title: Chlorella

paragraphs: Chlorella is a genus of single-cell green algae. It is in the division Chlorophyta. It is microscopic in size and round in shape.

paragraphs: "Chlorella" has in its body two green color substances: "chlorophyll-a" and "chlorophyll b." It uses photosynthesis, similar to plants which also have chlorophyll. It multiplies rapidly, needing only carbon dioxide, water, sunlight, and a small amount of minerals to reproduce.

paragraphs: Many people believe "Chlorella" can serve as a possible source of food and energy. This is because its photosynthesis process can, in theory, reach 8% efficiency.. This is even better than that of other highly efficient crops such as sugar cane, which are already being used for food and energy.

paragraphs: In 1961, Melvin Calvin of the University of California received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his research on the pathways of carbon dioxide assimilation using "Chlorella".

paragraphs: Chlorella reproduce asexually by aplanospores. A single chlorellon cell produces at least 16 non-motile aplanospores and each one of them matures into an individual unicellular alga (chlorellon) under favourable conditions. There are no any reports of sexual reproduction in Chlorella.


title: Arirang

paragraphs: "Arirang" (; ) is a Korean folk song. It is sometimes thought of as the unofficial national anthem of Korea. There are almost 3,600 variations for 60 versions of the song. All of these have a part of the song similar to "Arirang, arirang, arariyo ()". People think that the song is almost 600 years old.

paragraphs: "Arirang" is on the UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage list two times. This is because both South Korea and North Korea submitted the song for being included on the list. South Korea submitted the song in 2012 and North Korea submitted the song in 2014.

paragraphs: People think that "Arirang" came from Jeongseon in the Gangwon Province of South Korea. According to a legend, the song came from the story of a man and a woman who fell in love. This was while they were picking camellia flowers. In one version of the story, the man can't cross the Auraji river because the water is too high. Because of this, they sing a song to show how sorrowful they were. In the second version of the story, the man tries to cross the Auraji and drowns. In that version, he sings the song after he dies.

paragraphs: Another theory says that the song came from Lady Aryeong. It says that "arin" came from the Jurchen word for "hometown" and a Chinese song called "Airang."


title: Time in Morocco

paragraphs: Morocco uses Central European Time (CET) () all year round since 26 October 2018. The country used to observe daylight saving time (DST).

paragraphs: Morocco first used DST in 1939 and 1940 and again in 1950. It returned in 1967 but was abandoned after that and returned in 1974 and was observed until 1978. After that, Morocco used Western European Time (WET) (UTC+00:00) all year round. In 1984, Morocco changed to Central European Time (CET) (UTC+01:00) and returned to WET in 1986.

paragraphs: In 2008, Morocco once again started using daylight saving time. DST in 2008 started on Sunday 1 June and ended on Monday 1 September. In 2009, it started on Monday 1 June and ended on Friday 21 August. In 2010, DST started on 2 May and ended on 8 August, and in 2011 it started on Sunday 3 April and ended on Sunday 31 July.

paragraphs: In 2012, Morocco changed the rules for DST as it started on the last Sunday in April with a pause during Ramadan, and ending on the last Sunday in September. In 2013, the end of DST shifted to the last Sunday of October and adopted the European daylight saving schedule.

paragraphs: In 2018, Morocco stopped using summer time and moved to Central European Time (CET) (UTC+01:00) all year round. This is the first time Morocco has used CET since 1984.


Waterloo Road


title: Xuanwu Lake

paragraphs: Xuanwu Lake is a lake in Xuanwu District in Nanjing, China. It is surrounded by a park. Local visitors and foreign tourists often visit the Xuanwu Lake.

paragraphs: The lake's area is about 5.02 square kilometers or 1.94square miles, making it the largest former imperial garden lake in China.

paragraphs: Dating back to the Qin family of rulers, Xuanwu Lake has a history of about 2,300 years. It was one of the emperor's gardens during the Six Dynasties part of China's history and again under the Ming rulers.

paragraphs: The lake and its park are open from 6 to 9. There is a Nanjing Subway station nearby and several bus stops.


title: Tree-kangaroo

paragraphs: Tree-kangaroos are marsupials who live in trees. They are like kangaroos, but much smaller.


title: Faunus (mythology)

paragraphs: Faunus ([fau̯nʊs]) was the horned god of the forest, plains and fields in Roman mythology. When he made cattle fertile he was called Inuus. Many of his characteristics are similar to the Greek god Pan.


title: Sun Yat-sen's Tomb

paragraphs: Sun Yat-sen's Tomb is the tomb (place for the dead body) of Sun Yat-sen and a large park around the tomb. It is a scenic spot and historical site in Nanjing, China.A mausoleum is a building used to store the remains of people who have died. Instead of being buried in soil, like in a cemetery, they are placed in chambers behind walls, or in a vault under the floor. The word came from the name of an ancient king.Sun yat sun is a leader of China.You can go to there by bus Route254,324.

paragraphs: Sun Yat-sen's tomb is so big that it is also called . (A mausoleum is a tomb so big that it is like a palace.)

paragraphs: Sun Yat-sen was a famous leader of China. He changed China's political system. After he died, the Chinese government made him this tomb.


title: Hongshan Forest Zoo

paragraphs: Hongshan Forest Zoo (), “The Red Mount Forest Zoo” is a zoo that located in Suanwu District, Nanjing, and covers about 1026 acres. It was built in 1998. For adults, the price is 40 yuan, but for children, the price is 20 yuan. It is open from 7:30 to 16:30.

paragraphs: The park is divided into bird area, beast area, herbivores and primates exhibition area, Amphibian and reptile hall and other major animal exhibition spots, gathering more than 3000 rare animals of more than 280 kinds from all over the world. It also has some rare animals in the world like Elephas maximus, white tiger, mandrill, and some first class national protect animals such as pandas, golden monkeys, gibbons, red-crowned cranes, amur tigers, Yangtze alligators.


title: Nanjing Massacre Museum

paragraphs: The Nanjing Massacre Museum is a museum about the 1937–1938 Nanjing Massacre in Nanjing, China. It is also known as the because it is also a memorial hall to remember the many Chinese people who were killed during the massacre by the Imperial Japanese Army.

paragraphs: Nanjing (then spelled "Nanking" in English) was China's capital city during the 1920s and 1930s. At that time, Japan was an empire that included Korea and Taiwan. During the 1930s, Japan started the Second Sino-Japanese War and tried to take over all of China. This became part of World War II, as Japan's friend Germany took over Poland and Italy joined their wars and started some of its own. When the Japanese army got to Nanjing in December 1937 and January 1938, it did not only fight the Chinese army; it also killed many other people who were not fighting at all. It also committed many, many war crimes against the people in the city. It is even hard to count how many people were killed or hurt in all, because the Japanese treated the bodies and the people so badly. The Chinese government says 300,000 people were killed and more were hurt.

paragraphs: To remember the people who were killed and hurt and to fight Japanese people who say nothing very bad happened in Nanjing, the city government built the Nanjing Massacre Museum in 1985. In 1995, with the city growing richer from China's Opening-Up Policy, the museum was made larger and better.

paragraphs: The memorial (place to remember something) consists of three major parts: a museum that shows historical records and other things from the massacre, an outdoor area, and a covered area that holds the bones of many of the people who died in the massacre. The building has about 3,000 square meters or 32,000 square feet of floor space. The rest of the museum covers another 25,000 square meters or 6 acres of land around the building. The memorial uses architecture, sculptures, and videos to show what happened during the Nanjing Massacre.

paragraphs: Admission to the Nanjing Massacre Museum is free. It is open from 8:30 to 4:30 from Tuesday to Sunday. The museum is closed every Monday.

paragraphs: You can go there by taking the underground or by buses.


title: Philip Martin Brown

paragraphs: Philip Martin Brown (born 9 July 1956) is an British actor. He was born in Manchester, England and has performed in many movies and television programmes. These include "Waterloo Road", "1914 All Out", "Doctors", Coronation Street and "A Horseman Riding By".


title: Nanjing Temple of Confucius

paragraphs: The Nanjing Temple of Confucius is a temple honoring Confucius in Nanjing, China. It is located on the north bank of the Qinhuai River in Qinhuai District. It is also the largest traditional ancient market in China. People fixed most of the old buildings such as Mingde Hall and the Changnan Examination Hall, so the temple attracts a lot of people every year. You can eat the local food there, and visit the Imperial examination museum. To go there, you can take Subway line 3 goes to Confucius temple, and subway line 1 goes to sanshan street. At night, you can enjoy the colourful light on the river also on the building.


title: Nanjing Presidential Palace

paragraphs: The Nanjing Presidential Palace is the palace in Nanjing, China, that was used by China's president when Nanjing was China's capital city in the 1920s and 1930s. Its Chinese name is the "Nánjīng Zǒngtǒngfǔ" (南京总统府). It is located at 292 Changjiang Road in Nanjing's Xuanwu District.

paragraphs: It includes an office block for the Kuomingtang. It was built in March 1853. On 1 January 1912, Sun Yat-sen became the Provisional President of the Republic of China here. After that, it became the official residence of the Jiangsu military governors. It became the office of the Kuomingtang in 1927. After the occupation of Nanjing by Japanese troops in December 1937, the offices of the Kuomingtang served as the headquarters of the Japanese troops. On 23 April 1949, the People's Liberation Army reached Nanjing. They occupied the Presidential Palace on the next day.

paragraphs: The presidential palace includes the West and East Gardens, two classic Chinese gardens. There are many trees and flowers among the pavilions, bamboo, and two lakes.

paragraphs: Nanjing Presidential Palace is near Dahanggong Station (Line 2) and Zhujiang Road Station (Line 1) on the Nanjing Subway.


title: Hongshan Zoo

paragraphs: Nanjing Hongshan Forest Zoo is a zoo located on Yanlu Road in Gulou District, Nanjing, China. It is a national AAAA tourist attraction. The total area of the park is 68 hectares or 168 acres.

paragraphs: 85% of the mountain area of the zoo is covered with a forest. It has 216 species and 2600 species of rare animals from around the world.

paragraphs: Nanjing Hongshan Forest Zoo has more than 4000 animals and rare species. These include white tigers, ring-tailed lemurs, chimpanzees, chromotropic pythons, and penguins. It has government-protected animals: giant and red pandas, golden and black-leafed monkeys, gibbons, red-crowned cranes, manchurian tigers, green peacocks, and alligators. There are also Asian elephants, giraffes, zebras, kangaroos, leopards, and other rare animals. Among the 20 kinds of birds are grey and blue magpies,and parrots.


title: Drosophila obscura

paragraphs: Drosophila obscura is a very common European species of fruit fly. It lives in most habitats except coastal areas and open heathland.

paragraphs: Larvae can be found in the sap runs of deciduous trees.

paragraphs: The name covers a whole group of very similar species. They are all in the subgenus "Sophophera", which includes the common Mediterranean fly "Drosophila subobscura" and the North American "D. pseudoobscura". The group is called the "Drosophila obscura" species group.


title: Nanjing Museum

paragraphs: Nanjing Museum. Nanjing Museum covers an area of 70,000 square meters. Itis located at the southern foot of the beautiful Purple Gold Moutain, with Zhongshan Gate of the city on its east side and the remains of the imperial palace of the early Ming Dynasty on its west side.

paragraphs: Nanjing Museum , China's first comprehensive state museum,was initiated by Cai Yuanpei and president of the state Central Research Academy. It was originally planned to build three exbition halls including Humanity. Handicraft and Nature halls, but only the hall of Humanity was completed which is the current main building. It imitate the style of Liao-Dynasty architecture, with the roof covered with golden tiles and looking solemn and magnificent.

paragraphs: After 1949, when new China was founded, the museum entered into a new era of development. In March, 1950, it was renamed as Nanjing museum and a number of major excavation activities were conducted in following years.


title: Nanjing City Wall

paragraphs: The Nanjing City Wall is the city wall of Nanjing, China. Most of it was made during the early Ming Dynasty, when Nanjing was the capital of China.

paragraphs: The city wall has a Jingshiying Tianfu four city wall pattern. It consists of four walls: namely, the imperial city, the imperial city, the capital city, and the outer city. Now, the name mainly refers to the well-preserved capital city wall, which is the longest, largest, and best-preserved old city wall in the world, with a total preserved length of 25.1 km.

paragraphs: The city wall you see in Nanjing today was built in 1366 (Yuan to Zheng 26 years) and completed in 1393 (Ming Hongwu 26 years), 27 years in all. Building it used 1 ministry, 3 weis, 5 provinces, 28 prefectures, and 152 prefectures and counties. A total of 280,000 migrant workers made it using about 350 million urban bricks.

paragraphs: Its gates include the Gate of China, the Zhongshan Gate, and the Xuanwu Gate.


title: Brittany Petros

paragraphs: Brittany Petros (born September 9, 1974) is an American actress, producer, and television personality. She first rose to fame as a cast member on the first season of the reality-television competition "Big Brother" (2000), and has since gone on to appear as an actress in various roles. She has also done extensive work in production and casting roles.


title: Jiming Temple

paragraphs: Jiming Temple was first built in the Western Jin Dynasty. It is one of the oldest Buddhist temples in Nanjing. Since the Middle Ages, Jiming Temple has been known as the First Temple of the Southern Dynasties.

paragraphs: The history of Jiming Temple can be traced back to Qixuan Temple in Wu during the Three Kingdoms. At that time, the place where Jiming Temple now sits was a garden around a hilltop. Around the year 300, a temple was built on the hill. After the Eastern Jin Dynasty, it was part of the Tingwei Department. In 527, Emperor Wu of the Liang Dynasty built Tongtai Temple on Jiming Island, which made it a real Buddhist resort. In 1387, the Hongwu Emperor of the Ming Dynasty ordered the demolition of its old houses and a reconstruction and enlargement of its temples. This emperor is the one who named it "Jiming Temple". After the improvements of the Xuande, Chenghua, and Hongzhi Emperors, the courtyard was very large, covering more than 100 mu. Later, the ancient temple was destroyed by a fire in Xianfeng. Although it was rebuilt during the Tongzhi Era and its incense has flourished, the scale of the temple has been greatly reduced.


title: Purple Mountain

paragraphs: Purple Mountain is a mountain in Xuanwu District in Nanjing, China. It is 448.9 meters or 1,472 feet high.

paragraphs: Purple Mountain is a scenic spot and historic site in Nanjing. It is one of the Four Famous Mountains South of the Yangtze River and a national ecological and cultural demonstration site.

paragraphs: Purple Mountain Observatory is on the mountain. Nanjing Museum is just to its south.


title: Norwegian Air Shuttle

paragraphs: Norwegian is one of the largest airlines in the world. It is based in Norway. Its headquarters are at Bærum, near Oslo.


title: Alan Watson (legal scholar)

paragraphs: William Alan J. Watson (1933 – 7 November 2018) was a Scottish law and legal history expert. He was born in Edinburgh. He was known for his works in Roman law, comparative law, legal history, and law and religion. He is known for creating the term "legal transplants".

paragraphs: Watson worked at Oxford University, before taking the Douglas Chair in Civil Law at the School of Law of his alma mater, the University of Glasgow. He was Distinguished Research Professor at the University of Georgia School of Law at the time of his death.

paragraphs: Watson died on 7 November 2018 at the age of 85.


title: Harold Basch

paragraphs: Harold Basch (; 29 November 1940 – 8 November 2018) was an American-born Israeli chemist and educator. He was born in New York City. He was a Professor of Chemistry who worked in Computational Chemistry. He worked at Bar Ilan University.

paragraphs: In 1970 he joined the Chemistry Department at Bar-Ilan University (BIU) as an Associate Professor and became a full Professor in 1977. During his career, Prof. Basch published more than 180 papers and book chapters.

paragraphs: Basch died in Ramat Gan, Israel on 8 November 2018 at the age of 77.


title: Winesap

paragraphs: Winesap is a kind of apple. It is a medium sized and dark red. The flesh of the apple is yellow. Winesap apples have a sweet and tart taste. They are grown in Washington, Oregon, Georgia, and Virginia.


title: D. J. Finney

paragraphs: David John Finney (3 January 1917 – 12 November 2018), was a British statistician

paragraphs: and Professor Emeritus of Statistics at the University of Edinburgh. He was born in Latchford, Warrington.

paragraphs: He was Director of the Agricultural Research Council's Unit of Statistics from 1954 to 1984 and a former President of the Royal Statistical Society and of the Biometric Society. He was known for the development of systematic monitoring of drugs for detection of adverse reactions.

paragraphs: Finney turned 100 in January 2017 and died on 12 November 2018 at the age of 101 following a short illness.


title: Everett A. Kelly

paragraphs: Everett A. Kelly (September 2, 1926 – November 13, 2018) was an American Republican politician. He was born in Foley, Alabama.

paragraphs: He was a member of the Florida House of Representatives representing 35th district from 1978 to 1982, the 46th district from 1982 to 1992, and the 42nd district from 1992 until 2000.

paragraphs: Kelly was Speaker Pro Tempore from 1990 to 1992. He died in Tavares, Florida on November 13, 2018 at the age of 92.


title: Shootsta

paragraphs: Shootsta is a business that helps companies make videos, like commercials. Shootsta is known for being successful as a subscription based service. Shootsta has offices in the United Kingdom, the United States, Australia, Hong Kong and Singapore.. When Shootsta was getting started, it raised USD$7,000,000. Shootsta is able to do more or less for a customer based on what the customer needs, which is known as "scalable."


title: Dick DeVos

paragraphs: Richard Marvin DeVos Jr. (born October 21, 1955) is an American businessman. In 2006, DeVos ran for Governor of Michigan, but lost to Jennifer Granholm. DeVos is the spouse of Betsy DeVos, the current United States Secretary of Education.


title: John Bluthal

paragraphs: John Bluthal (12 August 1929 – 15 November 2018) was a Polish-born British-Australian actor. He was best known for his comedy work in the United Kingdom with Spike Milligan. He was known for his roles in "Never Mind the Quality, Feel the Width" and as Frank Pickle in "The Vicar of Dibley".

paragraphs: His lost role was as Professor Marcuse alongside George Clooney in the Coen Brothers' movie "Hail, Caesar!" (2016).

paragraphs: Bluthal died on 15 November 2018 at the age of 89.


title: Adolf Grünbaum

paragraphs: Adolf Grünbaum (; May 15, 1923 – November 15, 2018) was a German-American philosopher and a critic of psychoanalysis. He was the first Andrew Mellon Professor of Philosophy at the University of Pittsburgh from 1960 until his death. He was born in Cologne.

paragraphs: He also was Co-Chairman of its Center for Philosophy of Science from 1978 until his death, Research Professor of Psychiatry since 1979, and Primary Research Professor in the Department of History and Philosophy of Science since 2006.

paragraphs: His works include "Philosophical Problems of Space and Time" (1963), "The Foundations of Psychoanalysis" (1984), and "Validation in the Clinical Theory of Psychoanalysis" (1993).

paragraphs: Grünbaum was Jewish. He died in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania on November 15, 2018 at the age of 95.


title: Nguyễn Phú Trọng

paragraphs: Nguyễn Phú Trọng (born 14 April 1944) is a Vietnamese politician. He is the current General Secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam since 19 January 2011. Nguyễn is also the President of Vietnam, "de jure" head of state of Vietnam, in office since 23 October 2018. Nguyễn Phú Trọng was also Chairman of the National Assembly from 2006 to 2011.


title: Pablo Ferro

paragraphs: Pablo Ferro (January 15, 1935 – November 16, 2018) was a Cuban-born American graphic designer, movie titles designer, and founder of Pablo Ferro Films. He was known for designing the titles for "Dr. Strangelove", "A Clockwork Orange" and "Bullitt". Ferro was born in Antilla, Cuba.

paragraphs: Ferro died in Sedona, Arizona on November 16, 2018 from complications of pneumonia at the age of 83.


title: Sedona, Arizona

paragraphs: Sedona is a city in the counties of Coconino and Yavapai in the northern Verde Valley region of the U.S. state of Arizona. As of the 2010 census, its population was 10,031.


title: Richard Baker (broadcaster)

paragraphs: Richard Douglas James Baker OBE RD (15 June 1925 – 17 November 2018) was an English broadcaster. He was best known as a newsreader for BBC News from 1954 to 1982. He was the first reader of the "BBC Television News" (in voiceover) in 1954.

paragraphs: Baker made cameo appearances in three episodes (30, 33 and 39) of "Monty Python's Flying Circus" and in the 1977 "Morecambe and Wise Christmas Show". He also narrated "Mary, Mungo and Midge" (1969).

paragraphs: Baker died on 18 November 2018, at the John Radcliffe Hospital in Oxford, aged 93.


title: Héctor Beltrán Leyva

paragraphs: Héctor Beltrán Leyva (February 15, 1965 – November 18, 2018) was a Mexican drug lord. He was the leader of the Beltrán Leyva Cartel, a drug trafficking organization. He was the brother of Arturo Beltrán Leyva (deceased), former leader of the cartel.

paragraphs: He was the second-in-command and rose to the leadership of the criminal organization after his brother's death on 16 December 2009 during a confrontation with Mexican marines.

paragraphs: Beltrán Leyva was arrested by the Mexican Army on 1 October 2014. He would be imprisoned and died at a jail cell in Toluca, Mexico on November 18, 2018 from a heart attack at the age of 53.


title: Uladzimir Zhuravel

paragraphs: Uladzimir Ivanavich Zhuravel (; ; 9 June 1971 – 18 November 2018) was a Belarusian professional football player and coach. He played for the national team from 1992 to 1997. He was born in Semipalatinsk, Kazakh SSR. In 2018 he was a head coach in Shakhter Karagandy. He made his professional debut in the Soviet Top League in 1990 for FC Dinamo Minsk.

paragraphs: Zhuravel died from cardiac arrest on 18 November 2018 in Minsk at the age of 47.


title: Hingham, Massachusetts

paragraphs: Hingham is a town on the South Shore of the U.S. state of Massachusetts in northern Plymouth County. At the 2010 census, the population was 22,157. Hingham is known for its colonial history and location on Boston Harbor.


Engelbert Humperdinck


title: Waldyr Boccardo

paragraphs: Waldyr Geraldo Boccardo (28 January 1936 – 18 November 2018) was a Brazilian basketball player. Boccardo was born in São Manuel, Brazil. He was a member of the team that won the title at the 1959 World Championship and the bronze medal at the 1960 Olympics.

paragraphs: Boccardo died in Rio de Janeiro on 18 November 2018 from pneumonia at the age of 82.


title: Lincoln County, Oregon

paragraphs: Lincoln County is a county located in the U.S. state of Oregon. As of the 2010 census, its population was 46,034. The county seat is Newport. The county is named for Abraham Lincoln, 16th president of the United States.


title: Moncombu

paragraphs: Moncombu (; also spelled Mankombu; see below) is a village situated in the Alappuzha district in the state of Kerala, India. The place is famous for many things including the Moncombu Bhagavathy Temple and the Rice Research Centre. The ancestors of Dr M S Swaminathan, the father of the green revolution in India, came from this village.

paragraphs: Since the English name is close to the name in the local Malayalam language, there are several spellings in use. "Moncombu" is the spelling used by the Postal Department of India as well as in government communications. But yet other variants such as "Mankombu" are in use by the mass media.


title: Mažeikiai

paragraphs: Mažeikiai (, Samogitian: "Mažeikē") is a city in northwest Lithuania on the Venta River. Around 43,547 people live there, and it is the eighth largest city in Lithuania.


title: Pennsylvania German language

paragraphs: Pennsylvania German ("Deitsch"; also called Pennsylvania Dutch) is a dialect of German spoken in the United States and Canada. Most speakers of Pennsylvania German are members of the Amish or Mennonite communities. About 350,000 people speak the dialect.

paragraphs: The ancestors of Pennsylvania German speakers mostly come from the Palatinate area in Germany. Other immigrants came from Switzerland, Swabia, Baden, and/or Alsace. These immigrants mostly settled in Pennsylvania, Maryland, Virginia, and North Carolina. The Pennsylvania German dialect was widely spoken in Pennsylvania until the 20th century. The Amish and Mennonite communities continued to speak the dialect.

paragraphs: Kutztown University has a Pennsylvania German program, and offers a minor degree to students.

paragraphs: Pennsylvania German grammar is simpler than Standard German. The genitive case is lost, and adjective endings are simplified.

paragraphs: The sounds œ, ø (ö) and y (ü) in Standard German are not present in Pennsylvania German. So the word "Köpfe" (heads) becomes "Kepp" in the dialect. Also, "Kühe" (cows) becomes "Kieh".


title: Mark McGowan

paragraphs: Mark McGowan (born 13 July 1967) is the 30th and current Premier of Western Australia. He became premier on 17 March 2017. He is from the Labor Party.


title: Garaad

paragraphs: Garaad is the name for a Dhulbahante clan ruler. He is traditionally from the baharsame sub-clan of the Dhulbahante.

paragraphs: There is no specific word for a garaad's wife. The word "garaad" is from the Somali language. It means "intelligence". The dynasty and lands ruled by the Garaad is called a Garaadship.


title: Kamchatka Krai

paragraphs: Kamchatka Krai is one of 85 federal subjects of Russia. It is located in the Asian part of Russia. It is grouped and governed as part of the Far Eastern District. The Far Eastern District contains ten other federal subjects too.

paragraphs: Local Koryak people lived in the region for a long time before European explorers first arrived. They were described to be war-like. In the 17th century, Russian explorers first arrived in the area. But the area's harsh climate, land and unfriendly natives made exploration difficult. Multiple fighting later broke out between the natives and the Russians throughout the 18th century. This was because the Tsar ordered more Russian explorations of the area. In 1768-1769, the smallpox disease nearly wiped out the population. The natives were finally brought under control because of the disease. In 1854, the area saw fighting between the Russians and the British and French during the Crimean War. In 1867, after the sale of Alaska to the United States, Kamchatka loss its importance. It was because travelers were no longer stopping over the area to go to Alaska. During the last months of World War II, the area became an important point for Soviet troops to invade Japan. After the war the area became a military zone. This zone was closed off to Soviet citizens till 1990 and foreigners till 1991. Today it remains as a Krai (federal subject) within Russia.

paragraphs: Kamchatka is found in the far eastern part of Siberia. Because of this, it has a subarctic climate, which have long, cold winters, and short, mild summers. Rainfall in the area is unusually higher than the rest of Eastern Siberia. This is because westerly winds blow in from the Sea of Japan. The landscape is mostly mountainous, with the Sredinny Mountain Range occupying a large part of the region. The Sredinny Range has the most amount of glacier in North-East Asia. The area also has a high density of mountains that are active volcanoes. These volcanoes are included as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The area is prone to volcano eruption and earthquake. This is because it lies around the Pacific Ring of Fire. There are plenty of animals, birds and plants in the area. It is because of the good climate, geography and low human population.

paragraphs: Kamchatka's population at the end of the Soviet Union decreased for some time, according to data. It is currently increasing again. Most of the population live in cities and towns, like the capital, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky. Ethnic Koryaks and other natives compose of a very small percentage of the population. Russians compose a great majority of the population. Most people in Kamchatka practice Orthodox Christianity, while a sizable population are irreligious. Shamanism, which is a belief that worships spirits and nature, is still practiced by some natives in the area. Russian is taught and used commonly in Kamchatka. While native languages like Koryak, Itelmen or Chuvan are hardly taught or used at home.

paragraphs: The economy of Kamchatka is mostly based on fishing and processing of natural resources. These resources include wood, coal and gold, involving the lumber and mining industries. Kamchatka lies along major shipping routes. It thus provide services such as ship building, repairing and the moving of goods among ships. In the past, Kamchatka was part of the region's fur trade. This fur trade was connected with places like China and Alaska.

paragraphs: The Governor of Kamchatka is the leader of the Krai. The Governor is chosen by public vote every five years. The Kamchatka Legislative Assembly, is the Krai's parliament. The Legislative Assembly lawmakers are chosen similarly by the public every five years. The majority of lawmakers in the Legislative Assembly are currently from the United Russia party. The United Russia party is the ruling party of Russia. The Krai was formed on 1 July 2007 from the merge between Kamchatka Oblast and Koryak Autonomous Okrug.

paragraphs: Generally, Kamchatka is isolated from the rest of Russia. There are no railway and road linking it with the rest of Russia. Flying is the most convenient way of entering or leaving Kamchatka. There are several airports, like the Yelizovo Airport. Flights from these airports link Kamchatka to cities further away. However, there are no international flights into the area. Kamchatka also lies along major shipping routes. These shipping routes connect Kamchatka with Alaska and East Asia by sea.


title: Mike Noble

paragraphs: Mike Noble (17 September 1930 – 15 November 2018) was a British comic artist and illustrator.

paragraphs: He was born in London. He was best known for drawing strips like "Fireball XL5" for "TV Century 21". He also drew "The Lone Ranger" and other comic strips relating to "The Lone Ranger". He also worked for "Zero-X", "Captain Scarlet" and "Star Trek".

paragraphs: Noble died on 15 November 2018 at the age of 88.


title: Ricardo Muñoz

paragraphs: Ricardo Muñoz (born October 26, 1965) is a Mexican-American politician. He is a member of the Chicago City Council as alderman for the 22nd ward. It includes Little Village and Archer Heights.

paragraphs: Muñoz was appointed to this position by Mayor Richard M. Daley in 1993. He is the longest tenured Latino and fourth longest tenured member of the Chicago City Council.

paragraphs: On August 2, 2010 Muñoz took the unusual step of admitting that he was an alcoholic just six months before standing for re-election.

paragraphs: Munoz endorsed Chris Kennedy in the 2018 Democratic gubernatorial primary.


title: Kayo Dottley

paragraphs: John Albert "Kayo" Dottley (August 25, 1928 – November 17, 2018) was an American football fullback in the National Football League. He played for the Chicago Bears from 1951 to 1953. He was born in Birmingham, Alabama.

paragraphs: Dottley died at a hospital in Vicksburg, Mississippi from complications of pneumonia on November 17, 2018 at the age of 90.


title: Bartow, Georgia

paragraphs: Bartow is a town in Jefferson County, Georgia, United States. As of the 2010 census, the city had a population of 286. The town was originally named "Spier's Turnout", but was changed to honor the first Confederate officer to die in battle, Colonel Francis S. Bartow of Savannah, Georgia.


title: Carl Weathers

paragraphs: Carl Weathers (born January 14, 1948) is an American actor and former professional football player. He is best known for portraying Apollo Creed in the "Rocky", Al Dillon in "Predator", Chubbs Peterson in "Happy Gilmore" and "Little Nicky", and as himself on the comedy series "Arrested Development".

paragraphs: As a football player, Weathers played for the Oakland Raiders of the National Football League and the B.C. Lions of the Canadian Football League. He was born in New Orleans, Louisiana.


title: Jan de Bont

paragraphs: Jan de Bont (; born 22 October 1943) is a former Dutch cinematographer, director and movie producer. He was born in Eindhoven, Netherlands. He is widely known for directing the movies "Speed" and "Twister".

paragraphs: As a cinematographer, he is known for his works in "Cujo, Flesh and Blood, Die Hard, The Hunt for Red October" and "Basic Instinct." He retired in 2012.

paragraphs: While serving as cinematographer for the 1981 movie "Roar", de Bont experienced one of many on-set injuries during filming, where a lion lifted his scalp, requiring 220 stitches.


title: Jean Leon Gerome Ferris

paragraphs: Jean Leon Gerome Ferris (August 18, 1863 – March 18, 1930) was an American painter who was best known for his collection of paintings called "The Pageant of a Nation".


title: Betty Bumpers

paragraphs: Betty Lou Flanagan Bumpers (January 11, 1925 – November 23, 2018) was an American health activist and civil servant. She was the First Lady of Arkansas, from 1971 to 1975.

paragraphs: She was an activist for childhood immunizations and world peace. She and Rosalynn Carter ran a successful campaign to ensure that all American school children were immunized. She was also the widow of Dale Bumpers, former State governor and U.S. Senator.

paragraphs: Bumpers died on November 23, 2018 from complications of dementia and a broken hip in Little Rock, Arkansas at the age of 93.


title: Cranberry sauce

paragraphs: Cranberry sauce or cranberry jelly is a sauce made from cranberries. It is commonly eaten with turkey during the Thanksgiving holiday in North America or during Christmas dinner in the United Kingdom. Cranberry sauce started being available all year in 1941 with canning.


title: Wyandotte County, Kansas

paragraphs: Wyandotte County (; county code WY) is a county in the U.S. state of Kansas. In 2010 census, 157,505 people lived there. This would make it the county with the fourth-most number of people Kansas. Its county seat is Kansas City. Kansas City is also the biggest city in Wyandotte County. It has a unified government. Wyandotte County west of Kansas City, Missouri.

paragraphs: The county is named after the Wyandot (also known as Wyandott or Wyandotte) Native Americans. They were called the Huron by the French in Canada, but they called themselves Wendat. They were distantly related to the Iroquois. They had hoped to stop white Americans from moving into their territory. They also hoped to make the Ohio River the border between the United States and Canada.

paragraphs: The county was organized in 1859. Tenskwatawa (Tecumseh's brother), "the Prophet", fought at the Battle of Tippecanoe in 1811. He was buried at Shawnee Native American historical site Whitefeather Spring. The Kansas City "Smelting and Refining Company" employed over 250 men during the 1880s.

paragraphs: The "Delaware Crossing" (or ""Military Crossing""; sometimes ""the Secondine"") was where the old Indian trail met the waters of the Kaw River. "Circa" 1831, Moses Grinter (one of the earliest permanent white settlers in the area) created the Grinter Ferry on the Kansas River here. His house was known as the Grinter Place. The ferry was used by people (such as traders, freighters, and soldiers) traveling between Fort Leavenworth and Fort Scott on the military road. Others would cross this area on their way to Santa Fe.

paragraphs: The U.S. Census Bureau says that the county has a total area of . Of that, is land and (2.9%) is water. It is the smallest county by area in Kansas.

paragraphs: Wyandotte County is included in the Kansas City, MO-KS Metropolitan Statistical Area.

paragraphs: Unlike almost every other county in Kansas, Wyandotte County has been solidly Democratic ever since the New Deal. The only Democrat to lose Wyandotte County since 1932 has been George McGovern in 1972. Wyandotte was the only county in Kansas to vote for Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1944, Adlai Stevenson II in both 1952 and 1956, Hubert Humphrey in 1968, Jimmy Carter in 1980, and Walter Mondale in 1984.

paragraphs: Village West, has helped the economy in KCK and Wyandotte County grow. At Village West, there are companies like Hollywood Casino, Legends Outlets Kansas City, Schlitterbahn Vacation Village, Cabela's, Nebraska Furniture Mart, Great Wolf Lodge, T-Bones Stadium (home to the Kansas City T-Bones of the American Association) and Children's Mercy Park (home of Sporting Kansas City of Major League Soccer).


title: Mercy Hospital shooting

paragraphs: On November 19, 2018, a mass shooting took place at the Mercy Hospital and Medical Center in Chicago, Illinois. An attending physician, a pharmaceutical assistant, a Chicago Police officer and the perpetrator were killed.

paragraphs: Local authorities identified the suspect as a 32-year-old man who was killed by police. The perpetrator was discovered within the hospital at around 3:20 p.m. and shot in the head.


title: Mercy Hospital and Medical Center

paragraphs: Mercy Hospital and Medical Center is a 292-bed general medical and surgical Catholic teaching hospital in Near South Side, Chicago, Illinois. It was built in 1852.

paragraphs: The hospital was the first chartered hospital in Chicago. In 1859, Mercy Hospital became the first Catholic hospital to affiliate with a medical school—Lind Medical School—and the first to require a graded curriculum.

paragraphs: Mercy also is the hospital used by the Daley family: all of their children were born there. Mercy sold a plot of land to the north of their hospital for 60 million dollars in 2008. It is also the main women's cancer center in Illinois.

paragraphs: It accepted patients from Michael Reese Hospital and Medical Center and absorbed the ambulance routes when the hospital closed in 2008. In 2012, Mercy Hospital and Medical Center was ranked #35 for all hospitals in the State of Illinois and #27 in the Chicago metropolitan area by U.S. News & World Report.

paragraphs: On November 19, 2018, multiple people were shot near the hospital.


title: Son River

paragraphs: Son River (also called Sone River) is a river in central India. It is the second largest of the Ganges' southern branches.


title: Edward M. Burke

paragraphs: Edward M. "Ed" Burke (born December 29, 1943) is an American politician. He is an alderman of the 14th Ward of the City of Chicago. He is a member of the Democratic Party.

paragraphs: Burke was first elected to the Chicago City Council in 1969, and represents part of the city's Southwest Side. Burke has been called Chicago's "most powerful alderman" by the "Chicago Sun-Times". Burke was named one of the "100 Most Powerful Chicagoans" by "Chicago Magazine".

paragraphs: Burke is the longest-serving aldermen in Chicago history.

paragraphs: Burke is the lead partner in a law firm that works in property tax appeals. On November 29, 2018, Burke's office at Chicago City Hall and his Aldermanic ward office were seized by federal agents, who ejected staff and papered over the doors and windows.


title: Central, South Carolina

paragraphs: Central is a town in Pickens County, South Carolina, United States. As of the 2010 census, the population was 5,159. It got its name from its geographic location, being the halfway or central point between Atlanta and Charlotte. The main campus of Southern Wesleyan University is located east of the downtown area.


title: Nanglo

paragraphs: Nanglo is a flat round woven tray. It is made up of bamboo. It is made up of thin bamboo pieces called "Choya". To make Nanglo, "Choya"s are joined together at the right angles like woven threads. It is used to separate dust particles from paddy, rice, dal, beans, and other grains (winnowing). Nanglo is a part of almost every Nepali kitchen. It is mostly used in villages but it can also be found in large cities as well.


title: David A. Granger

paragraphs: Brigadier David Arthur Granger (born 15 July 1945) is a Guyanese politician and retired military officer. He was President of Guyana from 2015 to 2020. He was Commander of the Guyana Defence Force and National Security Adviser from 1990 to 1992. He was Leader of the Opposition in the National Assembly of Guyana from 2012 to 2015.

paragraphs: In November 2018, Granger was diagnosed with non-Hodgkin lymphoma.

paragraphs: In 2020, he lost his re-election bid to Irfaan Ali.


title: President of Guyana

paragraphs: The President of the Co-operative Republic of Guyana is the head of state and the head of government of Guyana, as well as the commander-in-chief of the armed forces of the Republic, according to the Constitution of Guyana.

paragraphs: The President is also the Chancellor of the Orders of Guyana.


title: Hamilton Green

paragraphs: Hamilton Green (born 9 November 1934) is Guyanese politician and once Prime Minister of Guyana.

paragraphs: He was a member of People's National Congress and chosen as one of the five Vice Presidents in the cabinet of Forbes Burnham in October 1980. He also served as the Prime Minister of Guyana from 6 August 1985 to 9 October 1992.


title: Mette-Marit, Crown Princess of Norway

paragraphs: Mette-Marit, Crown Princess of Norway (born Mette-Marit Tjessem Høiby, , on 19 August 1973) is the wife of Crown Prince Haakon, heir apparent to the throne of Norway.

paragraphs: She was a controversial figure at the time of her engagement to Haakon in 2000. She became crown princess of Norway upon her marriage in 2001. In this role, she has championed humanitarian projects and arts, as well as taking part in official visits at home and abroad.

paragraphs: In October 2018 she was diagnosed with pulmonary fibrosis, which will limit her official programmes.


title: Haakon, Crown Prince of Norway

paragraphs: Haakon, Crown Prince of Norway (; Haakon Magnus; born 20 July 1973) is the only son and younger child of King Harald V and Queen Sonja and heir apparent to the throne of Norway.

paragraphs: He has an older sister, Princess Märtha Louise. In accordance with Norway's agnatic primogeniture succession, Haakon became crown prince when his father ascended the throne in 1991.

paragraphs: The Skaugum Estate, situated in the area of Semsvannet, is the official residence of the Crown Prince and Crown Princess.


title: Nafisa Ali

paragraphs: Nafisa Ali (born 18 January 1957) is an Indian Bengali actress, activist and politician. She is a member of the Indian National Congress. Ali was born in Kolkata, West Bengal.

paragraphs: She has acted in several Bollywood movies, the notable ones being "Junoon" (1979) with Shashi Kapoor, "Major Saab" with Amitabh Bachchan (1998), "Bewafaa" (2005), "Life In A... Metro" (2007) and "Yamla Pagla Deewana" (2010) with Dharmendra.

paragraphs: In November 2018, Ali was diagnosed with stage 3 peritoneal and ovarian cancer.


title: Sheila Miyoshi Jager

paragraphs: Sheila Miyoshi Jager (born 1963) is an American historian. She is a Professor of East Asian Studies at Oberlin College. She is the author of two books on Korea and the co-editor of a third book on Asian nations in the post-Cold War era. She is known for her relationship with Barack Obama before his marriage with Michelle Obama.

paragraphs: In the 1980s, Jager lived with Barack Obama, then a community organizer in Chicago. In 1986, Obama asked her parents if he could marry her, but they rejected. Shortly after he entered the Harvard Law School, Obama proposed to Jager a second time, but she rejected him.


title: Bolingbrook, Illinois

paragraphs: The village of Bolingbrook is a southwest suburb of Chicago that is partially in both Will and DuPage counties in the U.S. state of Illinois. As of the 2017 US Census, the population is 75,201. It is the state's second largest village.


title: Arlington Heights, Illinois

paragraphs: Arlington Heights is a village in Cook County in the U.S. state of Illinois. A suburb of Chicago, it lies about northwest of the city's downtown. The population was 75,101 at the 2010 census. It is the largest village in the United States.


title: Heather Nauert

paragraphs: Heather Ann Nauert (born January 27, 1970) is an American journalist and government official. She is Spokesperson for the United States Department of State since April 24, 2017, appointed by President Donald Trump.

paragraphs: Nauret is a former ABC News correspondent and news presenter on the Fox News program "Fox & Friends". She also was Acting Under Secretary of State for Public Diplomacy and Public Affairs from March to October 2018.

paragraphs: On November 1, 2018, it was reported that President Trump offered Nauert the position of United States Ambassador to the United Nations to replace the outgoing officeholder, Nikki Haley. On December 7, 2018, President Trump nominated her to replace Haley. She withdrew her nomination on February 16, 2019.


title: Markice Moore

paragraphs: Markice Moore, also known as Kesan, (born July 31, 1986) is an American actor, rapper and Reality TV star. He is best known for playing Ryan Payne in "Tyler Perry's The Paynes"

paragraphs: Moore is known for MTV's "From G's to Gents" (Season 1) and Warner Bros. Pictures' "ATL". He is best known from punching fellow cast member E6 in the face during the reunion episode of MTV's "From G's To Gents" (Season 1).

paragraphs: In 2012, Moore portrayed Andrew on "The Walking Dead" television series. Moore had originally auditioned for the pilot episode for the role of T-Dog, which went to IronE Singleton.

paragraphs: In 2018, he earned the role of Ryan Payne on the OWN sitcom, "Tyler Perry's The Paynes". Moore's character, Ryan.

paragraphs: In 2010, Moore was charged with cruelty to children, after police investigators determined that he assaulted his infant daughter.

paragraphs: In 2011 the charges against Moore were suspended. He went on to marry his child's mother and had another baby girl.


title: Stephanie Charles

paragraphs: Stephanie Charles (born May 24, 1979) is an American actress. She is best known for playing Nyla Payne in "Tyler Perry's The Paynes".

paragraphs: In 2018, she played the role of Nyla Payne on the OWN sitcom, "Tyler Perry's The Paynes". Her character is Nyla.


title: Robert Catesby

paragraphs: Robert Catesby (3 March 1572 – 8 November 1605) was a conspirator and leader of group who planned the Gunpowder Plot, but failed.


title: Harrow, London

paragraphs: Harrow is a borough in the northwestern suburbs of London. It is 12 miles (16 km) from the center of the British capital. Before that, it was a town in Middlesex.


title: Double-layer capacitance

paragraphs: Double-layer capacitance is the storing of electrical energy by means of the electrical double layer effect.

paragraphs: Double layer capacitance is when an electrode and a liquid solution are touching each other, causing the charges to line up and allowing electricity to be stored there. The double layer is created when the electrode’s surface is charged through the application of electricity. This causes oppositely charged molecules to be attracted to the surface (since opposites attract). This first layer is well attached to the electrode surface, causing it to be semi-permanent. The second layer (with opposite charge) is held by this first layer, making it less attached to the electrode than the first layer. These two layers are separated by a single atomic layer of uncharged molecules in the solution. These alternating layers of charges have the ability to store electrical energy, in a way that depends on the amount of electricity initially applied to the electrode. Once this charge is stored in the device, the source of electricity can be removed and the circuit can still be powered from this stored electricity contained in this device, until it is used up.

paragraphs: The amount of electric charge stored in double-layer capacitance is linearly proportional to the applied voltage. It depends mainly on the electrode surface. The unit of capacitance is the farad.

paragraphs: A capacitor is a very common electrical circuit device that can store electrical energy as charge. It works based on the idea that you can have a separation between two conductive plates and store a charge on the surface of these plates. However, if too much electricity is stored in the plates, it can jump across the gap causing less energy to be stored. The amount of charge stored in the capacitor can be increased by putting a dielectric material between the plates; air plays this role if no other material is present. This helps to prevent the charge from crossing the gap between the two electrodes, which allows more charge to be stored in this manner.

paragraphs: By using a solution instead of the dielectric material, more energy can be stored within the device. When the capacitor becomes charged, the positively charged molecules in the solution become attracted to the negatively charged electrode (and opposite for the positively charged electrode). These positively charged molecules then become attached to the surface of the electrode, and pull in negatively charged molecules from the solution to form a spherical shape; however, these molecules are not attached as strongly. These two layers in the solution prevent the similar charges from pushing each other apart as much leading to an increase in the amount of charge the device can store. In experiments, it has been seen that there is a voltage drop across this layer, which works in the same way as a capacitor. This led to the first use of the term "electrical double layer" in the 1850s by Helmholtz and later being changed to "electrical double layer capacitance" (EDLC). Since this double layer capacitance happens at both electrodes, the theoretical capacitance of the entire device can be raised substantially. However, there are several other factors which can come into play, causing the actual capacitance of the device to not see as much benefit as expected.

paragraphs: When the double layer capacitance idea is used to create a device, they are sometimes called "ultracapacitors" because they store energy by separating the charges (like a capacitor but capable of storing more energy), instead of using a chemical reaction to store electricity. This means that the devices can work correctly for a much longer period of time and charging a device like this takes less time than charging a traditional battery. However, the solution will dry up over time, causing the device to eventually fail. Currently there are several devices that use this technology, including: wireless modems, GPS devices, CMOS computer chips, solar battery operated chips, windmills, electric cars, and power tools.

paragraphs: The electric double layer capacitor (EDLC) has the ability to power a device for longer than a traditional capacitor, but cannot give as much instant energy as the traditional capacitor, which can discharge all at once. Rechargeable batteries can power a device for longer than the EDLC per charge, but cannot deliver as much instant energy.


title: Arthyde, Minnesota

paragraphs: Arthyde is an unincorporated community in Aitkin County, Minnesota.


title: JD McCrary

paragraphs: JayDon McCrary (born July 18, 2007) is an American singer, dancer and actor from Los Angeles, California. He is currently starring in "Tyler Perry's The Paynes" as Kenny Payne on the Oprah Winfrey Network. He will also provide the voice of Young Simba in a remake of the Disney movie "The Lion King" (2019).

paragraphs: McCrary began his acting career in 2015 at age 8 on "K.C. Undercover", where he appeared on two episodes. In 2016, he made a guest appearance on Childish Gambino's song "Terrified". In 2017, he later appeared on "I'm Dying Up Here" and "Teachers" as minor roles. He then had live performances on "Little Big Shots" singing The Jackson 5's "I Want You Back", "The Ellen Show" singing "Who's Loving You", and the 60th Annual Grammy Awards to support Childish Gambino's "Terrified".

paragraphs: McCrary stars in "Tyler Perry's The Paynes" on the Oprah Winfrey Network. McCrary officially joined the Disney/Hollywood Records. He will also be acting as the young Dr. Dre on Apple's "Vital Signs" and will provide the voice of Young Simba in a remake of the Disney film "The Lion King" in 2019.

paragraphs: In an interview with Vibe magazine, McCrary cited Michael Jackson as his biggest influence, as well as Stevie Wonder, Bruno Mars, Justin Bieber, and Chris Brown.


title: Sanai Victoria

paragraphs: Sanai Victoria (born January 15, 2007) is an American actor from Los Angeles, California. She is currently starring in "Tyler Perry's The Paynes" as Lynn Payne on the Oprah Winfrey Network.


title: Jay Weatherill

paragraphs: Jay Wilson Weatherill (born 3 April 1964) is an Australian politician. He was the 45th Premier of South Australia from 21 October 2011 to 19 March 2018, from the Labor Party.


title: Steven Marshall

paragraphs: Steven Spence Marshall (born 21 January 1968) is the 46th Premier of South Australia. He became Premier 19 March 2018, from the Liberal Party.


title: Anthony O. Dalton

paragraphs: Anthony O. Dalton (born July 1, 1980) is an American actor. He is best known for playing Terrance in "Tyler Perry's The Paynes".


title: Primate city

paragraphs: Primate cities are cities in a country that have far more people and influence than every other city in it. For it to be called a primate city, it must have more than two times as many people and two times as much influence (such as in the country's economy, resources, education, health care, etc.) than the country's second largest city. Countries with primate cities usually have a large inequality in its development, but richer countries as well as poorer countries can have primate cities.

paragraphs: An example of a rich country having a primate city is the United Kingdom, where its largest city London has more than eight times as many people as its second largest city Birmingham.

paragraphs: Bangkok is the world's most primate city because its population is 50 times bigger than the second largest city in Thailand and 70% of the country's resources go to Bangkok.

paragraphs: New York City is the largest city and the largest economy in the United States, but it is not a primate city. New York City has 21 million residents, and Los Angeles has a population of 16 million.


title: Chicory

paragraphs: Common chicory, "Cichorium intybus", is a somewhat woody, perennial herbaceous plant of the dandelion family Asteraceae. It usually has bright blue flowers, rarely white or pink.

paragraphs: It is often used as a food plant, and often as a coffee substitute. Many varieties are cultivated for salad leaves, chicons (blanched buds), or roots. The roots of variety "sativum" are baked, ground, and used as a coffee substitute and food additive.

paragraphs: In the 21st century, inulin, an extract from chicory root, has been used in food manufacturing as a sweetener and source of dietary fibre.

paragraphs: Chicory is grown as a forage crop for livestock. It lives as a wild plant on roadsides in its native Europe, and is now common in North America, China, and Australia, where it has become widely introduced.

paragraphs: "Chicory" is also the common name in the United States for curly endive ("Cichorium endivia"). These two closely related species are often confused.


title: LaVan Davis

paragraphs: LaVan Davis (born September 21, 1966) is an American singer, comedian, and actor best known for his starring role as Curtis Payne on the TBS comedy-drama "Tyler Perry's House of Payne" and on the OWN comedy-drama "Tyler Perry's The Paynes". Davis has also played many roles in Tyler Perry's various productions.

paragraphs: Davis' acting career began in 2004 with his first role as Leroy in the film, "Mindbenders". In 2005, he made a guest appearance in a two episodes of "Everybody Hates Chris" as a preacher. The following year, Davis was cast as the cranky patriarch of the Payne family, Curtis Payne, in the TBS sitcom "Tyler Perry's House of Payne". Davis worked with Perry again in two of his feature films including "Daddy's Little Girls" in 2007 and "Tyler Perry's Meet the Browns" in 2008.

paragraphs: In addition to his work in films and television, Davis has also appeared in the stage plays "Why Did I Get Married?" as Poppy, and "Madea Goes to Jail" as Leo.


title: Cassi Davis

paragraphs: Cassandra Davis Patton (born July 30, 1964) is an American actress and singer who is best known for her role as Ella Payne on "Tyler Perry's House of Payne and its spin-off series The Paynes". She has also starred in several other productions under the direction of Tyler Perry.

paragraphs: Born in Holly Springs, Mississippi, Davis' acting career began in 1988 with her role in the Spike Lee film "School Daze". Her early television credits include appearances on "Living Single", "Married... with Children", "Kenan & Kel", "Boycott", and "The PJ's". She established her acting career by appearing in Tyler Perry productions such as "Madea's Family Reunion", "Madea Goes to Jail", "Daddy's Little Girls", and Tyler Perry's House of Payne.

paragraphs: Davis attended Spelman College in Atlanta and majored in music. She left the college one credit short of graduation, because she was not allowed to perform religious music during her senior recital. Davis returned to Spelman in 2008 to complete her degree, graduating in November of that year.

paragraphs: She has credited her devout, born-again Christian faith as the main reason behind her professional success.


title: Pink and white lady slipper

paragraphs: The Pink and White Lady Slipper was made the official state flower of Minnesota in 1967. Lady Slippers are also called the moccasin flower.

paragraphs: There color is pink and white. They can live up to fifty years but take up to sixteen years to develop their fruit. Since 1925 the Lady Slipper has been protected and is illegal to pick or un earth the flower from its roots. The flower can be found in the northern part of Minnesota where there are swamps, bogs, wet meadows, and wet prairies. They are also known as the Queen's Lady slipper and are a type of orchid.


title: Matthew Law

paragraphs: Matthew Law is an American actor. He is known for his roles as Kendrick on the television series "The Paynes" as Young Colby on the television series "Shooter" and Agent Julian in "Marvel: Agents of Shield" (2019 TV Series). He will appear as Kareem Richardson in Tyler Perry's exciting new television drama "The Oval," (BET, October 2019).


title: Gilmer McCormick

paragraphs: Gilmer McCormick (born March 13, 1947) is an American actress and singer, best known for her performance in the stage and film versions of "Godspell" in the early 1970s and for her role as Sister Margaret in "Silent Night, Deadly Night".

paragraphs: Born in Louisville, Kentucky, she graduated from Moravian Academy in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania in 1965. She attended Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh.


title: Adrenal tumor

paragraphs: An adrenal tumor or adrenal mass is any benign or malignant neoplasms of the adrenal gland. They are known to overproduce endocrine hormones.

paragraphs: Adrenal cancer is when there are malignant adrenal tumors, and includes neuroblastoma, adrenocortical carcinoma and some adrenal pheochromocytomas. Most adrenal pheochromocytomas and all adrenocortical adenomas are benign tumors, which do not metastasize or destroy nearby tissues, but may cause significant health problems by unbalancing hormones.


title: Storting

paragraphs: The Storting ( , "the great "thing"" or "the great assembly") is the supreme legislature of Norway. It was created in 1814 by the Constitution of Norway. It is located in Oslo. The unicameral parliament has 169 members, and is elected every four years based on party-list proportional representation in nineteen constituencies.

paragraphs: A member of the Storting is known in Norwegian as a "stortingsrepresentant", literally "Storting representative".


title: The Paynes

paragraphs: The Paynes is an American television sitcom that premiered on January 16, 2018, on the Oprah Winfrey Network. The show was created, written, and directed by Tyler Perry and serves as a sequel to his previous series, "Tyler Perry's House of Payne".

paragraphs: The Paynes picks up where Curtis and Ella Payne have decided to take the next step in their lives—retirement. A death in the family has the whole family traveling to Sun Coast, Florida, to attend the funeral of Curtis' Uncle Robert. Their trip takes an unexpected turn when Ella and Curtis get roped into a real estate deal, landing them in a new community with a new church and unfamiliar family members. The family is thrown straight back into the issues that viewers find in their everyday lives. As life lessons abound, Ella finds a new business, new home and new purpose.

paragraphs: LaVan Davis and Cassi Davis are the only cast members who appear in every episode.

paragraphs: On June 22, 2018, OWN announced the show's return for the second half for the first season to premiere on July 20, 2018. The second season returns in 2019 on OWN.

paragraphs: Curtis Payne (LaVan Davis) and Ella Payne (Cassi Davis) will be returning as series regulars.

paragraphs: JoAnn Payne (Jackée Harry), Nyla (Stephanie Charles), Ryan (Markice Moore), Kenny (JD McCrary), Lynn (Sanai Victoria), Terrance (Anthony O. Dalton) and Kendrick (Matthew Law) will be joining the cast as series regulars.

paragraphs: Calvin Payne (Lance Gross), CJ Payne (Allen Payne), Janine Payne (Demetria McKinney), Malik Payne (Doc Shaw) and Jazmine Payne (China Anne McClain) will not be returning as series regulars, but they will be back as recurring cast members.

paragraphs: Claretha Jenkins (Denise Burse) and Miranda Lucas-Payne (Keisha Knight Pulliam) will not return at all.


title: Allen Payne

paragraphs: Allen Payne (born July 7, 1968) is an American actor. He is known for his role as C.J. Payne on "Tyler Perry's House of Payne" television show.


title: Demetria McKinney

paragraphs: Demetria Dyan McKinney (born August 27, 1979) is an American actress and singer.


title: Doc Shaw

paragraphs: Larramie Cortez "Doc" Shaw (born April 24, 1992) is an African-American actor, singer, and rapper.


title: Jackée Harry

paragraphs: Jacqueline Yvonne Harry, also known as Jackée, (born August 14, 1956) is an American actress, singer, comedian, and director. She is best known for her role as Sandra Clark "227". She is the first African-American to win an Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Comedy Series.


title: William Mullan

paragraphs: William Joseph Mullan (30 March 1928 – 13 November 2018) was a Scottish football referee. He was born in Cardenden, Scotland. In 1962, Mullan became a referee in the Scottish Division One. Three years later, he was appointed as a FIFA referee. In 1972, Mullan was selected as a referee for UEFA Euro 1972.

paragraphs: Mullan died on 13 November 2018 in Edinburgh, Scotland at the age of 90.


title: Sigmund Steinnes

paragraphs: Sigmund Steinnes (19 January 1959 – 15 November 2018) was a Norwegian politician. He was a member of the Labour Party. He was born in Nordnes, Norway. In the 2013 elections, he was elected as a deputy representative to the Parliament of Norway from Troms. In the 2011 elections he was elected as the mayor of Storfjord.

paragraphs: Steinnes died of pancreatic cancer on 15 November 2018 in Oslo, aged 59.


title: Scott English

paragraphs: Scott English (born Sheldon David English; January 10, 1937 – November 16, 2018) was an American songwriter and record producer. He was born in New York City.

paragraphs: English was best known as the co-writer of "Brandy" with Richard Kerr. This song became a No. 1 hit for Barry Manilow in 1974, under the revised title of "Mandy". English had also released a single of "Brandy", which reached No. 12 in the UK Singles Chart in November 1971.

paragraphs: His other best known works were "Hi Ho Silver Lining", "Bend Me, Shape Me", "Help Me Girl" and "Where Are You?" (which was used by the United Kingdom in the 1998 Eurovision Contest).

paragraphs: English died on November 16, 2018 in London at the age of 81.


title: Hiromasa Yonekura

paragraphs: Yonekura died on November 16, 2018 in Tokyo at the age of 81.


title: Alí Rodríguez Araque

paragraphs: Alí Rodríguez Araque (9 September 1937 – 19 November 2018) was a Venezuelan politician, lawyer, and diplomat. He was born in Ejido, Mérida, Venezuela.

paragraphs: He was the leader of the party Patria Para Todos. He worked under the Hugo Chávez administration, such as oil advisor, General Secretary of OPEC, President of Petróleos de Venezuela (PDVSA), Minister of External Relations and Ambassador to Cuba. He was appointed as Minister of Finance in June 2008. His last occupation was Ambassador of Venezuela from 2014 until his death in 2018.

paragraphs: Rodríguez Araque died on 19 November 2018 in Havana, Cuba from a heart attack at the age of 81.


title: Roy Bailey (folk singer)

paragraphs: Roy Bailey, (20 October 1935 – 20 November 2018) was an English socialist folk singer-songwriter and guitarist. He was known for his songs "Songs of Life from a Dying British Empire" and "Gentle Men". He worked with Robb Johnson. Bailey was born in London.

paragraphs: Bailey died on 20 November 2018 in Sheffield, England from heart failure at the age of 83.


title: Fluorescence microscope

paragraphs: A fluorescence microscope is an optical microscope that uses fluorescence and phosphorescence to study organic or inorganic substances. "Fluorescence microscope" means any microscope that uses fluorescence to make a picture. This applies whether it is a more simple set up or a more complicated design.

paragraphs: Most fluorescence microscopes, especially those used in the life sciences, are of the epifluorescence design shown in the diagram. Light of the excitation wavelength illuminates the specimen through the objective lens. The fluorescence emitted by the specimen is focused onto the detector. The dichroic beamsplitter acts as a wavelength specific filter, transmitting fluoresced light through to the eyepiece or detector, but reflecting any remaining excitation light back towards the source.


title: Anthony Di Ninno

paragraphs: Anthony Di Ninno is an American animation department and visual effects artist and supervisor.


title: White currant

paragraphs: The white currant, or whitecurrant is a cultivar of the red currant. They are flowering plants in the family Grossulaceae native to Europe. Usually, they grow as a shrub and can reach a height of about tall. The plants have palmate leaves, and masses of spherical, edible fruit (berries) in summer. The white currant differs from the red currant only in the colour and flavour of these fruits, which are a translucent white and sweeter.

paragraphs: It is sometimes mislabelled as "Ribes glandulosum", (which is the skunk currant in USA).

paragraphs: Unlike their close relative the blackcurrant, red and white currants are cultivated for their ornamental value as well as their berries.

paragraphs: Currant bushes grow best in partial to full sunlight and can be planted between November and March in well-drained, slightly neutral to acid soil. They are relatively low-maintenance plants, but are considered cool-climate plants and fruit better in northern areas. They can also be grown in large containers.

paragraphs: The firm and juicy fruit are usually harvested in summer. Whole trusses of fruits should be cut instead of individual fruit, and then either used, or they can be stored in a fridge. They can also be bagged and frozen.

paragraphs: Various forms are known including; 'White Grape', 'Blanka' and 'Versailles Blanche' (syn ‘White Versailles’), and 'White Pearl'.

paragraphs: The cultivar 'White Grape' has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit. There are also cultivars with yellow and pink fruit, called respectively yellow currants and pink currants.

paragraphs: The bushes can suffer from pests such as gooseberry sawfly and birds.

paragraphs: White currant berries are slightly smaller and sweeter than red currants. When made into jams and jellies the result is normally pink. The white currant is actually an albino cultivar of the red currant but is marketed as a different fruit.

paragraphs: White currants are rarely specified in savoury cooking recipes compared with their red counterparts. They are often served raw and provide a sweetly tart flavor. White currant preserves, jellies, wines and syrups are also produced. In particular, white currants are the classic ingredient in the highly regarded Bar-le-duc or Lorraine jelly although preparations made of red currants can also be found.

paragraphs: The berries are a good source of vitamins C and K, and are rich in iron, copper and manganese.


title: American Wedding

paragraphs: American Wedding is a 2003 American sex comedy movie and a sequel to American Pie and American Pie 2. It is the third (originally intended final) installment in the "American Pie" theatrical series. It was written by Adam Herz and directed by Jesse Dylan. Another sequel, American Reunion, was released nine years later. This also stands as the last movie in the series to be written by Herz, who conceptualized the franchise.


title: Apisai Ielemia

paragraphs: Apisai Ielemia (19 August 1955 – 19 November 2018) was a Tuvaluan politician. He was the tenth Prime Minister of Tuvalu from 2006 to 2010, and was returned as a member of parliament in 2010. He was re-elected to parliament in 2015.

paragraphs: On 5 October 2016, the High Court of Tuvalu declared that Ielemia’s parliamentary seat was vacant as he was not qualified to be a member of parliament, following his conviction on 6 May 2016 in the Magistrate’s Court of charges of abuse of office during the final year of his term as Prime Minister. Ielemia said he believed himself to be a member of parliament. Ielemia challenged the decision in 2017.


title: Enele Sopoaga

paragraphs: Enele Sosene Sopoaga PC (born 10 February 1956) is a Tuvaluan politician. He is the 12th and current Prime Minister of Tuvalu since 2013.


title: Prime Minister of Tuvalu

paragraphs: The Prime Minister of Tuvalu is the head of government of Tuvalu. Because of Tuvalu's constitution, the prime minister must always be a member of the Parliament, and is elected by parliament in a secret ballot.

paragraphs: Because there are no political parties in Tuvalu, any member of parliament can be nominated for the role. After the parliament vote, the Governor-General of Tuvalu must swear in the prime minister.

paragraphs: The office of prime minister was created when Tuvalu gained independence in 1978. Several former prime ministers have been appointed the Governor-General of Tuvalu.


title: Tomasi Puapua

paragraphs: Sir Tomasi Puapua (born 10 September 1938) is a Tuvaluan politician. He was the Prime Minister of Tuvalu from 1981 to 1989 and then Governor-General of Tuvalu from 1998 to 2003. In 1998 he was made a Knight Commander of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire (KBE) for services to medicine, politics and the community.


title: Kamuta Latasi

paragraphs: Sir Kamuta Latasi (born September 4, 1936) is a Tuvaluan politician. He was elected to the Parliament of Tuvalu in 1992. Latasi was the 4th Prime Minister of Tuvalu from 1993 until 1996. He was the Speaker of parliament from 2006 to September 2010 and again from December 2010 to March 2014.


title: Toaripi Lauti

paragraphs: Sir Toaripi Lauti (28 November 1928 – 25 May 2014) was a Tuvaluan politician. He was chief minister of the Colony of Tuvalu (1975–78), as the first prime minister following Tuvalu's independence (1978-1981) and governor-general of Tuvalu (1990-1993).


title: Governor-General of Tuvalu

paragraphs: The Governor-General of Tuvalu is the representative of the Tuvaluan monarch (currently Queen Elizabeth II) and performs the duties of the Queen in her absence.

paragraphs: The office has existed since Tuvalu was granted independence from the United Kingdom on 1 October 1978. The current incumbent is Iakoba Italeli ().


title: Iakoba Italeli

paragraphs: Sir Iakoba Taeia Italeli, GCMG, is a Tuvaluan politician. He is the Governor-General of Tuvalu since on 16 April 2010. He is also a former Attorney General of Tuvalu who served from 2002 to 2006.


title: John Hartnell

paragraphs: John Hartnell was an explorer in the Franklin's Lost Expedition who died early in the trip.

paragraphs: Studies showed that Hartnell may have died from a Zinc Deficiency.


title: Mac Collins

paragraphs: Michael Allen "Mac" Collins (October 15, 1944 – November 20, 2018) was an American politician. He was a Republican politician. Collins was a member of the United States House of Representatives from 1993 to 2005, representing (previously from 1993 to 2003).

paragraphs: In 2004, he was an unsuccessful candidate for the United States Senate loosing the nomination to Johnny Isakson. He was born in Jackson, Georgia.

paragraphs: Collins died on November 20, 2018 in Flovilla, Georgia at the age of 74.


title: Jackson, Georgia

paragraphs: Jackson is a city in Butts County, Georgia, United States. The city is the county seat of Butts County. The population was 5,045 in 2010.


title: Shlomo Erell

paragraphs: Shlomo Erell (20 November 1920 – 20 November 2018) was an Israeli military personnel. He was a Major General in the IDF, and the seventh Commander of the Israeli Navy. He was born in Łódź, Poland. In the 1970s, he became a member of the Likud party and from time to time he was brought in by Israeli leaders as an advisor of Naval issues.

paragraphs: Erell died on 20 November 2018, on his 98th birthday.


title: Franklin's lost expedition

paragraphs: Franklin's Lost Expedition was a trip to find the Northwest Passage. During the trip, everyone in the crew got lost or died.

paragraphs: Many people have tried to look for Franklin and what has happened to his crew, but they were not found until later on. Later on bodies of the three explores John Torrington, John Hartnell, and William Braine were discovered.

paragraphs: Then HMS Erebus was found in 2014 of September South of King William Island in Canada


title: Anvar Khamei

paragraphs: Anvar Khāmahʼī (20 March 1917 – 20 November 2018) was an Iranian sociologist, economist, journalist, and politician. He wrote many books in his specialty fields, including his analytical and critical book "Revisionism from Marx to Mao Tse-Tung". He was a university professor at the Université catholique de Louvain in Belgium.

paragraphs: Khamei was an activist of the Tudeh Party of Iran in the 1940s, but he quit in January 1948.

paragraphs: Khamei died on 20 November 2018 at the age of 101 from respiratory failure in Karaj, Iran.


title: Eimuntas Nekrošius

paragraphs: Eimuntas Nekrošius (November 21, 1952 – November 20, 2018) was a Lithuanian theatre director. He was born in Pažobris village, Raseiniai district municipality, Lithuania. His career began in 1979. He worked with the Kaunas State Drama Theatre. A movie actor, Nekrošius was known for his role in "The Corridor". He directed plays such as "Macbeth", "Hamlet", "The Day Lasts More Than a Hundred Years" and "Faust".

paragraphs: On November 20, 2018, one day shy of his 66th birthday, Nekrošius died in Vilnius, Lithuania of a heart attack at the age of 65.


title: Meena Alexander

paragraphs: Meena Alexander (17 February 1951 – 21 November 2018) was an Indian poet, scholar, and writer. She was Distinguished Professor of English at Hunter College and at the CUNY Graduate Center in the PhD program in English.

paragraphs: She published two novels, "Nampally Road" (1991)—which was a Village Voice Literary Supplement Editor's Choice—and "Manhattan Music" (1997), and two academic studies, "The Poetic Self" (1979) and "Women in Romanticism" (1989). "Fault Lines" was chosen by "Publishers Weekly" as one of the best books of the year in 1993. "Illiterate Heart" won the 2002 PEN Open Book Award.

paragraphs: She died on November 21, 2018, at age 67, in New York City.


title: Olivia Hooker

paragraphs: Olivia J. Hooker (February 12, 1915 – November 21, 2018) was an American psychologist and professor. She was a survivor of the Tulsa race massacre. She was the first African-American woman to enter the U.S. Coast Guard in February 1945.

paragraphs: She was in the Coast Guard until her unit was disbanded in mid-1946. She later became a psychologist and a professor at Fordham University.

paragraphs: On November 21, 2018, Hooker died in White Plains, New York, at the age of 103.


title: Igor Korobov

paragraphs: Colonel general Igor Valentinovich Korobov (И́горь Валенти́нович Ко́робов, 3 August 1956 – 21 November 2018) was a Russian intelligence officer. He was the Chief of the Main Directorate of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, Russia's military intelligence agency from 2016 until his death in 2018. Korobov was born in Vyazma, a town in Russia's Smolensk Oblast.

paragraphs: On 29 December 2016, Korobov was one of the individuals sanctioned by the United States Department of the Treasury for "malicious cyber-enabled activities" threatening the national security of the United States.

paragraphs: Korobov died on 21 November 2018 after a long and serious illness in Moscow at the age of 62.


title: M. I. Shanavas

paragraphs: M. I. Shanavas (22 September 1951 – 21 November 2018) was an Indian politician. He was the working president of the Kerala Pradesh Congress Committee and a member of parliament of the 16th Lok Sabha of India from 2009 until his death in 2018. Shanavas was born in Kottayam, India. He was a member of the Indian National Congress.

paragraphs: Shanavas died on 21 November 2018 in Chennai, India following complications from a liver transplant at the age of 67.


title: Lau Nai-keung

paragraphs: Lau Nai-keung (, 1947 – 21 November 2018) was a Hong Kong academic, businessman, and politician. He was the chairman of Long View Cultural Services Limited, a research fellow at Hong Kong Polytechnic University, a member of the Basic Law Consultative Committee and the Commission on Strategic Development.

paragraphs: Lau was a member of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference from 1987 to 2007.

paragraphs: Lau died on 21 November 2018 in Happy Valley, Hong Kong from colorectal cancer at the age of 71.


title: Soslan Andiyev

paragraphs: Soslan Petrovich Andiyev (, 21 April 1952 – 22 November 2018) was a heavyweight freestyle wrestler from Ossetia.

paragraphs: He was an Olympic champion in 1976 and 1980, world champion in 1973, 1975, 1977 and 1978, European champion in 1974, 1975 and 1982, and Soviet champion in 1973–78 and 1980. He won the World Cup in 1976 and 1981, but missed the 1984 Olympics due to their boycott by the Soviet Union and retired the same year.

paragraphs: After that he first worked as a national wrestling coach, but in 1989 returned to his native Ossetia to become a sports functionary.

paragraphs: In 2006 he was inducted into the FILA Wrestling Hall of Fame.


title: Baishnab Charan Parida

paragraphs: Baishnab Charan Parida (15 February 1941 – 22 November 2018) was a BJD politician, writer and social activist. He was a Member of Rajya Sabha (the upper house of India's Parliament) and represented Odisha. He was a Socialist. Parida was born in Jajpur, Odisha.

paragraphs: Parida died on 22 November 2018 from liver cancer in Bhubaneshwar, India at the age of 77.


title: Jose Peralta

paragraphs: José Rafael Peralta (November 10, 1971 – November 22, 2018) was an American politician. He was born in New York City. He was in the New York State Assembly and New York State Senate. He was a member of the Democratic Party. He last represented District 13 in the State Senate. He was elected in a landslide to the New York State Senate on March 16, 2010.

paragraphs: Peralta died at the age of 47 on November 22, 2018 of a heart attack in New York City.


title: Ring-necked snake

paragraphs: Diadophis punctatus, also called the ring-necked snake, is a species of snake. Ring-necked snakes live in eastern and central North America. There are many colors and patterns of ring-necked snake. It is called the ring-necked snake because it has a stripe around its neck that looks like a ring.

paragraphs: Ring-necked snakes live in the United States, central Mexico, and southeastern Canada. Ring-necked snakes are nocturnal, which means that they are awake at night. Ring-necked snakes are a little venomous, but they do not hurt people. This is because they are small and do not bite people much. When ring-necked snakes are scared, they curl up their tails.

paragraphs: Scientists think that there are many ring-necked snakes. Scientists do not know exactly how many ring-necked snakes there are. This is because scientists have not studied ring-necked snakes very much.

paragraphs: Ring-necked snakes are the only species of snake in their genus. There are 14 subspecies of ring-necked snake.

paragraphs: Ring-necked snakes are usually dark-colored, with a bright stripe around their necks. Ring-necked snakes that live in different areas may look different. Their heads are usually darker-colored than the rest of their bodies.

paragraphs: Snakes living in different areas are often different sizes. Adults are usually long. Young snakes less than a year old are usually about and grow about a year.

paragraphs: Ring-necked snakes have smooth scales with 15–17 rows of scales in middle of their bodies.

paragraphs: Ring-necked snakes live in many kinds of habitats. The Northern and western subspecies live in open woodlands near rocky hills, or in wetter environments with many places to hide. Southern subspecies mostly live in riparian and wet environments, especially in more arid, or dry, habitats. The snakes like it when their habitat is a little wet. Ring-necked snakes do not live higher than above sea level. In northern areas, ring-necked snakes may live in dens. Usually, more than one snake will live in one den. Ring-necked snakes often hide under pieces of wood. When it is hot, ring-necked snakes may make holes and burrows to hide in. They may also hide under rocks or other objects. Ring-necked snakes usually live in flatland forests.

paragraphs: Ring-necked snakes mostly eat salamanders, earthworms, and slugs. They sometimes eat lizards, frogs, and some young snakes of other species. Ring-necked snakes in different habitats may eat different amounts of some species. Ring-necked snakes kill their prey with constriction, which is squeezing prey to kill it, and envenomation, which is using their venom. Ring-necked snakes usually don't try to hurt bigger animals. Instead of biting bigger animals, the snake curls up its tail, showing its brightly colored stomach.

paragraphs: Coral snakes, kingsnakes, and racers are predators of ring-necked snakes. Sometimes, large spiders or centipedes will eat young ring-necked snakes.


title: Corydoras panda

paragraphs: Corydoras panda is a species of catfish. It is in the genus "Corydoras", which is in the family Callichthyidae. "Corydoras panda" lives in rivers in Peru and Ecuador. The species was first collected by Randolph H. Richards in 1968. It was named "Corydoras panda" by Nijssen and Isbrücker in 1971. It is called "Corydoras panda" because the black stripes around its eyes look similar to the eyes of the giant panda. The common names for this fish are panda corydoras and panda catfish. "Corydoras panda" is a popular species to keep in aquariums.


title: Gayla Peevey

paragraphs: Gayla Rienette Peevey (born March 8, 1943) is an American former singer and child star. She is best known for her humorous song "I Want a Hippopotamus for Christmas". Peevey recorded it under her maiden name in 1953 at age 10.

paragraphs: In 1960, under the name Jamie Horton, Peevey had a minor hit with the song "Robot Man", a Connie Francis cover.

paragraphs: Peevey graduated from San Diego State University with a Bachelor of Education degree. She later left teaching. She owned her own advertising business for 15 years.

paragraphs: Peevey was born in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. In 1948, she and her family moved to Ponca City.


paragraphs: The 2018 United States Senate election in Florida took place on November 6, 2018.

paragraphs: Bill Nelson ran for a fourth term. He ran against Republican Rick Scott.

paragraphs: The campaign was very competitive. It was one of the most competitive Senate elections in the nation.

paragraphs: The victory margin was very close, so a recount was needed to find a winner. On November 18, Rick Scott officially won the election.


title: Twice

paragraphs: TWICE (Hangul: 트와이스) is a South Korean girl group created through the reality show Sixteen and is made up of nine members: Nayeon, Jeongyeon, Momo, Sana, Jihyo, Mina, Dahyun, Chaeyoung and Tzuyu.

paragraphs: On October 20, 2015 Twice released their first Extended play The Story Begins.

paragraphs: On December 19, 2013, JYP Entertainment announced that they would create a new girl group in the first half of 2014, the first all girl group to come out of the company since Miss A in 2010. On February 27, 2014, JYP trainees Lena and Cecila were confirmed as members of the group called 6mix, while other rumored members included Nayeon, Jeongyeon, Jihyo and Minyoung. The group was eventually cancelled when Lena and Cecilia left the company.

paragraphs: In February, Park Jin-young announced the lineup of the upcoming girl group would feature seven members and be decided through Sixteen, a television competition show that would air on Mnet later that year. The show began on May 5 and ended with Nayeon, Jeongyeon, Sana, Jihyo, Mina, Dahyun and Chaeyoung as the seven Twice members. Later, Park decided to add two more girls into the group, making Twice a nine member group by adding Tzuyu, who was added as the audience favorite due to bring the most popular contestant by the end of the show and Momo, who was added by Park himself since he felt the group needed someone with Momo's performance abilities. Momo had already been eliminated a few episodes before the finale, so the decision was disliked by some fans.

paragraphs: On October 7, 2015 the group's official website was created and their first extended play (EP), 'The Story Begins', would be released with the single "'Like Ooh-Ahh'" which was released on October 20. On the same day as their EP's release the group performed all tracks at a live performance. The music video was watched 50 million times on YouTube within five months of it's release and became one of the most-viewed debut music videos of any K-pop group. The group performed "Like Ooh-Ahh" at "SBS Gayo Daejeon" at the end of 2015.

paragraphs: Twice released their second EP, Page Two, on April 25, 2016. It included their singles "Cheer Up" and "I'm Gonna Be A Star", the second which served as the theme song for "Sixteen". On May 5 Twice won their first music show award with "Cheer Up" on "M Countdown", which fell exactly one year after the first episode aired of Sixteen. By August, "Page Two" had sold over 150,000 copies making Twice the first girl group to have a sales record of more than 100,000 units that year.

paragraphs: In January, Twice began their first Japanese tour which was held from January 19th until February 1. Afterwards, Twice released their second Japanese single, "Candy Pop", on February 7 2018.

paragraphs: On April 9, they released their fifth EP, "What Is Love?". This EP gave Twice the title of the first female artists to gain a Platinum award in Korea, selling over 250,000 copies of the album. On April 24, Twice released the music video for their third Japan album, "Wake Me Up", which was released on May 16 2018. The release of the single album broke records of first day sales. Twice broke records in Japan with their three singles having sold almost 300,000 copies in the first week of being released.

paragraphs: Twice received its first-ever nomination and award at the 2015 Mnet Asian Music Awards with the Best New Female Artist award, followed by another New Artist Award at the 2016 Golden Disc Awards.


title: The Conners

paragraphs: The Conners is an American television sitcom. The show is a spin-off of the American television sitcom "Roseanne". The show follows the title family, the Conners.

paragraphs: The Conners are a working-class family. They work hard to get by on a limited household income. They're forced to face the daily struggles in their home in the fictional town of Lanford, Illinois.

paragraphs: The series stars John Goodman, Sara Gilbert, Lecy Goranson, Laurie Metcalf and Emma Kenney. Almost all continue their roles from the TV series "Roseanne".

paragraphs: Development on a spin-off began when the series "Roseanne" was canceled in May 2018. The show was canceled when actress Roseanne Barr made racist remarks on Twitter that month.

paragraphs: "The Conners" airs at tge same time that the previous show, "Roseanne", had been scheduled to air during the 2018–19 television season. It airs at 8:00 pm Eastern Time and 7:00 pm Central Time.

paragraphs: The show's first season began on October 26, 2018 on the ABC network.


title: Lehigh County, Pennsylvania

paragraphs: Lehigh County is a county of the U.S. state of Pennsylvania. As of the 2010 census, 349,497 people lived there. Its county seat is Allentown.


title: Elkhart, Texas

paragraphs: Elkhart is a town in the U.S. state of Texas.


title: Frankston, Texas

paragraphs: Frankston is a town in the U.S. state of Texas.


title: Alba, Texas

paragraphs: Alba is a town in the U.S. state of Texas.


title: Alma, Texas

paragraphs: Alma is a town in the U.S. state of Texas.


title: Alto, Texas

paragraphs: Alto is a town in Cherokee County, Texas. At the 2010 census 1,225 people lived there.


title: Mummy Juanita

paragraphs: Momia Juanita (Spanish for "Mummy Juanita"), also known as the Lady of Ampato, is the frozen body of girl who lived about 500 years ago and was used as an offering to the gods.

paragraphs: She was an Inca girl who was killed as an offering to the Inca gods. This was done sometime between 1450 and 1480 when she was about 12–15 years old. She was discovered in 1995 on Mount Ampato (part of the Andes cordillera) in southern Peru.


title: Marvin Zuckerman

paragraphs: Marvin Zuckerman (March 21, 1928 – November 8, 2018) was an American psychologist and writer. He was born in Chicago. Zuckerman was Professor Emeritus of Psychology at the University of Delaware. Zuckerman was best known for his research into the psychobiological basis of human personality, sensory deprivation, mood state measurement, and sensation seeking.

paragraphs: Zuckerman died in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania from cardiac arrest on November 8, 2018 at the age of 90.


paragraphs: The 2018 United States Senate election in North Dakota took place on November 6, 2018. Heidi Heitkamp ran for a second term. She ran against Republican Kevin Cramer.


title: Gene Berce

paragraphs: Eugene Daniel Berce (November 22, 1926 – November 17, 2018) was an American basketball player. He played for the Cornell Big Red and what are now the Marquette Golden Eagles. He was selected by the New York Knicks in the 1948 NBA Draft. He played for the Tri-Cities Blackhawks from 1949 to 1950.

paragraphs: Berce was born in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. He died of complications from a fall on November 17, 2018 in Milwaukee at the age of 91.


title: Eddie C. Campbell

paragraphs: Eddie C. Campbell (May 6, 1939 – November 20, 2018) was an American blues guitarist and singer in the Chicago blues scene. He was born in Duncan, Mississippi, but raised in Chicago. Campbell's debut album, "King of the Jungle" was released in 1977. Campbell's last album was "Spider Eating Preacher" (Delmark, 2012). It was nominated for a Blues Music Award in 2013 in the category Traditional Blues Album.

paragraphs: Campbell died in Oak Park, Illinois on November 20, 2018 from complications of a stroke, aged 79.


title: Tulsa race riot

paragraphs: The Tulsa race riot, sometimes called as the Tulsa massacre, Tulsa pogrom, or Tulsa race massacre, took place on May 31 and June 1, 1921, when a mob of white citizens attacked black residents and businesses in Tulsa, Oklahoma, United States.

paragraphs: This is considered one of the worst incidents of racial violence in the history of the United States. The attack was made on the ground and by air. It destroyed more than 35 blocks of the district. At the time it was the richest black community in the United States.

paragraphs: The riot injured over 800 people with an estimate of over 100 people killed.


title: Bujor Hălmăgeanu

paragraphs: Bujor Hălmăgeanu (14 February 1941 — 23 November 2018) was a Romanian association football defender and manager. He competed for his country at the 1964 Tokyo Olympics, where Romania reached the quarter-finals. He was born in Timişoara, Romania. Hălmăgeanu played for the Steaua București and the national team. He also managed Dacia Unirea Brăila.

paragraphs: Hălmăgeanu died on 23 November 2018 from respiratory failure in Bucharest at the age of 77.


title: Bob McNair

paragraphs: Robert C. McNair (1 January 1937 – 23 November 2018) was an American businessman and philanthropist. He was born in Tampa, Florida. McNair was the owner of the Houston Texans of the National Football League (NFL). In September 2015, his net worth was $3.3 billion.

paragraphs: McNair was a Republican having donated to many GOP political candidates such as Ted Cruz, Rick Perry, Marco Rubio, Rick Scott, Mitt Romney, John McCain and Mitch McConnell.

paragraphs: McNair died on November 23, 2018 in Houston, Texas from skin cancer at the age of 81.


title: Net worth

paragraphs: Net worth is the amount of all the non-financial or financial money owned by an institution or person. Net worth can apply to companies, individuals, governments or economic sectors such as the sector of financial corporations or to entire countries.


title: Monroe, Georgia

paragraphs: Monroe is a city in Walton County, Georgia, United States. It is located east of Atlanta. The population was 13,234 at the 2010 census and 13,858 at the 2016 census.

paragraphs: It was incorporated as a town in 1821 and as a city in 1896.


title: George Ty

paragraphs: George Siao Kian Ty ( 18 October 1932 – 23 November 2018) was a Filipino banker and business magnate. He founded Metropolitan Bank and Trust Company. He was born in Hong Kong. Ty had a net worth of $2.5 billion (September 2018).

paragraphs: Ty died on 23 November 2018 in Manila, Philippines from pancreatic cancer at the age of 86.


title: Montello, Wisconsin

paragraphs: Montello is a city in and the county seat of Marquette County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 1,495 at the 2010 census. The Fox River flows through the city. Montello is home to the largest tree in Wisconsin.


paragraphs: The 2018 United States Senate election in California took place on November 6, 2018. Incumbent Democrat Dianne Feinstein and Democrat Kevin de León won the primary election, so they were both featured in the general election.

paragraphs: Blue represents counties won by Feinstein. Green represents counties won by de León.


title: Power supply unit

paragraphs: A power supply unit (or PSU) converts mains AC to low-voltage regulated DC power for the internal components of a computer.

paragraphs: Modern personal computers always use switched-mode power supplies. Some power supplies have a manual switch for selecting input voltage, while others automatically adapt to the mains voltage.


title: Carleton University

paragraphs: Carleton University (previously Carleton College) is a public university in Ottawa, Canada. It started as a private evening college for veterans who were returning from World War II.


title: University of Ottawa

paragraphs: The University of Ottawa is a university in Ottawa, Canada. It is a bilingual university teaching in both French and English.


title: Algonquin College

paragraphs: Algonquin College is a college in Ottawa, Canada.


title: Ryerson University

paragraphs: The Ryerson University is a university in Toronto, Canada.