title: East India DLR station

paragraphs: East India is a station on Docklands Light Railway (DLR) in east London. It takes its name from the nearby former East India Docks of the Port of London, where ships trading with the Indian subcontinent used to dock.

paragraphs: It is on the Beckton branch of the DLR, and is in Travelcard Zones 2 and 3. It opened, with the Beckton Branch, on 28 March 1994.


title: Blackwall DLR station

paragraphs: Blackwall is a station on Docklands Light Railway (DLR) in east London. The station is close to the northern entry to the Blackwall road tunnel under the Thames.

paragraphs: Blackwall station is on the Beckton branch of the DLR between Poplar and East India stations, and is in Travelcard Zone 2.

paragraphs: The DLR station opened, with the Beckton Branch, on the 28 March 1994. There was a previous station on the same site, called Poplar station, which was served by the London and Blackwall Railway from 6 July 1840 to 3 May 1926. Blackwall station on the London and Blackwall Railway was actually farther east. The location of these two stations on the London and Blackwall Railway can be seen in the bottom-right hand corner of the Map of Poplar, 1885.

paragraphs: There is a crossover west of the station which allows trains from Beckton, Poplar or Woolwich Arsenal to reverse here.


title: Amazonas Region

paragraphs: The Region of Amazonas is a region of Peru. It is in the northwest part of the country. Its capital is the city of Chachapoyas.

paragraphs: The Amazonas Region has a lot of rainforests and mountain ranges. The rainforest zone covers 72.93% of the area, and it goes to the north, up to the border with Ecuador. It does this in the summits of the Cordillera del Cóndor. The mountain range zone is in the southern provinces of the Amazonas Region. It makes up 27.07% of the region's land.

paragraphs: Aguaruna and Huambisa people live in the region.

paragraphs: The 2007 Peru Census says that the language learnt first by most of the people was Spanish (84.90%). The following table shows the results of the language learnt first in the Amazonas Region by province:


title: Wayuu

paragraphs: The Wayúu are a tribe of native people living in La Guajira Peninsula, between Colombia and Venezuela.

paragraphs: The Wayúu live in La Guajira Peninsula in Colombia and Venezuela. La Guajira Peninsula is on the Caribbean Sea coast. The two main rivers that flow through this area are; the Racheria River in Colombia and El Limon River in Venezuela. The Wayúu and other people that live there create ponds to keep water stored from the rain season.


title: Waxing

paragraphs: Waxing is a method of removing hair from the body. Waxing removes the whole hair including the root. Both men and women engage in waxing, as do female children as young as eight. Any area of the body can be waxed but the more common areas are the legs, underarms, genitals, torso and face. There are health concerns about waxing such as pain, inflammation, infection and physical damage to the skin. At least two women have been hospitalized due to bikini waxing. The waxing of young girls has been criticized and concerns over emotional problems have been raised by parents and by doctors and psychologists. Although it is known as "waxing" not all treatments of this kind use wax. Some waxing treatments use a sugar mixture in the same manner as wax.

paragraphs: Any area of the body where hair grows can be waxed. The most commonly waxed areas are;

paragraphs: Women in Ancient Egypt removed unwanted hair with a sticky mixture of honey and oil. Women in the Middle East have used a sugaring mixture which is made up of a paste of warm sugar, lemon juice, and water. In 1922 Sears started selling razors to women and the ability for them to remove unwanted hair began. Pubic hair removal began during World War II when the US government ordered less material to be used in making women's bathing suits and the bikini was invented causing some women to have hair stick out the sides of the bikini bottom. In the 1960s waxing products became available.

paragraphs: Waxing rips the hair out of the skin and often causes pain. The pain increases in areas such as the genitals, especially for people who have not waxed before or do not wax often. Redness and swelling also often occurs at the waxing site. Waxing is itself a safe thing, but there are times when it is not safe to get waxed. When skin is sunburned it is not good to get a wax treatment. Allegic reactions can also happen with waxing. People with medical problems such as diabetes, chronic kidney or liver disease, skin conditions such as eczema or psoriasis, or weakened immune systems are advised not to get wax treatments at all. At least one woman, with diabetes, almost died due to getting a bikini wax and becoming infected and another woman was hospitalised after being waxed in her genital area. In 2007 the New Jersey State Board of Cosmetology and Hairstyling came close to banning genital waxing based on health concerns. There is also concern about the trend to remove all or most of the pubic hair from a person's genitals. Dr. Linda K. Franks, assistant clinical professor of dermatology at the New York University School of Medicine, says "Pubic hair is there for a reason—to protect the sensitive skin and mucous membranes in the genital region, getting a wax literally strips away that layer of protection." Waxing can pull small pieces of skin off the body. This is usually minor and is not usual. Skin infections can also occur such as staph, folliculitis (infection of the hair follicles). Ingrown hairs are also quite common and can become infected.

paragraphs: Young children also get waxing treatment with children as young as eight receiving wax treatments such as eyebrows, legs and genital waxing. Such genital waxing on young girls has been called "virgin bikini" waxes, and is aimed at either reducing the girl's need for pubic hair removal in the future or stopping hair growth permanently with as few as five or six treatments as long as the child has never shaved before. The increase demand for preteen waxing is being met by spas, with some 10,000 spas in offering services only for young girls and early teenagers in the United States of America alone. The International Spa Association has reported that 16% of teens who have had spa treatments have had waxing done. The association has not been able to give figures for younger children because it is illegal to survey them.

paragraphs: Both parents, and children say that young girls feel pressure from television shows and other children to look pretty and sexy and say that peer pressure, magazines, pop stars like Britney Spears and TV shows like Miley Cyrus' Hannah Montana increase children's demands to have spa treatments such as waxing, microdermabrasion and chemical peels. Such pressure has been reported to cause intense stress and emotional problems in young girls. The opinions of boys about girl's beauty is also a pressure to look their best with reports of boys rating girls on a scale of 1 to 10 at school.

paragraphs: Dr. Diane Levin, professor of education at Wheelock College in Boston and co-author of the book "So Sexy So Soon: The New Sexualized Childhood and What Parents Can Do to Protect Their Kids" (a book critical of the sexualization of children), believes child waxing to be bad because it tells girls to “keep your bodies like little girls’ because that’s what men like.” This is backed up with surveys that show that 93% of men want women to, at least, remove some hair from their pubic area. Dr. Doris Pastor, a pediatrician, feels that the problem is not whether young children get wax treatments but that such events might encourage young children and preteens to take part in risky behaviour. Pubic hair waxing of children has caused concern with doctors. Dr. Janice Hillman, of the Penn Health System, a specialist in adolescent medicine, when checking for pubic hair on young girls as a sign of development has said she often has to ask the girls if they wax because it has become so common.

paragraphs: Concern has also been raised by the cost of such treatments, making regular waxing often only available to children with well paid parents, leaving girls from poorer families unable to compete for beauty and so being made fun off by those who can afford them.


title: Vinoba Bhave

paragraphs: Vinoba Bhave (1895-1982), was a philosopher and revolutionist of India. He was a pupil of Mahatma Gandhi (1869~ 1948), who was called "Mahatma", meaning a great sage. Vinoba Bhave also lived following the doctrine of ahimsa, which means nonviolence. His ideas were also influenced by his grandfather, father, and mother. His grandfather taught him about the purity of spirit. He got the Bharat Ratna award by Indian government in 1983. His father, who was yoga ascetic, taught him how to think scientifically. His mother taught him what a faith is.

paragraphs: There are a lot of accomplishments he made. The most famous thing is "Budan", which is an idea of sharing lands with the poor. He argued that land is not something that can be occupied. He insisted that land owners should donate their one sixth of their land to people who do not have land. He campaigned to give rice to hungry people. And he also did a campaign of self-supporting and self-sufficient. These worked successfully and he became a great man of India.


title: Cheongsam

paragraphs: Cheongsam is typical, traditional clothing for Chinese women. Also known as Qipao (Ch'ipau).

paragraphs: A cheongsam usually has two long slits at either side of the hem for convenient movement and display of the legs. Unlike a short skirt, the slits of cheongsam show a woman's legs when she walks.


title: Kikuyu

paragraphs: Kikuyu is the largest tribe in Kenya. They are 22% of Kenya's population and are of Bantu ethnicity.

paragraphs: There are two theories explaining where the Kikuyu came from. First, it is believed the Kikuyus came from Central Africa, where all the Bantus once lived. They then moved south towards present day Tanzania where the migrating group separated again and the Kikuyus moved towards Mount Kenya, where they settled. The second theory is that they came from a mythical place called Shungwaya, which is present day Somalia.

paragraphs: According to Kikuyu creation stories, Ngai (their God) made a man, called Gikuyu, and his wife, Mumbi, and settled them on Mount Kenya. Gikuyu and Mumbi had nine daughters who form the major groups of the Kikuyu people. Due to the fertile soil on Mount Kenya and the hard work of the Kikuyu people, they grew more than they needed and started trading with their neighbours, the Maasai (a Nilotic tribe). The Kikuyus swapped their farm produce and crops for the animal products from the Maasai, who kept livestock. It is also believed that the Maasai are the ones who married the nine daughters of Gikuyu and Mumbi.

paragraphs: Members of the Kikuyu tribe speak the Kikuyu language. The Kikuyu greeting is "Wi mwega?" which means "Are you fine?". There are a few Kikuyu dialects depending on region. Kikuyus from Nyeri, for instance, have other forms of greeting including: "Wakia Maitu" greeting an elderly female, "Wakia Awa" greeting an elderly male, and "Wanyua" for agemates.

paragraphs: The Kikuyu language is also similar to other languages like Meru, Mbeere, and Embu which are believed to have been once part of the Kikuyu tribe but moved away and formed their own tribes. Even though English and Kiswahili are the main languages spoken in Kenya across tribes, the Kikuyu language is still spoken a lot today as a sense of cultural pride.

paragraphs: Famous people from this tribe include: Jomo Kenyatta (the first president of Kenya), Mwai Kibaki (the third president of Kenya), Uhuru Kenyatta (current president) and Wangari Maathai (the first African female Nobel Peace Prize winner.)


title: Incheon International Airport

paragraphs: Incheon International Airport is the largest international airport in South Korea where all international flights leave and arrive every day. Gimpo Airport located near city Seoul used to be the international airport for Korea. However as the population grew and needs for places to stay increased in the area, Gimpo Airport no longer could expand its capacity to meet the growing demands for international flights. To solve the problem, a construction plan for a new 24 hour airport was started in 1992. Incheon International Airport is in Incheon City Jung-gu Unseo-dong (37°27′5″N, 126°26′4″E). Incheon International Airport Railroad (A'REX) and Incheon International Airport Highway were built to join the airport to Seoul. The airport is operated by Incheon International Airport Corporation (IIAC) and it is owned by the government of South Korea.

paragraphs: Incheon International Airport opened on March 29th, 2001. It was built on reclaimed land between Yongjongdo and Youngyudo. First stage of building started in 1992 and it took eight years and four months to finish. It cost 7.8 trillion Won. This allowed Incheon International Airport to have up to 170,000 flights, 27,000,000 passengers and 1,700,000 tons of cargo per year. Stage Two began in 2002 and was completed on June 20th 2008. The airport now has the capacity of holding 410,000 flights, 44,000,000 passengers, and 4,500,000 tons of cargo per year. When the airport is finished in 2020, it will have two passenger terminals, four satellite concourses, 128 gates, and four parallel runways. It will be able to have up to 100 million passengers, and 7 million tons of cargo per year.

paragraphs: Incheon International Airport has passenger facilities (main passenger terminal, passenger concourse A), cargo terminal complex (A, B, C terminal), and operation facilities (control tower, runways, and meteorological facilities).


title: Lao language

paragraphs: Lao or Laotian is a language and is the official language of Laos. It is also spoken in the northeast part of Thailand. Lao, like the other languages of Laos, is written in an abugida writing system. The languages has variations, but the Vientiane dialect is considered the standard written form of Lao.

paragraphs: Lao and Thai are both Tai languages and are very similar to each other. In fact, speakers of northern Thai dialects and Lao claim that they can largely understand each other, making the dialects mutually intelligible.

paragraphs: Lao is one of the Tai languages, spoken in what is now northern Vietnam and southern China. Mongol invaders and expansion in China pushed the Tai people south towards India. Their language was influenced by other languages in the region like the Mon-Khmer and the Austronesian languages. The written form of Lao originally came from the Pali language in India. The script form was brought to the region by Buddhists about two thousand years ago.

paragraphs: Lao has mainly native Lao words. Because of Buddhism, however, it has been influenced by other languages that contributed mostly religious terms. Lao has influenced Khmer and Thai and . The writing has many foreign loanwords, very similar to how Latin and Greek have influenced other European languages.

paragraphs: For politeness, pronouns (and more formal pronouns) are used, as well as ending statements with ແດ່ (dè ) or ເດີ້ (deu ). Negative statements are made more polite by ending with ດອກ (dok ). The following are formal register examples.


title: Sukiyaki

paragraphs: Sukiyaki is a very popular one-pot meal in Japan. The main ingredient (or stuff) is thin sliced beef, and it is simmered in a skillet or pan in the sukiyaki sauce with many vegetables and other ingredients. The word "yaki" means "sautee" or "grill" in Japanese. The word is used because the beef in sukiyaki is sauteed in the hot skillet.

paragraphs: In Japan, because of religious beliefs people were forbidden to eat beef, venison, horse, mutton and other meat from Asuka era to Meizi era. issue of religion. Cattle and horse were also work animals, therefore if people eat cattle and horse meat, people were punished. This custom was publicly decided by the then emperor on April 1, 675. But it is said that the real intention of this custom was to raise cultivation of rice product. This is a commandment (or rule) of Buddhism. But difficulty in making a living meant that people secretly ate boar and venison meat. Over time people ate beef secretly.

paragraphs: The first sukiyaki store opened in Kyoto at the last days of the Tokugawa Shogunate. The Meiji emperor ate beef. He liked taste of sukiyaki. After that, the emperor lifted the ban on eating beef. People were allowed to eat beef publicly. In the west it is called “Sukiyaki”, in the east it is called “Gyunabe”. It is popular all over Japan. Sukiyaki’s contents do not change now. It is thinly sliced beef cooked in an iron pot, with bean curd, sliced onion, mushroom and other kinds of seasoning. Then the beef and vegetables are picked directly from the pan by chopstick and eaten by dipping them into a small bowl containing raw egg. Sukiyaki became symbol of cultural enlightenment.

paragraphs: Each Japanese region has a preferred way of cooking sukiyaki. Japan can be divided into two regions. The big variation is between "Kansai" (western Japan) and "Kanto" (eastern Japan). In the Kanto (Tokyo) region, sukiyaki is based on "Gyunabe" that was in fashion in "Meiji" period. Before cooking sukiyaki, people prepare the soup stock mixing a seasonings (soy sauce, sugar, "sake" and "mirin") together. They then stew beef in it.

paragraphs: In the "Kansai" region, people grill meat in the pan greased with lard. After that, they put the other ingredients over these, and the liquid is poured into the pan. They do not grill meat and the ingredients that make the meat tough, and they do not grill the meat and watery vegetables at a same time. This is the" Kansai" style of cooking sukiyaki.

paragraphs: The border between the styles of cooking sukiyaki is becoming unclear. Some people say that the border between eastern and western is in Aichi. But recently, ready-made stock, pre-mixed with seasoning used to flavor sukiyaki is sold all over Japan, so the border is no longer clear.


title: Poplar DLR station

paragraphs: Poplar DLR station serves Poplar, London. It is a station on the Docklands Light Railway in Travelcard Zone 2. It is a served by four of the five routes of the DLR. Thus it is the busiest station on the network in terms of services.


title: Shawm

paragraphs: The shawm was a musical instrument of the woodwind family that was played in Europe during the Middle Ages and the Renaissance. The modern oboe was developed from the shawm. Like the modern oboe, the shawm was played by blowing into a double reed. It was usually made from one piece of wood, with a flare at the end (like a trumpet). It sounded very loud, and was mostly used outdoors.

paragraphs: In German the shawm is called "Schalmei" or "Pommer". The first word may have come from the Latin word "calamus" meaning "reed or stalk". There were many kinds of shawm over the centuries in Europe and they had a variety of names. There were also several different sizes.


title: Westferry DLR station

paragraphs: Westferry DLR station is a station on the Docklands Light Railway (DLR), in the Limehouse district of east London. The station is in Travelcard Zone 2. To the west is Limehouse station, whilst to the east the DLR splits, with one branch going to Poplar station and the other to West India Quay station

paragraphs: The DLR station was built midway between the site of the old Limehouse and West India Docks stations on the disused London and Blackwall Railway. Limehouse Police Station is nearby, as is St Anne's Church, built by Nicholas Hawksmoor and boasting London's tallest church clock tower.


title: Limehouse station

paragraphs: Limehouse station is a railway station in Limehouse district of east London. The station is in Travelcard Zone 2. It is served by Docklands Light Railway (DLR) services and by National Rail services. The National Rail services are operated by c2c out of Fenchurch Street station. On the c2c route, Limehouse is between Fenchurch Street and West Ham stations. On the Docklands Light Railway, Limehouse is between Shadwell and Westferry stations.

paragraphs: The station was opened on 3 August 1840 as part of the London and Blackwall Railway. The area used to be known as Ratcliffe, whilst the station has been previously known as Stepney, Stepney Junction and later Stepney East station. Another station some distance to the east on the London and Blackwall Railway, open between 1840 and 1926, had previously been called Limehouse.

paragraphs: The current Limehouse station is to the west of Limehouse Basin, a marina and residential complex, and the Regent's Canal. Nearby is the north end of the Rotherhithe Tunnel, and the western end of the Limehouse Link tunnel. The station holds Secure Stations Scheme accreditation.

paragraphs: According to train operators c2c, "Limehouse is a bustling commuter station in the rush hour with passengers changing onto the Docklands Light Railway. At quieter times of day, it's an ideal stop-off point for Limehouse Basin and Thames-side walks through London's Docklands".


title: Ripley, Derbyshire

paragraphs: Ripley is a town in the English county of Derbyshire.

paragraphs: Ripley existed in 1086 when it was held by a man called Levenot. In 1251 Henry III said there could be a weekly market here and two annual fairs. In 1291 there were "two water-mills with fish ponds" in Ripley.

paragraphs: The Ripley area has been industrialized since the late 18th century.

paragraphs: One of the earliest companies to take advantage of mineral resources around Ripley was the Butterley Company in 1790. One of the early, and most well known, examples of the work of the company includes the graceful arched roof of St. Pancras Station in London, recently restored as an international rail terminal. A recent Butterley achievement was the design and construction of the Falkirk Wheel which lifts large canal boats.


title: Shadwell DLR station

paragraphs: Shadwell DLR station on the Docklands Light Railway is between the termini of Bank and Tower Gateway to the west and Limehouse to the east. It stands on a viaduct shared with National Rail trains (on the c2c line to Essex), with a single island platform accessed by stairs and a passenger lift (via entrance on Watney Street). It opened on 31 August 1987 as part of the first tranche of DLR stations. The 1991 Bank extension joins the main DLR line just to the west of Shadwell.


title: Wide receiver

paragraphs: A wide receiver (or WR, wideout) is an American football player whose main duty is to catch the football when it is thrown by the quarterback.

paragraphs: Wide receivers may also block, run with the football and sometimes throw the football besides just catching it. They can wear jersey numbers 10-19 and 80-89 in the National Football League, but there are no limits in college football.


title: Offensive linemen

paragraphs: Offensive linemen (also OL) are American football players who defend the quarterback or running backs by blocking defensive players.


title: Purus River

paragraphs: The Rio Purus is a river in Brazil, in the state of Amazonas.


title: Madeira River

paragraphs: The Rio Madeira is a river in Brazil, a tributary which flows in Bolivia as well.


title: Putumayo River

paragraphs: The Içá or Putumayo is one of the tributaries of the Amazon River. It makes the border between Colombia and Ecuador, and makes up most of the frontier with Peru.


title: Albert Jacka

paragraphs: Albert Jacka VC, MC & Bar (10 January 1893 – 17 January 1932) was given the Victoria Cross, the highest medal for valour "in the face of the enemy" that can be given to members of the British and Commonwealth armed forces. Jacka was the first Australian to win the VC during the First World War, receiving the medal for his actions during the Gallipoli Campaign. After Gallipoli he was sent to the Western Front where he again was given medals for his bravery.

paragraphs: After the war, Jacka went back to Australia and started a business, "Roxburgh, Jacka & Co. Pty Ltd", importing and exporting electrical goods. He was later elected to the local council, and became the mayor of St Kilda, Victoria. Jacka never fully recovered from the many wounds he got in the war and died at the age of 39.

paragraphs: Albert Jacka was born on a dairy farm at Layard, near Winchelsea, Victoria on 10 January 1893. His parents were Nathaniel Jacka and his English wife, Elizabeth Kettle. The family moved to Wedderburn, Victoria when he was five years old, where he went the local school. He began working with his father transporting goods. He was working for the Victorian State Forests Department when the First World War broke out.

paragraphs: He joined the AIF, the Australian Imperial Force, on 18 September 1914. His battalion was sent to Cairo Egypt for training. They landed at Gallipoli on 26 April, 1915, the second day of the Gallipoli campaign. On 19 May the Turkish army started a large attack to push the ANZACs back into the sea. The Turks were able to capture a small section of a trench at Courtney's Post. Jacka jumped into the trench by himself and killed most of the Turkish soldiers in it. For this he was awarded the Victoria Cross.


title: Vaupés River

paragraphs: The Rio Uaupes is a river in Colombia. It forms part of the border between Colombia and Brazil. In Brazil it joins the Papurí River. Both rivers are then called the Uaupés.


title: Yoruba people

paragraphs: Yoruba is an ethnic group of people living in Africa. They live on the west coast of Africa, mostly they are one of the major tribes in Nigeria Nigeria and Ghana.


title: Pennsylvania Cyber Charter School

paragraphs: The Pennsylvania Cyber Charter School (also known as PA Cyber) is an online school, made as an alternative to regular schooling. It recently changed its name from the Western Pennsylvania Cyber Charter School.

paragraphs: Students from Pennsylvania in grades Prekindergarten-12 can attend PA Cyber for free. Students can have classes that are self-paced and classes that are "virtual" where the student participates in a "online classroom".


title: International Union for the Conservation of Nature

paragraphs: The International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) is an international organization set up to protect plants, animals and habitats. It was first called the "World Conservation Union." It was started in 1948, with its main office in Gland, Switzerland. The IUCN brings together 83 states, 108 government agencies, 766 Non-governmental organizations and 81 international organizations and about 10,000 experts and scientists from countries around the world.

paragraphs: IUCN's purpose is to influence, encourage and assist countries around the world to conserve the quality and diversity of nature. It also has to make sure that any use of natural resources is fair and sustainable without harming the earth.

paragraphs: The first Director General of UNESCO, (Sir Julian Huxley) wanted to give UNESCO a more scientific base. He set up a meeting to start a new organisation to protect nature.

paragraphs: At the first meeting at Fontainebleau, France, on 5 October, 1948, 18 governments, seven international organisations, and 107 national nature conservation organisations agreed to form the International Union for the Protection of Nature.

paragraphs: From the start the most important task has been to explore and develop arrangements that can allow development as well as helping people and nations to better preserve their flora and fauna. The ICUN has always argued that needs of local communities, people and nations have to be the main part of a conservation plan. Areas needing protection and threatened species would be best protected:

paragraphs: The IUCN now has offices in many of the nations around the world. It is able to provide the services of a large group of mainly voluntary specialists, providing local level advice and conservation services.


title: Street dance

paragraphs: Street Dance is term applied to dances that were invented by the general public in the 1970’s and later in (largely African-related) urban cultures. The term itself comes from the fact that the dances were made in urbanised cities. There are no rules to “street dance” as improvisation and freestyle is emphasized. It is hard to define, but it is basically freely expressing music with one’s body.

paragraphs: There are many different genres of street dance. It is often divided into old school and new school, with 1984 as the dividing year (due to technological effects on the world's cities and youth cultures). In the old school section, there are categories like tap, locking, popping, and break dancing. In new school, there is hip hop, house, and techno. There are lots of famous dance moves such as:


title: Red-collared lorikeet

paragraphs: The red-collared lorikeet is a species of lorikeet. It was a subspecies of the rainbow lorikeet, but now they are regarded as separate species. The bird is found living in northern Australia.

paragraphs: The red-collared lorikeet is found in Northern Australia, as far west as Broome, Western Australia, right through the Kimberley region, across the top of the Northern Territory to the bottom of the Cape York Peninsula.

paragraphs: It is about long with brightly colored feathers. It is the largest of the Australian lorikeets. The head and the face are blue, and it has an orange to red chest which narrows to a thin colored band around the neck, like a collar. Its wings and tail are green, with some yellow tips on the feathers. The feathers on its abdomen are dark blue to black. It has a red beak, and grey to brown legs and feet. The female is the same as the male but smaller. They can live up to 15 years.

paragraphs: The bird is nomadic and moves about in large flocks. They feed on eucalyptus flowers, as well as nectar from other flowering plants such as grevilleas, and seeds from grass trees. It is described as being a restless and noisy bird, making a shrill shrieking noise when flying.

paragraphs: It builds nests in hollows in eucalyptus trees, usually near a creek. They lay two dull white eggs in the breeding season from August and January or March to June or May to December.


title: Lee Yunjeong

paragraphs: Lee Yun-jeong (b. December 20, 1976) is a South Korean singer and stylist. In 1995, She debuted in the musical world as a singer in Pippi-band, a three person singing group. In 2001, after her second solo album "Six sense", she ended her singing career. After singing, She studied fashion design at Central Saint Martins College. After that, she had been active as a stylist for many Korean singer. These include Lee Hyori, Clazziquai, Leessang, Jaurim and Se7en. Lee Yun-jeong was also a stylist at the 2007 Mnet Korean Music Festival (MKMF). She created the design for the opening stage from clothes to props. She has appeared as a coordinator and stylist at M.net's television program "Trend Repot Feel".

paragraphs: In 2008, she made EE, an arts performance team. The team uses music, art, fashion and dance in its performance. The name of the team, EE, symbolizes many acronyms beginning with the letter E such as Eternity, 'Entertainment and Everybody. EE was created in an effort to perform all the genres available at the same time. Its first performance was named "Curiosity Kills".


title: Vacaville, California

paragraphs: Vacaville is a city in the U.S. state of California. It has many schools.


title: Hearts of Iron

paragraphs: Hearts of Iron (HOI) is a grand strategy real-time simulation game developed by Paradox Interactive in Sweden.

paragraphs: In this game, the player has all military authority over their selected nation. World War II is the background of this game. So the player can select all nations that existed when WW2 occurred. The player’s goal is surviving in the historical flood of WW2 and conquering the world. In order to survive in the game, the player has to develop his/her nation’s technology level and organize the nation’s economy for war. And, because each political regime has different characteristics in the process of war, a political statement can be important too. However, because this game is a war game, the most important thing is making the army, navy, and air force, and controlling them to make your nation larger.


title: Cell biology

paragraphs: Cell biology is the study of how living cells work. This includes the structure and function of the cell organelles, and the carbon-based molecules which cells produce. Cell biology is an interdisciplinary subject, and uses ideas from genetics, biochemistry, molecular biology, immunology, and other subjects and techniques.

paragraphs: The most important molecules in cell biology are DNA, RNA and proteins.

paragraphs: The most important structures in the cell are the nucleus and the chromosomes, but there are others. The structure of eukaryotic cells is much more complex than prokaryotic cells. This is because endosymbiosis has occurred: some or all of the eukaryote organelles are former prokaryotes. Examples are mitochondria and plastids.

paragraphs: The most important function of cells is to divide by mitosis or meiosis. Cells in a multicellular organism also specialise in different functions, and the different types may look quite to each other.


title: Lee Min Ho

paragraphs: Lee Min Ho () is a South Korean global actor, born on June 22nd, 1987 in Heukseok-dong, Seoul.

paragraphs: In a short span of his acting career, he became a most popular actor worldwide.

paragraphs: He made his debut in 2006 through a EBS TV drama "Secret Campus" and became popular across Asia in "Boys over flowers" (2009), then he gained fame in Europe with "City hunter" (2011) and also became popular in African continent with his drama "The King: Eternal Monarch" (2020).

paragraphs: He is the first Korean celebrity to have a wax figure made in his image at Madame Tussauds in 2013 and Grevin Museum Paris in 2018.


title: Pentaport Rock Festival

paragraphs: The Pentaport Rock Festival is a rock festival in South Korea. It is held each year in Incheon for three days in the last week of July. Bands from many genres of music perform.

paragraphs: The name of this festival comes from five philosophical themes of the festival: music, , the environment, DIY (Do it yourself), and friendship. The festival started in 2006 and has many well-known musicians perform. The 2006 festival had Jason Mraz and The Black Eyed Peas. In 2007, L'Arc-en-Ciel and Muse performed at the festival. Ellegarden and Travis played in 2008. In 2012 the headliners were Manic Street Preachers, Snow Patrol and Baekdoosan.


title: WJAC-TV

paragraphs: WJAC-TV is the local NBC channel in the Johnstown-Altoona-State College, Pennsylvania area. It is owned by Cox Enterprises, which also owns WPXI-TV in nearby Pittsburgh.

paragraphs: WJAC-TV first appeared on television on September 15, 1949. It was originally owned by Johnstown Automotive Company. It was originallly on channel 13 before moving to channel 6 in 1952. In the 1960s, Johnstown Automotive sold the television station to "The Tribune-Democrat". In 1997 it was sold to Sunrise Television, which later became part of Cox in 2000.


title: WPXI

paragraphs: WPXI (also known as WPXI-TV) is the NBC television station in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. It is owned by Cox Enterprises.

paragraphs: On September 1, 1957, WPXI first signed onto television as WIIC-TV.

paragraphs: Bill Cardille was the first to appear on this channel. Some of the first television shows to air on WIIC-TV included "Studio Wrestling" and "Chiller Theatre"

paragraphs: In 1964, the station was sold to current owner Cox Enterprises.

paragraphs: In 1981, the name was changed to WPXI-TV (Pittsburgh 11, with XI being the Roman numeral sign for 11). The WIIC is still used in Pittsburgh, but on a smaller and less known channel showing music videos.


title: Jacques-Louis David

paragraphs: Jacques-Louis David (30 August 1748 – 29 December 1825) was both a politician and an artist who lived during the French Revolution. As a politician, he is most famous for being one of the handful of leaders that governed France during the most violent part of the French Revolution. David believed that France should not have a monarchy and instead it should be a Republic. He voted to have the King of France Louis XVI killed with the guillotine. When the French Revolution began to fail, David was happy that Napoleon Bonaparte became Emperor of France.

paragraphs: As a painter, Jacques-Louis David wanted artwork to be political. He often painted heroes from myths or history that he believed represented good ideals such as strength, brotherhood, and virtue. His paintings are very realistic and often portray heroes from Ancient Greece and Rome. This is called the Neoclassical style of painting.

paragraphs: One of David's most famous paintings is of his best friend Jean-Paul Marat who was killed during the French Revolution. David's painting helped make Marat into a popular martyred hero.


title: Popsicle

paragraphs: Popsicle is a popular brand of ice pop in the United States and Canada. It is made of colored, flavored ice on a wooden stick. The brand name includes more than 30 different versions of the snack.

paragraphs: The Popsicle was accidentally invented in 1905 by 11-year-old Frank Epperson. Epperson left a mixture of powdered soda and water and a stirring stick in a cup on his porch. That night San Francisco went through unusually low temperatures, and Epperson awoke the next morning to find a frozen pop that would eventually become a favorite American snack.

paragraphs: At first, Epperson named his frozen snack the "Epsicle", and it became popular with his school friends. In 1923, while running a lemonade stand at an amusement park in Oakland, California, Epperson realized that he could earn money from his invention. Epperson changed the name of his treat to "Popsicle", after his children always asked for "Pop’s ’sicle", and signed up for a patent. The patent for frozen ice on a stick was issued August 19, 1924.

paragraphs: Around 1925, Epperson sold the popsicle rights to the brand name Popsicle to the Joe Lowe Company in New York. By 1928, Epperson had earned royalties on more than 60 million Popsicle ice pops.


title: WGAL

paragraphs: WGAL NBC television channel in the Lancaster/Harrisburg/York (Susquehanna Valley) area. It can be viewed on channel 8. Its studios are located in Lancaster, PA.

paragraphs: WGAL-TV first appeared on television on March 18, 1949 on channel 4 as the fourth television station in Pennsylvania. It was owned by the Steinman family, owners of WGAL radio (1490 AM) and Lancaster's two major newspapers. At the time, Lancaster was the smallest city in the country with its own television station. On 31 December 1952 WGAL moved to its current location on channel 8. On January 1, 1954 WGAL showed its first color television program, the Tournament of Roses Parade. WGAL has always been an NBC television station, but also carried some programs from CBS, DuMont, and ABC until 1963. The Steinmans sold WGAL-TV to Pulitzer in late 1978. Pulitzer sold WGAL-TV to Hearst-Argyle Television in 1999. The change took place on March 18, the station's 50th anniversary.


title: Silvio Barbato

paragraphs: Silvio Sergio Bonaccorsi Barbato (born Candeias (Minas Gerais) (Brazil), 11 May 1959; died either in or over the mid-Atlantic Ocean, on the Air France Flight 447, 1 June 2009) was an Italian-Brazilian opera conductor and composer.

paragraphs: He studied conducting at the University of Brasília and composition in Milan. He started his conducting career when he was 25 with a performance of Puccini's opera "Tosca". He also helped to bring other operas to places in the middle of the Brazilian rainforest. He directed the music in a film about the Brazilian composer Heitor Villa-Lobos called "Uma Vida di Paixao" ("A Life of Passion"). In Rio de Janeiro he conducted operas which included world-famous singers such as Montserrat Caballé, Robert Alagna and Angela Gheorghiu. He also conducted choral works such as Berlioz's "L'enfant du Christ".

paragraphs: Barbato was travelling to Kiev where he was due to conduct and teach. He was on board an Air France aeroplane flying from Rio de Janeiro to Paris early on 1 June 2009 when it mysteriously crashed over the Atlantic Ocean.


title: Travelcard Zone 4

paragraphs: Travelcard Zone 4 is the fourth outward zone of Transport for London's zonal system. The zonal system used for calculating co-ordinated inter-modal Travelcard fares within London. In the Travelcard zonal system, London is split into nine approximately concentric zones for the purpose of determining the cost of a Travelcard. The zone is also used for pricing London Underground and Docklands Light Railway single journeys, but not journeys undertaken entirely by bus or tram, for which a city-wide flat fare applies.


title: Sexual fetishism

paragraphs: Sexual fetishism (also "erotic fetishism" or "fetish") is sexual arousal caused by an object or body part that is not normally thought of as sexual. The term was made in the late 1800s by Alfred Binet.

paragraphs: Examples of common or well-known fetishes include feet and footwear (shoes, socks), rubber, bondage, furry or cross-dressing.

paragraphs: Partialism is a type of sexual fetishism where the sexual want of a body part is more than the sexual want of the person who has the body part. Martin Kafka states that partialism is not exactly the same as fetishism, although common use does not agree.


title: Mark Martin

paragraphs: Mark Anthony Martin (born January 9, 1959) is a NASCAR driver who was driving at the beginning of 2013 for Michael Waltrip Racing in the #55 55 Aaron's Toyota but until the end of the year the #14 Chevrolet SS. Mark is often called the best driver to never have won a Sprint cup championship. Martin won five International Race of Champions (IROC) series championships.

paragraphs: Mark Martin has driven for Roush Fenway Racing, Earnhardt Ganassi Racing, Hendrick Motorsports and Michael Waltrip Racing in the NASCAR Sprint Cup series.


title: Hendrick Motorsports

paragraphs: Hendrick Motorsports is a race team in NASCAR owned by Rick Hendrick. Chase Elliott, William Byron, Jimmie Johnson, and Alex Bowman all drive for this team. Hendrick Motorsports has won 10 Monster Energy MASCAR Cup Series championships.


title: Roush Fenway Racing

paragraphs: Roush Fenway Racing is a NASCAR team owned by Jack Roush and John W. Henry. This team owns race cars that race in the NASCAR Sprint Cup, Nationwide Series, Camping World Truck Series, and the ARCA RE/MAX Series. Roush Fenway Racing has won two Sprint Cup championships with Kurt Busch and Matt Kenseth.


title: Jack Roush

paragraphs: Jack Roush (born April 19, 1942) is the co-owner of Roush Fenway Racing with his partner John W. Henry. Roush's race team has won two NASCAR Sprint Cup Championships with Kurt Busch and Matt Kenseth. During his whole career in NASCAR Jack's race team has 260 NASCAR wins, 168 poles, 1,104 top-five and 1,838 top-10 finishes


title: John W. Henry

paragraphs: John William Henry II (born September 13, 1949) is an American businessman. He is the owner of the Boston Red Sox and Roush Fenway Racing. He is also the owner of the association football team Liverpool F.C. of the Premier League. He is one of the 50 richest people in Boston.


title: Photo booth

paragraphs: A photo booth is a vending machine that takes instant photos. After you pay, usually in coins, a computer-based screen and often a recorded voice will tell you when the picture will be taken, how many shots will be taken and when the photo is developed.

paragraphs: Anatol Josepho invented the first self-automated photo booth in 1925. Photo booths began as black and white, film-based machines to fully coloured, digitalised machines.

paragraphs: There are many types of photo booths today that offer different sizes and kinds of photos such as passport photos and photos for identification. Also, some photo booths give you a number of tools you can use to create different features for your photos. Sticker photos are a good example. Sticker photos are instant photos printed on sticker-based material. After you take your picture, you can change backgrounds the tone or the color of the photo and insert letters and symbols. Invented in Japan, photo sticker booths are especially popular in Asian countries among teens and grown-ups alike.

paragraphs: Nowadays, the term "photo booth" also refers to Apple's photography program that features editing tool such as black-and-white, pencil and comic book.


title: Busan International Film Festival

paragraphs: The Busan International Film Festival (BIFF, previously Pusan International Film Festival, PIFF), is one of the biggest movie festivals that is held in Busan, South Korea. It has been held every year since 1996. Although the name of Pusan changed to Busan, the festival committee decided to keep the name for the PIFF's authority. Every year, millions of people participate in this festival. They do this because many movie stars come to the festival. It is also the first international movie festival in Korea. PIFF promotes the culture and art of Busan internationally. It also helps Korean movies be known to the world movie market, and finds talented movie directors.


title: Oscar Peterson

paragraphs: Oscar Emmanuel Peterson (August 15, 1925 – December 23, 2007) was a Canadian jazz pianist. Peterson won seven Grammy Awards and was put into the Canadian Music Hall of Fame in 1978. His career lasted for more than 65 years.

paragraphs: He was born in Montreal, where his father taught him to play the piano. While at high school he had lessons with a Hungarian classical pianist, Paul de Marky.


title: Wonder Girls

paragraphs: The Wonder Girls are a South Korean girl group. The Wonder Girls debuted on February 10th, 2007 on Show! Music Core, singing "Irony", the single from their debut mini-album, "The Wonder Begins". The mini-album went on to become a minor hit, selling 11,454 copies in 2007. The main producer was Jin-young Park, the leader of JYP entertainment. Wonder Girls is the first female group from JYP entertainment since it was established. Each of the five original members were selected through auditions.

paragraphs: The members are Yoo Bin, Ye Eun, Sun Ye, Hye Rim and So Hee. Former member 김현아 (Kim Hyuna) left in June 2007 due to health problems, and Sun Mi left in January 2010 to pursue her education. Now Sun Ye has left and Sun Mi Has rejoined.

paragraphs: Sohee has become a successful actress after leaving Wonder Girls.

paragraphs: In 2017, Yeeun and Sunmi left JYP Entertainment, resulting in the group's disbandment.


title: All About Lily Chou-Chou

paragraphs: All About Lily Chou-Chou is a Japanese movie made in 2001. The theme of this movie is Ijime(bullying). With this material, Shunji Iwai, the director, tried to describe teenagers’ sensibility and anguishes. In the movie, there is violence, bullying, rapes, suicide, murder, sympathy, confusion, and music. The entire mood is dark. Although Iwai chose this movie as his best for now and his style is well reflected, it can be hard for audiences to truly sympathize with the movie because it is lacking consideration of general audiences.

paragraphs: In the movie, a boy named Yuichi Hasumi loves Lily Chou-Chou’s songs. Lily Chou-Chou is an imaginary singer who plays an odd music in this movie, and her fans communicate with each other through internet site named ‘Lily-holic.’ Another fan of Lily Chou-Chou, Shusuke Hoshino, once a friend of Yuichi, was a quiet and sincere student. However, during a trip to Okiwana, he experienced some traumatic accidents related to death and his characteristics completely changes. He starts to torment other students including Yuichi. Yuichi wants to stop him but he doesn’t know how to do so and he cannot help assisting Hoshino’s misdeeds. The only solace Yuichi can find is Lily Chou-Chou’s songs.


title: John Barbirolli

paragraphs: Sir John Barbirolli CH, (born London, 2 December, 1899 ; died London 29 July 1970), was a English conductor and cellist. Barbirolli was particularly remembered as the conductor of the Hallé Orchestra, Manchester, which he conducted for nearly thirty years, turning it into a world famous orchestra. He was conductor of other great orchestras including the New York Philharmonic and the Houston Symphony, and also conducted orchestras including the London Symphony Orchestra, the London Philharmonic Orchestra, the Berlin Philharmonic, and the Vienna Philharmonic. He often played the music of English composers such as Edward Elgar and Ralph Vaughan Williams.

paragraphs: Barbirolli was born into a musical family. His father and grandfather had come from Italy and moved to London. His mother was French. His father and uncle were violinists.

paragraphs: Barbirolli won a scholarship to study at Trinity College of Music, and later studied at the Royal Academy of Music. In 1916 he joined the Queen’s Hall Orchestra where he was the youngest member. The next year he gave his first solo recital. He spent two years in the army where he got conducting experience with a voluntary orchestra. In 1919 he was again playing in orchestras and twice appeared as soloist with the Bournemouth Municipal Orchestra.

paragraphs: Between 1929 and 1933 he conducted opera at Covent Garden. From 1933 to 1936 he conducted the Scottish Orchestra in Glasgow.

paragraphs: In 1927 he took over a concert that Thomas Beecham would have conducted with the London Symphony Orchestra. He conducted other English orchestras including the Hallé Orchestra and was becoming very well known. He could learn music very quickly. In the 1930s he made many recordings with the London Symphony Orchestra and London Philharmonic, accompanying concertos with famous soloists such as Fritz Kreisler, Jascha Heifetz and Arthur Rubinstein.

paragraphs: In 1937 Barbirolli was invited to take over from Arturo Toscanini as conductor of the New York Philharmonic. To follow such a great conductor was a very great honour. He conducted there for five years with great success, although there were some critics who supported Toscanini and were always criticizing Barbirolli. It was a difficult time for him as a new orchestra had just been formed in New York, the NBC Symphony Orchestra which was conducted by Toscanini and they paid their musicians more money. When he was invited, in 1942, to stay on with the New York Philharmonic he decided not to, partly because he would have to become a US citizen.

paragraphs: The Hallé Orchestra, based in Manchester, England, had been famous under the conductor Hamilton Harty. However, in recent years they had been sharing half their players with the BBC. This had saved the orchestra in the difficult years when the economy was bad and during the early war years, but the orchestra was not as good as it had been. Barbirolli was invited to become the conductor of the orchestra, so he moved back to England in 1943.

paragraphs: The first thing he had to do was to rebuild the orchestra. It had not had a permanent conductor since 1933 when Hamilton Harty left. Only four of the shared players with the BBC chose to join the Hallé in Manchester, so Barbirolli auditioned many musicians. The “new Hallé” made several recordings including symphonies by Arnold Bax and Vaughan Williams.

paragraphs: Barbirolli conducted the orchestra for 25 years. In 1958 he became “conductor-in-chief”, so that he could share the work with others. In 1968 he was given the title “conductor laureate” for the rest of his life.

paragraphs: As well as his work with the Hallé he conducted the BBC Symphony Orchestra and other London orchestras, and made many recordings. From 1961 to 1967 he was also principal conductor of the Houston Symphony Orchestra in Texas. He was also made guest conductor of the Berlin Philharmonic.

paragraphs: During his last years he had serious health problems His last two concerts were held in the St Nicholas Chapel, King's Lynn, as part of its 1970 Festival. Although he collapsed during the Friday afternoon, he managed to conduct Elgar's "Symphony No 1" and "Sea Pictures". The last piece he conducted was Beethoven's "Symphony No 7" on the Saturday before his death.

paragraphs: Barbirolli is remembered for his great interpretations of Romantic music and of early 20th century English music. He was not interested in very modern music although he did conduct Benjamin Britten’s "Violin Concerto" and "Sinfonia da Requiem" in New York. He is remembered for his performances of Elgar, Ralph Vaughan Williams and Gustav Mahler, as well as Franz Schubert, Beethoven, Jean Sibelius, Giuseppe Verdi and Giacomo Puccini. Vaughan Williams gave him the nickname “Glorious John”. He was a great supporter and friend of the great cellist Jacqueline du Pré.

paragraphs: He was knighted in 1949 and made a Companion of Honour in 1969.

paragraphs: His first marriage was to singer Marjorie Parry. His second marriage from 1939 to his death was to the British oboist Evelyn Rothwell who died at the age of 97 in January 2008.


title: Byzantium (color)

paragraphs: Byzantium is a color that is a dark shade of purple.

paragraphs: The first recorded use of "Byzantium" as a color name in English was in 1926.


title: John Galliano

paragraphs: John Galliano, also known as Juan Carlos Antonio Galliano-Guillén (born on November 28, 1960 in Gibraltar) is a world-renowned British fashion designer. After studying design at St. Martin's School of Art in London, he sold his French Revolution-inspired graduation collection to a London retailer shop. He launched his own line in 1984. From 1995 to 1996 he designed haute couture and ready-to-wear at the House of Givenchy. In 1996, he was appointed creative director of Christian Dior. Being in charge of Dior and his own label, he designs for six collections a year plus a mid-season line under his label "G Galliano". In 2001 Galliano was made a Commander of the British Empire. In March 2011 he was sacked from Dior because anti-semitic remarks which he made appeared on the internet, and were being investigated by the police in Paris.

paragraphs: Galliano's historically influenced designs are an adaptation of traditional styles into highly contemporary pieces. His shows are theatrical and his runway tableau are often likened to performance art. Thirties-influenced chiffon cut on the bias is among Galliano's signatures, as are imaginative hats. He is known for his end-of-show looks, where he stuns his audience with eccentric, avant-garde appearances in continuance with the show's inspiration.

paragraphs: Galliano also owns other product lines like eyewear, fragrances, jeans, lingerie and shoes. Since 2004, Galliano has collaborated with Diptyque, creating scented candles.


title: Sasuke Uchiha

paragraphs: Sasuke Uchiha is a fictional character from the manga series Naruto, which depicts a world of ninjas. He is a notable character in the manga due to the fact that the story basically revolves around Naruto, the main character, and Sasuke, Naruto's rival. Readers have considered Sasuke as one of the highly popular character as can be shown on several popularity polls. Merchandise based on Sasuke has also been released, ranging widely from action figures to plush dolls and even to his ninja equipment. Sasuke has also appeared in Naruto related video games and OVAs.

paragraphs: Sasuke is a member of the Uchiha Clan, one of the strongest clans of the village of Konoha. When Sasuke was a little boy, he saw his older brother kill their parents. Itachi Uchiha, Sasuke’s older brother, told Sasuke that he had also killed all of the other clan members to see if he was a strong ninja but that he will save Sasuke’s life because it was not even worth killing. From then on, Sasuke lived a lonely life full of hatred and destined to walk a path of an “Avatar of Revenge” and kill his brother. However, these feelings seemed to be alleviated when he befriended Naruto Uzumaki after graduating Ninja Academy. As they were working together in a team as “Genin" (which means rookie ninja), Naruto showed him what friendship and companionship were.

paragraphs: This ended with Sasuke's encounter with his brother. After battling Itachi, Sasuke realized that he lacked both the strength and intelligence to kill him. Later Sasuke leaves Naruto and Konoha to go to Orochimaru, one of the main antagonists of the series, to learn advanced ninja techniques and to be trained as a stronger ninja. Through mastering “Level Two of the Cursed Seal,” a restricted ninja technique, Sasuke obtains extraordinary power, thanks to is former master. Eventually, Sasuke defeats and kills his older brother only to find out that the order to massacre the Uchiha Clan was made by the elders of Konoha because the clan was destroying the peace of the entire village. However, Itachi could not kill his little brother because he loved Sasuke too much. In order for Sasuke to become able to protect himself, Itachi told Sasuke to live a life of anger and revenge which would stimulate Sasuke’s progress and allow him to become a strong ninja. After hearing about his brother, Sasuke turns his anger toward Konoha and decides to destroy the village.

paragraphs: Naruto is a weekly cartoon and has not ended even to this day. The adventures of Sasuke continue. The story now focuses on the reunion of the two rivals, Naruto and Sasuke. The two friends' goals conflict in that Naruto wants to protect Konoha, whereas, Sasuke plans to destroy it.


title: Exclusive economic zone

paragraphs: Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) is an area in the ocean where only one country gets to look into and do economic activity, such as mining underwater resources and fishing. In the case of islands far from the mainland, EEZ starts at the coasts of the islands. Normally, EEZ goes out to 200 nautical miles (370 km), unless EEZs of two or more countries overlap. Many EEZs actually overlap; countries argue over where their outermost boundaries of EEZ should be.

paragraphs: It is different from territorial waters in that ships and submarines from other countries can freely travel without any permission. However, this is under the condition that they are just passing by and not taking any resources. These zones were invented in the middle 20th century.


title: Amar Shonar Bangla

paragraphs: Amar Shonar Bangla ( আমার সোনার বাংলা, [amar ʃonar baŋla]; "My Golden Bengal") is the national anthem of Bangladesh. Adopted in 1972, the lyrics (words) were written by Rabindranath Tagore in 1909 and the music was composed by Gagan Harkara in 1889.

paragraphs: It was originally an ode to "Bangamata" ('Mother Bengal'); the music is based on the melody of the folk song "Āmi Kōthāy Pabo Tarē". The modern instrumental rendition was arranged by Samar Das.

paragraphs: Only the first two stanzas (which are highlighted in bold) are officially part of the anthem.


title: Shin Seung-hun

paragraphs: Shin Seung-hun is a South Korean singer. He was at the top in the 1990s in the Republic of Korea. He is remembered as the "Emperor of Ballads". He made his debut in 1990 with his first album. As soon as he released his first album, he went to the top of the Korean broadcasting music chart. His album became a million seller. And his first album had won Korea's main award, the Golden Disk Award. In 1991, he released his second album, "Invisible Love". Through this album he got his nickname, "Emperor of Ballads". With this album, he was at the top of the MBC music chart for eleven weeks, and the SBS music chart for fourteen weeks. That is in the Guinness Book of World Records. This album also won a Golden Disk Award.

paragraphs: His first seven albums were all million sellers. And his all formula album, all 10 albums, had won the main award or the greatest award in the Golden Disk Award. He is the singer who had been at the top the most times in Korea's 1990s. And he is also a composer. He composed all his albums' title songs, and he is the composer who composed the song which had been at the top the most times. And his accumulated album sales is fifteen million. He is still actively performing and working today.


title: Munhwa Broadcasting Corporation

paragraphs: Munhwa Broadcasting Corporation (MBC) is a national television network in South Korea. "Munhwa" is the Korean word for "culture."


title: Travelcard Zone 1

paragraphs: Travelcard Zone 1 is the central zone of Transport for London's zonal system used for calculating co-ordinated inter-modal Travelcard fares within London. London is split into six (approximately concentric) zones for the purpose of determining the cost of London transport fares on the London Underground and Docklands Light Railway, but not journeys undertaken entirely by bus or tram, for which a city-wide flat fare applies.


title: Acton Town tube station

paragraphs: Acton Town is a London Underground station in Acton, west London, served by the Piccadilly and District lines. The station is at the junction of Gunnersbury Lane (A4000) and Bollo Lane and is in Travelcard Zone 3.


title: Aldgate tube station

paragraphs: Aldgate tube station is a London Underground station at Aldgate in the City of London.

paragraphs: The station is on the Circle Line between Tower Hill and Liverpool Street. It is also the eastern terminus of the Metropolitan line. It is in Travelcard Zone 1, and its ticket office is part-time only.

paragraphs: Platforms 1 and 4 at Aldgate are two of the only three platforms on the network to be served exclusively by the Circle Line (the other being Platform 2 at Gloucester Road). All other Circle Line platforms are shared by the District, Metropolitan and/or Hammersmith & City Lines.

paragraphs: Aldgate tube station is important in Sir Arthur Conan Doyle's Sherlock Holmes story "The Adventure of the Bruce-Partington Plans".

paragraphs: In the story, Cadogan West is found dead on the tracks near the station. We later know that the body was placed on top of the train before its arrival at the station.


title: Travelcard Zone 2

paragraphs: Travelcard Zone 2 is the second most central zone of Transport for London's six (approximately concentric) zones system used for calculating co-ordinated inter-modal fares, and fares for London Underground and Docklands Light Railway single journeys. A flat fare applies for journeys entirely by bus or tram.


title: Aldgate East tube station

paragraphs: Aldgate East is a London Underground station. It is between Aldgate and Whitechapel in the London Borough of Tower Hamlets.

paragraphs: The station is in Travelcard Zone 1. It is on the Hammersmith & City Line between Liverpool Street and Whitechapel, and the District Line between Tower Hill and Whitechapel.


title: All Saints DLR station

paragraphs: All Saints DLR station is a station on the Docklands Light Railway (DLR) in East London. It is named after the neaby All Saints, Poplar, a church dating from 1821-3. The station entrance is on the East India Dock Road, opposite Chrisp Street Market.


title: Travelcard Zone 3

paragraphs: Travelcard Zone 3 is the third-outward zone of Transport for London's zonal system used for calculating co-ordinated intermodal Travelcard fares within London. In the Travelcard zonal system, London is split into nine (approximately concentric) zones for the purpose of determining the cost of a Travelcard. The zone is also used for pricing London Underground and Docklands Light Railway single journeys, but not journeys undertaken entirely by bus or tram, for which a city-wide flat fare applies.


title: Alperton tube station

paragraphs: Alperton is a London Underground station on the Uxbridge branch of the Piccadilly Line. The station is between Sudbury Town and Park Royal. It is on Ealing Road (A4089 road) a short distance from the junction with Bridgewater Road (A4005) and is close to Alperton Bus Garage and the Paddington branch of the Grand Union Canal. The station is in Travelcard Zone 4.

paragraphs: The typical off-peak service is a train in each direction every ten minutes. Half of northbound trains terminate at Rayners Lane and the other half continue to the terminus of the line at Uxbridge.


title: Angel tube station

paragraphs: Angel tube station is a London Underground station in The Angel, Islington. It is on the Bank branch of the Northern line, between Old Street and King's Cross St. Pancras stations. It is in Travelcard Zone 1.


title: Amersham station

paragraphs: Amersham station is a railway station serving Amersham in Buckinghamshire. It is in Travelcard Zone 9 (previously zone D).

paragraphs: Amerhsam Station is a terminus of the Metropolitan Line branch of the London Underground. It is situated 23.7 miles (38.1 km) north west of Charing Cross and is the second most westerly station on the whole London Underground system, after Chesham

paragraphs: Amersham Station is also served by Chiltern Railways, which runs trains between London Marylebone and Aylesbury. From Aylesbury a shuttle service to Princes Risborough provides access to through services between Marylebone and Birmingham Snow Hill. The journey times to Central London range between 33 and 60 minutes.


title: Travelcard Zone 5

paragraphs: Travelcard Zone 5 is the fifth outward zone of the Transport for London zonal system used for calculating co-ordinated inter-modal Travelcard fares within London. In this zonal system, London is split into six approximately concentric zones for the purpose of determining the cost of a Travelcard. The zones are also used for pricing London Underground and Docklands Light Railway single journeys, but not single journeys undertaken entirely by bus or tram, for which a city-wide flat fare applies. The zones are not usually used for calculating the cost of tickets on National Rail services, but do apply to Travelcards used for such services.


title: Teddy boy

paragraphs: A Teddy boy was a young man who dressed in a style popular in 1950s Britain. The word 'Teddy' comes from the clothes, which were a version of clothes from the Edwardian period, about 1910. That period is named after Edward VII (19011910).

paragraphs: Teddy boys relate to early rock and roll music. People often thought of them as rebels. The teddy boy also meant the first British culture of young people. For the first time, teenagers who were in a working class could buy clothes, a bicycle or motorcycle and entertainment. Teddyboys wore clothes that might shock older people.

paragraphs: The style featured a long and jacket with one row of buttons and narrow pants, "brothel creeper" shoes with thick crepe soles and pencil-thin ties. Duck-tail hairstyles were the norm. The movement was working class, and rather dandyfied. It was quite short-lived, and gave way to the mods and rockers of the early 1960s.


title: Shinee

paragraphs: SHINee is a South Korean boy band. The members are Onew, Key, Jonghyun, Minho, and Taemin. They were organized under SM Entertainment. SHINee made their debut on May 25, 2008 with their title song ""Noona Neomu Yeppeo (Replay)"" which literally translates into "Older Sister/Woman, You're So Pretty". Their music is 'contemporary' meaning that they will be the first in presenting new styles of Music, Dance, and Fashion. They won numerous awards supported by many fans in Asia. Having had a short rest after their first album, they have come back with their second mini-album ""Romeo"" on May 25th, 2009. On 18 December 2017, Jonghyun died, but Shawol alway support and thinking that SHINee is five forever.

paragraphs: In late May 2008 news articles started to surface online about SM Entertainment's new group, Shinee (pronounced "shiny"). On May 23, the group's first mini-album, "Replay" was released. "Replay" debuted at #10 on the Korean music charts and peaked at #8, selling 17,957 copies in the first half of 2008.

paragraphs: On June 7, 2008, Shinee participated in the Dream Concert in the Seoul Olympic Stadium along with other high profile Korean stars such as Epik High, Girls' Generation, Super Junior, TVXQ and the Wonder Girls. The group won their first award, Rookie of the Month, at the Cyworld Digital Music Award on June 22, 2008. Shinee took part in SMTown Live '08, which was held on August 18, 2008. They performed alongside labelmates BoA, Cheon Sang Ji Hee the Grace, Girls' Generation, Super Junior and TVXQ. On August 23, 2008, Shinee attended MNet's 20's Choice Awards 2008, where they won the "Hot New Star" award. Shinee released their full debut album, "The Shinee World", on August 28, 2008. The album debuted on the charts at #3, selling 30,000 copies.

paragraphs: The first single released from the album was "Sanso Gateun Neo (Love Like Oxygen)" (산소 같은 너 (Love Like Oxygen), lit. You Like Are Like Oxygen), a cover of "Show the World" by Martin Hoberg Hedegaard, originally written by the Danish songwriting and production team of Thomas Troelsen, Remee and Lucas Secon. On September 18, 2008, Shinee's "Sanso Gateun Neo (Love Like Oxygen)" was the #1 song on "M! Countdown". A few days later, Shinee received the "Mutizen" award for the single on SBS's "Popular Songs". Shinee participated in the "5th Asia Song Festival", where they received the "Best New Artist" award with Japanese girl group Berryz Kobo.

paragraphs: Shinee attended the 2008 Style Icon Awards on October 30, 2008, where they won the "Best Style Icon Award". On the same day, they released "The Shinee World" as a repackaged album under the name "Amigo". Included on album were three new songs: "Forever or Never", a remix of "Sa. Gye. Han (Love Should Go On)" (사.계.한) and the promotional single "A.Mi.Go (Amigo)" (아.미.고). "A.Mi.Go" is a shortened version of the Korean phrase "Areumdaun Minyeorueljoahamyeon Gosaenghanda" (아름다운 미녀를 좋아하면 고생한다 lit. Heart Aches When You Fall In Love With a Beauty).

paragraphs: On November 15, 2008 Shinee won the "Best Male Rookie" award at the 10th annual MNET KM Music Festival, beating fellow newcomers U-Kiss, 2PM, 2AM and Mighty Mouth. At the 23rd Annual Golden Disk Awards, they performed a medley of their songs, "Noona Neomu Yeppeo (Replay)", "Sanso Gateun Neo (Love Like Oxygen)" and "A.Mi.Go (Amigo)" and won the award for "YEPP Newcomer Album".

paragraphs: SM Entertainment announced that Shinee would make their comeback with their second mini album "Romeo" on May 21, 2009. On May 18, "Juliette", the first single was released; the song is instrumentally a remake of Corbin Bleu's "Deal With It". It was later announced that their comeback was going to be delayed due to Onew damaging his teeth and the release of the mini-album was pushed back to May 25. Shinee eventually had their return performance on June 5, 2009, on KBS's "Music Bank", where they received the award for first place.

paragraphs: The group released their third mini-album, titled "2009: Year of Us", on October 19, 5 months after the release of "Romeo". SM Entertainment stated that this EP would showcase the group's vocals and demonstrate their unique qualities. The lead single "Ring Ding Dong" was released digitally on October 14; the group had their comeback stage on October 16, on KBS's "Music Bank".

paragraphs: On July 19, 2010, the group released their second studio album, "Lucifer". It topped several charts in South Korea. The album was nominated for the Best Dance Performance Award at the Mnet Asian Music Awards. The album became the 6th best selling album of 2010 in South Korea. On December 26, 2010, the band began their first concert tour, Shinee World.

paragraphs: On January 1, 2016, Shinee released their fourth Japanese album "D×D×D". The album reached the top of the Oricon charts for 2 weeks in a row. To promote the album, they began their fourth Japanese tour that began on January 30, 2016, and ended on May 16, 2016. The tour had a total of 20 concerts in 9 cities. Toward the end of the year, Shinee released their fifth Korean album, "1 of 1," which charted #1 on the Korean Charts and #14 in the US. Their song, "Tell Me What to Do" (part of repackaging, "1 and 1") was #35 on YouTube's trending list.

paragraphs: On February 22, 2017, Shinee released their fifth Japanese album "Five". They began their fifth Japanese tour with a total of 25 concerts in 10 cities.

paragraphs: Shinee planned a tour in February 2018 to mark the return of member Onew, but on December 18, member Jonghyun committed suicide in an apartment in Seoul.

paragraphs: SHINee has taken part in various other activities including TV advertisements, a reality show, Drama OST, and so on. They also did a reality show named ""Yun Ha Nam"" for women older than them. They were also the public representatives for the Korean Youth Federation and many others. SHINee also sang songs for TV drama OST, including ""Stand By Me"" for the famous Korean drama ""Boys Over Flowers"". They also featured in the second season of the reality show "Hello Baby".

paragraphs: It was announced that Shinee with be performing along side with Jay Park, B1A4, Teen Top and the much buzzed about new band 7.9.4.2 on 15 June 2012 at Singapore indoor stadium.


title: Baskin-Robbins

paragraphs: Baskin-Robbins is a international chain of ice cream parlors. It has franchises in more than 30 countries. Out of 5800 locations, 2800 are based in the United States. It was founded in 1953 by the merger of two separate ice cream ventures of Burt Baskin and Irv Robbins, who were brothers-in-law. Before the merger, the two separate ice cream ventures were called Burt’s Ice Cream Shop and Snowbird Ice Cream. Snowbird Ice cream had 21 flavors at the time, which was praised as novel and fresh.

paragraphs: After the two ventures were combined into Baskin-Robbins, which would later become a world-famous ice cream parlor, pushed the slogan of ’31 flavors.’ Baskin-Robbins was creative in its approach to put forward the sampling system—letting people taste the different flavors of ice cream with small, single-use pink plastic spoons until they find the flavor that they want. Also, Baskin-Robbins was the first to introduce the ice cream cake to the public.

paragraphs: The original flavors when Baskin-Robbins first opened in 1945 were:


title: Kurt Busch

paragraphs: Kurt Thomas Busch (born August 4, 1978) is a Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series Race car driver from Las Vegas, Nevada. He drives the No. 1 Chevrolet for Chip Ganassi Racing. Busch has raced for Roush Fenway Racing, Penske Racing, Stewart-Haas Racing and Phoenix Racing. He has won one NASCAR Sprint Cup Championship, which he won in 2004. In 2014, Busch raced in the Indianapolis 500, where he finished in sixth place. The Indianapolis 500 was Kurt Busch's first try at racing in the IndyCar Series.


title: Strike zone

paragraphs: The strike zone is the area over home plate through which a pitch must pass to be called a strike, roughly between the batter's armpits and knees. The Strike Zone shall be determined from the batter's stance as the batter is prepared to swing at a pitched ball. The strike zone in baseball is a tricky subject as the strike zone changes with each batter. Accordingly, there is no "automatic" strike zone and much of what is a strike or not a strike is left to the judgement of the home plate umpire.

paragraphs: In short, the strike zone extends from the batters' knees to the letters across the front of his uniform.

paragraphs: To be called a strike, the pitcher must throw the baseball across home plate, an area 17 inches wide (0.4318 meters), and between the knees and letters as indicated.

paragraphs: In professional baseball, a player who stands 5' 6" tall (1.67 meters), for example, will have a much smaller strike zone that will a 6' 4" (1.93 meters) homerun hitter.

paragraphs: Moreover, the focus is not on where the ball is caught by the catcher, but rather where the ball is as it passes the front of home plate.


title: Team Penske

paragraphs: Team Penske is a auto racing team the IndyCar Series and NASCAR. The team is owned by Roger Penske. Penske Racing has one Indy Racing League championship and several more in other forms of open wheel racing

paragraphs: Team Penske joined the IndyCar circuit in 1968 with driver Mark Donahue, who won the team's first race at Indianapolis in 1972. By the late 1980s, the team had become one of the highest rated in IndyCar, and hired drivers like Emerson Fittipaldi, Rick Mears, and Al Unser Jr. to name three. In the early 1990s, Penske won many races and has continued to be a force in the series ever since. In 2003, they switched to the Indy Racing League, now known as the IndyCar Series, and hired Sam Hornish Jr. and Gil de Ferran to drive. Both won championships. Even though Penske has not won a championship since 2006, the team is always one of the fastest in the series. In 2014, their drivers will be Juan Pablo Montoya who left NASCAR to move to open wheel racing, three time Indy 500 winner Hélio Castroneves, and top ranked Australian driver Will Power. The team's headquarters are in Mooresville, North Carolina.

paragraphs: Team Penske also runs a NASCAR team, which used to be called Penske Racing South until last year. Although this team has not been as successful as Penske's IndyCar program, it has had some big wins. Ryan Newman won the Daytona 500 for Penske in 2008 and Brad Keselowski won a Sprint Cup title while driving for the team in 2012. Keselowski will be joined by Joey Logano at the team in 2014.In 2018 Ryan Blaney joins in the 3rd car the 12. Joey Logano won the Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series Championship in 2018.

paragraphs: Penske was involved in Formula 1 in the 1970s, with John Watson as their most famous driver. Penske also had a highly successful sports car program in the 2000s. This team ran Porsche sports cars with great success. Their drivers included Timo Bernhard, Romain Dumas, and Sacha Maassen. Penske stopped running this team in 2009.


title: Chupa Chups

paragraphs: Chupa Chups is a Spanish confectionery company. In 1957, Enric Bernat had the idea of caramel on a stick because the children ate a lot of caramels and this caused their hands to get dirty. The company had much success. Chupa Chups was sold outside of Spain in the 1970s. It now does business in over 150 countries. These include Russia, Japan, Germany, Mexico, Australia and the United States.

paragraphs: Chupa Chups began with seven flavours. This number has grown since then.

paragraphs: The logo of the company is a daisy with the name of the company inside. It was an designed by Salvador Dalí in 1969.


title: Big Bang (band)

paragraphs: Big Bang (, ) is a Korean boy band. The five members of the group are G-Dragon, Taeyang, T.O.P, Daesung, Seungri. Since their debut in 2006, they have become one of the most popular groups in Korea. Big Bang has been praised for their musical talent. In 2017, T.O.P. left for the military.


title: Hélio Castroneves

paragraphs: Hélio Castroneves (born Hélio Castro Neves; May 10, 1975) is a racecar driver for Penske Racing. He has won the Indy 500 three times. Castroneves won "Dancing with the Stars" in 2007 with his partner Julianne Hough. Castroneves has driven for Team Penske since he entered the series in the late 1990s. Despite numerous wins, Castroneves has never won an IndyCar Series championship. Castroneves lives in Fort Lauderdale, Florida.

paragraphs: Castroneves was born and raised in Brazil and was successful in karting there. He moved to Europe to keep racing and was a top driver in British Formula 3, which many racing experts say is a "stepping stone" to a career in a higher series such as F1 or IndyCar. He began racing in the United States in what was then the CART series in the late 1990s and struggled at first. However, in 2000, he got a big break when Team Penske signed him after Greg Moore, who the team originally wanted to drive for them, died in a racing accident in 1999. He joined the team in 2000 and has remained there ever since. In 2001, he won the Indianapolis 500, one of the most important events in the racing world. At the event, he famously climbed the protective fence at the side of the track. The following year he won again in a very controversial finish where it wasn't clear whether Castroneves or rival Paul Tracy had won. Castroneves was declared the winner, but many people believe Tracy was the rightful winner. Tracy has not gotten along with Castroneves since then and has called him a "two time winner", leaving out his 2002 win. Castroneves has always been a top driver and finished second in IndyCar Series points in 2008. The following year he won the Indy 500 for a third time. In 2009, he was accused of financial crimes and almost went to jail. He still drives for Team Penske, and finished second again in 2013.


title: Changdeokgung

paragraphs: Changdeokgung is one of the five grand palaces in South Korea. They are Gyeongbokgung, Changdeokgung, Deoksugung, Changgyunggung, and Gyeonghuigung. The five grand palaces were not built at the same time. Changdeokgung was built as the secondary palace next to Gyeongbokgung. The construction began by King Taejong, the Third King of the Joseon Dynasty, in 1405. Taking 7 years to complete, it was finished in the year 1412.

paragraphs: In the word Changdeokgung, Changdeok means 'Prospering Virtue', and gung means 'palace'. So the word Changdeokgung means 'the palace of prospering virtue'. Because of the meaning of the name of the palace, the kings of Joseon Dynasty chose mostly Changdeokgung to live in.

paragraphs: The palace had been the home of 14 kings of Joseon Dynasty until it was totally destroyed by the Japanese army in the year 1592. After the Japanese were driven back by the combined forces of Korea and China, Changdeokgung was rebuilt in 1612. After the reconstruction, the palace had suffered little damage and became the primary royal court of the Joseon Dynasty. This was because Gyeongbokgung was also destroyed by the Japanese but the Joseon Dynasty did not rebuild it for some reason and the Changdeokgung became the biggest palace in Korea.

paragraphs: However, Changdeokgung had suffered some damage for 350 years after the reconstruction. As a result, a large scale restoration took palace from 1990 to 1999. This restoration shows how much the Korean people loved Changdeokgung. Apparently, the UNESCO saw its value as well. Seeing Changdeokgung as a vital global asset, UNESCO listed it as a World Cultural Heritage. The UNESCO said that Changdukgung 'was outstanding example of Far Eastern palace architecture and garden design'.

paragraphs: Changdeokgung is in a park in Seoul, the capital city of South Korea. There are total of 13 buildings remaining in all and the area is designated as Historical Site No. 122. Tourists from all around the world visit this historic site. Changdeokgung is also an enjoyable park for families to spend their weekends.


title: Korea University

paragraphs: Korea University is a private university in Seoul, South Korea. Along with Seoul National University and Yonsei University, KU is one of the three most renowned universities in the country, collectively known as 'SKY.'

paragraphs: Founded in 1905 with the struggle against Japanese colonialism as a historical background, Korea University holds its legacy with highly national values as priorities. These days, however, an emphasis on internationalism and globalization is also becoming an important value that KU pursues.

paragraphs: Korea University has 81 academic departments, and is most well known for its law school, business school, and college of education.

paragraphs: It has many notable alumni, including the former President of the Republic of Korea Lee Myung-bak and former mayor of Seoul Oh Se-hoon.

paragraphs: Cha Bum-Kun, famous football manager and former player (nicknamed Tscha Bum), graduated from KU.

paragraphs: In 2009, famous figure skater Kim Yu-Na entered Korea University as a physical education major.

paragraphs: About 28,000 students are currently studying in Korea University, including 1,000 foreign students.


title: Joseph-Armand Bombardier

paragraphs: Joseph-Armand Bombardier (April 16, 1907 – February 18, 1964) was a Canadian inventor famous for inventing the snowmobile. In 2000, Joseph-Armand Bombardier was honnoured by the government of Canada with his image on a postage stamp.

paragraphs: Joseph-Armand was born in 1907 in Valcourt, Quebec. As a child he loved to take things apart and put them back together. He was very good at building mechanical things. He built his first moving toy at the age of 13. His father had to hide the family car from him because he liked to take apart and re-build the motor. To keep him away from the family car, his father gave him an old car that didn't work. Joseph-Armand fixed the motor, and put it on old sleds and created the first snow vehicle.

paragraphs: When he was 17 years old he convinced his father to let him quit college and become a mechanic. He continued to study mechanics and electrical engineering at night school.

paragraphs: His first patent was for a sprocket wheel and track system in 1937. This system would help him to make the first snowmobile the B7. These first snowmobiles were used by doctors, veterinarians, innkeepers and funeral directors to get around in the winter. Bombardier went on to design bigger snowmobiles that would carry up to 12 people.

paragraphs: During the War, he made snowmobiles and armoured tracked vehicles for the Canadian Government.

paragraphs: He is a member of the Canadian Science and Engineering Hall of Fame.


title: Earthship

paragraphs: An Earthship is a type of house that is built with natural and recycled materials with energy conservation in mind. Designed by the architect Michael Reynolds and his company "Earthship Biotecture", it is built to produce water and electricity for its own use. Mainly made of earth-filled tires it takes advantage of thermal mass, natural heat insulation and ventilation to maintain its temperature. Since it does not require any public utilities such as gas, electricity, water or sewage it can be considered as an off-the-grid housing, meaning that it can live away from public utilities.

paragraphs: An Earthship does not require external support to sustain itself. Instead, it is built to use resources available from its natural surroundings. For example, windows are placed so that sunlight is shone inside the house to be used for heating. Electricity is generated by solar panels and stored in batteries. The roofing collects rainwater that is filtered and used for drinking and various household activities such as cooking and washing. Used water from sinks and showers is reused to water indoor plants and after that for toilet flushing.

paragraphs: Earthships can adapt to different climates and are being build worldwide. In North- and South America, the Carribeans, Asia, Africa and Europe. Construction drawings and training should enable people to build their own off-the-grid Earthship home and become independent from public and commercial utilities.


title: Matt Kenseth

paragraphs: Matt Kenseth (born March 10, 1972) is an American race car driver. He drove for Joe Gibbs Racing and Roush Fenway Racing before he retired. In 2003, Kenseth won the NASCAR Winston Cup Championship.


title: Kittanning, Pennsylvania

paragraphs: Kittanning () is a borough and the county seat of Armstrong County, Pennsylvania, United States. It is 44 miles (71 km) northeast of Pittsburgh, and is by the Allegheny River.

paragraphs: Kittanning is along the Allegheny River. It was originally a Native American village in the 18th century. In 1756, the village was destroyed by John Armstrong, Sr. at the Battle of Kittanning during the French and Indian War. During the attack, a blast from the explosion of gunpowder stored in Captain Jacobs's house was heard in Pittsburgh, 44 miles away.

paragraphs: In 1900, 3,902 people lived in Kittanning, and in 1910, there were 4,311 people living in the area. After Wickboro became part of Kittanning, an estimated 10,000 people lived in Kittanning in 1914. In 1930, there were 7,808 people; in 1940, 7,550. The amount of people living in Kittanning was 4,787 at the 2000 census. Kittanning is the county seat of Armstrong County.

paragraphs: The playground on North Jefferson Street was formerly the Kittanning Cemetery; 274 graves were moved in 1960 to a new cemetery on Troy Hill Road.


title: Gastric dumping syndrome

paragraphs: Gastric dumping syndrome, also called dumping syndrome, and rapid gastric emptying, is when food or water passes through the body too fast. It can cause cramps, vomiting, diarrhea, feeling dizzy, nausea, and feeling tired.


title: Richard Peddie

paragraphs: Richard A. Peddie (born January 31, 1947 in Windsor Ontario) is the CEO of Maple Leaf Sports and Entertainment. This is the company that runs the Toronto Maple Leafs.


title: Webmail

paragraphs: Webmail (or Web-based e-mail) is an e-mail service which is usually accessed through a web browser, instead of an email client such as Microsoft Outlook. Some well known versions are Gmail, Windows Live Mail and Yahoo! Mail. One of the advantages of using web-based e-mail, as with other Cloud computing is that users needn't have their own computer. They can access and write their mail from anyone else's computer that has a web browser connected to the internet.


title: Club Penguin

paragraphs: Club Penguin was a massively multiplayer online game that was available to play online. It was owned by The Walt Disney Company starting in October 2005 before it was shut down in late March 2017. "Club Penguin" started as a chat room called Penguin Chat by Rocketsnail Games. The game was replaced by a freemium mobile application called Club Penguin Island, which did not receive the success that the original online game had.

paragraphs: "Club Penguin" was an online virtual world for all ages, where players could talk and meet with each other. Parties were held once a month with a different theme every time. Players could play games to earn coins.

paragraphs: There were also several rooms in "Club Penguin". A player would usually land in the town whenever they logged on. All players gathered at the town. By walking or by using the map, players could visit other places.

paragraphs: Like most online games, "Club Penguin" had a membership which can only be purchased online or through a special card that was purchased from the store. As a member, a player could buy furniture, adopt more puffles, and get access to member-only bonuses.

paragraphs: Puffles were the penguin's pets. Non-members could only buy a red puffle and a blue puffle, but members could adopt all 20 puffles in different colors. A puffle that was not well cared for by its owner will leave its owner and return to the wild. Puffles had food, hats, and toys which could be bought in the game.

paragraphs: There were many games on "Club Penguin". Each game had different controls. Some games are controlled by the mouse, while other games were controlled by the keyboard. At the end of a game, the player earns a certain amount of coins, depending on how fast and/or how well the game was played.

paragraphs: There are some video games based on "Club Penguin". These include the following:


title: Crush syndrome

paragraphs: Crush syndrome is a very bad health condition. It involves major shock and kidney failure because of the skeletal muscles being crushed. This condition can cause death.


title: Culture shock

paragraphs: Culture shock is a feeling people have when they are in a different and unknown culture or place, such as a different country. Culture shock grows out of the difficulties in getting used to the new culture, causing difficulty in knowing what is appropriate and what is not. The word was used for the first time in 1954 by Kalervo Oberg.


title: Modern dance

paragraphs: Modern dance is related to ballet, but aims at different types of performance, as compared to the classical ballets. Many of its dancers have been trained in ballet, and modern dance companies are rather similar to ballet companies. Here the word "modern" is not used to mean "recent". Modern dance is over a century old, having begun (in this sense) around 1900.

paragraphs: The phrase 'modern dance' is also applied to ballroom dance of the English (now 'International') style. However, this page uses "Modern dance" as a term to describe 20th century concert dance, on stage. The modern dance style does not have set rules. Modern dancers often create their own dance routines using their emotions and moods but, on the other hand, many performances are choreographed.

paragraphs: Also modern dancing does not require specific costumes. So modern dancers often dance barefoot and choose whatever they want to wear. Modern dancers try to show their innermost emotions through dancing, often trying to get closer to their inner-selves. Modern dance has evolved continually. Artistic content has changed and shifted from one choreographer to another, as have styles and techniques.

paragraphs: Modern dance was developed in the 20th century, mainly in the United States and Germany. In the early 1900s, several female dancers began rebelling against the strict rules of classical ballet.

paragraphs: The pioneers of modern dance in the United States were Isadora Duncan, Loie Fuller, Ruth St. Denis and Martha Graham. The pioneers of Germany were Rudolf Von Laban and Mary Wigman.


title: Epik High

paragraphs: Epik High is a South Korean hip hop music group. They are well known for having combined genres and different styles of hip-hop throughout their career and for the quality of their music and the lyrics to their songs. Group members are Tablo, DJ Tukutz and Mithra Jin. They made their first recording in 2003, and started their own music label, Map the Soul, in 2009. They went on a World Tour to Japan, Korea and U.S.A. (April 26 ,2009 ~ May 23, 2009). The label was acquired by Woolim Entertainment, their former label. But soon the contract between them and their company ended and they are now the members of


title: Ben Foster (footballer)

paragraphs: Ben Foster (born 3 April 1983) is an English footballer. He is a former England national team goalkeeper who currently plays for the Premier league club Watford. He holds the record for having done the most no. of saves (1178) in premier league history.

paragraphs: Foster started his football career at Racing Club Warwick and in 2001, secured his first transfer to Stoke City. Although considered promising, Foster struggled and could not get regular game-time in his youth days.

paragraphs: In 2005 he departed, without playing a single match, from Stoke City after a series of loan spells and joined Manchester United where he played as a back-up to Edwin van der Sar. He was loaned twice, consecutively, for the years 2005-06 and 2006-07 to Watford before spending three more seasons at Manchester United as a substitute goalkeeper. He finally left Manchester United for Birmingham City in 2010.

paragraphs: It was from this time that Foster started to get regular starts in all the teams he played till now. At Birmingham City, he instantly established himself in the main-eleven for the 2010-11 season. The next season, West Bromwich Albion successfully managed to seal a loan deal with Birmingham City for Foster before finalising the transfer in 2012. He spent a total of seasons at West Brom before leaving the club for Watford in 2018. Since joining Watford, he has been praised several times by analysts for his calm presence in the goal behind a considerably weak Watford defense and has won back-to-back Premier league goalkeeper of the year awards at the "London Football Awards".

paragraphs: Born in Leamington Spa, Ben Foster used to work as a chef before he started his career as a footballer. He is currently married to Kate Foster with whom he has 2 childrens. The family lives in a self-designed house at Tiddington, Warwickshire. Besides football, Foster has deep interest in cycling and has taken part in various cycling tours.


title: Yonsei University

paragraphs: Yonsei University (연세대학교,延世大學校) is one of the top three universities in South Korea. It is privately-owned, and one of the oldest universities in the country.

paragraphs: Yonsei University was started by a Christian missionary named Horace Underwood. The university included older schools. One was "Yonhi College" and another was "Severance Hospital". Severance Hospital had a medical school called "Gwanghyewon" which opened in 1885. Therefore, Yonsei University states that it started in 1885.

paragraphs: The main buildings are in Sinchon in Seoul, but there are also students in Wonju in Gangwon province.

paragraphs: The university offers courses in economics, business, and medical majors. Severance Hospital is still the medical center of Yonsei University. Yonsei University's school color is blue.


title: Hankuk Academy of Foreign Studies

paragraphs: Hankuk Academy of Foreign Studies (HAFS) is a private boarding school in Yongin City, South Korea. It was founded by the city council and the Hankuk University of Foreign Studies through working together. HAFS was established on 9 October 2004. The school has around 113 workers and approximately 1050 students. The school is well known for its school uniform which is designed by André Kim, a famous designer in S. Korea.

paragraphs: The school ground includes three classroom buildings named Pioneer Hall, Dream Hall, and Challenge Hall respectively and two dormitory buildings named Ace Hall. All students have to live in the dormitory throughout the school years.

paragraphs: There are 5 language departments, which are often referred to as "majors": English, French, German, Chinese, and Japanese. Classes 1 - 3 are English majors; class 4, French major; class 5, German major; classes 6 - 8, Chinese majors; classes 9 - 10, Japanese majors. There are approximately 35 students per class. The English majors are often referred to as the International Department and the French, German, Chinese and Japanese majors, or the Eurasian Majors as the Domestic Department.