new WWF Champion. The PPV ended with Austin and McMahon shaking hands and sharing beers.

paragraphs: The main matches on the undercard featured Triple H vs. The Undertaker, the second Tables, Ladders, and Chairs match for the WWF Tag Team Championship, and Vince McMahon versus Shane McMahon in a Street Fight.


title: Central Florida

paragraphs: Central Florida is the central region of the United States state of Florida, on the East Coast. The region enjoys a hot but stormy climate, with many thunderstorms, and hurricanes threatening often.

paragraphs: The exact boundary of the area may be in dispute. Central Florida tends to be thought of as the area around metropolitan Orlando, including Orange, Osceola, Seminole, Lake, Brevard, and Volusia counties. Polk, Flagler, and Sumter counties are considered by some, including the local media, to be part of Central Florida. Although geographically in the central part of the state, usually the west central coast, including Hillsborough, Pinellas, Pasco, and Hernando counties, is considered the Tampa Bay area or the Suncoast, rather than a part of Central Florida. This area is known as the I-4 corridor.

paragraphs: In 2007, the guessed total population of the Central Florida area was just over 3.8 million people. Central Florida is a mix of deep south and typical Floridian culture. This is what makes the area unique.

paragraphs: The largest cities in Central Florida are Orlando, Palm Bay, Lakeland, Melbourne, Deltona, Daytona Beach, Kissimmee, Altamonte Springs and Sanford.

paragraphs: The region has grown over the last two decades. A lack of growth management has led to massive urban sprawl in the area. Outdated and unplanned building has led to an overload of vehicle traffic. Local governments, in dispute with each other over growth, have now started taking a more regional approach and several transportation programs.


title: Emil Adolf von Behring

paragraphs: Emil Adolf von Behring (March 15, 1854 - March 31, 1917) was a German doctor. He won the 1901 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, for making a serum to stop people getting the disease diphtheria


title: Ronald Ross

paragraphs: Ronald Ross (13 May 1857 – 16 September 1932) was an English doctor. He won the 1902 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, for work on malaria transmitting by "anopheles" mosquitos.


title: Niels Ryberg Finsen

paragraphs: Niels Ryberg Finsen (December 15, 1860 – September 24, 1904) was an Danish doctor. He won the 1903 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, for treating lupus vulgaris (tuberculosis of the skin), with light radiation.


title: Robert Koch

paragraphs: Robert Koch (11 December 1843 - 27 May 1910) was a German doctor. He won the 1905 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, for studying tuberculosis.

paragraphs: The Royal Prussian Institute for Infectious Disease started in 1891, is now called the Robert Koch Institute.

paragraphs: Koch developed a system to check whether a microorganism caused a disease. The system was four questions, known as Koch's postulate.

paragraphs: The postulates are still useful. Many variations have been developed.


title: Kanata, Ontario

paragraphs: Kanata is a large suburban area in the western part of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. It has a population of 90,000 and is growing very fast. It is just west of the Greenbelt. It is an important area for Hi-tech Businesses. It was an independent town from 1978 to 2000.

paragraphs: Kanata was originally part of the Township of March. It was settled by Europeans in the early 19th Century. It was mainly agricultural(Farms) until the 1960s when it became the site of a lot of construction. Modern Kanata is largely the creation of Bill Teron, a developer and urban planner who purchased over 3,000 acres (12 km2) of rural land and set about building a model community. It was planned to have a mix of offices, residential(Housing) area, and green area. Kanata was divided into a number of communities. Each was intended to have its own Business Center and unique culture. These include Beaverbrook, Glen Cairn, Bridlewood, Katimavik, Hazeldean, Morgan's Grant, and Kanata Lakes.

paragraphs: Kanata grew Rapidly. In 1978 the Province of Ontario made Kanata a city separate from the Township of March. Kanata remained a city intil 2001 when it was merged with the city of Ottawa, along with many other cities.

paragraphs: The city became an important hi-tech centre. DEC was one of the pioneer technology companies in Kanata. The DEC campus has been successively Digital, Compaq, and is now HP. Kanata remains home to many of the major hi-tech employers of Ottawa, such as Mitel, March Networks, Alcatel-Lucent, Dell Canada, Hewlett-Packard, Smart Technologies, Norpak, Nortel, MDS Nordion, Breconridge, AMCC, and Cisco Systems, Inc.. The hi-tech industry is clustered along March Road, in the Kanata North Business Park and Kanata Research Park, and along Eagleson Road, in the Kanata South Business Park.

paragraphs: Kanata is in the Ottawa Valley. It is about 22 km southwest of Downtown Ottawa. It is along the Highway 417. The northern end of Kanata is west of the Ottawa River.

paragraphs: To the east, Kanata is separated from the former City of Nepean by the National Capital Commission's Greenbelt (Ottawa). The community of Bells Corners borders the inner side of the Greenbelt. Bells Corners is, like Kanata, a hi-tech suburb that was established around 1950.

paragraphs: To the west of Kanata is Stittsville, Ontario. Stittsville first a farming community, then a village, then part of the township of Goulbourn. Stittsville is now a large suburb which was merged into the new City of Ottawa in 2001, and is largely employed by the hi-tech industry.

paragraphs: To the south of Kanata is the former village of Richmond, Ontario which pre-dated what is now the City of Ottawa.

paragraphs: French Immersion Catholic Schools: École elementaire publique Kanata


title: Camillo Golgi

paragraphs: Camillo Golgi (7 July 1843 – 21 January 1926) was an Italian doctor. He shared the 1906 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Santiago Ramón y Cajal for their work on the parts of the nervous system.


title: Santiago Ramón y Cajal

paragraphs: Santiago Ramón y Cajal 1 May 1852 18 October 1934) was a Spanish doctor. He shared the 1906 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Camillo Golgi for their work on the anatomy of the nervous system.

paragraphs: Ramón y Cajal worked on thin slices of brain tissue which were laid on microscope slides and stained with silver. The stain was invented by Golgi, who shared the Nobel Prize with him.

paragraphs: Ramón y Cajal's investigations of the microscopic structure of the brain were original: he is considered by many to be the father of modern neuroscience. He was skilled at drawing, and hundreds of his illustrations of brain cells are still used for educational purposes today.


title: Robert Douglas (footballer)

paragraphs: Robert James "Rab" Douglas (born 24 April 1972 in Lanark) is a Scottish footballer. He currently plays at Dundee F.C.


title: Alphonse Laveran

paragraphs: Alphonse Laveran (Charles Louis Alphonse Laveran, 18 June 1845 18 May 1922) was a French military doctor. He won the 1907 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, for his work on the way protozoa can cause disease.


title: Galliformes

paragraphs: Galliformes are an order of birds containing turkeys, grouse, chickens, quails, and pheasants. More than 250 living species are found worldwide. Usually, birds belonging to Galliformes order have 4 toes. Three long toes in the front to dig and scratch and one short toe behind.


title: Phasianidae

paragraphs: The Phasianidae is a family of birds which includes the pheasants, partridges, grouse, junglefowl (including chicken). These are terrestrial species, variable in size but generally plump, with broad relatively short wings. Many have a spur on their legs.

paragraphs: Males of the larger species are often brightly coloured. The typical diet is seeds with some insects and berries.


title: Sum 41 discography

paragraphs: This is the complete discography of the Canadian Punk rock band Sum 41.


title: Ilya Mechnikov

paragraphs: Ilya Ilyich Mechnikov (16 May 1845 – 16 July 1916) was a Ukrainian-Russian zoologist of (partly) Jewish descent (his mother was Jewish). He won the 1908 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, with Paul Ehrlich, for finding out how immunity fights disease.

paragraphs: Mechnikov was a protozoologist who became better known for the discovery of macrophages in 1882. He discovered how they dealt with germs by phagocytosis. Macrophages are found in virtually all tissues, and patrol for potential pathogens by amoeboid movement.

paragraphs: He is also credited with coining the term gerontology in 1903, for the emerging study of ageing and longevity.

paragraphs: He was born in Kharkov (now Kharkiv), Russian Empire (now Ukraine)


title: Paul Ehrlich

paragraphs: Paul Ehrlich (14 March 1854 – 20 August 1915) was a German doctor of Jewish descent. He won the 1908 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, with Ilya Mechnikov, for finding out how immunity fights disease.

paragraphs: Ehrlich directed a research program which discovered the first treatment for syphilis which worked. It was a compound of arsenic which went by the trade name of "Salvarsan". He studied trypanosomiasis and other protozoal diseases. He produced trypan red, which was (as his Japanese assistant Shiga showed) effective against trypanosomes.

paragraphs: He invented a staining system for bacteria (before Gram staining). He did a complete survey of all the cell staining techniques then known. He showed how to tell the difference between different kinds of white blood cells, and discovered mast cells. He discovered that methylene blue, which stains bacteria and cell nuclei, could put the malarial parasite, "Plasmodium", into recession (the fever drops).

paragraphs: He also made a decisive contribution to an antiserum against diphtheria, and developed a method for standardizing therapeutic serums. His co-worker got a sole Nobel Prize for the joint work on diphtheria.


title: Aberdeen, Idaho

paragraphs: Aberdeen is a city in the state of Idaho in the United States. It is in Bingham County. In 2010, there were 1,994 people living there.

paragraphs: The United States Census Bureau says that the city is . All of this is land. There are no rivers, lakes, or other kinds of standing water in Aberdeen.

paragraphs: The city is at (42.943405, -112.839322). It has an elevation (height) of above sea level.

paragraphs: In the 2000 United States Census, there were 1,840 people living in Aberdeen. They made up 603 households and 435 families. The population density was 1,807.9 people per square mile (696.5 people/km²). The people of Aberdeen were 66.30% white, 0.11% black or African-American, 0.71% Native American, 0.33% Asian, 0.05% Pacific Islander, 28.91% other races, and 3.59% were two or more races. 39.29% of the people said they were Hispanic or Latino.

paragraphs: In 2010, there were 1,994 people living in Aberdeen. These people were 43.0% white, 0.1% black or African-American, 0.7% Native American, 0.1% Asian, 1.6% some other race, 1.5% two or more races, and 54.1% Hispanic or Latino.

paragraphs: The city of Aberdeen owns the local airport. The Aberdeen Municipal Airport is about southwest of the central business district of Aberdeen.

paragraphs: Pocatello Regional Transit runs a shuttle bus between Aberdeen and Pocatello. The bus runs three times a day on weekdays and two times a day on weekends.

paragraphs: Aberdeen Public Schools are part of the Aberdeen School District #58. The Aberdeen schools are:

paragraphs: The Superintendent of Schools is C.J. Ward.


title: Acequia, Idaho

paragraphs: Acequia (pronounced "ah-SEE-kwa") is a place in Idaho, United States. The population was 144 according to the 2000 census.


title: Albion, Idaho

paragraphs: Albion is a city in Idaho in the United States. It is in Cassia County. The population was 267 at the 2010 census. Albion was the county seat of Cassia County from 1879 to 1918.


title: American Falls, Idaho

paragraphs: American Falls is a city in Idaho in the United States.


title: Ammon, Idaho

paragraphs: Ammon is a city in Idaho in the United States.


title: Arco, Idaho

paragraphs: Arco is a city in Idaho in the United States.


title: Arimo, Idaho

paragraphs: Arimo is a city in Idaho in the United States.


title: Ashton, Idaho

paragraphs: Ashton is a city in Idaho in the United States.


title: Athol, Idaho

paragraphs: Athol is a city in Idaho in the United States.


title: Atomic City, Idaho

paragraphs: Atomic City is a settlement in Idaho in the United States.

paragraphs: Atomic City was once called Midway. This might have been because the town is halfway between the towns of Blackfoot and Arco. The town had a bigger population when the nearby DOE site was bigger.


title: Bancroft, Idaho

paragraphs: Bancroft is a city in Idaho in the United States.


title: Basalt, Idaho

paragraphs: Basalt is a city in Idaho in the United States.


title: Bellevue, Idaho

paragraphs: Bellevue is a city in Idaho in the United States.


title: Blackfoot, Idaho

paragraphs: Blackfoot is a city in Idaho in the United States.


title: Bliss, Idaho

paragraphs: Bliss is a city in Idaho in the United States.


title: Bloomington, Idaho

paragraphs: Bloomington is a city in Idaho in the United States.


title: Bonners Ferry, Idaho

paragraphs: Bonners Ferry is a city in Idaho in the United States.


title: Bovill, Idaho

paragraphs: Bovill is a city in Idaho in the United States.


title: Bruneau, Idaho

paragraphs: Bruneau is an unincorporated community of Idaho in the United States. It is in Owyhee County. Bruneau Sand Dunes State Park is to the east.


title: Buhl, Idaho

paragraphs: Buhl is a city in Idaho in the United States. It is in Twin Falls County. The town is on the old Oregon Trail.

paragraphs: It is called the "Trout Capital of the World". The hatcheries produce most of the rainbow trout eaten in the United States. Clear Springs Foods processes over 20 million pounds of rainbow trout each year. This makes it the world's largest producer.


title: Burley, Idaho

paragraphs: Burley is a city in Idaho in the United States.


title: Butte City, Idaho

paragraphs: Butte City is a city in Idaho in the United States.


title: Caldwell, Idaho

paragraphs: Caldwell is a city in Idaho in the United States.


title: Cambridge, Idaho

paragraphs: Cambridge is a city in Idaho in the United States.


title: Carey, Idaho

paragraphs: Carey is a city in Idaho in the United States.


title: Cascade, Idaho

paragraphs: Cascade is a city in Idaho in the United States.


title: Castleford, Idaho

paragraphs: Castleford is a city in Idaho in the United States.


title: Challis, Idaho

paragraphs: Challis is a city in Idaho in the United States. The 2000 United States Census found out that the population of the city is about 909.


title: Chubbuck, Idaho

paragraphs: Chubbuck is a city in Idaho in the United States.


title: Clark Fork, Idaho

paragraphs: Clark Fork is a city in Idaho in the United States.


title: Clarkia, Idaho

paragraphs: Clarkia is a city in Idaho in the United States.


title: Clayton, Idaho

paragraphs: Clayton is a city in Idaho in the United States.


title: Clifton, Idaho

paragraphs: Clifton is a city in Idaho in the United States.


title: Coeur d'Alene, Idaho

paragraphs: Coeur d'Alene is a city in Idaho in the United States.


title: Cottonwood, Idaho

paragraphs: Cottonwood is a city in Idaho in the United States.


title: Council, Idaho

paragraphs: Council is a city in and the county seat of Adams County, Idaho, United States. The population was 816 at the 2000 census.

paragraphs: According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 0.7 square miles (1.9 km²), all of it land.

paragraphs: U.S. Route 95 goes through the city, connecting it to New Meadows to the north and Cambridge and Weiser to the south.


title: Craigmont, Idaho

paragraphs: Craigmont is a city of Lewis County in the state of Idaho in the United States. About 550 people were living in Craigmont as of 2000.


title: Crouch, Idaho

paragraphs: Crouch is a city in Idaho in the United States.


title: Culdesac, Idaho

paragraphs: Culdesac is a city in Idaho in the United States.


title: Dalton Gardens, Idaho

paragraphs: Dalton Gardens is a city in Idaho in the United States.


title: Dayton, Idaho

paragraphs: Dayton is a city in Idaho in the United States.


title: Deary, Idaho

paragraphs: Deary is a city in Idaho in the United States.


title: Declo, Idaho

paragraphs: Declo is a city in Idaho in the United States.


title: Dietrich, Idaho

paragraphs: Dietrich is a city in Idaho in the United States. The population was 332 at the 2010 census.


title: Donnelly, Idaho

paragraphs: Donnelly is a town of Idaho in the United States. It is in Valley County. In 2010, there were 152 people living in the town.


title: Dover, Idaho

paragraphs: Dover is a city in Idaho in the United States.


title: Downey, Idaho

paragraphs: Downey is a city in Idaho in the United States.


title: Driggs, Idaho

paragraphs: Driggs is a city in Idaho in the United States.


title: Drummond, Idaho

paragraphs: Drummond is a city in Idaho in the United States.


title: Dubois, Idaho

paragraphs: Dubois is a city in Idaho in the United States.


title: Eagle, Idaho

paragraphs: Eagle is a city of Ada County in the state of Idaho, United States.


title: East Hope, Idaho

paragraphs: East Hope is a city in Idaho in the United States.


title: Eden, Idaho

paragraphs: Eden is a city in Idaho in the United States.


title: Elk River, Idaho

paragraphs: Elk River is a city in Idaho in the United States.


title: Emmett, Idaho

paragraphs: Emmett is a city in Idaho in the United States.


title: Fairfield, Idaho

paragraphs: Fairfield is a city in Idaho in the United States.


title: Ferdinand, Idaho

paragraphs: Ferdinand is a city in Idaho in the United States.


title: Fernan Lake Village, Idaho

paragraphs: Fernan Lake Village is a city in Idaho in the United States.


title: Fernwood, Idaho

paragraphs: Fernwood is a city in Idaho in the United States. It is in the southeastern corner of Benewah County.


title: Filer, Idaho

paragraphs: Filer is a city in Twin Falls County, Idaho, United States. In 2000, there were 1,620 people living there. It is just west of the intersection (crossing) of U.S. Route 93 and U.S. Route 30. The town sits on of land.

paragraphs: The Twin Falls County Fair is in Filer. It is the city's biggest attraction.


title: Firth, Idaho

paragraphs: Firth is a city in Bingham County in the state of Idaho, United States. In 2007 there 424 people living in Firth.


title: Franklin, Idaho

paragraphs: Franklin is a city in Idaho in the United States.


title: Fruitland, Idaho

paragraphs: Fruitland is a city in Idaho in the United States.


title: Garden City, Idaho

paragraphs: Garden City is a city in Idaho in the United States.


title: Genesee, Idaho

paragraphs: Genesee is a city in Idaho in the United States.


title: Georgetown, Idaho

paragraphs: Georgetown is a city in Idaho in the United States.


title: Glenns Ferry, Idaho

paragraphs: Glenns Ferry is a city in Idaho in the United States.


title: Gooding, Idaho

paragraphs: Gooding is a city in Idaho in the United States. It is the county seat of Gooding County


title: Grace, Idaho

paragraphs: Grace is a city in Idaho in the United States.


title: Grand View, Idaho

paragraphs: Grand View is a city in Idaho in the United States. It is in Owyhee County.


title: Grangeville, Idaho

paragraphs: Grangeville is a city in Idaho in the United States.


title: Greenleaf, Idaho

paragraphs: Greenleaf is a city in Idaho in the United States.


title: Hagerman, Idaho

paragraphs: Hagerman is a city in Idaho in the United States.


title: Hailey, Idaho

paragraphs: Hailey is a city in Idaho in the United States.