title: Owen Benjamin

paragraphs: Owen Benjamin (born Owen Benjamin Smith) is a offensive comedian. He is best known for his hatred of political correctness. He believes in racist and antisemitic conspiracy theories.

paragraphs: Owen Benjamin was born in 1980. He went to Plattsburgh State college. He started out as an actor in television in 2006. In 2008, Benjamin played a supporting character in the ʽmovieʼ The House Bunny. In 2009, he starred in the movie All's Faire in Love, co-starring Christina Ricci. In 2012, Benjamin started playing the protagonist’s best friend in the sitcom Sullivan and Son.

paragraphs: Benjamin modeled his comedy after that of Adam Sandler and Vince Vaughn. He says the most offensive things he can think of about everyone because he wants to show that no one gets to tell him what he can or cannot say.

paragraphs: Owen Benjamin says that the transgender movement is just a modern day version of eugenics and that radio host Jesse Thorn is a child molester because he transitioned his kid. Benjamin says he wants to bring back slavery to enslave Shaun King. Benjamin is a creationist and does not believe that dinosaurs ever existed. He also says that HIV doesn't really exist.

paragraphs: Owen Benjamin has said that Hitler did not really hate the Jews but was trying to "clean Germany up" to get rid of the "parasites". Benjamin says that Jews control the media, Hollywood and pornography and that no one but the Jews wants any of them. Benjamin also said that no gas chambers were ever used during the Holocaust and that if the Jews end up with power they will destroy civilization. Benjamin also supports Peter Brimelow.

paragraphs: Benjamin also made up lines from the Talmud that it didn't actually say to prove that Jews are evil. Benjamin also makes fun of people who do not like Holocaust denial.

paragraphs: In a video attacking Ben Shapiro for criticizing Nick Fuentes and people on the Alt-right who support conspiracy theories, Owen Benjamin describes himself as on the Alt-right by saying “Do you know anyone else on the Alt-right who sings about moon landing conspiracies” and that “what Ben Shapiro doesn’t understand is that all that it means when we say we’re Alt-right is that we’re an alternative to the mainstream right!”.

paragraphs: In 2008, Owen Benjamin got engaged to Christina Ricci but later called off their marriage. He eventually married someone else and had two kids.


title: Bernard Ebbers

paragraphs: Bernard John "Bernie" Ebbers (August 27, 1941 – February 2, 2020) was a Canadian-American businessman and criminal. He was convicted of fraud and conspiracy as a result of WorldCom's false financial reporting. He co-founded WorldCom and was chief executive officer. Ebbers was born in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.

paragraphs: In October 2019, it was reported that Ebbers had anemia, dementia and heart disease. He died on February 2, 2020 of dementia-related problems in Brookhaven, Mississippi at the age of 78.


title: Mad Mike Hoare

paragraphs: Thomas Michael "Mad Mike" Hoare (17 March 1919 – 2 February 2020) was an Irish mercenary leader and adventurer. He was known for his military activities in Africa and tried to lead a coup d'état in the Seychelles.

paragraphs: Hoare died on 2 February 2020, aged 100.


title: Salahuddin Wahid

paragraphs: Salahuddin Wahid (11 September 1942 – 2 February 2020), known as Gus Solah, was an Indonesian Islamic scholar and politician. He was a member of the People's Consultative Assembly from 1998 to 1999 and was the vice chair of the National Commission on Human Rights from 2002 to 2004.

paragraphs: During the 2004 presidential election, he became the running mate to Wiranto, though the ticket lost the election.

paragraphs: Wahid was born in Jombang, Japanese Indies. He studied at Bandung Institute of Technology.

paragraphs: In January 2020, Wahid had surgery at a Jakarta hospital. He died from problems caused by the surgery on 2 February 2020, aged 77.


title: The Gentlemen (2019 movie)

paragraphs: The Gentlemen is a 2019 action comedy movie written and directed by Guy Ritchie. It stars Matthew McConaughey, Charlie Hunnam, Henry Golding, Michelle Dockery, Jeremy Strong, Eddie Marsan, Colin Farrell and Hugh Grant.

paragraphs: It is about an American marijuana kingpin in England who is looking to sell his company, setting off a chain of blackmail and schemes to undermine him.

paragraphs: "The Gentlemen" premiered on December 3, 2019, and was theatrically released in the United Kingdom on January 1, 2020 and in the United States on January 24, 2020. It got positive reviews from critics.


title: Duluth, Georgia

paragraphs: Duluth is a city in Gwinnett County, Georgia, United States. It is a suburb of Atlanta. As of the 2010 census, Duluth had a population of 26,600.

paragraphs: "Forbes" ranked Duluth 26th in "America's Best Places to Move" in 2009.


title: Richmond, Illinois

paragraphs: Richmond is a village in McHenry County, Illinois, United States, 44 miles south-southwest of Milwaukee, Wisconsin and 55 miles northwest of Chicago. The population was 1,874 at the 2010 census.


title: Hanna Holborn Gray

paragraphs: Hanna Holborn Gray (born October 25, 1930) is an American historian. Her work focused on Renaissance and Reformation political thought. She was Professor of History "Emerita" at the University of Chicago. She was president of the University of Chicago, from 1978 to 1993 and was acting president of Yale University in 1977-78.

paragraphs: Gray was born in Heidelberg, Germany to American parents. She studied at Bryn Mawr College, University of Oxford and at Harvard University.


title: Derek Bok

paragraphs: Derek Curtis Bok (born March 22, 1930) is an American lawyer and educator. He was the Harvard University from 1971 through 1991 and again from 2006 to 2007. Bok was born in Bryn Mawr, Pennsylvania.


title: Baltistan Peak

paragraphs: Baltistan Peak is a mountain in the Karakoram range, in Pakistan. It is also known as K6. Baintha Brakk is part of the Masherbrum subrange. It is the 89th highest mountain in the world.


title: El Centro, California

paragraphs: El Centro is a city in and county seat of Imperial County, California, United States. In 2018, the population was 44,120.


title: Lakeport, California

paragraphs: Lakeport is an incorporated city and county seat of Lake County, California. This city is northwest of Sacramento. The population was 4,753 at the 2010 census, down from 4,820 at the time of the 2000 census in the region.


title: Bat-borne virus

paragraphs: A bat-borne virus is a virus that is transmitted through bats. Bats are vectors for these viruses, they transmit them either through their saliva, or through their feces. Known examples of bat-borne viruses are the coronaviruses (such as those causing SARS and MERS), the Ebola virus, and some forms of rabies. Many bats live in groups, which remain close to each other for a long time. It is believed that this habit helps the spread of infections. Because of their ability to fly, bats also spread the viruses in a larger area than rodents do.


title: Frank Shakespeare

paragraphs: Francis J. Shakespeare (born April 9, 1925) is an American politician and media executive. He was the president of CBS Television before entering public service. He was the United States Ambassador to Portugal from 1985 to 1986 and the United States Ambassador to the Holy See from 1986 to 1989.


title: Richard A. Snelling

paragraphs: Richard Arkwright Snelling (February 18, 1927August 13, 1991) was an American businessman and politician. He was the 76th and 78th Governor of Vermont from 1977 to 1985 and from January 10, 1991 until his death.

paragraphs: Snelling died of a heart attack at his home in Shelburne, Vermont on August 13, 1991 at the age of 64.


title: Biratchowk

paragraphs: Biratchowk is a town in Sundarharaicha Municipality, Morang District in the Koshi Zone of south-eastern Nepal. It is considered the emerging city in Morang District.


title: Rishi Kapoor

paragraphs: Rishi Kapoor (4 September 1952 – 30 April 2020) was an Indian actor, director and producer. He was known for his work in Hindi cinema. He won the National Film Award for his debut role as a child artist in his father Raj Kapoor's 1970 movie "Mera Naam Joker" (1970).

paragraphs: In 2018, Kapoor was diagnosed with bone marrow cancer. He died of respiratory failure caused by cancer at a hospital in Mumbai on 30 April 2020, aged 67.


title: Peter Serkin

paragraphs: Peter Adolf Serkin (July 24, 1947 – February 1, 2020) was an American classical pianist. He won the Grammy Award for Most Promising New Classical Recording Artist in 1966. He taught at the Curtis Institute of Music, the Juilliard School, Yale University, and Bard College.

paragraphs: Serkin died from pancreatic cancer at his home in Red Hook, New York, on February 1, 2020 at the age of 72.


title: Newfane, Vermont

paragraphs: Newfane is the shire town (county seat) of Windham County, Vermont, United States. The population was 1,726 at the 2010 census.


title: Marlboro, Vermont

paragraphs: Marlboro is a town in Windham County, Vermont, United States. The population was 978 at the 2000 census.


title: VirtualBox

paragraphs: VirtualBox is a general-purpose full virtualizer for x86 hardware, targeted at server, desktop and embedded use. NextStep OS can be installed on Virtual Box.


title: London's Burning (TV series)

paragraphs: London's Burning is a British television drama programme. It was produced by London Weekend Television for the ITV network. It is about the lives of members of the London Fire Brigade at the fictional Blackwall fire station. It began with a TV movie pilot, shown on 7 December 1986. There were 14 series. They ran from 20 February 1988 to 25 August 2002.

paragraphs: Jack Rosenthal's original two-hour TV movie was shown on ITV on 7 December 1986.

paragraphs: It was directed by Les Blair. The Broadwater Farm riot inspired the screenplay.

paragraphs: The TV show was a weekly episodic drama that began on 20 February 1988. Paul Knight was the show's producer. Writers included Anita Bronson, David Humphries, Simon Sharkey, and Tony Hoare (writer). Directors included Gerry Poulson, Gerry Mill, John Reardon, Keith Washington and Alan Wareing. Emergencies, called 'shouts', would not only be fires, but included a range of incidents from cats up trees to major road accidents. Each episode ran for 50 minutes (one hour with advertisement breaks). The first series had five episodes. The second and third series each had eight episodes. Episodes were mostly filmed at Dockhead fire station in Bermondsey in London. Real firefighters working shifts were extras on the programme. A studio near the station was used for crowded mess scenes. They also used the fire station's actual mess, bay and watchroom throughout the series.

paragraphs: A Christmas special was transmitted between series 1 and 2 on 25 December 1988, on ITV. The special followed Blue Watch on duty on Christmas Day.

paragraphs: On 8 September 1991, a special 30-minute behind-the-scenes documentary started the fourth series. This documentary was also released onto VHS video, by Clear Vision Video. It was then added as a DVD extra, on the Series 4 DVD release by Network DVD.

paragraphs: In 1991, LWT commissioned 10 episodes for Series 4. It became the most popular series of the drama. Paul Knight had appointed Brian Clark as the Fire Brigade Advisor. The writers, directors, and Clark decided on a climax to the fourth series. The mental state of one of the main characters deteriorates after being buried alive under a collapsed wall. This is during a spectacular 20-pump warehouse fire. Series 4's climax won the programme a record rating of 18.86 million viewers.

paragraphs: Each series now included a major disaster or "shout". In Series 5, a spinning wheel ride at a fairground is jammed by a youth, played by Liam McGuire, armed with a pole. The ride collapses, and there is a huge fire with people trapped in the crushed metal. The series attracted 17 million viewers.

paragraphs: In the early 1990s, the ratings averaged 17–18 million viewers. In 1995 (Series 8), ratings fell to 16 million viewers.

paragraphs: Paul Knight decided it was time for a tragic exit for one of the main characters. The man who was to be killed was Sub Officer John Hallam. Hallam was killed off in 1996 (Series 9) during a huge warehouse fire. He and his colleague, Leading Firefighter Geoff Pearce, were attempting to rescue four teenage girls. They were on an unstable gantry above a blaze in the basement. Hallam held the gantry steady for Pearce as he walked across with one of the girls. As Hallam attempted to cross, the gantry cracked and Hallam fell to his death. The writers developed a storyline about Pearce feeling an overwhelming sense of guilt after the accident, which would lead to him considering a transfer.

paragraphs: Series 9 attracted 16.8 million viewers.

paragraphs: Series 10 was the last series produced by Paul Knight. It had 18 episodes. It focused on the crew's domestic lives rather than firefighting work. Budget cuts led to scenes being done with computer-generated imagery. Notable 'shouts' included ones at a paint factory and another at a bus depot.

paragraphs: The new producer was David Shanks. Series 11, 12 and 13 saw the return to firefighting scenes as the primary focus. Series 14 was almost completely based on soap opera-style story lines, with the number of fire 'shouts' severely reduced. Viewing figures slumped as the series was critically panned. In 2002 "London's Burning" was cut from the schedule; the final episode was broadcast on 25 August 2002 in a two-hour slot.

paragraphs: In 2000 a 90-minute behind-the-scenes special was released on VHS video.

paragraphs: The "London's Burning" theme used in Series 1–10 was composed by Simon Brint, Rowland Rivron, and Roddy Matthews. Series 11–13 used a theme composed by Warren Bennett. The series 14 theme was composed by Stuart Hancock and Toby Jarvis and produced at London-based music production house Mcasso Music. Hancock also composed the original incidental music score to all episodes of series 14.

paragraphs: Series 1–10 lacked a title sequence. The episodes opened with the text "London's Burning". It was in Futura bold condensed typeface and was superimposed in white over the opening scene of the episode. Series 11–13 used a montage of action shots superimposed over a fiery background as the text "London's Burning" superimposed in gold and black slowly grew in size over the course of the sequence. It quickly zoomed to fill the screen on the final musical flourish. Series 14 used a shorter montage of action and character shots before the text "london's burning" in orange and white appeared and moved closer together over a shot of fire engines emerging from the station.

paragraphs: The first few series used Dockhead Fire Station at 8 Wolseley Street, London SE1, as the exterior for Blackwall. The Jacob Street studio is opposite. It had a full scale reproduction of the mess, built by Colin Monk. The actual station mess was also used in the series, as were many other parts of the station and its actual firefighters. Dockhead is still an operational fire station but the original station building was demolished and replaced in 2015.

paragraphs: The Swan and Sugar Loaf pub, which featured as the firefighters' local pub, has since been converted to flats. The location is about 800 metres from Tower Bridge.

paragraphs: The Restaurant opened by Mike 'Bayleaf' Wilson in series 9 was filmed on location at The Chequers Inn, Deal, Kent.

paragraphs: Later series used the exterior of Leyton Fire Station and the Oliver Twist pub opposite.

paragraphs: All series of London's Burning were released between 2005 and 2011.

paragraphs: As of 6 January 2019, Drama is re-showing "London's Burning" at one episode per weekday (2.20–3.20 pm Monday to Friday).


title: Northern bat

paragraphs: The northern bat ("Eptesicus nilssonii") is a species of bat in Eurasia. It is related to the serotine bat ("Eptesicus serotinus").


title: Supporting character

paragraphs: A supporting character is an important fictional character in any book, movie or television show who is not the protagonist.


title: Clipperton Island

paragraphs: Clipperton Island is an uninhabited atoll in the Pacific Ocean, off the coast of Central America. It is about in size, and is an overseas territory of France. In Spanish, it is known as "Isla de la Pasión. It is about" from Acapulco. The nearest French settlements is Papeete, away. Paris is away. Clipperton Island is about south-east of Socorro Island in the Revillagigedo Archipelago, which is the nearest land.


title: Peter Brimelow

paragraphs: Peter Brimelow is a British-born American paleoconservative. There are a lot of people who hate him and say that he is racist. He says that he is not racist and that “the modern definition of a ‘racist’ is someone who’s winning an argument with a liberal”.

paragraphs: Peter Brimelow was born in England in 1947. He and his twin brother studied at the University of Sussex and at Stanford University. He moved to Toronto and worked as an editor for a Canadian newspaper called the Financial Post and for a Canadian magazine called Maclean’s. In 1978, he started working for a Republican United States Senator named Orrin Hatch. In 1980, Brimelow moved to New York and started working for American magazines. He was the editor of Forbes Magazine from 1986 to 2002.

paragraphs: Brimelow is opposed to immigration legal or not. He said that California was once “paradise” which is to say heaven but that Hispanics had turned it into a slum. Brimelow does not like to be called a white nationalist and sued the New York Times for saying he was one. Brimelow started an anti-immigration website called VDARE which published work by Jared Taylor and Sam T. Francis. In 2008, he said that the Republican Party of the United States should focus on getting white people to vote for them. In 2012, he gave a speech attacking multiculturalism at CPAC.

paragraphs: Brimelow wrote a book called Alien Nation in which he said that immigration to the US was a “disaster”. Brimelow wrote a book called The Worm in the Apple in which he criticizes teachers’ unions. Brimelow wrote a book called The Patriot Game about Canada and why in his opinion there is no set of ideas that Canada is built on.


title: Gas-fired power plant

paragraphs: A Gas-fired power plant is a power plant which uses natural gas to generate electricity. About a quarter of the world's electricity need is generated using gas-fired power plants. As the gas is burnt to generate the electricity, this also contributes greenhouse gases and contributes to global warming


title: Yoronjima

paragraphs: Yoronjima (与論島, Okinawan and Yoron: ユンヌ "Yunnu"; Kunigami: ユンヌー "Yunnuu)" is one of the Amami Islands of Okinawa Prefecture, Japan.

paragraphs: In 2018, it had 5,056 people. Most of them are Ryukyuan, who are the natives of the Ryūkyū Islands.


title: Virgin of the Rocks

paragraphs: This painting by Da Vinci was very controversial and had two versions. The painting itself showed Mary, John the Baptist, Jesus, and an angel. Mary was holding John the Baptist while Jesus blessed them. This painting was quite controversial because Mary wasn't remotely touching Jesus at all, so Da Vinci made a second version of the painting. Mary has a graceful air about her, which was a traditional Renaissance fashion. This painting is the first time in which a Renaissance artist has completely abandoned halos.


title: Bay (horse)

paragraphs: A bay horse is a horse who is reddish brown with black legs, mane and tail.


title: Peronism

paragraphs: Peronism or justicialism is an Argentine political movement based on the ideas and legacy of Argentine president Juan Perón (1895–1974). It has been an influential movement in Argentine politics. Since 1946 Peronists have won 10 out of the 13 presidential elections in which they have been allowed to run. The main Peronist party is the Justicialist Party. The ideas of each president were different, but the general ideology has been described as "a vague blend of nationalism and labourism" or populism.

paragraphs: Juan Perón became Argentina's minister of labour after participating in the 1943 military coup and was elected president of Argentina in 1946. He introduced social programs that benefited the working class, supported labor unions, and called for additional involvement of the state in the economy. In addition he helped industrialists. Perón was very popular and gained even more admiration through his wife, Eva, who championed for the rights of migrant workers and was loved by the people. Due to rising inflation and other economic problems, the military overthrew Perón in 1955. The Peronist party was banned and it wasn't until 1973 that open elections were held again. In the 1973 election, Perón was again elected president. He died the next year and his widow, Isabel, took his place as president. Perón's death had led to disunity and the military overthrew Isabel in 1976.

paragraphs: Peronist Carlos Menem was president from 1989 to1999. His policies were very different from previous Peronists, he focused on privatization, free-market policies, and international relations. Peronist Néstor Kirchner was president from 2003 to 2007, and his wife Cristina Fernández de Kirchner was president from 2007 to 2015. According to the Economist, the Kirchners returned to "economic nationalism and near-autarky". The ideology of the Kirchners is known as Kirchnerism.


title: Yellow-dog contract

paragraphs: A yellow-dog contract (a yellow-dog clause of a contract, or an ironclad oath) is an agreement between an employer and an employee. The employee agrees not to be a part of a trade union. This was part of a contract which employers and employees signed when employees were hired. In the United States, yellow-dog contracts or yellow-dog clauses were often used by employers to stop the creation of unions. It let employers take legal action against union organizers. In 1932, yellow-dog contracts were made illegal in the United States under the Norris-LaGuardia Act.

paragraphs: The term yellow-dog clause can also have another meaning: non-compete clauses inside of or added to to a non-disclosure agreement to stop an employee from working for other employers in the same industry.


title: Seven Sisters, London

paragraphs: Seven Sisters is an area in North London. It is in the borough of Haringey, in London, United Kingdom.


title: Image sensor

paragraphs: An image sensor is an electronic device that can record an image. Usually, image sensors work by detecting the level, and intensity of light. Most sensors work on visible light and infrared light. There are special sensors which can detect X-Rays and Gamma Radiation. There are different ways in which to build such sensors: In 2020, the most common sensor technologies were CCD and CMOS.


title: Lake Bonney (South Australia)

paragraphs: Lake Bonney is a coastal freshwater lake in South Australia. Lake Bonney is the lake that was talked about in the song, "My Bonnie" by the Beatles.


title: Chicken patty

paragraphs: A chicken patty (also known as Chicken sandwich) is a type of food. A chicken patty can be found at some fast food restaurants. Food like lettuce and ketchup can be added to a chicken patty. One chicken patty has around 200 calories, but calories change in size.


paragraphs: Bigfoot Presents: Meteor and the Mighty Monster Trucks is a Canadian–American computer-animated television series that was shown on Discovery Kids in September 23, 2006. The show was produced by Endgame Entertainment, CCI Entertainment, Big Bang Digital Studios, Brandissimo! and Discovery Kids.


title: The Naked Sun

paragraphs: The Naked Sun is a science fiction mystery novel written by Isaac Asimov. It is about a human detective named Elijah Baley who goes to another planet called Solaria and has to try and solve a murder with the help of a robot named Daneel Olivaw. The people on Solaria hate having to be in the same room as other humans are in and have robots to do everything for them. The robots can't do anything to hurt anyone because of the Three Laws of Robotics. The only person who was ever in the same room as the victim was his wife but Baley doesn't believe she did it. Baley has to try and prove that robots were tricked into killing her without realising that that is what they were doing by a scientist who hated and was afraid of people and to figure out why he did it.


title: Kenneth Anger

paragraphs: Kenneth Anger (born Kenneth Wilbur Anglemyer, February 3, 1927) is an American filmmaker, actor and author. He has been called "one of America's first openly gay filmmakers". His best known works were "Inauguration of the Pleasure Dome" (1954), "Scorpio Rising" (1964), "Kustom Kar Kommandos" (1965), and the gossip book "Hollywood Babylon" (1965).


title: John Russell (equestrian)

paragraphs: Colonel John William Russell (February 2, 1920 – September 30, 2020) was an American equestrian. He won a bronze medal at the 1952 Summer Olympics in Helsinki. He helped organize two World Modern Pentathlon Championships. He retired and opened the Russell Equestrian Center and was added into the United States Show Jumping Hall of Fame in 2001.

paragraphs: Russell died on September 30, 2020 in San Antonio, Texas at the age of 100.


Palestine


title: Dauphin, Pennsylvania

paragraphs: Dauphin is a borough in Dauphin County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 791 at the 2010 census.


title: Judith Viorst

paragraphs: Judith Viorst (née Stahl, February 2, 1931) is an American writer, newspaper journalist, and psychoanalysis researcher. She is known for writing "Alexander and the Terrible, Horrible, No Good, Very Bad Day" (1972), which has sold over two million copies.


title: Center-right

paragraphs: Center-right politics are a set of opinions about politics that usually but not always agree with right-wing politics and when it doesn't is still normally more right-wing than people who support left-wing politics are. Right-centrists can be libertarians, Rockefeller Republicans, Red Tories or conservatives who are pro-life but are left-wing on money, though with the last one people described as right-centrists tend to be the other way around.


title: 2011 Stanley Cup Finals

paragraphs: The 2011 Stanley Cup Finals was the 118th edition of the Stanley Cup. It included the western conference team, the Vancouver Canucks and the Eastern conference champion, the Boston Bruins. Boston beat the Canucks in 7 games to win the Stanley cup. This was their 6th Stanley cup win and they have the #4 most Stanley cups in the NHL league. They played 7 games, ending in Vancouver were Boston beat them 4-0.


title: Der Fuehrer's Face

paragraphs: Der Fuehrer's Face, also known as Donald Duck in Nutzi Land, was a popular World War II animated cartoon released in 1943. In the cartoon, Donald Duck has a nightmare that he lives in Germany slaving under the Nazi regime. The "Nutzis" are caricatures of of Benito Mussolini on the bass drum, Herman Göring on the piccolo, Hideki Tojo on the tuba, Heinrich Himmler on the snare drum, and Joseph Goebbels on the trombone.


title: Wolfeboro, New Hampshire

paragraphs: Wolfeboro is a town in Carroll County, New Hampshire, United States. As of the 2010 census, the town had a population of 6,269.


title: Ossipee, New Hampshire

paragraphs: Ossipee is a town in and the county seat of Carroll County, New Hampshire, United States. As of the 2010 census, the town had a population of 4,345.


title: Charlie Hunnam

paragraphs: Charles Matthew Hunnam (born 10 April 1980) is an English actor. He is best known for playing Jackson "Jax" Teller in the FX drama series "Sons of Anarchy" (2008–2014). He has also had roles as Nathan Maloney in the Channel 4 drama "Queer as Folk" (1999–2000) and Lloyd Haythe in the Fox comedy series "Undeclared" (2001–2002). He has appeared in movies such as "Nicholas Nickleby" (2002), "Green Street" (2005), "Pacific Rim" (2013), "The Lost City of Z" (2017), "" (2017) and "The Gentlemen" (2019).

paragraphs: Hunnam was born in Newcastle, Tyne and Wear. He was married to actress Katharine Towne from 1999 to 2002. He has been dating artist Morgana McNelis since 2005.


title: Rochester Hills, Michigan

paragraphs: Rochester Hills is a city in Oakland County, Michigan, United States. As of the 2010 census, the city had a population of 70,995.


title: Willie Wood

paragraphs: William Vernell Wood Sr. (December 23, 1936February 3, 2020) was an American football safety for the Green Bay Packers in the National Football League (NFL). He was a member of the Pro Football Hall of Fame.

paragraphs: Wood died of dementia-related problems on February 3, 2020 at an assisted living facility in Washington, D.C. at the age of 83.


title: Lexington, Missouri

paragraphs: Lexington is a city in Lafayette County, Missouri, United States. The population was 4,726 at the 2010 census. It is the county seat of Lafayette County.


title: Lafayette County, Missouri

paragraphs: Lafayette County is a county located in the western portion of the U.S. state of Missouri and is part of the Kansas City metropolitan area. As of the 2010 census, the population was 33,381. Its county seat is Lexington.


title: Niangua, Missouri

paragraphs: Niangua is a city in Webster County, Missouri, United States. The population was 405 at the 2010 census.


title: Marshfield, Missouri

paragraphs: Marshfield is a city in and the county seat of Webster County, Missouri, United States. As of the 2010 census, the city population was 6,633.


title: Wheatland, Missouri

paragraphs: Wheatland is a city in Hickory County, Missouri, United States. The population was 371 at the 2010 census.


title: Moody Awori

paragraphs: Arthur Moody Awori (born 5 December 1928), known as "Uncle Moody", is a Kenyan politician and writer. He was the ninth Vice President of Kenya from 25 September 2003 to 9 January 2009. Awori was born in Butere.

paragraphs: Awori was first elected as a Member of Parliament representing Funyula Constituency in Busia District in Western Province in 1984. Under President Daniel arap Moi, he was in several positions as assistant minister.


title: Muztagh Tower

paragraphs: Muztagh Tower is a mountain in the Karakoram range, in China and Pakistan. It is part of the Baltoro Muztagh subrange. Muztagh Tower is the 90th highest mountain in the world.

paragraphs: The first people to reach the top were Ian McNaught-Davis, Joe Brown, John Hartog, and Tom Patey, in 1956.


title: Scratching

paragraphs: Scratching, sometimes referred to as scrubbing, is a DJ and turntablist technique of moving a vinyl record back and forth on a turntable to produce percussive or rhythmic sounds. A crossfader on a DJ mixer may be used to fade between two records simultaneously.

paragraphs: While scratching is most associated with hip hop music, where it emerged in the mid-1970s, from the 1990s it has been used in some styles of rap rock, rap metal and nu metal. In hip hop culture, scratching is one of the measures of a DJ's skills. DJs compete in scratching competitions at the DMC World DJ Championship and IDA (International DJ Association, formerly known as ITF (International Turntablist Federation). At scratching competitions, DJs can use only scratch-oriented gear (turntables, DJ mixer, digital vinyl systems or vinyl records only). In recorded hip hop songs, scratched "hooks" often use portions of other songs.

paragraphs: While scratching is becoming more and more popular in pop music, particularly with the crossover success of pop-hip hop tracks in the 2010s, sophisticated scratching and other expert turntablism techniques are still predominantly an underground style developed by the DJ subculture. The Invisibl Skratch Piklz from San Francisco focuses on scratching. In 1994, the group was formed by DJs Q-Bert, Disk & Shortkut and later Mix Master Mike. In July 2000, San Francisco's Yerba Buena Center for the Arts held Skratchcon2000, the first DJ Skratch forum that provided “the education and development of skratch music literacy”. In 2001, Thud Rumble became an independent company that works with DJ artists to produce and distribute scratch records.

paragraphs: In 2004, "Scratch Magazine", one of the first publications about hip hop DJs and record producers, released its debut issue, following in the footsteps of the lesser-known "Tablist" magazine. Pedestrian is a UK arts organisation that runs Urban Music Mentors workshops led by DJs. At these workshops, DJs teach youth how to create beats, use turntables to create mixes, act as an MC at events, and perform club sets.

paragraphs: Scratching has been incorporated into a number of other musical genres, including pop, rock, jazz, some subgenres of heavy metal (notably nu metal) and some contemporary and avant-garde classical music performances. For recording use, samplers are often used instead of physically scratching a vinyl record.

paragraphs: DJ Product©1969, formerly of the rap rock band Hed PE, recalled that the punk rock band the Vandals was the first rock band he remembered seeing use turntable scratching. Product©1969 also recalled the early rap metal band Proper Grounds, which was signed to Madonna's Maverick Records, as being another one of the first rock bands to utilize scratching in their music.

paragraphs: Guitarist Tom Morello, known for his work with Rage Against the Machine and Audioslave, has performed guitar solos that imitate scratching by using the kill switch on his guitar. Perhaps the best-known example is "Bulls on Parade", in which he creates scratch-like rhythmic sounds by rubbing the strings over the pick-ups while using the pickup selector switch as a crossfader.

paragraphs: Since the 1990s, scratching has been used in a variety of popular music genres such as nu metal, exemplified by Linkin Park, Slipknot and Limp Bizkit. It has also been used by artists in pop music (e.g. Nelly Furtado) and alternative rock (e.g. Incubus). Scratching is also popular in various electronic music styles, such as hard-groove techno.


title: Colm Meaney

paragraphs: Colm J. Meaney (; born 30 May 1953) is an Irish actor. He is known for playing Miles O'Brien in "" (1987–1994) and "" (1993–1999). He has appeared in other TV shows including "Law & Order", "The Simpsons" and "Hell on Wheels". His movie credits include "The Barrytown Trilogy" (1991–1996), "Con Air" (1997), "Intermission" (2003), "The Damned United" (2009), "Get Him to the Greek" (2010), "" (2013) and "The Journey" (2016).

paragraphs: Meaney was born in Glasnevin, Dublin. He has been married twice and has two daughters. He lives in Sóller, Mallorca of the Spanish Balearic Islands.


title: The Irish Times

paragraphs: The Irish Times is an Irish daily broadsheet newspaper. It was launched on 29 March 1859. The editor has been Paul O'Neill since 2017, and the deputy editor is Deirdre Veldon. "The Irish Times" is published each day of the week except Sunday.


paragraphs: The search for "The Most Mysterious Song on the Internet" is an ongoing internet phenomenon. It involves various internet users from around the world trying to find out the artist and the title of a new wave song. The song's artist and title have not been found out since its reported broadcast on a German radio station in 1984.

paragraphs: A Rolling Stone article in September 2019 says a person using the false name "Darius S." recorded the song from a radio program called "Musik für junge Leute" ("Music for Young People") he listened to on the German public radio station NDR, probably in 1984.

paragraphs: Darius says he recorded the song on a tape labeled "cassette 4", along with songs from XTC and The Cure that were released in around 1984. Further evidence shows that the Technics tape deck that he used to record the song on was also made in 1984.

paragraphs: In 2007, the sister of Darius S., posting under the false name "Anton," began posting the song on the internet to try to find out the artist and the title of the song. The woman, who identified herself as "Lydia H.", posted part of the song to a German fan website devoted to eighties synth-pop and to spiritofradio.ca, a Canadian website that aims to identify songs uploaded by fans.

paragraphs: The mystery of the unidentified song became very popular in 2019 when a Brazilian teenager named Gabriel da Silva Vieira started to look for evidence of its origin. He uploaded a clip of the song to YouTube, and to several Reddit groups.

paragraphs: On July 9, 2019, YouTuber Justin Whang released an episode of his video series "Tales from the Internet". The episode talks about the progress of the search up to then. When the video was released, more internet users have tried to help to identify the song.

paragraphs: Some of the progress after the video came out was the posting of a complete clip of the song in July 2019 by a Reddit user and communicating with people of interest to the search. This includes people such as Paul Baskerville, the DJ of the show from which the song was likely recorded. He has said he does not remember the song. The Discord community of the search has also found other undocumented and/or obscure media of various genres.


title: Kingship

paragraphs: King, or king regnant, is the title given to a male Monarch in a variety of contexts. The female equivalent is queen regnant, while the title of queen on its own usually refers to the consort of a king. In the context of Prehistory, antiquity and contemporary indigenous peoples, the title may refer to tribal kingship. The state or position of being a king.


title: José Luis Cuerda

paragraphs: José Luis Cuerda Martínez (18 February 1947 – 4 February 2020) was a Spanish movie director, screenwriter and producer. He was born in Albacete, Castile-La Mancha, Spain. His best known works were "Butterfly's Tongue", "Amanece, que no es poco" and "The Blind Sunflowers". He won a Goya Award in 1988.

paragraphs: Cuerda died at his home in Madrid on 4 February 2020 at the age of 72.


title: Terry Hands

paragraphs: Terence David Hands (9 January 1941 – 4 February 2020) was an English theatre director. He founded the Liverpool Everyman Theatre and ran the Royal Shakespeare Company for thirteen years. He also saved Clwyd Theatr Cymru from closure. He was thought to be one of Britain’s most respected theatre directors. He was born in Aldershot, Hampshire.

paragraphs: Hands died on 4 February 2020 at the age of 79.


title: Nadia Lutfi

paragraphs: Nadia Lutfi or Nadia Loutfi (; born Poula Mohamed Mostafa Shafiq (); 3 January 1937 – 4 February 2020) was an Egyptian actress. Her best known roles were "The Night of Counting the Years" and "Saladin the Victorious".

paragraphs: Lutfi died on 4 February 2020 at a hospital in Cairo at the age of 83.


title: Teodor Shanin

paragraphs: Teodor Shanin OBE (30 October 1930 – 4 February 2020) was a Lithuanian-born British-Russian sociologist.

paragraphs: He worked as a Professor of Sociology at the University of Manchester. He was best known for his first book, "The Awkward Class, Political Sociology of Peasantry in a Developing Society, Russia, 1910-25" (Clarendon Press, 1972). He founded the The Open Society Institute, Ford Foundation and the Moscow School for the Social and Economic Sciences in 1995.

paragraphs: Shanin was President of the Moscow School, Professor Emeritus of the University of Manchester, and an Honorary Fellow of the Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences.

paragraphs: In 2002 he was awarded the Order of the British Empire (OBE) for service to education in Russia.


title: Taylor's theorem

paragraphs: Taylor's theorem is a theorem named after Brook Taylor, who first stated it in 1712: It is possible to approximate a function at a given point using polynomials. These polynomials are the result of a Taylor series.


title: Hang

paragraphs: Hang means to hold on to something. It is a verb. (For example, he was hanging from a tree.)


title: Bubble Guppies

paragraphs: Bubble Guppies is a TV show that airs on Nickelodeon and Nick Jr. It first aired on January 24, 2011. It first ended on October 21, 2016. It started airing new episodes again on September 27, 2019.

paragraphs: Bubble Guppies was nominated for “Best Writing” and “Best Casting” in 2017. Bubble Guppies also has won 6 awards and got 13 nominations, making a total of 19 awards.


title: Romanija

paragraphs: Romanija is a mountain, karst plateau, and area in the Republika Srpska. Many towns are in the area, such as Pale, Sokolac, and Han Pijesak. The highest point on the mountain is Veliki Lupoglav (1,652 m).

paragraphs: A football club from the nearby town of Pale, FK Romanija, is named after the mountain.


title: Cherokee Nation v. Georgia

paragraphs: In 1831 the Cherokee took the state of Georgia to the Supreme Court, to resist the Indian Removal Act. When they took Georgia to the Supreme Court they actually won a favorable decision in their end, but President Andrew Jackson refused to enforce and ignored it. This ruling is known as Cherokee Nation v. Georgia today.


title: Ritual purification

paragraphs: Ritual purification is the ritual prescribed by a religion by which a person is considered to be free of "uncleanliness". Many religgions require that those worshipping should be in this state.Ritual purity is a state of ritual cleanliness. Ritual purification may also apply to objects and places. Ritual uncleanliness is not identical with ordinary physical impurity, such as dirt stains; nevertheless, body fluids are generally considered ritually unclean.

paragraphs: Most of these rituals existed long before the germ theory of disease, and figure prominently from the earliest known religious systems of the Ancient Near East. Some writers connect the rituals to taboos.

paragraphs: Some have seen benefits of these practices for health and preventing infections especially in areas where humans come in close contact with each other. While these practices came before the idea of the germ theory was public in areas that use daily cleaning, the destruction of infectious agents seems to be dramatic. Others have described a 'dimension of purity' that is universal in religions that seeks to move us away from disgust, (at one extreme) and to uplift us towards purity and divinity (at the other extreme). Away from uncleanliness to purity, and away from deviant to moral behavior, (within one's cultural context).


title: Monolatry

paragraphs: Monolatry (Greek: μόνος ["monos"] = single, and λατρεία ["latreia"] = worship) is belief that many gods exist, but that only one of them is worshipped. The term "monolatry" was perhaps first used by Julius Wellhausen.

paragraphs: Monolatry is different from monotheism, which asserts there is only one god, and henotheism, a religious system in which the believer worships one god without denying that others may worship different gods with equal validity.


title: Hang (instrument)

paragraphs: The Hang (; plural form: Hanghang) is a musical instrument. It is in the idiophone class. It was created by Felix Rohner and Sabina Schärer in Bern, Switzerland. The Hang is sometimes called "hang drum", but the people who made the hang think that this is wrong and that people should not call it that.


title: Mendenhall Springs, California

paragraphs: Mendenhall Springs is an unincorporated community in Alameda County, California. It is 554 m above sea level, and lies 14 km southeast of Livermore.


title: Deaths in March 2020

paragraphs: The following is a list of deaths that should be noted in March 2020. For deaths that should be noted before the month that the world is in, please see "Months". Individuals listed must have . Names under each date are noted in the order of the alphabet by last name or pseudonym. Deaths of non-humans are noted here also if it is worth noting.

paragraphs: Each listing of a death must have a source. If no reference is included, the death notice will be removed. The following are the requirements of adding a name to the list in its order: name, age, where they came from, what the person is known for, cause of death (if known) and a source.


title: Kino

paragraphs: Kino (, ) was a Soviet rock band formed in Leningrad in 1982.

paragraphs: The band was co-founded and headed by Viktor Tsoi, who wrote the music and lyrics for almost all of the band's songs. Kino released over 90 songs, several studio albums, and a few live albums. Their music was widely recorded illegally. After the Soviet Union became more open, Kino became popular around the world. In 1989, they had a small concert in New York City. They also became very popular in Russia. Their album "Gruppa Krovi" was called one of the best works of Russian music. Viktor Tsoi died in a car accident in 1990. After releasing an album of the songs they were working on before Tsoi's death, Kino broke up. In 2012, on Tsoi's fiftieth birthday, the band reunited to record a song called 'Ataman'. This song would have been in their last album, but the only recording of it that they had was bad.


title: Viktor Tsoi

paragraphs: Viktor Robertovich Tsoi (; 21 June 1962 – 15 August 1990) was a Soviet singer and songwriter. He co-founded Kino, one of the most popular bands in Russia at its time.

paragraphs: Tsoi was born and raised in Leningrad. He started writing songs when he was a teenager. He made lots of music - ten albums in total. After Kino was in the 1987 Soviet film "Assa", it became very popular. This lead to Tsoi having a leading role in the Kazakh new wave art film "The Needle".

paragraphs: In 1990, after their large concert at the Luzhniki Stadium. Tsoi moved to Latvia with another member of Kino, Yuri Kasparyan to work on Kino's next album. Two months after the concert in the Luzhniki Stadium, Tsoi died in a car crash.. Tsoi and his music are still widely popular.


title: Rowlatt Act

paragraphs: The Anarchical and Revolutionary Crimes of 1919 (popularly known as the Rowlatt Act) was a law passed in 1919 by British India. Under this law, the government got many powers, including the ability to arrest people and keep them in prisons without a trial. They also obtained the power to stop newspapers from reporting and printing news. The people called this act the Black Act. Indians protested against this law in many places. Fortunately this act was stopped by a Indian person called Mahatma Gandhi.


title: Frank H. T. Rhodes

paragraphs: Frank Harold Trevor Rhodes (October 29, 1926 – February 3, 2020) was a British-American academic. He was the ninth president of Cornell University from 1977 to 1995. Rhodes was born in Warwickshire, England. Rhodes taught geology at the University of Durham between 1951 and 1954.

paragraphs: He was appointed as a member of the National Science Board under President Ronald Reagan, and as a member of the President's Educational Policy Advisory Committee by President George H.W. Bush. Between 1984 and 2002 Rhodes was on the Board of Directors of General Electric.

paragraphs: Rhodes died on February 3, 2020 in Bonita Springs, Florida at the age of 93.


title: Chief Mouser to the Cabinet Office

paragraphs: The Chief Mouser to the Cabinet Office is the official cat of the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. The cat works at 10 Downing Street. Only three cats, Humphrey, Sybil and Larry, have been given the title officially. Other cats have been given this title as a nickname, usually by the British press. There has been a Downing Street cat mouser and pet since the reign of Henry VIII.

paragraphs: Official records about these working cats only date back to 3 June 1929. These come from the Treasury and state the cost for taking care of the cat. Now, the mouser costs 100 GBP (about $140) a year for keep.

paragraphs: The cats do not always belong to the Prime Minister in residence. Only rarely do they serve for exactly the same time as a Prime Minister.The cat with the longest known time at Downing Street is Wilberforce. He served for eighteen years under Edward Heath, Harold Wilson, Jim Callaghan, and Margaret Thatcher.

paragraphs: The incumbent is Larry, since 15 February 2011. The last cat Sybil, was the first mouser after a ten-year gap. She began in September 2007 and left in January 2009. Sybil was owned by the Chancellor of the Exchequer Alistair Darling, who lived in 10 Downing Street. The Prime Minister, Gordon Brown, lived in the larger 11 Downing Street. It was reported that Sybil did not like living in London. She went back to Scotland to live with a friend of the Darlings until she died.

paragraphs: In January 2011, rats were seen in Downing Street, "scurrying across the steps of Number 10 Downing Street for the second time during a TV news report,", as reported by Independent Television News . The Prime Minister's office first said there were "no plans" for a cat to be brought in. On 14 February 2011, it was reported that a cat named "Larry" had been brought in to get rid of the rodents. The "London Evening Standard" reported that the brown and white tabby cat had been chosen by David Cameron and his family, from those at Battersea Dogs & Cats Home.

paragraphs: In September 2012, it was reported that Prime Minister David Cameron had dismissed Larry from the post of Chief Mouser. He put in place Chancellor George Osborne's tabby cat, Freya, as the new Chief Mouser to patrol Numbers 10, 11, and 12. Some sources said the two cats would be "job sharing" to avoid any hurt feelings. In November 2014 Freya was exiled from Downing Street, again leaving Larry as the Chief Mouser.

paragraphs: When Theresa May became new Prime Minister in July 2016, Cabinet Office staff said that Larry would still live at Downing Street and would be Chief Mouser under the new Prime Minister. However, "The Daily Telegraph" says maybe Cameron does not really like Larry. During David Cameron's final Prime Minister's Questions on 13 July 2016, the Prime Minister said to the House that Larry's role as Chief Mouser was secure even after the change of premier. Cameron also showed photos that prove he loves Larry. He spoke of his "sadness" that he cannot take Larry with him.

paragraphs: The British government voluntarily employees and feeds 100,000 cats to keep down mice on government property. By being chosen Chief Mouser, of course, Larry (and Freya) became quite pampered cats, living in royal luxury.

paragraphs: Larry's birthday was celebrated on 15 February 2016. A month later Larry's importance to the UK was compared favourably to a team of dolphins being trained by the Russian Navy. In April Larry's ability to be a good mouser was again questioned. So a new neighbour, Palmerston the cat, moved into the Foreign Office. Just a week later Palmerston made his first kill, a mouse.

paragraphs: During President Obama's April visit to the UK, Larry got much coverage in American social media and news reports.

paragraphs: In June 2016 it was reported that Larry is undecided about the Brexit decision. Whether he gets to keep living at 10 Downing Street, he will still get his daily dinner.


title: Civil law (common law)

paragraphs: Civil law is a branch of the law in common law countries. The other branch of common law is criminal law. Civil law is concerned with the duties individuals owe to other people or to their government. This excludes the duty not to commit crimes. The American form of civil justice is considerably different from European systems. Two features stand out, class actions and the awarding of punitive damages in tort cases. Many people in other countries are amazed at the number of civil cases in the United States. Americans sue in a wide variety of cases for compensation and medical expenses that are covered in other countries by national health insurance and government compensation programs.

paragraphs: Civil law is concerned with cases such as divorce, child custody and support and related lawsuits. Contract cases, tort cases (when someone is hurt and seeks compensation) and crimes which are tried in a criminal court and then tried in a civil case. Examples would be cases resulting from drunk driving or hit and run.

paragraphs: Civil cases use a lower preponderance of the evidence standard of proof whereas criminal cases use the higher standard of beyond a reasonable doubt. An example of the differences and that the same crime can result in both criminal and civil trials is the O. J. Simpson trials. In his criminal trial a jury decided the evidence did not meet the higher standard so he was acquitted of murder charges. But in the civil wrongful death trial he was found guilty.

paragraphs: The right to a jury trial in civil cases is found in the United States but in very few other places. England, Canada, Australia and New Zealand have all but done away with civil jury trials in favor of bench trials. Fewer than 1 percent of civil trials in the US are jury trials. Where juries are used, the presence of a jury has changed the form of civil proceedings. A jury has to be impaneled, they must hear witnesses and go over evidence before reaching a verdict. The verdict, in turn, must follow the instructions given by a judge.

paragraphs: Bench trials in civil cases are usually conducted differently than jury trials. Judges usually prefer settlements to trials and prefer bench trials because they save time. A judge can streamline a case by asking for what he wants to see and hear, not what is presented for the benefit of a jury.

paragraphs: Bench trials have several advantages. They are usually much less formal than a jury trial. Attorneys for both sides can usually agree on the facts of a case before the trial starts. This can save a great deal of time otherwise spent on hearing witnesses and reviewing evidence. This can save on the costs of a trial. In a jury trial, the judge is required to give instructions to the jury before they deliberate. If a judge makes an error in his instructions, this is called a reversible error and can be used as a basis for an appeal. In a bench trial, the judge gives no instructions since there is no jury. This means the judge cannot be reversed due to an error in the instructions.


title: CBGB

paragraphs: CBGB was a New York City music nightclub. The letters "CBGB" stand for "country, bluegrass, blues". The club was opened in 1973 by Hilly Kristal. CBGB, soon afterward, became a place where new wave and punk rock bands played. These included Patti Smith Group, Blondie and Talking Heads. From the early 1980s onward, CBGB was known for hardcore punk.

paragraphs: One store next to CBGB became the "CBGB Record Canteen", a record shop and café. In the late 1980s, CBGB Record Canteen was changed into an art gallery and second performance space. The name was "CB's 313 Gallery." CB's Gallery was played by artists of milder sounds, such as acoustic rock, folk, jazz or experimental music. On the other side, CBGB had a small cafe and bar in the mid 1990s. The cafe served classic New York pizza.

paragraphs: In October 2006, the original CBGB closed after its final concert. The concert was by Patti Smith. CBGB Radio started on the iHeartRadio platform in 2010. In 2013, its previous building, 315 Bowery, was added to the National Register of Historic Places as part of the Bowery Historic District.


title: 2015–16 UEFA Champions League – Group stage

paragraphs: The 2015–16 UEFA Champions League group stage began on 15 September and ended on 9 December 2015. A total of 32 teams competed in group stage to decide the 16 places in the knockout phase of the 2015–16 UEFA Champions League.


title: Wilberforce (cat)

paragraphs: Wilberforce was a cat who lived and worked at 10 Downing Street, the home of the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. He lived there between October 1989 and 13 November 1997. His title was "Chief Mouser to the Cabinet Office".

paragraphs: He served under four British Prime Ministers: Edward Heath, Harold Wilson, Jim Callaghan, and Margaret Thatcher. His chief job was to catch mice. While he was alive, he was said to be "the best mouser in Britain" as fit his role.

paragraphs: He retired on 3 April 1987, and was succeeded by Humphrey who was born in 1988, the year Wilberforce died.

paragraphs: Wilberforce was just a kitten when he was adopted from a London branch of the RSPCA in 1973. This was while Edward Heath was Prime Minister. He was appointed the Office Manager's cat, with a living allowance for his care. The black-and-white cat turned out to be a terrific mouser. The policeman on security duty at the front door of Number 10 had to ring the bell for Wilberforce whenever he wanted to come in.

paragraphs: According to Bernard Ingham, the former press secretary to Margaret Thatcher, Wilberforce was a normal cat for whom Thatcher once bought "a tin of sardines in a Moscow supermarket". Ingham was allergic to cats and did his best to avoid Wilberforce. "Bloody Wilberforce used to sit under my desk and I would have a fit of sneezing. I hate cats", he said.

paragraphs: On the BBC coverage of the 1983 UK general election, presenter Esther Rantzen was allowed to hold Wilberforce and introduce him to viewers.

paragraphs: Wilberforce retired in 1986, after 13 years of loyal service. He went to live with a retired caretaker from No. 10 in the country. He died in his sleep on 19 May 1988.


title: Delegate

paragraphs: A delegate someone who is either chosen or elected to vote or act for others. In organizations like the United Nations, each country sends delegates to represent them.

paragraphs: Before a general election in the US, the process to select candidates begins with delegates. At the state level each of the major political parties selects delegates to attend a national convention. The two ways delegates are selected are the caucus and the Primary election. Each state may have different ways to select delegates as do political parties. The Republican Party lets each state decide how to select delegates. The Democratic Party uses a proportional method for awarding delegates. The percentage of delegates each candidate is awarded depends on the caucus or how many are elected for each candidate. Candidate "X" may have 40 percent, candidate "Y" may have 20 percent while candidate "Z" may have 50 percent. Any remaining percent may be undecided votes or for other candidates.

paragraphs: A candidate becomes his or her party's presidential nominee after the delegates sent to the convention give that person a majority of the votes. Because there are often multiple rounds of votes taken to select a presidential candidate, delegates sometimes change their votes. But in recent elections that has become unnecessary. Since 1976, it was fairly clear who was the front-runner even before the first vote was taken.


title: Glenwood, Illinois

paragraphs: Glenwood is a village in northeastern Illinois, near Chicago. At the 2010 Census, about 8,969 people were living there.


title: Pareidolia

paragraphs: Pareidolia ) is a word from Ancient Greek to describe the phenomenon, that the human mind often perceives familiar patterns in a stimulus, even when they are not there.

paragraphs: Common examples are perceived images of animals, faces, or objects in cloud formations, the "man in the moon", the "moon rabbit", and hidden messages within recorded music played in reverse or at higher- or lower-than-normal speeds.

paragraphs: Pareidolia is a special case of clustering illusion.


title: Gillette, Wyoming

paragraphs: Gillette is a city in the U.S. state of Wyoming. It is the county seat of Campbell County.


title: Charles Caldwell Ryrie

paragraphs: Charles Caldwell Ryrie (March 2, 1925 – February 16, 2016) was an American writer and Christian theologian. He served as professor of systematic theology and dean of doctoral studies at Dallas Theological Seminary. He also served as president and professor at what is now Cairn University.

paragraphs: Ryrie was born in St. Louis, Missouri. He was raised in Alton, Illinois. Ryrie studied at Haverford College and at University of Edinburgh.

paragraphs: He was the editor of "The Ryrie Study Bible" by Moody Publishers. It contains more than 10,000 of Ryrie's explanatory notes. First published in 1978, it has sold more than 2 million copies. He was a notable advocate of classic premillennial dispensationalism.

paragraphs: Ryrie died in Dallas, Texas on February 16, 2016 from pneumonia. He was aged 90.


title: Abdul Rashid Khan

paragraphs: Abdul Rashid Khan (19 August 1908 – 18 February 2016) was an Indian singer of Hindustani music. He performed khayal, dhrupad, dhamar and thumri.

paragraphs: Khan made several musical compositions. He was also a productive writer and poet. For his writing, he used the name Rasan Piya. He trained many students in his lifetime and became regarded as a "guru" at the ITC Sangeet Research Academy in Kolkata.

paragraphs: Khan died in 18 February 2016 from multiple organ failure. He was aged 107.


title: Alexander Gutman

paragraphs: Alexander Ilyich Gutman (; January 29, 1945 – February 17, 2016) was a Russian movie director of Jewish origin. His career began in 1986. Gutman made over 50 documentary movies, 13 of them as director. He won awards at several Russian and international movie festivals. His most famous movie is "Journey Back to Youth".

paragraphs: Gutman was born in St. Petersburg. He graduated from the Leningrad Polytechnical Institute (now known as St. Petersburg State Polytechnic University) (1968) and VGIK (1978). Gutman died in Moscow on February 17, 2016 from heart failure. He was aged 71.


title: Axillary nerve

paragraphs: The axillary nerve is a nerve in the armpit. It comes from the brachial plexus. It has nerve fibers from the C5 and C6 nerve roots. The axillary nerve goes through the quadrangular space. It is sometimes called the circumflex nerve.

paragraphs: The axillary nerve sends and receives signals from three muscles in the arm: deltoid (a muscle of the shoulder), teres minor (one of the rotator cuff muscles) and the long head of the triceps brachii.

paragraphs: The axillary nerve sends signals to two muscles in the forearm, and to muscles in the hand. The axillary nerve also sends signals to the brain from the shoulder joint, and from the skin.

paragraphs: The axillary nerve can get injured from shoulder dislocation, squashing the armpit using a crutch or a broken arm. Injury to the nerve results in:


title: Triceps brachii muscle

paragraphs: The triceps brachii muscle is a muscle on the back of the upper arm. There are three parts that each come from different places at the top of the arm and join together at the elbow. It straightens the arm. The name is Latin for "three-headed muscle in the arm".

paragraphs: The triceps brachii has three heads. They are: the long head, medial (inside) head, and the lateral (outside) head.The long head comes from the shoulderblade. It goes down the arm between teres minor muscle and teres major muscle.

paragraphs: The medial head and lateral heads comes from the humerus (upper arm bone).

paragraphs: The medial head is mostly made of small, slow muscle fibers and motor units. The lateral head is mostly made of large, fast fibers and motor units. The long head is made of a mixture of fiber types and motor units. Some scientists think that each of the three parts can be thought of as separate muscles.

paragraphs: The fibers join to a single tendon to attach to the ulna bone. Some research found that there might be more than one tendon.

paragraphs: Scientists used to think that all three heads of the triceps brachii got nerve signals from the radial nerve. However, a study found that, in 20 cadaveric (dead) bodies and 15 live people, the long head actually got nerve signals from part of the axillary nerve in every case.

paragraphs: The triceps straightens the elbow pulls against the biceps and brachialis muscles. It can also hold the elbow in place when the forearm and hand are used for small movements, like writing.The long head might be used when the same force is needed for a long time, or to help control shoulder and elbow movement. The lateral head is used when a lot of force is needed at once, while the medial part is used for more careful movement.

paragraphs: The long head also moves shoulder joint, bringing the arm backwards or inwards.

paragraphs: The triceps can be trained by itself or together with other muscles by straightening the elbow or keeping it straight while holding something.

paragraphs: The name triceps brachii is Latin for three-headed. It is called this because there are three parts of the muscle. The triceps brachii is commonly just called the triceps.

paragraphs: The plural of "triceps" used to be "tricipites", but now people usually say "triceps" to mean both singular and plural.

paragraphs: In horses, the long head is about 84% of the weight of the triceps, the lateral head is about 15%, and the medial head is about 3%.

paragraphs: Many mammals, like dogs, cows, and pigs, have a fourth triceps head, called the accessory head. It is between the lateral and medial heads.


title: A Touch of Class (band)

paragraphs: A Touch of Class (also known as ATC) was a pop group based in Germany. It had four members. They each came from different countries— Joseph "Joey" Murray from New Zealand, Livio Salvi from Italy, Sarah Egglestone from Australia and Tracey Packham from the United Kingdom. The group was active from 1998 to 2003.

paragraphs: They were most popular after the release of their first single, "Around The World (La La La La La)", in 2000. This song was an English version of the song "Pesenka" by Ruki Vverh! It was first released on 9 May 2000. It charted at #1 in Germany for six weeks. It was later a Top 40 hit in the United Kingdom and United States. The song was in a television commercial for General Electric in early 2002. Similar-sounding songs were successful in parts of Europe, but A Touch of Class are mainly remembered for this first hit.

paragraphs: Their first album was "Planet Pop". It was released on 6 February 2001 by Sony BMG Music Entertainment and Republic Records. Their second album was "Touch The Sky". It was not very successful. The group broke up in mid-2003.


title: Civil War Journal

paragraphs: Civil War Journal is an American television series on The History Channel. It was shown from 1993 to 1998. There was only one season.


title: Roaring Spring, Pennsylvania

paragraphs: Roaring Spring is a borough in Blair County, Pennsylvania, United States. It had 2,585 people living there at the 2010 census. It is part of the Altoona Metropolitan Statistical Area.


title: Roaring Spring, Kentucky

paragraphs: Roaring Spring is an unincorporated community in Trigg County, Kentucky, United States.

paragraphs: A post office called Roaring Spring was established in 1849, and operated until 1909. It is named after a nearby cave spring which produced a roar.


Roaring Spring


title: Tensor

paragraphs: A tensor is a mathematical object. Tensors provide a mathematical framework for solving physics problems in areas such as elasticity, fluid mechanics and general relativity. The word "tensor" comes from the Latin word "tendere" meaning "to stretch".

paragraphs: A tensor of order zero (zeroth-order tensor) is a scalar (simple number). A tensor of order one (first-order tensor) is a linear map that maps every vector into a scalar. A vector is a tensor of order one. A tensor of order two (second-order tensor) is a linear map that maps every vector into a vector (e.g. a matrix).

paragraphs: In linear algebra, the tensor product of two vector spaces formula_1 and formula_2, formula_3, is itself a vector space. It is a way of creating a new vector space analogous of multiplication of integers.


title: La Paz, Honduras

paragraphs: La Paz () is the capital of the La Paz Department of Honduras. It has a population of 46,264 (2015 est.).


title: Kenton County, Kentucky

paragraphs: Kenton County is a county in Kentucky. Its county seats are Covington and Independence.

paragraphs: Kenton County is included in the Cincinnati-Middletown, OH-KY-IN Metropolitan Statistical Area.


title: Trigg County, Kentucky

paragraphs: Trigg County is a county in Kentucky. As of the 2010 census, the population was 14,339. Its county seat is Cadiz.


title: Harlan County, Kentucky

paragraphs: Harlan County is a county in Kentucky. As of the 2010 census, the population was 29,278. Its county seat is Harlan.


title: BBC Choice

paragraphs: BBC Choice was a television channel owned by the British Broadcasting Corporation. It was replaced in 2003 by BBC Three.


title: System of Rice Intensification

paragraphs: The System of Rice Intensification (SRI) is a way to grow rice. This plan for farming may grow more rice in the same field. It uses less water, takes more work, and uses younger seedlings spaced apart. SRI calls for hand weeding with special tools. It was started in 1983 by the French Jesuit Father Henri de Laulanié in Madagascar. Full testing and spread of the system throughout the rice growing parts of the world did not happen until some years later with the help of schools like Cornell University.

paragraphs: Writing the plan now called SRI started in the 1960s when Fr. de Laulanie kept notes on growing rice. The SRI plan includes using less water and hand planting very young seedlings in a square. The SRI plan continues to change. Sometimes people try to use only rain for water, and sometimes people try to plant seeds instead of young plants. The main parts of SRI plan written by Cornell University, New York are:

paragraphs: Thanks to Norman Uphoff, the SRI plan has spread from Madagascar to many places around the world. Norman Uphoff was director of the Cornell International Institute for Food, Agriculture and Development at Cornell University, Ithaca, New York from 1990 to 2005. In 1993, Uphoff met officers from Association Tefy Saina, the non-governmental organisation set up in Madagascar in 1990 by de Laulanie to try SRI. After trying the SRI plan for three years, Malagasy farms that made about 2 tons/hectare improved to about 8 tons/hectare. Uphoff believed the SRI plan works, and in 1997 started to tell groups in Asia about SRI. Uphoff estimates that by 2013 the number of small farms using SRI had grown to between 4 and 5 million.

paragraphs: Believers and unbelievers of SRI talk about the SRI claims, and many questions about it remain unresolved. Wageningen University has also published an article discussing the problems of measuring SRI. This paper ended by saying: "Although the technical aspects of SRI have been contested, it clearly exists as a real social phenomenon".

paragraphs: The question now seems to be: is SRI better at making more rice and other benefits to rice farmers, such as healthier soils, when compared with older, trusted ways for growing rice?[source?]

paragraphs: Proponents and critics of SRI debate the claimed benefits and many questions about it remain unresolved. Wageningen University has also published an article discussing the challenges of evaluating SRI in which one concluding sentence read: "Although the technical aspects of SRI have been contested, it clearly exists as a real social phenomenon".

paragraphs: The question at hand seems to be: is SRI better at delivering increased yield and other benefits to rice farmers, such as healthier soils, when compared with established recommended best management practices for rice production?

paragraphs: Believers of SRI claim it grows more rice, saves water, reduces costs, and raises income and that benefits have been achieved in 40 countries. Uphoff published an article in the International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability that states that SRI "can raise irrigated rice yields to about double the present world average without relying on external inputs, also offering environmental and equity benefits".

paragraphs: A special issue on SRI in the trade journal Paddy and Water Environment (not related to schools) collected recent findings in support of SRI.

paragraphs: In 2011 Five farmers beat the old yield record, the best was a young farmer named Sumant Kumar setting a new world record in rice yield of 22.4 tons per hectare using SRI, beating the existing world record held by the Chinese scientist Yuan Longping by 3 tons. In 2014 S Sethumadhavan from Alanganallur, India grew a record yield of nearly 24 tons of paddy rice per hectare using SRI.

paragraphs: How well SRI works is still debated between believers and unbelievers of the plan. Critics of SRI say that claims of high yield in SRI are due to unscientific reporting. They object that there is a lack of details on the methodology used in trials and a lack of printed reports in the peer-reviewed literature (related to schools and universities). Some unbelievers have suggested that SRI success is unique to soil conditions in Madagascar. While unbelievers still claim this, there are over 700 articles and printed reports about SRI that are published in international scientific journals as of January 2016.

paragraphs: Below is a picture gallery of SRI farming in Chhattisgarh, India:


title: Toulouse School of Economics

paragraphs: Toulouse School of Economics (TSE) is a school for the study of economics. The school is in Toulouse, France. It is one of the most famous research and teaching centers of economics in the world. It was created in 2006.

paragraphs: TSE is specialist in the fields of economics. Its President is Jean Tirole, who won the Nobel Prize in Economics in 2014.


title: Jasmine Tookes

paragraphs: Jasmine Tookes (born February 1, 1991) is an American model.

paragraphs: Tookes was born and raised in Huntington Beach, California. She did gymnastics for ten years and was active in volleyball and softball before she became a model at about the age of 15. Her mother is a celebrity fashion stylist. Tookes was discovered at one of her mother's showroom appointments.

paragraphs: Tookes is of mixed ancestry. African, West Indian and her maternal grandmother is Caucasian. She is in a relationship with fellow Calvin Klein model Tobias Sorensen.

paragraphs: Tookes' first commercial ad campaigns were in 2010 for ugg boots and Gap. Before breaking out on the international scene, she booked a Spring 2011 DKNY campaign and a layout in "Vogue Italia".

paragraphs: In 2015, she became a Victoria's Secret Angel.


title: Paavo Nurmi

paragraphs: Paavo Johannes Nurmi (13 June 1897 – 2 October 1973) was a Finnish middle- and long-distance runner. He was born in Turku. Nurmi set 22 official world records at distances between 1500 metres and 20 kilometres. He participated in the Olympic Games twelve times where he won nine gold and three silver medals.


title: Co-dependency

paragraphs: Co-dependency is a term from psychiatry. In certain cases, people knowing an addict can increase the addiction through their actions. As an example, take a person who is an alcoholic. Because of alcoholism, that person is not as productive as his colleagues at work. Colleagues at work may work more and compensate for the work the alcoholic has not done. A similar case can be made for family members who help finance a dependency.


title: Hardin, Ohio

paragraphs: Hardin is an unincorporated community in Shelby County, Ohio.

paragraphs: Hardin was platted in 1816. The community was named for John Hardin (1753–1792), a Continental Army officer in the American Revolutionary War. Hardin was the county seat from 1819 until 1820. A post office called Hardin was established in 1820, and discontinued in 1909.


title: Jeffersonville

paragraphs: Jeffersonville is the name of several places in the United States:


title: Jefferson County

paragraphs: Jefferson County is the name of 26 counties and one parish in the United States:


title: Ravensbrück concentration camp

paragraphs: Ravensbrück concentration camp (pronounced "RAW-vins-brook") was a concentration camp for women, run by Nazi Germany during World War II. It was in northern Germany, near the town of Ravensbrück.

paragraphs: The "Schutzstaffel" (SS), led by Heinrich Himmler, ran Ravensbrück concentration camp.

paragraphs: In November 1938, Himmler gave the order to start building the camp at Ravensbrück. By 1939, Ravensbrück was the biggest women's concentration camp in Nazi Germany.

paragraphs: Over time, the Nazis made Ravensbrück much bigger. By 1944, Ravensbrück had become a complex (a group of many concentration camps).

paragraphs: Between 1939 and 1945, about 153,000 people were prisoners at Ravensbrück.

paragraphs: After Heinrich Himmler decided that Ravensbrück should be built, the SS brought about 500 male prisoners from Sachsenhausen concentration camp to the area. The SS forced these prisoners to build Ravensbrück. SS records say that Ravensbruck was designed to hold 3,000 prisoners.

paragraphs: Ravensbrück opened in May 1939. The camp's first prisoners were a group of about 900 women sent from Lichtenburg concentration camp. Ravensbrück very quickly became full. From 1939 to 1945, the Nazis were constantly making the camp bigger to hold more and more prisoners.

paragraphs: After Nazi Germany invaded Poland in September 1939, the Nazis made Ravensbrück much larger. They expected to send many Polish people to concentration camps, and they wanted Ravensbrück to be able to fit more prisoners. However, by May 1940 (just eight months after World War II started), Ravensbrück was full of prisoners.

paragraphs: When Nazi Germany invaded the Soviet Union in summer 1941, there were about 5,000 prisoners at Ravensbrück. By the end of 1942, the camp held 10,000 prisoners (including many Soviet prisoners of war).

paragraphs: At its most crowded, the women's camp held 50,000 prisoners.

paragraphs: To make room for more and more prisoners, the Nazis added new camps to the original women's camp.

paragraphs: In April 1941, the Nazis added a concentration camp for men next to the women's camp. The SS forced the male prisoners to build the new camps in the Ravensbrück complex, and to work on making the women's camp bigger.

paragraphs: In June 1942, a "juvenile protective custody camp" called "Uckermark" was built next to the men's camp. This was a camp just for teenage girls and young women.

paragraphs: By 1944, the SS had forced prisoners to build over 40 smaller camps (called sub-camps). These sub-camps held over 70,000 prisoners, mostly women. The original Ravensbrück camp became the office for these sub-camps. However, women prisoners were still kept there, and male prisoners had to keep making the camp bigger to fit more prisoners.

paragraphs: Of the 153,000 people who were prisoners at Ravensbrück between 1939 and 1945:

paragraphs: People were sent to Ravensbrück for many different reasons. Prisoners at Ravensbrück included:

paragraphs: The Nazis sent people from over 30 countries to Ravensbrück. For example, historians estimate that:

paragraphs: Male SS members were in charge of Ravensbrück. However, the camp had over 150 female SS members who guarded the prisoners.

paragraphs: Ravensbrück was also a training camp for SS women. They learned how to be concentration camp guards at Ravensbrück. Then they would stay and work there, or go work at another camp. Over 4,000 SS women trained at Ravensbrück.

paragraphs: Many of the female SS guards at Ravensbrück, like Irma Grese, treated the prisoners very badly.

paragraphs: When prisoners first got to Ravensbrück, their hair was usually shaved off. The SS took away their personal things, including their clothes. Prisoners had to wear striped uniforms, which included a dress and a head scarf. Later on in the war, when there were not enough uniforms, women were sometimes allowed to wear their own clothes. However, they had to mark a big white "X" on the back of their clothes to show that they were prisoners.

paragraphs: Every prisoner was given a serial number. The SS never called them by their names - only by their numbers.

paragraphs: Prisoners had to sew their serial numbers onto their clothes. They also had to wear colored triangles which showed why they were sent to Ravensbrück. In the middle of the triangle, they had to sew a letter saying what country they were from. For example, Polish prisoners had to sew a red triangle with the letter "P" (for Poland) onto their clothes. (A red triangle showed that a person was a political enemy of Nazi Germany.)

paragraphs: When Ravensbrück first opened, and the camp was not too crowded, living conditions were not too bad. However, during the winter of 1939 to 1940, the camp got more crowded, and the SS reacted by giving the prisoners less food. After 1941, the food got much worse, and prisoners got much less of it.

paragraphs: The women's camp at Ravensbrück had twelve barracks where the prisoners lived. They slept on wooden bunks which had three rows, one on top of the other. Each barrack had a washroom and three toilets with no doors. There was very little sanitation. After 1943, sanitation in the barracks got much worse. This made it easier for diseases to spread.

paragraphs: Towards the end of World War II, the camp was so crowded that 1,500 to 2,000 women were packed into barracks meant to hold only 250 people. Many women had to sleep on the floor, without even a blanket. In 1945, the barracks were so crowded and sanitation was so bad that an epidemic of typhus spread through the camp. The disease killed many prisoners.

paragraphs: Every morning, the prisoners had to get up at 4:00 in the morning for roll call. This meant they had to stand in line while the SS counted them.

paragraphs: After roll call, prisoners went to work. Every prisoner at Ravensbrück was forced to work. If a person could not work, they would be killed.

paragraphs: Many prisoners worked at a Siemens Electric Company factory next to the women's camp. The prisoners worked as slaves, making parts for Nazi V-1 and V-2 rockets (flying bombs). Other prisoners worked at important German companies like Daimler-Benz (now Mercedes-Benz) and AEG (a German electrical company).

paragraphs: Some prisoners in the women's camp did other jobs, like:

paragraphs: Some women had to work outside. They built roads and buildings. Sometimes these women were used like animals. For example, sometimes twelve to fourteen women would have to pull a huge roller to pave the streets.

paragraphs: Women who were too sick or injured to do other jobs - usually because of medical experiments - knitted things like socks for the German Army, or cleaned the barracks and latrines.

paragraphs: Prisoners usually worked for twelve hours a day. Some worked from 7:00 in the morning to 7:00 at night. Others worked from 7:00 at night to 7:00 in the morning.

paragraphs: Prisoners did not have to work on Sundays.

paragraphs: Starting in 1942, Nazi doctors did medical experiments on 86 women prisoners. The doctors did two types of experiments.

paragraphs: In the first type, the doctors cut the women's legs, muscles, and nerves, or broke their leg bones. Then they infected these wounds with bacteria. Sometimes they rubbed wood or glass into the wounds. Then they gave the women sulfanilamide antibiotics to see if they would work.

paragraphs: In the second type of experiment, the doctors studied whether bones could be taken from one person and put into another person. They amputated some women's arms or legs to do these experiments.

paragraphs: In January 1945, Nazi doctors sterilized about 120 to 140 Roma women and children. The doctors were trying to find a quick, easy way to sterilize people.

paragraphs: Some women died from these experiments. The SS killed some other women who had wounds that did not heal.

paragraphs: Some of the women and young children at Ravensbrück were raped or sexually abused.

paragraphs: Starting in 1942, the SS created brothels in eight other concentration camps, like Buchenwald and Dachau. Women from Ravensbrück were forced to work as prostitutes in these brothels.

paragraphs: Nobody agrees on how many people died or were murdered at Ravensbrück. Estimates range from 52,200, to 90,000, to 117,000.

paragraphs: Prisoners at Ravensbrück died for many reasons. These included:

paragraphs: Many prisoners were also murdered by the SS.

paragraphs: Unlike many other concentration camps, Ravensbrück did not have its own gas chamber until early 1945. The SS used other ways of killing prisoners.

paragraphs: Regularly, the SS would perform "selections." They would pick out prisoners who looked too sick or weak to work. Then they would kill these prisoners.

paragraphs: At first, the SS killed prisoners by shooting them or giving them lethal injections in the camp's "hospital." Then, starting in 1942, they began sending prisoners to other places that did have gas chambers, like Hartheim Euthanasia Centre, so they could be killed there. Between 1942 and 1944, the SS sent about 60 groups of prisoners to Hartheim to be gassed to death. Each group had 60 to 1,000 prisoners in it.

paragraphs: The SS also sent prisoners to Auschwitz concentration camp to be killed in its gas chambers.

paragraphs: In early 1945, the SS made prisoners build a gas chamber at Ravensbrück. By this time, the Nazis knew that the Soviet Red Army was getting close. They wanted to kill as many prisoners as possible before the Red Army arrived. In its last few months, Ravensbrück became an extermination camp (a death camp). The SS started sending children and prisoners from Ravensbrück's sub-camps to the main camp, so they could be gassed to death. In just a few months, the SS killed 5,000 to 6,000 prisoners in the gas chamber.

paragraphs: In March 1945, the Red Army was very close to Ravensbrück. The SS did not want to leave any witnesses to tell the Soviets what had happened at Ravensbrück. In March, they sent about 8,000 prisoners to other concentration camps.

paragraphs: On April 27, the SS forced about 20,000 female prisoners and about 3,000 male prisoners to march towards the middle of Germany. This was a death march. The SS guards had been ordered to kill anyone who could not keep up. However, Soviet soldiers found the route of the march and freed the prisoners who had survived the death march.

paragraphs: On April 29, the SS guards that were still at Ravensbrück ran away from the camp. The next day, the Red Army arrived at Ravensbrück and freed the camp. They found only about 3,000 very sick prisoners. These were the prisoners that the SS had left behind because they were too sick to march.


title: Pantelis Pantelidis

paragraphs: Pantelis Pantelidis (23 November 1983 – 18 February 2016) was a Greek singer and songwriter. He was born in Athens and grew up in Nea Ionia. He worked in the Greek Navy, but left this job for a musical career. He learned music by himself. He became known from some YouTube videos. He worked with Greek musicians such as Vasilis Karras, Despina Vandi and others. He twice won awards at the MAD Video Music Awards, first in 2013 as the best new artist and secondly in 2015 as the best Greek male singer.

paragraphs: Pantelidis was killed on February 18, 2016 in a car crash in Athens. He was aged 32.


title: Belinda Nash

paragraphs: Belinda Nash (October 27, 1946 – February 16, 2016) was an American historian, author and activist. She wrote a biography of Grace Sherwood, the last person to be "convicted" by ordeal of being a witch in Virginia. As a result of Nash's work, Sherwood was given a pardon, 300 years after her trial by ordeal.

paragraphs: Nash died in Virginia Beach, Virginia on February 16, 2016 from cancer. She was aged 69.


title: Claude Jeancolas

paragraphs: Claude Jeancolas (1949 – 17 February 2016) was a French writer, art historian and journalist. He was best known for his expertise on Arthur Rimbaud. He was born in Nancy, France.

paragraphs: Jeancolas died in Paris, France from cancer on 17 February 2016. He was aged 66.


title: Displacement (ship)

paragraphs: Displacement or displacement tonnage is the weight of water that a ship pushes aside when it is floating, which in turn is the weight of a ship (and its contents). It is usually applied to naval vessels rather than commercial ones, and is measured when the ship's fuel tanks are full and all stores are aboard. Merchant vessels use other measures such as net tonnage, gross tonnage, or deadweight tonnage.


title: Tamerlan Aguzarov

paragraphs: Tamerlan Kimovich Aguzarov (; 14 June 1963 – 19 February 2016) was a Russian politician. He was the head of North Ossetia-Alania from June 5, 2015 until his death in February 19, 2016.

paragraphs: Aguzarov died on 19 February 2016 in Moscow from complications of pneumonia. He was aged 52.


title: Bill Daily

paragraphs: Bill Daily (August 30, 1927 – September 4, 2018) was an American comedian and dramatic actor. He acted in many television sitcoms. He was best known for playing astronaut Roger Healey on "I Dream of Jeannie" and commercial airline navigator Howard Borden on "The Bob Newhart Show".

paragraphs: Daily was born in Des Moines, Iowa. He was raised in Chicago, Illinois. Daily died on September 4, 2018 at the age of 91 in his home in Santa Fe, New Mexico.


title: Aleksey Batalov

paragraphs: Aleksey Vladimirovich Batalov () was a Soviet and Russian actor. He has been known for his portrayal of noble and positive characters. He was named a People's Artist of the USSR in 1976 and a Hero of Socialist Labour in 1989. He also starred in Mikhail Romm's "Nine Days of One Year" (1962). In 1967 he was a member of the jury of the 5th Moscow International Film Festival. In 1973 he was a member of the jury at the 8th Moscow International Film Festival.

paragraphs: Batalov died on 14 June 2017 in Moscow from complications of a fall at the age of 88.


title: The Dream Makers II

paragraphs: The Dream Makers II (, also The Dream Makers 2 or ZZSF2) is a Singaporean drama television series. It is produced and shown on Mediacorp Channel 8. It is a sequel to the 2013 series "The Dream Makers". It began its run from 4 December 2015. There are 32 episodes. It stars Zoe Tay, Li Nanxing, Huang Biren, Jeanette Aw, Rui En, Qi Yuwu, Romeo Tan, Julie Tan, Zhang Zhenhuan, Ian Fang, Chen Meifeng and Damian Lau as the main characters. The show is Channel 8's end-year blockbuster for 2015.


title: Comberton

paragraphs: Comberton is a village and civil parish in South Cambridgeshire, England. It is about 10 km (6 miles) south-west of the city of Cambridge.

paragraphs: Comberton has a population of about 2,400. It has two churches: an Anglican church dating from the 13th century, and a Baptist church dating from 1861.


title: Gamemaster

paragraphs: A gamemaster is a person who plans, referees, solves arguments in and otherwise runs a role-playing game with more than one player. They are almost always seen in games where all the players are on the same side, and less often seen in games where the players are against each other. Acting as a gamemaster is sometimes called "Gamemastering" or "GMing" for short.

paragraphs: A gamemaster's job in a traditional role-playing game (where all the players are together in person) is to bring the other players' characters' stories together, control the other characters and monsters, put together places and scenes for the player characters to act in, and solve arguments between players. This basic rule is the same in almost all role-playing games, but some rule sets may need the gamemaster to do other jobs unique to that system.

paragraphs: The role of a gamemaster in an online game is to make sure everyone follows the game's rules and give general customer service. Gamemasters for online games may be players who choose the role like in traditional role-playing games, or they might be workers paid by the company that makes the game.

paragraphs: The term "gamemaster" and the job itself it could be found in the postal gaming hobby.

paragraphs: In the sense of a role-playing game, it was first used by "Chivalry & Sorcery", and in wargaming it has been used in Guidon Games' 1973 ruleset, "Ironclad". In most play-by-mail games, players control armies or countries and mail the actions they want to do to the GM. The GM then regularly mails the newest game state to all players.

paragraphs: Each gaming system has its own name for the gamemaster, such as "judge", "narrator", "referee", "director", or "storyteller", and these names not only describe the role of the gamemaster in general but also help explain how the game is meant to be run. For example, the Storyteller System used in White Wolf Game Studio's storytelling games calls its gamemaster the "storyteller", while the rules- and setting-focused "Marvel Super Heroes" role-playing game calls its gamemaster the "judge". The cartoon-based role-playing game "Toon" calls its gamemaster the "animator". A few games use system- or setting-specific flavourful (closely related to the game's setting or "flavour") names for the gamemaster, such as the Hollyhock God in "Nobilis", where the hollyhock means vanity, or the most well known of such names, "Dungeon Master" (or "DM") in "Dungeons & Dragons".

paragraphs: The gamemaster prepares the game session for the players and the characters they play (known as player characters or PCs), describes the events taking place and decides on the results of players' actions. The gamemaster also keeps track of non-player characters (NPCs) and random encounters, as well as of the general state of the game world. The game session (or "adventure") could be described as a play, in which the players are the lead actors, and the GM brings the stage, the scenery, the basic plot on which the improvisational (unplanned) script is built, as well as all the bit parts and supporting characters. Gamemasters can also be in charge of RPG board games, making the events and setting up challenges.

paragraphs: A gamemaster can be said to wear four "hats" in their role, meaning the four main jobs they do as part of the overall job of GMing.

paragraphs: In early virtual worlds gamemasters worked as a moderator or administrator; in MUD gamemasters were called "wizards". Gamemastering in the form found in traditional role-playing games has also been used in virtual worlds that mostly run by themselves. However, human moderation was sometimes thought of as unfair or wrong in a world that is otherwise run by computer programs.

paragraphs: As online games got bigger and more popular, gamemasters' jobs grew to include giving customer service for an online community. A gamemaster in such a game is either a volunteer player that has been there a long time, or someone who works for the game's publisher. They make everyone follow the game's rules by getting rid of spammers, player killers, cheaters, and hackers and by solving players' problems by giving general customer service. For their jobs they use special tools and characters that allow them to do things like teleport to players, make items, and look at logs that record players' actions. Often, players who aren't happy with the game will blame the GMs for any problems. However, this blame is not fair as most GMs are not developers and cannot fix those types of problems.

paragraphs: America Online Online Gaming Forum (which is no longer in use) used to use volunteers chosen from applications from its users. These people were called OGFs by other members, and their screennames showed their role (i.e., OGF Moose, etc.). While users only needed to be members of AOL to use the Online Gaming Forum, OGFs were given powers like AOL "Guides" and could use them at will when they thought it was right.

paragraphs: "World of Warcraft" has employees of Blizzard Entertainment that serve as gamemasters to help users with many problems in gameplay, chat, and other things like account and payment issues. A gamemaster in this game can talk to players through chat with blue text, and they will also have a special "GM" tag and Blizzard logo in front of their name.

paragraphs: "RuneScape" has more than 500 moderators working for Jagex Games Studio to help players and do administrative work in-game and on the site forums. These "Jagex Moderators", as they are called, usually have the word "Mod" and a gold crown preceding their account names which normal players are not allowed to use. The game also has "Player Moderators" and "Forum Moderators" who are player volunteers helping with moderation, having the power to mute (block from chatting) other players who break rules.

paragraphs: Note that a few games, such as "Neverwinter Nights" and "", are video game adaptations of tabletop role-playing games that are played online with one player acting as a gamemaster in the same way as they would in real life.

paragraphs: Gamemastering, sometimes called Orchestration is used in pervasive games to guide players along a path that the game's writer wants.

paragraphs: Good gamemastering in this type of game sometimes needs special user interfaces that are unique to a certain game.

paragraphs: Sometimes, tabletop GMs can not find players that want to play in either the same setting, product line, or play style in their local area. The networked personal computer gave an answer with online chat programs. Gamemasters with the right equipment can find players online and a group can meet using chat rooms, forums, or other electronic means.

paragraphs: Compared to standard tabletop games (and to games "meant" to be played online), this online chat format changes the balance of duties for a gamemaster quite a lot. Descriptions require more preparation, even when using cut-and-paste; acting and voice skills can not be used to get the personality of NPCs and monsters across, making background music as a playing aid more useful. The GM is likely to need copies of player-character records, not being able to look at the originals as in a normal face-to-face game. The format also forces the issue (particularly when players do not all know each other) of whether to leave all rolling of dice to the GM, or to trust all players to honestly give the results of their rolls (the honor system may be strained when rolling well is a very good thing).

paragraphs: However, over time there have been answers to these problems. The use of Wiki software helps GMs and players keep track of game data, sometimes turning into a home-made gaming aid. Scripting software allows difficult parts of gameplay (e.g. a complicated formula or lots of die-rolling) to be done at the push of a button. Teleconferencing lets groups use voice, video, and a shared whiteboard to interact. The use of technology to allow online play is growing, as seen in products like the D&D Insider.