title: Consuelo Moure

paragraphs: Consuelo Moure (1947 – 2 April 2014) was a Spanish-born Colombian actress. She was known for her roles in "Nochebuena", "Pena máxima", "La esquina", "Tres hombres y tres mujeres", "Es mejor ser rico que pobre" and in "Champagne". She was born in Pamplona.

paragraphs: Moure died on 2 April 2014 in Bogotá, Colombia from lung cancer, aged 67.


title: Joseph Willaert

paragraphs: Joseph Willaert (1936 – 2 April 2014) was a Belgian painter. He was known for his abstract paintings. He mostly hung his paintings in train stations or public areas. Some of his art has been internationally displayed in many museums.

paragraphs: Willaert was born in Diksmuide. He died on 2 April 2014 in Oostende, Belgium from complications of a stroke, aged 78.


title: Michael Prinz von Preußen

paragraphs: Michael Prinz von Preußen (22 March 1940 – 3 April 2014) or Michael, Prince of Prussia, was a German writer and royalty. He was the son of Louis Ferdinand, Prince of Prussia. He was the godfather of Georg Friedrich, Prince of Prussia. He studied in Freiburg. He wrote many biographies about his family members. He was born in Berlin.

paragraphs: Michael died from an illness on 3 April 2014 in Thanheim, aged 74.


title: Paul Lüönd

paragraphs: Paul Lüönd (15 April 1950 – 3 April 2014) was a Swiss musician and politician. He formed a group with his older two brothers called "Mosibuäbe". Lüönd was born on 15 April 1950. He grew up in the Mosi on Ingenbohl.

paragraphs: He died on 3 April 2014 from a long illness in Switzerland, aged 63.


title: Zeituni Onyango

paragraphs: Zeituni Onyango ( ; 29 May 1952 – 7 April 2014) was the half-aunt of United States President Barack Obama. She was the half-sister of Obama's late father Barack Obama, Sr.. She is called "Aunti Zeituni" in Obama's memoir "Dreams from My Father". She was a computer programmer.

paragraphs: She was a native of Kenya. In 2000, she came to the United States illegally and in 2002 sought political asylum in the United States citing violence. Kenya and East Africa saw a rise in violence in the 2000s. Her case was denied in 2004 but she remained in South Boston, Massachusetts, before she got legal representation. Her case was leaked in the final days of the 2008 U.S. presidential election in which Obama was the Democratic candidate. She was given asylum in 2010.

paragraphs: Onyango died from breast cancer and a respiratory ailment on 7 April 2014 in Boston. She was 61 years old.


title: The Hardy Boyz

paragraphs: The Hardy Boyz is a professional wrestling tag team. The team members were real-life brothers Matt and Jeff Hardy. The Hardy Boyz are best known for competing in World Wrestling Federation/Entertainment (WWE). They were known for competing in ladder matches and Tables, Ladders, and Chairs matches. They also worked for Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA) for a short time. The team first started in independent promotions around North Carolina in 1993.

paragraphs: The team signed with the WWF in 1998. They joined Gangrel to form The New Brood in August 1999. During their time in the WWF, they were managed by Terri for a short time before they were managed full-time by their real-life friend Lita. When Lita joined, the team was known as "Team Xtreme". They split up in 2002 and reunited in 2006 to feud with MNM before they decided to focus on singles competition. Jeff left the company in August and Matt left in late 2010.

paragraphs: They both reunited in January 2011 in Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA) where they were members of the Immortal stable. Matt was released from the company in August 2011 after he was arrested for driving while intoxicated.


title: Babymetal

paragraphs: Babymetal is a Japanese metal band. The members are Suzuka Nakamoto, Yui Mizuno and Moa Kikuchi. The band started in 2010. Their first album "Babymetal" was released on February 26, 2014 in Japan.


title: OkCupid

paragraphs: OkCupid is a free friendship, dating and social networking website. The website is part of the "Match Developing" unit of IAC/InterActiveCorp's Match division. In 2014 the website had 12 million users.


title: Steven Pinker

paragraphs: Steven Arthur Pinker (born September 18, 1954) is a Canadian-American experimental psychologist. He has written six popular psychology books. He is a Harvard College professor.

paragraphs: Pinker was born in Montreal, Quebec, Canada in 1954, to a middle-class English-speaking Jewish family.

paragraphs: When he was 13 he became an atheist. Pinker was given the American Humanist Association's Humanist of the Year award on May 13, 2006.


title: General Butt Naked

paragraphs: Joshua Milton Blahyi (born September 30, 1971), better known as General Butt Naked, is an Evangelical Christian preacher.

paragraphs: Blahyi is a member of the Sarpo tribe in Liberia. Blahyi has said that when he was 11 years old he became a tribal priest.

paragraphs: In 2011 a documentary film called "The Redemption of General Butt Naked" was released. Matt Stone and Trey Parker based the character "Butt Fucking Naked" in their musical The Book of Mormon on General Butt Naked.


title: John Shirley-Quirk

paragraphs: John Shirley-Quirk (28 August 1931 – 7 April 2014) was an English bass-baritone. He was a member of the English Opera Group from 1964 to 1976. He was known for performing and recording the operatic and vocal works of Benjamin Britten. He was born in Liverpool, Lancashire (now Merseyside).

paragraphs: Shirley-Quirk died on 7 April 2014 in Bath, Somerset. He was 82 years old.


title: Josep Maria Subirachs

paragraphs: Josep Maria Subirachs i Sitjar (; 11 March 1927 – 7 April 2014) was a Spanish sculptor and painter of the late 20th century. His best known work is probably the Passion Façade of the basilica of the Sagrada Família in Barcelona.

paragraphs: Subirachs was born in Barcelona. He died there from Parkinson's disease on 7 April 2014. He was 87 years old.


title: Duchy of Savoy

paragraphs: The Duchy of Savoy was a monarchy in northern Italy and southwest France. It was ruled by the Savoy family. They took their name from the territory. From 1416 to 1562, the capital of the state was Chambéry. From 1562 to 1713 after which the capital was Turin. The heir to the throne was usually given the title of Prince of Piedmont.

paragraphs: The main residence of the family was the Royal Palace of Turin.

paragraphs: It was originally a county but raised to a Duchy in 1416. It greatly increased in size due to the Kingdom of Sardinia being added to the Savoy family possessions. Parts of the Duchy of Milan had also been added before. The small duchy was a neighbour to the Duchy of Parma as well as the larger wealthier Grand Duchy of Tuscany both of which would later form close relationships with eachother often through marriages between princes and princesses.

paragraphs: In 1860, under the terms of the Treaty of Turin, the Duchy of Savoy was annexed by France. The last Duke of Savoy, Victor Emmanuel II, became King of Italy and the country was united into modern Italy.


title: Emmanuel III Delly

paragraphs: Mar Emmanuel III Delly (26 October 1927 – 8 April 2014) was an Iraqi Catholic leader. He was the Patriarch Emeritus of Babylon of the Chaldeans and former Primate of the Chaldean Catholic Church. His name in Arabic is . In Syriac it is . He was born in Tel Keppe.

paragraphs: Delly died on 8 April 2014 at a hospital in San Diego, California in the United States. He was 86 years old.


title: Edvard Grimstad

paragraphs: Edvard Grimstad (29 March 1933 – 3 April 2014) was a Norwegian politician. He was a member of the Centre Party. He served as an MP from 1989 until 1997. He was born in Råde, Østfold.

paragraphs: Grimstad died from natural causes on 3 April 2014 in Oslo. He was 91 years old.


title: Gyula Szabó

paragraphs: Gyula Szabó (15 July 1930 – 4 April 2014) was a Hungarian actor. He won two Mari Jászai Prizes. He appeared in forty movies between 1953 and 2002. He is best known for appearing in movies such as "Ifjú szívvel" (1953), "Kiskrajcár" (1953), "Hintónjáró szerelem" (1955), "Egy pikoló világos" (1955), "Kölyök" (1959), "Két emelet boldogság" (1960), "A tizedes meg a többiek" (1965), "Hahó, Öcsi!" (1971), "Defekt" (1977), and "A Hídember" (2002). He was born in Kunszentmárton, Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok County.

paragraphs: Szabó died on 4 April 2014 at the age of 83.


title: Republic of Ezo

paragraphs: Republic of Ezo, was a short-lived state in 1869 in the area that is now Hokkaido, Japan. It was established by former Tokugawa shogunate retainers. It was against the new imperial government. It was later defeated by Imperial forces.


title: Oddworld Inhabitants

paragraphs: Oddworld Inhabitants publishes games that are set on the Oddworld universe. It was founded in 1994 by Lorne Lanning and Sherry McKenna. The company is known for creating the Oddworld Quintology series released from 1997 to 2005. The series include: Oddworld Abe's Oddysee, Oddworld Abe's Exoddus, Oddworld: Munch's Oddysee and Oddworld: Stranger's Wrath as well as two Gameboy and one Gameboy Advance games that were short versions of Abe's Oddysee, Abe's Exoddus and Munch's Oddysee. They were titled: Oddworld Adventures, Oddworld Adventures II and Munch's Oddysee.

paragraphs: In 2005, Oddworld Inhabitants took a break from making video games. They ended up going into film industry and eventually released Oddworld called Citizen Siege.

paragraphs: They then released games under Just Add Water (Developments) UK LTD where they only sell digital products as of 2008 when the original PC games went up on Steam. They also made available the original PS1 games on the Playstation Network store in 2010 for the PS3 and PSP. The classics were made available for PS Vita in August 2012.

paragraphs: They started work by porting the original Xbox version of Oddworld: Stranger's Wrath to PC. They then made an HD version and had several improvements made to it and it was released in 2011 for the PC and PS3. In 2012 Oddworld announced that Abe's Oddysee was getting a completely remake game from the ground up and it's title which was chosen by fans is called Oddworld: New 'n' Tasty. They also released Oddworld: Munch's Oddysee HD for PS3 in December 2012.

paragraphs: In 2013, it was announced that New 'n' Tasty will be coming Spring 2014 and at the Game Developers Conference in California.

paragraphs: The developers originally stated that the "Oddworld" series would consist of five games referred to as the Quintology. Only two of those five games have been produced, while two additional games from the same universe were developed as expansion titles outside of the Quintology. Production on the Quintology's final three games was halted when the company decided to redirect its efforts toward film production. Those plans, too, were shelved.

paragraphs: In 2009, a partnership was created with developers Just Add Water to continue developing the abandoned video games with Oddworld Inhabitants Inc. becoming the publisher of the titles. In order to raise the money to fund the rest of the Quintology, Just Add Water began by porting the studio's first two titles to new consoles and producing high definition remasters of "Oddworld: Munch's Oddysee" and "Stranger's Wrath".

paragraphs: A high definition rebuild of "Oddworld: Abe's Oddysee" subtitled "New 'n' Tasty!" was next. Stewart Gilray has confirmed that all five Quintology games are titled Oddworld: X's Oddysee where X is the name of the protagonist.


title: Rapetosaurus

paragraphs: Rapetosaurus is a genus of sauropod dinosaur. It lived in what is now Madagascar from 70 to 66 million years ago, at the end of the Cretaceous period. Only one species, "Rapetosaurus krausei", has been found. Like other sauropods, "Rapetosaurus" was a quadrupedal herbivore.

paragraphs: The discovery of "Rapetosaurus" was the first time a titanosaur had been recovered with an almost perfectly intact skeleton, complete with skull. It has helped to clarify some difficult issues in this large group of sauropod dinosaurs. It provides a baseline for the reconstruction of other titanosaurs that are known only from partial remains.

paragraphs: By the early part of the Upper Cretaceous all sauropods, except the titanosaurs, were extinct. The titanosaurs were the dominant herbivores of the Upper Cretaceous on the southern continents which made up Gondwana. Their reign was cut short by the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event.

paragraphs: The specimen discovered was a juvenile. It is 8 metres (26 ft) from head to tail, and "probably weighed about as much as an elephant", according to Kristina Curry Rogers. An adult would have been about twice as long (15 metres (49 ft) in length), which is still less than half the length of its gigantic kin, like "Argentinosaurus" and "Paralititan".


title: Gangnam

paragraphs: Gangnam or Kangnam (; , literally "south of the river") may refer to:


title: Volatiles

paragraphs: In planetary science, volatiles are the group of chemical elements and compounds with a low boiling point. They are often found in the crust or atmosphere of a planet or moon. Examples of volatiles are nitrogen, water, and ammonia.


title: Beat Happening

paragraphs: Beat Happening is an American indie pop band from Olympia, Washington. Calvin Johnson, Heather Lewis, and Bret Lunsford started the band in 1982 after meeting at The Evergreen State College. The band has released five studio albums.


title: Hubei

paragraphs: Hupeh) is a province of the People's Republic of China. The name of the province means "north of the lake" i.e. "north of Lake Dongting". The provincial capital is Wuhan.


title: Joseph E. Johnston

paragraphs: Joseph E. Johnston (February 3, 1807 – March 21, 1891) was a Confederate army general. He fought in the American Civil War. He was born in Virginia in 1807. He graduated from the U.S. Military Academy in 1829. He fought in the Second Seminole War and Mexican-American War. When the Civil War started, Johnston resigned from the U.S. army and joined the Confederate army. He was the second commander of the Army of Northern Virginia. He was wounded at the Battle of Seven Pines. He commanded the Army of Tennessee during the Atlanta Campaign. He was fired in July 1864. He was then placed back in command of the Army of Tennessee in March 1865. He commanded the army during the Battle of Benonville. He surrendered his army in April 1865. He died in 1891 in Washington, D.C.


title: Gansu

paragraphs: Gansu () is a province of the People's Republic of China. The capital is Lanzhou, in the southeast part of the province.

paragraphs: It has an area of 454,430 km². As of 2010 about 25,575,000 people were living here; in 2018, the population is 26,257,000.

paragraphs: The province is mountainous in the south but flat in the north.

paragraphs: The Gobi Desert lies partly in Gansu, and the Yellow River flows in the south.

paragraphs: It contains the geographical centre of China.

paragraphs: Gansu Province has a dry continental climate with cold winters and hot summers.


title: Army of Tennessee

paragraphs: The Army of Tennessee was a Confederate field army during the American Civil War. It fought in the Western Theater for most of the war. It was formed from the Army of Mississippi in November 1862. It surrendered in April 1865 in North Carolina.


title: Lanzhou

paragraphs: Lanzhou (; Postal map spelling: Lanchow) is the capital and largest city of Gansu in Northwest China. As of the 2010 census, 3,616,163 people lived in the city, and 2,177,130 lived in the built-up area (urban) of .


title: Field army

paragraphs: A field army is a military formation. It is made up of two or more corps. Two or more field armies can form an army group. A field army is usually commanded by a general or a lieutenant general.


title: Arrondissements of the Gers department

paragraphs: There are 3 arrondissements in the Gers department. The French departments, and in other countries, are divided into "arrondissements", which may be translated into English as districts (in some cases, as boroughs). The capital of an arrondissement is called a subprefecture.

paragraphs: If the prefecture (capital) of the department is in an arrondissement, that prefecture is the capital of the arrondissement, acting both as a prefecture and as a subprefecture.

paragraphs: Arrondissements are further divided into cantons and communes.

paragraphs: The arrondissements of the Gers department are:

paragraphs: Since its creation, the Gers department has had few changes:


title: Arrondissement of Auch

paragraphs: The arrondissement of Auch is an arrondissement of France. It is part of the Gers "département" in the Occitanie region. Its capital is the city of Auch.

paragraphs: When the "arrondissements" were created on 17 February 1800, Auch was one of them in the Gers department.

paragraphs: It is the easternmost of the "arrondissements" of the department, with an area of . It is the most populated "arrondissement" with 87,118 inhabitants and a population density of inhabitants/km².

paragraphs: The "arrondissement" is bordered to the north and northwest by the "arrondissement" of Condom, to the east by the Haute-Garonne department, and to the south and southwest by the "arrondissement" of Mirande.

paragraphs: After the reorganisation of the cantons in France, cantons are not subdivisions of the "arrondissements" so they could have "communes" that belong to different "arrondissements".

paragraphs: In the "arrondissement" of Auch, there are four cantons where not all their "communes" are in the "arrondissement": Astarac-Gimone, Fezensac, Gascogne-Auscitaine and Gimone-Arrats. The following table shows the distribution of the "communes" in the cantons and "arrondissements":

paragraphs: The "arrondissement" of Auch has 154 "communes"; they are (with their INSEE codes):

paragraphs: The "communes" in the "arrondissement" with more inhabitants are:


title: Donkey punch

paragraphs: The donkey punch is an act during sexual intercourse. Some people wrongly think that if a man putting his penis in his partner's vagina or anus punches their back or head, the vagina and anus will become very tight, giving more pleasure to the man. In fact, no such reflex exists. In 2004, the pornography actress Gia Paloma was the first person to person to receive a donkey punch in a film.


title: Victor Emmanuel II of Italy

paragraphs: Victor Emmanuel II (Vittorio Emanuele Maria Alberto Eugenio Ferdinando Tommaso; 14 March 1820 – 9 January 1878) was king of Sardinia from 1849 until 17 March 1861. On that date, he took the title King of Italy to become the first king of a united Italy since the 6th century. He held that title until his death in 1878. The Italians called him "Father of the Homeland" ().

paragraphs: Victor Emmanuel was born at the "Palazzo Carignano" in Turin. He was born the heir to the title of Prince of Carignano, which was one of the most senior members of the Sardinian royal court behind the monarch himself. He became ruler of the Kingdom of Sardinia when his father abdicated.


title: Arrondissement of Condom

paragraphs: The arrondissement of Condom is an arrondissement of France. It is part of the Gers "département" in the Occitanie region. Its capital is the city of Condom.

paragraphs: When the "arrondissements" were created on 17 February 1800, Condom was one of them in the Gers department.

paragraphs: It is the northernmost and the largest of the "arrondissements" of the department, with an area of . It has a population of 65,562 and a population density of inhabitants/km².

paragraphs: The "arrondissement" is bordered to the north by the Lot-et-Garonne (Nouvelle-Aquitaine) department, to the west by the Tarn-et-Garonne (Occitanie) department, to the southwest by the Haute-Garonne (Occitanie) department, to the south by the "arrondissement" of Auch, and to the west by the Landes (Nouvelle-Aquitaine) department.

paragraphs: In the "arrondissement" of Condom, there are three cantons where not all their "communes" are in the "arrondissement": Fezensac, Gascogne-Auscitaine and Gimone-Arrats. The following table shows the distribution of the "communes" in the cantons and "arrondissements":

paragraphs: The "arrondissement" of Condom has 158 "communes"; they are (with their INSEE codes):


title: Arrondissement of Mirande

paragraphs: The arrondissement of Mirande is an arrondissement of France. It is part of the Gers "département" in the Occitanie region. Its capital is the city of Mirande.

paragraphs: When the "arrondissements" were created on 17 February 1800, Mirande was one of them in the Gers department.

paragraphs: It is the southernmost and the smallest of the "arrondissements" of the department, with an area of . It is also the "arrondissement" with fewer people living there, with 37,945 inhabitants and a population density of inhabitants/km².

paragraphs: The "arrondissement" is bordered to the north by the Auch and Condom "arrondissements", to the southeast by the Haute-Garonne department, to the south by the Hautes-Pyrénées and the Pyrénées-Atlantiques departments, and to the west by the Landes department.

paragraphs: In the "arrondissement" of Mirande, there are two cantons where not all their "communes" are in the "arrondissement": Astarac-Gimone and Fezensac. The following table shows the distribution of the "communes" in the cantons and "arrondissements":

paragraphs: The "arrondissement" of Mirande has 150 "communes"; they are (with their INSEE codes):


title: Gers (river)

paragraphs: The Gers is a French river that flows through the Hautes-Pyrénées, Gers and Lot-et-Garonne departments, in the Occitanie and Nouvelle-Aquitaine regions. The Gers department is named after this river.

paragraphs: The river's source is in the Pyrenees and is a left tributary of the Garonne river. In general, it flows from south to north.

paragraphs: The Gers river has a length of and a drainage basin with an area of .

paragraphs: The source of the Gers is on the Plateau de Lannemezan, in the Lannemezan "commune" (Hautes-Pyrénées), at an altitude of .

paragraphs: The Gers passes through the departments and towns of:

paragraphs: The Gers river flows through 48 "communes" and 11 "cantons".

paragraphs: Finally, it flows into the Garonne river to the south of Agen (Lot-et-Garonne), in the Layrac "commune", at of altitude.


title: Glyn Jones

paragraphs: Glyn Idris Jones (27 April 1931 — 2 April 2014) was a South African actor, writer and director. Jones wrote some scripts and had some minor roles in "Doctor Who".

paragraphs: On 4 April 2014, it was announced on Jones had died on 2 April.


title: Virginie Korte-van Hemel

paragraphs: Virginie Norbertina Maria Korte-van Hemel (May 8, 1929 – April 3, 2014) was a Dutch politician. She was a member of the CDA on behalf of the House and Senate. In the cabinets Lubbers I and Lubbers II, she was Secretary for Justice.

paragraphs: She was also an alderman of Bussum from 1970 to 1974.

paragraphs: Hemel was born in Bergen op Zoom and died in Bussum, aged 84.


title: Erzsi Kovács

paragraphs: Erzsi Kovács DRH (2 June 1928 – 6 April 2014) was a Hungarian pop singer and performer.

paragraphs: She made her last album, "Mosolyogva búcsúzom" (English title: "I Leave with a Smile") when she was 79 years old. She was awarded the highest honor in Hungary, the Order of Merit of the Republic of Hungary.

paragraphs: She died after long illness on 6 April 2014.


title: Jacques Castérède

paragraphs: Jacques Castérède (10 April 1926 – 6 April 2014) was a French composer and pianist. He won the Grand Prix de Rome in 1953 with his cantata "La boîte de Pandore" ("Pandora's Box"). He was born in Paris.

paragraphs: Castérède died on 6 April 2014 in Dijon from natural causes, aged 87.


title: Čedo Vuković

paragraphs: Čedo Vuković (28 September 1920 - 7 April 2014) was a Montenegrin writer. He wrote many books for children. Some of them include; "Svemoćno oko" ("Allmighty Eye"), "Letjelica profesora Bistrouma" ("Flying Machine of Professor Brightmind") and "Tim Lavlje srce" ("Lion-heart Team"). Vuković was born in Đulići, Andrijevica city in north-eastern Montenegro.

paragraphs: Vuković died in Budva after long-illness on April 7, 2014, aged 93.


title: A. N. R. Robinson

paragraphs: Arthur Napoleon Raymond Robinson (16 December 1926 – 9 April 2014) was a Trinbagonian politician.

paragraphs: He was the third President of Trinidad and Tobago, serving from 19 March 1997 to 17 March 2003. He was also Trinidad and Tobago's third Prime Minister, serving from 18 December 1986 to 17 December 1991.

paragraphs: Robinson helped create the International Criminal Court.

paragraphs: Robinson died at the St Claire Medical Center, in Port of Spain, aged 87.


title: Port of Spain

paragraphs: Port of Spain is the capital city of Trinidad and Tobago. About 49,031 people live here. It is the third largest city in the country. It served as its capital since the 1700s.


title: Chaguanas

paragraphs: Chaguanas is the largest city of Trinidad and Tobago. About 84,000 people live here. In 1990, it was made a borough.


title: San Fernando, Trinidad and Tobago

paragraphs: San Fernando is the second largest city of Trinidad and Tobago. About 50,000 people live here. It used to be a borough, but was made into a city in 1988. Pitch Lake is located here.

paragraphs: San Fernando has a sister city, as designated by Sister Cities International:


title: George Maxwell Richards

paragraphs: George Maxwell Richards, TC, CM (1 December 1931 – 8 January 2018) was a Trinidadian politician. He was the fourth President of Trinidad and Tobago. He was in office from 2003 to 2013.

paragraphs: Richards died in Port of Spain on 8 January 2018 of congestive heart failure at the age of 86.


title: President of Trinidad and Tobago

paragraphs: The President of Trinidad and Tobago is the person who is in charge of the country of Trinidad and Tobago. They help the country and its people. The office was created in 1976 after being declared independent. The first President was Ellis Clarke.

paragraphs: There are two living former Trinidadian Heads of State:


title: Kamla Persad-Bissessar

paragraphs: The Rt Hon. Kamla Persad-Bissessar PBS SC MP (born 22 April 1952) is a Trinidadian and Tobagonian lawyer and politician who was the seventh Prime Minister of Trinidad and Tobago from 26 May 2010 to 9 September 2015. She was the country's first female Prime Minister, Attorney General, and Leader of the Opposition. She is also the first woman of Indian origin to be a prime minister in a country outside of India and South Asia.


title: Basdeo Panday

paragraphs: Basdeo Panday (born May 25, 1933) is a Trinidadian politician. He was the fifth Prime Minister of Trinidad and Tobago. He served as Prime Minister from 1995 to 2001.


title: Anthony Carmona

paragraphs: Anthony Thomas Aquinas Carmona, SC, ORTT (born March 7, 1953) is a Trinidadian politician. He is the fifth President of Trinidad and Tobago. He became president in 2013.


title: Ellis Clarke

paragraphs: Sir Ellis Emmanuel Innocent Clarke, TC, GCMG (28 December 191730 December 2010) was a Trinidadian politician. He was the second and last Governor-General of Trinidad and Tobago and the first President of Trinidad and Tobago. He was one of the people who created Trinidad and Tobago's 1962 Independence constitution.

paragraphs: He received the La Orden del liberator (The order of the liberator) Venezuela's highest public order, in 1986.


title: Karlheinz Deschner

paragraphs: Karl Heinrich Leopold Deschner (23 May 1924 – 8 April 2014) was a German researcher, humanist, activist and writer. He was known in Europe for his in-depth and strong dislike towards Christianity in general and the Catholic Church. This was the subject of many of his articles and books. His best known work was the 10 volume opus "Christianity's Criminal History" ("Kriminalgeschichte des Christentums", Rowohlt Verlag GmbH, Reinbek). He was born in Bamberg, Bavaria, Weimar Republic.

paragraphs: Deschner died on 8 April 2014 in Haßfurt, Bavaria, Germany. He was 89 years old.


title: Noor Hassanali

paragraphs: Noor Mohamed Hassanali, TC (13 August 1918 – 25 August 2006) was a Trinidadian politician. He was the second President of Trinidad and Tobago. He served from 1987 to 1997.


title: Patrick Manning

paragraphs: Patrick Augustus Mervyn Manning (17 August 1946 – 2 July 2016) was a Trinidadian politician. He was the fourth Prime Minister of Trinidad and Tobago. He served from 17 December 1991 to 9 November 1995 and again from 24 December 2001 to 26 May 2010.

paragraphs: Manning died on 2 July 2016 at a hospital in San Fernando from acute myeloid leukemia, aged 69.


title: Eric Williams

paragraphs: Eric Eustace Williams (25 September 1911 – 29 March 1981) was a Trinidadian politician. He served as the first Prime Minister of Trinidad and Tobago. He served as prime minister from 1962 until his death in 1981.

paragraphs: He was also a known Caribbean historian, and is widely thought as "The Father of The Nation" to Trinidadians.

paragraphs: Williams died from throat cancer in Port of Spain, Trinidad and Tobago, aged 69.


title: Hans Albert

paragraphs: Hans Albert (born February 8, 1921) is a German philosopher. He was born in Cologne. He lives in Heidelberg.

paragraphs: His fields of research are Social Sciences and General Studies of Methods. He is a critical rationalist, giving special attention to rational heuristics (problem solving).


title: Danielle Darrieux

paragraphs: Danielle Yvonne Marie Antoinette Darrieux (1 May 1917 – 17 October 2017) was a French actress and singer. She has appeared in more than 110 movies since 1931. She is one of France's great movie stars and her eighty year career.

paragraphs: Darrieux was born in Bordeaux, France. She died on 17 October 2017 in Bois-le-Roi, France from complications of a fall, aged 100 year old. For her long service to the motion picture industry, in 1985 Danielle was given an Honorary César Award.


title: Mandy Patinkin

paragraphs: Mandel Bruce "Mandy" Patinkin (born November 30, 1952) is an American actor and tenor singer. He is known for his roles in "Alien Nation" (1988), "Yentl" (1983), and "Dick Tracy".


title: Aino-Maija Tikkanen

paragraphs: Aino-Maija Tikkanen (2 November 1927 – 3 March 2014) was a Finnish actress. She appeared in 15 movies between 1954 and 2010. She was born in Turku.

paragraphs: Tikkanen died on 3 March 2014 in Helsinki. She was 86 years old.


title: Yvette Chauviré

paragraphs: Yvette Chauviré (22 April 1917 – 19 October 2016) was a French prima ballerina and actress. She was born in Paris. Her dancing career was from 1937 to 1972. She was the étoile of the Paris Opera Ballet, and later its director. She was the holder of the Légion d'Honneur.

paragraphs: She died at her home in Paris on 19 October 2016, aged 99.


title: Wendell H. Ford

paragraphs: Wendell Hampton Ford (September 8, 1924 – January 22, 2015) was an American politician. He served for twenty-four years in the U.S. Senate and was the 53rd Governor of Kentucky. He was the first person to be successively elected lieutenant governor, governor, and U.S. senator in Kentucky history.

paragraphs: Ford died in Owensboro, Kentucky from lung cancer, aged 90.


title: Dale Bumpers

paragraphs: Dale Leon Bumpers (August 12, 1925 – January 1, 2016) was an American politician. He served as the 38th Governor of Arkansas from 1971 to 1975. Bumpers served in the United States Senate from 1975 until his retirement in January 1999.

paragraphs: After his retirement from the Senate, Bumpers, a self-declared close friend of President Clinton, acted as defense attorney during Clinton's impeachment trial. He gave an impassioned closing argument during the Senate trial.

paragraphs: Bumpers died on January 1, 2016 at his home in Little Rock, Arkansas from complications from a fall at the age of 90. Bumpers was suffering from Alzheimer's disease at the time of his death.


title: Lakhdar Brahimi

paragraphs: Lakhdar Brahimi ( ; ; born 1 January 1934) is an Algerian diplomat and politician. He is the United Nations envoy and advisor. Since August 2012, he was the United Nations and Arab League Special Envoy to Syria.


title: Fernando Henrique Cardoso

paragraphs: Fernando Henrique Cardoso (; born June 18, 1931), also known by his initials FHC () is a Brazilian politician. He was the 34th President of Brazil. He served for two terms from January 1, 1995 to December 31, 2002.


title: Shimabara Rebellion

paragraphs: Shimabara Rebellion, was an uprising in southwestern Japan. It lasted from December 17, 1637 until April 15, 1638, during the Edo period. It largely involved peasants, most of them Catholic Christians.


title: Vladimir Zinchenko

paragraphs: Vladimir Petrovich Zinchenko (; 10 August 1931 – 6 February 2014) was a Russian psychologist, academician, educator and writer. He got a Ph.D. in 1957. He was also an editor-in-chief of the journal of "Cultural-Historical Psychology". He was born in Kharkiv, Soviet Union (now Ukraine).

paragraphs: Zinchenko died on 6 February 2014 in Moscow, Russia. He was 82 years old.


title: Thomas Kurzhals

paragraphs: Thomas Kurzhals (13 December 1953 – 2 January 2014) was a German keyboardist, composer and musician. He was best known as a member of the rock bands Stern-Combo Meißen and Karat. He was born in Ronneburg, Thuringia, East Germany.

paragraphs: Kurzhals died from liver cirrhosis on 2 January 2014 in Glauchau, Saxony. He was 60 years old.


title: Dominique Baudis

paragraphs: Dominique Baudis (; 14 April 1947 – 10 April 2014) was a French ombudsman, journalist and politician. He was the Mayor of Toulouse, Haute-Garonne from March 1983 until January 2001. He was also a member of DL and later of the leading centre-right Union for a Popular Movement. He was born in Paris.

paragraphs: Baudis died from cancer on 10 April 2014 in Paris. He was 66 years old.


title: West Malling

paragraphs: West Malling is a small market town in Tonbridge and Malling, Kent, England. Its postcode is ME19.

paragraphs: There are many historical sites in West Malling that make it a popular place to visit. There are many shops. There is a population of between 3,000 and 5,000 people. St Mary's church is at the top of the High Street.


title: Kaleph Jõulu

paragraphs: Kaleph Jõulu (15 November 1927 – 22 January 2014) was an Estonian educator, writer and folklore collector. He was best known for his book "Maailma 33333 rahvatarkust" (2013). He won the Rahvaluule kogumispreemia (Folklore Prize) four times (1994, 1996, 1997, 2007). He was born in Rapla, Rapla County.

paragraphs: Jõulu died on 22 January 2014 in Viljandi, Viljandi County. He was 86 years old.


title: Nigel Evans

paragraphs: Nigel Martin Evans (born 10 November 1957) is a British politician. He was born in Swansea, Wales. He has been the Member of Parliament for Ribble Valley since 1992. He was a Conservative until 2013. Since then he has been an Independent. He was First Deputy Chairman of Ways and Means from 2010 to 2013.

paragraphs: Evans lives in Pendleton, Lancashire. He is openly gay. In 2014 at Preston Crown Court, he was acquitted of nine sex crimes, including a rape.


title: Karin Dreijer Andersson

paragraphs: Karin Elisabeth Dreijer Andersson (born 7 April 1975), also known by her stage name Fever Ray, is the lead singer of The Knife.

paragraphs: Andersson was born in Nacka, Sweden. She started playing the guitar when she was 10.

paragraphs: Andersson is married to Kent Peter Kristian Andersson and has two children.


title: Władysław Filipowiak

paragraphs: Władysław Filipowiak (29 April 1926 – 31 March 2014) was a Polish professor, writer, and archaeologist. He was a former director of the National Museum in Szczecin.

paragraphs: He was the author of over 200 publications in the field of early medieval archeology. In the past year has been an Honorary Citizen of the Commune Wolin. Filipowiak was born in Kaczycach, Poland.

paragraphs: Filipowiak died on 31 March 2014 in Szczecin, Poland from natural causes, aged 87.


title: Owen Chadwick

paragraphs: William Owen Chadwick, OM, KBE, FBA, FRSE (20 May 1916 – 17 July 2015) was a British professor, writer and prominent historian of Christianity. He was also a rugby union player.

paragraphs: Chadwick was born in Bromley, Kent, England. He died at the age of 99 on 17 July 2015.


title: Albert Brooks

paragraphs: Albert Lawrence Brooks (born Albert Lawrence Einstein; July 22, 1947) is an American actor, voice actor, writer, comedian, and director. He was known for his roles in "Modern Romance" (1981), "Lost in America" (1985), "Defending Your Life" (1991), "Finding Nemo" (2004), "The Simpsons Movie" (2007), and "Drive" (2011).

paragraphs: Brooks was born in Beverly Hills, California.


title: Carlo Maria Martini

paragraphs: Carlo Maria Martini, S.J., (15 February 1927 – 31 August 2012) was an Italian Jesuit and cardinal of the Catholic Church. He was Archbishop of Milan from 1980 to 2002.

paragraphs: Martini was born in Orbassano, Kingdom of Italy. He died in Gallarate, Italy on 31 August 2012 from Parkinson's disease, aged 85.


title: Jean Giraud

paragraphs: Jean Henri Gaston Giraud (8 May 1938 – 10 March 2012) was a French artist, cartoonist, and writer. He was known for his comic "Blueberry". His pseudonym was Mœbius or Gir.

paragraphs: Giraud was born in Nogent-sur-Marne. He died on 10 March 2014 in Paris from lymphoma, aged 73.


title: Wisława Szymborska

paragraphs: Wisława Szymborska-Włodek, Maria Wisława Anna Szymborska (2 July 1923 – 1 February 2012) was a Polish poet, essayist, and translator. She was the recipient of the 1996 Nobel Prize in Literature.

paragraphs: Szymborska was born in Prowent. She died 1 February 2012 at home in Kraków from natural causes, aged 88.


title: Joe Dini

paragraphs: Joseph E. "Joe" Dini, Jr. (March 28, 1929 – April 10, 2014) was an American politician for the Democratic Party and business man. He was elected to the Nevada State Assembly for the 38th district (which includes Lyon County, Storey County and parts of Carson City) in 1967 and served until 2001. He also owned the Dini's Lucky Club from 1960 until 2007. He was born in Yerington, Nevada.

paragraphs: Dini died from heart failure after an illness on April 10, 2014 at a hosptial in Reno, Nevada. He was 85 years old.


title: Vicco von Bülow

paragraphs: Bernhard-Victor Christoph-Carl von Bülow, short: Vicco von Bülow, "alias" Loriot (12 November 1923 – 22 August 2011) was a German comedian, humorist, cartoonist, movie director, actor and writer.

paragraphs: He is best known for his cartoons, the sketches from his 1976 television series "Loriot", alongside Evelyn Hamann, and his two movies, "Ödipussi" (1988) and "Pappa Ante Portas" (1991).

paragraphs: Von Bülow was born in Brandenburg an der Havel. He died on 22 August 2011 in Ammerland at Lake Starnberg, Germany from natural causes, aged 87.


title: Andrew Wyeth

paragraphs: Andrew Newell Wyeth ( ; July 12, 1917 – January 16, 2009) was an American visual artist, primarily a realist painter, working mostly in a regionalist style. He was one of the best-known U.S. artists of the middle 20th century.

paragraphs: Wyeth was born in Chadds Ford, Pennsylvania. He was the youngest of N.C. Wyeth's five children. His siblings included artists Henriette Wyeth and Carolyn Wyeth as well as inventor Nathaniel Wyeth. In 1940, he married Betsy James, who would often model in his paintings.

paragraphs: On January 16, 2009, Wyeth died in his sleep in Chadds Ford after a brief illness. He was 91 years old.


title: Kathleen O'Malley

paragraphs: Kathleen O'Malley (born March 31, 1924) is an American retired actress. Her career began as a child. Her father was actor Pat O'Malley. Her screen debut came in 1926 in one of his movies, "My old Dutch".

paragraphs: She appeared in many television series such as "Cover Girl", "Lady on a Train", "Two Tickets to Broadway", "Maverick", "Rawhide" and "General Hospital".


title: Francesco Cossiga

paragraphs: Francesco Cossiga (26 July 1928 – 17 August 2010) was an Italian politician. He was the 8th President of Italy, serving from July 1985 to April 1992. He was the 42nd Prime Minister of Italy, serving from August 1979 to 1980.

paragraphs: Cossiga was born in Sassari, Sardinia. He died on 17 August 2010 in Rome, Italy from a respiratory infection, aged 82.


title: Matteo Renzi

paragraphs: Matteo Renzi (; born 11 January 1975) is an Italian politician. He is the 56th and current Prime Minister of Italy. He became Prime Minister on 22 February 2014. Before, he was the President of Florence Province from 2004 to 2009 and the Mayor of Florence from 2009 to 2014. He resigned on 5 December 2016.


title: Bayn Johnson

paragraphs: Bayn Johnson (born in November 4, 1958) is an American former actress, electric guitarist, and singer. She was born in New Orleans, Louisiana. She appeared on season 1 (1969-1970) of "Sesame Street". She also appeared as "Kelly (The Short Circus kid band member)" on seasons 3-4 (1973-1975) of "The Electric Company".


title: Sue Townsend

paragraphs: Susan Lillian "Sue" Townsend, (2 April 1946 – 10 April 2014) was an English novelist and playwright. She was best known as the author of the Adrian Mole books. Most of her works combined comedy with social commentary and also wrote purely dramatic works. She was born in Leicester, Leicestershire.

paragraphs: Townsend was diagnosed with diabetes in the 1980s. She received a kidney from her elder son in 2009. She had a stroke in 2012. She died on 10 April 2014 at her home in Leicester after having another stroke. She was 68 years old.


title: Chinghiz Aitmatov

paragraphs: Chyngyz Aitmatov () (12 December 1928 – 10 June 2008) was a Soviet-Kyrgyz author and diplomat. He wrote in both Russian and Kyrgyz. He is a famous author in Kyrgyzstan's literature. His best-known work abroad is a novel "The Day Lasts More than a Hundred Years", which has folklore and science fiction elements.

paragraphs: Aitmatov was born on 12 December 1928 in Sheker village, Kirghiz ASSR, USSR.

paragraphs: Aitmatov was first the ambassador for the Soviet Union and later for Kyrgyzstan, to the European Union, NATO, UNESCO and the Benelux countries. In 1963, he was honored with the Lenin Prize for his works in literature.

paragraphs: Aitmatov died on 10 June 2008 from kidney failure and pneumonia in Nuremberg, Germany, aged 79.


title: Division of Forde

paragraphs: The Division of Forde is an Australian Electoral Division in Queensland. It was set up in 1984, and is named after Frank Forde, Prime Minister of Australia in 1945. At first it covered the southern suburbs of Brisbane, but changes have moved the area of the division into the semi-rural areas south of the city. This includes Beenleigh, Bethania, Boronia Heights, Chambers Flat, Cornubia, Eagleby, Edens Landing, Loganholme, Logan Reserve, Mount Warren Park, Ormeau Hills, Park Ridge, Tanah Merah, Upper Coomera, Waterford, Waterford West and Windaroo as well as parts of Daisy Hill, Heritage Park, Loganlea, Munruben, Ormeau, Park Ridge South and Shailer Park.

paragraphs: On 8 August 2013, it was announced former Queensland Premier Peter Beattie would contest the seat of Forde at the 2013 election.


title: Müllerian agenesis

paragraphs: Müllerian agenesis is a rare birth defect also called Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser syndrome or MRKH. People with the syndrome are born without vaginas, cervixes, and wombs, despite being biologically female. Queen Amalia of Greece had the syndrome. People with the syndrome cannot get pregnant because they do not have wombs.


title: Division of Groom

paragraphs: The Division of Groom is an Australian Electoral Division in Queensland. It was set up in 1984 and named for Sir Littleton Groom, former Speaker of the Australian House of Representatives. He represented the Division of Darling Downs, which covered much of the same area.

paragraphs: It is in the rural areas west of Brisbane and includes Toowoomba, Australia's second largest inland city. Other towns include Oakey and Pittsworth.

paragraphs: Ian McFarlane was a minister in the Howard and Abbott governments. He was dropped from the cabinet by Malcolm Turnbull in 2015, which later led him to leave the Liberal Party and join the National Party.


title: Time of the Season

paragraphs: "Time of the Season" (where the breaths, sighs and flutish pianish organ were heard) is a single from The Zombies. It is a ballad about emotions in the Summer of Love. Colin Blunstone is lead singer.

paragraphs: The song hit #3 on the "Billboard" Hot 100, and #1 in Canada. It did not chart in Britain.

paragraphs: The song was sampled and covered by quite a few artists in the years after.


title: Harald Nugiseks

paragraphs: Harald Nugiseks (22 October 1921 – 2 January 2014) was an SS-Oberscharführer (Sergeant) in World War II. He served at his own free will in the 20th Waffen Grenadier Division of the SS (1st Estonian) of the Waffen SS. He was also one of the four Estonian soldiers who received the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross. He was born in Karjaküla, Särevere Parish, Järva County.

paragraphs: Nugiseks died from natural causes on 2 January 2014, aged 92.


title: Sonny Ruberto

paragraphs: John Edward "Sonny" Ruberto (January 2, 1946 – March 25, 2014) was an American baseball backup catcher and pinch runner. He played in the Major League Baseball (MLB) and played two seasons for the San Diego Padres (1969) and the Cincinnati Reds (1972). He was born in the Staten Island borough of New York City, New York.

paragraphs: Ruberto died from cancer on March 25, 2014 in Ave Maria, Florida. He was 68 years old.


title: Tonie Nathan

paragraphs: Theodora Nathalia "Tonie" Nathan (February 9, 1923 – March 20, 2014) was an American politician. She is the first woman, as well as the first Jewish person, to have got an electoral vote in a United States presidential election. She was the 1972 vice presidential nominee of the Libertarian Party and running mate of John Hospers. She was born in New York City.

paragraphs: Nathan died from Alzheimer's disease on March 20, 2014 in Eugene, Oregon. She was 91 years old.


title: Pam Tillis

paragraphs: Pamela Yvonne "Pam" Tillis (born July 24, 1957) is an American country music singer and actress. She began her career in 1981. In 1991, she had a song in the Top 40 on the "Billboard" Hot Country Songs for the first time.

paragraphs: Tillis has released many albums. Two of them are "Put Yourself in My Place" and "Sweetheart's Dance".

paragraphs: Tillis was born in Florida. She was raised in Nashville, Tennessee. Her father is the late country music singer Mel Tillis.


title: WrestleMania 31

paragraphs: WrestleMania 31 was a professional wrestling pay-per-view show made by WWE. It was held on March 29, 2015 at Levi's Stadium in Santa Clara, California. It was the thirty-first WrestleMania event held by the WWE. The event earned a record gate of $12.6 million. It also broke Levi's Stadium's attendance record by 6,177 people.

paragraphs: The main event saw Roman Reigns face Brock Lesnar for the WWE World Heavyweight Championship. During the match, Seth Rollins ran to the ring and cashed in his Money in the Bank contract which made the match a triple threat match. Rollins won the match and the championship. Another match on the card saw Sting compete in his first WWE match where he was defeated by Triple H.


title: Richard W. Burkhardt

paragraphs: Richard Wellington Burkhardt (May 18, 1918 – March 4, 2014) was an American academic. He was the 8th President of Ball State University, from 1978 to 1979. He retired in 1985. He was born in Newton, Massachusetts.

paragraphs: Burkhardt died from natural causes on May 18, 1918 in Muncie, Indiana. He was 95 years old.


title: Leopoldo María Panero

paragraphs: Leopoldo María Panero (16 June 1948 – 5 March 2014) was a Spanish poet. He was often placed in the Novísimos group. He had fifteen poetic releases between 1970 and 2004. He was born in Madrid.

paragraphs: Panero died from heart failure on 5 March 2014 in Madrid. He was 65 years old.


title: Alemayehu Atomsa

paragraphs: Alemayehu Atomsa (; 12 February 1969 – 6 March 2014) was an Ethiopian politician. He served as the president of the Oromo Region, the largest of the country's regions, from 2010 until he resgined due to illness in 2014. He was born in Bonaya Boshe, Welega.

paragraphs: Atomsa died from food poisoning on 6 March 2014 at the Bumrungrad International Hospital in Bangkok, Thailand. He was 45 years old.


title: Brett Borgen

paragraphs: Brett Borgen (7 November 1934 – 11 March 2014) was a Norwegian novelist and poet. Her best known works were "Fra en ikke helt vellykket skuespillerinnes dagbok" (1972), "Dualoger med Vår Herre and Isabella, sorgen og Don Juan" (1977), "En time med Jesus" (1978), "Den fortapte datter" (1979), "Heltinnen" (1981). She also wrote the memoir "Lillelord og Lady Brett" (1985).

paragraphs: She was born in Oslo. She died on 11 March 2014 in her hometown of Oslo. She was 79 years old.


title: Anius

paragraphs: In Greek mythology, Anius was a king of Delos and priest of Apollo. He was the son of Apollo and Rhoeo.

paragraphs: Anius told the Greeks the Trojan War would not be won until the tenth year.


title: Lapiro de Mbanga

paragraphs: Lambo Sandjo Pierre Roger (7 April 1957 – 16 March 2014), better known as Lapiro de Mbanga, was a Cameroonian singer. He is best known for his 1985 recording of “Pas argent no love” and for being imprisoned in 2008 after criticizing Cameroon president Paul Biya in the song “Constitution constipée” (“Constipated Constitution”). He was born in Mbanga, Southwest Region.

paragraphs: Mbanga died from cancer on 16 March 2014 in Buffalo, New York in the United States. He was 56 years old.


title: Lake Winnipeg

paragraphs: Lake Winnipeg is a big lake in the province of Manitoba, Canada. It is north of the city of Winnipeg. It is the biggest lake in south Canada.


title: Palazzo Carignano

paragraphs: The Palazzo Carignano is a former palace in Turin, Italy. It was the residence of the Princes of Carignano, a line directly related to the royal family. It is famous for its unique rounded façade. It was also the birthplace of Princess Marie Louise of Savoy. It was the birthplace of Vittorio Emanuele II of Italy, the first king of Italy. The building is near the larger Royal Palace of Turin.


title: Kia Forte

paragraphs: The Kia Forte is a compact car that is built by Kia Motors. The Kia Forte has had two generations, the newest one in 2014. In some places like Costa Rica, Australia and Brazil, the Forte is known as the Kia Cerato, which replaces its former car of the same name. The car is known as the Kia Cerato Forte in Colombia and Singapore and is known as the Naza Forte in Naza of Malaysia where it has been assembled since 2009.


title: Aularches

paragraphs: Aularches miliaris is a grasshopper found in south and southeast Asia. It is protected by powerful chemical defences, and its warning colour signals its foul taste.

paragraphs: When it is disturbed or grabbed, it makes a sharp rasping noise with its thoracic segments. Then, if its thorax is pinched, it gives off a toxic foam. It squirts a clear viscous mucus with unpleasant smell and a bitter taste, faintly alkaline, with many bubbles. This foam comes out as a strong jet from openings in the thorax, and more gently from other openings in the body (ten in total). The foam heaps up around the insect and partly covers it.

paragraphs: The head and thorax are dark green with a canary-yellow band on the side. The leathery front wings are green with many yellow spots; the legs are blue, with a yellow serrated pattern on the hind legs. The abdomen is black with bright red bands.

paragraphs: Like most noxious animals, it is very visible and slow-moving on vegetation. It pays to advertise, and it does not need to hide.


title: Mitsubishi Outlander

paragraphs: The Mitsubishi Outlander is a mid-size crossover SUV that is built by Mitsubishi Motors. The Mitsubishi Outlander has had three generations, the newest one in 2012. When it was first introduced in Japan in 2001, the vehicle was known as the Mitsubishi Airtrek and it was based on the Mitsubishi ASX concept vehicle that was exhibited at the 2001 North American International Auto Show.

paragraphs: They chose the name Airtrek because it was to "describe the vehicle’s ability to transport its passengers on adventure-packed journeys in a 'free-as-a-bird' manner" and was "coined from Air and Trek to express the idea of footloose, adventure-filled motoring pleasure." The new name Outlander was chosen because it suggested a "feeling of journeying to distant, unexplored lands in search of adventure."


title: Camelops

paragraphs: Camelops is an extinct genus of camel which lived in North America during the Pleistocene. from two million years ago to about 10,000 years ago.

paragraphs: They were prey for the wolves, bears, lions and "Smilodon". "Camelops" disappeared at the end of the last ice age, as did many other animals.

paragraphs: Evidence of its environment comes from Natural Trap Cave in Wyoming, and from Rancho La Brea in the modern Los Angeles area. These studies suggest that it was not, like modern camels, adapted to desert conditions. It lived in woodland and grasslands with mixed vegetation.

paragraphs: Before the climate change at about 11,000 years ago it lived in "conifer parklands" on the Montana-Wyoming border, and in "coastel shrublands" in California. After the climate change, what had been woodland became "deserts and treeless steppes of the sort so extensive in the present western U.S.A". Even the type of grass which grew there changed.

paragraphs: Evidently, for this animal, the climate change was very significant. Also, the arrival of man as a hunter may have made the situation worse. A few Clovis points have been found in the cave site.


title: Steppe bison

paragraphs: The steppe bison, or steppe wisent ("Bison priscus"), is an extinct bison. It lived on steppes in Europe, Central Asia, Beringia, and North America during the Quaternary. It is believed that it evolved somewhere in South Asia, That would mean it appeared at about the same time and region as the aurochs, with which its descendants are sometimes confused.

paragraphs: The steppe wisent became extinct in the Pleistocene. It was replaced in Europe by the modern wisent species. It was replaced in America by "Bison latifrons", then later "Bison antiquus"), and finally the modern American bison.

paragraphs: Steppe wisent occasionally appear in cave painting. They are in the famous Cave of Altamira and Lascaux. They have also been found in naturally ice-preserved form.


title: Perfume Genius

paragraphs: Perfume Genius is the stage name for Mike Hadreas. Hadreas released his first album "Learning" in 2010. "Pitchfork" gave it a score of 8.2 out of 10. In 2012 he released his second album, "Put Your Back N 2 It".


title: If You Asked Me To

paragraphs: "If You Asked Me To" is a popular single first performed by Patti LaBelle. The song was from the "Licence to Kill" movie soundtrack. It was also on LaBelle's album "Be Yourself".

paragraphs: The song was released in 1989. It hit top ten on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart. Three years later, it hit #4 on the "Billboard" Hot 100. That version was done by Celine Dion in April 1992. Her version hit in America and Canada.


title: Skin Diamond

paragraphs: Skin Diamond (born Raylin Christensen; February 18, 1987) is the stage name of an award winning American pornographic actress and nude model.

paragraphs: Diamond was born in Ventura, California, and raised in Dunfermline, Scotland, where her parents moved as missionaries. She is of Ethiopian, Danish, Czech, Yugoslav, and German descent. Her father is American actor Rodd Christensen. She appeared in the TV series "Balamory" as a child, alongside her only sister, Heather.

paragraphs: Diamond started her career as a mainstream model and posed, among others, for Louis Vuitton, American Apparel and Atsuko Kudo. She made her pornographic debut in a 2009 Burning Angel film. In that film, she was originally only supposed to perform a girl/girl scene, but, in the end, she shot two boy/girl scenes.

paragraphs: In 2012, Diamond posed for comic book artist David Mack, who portrayed her as Echo in the Marvel Comics miniseries "". In 2013 she posed for photographer Terry Richardson.

paragraphs: In 2014, Diamond was on CNBC's list of "The Dirty Dozen: Porn's Most Popular Stars". Diamond was also cast (with Jenna Haze) in an acting role in the music video for hip-hop artist B.o.B for his song "John Doe" which features Priscilla Renea. The single is from B.o.B's third album, "Underground Luxury". She also appeared in the music video for Cheerleader by Omni in 2012.

paragraphs: Diamond has several tattoos, including a Phoenix on her back, which she got to cover an accidental burn. She also has piercings in her navel, right nostril, and both nipples. She is also well known for her distinctive shaved-on-one-side haircut; because of this, she has been featured in the column "Beauty Showdown" in the magazine "Cosmopolitan".


title: Sheepdog

paragraphs: A sheepdog is a dog trained to herd sheep. Many different breeds can be trained to do this task. One of the most common sheepdog breeds is the Border Collie.


title: Lawrence Walsh

paragraphs: Lawrence Edward Walsh (January 8, 1912 – March 19, 2014) was an American lawyer and former U.S. District Court judge and Deputy Attorney General.

paragraphs: Walsh grew up in New York City. He was appointed Independent Counsel in December 1986 to investigate the Iran-Contra affair during the Ronald Reagan Administration.

paragraphs: Walsh died from natural causes at the age of 102 at his Nichols Hills, Oklahoma home.


title: Patrick Joseph McGovern

paragraphs: Patrick Joseph McGovern, Jr. (August 11, 1937 – March 19, 2014) was an American businessman. He was known for being chairman and founder of International Data Group (IDG). He was listed on the Forbes 400 list of the richest Americans in September, 2013 as having a net worth of $5.1 billion.

paragraphs: McGovern died on March 19, 2014, aged 76.


title: Ronald Selmour

paragraphs: Ronald Selmour is a Canadian actor. He is well known for his role as Firecracker Man in ABC's "Kingdom Hospital", Sundown in the Discovery Channel's TV miniseries "Klondike" and The Butcher in the CW's "Arrow".

paragraphs: Selmour has been involved in the performing Arts from the early years of his life. Though Profoundly religious, his father was very involved with local theatres taking him to see presentations throughout Port-au-Prince, Haiti. In the early 1980s the family made the difficult decision to let him go to Canada, stayed with his aunt while pursuing his studies. In Montreal, Quebec, there he made the acquaintance of several instrumental people in his life, teachers, professors and a mentor name Solly Levy who introduced him to the Comedia dell'arte. Ever since then, the love for the craft became the guiding light in his life.


title: Geopolitics

paragraphs: Geopolitics is the study of how a country's geography (location, terrain, land size, climate, soil and raw materials) affect its foreign, economic and military policy. The word "geopolitics" comes from the words "geography" and "politics".


title: Goji

paragraphs: Goji, goji berry or wolfberry is the fruit of "Lycium barbarum" and "Lycium chinense". These are two very closely related species of boxthorn in the family Solanaceae (which also includes the potato, tomato, eggplant, deadly nightshade, chili pepper, and tobacco). The two species are native to Asia.


title: Alfredo Alcón

paragraphs: Alfredo Félix Alcón (; 3 March 1930 – 11 April 2014) was an Argentine theatre and movie actor. Alcón born in Buenos Aires. Widely considered one of the best, one of the most important and most acclaimed Argentine actors.

paragraphs: He worked in more than 50 movies. His first movie was, "El amor nunca muere" ("Love Never Dies"), in 1955.

paragraphs: He died in Buenos Aires at the age of 84 from a respiratory illness.


title: Jesse Winchester

paragraphs: James Ridout Winchester (May 17, 1944 – April 11, 2014) known as Jesse Winchester, was an American musician and songwriter. He was known for being a Vietnam War activist. To avoid going to the war, he moved to Canada. He became a Canadian citizen in 1973, gained amnesty in the U.S. in 1977 and resettled there in the U.S. in 2002.

paragraphs: He recorded many songs with many musical artists. Some of them included Patti Page, Elvis Costello, Jimmy Buffett, Joan Baez, Anne Murray, Reba McEntire, The Everly Brothers and Emmylou Harris.

paragraphs: Winchester died at his home in Charlottesville, Virginia from bladder cancer, aged 69.


title: Omer Beriziky

paragraphs: Jean Omer Beriziky (born 9 September 1950) is a Malagasy politician and diplomat. He was the Prime Minister of Madagascar from 2011 to 2014. He was elected in 2011.


title: Nandu Bhende

paragraphs: Sadanand Atmaram "Nandu" Bhende (; c. 1956 – 11 April 2014) was an Indian musician, singer-songwriter and actor. He was best known for being a member of bands such as Nandu Bhende Band, Savage Encounter, The Brief Encounter and Velvette Fogg. He performed mostly under blues, pop, rock, and soul music genres.

paragraphs: Bhende died from a heart attack on 11 April 2014 in Mumbai, Maharashtra.


title: Didier Ratsiraka

paragraphs: Vice Admiral Didier Ratsiraka (born 4 November 1936) is a Malagasy politician. He was the President of Madagascar from 1975 to 1993 and from 1997 to 2002. He was in exile from 2009 to 2011.


title: Albert Zafy

paragraphs: Albert Zafy (1 May 1927 – 13 October 2017) was a Malagasy politician. He was the President of Madagascar from 27 March 1993 to 5 September 1996.

paragraphs: Zafy died on 13 October 2017 at a hospital in Saint-Pierre, Réunion in France of a stroke at the age of 90.


title: Hery Rajaonarimampianina

paragraphs: Hery Martial Rakotoarimanana Rajaonarimampianina (born November 6, 1958) is a Malagasy politician. He was the 5th President of Madagascar from January 2014 until his resignation in September 2018.


title: Riina Gerretz

paragraphs: Riina Gerretz (8 July 1939 – 22 March 2014) was an Estonian pianist. She was best known for performing with artists such as Georg Ots, Tiit Kuusik, Hendrik Krumm, Ivo Kuusk, Anu Kaal, Margarita Voites, Jüri Gerretz, Ivo Juul, Yolanda Hernandez, Artur Rinne, Hannes Altrov, Pille Lill and Heidy Tamme. She worked mostly in her native Estonia as well as Finland. During her life, she had the surnames Põder (1939–1958), Villum (1958–1961), Mikiver (1969–1971), Viljanen 1983–2002, Gerretz (until 2014).

paragraphs: Gerretz died after a long illness on 22 March 2014 in Tallinn. She was 74 years old.


title: Philibert Tsiranana

paragraphs: Philibert Tsiranana (18 October 1912 – 16 April 1978) was a Malagasy politician and leader. He served as the first President of Madagascar from 1959 to 1972.


title: Gabriel Ramanantsoa

paragraphs: Gabriel Ramanantsoa (13 April 1906 Antananarivo - 9 May 1979 Paris) was an Malagasy politician. He was the President and Prime Minister of Madagascar from 1972 to 1975.

paragraphs: He died in Paris from a heart attack, aged 73.


title: Sirp

paragraphs: Sirp is the only cultural newspaper published in Estonia. It was first published on 5 October 1940. Until 2013, it was released in black and white.


title: Jerry Tarkanian

paragraphs: Jerry Esther Tarkanian (August 8, 1930–February 11, 2015), also known as "Tark the Shark", was an American college basketball coach. Tarkanian was one of the most successful coaches in college basketball history, most notably at UNLV. He was a coach for the San Antonio Spurs from 1992 to 1993.

paragraphs: Tarkanian was born in Euclid, Ohio. On February 11, 2015, Tarkanian died at the age of 84 in Las Vegas, where he had been hospitalized days earlier after "difficulty breathing", aged 84.


title: Percy Lavon Julian

paragraphs: Percy Lavon Julian (April 11, 1899 – April 19, 1975) was an American research chemist and a well known scientist in the chemical synthesis of medicinal drugs from plants. His works would lead to the invention of birth control pills. He was born in Montgomery, Alabama.

paragraphs: Julian died in Waukegan, Illinois from liver cancer, aged 76.


title: La Wantzenau

paragraphs: La Wantzenau is a commune in the Bas-Rhin department, Alsace, France. It is close to Strasbourg. There are many Alsatian-style houses left in La Wantzenau. There are also modern houses.


title: Ill (France)

paragraphs: The Ill is a river in France that flows through the plain of Alsace. It is an important left tributary of the Rhine river and the main river of Alsace. It flows through the Haut-Rhin and the Bas-Rhin departments in the Grand Est region.

paragraphs: The Ill river has a length of , and a drainage basin with an area of .

paragraphs: The Ill starts in the northern side of the Glaserberg mountain, in the Jura Mountains near the Swiss border, in the "commune" of Winkel, (Haut-Rhin department), at an altitude of about . From here, the Ill flows first to the east to Ferrette and to Illfurth where it is joined by the "Largue" river, the main right tributary of the Ill.

paragraphs: From Illfurth, the Ill runs northward through Alsace, flowing parallel to the Rhine river.

paragraphs: The Ill river flows within the Grand Est region, 2 departments and 70 "communes". It flows through the following "communes", among others:

paragraphs: Five "communes" in the Alsace have their names from the riverː

paragraphs: Finally, the Ill river flows into the Rhine river in the "commune" of Offendorf, just to the north of Strasbourg.

paragraphs: The main tributaries of the Ill river are all left tributaries; the right tributaries are very short streams. Only the Largue starts in the Jura Mountains; the rest have their sources in the Vosgues mountains, to the east.

paragraphs: Its average yearly discharge (volume of water which passes through a section of the river per unit of time) is at Strasbourg in the Bas-Rhin department, for the period 1974 - 2017.


title: Boston Public Library

paragraphs: The Boston Public Library is a municipal public library in Boston, Massachusetts. It was established in 1848. This library is also called Library for the Commonwealth.


title: Chicago Public Library

paragraphs: The Chicago Public Library (CPL) is the public library system that serves the City of Chicago in the U.S. state of Illinois. It has over 80 libraries in the city. The system was made in 1873.


title: Chicago Public Schools

paragraphs: Chicago Public Schools (CPS) is a system of public schools in the city of Chicago. It is the third largest school district in the United States. CPS reported having 681 schools including 472 elementary schools, 106 high schools, 96 charter schools, and 7 contract schools. The current "interim" superintendent is Dr. Janice K. Jackson since December 2017.


title: Richard Lewis

paragraphs: Richard Philip Lewis (born June 29, 1947) is an American comedian and actor. He was known for his roles as Marty Gold in "Anything But Love" and as himself in "Curb Your Enthusiasm".

paragraphs: Lewis was born in Brooklyn, New York. He was raised in Englewood, New Jersey. Lewis is Jewish.


title: Englewood, New Jersey

paragraphs: Englewood is a city in southeastern Bergen County, New Jersey. It was established as a city in 1899. About 27,150 people live in Englewood. Actors John Travolta and Richard Lewis were born in Englewood.


title: Vladimir Ivashko

paragraphs: Vladimir Antonovich Ivashko (Russian language: Влади́мир Анто́нович Ива́шко 28 October 1932 – 13 November 1994) was a Ukrainian politician. He was the leader of the Soviet Union for a short time. He became the leader in 1991. He ruled for five days until his political party was declared politically impotent and on 29 August 1991 it was banned.

paragraphs: Ivashko died from an "undisclosed long-illness" in Moscow, aged 62.


title: Pietro Ingrao

paragraphs: Pietro Ingrao (March 30, 1915 – September 27, 2015) was an Italian politician, journalist and former partisan. He had been, for many years, a senior figure in the Italian Communist Party (PCI). He served as President of the Chamber of Deputies from June 5, 1976 to July 19, 1979.

paragraphs: Ingrao was born in Lenola, Italy. He died on September 27, 2015 at the age of 100 in Rome.


title: Pairi Daiza

paragraphs: Pairi Daiza (before Paradisio) is a private-owned property that has 55 hectares. It is a zoo and a botanical garden open to the public in Hainaut, Belgium. It has more than 55 acres. In this zoo there are approximately 5,000 animals. Pairi Daiza is owned by Pairi Daiza Belgium SA.

paragraphs: The parks has many different animal species. It also has many different activities and attractions for children.


title: Latin School of Chicago

paragraphs: The Latin School of Chicago is a private elementary, middle, and high school in Chicago. The school was founded in 1888 by Mabel Slade Vickery. Latin School of Chicago is the oldest independent day school in the city of Chicago. Nancy Reagan studied at the Latin School.


title: Euclid, Ohio

paragraphs: Euclid is a city in Cuyahoga County, Ohio. It is near Cleveland. It has a population of 48,920 people. It was made a city in 1930.


title: Clovis point

paragraphs: Clovis points are the characteristic spear-heads used by the North American Clovis culture. They date from about 13,500 years ago. They are called after the city of Clovis, New Mexico, where examples were first found in 1929.

paragraphs: To the right is a typical Clovis point. The length is 4–20 cm/1.5–8 inches, width: 2.5–5 cm/1–2 inches. The sides are parallel to convex, and show careful pressure flaking along the blade edge. The back end of the blade and base are shaped for hafting (attaching) to a wooden spear or knife-handle.


title: Kingdom of Sardinia

paragraphs: The Kingdom of Sardinia was a monarchy that ruled the Italian island of Sardinia. It was established in 1324. It was given to the House of Habsburg. They were eventually forced to give it to the House of Savoy. Since the House of Savoy also ruled Piedmont, the Kingdom was sometimes referred to as Sardinia-Piedmont. The Savoy family ruled from 1720 till 1861 when Italy officially united itself. Under the Savoy family, the capital of the state was Turin. The territory also included the city and surrounding land of Genoa. In Italian it was known as the "Regno di Sardegna".

paragraphs: The kingdom was originally made up of the islands of Corsica and Sardinia. Sovereignty over both of those was claimed by the Popes. While under Spanish rule, the state was ruled by viceroys.


title: Brita Koivunen

paragraphs: Brita Koivunen-Einiö (31 August 1931 – 12 April 2014) was a Finnish jazz and schlager singer. Some of her most famous songs include "Suklaasydän", "Sävel rakkauden" and "Mamma, tuo mies minua tuijottaa" all from the 1950s. She was born in Helsinki.

paragraphs: Koivunen died on 12 April 2014 in Helsinki, aged 82.


title: Bangladesh–Laos relations

paragraphs: Bangladesh–Laos relations refer to the bilateral relations between Bangladesh and Laos. Diplomatic relations between the two countries were officially started in 1988. Laos also supports Bangladesh getting observer status in ASEAN.


title: Norman Girvan

paragraphs: Norman P. Girvan (1941 – 9 April 2014) was a Jamaican economist, educator, and politician. He was Secretary General of the Association of Caribbean States from 2000 until 2004. He was born in Saint Andrew Parish, Surrey County.

paragraphs: Girvan suffered a fall in Dominica sometime in early 2014. He died on 9 April 2014 in Cuba, aged 72.


title: Michael Sheen

paragraphs: Michael Christopher Sheen, (born 5 February 1969) is a Welsh actor. He was first known as a stage actor and appeared in plays such as "Romeo and Juliet" (1992), "Don’t Fool With Love" (1993), "Peer Gynt" (1994), "The Seagull" (1995), "The Homecoming" (1997) and "Henry V" (1997). He soon became a screen actor and had many roles in movies such as "The American President" (1995), "The Deal" (2003), "The Queen" (2006), "Frost/Nixon" (2008), "" (2009), "The Damned United" (2009), "Unthinkable" (2010), "Alice in Wonderland" (2010), "" (2010), "Beautiful Boy" (2010), "The Special Relationship" (2010) and "" (2012).

paragraphs: Sheen was born in Newport. He was in a relationship with English actress Kate Beckinsale from 1995 until 2003. They have a daughter, Lily Mo Sheen (born 1999 in London).


title: Apple Jacks

paragraphs: Apple Jacks is a type of breakfast cereal made by the cereal maker Kellogg's. It has the flavor of apples and cinnamon. The cereal was invented by William Thilly and was introduced in 1965 as "Apple O's". Kellogg's Apple Jacks introduced "Cinnamon Jacks", a multi-grain cinnamon flavored cereal in 2013.


title: Esmeraldas River

paragraphs: The Esmeraldas River is a river in northwestern Ecuador. It flows into the Pacific Ocean at the city of Esmeraldas. Among its tributaries is the Guayllabamba River which drains Quito.


title: Zarumilla River

paragraphs: The Zarumilla River is a river in South America. It marks the border between Peru and Ecuador. It is named after the Peruvian town of Zarumilla.


title: Tumbes River

paragraphs: The Tumbes River ( or Río Túmbez in Peru; Río Puyango in Ecuador), is a river in South America. The river's sources are located between Ecuadorian El Oro and Loja provinces. It borders Ecuador and Peru.


title: Pastaza River

paragraphs: The Pastaza (formerly known as the Sumatara) is a large tributary to the Marañón River in the northwestern Amazon Basin of South America. It is in Ecuador.


title: Pinwheel galaxy

paragraphs: The Pinwheel galaxy (Messier 101, M101 or NGC 5457) is a face-on unbarred spiral galaxy in the constellation of Ursa Major, the Great Bear.

paragraphs: The galaxy is 21 million light-years (six megaparsecs) away from us. It was first discovered by Pierre Méchain on March 27 1781. Charles Messier verified its position and included it in the "Messier Catalogue" as one of the last entries.

paragraphs: In 2006, NASA and the ESA released a very detailed image of the Pinwheel Galaxy, which was the largest and most detailed image of a galaxy by the Hubble Space Telescope at the time. The image was composed from 51 individual exposures, plus some extra ground-based photos.

paragraphs: On August 24 2011, a Type Ia supernova, SN 2011fe, was discovered in M101.

paragraphs: A remarkable property of this galaxy are its huge and extremely bright H II regions, of which about 3,000 can be seen on photographs like the Hubble image. H II regions have numbers of short-lived young and massive blue stars formed from clouds of high density molecular hydrogen. These regions give off huge amounts of ultraviolet light that ionizes the surrounding gas.

paragraphs: The galaxy contains ULX-1 (an ultra-luminous X-ray source), which is a relatively small black hole, just 20 to 30 times the mass of our Sun.


title: Michael Fabricant

paragraphs: Michael Louis David Fabricant (born 12 June 1950) is a British Conservative Party politician. He was the Member of Parliament for Mid Staffordshire from 1992-1997. He has been the MP for Lichfield since 1997.

paragraphs: Fabricant was born in Brighton into a Jewish family. He went to Brighton Secondary Technical School.


title: Bittern

paragraphs: Bitterns are waterbirds, living mostly in freshwater sites. They are a type of heron, wading birds in the family Ardeidae. They are shorter-necked, and more secretive than other herons. Most of them have good camouflage amongst the reeds where they make their nests.

paragraphs: Bitterns form a monophyletic subfamily of the herons, the Botaurinae.

paragraphs: Bitterns usually frequent reedbeds and similar marshy areas, and feed on amphibians, reptiles, insects, and fish. Unlike the similar storks, ibises, and spoonbills, herons and bitterns fly with their necks retracted, not outstretched.

paragraphs: They were called "hæferblæte" in Old English; the word "bittern" came to English from Old French.

paragraphs: Bitterns are in three genera. The genus "Ixobrychus" contains mainly small species. The genus "Botaurus" has the larger bitterns. There is a single species in a third genus, "Zebrilus". The distribution of bitterns is pretty much worldwide.


title: Peter Liechti

paragraphs: Peter Liechti (8 January 1951 – 6 April 2014) was a Swiss movie director. He directed over 100 Swiss-German movies. He was nominated for many awards.

paragraphs: Most of his movies were shown at the Berlin International Film Festival (BIFF). Recently, he was awarded an honorary awards at the BIFF in 2013. He was born in St. Gallen, Switzerland.


title: Elmwood, Illinois

paragraphs: Elmwood is a city in Peoria County, Illinois. It is near the city of Peoria.


title: Hockey Night in Canada

paragraphs: Hockey Night in Canada is a branding that is used for presentations of the National Hockey League (NHL) by CBC Sports. It started in 1931 on the CNR Radio network. It debuted on television on October 11, 1952. It has different segments during intermissions and between games including Don Cherry's "Coach's Corner".

paragraphs: On November 26, 2013, it was announced by the NHL that they had reached a 12-year, $5.2 billion deal with Rogers Communications for exclusive television and digital rights to all their national NHL broadcasts starting at the beginning of the 2014-15 season.


title: Behavioral economics

paragraphs: Behavioral economics is a smaller part of economics that combines what we know about psychology with what we know about economics. Normally, economics does not consider the way humans actually think, but instead, simplifies decision-making to make economic models easier to understand. However, this is not a complete picture of how the world, and economics, really works. Normally, economists assume people are rational, meaning they make good decisions at the right times using all information. In real life, people do not do this. They are subject to problems with self-control, problems with time, and make different choices depending on how decisions are presented to them. Behavioral economists look at the world given problems and limitations that result when real humans are faced with decisions.

paragraphs: The study of behavioral economics really began to develop in the middle and towards the end of the 20th century. Psychologists Amos Tversky and Daniel Kahneman wrote a paper called “Prospect Theory,” which was about how the way choices are presented to somebody is just as important as the choices themselves when an individual is making a decision. Later, Hersh Shefrin and Richard Thaler created a savings model which explains how people do not figure out how much to save and spend to stay at a constant level. People would rather spend more now, because humans prefer gratification in the near future. By 1994, Harvard University hired a professor to teach behavioral economics as its own subject. Now, behavioral economics helps explain many complex things that people do. There are many applications of the research, such as how to make public policy more effective or marketing and advertising applications. Also, there are other areas of study branching off from behavioral economics, like behavioral finance, which deals with how people make investments.

paragraphs: Behavioral economics can explain many different kinds of human actions. Some of the topics within the field are:

paragraphs: Loss aversion/Prospect Theory: People are made more upset by losses than they are made happy by gains of the same amount. This is important for how people think about taking risks. Related is the disposition effect, which is closely related to behavioral finance. The disposition effect is the tendency for investors to hold onto losing stocks too long, and sell winning ones too soon. This concept relates to loss aversion, since the investors are putting off making their losses a reality. Also related is the behavioral economic concept of “status quo bias.” This explains that, against what economics would expect, people seem to like their current state more than any other state they see as different.

paragraphs: Mental Accounting: People have separate mental accounts when it comes to spending and saving. Each mental account has a different degree of willingness to spend connected to it, and people assign activities to mental accounts.

paragraphs: Anchoring/ Status Quo Bias: When given an option automatically, people tend to want to stay with that choice, whether or not that choice is what should be best for them.

paragraphs: Unbounded Selfishness: People are mostly driven by self-interest, and will act in a way which produces the best outcome for themselves.

paragraphs: Unbounded Willpower: Individuals lack self-control. Even when they know what is in their best interest, they tend to act otherwise. People are also somewhat aware of their limited willpower.

paragraphs: Now that behavioral economics is growing in popularity, and more social scientists are researching the topic, ways to apply ideas are becoming more common. If framing a choice a certain way will “nudge,” or push, someone to make a better decision, those who are in charge of creating options can use this to produce a better outcome. These outcomes can range from increasing physical activity to decreasing obesity and changing eating habits, to lessening energy use or to reshaping government policies. In the future, the hope is that through small changes, the public will receive large-scale benefits. In Denmark, the Danish government is employing the concept of anchoring to increase the number of drivers who are organ donors. In the United States, the White House has hired Cass Sunstein, a behavioral economist, to help guide policymakers. Richard Thaler also works in the US Cabinet on the new Behavioral Insight Team. The U.S., as well as Britain, has considered the idea of default options helping increase retirement savings.

paragraphs: One of the biggest arguments economists have against behavioral economics is that much of its research comes from small-scale research data, instead of real world sources. In addition, a lot of behavioral economic researchers use college students in their studies. College students have less experience than normal individuals. Since this population is a poor representation of an average person, data might show different results than it should.

paragraphs: Some psychologists argue that while behavioral economics is a step in the right direction in explaining why people act they way that they do, it is still far behind in research. They feel that it just changed traditional neoclassical economic theory, when they need to look deeper as to what is actually going on a more psychological and intellectual level.


title: Tropical Storm Thelma

paragraphs: Tropical Storm Thelma was a 1991 tropical storm. Its winds were near 45-50 mph. It killed between 5,000 and 8,000 people in the Philippines. It hit Negros Occidental, Leyte Island, and Vietnam. The storm caused also about $28 million in damage.

paragraphs: After this, the name "Thelma" was not used for tropical storms. It was replaced by "Teresa".


title: Jos Chabert

paragraphs: Jozef P. A. "Jos" Chabert (16 March 1933 – 9 April 2014) was a Belgian politician for Christen-Democratisch en Vlaams (Christian Democratic and Flemish; CD&V). He was a Minister of State from 24 November 2009 until his death. Before this, he was a member of the Parliament of the Brussels-Capital Region. He was born in Etterbeek, Brussels-Capital Region.

paragraphs: From 1965 to 1976 he was an alderman of Meise.

paragraphs: Chabert died on 9 April 2014 in Brussels, aged 81.


title: Emilee Wallace

paragraphs: Emilee Wallace (born September 19, 1989) is an American actress.

paragraphs: Wallace began her acting career in 2005. She has appeared in episodes of the television series "Judging Amy" (2005), "Grey's Anatomy" (2006), "Cold Case" (2008), "Boston Legal" (2008), "Glee" (2009, 2013), "Ghost Whisperer" (2010), "Workaholics" (2012), "Rizzoli & Isles" (2012–present). Apart from television work, she also appeared on the television movies "Company Town" (2006) and "Amish Grace" (2010), and her first feature movie "" (2008).

paragraphs: Wallace was born in Oklahoma City and raised in Edmond, Oklahoma. Her brother, BJ (born 1991), is also an actor. She went to California State University (CSU) and now lives in Los Angeles, California.


title: Fred Kida

paragraphs: Fred Kida (December 12, 1920 – April 3, 2014) was an American comic book and comic strip artist. He was best known for the 1940s aviator hero Airboy and his antagonist and sometime ally Valkyrie during the Golden Age of Comic Books. He was born in Brooklyn, New York City, New York.

paragraphs: Kida died from natural causes on April 3, 2014, aged 93.


title: Gene Kiniski

paragraphs: Eugene Nicholas "Gene" Kiniski (November 23, 1928 – April 14, 2010) was a Canadian professional wrestler and actor. He became one of the first World Champions in professional wrestling to have a former background in football, after Bronko Nagurski. Kiniski is best known for his time in many different NWA-owned territories where he won multiple championships.

paragraphs: Before starting his wrestling career, Kiniski played football with the Edmonton Eskimos of the Canadian Football League (CFL). On his team, Kiniski was joined by future professional wrestlers Wilbur Snyder and Joe Blanchard. Al Oeming and Stu Hart were at the Eskimos training camp when Kiniski was trying out for the team. Kiniski had a lengthy stint in the World Wide Wrestling Federation (WWWF) in 1964. During his time in the WWWF, Kiniski had matches against Bruno Sammartino and they had a match at Madison Square Garden on November 16, 1964. After he Kiniski thought he had pinned Sammartino on the second fall, he took the championship and left. He was counted out be kept the championship until they had a rematch on December 14.

paragraphs: On April 4, 2010, Jim Ross announced on his blog that Kiniski had "taken a turn for the worse and is battling to stay alive. 'Big Thunder's' cancer has spread to his brain and some speculate that is just a matter of time (before he dies)" Kiniski died on April 14, 2010 in Blaine, Washington.


title: Harry Melling (actor)

paragraphs: Harry Edward Melling (born 13 March 1989) is an English actor. He is best known for playing Dudley Dursley in the Harry Potter films.

paragraphs: Melling was born in London. He became a member of the Millfield Theatre Youth Drama Group when he turned 9.

paragraphs: Melling appeared in five of the Harry Potter films as Harry Potter's cousin Dudley Dursley. After the Harry Potter films ended Melling went to Lamda drama school.


title: Scott Walker (singer)

paragraphs: Scott Walker (born Noel Scott Engel; January 9, 1943 – March 22, 2019) was an American-born British singer and record producer. He was born in Hamilton, Ohio. He became famous as the lead singer of the pop group The Walker Brothers in the 1960s. After The Walkers Brothers, broke up Walker released albums on his own. Walker was signed to 4AD Records. From 1965, he lived in the United Kingdom. He was an only child. On February 25, 2009, there was a tribute concert to Walker's music in Los Angeles.

paragraphs: Walker died at the age of 76 in London on March 22, 2019 from cancer.


title: Fine Wind, Clear Morning

paragraphs: Fine Wind, Clear Morning (also known as South Wind, Clear Sky and Red Fuji) is a woodblock print made by Hokusai.

paragraphs: The art work was printed somewhere between 1830 and 1832 which was during the Edo period. It is the second print in the series, Thirty-six Views of Mount Fuji. It shows that in early autumn when the wind is southerly and when the sky is clear, the rising sun can turn Mount Fuji red.


title: Fred Ho

paragraphs: Fred Ho (; born Fred Wei-han Houn; August 10, 1957 – April 12, 2014) was an American jazz baritone saxophonist, composer, bandleader, playwright, writer, and social activist. He was known for his place in the African-American and Asian-American music movement. He was born in Palo Alto, California.

paragraphs: Ho died after a long battle with colorectal cancer at his home in Brooklyn, New York City. He was 56.


title: Alton Towers

paragraphs: Alton Towers is a theme park in Staffordshire, England. It is near the town Alton.

paragraphs: It has seven large roller coasters and three smaller roller coasters.


title: The History Boys

paragraphs: The History Boys is a play by Alan Bennett. It was first shown on 18 May 2004 in London at the Royal National Theatre. It was first shown on Broadway on 23 April 2006 at the Broadhurst Theatre.

paragraphs: The play starts in Cutlers' Grammar School in Sheffield. It is set in the early 1980s.


title: Scott Putesky

paragraphs: Scott Mitchell Putesky (April 28, 1968 – October 22, 2017), more famously known as Daisy Berkowitz, was an American musician. He was the guitarist for Marilyn Manson until 1996.

paragraphs: Putesky met Brian Warner at a party in 1989. They started Marilyn Manson & the Spooky Kids. He left the band on May 8, 1996.

paragraphs: In March 2013, he joined with THEE PAUSE, to form "The Daisy Kids".

paragraphs: Putseky was diagnosed with stage-four colorectal cancer in September 2013. He started chemotherapy that month. He died from the disease on October 22, 2017 in San Antonio, Texas at the age of 49.


title: Carla Bozulich

paragraphs: Carla Bozulich is an American musician. She is known for being the lead singer of the Geraldine Fibbers. She was born in New York City. In 1993 "Happy Days, Sweetheart", the only album by Ethyl Meatplow, a band Bozulich was a member of, was released. In 2003 she released her first solo album, "The Red Headed Stranger". In 2012 she released an album with Ches Smith.


title: Rolf Brem

paragraphs: Rolf Brem (12 February 1926 – 11 April 2014) was a Swiss graphic artist. He was best known as a draftsman, sculptor and illustrator. Many of his sculptures are on display all over Switzerland in public and art galleries. He was born in Lucerne.

paragraphs: Brem died on 11 April 2014 in Meggen, Canton of Lucerne, aged 88.


title: Palaeoclimatology

paragraphs: Palaeoclimatology (or palaeoclimatology) is the study of changes in climate over the entire history of Earth. Modern interest in climate change has caused a great increase in the climates of the past.

paragraphs: The climates of the past can only be studied by proxy. Data is got from rocks, sediments, ice and tree rings, corals, shells and microfossils. These records are used to work out the past states of the Earth's climate and its atmospheric system.

paragraphs: Studies of past changes in the life and ecosystems of the past may throw a light on the present. An example is the effect of climate on mass extinctions and the recovery of life after those extinctions.

paragraphs: Knowledge of precise climatic events decreases as the record goes further back in time. Some notable climate events:


title: Ground tissue

paragraphs: Ground tissue is the name for a number of different kinds of tissue of plants. These kinds are usually classified by looking at the cell walls. There are three different main kinds:


title: Delegation (band)

paragraphs: Delegation were a British R&B and soul group. Their songs included "Oh Honey". They were active from 1975 until 1999.

paragraphs: "Oh Honey" was sampled by a lot of musicians in the 1980s and 1990s.


title: Jelly bean

paragraphs: Jelly beans or jellybeans are a bean-shaped candy. They have a gel inside in a soft candy shell. They can come in many different flavors. They were created by William Schrafft and were first introduced in 1861. Schrafft wanted people to send the jelly beans that he made to soldiers during the American Civil War. Historians today believe that jelly beans were first linked with the celebration of Easter in the United States during the 1930s. There are different brands of jelly beans, but the main brand is Jelly Belly. Jelly Beans come in a variety of different flavours. They are chewy candies that are small and gooey. There are also Beanboozled jelly beans which are Jelly Beans with varying flavours.


title: Wall Street (1987 movie)

paragraphs: Wall Street is a 1987 American crime drama movie directed by Oliver Stone. It stars Michael Douglas, Charlie Sheen, Daryl Hannah, Martin Sheen, Eli Wallach, Terence Stamp, and Hal Holbrook. It was released on December 11, 1987 to very positive reviews.


title: The Fog

paragraphs: The Fog is a 1980 American horror movie directed by John Carpenter. It is set in California. It stars Adrienne Barbeau, Jamie Lee Curtis, Tom Atkins, Janet Leigh, and Hal Holbrook. It was released to positive reviews on February 1, 1980.


title: Magnum Force

paragraphs: Magnum Force is a 1973 American action movie directed by Ted Post. It stars Clint Eastwood, Hal Holbrook, and Mitchell Ryan. It is the first sequel to "Dirty Harry". It was released to positive reviews on December 25, 1973.


title: Mark Twain Tonight

paragraphs: Mark Twain Tonight is a one man play starring Hal Holbrook as Mark Twain. His first performance as Twain was in 1954 in a college in Pennsylvania. Holbrook won a Tony Award for his performance as Twain. During this play, Holbrook tells some of Twain's stories or give some jokes about Twain's life.


title: McLemoresville, Tennessee

paragraphs: McLemoresville is a small town in Carroll County, Tennessee. It has the population of 352. Actress Dixie Carter was born here.


title: Denison University

paragraphs: Denison University is a university in Granville, Ohio. It is a liberal arts college. It is Ohio's second oldest liberal arts colleges. It was founded in 1831.


title: Rapture (album)

paragraphs: Rapture was the second album from Anita Baker. It was her breakout album. The album sold over eight million copies (five million in the United States).

paragraphs: This record was released in 1986. "Sweet Love" was one song from the album.


title: Belhaven, North Carolina

paragraphs: Belhaven is a town in eastern of North Carolina. The town had 1,688 people at the 2010 census.


title: Barry Corbin

paragraphs: Leonard Barrie Corbin, known as Barry Corbin (born October 16, 1940), is an American actor. He is known for his roles in "Northern Exposure", "Lonesome Dove", "WarGames", "One Tree Hill", and in "Anger Management".


title: William Russell

paragraphs: William Russell Enoch (born 19 November 1924), better known as William Russell, is an English actor. He was born in Sunderland, County Durham. He is best known for the role as Ian Chesterton in "Doctor Who".


title: Ernesto Laclau

paragraphs: Ernesto Laclau (; 6 October 1935 – 13 April 2014) was an Argentine political theorist. He was a post-Marxist. His career began in 1986 as a professor at the University of Essex. He was born in Buenos Aires.

paragraphs: Laclau died of a heart attack in Seville, Spain, aged 78.


title: Harvey Pekar

paragraphs: Harvey Lawrence Pekar (; October 8, 1939 – July 12, 2010) was an American comic book writer, music critic and media personality. He is best known for his autobiographical "American Splendor" comic series.

paragraphs: In 2003, the series inspired a well-received movie version of the same name.

paragraphs: Pekar was born in Cleveland, Ohio. He suffered from prostate cancer and clinical depression. He died in Cleveland Heights, Ohio from an accidental overdose of antidepressants fluoxetine and bupropion, aged 70.


title: Economic Recovery Tax Act of 1981

paragraphs: The Economic Recovery Tax Act of 1981, also known as the ERTA or "Kemp-Roth Tax Cut", was a federal law signed into law in the United States in 1981.

paragraphs: It was an act "to amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1954 to encourage economic growth through reductions in individual income tax rates, the expensing of depreciable property, incentives for small businesses, and incentives for savings, and for other purposes".


title: Tax Reform Act of 1986

paragraphs: The U.S. Congress passed the Tax Reform Act of 1986 (TRA) to simplify the income tax code, broaden the tax base and take away many tax shelters and other preferences. It was part of a set of bills known as the "Reagan tax cuts".


title: Reagan's Neshoba County Fair "states' rights" speech

paragraphs: States' rights was a speech made by President Ronald Reagan in 1980. It happened in a county fair in Philadelphia, Mississippi.

paragraphs: Many people believed that Reagan's speech was bad.


title: An American Life

paragraphs: An American Life is the 1990 autobiography by former American President Ronald Reagan. It was released almost two years after Reagan left office. The book reached number eight on "The New York Times Best Seller list".


title: Liberal conservatism

paragraphs: Liberal conservatism is a political ideology that combines elements of conservatism and economic liberalism. Liberal conservatives believe in the free market and laissez-faire economic policies combined with traditional conservative values, such as the belief in natural inequality, the importance of religion, and the value of traditional morality. In a way, liberal conservatism is the opposite of classical liberalism, a belief that supports both economic and individual freedom.

paragraphs: This term should not be confused for conservative liberalism, which is an offshoot of liberalism, not conservatism.


title: Conservative liberalism

paragraphs: Conservative liberalism is a political ideology that can be best described as representing the right-wing of the liberal ideology. Conservative liberalism is a more positive and less radical version of classical liberalism. For example, the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy, a political party in the Netherlands is a conservative liberal party.

paragraphs: Conservative liberalism should not be confused for liberal conservatism, which is an offshoot of conservatism, not liberalism.


title: Brian Harradine

paragraphs: Richard William Brian Harradine (9 January 1935 – 14 April 2014) was an Australian politician. He served as an independent member of the Australian Senate, from 1975 to 2005. He represented the state of Tasmania. He was the longest-serving independent federal politician in Australian history and a Father of the Senate.

paragraphs: Harradine died in Tasmania, Australia from a stroke, aged 79.


title: Economic liberalism

paragraphs: Economic liberalism is a political ideology based on organizing the economy on lines of individual freedom. This means that economic decisions are made by the individual, not an organization. Economic liberals also believe in the free market and laisse faire economic policies.


title: Philadelphia, Mississippi

paragraphs: Philadelphia is a city and a county seat of Neshoba, Mississippi, Mississippi, United States. The population was 7,477 at the 2010 census.