title: Le Spectre de la rose

paragraphs: Le Spectre de la rose () is a short ballet. It is about a young girl who dreams of dancing with the spirit of a souvenir rose from her first ball. Jean-Louis Vaudoyer wrote the ballet story. He based it on a verse by Théophile Gautier.

paragraphs: The dances were designed by Michel Fokine. The music is Hector Berlioz's 1841 orchestration of Carl Maria von Weber's piano music "Aufforderung zum Tanz" (). Léon Bakst designed the original sets and costumes.

paragraphs: The ballet was first presented in Monte Carlo on 19 April 1911. Nijinsky danced The Rose and Tamara Karsavina danced The Young Girl. It was a great success. "Spectre" became internationally famous for the leap (jump) Nijinsky made through a window at the ballet's end.

paragraphs: In 1911, Ballet Russes producer Sergei Diaghilev hoped to present Nijinsky's ballet "L'Après-midi d'un faune" (). It was not ready for the stage, so he needed another ballet to take its place. That ballet was the idea of writer Jean-Louis Vaudoyer. In 1910, he had sent an idea for a ballet to Ballets Russes set and costume designer Léon Bakst. His idea was based on "Le Spectre de la rose", a verse by Théophile Gautier, and "Afforderung zum Tanz", a work for piano by Carl Maria von Weber. Diaghilev liked Vaudoyer's idea. He thought it could easily take the place of "Faune". He put Vaudoyer's idea into development at once. Diaghilev liked the idea of a ballet based on Gautier's "Spectre" because it could be tied to the centennial of Gautier's birth.

paragraphs: In 1819, Carl Maria von Weber wrote a work for piano called "Afforderung zum Tanz". He also wrote a program for this work about a young man and woman who meet, dance, and part at a ball. The quiet music at the opening of "Afforderung" leads to some beautiful (and busy) waltz tunes before the work ends with the opening music. In 1841, Hector Berlioz orchestrated "Afforderung". This version of the music was used for a short ballet in Weber's opera "Der Freischütz" at the Paris Opéra. It was the Berlioz version that was used for the ballet "Le Spectre de la rose".

paragraphs: Michel Fokine completed the dance in three or four rehearsals. He later wrote that the ballet was almost an improvisation. Grace Robert writes in "The Borzoi Book of Ballets" that "Spectre" is a "pas de deux", but not the sort of "pas de deux" that looks back to complex 19th-century technique and virtuosity. Instead, it is a forward-looking, modern dance of continuous movement and expressiveness.

paragraphs: Fokine dropped the "port de bras" (position of the arms) of classical ballet in designing the dances for Nijinsky. He used instead curving, tendril-like movements of the arms and fingers. Nijinsky became an androgynous character in this ballet, one showing masculine power in his legs and a feminine delicacy in his arms. Some of his gestures, Ostwalt writes in "Nijinsky: A Leap into Madness", "lent a feminine aura (an invisible force)" to the character.

paragraphs: Nijinsky's silk elasticated costume was designed by Léon Bakst. The costume was covered with silk rose petals. Nijinsky was stitched into the costume for every show. After every show, the wardrobe mistress would touch up the petals with her curling iron. Nijinsky's make-up was an important part of the costume design. Romula de Pulszky, later to be his wife, wrote that he looked like "a celestial (heavenly) insect, his eyebrows suggesting some beautiful beetle". Ostwald writes that Nijinsky's costume was like a ballerina's. Sometimes, petals would become loose and fall to the stage. Nijinsky's servant Vasili would collect the petals and sell them as souvenirs. It was said that he built a large house called Le Château du Spectre de la Rose with the profits from the sale of the petals.

paragraphs: The ballet became famous for Nijinsky's leap through one of the two large windows at the back of the stage. The height of the leap was an illusion though. Nijinsky took five running steps from the middle of the stage and leapt through the window on the sixth step. The skirting board (base board) under the window was very low, giving the illusion that the leap was higher than it was. Behind the set, four men caught Nijinsky in the air and put warm towels on him. No one saw Nijinsky land. It looked like he would fly on for all time. The illusion was helped by the conductor in the orchestra pit who held the next to the last chord. In doing so, the leap was given a sense of great length and height.

paragraphs: The curtain rises on a girl's bedroom. The Young Girl comes into the room dressed in a white bonnet and ball gown. She has come home from her first ball. She holds a rose as a souvenir of the evening. She drops into a chair and falls asleep. The rose falls from her fingers to the floor. The Spirit of the Rose is seen at the window. He steps to the floor and nears The Young Girl. Still asleep, she rises and dances with him. He leads her back to the chair, kisses her, then leaps through the window and into the night. The Young Girl awakes and rises. She picks up the rose she dropped and kisses it. The curtain falls.

paragraphs: "Spectre" was first presented on 19 April 1911 by Diaghilev's Ballets Russes in the Théâtre de Monte Carlo, Monte Carlo. Tamara Karsavina danced The Young Girl and Nijinsky danced The Rose. Grace Robert writes that "Spectre" was an "immediate success". Diaghilev was surprised; he thought "Spectre" a trifle not worth notice, but the little ballet became one of the most loved productions of the Ballets Russes.

paragraphs: Many dancers attempted to match Nijinsky as The Rose, but failed. After all, the ballet had been designed for Nijinsky's very special talents. The Young Girl has been called "the forgotten woman of ballet", and, as time passed, the part became routine. By the middle of the 20th century, "Spectre" had become nothing but a stunt ballet: people paid only to see the leap through the window.

paragraphs: "Spectre" was one of the first ballets Rudolph Nureyev danced in the West after leaving Russia. This was for German television in 1961. He first danced The Rose on stage (24 times) in New York City for the Joffrey Ballet's Diaghilev program in 1979. "Spectre" was the last ballet Nureyev and Margot Fonteyn danced together. That was in June 1979, when the ballerina was 60. He danced The Rose in Paris in 1981 and 1982, and last danced the part in August 1987 at the London Coliseum with the Nancy Ballet.

paragraphs: The ballet was first seen in Australia in 1936 when it was part of the Monte Carlo Russian Ballet program. In 1962, Margot Fonteyn danced The Young Girl as part of her 1962 tour of Australia. In 2006, The Australian Ballet presented the ballet as one of three showing the work of Fokine.


title: F.C. Machida Zelvia

paragraphs: In 2010, Machida Zelvia formed a partnership with Major League Soccer's D.C. United. This was the first partnership between a Japanese football club and American soccer club.

paragraphs: In 2012, the club was promoted to the J.League in its second division.


title: Dunscaith Castle

paragraphs: Dunscaith Castle (also called Castle "Dún Scáith", or Fort of Shadows) is a ruined castle on the Isle of Skye in Scotland. The castle is the legendary home of Queen Scáthach in Scottish mythology.


title: Park Yong-Ho

paragraphs: Park Yong-Ho (born March 25, 1981) is a South Korean professional athlete. He is best known as an association football player. He was part of the South Korean team in 2004 Summer Olympics.


title: Willem Dafoe

paragraphs: Willem Dafoe (born William James Dafoe, July 22, 1955) is an American actor. He was born in Appleton, Wisconsin. He played major roles in "To Live and Die in L.A.", "Platoon", "The Last Temptation of Christ", "Mississippi Burning", "Body of Evidence", "Clear and Present Danger", "", "The Boondock Saints", "Shadow of the Vampire", "Spider-Man" and "The Clearing". He will be in the 2017 movie "Justice League" and 2018 movie "Aquaman" as Nuidis Vulko.


title: Les Sylphides

paragraphs: Les Sylphides () is a ballet choreographed by Michel Fokine to the music of Frederic Chopin. The music was orchestrated by Stravinsky among others. The scenery and costumes were designed by Alexandre Benois.

paragraphs: The ballet was first performed by the Ballets Russes in Paris at the Théâtre du Châtelet on 2 June 1909. It starred Nijinsky, Tamara Karsavina, Anna Pavlova, and Maria Baldina. The ballet is non-narrative. It does not tell a story. It is a series of dances meant to evoke the atmosphere and ambiance of a romantic ballet.

paragraphs: "Les Sylphides" was developed from a Fokine ballet called "Chopiniana". This ballet was performed in St Petersburg on 21 March 1908. It was a series of imagined scenes from Chopin's life that included a Polish wedding and a ballroom polonaise. It was revised. All characters and any suggestion of a plot were dropped to create instead an evocation of the romantic ballet.

paragraphs: The revised ballet (still called "Chopiniana") was performed in St Petersburg on 6 April 1908. This second version was costumed in the long white ballet tutu made famous by Marie Taglioni in "La Sylphide". "Chopiniana" was renamed "Les Sylphides" when it was presented in Paris.

paragraphs: "Les Sylphides" generally includes the following musical numbers:


title: Alain Delon

paragraphs: Alain Fabien Maurice Marcel Delon (; born 8 November 1935) is a French actor. He became famous quickly, and by the age of 23, he was already being compared to French actors like Gérard Philipe and Jean Marais. He was also compared to American actor James Dean. He was even called the male Brigitte Bardot. During his career, Delon has worked with many well-known directors. Some of these are Luchino Visconti, Jean-Luc Godard, , Michelangelo Antonioni and Louis Malle.

paragraphs: Delon was given Swiss citizenship in 1999. He has a company managing product company, and it is based in Geneva.

paragraphs: Delon was born in Sceaux, Seine (now Hauts-de-Seine), Île-de-France, which is a suburb of Paris. His parents, Édith (née Arnold) and Fabien Delon, divorced when Delon was four. Both remarried, and Delon has a half-sister and two half-brothers. He went to a Roman Catholic boarding school. This was the first school he was removed from because of bad behavior.

paragraphs: When he was 14, Delon left school. He then worked for at his stepfather's butcher shop for some time. He joined the French Navy three years later. In 1953 and 54 he served as a "fusilier marin" in the First Indochina War. Delon has said that out of his four years of military service he spent eleven months in prison for being "undisciplined", meaning that his bad behaviour ended up getting him jailed. In 1956, he returned to France after being dishonourably discharged from the navy. He did not have any money, and lived on whatever money he could find.

paragraphs: Since his perfume company was started, Delon has had many products sold under his name. Some of these are wristwatches, clothes, eyewear, stationery and cigarettes.

paragraphs: Delon's sunglasses brand became very popular in Hong Kong after actor Chow Yun-fat wore them in the 1986 movie "A Better Tomorrow". He wore these in two movies after this. It is said that Delon wrote a letter to thank Chow for helping the sunglasses sell out in the region. The movie's director John Woo has said that Delon is one of his idols. He wrote a short essay on "Le Samourai" as well as "Le Cercle Rou" for the Criterion Collection DVDs.


title: Peter Finch

paragraphs: Frederick George Peter Ingle Finch (28 September 1916 - 14 January 1977) was a British-born Australian actor. He was born in South Kensington, London. He was raised in Vaucresson, France and Sydney, Australia. He was married to ballet dancer Tamara Tchinarova.

paragraphs: Finch is best known for his role in "Network", for which he won an Academy Award, BAFTA and Golden Globe Award. He died of a heart attack in Beverly Hills, California.


title: Depressant

paragraphs: Depressants are a group of drugs that depress or slow down the activity of certain areas of the brain. Functionally, depressants counter the effects of stimulants, which increase brain activity. Drugs of the depressant type are widely used around the world, as prescription drugs. They can help with the following:

paragraphs: Among the big groups of depressants are:


title: Barbiturate

paragraphs: Barbiturates are a group of drugs that are derivates of Barbituric acid. Adolf von Baeyer was the first to produce Barbituric acid, in 1863. For many years, barbiturates were used as sedatives. Today, their use is very limited in many countries, mainly because they cause addiction and people soon develop a tolerance. People with a drug tolerance will need a higher dosage of the drug to get the same effect as before. After a while, the drug becomes useless for such people.

paragraphs: Barbiturates were once used as a primary treatment for Epilepsy; this is especially true for the substance called Phenobarbitol or Phenobarbitone. The sedative side effect of the drug made it increasingly unpopular, and it is now prescribed less for epilepsy, in favor of other drugs that do not have sedative effects.

paragraphs: Benzodiazepines are another group of drugs, which have sedative properties: They make people sleepy, and help them sleep. In contrast, Barbiturates force people to sleep. In the case of severe sleeping problems which cannot be controlled by other drugs, Barbiturates are sometimes used as off-label drugs.


title: Whose Line Is It Anyway?

paragraphs: Whose Line is it Anyway? is a United States comedy television show that ran from 1998 to 2007. A revival premiered in 2013. It was presented by Drew Carey on the ABC network, with the revival hosted by Aisha Tyler and airing on The CW network. The design of the show came from a British television of the same name.

paragraphs: The show consisted of a group of four people acting out comedy sketches on-the-spot, with Aisha Tyler choosing what they would do with help of the live audience.


title: Dez Bryant

paragraphs: Dez Bryant is an American football wide receiver for the who is a free agent. He played college football for the Oaklahoma State Cowboys. Despite some minor character concerns, Byrant has been a successful returner and wideout for Dallas.


title: Pontifical Catholic University of Chile

paragraphs: The Pontifical Catholic University of Chile is a Catholic university based in the city of Santiago de Chile. It was founded in 1888 through a decree issued by the Santiago Archbishop. This university was one of the first Chilean universities taughting strong entrepreneurship starting with two subjects: law and mathematics.


title: Jude Law

paragraphs: David Jude Heyworth Law (born 29 December 1972) is a English actor. He was born in Lewisham, London and grew up in Blackheath, London. He played major roles many movies. These include "The Talented Mr. Ripley", "Enemy at the Gates", "A.I. Artificial Intelligence", "Road to Perdition", "Cold Mountain", "Alfie", "Closer" and "The Holiday".

paragraphs: For his work in "The Talented Mr. Ripley", he won 2000 BAFTA Award for "Actor in a Supporting Role".


title: Connellan Airways

paragraphs: Connellan Airways (later called Connair) was an Australian airline that operated in northern Australia. It was founded by Edward Connellan (1912–1983) on 23 July 1943. The airline flew planes between remote areas of the outback. They worked a lot with the Royal Flying Doctor Service.

paragraphs: The name was changed to Connair in 1970. Connair had money problems in the 1970s. The company was sold to another airline company on 14 March 1980. It was liquidated (turned into money and dismantled) shortly after.


title: Jacaranda

paragraphs: Jacaranda is a genus of 49 species of flowering plants in the family Bignoniaceae. It comes from tropical and subtropical regions of Central America, Mexico, South America (especially Argentina, Brazil, Peru and Uruguay), and the Caribbean. It is also found in Asia, especially in Nepal. It is found throughout the Americas and Caribbean. It has also been introduced to Australia, New Zealand, India, Fiji and parts of Africa. The genus name is also used as the common name.

paragraphs: "Jacaranda" can be shrubs to large trees. They range in size from tall.

paragraphs: The genus is separated into two sections, "Jacaranda" and "Dilobos" DC. Section "Jacaranda" (which includes Blue Jacarandas) has 18 species. It is found mostly in western South America, Central America, Mexico, and the Caribbean. Section "Dilobos", which is thought to be the oldest form, has 31 species. It is found mostly in southeastern Brazil. This includes the Paraná River valley. The kind of wood in the two sections is also different.


title: Ion Television

paragraphs: Ion Television (stylized "ion TELEVISION") is a United States television network. It is owned by ION Media Networks. The channel started broadcasting on August 31, 1998 as PAX TV, as Independent Television on July 1, 2005, and as Ion Television on January 29, 2007. , the network is available in 99 million homes through its 60 stations.


title: UniMás

paragraphs: UniMás is a U.S. Spanish-language broadcast television network owned by Univision with headquarters in Miami, Florida in the Enamorados, conquistando el amor.


title: Olaf Rose

paragraphs: Olaf Volker Bernhard Rose Rose (born 1958 in Arnsberg) is a German historian and politician. He is member of the National Democratic Party of Germany. Rose works as an adviser for the party in the Landtag of Saxony. He is co-founder of Gesellschaft für Freie Publizistik and city councilor in Pirna.

paragraphs: In 2012 he was a candidate in the German presidential election.


title: Kaltukatjara

paragraphs: Kaltukatjara (') is a town in the southwest of the Northern Territory of Australia. It is also called Docker River in English. It is about 670 km southwest of Alice Springs, and 8 km from the border with Western Australia. In the 2006 census, Kaltukatjara had a population of 355. All of the residents are either Pitjantjatjara, Ngaatjatjarra or Ngaanyatjarra Aboriginal people.

paragraphs: Kaltukatjara is located on the western bank of an ephemeral watercourse called Docker River. It is surrounded by the Petermann Ranges. From the town, the Great Central Road leads eastward to Yulara (196 km) and westward to Warburton (288 km).

paragraphs: While the roads in the town are sealed, roads out of the town are gravel and can be closed for up to a week if it rains. There is an air strip about 4 km north of the town. Power is supplied by three large generators. The water supply is pumped from two underground bores which are about 5 km from the town. Facilities in Kaltukatjara includes both a primary and secondary school, a health clinic, community store, and an old people's home. There is also a Lutheran church.

paragraphs: Kaltukatjara was originally established as an outstation in 1968. It was established so that the Aboriginal people living in missions such as Areyonga could live closer to their homelands. It was also to encourage people to move out of the Ayers Rock–Mt Olga National Park. The settlement was named "Docker River" after the stream that flows through the community. This stream was given its name by the explorer Ernest Giles when he travelled through the area in 1872.

paragraphs: In 1976, the Aboriginal Land Rights Act was passed in the Northern Territory. The Kaltukatjara community was given freehold title over a large block of land in the Territory's southwest corner (see Petermann Aboriginal Land Trust). This allowed families living at Kaltukatjara to spread out over the surrounding country and set up smaller camps on their own ancestral homelands. This movement was part of a larger trend called the "outstation movement". The first two outstations established were Tjuntinanta and Punritjanta. By the end of 1978, a total of 11 outstations had been established. There were 16 by the end of 1981.

paragraphs: The area in which Kaltukatjara is located is known as '. It contains several old sacred sites associated with the (Mulga Seed Dreaming). Part of this Tjukurpa, which is restricted to men, extends east through Uluṟu, where the Wintalyka men became involved in a feud with the Mala people. According to the legend, the Mala had travelled from the north to perform ceremonies at Uluṟu with a sacred artefact. On learning of this artefact, the Wintalyka men invited the Mala men to attend ceremonies at Kikingkura, but the Mala refused. Feeling insulted, the Wintalyka decided to punish the Mala by conjuring an evil spirit to haunt them. At Pulpaiyala, a soakage close to what is now Kaltukatjara, they conjured ', a great and terrifying spirit resembling a dingo. Kurpany chased the Mala men from Uluṟu and off across the desert to the south.

paragraphs: Kaltukatjara is governed by Kaḻṯukatjara Community Council, a local government council with 12 members. The community also serves about 30 outstations, most of which are not permanently occupied. They are spread over a large area around the Petermann Ranges. Only two outstations are funded by the council: Tjauwata, about 5 km to the east, and Kunapula, about 46 km southeast. Most of the outstations on the eastern side of the border are owned by Pitjantjatjara families. Those in Western Australia are mostly owned by Ngaanyatjarra people.


title: The Honeymooners

paragraphs: The Honeymooners is a 30-minute American television sitcom series. Jackie Gleason plays New York City bus driver named Ralph Kramden, Audrey Meadows plays his wife Alice, Art Carney plays his friend Ed Norton, a sewer worker, and Joyce Randolph plays Ed's wife Trixie. The show aired on CBS from 1 October 1955 to 22 September 1956. It was a great success. "The Honeymooners" dropped in the ratings after 39 episodes and its run ended.


title: What's My Line?

paragraphs: What's My Line? is a panel game show. It ran weekly in the United States. The show aired on Sunday at 10:30 p.m. EST on CBS from 1 October 1950 to 3 September 1967. Lady panelists wore floor-length dresses and jewelry. Gentleman panelists wore tuxedos. They tried to guess the jobs of everyday people by asking "yes" or "no" questions. Repartee between panelists and host John Charles Daly was witty, tasteful, and sophisticated. Regular panelists included Dorothy Kilgallen, Arlene Francis, and Bennett Cerf. A chair was open for a guest panelist. The high point of the program was the Mystery Guest. This guest was usually a well-known celebrity such as a Broadway or movie star. Sometimes the Mystery Guest was a little known person in the news such as an astronaut. Panelists wore blindfolds and tried to guess who the Mystery Guest was by asking "yes" or "no" questions. Mystery Guests changed their voices to make it hard for the panelists to know who they were. Baseball great Mickey Mantle, movie star Zsa Zsa Gabor, and future President of the United States Ronald Reagan were three of the many Mystery Guests. "What's My Line?"' won three Emmy Awards for "Best Quiz or Audience Participation Show", in 1952, 1953, and 1958. The show won a Golden Globe for "Best TV Show" in 1962. CBS stopped broadcasting the program in 1967. It returned in syndication as a daily program. This program was shown from 1968 until 1975. There have been several international versions, radio versions, and a live stage version. It is the longest-running U.S. primetime network television game program (51st).


title: Queen for a Day

paragraphs: Queen for a Day was a radio and television game series. It was one of the first big-prize giveaway television programs. "Queen for a Day" had its launch on the radio on April 30, 1945. It ran on the radio until 1957. The program then ran on television's NBC from 1956 to 1964. The program is something of an early "reality show". The program was so popular that NBC increased its running time from 30 minutes to 45 minutes.

paragraphs: The format was simple. Host Jack Bailey interviewed four women contestants. Each told of her personal troubles. These troubles might involve a terminally sick child at home, a husband disabled and out of work, or the need for a hearing aid or a new washing machine. The audience chose the winner by applauding their favorite. She who received the greatest amount of applause as registered by the "applause meter" was Queen for a Day. The winner was crowned, escorted by attendants to a throne, and given not only what she wanted, but juicy prizes like high-end appliances, upscale fashions, and exotic vacation trips as well. Mark Evanier, veteran television writer, writes that "Queen for a Day" was "one of the most ghastly shows ever produced" and further stated it was "tasteless, demeaning to women, demeaning to anyone who watched it, cheap, insulting and utterly degrading to the human spirit."


title: Handicraft

paragraphs: Handicraft is a type of craft where people make things using only their hands or basic tools. The items are usually decorative and have a particular use. Usually the term refers to traditional methods of making things.

paragraphs: The items often have cultural or religious value. Things made by mass production or machines are not handicraft goods.In Bangladesh we can see many handicrafters living there live only by making handicrafts objects. Also, handicraft things are different from "arts and crafts" because they are meant to be used for something. Handicraft items are generally contrasted with mass production . It stimulates a person's creativity through art . Not only that,it enhances a person's thinking power . It has been protecting our culture in many ways and will further help preserve culture in the future through practice.


title: Margo Martindale

paragraphs: Margo Martindale (born July 18, 1951) is an Emmy Award winning American actress. She was born in Jacksonville, Texas. She has acted in many movies, stage plays and TV series.

paragraphs: In 2011, She won the Emmy Award for "Outstanding Supporting Actress In A Drama Series" for her acting as Mags Bennett on the TV series "Justified".


title: Dawan Landry

paragraphs: Dawan Landry (born December 30, 1982) is an American football player. He plays strong safety for the Jacksonville Jaguars of the National Football League. He played college football for the Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets. He was drafted by the Baltimore Ravens in 2006, and has had a relatively successful career with Baltimore and Jacksonville. Landry missed most of 2008 with an injury, but that was the only season in which he did not play in all 16 games. He had 5 interceptions in 2006 (one toutchdown), four interceptions and a touchdown in 2009, a score in 2010, and two interceptions in 2011. Landry also came in second for the Ravens in 2010 with 111 tackles.


title: Quarterback sack

paragraphs: A quarterback sack is a move in American football. A defender rushes past the line of scrimmage and tackles the quarterback for a loss of yardage. In the National Football League, New York Giants defensive end Michael Strahan made 22.5 sacks in the 2002 season alone, which remains a record.


title: Tackle (football)

paragraphs: A tackle in football is a defensive move in various types of football. It aims to stop an opponent who is running with the ball.

paragraphs: In English style rugby football it means bringing down an opponent running with the ball. It is done by diving and catching the runners' legs. Outlawed as dangerous are tackles round the neck, and less effective tackles are round the runner's body. In practice there are variations, such as shoving an opponent running with the ball into touch (out of the field of play). There are some differences between Rugby Union and Rugby League as to the events after the tackle.

paragraphs: In soccer, tackles are done with the feet around or against the opponent's feet. To be legal the opponent must have control of the ball at the time. Since soccer is a high-speed game, various rules protect the man running with the ball. However, from 2017, tackles from any direction that endanger an opponent's safety may result in the offender being sent-off. This includes "scissoring" which is likely to be punished with a send-off (red card), as it poses a high risk of severe knee injury to the player being tackled. A "studs up" tackle may be dangerous. Referees may caution (yellow card) players who commit such challenges.

paragraphs: In American and Canadian football to tackle is to obstruct (physically interfere) the forward progress of a player in possession of the ball. In any such case, the ball becomes dead, the down is over, and play ceases until the beginning of the next play.


title: Releaser

paragraphs: A releaser is a stimulus from one animal to another, which causes a particular response. The releaser, or sign stimulus triggers an innate releasing mechanism in the receiver. The receiver then does its response, the fixed action pattern (FAP).

paragraphs: This kind of system is inherited by both animals. Example: a fledgling bird does its releaser, say it squawks and opens its beak wide, showing bright red inside throat. This triggers the adult to cough up food stored in its gullet. Both 'partners' are behaving instinctually with inherited behaviours: these are not learnt during life. A FAP can truly be said to be 'hard-wired': a specific stimulus nearly always results in the same behavioral response.

paragraphs: Another behavious system is the 'dances' of water birds such as the Great Crested Grebe. They pair for life, and 'dance' whenever a pair meet up after an absence, and on other occasions. The dances are quite complex, and were first described fully by Julian Huxley. Here the meeting is the releaser, and both partners do the fixed action pattern. The function of the system is a little unclear, but it has something to do with reinforcing the pair's bond.

paragraphs: It is not necessary for both partners to benefit, nor to be of the same species. Some moths instantly fold their wings and drop to the ground if they encounter bat ultrasonic signals. This helps helps the moths, but obviously not the bats. In turn, some bats turn off the sound blips when they hear a moth, and glide in the last few feet. This also is an inherited behaviour. This example may be better described as a reflex action.


title: Copper Age

paragraphs: The Copper Age was a time period between the Neolithic and the Bronze Age. It is also named "Chalcolithic" ( "khalkos" "copper" + "lithos" "stone").

paragraphs: In the Bronze Age, people added tin to copper to make bronze, an alloy which is much harder than either tin or copper. During the Copper Age, this fact became known, but was not much used because tin was scarce.

paragraphs: The Vinča culture was the first to develop the knowledge and skills to process copper, i, the late 6th millennium BC.

paragraphs: Edged weapons such as knives, swords, spearheads, and axes were made of copper, as were brooches, pins, belt boxes and vessels for food and drink.


title: Blaine Gabbert

paragraphs: Blaine Gabbert is an American football quarterback for the San Francisco 49ers of the National Football League. He played college football for the Missouri Tigers. He also played for the Jacksonville Jaguars.

paragraphs: Gabbert was born in Ballwin, Missouri, USA and went to Parkway West High School, where he played high school football. In his sophomore season, he threw for about 1,100 yards and 11 touchdowns as a first-year starter. As a junior, he had 1,523 yards and 20 scores and also added 458 yards and 8 TDs rushing. He threw 623 passing yards and five touchdowns as a senior, despite an injured foot that limited him to four games. He was considered one of the best players entering college at his position.

paragraphs: Gabbert started his college football career as only a third string player. Here are his statistics with the Missouri Tigers:

paragraphs: After an impressive showing at the combine, Gabbert was taken 10th overall by the Jacksonville Jaguars in the 2011 NFL Draft. Gabbert, who to his credit was playing on a team that had done very poorly the past several years, had a bad season in 2011. He was sacked 40 times (3rd most in league history), fumbled 14 times, and threw only 12 touchdown passes next to eleven interceptions as Jacksonville's bad luck continued. Analysts noted how Gabbert's height decreased when he threw, which is the opposite of what is supposed to happen.

paragraphs: On March 11, 2014, Gabbert got traded to the San Francisco 49ers.


title: Part of Me

paragraphs: "Part of Me" is a song by American recording artist Katy Perry. The song was written by Perry, Bonnie McKee, Lukasz Gottwald, Henry Walter, and Max Martin, while the production was done by Dr. Luke and Cirkut. The song was released as the first single from "Teenage Dream: The Complete Confection", which is a re-release of her album "Teenage Dream". This song was leaked several times; in late 2010, the entire demo of the song leaked online, with music critics comparing the song to Perry's previous single "California Gurls" (2010). The lyrics were changed on the released version, prompting speculation that the lyrics were directed towards ex-husband Russell Brand, which Perry later denied. Following a performance on the 54th Grammy Awards, the song debuted at number one on the "Billboard" Hot 100.

paragraphs: The song has reached number one in the UK, Canada, New Zealand, and the US. It has been certified triple-platinum in the US for sales of over three million copies there.

paragraphs: The video for the song features Perry driving in her car, listening to a radio show about cheating lovers. She then finds her boyfriend kissing another woman at his office. Perry has a breakdown and cuts her hair in a convenience-store bathroom before enlisting in the U.S. Army.


title: Waking Up in Vegas

paragraphs: "Waking Up in Vegas" is the fourth and last single from the Katy Perry studio record "One of the Boys". It was released to radio April 21, 2009 and received positive reviews by the music critics. The song peaked near #1 on Billboard Hot 100, giving Perry her third top ten song off that album. It also topped #1 in Australia and the Netherlands.


title: The Cleveland Show

paragraphs: The Cleveland Show is an animated sitcom that first aired on September 27, 2009 on the "Animation Domination" block on Fox in the United States. The show was created by Seth MacFarlane, Mike Henry, and Richard Appel as a spin-off show from "Family Guy".

paragraphs: The family was conceived by MacFarlane, he took the "Family Guy" character, Cleveland Brown, and his son, Cleveland Brown Jr., and redesign Cleveland Brown Jr. to make him look older, and softly-spoken. Before the first episode aired it was already renewed for season 2, which had 22 episodes. On June 10, 2010, three weeks after the first season ended it was renewed for another season (season 3). It was also renewed for season 4. The show was canceled in May 2013, airing its final episode on May 19. There is four seasons of "The Cleveland Show" and 88 episodes.

paragraphs: The series shows the life of Cleveland Brown, his son, Cleveland Brown Jr., his wife, Donna, and her kids, Roberta and Rallo.

paragraphs: The show uses a lot of profanity and sex scenes, which is why the show is rated TV-14, and rarely TV-PG.

paragraphs: According to critics, the show is an okay show, however some say it is a horrible show. The Parents Television Council said that the first season episodes was the worst show of the week. About 6 million people watched the show for season one. It was nominated for an award on the 36th People's Choice Awards, and on the 63rd Primetime Emmy Awards.

paragraphs: At the start of the show, Cleveland Brown and his son, Cleveland Brown Jr., move from the fictional town of Quahog, Rhode Island to Stoolbend, Virginia.

paragraphs: Cleveland said to Glenn Quagmire that he is getting a spin-off on "Family Guy" episode, "Baby Not on Board".

paragraphs: Originally, the theme song had a line with Cleveland Brown, he said "happy black-guy face", this was changed to "happy mustached face".

paragraphs: The show was originally aired on Fox, and has been released in many other countries.

paragraphs: All seasons are available on DVD and Blu-ray.


title: Bob's Burgers

paragraphs: Bob's Burgers is an American animated sitcom. It first appeared on television on January 9, 2011. This TV show would be shown during Fox's "Animation Domination" block, a specific television block from Fox that airs on Sunday nights. As of March 2020, the show is on its tenth season, renewed for an eleventh.

paragraphs: The show centers on the Belcher family, who run a hamburger restaurant. Throughout the series, there are stories that relate to the Belcher family and the citizens that live near them.


title: Napoleon Dynamite (TV series)

paragraphs: Napoleon Dynamite is an American animated sitcom. It aired from January 15 to March 4, 2012 on Fox's "Animation Domination" block. It is based on the movie of the same name. It was a mid-season replacement for "Allen Gregory".


title: The Flintstones

paragraphs: The Flintstones was an animated sitcom directed by William Hanna and Joseph Barbera. There were six seasons consisting of 166 episodes. Each episode was 25 minutes long. A pilot episode was released in 1959 and the show aired between September 30, 1960 and April 1, 1966.

paragraphs: A new version of "The Flintstones" was scheduled to air in 2013 on Fox and was to be created by Seth MacFarlane. However, the show never made it past production.


title: Off-label use

paragraphs: Off-label use of a prescription drug is when this drug is used for other indications that for those which it was approved, or that is given to a group for which it was not approved, or the dosage prescribed is different from the one mentioned. Off-label use of drugs is very common. In many countries, drugs need to show that they are effective against a given condition in clinical trials. Before these trials are done, drugs cannot legally be used for indications other than those for which they were tested.


title: Sit Down, Shut Up (American TV series)

paragraphs: Sit Down, Shut Up is an animated television sitcom that aired from April 19, 2009 to November 21, 2009 on Fox. It originally aired on the "Animation Domination" block, but was removed and put on Saturdays at midnight. It was based on the Australian series which had the same name.


title: Global Television Network

paragraphs: Global Television Network (mainly called Global or Global TV) is a Canadian television channels. Along with CTV and CBC, it is one of the countries major networks. It is currently Canada's number-two television network.

paragraphs: The network started in a television station of the same name, in South Ontario. The national entity was known as CanWest Global System until getting the Ontario station's branding in 1997.

paragraphs: In Late 2009, Shaw took over Canwest's broadcast rights as of October 27, 2010. Global is a part of Shaw Media currently.

paragraphs: In television listings such as TV Guide, it is shown as GLO, GLB or GTV.

paragraphs: In October 2004, a HD version started airing, at the time, you had to have digital cable.


title: So You Think You Can Dance

paragraphs: So You Think You Can Dance is a reality television show franchise. It was created by Simon Fuller and Nigel Lythgoe. It was produced by 19 Entertainment and Dick Clark Productions.


title: Feathertop: A Moralized Legend

paragraphs: "Feathertop: A Moralized Legend" is a short story by Nathaniel Hawthorne. It was first published in two parts in "The International Magazine" in February and March 1852. It has been adapted to other media including the stage, television, and movies.

paragraphs: The story is set in seventeenth century New England. Mother Rigby is a witch. She builds a scarecrow to protect her garden. She brings the scarecrow to life. She gives the scarecrow the appearance of a normal man. She gives him a pipe. He needs to smoke this pipe to keep himself alive. Mother Rigby names him Feathertop. She sends him into town to woo Polly Gookin. Mother Rigby does not like her father Judge Gookin. Feathertop and Polly begin to fall in love. They look into a magic mirror. Feathertop is reflected as a scarecrow, not as a man. Polly faints. Feathertop rushes back to Mother Rigby. He has been rejected by Polly. He breaks his pipe and collapses in a lifeless heap. Mother Rigby says, "There are thousands upon thousands of coxcombs and charlatans in the world, made up of just such a jumble of wornout, forgotten, and good-for-nothing trash as he was! Yet they live in fair repute, and never see themselves for what they are." She thinks that Feathertop is better off as a scarecrow.


title: Fox News Sunday

paragraphs: Fox News Sunday is a news public affairs program on Fox Broadcasting Company that is aired on Sunday mornings on that network, and reaired on Sunday evenings on Fox News Network , it was first broadcast on April 28, 1996. Since 2008, it is broadcast in HD. Its first host was Tony Snow, he was later replaced by Chris Wallace when he joined the White House as a secretary.


title: Fringe

paragraphs: Fringe is a science fiction drama series. It was first broadcast on September 9, 2008 on Fox. The series ran for five seasons, ending on January 18, 2013.


title: The Finder

paragraphs: The Finder is an procedural drama television series on Fox. It first aired on January 12, 2012. It is set in Key West, Florida and is a spin-off of "Bones".


title: Wolf Vostell

paragraphs: Wolf Vostell (14 October 1932–3 April 1998) was a German artist who made arts in many forms including sculpture, video art, and installations. He was an important artist in the second half of the 20th century. He believed that art should take place in the street, and that the audience should be involved. One of his works, called "130 kms per hour", was a crash between a train and a car.


title: Alcatraz (TV series)

paragraphs: Alcatraz is a science fiction drama that first aired on January 16, 2012 on the Fox Network.


title: Touch (TV series)

paragraphs: Touch is an American supernatural drama television series, written and created by Tim Kring for the Fox Broadcasting Company. It was first aired on Wednesday, January 25, 2012 as a preview and on Thursday, March 22, 2012 as a series. 13 episodes have been ordered for the first season by Fox. The series was scheduled to begin on Monday, March 19, 2012, but was moved to Thursday, March 22, 2012, and on Thursday, March 15, 2012, a rerun of the first episode was broadcast. The show has a TV-PG and a TV-14 age rating in the United States. In Canada, the show is broadcast on the Global Television Network, and premiered on the same day at the same time as the U.S. broadcast. The show is produced by 20th Century Fox Television and Chernin Entertainment. In the United States, the second season began airing on Fridays at 9:00 p.m.

paragraphs: The newspaper reporter Martin Bohm was once successful, to his wife in the terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001 in one of the towers of the World Trade Center was killed. Since then his life is no longer the same. Its mission is to since, about his autistic son to take care of Jake. Martin fails not only from communicating with his son, but can not cope with his behavioral problems. Soon the youth protection authority is turned on. Clea Hopkins believes that it would be best if Jake would come into a home. Martin sees it differently, because he noticed that his son is three times cut off at the same time from school to access a transmitting tower to climb. May be it soon becomes clear that Jake can predict the future. He gets information and support from Arthur DeWitt, a specialist in children with unusual talents.

paragraphs: On January 19, 2011, Fox announced that there was going to be a new pilot by Tim Kring. On January 26, 2011, Fox announced that the new pilot was going to air in the 2011–2012 television season.

paragraphs: On February 22, 2011, Fox said that Kiefer Sutherland would be the main actor in the show. On June 10, 2011, Danny Glover got a part in the series. On June 16, 2011, Gugu Mbatha-Raw got a part in the show. In July 2011, Titus Welliver got a part in the new show as a social worker.

paragraphs: The characters are created by Tim Kring.

paragraphs: The show mainly has positive reviews with PopMatters said the show was "stunningly effective" and praised "its mix of spirituality and science, familial and global struggles." They also noted that "The boy’s narration, unnervingly matter-of-fact about the nature of the universe, takes on more power when he reveals that in 11 years, he has never spoken a word."

paragraphs: The New York Post said "If you can’t get enough of number sequences and universal cylindrical patterns that constantly repeat, then for sure you’ll repeat the pattern of watching Fox’s new show...It is intriguing, and it’s great to have Sutherland back on TV" but felt "frankly, it’s awfully complicated."

paragraphs: The Chicago Sun Times said the show "operates on the mind-blowing premise that people around the world are linked to one another and their lives intersect — with potentially major repercussions." They finished the review saying it "delivers a suspenseful ride around the world, peppered with some tear-jerking moments. The bar has been set high. Here’s hoping “Touch” continues to reach it."

paragraphs: Kiefer Sutherland's performance has good reviews, with many critics saying "He plays the part with such a combination of intensity and subtlety that we are drawn deep into Martin’s suffering, and rather than judging him, we feel with him. Every trial is etched in his face. He imbued Jack Bauer with similar stoicism, but Martin seems less resilient, more distressed."

paragraphs: The Los Angeles Times gave the show a 40 of 100, which was the lowest review along with Philadelphia Daily News which was also 40 of 100.

paragraphs: On Metacrtic, the Metascore is 63 of 100 based on 27 critic reviews. The average score for users is 8.2 of 10.

paragraphs: The show has a 8.9 out of 10 ("great") score on TV.com.

paragraphs: The show has, for the first time in history, was one of the highest-rated individual channel airing of the season, ranking #1 or #2 in its time period and outperforming the primetime average of the broadcaster by double- or triple-digit percentage increases.

paragraphs: In Italy, it started as the channel's second highest-rated television premiere ever. In Spain, "Touch" ranked #1 for the first episode in the timeslot. In Latin American countries, outperformed the channels' primetime average by double- and triple-digit percentage increases in Argentina, Colombia and Mexico. Other countries had good starts, like Germany, Norway and Russia.

paragraphs: The show has started in over 100 countries including:

paragraphs: Most recent episodes can be viewed on Fox.com in the United States, it can also be viewed on many other sites. In Canada, recently aired full episodes air on Global Video at GlobalTV.com.


title: Klamath County, Oregon

paragraphs: Klamath County ( ) is a county which is in the U.S. state of Oregon. The county was named after the Klamath. The Klamath were the tribe of Native Americans living in the area when the first European explorers found the region. , 66,380 live there. The county seat is at Klamath Falls.

paragraphs: The U.S. Census Bureau says that the county has an area of . is land and (3.12%) is water.

paragraphs: Klamath County is represented in the Oregon House of Representatives by two Republicans. These people are Bill Garrard and Mike McLane. Klamath County is represented in the Oregon State Senate by Republican Doug Whitsett. Greg Walden, also a Republican, is Klamath County's representative in the United States House. The county has voted for Republican politicians for many years. The last time a Democratic candidate for US president represented Klamath County was in 1964.


title: Cornerback

paragraphs: A cornerback is a position on defense in American football. Corners can rush the passer, intercept balls, tackle, and deflect passes. Their main job is to stop the opponent's receivers from making a catch. Cornerbacks usually line up on the edges, or sides, of the defensive line opposite their opponent's receivers. In "zone defense", corners are assigned to a specific area of the field, in which they cannot let anyone make a catch. In "man defense", corners cover one player and try to stop them from catching a ball.


title: The One That Got Away

paragraphs: "The One That Got Away" is a 2011 hit song by Katy Perry from her album "Teenage Dream". The song talks about Radiohead and Johnny Cash. The song received positive review by music critics, although it only hit #3 on Billboard Hot 100. It was the only single from "Teenage Dream" that did not reach number one in the United States. It was released in October 2011.


title: Jonathan Ogden

paragraphs: Jonathan Philip Ogden is a former American football offensive tackle for the Baltimore Ravens of the National Football League. He played college football for the UCLA Bruins (Is in the UCLA Hall of Fame). Ogden was known for his energetic style.

paragraphs: He was the first player ever drafted by the Ravens. With Baltimore, Ogden became a Super Bowl XXXV champion. He was known as a very good player who was like a brick wall. A turf toe and knee problems eventually forced Ogden to retire after the 2007 season. He was inducted into the Ravens Ring of Honor in 2008. He does commerials for Apple Ford, which sells used cars.

paragraphs: He was voted into the Pro Football Hall of Fame on February 2, 2013.


title: Entertainment Tonight Canada

paragraphs: Entertainment Tonight Canada (ET Canada) is a daily entertainment newsmagazine show that airs on Global in Canada. It is based on the American show which has the same name.


title: Entertainment Tonight

paragraphs: Entertainment Tonight is an entertainment news program. It was first broadcast on September 14, 1981. It is syndicated by CBS Television Distribution in the United States, Canada and in many countries around the world. It is the longest-running entertainment news program. The program was the first syndicated program distributed by satellite. The main anchor since 1982 had been Mary Hart. She left the program on May 20, 2011. Mark Steines and Nancy O'Dell took on the roles of main hosts after Hart left.


title: The Good Wife

paragraphs: The Good Wife is an American television legal drama set in Chicago, Illinois. It first aired on September 22, 2009 on CBS in the United States.


title: Hawaii Five-0

paragraphs: Hawaii Five-0 is a drama that first aired on September 20, 2010 on CBS, and is based on the original series.

paragraphs: On May 15, 2011, the series was renewed for a second season, which premiered on September 19, 2011.


title: Terrell Owens

paragraphs: Terrell Eldorado Owens (; born on December 7, 1973, nicknamed "T.O.") is an American football wide receiver for the Allen Wranglers of the Indoor Football League, of where he is also a co-owner. A six-time Pro Bowl selection, Owens holds or shares several National Football League records, and features in the all-time top-five in several receiving categories, including yards and touchdowns. Owens played college football for the University of Tennessee at Chattanooga.

paragraphs: Owens is also well known for the controversy he brings on and off the field. At one point, there were rumors that he attempted suicide, which Owens denied. Owens is now broke.

paragraphs: Owens played college football for the University of Tennessee at Chattanooga. He wore #80 to honor Jerry Rice, whom Owens loved to watch as a child. Owens caught 38 passes for 724 yards and eight touchdowns during his sophomore year, and 34 passes for 357 yards and three touchdowns during his junior year. Owens faced double coverage every week during his senior year, and so only had 43 receptions for 667 yards and one touchdown. He also played in the Senior Bowl.

paragraphs: In his NFL career (lasted from 1996 to 2010), Owens showed much talent on the five teams he played for. However, he sparked even more controversy (arguments). Owens was known for his trash-talking, over-the top touchdown celebrations (often more to rub it in on the opponent than to fire his own team up), and off-field drama, where he has help several shirtless workouts, hosts a reality show (The T.O. Show), and has modeled for clothing companies. Despite all the attention he got, Owens has never won a Super Bowl. Owens is the only player to have scored on all 32 teams in the league. (He has actuall scored on them all at least twice.)

paragraphs: Owens was drafted by the San Francisco 49ers in the 3rd Round of the 1996 NFL Draft. This united Owens with Jerry Rice. Owens's first career score came on a 45-yard touchdown from Steve Young against the Cincinnati Bengals to tie the game in a win. Owens later emerged as the #1 threat in San Francisco.

paragraphs: In 2000, Owens mocked (teased) the Dallas Cowboys after scoring twice from quarterback Jeff Garcia. Since the Cowboys were at home, Owens stood in celebration on the Dallas star twice. It resulted in Cowboys runningback Emmitt Smith slamming his helmet into the turf to get even after he himself scored. Owens scored for a second time, and went back to the star. However, defensive back George Teague knocking Owens off. Owens was called for unsportsmanlike conduct and was suspended for a week by his head coach, while Teague was ejected by the officials.

paragraphs: Later moments with the 49ers included Owens grabbing pom-poms from 49ers cheerleaders and cheering with them, and taking a sharpie out of his sock to sign a touchdown ball.

paragraphs: After a spat with some 49ers front office members, Owens and the team decided to part ways after the 2003 season. Philadelphia quarterback Donovan McNabb wanted Owens to be an Eagle, as did many Eagles fans. Owens was actually traded to the Baltimore Ravens, but Owens challenged the 49ers' right to make the trade and made it clear he did not want to go to Baltimore. Owens eventually won the case, and was sent to the Philadelphia Eagles after the Ravens, 49ers, and Eagles agreed to a rare 3-team trade.

paragraphs: Owens had a great season in 2004 on the field (caught 14 TDs), despite a broken leg by Cowboys safety Roy Williams. Owens's main celebration was copying the dance of Ravens linebacker Ray Lewis in a win against the Ravens. T.O. helped the Philadelphia Eagles to an appearance in Super Bowl XXXIX. However, Owens's controversy was at its high point. He had several feuds with McNabb and the Eagles managament. He was suspended b Phili for most of the 2005 season. That was the last of Owens's time with the Eagles.

paragraphs: Owens signed a three year contract with the Dallas Cowboys in 2006. Owens (and star QB Tony Romo) enjoyed a good three years. Notable touchdown celebrations while with the Cowboys were sleeping on a ball and grabbing a fan's popcorn to dump down his facemask. The only other form of controversy while Owens was with the Cowboys was when he spit in the face of cornerback DeAngelo Hall, who had, according to Owens, been ""in his face all day." Owens was fined, but the two players made up with the help of Deion Sanders. Owens produced well through the rest of his time in Dallas, but was released after the 2008 season.

paragraphs: Owens signed with the Buffalo Bills in 2009. He played fairly well during his lone season in Buffalo. He also caught a 98-yard touchdown pass, a career long. Owens, however, did not produce as Buffalo hoped when the payed him, and so he was not resigned. However, Owens was credited for not complaining at all publicly, especially since it would have been very easy because the Bills were doing so poorly.

paragraphs: With the Cincinnati Bengals, Owens and friend Chad Ochocinco, who had the same kind of touchdown celebrations, were on the same team. Owens led the Bengals (including Ochocinco) with 983 receiving yards, but was injured and missed the last two games of the 2010 season. Owens was not cleared to play until October of 2011. No one wanted to sign him.

paragraphs: Owens signed with the Allen Wranglers of the Indoor Football League for their spring season of 2012. He was also their co-owner. Owens caught three touchdowns in his first game for the Wranglers. However, reports surfaced during this time that Owens was broke.

paragraphs: Terrell Owens was born to L.C. Russel and Marilyn Heard in Alexander City, Alabama. When Terrell was very young, he lived with his mother and grandmother. He grew up with three other siblings. He enjoyed watching football, especially his favorite player, Jerry Rice. However, Owens’ grandmother did not allow him to play sports until high school. (Owens attended Benjamin Russell High School, where he did very well in football, baseball, and basketball.)

paragraphs: Terrell Owens is married and is now a father to sons Terique, Atlin, plus daughters Kylee, and Dasha.


title: Titanic (TV series)

paragraphs: Titanic is a four-part television drama. It is based on the sinking of the RMS Titanic.


title: Burnout

paragraphs: A burnout (also known as a peel out or power brake) is the practice of keeping a vehicle still (or close to) and spinning its wheels, causing the tires to heat up and smoke due to friction.

paragraphs: The origins of burnouts can be traced to drag racing, where they have a practical purpose: drag racing tires perform better at higher temperatures. A burnout is the fastest way to raise tire temperature before a race. It also cleans the tires of any debris and lays down a layer of rubber near the starting line for better traction. Drag race tracks sometimes use specially-reserved, wet-surface areas (burnout boxes) for burnouts.

paragraphs: Burnouts are also common in informal street racing, usually for show value. As with all street racing activities, burnouts on public property are illegal in most countries but the severity of punishments vary. In New South Wales, for example, police have the power to confiscate the offending vehicle for 3 months for a first offense.

paragraphs: In March 2010, British Formula 1 World Champion, Lewis Hamilton had his Mercedes car impounded for allegedly performing a burnout in Melbourne, Australia while leaving the Albert Park Grand-Prix Circuit.

paragraphs: Burnouts are also sometimes performed by winning drivers at the end of NASCAR races to celebrate their victory.

paragraphs: Burnouts in front wheel drive vehicles are likely to result in damage to the wehicle.  They are usually achieved by holding the emergency brake (e-brake) to lock up the rear tires while flooring the gas pedal.

paragraphs: To burnout in a rear wheel drive vehicle the driver usually has to press the gas and brake pedals at the same time.  The brake pedal will require modulation The goal is to allow the rear tires to spin while holding the car in place with the front wheels remaining motionless. At a certain point of balance, the front brakes will prevent the car from moving forward while the rear brakes will have insufficient grip to keep the wheels from spinning, because engine power is transferred to the rear wheels only.

paragraphs: It is possible to make rear-wheel drive burnouts easier by installing "line locks", devices which allow fluid pressure on the front brakes to be maintained while releasing the pedal to free the rear brakes. This is useful in a manual transmission vehicle, where it can be quite difficult to manipulate the clutch, brake and gas pedals simultaneously. Line locks also reduce wear to the rear brakes, a common problem otherwise.

paragraphs: Burnouts are most difficult to perform in four-wheel drive and all-wheel drive cars, as they have better traction than FWD or RWD vehicles. It requires significantly more powerful engines to break all four tires loose at the same time and the tires will spin for only a short while before all four gain traction.


title: Jamboree

paragraphs: A jamboree is a scouting event. It is a large meeting of scouts from across a country or many countries. The first World Scout Jamboree was in 1920, in the United Kingdom. Since then, there have been 22 world jamborees, hosted in different countries. It is usually every four years.

paragraphs: The next major jamboree will be in Sri Lanka on 29 April 2012. Over 200 countries will participate and more than 5000 scouts from around the globe for this international event.


title: Scarecrow

paragraphs: A scarecrow is a figure usually made of sticks. It looks like a human being. It is dressed in old clothes. A farmer puts a scarecrow in a field after he has planted seeds. He hopes the scarecrow will frighten birds away from the field. Some birds such as crows and sparrows eat the seeds the farmer plants. He does not want the birds to do this. If the birds eat the seeds, the farmer will not have a big crop of things to eat.

paragraphs: Scarecrows are sometimes characters in stories. Nathaniel Hawthorne wrote a story about a scarecrow who comes to life in "Feathertop". The most famous storybook scarecrow is probably the one in "The Wonderful Wizard of Oz" by L. Frank Baum.


title: The Wonderful Wizard of Oz

paragraphs: The Wonderful Wizard of Oz is a childrens' book. It was written by L. Frank Baum. The book was first published by the George M. Hill Company on 17 May 1900. The first edition has pictures drawn by W. W. Denslow.

paragraphs: The story is about a little girl named Dorothy. She is swept away from her home in Kansas by a storm. She lands in a magical place called Oz. She makes friends with a scarecrow, a tin woodman, and a cowardly lion. She meets good witches and bad witches. The Wizard of Oz finds a way for Dorothy to go home. Dorothy finds out that Oz is a human who was swept away in a balloon. Soon she goes back to her home in Kansas.

paragraphs: The story has been reprinted many times. New pictures have been made for the story and sometimes the title is just The Wizard of Oz. This is also the title of a musical play written in 1900 and a movie made in 1939 starring Judy Garland.


title: Arvo Pärt

paragraphs: Arvo Pärt (born 11 September 1935) is an Estonian composer. He wrote a large amount of religious music. Pärt is sometimes called a minimalist or 'holy minimalist'. The first piece he wrote used a style called serialism. He is influenced by the sound of Gregorian chant, and has created his own technique for composing, which he calls tintinnabuli.


title: William Wallace Denslow

paragraphs: William Wallace Denslow (5 May 1856 – 27 May 1915) is known as W. W. Denslow. He was an American illustrator and caricaturist. He was born in Philadelphia. He had some art school training, but he was mostly self-taught. He designed books and posters. Denslow illustrated L. Frank Baum's "The Wonderful Wizard of Oz" and other books by Baum. They parted after an argument over copyright royalties.

paragraphs: Denslow illustrated "Denslow's Mother Goose" in 1901, and "Denslow's Night Before Christmas" in 1902. He illustrated the 18-volume "Denslow's Picture Books" series in 1903–04. He drew comic strips with Father Goose, the Scarecrow, and the Tin Woodman as characters. He created the comic strip "Billy Bounce". Billy was one of the first comics characters with superpowers. Denslow bought Buck's Island, Bermuda. He crowned himself King Denslow I. He was married three times and had one son. He died in New York City of pneumonia.


title: Margaret Hamilton

paragraphs: Margaret Brainard Hamilton (December 9, 1902 – May 16, 1985) was an American movie actress. She is best known for playing the Wicked Witch of the West in the 1939 movie "The Wizard of Oz". In movies, she often played older, unmarried women from New England who was extremely practical but did not enjoy jokes. Hamilton's plain looks helped to bring steady work as a character actress. Late in life she appeared in sitcoms and television commercials.

paragraphs: She was born in Cleveland, Ohio. She married Paul Boynton Meserve in 1931. They had a son. They divorced. She never married again. She lived in New York City for most of her adult life. She later moved to Millbrook, New York. She died of a heart attack on May 16, 1985 in Connecticut. She was cremated at Poughkeepsie Rural Cemetery. Her ashes were scattered.


title: Joseph Kony

paragraphs: Joseph Kony (pronounced ; born 1961) is a Ugandan guerrilla group leader. He is the head of the Lord's Resistance Army (LRA). While he had a lot of support from the public, the LRA turned against its supporters. They said that they did this to "purify" the Acholi people and turn Uganda into a theocracy ruled by the Ten Commandments.

paragraphs: The LRA is known for the very bad things it does to civilians. Two of these things are murder and rape.

paragraphs: The LRA has become known for what it does against the people of several countries. Some of these countries are northern Uganda, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Central African Republic, South Sudan, and Sudan. It has stolen and forced about 66,000 children to fight for them.

paragraphs: In 2005, Kony was accused of war crimes by the International Criminal Court in The Hague, Netherlands. He has not yet been captured.

paragraphs: Kony was born in 1961 in Odek. Odek is a village which is east of Gulu in northern Uganda. He is a member of the Acholi people. His father was called Luizi Obol. He was a farmer. His mother was called Nora. Kony had a good relationship with his siblings, but if they had arguments, he would quickly fight back. Also, when challenged he would often use physical violence. Kony was an altar boy for several years. However, he stopped going to church around the age of 15 and also dropped out of school.

paragraphs: As a teenager, Kony was being trained to be the village witch doctor by Jamie Brow, his older brother. When Jamie died, Kony took over the position.

paragraphs: On October 6, 2005, the International Criminal Court (ICC) said that the arrest had been given for five members of the Lord's Resistance Army. These were for crimes against humanity. On the next day Ugandan defence minister Amama Mbabazi said that the warrants include Kony, his deputy Vincent Otti, and LRA commanders Raska Lukwiya, Okot Odiambo, and Dominic Ongwen. The Ugandan military says that the Ugandan army killed Lukwiya on August 12, 2006. The BBC heard that Otti had been killed on October 2, 2007, at Kony's home.


title: NYC 22

paragraphs: NYC 22 (formerly known as Rookies and then The 2-2) is a police drama that began airing on April 15, 2012, as a midseason replacement for "". It aired on Sundays at 10:00 PM on CBS in the United States.

paragraphs: On May 13, 2012, the series was cancelled by CBS.

paragraphs: The series shows a diverse group of rookie New York Police Department officers, they patrol Upper Manhattan.

paragraphs: According to TV by the Numbers, following the first episode, "The series premiere of "NYC 22" drew just a 1.5 adults 18–49 rating at 10pm...That compares with a 2.1 rating average for new episodes of "CSI: Miami" since January, and a 1.7 for the significantly delayed finale last week." The same site's "Renew-Cancel Index", which analyzes the odds of shows being renewed or canceled by comparing them to the 18–49 ratings for all the scripted shows on the same network, scored the show with a 0.51 index rating (51% of CBS's scripted average) and categorized the show as "certain to be canceled". Four weeks later, on May 13, 2012, the series was canceled.


title: NCIS: Los Angeles

paragraphs: NCIS: Los Angeles (Naval Criminal Investigative Service: Los Angeles) is a police drama that first aired on September 22, 2009, on CBS in the United States.


paragraphs: The following is the 2011–12 United States network television schedule.


title: Comedytime Saturday

paragraphs: "Comedytime Saturday" is the official branding for a one-hour programming block in the 2011-12 television season on CBS. It airs reruns of shows on Thursdays and Mondays on CBS. "How to Be a Gentleman" was moved on this block when episodes got burned off, and "Rules of Engagement" moved to its timeslot (Thursdays at 8:30 PM).


title: Crimetime Saturday

paragraphs: "Crimetime Saturday" is the official branding for a programming block that started in 2004–05 on the American CBS and Canadian CTV networks between 9 and 11 p.m. ET/PT on Saturday nights.


title: How to Be a Gentleman

paragraphs: How to Be a Gentleman was an American sitcom that first aired on September 29, 2011 and last aired on June 23, 2012.


title: The Firm (2012 TV series)

paragraphs: The Firm is a Canadian-American drama that first aired on January 8, 2012 on Global and NBC.

paragraphs: On February 3, 2012, NBC and Global announced that the series would be pulled from its Thursday 10/9c slot immediately, and placed on Saturdays at 9/8c starting on February 18.


title: Bokmål

paragraphs: Bokmål ("ˈbuːkmɔːl", lit. "book language") is one of two official written forms ofNorwegian; the other is Nynorsk. Bokmål is used by 85-90% of the population in Norway and the usual way to teach to foreign students.

paragraphs: Bokmål is regulated by the government's Norwegian Language Council. A more conservative orthographic standard is called "Riksmål", which is regulated by the non-governmental Norwegian Academy for Language and Literature.


title: Bío Bío Region

paragraphs: The Bío Bío Region () is one of Chile's 16 first order administrative divisions. Its capital is Concepción, the second city of Chile after the national capital, Santiago.

paragraphs: The region is named after its main river: the Bío Bío river.

paragraphs: The Spanish conquistador Pedro de Valdivia founded the city of Concepción in 1550 at the mouth of the Bío Bío river. He died in 1553 during the Arauco War against the Mapuche people.

paragraphs: The Region has been hit by many earthquakes, including the most powerful earthquake ever recorded (the Great Chilean Earthquake in 1960) and the earthquake of 2010, when many communities in the region were greatly affected by the earthquake and the following tsunami.

paragraphs: It borders the Ñuble region to the north, Argentina to the east, the Araucanía region to the south and the Pacific Ocean on the west.

paragraphs: The Bío Bío Region, with 1,557,414 inhabitants (2017 census), is the third region with more people living in it, after the Valparaíso Region. Its population density was .

paragraphs: The Bío Bío region is further subdivided into three provinces: Arauco, Bío Bío and Concepción.


title: Samari Rolle

paragraphs: Samari Rolle (b. August 10, 1976 is a retired American football player. He played as a cornerback for the Florida Seminoles in college football. Rolle played in the National Football League from 1997 through 2009. He played for the Houston Oilers (and Tennessee Titans when they were created) from 1997 through 2004 and finished his career as a veteran with the Baltimore Ravens.

paragraphs: In 2000, Rolle earned a Pro Bowl selection as he intercepted seven passes (one touchdown) for Tennessee. In 2007, Rolle was diagnosed with epilepsy, and won the Ravens' Ed Block Courage Award. In 2008, Rolle Rolle lost his father, but intercepted a pass the game he returned. He also got an interception for the Ravens in a 2008 playoff victory over Rolle's former team, the Titans. He was injured on the Physically Unable to Perform list for all of 2009. Rolle wore #21 with the Titans and #22 with the Ravens.


title: Frank Morgan

paragraphs: Frank Morgan (June 1, 1890 – September 18, 1949) was an American actor. His real name was Francis Phillip Wuppermann. He was born in New York City. He attended Cornell University. His brother, Ralph, was in show business. Morgan began acting in 1914. On movies, he played various characters in the 1939 movie "The Wizard of Oz". Morgan was married and had a son. He died of a heart attack on September 18, 1949. He has a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame.


title: Little Nemo

paragraphs: Little Nemo is the main fictional character in a series of weekly comic strips by Winsor McCay. These comic strips appeared in the "New York Herald" and "New York American" newspapers from October 15, 1905 – July 23, 1911 and September 3, 1911 – July 26, 1914. The strip was first called "Little Nemo in Slumberland" and then "In the Land of Wonderful Dreams". Little Nemo in Slumberland came back for a short time from 1924-1927.

paragraphs: The comic was about the dreams of a little boy named Nemo. His name means "nobody" in Latin. In the first strips he tried to go to Slumberland. That was the land of King Morpheus. The King wanted Nemo as a friend for his daughter, the Princess. The last picture in each strip always was Nemo waking up, in or near his bed. Then the grownups were angry with him, because he had waken them up. Or they comforted him because he was sad.

paragraphs: In the earliest strips, the dream would end because of a disaster that could hurt or kill Nemo. These events would be something like falling from a bridge, becoming a monkey, or becoming 90 years older. Later on Nemo reached Slumberland. Then "Flip" always woke him up. Flip wore a hat that had 'Wake Up' written on it. Other characters in the strip were Dr. Pill, The Imp, the Candy Kid, and Santa Claus.

paragraphs: The strip was not a very big success from 1905 to 1927. Most comics readers liked the slapstick actions of the "Katzenjammer Kids", "Happy Hooligan", and "Buster Brown" (other comic strips) more than the surreal (not real) fantasy of Nemo. From the 1970s until now, people like the strip more. Many of the original strips were found at a comic strip studio in 1966. They were shown at the Metropolitan Museum of Art.

paragraphs: Very special of Nemo was that the pictures were very difficult, had many details and beautiful colours. Also the story was special, because it was a fast story and had many strange characters and places.


title: Krazy Kat

paragraphs: Krazy Kat is a comic strip created by cartoonist George Herriman. It was published daily in newspapers between 1913 and 1944. It first appeared in the "New York Evening Journal". Its owner, William Randolph Hearst, was a major booster for the strip throughout its run.

paragraphs: The "Krazy Kat" characters were introduced in another Herriman strip "The Dingbat Family". The phrase "Krazy Kat" originated there. It was the mouse's way of describing the cat. The strip is set in Herriman's vacation home of Coconino County, Arizona. "Krazy Kat" is mixture of offbeat surrealism, innocent playfulness, and poetic, idiosyncratic language.

paragraphs: The strip focuses on the curious love triangle between Krazy Kat, a carefree, simple-minded cat; Ignatz Mouse; and police dog, Offissa Bull Pupp. Krazy has an unrequited love for the mouse. Ignatz despises Krazy. He throws bricks at Krazy's head. Krazy thinks this is a sign of the Mouse's affection. Krazy utters grateful replies such as "Li'l dollink, allus f'etful". Offissa Pupp is Coconino County's administrator of law and order. He makes it his mission to interfere with Ignatz's brick-tossing plans. He locks the mouse in the county jail.

paragraphs: The detailed characterization and Herriman's visual and verbal creativity made "Krazy Kat" one of the first comics to be praised by intellectuals. The strip was treated as "serious" art. Critic Gilbert Seldes wrote at length about the strip in 1924, calling it "the most amusing and fantastic and satisfactory work of art produced in America today." Poet E. E. Cummings admired Herriman and wrote the introduction to the first collection of the strip in book form. "Krazy Kat" was only a modest success during its initial run. In more recent years, many modern cartoonists have cited "Krazy Kat" as a major influence on their own work.


title: Pierre-Simon Laplace

paragraphs: Pierre-Simon Laplace (23 March 1749 – 5 March 1827), later Marquis de Laplace, was a French mathematician and astronomer.

paragraphs: His work helped to develop mathematical astronomy and statistics. His five volume "Mécanique Céleste" (Celestial Mechanics) (1799–1825) was a key work. In it, he changed the geometric study of classical mechanics to one based on calculus, which meant it could tackle a wider range of problems. In statistics, the so-called Bayesian interpretation of probability was mainly developed by Laplace.

paragraphs: He invented Laplace's equation, and pioneered the Laplace transform which is used in many branches of mathematical physics. The Laplacian differential operator, widely used in mathematics, is also named after him.

paragraphs: Laplace's view on the origin of the Solar System is still ours today. He recognised, like Newton, that the key force in the Solar System was gravitation. Gravitation caused the coming together of gas and small particles into one central mass (which became the Sun) with other smaller groups (the planets), held to the central star by gravitation.

paragraphs: Laplace proved that the small irregularities in planetary motion were self-correcting, and that the solar system as a whole was stable. This meant the solar system was going to exist in the present state for a very long time. He worked out some problems in the moon's orbit, and how the moon caused tides.

paragraphs: Laplace also came close to getting the concept of the black hole. He pointed out that there could be massive stars whose gravity is so great that not even light could escape from their surface (see escape velocity). Laplace also speculated that some of the nebulae revealed by telescopes may not be part of the Milky Way and might actually be galaxies themselves. Thus, he anticipated Edwin Hubble's major discovery 100 years in advance.


title: Château-Arnoux-Saint-Auban

paragraphs: Château-Arnoux-Saint-Auban is a commune of 5,270 people (2008). It is found in the region Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur in the Alpes-de-Haute-Provence department in the south of France.

paragraphs: A campus of the École nationale de l'aviation civile is located in the commune.


title: Inselberg

paragraphs: An inselberg or monadnock is a large rock formation that sits on its own, surrounded by flat lowlands. It can be a hill, ridge or small mountain. They are found in hot, dry areas of land. The name means "island mountain".


title: Great Slave Lake

paragraphs: Great Slave Lake () is the second-largest lake in the Northwest Territories of Canada. It is the deepest lake in North America at 614m, and the ninth-largest lake in the world. It is long and wide. It covers . The lake shares its name with the Slavey First Nations. Towns on the lake include: Yellowknife, Hay River, Behchoko, Fort Resolution, Lutselk'e, Hay River Reserve, Dettah and N'Dilo.

paragraphs: North American Aboriginal Peoples were the first people to live around the lake. They built communities including Dettah, which still exists today. British fur trader Samuel Hearne explored the area in 1771 and crossed the frozen lake. He named it Lake Athapuscow. This was a misunderstanding of the name Athabaska. In 1897-1898, the American frontiersman Charles "Buffalo" Jones traveled to the Arctic Circle.

paragraphs: In the 1930s, gold was discovered there, and the city of Yellowknife was founded. It became the capital of the Northwest Territories. In 1967, an all-season highway was built around the lake, originally an extension of the Mackenzie Highway but now known as Yellowknife Highway or Highway 3. On January 24, 1978, a Soviet Radar Ocean Reconnaissance Satellite, named Kosmos 954 fell from orbit and broke apart. The satellite had an on board nuclear reactor. Pieces of the nuclear core fell near the Great Slave Lake. 90% of the nuclear debris was recovered by a group called Operation Morning Light. They included people from both the United States and Canada.

paragraphs: The Hay, Slave and Taltson Rivers enter the lake. The Mackenzie River flows out. The western shore has forests, but the east shore and northern arm are tundra-like. The southern and eastern shores reach the edge of the Canadian Shield. The Great Slave Lake remains from a large post-glacial lake along with other lakes such as the Great Bear and Athabasca.

paragraphs: The main western part of the lake is a bowl with a surface area of and a volume of . This main portion has a maximum depth of and a mean depth of . To the east, McLeod Bay () and Christie Bay () are much deeper, with a maximum recorded depth in Christie Bay of .

paragraphs: There is the nesting site of a flock of Whooping Cranes south of Great Slave Lake, in a remote corner of Wood Buffalo National Park.

paragraphs: There is one ice road on Great Slave Lake. It connects Yellowknife to Dettah.


title: Johann Friedrich Blumenbach

paragraphs: Johann Friedrich Blumenbach (11 May 1752 – 22 January 1840) was a German physician, naturalist, physiologist and anthropologist. He was one of the first to explore the study of mankind as an aspect of natural history. He used comparative anatomy to classify human races, of which he listed five.

paragraphs: Blumenbach divided the human species into five races in 1779. Later he based them on the anatomy of the human skull. Blumenbach's work included the description of sixty skulls published as "Decas craniorum" (Göttingen 1790–1828). This was a founding work for other scientists.

paragraphs: He did not think other races were inferior to the Caucasian race, and were potentially good members of society.

paragraphs: Anatomical study led him to the conclusion that 'individual Africans differ as much, or even more, from other individual Africans as Europeans differ from Europeans'. Furthermore he thought that Africans were not inferior to the rest of mankind 'concerning healthy faculties of understanding, excellent natural talents and mental capacities'.

paragraphs: "Finally, I am of opinion that after all these numerous instances I have brought together of negroes of capacity, it would not be difficult to mention entire well-known provinces of Europe, from out of which you would not easily expect to obtain off-hand such good authors, poets, philosophers, and correspondents of the Paris Academy; and on the other hand, there is no so-called savage nation known under the sun which has so much distinguished itself by such examples of perfectibility and original capacity for scientific culture, and thereby attached itself so closely to the most civilized nations of the earth, as the Negro."

paragraphs: These ideas were far less influential. His ideas were adopted by other researchers and encouraged scientific racism. Blumenbach's work was used by many biologists and comparative anatomists in the nineteenth century who were interested in the origin of races: Wells, Lawrence, Prichard, Huxley and William Flower are good examples of his influence on human biology.

paragraphs: Regarding human origins, Blumenbach believed the first humans had originated in Asia.


title: Homare Sawa

paragraphs: She was a member of the Japan women's national football team that won the 2011 FIFA Women's World Cup.

paragraphs: As a professional athlete, she was played with the Women's United Soccer Association from 2001 to 2003.

paragraphs: In 2004 she was named Women's Player of the Year for the Asian Football Confederation.

paragraphs: In 2009 and 2010, Sawa was part of Women's Professional Soccer.

paragraphs: Sawa has played for the Japan women's national football team, including the team which won the 2011 FIFA Women's World Cup.

paragraphs: She participated in the last five FIFA Women's World Cups.

paragraphs: Sawa was part of the women's team at the 1996, the 2004, the 2008. She was a member of the team which won a silver medal in the 2012 Summer Olympics at London.

paragraphs: She retired after the 2012 Olympics. In her career, she played 186 games for the Japanese national team, and scored 81 goals. No Japanese player has played in that many games or scored that many goals for Japan.

paragraphs: In 2012, Sawa was named the FIFA Women's World Player of the Year. In ceremonies in Switzerland, she was awarded the 2011 FIFA "Ballon d'Or". Japanese government officials commented that Sawa and her team-mates inspired confidence after the devastation caused by 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami.


title: Yanick Dupre Memorial Award

paragraphs: The Yanick Dupre Memorial Award is presented annually to the American Hockey League's man of the year for service to his local community. The award winner is chosen by the league president. It was named after former Hershey Bears player Yanick Dupre, who died of leukemia at age 24.


title: Foot fetishism

paragraphs: Foot fetishism (or "foot fetish") is a sexual interest in human feet. The fetishist has an interest in foot shapes (such as foot arches or foot sizes), toe sizes, smell or foot wear (such as shoes, bracelets, or socks). The foot fetish is the most common fetish that is not the genitals. The fetish is most common for males, although females may also have this fetish.

paragraphs: A footjob is using feet to rub the penis (or sometimes the vagina or breasts) in a sexual way. It is a type of masturbation done with two people.


title: CTV Two

paragraphs: CTV Two is a English language television system in Canada, owned by Bell Media.


title: Billy Bean

paragraphs: William Daro "Billy" Bean (born May 11, 1964 in Santa Ana, California) is a former Major League Baseball player. He attended Loyola Marymount University in Los Angeles. He was an outfielder, a pinch hitter, and a first baseman. He threw and batted left. Bean is gay, and wrote a book, "Going the Other Way: Lessons from a Life in and out of Major League Baseball". For 13 years, Bean was the partner of Efrain Viega, the founder of Yuca restaurant in Miami. They broke up in July 2008. Bean has appeared on television. He starred in a MTV episode of "Made", and he was an actor in an episode of the sitcom "Frasier".


title: America's Funniest Home Videos

paragraphs: America's Funniest Home Videos is a reality-comedy show. The show originally aired on ABC.


title: The X Factor (U.S.)

paragraphs: The X Factor USA is an American television music competition. The winner gets a recording contract and 5 million dollars. It first aired on September 21, 2011 on Fox. There have been three winners; Melanie Amaro, Tate Stevens and Alex & Sierra.

paragraphs: The original panel consisted of Simon Cowell, Paula Abdul, Cheryl Cole and L.A. Reid. Cheryl was later fired and was replaced by Nicole Scherzinger who was going to be the host along with Steve Jones. At the end of season 1, Paula, Nicole and Steve were all fired but Nicole would become a judge on the UK version.

paragraphs: Demi Lovato and Britney Spears replaced Paula and Nicole as judges while Khloe Kardashian and Mario Lopez became the co-hosts replacing Steve. In 2013, L.A. and Britney left the show and were replaced by Kelly Rowland and Paulina Rubio. Mario became the sole host after Khloe was sacked.

paragraphs: On February 7, 2014, Fox announced that "The X Factor" got cancelled due to Simon Cowell, who is going to judge back at the UK version of the show.


title: The Yellow Kid

paragraphs: The Yellow Kid is the name of a comic strip character. He appeared from 1895 to 1898 in the "New York World", and later in the "New York Journal". The Yellow Kid was created and drawn by Richard F. Outcault in the comic strip "Hogan's Alley". It was one of the first Sunday supplement comic strips in an American newspaper. Its graphical layout had already been established in political and other, purely-for-entertainment cartoons.

paragraphs: The Yellow Kid was a bald, snaggle-toothed boy who wore an over-sized yellow nightshirt and hung around in a slum alley. This alley was typical of certain areas of squalor that existed in turn of the 19th to 20th century New York City. Hogan's Alley was filled with equally odd characters, mostly other children. With a goofy grin, the Kid spoke in a ragged, peculiar slang. This slang was printed on his shirt, a device meant to mock advertising billboards.


paragraphs: The following is the 2010–11 United States network television schedule.


title: Citytv

paragraphs: City (formerly called Citytv) is a Canadian English language television system owned by Rogers.


title: Toon Disney

paragraphs: Toon Disney was an American cable television channel owned by Disney. Toon Disney was replaced by Disney XD.


title: MTV2

paragraphs: MTV2 is a cable network in the United States. It was launched on August 1, 1996 as M2.


title: Iwata, Shizuoka

paragraphs: Iwata is made of 5 communities merged together: kyu-Iwata (former Iwata), Toyoda-cho, Fukude-cho, Ryuyo-cho, Toyoka-mura.

paragraphs: There has been a settlement in the area of Iwata since ancient times.

paragraphs: During the Edo period, "Mitsuke-juku" was one of 53 government waystations ("shuku-eki") along the Tōkaidō road, which was a coastal route that ran from Edo (modern-day Tokyo) to Kyoto.


title: Kashima, Ibaraki

paragraphs: An urban area developed around Kashima Shrine ("Kashima-jinga").

paragraphs: It prospered as a temple town in Kashima temple which is Kuniichi Hitachi Miya.

paragraphs: After World War II, the economy of the region around the port city grew larger.

paragraphs: The Kajima seaside industrial zone centering on the Kashima harbor is formed.

paragraphs: Kashima city is an industrial city centering on a steel company.

paragraphs: The Kashima Antlers is an association football team in Kashima. It is utilizing soccer for town revitalization mainly by the Antlers.


title: Marcus Salvius Otho

paragraphs: Marcus Salvius Otho (Marcus Salvius Otho Caesar Augustus, 28 April 32 AD–16 April 69 AD) was a Roman military commander who became Roman Emperor in 69 AD. He led a coup against the Emperor Galba, but was defeated in a battle by Vitellius only eight weeks later. He took his own life after the battle. The year 69 was known as the Year of the Four Emperors.


title: Bornhardt

paragraphs: A bornhardt () is a big dome-shaped, steep-sided, bald rock formation. They are a kind of inselberg. They are usually made up of granites or gneisses, but can sometimes be found in other rock types like limestone, sandstone and conglomerate. They are named after Wilhelm Bornhardt (1864–1946), the German geologist who first described the feature.


title: Tosu, Saga

paragraphs: In 1874, disagreements with the central government of Japan became an armed conflict. This was called the . This involved region of the modern city.


title: Lorenzo de' Medici

paragraphs: Lorenzo de' Medici (1 January 1449 – 9 April 1492) was an Italian statesman and de facto ruler of the Florentine Republic during the Italian Renaissance. He was called Lorenzo the Magnificent ("Lorenzo il Magnifico") by Florentines. He was a diplomat, politician and patron of scholars, artists, and poets. He is probably best known for what he gave to the world of art. He gave large amounts of money to artists so that they could make very good artwork. When he died, the Golden Age of Florence ended. The peace he helped keep between the many Italian states collapsed when he died. Lorenzo de' Medici is buried in the Medici Chapel in Florence.

paragraphs: Lorenzo was an artist. He wrote poetry in Tuscan.

paragraphs: Lorenzo's agents took a lot of classical works from the east. Lorenzo had a large workshop to copy his books and spread their content across Europe. He supported the development of humanism through his friends who studied Greek philosophers, and tried to merge the ideas of Plato with Christianity. In this group were the philosophers Marsilio Ficino, Poliziano and Giovanni Pico della Mirandola.


title: Kashiwa, Chiba

paragraphs: It has been recognized as a core city since 1996.

paragraphs: In the Edo period, the area around Kashiwa was directly controlled by the Tokugawa shogunate. These lands were known as "tenryō".


title: Offal

paragraphs: "Offal" is the name for the internal organs or entrails of a dead animal. It includes the heart, kidneys, lungs, intestines and brains. The word can also be used to cover other parts of the animal including the tongue, tail and feet. The word offal means the parts that fall off when the animal is cut up for meat. Offal from birds are called "giblets". In some parts of the world people eat offal, and in others doing so is considered taboo or strange.


title: Kyūshū Shinkansen

paragraphs: The is a Japanese high-speed railway line between Fukuoka and Kagoshima in Kyushu. The line is operated by the Kyushu Railway Company (JR Kyushu).

paragraphs: The southern 127 km opened on 13 March 2004.

paragraphs: The northern 130 km section opened on 12 March 2011. Service began with a quiet start because of the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami.


title: Jura Mountains

paragraphs: The Jura Hills are a long mountain arc. The Jura rock or stone consists of limestone. It reaches from Lake Geneva to the Rhine River. The Jura Hills are not only in Switzerland, but also in France. The Chasseral is one of the highest hills in the Jura Mountains. It has an altitude of 1607 metres above sea level. The highest part of the Jura Hills is the “Crêt de la Neige“ in France and it is 1718 metres high. Many fossils and dinosaur tracks have been found there. The rocks of the Jura were formed between 144 million and 208 million years ago. The agriculture and winter tourism are very important for the principal economics.


title: Arkose

paragraphs: Arkose is a kind of sandstone which is rich in the mineral feldspar. It is made mostly of quartz, but also has at least 25% feldspar. It may also consist of fragments (bits) of rock. Arkose usually contains small amounts of calcite cement, which may also contain iron oxide. Arkose is normally grey to reddish in colour. The sand grains making up arkose are usually coarse.

paragraphs: Arkose is generally formed from the weathering of igneous or metamorphic rocks. These are usually granite rocks, which contain a lot of feldspar and quartz. Arkose is often found with conglomerate deposits where the sediment is made of granite. The central Australian monolith Uluru is made of late Neoproterozoic/Cambrian arkose, deposited by the erosion of a granite-based mountain range.


title: Justified

paragraphs: Justified has several different meanings:


title: Justified (TV series)

paragraphs: Justified is an American crime drama television series. It was broadcast on the FX network from 2010 to 2015. The series is based on books written by Elmore Leonard. It is set in and around Harlan County, Kentucky.


title: Jason Donovan

paragraphs: Jason Donovan (born 1 June 1968) is an Australian actor and singer. Donovan became famous when he played Scott Robinson in "Neighbours" from 1986 to 1989. He was a contestant in the 2006 series of "I'm a Celebrity ... Get Me Out of Here!" and in the 2011 series of "Strictly Come Dancing". He hosts a show on Heart Network Radio in the UK on Sunday afternoons.

paragraphs: Donovan was born in Malvern, Melbourne. He was taught at De La Salle College. He is the son of actor Terence Donovan and newsreader Sue McIntosh. The youngest of his three maternal half-sisters is actress-singer Stephanie McIntosh.


title: Jarret Johnson

paragraphs: Jarret Webster Johnson (born August 14, 1981) is an American Football outside linebacker for the San Diego Chargers of the National Football League. He played college football at the University of Alabama. Johnson appreciated as an "unsung hero" and defensive leader by Baltimore fans. Johnson has scored two career touchdowns and has been a steady presence on a great Ravens defense.

paragraphs: On March 14, 2012, Johnson signed a 4-year contract with the San Diego Chargers without giving the Ravens a chance to match the offer.

paragraphs: 1.^ "Johnson signs 4-year deal with Chargers"


title: Linebacker

paragraphs: A linebacker is a defensive position in the game of American football. There are two kinds of linebackers. One is the outside linebacker (OLB), whose job is to tackle players, rush the passer, and sometimes drop back in coverage to prevent catches. The middle linebacker (MLB) is often called the "quarterback of the defense," as they direct many formations and are often looked up to as leaders and very good players, mostly handling the job of tackling as well.

paragraphs: Linebackers can appear in different formations, or looks. In a 4-3 defense, there are three linebackers; usually two OLBs and a MLB in the middle.

paragraphs: A 4-4 defense relies more heavily on linebackers. That system includes four linebackers.

paragraphs: Linebackers are often called the original name.

paragraphs: Strong-side OLB: Sam (S) MLB: Mike (M) Weak-side OLB: Willy (W)

paragraphs: Strong-side OLB: Sam (S) Strong-side MLB: Mike (M) Weak-side MLB: Kenny (K) Weak-side OLB: Willy (W)


title: Lambeau Field

paragraphs: Lambeau Field is a stadium in Green Bay, Wisconsin, USA. The stadium is home to the Green Bay Packers, an American football team that plays in the National Football League. The stadium is named after Curly Lambeau.


title: Kelly McGillis

paragraphs: Kelly McGillis (born July 9, 1957) is an American actress. She was born in Newport Beach, California. She starred in "Witness", "Top Gun" and "The Accused".


title: Disney XD

paragraphs: Disney XD is an American digital cable and satellite television network. It is owned by Disney and ABC. It started on the Internet in 2007 and began broadcasting as a television network in 2009.

paragraphs: Disney XD broadcasts programming that is created for the network. The original programming includes "Zeke and Luther", "Kickin' It", "Pair of Kings" and "Lab Rats". The network broadcasts some of the more popular Disney Channel series. These series include "The Suite Life of Zack & Cody", "The Suite Life on Deck", "Wizards of Waverly Place", "Phineas and Ferb" and "So Random!"

paragraphs: They also broadcast programs that were shown on other networks. Many of these are based on characters from the Mavel Universe. Disney bought Marvel Comics in 2009. Because of this, more programs based on Marvel comics will be shown on Disney XD starting in April 2012.

paragraphs: In addition to the United States, Disney XD is shown in Latin America, the United Kingdom, Ireland, France, Monaco, Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, Switzerland, Denmark, Morocco, Madagascar, Réunion, Mauritius,Antilles, French Guiana, Guadeloupe and Martinique. In some of these countries, only some of the programming shown on the network is broadcast.

paragraphs: Disney XD replaced Toon Disney and Jetix