title: Priapus

paragraphs: Priapus was a minor fertility god in Greek mythology, who was also the protector of livestock, fruit plants, and male genitals. He was depicted as having an oversized and permanent erection. Sources differ as to who his parents were. Some say he was the son of the god Dionysus and the goddess Aphrodite; Dionysus and Chione; Hermes and Aphrodite; Zeus and Aphrodite; or Pan and Aphrodite. According to the myth, Hera cursed him while he was still in the womb of Aphrodite, because she was jealous that the Trojan prince Paris had picked Aphrodite as being the most beautiful of the goddesses and had given the Golden Apple of Eris to her. Hera's curse made Priapus impotent, ugly and foul-minded. The gods did not want Priapus to live with them on Olympus, and he was left on a hillside on Earth. There, he was taken by shepherds who raised him. Priapus later tried to rape the goddess Hestia, but was hit by a donkey, and this caused Priapus to lose his erection.

paragraphs: He also became the patron god of merchant sailing, protecting and guiding them through rough seas. It was common for merchants to carry a Priapus figure or a phallus on their ships as protection.


title: Mamma Mia!

paragraphs: Mamma Mia! is a 2008 American romantic musical comedy movie set in Greece. It is based on the musical stage play and on ABBA's 1975 chart topping song. It was distributed through Universal Pictures. It stars Amanda Seyfried as Sophie Sheridan, Meryl Streep as her mother, and Colin Firth, Stellan Skarsgard and Pierce Brosnan as Sophie's three possible fathers. "Mamma Mia!" was given mixed reviews, although it received almost $610 million worldwide, becoming the highest grossing musical motion picture in American history.


title: Sparkle

paragraphs: Sparkle is a 2012 musical drama movie starring Jordin Sparks and Whitney Houston (in her final role). It is a remake of the same named 1976 motion picture, except the 2012 remake centers on 1960s Detroit. "Sparkle" was release in August 2012.


title: Planaria

paragraphs: Planaria is a small aquatic genus of flatworm. The term is also used for other similar flatworms. They are fresh water animals which move in a smooth wave-like manner. Planaria are free-living. They can live in fresh water or very damp soil, depending on the type.

paragraphs: "Planaria" are bisexual (hermaphrodite): they produce both eggs and sperm. To reproduce planaria release eggs and sperm into the water, where the eggs get fertilised. Planaria can repair damage by regenerating any part of their body.

paragraphs: "Planaria" are the one of most simple creatures to develop a nervous system. Their nervous system consists of ganglia under the eyespots and a cord of nerves that run down the body, under the gut (ventral nerve cord). The three pairs of ganglia under the eyespots make a inverted U shape that have nerves sticking out to the outside of the head so that the head of the planarian is more sensitive than the rest of the body. If the light hits the animal near the eyespots, they usually move away into darker water.

paragraphs: The digestive system of "Planaria" consist of a mouth a pharynx and a gut cavity. Its mouth is on the underside of the body. Digestive enzymes are released from the mouth onto the food to soften it, Then the half digested food is sucked up the pharynx and into the stomach. From there the nutrients diffuse into the rest of the body.

paragraphs: There are no circulatory or respiratory systems. Oxygen enters and carbon dioxide leaves the planarian's body by diffusing through the body wall. "Planaria" do not have a skeleton. They have an extendable crumpled muscle that allows them to move. Also, planarians have three layers of body-wall muscles that are constructed of circular muscle fibers as well as longer muscle threads.

paragraphs: Planarians have both ovaries and testes. To reproduce, they can have sex with another planarian; this is called sexual reproduction. Another way planarians reproduce is called asexual reproduction. This is when a planarian splits and regenerates the parts that are missing. However, asexual reproduction is uncommon.


title: Ironbridge Gorge

paragraphs: The Ironbridge Gorge is a deep gorge formed by the River Severn in Shropshire, England. The area was originally called the Severn Gorge.

paragraphs: The area was made a World Heritage Site by UNESCO, because the industrial revolution started around here in the mid-1700s.

paragraphs: Ironbridge Gorge has mines, factories, workers' housing, and the transport infrastructure that was created in the gorge during the Industrial Revolution. Coke production in the area helped start the Industrial Revolution. The Iron Bridge was the world's first bridge built from iron.

paragraphs: The gorge takes its name from its famous "Iron Bridge", the first iron bridge of its kind in the world. It is a monument to the industry that began there. The bridge was built in 1779 to link the industrial town of Broseley with the smaller mining town of Madeley and the growing industrial centre of Coalbrookdale.

paragraphs: The Iron Bridge was the first arch bridge in the world to be made out of cast iron. a material which was previously far too expensive to use for large structures. However, a new blast furnace nearby lowered the cost. This encouraged local engineers and architects to solve a long-standing problem of a crossing over the river.

paragraphs: There are two reasons the site was so useful to the early industrialists. The raw materials, coal, iron ore, limestone and clay, for the manufacture of iron, tiles and porcelain are exposed or easily mined in the gorge. Second, the deep and wide river allowed easy transport of products to the sea.


title: Iron Bridge

paragraphs: The Iron Bridge was the first arch bridge in the world to be made out of cast iron.

paragraphs: The bridge crosses the River Severn at the Ironbridge Gorge, by the village of Ironbridge, in Shropshire, England.

paragraphs: It is part of a UNESCO World Heritage Site. It is maintained by English Heritage who launched a crowdfunding campaign in 2017 to support a conservation project which began in 2018. As well as repairing rusted parts of the bridge, it was painted red to match a painting from 1777 showing how the Iron Bridge looked soon after it was finished.


title: Herma

paragraphs: A herma, commonly in English herm is a sculpture with a head and sometimes a torso, above a tall squared pillar. Often a phallus was carved at the appropriate height.

paragraphs: The form originated in Ancient Greece and was adopted by the Romans and revived in the Renaissance in the form of term figures. The name of the god Hermes comes from the word "herma", and the sculptures originally represented him.

paragraphs: The ancient Greeks and Romans were very superstitious, and the sculptures had an apotropiac function. They were placed at cross-roads and on the borders of lands as protection.

paragraphs: In Athens, they were placed outside houses, temples and gymnasiums for good luck and to avert harmful or bad influences, like the evil eye. They would be adorned with garlands, wreaths, offerings and anointed with oil to obtain luck and protection.


title: 26th of July Movement

paragraphs: The 26th of July Movement was the name of the political party led by Fidel Castro during the Cuban Revolution. In Spanish, it is called Movimiento 26 de Julio, it is often abbreviated M-26-7. The name comes from the date of the attack on the Moncada Barracks, in Santiago de Cuba, which was carried out on 26th July 1953. The participants were condemned to long prison terms, but were freed at an amnesty in 1955. After this, they formed the movement. Their strategy was armed resistance, in small cells, that were spread all over the country, and were kept secret. Frank País was made the leader of the resistance in Cuba, other activists were Raúl Pujol, Celia Sánchez, Haydée Santamaría, Aldo Santamaría and Vilma Espín.

paragraphs: Fidel castro and other Moncadistas went into exile. Castro went to Mexico, where he met Ernesto Guevara. In 1956, Fidel and Raul Castro, Juan Almeida Bosque, Ramiro Valdés Menéndez, Guevara, and Camilo Cienfuegos went back to Cuba to support the cells there. After two years of guerilla fighting, Fulgencio Batista fled from Cuba, in 1959.

paragraphs: Until the fall of Batista, the forces did not have a Marxist ideology, rather they were different people collaborating to overturn the Batista regime. Later they started to work together with the Communist Party of Cuba. In 1961, they merged with the Communist Party.


title: Antiplatelet drug

paragraphs: An Antiplatelet drug is a drug that acts against blood clotting. The blood contains platelets, which will stick together, and close an open wound. In some cases, they also stick together in the bloodstream, and form blood clots. Such blood clots cause Strokes and Heart attacks. Another type of drug that prevents clotting is called anticoagulant. Anticoagulants cannot be used to prevent blood clotting in the arteries. Antiplatelet drugs are commonly used in the prevention of strokes and heart attacks. Acetylsalicylic acid, commonly known as Aspirin, is one of them.


title: Charles Edward Trevelyan

paragraphs: Sir Charles Trevelyan, 1st Baronet (2 April 1807 – 19 June 1886) was a British civil servant, cabinet member, colonial administrator, and oriental scholar best known for his administration of the famine relief effort in Ireland during the Potato Famine, while he was assistant secretary to Her Majesty's Treasury. He has been criticized for not doing enough to help the Irish during the Potato Famine. He wrote a book about the famine called "The Irish Crisis".


title: Penelope (movie)

paragraphs: Penelope is a 2006 American fantasy romantic comedy movie. It received mixed reviews by critics. It stars Christina Ricci, James McAvoy, Richard E. Grant, Peter Dinklage, Burn Gorman, Nigel Havers and Catherine O'Hara with Reese Witherspoon.


title: Mimusops

paragraphs: Mimusops is a genus of plant. It is in the family Sapotaceae.


title: Coalbrookdale

paragraphs: Coalbrookdale is a village in the Ironbridge Gorge in Shropshire, England. It is in an area of great significance in the history of industrialisation. This is where iron ore was first smelted by Abraham Darby using easily mined "coking coal".

paragraphs: The coal was drawn from drift mines in the sides of the valley. As it contained far fewer impurities than normal coal, the iron it produced was of a superior quality. Along with many other industrial developments that were going on in other parts of the country, this discovery was a major factor in the growing industrialisation of Britain. It was the Industrial Revolution.

paragraphs: Today, Coalbrookdale is home to the Ironbridge Institute, a partnership between the University of Birmingham and the Ironbridge Gorge Museum Trust offering postgraduate and professional courses in heritage.


title: Drosophila simulans

paragraphs: Drosophila simulans is a species of fruit fly closely related to "D. melanogaster"

paragraphs: It was discovered by the fly geneticist Alfred Sturtevant in 1919, when he noticed that the flies used in Thomas Hunt Morgan's laboratory at the Columbia University were actually two distinct species: "D. melanogaster" and "D. simulans". Males differ in the external genitalia, while trained observers can separate females using colour characteristics.

paragraphs: "D. melanogaster" females crossed to "D. simulans" males produce sterile F1 females and no F1 males. The reciprocal cross produces sterile F1 males and no female progeny.

paragraphs: "D. simulans" was found later to be closely related to two island endemics, "Drosophila sechellia" and "Drosophila mauritiana". "D. simulans" will mate with these sister species to form fertile females and sterile males, a fact that has made "D. simulans" an important model organism for research into speciation.


title: Nozomi (spacecraft)

paragraphs: The launch was a project of the Institute of Space and Astronautical Science of the University of Tokyo.

paragraphs: The spacecraft was launched on July 3, 1998.

paragraphs: Nozumi was planned as a Mars-orbiting probe. The mission was not successful because of electrical failures.

paragraphs: The Nozumi probe project was ended on December 31, 2003.

paragraphs: Nozomi carried scientific instruments from Japan, Canada, Germany, Sweden and the United States. including the European Space Agency, NASA and the Swedish Institute of Space Physics.

paragraphs: Canada provided a thermal plasma analyser. This was the Canadian Space Agency's first participation in an interplanetary mission.


title: Hayabusa

paragraphs: The mission was a project of the Institute of Space and Astronautical Science of the University of Tokyo.

paragraphs: Hayabusa was sent into space on May 9, 2003. In November 2005, it landed on the asteroid. The mission was successfully completed in June 2010 when the spacecraft returned to earth in June 2010.

paragraphs: "Hayabusa" studied Itokawa's shape, spin, topography, colour, composition, density, and history. The "Hayabusa" mission was the first time that an attempt was made to bring an asteroid dust sample to earth for analysis.

paragraphs: Three different feature-length films are being made about the Hayabusa mission.


title: Jessica Chastain

paragraphs: Jessica Chastain (born March 24, 1977) is an American actress. She is ranked as one of Time 100's most influential people in 2012.

paragraphs: She married Gian Luca Passi de Preposulo in 2017. They have a daughter.


title: Rush Hour (movie)

paragraphs: Rush Hour is an 1998 American movie by New Line Cinema. It stars Chris Tucker, Jackie Chan, Philip Baker Hall, Tom Wilkinson and Chris Penn. It was followed by the sequel movies, "Rush Hour 2" (2001) and "Rush Hour 3" (2007).


title: 2112 (album)

paragraphs: 2112 is the fourth studio album released by the Canadian progressive rock band Rush. The album was released in 1976.

paragraphs: The album is most famous for its song 2112, which has the same name as the album. It is a seven-part epic that lasts about twenty minutes. It tells the story of a man living in a dystopian society in the year 2112. The first song takes up the entire first side of the album, while the second side featured a few more songs.

paragraphs: All lyrics by Neil Peart and music by Geddy Lee and Alex Lifeson, except where noted.


title: Spectacled caiman

paragraphs: The spectacled caiman ("Caiman crocodilus"), or the common caiman, is a medium sized crocodilian species that lives in the wetland areas of South America. This size of this species generally can get up to between . The spectacled caiman gets its name from the bony ridge between its eyes, looking like a pair of eyeglasses. As the seasons get colder, this caiman can change colors. Spectacled caimans have been known to eat insects, crustaceans, and mollusks.

paragraphs: According to ISIS, there are known to be 170 spectacled caimans in zoos.


title: Coat of arms of Antigua and Barbuda

paragraphs: The coat of arms of Antigua and Barbuda was made in 1966 by Gordon Christopher. It is similar to the Flag of Antigua and Barbuda. The symbolism is more complex.

paragraphs: At the top of the Coat of Arms is a pineapple. The island is famous for this fruit. Many plants are around the shield: red hibiscus, sugarcane, and yucca plant. The pair of deer are for the wildlife of the islands.

paragraphs: The shield shows the sun, also found on the flag, rising from a blue and white sea. The sun is for a new beginning. The black background is for the African origins of many of the nations's people. At the bottom of the shield, in front of the sea, sits a sugar mill.

paragraphs: The national motto is at the bottom: "Each endeavouring, all achieving".


title: Saint George Parish, Antigua and Barbuda

paragraphs: Saint George is a parish of Antigua and Barbuda. It is on the island of Antigua.

paragraphs: V.C. Bird International Airport is in Saint George Parish. The head office of LIAT is on the airport grounds.


title: Saint John Parish, Antigua and Barbuda

paragraphs: Saint John is a parish of Antigua and Barbuda on the island of Antigua. It has the capital city, St. John's.


title: Saint Mary Parish, Antigua and Barbuda

paragraphs: Saint Mary is a parish of Antigua and Barbuda on the island of Antigua. The capital is Bolands.


title: Saint Paul Parish, Antigua and Barbuda

paragraphs: Saint Paul is a parish of Antigua and Barbuda on the island of Antigua. Fort Berkeley is located in Nelson’s Dockyard National Park.


title: Saint Peter Parish, Antigua and Barbuda

paragraphs: Saint Peter is a parish of Antigua and Barbuda on the island of Antigua. The capital is Parham. It includes Guiana Island and Great Bird Island. The parish is home to Betty's Hope Sugar Plantation, a popular historic site.


title: Saint Philip Parish, Antigua and Barbuda

paragraphs: Saint Philip is a parish of Antigua and Barbuda on the island of Antigua. The capital is the town of Carlisle.


Fortune


title: Redonda

paragraphs: Redonda is a very small Caribbean island. It is part of Antigua and Barbuda. No people live here.

paragraphs: This small island is southwest of Antigua. It is between the islands of Nevis and Montserrat.

paragraphs: Redonda seems like one very large rock. It is what is left of an ancient volcanic core. The land rises very steeply from sea level, mostly as sheer cliffs. There is no source of freshwater except rain. The only animals that live here are seabirds and a herd of feral goats. The goats live on the poor grazing on top of the island.

paragraphs: Christopher Columbus found Redonda in 1493 on his second journey. He said the island belonged to Spain. He named the island "Santa María la Redonda", meaning Saint Mary the Round. The island looks round when viewed from the side. In the 1860s, the island became a British possession.


title: Fortune cookie

paragraphs: A fortune cookie is a crisp cookie usually made from flour, sugar, vanilla, and oil with a short message or "fortune" inside. The cookie was made popular by Makoto Hagiwara who was a Japanese immigrant who ran the Japanese Tea Garden At San Francisco’s Golden Gate Park in the 1890s.

paragraphs: The "fortune" is a piece of paper with words of wisdom or prophecy. The message may also include a Chinese phrase with translation or a list of lucky numbers.


title: Monarchy of Antigua and Barbuda

paragraphs: Antigua and Barbuda is a Commonwealth realm. Queen Elizabeth II is the reigning monarch since November 1, 1981. She is Antigua and Barbuda's head of state.

paragraphs: Many of the jobs of the government are done by the Governor-General.


title: The Reader

paragraphs: The Reader is a 2008 German-American romantic drama movie. It stars Ralph Fiennes as Michael Berg and Kate Winslet as Hanna Schmitz. It was directed by Stephen Daldry, produced by Anthony Minghella and Sydney Pollack and written by David Hare. It is based on a 1995 German novel. "The Reader" was nominated for many Academy Awards, including a Best Picture nomination. Winslet won an Academy Award, a BAFTA Award and a Golden Globe Award for her role.


title: Rachel Getting Married

paragraphs: Rachel Getting Married is a 2008 American drama movie about a drug addict attending her sister's wedding. Anne Hathaway stars. This drama got limited released on 3 October, 2008.


title: Shiretoko National Park

paragraphs: The word "Shiretoko" is comes from an Ainu word """". It means "end of the Earth".

paragraphs: Shiretoko National Park was established in 1964.

paragraphs: In 2005, UNESCO named the area a World Heritage Site. UNESCO also suggested that Japan should work with Russia to make an international "World Heritage Peace Park" including the Kuril Islands. Both Japan and Russia claim these islands as part of their countries.

paragraphs: Shiretoko is hard to get to. Visitors must go to most places on foot or by boat. There is a hot springs waterfall called . "" means "water of the gods" in Ainu.

paragraphs: The park forests are temperate and subalpine. There are several different types of trees. The most common trees here are Sakhalin fir, Erman's birch, and Mongolian oak.

paragraphs: The park has Japan's largest mammal species of Ezo brown bears.


title: Billy Tipton

paragraphs: "This is about the American musician. For other people called Tipton, see Tipton (disambiguation)."

paragraphs: Billy Lee Tipton (December 29, 1914 – January 21, 1989) was an American jazz musician and bandleader. Tipton had been assigned female gender at birth.

paragraphs: Tipton was born in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma and grew up in Kansas City, Missouri. His aunt raised him after his parents' divorced. He became interested in music in high school, especially jazz. He studied piano and saxophone. He went back to Oklahoma for his last year of high school and joined the school band there. His nickname in high school was "Tippy".

paragraphs: Tipton later took his father's nickname, Billy, when he started a music career. He also began to try to appear to be male by dressing to hide his breasts. At first, Tipton only behaved as a male while performing. However, by 1940 Tipton was living as a man all the time. Very few people knew both sides of his life. They were two of his female cousins and maybe his later lovers.

paragraphs: In 1936, Tipton lead a band playing on the radio station, KFXR. In 1938, Tipton joined Louvenie’s Western Swingbillies. This band played on another rado station, KTOK, and at Brown's Tavern. In 1940, Tipton was touring the Midwest and playing at dances with Scott Cameron's band. Starting in 1941, he played for two and a half years at Joplin, Missouri's Cotton Club with George Meyer's band. He then toured for a time with Ross Carlyle. Later, he played for two years in Texas.

paragraphs: In 1949, Tipton began touring the Pacific Northwest with George Meyer. A local radio station recorded the band's appearances at Roseburg, Oregon's Shalimar Room. Recordings of Tipton's early playing include "If I Knew Then" and "Sophisticated Swing". The band was well known for the song "Flying Home". They played the song like Benny Goodman's band did.

paragraphs: George Meyer's band became more successful, and they began getting better chances to perform. They played with The Ink Spots, the Delta Rhythm Boys, and Billy Eckstine at the Boulevard Club in Coeur d'Alene, Idaho.

paragraphs: Tipton began playing piano alone at the Elks club in Longview, Washington. In Longview, he started the Billy Tipton Trio. This band was Tipton on piano, Dick O'Neil on drums, and Kenny Richards (and later Ron Kilde) on bass. The trio became popular in the area.

paragraphs: A talent scout from Tops Records heard them play at King's Supper Club in Santa Barbara, California and got them a contract to record songs. The Billy Tipton Trio made two albums of jazz standards for Tops, "Sweet Georgia Brown" and "Billy Tipton Plays Hi-Fi on Piano", in 1957. The albums sold 17,678 copies. This was a good number for a small independent record label.

paragraphs: After the albums' success, the Holiday Hotel in Reno, Nevada asked them to become play there regularly. Tops Records asked the trio to record four more albums. Tipton said no both offers. Instead, he moved to Spokane, Washington worked as an agent. The trio played every week at Allen's Tin Pan Alley as the house band. He played mainly swing standards and less jazz, even though he preferred jazz. His performances also included skits like vaudeville performers did. He imitated celebrities like Liberace and Elvis Presley. In some of these comedy skits, he played a little girl. He helped young musicians at the Dave Sobol Theatrical Agency.

paragraphs: In the late 1970s, Tipton's arthritis got worse and he had to retire from music.

paragraphs: Early in his career, Tipton appeared as a male only as a musician. He appeared as a woman at other times. He lived with a woman named Non Earl Harrell. Other musicians thought this was a lesbian relationship. The relationship ended in 1942. Tipton's next relationship was with a singer known only as "June". This lasted for several years.

paragraphs: Then, or seven years, Tipton lived with a young woman named Betty Cox. She was 19 when they started their relationship. Cox said they had a heterosexual relationship. Betty remembered Tipton as "the most fantastic love of my life." Tipton kept the secret of his physical sexual characteristics a secret from Betty with a story. Tipton said that he had been in a serious car accident which had badly damaged his genitals and broken some ribs. He said he had to wear bandages protect his damaged chest. He told his female partners this story later in his life. Tipton was never legally married, but several women had drivers' licenses naming them Mrs. Tipton.

paragraphs: In 1960, Tipton ended the relationship with Cox. He settle down with nightclub dancer and stripper, Kitty Kelly (later known as Kitty Oakes). Her professional name was "The Irish Venus." They were involved with their local PTA and with the Boy Scouts. They adopted three sons, John, Scott, and William. After Tipton died, Kitty gave several interviews about him and their relationship. In early interviews, she said, “He gave up everything... There were certain rules and regulations in those days if you were going to be a musician.” She was taking about trying to be part of 1920−30s music industry. His son William described Tipton as a good father who loved to go on Scout camping trips.

paragraphs: They had trouble with their adopted sons during their adolescence. The couple often argued over how they should raise the boys. Tipton left Kitty in the late 1970s and moved into a mobile home with their sons. He restarted an old relationship with Maryann. He was poor, but stayed there until his death.

paragraphs: In 1989, at the age of 74, Tipton had medical problems. He said it was emphysema and refused to call a doctor. Actually he had a hemorrhaging peptic ulcer. He died because he did not get medical care for this serious problem. His son William watched while paramedics were trying to save Tipton's life. That is how William learned that his father was born female. Tipton was pronounced dead at Valley General Hospital. The coroner shared the secret with the rest of the family. Kitty had his body to be cremated so that nobody would find out, but one of their sons did not keep the secret. A newspaper article was published the day after Tipton's funeral and wire services picked it up. Stories about Tipton appeared in papers including tabloids such as "National Enquirer" and "Star", as well as more serious papers such as "New York Magazine" and "The Seattle Times". Tipton's family even made talk show appearances.

paragraphs: "Kill Me, Por Favor" is a short story including a section about Billy Tipton in Ry Cooder's 2011 volume entitled "Los Angeles Stories". Pub. City Lights Books 2011.


title: Hip replacement

paragraphs: Hip replacement is a surgery where the hip joint is replaced by a prosthetic implant. This joint replacement is usually done to relieve arthritis pain or fix very bad joint damage.


title: Slurry

paragraphs: A slurry is, in general, a thick suspension of solids in a liquid.

paragraphs: There are many kinds of slurries, including


title: Jōgen (Kamakura period)

paragraphs: , also known as Shōgen, was a Japanese era name (年号, "nengō", lit. year name) after "Ken'ei" and before "Kenryaku." This period spanned the years from October 1207 through March 1211. The reigning emperors were and .


title: Newport Aquarium

paragraphs: The Newport Aquarium is a public aquarium in Newport, Kentucky, United States.

paragraphs: In the aquarium's first gallery, nine displays show freshwater fish from five continents of the world. There are hundreds of species in these exhibits, from the rainforests of Australia, the wetlands and caves of North America, tall grasses of Asia, the Amazon of South America, and the center of Africa. The tanks in World Rivers hold 9,000 gallons of freshwater.

paragraphs: This gallery has over 500 animals in eight different exhibits. These are animals that live in the shallow areas of a water's edge. The tanks in the Shore Gallery hold 6,120 gallons of water. This includes a touch pool where visitors can touch species of the New England shoreline in a 1,200 gallon, rocky, open-topped exhibit. The Surge Zone depicts an area of Hawaii where waves crash against the rocky shore and create tide pools.

paragraphs: Florida Grass Bed: Depicts the tall, thick grasses of the Florida Keys: Scrawled Filefish, High Hat, Gramma Basslet, Orange Toadfish, Trumpetfish.

paragraphs: Flooded Crater: Depicts the Hanauma Bay, which was created when the ocean broke through the side of a volcanic crater and filled the crater with water: Lagoon Triggerfish, Pennant fish, Racoon Butterfly, Loggerhead sea turtle.

paragraphs: Surge Zone: Saddle Wrasse, Ornate wrasse, Sergeants, Sailfin Tang, Dascyilus, Hawaiian Flagtail, Squirrelfish, Arc-eyed Hawkfish.

paragraphs: Sand Flats: Depicts a sandy flat off the Southeastern coast of the U.S.: Silver pomfrets.

paragraphs: California Kelp Forest: This is the second tunnel of the aquarium, simulating a thick kelp forest near Anacapa Island, California


title: Biwer

paragraphs: Biwer is a commune and small town in eastern Luxembourg.

paragraphs: The commune is in the canton of Grevenmacher, which is part of the old district of Grevenmacher. It is made up of Biwer, Boudler, Brouch, Hegelsdorf, Wecker and Weydig.

paragraphs: In Biwer, the largest village of the commune, are every public buildings. There are the primary school called 'An der Wiss', the cultural centre 'Fancy', a swimming pool, a sports hall and a day-care centre.


title: Amyloplast

paragraphs: An amyloplast is an organelle inside a plant cell that stores starch. It is only found in starchy plants such as tubers and fruits.


title: Il Canzoniere

paragraphs: Il Canzoniere is a collection of 365 poems. It was written by the Italian poet Petrarch between 1336 and 1373.

paragraphs: Its central theme is the poet's love for Laura, a woman Petrarch allegedly met on April 6, 1327, in the Church of Sainte Claire in Avignon


title: Arc flash

paragraphs: Arc flash is an accidental electrical explosion usually caused by a short circuit. It usually happens at higher-voltages (around 300 volts and above). It can cause the electrical conductors to melt creating an explosion of molten or even vaporized metal. Temperatures can be as high as 20000 degrees Celsius. Arc flash is one of the reasons it is so important to turn the power off before working on any high-voltage equipment.


title: Facesitting

paragraphs: Facesitting is when a woman or man sits on a man's or maybe a woman's face. People enjoy this because there is a sense of submission by the person getting facesat, where the person sitting is controlling the breath of the "seat". Can be called "queening" or "kinging".


title: Jōkyū

paragraphs: , also called Shōkyū, was a Japanese era name (年号, "nengō", lit. year name) after "Kempō" and before "Jōō." This period started in April 1219 and ended in April 1222. The reigning emperor was Juntoku"-tennō" (順徳天皇).


title: Black magic

paragraphs: Black magic has traditionally referred to the use of supernatural powers for evil and selfish purposes. In modern times, some think the definition of "black magic" has been used by people for any type of magic practice that is disapproved of and thought of as evil or satanic.


title: Viola Davis

paragraphs: Viola Davis (born August 11 1965) is an American movie actress. She has starred in many movies, including "Traffic" and "Antwone Fisher" and "Suicide Squad". She has also done many television programs. She won an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress in 2017 for her role in "Fences" (2016).


title: True name

paragraphs: A true name is a name of a thing or being that expresses, or is somehow identical with, its true nature. The idea that language, or some specific sacred language, refers to things by their true names has been central to philosophical and grammatical study as well as various traditions of magic, divination and mysticism since ancient times.


title: Jōō (Kamakura period)

paragraphs: , also romanized as Jō-ō, was a Japanese era name (年号, "nengō", lit. year name) after "Jōkyū" and before "Gennin." This period started in April 1222 and ended in November 1224. The reigning emperor was Go-Horikawa"-tennō".


title: Leeward Caribbean Creole English

paragraphs: Leeward Caribbean Creole English is an English-based creole language spoken in the Leeward Islands of the Caribbean. It is in the countries of Antigua and Barbuda, Montserrat and Saint Kitts and Nevis. It is also called Antiguan Creole, Saint Kitts Creole and Montserrat Creole.

paragraphs: Islanders often use it along with Standard English. People of a higher social status use English more often.


title: Diary of a Wimpy Kid (movie)

paragraphs: Diary of a Wimpy Kid is an American 2010 comedy and is based around the novel of the same name. The movie was released on March 19, 2010 (September in Australia). It was released on DVD, iTunes, and Blu-ray on August 3, 2010.


title: Louise Lake-Tack

paragraphs: Dame Louise Agnetha Lake-Tack, GCMG, DStJ (born 26 July 1944) is a former Governor-General of Antigua and Barbuda.

paragraphs: Louise Lake-Tack was born in St. Philip's Parish, Antigua in 1944. She went to Freetown Government School before attending the Antigua Girls High School in St. John's. After graduating she went to the United Kingdom. She studied nursing at Charing Cross Hospital. She worked first at the National Heart Hospital and later at the Harley Street Clinic.

paragraphs: Lake-Tack later studied and graduated in law. She was a magistrate at both Marylebone and Horseferry Magistrate Courts. She also sat at Pocock Street Crown Court and Middlesex Crown Court to hear appeal cases from the lower courts. She was a member of the Antigua and Barbuda National Association (London) for the 24 years before her appointment as Governor-General.

paragraphs: She took office as Governor-General of Antigua and Barbuda on 17 July 2007. She was the first woman to hold the office. On 14 August 2014, she was replaced by Dr Rodney Williams, who took office as the 4th Governor General of Antigua and Barbuda.


title: Prime Minister of Antigua and Barbuda

paragraphs: This page has a list of Prime Ministers of Antigua and Barbuda.


title: Baldwin Spencer

paragraphs: Winston Baldwin Spencer (born October 8, 1948) is a former Prime Minister of Antigua and Barbuda. He served in office from 2004 to 2014. He also served as Minister of Foreign Affairs.


title: Lester Bird

paragraphs: Lester Bryant Bird (born February 21, 1938) was the second Prime Minister of Antigua and Barbuda from 1994 to 2004. He is also a well-known athlete. He was chairman of the Antigua Labour Party (ALP) from 1971 to 1983. He became Prime Minister when the previous Prime Minister resigned. The previous Prime Minister was his father, Vere Bird.

paragraphs: Bird Jr. was born in New York City. He went to the University of Michigan, and became a lawyer.


title: Area code 268

paragraphs: Area code 268 is the telephone area code of Antigua and Barbuda. The 268 area code is part of the North American Numbering Plan (NANP).

paragraphs: When in Antigua and Barbuda, use the seven digits alone. When calling to Antigua and Barbuda from anywhere in the United States or Canada simply dial 1(268) + seven digit phone number.


title: Taurobolium

paragraphs: During the Roman empire, the taurobolium referred to practices involving the sacrifice of a bull, which after mid-2nd century became connected with the worship of the Great Mother of the Gods; though not previously limited to her cult, after 159 AD all private inscriptions mention "Magna Mater" (the Roman name for the goddess Cybele). Originating in Asia Minor, its earliest attested performance in Italy occurred in 134 AD.

paragraphs: At the taurobolium ritual, the high-priest would stand inside a pit made specifically for the purpose of the ritual, a bull would be led above the pit and sacrificed above him, the blood of the bull would pour down onto the priest, showering him in the blood. After this, the bulls testicles were removed and taken to the sanctuary as an offering. This ritual was done as a replacement for the castration of high-priests, this was because castration of male Roman citizens was forbidden in Rome.


title: Gary Thomasson

paragraphs: Gary Leah Thomasson was born July 29, 1951 in San Diego, California. He was a professional baseball player. He played outfield in Major League Baseball from 1972 to 1980 and in Japanese Nippon Pro Baseball 1981-1982

paragraphs: Thomasson got a lot of attention when he joined the Yomiuri Giants. He got the largest contract ever in the Nippon league. Then, Thomasson played poorly in his two years in Japan. He almost set the league record for strikeouts. He ended his career with a knee injury.

paragraphs: Japanese artist Genpei Akasegawa used Thomasson's name to describe a kid of found art. A ""Tomason"" is a part of a building that has lost its meaning or purpose, but still is still interesting.


title: Kangi

paragraphs: , also romanized as Kanki, was a after "Antei" and before "Jōei." This period started in March 1229 and ended in April 1232. The reigning emperor was .


title: Tenpuku

paragraphs: , also romanized as Tempuku, was a after "Jōei" and before "Bunryaku." This period started in April 1233 and ended in November 1234. The reigning emperor was .


title: Tomason

paragraphs: A , also spelled Thomason and Thomasson in English, is a kind of conceptual art or found art. Gempei Akasegawa created this word to describe certain kinds of useless parts of buildings or roads. These have lost their purpose as the environment around them changed. This kind of art is not made on purpose, but becomes art when people observe and recognize it.

paragraphs: Akasegawa named this special kind of "art" after an American baseball player who joined the Yomiuri Giants in 1981. Gary Thomasson became famous in Japan for getting the biggest baseball contract ever, then playing very poorly and retiring early.

paragraphs: Tomason can be grouped by features they have in common. These include: "useless stairways", "pointless doorways", "overhangs", "blocked windows", "sealed up walls", "A-bomb type", (doors opening from a high place into open air), "outies", "poundcakes", "atago" (strange bumps or things sticking up out of the road for no reason), "premature burial" (when a wall is built partly covering an existing feature), and more.


title: Mystery fiction

paragraphs: Mystery fiction (or mystery story, book, novel) is fictional work in which a professional or amateur detective investigates and solves a crime mystery. Sometimes the term is used to refer to supernatural or suspense stories and thrillers.


title: Nematode

paragraphs: The nematodes or roundworms are one of the most diverse of all animal phyla. They are one of the protostome phyla.

paragraphs: Nematode species look very similar to one another. Over 80,000 have been described, of which over 15,000 are parasitic. It has been estimated that the total number of described and undescribed roundworms might be more than 500,000.

paragraphs: The body structure is fairly constant. A thick cuticle gives protection, and acts as a kind of hydrostatic skeleton. "Caenorhabditis elegans" has had its genetics studied intensively, and had its genome analysed in 1998. DNA sequence analysis of nematodes is quite advanced, including trees of species relationship.

paragraphs: Cell numbers in the organs are constant within a species. Nematodes have a fixed, genetically determined number of cells, a phenomenon known as eutely. The male "C. elegans" has 1031 cells, a number which does not change after cell division stops at the end of the larval period. Growth is solely due to an increase in the size of individual cells.


title: Bromance

paragraphs: A bromance is a close non-sexual relationship between two or more men, a form of homosocial intimacy. Bromance is a portmanteau word of "bro" or "brother" and "romance". The word was created in the 1990s to describe the sort of relationships that develop between skateboarders who spend a great deal of time together.

paragraphs: Womance, also called sismance, is the female flip side of bromance. It means a close non-sexual relationship between two or more women, a form of homosocial intimacy.


title: Turbatrix aceti

paragraphs: Turbatrix aceti (also called vinegar eels) is a species of nematode. They feed on the acidic bacteria from vinegar and other things, like fermented apples. They range from 1mm to 10mm long or larger. These nematodes go through a six-stage life cycle. The stages are: an egg, four larval stages, and reaching adulthood. They live about 10 months.

paragraphs: The nematode's reproductive system is sexual. Female vinegar eels have ovaries and produce eggs. Their reproductive system is in the form of a tube. The females also have a short sac-like seminal receptacle that stores sperm. A fertilized egg hatches in the uterus before leaving the womb. Vinegar eels give birth to as many as 45 babies every 8-10 days. A male vinegar eels’ reproductive system is smaller than the female’s. They have testis and a vas deferens. The testes open into a wide sperm duct and then into a muscular duct which can push out the sperm. The duct empties into a cloaca.

paragraphs: Nematodes, such as the vinegar eels, have no circulatory system. Through their body’s wall, gas and excretion waste are diffused. Oxygen from the outside environment is diffused into the body, and carbon dioxide is diffused out of the body. Vinegar eels have to live in liquids that have enough oxygen so that it can diffuse into their bodies.

paragraphs: Experiments with "T. aceti" were done to understand the cause of ageing. DNA damage accumulates when the rate of damage occurrence is more than the rate of DNA repair. Accumulation of DNA damage leads to a decline in gene expression. There is a consistent decline in DNA repair capacity with age in the nematode. A second report measured the ability to repair DNA damage in young and old nematodes after exposure to ionizing radiation. They observed that the old nematodes were strikingly less able to carry out this type of DNA repair than young nematodes. These experiments suggest that a decline in DNA repair capability occurs with age. This is the the "DNA damage theory of aging".


title: Edward Stratemeyer

paragraphs: Edward L. Stratemeyer (October 4, 1862 May 10, 1930) was an American publisher and a writer of children's stories. He was very prolific and created several children's series including "The Rover Boys", "The Bobbsey Twins", "Tom Swift", "The Hardy Boys", and "Nancy Drew". He founded the Stratemeyer Syndicate.


title: Julie Delpy

paragraphs: Julie Delpy (born 21 December 1969 in Paris) is a French-American director and movie actress. She has performed in and directed many movies during her career. She moved to the United States around 1990. She is a dual citizen of France and the United States.


title: Bunryaku

paragraphs: , also romanized as Bunreki, was a after "Tenpuku" and before "Katei." This period started in November 1234 and ended in September 1235. The reigning emperor was .


title: Ribalonga

paragraphs: Ribalonga (from the Gallician "riba" - 'climb' and "longa" - 'long') is a Portuguese parish in the north of the Municipality of Alijó, in ‘Trás-dos-montes’ (‘behind the hills’). It has a population of 231 (2011) and an area of 9,15 km2 (density : 25,2/km2). Its patron saint is Saint Anna, mother of Saint Mary and therefore, grandmother of Jesus.

paragraphs: The Castle of Ribalonga was a fortress that probably began to be inhabited on the Iron Age and continued on the Ancient Rome.

paragraphs: Ribalonga belonged on the 13th century to the parish of Vila Chã, on 1839 to Vila Real, on 1852 to Vilar de Maçada and on 1872 to Alijó.

paragraphs: The legend tells that in the year 2000, a man of the family Sampaio, whose descendants still live in the village, coming from the fair of Vilar de Maçada, brought with him some meat. Suddenly, he was followed by a pack of wolves and he became very scared, because he realized that the wolves were very hungry. When he arrived near the village, the wolves began to close the circle. When he saw himself lost, he got off his horse and knelt and asked the Lord of the Afflicted to save him from the wolves. At this moment, the dogs in the house of Mr. Sampaio began barking anxiously and the wife of the man let them go. They ran fast to the place where the man was and drove the wolves away. In recognition, he built a cross where he asked the Lord to help. A few days later, one of the dogs appeared, all hurt.

paragraphs: This cross can be seen today, a little bit degraded, on the place that has the name "Red Cross" and that is in the South of Ribalonga.

paragraphs: There is another legend of Ribalonga, referring to its place of St. Ana. There is a huge rock, rectangular, with three grooves at the top, the head, the torso and the limbs of a person.

paragraphs: The voice of the people, that same voice that describes the legends word by word, says that these signs were left there by St. Ana when she was on pilgrimage to holy places.

paragraphs: The legend tells that St. Ana, very tired and seeing no other place to lie down, took this rock to rest. And so the stone became soft for her to be comfortable and cosy, taking the shape of her body. And the next day, at dawn, her forces restored, she continued her journey. After that, people began to pass the rock to go to work and, noticing the furrows, they were amazed. Nobody knows how they came to the conclusion that it was St. Ana. Was it because they were devotees? No one can answer, the fact is that currently the village patron saint is St. Ana and the hills and the land around the place where the famous rock is, are known as "Santa Ana".

paragraphs: Ribalonga borders to Rapadoura, Vila Verde, Popúlo, Vilar de Maçada, Vila Chã and to the region of Douro. It has a lot of mountains, hills, pines and it's very stony.

paragraphs: The cuisine of Ribalonga is based on meat. There are a lot of different specialities like "cozido à portuguesa" ('Portuguese stew'), "feijoada à transmontana" (rice and black beans), "alheiras" or "linguiças" (both sausages). There are a lot of fields and vineyards too.


title: Tokyo Skytree

paragraphs: , formerly known as , is a broadcasting, restaurant, and observation tower in the city of Tokyo, the capital of Japan. It is located in the special ward of Sumida, not far from the Sumida River. The nearest train station is Oshiage, which is on the Toei Asakusa Line, Tokyo Metro Hanzomon Line, and railway lines operated by Tobu and Keisei.

paragraphs: Designed by the architects from Nikken Sekkei, a Japanese company, the process of building the tower began in 2008 and was completed on 29 February 2012. Emperor Akihito visited the tower in advance of its official opening, and the opening ceremony took place on 22 May 2012.

paragraphs: With a height of , the Tokyo Skytree is the tallest structure in Japan. This height was chosen because it could be easily remembered. The figures 6 ("mu"), 3 ("sa"), 4 ("shi") stand for Musashi Province, which is an old name of the region where the tower stands.

paragraphs: It is the second tallest structure in the world after Burj Khalifa in Dubai. It is also the tallest tower in the world, according to the Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat, because there is no space in the Skytree for people to live or work in, unlike the Burj Khalifa.

paragraphs: All of central Tokyo can be seen from special viewing platforms at and . At night, it is lit up with different coloured lights.


title: Jean Robieux

paragraphs: Jean Robieux (15 October, 1925; Jugon-les-Lacs – 14 June 2012; Chatenay-Malabry) was a French physicist. Graduate from "École Polytechnique" (1946-1949), "École nationale de l'aviation civile" (1949-1951), Doctor of Science from University of Paris and holder of a Master of Science from the California Institute of Technology, he is a leading French specialist in laser.

paragraphs: He is a member of the French Academy of Sciences and of the "Académie des Technologies" (Academy of Technologies).

paragraphs: Jean Robieux is responsible for the discovery of the principle of control of laser fusion in 1961 and the discovery of the principle of laser isotope separation. All contributions are outlined in his book « High Power Laser Interactions : Isotopes Separation - Nuclear Fusion Control - Elementary Particles Selective Creation ».


title: Grevenmacher

paragraphs: Grevenmacher () is a commune with city status in eastern Luxembourg, near the border with Germany.

paragraphs: Grevenmacher is the capital city of the Grevenmacher canton and of the district of Grevenmacher. The city is on the left bank of the Moselle river.

paragraphs: The name Grevenmacher is formed by two words: "Greven" and "Macher". "Macher" comes from the Latin word "maceria" ("very old walls"); "Greven" comes from the old German word "Grafen" (modern German: "Graf") that means "count, earl". The town "Macher of the Count" was, since 1346, different from other "Machern" found in the region: Königsmacher, Kleinmacher, Rodemacher, Mecher, Mézières etc. The present name of Grevenmacher has been in use since 1769.

paragraphs: The valley of the Moselle, which owes its wealth to the fact that it is close to the water and it has fertile land, was settled long before the Roman era. As for Grevenmacher, the first town was behind the Holy Cross Chapel at the place called "Buerggruef", not far from the Roman road to the city of Luxembourg.

paragraphs: A few centuries later, the Counts of Luxembourg chose a safe place to protect their land against the powerful archbishops of Trier. They found it in Grevenmacher, that was the place where the road going from the city of Luxembourg to Trier meet with the one going from Trier to Thionville. Here a strong fortress was built, probably on the orders of Count Henry V. In 1252, this same count made Grevenmacher a city.

paragraphs: The "commune" of Grevenmacher, which is in the eastern part of the canton on the left bank of the Moselle river, has an area of , with of forests and of vineyards.

paragraphs: The altitude of the "commune" is high. At the church, the altitude is high.

paragraphs: The most important river is the Moselle (; German: "Mosel"; ).

paragraphs: There were 4,923 persons living in the "commune" in 2017, for a population density of inhabitants/km².

paragraphs: Evolution of the population in Grevenmacher

paragraphs: Famous sights in Grevenmacher are, for exampleː

paragraphs: The city has three soccer places, two in "Op Floor" (there is also the stadium from the CSG, the soccer club from Grevenmacher) and one on the bank from the Mousel. The city has also six tennis fields, three in a hall and the other three on the bank of the Mousel. Next to the tennis fields is an outdoor swimming pool. Grevenmacher has also two sports halls.


title: Ninji

paragraphs: , also called Jinji, was a after "En'ō" and before "Kangen." This period started in August 1240 and ended in January 1243. The reigning emperors were and .


title: Osweiler

paragraphs: Osweiler is a small village in the commune of Rosport, in eastern Luxembourg.

paragraphs: The commune is in the canton of Echternach, which is part of the district of Grevenmacher.

paragraphs: The family of Dennis Hastert, the 59th Speaker of the United States House of Representatives, emigrated from Osweiler to America.


title: Ichneumon

paragraphs: The Ichneumonoidea are parasitoid wasps. They are a superfamily in the suborder Apocrita.

paragraphs: The superfamily is made up of the ichneumon wasps, (family Ichneumonidae), and the braconids (family Braconidae). The superfamily contains well over 80,000 different species. Members of the family Ichneumonidae are usually larger than members of the Braconidae, and the family has three times as many species as the braconids. The two families are distinguished mainly by details of wing venation.

paragraphs: Almost all are solitary insects, and most are parasitoids—the larvae feeding on or in another insect which finally dies. Being in the same order, ichneumonoids are closely related to other hymenoptera such as ants and bees. Many species in both families use polydnaviruses (with double strand DNA) to suppress the immune system of the host insect.

paragraphs: Some species use many different insects as hosts, others are very specific in host choice. Various ichneumons are used successfully as biological control agents in controlling pests such as flies or beetles.

paragraphs: Ichneumon wasp species are highly varied, ranging from to long. Most are slender, with the females of many species (particularly in the genus "Megarhyssa") having an extremely long ovipositor for laying eggs. The female finds a host and lays an egg on, near, or inside the host's body. Upon hatching, the larval ichneumon feeds either externally or internally, killing the host when they themselves are ready to pupate. Despite looking formidable, the ovipositor does not deliver a sting like many wasps or bees. It can be used by the wasps to bore through rotten wood, and lay eggs in grubs hiding under the wood.


title: Information asymmetry

paragraphs: Information asymmetry is a concept in economics and contract theory. It says that in any given contract the two parties of the contract do not have the same information. Information economics is a field of science that looks at some of the problems that result from this bias. Neoclassical economics assumes there is perfect information: all the actors know all the states of their environment; they can also observe what all the other actors do. Information is free -it has no cost in the economic sense. This is also true for the ability to observe the other parties.

paragraphs: A model called New institutional economics changes this: information is no longer free, there are costs associated with obtaining information.

paragraphs: Information asymmetry is concerned with three main asymmetries:

paragraphs: In 2001, the Nobel Prize in Economics was awarded to George Akerlof, Michael Spence, and Joseph E. Stiglitz "for their analyses of markets with asymmetric information."


title: SWV

paragraphs: SWV (Sisters with Voices) are an African American female group that sing R&B music. The group was founded in 1990 and had multiple hit songs between then and 1998, one of which sampled the Michael Jackson hit song "Human Nature". The group broke up in 1998 but then reunited around 2005 and have been making music since.


title: Simpson's paradox

paragraphs: Simpson's paradox is a paradox from statistics. It is named after Edward H. Simpson, a British statistician who first described it in 1951. The statistician Karl Pearson described a very similar effect in 1899.- Udny Yule's description dates from 1903. Sometimes, it is called the Yule–Simpson effect. When looking at the statistical scores of groups, these scores may change, depending on whether the groups are looked at one by one, or if they are combined into a larger group. This case often occurs in social sciences and medical statistics. It may confuse people, if frequency data is used to explain a causal relationship. Other names for the paradox include "reversal paradox" and "amalgamation paradox".

paragraphs: This is a real-life example from a medical study comparing the success rates of two treatments for kidney stones.

paragraphs: The table shows the success rates and numbers of treatments for treatments involving both small and large kidney stones, where Treatment A includes all open procedures and Treatment B is percutaneous nephrolithotomy:

paragraphs: The paradoxical conclusion is that treatment A is more effective when used on small stones, and also when used on large stones, yet treatment B is more effective when considering both sizes at the same time. In this example, it was not known that the size of the kidney stone influenced the result. This is called a hidden variable (or lurking variable) in statistics.

paragraphs: Which treatment is considered better is determined by an inequality between two ratios (successes/total). The reversal of the inequality between the ratios, which creates Simpson's paradox, happens because two effects occur together:


title: Guarani

paragraphs: Guarani, Guaraní or Guarany may refer to


title: Coat of arms of Argentina

paragraphs: The coat of arms of Argentina was used in its current form in 1944. It started in the seal of the General Constituent Assembly of 1813.

paragraphs: It is not known who made the coat of arms. At the top is the gold-yellowed Sun of May, also found on the flag of Argentina. The rising sun is for the rising of Argentina. In the center, there are two shaking hands. This is for the unity of the Provinces of Argentina. The hands come together to hold a pike. This shows power and willingness to defend freedom. The Phrygian cap is on the top of the spear.

paragraphs: The blue and white colors are for the Argentine people. They are the same colors of the Argentine flag. The blue half is for the sky and the white is for the Río de la Plata.


title: Jenny Agutter

paragraphs: Jennifer Ann Agutter (born 20 December 1952) is a British actress. She was born in Taunton, Somerset. She starred in "The Railway Children", "Walkabout", "Logan's Run" and "An American Werewolf in London.


title: Patagonia

paragraphs: Patagonia is at the southern end of South America. It is land shared by Argentina and Chile. It has some of the most dramatic landscapes on Earth. It has the southern section of the Andes mountains to the southwest towards the Pacific ocean.

paragraphs: It follows south through the Colorado River towards Carmen de Patagones in the Atlantic Ocean. To the west, it includes the Valdivia through Tierra del Fuego archipelago.

paragraphs: The name Patagonia is from the word "patagón" used by Magellan in 1520. The word was for the native people that his expedition thought to be giants. Now people think the Patagons were actually Tehuelches. They had an average height of 180 cm (~5′11″) compared to the 155 cm (~5′1″) average for Spaniards of the time.

paragraphs: The guanaco, the cougar, the Patagonian fox, the Patagonian hog-nosed skunk, and the Magellanic Tuco-tuco are the most common mammals of the Patagonian plains. There are also many birds. Southern Caracara, Austral parakeets, and Green-backed Firecrowns are some. Waterfowl include Chilean Flamingo, Upland Goose, and steamer ducks.

paragraphs: Famous marine fauna include the southern right whale, the Magellanic Penguin, the orca and elephant seals. The Valdés Peninsula is a UNESCO World Heritage Site for its importance as a nature reserve.


title: Omen

paragraphs: An omen is a sign that is thought to foretell the future, often signifying the advent of change. The word can mean something either "good" or "bad" is about to happen. The origin of the word is unknown, although it may be connected with the Latin word "audire", meaning "to hear". An example from the past, babies born with birth defects were believed to be a bad or evil omen.


title: Boyacá

paragraphs: Boyacá is one of the 32 departments of Colombia. It is in the central northeastern part of the country, almost entirely within the mountains of the Eastern Cordillera to the border with Venezuela, although the western end of the department extends to the Magdalena River. Its capital is Tunja.

paragraphs: Boyacá is known as "The Land of Freedom" because in this region there were several battles that resulted in the independence of Colombia from Spain.

paragraphs: The territory of present-day Boyacá was inhabited, during the Pre-Columbian time, by "Muisca" indigenous peoples. They lived mainly by agriculture and mining gold and emeralds.

paragraphs: The first European to discover the area was the Spaniard Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada. In 1539, Gonzalo Suárez Rendón, a Spanish colonist, founded the city of Tunja and other places. Tunja became one of the main political and economic centers for the Spanish during the "Viceroyalty of New Granada".

paragraphs: During the 19th century Boyaca was battleground of several important battles during the war of Independence; two of the most important were the "Battle of the Pantano de Vargas" (Vargas Swamp Battle) on 25 July 1819, and the "Battle of Boyacá" on 7 August 1819.

paragraphs: The Boyacá department is in the Andean region over the mountains of the Eastern Cordillera (the eastern section of the Andes in Colombia). It borders 8 departments: Santander and Norte de Santander to the north, Arauca and Casanare to the east, Cundinamarca and Meta to the south, and Caldas and Antioquia to the west. It also borders with Venezuela.

paragraphs: Boyacá has an area of , most of it on a plateau. Its highest point is Ritacuba Blanco () in the Eastern Cordillera; it is high.

paragraphs: Many rivers start in this area; the most important are the Chicamocha and Arauca rivers, tributaries to other important rivers such as the Magdalena and Meta rivers.

paragraphs: Boyacá also has numerous lakes; the largest, and the largest in Colombia, is the Lake Tota with an area of .

paragraphs: The area around Tunja, at an altitude of about , is characterized by climates with few extremes of temperature and ample precipitation in all months. The Köppen climate classification type for the climate at Tunja is a "Marine West Coast Climate" and of the subtype "Cfb".

paragraphs: The average amount of precipitation for the year in Tunja is . The month with the most precipitation on average is October with of precipitation. The month with the least precipitation on average is January with an average of . There is an average of 179.0 days of precipitation, with the most precipitation occurring in May with 19.0 days and the least precipitation occurring in January with 6.0 days.

paragraphs: The average temperature for the year in Tunja is . The warmest month, on average, is March with an average temperature of . The coolest month on average is July, with an average temperature of .

paragraphs: There are 13 provinces and two special districts in the Boyacá Department, listed below with their 123 municipalities. The provincial capitals are in bold.

paragraphs: The inhabitants of the Boyacá department are known, in Spanish, as "Boyacense".

paragraphs: Boyacá had a population, in 2005, of 1,255,311, for a population density of inhabitants/km.

paragraphs: The 10 municipalities with more inhabitants in the Boyacá department are:

paragraphs: Farming is an important activity; some crops grown here are sugarcane, coffee and cacao. Cattle raising is also important.

paragraphs: Mining is also an important activity, mainly of emerald and coal.

paragraphs: Some places of interest in the department are:


title: Phoebe Cates

paragraphs: Phoebe Belle Cates (born July 16, 1963) is an American model and movie actress. She is best known for acting in movies in the "Gremlins" franchise and for acting in the 1982 movie "Fast Times at Ridgemont High".

paragraphs: Cates was born on July 16, 1963 in New York City, New York. She married actor Kevin Kline in 1989. They have two children.


title: Argentine Antarctica

paragraphs: Argentine Antarctica is a part of Antarctica claimed by Argentina as part of its national territory. This claim overlaps with British and Chilean claims in Antarctica. Argentine Antarctica is a department of the province of Tierra del Fuego, Antarctica, and South Atlantic Islands.

paragraphs: The Argentine exploration to the continent started early in the 20th century. José María Sobral was the first Argentine to set foot on Antarctica in 1901. He spent 2 seasons with the Swedish Antarctic Expedition of Doctor Otto Nordenskiöld. In 1904, the Orcadas Base was fully working. Years later other bases were made. The first Argentine expedition to reach the South Pole was the 1965 Operación 90.

paragraphs: Argentine actions in Antarctica are coordinated by the Instituto Antartico Argentino

paragraphs: According the last Argentine national census, on October 2010 (winter) there were 230 people in the six permament bases.

paragraphs: The geography of Argentine Antarctica has some features of the Patagonia. The highest peaks are at the south of the Antarctic Peninsula. The land is under an ice sheet.

paragraphs: The region has a polar climate, with strong winds, snow and thick clouds.


title: Chilean Antarctic Territory

paragraphs: The Chilean Antarctic Territory is the territory in Antarctica claimed by Chile since 1940. The Chilean Antarctic Territory overlaps Argentine and British Antarctic claims.

paragraphs: Within Chilean territorial organization Antártica is the name of the commune that administers the territory. Belongs to Antártica Chilena Province, which is part of Magallanes y la Antártica Chilena Region. The commune of Antártica was created on July 11, 1961, and was dependent on the Magallanes Province until 1975, when the Antártica Chilena Province was created, making it dependent administratively on Puerto Williams, the province capital.

paragraphs: The Antarctic Treaty Freezed all the Antartic claims.

paragraphs: (S): Seasonal; Are open in the Austral Summer.

paragraphs: Villa Las Estrellas is the only civil settlement in a Chilean Base, the other one is in Esperanza Base (Argentina) and it's called "Fortín Sargento Cabral"

paragraphs: The only permanent Chilean base on the Antarctic Peninsula is Base General Bernardo O'Higgins Riquelme. It has been working since February 18, 1948. It is located on Puerto Covadonga.


title: Bunpō

paragraphs: , also romanized as Bumpō, was a after "Shōwa" and before "Gen'ō." This period started in February 1317 and ended in April 1319. The reigning Emperors were and .


title: Gen'ō

paragraphs: After the abdication of Emperor Hanazono, Takaharu-shinno was proclaimed emperor. Nijō Michihira was Chancellor ("kampaku"); but the court remained under the direction of former-Emperor Go-Uda. Prince Morikuni was the shogun in Kamakura; and Hōjō Takatoki was the shogunate's chief minister ("shikken').


title: Béard-Géovreissiat

paragraphs: Béard-Géovreissiat is a commune in the Ain department of France. Most of the commune is the villages of Béard and Géovreissiat. The hamlet of St Germain de Béard, and the northern part of the hamlet of Croix-Châlon are also part of the commune.

paragraphs: The commune was called Géovreissiat until October 2008. Géovreissiat is the main village and the city hall is there.

paragraphs: In 2009, 935 people lived in the commune. They are called the "Béardais".

paragraphs: Between 1841 and 1846, the population fell from 720 to 354 inhabitants, and continued to fall until the end of the Second World War. Today it has reached its highest population since records began.


title: Ampullariidae

paragraphs: Ampullariidae, the apple snails, is a family of large freshwater snails. It is the largest species of snail. Apple snails are most commonly found in Africa, South and Central America, West Indies, Southern USA, and Asia, but can be found all over the world. They are well adapted to their region and therefore can also be sold as pets and bought at most pet stores in the US. Apple snails are the preferred type of pet snail because of their appearance and size. Apple snails are also called golden mystery snails, golden snails, and mystery snails.

paragraphs: Apple snails live in water. They prefer water temperatures between 18°-28° Celsius, or 65°-82° Fahrenheit. They eat things like fresh fruits, lettuce, other vegetables, algae and wafers. However, they are not called apple snails because they eat apples. They get their name from the fact that one species of apple snails can grow to be the size of an apple. Apple snails are also common aquarium pets because of their size. They also prefer to be with other snails. They are good pets because they can live in almost any water condition, for example, water with low/high levels of oxygen, and various temperatures. Although they can live in water with high oxygen, this makes them move slower.

paragraphs: A snail has a basic anatomy like any other mollusk. They have a shell, a nervous system, a circulatory system, a respiratory system, and a reproductive system. The circulatory system has an open heart system, which pumps blood which flows over all of the organs in the snails body without veins or arteries. The respiratory system includes gills and lungs. They need gills to be able to live in water. They have lungs because their bodies adapted to their environment because of frequent droughts; so they need lungs to breathe during the droughts. Their nervous system includes their brain, which controls their body. They are one of the only species of snails that are not hermaphrodites. Each gender has its own reproductive parts.

paragraphs: Apple snails are herbivores, so they eat mostly aquatic vegetation, and algae. In captivity, they are commonly fed fish food, along with supplements of rotting organic waste, such as vegetables.. To digest food, apple snails first break up food with the radula teeth, and then the food will be swallowed, and travel down the esophagus and to the stomach. It will eventually exit through the anus as feces. Apple snails will eat most aquatic vegetation, and can "ruin" the look of an aquarium very quickly, as they are scavengers.

paragraphs: Apple snails have an open circulatory system. This means that the heart pumps blood, but instead of it pumping through veins and arteries like humans have, the blood washes over the organs, and the organs absorb it on contact. After the blood is pumped and the nutrients have been absorbed, it flows back to the heart to take the carbon dioxide away and to get new oxygen.

paragraphs: The apple snails are not hermaphrodite, like most snails, meaning that they have two genders.

paragraphs: The male snail has two kinds of sperm. One is for attaching onto the female's egg, and the function of the other sperm is unknown.

paragraphs: The female's eggs are stored in the "ovaria" which is near the digestive gland. It goes to the receptaculum seminis, where the male's sperm is stored. The eggs are fertilized here. Then, after the eggs are fertilized, they are sent to the shell gland which will give the eggs a protective shell. After, they shall continue down their tube and leave the mother's body, waiting to be hatched.


title: Lottery

paragraphs: Lottery is a form of gambling where people pick numbers for a prize, usually money. It is forbidden by some governments although allowed by others. Until after World War II, lottery systems were banned in most countries, including the United States and Europe. Nowadays, lottery is a real method of revenue in some countries, including United States.


title: Hilbert's problems

paragraphs: In 1900, the mathematician David Hilbert published a list of 23 unsolved mathematical problems. The list of problems turned out to be very influential. After Hilbert's death, another problem was found in his writings; this is sometimes known as Hilbert's 24th problem today. This problem is about finding criteria to show that a solution to a problem is the simplest possible.

paragraphs: Of the 23 problems, three were unresolved in 2012, three were too vague to be resolved, and six could be partially solved. Given the influence of the problems, the Clay Mathematics Institute formulated a similar list, called the Millennium Prize Problems in 2000.

paragraphs: The formulation of certain problems is better than that of others.

paragraphs: Of the cleanly-formulated Hilbert problems, problems 3, 7, 10, 11, 13, 14, 17, 19, 20, and 21 have a resolution that is accepted by consensus. On the other hand, problems 1, 2, 5, 9, 15, 18, and 22 have solutions that have partial acceptance, but there exists some controversy as to whether it resolves the problem.

paragraphs: The solution for problem 18, the Kepler conjecture, uses a computer-assisted proof. This is controversial, because a human reader is unable to verify the proof in reasonable time.

paragraphs: That leaves 16, 8 (the Riemann hypothesis) and 12 unresolved. On this classification 4, 16, and 23 are too vague to ever be described as solved. The withdrawn 24 would also be in this class. 6 is considered as a problem in physics rather than in mathematics.


title: Energy drink

paragraphs: Energy drinks are beverages whose producers say they can "can boost energy". This claim has to do with vitamins and stimulants in these drinks. Examples of energy drinks are Red Bull and Monster Energy. They are usually well liked by young people. 66 percent of energy drink sales are to people between the ages of 14 and 35.


title: Kellie Martin

paragraphs: Kellie Noelle Martin (b. October 16 1975 near Riverside, California) is an American television actress. She is known for playing Lucy Knight in the NBC television series "ER".


title: Mutunus Tutunus

paragraphs: In ancient Roman religion, Mutunus Tutunus was a phallic marriage deity. He is often associated with the Greek god Priapus. His shrine was located on the Velian Hill, supposedly since the founding of Rome, until the 1st century BC.

paragraphs: During marriage rites, Roman brides are supposed to have straddled the phallus of Mutunus to prepare themselves for sexual intercourse, according to Church Fathers who interpreted this act as an obscene loss of virginity.


title: Lionel Guérin

paragraphs: Lionel Guérin is a French Chief executive officer and politician. Graduate from the "École nationale supérieure de mécanique et d'aérotechnique" and from the "École nationale de l'aviation civile", he is the founding President of the regional airline Airlinair, President of Transavia France and of the "Fédération nationale de l’aviation marchande".

paragraphs: In September 2011, he almost became chairman of Air France.

paragraphs: Lionel Guerin is an environmental activist. He likes parrots. He also likes supporting sustainable aviation.

paragraphs: Guérin received the Legion of Honour award.


title: Omar Hawsawi

paragraphs: Omar Hawsawi (b. 27 September 1985 is a Saudi Arabian footballer. He currently plays as a Defender for the Al-Nassr club.


title: Abdulaziz Fallatah

paragraphs: Abdulaziz Fallatah is a Saudi football player who plays a Midfielder for Hajer.

paragraphs: Fallatah started his career at Al-Qadisiyah Club. He joined Al-Nassr in the summer of 2011.


title: True Romance

paragraphs: True Romance is a 1993 American crime drama movie. It was directed by Tony Scott and was released on September 10, 1993. The cast of the movie includes Christian Slater, Patricia Arquette, James Gandolfini, Dennis Hopper, Gary Oldman, Brad Pitt, Val Kilmer and Christopher Walken.


title: La Sylphide

paragraphs: La Sylphide () is a romantic ballet. It was created for Marie Taglioni by her father Filippo Taglioni to showcase her talents. The ballet was first performed in the Salle Le Peletier in Paris on March 12, 1832. The ballet was a great success. Taglioni was regarded as the greatest ballerina of the age.

paragraphs: The ballet is set in Scotland. James is on the eve of marrying Effie. Gurn also loves Effie. James is distracted by a vision of a lovely sylph. Old Madge, a witch, reads palms. She declares Gurn will be the husband of Effie. James grows angry and throws her out into the storm. The wedding preparations start. The sylph appears and steals the wedding ring. James runs after her into the forest. Effie is consoled in the arms of Gurn.

paragraphs: In the forest, the sylph and James dally romantically. The sylph summons her sister sylphs. They entertain James with several dances. He wants to capture the sylph, and asks Old Madge for her help. She gives him a poisoned scarf, but tells him he can capture the sylph with it. He wraps the sylph in the scarf. Her wings fall off and she dies. James sees a wedding procession led by Gurn and Effie. He faints and dies. Old Madge has had her revenge.

paragraphs: In November 1836, August Bournonville choreographed his version to music by Herman Severin Løvenskiold for the Royal Danish Ballet. Taglioni's choreography has been lost, but Bournonville's exists and is still danced in Copenhagen. In 1972, Pierre Lacotte reconstructed Taglioni's choreography from prints, notes, and other materials.


title: Muromachi period

paragraphs: , also known as the Muromachi era, the Ashikaga era, or the Ashikaga period, is a division of Japanese history. The period started in 1333 and ended in 1573.

paragraphs: The years of the Ashikaga shogunate are called the Muromachi period. The name comes from the district of Kyoto in which this series of shoguns had an official home. This home was also known as the or .


title: Jason Griffith

paragraphs: Jason Adam Griffith (born November 29, 1980) is an American voice actor and actor. He has worked on several animated TV series. He was the voices of Sega mascot Sonic the Hedgehog, Shadow the Hedgehog and Jet the Hawk in the "Sonic the Hedgehog" video game series. He was also the voice of Cilan, Ash's former traveling partner and first Gym Leader in "Pokémon: Black & White".


title: Kim (given name)

paragraphs: Kim is a male or female given name. It can also be used as a shorter way of saying "Kimberly", "Kimberley", "Kimball", "Kimiko" and "Joakim". It can also be used as a nickname.

paragraphs: Girls were hardly ever given the name "Kim" until the 1960s. Since then, it has become more common for females to be named Kim.


title: Kim (surname)

paragraphs: Kim is a surname. It came from several things.

paragraphs: Kim, sometimes spelled "Gim", is the most common family name in Korea.

paragraphs: Kim is how the Chinese surname "Jin" is spelled in Vietnam.

paragraphs: People with the surname Kim but who do not come from Korea, China or Vietnam include:

paragraphs: Fictional characters with the surname Kim include:


title: Samantha

paragraphs: The name Samantha is a female given name dating back to around the 18th century. It has been used by many celebrities, musicians and many others, including Samantha Eggar, Samantha Fox and Samantha Womack.


title: Kim, Colorado

paragraphs: Kim is a small town. It is in Las Animas County, Colorado, United States. At the 2000 U.S. census, 65 people lived in Kim.

paragraphs: Rodeo star Lane Frost was born in La Junta in 1963. However, he spent some of his early days with his mother and grandparents in Kim, while his father was on tour.

paragraphs: The United States Census Bureau says that the town has a total area of . All of it is land.

paragraphs: As of the census of 2000, there were 65 people, 38 households, and 15 families living in Kim. The population density was 211.3 people per square mile (81.0/km²). The racial makeup of the town was 98.46% White, and 1.54% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 15.38% of the population.

paragraphs: There were 38 households. 15.8% of these had children under the age of 18 living with them. 36.8% were married couples living together. 2.6% had a female living there with no husband. 60.5% were non-families. 60.5% of all households were made up of just one person and 15.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 1.71 and the average family size was 2.80.

paragraphs: In the town, 16.9% of the people were under the age of 18. 3.1% were from 18 to 24. 30.8% were from 25 to 44. 30.8% were 45 to 64, and 18.5% were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 44 years. For every 100 females there were 124.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 107.7 males.


title: Andrea

paragraphs: The name Andrea is a given name. It is usually used for females, but sometimes for males. There are a lot of celebrities with the name Andrea. Also, the name is a replacement for Allison over List 5 of the Atlantic tropical cyclone naming list.


title: Genkyō

paragraphs: , also Genkō, was a after "Gen'ō" and before "Shōchū." This period started in February 1321 and ended in December 1324. The reigning Emperor was .


title: Catamarca Province

paragraphs: Catamarca is a Province of Argentina. It is in the northwest of the country. The province has 334,568 people as per the 2001 census. To the west, it borders Chile.

paragraphs: The capital is San Fernando del Valle de Catamarca, usually shortened to Catamarca. Other important cities are Andalgalá, Tinogasta, and Belén.


Genkō


title: Chaco Province

paragraphs: The Province of Chaco is a province in northeastern Argentina. There were 1,055,259 as of 2010. The province has an international border with the Paraguay. The capital and largest city is Resistencia.

paragraphs: Half of the people who live here are below the poverty line.

paragraphs: Chaco is from the word "". It is a Quechua word used for hunting by the people of the Inca Empire.


title: Jennifer

paragraphs: The name Jennifer is a female name which was first put into use in the 18th century. The name was quite uncommon prior to 1906. Around 1969, however, the name hit number 3 on the girl name charts, then between 1970 and 1984 Jennifer became the single most popular name. Since 1990 the name is still common, although considerably less so. Numerous celebrities carry the name Jennifer, for example Jennifer Aniston and Jennifer Jason Leigh.


title: Corrientes Province

paragraphs: Corrientes is a province in northeast Argentina. The Yacyretá Dam is in the northeast of the province. It is one of the largest hydroelectric dams in the world. Also in the province are the Iberá Wetlands and the Mburucuyá National Park.

paragraphs: On 28 September 2004, Guaraní became an official language of Corrientes, alongside Spanish. It is the only Argentine Province with an official language other than Spanish.

paragraphs: Agriculture is one of the main activities in the province. Crops include citrus, tobacco, rice, tea, cotton and yerba mate.


title: Entre Ríos Province

paragraphs: Entre Ríos is a northeastern province of Argentina. The capital is Paraná. It is on the Paraná River, opposite the city of Santa Fe.

paragraphs: Most of the money for the province comes from agriculture. Products include rice, soybeans, wheat, maize, and citrus. The province also produces a large amount of chickens and eggs.

paragraphs: The land is almost completely flat. The name of the province means "between rivers". El Palmar National Park and Predelta National Park are here.


title: Sylvain Cloutier

paragraphs: Sylvain Richard Cloutier (born February 13, 1974 in Mont-Laurier, Quebec) is a former Canadian professional ice hockey. He currently is a player coach of the Hull Stingrays of the Elite Ice Hockey League. He was drafted with the 70th overall pick by the Detroit Red Wings in the 1992 NHL Entry Draft. He played 7 games in the NHL with the Chicago Blackhawks but never scored a point. He became the player coach of the Hull Stingrays of the EIHL in 2009. He is siblings with former NHL goaltender Dan Cloutier.


title: Margaret

paragraphs: Margaret is an English name that dates back to around the 11th century. The name was popular in the Middle Ages, though between the 16th and 18th centuries it became less popular. However, during the late 19th and early 20th centuries, the name became popular again. It was the second most popular female name in 1903. Since then, the name has become less popular again.

paragraphs: The name Maggie is a short form of Margaret. Other nicknames include Meg and Peggy.


title: Genkō (era)

paragraphs: The pretender in Kyoto was . Kōgon's Southern Court rival in Yoshino during this time was .

paragraphs: The oldest extant account of Buddhism in Japan, the "Genko Shakusho" (元亨釈書), was completed in the "Genko" era. The writing project was the work of Kokan Shiren.


title: Gentoku

paragraphs: Gentoku was a "nengō" of the Northern Court during the pre-Nanboku-chō period after Karyaku and before Shōkyō. This period started in August 1329 and ended in April 1332.

paragraphs: In the Southern Court, but Gentoku lasted until only August 1331 when "Genkō" started. After 1331, the pretender in Kyoto was . Kōgon's Southern Court rival in Yoshino during this time was .


title: Substitute good

paragraphs: In economics two or more goods can be classified by looking at the demand curve when the price of one of these goods changes. That way they will either be classified as substitutes or complementary goods. Two goods are substitutes if the demand of one good increases and the price of the other good increases. In this case, consumers will replace one good with the other.

paragraphs: Classic examples of substitute goods include margarine and butter, or tea and coffee. Substitute goods not only occur on the consumer side of the market but also the producer side. Substitutable producer goods would include: petroleum and natural gas (used for heating or electricity). The fact that one good is substitutable for another has immediate economic consequences: insofar as one good can be substituted for another, the demand for the two kinds of good will be bound together by the fact that customers can trade off one good for the other if they get an advantage by to do so.

paragraphs: Perfect substitutes can replace each other, without trade-off in costs, or quality. For imperfect substitutes, the customer has to make a trade-off, either in price, or in quality. Artificial leather is much cheaper than real leather, and can replace it in many situations - artificial and real leather are substitute goods. Real leather is much more durable, and has a different look and feel. When these factors are important, the two are not interchangeable. For this reason artificial and real leather are imperfect substitutes.


title: Complementary good

paragraphs: In microeconomics, complementary goods are goods whose utility is increased if they are consumed together. This means that the demand curve for both goods will move in the same direction, if the price changes. If the demand curve does not change in the same direction, in case of a price change, the goods are substitute goods.


title: Split, Croatia

paragraphs: Split is the second largest city in Croatia. About 211.000 people lived there in 2012. The city is the biggest and most important one in Dalmatia. It is often called "capital of Dalmatia". About 400.000 people live in the metropolitan region. Split is located at the Adriatic Sea. Its port ofters year-round connections to most islands of Dalmatia. There is an important shipyard in Split. Other sources of income are tourism, fishery, paper mills, cement works and some chemical industry.


title: St. Lucie County Public Schools

paragraphs: St. Lucie County Public Schools is the branding for St. Lucie County School District, which is the school district that manages schools in St. Lucie County, Florida, USA.

paragraphs: St. Lucie County Public Schools has elementary (K-6, K-8), middle and high schools


title: Mongol invasions of Japan

paragraphs: The two failed invasion attempts are important because they were defining events in Japanese history.

paragraphs: The attempts show the limits of Mongol (Yuan Dynasty) ability to expand the Chinese empire.

paragraphs: After the destruction of the Mongol invaders, Japan's independence was guaranteed. A power struggle within Japan led to the growth of military governments and less Imperial power.


title: Genkō yōshi

paragraphs: "Genkō yōshi" may be used with any type of writing instrument pencil, pen, or ink brush.

paragraphs: "Genkō yōshi" is used for vertical writing. On a sheet of "genkō yōshi", there is no pre-determined order; there is instead a system of space, which can be designed freely.

paragraphs: One page of Japanese with 400 characters generally equals 225-250 words in English. In other words, an essay of about 10,000 words would be the same as 40-45 "genko yoshi".

paragraphs: "Genkō yōshi" came into common use in the Meiji period. Newspapers and magazines needed to count characters.


title: Formosa Province

paragraphs: Formosa Province is a province in northeastern Argentina. Its northeast end touches Asunción, Paraguay. The capital is Formosa.

paragraphs: Formosa's protected areas are the Río Pilcomayo National Park and the Formosa National Reserve.

paragraphs: Formosa is one of the poorest provinces in Argentina.


title: Andrew

paragraphs: The name Andrew is a masculine given name. It was a very popular name in English-speaking countries in the 1990s. Many celebrities and famous people have the name. A hurricane with the name cut across Florida and central Louisiana in 1992, causing between $22 billion and $37 billion in destruction.


title: Jujuy Province

paragraphs: Jujuy is a province of Argentina. It is in the far northwest of the country, at the borders with Chile and Bolivia.


title: La Pampa Province

paragraphs: La Pampa is a province of Argentina. It is in the center of the country. Very few people live there.

paragraphs: In 1952, the province was renamed after Eva Perón. In 1955, it was changed back to La Pampa.

paragraphs: Agriculture gives a fourth to La Pampa's economy. The most important activity is cattle ranching. Other livestock include sheep, goats and pigs.


title: La Rioja Province, Argentina

paragraphs: La Rioja is one of the provinces of Argentina. It is in the west side of the country. The province's two largest cities are La Rioja and Chilecito.

paragraphs: Petroglyphs at the Talampaya National Park are dated around 10,000 years BCE.


title: Fatal Attraction

paragraphs: Fatal Attraction is an American thriller movie directed by Adrian Lyne. It stars Michael Douglas, Glenn Close and Anne Archer.

paragraphs: Douglas plays attorney Dan Gallagher, who lives in Manhattan with wife Beth (played by Archer) and their six-year-old daughter Ellen (played by Ellen Hamilton Latzen). He has a fling with 36-year-old Alex Forrest (played by Close). Alex has borderline personality disorder and self-harms. When Dan ends the affair, she refuses to accept it and reacts with hatred against him and later tells him she is pregnant. Despite him moving to Bedford, New York, she stalks him and uses violence. Dan then approaches the police for a restraining order against her, but the lieutenant claims that he cannot violate Alex's rights without probable cause and must own up to his own adultery.

paragraphs: One day, when Dan and his family are out, Alex kills Ellen's pet rabbit and leaves it on their stove to boil. After this, Dan confesses to the affair and of Alex's pregnancy. Beth then kicks Dan out, but not before he calls Alex to tell her of Beth's knowledge of the affair. Beth then warns Alex that "if you (Alex) ever come near my family again, I'll (Beth) kill you". The next day, unbeknownst to Beth and Dan, Alex arrives at Ellen's school and picks her up, taking her to a theme park. Beth, in a panic, drives around searching for Ellen and rear-ends a car, resulting in her being hospitalised. Alex takes Ellen home and asks her for a kiss on the cheek. After Beth is released from hospital, she forgives Dan and they return home.

paragraphs: Dan attacks Alex in her apartment and nearly strangles her to death. He stops, but then Alex attacks him with a kitchen knife. He overpowers her, but puts the knife down and leaves, with Alex leaning on the kitchen counter, smiling. Dan approaches the police about having her arrested and they start searching for her. While Beth is preparing a bath for herself, Alex appears with the knife and explains her resentment of Beth, all the while fidgeting and resulting in her cutting her leg, before attacking her. The screaming attracts Dan's attention and he wrestles Alex into the bath, seemingly drowning her. Alex then emerges from the water swinging the knife. Beth then shoots her to death. After Dan is finished talking to the police, he goes upstairs where Beth is waiting for him, they then embrace and proceed upstairs as the camera focuses on a picture of the family.


title: Angela

paragraphs: Angela is a female given name. It was popular during the 1960s and 1970s. It is now less popular, although "Angela" is still popular among girls. There are many celebrities with this name.


title: Amol

paragraphs: Amol () is the capital city of the Mazandaran Province in Iran.


title: Karyaku

paragraphs: , also romanized as Kareki, was a after "Shōchū" and before "Gentoku." This period spanned the years from April 1326 through August 1329. The reigning Emperor was .


title: Misiones Province

paragraphs: Misiones is one of the provinces of Argentina. It is in the northeastern corner of the country. Paraguay is to the northwest. Brazil is to the north, east and south. There are 965,522 people living in Misiones. Iguazú National Park is here.

paragraphs: Misiones makes the most yerba mate in all of Argentina. Light manufacturing and tourism also help the economy.


title: Neuquén Province

paragraphs: Neuquén is a province of Argentina. It is in the west of the country, at the northern end of Patagonia. It borders Chile to the west and Mendoza Province to the northeast. The name comes from the Neuquén River.

paragraphs: There are four national parks: Los Arrayanes National Park, Lanín National Park, the Nahuel Huapí National Park, and the Laguna Blanca National Park.

paragraphs: Neuquén is one of the richest provinces in Argentina. There is a lot of gas and petroleum production.


title: Río Negro Province

paragraphs: Río Negro is a province of Argentina. It is at the northern edge of Patagonia. To the east is the Atlantic Ocean. Its capital is Viedma. Other important cities include the ski resort town of Bariloche, Cipolletti and General Roca.

paragraphs: Ferdinand Magellan was the first explorer to visit the coasts of the provinces in 1520.

paragraphs: The province makes almost 70% of the apples and pears of the country. Industrial fishing takes place in the Atlantic Ocean waters of the San Matías Gulf. Hake, squid, and shellfish are the most common capture.


title: Sauvane Delanoë

paragraphs: Sauvane Delanoë (born January 19, 1978 in Paris, France) is a French voice actress. She mostly works dubbing the voices of English-language movies and TV shows in French.

paragraphs: Delanoë began acting when she was five years old. She also writes music for theatre.


title: San Juan Province, Argentina

paragraphs: San Juan is a province of Argentina. It is in the western part of the country. It borders with Chile at the west. The entire province has an important number of paleontological sites.

paragraphs: Agriculture is one of the most important economic activities, especially wine production and Olive oil. It is also an important center of mining and oil production.


title: San Luis Province

paragraphs: San Luis is a province of Argentina. The "Pampa de las Salinas" is a great salt lake in the province. The Sierra de las Quijadas National Park is here.

paragraphs: The railway system reached San Luis in the year 1875.

paragraphs: Mining is mostly for construction materials such as limestone and marble. There is also mining for tungsten, uranium and salt.


title: Santa Cruz Province, Argentina

paragraphs: Santa Cruz is a province of Argentina. It is in the southern part of the country, in Patagonia. It borders Chile to the west and south. To the east is the Atlantic Ocean. It is the second largest province of the country (after Buenos Aires province). It has the fewest people in mainland Argentina. Perito Moreno National Park and Los Glaciares National Park are here.

paragraphs: "Río Turbio" is Argentina's only active coal mine. There is also mining for gold, clay, gypsum, and salt. Sheep are also important for the economy. They are used both for wool and meat.


title: Santa Fe Province

paragraphs: The Invincible Province of Santa Fe is a province of Argentina. It is in the center-east of the country. Santa Fe's most important cities are Rosario, the capital Santa Fe, Rafaela, Villa Gobernador Gálvez, Venado Tuerto, Reconquista, and Santo Tomé.

paragraphs: In 1889 the National University of the Littoral was formed.

paragraphs: Cattle are important to the province for both meat and milk.


title: Santiago del Estero Province

paragraphs: Santiago del Estero is a province in the north of Argentina. Its capital is the city of Santiago del Estero

paragraphs: The province of Santiago del Estero has an area of ; the province is in the northern part of the country and is surrounded by the provinces Salta, Chaco, Santa Fe, Córdoba, Catamarca and Tucumán.

paragraphs: Most of the province is in the Gran Chaco flat lands with some low places where some small lakes are formed. In some low places, there are wetlands that are known here as "Esteros".

paragraphs: The main rivers of the province are the Dulce, that is known as "Salí" river in Tucumán, and the Salado.

paragraphs: Santiago del Estero has an arid climate, subtype Bsh in the Köppen climate classification.

paragraphs: The average temperature for the year in Santiago del Estero is . The warmest month, on average, is January with an average temperature of . The coolest month on average is June, with an average temperature of .

paragraphs: The average amount of precipitation for the year in Santiago del Estero is . The month with the most precipitation on average is January with of precipitation. The month with the least precipitation on average is July with an average of .

paragraphs: The inhabitants of Santiago del Estero are known, in Spanish, as "Santiagueños" (women: "Santiagueñas").

paragraphs: The province of Santiago del Estero has a population, in 2010, of 874,006; its population density is of inhabitants/km.

paragraphs: Evolution of the population in Santiago del Estero

paragraphs: The province is divided into 27 departments ().


title: Tierra del Fuego Province, Argentina

paragraphs: Tierra del Fuego (officially Provincia de Tierra del Fuego, Antártida e Islas del Atlántico Sur) is a province of Argentina. It is entirely separated from mainland Argentina by the Strait of Magellan. It includes: