title: Barium chloride

paragraphs: Barium chloride is a chemical substance. It is among the most important salts of barium. It is soluble in water. It is a poison. When it is heated, it gives a yellow or green color to the flame. It is hygroscopic, meaning that it attracts water from the air. It is mainly used to purify brine but applications include fireworks.

paragraphs: Barium chloride is toxic. Sodium sulfate may be an antidote.


title: North Atlantic Treaty

paragraphs: The North Atlantic Treaty is the treaty that founded NATO. It was signed in Washington, DC on April 4, 1949. The original twelve nations that signed it and thus became the founding members of NATO were the following:

paragraphs: When Germany was reunified in 1990, the country as a whole became a member of NATO.

paragraphs: The key section of the treaty was Article V which says that each member state has to consider an armed attack against one state to be an armed attack against all states. The treaty was created with an armed attack by the Soviet Union against Western Europe in mind, but the mutual self-defense clause was never used during the Cold War. It was used for the first time in 2001 when the September 11, 2001 attacks against the World Trade Center and The Pentagon had taken place.

paragraphs: In the United States, the treaty was approved by the Senate in a vote of 82 to 13 on July 21, 1949.


title: Blockade of Germany

paragraphs: The blockade of Germany, during World War I, was a part of the First Battle of the Atlantic between the United Kingdom and Germany.

paragraphs: The British established a naval blockade of Germany early in the war. As shown later in the Battle of Jutland, the German fleet could not defeat the British fleet to break the blockade. This blockade was unusually restrictive in that even food was stopped as it was said to help the war. The Germans regarded this as an attempt to starve the German people into submission and wanted to fight back. They blockaded Britain and France.

paragraphs: As Germany could not fight with the big British Royal Navy on an even basis, the only possible way Germany could impose a blockade on Britain was through the submarines. The Chancellor of Germany was against this sort of blockade because it meant attacking neutral ships as those of the United States as well. But the military pushed unlimited submarine warfare forward.

paragraphs: On 4 February 1915, Kaiser Wilhelm II of Germany declared the seas around the British Isles a war zone. Effective 18 February, Allied ships in the area would be sunk without warning. British ships hiding behind neutral flags would not be spared, though some effort would be made to avoid sinking clearly neutral vessels.

paragraphs: Up to 750,000 civilians may have died because of starvation caused by this blockade during the War. Many more had to die from starvation after the Armistice in November 1918 as the blockade was continued into 1919, in order to force Germany to sign the Treaty of Versailles in June 1919.

paragraphs: The German U-boat force was now primarily based at Ostend in Belgium. So German submarines had better access to the sea lanes around England. The Germans made use of this advantage and sent out about 20 U-boats to begin the naval blockade. In January, before the declaration of "unrestricted submarine warfare" as the submarine blockade was called, 43,550 tonnes of shipping had been sunk by U-boats. The number of sinkings then steadily increased, with 168,200 tonnes going down in August.

paragraphs: Losses of British warships were small. Although the battleship "Formidable" had been sunk by "U-24" on New Year's Day, the fast destroyer screens soon made successful attacks on battleships and cruisers a thing of the past. On the other hand, there was little a Royal Navy warship could do to sink a U-boat if the submarine's captain was reasonably alert. The U-boat was generally safe from shelling once it had submerged. It could be rammed if it were at periscope depth, but ramming was hardly a reasonable tactic as a standard practice.

paragraphs: Destroyers were not able to hunt the U-boats as they were protecting the fleet, so the British pressed every vessel they could into service, including yachts and trawlers, as auxiliary patrol vessels. However, the U-boats were able to easily evade the patrols and sink merchant vessels traveling unescorted.

paragraphs: Militarily, unrestricted submarine warfare was proving a great success, and the U-boats stood a good chance of starving Britain into surrender. However, in terms of the propaganda war, it was a great disaster for Germany. America wanted to stay out of the European war, but American public opinion had turned against Germany, as unrestricted submarine warfare seemed to confirm the German reputation for brutality. The deaths of American citizens traveling on British vessels torpedoed by U-boats began to make headlines in the US.

paragraphs: When on 7 May 1915, the liner "RMS Lusitania" was sunk by a German submarine, American outrage brought the US closer to declaring war on Germany. Under threat of US retaliation, on 27 August, the Kaiser imposed severe restrictions on U-boats attacks against large passenger vessels. On 18 September 1915, he called off unrestricted submarine warfare completely.

paragraphs: Under military pressure on Germany early in 1917, the Kaiser declared full unrestricted submarine warfare once more. Some German diplomats believed that the Americans would avoid war at all costs, and if not, hopefully Germany could bring Britain to its knees before American power made much difference in Europe. In February, 86 vessels were sunk, followed by 103 in March, and then 155 in April. The US finally declared war on Germany in April 1917, over the Zimmermann Telegram. America and Britain together were able to defeat the U-boats.


title: LeBron James

paragraphs: LeBron Raymone James Sr. (born December 30, 1984 in Akron, Ohio) is an American professional basketball player who plays in the National Basketball Association (NBA) on the Los Angeles Lakers.

paragraphs: The Cleveland Cavaliers picked him in the 2003 NBA Draft with the first pick in the draft. James did not play college basketball, and entered the NBA Draft immediately after high school. He went to high school in Akron, Ohio.

paragraphs: James played with the Cavaliers for his first seven seasons. During that time, he was one of the NBA's top scorers. He was selected as an All-Star several times. In 2007, he led Cleveland to the NBA Finals. He was the Most Valuable Player (MVP) of the NBA for the 2008-09 NBA season and 2009-10 NBA season. In his MVP years, Cleveland had the best record in the NBA, but did not make it to the NBA Finals.

paragraphs: On July 8, 2010, on a show in ESPN called "The Decision" LeBron said that he would next play for the Miami Heat. On December 2, 2010, James played in Cleveland for the first time since leaving, scoring 38 points for the Heat as they beat the Cavaliers, 118-90. Many fans angry at James for leaving Cleveland booed him throughout the game and held up signs with negative statements against James.

paragraphs: In the 2011 season the Miami Heat came in second place right behind the Chicago Bulls lead by Derick Rose in the NBA. They made it to the finals of the NBA and lost in six games to the Dallas Mavericks This caused celebration in Cleveland because they hated Lebron for what he did to him.

paragraphs: In the 2012 Finals, LeBron James won his first championship after the Miami Heat defeated the Oklahoma City Thunder 4-1 games, after battling with the Boston Celtics 4-3 games the previous round. The next year, LeBron James won his second title when the Heat defeated the San Antonio Spurs in seven games. In both years he won the MVP title of finals and of regular season.

paragraphs: In 2014, James competed a very good regular season but he wasn't the MVP. In the 2014 Finals, the Heat's Finals streak ended after being defeated by the San Antonio Spurs in five games (4-1). Shortly after those Finals had ended, LeBron James said he would use an early termination option in his contract, leaving the Miami Heat and becoming a free agent. He said this on June 24, 2014.

paragraphs: Then, on June 25, 2014, in a first-person essay in "Sports Illustrated," he said he would return to the Cleveland Cavaliers. On July 12, 2014, James signed a two-year, $42.1 million contract to return to the Cavaliers. The deal also contains an option to become a free agent again after the 2014–15 NBA season.

paragraphs: In 2015, he took the Cleveland Cavaliers to the NBA Finals, without Kevin Love but lost to the Golden State Warriors in 6 games after losing Kyrie Irving after he had an ankle injury. The following year he again took the Cavs to the finals against the Warriors and made history when he led the Cleveland Cavaliers to an NBA championship after being down 3-1 games. No team had ever come back from a 3-1 deficit in the Finals before then. He had a historic moment where he blocked Andre Iguodala on possibly the game winning layup.


title: Silesian Voivodeship

paragraphs: Silesian Voivodeship Silesia Province is one of the 16 Voivodeships of Poland. It can be found in the south Poland and in east Silesia (called Upper Silesia). The capital city is Katowice.


title: First Battle of the Atlantic

paragraphs: The First Battle of the Atlantic (1914–1918) was a naval campaign of World War I, largely fought in the seas around the British Isles and in the Atlantic Ocean. Both the German Empire and United Kingdom relied heavily on imports to feed their population and supply their war industry; thus both aimed to blockade each other. The British had the Royal Navy which was superior in numbers and could operate within the British Empire. The German Navy could not destroy the British Navy, as seen at the Battle of Jutland.

paragraphs: The German fleet mainly used unrestricted submarine warfare. Neutral countries disliked the blockades and the sinking of RMS Lusitania especially angered the United States. The successful blockade of Germany contributed to its military defeat in 1918, and still in effect, enforced also the signing of the Treaty of Versailles in mid-1919.

paragraphs: Note that unrestricted submarine warfare was resumed in February 1917 and the British began full-scale convoying in September 1917. The heaviest losses were suffered in April 1917 when a record 881,027 tons were sunk by the U-boats.

paragraphs: Source: Fayle, C. Ernest, "Seaborn Trade", Vol. 3, p. 465, Table I[a]; London: John Murray, 1924.


title: Sukhoi

paragraphs: Sukhoi is a company(JSC) Russia’s major aircraft holding company, employing more than 29,000 people. Among the holding’s members are leading Russian design bureaus and aircraft production plants. The Company supports a complete cycle of work in aircraft engineering: from frontend engineering to comprehensive aftersales support. The holding's products, such as Su- marque combat aircraft, are state-of-the-art weapons systems in the global market, which form the backbone of the frontline aviation of Russia and tactical air forces of many other countries. Sukhoi is Russia's major manufacturer of export aircraft, placed 3rd in the world in terms of the numbers of modern fighters produced. The Company is currently implementing promising programmes in the field of military and civil aircraft engineering. Sukhoi has made some of the world's most innovative aircraft, such as the Su-37 Super Flanker. Most of Sukhoi's shareholdings belong in other countries than Russia.

paragraphs: The United States has bought aircraft from Sukhoi for aggressive training operations. However, Sukhoi sold aircraft to Iran, and thus the United States banned Sukhoi from ever doing business with them again.

paragraphs: The origin of Joint-Stock Company Sukhoi Design Bureau dates back to team No 4 of CAHI's AGOS aviation, flying boat aviation and aircraft prototype engineering facility, the team having been taken over by P.O. Sukhoi in October 1930. It was at that point that the team of the future Design Bureau started to take shape.

paragraphs: The next nine years saw the team produce:

paragraphs: The experimental fighters I-3, I-14, DIP;

paragraphs: The record-breaking RD aircraft used by the crews of V.P. Chkalov and M.M. Gromov to perform a number of trailblazing long-distance flights, and by the crew of M.M. Gromov to set an absolute world record in direct flight range, 10,148 km, the distance having been covered in 62 hours 17 min;

paragraphs: The long-range DB-2 bomber, an upgraded version of which, called Rodina, was used by the all-female crew under V.S. Grizodubova to perform a non-stop flight from Moscow to the Far East;

paragraphs: The multi-role BB-1 aircraft (after 1940 known as the Su-2), which was the first Sukhoi series aircraft to be produced in large numbers (910 planes) and in its short-range bomber and artillery recon/spotter versions took an active part in the

paragraphs: To set up production of the BB-1, the government resolution of 29th July 1939 appointed P.O. Sukhoi Chief Designer. He, together with the team of the Design Bureau, which had been given a standalone status, was relocated to production aircraft plant No 135 in Kharkov.

paragraphs: The subsequent efforts of the team are focused on development of:

paragraphs: The prototype armoured Su-6 attack aircraft in single-seat and two-seat versions, for which P.O. Sukhoi was awarded Stalin's Prize of the 1st Level in 1943;

paragraphs: The prototype cannon-armed Su-1 (Su-3) fighter;

paragraphs: The prototype long-range two-seat armoured Su-8 attack aircraft;

paragraphs: The experimental Su-5 and Su-7 with combined powerplants.

paragraphs: Beginning in 1945, the Design Bureau was engaged in development and building of:

paragraphs: The Su-9, Su-11, Su-15, Su-17 jet fighters (the first ones under this system of naming);

paragraphs: The twin-engine Su-12 piston recon/spotter Su-12.

paragraphs: The Tu-2 bomber platform was used to develop, and put into production, the trainer bomber UTB-2; it addition, design work was carried out on passenger and troop-carrying aircraft, the Su-14 jet attack aircraft and a number of other aeroplanes.

paragraphs: The five post-war years saw the Design Bureau develop and introduce the nation's first:

paragraphs: catapult ejection seat with telescopic trolley;

paragraphs: jettisonable nose with pressurized cockpit.

paragraphs: In November 1949, a government's resolution scrapped the Design Bureau, not to be resurrected till May 1953, when it was set up with new production facilities. The Design Bureau got a new lease on life with the advent of supersonic jet aviation. That is why the design team's major projects at the initial stage were the supersonic fighters S-1 and T-3. The S-1 provided a platform for the family of fighter-bombers, the Su-7 and Su-17, and more than 20 versions of them, with the Su-17 becoming the USSR's first aeroplane with a variable sweep wing. The experimental T-3 became the platform for the first Soviet target interception air launched missile system Su-9-51 and the subsequent Su-11-8M and Su-15-98(M) systems. In the '60s, the list of the equipment being developed by the Design Bureau became longer. In 1962, a project was launched to produce a long-range strike/recon aircraft, the T-4, the maiden flight of the prototype taking place on 22nd August 1972. This aircraft featured this country's first fly-by-wire system and automatic throttle control, with a weld-fabricated airframe of titanium and heavy-duty steel.

paragraphs: The year 1969 saw the maiden flight of the frontline Su-24 bomber with variable sweep wing, the first Soviet all-weather strike aircraft. The Su-24 was produced in several versions. It is currently in the inventory of the Air Forces of the RF and a number of other countries.

paragraphs: The year 1975 saw the maiden flight of the armoured Su-25 attack aircraft designed for destruction of battlefield targets. The Su-25 was the nation's first mass-produced jet attack aircraft; it has several versions and is currently a key asset of RF combat aviation.

paragraphs: In 1969, the Design Bureau started development of a fourth-generation fighter, and in 1977, the prototype Su-27 fighter made its first flight. In the following years, the Su-27 platform was used to produce the Su-27UB, Su-30, Su-32, and Su-33.

paragraphs: In order to implement design solutions and master new materials and engineering processes, an experimental prototype aircraft, the Su-47 (maiden flight 1997), was developed.

paragraphs: The aircraft-building experience gained by the Design Bureau's team over many decades made it possible to produce a family of aerobatic aeroplanes, the Su-26, Su-29, and Su-31. With these machines, the national aerobatics team of the USSR and RF have won a total of 330 medals (156 gold medals) at the World and European Championships.

paragraphs: At the beginning of the '90s, the Design Bureau initiated work on civil projects. The year 2001 saw the first flights of the utility transport aircraft Su-80GP and the agricultural Su-38L plane.

paragraphs: Sukhoi Civil Aircraft (CJSC) is currently engaged in developing a family of regional RRJ aeroplanes.

paragraphs: In different periods, the team was headed by P.O. Sukhoi, Ye.A. Ivanov, M.P. Simonov, and since 1999, the Chief Executive Officer has been M.A. Pogosyan. Over many decades, the Design Bureau's team has developed about 100 aircraft types and versions, with 60+ types put into production, giving a total of 10,000 production aeroplanes. Over 2,000 planes have been exported, to 30 countries. Su- planes have been used to establish over 50 world records.


title: Biomedical engineering

paragraphs: Biomedical engineering is the study of medical equipment used in an environment of care or training and how this equipment interfaces with the human body.

paragraphs: "Biomedical engineers" design, test, modify, recommend modification of, and evaluate all medical equipment used to interface or interact with the human body. In addition to these functions, clinical engineers usually supervise the biomedical equipment maintenance function within an environment of care.

paragraphs: The medical devices include man-made hands, arms, and legs to replace lost ones and, also, Dialysis machines which clean the blood of a person with damaged kidneys.


title: This Love (The Veronicas song)

paragraphs: This Love is a 2008 song by Australian band The Veronicas.


title: VeggieTales

paragraphs: VeggieTales is a series of children's CGI-animated games, theatrical films, television series, web series, books, and albums. The show is made up of animated vegetables that give moral lessons that are based on Christianity. It first aired in 1993. There have been video games made based on it. There is also a TV show which doesn't mention religion, two shows on Netflix, two movies, one of which retells the Bible story of Jonah and another which is a parody of pirate movies, and a hand-drawn animated spinoff show which is a parody of Batman.


title: Kroppenstedt

paragraphs: Kroppenstedt is a town in the Börde district, in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. It is southwest of Magdeburg. It is part of the "Verwaltungsgemeinschaft" ("collective municipality").


title: Righteousness

paragraphs: Righteousness is the quality of a person being morally right or justifiable. It is an important concept and theological concept. It is a concept in Islam, Judaism, Christianity, and also in Dharmic traditions. The quality of true righteousness is pleasing to God. It is a concept similar to integrity.


title: I Decided

paragraphs: "I Decided" is the first single released by Solange Knowles from her album "Sol-Angel and the Hadley St. Dreams". The single was released as a digital download to both iTunes and Amazon.com on April 22, 2008.


title: Here I Stand

paragraphs: Here I Stand is R&B singer Usher 's fifth album, scheduled to be released 27 May 2008.


title: Social equality

paragraphs: Social equality is a state where people are treated fairly and given equal chances without any discrimination. "Social equality" is not about treating everyone in the same way, but it makes sure that their needs are met in any needed way.


title: JavaServer Pages

paragraphs: JavaServer Pages (JSP java) is a programming language used by server applications. It was created by Sun Microsystems. A software server such as Apache is needed to run it.


title: Match

paragraphs: A match is a tool for making fire under controlled circumstances. Most often, it is a small piece of wood, or hardened paper. At one end, the match is coated with a material that will ignite from friction. The lighting end of a match is known as the match "head". It either contains phosphorus or phosphorus sesquisulfide as the active ingredient and gelatin as a binder. Matches are sold in multiples, packaged together either in a box, or in matchbooks. There are two main types of matches: safety matches, which can be struck only against a specially prepared surface; and strike-anywhere matches, for which any suitably frictional surface can be used.

paragraphs: There are also electric matches, which use electricity and not friction to produce a fire.

paragraphs: Matches that used sulfur were mentioned by Martial in ancient Rome. He called them "sulphurata".

paragraphs: Around the year 1530, Matches appeared in Europe. The first modern, self-igniting match was invented in 1805 by K. Chancel, assistant to Professor Louis Jacques Thénard of Paris, though. The head of the match was made of a mixture of potassium chlorate, sulfur, sugar, and rubber. They were ignited by dipping the tip of the match in a small asbestos bottle filled with sulfuric acid. This kind of match was quite expensive and its usage was dangerous, so Chancel's matches never gained much popularity.

paragraphs: Storm matches, also known as lifeboat matches or flare matches, have an easy to strike tip like a normal match, but much of the stick is coated with a combustible compound which will keep burning even in a strong wind. They have a wax coating to make them waterproof. They are a component of many survival kits. This particular match was used in the first mass-produced Molotov cocktails.

paragraphs: "Bengal matches" are actually small hand-held fireworks akin to sparklers. They are similar to storm matches in form, but they include compounds of strontium or barium in the compound on the stick to produce a red or green flame respectively.


title: Bill Gothard

paragraphs: William W. "Bill" Gothard (born November 2, 1934) is an American speaker and writer. At the age of 15, he gave his life to helping teenagers and their parents live their life in Christian principles. Much of his reputation comes from his efforts to finish that goal. He founded the Institute in Basic Life Principles (IBLP) in 1961. He has also spoken at conferences, and has written many books.

paragraphs: Gothard was born the third of six children to be "born" to "William" and "Carmen Gothard". His father was the manager of an engineering firm. He later served with several ministries. When Gothard was in the 5th grade, he says that God brought made him know of his need for a personal Savior. Shortly after beginning to believe that Jesus was his savior, he and his family joined a fundamentalist church. Gothard received his Bachelor of Arts degree in Bible from Wheaton College. In 1957 he also got his Master of Arts degree, in Christian Education.

paragraphs: He worked with gangs, church youth groups, high school clubs, youth camps, and families that had problems. He later wrote out seven principles of life he believed were not optional. In 1964, Gothard was given youth work in the LaGrange Bible Church, in suburban Chicago. Also, Gothard's Alma mater, Wheaton College, let him design and teach a program based on his work with youth. The course was given the name Basic Youth Conflicts; two hours of upper-division undergraduate and graduate credit were awarded to students completing the course. Forty-six students, youth pastors, and teachers registered for that first class. The next year over one hundred students joined the class.

paragraphs: Gothard started an organization in 1961 called Campus Teams, which in 1974 changed its name to Institute in Basic Youth Conflicts. Later, in 1989, the name changed again to Institute in Basic Life Principles (IBLP). Gothard is now the president and a board member of this organization. In the 1970s they started the Basic Youth Conflicts Seminar (also called Basic Seminars) across the United States. More people came, averaging between 10,000 and 20,000 people at each seminar. In the early 1980s the seminar attendance began to get smaller. Today seminars keep being held around the world and have an alumni base of more than 2.5 million.

paragraphs: In 1984, under Gothard’s leadership, a homeschooling program, the Advanced Training Institute of America was founded. He is the author of many books. In 2004, Gothard received his Ph.D. in Biblical Studies. Gothard is not married, and has no children.

paragraphs: Gothard's teaching focuses on seven "life principles", 49 character qualities, and 49 commands that Jesus gave. He views the Bible as the word of God and teaches that while there is only one interpretation of scripture. However, Gothard's use of the Bible has met with criticism. On his website he states ""the goal of my teaching is to provide Biblical principles and concepts of life to guide people in their choices.""

paragraphs: Gothard tells people not to listen to "un-Christian" music, including all popular and contemporary Christian music. He is in favor homeschooling; IBLP publishes its own homeschooling material. He has discouraged the use of contraceptives or other family planning.

paragraphs: As a part of the IBLP, Gothard organized the "Medical Training Institute of America" (MTIA). The main purpose of the ministry is to "train men and women to assist families in making wise decisions about health care issues." The "Medical Training Institute of America" is not a medical school and does not give degrees.

paragraphs: A group called the "Personal Freedom Outreach" (PFO) has criticized Gothard in several ways. Such as say that Gothard's views and his interpretations of Scripture are legalistic teachings, and that IBLP and such are "cult-like". Gothard was also accused by some of being contemporary for not practicing what he preaches about conflict resolution, and for his "quiverfull" teachings that married Christians should have as many children as possible. Even when Gothard himself is not married and has no children, even into his 70s.

paragraphs: Don Veinot claimed in his critical book on Gothard that Dr. Ronald Allen, a conservative evangelical, went to a Gothard seminar in 1973 and wrote that "In this seminar, I was regularly assaulted by the misuse of the Bible, particularly of the Old Testament, on a level that I have never experienced in a public ministry before that time (or since)."


title: Institute in Basic Life Principles

paragraphs: The Institute in Basic Life Principles (IBLP) is Christian organization in Oak Brook, Illinois. It was founded by Bill Gothard in 1964.


title: Master of Arts

paragraphs: A Master of Arts (Latin:"Magister Artium") is a postgraduate academic master's degree given by universities in many countries.


title: American Fork River

paragraphs: The American Fork River, in Utah, leaves the Wasatch Mountains out of American Fork Canyon about 35 miles southeast of Salt Lake City. The river starts on Mount Timpanogos and the river runs down through American Fork Canyon. On the way it goes through the Uinta National Forest and Timpanogos Cave National Monument. Leaving the canyon, the river runs through northern Utah County and empties into Utah Lake on the north shore.


title: Frank O'Connor

paragraphs: Charles Francis O'Connor (1897 - 1979), called Frank O'Connor, was an American actor and painter. He was the husband of writer Ayn Rand.

paragraphs: O'Connor and Rand met on a movie set, in the years of silent movies. They were appearing as extras. Rand was also writing scripts, and O'Connor building a movie and stage career. Rand admired O'Connor's looks, and tripped him on the set, to get him to notice her. They married in 1929.

paragraphs: To make sure they had enough income to succeed, O'Connor let his acting career go, becoming a rancher so Rand could succeed as an author, which was her ambition. He appeared in a presentation of her play "Night of January 16th", after she became better known. O'Connor also proposed the name "Atlas Shrugged" for Rand's book, which she formerly called "The Strike" before publication.

paragraphs: The couple had no children, but were friends with some college students and young professionals, including Nathaniel Branden (who later wrote psychology books, including important works on self-esteem), Alan Greenspan (economist, who was Federal Reserve chairman for the United States government) and Leonard Peikoff (later author of philosophy works, and editor of Rand's works). O'Connor "played host" to many discussions and forums about human interaction, relationships and societies, while wife Rand led the conversations.

paragraphs: He found a new pursuit, as he developed a talent for painting. Some of Rand's books used his paintings for book covers.

paragraphs: Actor Peter Fonda appeared as O'Connor in a 1999 television movie, "The Passion of Ayn Rand", which also starred Helen Mirren.


title: Alma mater

paragraphs: Alma mater is the singular form of the Latin word for "nourishing mother". It was used in ancient Rome as a title for the mother goddess, and in Medieval Christianity for the Virgin Mary. In current days, it is most often used to refer to the university or college a person went to. However, it may also refer to the song or hymn of a college or university.

paragraphs: The term alma mater can be traced back to eleventh-century Europe. The first known use of the term in reference to university was in 1088. The University of Bologna coined their motto “Alma Mater Studiorum,” (translated: “nourishing mother of studies”).


title: Amplitude modulation

paragraphs: Amplitude Modulation, usually shortened to AM, is a simple way to send a radio signal. The signal can travel long distances, and appear in faraway places, because of the earth's ionosphere.

paragraphs: Amplitude is the height of a wave. A carrier wave is modulated (changed) by adding audio. The combined signal is transmitted over a frequency. AM signals can be received by a crystal-powered radio set, that needs no batteries or electrical power source. Many early radios were homemade, and used earphones.

paragraphs: AM signals are mostly sent out on medium wave and shortwave frequencies. They do not carry high fidelity sound, but the sound is good enough to hear most things. Analog signals can fade in and out, or have interference from power lines and power stations. Sunspot activity can also weaken signals.

paragraphs: In the early years of commercial broadcasting in the 1920s, medium wave AM (from 540 to 1600 kilocycles) was the only kind of radio widely used. Radio programs were much like today's television programs, including news, sports, drama, music, comedy, and other entertainment.

paragraphs: Later Frequency Modulation (FM) radio was developed. It had better fidelity, but the signals could not travel as far, so AM was still important. After television became common in the 1950s, AM became a major format for popular music. As FM became common in the 1970s, AM stations featured more news, and talk shows.

paragraphs: Shortwave radio signals (from 3000 to 30,000 kilocycles) can travel around the world, and are used by countries to send programs to distant places. These programs feature news about the country, examples of their native culture and history, and sometimes foreign language lessons.


title: Biberach (district)

paragraphs: Biberach ['bi:bərax] is a district in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It is surrounded by (from the south and clockwise) the districts of Ravensburg, Sigmaringen, Reutlingen and Alb-Donau, and the Bavarian districts Neu-Ulm, Unterallgäu and the district-free city Memmingen. The most important towns in the district of Biberach are Biberach (Riß), Riedlingen, Ochsenhausen and Laupheim.

paragraphs: The district has hilly countryside between the rivers of the Danube and the Iller. The Danube crosses the district in its westernmost part from south to north. The Iller forms the eastern border of the district. Another river is the Riß, an affluent of the Danube (the river Riß goes into the Danube). It goes across the district from south to north.

paragraphs: The Federsee is a small lake in the southwest of the district. Its area is only 1.4 km², but it is famous for Neolithic findings and birds that are not seen a lot.

paragraphs: The local newspaper is the "Schwäbische Zeitung" ("Swabian Newspaper"). The Biberach Independent Film Festival focusses on experimental shorts and documentaries. The festival starts at the end of October and runs into November.

paragraphs: The imperial eagle symbolizes the imperial city of Biberach. At first, the coat of arms of the city showed an eagle as well as a beaver as a canting symbol. In 1488 the coat of arms of the city was changed to show only the beaver. The crosier symbolises the monasteries of the area.


title: Sam Allardyce

paragraphs: Samuel Allardyce (born: 19 October 1954) is an English former football player, and is currently a manager. He is currently without a club.


title: Chief Constable

paragraphs: A Chief Constable is the top police officer in a police force in the United Kingdom. Every police force in the United Kingdom has a Chief Constable except the City of London Police and the Metropolitan Police.


title: Hugh Orde

paragraphs: Hugh Stephen Orde OBE was the Chief Constable of the Police Service of Northern Ireland. He became the Chief Constable on 29 May 2002 and was it until 2009. His first police job was in 1977 at the Metropolitan Police Service. He was made a member of the Order of the British Empire in 2001, and was given a knighthood in 2005.


title: Candy Lo

paragraphs: Candy Lo (born October 18, 1974) is a C-rock singer-songwriter and actress from Hong Kong. She has released 9 studio albums, over 40 singles, 2 compilations, 1 live album and 1 EP with Sony Music to date. On June 11 she released her first EP on her new label WOW Music.


title: Say It Right

paragraphs: "Say It Right" is an R&B song performed by Nelly Furtado. It has background vocals by Timbaland. The song is from Nelly Furtado's album "Loose". It was written by Nelly Furtado, Tim Mosley, Nate Hills. It was released on March 5, 2007 as a single and digital download in the United Kingdom. It was very successful worldwide reaching number one in many countries. The song is 3 minutes and 43 seconds long.


title: Greater Poland Voivodeship

paragraphs: Greater Poland Voivodeship is one of the 16 Voivodeships of Poland. It can be found in the western part of Poland. It is mostly in the historical land Greater Poland. The capital of the Voivodeship is Poznań.

paragraphs: Protected areas in Greater Poland Voivodeship include two National Parks and 12 Landscape Parks. These are listed below.


title: Northumbria

paragraphs: The Kingdom of Northumbria (), was a medieval kingdom of the Angles, in what is now northern England and south-east Scotland. It later became an earldom in the Anglo-Saxon Kingdom of England. The name reflects the southern limit to the kingdom's territory, the River Humber.

paragraphs: Northumbria was formed in the early 7th century by Athelfrith, King of Bernicia. He conquered the kingdom of Deira and several British kingdoms and combined them under his rule. The kingdom of Northumbria also included Lindsey at times. Northumbria was a part of the Heptarchy of Anglo-Saxon kingdoms. At its greatest the kingdom extended at least from just south of the Humber river, to the River Mersey and to the Forth (roughly, Sheffield to Runcorn to Edinburgh). The name 'Northumbria' wasn't in common use until the time of Ecgfrith, King of Northumbria. The name is first used in the preamble to the council of Hatfield (680). Ecgfrith was described as king of the Humberfolk'. After the loss of Lindsey (kingdom) which was south of the River Humber, the name became Northumbria in Latin is "Northanhymbrenis." It comes from the Old English "be northan Hymbre" meaning 'to the north of the Humber'. The name Northumbria was still used during the reigns of Kings Canute and Edward the Confessor. William the Conqueror broke up Northumbria into several parts. Yorkshire became the new name for the heartlands of the former kingdom.

paragraphs: Northumbria became an earldom when the southern part of Northumbria (which had been Deira) was lost to the Danelaw. The northern part (which had been Bernicia) was a kingdom for a short time but under the Danish kingdom it also became an earldom. Some of this land was claimed by both England and Scotland. The Earldom of Northumbria was later a part of England by the Anglo-Scottish Treaty of York in 1237. On the northern border, Berwick-upon-Tweed, which is north of the Tweed but had changed hands many times, was defined as subject to the laws of England by the Wales and Berwick Act 1746. The land once part of Northumbria at its peak is now divided by modern administrative boundaries:


title: Hanging (death)

paragraphs: Hanging is caused when a person is held by a rope around the neck. The "Oxford English Dictionary" says that hanging in this sense is "specifically to put to death by suspension by the neck". Hanging is often used as a form of execution or suicide.

paragraphs: The first known account of execution by hanging was in Homer's "Odyssey" (Book XXII). In this meaning of the common word "hang", the past and past participle is "hanged" instead of "hung".


title: Moons of Mars

paragraphs: Mars has two little moons, Phobos and Deimos, which are thought to be captured asteroids. They were found by Asaph Hall in 1877.


title: James Horner

paragraphs: James Roy Horner (August 14, 1953 – June 22, 2015) was an American music director. He scored the music for the 1997 movie "Titanic". He won two Academy Awards in 1998. Horner was born on August 14, 1953 in Los Angeles, California.

paragraphs: Horner was killed in an airplane crash near Los Padres National Forest, California, aged 61.

paragraphs: Horner won two Academy Awards, both in 1998:

paragraphs: Horner also won two Golden Globe Awards, three Satellite Awards, and three Saturn Awards. He was nominated for three British Academy Film Awards.

paragraphs: In October 2013, Horner received the Max Steiner Award at the Hollywood in Vienna Gala. That award is given for extraordinary achievements in the music for movies.


title: MP3 player

paragraphs: An MP3 player is a portable audio device people can use to listen to songs saved in the MP3 format. They can use USB cords or Wi-Fi to connect the device to computers, so that computer files can be transferred to players internal memory.

paragraphs: MP3s are audio files that have been made smaller by removing sounds that the human ear cannot hear. Many newer MP3 players can also be used to view images or movies, or play games. The most well-known MP3 player is the iPod.


title: Wi-Fi Protected Access

paragraphs: Wi-Fi Protected Access (also known as WPA and WPA2) is the name for a number of standards to use encryption on a Wireless LAN. They were made because people found many weaknesses in WEP, or Wired Equivalent Privacy (the standard that came before WPA).

paragraphs: Products that have the label "WPA" were made to work with most cards, even those that came out before there was WPA. This is not true for access points.

paragraphs: Products with the "WPA2" use all of the standard. This started in 2004 and is more secure, but it may not work with some older hardware.

paragraphs: There are two types of WPA. They are called "WPA Personal" and "WPA Enterprise." WPA Personal is used a lot in casual places like people's homes. To connect, you enter a password. WPA Enterprise is used for bigger networks like businesses. To connect, you must enter a username and password given to you by the people in charge of the network.


title: Wired Equivalent Privacy

paragraphs: Wired Equivalent Privacy (also known as WEP) is a standard to use encryption in Wireless LANs. It was introduced in 1999.

paragraphs: In 2001, mathematicians showed that WEP is not very strong. A WEP connection could be decoded, with software that can be easily found, within minutes. Because of this finding, IEEE created a new 802.11i group to fix the problems. By 2003, the Wi-Fi Alliance announced that Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA) would replace WEP, which was a subset of then upcoming 802.11i amendment. Finally in 2004, they made it official and said that it would go ahead. It was part of the full 802.11i standard (also known as WPA2), the IEEE declared that both WEP-40 and WEP-104 are not recommended because they are not secure enough.

paragraphs: Even though it only offers low security, WEP is still widely in use. WEP is often the first security choice presented to users by router configuration tools even. Today, WEP provides a level of security that deters only accidental use. As a result, people can invade and enter the network.

paragraphs: People sometimes call it "Wireless Encryption Protocol", which is wrong.


title: Congress of Vienna

paragraphs: The Congress of Vienna was a conference of ambassadors of the major powers of Europe.

paragraphs: It was held in Vienna from November 1, 1814, to June 8, 1815. The chairman was the Austrian statesman Klemens Wenzel von Metternich.

paragraphs: Its purpose was to decide about the political situation in Europe after the defeat of Napoleon.

paragraphs: To be precise there was never "one" "Congress of Vienna". Instead, there were discussions in informal sessions among the Great Powers.

paragraphs: The Congress was concerned with determining the entire shape of Europe after the Napoleonic wars, with the exception of the terms of peace with France, which had already been decided by the Treaty of Paris, signed a few months earlier, on May 30, 1814.

paragraphs: The four victorious powers hoped to exclude the French from participation in the negotiations, but Charles-Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord managed to get into "her inner councils" in the first weeks of negotiations.


title: Coin collecting

paragraphs: Coin collecting is the hobby of keeping different coins. Some people do it just for pleasure, while others collect coins for the history of the coins. People can collect coins that are old, rare, beautiful or just interesting.

paragraphs: Coin collecting is a very old hobby. Even Julius Caesar collected coins. Some coins are very expensive, because more people want them than there are copies of the coin. Some coin collectors like to collect one coin of each date, or one coin of each King or Queen of a country.

paragraphs: The condition of a coin is very important in finding the value of the coin for collectors. Some coins which are worth almost nothing in poor condition can be worth thousands of times as much in new condition. The term ""mint condition"" means the coin has never been used ("in circulation"), just like it came out of the mint where it was made.

paragraphs: The largest group of American coin collectors is the American Numismatic Association, while the Royal Numismatic Society, which was started in 1826, is one of the largest societies outside the US.

paragraphs: Many catalogs are produced around the world, generally for the coins of the country where the catalog is produced. In the U.S., one guide, the "Red Book" has been produced annually since 1946. In the U.K., the coin dealer Seaby produced catalogs on U.K. coins as well as ancient coins. The catalogs were purchased by Spink's in 1996 and are continuing under the Spink's name. Spink's was founded in 1666.


title: Blood Red Shoes

paragraphs: Blood Red Shoes are an indie music band from Brighton, England. Blood Red Shoes's first album was "Box of Secrets". There are two members: Laura-Mary Carter and Steven Ansell. They are often compared to "The White Stripes" due to the boy-girl drum-guitar setup, but they dislike this comparison and, indeed, the White Stripes themselves. Laura-Mary plays guitar while Steven plays drums.


title: Bret Hart

paragraphs: Bret Hart (born July 2, 1957) is a semi-retired Canadian professional wrestler, writer, and actor. He is a member of the well-known Hart wrestling family of Calgary, Alberta. His father was wrestling legend Stu Hart. He is considered to be one of the most technically sound wrestlers ever. His athletic ability and in-ring knowledge have also been highly praised.

paragraphs: Bret Hart had an amazing career in the WWF, having some of the greatest matches of all time. Some of his best matches were against Mr. Perfect, his one-time brother-in-law British Bulldog, his brother Owen Hart, Stone Cold Steve Austin and Shawn Michaels.

paragraphs: Hart said that he was going to leave the WWF for the companies then biggest competitor, World Championship Wrestling (WCW) and he refused to lose the title in front of his Canadian fans to Michaels. During Survivor Series 1997 in Montreal, Quebec, a real-life screwjob took place when Shawn Michaels put Hart in Hart's own finishing move, the Sharp Shooter. Vince McMahon ordered referee Earl Hebner to call for the bell even though Hart didn't submit. This made Michaels become the WWF Champion. This incident would later become known as the Montreal Screwjob.

paragraphs: Hart retired after being kicked in the head by his opponent, Goldberg, in a match. Soon after he suffered a stroke. He has since partially recovered and has done some stage acting. He wrote a column for The Calgary Sun until 2004.

paragraphs: On January 4 2010, Hart returned to the WWE to be a special guest host for Raw. This was the first time that Hart made a live appearance on Raw in over 12 years. During the night he and Shawn Michaels agreed to a truce, shook hands and hugged. Many fans didn't know if it was real or not but Hart and Michaels later said that their truce was real and not part of a storyline. He also shook hands with Vince but Vince later kicked Hart in the gut which was part of a storyline. Hart along with his family beat Vince McMahon at WrestleMania XXVI in a No Holds Barred Match.


title: La Grange, Illinois

paragraphs: La Grange, a suburb of Chicago, is a village in Cook County, in the U.S. state of Illinois. The population was 15,608 at the 2000 census. The name "La Grange" is French for "the barn."


title: Eurovision Song Contest 2008

paragraphs: The Eurovision Song Contest 2008 was a talent contest hosted in Belgrade, Serbia. It was won by Dima Bilan of Russia, singing the song "Believe". It was a big television event, watched by 250 million people around the world.

paragraphs: In 2008 the contest was split into two semifinals, with 19 countries in each semifinal. The first semifinal was held on May 20, second semifinal on May 22, and the final on May 24.


title: All We Know

paragraphs: All We Know is a 2006 song by Paramore, off the album "All We Know is Falling". It was the last single released off the album.


title: Misery Business

paragraphs: Misery Business is a 2007 song by the band Paramore. It is from the album "RIOT!". The song was released on June 18, 2007. The video features the band playing in a room filled with the graffiti found on the bands album cover, and a person being mean at a school.

paragraphs: At the end of the video, singer Hayley wipes off the other girls makeup and takes something out from under her shirt exposing the girl for what she really is.

paragraphs: This song was controversial. Hayley did regret the use of God in the chorus and said she did not want people to use his name wrongly.


title: Wesfarmers

paragraphs: Wesfarmers is a Australian company. It is one of the two largest retailers in Australia; the other is Woolworths. It owns Coles Supermarkets, K-Mart, Target Bunnings Warehouse and Bi-Lo Supermarkets.


title: Pressure (Paramore song)

paragraphs: Pressure is the first single from the album "All We Know is Falling", by the band Paramore. The song was ranked #62 on the "Billboard" Hot Digital Songs in 2007.


title: Hazelwood North, Victoria

paragraphs: Hazelwood North is a town in Victoria, Australia. Most of people who live there live on farms, about 5 acres big.


title: Hasselt

paragraphs: Hasselt is a city in Belgium. It is the capital of the Belgian province Limburg. It lies about half way between Aachen and Leuven. The city has city privileges since the mid 13th century, the year 1232 to be exact. Today, about 70.000 people live there. Most of them are native Dutch speakers.

paragraphs: Well-known people from Hasselt include Heinrich von Veldeke, probably one of the first writers who did no longer write in Latin, but rather used the German of the time, in the 12th century, Willy Claes, who was NATO secretary in 1994 and 1995, and Axelle Red a contemporary singer-songwriter.

paragraphs: It is located at 50° 55 North, 05° 20 East.


title: Focus on the Family

paragraphs: Focus on the Family (FOTF, or FotF) is an American evangelical group. The non-profit organization was founded in 1977 by James Dobson, and is based in Colorado Springs, Colorado. They have started several ministries, such as Adventures in Odyssey, and Focus on the Family Action.


title: Adventures in Odyssey

paragraphs: Adventures in Odyssey (also known as AIO or just Odyssey) is an Evangelical Christian-themed radio drama and comedy. It was started by Focus on the Family in 1987.

paragraphs: The series takes place in the fictional town of Odyssey. The show is most in an ice cream and discovery emporium called "Whit's End." The place is owned by John Avery Whittaker. The show's episodes have many things in them, such as comedic and melodramatic, but also have thematic and Biblical stories. Its characters often talk about Christianity, and sometimes Bible stories are taught.

paragraphs: "See" Character list "for more information."

paragraphs: "See" AIOHQ.com Voices "for a list of credited "AIO" voice actors."


title: Youth for Christ

paragraphs: Youth for Christ (YFC) is an international Christian ministry that promotes youth evangelism and biblical Christianity. In the early 1940s, during World War II, many young men, mostly ministers and evangelists, were holding large rallies in Canada, the United Kingdom and the United States. In an effort to coordinate these programs Youth for Christ was started in 1944. The organization was co-founded by the Rev. Billy Graham and then-evangelist Charles Templeton.


title: Henry Luce

paragraphs: Henry Robinson Luce (April 3, 1898 – February 28, 1967) was an important American publisher.


title: Big Bear Lake, California

paragraphs: Big Bear Lake is a city in San Bernardino County, California. It is along the south shore of Big Bear Lake. At the 2000 census, 5,438 people lived there. It is a popular place in Southern California, partly because of its skiing areas.


title: Memorial

paragraphs: A memorial is an object which serves as a memory of something, usually a person who has died or a famous event. Statues are a popular type of "memorial".

paragraphs: A memorial hall is a building which serves to remind people of something, again usually people who have died. Memorial halls in the United Kingdom and United States are usually about World War I or World War II. Memorial halls in Germany and Poland are often about the Holocaust, when Nazi Germany killed many Jewish people. Memorial halls in China are usually about the Japanese part of World War II. An important memorial hall is the Nanjing Massacre Museum.


title: Logging

paragraphs: Logging is cutting down trees. It is done to fix forests or harvest logs. People move the logs out of the forest to use them for timber or paper or fuel or other purposes.


title: Kølig Kaj

paragraphs: Kølig Kaj (born 1971) was a Danish rapper who gained national fame in 1997 by winning the Danish Melodi Grand Prix with his song "Stemmen I Mit Liv". His real name is Thomas Lægaard.

paragraphs: At the Eurovision Song Contest in 1997, he ended up 16th, with only 25 points. Following that, Kølig Kaj slowly went away, and has never really gained much success. "Kølig Kaj" literally means "Cool Kaj" (pronounced Kai, rhymes with "high"). He released an album called "Solgt Ud!"


title: Forbidden Planet (bookstore)

paragraphs: The Forbidden Planet is a popular comic book, toys, and other multimedia objects store.


title: Tobey Maguire

paragraphs: Tobias Vincent "Tobey" Maguire (born 27 June 1975) is an American actor. He is best known for playing the role of "Spider-Man" in all three movies (alongside James Franco).

paragraphs: Maguire didn't finish high school because he wanted to be an actor. He got help from Alcoholics Anonymous for an underaged drinking problem. He has been sober ever since. Maguire has been a vegetarian since 1992. In 2009, he became a vegan.

paragraphs: PETA called him the World's Sexiest Vegetarian in 2002. He often makes changes in his diet to either gain or lose weight. For example, he dramatically decreased his calorie intake for "Seabiscuit". Then he quickly gained weight for "Spider-Man 2".

paragraphs: Maguire met Jennifer Meyer in 2003 while he was shooting the movie "Seabiscuit". They became engaged in April 2006. Their daughter Ruby Sweetheart Maguire was born on November 10, 2006. The couple married on September 3, 2007, in Kona, Hawaii. Their second child, Otis Tobias Maguire was born on May 8, 2009.

paragraphs: In 2004, Maguire took up tournament poker. Maguire can be seen on ESPN's coverage of the 2005, 2006, and 2007 World Series of Poker Main Event Championship.


title: Chaplain

paragraphs: A chaplain is typically a priest, pastor, ordained deacon or other member of the clergy. They usually serve a group of people who are not organized as a mission or church, or who are unable to attend church for many reasons, such as poor health, confinement, or military or civil duties.

paragraphs: Chaplains may be members of a Christian church, or followers of Judaism, Islam or humanism. Schools, colleges, prisons, hospitals, and the armed forces commonly provide the services of chaplains.


title: Northwestern College

paragraphs: Northwestern College is in Saint Paul, Minnesota. It is a four-year Christian college. The school was founded on October 2, 1902. Billy Graham was the school's president from 1948 to 1952. Athletic teams at the school are known as "Eagles".


title: Walker (tool)

paragraphs: A walker or walking frame is a tool for disabled people who need help to support and keep balance while walking. The rollator/walker is from Sweden. These are popular items in the mobility aid field.

paragraphs: Generally there are three or four wheel rollators. Most have some type of pouch or basket to carry items. Rollators are often used for long trips or when a person does not want to be slowed down by their mobility equipment. Rollators are often viewed as easier to use than a walker due to their ability to just be pushed instead of lifted.


title: George Beverly Shea

paragraphs: George Beverly "Bev" Shea (February 1, 1909 – April 16, 2013) was a Canadian-American singer and songwriter of gospel music, and has written several hymns. He gained American citizenship in 1941. He worked with Billy Graham for a long time.


Walker


title: James Dobson

paragraphs: James Clayton "Jim" Dobson (born April 21, 1936 in Shreveport, Louisiana) is both the starter and chairman of the board of Focus on the Family. He is an Evangelical.


title: QuickTime

paragraphs: QuickTime (also called QT) is a software made by Apple Inc. It can handle different types of digital video, media clips, sound, text, animation, music, and several types of interactive panoramic images.


title: Subspecies

paragraphs: Subspecies is a classification (taxonomy) in biology. It is directly below species. When looking at the Latin name, subspecies are indicated by the third name. Subspecies can mix with each other; animals or plants from different subspecies can have offspring together (This is usually not the case with animals from different species).

paragraphs: When looking at subspecies, they can also be told apart sufficiently by looking at the appearance or DNA of an animal or plant.

paragraphs: Very often, there are populations that are between two subspecies; this is because evolution is a continuous process. Subspecies can often be recognised by "subsp" or "ssp" (before the third part of the name) especially in botany.

paragraphs: In zoology, when a species is split into subspecies, the first described population is known as the "nominate subspecies", and it repeats the same name as the species. For example, the "Daboia russelii russelii" (known as the Indian Russell's Viper) is a nominate subspecies of the species "Daboia russelii" (known as the Russell's Viper).


title: Centrifugal force

paragraphs: This is the force that acts on the body in a direction away from the centre, which contributes to making the body try to fly away. When you hold a rope with a heavy object attached to it, and rotate it around, the rope becomes tight and keeps the body from flying away. This is caused by centripetal force.

paragraphs: In physics, centrifugal force (from Latin centrum "center" and fugere "to flee") is a fictitious force that appears when describing physics in a rotating reference frame; it acts on anything with mass considered in such a frame. Centrifugal force is "fictitious" because although it may feel to a person like a certain force is being exerted on them, someone outside the scene will see something different.

paragraphs: Example: If John is in a car that takes a sharp right turn, he will feel as though he is being pushed to his left. This is an imaginary force, called a centrifugal force, or a "running away from the center" force. John feels it because he is inside the car and is affected by it. However, if John's friend, Andy, is on the side of the road facing the front of John's car and watches John's car take a sharp right turn, Andy will see the car push John to the right with the car as it changes direction. This is a real force called centripetal force (or an "aiming towards the center" force) and acts towards the center of the circle of rotation.


title: Peeter Volkonski

paragraphs: Peeter Volkonski Peeter (also Piotr Andreevich Volkonsky) (born December 9, 1954, in Tallinn, Estonia) is an Estonian actor and rock-musician composer. He is a Prince from the Rurik Dynasty. He is the key art figure in Estonia.

paragraphs: Peeter Volkonski is a descendant of an aristocratic princely family, son of Prince Andrei Volkonsky. HSH Prince Pyotr Mikhailovich Volkonsky is a great-great-great-great-grandfather of Prince Peeter Volkonski.


title: Bobby V

paragraphs: Robert "Bobby" Wilson (born February 27, 1980), better known by his stage name Bobby V and formerly Bobby Valentino, is an American R&B singer.

paragraphs: Born in Jackson, Mississippi, Bobby moved to Atlanta, Georgia where he attended North Atlanta High School. He returned there to appear in the debut episode of Once Upon A Prom aired on MTV May 19, 2007. He first entered the music scene in 1996, at that time using his real name - Bobby Wilson, with the now-defunct youth quartet Mista. Some years after Mista disbanded, he enrolled in Clark Atlanta University where he majored in Mass Communications, graduating in 2004 with a Bachelor of Arts degree in Mass Communications.

paragraphs: Discovered while singing on the bus, Bobby V first made his mark as the lead singer in the hit teen group, Mista. As a new found member of the Organized Noize Family, Bobby learned firsthand how great music was made from icons such as Outkast, TLC, and Goodie Mob. In 1996 the group released their self-titled debut album and produced chart topping single, "Blackberry Molasses," which still remains a classic to this day. A second unreleased album was recorded with hit makers, Tim & Bob and Delite, but creative differences split the group. After earning his degree in 2003, Bobby returned to the studio full-time and changed his name to Valentino ignoring the fact that the name Bobby Valentino was already in use by a UK singer, songwriter and violinist. Bobby V tried to jump start his career by auditioning for the first season of the hit reality show American Idol, but was rejected by judges, Simon Cowell and Randy Jackson. However, with three albums of demos and by chance one of them got in the hands of multi-platinum recording artist Ludacris. Immediately impressed by his talents, Ludacris and his business partner, Chaka Zulu (president of DTP) signed V as the first R&B artist on Disturbing Tha Peace Records. Soon after, V was re-introduced to the world as a solo artist and featured on the hit single, " Pimpin All Over The World " off of Ludacris' multi-platinum selling album " The Red Light District " in 2004.

paragraphs: His first single, 2005's "Slow Down", from his self-titled debut album became a top 10 hit on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100 chart, receiving a huge amount of radio and TV airplay. V released a second single from his debut album, the remixed "Tell Me" featuring Lil Wayne, and a third single " My Angel ."

paragraphs: The first single of his second album, Special Occasion is titled "Turn the Page."The second single, "Anonymous" starring supermodel/co-writer of the song Amber Rives as his love interest and featuring Timbaland, was released and the video first aired on April 9, 2007 on BET.

paragraphs: On April 29, 2008, V will release his first EP named Come With Me. Following the release, in summer 2008 he will release his third album named Underground Love. A single is out now called "Sexy Girl." It is rumored to be on either album.

paragraphs: In a recent interview with DJBooth.net, V stated that he is no longer signed to either Def Jam or Disturbing The Peace. He said:

paragraphs: He was reportedly upset with the delays and poor sales of "Special Occasion," which caused his decision to leave the labels.


title: Anonymous (song)

paragraphs: Anonymous is the second single from Bobby Valentino's second album, Special Occasion. The song features Amber Rives and Timbaland and was produced by Timbaland and King Logan.

paragraphs: The song was written by Ezekiel "Zeke" Lewis, Balewa Muhammad, Candice Nelson, and Patrick Smith of the popular songwriting/production team "The Clutch"... along with Timbaland,Amber Rives and King Logan.The song shares an electronic drum track with Justin Timberlake's "My Love" due to fact that both singles were produced by Timbaland. The song shares a similar vocal and lyric from the Willie Hutch song "Tell Me Why Our Love Turned Cold".

paragraphs: The music video includes supermodel Amber Rives as Bobby's love interest,Timbaland does not appear, although his verse remains in the song.


title: Mixed drink

paragraphs: A mixed drink is a type of drink where two or more diffent drinks are mixed together to create a new drink. Very often, at least one of the ingredients contains alcohol. Usually, spirits like rum or vodka are used in the mixed drinks containing alcohol.

paragraphs: Examples of mixed drinks are Rum & Coke and Bundy & Rum.

paragraphs: Alcopops are pre-fabricated mixed drinks. They were mainly made for the young. Often they are made so that the alcohol in them cannot be tasted easily.

paragraphs: Mixed drinks without alcohol are often called virgin.


title: Smash Mouth

paragraphs: Smash Mouth is a rock band from San Jose, California, USA.

paragraphs: Formed in 1994, the group is formed by Steve Harwell (lead vocals/Guitar), Greg Camp (guitar), Paul De Lisle (bass), and Kevin Coleman (original drummer). Their most famous song is "Walkin' on the Sun".


title: Mallacoota, Victoria

paragraphs: Mallacoota () is a small town in East Gippsland, Victoria, Australia. Less than 1000 people live there. It is 25 kilometres off the Princes Highway and kilometres from Melbourne. It is the last town on Victoria's east coast before the border with New South Wales. Mallacoota has a small airport (Mallacoota Airport) YMCO (XMC) for private small planes.

paragraphs: The Bidawal Aborigines lived there before Europeans came. Europeans came after about 1830. Gold was found in 1894, and was mined for three years. In the 20th century the logging, farming and fishing industries declined, and the tourism and abalone industries grew. The town's largest business, the abalone co-operative, was started in 1967.


title: Cancuén

paragraphs: Cancuén is an archaeological site of the pre-Columbian Maya civilization, It can be found in the Pasión subregion of the central Maya lowlands. It is located in the present-day Guatemalan Department of El Petén. The city is famous because it has one of the largest palaces in the Maya world.

paragraphs: Cancuén was a major city during the Classic Period. It reached its peak during the seventh century A.D. The city was a major trade center. Especially jade, pyrite and obsidian were traded there. Its strategic position on the Río Pasion helped it dominate trade in the region. Tajal Chan Ahk, one of the city's most powerful rulers, built the city's palace in 770 A.D. The palace covered nearly 23,000 square meters and contained 200 rooms, making it the largest in the Maya area. The city had two ball courts, a large marketplace and a dock on La Pasion River. There are only few large temples or burial sites in the city; it is thought that the inhabitants of Cancuén worshipped and buried their dead in the mountains near the city. Several dozen bodies dressed in royal garments were discovered near the base of the central pyramid. Investigations have shown that the bodies, including the city's ruler at the time, Kan Maax, had been executed and dumped in a cistern. The massacre occurred around 800 A.D., at the time when the Mayan civilization collapsed.


title: Rum

paragraphs: Rum is an alcoholic spirit. It is made from molasses and other sugarcane by-products through fermentation and distillation. Rum is mostly made in or around the Caribbean. Rum is also made in other parts of the world, like Fiji or Australia.


title: Pridon Khalvashi

paragraphs: Pridon Khalvashi (; born 17 May 1925 – July 8 2010) is one of the famous Georgian writers who contributed Georgian poetry and literature, as well as its political and social life.

paragraphs: He was born in western Georgia, in mountainous village of Adjara, called Gegelidzeebi on 17th of May in 1925.

paragraphs: In 1938-1940 he studied at cultural-educational centre of Batumi and in 1950 he graduated Batumi Pedagogical Institute. The starting point of his career is 1949, when his first book of poems called "In the country of Sun" was published.

paragraphs: The poetry of Pridon Khalvashi is created on the basis of historical tragedy of south-western Georgia. At the end of 16th century, the south-western part of Georgia was occupied by the Ottoman Empire. Since then, the region of Ajara, where the writer was born became a part of Turkey until the end of 19th century. His poems and novels express the idea of national unity and feelings that Adjarians experienced while they were under the rule of Turkey.

paragraphs: Pridon Khalvashi is the author of more than 20 poetry books such as "Thought at Chorokhi" (1960), "Please" (1962), "Consolation" (1969). Pridon Khalvashi wrote several dramatic compositions, "The Call of Khikhani" (1958), "The Survived Eternity" (1959) and "Weeping of the Vine" (1962) that were performed at different Georgian theatres. Pridon Khalvashi's poems are translated into several foreign languages such as Russian and Turkish. For the book of poetry called "Hundred Sun of the Mother's Heart", he was awarded by Shota Rustaveli State Prize in 1979.

paragraphs: From 1995 to 1999, Khalvashi was a member of the Georgian Parliament, serving as a member of the Committee On Education, Science and Culture; member of the Committee On Migration and the Compatriots Residing Abroad; and member of Revival Faction. He was also the former head of the Ajar branch of the Georgian writer's union.

paragraphs: Pridon Khalvashi died on July 8, 2010 in Village Gegelidzeebi, Adjara, Georgia.


title: Western Front (World War I)

paragraphs: At the beginning of World War I in 1914, the German army started the Western Front by invading Luxembourg and Belgium. They gained military control of many important industrial regions in France. Their quick advance was stopped by the Battle of the Marne. Both sides then dug defensive trenches. The trenches eventually reached from the North Sea to the Swiss border with France. During the years between 1915 and 1917, many offensives were started from these trenches. Both sides used large numbers of artillery and thousands of infantry in these offensives. However, a combination of entrenchments, machine gun nests, barbed wire, and artillery stopped these advances. No major breakthroughs happened. New military technology, like poison gas, aircraft, and tanks were developed to try and get through these lines of trenches.

paragraphs: The deadlock is mostly due to both sides not allowing a single piece of land to give some kind of advantage to the enemy, even if there was little advantage. As the war continued and more blood was lost on both sides, the soldiers grew more and more tired of war and had begun to make large promises to the government. To keep the war effort going, they begun to say that they would kill soldiers who did not attack, saying that they were betraying the Army if they did not fight.


title: Artifact

paragraphs: Artifact or artefact can be any of the following:


title: Artifact (archaeology)

paragraphs: In archaeology, an artifact or artefact is an object made or modified by a human culture. It is usually found during an archaeological dig. Some artifacts are stone tools, pottery wheels, jewelry, and clothing. The study of artifacts is very important in archaeology.


title: Coba

paragraphs: Coba () is a big ruined city of the Pre-Columbian Maya civilization. It is in the state of Quintana Roo, Mexico. It is about 90 km east of the Maya site of Chichen Itza, about 40 km west of the Caribbean Sea, and 44 km northwest of the site of Tulum. Coba was thought to have had around 50,000 people living in it.


title: Tectonics

paragraphs: Tectonics is the study of the earth's structural features, especially the folding and faulting (cracking) of the Earth's crust.

paragraphs: Tectonics (from Latin, meaning "building") is a field within geology. It includes structures in the lithosphere of the Earth and the forces and movements that have operated to create these structures.

paragraphs: Tectonics is concerned with orogenies (mountain building) and major land features. This includes the earthquake and volcanic regions which affect certain parts of the world. This is discussed further in plate tectonics.

paragraphs: Tectonic studies are also important for understanding erosion patterns in geomorphology and as guides for the economic geologist searching for petroleum and metallic ores.


title: Tajal Chan Ahk

paragraphs: Tajal Chan Ahk, also T'ah 'ak' Cha'an, ruled the Maya city Cancuén from 757 to ca. 799.


title: Elsa Einstein

paragraphs: Elsa Einstein, (18 January 1876 - 20 December 1936), was the second wife of the German phyicist, Albert Einstein. The couple were first cousins and second cousins. This is because their mothers were sisters and their fathers were first cousins. She was born in Hechingen, Germany.


title: Prahova

paragraphs: The word Prahova can be any of these places in Romania:


title: Creation Museum

paragraphs: The Creation Museum is a 75,000 square foot museum near Petersburg, Kentucky, United States. It was made to tell the story of Young Earth creationism. The museum shows its view of the theory of the start of the universe, life, mankind, and man's early history. It is based on the book of Genesis in the Bible. This book is the story of how God made the Earth, and all of its life forms in just six days. This is said to have happened about 6000 years ago. The museum rejects evolution, and points to alternative explanations to answer evolutionist's objections.

paragraphs: The museum has a zoo, botanical gardens, planetarium, theater, bookshop, cafe, and zip-line.

paragraphs: "The state-of-the-art 75,000-square-foot museum brings the pages of the Bible to life, casting its characters and animals in dynamic form and

paragraphs: placing them in familiar settings. Adam and Eve live in the Garden of Eden. Children play and dinosaurs roam near Eden’s Rivers. The serpent coils cunningly in the Tree of the Knowledge of Good and Evil. Majestic murals, great masterpieces brimming with pulsating colors and details, provide a backdrop for many of the settings." - The Creation Museum website

paragraphs: The Creation Museum is run by Answers in Genesis.


title: George Whitefield

paragraphs: George Whitefield (December 16, 1714 - September 30, 1770), was a preacher in the Church of England. He was one of the leaders of the Methodist movement. Colonists loved to hear him preach of love and forgiveness as he had a different style of preaching compared to Old World priests. This led to new missionary work in the Americas in converting Indians to Christianity. He helped establish the Evangelical movement, which was based on the idea that salvation could be achieved through believing in Jesus and following God’s word in the Bible.


title: Timiş River

paragraphs: The Timiş or Tamiš (Romanian: "Timiş"; Serbian: Тамиш or "Tamiš"; German: "Temesch"; Hungarian: "Temes") is a 359 kilometer long river coming up from the Semenic Mountains, the southern part Carpathian Mountains, in Caraş-Severin County, Romania. It flows through the Banat region and into the Danube near Pančevo, in the northern part of Serbia.

paragraphs: The Timiş River's Drainage area covers 13.085 km² (in Romania 8.085 km², in Serbia 5,000 km²).

paragraphs: The river starts at the joining of the headwaters Brebu,<br>Grădiştea and Semenic in Lake Trei Ape.

paragraphs: The river flows through Romania for 241 km.

paragraphs: These are the tributaries of the Timiş River: Râul Rece, Slatina, Valea Mare, Măcicaş River, Pârâul Lung, Armeniş River, Sebeş, Bistra, Şurgani River, Timişana, Pogăniş River, Timişul Mort River and Vena Mare. In its 118 km course through Serbia it has only one tributary, albeit the longest one, Brzava.

paragraphs: Big cities in the rivers Romanian flow are Caransebeş and Lugoj.

paragraphs: These are the smaller smaller towns and cities that lie along the Timiş River:

paragraphs: One of the big Romanian cities, Timişoara, though the name makes it seem like it, is not settled on the river. Although, the name comes from the river, when about 800 years ago the region was a swampy one and the Timiş had a very large flow area. In 1728 when the rivers Timiş and Bega were canalized, Timiş stopped to flow through the city.


title: Timiş

paragraphs: The name Timiş can be any of the following:


Nera


title: Communes of Romania

paragraphs: A commune ("comună" in Romanian) is the second lowest level of division in Romania. There are 2,686 communes in Romania. There is no set limit to population in the communes, but once they exceed a population of 10,000 people, the commune gets the status of a city. The first lowest level of division in Romania is called "sat". "Satele" (pl.) are for the "comuna" just like the counties for the state.


title: Municipalities of Romania

paragraphs: A municipality ("municipiu" in Romanian, from Latin "municipium") is a kind of subdivision in Romania.

paragraphs: The following is a complete list of the municipalities of Romania, by county:


title: The Way of the Master

paragraphs: The Way of the Master (WOTM) is a Christianity based evangelism ministry that is against LGBTQ+ rights and women's rights. It was started in 2002. The show is hosted by American actor Kirk Cameron, and New Zealand-born evangelist Ray Comfort. The organization has a TV show, many books, and an online school.

paragraphs: The television show, first aired in December 2003. It is a half-hour show hosted by Cameron and Comfort, teaching principles of biblical evangelism. It also shows interviews they have with people on the streets. Two 13-episode seasons have been put on television. They are broadcast by satellites to more than 100 countries. It is also available on DVD.

paragraphs: "The Way of the Master Radio" program was hosted by Christian and former comedian Todd Friel. It also had regular appearances by both Comfort and Cameron. It has faith-related commentary, and humor from Friel, as well as many people evangelizing. The radio program ran from January 2006 until November 2008.

paragraphs: Living Waters Publications (LWP) is like an online store for WOTM. It sells around 80 different gospel tracts. Some of which are the "Million Dollar Bill," "Giant $100 Bill," and "Ten Commandments Coins."


title: Don't Stop the Music

paragraphs: Don't Stop the Music (also known as Please Don't Stop the Music) is a song reocrded by Barbadian recording artist Rihanna. It was released September 7, 2007 from her third studio album "Good Girl Gone Bad". "Don'y Stop the Music" was written by Tawanna Dabney and Michael Jackson with producers StarGate. The song also samples "Wanna Be Startin' Somethin'" by Michael Jackson.


title: Nick Carter

paragraphs: Nickolas Gene Carter (born January 28, 1980) is an American actor, musician, and pop singer. He is a member of the music group Backstreet Boys. In 2002, he released his first solo album called "Now or Never", the album reached #17 on Billboard 200 and was certified gold.


title: Howie Dorough

paragraphs: Howard Dwaine Dorough (born August 22, 1973), also known as Howie D, is an American singer. He was a member of the boy band Backstreet Boys. As one of the five singers of the Backstreet Boys, Dorough is notable for his high falsetto. As a Backstreet Boy, he has sold over 130 million albums.

paragraphs: On August 16, 2007, Dorough announced his engagement to long-time girlfriend, Leigh Boniello. He asked her to marry him on New Year's Day of that year. The two were married on December 8, 2007. They have one son, James, born in 2009.


title: A. J. McLean

paragraphs: Alexander James McLean (born January 9, 1978) is an American musician and member of the singing group Backstreet Boys.

paragraphs: In December 2003, McLean and his mother appeared on the Oprah Winfrey Show to talk about his recovery from clinical depression, alcoholism, and drug use.

paragraphs: In 2008, McLean performed two solo shows at the Anaheim House of Blues and The Roxy in Los Angeles. The show consisted of his solo material and a solo version of the Backstreet Boys hit, "Incomplete".


title: Brian Littrell

paragraphs: Brian Thomas Littrell (born February 20, 1975) is an American singer. He is best known as a member of the Backstreet Boys. He is also a contemporary Christian recording artist, and released a solo album, "Welcome Home (You)", in 2006.

paragraphs: In the summer of 2005, Littrell solo single "In Christ Alone" went to #1 on the Christian Charts on July 4th. Littrell was the winner of the 2006 GMA Music Award for Inspirational Recorded Song of the Year, "In Christ Alone," which won both the 1993 award in this category (when recorded by Michael English) and the 1994 Song of the Year at the GMA Music Awards. Brian's first solo album, "Welcome Home (You)" was released on May 2, 2006. As with the Backstreet Boys albums, is a Sony BMG release.

paragraphs: Littrell and his wife Leighanne Littrell have one son together, Baylee Thomas Wylee Littrell, who was born in November 26, 2002.


title: Kevin Richardson

paragraphs: Kevin Scott Richardson (born October 3, 1971) is an American singer. He is a member of the Backstreet Boys. In 2002, he played the role of "Billy Flynn" in the Broadway production of "Chicago". He also performed this role in London's West End and in Toronto from November 2006 – December 2006.

paragraphs: In June 2006, Richardson left the Backstreet Boys. He wanted to "move on with the next chapter of [his] life."In the next chapter of his life he spent the summer drawing fodder beet. He also drew home a few loads of turf in a little car trailer to have for the winter. Kevin and wife Kristin (née Willits) had a son named Mason on July 3, 2007.

paragraphs: In April 2012, Richardson officially rejoined the group.


title: Spanish conquest of Yucatán

paragraphs: The Spanish Conquest of Yucatán was the campaign undertaken by the Spanish "conquistadores" against the Late Postclassic Maya states. This part of the conquest and colonization of the Americas began in the early 16th century, but it took more time than the similar campaigns against the Aztec and Inca Empires. It was about 170 years later before the last Maya stronghold fell, that of the Itza capital of Tayasal on Lake Petén Itzá, in 1697. But except for the Petén region and the Guatemalan highlands, the Spanish had control over Yucatán itself already by 1546.

paragraphs: Unlike the campaigns against the Aztec and Inca states, the Maya had no single political center. Therefore the Spanish had to fight city by city to break resistance by the indigenous peoples.

paragraphs: In the beginning the "conquistadores" were mainly interested to get as much gold and silver as possible. Because the Maya lands were poor in this respect, they were not very interesting for the Spanish at that stage. But when land workers became important for the colonies, the Spanish turned to the Maya region. That was around the 1520s.


title: Becquerel

paragraphs: The becquerel (symbol Bq) is the SI derived unit of radioactivity, defined as the activity of a quantity of radioactive material in which one nucleus decays per second.

paragraphs: A petabecquerel is 10 times a becquerel, formula_1 s, s for second, dimensionally is it second minus one, i.e. inverse seconds.

paragraphs: The unit is named in honor of Henri Becquerel.


title: Popol Vuh

paragraphs: The Popol Vuh ("K'iche" for "Council Book" or "Book of the Community"; "Popol Wu'uj" in modern spelling) is a book written in the Classical Quiché language. It contains mythological stories and a genealogy of the rulers of the Post-Classic Quiché Maya kingdom of highland Guatemala.

paragraphs: The book contains a creation myth followed by mythological stories of two Hero Twins: Hunahpu (Modern K'iche': "Junajpu") and Xbalanque (Modern K'iche': "Xb‘alanke"). The second part of the book deals with details of the foundation and history of the Quiché kingdom.

paragraphs: The book is written in the Latin alphabet, but it is thought to have been based on an original Maya codex. The original manuscript which was written around 1550 has been lost, but a copy of another handwritten copy in the early 18th century exists today in Chicago.

paragraphs: The significance of the book is enormous since it is one of a small number of early Mesoamerican mythological texts — it is often considered the single most important piece of Mesoamerican literature.

paragraphs: The book begins with the creation myth of the K'ichee' Maya, which credits the creation of humans to the three water-dwelling feathered serpents:

paragraphs: and to the three other deities, collectively called "Heart of heaven":

paragraphs: who together attempted to create human beings to keep him company.

paragraphs: Their first attempts proved unsuccessful. They attempted to make man of mud, but man could neither move nor speak. After destroying the mud men, they tried again by creating wooden creatures that could speak but had no soul or blood and quickly forgot him. Angered over the flaws in his creation, they destroyed them by tearing them apart. In their final attempt, the “True People” were constructed with maize. The following is an excerpt of this myth:

paragraphs: The Popol Vuh continues to be an important part in the belief system of many Quiché.

paragraphs: Here are the opening lines of the book, in modernized spelling and punctuation (from Sam Colop's edition):

paragraphs: Here is the opening of the creation story:


title: North Berwick

paragraphs: North Berwick is a town in East Lothian, Scotland. It is known for its beaches, harbour and golf courses.

paragraphs: The town is close to Edinburgh, the capital city of Scotland.


title: Jean-Luc Picard

paragraphs: Jean-Luc Picard is a "" character. Patrick Stewart played as Jean-Luc Picard. He was the captain of the USS Enterprise-D, and later of the USS Enterprise-E. He was born in la Barre, France, on Earth. He had a brother, named Robert Picard. Jean-Luc was proud of being French.

paragraphs: As a character, Picard is very similar to James T. Kirk, albeit slightly older. While Picard is understood to be French, Kirk is of Irish heritage.

paragraphs: Both require equal discipline of their crews, but are also fair toward them. Both are ready to sacrifice themselves for their crews when need be. Their encounter in the movie "Star Trek – Generations" gave the surviving Picard a great deal of newfound strength to carry on his demanding mission.

paragraphs: Picard was also known as Locutus of the Borg in the episodes "Best of Both Worlds" 1 and 2.


title: McCune-Reischauer

paragraphs: McCune-Reischauer romanization (Maek'yun-Raisyawŏ P'yogipŏp) is one of the two most widely used Korean language romanization systems, along with the Revised Romanization of Korean, which replaced (a modified) McCune-Reischauer as the official romanization system in South Korea in 2000. Another variant of McCune-Reischauer is used as the official system in North Korea.


title: Revised Romanization of Korean

paragraphs: The Revised Romanization of Korean is what South Korea uses to turn their writing system into the Roman alphabet. It's meant to replace the McCune-Reischauer system.

paragraphs: These are what the vowels of the Revised Romanization of Korean look like.


title: Lake Annecy

paragraphs: Lake Annecy ("Lac d'Annecy" in French) is a lake in the Haute-Savoie area of France. It is the second biggest lake in France.


title: Haute-Savoie

paragraphs: Haute-Savoie is a département in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region of southeastern France, bordering Switzerland and Italy.

paragraphs: Before 1860, the territory of the modern Haute-Savoie and Savoie departments had been part of the Kingdom of Sardinia, as a Duchy, since 1713. Annexation of the region by France was made in 1860. In that year, the Emperor Napoléon III divided the territory in two departments: "Savoie", to the south, with the city of Chambéry, and "Haute-Savoie", to the north, with the city of Annecy.

paragraphs: "Haute" ("High") in the name Haute-Savoie is not because of the altitude but because of its position, to the north, in the territory.

paragraphs: The department of Haute-Savoie was created in 1860 from the northern part of the Duchy of Sardinia with four "arrondissements": Annecy, Bonneville, Saint-Julien and Thonon. The capital was Annecy.

paragraphs: On 10 September 1926, the "arrondissement" of Saint-Julien was eliminated but became again an arrondissement in 1933.

paragraphs: During World War II, the department was occupied by the fascist Italy, from November 1942 to September 1943.

paragraphs: The Haute-Savoie is part of the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region. It has an area of .

paragraphs: The department borders with the Ain and Savoie departments, both in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region, and with Switzerland and Italy.

paragraphs: In the territory of the department is a part of the "Mont Blanc massif", on the border with Italy. The average altitude of the department is of about . The highest point in the department is "Mont Blanc" (; it is high, the highest point of France, Italy and of Western Europe.

paragraphs: The Haute-Savoie department is within the watershed of the Rhône river but with short rivers. There are two important lakes in the department: the Lake Geneva, shared with Switzerland, and the Lake Annecy.

paragraphs: The Köppen climate classification type for the climate at Annecy is an "Oceanic climate" (also known as Maritime Temperate climate) and of the subtype Cfb.

paragraphs: Haute-Savoie is managed by the "Departmental Council of Haute-Savoie" in Annecy. The department is part of the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region.

paragraphs: There are 4 "arrondissements" (districts), 17 "cantons" and 281 "communes" (municipalities) in Haute-Savoie.

paragraphs: The following is a list of the 17 cantons of the Haute-Savoie department (with their INSEE codes), following the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015:

paragraphs: The inhabitants of Haute-Savoie are known, in French, as "Haut-Savoyards" (women: "Haut-Savoyardes").

paragraphs: Haute-Savoie had a population, in 2014, of 783,127, for a population density of inhabitants/km. The "arrondissement" of Annecy, with 276,382 inhabitants, is the "arrondissement" with more inhabitants.

paragraphs: Evolution of the population in Haute-Savoie

paragraphs: The "communes" in the department with more inhabitants are:


title: Chartres Cathedral

paragraphs: Chartres Cathedral (, "Our Lady of Chartres") is a cathedral. It is in Chartres, about 80 km south of Paris. It is built in the Gothic style. Together with Amiens Cathedral and Reims Cathedral it is considered to be one of the finest examples of Gothic architecture (for churches) in France.

paragraphs: A church was inaugurated at the spot by Charles the Bald in the year 864. The cathedral as it stands now was built from 1194 to 1260. It was made a basilica minor in 1908. In 1964 it was made an World Heritage Site by UNESCO.


title: Lough Neagh

paragraphs: Lough Neagh is a lake in Northern Ireland, United Kingdom. It is the biggest lake in Ireland and it is also the biggest lake in the United Kingdom. It is the only lake on the islands that a person cannot see the other side.

paragraphs: In Irish mythology a giant called Fionn mac Cumhaill (finn mick cool) was fighting with a Scottish giant and he picked up a big stone to throw at the Scottish giant but he missed. The stone landed half way between Ulster and Wales and it became an island known as the Isle of Man. The hole in the ground where stone stone had been, filled up with water and became Lough Neagh.


title: Intel Core 2

paragraphs: Intel Core 2 is a group of microprocessors created to replace Intel's previous Core brand. The group includes the single-core "Core 2 Solo", dual-core (2 cores) "Core 2 Duo", and quad-core (4 cores) "Core 2 Quad" microprocessors. Microprocessors with the name "Extreme" following the brand name, such as Core 2 Extreme, are higher in cost, and perform better than the others. The Extreme versions also come in dual-core and quad-core versions.

paragraphs: The processors with names ending in "XE" are the "Extreme" versions.


title: Deanna Troi

paragraphs: Deanna Troi is a "" character. Actress Marina Sirtis played the character on the television series and several movies.

paragraphs: Troi served as the ship's counselor. She is half human and half Betazoid. She can sense how others feel.

paragraphs: She was born on March 29, 2336 on Betazed, her home planet. She had an older sister, called Kestra. She attended Starfleet Academy between 2355 to 2359.

paragraphs: She also attended the University on Betazed were she studied psychology.


title: Soulcalibur

paragraphs: Soulcalibur, known in Japan as (ソウルキャリバー Sourukyaribā), is a fighting video game made by Namco for the Arcades and the Dreamcast video game console.


title: Disney's Aladdin Junior

paragraphs: Disney's Aladdin Junior ("Aladdin Jr.") is a musical. It is based on the 1992 Disney animated movie, "Aladdin". The music was written by Alan Menken. The lyrics were written by Howard Ashman and Tim Rice. The musical is written to be performed by child actors. It is one of the musicals in the Broadway Junior series by Music Theatre International.


title: Polynomial

paragraphs: In mathematics, a polynomial is a kind of mathematical expression. It is a sum of several mathematical terms called monomials. That is, a number, a variable, or a product of a number and several variables. When an algebraic expression contains letters mixed with numbers and arithmetic, like "7x⁴-3x³+19x²-8x+197", there is a good chance that it is a polynomial. Polynomials are taught in algebra, which is a gateway course to all technical subjects. Mathematicians, scientists and engineers all use polynomials to solve problems.

paragraphs: In algebra, when letters, numbers, and arithmetic symbols occur together, the understanding is that the letters stand for variables, which are either symbols of their own, numbers not yet known, or numbers that change during the course of the problem (such as time). A polynomial is an algebraic expression in which the only arithmetic is addition, subtraction, multiplication and whole number exponentiation. If harder operations are used, such as division or square roots, then this algebraic expression is not a polynomial. Polynomials are often easier to use than other algebraic expressions.

paragraphs: Polynomials are often used to form polynomial equations, such as the equation "7x⁴-3x³+19x²-8x+197" = 0, or polynomial functions, such as "f"("x") = "7x⁴-3x³+19x²-8x+197".

paragraphs: Given a series of "n" numbers formula_1, a polynomial of variable formula_2 generally takes the form formula_3. The parts of a polynomial separated by plus (or minus) signs are called "terms", and the signs are themselves part of the term.

paragraphs: Thus, in the polynomial "7x⁴-3x³+19x²-8x+197", the terms are:

paragraphs: If a polynomial has only one term, it is called a "monomial". Monomial are also the building blocks of polynomials. For example, 5"x" is a monomial.

paragraphs: In a term, the multiplier out in front is called a "coefficient". The letter is called an "unknown" or a "variable", and the raised number after the letter is called an exponent. On a calculator and some computers, instead of putting an exponent above and to the right of the variable, the symbol ^ is used, so that the monomial above could be written as 5"x"^3.

paragraphs: A polynomial with exactly two terms is called a "binomial". A polynomial with exactly three terms is called a "trinomial". Within a term:


title: Unknown (math)

paragraphs: In mathematics, an unknown is a number we do not know. They are commonly used in algebra, where they are also known as variables and represented by symbols such as formula_1, formula_2 and formula_3.

paragraphs: In science, an unknown value is represented by a letter in the Roman or Greek alphabet. They are used most often in physics, where equations are used to describe the relationship between physical properties. For example, in the equation formula_4, the letter "formula_5" represents an unknown (in this case, mass), and the letter "formula_6" also represents an unknown (in this case the amount of energy). If we know the value of all but one of the unknowns, then we would be able to easily find out the value of the last unknown—by "solving" the equation in terms of that last unknown.

paragraphs: When letters in science are used this way, not all of them represent unknowns. Indeed, some of them might be physical constants, which are values that are known to be the same and do not change. In the example above, "formula_7" represents a known quantity, the speed of light, which is about 186 thousand miles per second. And because "formula_7" is so large, the formula formula_4 tells a person who understands algebra that in an atomic reaction, a small amount of mass can produce a very large amount of energy.


title: Agnieszka Włodarczyk

paragraphs: Agnieszka Włodarczyk (born 13 December 1980 in Sławno) is a Polish actress and singer, who won the Polish version of "Soapstar Superstar" ("Jak oni śpiewają") in 2007. She first rose to fame for her role as Agnieszka in the Polish sitcom "13 Posterunek", which was directed by Maciej Slesicki. In addition to series, she has also appeared in a number of other famous Polish sitcoms and movies, including "Świat według Kiepskich", "Nastroje" and in Waldemar Dziki's movie "Pierwszy Milion" (2000r.). In the TV series "Zostac Miss", she plays a student of philosophy, and in "Plebania" she plays Wiki, the sister of a vicar. In 2002, she had a role in Olaf Lubaszenko's comedy "E=MC2". Since 2003, she has had a role in the series “Czego sie boją faceci, czyli seks w mniejszym miescie”. In 2004, she took part in "Nigdy w Życiu!" as Jola. She also performed in the series "Dziki" (2004r.) and in its sequel "Dziki 2. Pojedynek" (2005r.). She has recently signed a contract with the Polish publishing-house My Music.


title: The Last of the Clan McDuck

paragraphs: The Last of the Clan McDuck is a comic about Scrooge McDuck. It is the first chapter of "The Life and Times of Scrooge McDuck". The story is set from 1877 to 1880 when Scrooge is a child. At his 10th birthday, Scrooge goes with his father, Fergus, to visit the McDuck family castle. Fergus tells him the history of Clan McDuck.


title: The Master of the Mississippi

paragraphs: "The Master of the Mississippi" is the second chapter of "The Life and Times of Scrooge McDuck".

paragraphs: Scrooge comes to America. Here he begins to work on his uncle Pothole McDuck's boat. Scrooge has his first adventure with the Beagle Boys finding a lost treasure. The Beagles are arrested by the police and Scrooge buys his uncle's boat. The Beagles then escape and destroy Scrooge's boat.


title: The Richest Duck in the World

paragraphs: "The Richest Duck in the World" is the last chapter of "The life and times of Scrooge McDuck".

paragraphs: The chapter began like the movie "Citizen Kane": opened at a huge dark mansion here somebody sit down on a chair say a word. At a street, Donald Duck and his nephews are watching TV: Scrooge is retired and lives in Manor McDuck, closed his empire. At Scrooge's mansion, Scrooge is irrited when Donald says that he spent most of his fortune into luxuries. To prove that he be wrong, Scrooge brings them up to Money Bin shows where his vault full of money. The Beagles try to steal the fortune but Scrooge and the boys pursuing us down the street and catch them. Scrooge decides to return to work and he vai begin to sell his mansion.