title: Mary Quant

paragraphs: Dame Barbara Mary Quant (born 11 February 1934) is a British fashion designer. In 1963, she won the "Sunday Times" International Fashion Award, and was chosen as "Woman of the Year".

paragraphs: Quant is famous as a designer who invented the miniskirt and hot pants. She was also instrumental in the mod fashion movement, and known for her use of pop art in fashion.

paragraphs: Born to Welsh parents in Blackheath, London, Quant went to Blackheath High School, then studied illustration at Goldsmiths College. Her first employment was as a couture milliner (hat maker).

paragraphs: In November 1955, she teamed up with her husband, Alexander Plunket Greene, and a former solicitor, Archie McNair, to open a clothes shop on the Kings Road in Chelsea called Bazaar. Bazaar's best sellers were small white plastic collars to brighten up black dresses or t-shirts. Black stretch stockings were also popular.

paragraphs: Skirts had been getting shorter since about 1958 – a development Mary Quant thought was practical and liberating, allowing women to run for a bus. The miniskirt, which she is most famous for, became one of the defining fashions of the 1960s. The miniskirt was also developed separately by André Courrèges and John Bates, and there is disagreement as to who came up with the idea first. Like most fashion, the short- and ever-shorter skirt was evolving already among fashion-minded young women: the designers who adapted it just helped spread the style and, in Quant's case, gave it a name. Mary Quant named the miniskirt after her favourite make of car, the Mini. She loved the car so much, she had one designed especially for her.

paragraphs: Quant's first collection of underwear was designed to be worn with the miniskirt look. She renamed the basics "booby traps and bacon savers" (bras and tights), which appealed to her young customers.

paragraphs: In addition to the miniskirt, Mary Quant is often credited with inventing the coloured and patterned tights (pantyhose) that often went with the miniskirt. These are also attributed to Cristobal Balenciaga or John Bates.

paragraphs: Tights worn over briefs or bikini panties were an essential accessory to the miniskirt, because the older method of stockings plus suspenders was no longer suitable, and legs need to be covered for most of the year in Britain. Often there would be a second pair of coloured short pants on top of the tights, for show. A range of materials and colours were used for the tights.

paragraphs: In the late 1960s, Quant popularised hot pants. Through the 1970s and 1980s she concentrated on household goods and make-up, rather than just her clothing lines. At a talk at the Victoria and Albert Museum in 2007 she claimed to have invented duvet covers.

paragraphs: She is a Fellow of the Chartered Society of Designers, and winner of the "Minerva Medal", the Society's highest award. In 1963 Quant was the first winner of the 'Dress of the Year' award.

paragraphs: In 2000 she resigned as director of "Mary Quant Ltd.", her cosmetics company, after a Japanese buy-out. There are over 200 Mary Quant Colour shops in Japan, where Quant fashions continue to enjoy popularity.


title: Roméo et Juliette

paragraphs: Roméo et Juliette is a French opera in five acts by Charles Gounod, first performed in Paris, on April 27, 1867, libretto by Jules Barbier et Michel Carré, after Shakespeare's "Romeo and Juliet". One of Gounod's most successful works, it contains his most beautiful and melodious music. It is still regularly performed.


title: Roberta Peters

paragraphs: Roberta Peters (May 4, 1930 – January 18, 2017) is an American soprano. She had a long and successful career at the Metropolitan Opera in New York City. She was particularly associated with light coloratura roles in Italian, French and German operas.

paragraphs: Born Roberta Peterman in New York City, she began vocal study at the age of 13 with William Herman, encouraged by tenor Jan Peerce, a family friend.

paragraphs: She made her unscheduled debut (as an emergency replacement) at the Metropolitan Opera, on November 17, 1950, as Zerlina in "Don Giovanni", aged only 20 and having no previous stage experience. The success was immediate. Her well schooled voice, good looks and charming personality quickly made her a great favorite of this theatre where she was to sing regularly for 35 seasons.

paragraphs: Some of her most performed roles include; Susanna ("Le nozze di Figaro"), Despina ("Cosi fan tutte"), The Queen of the Night ("The Magic Flute"), Rosina ("Il barbiere di Siviglia"), Adina ("L'elisir d'amore"), Norina ("Don Pasquale"), Lucia ("Lucia di Lammermoor"), Gilda ("Rigoletto"), Oscar ("Un ballo in maschera"), Nanetta ("Falstaff"), Olympia ("Les contes d'Hoffmann"), Sophie ("Der Rosenkavalier"), Zerbinetta ("Ariadne auf Naxos"), etc.

paragraphs: She also appeared abroad, notably at the Royal Opera House in London in 1951, as Arline in "The Bohemian Girl", and later appeared at the Vienna State Opera, the Salzburg Festival, the Bolshoi in Moscow. She also made several appearances on television, notably on "The Ed Sullivan Show".

paragraphs: Roberta Peters retired from the stage in 1985, but continued to give recital until recent years. She was briefly married to baritone Robert Merrill.

paragraphs: Peters died from Parkinson's disease on January 18, 2017 in Rye, New York. She was 86.


title: Hannibal Alkhas

paragraphs: Hannibal Alkhas (1930 – 2010) was a sculptor, painter and author. He was born in 1930 in Iran into an ethnic Assyrian and Christian family and spent his childhood and teenage years in Kermanshah, Ahwaz and Tehran. In 1951, Hannibal Alkhas moved to the United States in pursuit of his education and studied philosophy for three years at Loyola University of Chicago, Illinois.

paragraphs: From 1953 to 1958 he attended the Art Institute of Chicago where he earned his Bachelor's and Masters of Fine Arts.

paragraphs: In 1959, after the death of his father, the famous Assyrian writer Rabi Adai Alkhas, Hannibal Alkhas returned to Iran and began to teach painting, drawing, and art history at the Tehran School of Fine Arts for the next four years. During this time he established the successful "Gilgamesh gallery", the first modern art gallery in Iran where aspiring young artists were introduced.

paragraphs: In 1963 he returned to the United States and taught a Monticello College in Illinois where he became the chairman of the art department.

paragraphs: In 1969 Hannibal again returned to Iran and spent the next eleven (11) years teaching at Tehran University [6].

paragraphs: He taught at Islamic Azad University in Iran.

paragraphs: Hannibal Alkhas has also created book illustrations, written poems and translated many poems to and from Assyrian. His works have been displayed in numerous exhibitions in Iran, Europe, Canada, Australia and the US.

paragraphs: Hannibal Alkhas died on September 14, 2010 at the age of 80 in the United States. He was suffering from cancer.


title: Blue tit

paragraphs: The blue tit, "Cyanistes caeruleus", is a passerine songbird in the family Paridae. It is 10.5 to 12 cm (4.2 to 4.8 inches) long.

paragraphs: The blue tit is a widespread and common resident breeder. It lives throughout temperate and subarctic Europe and western Asia in deciduous or mixed woodlands. It is a resident bird; most do not migrate.

paragraphs: Blue and great tits form mixed winter flocks, and the former are perhaps the better gymnasts on the slender twigs. A blue tit will often ascend a trunk in short jerky hops, imitating a treecreeper. As a rule the bird roosts in ivy or evergreens, but in hard weather will shelter in a hole. Blue tits are very agile and can hang from almost anywhere.

paragraphs: The blue tit has an average life expectancy of 1.5 years

paragraphs: The blue tit is a destroyer of pests. It is fond of young buds of various trees, and may pull them to bits in the hope of finding insects. No species, however, destroys more coccids and aphids, the worst foes of many plants. It also eats leaf miner grubs and green tortrix moths (Tortricidae). Seeds are eaten, as with all this family.

paragraphs: An interesting example of culturally transmitted learning in birds was the phenomenon dating from the 1960s of blue tits teaching one another how to open traditional British milk bottles with foil tops, to get at the cream underneath. This behaviour has declined recently because of the replacement of doorstep delivery by supermarket purchases of milk, and by hard-topped containers instead of the old bottles.


title: Crow

paragraphs: Crows form the genus Corvus in the family Corvidae. They are medium to large sized birds, carnivores and scavengers.

paragraphs: The genus includes the crow (carrion crow or hooded crow), the rook, jackdaw, and the large common raven. The genus has 40 or so members on all temperate continents except for South America, and some islands.

paragraphs: The "Corvus" makes up a third of the species in the Corvidae. Crows appear to have evolved in Asia from corvid stock which had evolved in Australia. The collective name for a group of crows is a "flock" or, more poetically, a "murder".

paragraphs: Some crow species not only use tools but also make tools. Crows are now thought to be, with parrots, among the world's most intelligent birds.

paragraphs: They have a brain size (adjusted for body size) as large as some apes. The jackdaw and the European magpie have a "nidopallium" about the same relative size as the equivalent neocortex in chimpanzees, and significantly larger than is found in the gibbon.

paragraphs: A story of how a girl fed crows, and in return they brought her tiny gifts, shows what the birds are capable of.


title: Silver(I) sulfide

paragraphs: Silver(I) sulfide, also known as silver sulfide and silver sulphide, is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is AgS. It contains silver in its +1 oxidation state. It also contains sulfide ions.

paragraphs: It is a black solid. It reacts with acids. It is heavy. It can irritate the skin.

paragraphs: It exists in the ground as acanthite and argentite. It is also made when silver is in air containing hydrogen sulfide. The oxygen in air cannot oxidize the silver directly; the hydrogen sulfide helps it. It is the tarnish on silver items.

paragraphs: It is mostly an unwanted product when silver tarnishes.


title: Silver nitrate

paragraphs: Silver nitrate is a chemical compound. Its chemical formula is AgNO. It contains silver in its +1 oxidation state as an ion. It also has nitrate.

paragraphs: Silver nitrate is a colorless crystalline solid. It dissolves in water. Most silver compounds do not dissolve in water. It can get dark if light shines on it. It is an oxidizing agent. Most of the times the silver ion is reduced, but sometimes the nitrate ion is reduced. It reacts with copper to make silver crystals and copper(II) nitrate. It turns into silver, nitrogen dioxide, and oxygen when it is heated. It is the least expensive silver compound. It reacts with bases to make dark brown silver(I) oxide.

paragraphs: It is made by dissolving silver in nitric acid. This produces nitrogen dioxide, so it should be done where the person can get fresh air.

paragraphs: It was used to separate silver and gold. Gold does not dissolve in nitric acid. It is used to make other silver compounds. It reacts with chloride, bromide, and iodides to make white, cream, and yellow-colored solids. It is also used as an oxidizing agent. It can also be used to kill germs.

paragraphs: Silver nitrate is an oxidizing agent and should be kept away from chemicals that can burn. It can burn and stain skin. If too much is eaten, it can turn the skin blue.


title: Walking Trees

paragraphs: Walking Trees: Teaching Teachers in New York City Schools is a book by Ralph Fletcher. It was first published in 1990. It was published again in 1995 under a different title "Walking Trees: Portraits of Teachers and Children in the Culture of Schools".

paragraphs: "Walking Trees: Teaching Teachers in New York City Schools" is the story of Ralph Fletcher's work in the New York City school system as a teacher trainer program to teach teachers about writing.


title: Union County, Florida

paragraphs: Union County is a county in northern Florida. Union County is also the smallest county in Florida. The county was founded in 1921 after being cut off from Bradford County. In 2005 almost 15,000 people lived in Union County. Lake Butler is the county seat of Union County, it is also the largest city in Union County. Since Union County is the smallest county, it covers only 250 square miles.

paragraphs: There are only two other cities in Union County other than Lake Butler. The two other cities are:


title: Pneumothorax

paragraphs: Pneumothorax (sometimes called "collapsed lung") is a health problem where air or gas is in the pleural space (the space between the lung and the pleura). The pleura is a slim membrane that covers the lungs. The two parts of the pleura usually touch. A hole might grow in the surface of the lung. Air then enters between the pleura and the lung. The lung will collapse. If enough air gets into the pleural space, it can also push against other organs or parts in the chest, like the heart or the aorta. Pneumothorax is a medical emergency.

paragraphs: There are two main types of pneumothorax. These are a Closed Pneumothorax, and an Open Pneumothorax. These are also known as Simple Pneumothorax and Complex Pneumothorax.

paragraphs: The most common symptoms of Pneumothorax are chest pains. The chest pains can be sharp, dull, or stabbing. Some other symptoms of Pneumothorax are shortness of breath, rapid breathing, and coughing.

paragraphs: A Pneumothorax can occur for no obvious reason (spontaneous). It is typically men who are tall (or perhaps have long torsos), between the ages of 20 and 40 who present a spontaneous pneumothorax.

paragraphs: Small air blisters (blebs) can develop on the top of the surface of the lungs. These blebs sometimes burst — allowing air to leak into the pleural space that surrounds the lungs, causing the lung to collapse.

paragraphs: Otherwise, it can be caused by blunt or penetrating injuries or lung diseases that result in the lung leaking air into the pleural cavity.

paragraphs: Consuming cannabis via smoking is also related to victims of a pneumothorax.

paragraphs: Simple Pneumothorax will heal by itself. Complex pneumothorax will need medical attention. One should treat respiratory problems as soon as they occur.

paragraphs: Closed pneumothorax is when air or gas gets in the pleural space without any outside wound. This sometimes happens when the lung is already injured somehow, like from diseases such as cancer or cystic fibrosis. Cystic fibrosis is a disease in the lungs. Glands in the body make large amounts of thick mucus. The mucus blocks ducts and passageways.

paragraphs: The most common cause of closed pneumothorax is called spontaneous pneumothorax. The cause of spontaneous pneumothorax is not known.

paragraphs: Open pneumothorax is when air gets into the pleural space from an injury to the chest. This can happen with stab wounds, like from a knife. It can also happen after a gunshot injury. The injury is most dangerous if the wound lets air in when the injured person (or animal) breathes, but does not let it back out. Sometimes this is called a "sucking chest wound."


title: Electroluminescence

paragraphs: Electroluminescence (EL) is an optical and electrical event in which a material emits light in response to an electric current passed through it, or to a strong electric field.

paragraphs: The electric energy is absorbed by electron in the ground state and is excited to the higher state of energy called the excited state.The excited state is not the stable state and the electron jumps back to the ground state and emits the photon related to the bandgap of the material.


title: Daughter of the Forest

paragraphs: Daughter of the Forest is a fantasy novel by Juliet Marillier first published in 1999 It is based on "The Six Swans" (a story that has many versions, one of which is by the Brothers Grimm). A girl must sew six shirts from a painful plant in order to save her brothers from a witch's curse. She must not speak until the task is finished.

paragraphs: Sorcha, the seventh child of Irish Lord Colum of Sevenwaters, has been raised by her six older brothers. Having lost her mother at birth, Sorcha is almost ignored by her father. Her father's new wife, the Lady Oonagh, attacks Sorcha and her brothers. Sorcha alone is able to flee into the forest and escape. Sorcha's brothers, however, have been turned into swans.

paragraphs: The story is a twist on the classic tale of "The Six Swans." Sorcha learns that if she can spin six shirts from a painful plant she can free her brothers from the spell. But she must not speak until the last one has been finished. Sorcha agrees to this and spends several years in the forest hiding as she works on the shirts.

paragraphs: After several years of hard work, Sorcha is saved from drowning by a British lord, Hugh of Harrowfield (known as "Red"). When Red returns to Britain, Sorcha accompanies him. Red believes that Sorcha knows something about his brother, Simon. Sorcha had nursed Simon back to health after his capture by Lord Colum. Sorcha stays with Red as she works on the shirts.

paragraphs: While in Britain, Sorcha finds a new danger in the form of Lord Richard, Red's uncle. Sorcha must fend off the attacks of Richard as she works to save her brothers.


title: Sonic Adventure

paragraphs: Sonic Adventure is a video game from the Sonic the Hedgehog series. It was the very first Dreamcast game. It was released in Japan on November 27, 1998, in North America on September 9, 1999 and in Europe on October 14, 1999. It is the first Sonic game to have 3D surroundings, instead of 2D surroundings like the other Sonic games had. It was released in Japan as one of five launch titles. It also has a sequel called Sonic Adventure 2.

paragraphs: The object of the game is to get all of the Chaos Emeralds by playing different characters from the Sonic series, in order to defeat Dr. Eggman. Each character has their own level, each with a specific purpose. For example, Knuckles has to find and put together all of the pieces of the Master Emerald. The list of playable characters are:

paragraphs: Sonic Adventure DX: Directors Cut is an advanced version of Sonic Adventure released for the Nintendo GameCube and Microsoft Windows in 2004. It was later released on PSN, XBLA and Steam. It contained a new "Mission Mode", a Mini-Game collection [only on GameCube and Windows versions] and allows the player to play as Metal Sonic once they get all 130 emblems. It is famous for being full of glitches.


title: Hyracotherium

paragraphs: Hyracotherium was previously called "Eohippus" (meaning "dawn horse"). It is a Eurasian species, a Palaeothere. That group is ancestral to the horses and brontotheres. Therefore, it is not the same animal as "Eohippus", which is the earliest horse.

paragraphs: "Hyracotherium" lived during the early Eocene epoch, about 5545 million years ago. It lived in the northern hemisphere in Asia and Europe. The first fossils of this tiny animal were found in England by Richard Owen in 1841 and named "Hyracotherium".

paragraphs: The original type species "H. leporinum" is now regarded as an "Eohippus". So that name has been brought back to describe the early proto-horse found in North America.


title: Hurricane Keith

paragraphs: Hurricane Keith was the strongest hurricane of the 2000 Atlantic hurricane season. Keith struck Belize and Mexico before it died on October 6. Keith killed 24 people and left $225 million in damage. Most of this damage happened in Belize. It was because it struck Belize while stronger than when it struck Mexico.

paragraphs: The beginning of the hurricane was from a tropical wave that moved into the Atlantic Ocean off of Africa on September 16. The wave moved across much of the Caribbean Sea, until September 28, at that time it became Tropical Depression Fifteen. Fifteen moved a little northwest and became Tropical Storm Keith on September 29.

paragraphs: Keith changed its course and moved west. On September 30 Keith became a hurricane. Keith rapidly gained strength and later on September 30, Keith reached its highest wind speed with which at 140 mph. The hurricane was blocked and was forced to make a loop.

paragraphs: Since Keith was close to land, the block caused Keith to weaken a lot. On October 2 as a weak hurricane, Keith made landfall in Ambergris Caye, Belize. The next day, Keith made another landfall in Belize, this time in Belize City as a very strong tropical storm.

paragraphs: Keith moved over Belize and the Yucatan Peninsula and weakened to a tropical depression. Tropical Depression Keith moved off of the Peninsula and into the Gulf of Mexico, where it quickly became a tropical storm again.

paragraphs: On October 4, Keith again became a hurricane. Hurricane Keith made its last landfall in Mexico near Tampico in Tamaulipas on October 5. Keith weakened over Mexico until it finally died on October 6.

paragraphs: The name Keith was retired in the Spring of 2001. The name Kirk was put on the list in 2006, but Kirk was not used, so it must be used again in 2012.


title: Degree (mathematics)

paragraphs: The degree of a polynomial formula_1, represented by the symbol formula_2, is the highest exponent that occurs inside that polynomial.

paragraphs: For example, if we look at the polynomial formula_3, then we can see that the degree of this polynomial is 3, because the highest power in the variable x is 3. It occurs in the term formula_4.

paragraphs: The name of the variable is not important. For example, the polynomial formula_5 has degree 5, because the highest power of the variable, in this case y, is 5, which occurs in the term formula_6.


title: Polynomial root

paragraphs: The root of a polynomial "f" is a value for "x" where the polynomial value "f(x)" is zero.

paragraphs: For example, if the polynomial formula_1 then formula_2, so 2 is a root of this polynomial.

paragraphs: In fact, it can be seen that also -7 is a root of this polynomial.


title: Monster group

paragraphs: In math, there are many subjects. One of these is group theory. In group theory, the Monster group (shortened to "M" or "F") is important. It is also called the Fischer-Griess Monster, or the Friendly Giant. It is a group of finite order, which is equal to:

paragraphs: It is a "simple group". Simple groups have only two normal subgroups: the identity element, and "M".

paragraphs: The finite simple groups have been completely classified (the classification of finite simple groups). There are two kinds of finite simple groups in the list of finite simple groups. The first kind has 18 countably infinite families. The second kind has 26 sporadic groups. They are not as systematic. The Monster group is the largest of these sporadic groups. It contains all but six of the other sporadic groups inside of it. Robert Griess has called these six exceptions pariahs. The rest make up the happy family.


title: Iowa Hawkeyes

paragraphs: The Iowa Hawkeyes are the athletics teams of the University of Iowa in Iowa City, Iowa, United States. The Hawkeyes have varsity teams in 24 sports. They have 11 teams for men and 13 for women. The teams are a part of Division I of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) and are members of the Big Ten Conference.

paragraphs: The term "Hawkeye" first appeared in the book "The Last of the Mohicans". It was later used in its plural form to describe the people of Iowa.

paragraphs: Historically, Iowa has done well in wrestling. They have 34 team Big Ten championships and 23 team national championships. The Hawkeyes have also won national championships in three other sports. These are men's gymnastics, football and field hockey. In basketball, Iowa has reached the Final Four four times. The men's team has done this three times and the women's team has done it once. The baseball team has reached the College World Series once, in 1972. Iowa's softball team has played in the Women's College World Series four times.


title: The Supremes

paragraphs: The Supremes were an American female singing group. It was originally founded as The Primettes in Detroit, Michigan, in 1959. Diana Ross, Mary Wilson, and Florence Ballard sang in the group. They recorded music for Motown records. The Supremes' were known for their doo-wop, pop, soul, and disco.

paragraphs: The Supremes were the most commercially successful of Motown's acts. They are, to date, America's most successful vocal group, with 12 number one singles on the "Billboard" Hot 100. Most of these hits were written and produced by Motown's main songwriting and production team, Holland–Dozier–Holland. At their peak in the mid-1960s, the Supremes rivaled the Beatles in worldwide popularity. Their success made it possible for future African American R&B and soul musicians to find mainstream success.

paragraphs: Founding members Florence Ballard, Mary Wilson, Diana Ross, and Betty McGlown, all came from a public housing project in Detroit. They formed the Primettes as the sister act to the Primes (with Paul Williams and Eddie Kendricks, who went on to form the Temptations). Barbara Martin replaced McGlown in 1960, and the group signed with Motown the following year as the Supremes. Martin left the act in early 1962, and Ross, Ballard, and Wilson carried on as a trio.

paragraphs: During the mid-1960s, the Supremes achieved mainstream success with Ross as lead singer. In 1967, Motown president Berry Gordy renamed the group Diana Ross & the Supremes, and replaced Ballard with Cindy Birdsong. Ross left to pursue a solo career in 1970 and was replaced by Jean Terrell, at which point the group's name reverted to the Supremes. After 1972, the lineup changed more frequently; Lynda Laurence, Scherrie Payne, and Susaye Greene all became members of the group during the mid-1970s. The Supremes disbanded in 1977 after an 18-year run.


title: Yvon of the Yukon

paragraphs: Yvon of the Yukon was a 26-minute Canadian animated cartoon that was about a French explorer named Yvon Ducharme, who became frozen in an ice block in the Yukon after being knocked overboard off his boat. The show follows the adventures of Yvon as he attempts to adjust to life in the Yukon.

paragraphs: The show takes place in the fictional town of Upyermukluk (a play on "Up your mukluk").


title: Shigemu Ueda

paragraphs: Shigemu Ueda (born 11 November 1965) is a Japanese football manager.


title: Daiki Fukagawa

paragraphs: Daiki Fukagawa (born 29 August 1980) was a Japanese football player.


title: Yu Kawamura

paragraphs: Yu Kawamura (born 1 December 1980) is a Japanese professional athlete. He is best known as an association football player.


title: Stranraer F.C.

paragraphs: Stranraer F.C. is a football club which plays in Scotland.


title: Nozomu Kato

paragraphs: Nozomu Kato (born 7 October 1969) is a former Japanese football player.


title: Masayuki Omori

paragraphs: Masayuki Omori (born 9 November 1976) is a former Japanese football player.


Mitsuru Nagata


title: Berwick Rangers F.C.

paragraphs: Berwick Rangers F.C. is a football club. They play in Scotland.


title: Paper Mario

paragraphs: Paper Mario is a Nintendo 64 role-playing game released in 2000. It features Mario in his paper form. The game was sold for Virtual Console on the Wii in 2007 and the Wii U's Virtual Console in 2015. It was followed by five sequels: "" (2004), "Super Paper Mario" (2007), "" (2012), "" (2016), and "" (2020).

paragraphs: When Bowser uses the Star Rod, he interrupts the party hosted by Princess Peach and the castle is lifted into outer space. As the game progresses, Mario rescues Peach, defeats Bowser and uses the Star Rod to restore the castle.


title: I'm Not Alone

paragraphs: "I'm Not Alone" is the lead single from Scottish DJ and producer Calvin Harris' second album, Ready for the Weekend, and his first appearance on a single since "Dance Wiv Me" with Dizzee Rascal and Chrome, which peaked at number 1 in the UK singles chart in 2008. "I'm Not Alone" was first-played by Pete Tong on BBC Radio 1 as his "essential new tune" on January 23, 2009 and has been described as a slice of euphoric dance. On April 12, 2009, the song debuted at #1 on the UK Singles Chart, giving Harris his first solo #1 single in the UK and second overall.


title: Check and checkmate

paragraphs: Check is a term in chess when a player's king is attacked. If the king is in check, the player "must" find a way to stop the threat; he can not just ignore it. The player must do one of these things:

paragraphs: If none of these works, then it is not a check but "checkmate".

paragraphs: Checkmate (often called mate) is when a player's king is attacked (in check) and there is no way to escape that attack. Or, simply put, the king is under attack and cannot get out of being captured. Giving checkmate is the main goal in chess: a player who is mated loses the game.

paragraphs: These rules have been part of chess since its beginning. Until the early 20th century, it was customary to announce "Check!" verbally when making the move. This would be regarded as strange today; players do not address each other in competitive chess except where necessary.

paragraphs: Until the 19th century it was customary to warn one's opponent when attacking his queen: "Check to the queen!" Most players today do not know this was ever done.


title: Tacoma, Washington

paragraphs: Tacoma is a city in Pierce County, Washington, United States. The city is on Washington's Puget Sound.

paragraphs: Tacoma was named after the nearby Mount Rainier. It was first called Mount Tahoma.


title: Mixed government

paragraphs: A Mixed government or mixed constitution is a form of government where different sized groups of people control different types of issues. It integrates different forms of government, like democracy, oligarchy, and monarchy. Mixed government means that there are some issues where the state is governed by the majority of the people, in some other issues the state is governed by few, in some other issues by a single person, often defined in a constitution. Today, this idea is commonly seen as a precursor to that of separation of powers

paragraphs: Mixed governments was common in Ancient Rome.


title: Marguerite daisy

paragraphs: "Argyranthemum", also called the marguerite or marguerite daisy, is a perennial plant, which is good for being a potted plant. It is native to the Canary Islands.


title: Son of the Shadows

paragraphs: Son of the Shadows is a fantasy novel by Juliet Marillier and the second book in the Sevenwaters Trilogy first published in 2000. It follows the path of Sorcha and Red's third child, Liadian, a girl who lives outside the pattern of the 'Fair Folk', also known as Túatha Dé Danann. "Son of the Shadows" won the 2001 Aurealis Awards for Fantasy Novel.

paragraphs: In this novel, Liadan grows up in Sevenwaters with her twin brother Sean and her older sister Niamh. They are the children of Sorcha and Iubdan (formerly Hugh of Harrowfield). Liadan follows in her mothers tradition in learning the healing arts. Niamh has great beauty and is 'expected' to wed Eamonn, a nearby chieftan. Eamonn actually asks for the hand of Liadan, she says that she will give him an answer in one year. While staying at Sevenwaters, Eamonn tells a tale of a recent attack by a band of mercenaries. Upon this attack, all his men were killed, and his life was spared by a man called the Painted Man. He swears that he will kill him. During the festival of Imbolc, a young druid named Ciarán tells the story of Aengus Óg and Caer Ibormeith and catches the fancy of Niamh. They are soon having a secret love affair. Liadan discovers their secret during a walk in the forest. When the truth comes out, Ciarán leaves the Druids and Sevenwaters and Niamh is forced to marry the Uí Néill chieftan, Fionn.

paragraphs: Liadan goes with her sister on the trip to her new home. On the way back she is kidnapped by an outlaw and brought to the camp of "The Painted Man" in order to try to save the life of their smith who was hurt in an accident. She accepts the task and eventually falls in love with Bran, their leader. When Bran finds out that she is the daughter of Hugh of Horrowfield, he sends her back home. When she returns to Sevenwaters, she finds she is pregnant with Bran's child. The Tuatha Dé Danann demand that she and her son remain in the forest, but she refuses to comply. With the help of Finbar she realizes that she has his gift of sight and can read and heal the minds of others.

paragraphs: Sean, Liadan's brother and heir to Sevenwaters, wants to buy the Painted Man's fighting men in their long battle for the sacred islands. All of the leaders go to a meeting to discuss the feud with the Britons. Liadan and her sister visit Sean's future bride and Eamonn's sister at his estate called Sídhe Dubh. During this visit Liadan discovers that her sisters husband has been beating her. She uses her mind gifts to help Niamh. With the help of Bran they plan on secretly taking Niamh out of Sídhe Dubh and take her to a Christian nunnery where she can be safe. At the last moment Eamonn and Fionn return and attack Bran and Gull as they escape with Niamh. Eamonn returns from the chase and tells the tale of how Naimh slips on the rocks and fell into the bog and died. All that remained was a cord that Liadan made for Niamh that held a white stone given to her by Ciarán.

paragraphs: Liadan finally gives birth to her son. Her mother and father realize when the child is born that his father (Bran) must have been the son of John and Margery, kinsman of Iubdan when he was Lord of Horrowfield. Liadan names the child Johnny. Shortly after the birth of Johnny, Sorcha dies. But before her death Liadan tells Sorcha, Iubdin and Finbar the story of Niamh's abuse by her husband; the escape from Sídhe Dubh with the help of Bran; and her belief that Niamh is not dead. On her deathbed Sorcha tells Iubdin that he must return to Harrowfield and learn the truth about John and Margery's son. Ciarán returned in hiding as a tinker during the ceremory for Sorcha. He tells Liadan that Niamh is indeed alive and safe. He also tells her the truth of why they could not wed. Ciarán is the son of Lord Colum and the Lady Oonah, he is half brother to Niamh's mother. So their union was forbidden by blood. This was why they were not allowed to wed and that he could never be a druid since he carried the blood of the sorceress Lady Oonah. Ciarán gives Liadan a gift for helping rescue Niamh for her abusive husband and returning her to Ciarán, a mysterious raven named Fiacha.

paragraphs: Bran comes to Sevenwaters in secret to meet with Sean and meets Liadan, she tells him of his son. After Bran leaves, Liadan has a vision of her Uncle Liam's death; a vision of Eamonn telling Aisling that she could not marry Sean and then her suicide. They then learn that Fionn was recently killed in his sleep. Liam was indeed killed by a Britons arrow and his nephew Sean takes control of Sevenwaters. Sean fearful for Aisling convinces Liadan to go to Sídhe Dubh to bring Aisling back so they can be married. Liadan has had visions of Eamonn torturing Bran. When she arrives at Sídhe Dubh she learns from Eamonn that he indeed has Bran held prisoner. She makes a deal with Eamonn, in exchange for not revealing that Eamonn betrayed his kinsman Liam and sacrificed his life in exchange for the Painted Man capture. Aisling will be allowed to go Sevenwaters and Liadan can leaves with Bran and Gull if she can find them and leave before dusk. With the help of some magic and Fiacha they make it safely through the bog that surrounds Sídhe Dubh. Liadan learns Bran's hidden truth about his childhood during her fight to bring him back from the torture inflicted on him. She reveals this to her father Iubdin and she convinces Bran that his future might lie in returning to his roots at Harrowfield in Briton, while his men talk of setting up a school for warriors.

paragraphs: Publishers Weekly said that "The story, though a bit light on the magic and heavy on the romantic, is reminiscent of Jennifer Roberson's Chesuli series. Fantasy addicts should love it".

paragraphs: Jackie Cassada in "The Library Journal" said "Marillier blends old legends with original storytelling to produce an epic fantasy that belongs in most libraries".

paragraphs: "Booklist" in 2001 said that "Marillier's virtuosic pacing and vivid, filmic style make this an engaging continuation of one of the last year's best fantasies".

paragraphs: Spellings shown below are the one used in the novel


title: Axis of rotation

paragraphs: The Axis of rotation is an imaginary line passing through the centre of mass of any celestial body around which the celestial body rotates. In case of Earth, the axis of rotation of Earth passes through the north pole, the centre of mass of Earth and the south pole. The Earth makes one complete rotation around this imaginary axis every 23 hours 56 minutes 4 seconds.The line passes through the north and south poles of a planet.


title: Orbital plane (astronomy)

paragraphs: An orbital plane is the geometric plane of an orbit. It is described by its difference from a "reference plane".

paragraphs: The reference plane for the Solar System is usually the Earth's orbital plane. This defines the ecliptic, the path on the celestial sphere that the Sun appears to follow over a year.

paragraphs: For example, suppose a planet is orbiting around a star in an elliptical orbit. The area within the path is the 'orbital plane' of that planet. The plane of the Earth's orbit around the Sun is called the ecliptic plane.

paragraphs: Sometimes the invariable plane is used instead.


title: Guadalajara

paragraphs: Guadalajara is a city in Mexico. Over three and a half million people live there. It is the second-largest city in Mexico. It is the capital of the Mexican state of Jalisco. It is in Western Mexico and is over above sea level. Guadalajara is a major Latin American city in terms of industry, tourism, and culture. A famous soccer team called Chivas Guadalajara plays there. In 2011 Guadalajara hosted the Panamerican Games and Plans to bid for the 2028 Summer Olympic Games. In 2005 Guadalajara was called the City of Culture 2005. Guadalajara is home to a largely celebrated culture of "New Modern Mexico". Guadalajara is also known for Mariachi (a form of folk music) and Ballet Florclorico.

paragraphs: The city is named after Guadalajara, Spain.


title: Grouper

paragraphs: Groupers are large fish of the perch type. They are genera in the subfamily Epinephelinae.

paragraphs: Groupers and the sea basses are in the family Serranidae. Most groupers are in one of two large genera: "Epinephelus" and "Mycteroperca". Also, species in the small genera "Anyperidon", "Cromileptes", "Dermatolepis", "Gracila", "Saloptia", and "Triso" are also called groupers. Fish in the genus "Plectropomus" are referred to as coral groupers. These genera are all in the subfamily Epiphelinae.

paragraphs: Sometimes other fish have common names with the word "grouper". Nonetheless, "grouper" on its own is usually taken to mean the subfamily Epinephelinae.

paragraphs: Groupers and octopuses often work together to catch prey on coral reefs.


title: Orion's Belt

paragraphs: Orion's Belt or Belt of Orion is belt of 3 stars in one line in the constellation Orion. Ancient Arabic names of these 3 stars are Alnitak, Alnilam and Mintaka. These 3 stars are named by astronomers as ζ Ori (Alnitak), ε Ori (Alnilam), and δ Ori (Mintaka). These 3 stars are best visible in the night sky during the month of January.


title: High School Musical 3: Senior Year

paragraphs: High School Musical 3: Senior Year is the third installment in Disney's "High School Musical" franchise. It was released in theaters on October 24, 2008. Kenny Ortega returns as director and choreographer along with the cast from the first two movies.

paragraphs: High school sweethearts Troy Bolton and Gabriella Montez are facing the prospect of being separated from each other as they go off in different directions when graduating from East High. Joined by the rest of their Wildcat friends, including Sharpay and Ryan Evans, Chad Danforth, Kelsi Nielsen, Zeke Baylor, Martha Cox, and Taylor McKessie, they stage a spring musical about their experiences, hopes and fears about the future.


title: Malcolm Turnbull

paragraphs: Malcolm Bligh Turnbull (born 24 October 1954) is an Australian politician. He was the leader of the Liberal Party and Prime Minister of Australia. He was Minister for Communications in the government of Australia under Prime Minister Tony Abbott from 18 September 2013 until 14 September 2015. Turnbull is also the former Leader of the Opposition in the Australian Parliament, and former leader of the Liberal Party, succeeding Brendan Nelson on 16 September 2008.

paragraphs: He lost the leadership positions on 1 December 2009, by one vote to Tony Abbott. Turnbull had agreed to allow the government's emissions trading scheme (ETS) to pass through the parliament. This was opposed by many people in the Liberal Party who argued that an ETS was unnecessary. Other people in the party thought an ETS would harm Australia's coal exports. Others in the party did not like the way that Turnbull managed the arguments within his party.

paragraphs: Turnbull was elected in his full-term Prime Minister position in the 2016 federal election. He resigned in August 2018 following a leadership challenge in the Liberal Party where Scott Morrison was elected as the party's leader and eventual Prime Minister.


title: The Green Mile (movie)

paragraphs: The Green Mile is a 1999 American drama movie. It was released on December 10, 1999 in the United States. It stars Tom Hanks, David Morse, Bonnie Hunt, and Michael Clarke Duncan. It was directed by Frank Darabont.

paragraphs: In Louisiana in 1935, inmates at the Cold Mountain Correctional Facility call Death Row "The Green Mile" because of the dark green linoleum that tiles the floor. Paul Edgecomb (played by Tom Hanks) is the head guard on the Green Mile when a new inmate arrives: John Coffey (played by Michael Clarke Duncan), who is to be executed for the murder of two young girls. Despite his size and the fearsome crimes for which he's serving time, Coffey seems to be a kind and well-mannered person who behaves more like an innocent child than a hardened criminal. Soon Edgecomb and two of his fellow guards, Howell (played by David Morse) and Stanton (played by Barry Pepper), notice something odd about Coffey: he's able to perform what seem to be miracles of healing, like bringing a dead mouse back to life, leading them to wonder just what sort of person he could be, and if he could have done the crimes with which he was charged.

paragraphs: The word "Green mile" is said to "metaphorically" represent the short distance of land (therefore the use of the word "mile") that a prisoner need to walk or otherwise run before he or she are executed on prison grounds.

paragraphs: 2000 Academy of Science Fiction, Fantasy & Horror Films

paragraphs: 2000 Broadcast Music Incorporated Film & TV Awards

paragraphs: 2000 Broadcast Film Critics Association Awards

paragraphs: 2000 Chicago Film Critics Association Awards

paragraphs: 2000 Motion Picture Sound Editors (Golden Reel Awards)

paragraphs: 2001 Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers of America (Nebula Award)


title: Billy Mays

paragraphs: William Darrell "Billy" Mays, Jr. (July 20, 1958 – June 28, 2009) was an American television direct-response advertisement salesperson most well known for promoting OxiClean, Orange Glo, and other cleaning, home-based, and maintenance products.

paragraphs: His distinctive beard and loud sales pitches made him a recognized television presence in the United States and Canada.

paragraphs: He starred in his own TV show called Pitchmen with his friend and co-worker Anthony Sullivan. The show was on for one season before his sudden death.

paragraphs: Mays died on June 28, 2009 from complications of heart disease. He was 50.


title: E-Type

paragraphs: Bosse Martin Erik Eriksson (born August 27, 1965) is a Swedish musician. He is better known by his stage name E-Type. He is in the techno/trance music genre. His songs include "Life" (cansis club mix).


title: Jason Derülo

paragraphs: Jason Joel Desrouleaux (born September 21, 1989 in Miramar, Florida), better known as Jason Derülo is an American singer. He is part of the band Frou Frou with Imogen Heap. They sang the song "Whatcha Say". The song was double platinum. Other singles include "In My Head" and "Ridin' Solo".


title: Segarcea

paragraphs: Segarcea is a town in Dolj County, Romania. It is about 25 kilometers from Craiova, which is the county seat of Dolj County. 8,564 people were living in Segarcea as of 2002.


title: Tender is the Night

paragraphs: Tender is the Night is the fourth novel by F. Scott Fitzgerald. It was first sold in 1934.

paragraphs: Dick Diver is a doctor who gets married to his patient Nicole. They spend some time in France and Switzerland but their marriage falls apart and they get a divorce.


title: Under the Volcano

paragraphs: Under the Volcano is a novel by Malcolm Lowry first sold in 1947.

paragraphs: The events of the novel happen over one day in 1938 where a Mexican festival is taking place. Geoffrey Firmin is a smart British man living in Mexico. He wants to write a book but he drinks too much alcohol. Geoffrey's wife, Yvonne, is fed up of his drinking. She once had an affair with Geoffrey's brother Hugh.


title: Yuichi Mizutani

paragraphs: Yuichi Mizutani (born 26 May 1980) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Kyoto Sanga.


title: Yoshito Terakawa

paragraphs: Yoshito Terakawa (born 6 September 1974) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Shonan Bellmare.


Yohei Sato


title: Yosuke Nozawa

paragraphs: Yosuke Nozawa (born 9 November 1979) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Shonan Bellmare.


Yosuke Fujigaya


title: Naoki Matsuyo

paragraphs: Naoki Matsuyo (born 9 April 1974) is a former Japanese football player.


title: This Side of Paradise

paragraphs: This Side of Paradise is the first novel of F. Scott Fitzgerald, and was first sold in 1920.

paragraphs: Amory Blaine leaves his mother and friend behind to go to a good American university. At university he falls in love with a girl called Isabelle, but she is not interested in Amory. Amory then goes to fight in the First World War. When he returns from the war, he falls in love with Rosalind. Because Amory is poor, Rosalind is not interested in him and decides to marry someone else. Amory then learns that his friend from home has died.


title: Manute Bol

paragraphs: Manute Bol (born 16 October 1962 - died 19 June 2010) was a Sudanese-born professional basketball player who played for the Washington Bullets, Golden State Warriors, Philadelphia 76ers, and Miami Heat in the NBA. His NBA career lasted from 1985 to 1994. Bol was 7 feet, 7 inches tall, and was one of only two people that tall to play in the NBA. The other is former NBA center Bol Bol

paragraphs: Bol is the only player in NBA history to block more shots than have points scored in his career.

paragraphs: Bol was nicknamed Raan Cheg, 'Nute, Iron Bol, Minutiae, The Project and The Dinka Dunker.

paragraphs: Recently, Bol had been active raising money for and telling people about human rights issues dealing with the Darfur conflict in Sudan, where he was born.

paragraphs: Bol died on June 19, 2010 due to acute kidney failure and complications from Stevens–Johnson syndrome.


title: Deep Dish

paragraphs: Deep Dish is a house music duo of DJs from Iran. It is Iranian–American Ali "Dubfire" Shirazinia and Sharam Tayebi. They are based in Washington, D.C..


title: Head scarf

paragraphs: Headscarves are scarves covering most or all of the top of a woman's hair and her head. Headscarves may be worn for a variety of purposes, such as for warmth, for sanitation, for fashion or social distinction; with religious significance, to hide rampant baldness, out of modesty, or other forms of social convention.

paragraphs: Headscarves may have specific religious significance. Observant married Orthodox Jewish women, for example, are required to cover their hair, often employing scarves (or sometimes wigs) for the purpose. Headscarves were also worn by married Christian women in Medieval Europe, and even among some of the unmarried. This headcovering habit is better known as a wimple in English.

paragraphs: Islamic law says that women should dress in a special way. This dress code applies to women and adolescent girls, but not to children.

paragraphs: Headscarves and veils used for Muslim religious dress include:

paragraphs: Note that the Arabic word "hijab" refers to modest behaviour in general, and pertains to men and women, but it is sometimes used in other languages to describe the Muslim headscarf, also known as a "khimar".

paragraphs: Some English speakers use the word "babushka" (grandma in Russian) to indicate the headscarf tied below the chin, as commonly worn in Eastern Europe. In most parts of Eastern Europe, headscarves are used mainly by elderly women (grandmothers) and this led the incorrect use of the "babushka" term. In Russia they are worn by women when they go to church to show their convictions to Russian Orthodoxy.

paragraphs: A plain red or scarlet headscarf was worn by female commissars and other women aligning themselves with Bolshevism in times of Russian Revolution and civil war.

paragraphs: A head tie is a west and southern African women's head scarf, specifically an elaborate ornamental head covering.

paragraphs: The Keffiyeh is commonly used by Muslim men.

paragraphs: Ancien Egyptiant men wore a Nemes headcloth.


title: Fishing trawler

paragraphs: A fishing trawler is a commercial fishing vessel which controls fishing trawls. Trawling is a way of fishing that involves pulling a trawl through the water behind one or more trawlers.


title: Venetia Burney

paragraphs: Venetia Burney (1918-2009) is known for suggesting name the Pluto for newly discovered celestial body in 1930 by Clyde Tombaugh. At that time, Venetia Burney was an 11 year old schoolgirl living in Oxford, England.


title: United Kingdom Climate Change Programme

paragraphs: The United Kingdom Climate Change Programme (UKCCP) is an organisation made in 2000. It changes the way Britain looks at global warming and climate change. It encourages the use of wind and solar power.


title: Clyde Tombaugh

paragraphs: Clyde William Tombaugh (February 4, 1906January 17, 1997) was an American astronomer known for discovering Pluto in 1930.

paragraphs: Tombaugh was born in Streator, Illinois. After his family moved to Burdett, Kansas, Tombaugh planned to attend college. After a hailstorm ruined his family's farm crops, he no longer had money for the expense of college.

paragraphs: After he discovered Pluto, he did go to college at the University of Kansas and graduated with two degrees in astronomy.


title: Venera

paragraphs: Venera is the Russian name for the planet Venus. It is also the name of the USSR program for sending spacecraft to the planet Venus. A Venera 3 spacecraft was the first manmade object to land on another planet in our solar system. Venera 3 crash landed on Venus on 1 March 1966. Venera 7 also landed on Venus. It landed in 1970. It was the first spacecraft to send information back to Earth after landing on another planet.


title: Luna 2

paragraphs: Luna 2 was the second spacecraft in Soviet Union's Luna programme to probe the Moon. Luna 2 was launched on 12 September 1959 and it crash landed on the Moon the next day. During its journey to Moon, Luna 2 confirmed the existence of solar wind. Luna 2 was the first human made object to land on a celestial body in space.


title: Cadet Forces Medal

paragraphs: The Cadet Forces Medal is given for long and good service by commissioned officers and non commissioned adult instructors of the UK Cadet Forces: The Army Cadet Force, the Air Training Corps, the Sea Cadet Corps and Combined Cadet Force, and commissioned officers of the New Zealand Cadet Forces. It is awarded for 12 years service. Clasps are given for every 8 years further service in New Zealand & for 6 more years in the UK.

paragraphs: People who receive the Cadet Forces Service Medal do not earn the right to use post-nominal letters.


title: Jean Chrétien

paragraphs: Joseph Jacques Jean Chrétien (born January 11, 1934) is a Canadian politician. He was the 20th Prime Minister of Canada from 1993 to 2003 and the leader of the Liberal Party of Canada from 1990 to 2003. During his career, he was a Member of Parliament (MP) in the House of Commons of Canada for over 35 years.

paragraphs: Chrétien was born in Shawinigan, Quebec. He studied law at Université Laval. He became a politician in 1963, when he was first elected to the House of Commons. While Pierre Trudeau was Prime Minister, Chrétien was a member of his cabinet. He was the Minister of Justice, Minister of Finance, and the Minister of Indian Affairs and Northern Development. He was also the Deputy Prime Minister when John Turner was Prime Minister.

paragraphs: Chrétien was elected leader of the Liberal Party in 1990. The Liberals won 177 seats in the House of Commons in the 1993 election, meaning they were the largest party and could form a government. He was re-elected two times in 1997 and 2000 and led a majority government the entire time he was Prime Minister.

paragraphs: Chrétien retired in 2003. He was replaced as the Prime Minister and leader of the Liberal Party by Paul Martin.

paragraphs: For the 1963 federal election, Chrétien was chosen to be the Liberal Party's candidate for the riding of Saint-Maurice—Laflèche in Shawinigan. He was elected in this riding and became a Member of Parliament for the first time. After this, he became the parliamentary secretary for the Prime Minister at the time, Lester B. Pearson.

paragraphs: Beginning in 1966, he was the parliamentary secretary for Mitchell Sharp, who was the Minister of Finance at the time. He spent a longer amount of time working with Sharp than he did with Pearson.

paragraphs: Chrétien was chosen by Pearson to be the Minister of National Revenue in January 1968.

paragraphs: The Liberal Party lost the 1979 federal election. The Progressive Conservatives formed a very short government led by Joe Clark. After Trudeau and the Liberals won the election the year after, Trudeau chose Chrétien to become the Minister of Justice.

paragraphs: Chrétien was a very important person in the 1980 Quebec referendum, when there was a referendum on whether Quebec should leave Canada. He fought very hard for the federal government and was against Quebec leaving Canada.

paragraphs: Turner stopped being the leader of the Liberal Party in 1990. There was an election to decide who would be the person to replace him at the June 1990 party conference.

paragraphs: When Chrétien won the Liberal Party leadership election, the Liberals had the second-most seats in the House of Commons. Because of this, he also became the Leader of the Opposition. At first, he had many problems as the leader. For example, some Quebec Liberal MPs chose to leave the party after he became the leader.

paragraphs: When Brian Mulroney retired in 1993, he was replaced as the Prime Minister and as the leader of the Progressive Conservative Party by Kim Campbell. She was a part of Mulroney's cabinet at the time. Because elections in Canada have to happen at least once every five years, there was going to be an election in October of that year.

paragraphs: One of Chrétien's promises was that a Liberal government would remove the Goods and Service Tax. It was created by Mulroney's government and was not very popular among the Canadian public. Chrétien also promised that they would negotiate the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) a second time, and to bring down Canada's deficit.

paragraphs: Chrétien and the Liberal Party won the election. The Liberals won 177 seats and became the largest party in the House of Commons. The Progressive Conservatives lost almost all their seats in that election, winning only two seats.

paragraphs: Chrétien was part of the Liberal Party's left-wing in the beginning of his career. While he was Prime Minister, however, he was very neoliberal and fiscally conservative.

paragraphs: His parents were Wellie Chrétien and Marie Boisvert.

paragraphs: Chrétien married Aline Chaîné in 1957. They both knew each other when they were young in Shawinigan. Chaîné became one of the people Chrétien trusted the most when making important decisions. They stayed married until she died in 2020. They had 2 sons and 1 daughter.


title: Rakesh Sharma

paragraphs: Rakesh Sharma (born 13 January 1949) is a retired Squadron Leader in the Indian Air Force. He was the first Indian and 138th person to travel in space.

paragraphs: Sharma retired from the Air force as Wing Commander. He spent eight days in Salyut 7 Space station in April 1984. He was given the Hero of Soviet Union by the Soviet Government and the Ashok Chakra by the Indian Government.

paragraphs: Sharma joined as a test pilot in the Indian Air Force in 1970. He flew various aircrafts, for example Mikoyan-Gurevich (MIG) aircraft in 1971. He was selected on 20September in 1982 to become a cosmonaut and go into space as part of a joint program between the Indian Space Research Organisation and the Soviet Intercosmos space program.

paragraphs: In 1984, he became the first Indian to fly to space, when he flew aboard the Soyuz T-11. It took off from Baikonur Cosmodrome in 2 April 1984. The Soyuz T-11 reached the Salyut 7 space station, with the ship's commander, Yury Malyshev, and flight engineer, Gennadi Strekalov. Sharma spent 7days, 21hours and 40minutes in the Salyut 7. The crew held a television news conference with officials in Moscow and then Indian Prime Minister Indira Gandhi. When Gandhi asked Sharma how India looked from outer space, he replied, ""Sare Jahan Se Accha"" (the best in the world). This is the title of a patriotic poem by Muhammad Iqbal against the British Raj. India became the 14thnation to send a man to outer space.


title: Jonathan Toews

paragraphs: Jonathan Bryan Toews ( ; born April 29, 1988 in Winnipeg, Manitoba) is an Canadian professional ice hockey centre. He currently plays for the Chicago Blackhawks of the National Hockey League (NHL). He serves as their captain.

paragraphs: Before playing in the NHL, Toews played college hockey for 2 years at the University of North Dakota. During his time there, he contributed 85 points (40 goals, 45 assists), a plus-38 rating and a 56.7% faceoff winning percentage in 76 games. He was also able to help UND reach the NCAA Frozen Four in both 2006 and 2007 and served as their alternate captain during his sophomore season He helped UND win the Broadmoor Cup as WCHA champions and he was also named the West Regional MVP after he tallied five points. Before he went into the 2006 NHL Entry Draft, the NHL Central Scouting Bureau ranked Toews third among North American prospects He was drafted with the 3rd overall pick by the Chicago Blackhawks in the 2006 NHL Entry Draft.

paragraphs: When Toews brought the Stanley Cup to his hometown of Winnipeg after the Blackhawks won it, the province of Manitoba named a lake in his honour. It is named Toews Lake and is 150 km north of Flin Flon. During that same day, Toews was given the Keys to the City and the Dakota Community Centre in St. Vital where he first played organized hockey was renamed the Jonathan Toews Community Centre in his honour.


title: Sport coat

paragraphs: A sport coat (or sports coat) is an article of clothing worn by men as part of business or Informal attire. British usage is to call it a sports jacket. It is similar to a jacket or suit coat, has long sleeves, and is often made of cotton or wool. Sport coats come in many colors and patterns, but the most common are black, navy blue, brown, grey, and tweed, a special type of grey pattern.

paragraphs: If a sport coat is cut from a different cloth, it may be called a blazer. If a sports jacket is made for a cold climate, it will use heavy cloth. Harris Tweed is a famous Scottish cloth originally made in the island of Harris.

paragraphs: The term sport coat may come from their being originally worn for hunting.


title: Monorail

paragraphs: A monorail is like a train, but instead of having two sets of wheels that balance on a railway track, the monorail is balanced on top of one rail. Monorails are often used to transport people around large cities. Some monorails utilize magnets to hover on their rails, reducing friction between the train and the rail. The first monorail was invented in the 19th Century.


title: Zellers

paragraphs: Zellers was Canada's second-largest chain of mass merchandise department stores. The headquarters were in Brampton, Ontario. They had a mascot named "Zeddy", which is a teddy bear.

paragraphs: In 2011, the leaseholds of 189 Zellers stores were taken over by Target Corporation. Target got the leaseholds because they are expanding their stores into Canada in 2013 and 2014. HBC said most Zellers stores would close and retire the Zellers banner from Canadian retail by March 31, 2013.

paragraphs: There were two Zellers stores left in Canada, in Toronto, and Ottawa Ontario, and they closed on January 26, 2020


title: Lora, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa

paragraphs: Lora is one of the 51 Union Councils of Abbottabad District in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. Lora Union Council takes it name from the main village of area. The Local language is Hindko but Urdu is also universally understood. Lora is connected with Abbottabad by the Ghora Gali- Shah Maqsood road, the travelling time from Abbottabad is about 3 hours by Bus and two hours by car. Murree is about 22 km from Lora and can be reached in 40 mins.

paragraphs: Lora is located at 33°52'60N 73°16'60E with a height of 1138 metres (3736 feet). It is in the southern part of Abbottabad District in Havelian Tehsil it is next to other Union Councils these are: Nara to the north, Nagri Totial to the north and east, Goreeni to the south, and Phallah to the west.

paragraphs: UC Lora is crossed by the Nadi Haro River (on which the Khanpur Dam is built). Locals grow seasonal crops such as maize (makai) and wheat (gandum).

paragraphs: The Union Council of Lora is subdivided into the following areas: Ghari, Ghora, Dheri Kiala, Lora, Narhota, Noorpur, Seri and Thath Karam Shah.

paragraphs: Lora has always been an important place and also a business hub of Circle Lora which consists of six union councils (Lora, Goreeni, Phallah, Nagri Tutial, Seer Sharqi and Seer Gharbi). It lies at the peripheral boundary of Abbottabad and many of the people work in Islamabad and Rawalpindi due to easy access by road through the Ghora Gali- Rawalpindi road. Some inhabitants also live and work as far away as Lahore and Karachi, and a number are also expatriates abroad, working in the Middle East and Europe. The area is quite prosperous and the people well-off, thanks to the comparatively better economic conditions and foreign currency remittances.


title: Toru Irie

paragraphs: Toru Irie (born 8 July 1977) is a former Japanese football player.


title: Mitsuteru Watanabe

paragraphs: Mitsuteru Watanabe (born 10 April 1974) is a former Japanese football player.


title: Kenji Koyama

paragraphs: Kenji Koyama (born 5 September 1972) is a Japanese football player.


title: Yasunori Takada

paragraphs: Yasunori Takada (born 22 February 1979) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Thespa Kusatsu.


title: Tetsuro Uki

paragraphs: Tetsuro Uki (born 4 October 1971) is a former Japanese football player.


title: Keisuke Kurihara

paragraphs: Keisuke Kurihara (born 20 May 1973) is a former Japanese football player.


title: Kjell Bratli

paragraphs: Kjell Arne Bratli (born August 25, 1948) is the Parliamentary Commissioner for the Norwegian Armed Forces. Navy Captain and author. He is a graduate from the Royal Norwegian Naval Academy. Served at sea, land and in special service. He travelled as a military reporter behind Soviet lines in Afghanistan in the early 1980s and followed mujahideen groups in battle. Captain Bratli has been an active member of the Norwegian Reserve Officer Federation as well as in the CIOR (the NATO reservist organization). He played a vital role in building Rapid Response Information Teams in the NATO Alliance and NATO APIC (Allied Press and Information Centres), as well as modernizing the Norwegian Navy P&I units.

paragraphs: Former editor in the daily press and military periodicals. Former Member of the Board of the Atlantic Committee.

paragraphs: Bratli was appointed and served as special adviser to the Presidium of the Norwegian Parliament before being elected to the high office of Military Commissioner.

paragraphs: He has written more than twenty books. Many about Christianity, Military and Naval History, National Security and Golf. Bratli is a member of the prestigious Royal and Ancient Golf Club of St. Andrews.


title: Remembrance of Things Past

paragraphs: Remembrance of Things Past is a novel by the French writer Marcel Proust. It was published in seven parts between 1913 and 1927. The French title is "À la recherche du temps perdu".

paragraphs: Marcel reflects upon a number of events that have taken place in his life. He remembers the Dreyfus Affair, the First World War, and his relationship with a girl called Albertine.


title: David Mellor

paragraphs: David John Mellor, QC (born March 12, 1949 in Wareham, Dorset, England) is a British politician who was an MP from 1979 to 1997, as a member of the Conservative Party.

paragraphs: Mellor became a barrister in 1972, and a Queen's Counsel in 1987 but is currently not practising. He became a Member of Parliament (MP) representing the London constituency of Putney, at the 1979 General Election. In 1990, John Major made him Chief Secretary to the Treasury but after a sex scandal in 1992, Mellor was forced to resign and lost his seat to the Labour Party in the 1997 General Election.


title: Thomas Raber

paragraphs: Thomas Raber (born 20 November 1972 in Steyr) is composer and producer and lives in Austria.

paragraphs: In the 1990s Raber played piano, keyboards, guitar, bass, vocals in many bands. He wrote many songs for this bands.

paragraphs: As teacher he wrote the musical "Das kleine bunte Tierchen" for Kids (Story from Mira Lobe).

paragraphs: With his pop-mass "Wienerfelder Messe" (Vienna-Pop-Mass) he toured through the churches of Austria. Since then Thomas Raber was known.

paragraphs: Now Raber is working as composer and producer in Vienna. 2008 he made the Pop-Hymn of Linz (European capital of culture 2009) for the singer Yvonne Finsterle.

paragraphs: He also composes melodies for TV-Magazines (TW1-ORF-Austria, Austria9-TV)

paragraphs: He is the owner of a publishing company, label, recording studio and the "Hit-Factory".

paragraphs: He is also the producer of Gerald Jatzek, Georg Bydlinski and Manfred Porsch.


title: Wait Until Dark

paragraphs: Wait Until Dark is a suspense-thriller movie from 1967. Audrey Hepburn plays a blind woman who is terrorized by three criminals looking for a doll stuffed with heroin. The movie also stars Alan Arkin and Richard Crenna.


title: Indian Air Force

paragraphs: The Indian Air Force is the air arm of the Indian Military. The Royal Indian Air Force was founded on 1 April 1932 as part of the armed forces of the British Empire. In 1950, after independence, India dropped the word 'Royal' from the name.

paragraphs: Since 1950, the IAF has been involved in 5 wars but also participates regularly in United Nations peacekeeping missions.

paragraphs: The Indian Air Force has around 170,000 personnel and around 1700 aircraft making it the 4th largest air force in the world in terms of aircraft. The motto of the Indian Air Force is "nabhah sprsham diptam" ('touch the sky with glory').The motto has been taken from the Sacred Bhagavad Gita,Chapter 11,Verse 24.


title: Patiala

paragraphs: Patiala is a city in the Punjab state of India. It is the administrative headquarters of Patiala District. In the 2001 census, the population of Patiala city was 302,870. Patiala city is situated 250 meters above sea level. Geographic co-ordinates of Patiala city are latitude 30.33, longitude 76.4.


title: Don Walsh

paragraphs: Don Walsh (born November 2, 1931) is an American oceanographer and explorer. On January 23, 1960, along with Jacques Piccard, he reached the deepest point in all of the world's oceans, the bottom of the Mariana Trench. They spent 20 minutes at the bottom, but were unable to see anything because of the mud stirred up by the bathyscape. They were the only two people to do this until March 26, 2012, when James Cameron reached the bottom. It has been reported that Don Walsh was on the team that oversaw James' journey. The recorded depth was .


title: Laika

paragraphs: Laika (; c. 1954 – November 3, 1957) was a Soviet Union space dog. She was one of the first animals in space, and the first animal to orbit the Earth. She was a mix of either a Siberian Husky or other Nordic breed, and a terrier. NASA refers to Laika as a "part-Samoyed terrier." A dog was sent into space to get information about the behavior of living organisms in a space environment. Information from the flight led to the discovery of solar (from the sun) and cosmic radiation.

paragraphs: Laika had been a stray dog living in the streets of Moscow. She underwent training with two other dogs. She was then chosen as the dog to go up in the Soviet spacecraft Sputnik 2. It was launched into outer space on November 3, 1957.

paragraphs: Not much was known about how spaceflight would affect living animals at the time of Laika's mission. There was also no way, at that time, to bring the satellite back down to Earth. So all the scientists knew there would be no way for Laika to survive her trip. It was necessary to send a dog first as a test, because it was not thought that humans could live in outer space.

paragraphs: Before her trip in Sputnik, one of the scientists took Laika home to play with his children. Dr. Vladimir Yazdovsky wrote: "Laika was quiet and charming...I wanted to do something nice for her: She had so little time left to live."

paragraphs: One of the technicians getting the capsule ready before final lift-off said that "after placing Laika in the container and before closing the hatch, we kissed her nose and wished her "bon voyage", knowing that she would not survive the flight."

paragraphs: Laika died within hours from overheating. Her body temperature got way too hot for her to survive. The heat in her spacecraft had quickly risen to 40 degrees Celsius (104 degrees Fahrenheit). The true cause and time of her death were hidden from people until 2002. Instead, it was reported that she died when her oxygen ran out on day six. Another untruth, as the Soviet government first said, was that she was euthanised (put to sleep) before her oxygen ran out.

paragraphs: In the Soviet Union, during the following years, no one openly questioned the decision to send a dog into space. It was not until 1998, after the collapse of the Soviet Union, that Oleg Gazenko, one of the top-level scientists responsible for sending Laika into space, said he was sorry for allowing her to die:

paragraphs: Over five months later, after 2,570 orbits, Sputnik 2 burned up—along with Laika's remains—during re-entry on April 14, 1958.

paragraphs: On April 11, 2008, Russian officials opened a monument to Laika. It was built near the military research facility in Moscow which prepared Laika's space flight. It is of a dog standing on top of a rocket.

paragraphs: She also appears on the Monument to the Conquerors of Space in Moscow.

paragraphs: Laika & the Cosmonauts, a Finnish surf rock band, were named for Laika. They formed in 1987.


title: Jim Lovell

paragraphs: Jim Lovell (born March 25, 1928) is a former NASA astronaut and test pilot. He was pilot of the Apollo 8 and commander of the Apollo 13 mission. Crew of Apollo 13 mission failed to land on Moon because of loss of electric power and failure of both oxygen tanks due to technical problems. Because of efforts of crew and ground control room, all three astronauts aboard Apollo 13 returned to Earth safely.


title: Mahavira

paragraphs: Mahavira (599 BC-527 BC), also known as 'Vardhaman', was 24th Jain Tirthankara (Teaching God). He was born in 599 BC in Bihar state of India. He revived the Jain Dharma with five moral teachings under broad headings of Non-violence(Ahimsa), Truthfulness (Satya), Non-stealing (Asteya), Control of senses including mind (Brahmacharya), and Non-possessiveness (Aparigraha).

paragraphs: Mahavira preached that "ahimsa" (non-injury) is the supreme virtue. He is not the founder of Jain religion. He was preceded by 23 Thirthankaras. However, he was the last Tirthankara in the current time cycle.


title: Civil law

paragraphs: Civil law, as a system of law, is different from common law, which is another system of law. The origin of the civil law system of law is ancient Rome. The civil law system is used in countries such as Germany, France, many countries which were colonies of those European countries before, and in some Asian countries. It also been adopted in Latin America as well as in some parts of Asia and some African countries. There are about 150 countries worldwide that use mainly civil law systems. About 80 countries use the common law system.

paragraphs: Civil law's very name indicates where it started. Called is was the civil law during the Roman Republic and the later Roman Empire. It started in the 2nd century BC. By the end of the Republic, about 27 BC, a number of experts in the law called "jurists" (not to be confused with judges) became prominent. They were mostly members of the upper classes. Jurists provided their services to counsel people and advise judges who presided over trials. An important feature of Roman law was it did not depend on legal precedent by earlier cases but on the facts and merits of the current case.

paragraphs: In the 6th century, Justinian compiled the "Corpus Juris Civilis", a simplified code of Roman laws. It was used by the Byzantine Empire. The medieval Church based much of its Canon law on Roman law.

paragraphs: Germanic law, known as "leges barbarorum", written between the 5th and 9th centuries borrows from the Roman civil law.

paragraphs: Civil law developed in Europe during the middle age, about the same time common law developed in England. During the Renaissance, England's common law system borrowed from civil law. While the common law was the traditional law system in England by this time, Equity is based on civil law. Other features were borrowed and used in maritime law and in wills, trusts and estates. The Napoleonic Code, which borrowed much from Roman law, influenced many of the legal systems in Europe and was the foundation for Prussian civil law.

paragraphs: Civil law is based on rules and concepts that come from Roman law. The rules and principles of civil law are found in codes which are available to both citizens and legal professionals. These legal codes clearly explain everyone's rights and duties. Unlike common law, in civil law judges have a different role. In criminal cases they establish the facts of a case and use the applicable codes. In many countries, judges also bring the formal charges. Unlike common law, legal precedent is not used to rule in later cases. In this system the legislature passes statutes that are then applied by the courts. Judges look to the statutes instead of precedent in deciding a case.


title: Hurricane Klaus

paragraphs: Hurricane Klaus was a weak hurricane of the 1990 Atlantic hurricane season. Klaus moved very close to islands like Antigua and Martinique, while it was a hurricane. The remains of Klaus moved over the Southeastern United States and killed 4 people with Tropical Storm Marco, which was close by. Klaus killed 11 people and cause a little bit more than $1 million in damage.

paragraphs: In the Spring of 1991, France requested that the name Klaus be retired, because of what it did in Martinique. So the National Hurricane Center retired the name Klaus. The name Kyle was used in 1996, 2002, and 2008 instead.


title: I'm from Barcelona

paragraphs: I'm from Barcelona is an indie rock group from Sweden. The band currently has 28 members. It was started in 2005 by the group's lead vocal and founder, Emanuel Lundgren. Their first full-length EP was made in 2006 and was called "Let Me Introduce My Friends". It received many good reviews. In 2008, they came out with a second album called "Who Killed Harry Houdini?".

paragraphs: The group has toured many countries, including England, the United States, France, The Netherlands, Norway, Switzerland, and many more.

paragraphs: The group uses multiple instruments such as drums, guitars, tubas, banjos, and others.

paragraphs: In 2005, Emanuel Lundgren wrote several songs and gathered his friends to record them. Weeks later, a homemade EP was completed. A one-time live show with all 29 band members in it was performed in August 2005.

paragraphs: EMI Sweden signed the band and Dolores Recordings released the EP "Don't Give Up On Your Dreams, Buddy!" on February 15, 2006. This featured the band's first hit "We’re From Barcelona". This was named after Manuel, a character on BBC Television's "Fawlty Towers" ("He’s from Barcelona"). Their first full-length album, called "Let Me Introduce My Friends", was released on April 26, 2006 in Sweden. International releases followed, including an EMI UK release on 11 September 2006. In 2006 Lundgren did a Take-Away Show video session shot by Vincent Moon.

paragraphs: In July 2008, it was announced that the band would release a full-length album in Autumn 2008. This would be called "Who Killed Harry Houdini?". The album features French singer Soko on the track "Gunhild". The album was released on October 14, 2008. To promote it, they toured the UK. They finished at the Scala, London on 25 November 2008.

paragraphs: They appeared on the children's program "Yo Gabba Gabba" in 2008.

paragraphs: Their song "The Painter" was shown on the CBS television show "How I Met Your Mother", "Everything Must Go". This aired on May 12, 2008.


title: Sherwood Anderson

paragraphs: Sherwood Anderson (September 13, 1876 – March 8, 1941) was an American writer. He is most famous for his book "Winesburg, Ohio". Anderson is said to have had a big influence on some of the most famous American writers such as Ernest Hemingway, William Faulkner and John Steinbeck.

paragraphs: Anderson was born in Camden, Ohio. He was the third of seven children. Anderson’s father, Erwin Anderson, had a business which failed. After this, the Anderson family had to move house often, finally settling in Clyde, Ohio. Erwin Anderson began drinking heavily and died in 1895. Sherwood Anderson took a number of jobs to help support his family and he left school at the age of 14.

paragraphs: Anderson moved to Chicago. He worked there until just before 1900, when he signed up for the United States Army. In 1900, Anderson went to Wittenberg University in Springfield, Ohio. He eventually went back to Chicago to take up a writing job.

paragraphs: In 1904, he married Cornelia Lane. Lane came from a rich family in Ohio. They lived in Cleveland, Ohio and then in Elyria, Ohio. Anderson had three children and ran a number of businesses.

paragraphs: In November 1912, Anderson had a mental breakdown. He left his wife and three children and decided to become a creative writer. He moved back to Chicago, but took a job in advertising and publishing. Anderson divorced Cornelia in 1916 and got married to Tennessee Mitchell.

paragraphs: In 1916, Anderson’s first book, "Windy McPherson’s Son", was released. In 1919, Anderson’s most famous book, "Winesburg, Ohio", was released. "Winesburg, Ohio" was a collection of short stories about life in a town in Ohio.

paragraphs: In 1922, Anderson divorced Tennessee Mitchell. He got married again in 1924, to Elizabeth Prall. This marriage did not last either. Anderson married again in the late 1920s – this time to Eleanor Copenhaver.

paragraphs: Anderson died in Panama on the 8th March, 1941, at the age of 64. He was buried in Marion, Virginia. The writing on his gravestone reads "Life, Not Death, is the Great Adventure."


title: Selectivity (electronic)

paragraphs: The principle of Selectivity (Discrimination) is based upon an analysis of several circuit breaker characteristics. These include time-current (tripping) curves, peak-let-through-current (Ipeak) and energy let-through (I²T).

paragraphs: The maximum selectivity level with two nominated breakers in series under short-circuit conditions is often stated by vendors in Technical Reference manuals.

paragraphs: Selectivity can be enhanced beyond the breaking capacity of the downstream breaker provided it is backed up by an appropriately selected upstream breaker, which should not trip (unlatch) under the stated short circuit current.

paragraphs: Selectivity works as the upstream breaker heats up under fault conditions providing impedance in the fault circuit reducing the overall fault severity.


title: Push It to the Limit

paragraphs: "Push It to the Limit" is a song from the movie "Scarface". Rapper Rick Ross also made a song called "Push It to the Limit".


title: We Are All Made of Stars

paragraphs: We Are All Made of Stars is a song by Moby. The video shows him with different celebrities in an astronaut suit.


title: Castles in the Sky

paragraphs: Castles in the Sky is an electronica song by Ian Van Dahl from Belgium. It was later recorded again with a new singer for the album, "Ace". There is also a video to this song.


title: 3 A.M.

paragraphs: "3 A.M." is a song by rapper Eminem off his album Relapse. It was produced by Dr. Dre. It is about being a serial killer. The video is very disturbing with Eminem in the woods with no shirt on and there is also drugs and a bath of blood in the video. Eminem's serial killer fetish first came to light when 50 Cent revealed that a track featuring Em called "Norman Bates Motel," a reference to Alfred Hitchcock's Psycho, would appear on Fiddy's Before I Self-Destruct. Despite the grisly lyrics, "3AM" does boast an awesome Dr. Dre beat, and Slim Shady's dexterous cadence is evidence of the extra time he was given experimenting with his prose while Dre alleviated the pressure of producing Relapse. Still, if Em's claim that "3AM" mirrors the overall tone of Relapse is true, we'll need a night light to make it through this album when it hits stores May 19th.


title: Dieter Rams

paragraphs: Dieter Rams (born 20 May 1932 in Wiesbaden) is a German industrial designer closely associated with the Braun company.

paragraphs: Rams learned carpentry as an apprentice. He also studied architecture at the "".

paragraphs: After working at an architecture firm from 1953 and 1955 he joined Braun. He was successful at Braun and became chief of design from 1961.

paragraphs: Rams once explained his design approach in the phrase "" meaning "Less, but better." Many of his designs such as coffee makers, radios, audio/visual equipment, and office products are on display in museums over the world. Dieter Rams retired from Braun in 1998.

paragraphs: Rams designed a cover for "Wallpaper" magazine.

paragraphs: Rams came up with a set of rules for making a good design:


title: Seamus Heaney

paragraphs: Seamus Heaney (1939-2013) won a Nobel Prize in 1995 for poetry. He lived in Dublin for much of his life.

paragraphs: Heaney was born on 13 April 1939 at the family farmhouse called Mossbawn, in Northern Ireland. His parents were Patrick and Sarah Heaney, and Seamus was the first of nine children.

paragraphs: Patrick was a farmer, but his main business was selling cattle.

paragraphs: Sarah Heaney was called Sarah McCann before she married Patrick Heaney, and her relations worked to make cloth in the linen industry.

paragraphs: Heaney said it was important part of his background that his parents came from different parts of Irish life: the cattle-herding Gaelic past and the Ulster of the Industrial Revolution.

paragraphs: Heaney died in the Blackrock Clinic in Dublin, aged 74, following a stroke.


title: Tomoyuki Yoshino

paragraphs: Tomoyuki Yoshino (born 9 July 1980) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Gainare Tottori.


title: Takuya Jinno

paragraphs: Takuya Jinno (born 1 June 1970) is a former Japanese football player.


title: Keiji Ishizuka

paragraphs: Keiji Ishizuka (born 26 August 1974) is a former Japanese football player.


title: Anton-Babinski syndrome

paragraphs: Anton-Babinski syndrome is a problem that comes from some types of brain damage. People with this problem are blind, but they think they can still see even though it is easy to show they are blind, they still insist they are able to see. This usually occurs after a stroke.


title: Half-staff

paragraphs: Half-staff or half-mast describes a flag being displayed at halfway up a flagpole or a ship's mast. This is done in many countries as a symbol of respect, mourning, or distress, or a form of honor.

paragraphs: The flag does not always have to be flown at exactly the half-way point, sometimes it is acceptable to have the "half-mast" flag at slightly lower or slightly higher than the middle of the flagpole or mast. Originally, "half-staff" meant that the flag had to be flown one flag-width from the top to allow for the "invisible flag of mourning" to be at the top.


title: Palm Springs, California

paragraphs: Palm Springs, California is a city in Riverside County, California. As of 2010, 44,552 people lived there. It is one of the largest cities in the Coachella Valley. Palm Springs and the surrounding area have many retirement communities (places where retired people live). The city and surrounding area have almost 100 golf courses.

paragraphs: Palm Springs has a hot desert climate ("BWh" in the Köppen climate classification).


title: Navier–Stokes equations

paragraphs: The Navier–Stokes equations are mathematical equations that describe the motion of fluids. The equations are named after Claude-Louis Navier and George Gabriel Stokes. The equations happen when you apply Newton's second law to fluid dynamics with the guess that the stress, or internal forces, comes from the sum of a diffusing viscous term (based on which way the velocity is changing), plus a pressure term.

paragraphs: They are very useful because many important things flow. Scientists and engineers use the equations in mathematical models of weather, ocean currents, water flow in a pipe, how air flows around a wing, and how stars move inside a galaxy. The Navier–Stokes equations in their full and simplified forms help with the design of aircraft and cars, the study of blood flow, the design of power stations, the analysis of pollution, and many other things. Together with Maxwell's equations (the equations for electricity and magnetism) they can be used to model and study how things that can flow and conduct electricity can produce (and react to) magnetic fields.

paragraphs: The Navier–Stokes equations are also of great interest in a purely mathematical sense. Somewhat surprisingly, given how useful these equations are, mathematicians have not yet proven that in three dimensions solutions always exist, or that if they do exist, then they do not contain any bad points where they become infinite. These are called the Navier–Stokes existence and smoothness problems. The Clay Mathematics Institute has called this one of the seven most important open problems in mathematics, and offered a US$1,000,000 prize (approx. €0.7M or £0.6M as of September 2009) for a solution or a counter-example.

paragraphs: The Navier–Stokes equations dictate not position but rather velocity (how fast the fluid is going and where it is going). A solution of the Navier–Stokes equations is called a velocity field or flow field, which is a description of the velocity of the fluid at a given point in space and time. Once the velocity field is solved for, other quantities of interest (such as flow rate or drag force) may be found. This is different from what one normally sees in classical mechanics, where solutions are typically paths of a particle over time. Studying velocity instead of position makes more sense for a fluid, but for visualization purposes one also can compute various paths that a particle could flow along.


title: Mary Toft

paragraphs: Mary Toft (née Denyer) (c. 1701–1763), also called Mary Tofts, was an English woman from Godalming, Surrey. In 1726 she tricked doctors into believing that she had given birth to rabbits. She became famous, and was taken to London. There she was examined by royal doctors. Later she confessed, and was sent to prison.

paragraphs: Toft became pregnant in 1726, but later miscarried. She had developed a strong interest in a rabbit she had seen while working, and claimed to have given birth to parts of animals. Local surgeon John Howard was called to see if it was true, and upon delivering several animal parts he told other important doctors. The event came to the attention of Nathaniel St. André, surgeon to the Royal Household of King George I of Great Britain. St. André checked further into the event and decided that Toft was telling the truth. The king also sent surgeon Cyriacus Ahlers to see Toft, but Ahlers did not believe it. By now quite famous, Toft was brought to London and was studied at length. She was watched closely. She produced no more rabbits, and eventually confessed to the hoax and was sent to prison as a fraud.

paragraphs: The public learned of the fact that the doctors had been fooled, and this created panic in the medical profession. Several important surgeons' careers were ruined. Pamphlets were published which made fun of the doctors, and William Hogarth was very critical of the profession. Toft was eventually released without charge and returned to her home.


title: San Fernando de Monte Cristi

paragraphs: San Fernando de Monte Cristi, usually just "Monte Cristi", is a city in the Dominican Republic and the head municipality of the Monte Cristi province, in the northwest of the nation.

paragraphs: The name comes from the name given by Columbus on 4 January 1493 to the mountain known now as "El Morro": "Monte Cristo" or "Monte Christi" ("Mountain of Christ").

paragraphs: The name of the city has been written of different ways: "Monte Cristi" (Columbus), "Monte Cristo" (Ferdinand Columbus), "Monte Christi" or "Monte Christo" (Las Casas), "Monte Cristy" and "Montecristi". But the name most used is Monte Cristi.

paragraphs: When the city was founded again in 1751, the name was changed to the present one, "San Fernando de Monte Cristi", after Ferdinand VI, King of Spain.

paragraphs: The municipality had, in , a total population of 24,644: 12,892 men and 11,752 women. The urban population was of the total population.

paragraphs: The city was founded by Juan de Bolaños in 1533; but Rodríguez says that it was in 1545 by Francisco Mesa. Some families from the Canary Islands came to live here. Because it was too dry and hot, there was not possibility of any kind of farming, except some cattle raising, and the city was developed as a port.

paragraphs: The town was destroyed in 1606 by order of the Spanish government and the inhabitants were moved, together with the inhabitants of Puerto Plata inhabitants, away from the northern coast to form the new town of Monte Plata. In 1751, Monte Cristi was founded again by order of the king Ferdinand VI of Spain.

paragraphs: Monte Cristi is in the northwestern end of the Cibao Valley, near the Montecristi Bay. The city is just to the north of the mouth of the River Yaque del Norte.

paragraphs: To the north of the city is the western end of the "Cordillera Septentrional" ("Northern mountain range"); the last mountain of this range is "El Morro".

paragraphs: The municipality has a total area of 535.87. The region around the city is very dry and hot.

paragraphs: The altitude of the city of Monte Cristi is above sea level.

paragraphs: Monte Cristi has a tropical savanna climate (Köppen-Geiger classification: As) with a pronounced dry season on summer, and an wet season on winter.

paragraphs: The average amount of rainfall for the year in the city is . The month with the most precipitation on average is November with of rainfall, followed by December with .

paragraphs: The driest season is summer. The month with the least rainfall on average is July with an average of followed by August, .

paragraphs: Monte Cristi is in a warm region; the average temperature for the year is . The warmest month, on average, is August with an average temperature of . The coolest month on average is January, with an average temperature of .

paragraphs: The most important economic activities in the municipality are fishing and salt production. Farming is important near the River Yaque del Norte, and the main crops are bananas and rice.

paragraphs: Tourism is also important here, with the different beaches near the city and people that come here for fishing.


title: Belarusians

paragraphs: Belarusians are an East Slavic ethnic group. Most live in Belarus, and smaller communities live in Russia, Ukraine, Latvia, Kazakhstan, Poland, Lithuania, Moldova, and others. About 600,000 Americans have Belarusian ancestry.

paragraphs: About 70% of Belarusians speak Russian at home, while only 26% speak Belarusian at home.


Zvezda


title: Douglas MacArthur

paragraphs: General Douglas MacArthur (January 26, 1880 - April 5, 1964) was an American General who served in World War I, World War II, and the Korean War. Twice forces under his command suffered large defeats.

paragraphs: In 1941 he became Commander of United States Army forces in the Far East. From December 1941 to April 1942 the Japanese Army conquered the Philippines. He fled, but later returned leading a victorious army.

paragraphs: In 1950 he led United Nations forces in Korea. The Chinese defeated them at the Chosin Reservoir in North Korea. After making several comments towards superiors questioning their actions, he was relieved from command in April 1951 by President Harry S Truman He was born in Little Rock, Arkansas, in 1880 and died in Washington, D.C., in 1964.