title: Maha Elgenaidi

paragraphs: Maha Elgenaidi is best known for founding Islamic Networks Group (ING) which is a group of educators who go to different communities and schools to teach people about Islam. She has won many awards for her efforts, including the Civil Rights Leadership Award, Citizen of the Year, and Dorothy Irene Height Community Award.

paragraphs: Maha’s career started when she noticed that people were thinking badly about Muslims and the religion of Islam. In fact, 66% of Americans admit to thinking badly about Muslims. Also, more than 80% of Americans think that Islam is sexist to women. She also noticed that many of these unkind thoughts were from lack of education. This led to her career in educating people about Islam.

paragraphs: Like many other Americans, growing up, Maha also thought that Islam was sexist. However, when she read the Qur’an (A Muslim religious book) she had a different view on the religion. She found that Islam was very inclusive to other religions. The best way to change someone’s views on something is to educate them.


title: Julia Morgan

paragraphs: Julia Morgan was an American architect and engineer. Julia Hunt Morgan was born on January 26th, 1872 to Charles Bill Morgan and Eliza Morgan In San Francisco. She died on February 2nd, 1957. She was one of five kids and grew up in Oakland. Eventually, she would become an awe-inspiring and under appreciated female architect and the first woman to receive an architect’s license in the state of California.

paragraphs: Starting in high school, Morgan expressed a big interest in architecture. She became the first woman to attend an architectural school in Paris and was also the first woman to graduate from there. When she moved back to California, she received her official architect’s license.

paragraphs: Morgan was most famous for her project on Sam Simeon, San Francisco for the Hearst family in 1919. The project included designing and building a pan-European styled castle, which was later to be known as the Hearst Castle. It was made of fragments of architecture from Italy and Spain. This project lasted for 25 years. Morgan’s architectural team also designed many houses, churches, cottages, schools, and many other types of buildings. Her biggest goal was always to satisfy her clients and “design buildings from the inside out.” She did so in styles anywhere from Byzantine, Italianate, Craftsman, Gothic, Romanesque, etc.


title: Mary C. Daly

paragraphs: Marcy C. Daly is an American economist. On October 1, 2018, she became the 13th President and Chief Executive Officer of the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco (San Francisco Fed). She also works on the Federal Reserve's Federal Open Market Committee on a rotating basis. Daly started working for the San Francisco Fed in 1996. She was its Executive Vice President and Director of Research. She later became its President and CEO.

paragraphs: Daly was born in Ballwin, Missouri. Her father was a postal worker and her mother was a homemaker. She was a good student, but she had money problems and quit school at 15. By age 16 she was living alone, working to earn full-time pay.

paragraphs: Daly went on to earn a high school equivalency diploma (GED). She received a bachelor's degree from the University of Missouri-Kansas City in 1985 and a master's degree from the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign in 1987. She went on to earn a Ph.D in economics from the Maxwell School at Syracuse University in 1994. She also completed a post-doctoral fellowship at National Institute of Aging at Northwestern University in 1996.

paragraphs: Her research is in macroeconomics and labor economics. She has published work on many economic topics. Daly has also worked to increase diversity and inclusion within the Federal Reserve System and in the field of economics.


title: Elaine Forbes

paragraphs: Elaine Forbes is the Director of the Port of San Francisco. In October 2016, the mayor of San Francisco appointed her to that job. In the whole United States there are only twelve female Port Directors.

paragraphs: Born in San Francisco, Forbes is the great grandchild of a Port worked. Her parents met in high school but divorced when she was three. Forbes lived with her mother. She admired her mother very much because she was a hard worker. She went to public school. Forbes liked singing. She was a member of the San Francisco Girls Chorus.

paragraphs: Because it was the 1970s, Forbes experienced hippie culture. She participated in the Civil Rights Movement and lived in a commune in the Haight Ashbury neighborhood of the city. Because she lived in a commune, she looked forward to having her own apartment when she grew up. Her mother died when Forbes was 19.

paragraphs: Now Forbes lives in San Francisco’s Castro neighborhood with her partner, Angela Calvillo, and their dogs.

paragraphs: Forbes went to Skyline Community College and Mills College. She went to graduate school at University of California, Los Angeles to study Community and Economic Development.

paragraphs: Forbes had many jobs in non-profit land use and development. She was a planner for the city of Oakland, CA, USA. She then was an executive manager for the City of San Francisco’s planning department and the San Francisco International Airport. She was a policy advisor for the city of San Francisco’s budget office. In 2010 she started working at the Port of San Francisco as the Deputy Director for Finance and Administration.


title: Jennifer Doudna

paragraphs: Jennifer Anne Doudna (born February 19, 1964) is an American biochemist. She known for her work in CRISPR gene editing, for which she won the 2020 Nobel Prize in Chemistry along with Emmanuelle Charpentier.

paragraphs: Jennifer Doudna was born in 1963. In 1985 she earned her bachelor of arts in biochemistry at Pomona College in California. She earned her PHD at Harvard University four years later. In 1994, Doudna worked at Yale University with a group of scientists studying RNA, a necessary part of genetics.

paragraphs: Doudna is known for co-inventing the CRISPR-Cas9 which launched in 2018. CRISPR-Cas9 genetically modified DNA and only attempts to cure blood illnesses. She has won multiple medals for her invention and work such as the Kavi Prize, The Breakthrough Prize in Life Sciences, The Gruber Genetics Prize, and the Warren Alpert Foundation Prize. But those medals and awards come with backlash and controversy. Some people believe gene editing isn’t going with ethics, and when used wrong the results can be potentially harmful. Still Doudna continues to pursue her dreams.

paragraphs: Doudna currently works as a professor at the University of California, Berkeley. Doudna teaches chemistry and molecular cell biology. She is also an investigator at the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. She lives in California with her husband Jamie Kate and her son Andrew. Doudna says that it is amazing that she is part of such a significant development, the CRISPR-Cas9.


title: Tiffany Shlain

paragraphs: Tiffany Shlain, filmmaker and business leader, was born on April 8th, 1970.

paragraphs: Tiffany Shlain is most well known for making the Webby Awards, the “leading international honors for websites”. The Webby Awards take place every year and give awards to the best websites.

paragraphs: Shlain is on the Leadership Board for the Center on Media and Child Health at Harvard’s Children’s Hospital in Boston. Besides being a business leader, Shlain’s films have won many awards, such as “The Future Starts Here”, which has been chosen for an Emmy award. Her signature style of filmmaking includes lots of vibrant action shots and animations. She engages her audience with bright and vivid images, thought-provoking keynotes, and humorous observations.

paragraphs: Tiffany has received rewards for her films from many organizations, including Steven Spielberg’s Righteous Person’s Foundation. Shlain also gives convincing speeches that encourage people to think about where we are in the world in terms of connection and technology. There were over 11,000 broadcasts in the world of 50/50 thinking the Past, Present, and Future of Women + Power, which were all brought together to an online discussion in which Shlain talked about supporting gender equality. She also has been the closing speaker for TED Women and TED MED. The Webby Awards will continue even after Shlain’s death.


title: Ruth Asawa

paragraphs: Ruth Asawa (January 27, 1926 – August 5, 2013) was an American sculptor.

paragraphs: Ruth Asawa (January 27,1926-August 5, 2013) was an artist who helped to inspire art as we know it today. Asawa was born in Norwalk, California and was the fourth child out of seven. She attended Rohwer High School in Desha County, Arkansas as she had to evacuate from California due to World War II. Rohwer was a Japanese-American concentration camp at the time. She went to  the University of Wisconsin but could not get a degree because of where she was from. After that, she went to Black Mountain College. Ever since she was a young girl, she showed an interest in art. She even drew in the mud when she was a child. Ruth is famous for making sculptures out of metal wire. “Meandering lines and patterns, explorative variations of the same form or subject, and the most economical way to convey an image and characterize her work.” She helped to found SCRAP, a recycling art program. This quote is saying that trying out different patterns and lines is the best way for her to make her work different from other people’s work. Asawa also created the San Francisco School of Arts. Ruth believed that anybody who wanted to could do art and everyone had a part of them which was artistic. “Art is for everyone. It is not something that you should have to go to the museums in order to see and enjoy.”said Asawa.


title: Alicia Garza

paragraphs: Alicia Garza (born January 4, 1981) is an American civil rights activist.


title: Ruth Brinker

paragraphs: Ruth Brinker (May 1, 1922 – August 8, 2011) was an American AIDS activist. Brinker founded Project Open Hand. She also had a farm that was named Fresh Start Farms. Fresh Start Farms only hired refugees and people that used to be homeless. She received the Jefferson Award in 2005 for what she did.

paragraphs: Brinker was a retired grandma when she founded Project Open Hand. Project Open Hand is a service designed to deliver food to people with HIV/AIDS. Project Open Hand currently supports many other diseases. Brinker is known for helping people with HIV and AIDS through her foundation. She was able to get volunteers and inspire projects like Project Open Hand in other places around the world. She also had a farm called Fresh Start Farms. It grew expensive and fancy vegetables for high-end restaurants. Brinker would only hire refugees and people coming out of homelessness.

paragraphs: Even though she died in August 2011, but Project Open Hand still actively serves communities today.

paragraphs: Brinker died with two children as well as extended family. She ran her own antique shop before working at Meals on Wheels. She always had a courageous spirit, a focused mindset, and wanted to help. In 1985, the nation-wide HIV and AIDS problem came to light. Brinker knew she had to do something to help when her neighbor died of malnutrition because of HIV.

paragraphs: She received the 2005 Jefferson Award because of her public service.


title: Sylvia McLaughlin

paragraphs: Sylvia McLaughlin (December 24, 1916 – January 19, 2016) was an American environmental activist. Sylvia Mclaughlin was best known for beginning and helping the movement to save the San Francisco Bay.

paragraphs: Mclaughlin was born in Denver, Colorado. George E. Cranmer and Jean Chappell Cranmer were her parents. She grew up in an area with an interesting environment. She left Denver and went to Vassar College in New York.

paragraphs: She returned to Denver and married Donald H. Mclaughlin. Soon enough, the couple moved to Berkeley, California. They started a family in California. When Sylvia saw the environment she lived she got mad. Pollution was ruining the Bay. This inspired Mclaughlin to start Save the Bay with two other women in 1961. Save the Bay gathered together many other passionate activists and stopped 2,000 acres of land in the Berkeley bay from being filled with cement. For almost forty years, Sylvia remained on the Save the Bay board. She also joined many other environment focused boards.

paragraphs: Her work helped people learn about the environment of the bay and how to better protect it. Because of Mclaughlin, California is still very careful about maintaining the bay’s healthy habitat and creating laws to further protect it.

paragraphs: After many years of hard work, Sylvia Mclaughlin passed at age 99. We thank her for saving our bay and inspiring many younger generations to follow in her footsteps.

paragraphs: Sylvia Mclaughlin was best known for beginning and fueling the movement to save the San Francisco Bay.


title: Ginetta Sagan

paragraphs: Ginetta Sagan (June 1, 1925 – August 25, 2000) was an Italian-born American human rights activist.

paragraphs: Ginetta Sagan fought for equality. She saved many lives from 1925 to 2000. Ginetta was confident equality fighting women starting from when she was only 17 years old. She followed her. Parents path even though she knew it was dangerous. Both Ginetta’s parents were put in prison in 1943. Ginetta knew how dangerous fighting for oppressed people was. She called herself Little Mouse. Even though she went by a false name she was still caught in 1945. She was caught because a previous friend betrayed her. She was tortured for 45 days, but that didn’t stop her. She kept on fighting for equal rights for all. Ginetta put herself at risk multiple times to save others. Ginetta is known for being elected chairwoman of the American organization and receiving the Presidential Medal of freedom. Ginetta was a famous roll model for the world. Ginetta was so well known that after her death Amnesty International U.S.A started giving Ginetta Sagan Awards yearly. The Ginetta Sagan Award is given to people who work to make the world more equal. Before she moved on to speaking up for equality, she studied child development at Sorbonne University. The American Organization claims that she died in august 2000 of cancer.


title: Mary Tape

paragraphs: Mary Tape (1857-1934) was a desegregation activist. Tape fought for equal education. She wanted Chinese American students to study at schools with white students.

paragraphs: Mary Tape was born in China. In 1868, Tape came to San Francisco. She was an orphan. The Ladies’ Protection and Relief Society helped her. She named herself "Mary McGladery." The Society taught her the English language and how to live in the United States. She married Joseph Tape. They had four children. Tape taught her children to act like white Americans.

paragraphs: Tape and her family lived in the city of San Francisco, California, USA. She wanted her oldest child to study at the public school. The school said only white children could be students. It would not accept Chinese American students. Tape took the school to court. She fought for equal education. The Tape family lost in court. The children went to special Chinese American schools. Later, the family moved to Berkeley, California where they had more rights.

paragraphs: Tape was also known for having a middle-class family that acted more stereotypically American than other Chinese-American families at the time. She changed the way that many people thought of Chinese-American families at the time, and opened a gateway for people of her race to be more accepted in their society. She also earned awards for her photography and was a skillful telegrapher. Mary Tape died of old age in 1934, five months before husband.


title: Mother Wright

paragraphs: Mary Ann Wright (July 11, 1921 – May 7, 2009), known as Mother Wright, was a humanitarian activist. She started the Mary Ann Wright Foundation. This foundation helped feed hungry people. Her nickname is "Mother" because she reminds people of Mother Teresa. Mother Wright became an activist when she was 63.

paragraphs: Before she started her work, she lived in Louisiana. She was born in New Orleans. She moved at a young age. Her mother died when she was five years old. Wright was raised by her aunts and other relatives. They were devoted Catholics. They walked miles to church from their home. When Wright grew up, she worked many different jobs. She had a husband and 12 children. Unfortunately, her husband was cruel to her. So, Wright left Louisiana and moved to California. Her children came to California with her.

paragraphs: In California, she received a “vision from God” in her sleep. The dream told he to help hungry people. She continued helping the hungry, and eventually got recognition for it. Wright received the Caring Award, an award inspired by Mother Teresa. She is also in the Hall of Fame for Caring Americans. She died at the age of 87.


title: Yoshie Akiba

paragraphs: Yoshie Akiba is the founder of a very famous jazz club in Oakland, CA.


title: Edythe Boone

paragraphs: Edythe Boone (born 1938), is an African-American artist and activist.

paragraphs: Edythe Boone came from a working class family. Her mother was a maid for a white, Jewish family. That family was very supportive of Boone.

paragraphs: Edythe Boone is a muralist who has painted many murals, or large pieces of art. She painted murals for the city of Berkeley, CA. Berkeley City Council said July 13th is “Edy Boone Day.” The first Edy Boone Day was in 2010. She started out as a sort of “under-cover muralist,” secretly painting murals at night that reflected the struggles of people of color. Now 74 years old, she has painted numerous murals, including several that are now famous landmarks. For example, in San Francisco she helped paint “Maestra Peace,” which roughly means “Woman Teacher of Peace.” Boone also likes working with people who live in a neighborhood to make their own mural, including people who are homeless and lived in People's Park in Berkeley. Recently she has been getting more attention because of a 2013 documentary called “A New Color” by Mo Morris that tells about her notable career. “She builds bridges between people who don’t think they have [any similarities].”


title: Luisa Buada

paragraphs: Luisa Buada is a healthcare activist from East Palo Alto, CA, and is the CEO of the Ravenswood Family Health Center.

paragraphs: Buada has worked most of her life in health care. She helped start several clinics, specifically ones in Berkeley, CA; Watsonville, CA; and in the Salinas Valley in California. This includes "Clinicas de Salud", Berkeley Primary Access Clinic, and LifeLong Medical Care. She wants to make sure all patients can get help from a doctor. She helped improve the health care services at Ravenswood Family Health Center in East Palo Alto. She made it more affordable. At Ravenswood, over 14,000 people signed up for their services.

paragraphs: Luisa is also a farmer’s rights advocate. She joined the farmworker’s movement in California's Central Valley, and helped organize clothing and food drives.

paragraphs: In 1977, Luisa finished college. She studied Nursing at the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) School of Nursing. In 1990, she received her Master’s degree in Public Health and Administration from the University of California, Berkeley.

paragraphs: She was a finalist for the 2016 Visionary of the Year Award. She also received the Woman of the Year Award from Senator Jerry Hill, and the John W. Gardner Exemplary.


title: Sharon Chatman

paragraphs: Sharon Chatman (born December 15, 1947) is an American former college basketball coach, a lawyer, and a judge.


title: Sofia Mendoza

paragraphs: Sofia Mendoza (1934-2015) was an activist. She worked towards improving the East San Jose, California community.

paragraphs: Mendoza started a group in East San Jose called “United People Arriba”. United People Arriba watched the police. They watch that people of color were treated equally to white people. She also lead a walk-out. The protest was to stop discrimination in local schools. The government counts the number of students in school to know how much money to give the school. In this walk-out, Sofia Mendoza proved that students had the power to not show up. This action could cause the school to lose money.

paragraphs: Mendoza died at the age of 80, in Santa Clara. She was supposed to have surgery before she died.

paragraphs: Mendoza died in 2015. She left behind the idea that people are always stronger when they work together in groups.

paragraphs: Despite the fact that she left behind an important legacy, she did not receive any awards for her actions.

paragraphs: Although she is gone, Sophia Mendoza left her mark on the East San Jose community by being an activist and and fighting hard for what she cared about.


title: K. Megan McArthur

paragraphs: Katherine Megan McArthur (born August 10, 1971) is an American astronaut for NASA. She is married to astronaut Bob Behnken.

paragraphs: Katherine Megan McArthur was born in Honolulu, Hawaii. Her parents were Don and Kit Macarthur. Her family moved near San Francisco, CA. She attended St. Francis High School in Mountain View, CA. She went to college at the University of California, Los Angeles. She studied Aerospace Engineering. After college she went to school more and earned a PhD. She got a PhD in Oceanography at University of California, San Diego. As a child she always wanted to become an astronaut.

paragraphs: In 2000, McArthur started working at the Carter training facility in Texas. In 2002, she got her phD. Also she started working at the astronaut office shuttle operations branch. In 2009, she went on a space journey. It lasted 13 days. Her job was to fix the Hubble Space Telescope. She loved seeing earth from space. She also thought that “we should take action for our earth.” After the space mission was over, she continued to work for NASA. She worked to get more women into NASA. McArthur believed that if you set your mind to anything, you can accomplish it.


title: Economy of the United States

paragraphs: The economy of the United States is the world's largest national economy and the world's second-largest overall economy, the GDP of the European Union being approximately $2 trillion larger. Its nominal GDP was estimated to be $21.4 trillion in 2019, approximately a quarter of nominal global GDP. Its GDP at purchasing power parity is the largest in the world, approximately a fifth of global GDP at purchasing power parity.


title: Shadnagar

paragraphs: Shadnagar is a town and assembly constituency in the Ranga Reddy district in Hyderabad, Telangana, India. As part of the district reorganization of Telangana Government, Shadnagar separated from Mahabubnagar district and merged into Ranga Reddy district headquarters. Shadnagar also has ISRO centre (NRSC) which is very famous centre for data reception from various satellites. Famous people like Bill Gates have visited this place. It is very near to the Hyderabad International Airport (30 km) and 50 km to Hyderabad.


title: Sukhinder Singh Cassidy

paragraphs: Sukhinder Singh Cassidy (born Sukhinder Singh in 1970) is an entrepreneur. She founded many technology companies. In the beginning of her career, she worked for Amazon, BskyB, and Merrill Lynch. She founded a business called Yodlee.

paragraphs: Cassidy was born in Tanzania. She lived in Canada as a child. She went to college at the University of Western Ontario, Canada. She studied Business Administration.

paragraphs: By the age of 25, her goal was to start her very own business. Cassidy is known for leading many online businesses such as theBoardlist, Joyus, and StubHub. Cassidy also worked as CEO of Polyvore for some time. It is an online marketplace. Additionally, she worked for more than 5 years as president of one of Google's international businesses. She has led to the growth of many tech businesses. She still works as chairman of many companies including theBoardlist and Joyus. She continues to be a board member of Urban outfitters. Her goal is to assign women in to more leading positions on boards and lead successfully.


title: Brenda Villa

paragraphs: Brenda Villa is an American Olympic athlete and teacher.

paragraphs: Brenda Villa (1980- ) is a three time Olympic medalist in Water Polo. She was born in Commerce, California. She started playing Water Polo at age 8 at the Commerce Aquatorium. She was inspired to take up Water Polo by her brother Edgar. Edgar pushed her to become stronger and better. She was always looking for his approval. Another challenge was that she was playing against older kids who were mostly boys. There were not enough girls to make a team.

paragraphs: Villa graduated from high school in 1998. She earned a college scholarship to Stanford for her skills in Water Polo. She was named the top collegiate player on the Stanford Women’s Water Polo team. Villa is famous for her accomplishments in Water Polo which have earned her several Olympic medals.

paragraphs: Brenda started playing for the US National Team in 1998. She helped them qualify for the Olympics. She and her teammates appeared on CNBC, MSNBC, and NBC. In 2003, her team won the World Championship in Water Polo. Villa was also a big part in the Pan Am championships. Right now, she is working as the Water Polo Coach at Castilleja School in Palo Alto, California, USA. Villa is possibly going to be recognized in the Olympic Hall of Fame.


title: Anna Wang

paragraphs: Anna Wang is a founder of Friends of Children with Special Needs (FCSN), a co-founder of Autism Parents Task Force, and the founder of Dream Achievers Band. A founder is a person who starts an organization. FCSN opened in Fremont, California, in 2006.

paragraphs: Wang is married to Albert Wang. They have three kids. Lawrence Wang is the middle child and was diagnosed with autism at a young age. Wang talks about how in Chinese communities, people don’t talk about their kids with special needs. When Wang figured out her son had autism, she did not know what to do. Over time, she found a therapist for her son. Soon, other families learned how Wang was taking care of her son. This inspired other families with children that had special needs to meet up. Soon, five families met up to talk about their children with autism. These meetings were the start of Friends of Children with Special Needs. Friends of Children with Special Needs officially opened in 2006 making Fremont its headquarters. Dream Achievers Band is a group of kids with autism that play music.

paragraphs: Wang was an electrical engineer, and her husband was a doctor.


title: Chengdu J-20

paragraphs: The Chengdu J-20 is an airplane China uses that was designed to fight other airplanes. It has stealth, which means it is very hard for radar to see it. It also has 2 engines, one seat, and can fly good in all weather. It started being used by China in March 2017. It has canards, which are tiny wings in front of the main set of bigger wings that help it stay in the air. It is the world's third working stealth fighter. The first is the F-22 and the second is the F-35. It can fly 1.7 times faster than sound.

paragraphs: The Pentagon said that their files on the F-35 were hacked by someone from China. Some people think that this hack helped the Chinese build the J-20 faster.


title: Aimee Allison

paragraphs: Aimee Allison (born 1969) is a political activist. Aimee Allison is working for equality. She is President of "Democracy in Color" and founder of "She the People."

paragraphs: Growing up, Allison admired her parents. Her mother was a civil rights activist. Her father was a scientist. She was inspired by her parents to get into political activism. When Allison was 17 years old, she joined the army. After being a soldier in the first Gulf War, she realized that she did not agree with fighting wars. Allison became a "conscientious objector," someone who is against war. Allison lives in Oakland, California, USA.

paragraphs: Allison went to college and studied history. She went to graduate school and studied education. She studied at Stanford University. In 2006, Allison was elected to the Oakland city council. By 2016 she had two degrees and had co-authored a book about the military and war.

paragraphs: Allison is known for founding “She the People,” an organization that promotes women of color to be leaders. “She the People” has a project called “Get in Formation.” It inspires African-American women to vote. Because women of color are voting, different people are elected as leaders.


title: Kimberly Bryant

paragraphs: Kimberly Bryant (1967--) is the founder of Black Girls Code (BGC). Black Girls Code is a nonprofit organization teaching girls to write code for computers. It also teaches girls to be leaders.

paragraphs: Bryant grew up in Memphis, Tennessee, USA. Bryant wanted to work as a lawyer until she discovered computer science. Her brother taught her about computer science. Years later, she noticed her daughter loved to play video games. She enrolled her daughter in a computer science camp at Stanford. Her daughter was very upset from the camp. The camp was all boys, so her daughter felt alone. Bryant wanted to change girls' experience with learning about computers.

paragraphs: Bryant helps women of color to be more involved in STEM. Black Girls Code started in a basement in San Francisco. Now, Black Girls Code teaches 3,000 girls and uses 1,300 volunteers. They have 13 chapters in the U.S., as well as one in South Africa.


title: Bhupathy's purple frog

paragraphs: Nasikabatrachus bhupathi, or Bhupathy's purple frog, lives in the Western Ghat mountains in India. It is a purple cave frog that lives underground almost all the time.

paragraphs: Many species of frog dig underground a little, but Bhupathy's purple frogs live undergound almost all the time. They have front limbs shaped like shovels for digging and long noses so they can stick their tongues aboveground and lick the surface to catch ants to eat. They do not have shoot-and-pull-back tongues like other frogs.

paragraphs: Adult frogs have purple skins and a thin blue ring around each eye.

paragraphs: The frog has one close relative, the purple frog, "N. sahyadrensis", which was first found in the Western Ghats in 2003.

paragraphs: The tadpoles do not swim in ponds or streams. Instead, they grab the stones behind waterfalls, where they spend six months eating algae. Young frogs, called imagos, have brown skin. They turn purple when they are adults.

paragraphs: Adult frogs only come aboveground when the rain falls at the beginning of the northeast monsoon season, when they find mates.

paragraphs: Scientists from Hyderabad's Center for Cellular and Molecular Biology discovered the frog in 2017. They named the frog after scientist Dr. Subramaniam Bhupathy, who died in the Western Ghat Mountains in 2014. They wrote about "N. bhupathi" in "Alytes", the official magazine of the International Society for the Study and Conservation of Amphibians. They found "N. bhupathi" by listening for frog sounds coming up from underground.

paragraphs: "This frog lineage is very ancient, and has a very low diversity, so this finding is very special and unusual," said Elizabeth Prendini of the American Museum of Natural History, who helped write the scientific paper about the discovery.

paragraphs: The scientists did not to say exactly where they found the sample frogs because it was on private property.

paragraphs: This discovery was paid for by the Indian government in a project to sample the DNA of every frog in the country.

paragraphs: Some scientists said that because "N. bhupathy", which lives in India, has close relatives in the Seychelles, which are close to Africa, it is likely that the Gondwanaland idea of why the continents are where they are is right. This idea says that Africa and India used to be one large continent, called Gondwanaland.


title: Horsetooth Reservoir

paragraphs: Horsetooth Reservoir is a man-made lake just west of Fort Collins, Colorado, in southern Larimer County made for recreation purposes, and is the main water supply for the Poudre Valley. The reservoir was a part of the Colorado-Big Thompson project. This project was made to move water from the west slope to the east slope. The water is used for local farms, hydropower, and drinking water for Northern Colorado. The lake is 6.5 miles long and had 25 miles of shore line with 4 camping areas, 111 campsites total, and 4 boat-launch areas. The primary activities are fishing, power boating, water skiing, hiking, and camping.

paragraphs: This reservoir was created on top of the town of Stout. Stout was a small town with a population of 47 1/2. This town had a sandstone mine, and had a railroad that went through it. This town turned into a gost town and horsetooth reservoir was build on top of it. To this day when the water is low enough visitors can still see the buildings where Stout used to be. Horsetooth reservoirs damn began being built in 1949. In 1954, the water was used for farms until the 1970 and then only 80 percent of the water was used for farms. In the 1990's just a little over half of the water supply was used for farms and the other half was used for drinking and hydropower. This reservoir was the largest created during the Colorado-Big Thompson project. Building was finished in 1949 and water first entered the reservoir in 1951. Horsetooth was given its name because of an Arapaho legand that on the west side of the reservoir at the top of a mountain. There is a rock that Natives thought looked like a giant's heart and then later decided that it looked more like a horse's tooth.


title: Catahoula Leopard Dog

paragraphs: Catahoula Leopard dog is a medium sized hunting dog also known as the Catahoula cur, Catahoula hog dog, and Catahoula hound. The breed lives about 10 to 14 years. "Catahoula" dog has Native American roots and its name means "scared lake". Catahoula are from Louisiana and is the state's mascot. These dogs typically are medium-sized with a short coat varying with patterns and eyes that differ in color. Catahoulas were bred through the Blood hound, Spanish mastiff and Greyhound. The Breed is known to the American Kennel Club (AKC). AKC has grouped the breed as a stock service animal.

paragraphs: Catahoula is a high energy-level breed that requires a lot of activities such as fetching, walking, running or hiking. Catahoula's need a lot of attention with other dogs and humans.

paragraphs: The Catahoula is recognized by many kennel clubs, which allows the dog to be in dog shows. The two most popular kennel clubs is AKC and UKC. If one wishes to show their Catahoula leopard dog, she must be permanently registered and have a licensing number through the kennel club chosen. Not only should the breed be licensed, they are required to be well-kept, and not be a mixed breed.

paragraphs: The head of the Catahoula should look strong, the mouth should look nicely even with the head and not deformed. The Leopard dog's head and mouth should be parallel, which sometimes causes wrinkles on the forehead.

paragraphs: In-order to be show ready, the dog must have full white teeth with nice pink gums. A sharp bite is ideal but teeth that may be worn or broken is okay.

paragraphs: Eyes should look medium sized, sort of rounded with varying eye colors or mix of colors. Eyes that may be deformed such as being un-centered; sagging of the eyelids; wired movability of eyelids or eyelashes can be a disqualification.

paragraphs: Ears flop to the side with a short to medium triangular shape. The top of the ear should be even to the head. When alert, the tip of the ear lays close to the cheek. No Catahoula for show can have cropped ears.

paragraphs: The body should look strong with a broad chest. Catahoula's front legs and back legs should be medium length. When feet are being looked at, the dogs paws should be well groomed and have good webbing between toes.


title: Steven Crowder

paragraphs: Steven Blake Crowder (; born July 7, 1987) is a conservative American-Canadian comedian, actor and political commentator.

paragraphs: Crowder was born in Michigan in 1987. His mother is a French Canadian. Crowder grew up in Montreal. When Crowder was 12 years old, he played a cartoon bear nicknamed Brain in the television show Arthur. Crowder was also in Canadian television commercials.

paragraphs: Crowder started doing stand-up comedy at Just for Laughs when he was 18. In 2005, Crowder played a Canadian convenience store manager in the movie 3 Needles. Crowder was also Brain in an animated movie called Arthur’s Missing Pal. Crowder played a character called Party Kid in the horror movie, The Covenant. Crowder played a boy in a classroom in the horror movie The Secret. Crowder played a person playing baseball in the children’s movie the Velveteen Rabbit. Crowder played an important character in the Christian movie, To Save a Life.

paragraphs: In 2009, Crowder started working as a right-wing political commentator for Fox News. Crowder filmed comedy videos for conservative websites. In 2013, Fox News fired Crowder.

paragraphs: In 2015, Crowder filmed a series of videos of himself and some other people commenting on left-wing politics and telling jokes about it from a conservative point of view and posted the videos on the Internet as a conservative political comedy called Louder with Crowder.

paragraphs: In 2018, Crowder started going to colleges across the country sitting at a table with a sign saying that he has a conservative position on a specific controversial topic (male privilege, socialism, guns and abortion have been some of them) and asks people to change his mind. Crowder voted for Donald Trump in 2016.

paragraphs: In 2019, YouTube stopped letting Crowder make money from posting Louder with Crowder videos in response to a gay Hispanic journalist named Carlos Maza saying that Crowder was bullying him after Crowder used homophobic language to describe him.

paragraphs: In 2012, Steven Crowder married a woman named Hilary Korzon. Both before and after the wedding, Crowder argued in favor of sexual abstinence before marriage.


title: James Holzhauer

paragraphs: James Holzhauer (born July 1984) is the third-highest winner on the American television game show "Jeopardy!", and the third-highest winner on a game show.

paragraphs: Holzhauer won 32 games, earning $2,642,216. His winning streak lasted from April 4, 2019 to June 3, 2019. During his winning streak, he broke several show records. On April 9, 2019, Holzhauer broke the one-day record with $110,914, breaking the previous record of $77,000 set by Roger Craig in 2010. He breaks his own record with $131,127 on April 17, 2019. He is the first and only player in the show's history to win $100,000 or more in a single game; and he holds the top sixteen spots for most single-day winnings.

paragraphs: On June 3, 2019, Holzhauer lost to a player named Emma Boettcher, who won three games of her own after that. They were both brought back for the Tournament of Champions, which aired November 4-15, 2019. In the tournament, Holzhauer defeated Boettcher in the two-day final, winning the $250,000 prize.

paragraphs: In January 2020, Holzhauer faced off against Ken Jennings and Brad Rutter in Jeopardy! The Greatest of All-Time, finishing in second place with Jennings winning the $1,000,000 first prize and Holzhauer taking home $250,000 for second palce.


title: Jeopardy! Battle of the Decades

paragraphs: The Jeopardy! Battle of the Decades was a special tournament held during the 30th season of the American television game show "Jeopardy!" It featured 45 contestants who won or competed in the Tournament of Champions in the past. The field of contestants were broken up into three decades (1984-1993, 1994-2003, and 2004-2013), and contestants from their respective decade competed against one another. There were five matches per decade, deciding who advances to the quarterfinal round of the tournament to compete for $1,000,000. The first decade aired in February 2014. The second one aired in March 2014. And the third aired in April 2014. The rest of the tournament (quarterfinals, semifinals, and finals) aired May 5-16, 2014.

paragraphs: The finals featured Ken Jennings against Brad Rutter and Roger Craig. At the time, Jennings was the biggest money winner on a game show. However, Rutter won the two-day final and the $1,000,000 top prize, reclaiming the game show record.


title: John R. Broxson

paragraphs: John Ray Broxson (June 10, 1932 – December 9, 2019) was an American politician. He was a member of the Democratic Party. He was born in Holley, Florida. Broxson was a member of the Florida Senate from 1967 through 1971. He was also the Santa Rosa County sheriff.

paragraphs: Broxson died on December 9, 2019 in Milton, Florida at the age of 87.


title: Holley, Florida

paragraphs: Holley is an unincorporated community and census-designated place in Santa Rosa County, Florida, United States. Its population was 1,630 as of the 2010 census.


title: Imre Varga

paragraphs: Imre Varga (1 November 1923 – 9 December 2019) was a Hungarian sculptor, painter, designer and graphic artist. He was thought of as one of Hungary's most important living artists,

paragraphs: and he has been called one of the "most skilled sculptors in Hungary." He was born in Siófok, Hungary. His best known works were the Statue of Raoul Wallenberg in Tel Aviv and the Holocaust memorial at the Dohány Street Synagogue in Budapest.

paragraphs: Varga died in Budapest on 9 December 2019 at the age of 96.


title: Philip McKeon

paragraphs: Philip Anthony McKeon (November 11, 1964 – December 10, 2019) was an American actor. He was known for playing the role of Tommy Hyatt on the sitcom "Alice" from 1976 to 1985.

paragraphs: McKeon died in Wimberley, Texas on December 10, 2019 after a long-illness, aged 55.


title: Westbury, New York

paragraphs: Westbury is a village in Nassau County, New York, United States. The population was 15,146 at the 2010 census.


title: Polly Holliday

paragraphs: Polly Dean Holliday (born July 2, 1937) is an American actress. She is best known for her role as the sassy waitress Florence Jean "Flo" Castleberry on the 1970s sitcom "Alice", which she replayed in its short-lived spin-off, "Flo". She was born in Jasper, Alabama.

paragraphs: In 1978 and 1979, Holliday won two Golden Globe Awards. In 1984, she won a Saturn Award.


title: Alice (TV series)

paragraphs: Alice is an American sitcom television series that aired on CBS from August 31, 1976, to March 19, 1985. The series is based on the 1974 movie "Alice Doesn't Live Here Anymore".

paragraphs: The show stars Linda Lavin in the main role, a widow who moves with her young son to start life over again, and finds a job working at a roadside diner in Phoenix, Arizona. The series also stars Vic Tayback, Beth Howland, Philip McKeon, Polly Holliday, Diane Ladd, Celia Weston and Charles Levin with Marvin Kaplan.

paragraphs: In 1979, the show won the Golden Globe Award for Best Television Series – Musical or Comedy.


title: Jim Smith (footballer, born 1940)

paragraphs: James Michael Smith (17 October 1940 – 10 December 2019) was an English footballer and manager.

paragraphs: As a player, he made 249 appearances in the Fourth Division of The Football League, representing Aldershot, Halifax Town, Lincoln City and Colchester United, and played for three-and-a-half years for Boston United of the Northern Premier League.

paragraphs: He began a long managerial career with Boston United, and went on to take charge of clubs in all divisions of the Football League and in the Conference National.

paragraphs: Smith died on 10 December 2019 at the age of 79.


title: Public law

paragraphs: Public law is a branch of law about the relations of individuals with the government and the organization and conduct of the government itself.

paragraphs: a. Constitutional law: basic law of the state.

paragraphs: b. Administrative law: fixes the powers and duties of the state.

paragraphs: c. Criminal law: the state says what penalties there are for crimes committed by individuals or businesses.


title: Boston United F.C.

paragraphs: Boston United Football Club is an English football club based in Boston, Lincolnshire. The club participates in the National League North, the sixth tier of English football.

paragraphs: Boston's neighbours include Lincoln City, Scunthorpe United and Grimsby Town.

paragraphs: Boston United were members of the Football League from 2002 until 2007.


title: Bérénice Marlohe

paragraphs: Bérénice Lim Marlohe (born 19 May 1979) is a French actress. She played Bond girl Sévérine in the twenty-third "James Bond" movie "Skyfall". She was born in Paris.


title: Alison Cronin

paragraphs: Alison Lorraine Cronin, MBE (born September 1966) is the director of Monkey World in Dorset, England, a place of refuge for primates that have been treated badly and not taken care of properly, from the United States. She is widely accepted to be an international expert in rescuing and rehabilitating such primates, and enforcing international treaties aimed at protecting them from illegal trade and experimentation.

paragraphs: Alison Cronin and her husband got an MBE in 2006 for Services to Animal Welfare, as well as starting the Endangered Asian Species Trust.

paragraphs: Alison Cronin was born in September 1966 as Alison Lorraine Ames in San Diego, California. She studied biological anthropology at Cambridge University. She met Jim Cronin at Monkey World in 1993 while she was living in the UK. They married in 1996. They were joint directors of Monkey World. After her husband died, Cronin continued running the site and working against the illegal transportation of animals.

paragraphs: Alison Cronin became known through the television series "Monkey Business", which was made by Meridian Broadcasting and shown on ITV Meridian in the UK and on Animal Planet worldwide, which has recorded the frequent rescue missions and undercover investigations all around Europe and Asia. The show began in 1998 with "Monkey Business", which was then replaced with "Monkey Life" in 2007. It covers the low and high-profile rescues, one of the most dramatic being in January 2008 when Cronin led a huge rescue of 88 Capuchin monkeys from Chile.

paragraphs: In 2008, Alison Cronin led the creation of the Dao Tien Endangered Primate Rescue Centre located in Cát Tiên National Park, Southern Vietnam which is a rescue, rehabilitation, and release centre focusing on golden-cheeked gibbons, black-shanked douc langurs, silvered langurs, and pygmy loris. Alison Cronin has written on primates as well as fought to get legislation changed to protect the primates.

paragraphs: In 2018, Cronin was awarded an honorary degree from Oxford Brookes University for her work.


title: Zozibini Tunzi

paragraphs: Zozibini Tunzi (born 18 September 1993) is a South African model and beauty pageant titleholder. She was crowned Miss Universe 2019. Tunzi had been crowned Miss South Africa 2019. She is the third woman from South Africa to win the title, and the first black woman since Leila Lopes was crowned Miss Universe 2011.


title: Percival Lowell

paragraphs: Percival Lawrence Lowell (; March 13, 1855 – November 12, 1916) was an American businessman, author, mathematician, and astronomer. He founded the Lowell Observatory in Flagstaff, Arizona. He started the effort that led to the discovery of Pluto 14 years after his death.

paragraphs: His reputation was damaged by his belief in canals on Mars. This idea was counter-attacked by Alfred Russel Wallace.


title: Jim Cronin (zookeeper)

paragraphs: James Michael Cronin, MBE (15 November 1951 – 17 March 2007) was the co-founder of Monkey World, a place of refuge for primates that have been treated badly and not taken care of properly, in Dorset, England, in 1987, from the United States. He was widely acknowledged as an international expert in the rescue and rehabilitation of abused primates, and in the enforcement of international treaties aimed at protecting them from illegal trade and experimentation.

paragraphs: Jim Cronin got an honorary MBE from Queen Elizabeth II in 2006 for services to animal welfare.

paragraphs: Jim Cronin was born in Yonkers, New York, to Italian-Irish parents. He was the son of a union official. He was educated at St Denis School and Lincoln High School. He had a number of jobs after leaving school before becoming a keeper at Bronx Zoo in the 1970s. While he was working there, he realised he wanted to work with animals. He moved to Kent in the UK to work in John Aspinall's zoo in 1980.

paragraphs: Jim Cronin started working with primates by working as a zoo keeper in various zoos. He came to the UK, where he got a job as a zoo keeper at John Aspinall's zoo at Howletts, where he perfected his skills of primate rehabilitation and care, in 1980. John Aspinall had set up a breeding programme for gorillas which were an endangered species. Jim Cronin's passion for working with primates made him quite successful in his career and encouraged him to wish to eventually build a safe haven for primates that were treated badly. During his years working at John Aspinall's Zoo, he gave himself the necessary experience of dealing with apes on a daily basis in his career path of working with them as well as small monkeys and their complex life needs.

paragraphs: The biggest rescue the centre undertook was that of the 19 retired stump-tailed macaques from a medical research laboratory in the UK; but the rescue mission in 2008, of the 88 capuchin monkeys from a medical research laboratory in Chile, took the record of the largest rescue of primates in the world.

paragraphs: In 2006, Cronin was awarded an MBE by Queen Elizabeth II for services to animal welfare he was accompanied by Robert Pitts. Cronin has also received the Jane Goodall Award.

paragraphs: The television series "Monkey Business" (made by Meridian Broadcasting and shown on ITV Meridian in the UK and on Animal Planet worldwide) has documented the Cronin's frequent rescue missions and undercover investigations throughout Europe and Asia for the past 10 years. Beginning in 2007, "Monkey Business" was replaced with "Monkey Life", which also documents the goings-on within Monkey World.

paragraphs: Following a brief battle with liver cancer, Cronin died on 17 March 2007 at the Cabrini Medical Center, Manhattan, New York. He was survived by his daughter Eleanor, from his first marriage, and his wife Alison Cronin. Since his death, Monkey World has been run by Alison and his close friend Jeremy Keeling.

paragraphs: The Jim Cronin Memorial Fund for Primate Welfare and Conservation was set up for the purpose of continuing Cronin's legacy and for the support of primate conservation and welfare all over the world. It is a UK-registered charity, number 1126939, and is sponsored by Monkey World.


title: Eretmophorus kleinenbergi

paragraphs: Eretmophorus kleinenbergi is a species of morid cod found in the Mediterranean Sea and possibly into the Atlantic Ocean. This species grows to in length. It is the only known member of its genus.


title: Rose Cousins

paragraphs: Rosanne Millicent Cousins (born April 21, 1977) is a Canadian folk and pop music singer-songwriter. She was born in Prince Edward Island. She had two extended play records. In 2006, she released her first full-length studio album "If You Were for Me". Cousins was nominated for the best solo artist at the Canadian Folk Music Awards. She was a winner of the 2007 Mountain Stage Newsong Contest. Next, she won the best folk recording in the Nova Scotia Music Awards and PEI Music Awards. Then she won Female Recording of the Year at the East Coast Music Awards in 2008.

paragraphs: Cousins followed her first studio album with "The Send Off" in 2009. For this, she was named contemporary singer at the Canadian Folk Music Awards in 2010. She released "We Have Made a Spark" in 2012. She won a Juno Award in 2013. Her next album, "Bravada", has a February 2020 release date.


title: Danielius Dolskis

paragraphs: Danielius Dolskis (April 13, 1891 – December 3, 1931) was a Lithuanian singer in the Russian Empire.

paragraphs: Danielius Dolskis sang in Saint Petersburg until 1917. He also sang in Moscow, Odessa, and Kiev. After the October Revolution, he moved to Riga, Latvia. In 1929, Danielius Dolskis moved to Kaunas, Lithuania, where he sang in restaurants.

paragraphs: Danielius Dolskis got pneumonia in 1931 after a performance. He died several days later.


title: International Mountain Day

paragraphs: International Mountain Day is a day to show the need for sustainable use of mountains. It is held on 11 December of every year.

paragraphs: The day was set up by the United Nations in 1992. It was then celebrated for the first time in 2003.


title: Jay Bruce

paragraphs: Jay Allen Bruce (born April 3, 1987) is an American professional baseball corner outfielder for the Philadelphia Phillies of Major League Baseball (MLB). He previously played for the Cincinnati Reds, New York Mets, Cleveland Indians, and Seattle Mariners. The Reds drafted Bruce in the first round, 12th overall pick, of the 2005 Major League Baseball draft; he made his MLB debut in 2008. Bruce has been named an All-Star three times during his career, and has won the Silver Slugger Award twice.


title: Daisuke Matsuzaka

paragraphs: Matsuzaka was selected the MVP of the inaugural and the second World Baseball Classic, and is an Olympic bronze medalist.

paragraphs: He is the first player to have won both a World Series and a World Baseball Classic.


title: The Caine Mutiny

paragraphs: The Caine Mutiny is a 1951 Pulitzer Prize winning war novel by American Jewish author Herman Wouk.

paragraphs: In 1953, Herman Wouk wrote a play called "The Caine Mutiny Court Martial" based on the trial from the book and in which Henry Fonda played Greenwald. In 1954, there was a movie based on the book, in which Humphrey Bogart played Queeg.

paragraphs: Willis Seward Keith has graduated Princeton University studying literature. Willie’s mother wants him to continue his studies and get a masters degree. Willie plays piano and wants to go into show business. As a result, Willie meets and starts dating a singer whose stage name is May Wynn. Then the Japanese bomb Pearl Harbor and Willie is afraid he’ll have to be sent to the army. So that that doesn’t happen, Willie joins the Navy. Willie is assigned to a ship called the USS Caine. He hates the captain for being too laidback and easygoing and sarcastic and not caring about how things look. The captain is then replaced by a new captain named Queeg. Queeg is mean, gets very angry is almost paranoid and always wants everything to be done his way. Queeg makes everyone on the Caine miserable. Tom Keefer, who is trying to write a novel about how horrible the navy is can’t get any work on his book done so he tries to convince Steve Maryk, who is Queeg’s second in command, that Queeg is insane and cannot command a ship in a time of war. Maryk doesn’t want to believe Keefer but then the ship ends up in the middle of a typhoon. Since there is no written rule about how to get out of a typhoon, Queeg tries to get out by following the rule to avoid getting into a typhoon. Since it doesn’t seem to be working Maryk decides Queeg is insane and takes over as captain with Willie’s help. Queeg has them put on trial for mutiny as soon as they get back to the United States. A Jewish lawyer named Lieutenant Barney Greenwald agrees to defend them because no one else will. When the trial begins, Willie realizes that the reason he helped Maryk wasn’t because he thought Queeg was crazy but because he hated Queeg. He still admits to what he’s done in the trial. Keefer, on the other hand, lies to the jury and says he knew nothing about the mutiny until after it happened. Greenwald still wins the trial by getting Queeg to get angry and act like he is completely crazy. Greenwald then goes to Maryk, Keefer, and Willie and tells them that they are guilty and that if there were anyone else willing to defend them he would have been the one to prosecute them. Greenwald says Queeg was actually a hero because while Willie was at Princeton and Keefer was writing his books and Greenwald was defending the Cherokee, Queeg was risking his own life to protect the country so that Greenwald’s mother didn’t get melted down into a bar of soap by the Nazis. Greenwald calls Keefer a coward for having convinced Maryk to mutiny and then betrayed Maryk during the trial. Greenwald then throws wine at Keefer’s face and says he’ll be waiting in the lobby if Keefer wants revenge and that since they are both drunk it will be a fair fight. Maryk is fired from the Navy and Keefer becomes captain. A Japanese kamikaze crashes his plane into the ship, so Keefer jumps and abandons the crew to save his own life. Willie stays on board and actually risks his own life to save everyone else and actually manages to do that. Willie then starts thinking about what is important and decides that he should marry May Wynn and have kids with her. When he comes back to America, she is using her real name and working for a soon to be divorced man who wants to have sex with her though they have not yet since she is not going to have sex with someone to whom she is not married. Willie then meets the man and he realizes that he reminds him of Keefer. Willie then knows that he can and will win her back.


paragraphs: The National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), is part of the United States National Institutes of Health. It has a database where scientists can put information for other people to read and use, especially information about molecules and the way they affect and create living things.

paragraphs: According to its own website, NCBI's goal is to make it easier for people to invent new technology that can be used to study molecules and genes. It also sets up meetings for scientists to talk to each other, trains new scientists, develops computer-based ways of studying information, and conducts scientific research on its own.

paragraphs: In 1988, United States Senator Claude Pepper proposed the law that would create NCBI, and the rest of the United States Congress passed it.


title: Ultar Sar

paragraphs: Ultar Sar is a mountain in the Karakoram range, in Pakistan. It is also known as Ultar Peak, Ultar II, Bojohagur Duanasir II, and simply as Ultar. Ultar Sar is part of the Batura Muztagh subrange. It is the 69th highest mountain in the world.

paragraphs: The first people to reach the top were Akito Yamazaki and Kiyoshi Matsuoka, in 1996. It is a very difficult and dangerous climb.


title: Floor leader

paragraphs: A floor Leader, also known as a caucus leader, is a leader of their political party in a body of a legislature. They are also called Leaders of the House.


title: Dip net

paragraphs: Dip netting is a way to wade through the water and catch fish with a net. This activity is a highlight for Alaskan residents for a chance to camp along the shore and catch enough fish for the entire year.

paragraphs: Fishing nets are one of the oldest fishing gear used. They are made with all kinds of fabric like nylon, cotton, grass, flax, and tree fibers. Fish nets date back to 8500 BC in . Native Americans made their nets on the Columbia River from grass, cedar, and spruce root fibers. Dip netting started in 1989 in the Copper River, but the Alaskan board finally made it official for residents in the Spring of 1996.

paragraphs: Hooligan, king salmon, red salmon, pink salmon, silver salmon, and flounder are fish that are mostly caught while netting. Hooligan, a Chinookan name, is also known to be called a candlefish. This is an important species to eagles, gulls, and bear. This fish is found in the Pacific Northwest of Alaska. The best way to catch them is to dip net them. There is no bag unit limit when catching these fish. Only a valid fishing license will needed and be an official Alaskan resident. Hundreds and thousands of hooligan spawn every year in rivers. Salmon are usually born in freshwater, but slowly swim to the saltwater. They lay their eggs on the gravel and the eggs hatch after a month. These little fish are called fry because they look like long little fries when they swim in water. After they hatch, they swim to saltwater and live up to four to six years then they come back to the river, usually not the same river as they were spawned, but in a river that’s not running fast. This is because hooligans are not strong swimmers.

paragraphs: King Salmon, a Chinookan salmon, is a king of all fish species because of how aggressive and large it is. It is 30-40 inches long. They are found in the Southeast of Alaska into Prince William Sound out in the Bristol Bay area. This species is highly fished because they are rich in omega-3 fatty acids which makes a good dinner. Then again they are aggressive because they are strong sport fish.

paragraphs: Sockeye salmon, also named a red salmon, are the most popular among the salmon species because of their bright orange flesh. They are found in the Northern Pacific ocean and rivers. They can grow up to 33 inches long and weigh 4 to 15 pounds. They live to 3-7 years and are eaten by Marine mammals and bears.

paragraphs: Pink Salmon, known as humpy fish are found in Southeast of Alaska into Prince William Sound. Males are easily identified by their large hump on their back while females have a slimmer appearance. This area is home to seabirds that feed on them as well as bears, wolves, otters, and bald eagles. Saltwater pinks are smaller than freshwater and have softer flesh. Regular freshwater are 20-25 inches in length. They run with other fish like kings and silvers. These are especially easy to catch because they're easier to trick with the correct angler method.

paragraphs: Silver salmon, deep bodied North Pacific salmon with black spots, are found in the Northern Atlantic and Pacific ocean. They grow up to be 30 inches in length and live up to 2-4 years.

paragraphs: There are two types of of basic dip netting: stationary and sweeping. There are two stationary techniques. Kick netting is placing a net at the bottom of the river where all of the rocks are and kicking to to get fish. Just be warned that nets are easily damaged this way. The last technique is body rushing which is using a body to catch fish. When a school of fish rush in the water, swing the body from side to side. This should scare the fish and they should get caught in the net. There are three types of sweeping. Sight dipping seeing fish in the water and trying to catch the fish. Scooping is digging between rocks blindly into bushes of weeds or large bushes. The last technique is dredging. The net rubs against the bottom of the river picking up mud, weeds and other debris that can trap fish.


title: David Bellamy

paragraphs: David James Bellamy (18 January 1933 – 11 December 2019) was an English author, broadcaster, environmental campaigner and botanist.

paragraphs: Bellamy wrote, appeared in or presented hundreds of television programmes on botany, ecology, environmentalism and other issues. His television series included "Bellamy on Botany", "Bellamy's Britain", "Bellamy's Europe" and "Bellamy's Backyard Safari".

paragraphs: Bellamy died on the morning of 11 December 2019 in Durham, aged 86.


title: Veijo Puhjo

paragraphs: Veijo Olavi Puhjo (26 June 1948 – 9 December 2019) was a Finnish politician. He was a member of Finnish Parliament, representing the Left Alliance. He was elected in 1995 and retired in 2001. He was born in Loimaa, Finland. Puhjo was born in Loimaa, Finland.

paragraphs: Puhjo died on 9 December 2019 in Pori, Finland at the age of 71.<ref>


title: Sherman Howard (American football)

paragraphs: Sherman John Howard (November 28, 1924 – December 5, 2019) was an professional American football player. He played professionally as a halfback for four seasons in the National Football League (NFL) with the New York Yanks and Cleveland Browns. He was born in New Orleans, Louisiana.

paragraphs: Howard died in Chicago on December 5, 2019 at the age of 95.


title: Henry Ward Beecher

paragraphs: Henry Ward Beecher (June 24, 1813 – March 8, 1887) was an American clergyman, social reformer, and speaker. He was known for his work to end slavery.


title: Urethral sphincters

paragraphs: In mammals, the Urethal sphincters are two muscles that control the exit of urine from the bladder through the uretha. If either of them contracts, the uretha is sealed shut. In male mammals, one of the muscles is placed around the uretha. In female mammals, it is placed on the side of the vagina. In male mammals, the muscles are also used to transport the sperm, when an erection happens.


title: Chipko Movement

paragraphs: The Chipko movement was a group action in India with the goal of saving trees. This is mainly done through the act of hugging trees to protect them from being cut. It was also known as Chipko Andolan. Those who were part of it used nonviolent protests. The Chipko movement began in the early 1970s in Uttarakhand. It then spread to Uttar Pradesh. By the 1980s it had spread across most of India.

paragraphs: The Chipko movement lead to a change in policies to stop the clear cutting of trees in some regions. (Clear cutting is a type of logging where all trees in an area are cut down).

paragraphs: Chipko movement was stared by sunderlal Bahugana.


title: Gollapudi Maruti Rao

paragraphs: Gollapudi Maruti Rao (14 April 1939 – 12 December 2019) was an Indian actor and screenwriter. He was born in Vizianagaram, British India (present day Andhra Pradesh). He was known for his roles in "Samsaram Oka Chadarangam", "Yamudiki Mogudu" and "Aditya 369". He also wrote many plays such as: "Rendu Rellu Aaru", "Patita", "Karuninchani Devatalu", "Mahanatudu", "Kaalam Venakku Tirigindi" and in Aasayaalaku Sankellu".

paragraphs: Rao died at a private hospital in Chennai, India on 12 December 2019 from an illness, aged 80.


title: Momhil Sar

paragraphs: Momhil Sar is a mountain in the Karakoram range, in Pakistan. Momhil Sar is part of the Hispar Muztagh subrange. It is the 63rd highest mountain in the world.

paragraphs: The first people to reach the top were Hans Schell and his expedition, in 1965.


title: Atlantic cod

paragraphs: Atlantic cod is a species of cod which occurs in the northern part of the Atlantic Ocean. The younger fish live near the surface of the ocean, the older ones near the sea floor. Atlantic cod is one of the species of cod that has been consumed by humans. The atlantic cod feeds on other, smaller fish (for example herring), as well as molluscs.


title: Gowling WLG

paragraphs: Gowling WLG is a multinational law firm. It was formed by the merger of Canada-based Gowlings and UK-based Wragge Lawrence Graham & Co in February 2016. This was the first multinational law firm merger between British and Canadian firms. As of 2020, it is 16th on The Lawyer UK 200 list of best law firms.

paragraphs: Gowling WLG International Limited is an English company limited by guarantee. The two limited liability partnerships of Gowling WLG (Canada) LLP and Gowling WLG (UK) LLP are members of it. The two partnerships provide legal services. They are financially separate.

paragraphs: This is a fairly loose association, where each "partner" does the legal work for its own country. Therefore regulators in each country know who is responsible for any particular case.

paragraphs: The firm has 19 offices in Canada, the UK, continental Europe, the Middle East, China and Singapore. Gowling WLG plans to grow in Germany and East Asia in the near future.


title: Mortal Engines Quartet

paragraphs: The Mortal Engines Quartet is a fantasy novel series by British author, Philip Reeve.

paragraphs: A prequel series, Fever Crumb, set 600 years before the events of the Quartet, was published between 2009 and 2011. In March 2020 Reeve said "too much time has passed since I wrote the other books, it’s hard to go back to that world" and that he did not intend to publish further books in the series.


title: Icicle

paragraphs: Icicles are formed on days when the outdoor air temperature is sub freezing and heat from sunlight melts snow or ice on anything sloped. The droplets of water freeze as they loses their heat to the cold air, forming a cone-like shape of ice.

paragraphs: Once water starts dripping, it begins to freeze into a certain side. It will melt and freeze over and begin to create icicles. As winter gets longer and temperatures stay in the freezing and sunlight is present, water will just melt and drip alongside the icicle causing them to get longer and sharper. The reason why icicles are pointy is because the water drips in a downward motion. Icicles can range from millimeters to feet in length.

paragraphs: Once temperatures reach 32 degrees Fahrenheit (0 degrees Celsius), snow starts to fall. Snow will begin to build on top of each snowflake and sit on whatever surface is present. Snow is white in color and can be from the width of a single strand or hair to even inches long. Although it must be cold in order for snow to fall, it is not frozen rain, but it is a cluster of many crystals falling from the clouds.

paragraphs: Icicles are beautiful, but they can be very dangerous. Icicles have been reported fatal since the 1700's, from falling on people and causing accidents to property being reported. Icicles can cause damage on many structures such as buildings and homes, once ice forms layers the weight of it can cause the structure to fall or break off. Icicles can also be formed on bridges over streets and highways creating a potential danger for nearby motor vehicles passing by.


title: Rydberg constant

paragraphs: In spectroscopy, the Rydberg constant is a physical constant relating to the electromagnetic spectra of an atom. Its symbol is formula_1 for heavy atoms or formula_2 for hydrogen. The constant is named after the Swedish physicist Johannes Rydberg. The constant first arose as an empirical fitting parameter in the Rydberg formula for the hydrogen spectral series. Niels Bohr later showed that its value could be calculated from more fundamental constants via his Bohr model. , formula_1 and electron spin "g"-factor are the most accurately measured physical constants.

paragraphs: The constant is expressed for either hydrogen as formula_2, or at the limit of infinite nuclear mass as formula_1. In either case, the constant is used to express the limiting value of the highest wavenumber (inverse wavelength) of any photon that can be emitted from an atom, or, alternatively, the wavenumber of the lowest-energy photon capable of ionizing an atom from its ground state. The hydrogen spectral series can be expressed simply in terms of the Rydberg constant for hydrogen formula_2 and the Rydberg formula.

paragraphs: In atomic physics, Rydberg unit of energy, symbol Ry, corresponds to the energy of the photon whose wavenumber is the Rydberg constant, i.e. the ionization energy of the hydrogen atom.


title: Jeopardy! Teachers Tournament

paragraphs: The "Jeopardy!" Teachers Tournament is an annual tournament on the American television game show "Jeopardy!" It features full-time teachers of students in kindergarten through twelfth grade. The tournament debuted during Season 27 (2010-2011) and has been played every season since, always during any of the three ratings sweeps periods (November, February, or May), with the exception of being held from May 25th to June 5th 2020 due to the COVID-19 Outbreak.

paragraphs: The Teachers Tournament follows the same 10-game format as the Tournament of Champions, College Championship, and Teen Tournament. The first five games are the quarterfinals, where all fifteen participants play in groups of three. The winners of the five games advance to the semifinals. The players with the four highest scores among non-winners advance as "wild card" players. The nine semifinalists compete in the next three games. Then the three semifinal winners advance to the the two-day finals, in which cumulative scores from the two games are added to determine the championship (contestants' scores start at $0 in each game).

paragraphs: The person who wins the tournament receives a $100,000 prize. The first runner up gets $50,000; and the second runner up gets $25,000.

paragraphs: In addition to the aforementioned cash prize, the winner also earns an automatic spot in the next Tournament of Champions, although one winner (Larry Martin in 2018) died from Pancreatic cancer before reaching that tournament. So far, two Teachers Tournaments winners have made it to the finals of the Tournament of Champions (Colby Burnett in 2013 and Francois Barcomb in 2019); only Burnett won the event. 2016 winner Jason Sterlacci is only other winner to advance to the semi-finals of the Tournament of Champions. Burnett was also invited back to the Battle of the Decades in 2014 where he advanced to the semifinals, and was team captain in the All-Star games in 2019, where he drafted 2017 Tournament of Champions finalist Alan Lin and November 2000 College Champion Pam Mueller as his team members. His team finished as the second runner-up in the event. 2015 winner Jennifer Giles also competed in the All-Star games, as a member of Team Buzzy Cohen. John Pearson was the alternate in the the All-Star games.

paragraphs: Catherine Whitten and Justin Hoffstetter in February 2012 are the first pair of contestants to marry each other. Their marriage took place in January 24, 2015. Maryanne Lewell and Michael Townes in 2013 are the second pair of contestants to marry each other. Their marriage took place in Canada in August 2017.


title: The Corsair

paragraphs: The Corsair is a book by Lord Byron. It is about the life of a corsair (a person who fights wars at sea) named Conrad.


title: Don Juan (Byron)

paragraphs: Don Juan is a satirical poem by Lord Byron. It is based on the legend of Don Juan, who was said to be able to seduce many women. The poem is a satire because in the poem it is Don Juan who is seduced by women.


title: Pineville, Louisiana

paragraphs: Pineville is a suburb of Alexandria. It is in Rapides Parish, Louisiana.


title: Abstraction (art)

paragraphs: Abstraction in art history is when art depicts something without caring what it actually looks like.


title: Brian Muller

paragraphs: Brian Leo "Jazz" Muller (11 June 1942 – 12 December 2019) was a New Zealand rugby union player. He played as a prop. He played for Taranaki at a provincial level from 1963 to 1972. He was a member of the New Zealand national side, the All Blacks, from 1967 to 1971. He played 35 matches for the All Blacks, including 14 internationals.

paragraphs: Muller was born in Eltham. He died on 12 December 2019 at the age of 77.


title: Łęczna

paragraphs: Łęczna is a town in eastern Poland with 19,780 people (2014), located in Lublin Voivodeship. It is the capital of Łęczna County and the smaller administrative district of Gmina Łęczna. The town is in northeastern corner of historic province of Lesser Poland. On 31 December 2010, the population of the town was 20,706.

paragraphs: Łęczna tops among the hills of the Lublin Upland, at the confluence of two rivers—the Wieprz, and the Świnka.


title: Nosrat Karimi

paragraphs: Nosrat Karimi (, 22 December 1924 – 3 December 2019) was an Iranian actor, director, make-up artist, professor, scriptwriter, and sculptor. His career lasted for sixty years from 1965 through 2019. He was best known for his role as Agha Joon in "My Uncle Napoleon" and "The Carriage Driver". Karimi was born in Tehran.

paragraphs: Karimi died on 3 December 2019 in Tehran at the age of 94.


title: Richard Easton

paragraphs: John Richard Easton (March 22, 1933 – December 2, 2019) was a Canadian actor. He was born in Montreal, Quebec. Easton was best known for his role as Brian Hammond in the 1970s BBC serial "The Brothers". He also had television guest appearances on "Doctor Who", "L.A. Law", "Frasier", and "Ed".

paragraphs: In 2001, he won a Tony Award and a Drama Desk Award for his role in "The Invention of Love". In 2008, Easton was added into the American Theater Hall of Fame.

paragraphs: Easton died on December 2, 2019 of congestive heart failure at his home in Manhattan at the age of 86.


title: Charles Koffi Diby

paragraphs: Charles Koffi Diby (7 September 1957 – 7 December 2019) was an Ivorian politician. He was the Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Ivory Coast from 2012 to 2016. He was born in Bouake, Côte d’Ivoire.

paragraphs: Diby died on 7 December 2019 of problems caused by anorexia at his home in Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire, aged 62.


title: William Luce

paragraphs: William Aubert Luce (October 16, 1931 – December 9, 2019) was an American playwright and television writer. He wrote many plays which starred Julie Harris. His best known play works were "The Belle of Amherst" and "Barrymore". He also wrote the television screenplay of "The Last Days of Patton". Luce was born in Portland, Oregon.

paragraphs: Luce died of Alzheimer's disease-related problems at his home in Green Valley, Arizona on December 9, 2019 at the age of 88.


title: Green Valley, Arizona

paragraphs: Green Valley is a census-designated place (CDP) in Pima County, Arizona, United States. The population was 23,765 at the 2010 census.


title: Ashland, Oregon

paragraphs: Ashland is a city in Jackson County, Oregon, United States. The city's population was 20,078 at the 2010 census.


title: Yang di-Pertuan Negara

paragraphs: Yang di-Pertuan Negara or simply Yang di-Pertuan is the name of the head of state of Singapore, Brunei and Malaysia.


title: 2020 Labour Party leadership election

paragraphs: The 2020 Labour Party leadership election was held between 21 February – 4 April 2020 to elect a leader to replace Jeremy Corbyn. On 13 December 2019, Corbyn announced that he would not lead the Labour Party into the next general election, following the party's poor performance in the December 2019 election.

paragraphs: It was won by Keir Starmer who received 56.2 per cent of the vote on the first round. It was held alongside the 2020 Labour Party deputy leadership election.

paragraphs: Jeremy Corbyn was elected Labour Party leader in a 2015 leadership election and re-elected leader in 2016 after a challenge from Owen Smith. While Labour gained seats in the 2017 general election, the party lost 60 seats in the 2019 election, its worst result since the 1935 general election. Corbyn announced that he would resign after a "process of reflection".

paragraphs: The timetable for the election was set by the party's National Executive Committee on 6 January 2020.

paragraphs: The following individuals have been nominated as official candidates by the party:

paragraphs: The following individuals were discussed in the media as potential leadership candidates, but chose not to stand:

paragraphs: Candidates first need to be nominated by at least 10% (twenty-two) of current Labour MPs and MEPs, who make up the Parliamentary Labour Party (PLP) and the European Parliamentary Labour Party (EPLP).

paragraphs: The candidates who have passed this threshold need nominations from at least 5% (thirty-three) CLPs, or at least three affiliates including at least two trades unions that together represent at least 5% of affiliated members.

paragraphs: The table below shows the current number of nominations achieved by each candidate.


title: 2016 Labour Party leadership election (UK)

paragraphs: The 2016 Labour Party leadership election was called when a challenge to Jeremy Corbyn as Leader of the Labour Party arose following criticism of his approach to the Remain campaign in the referendum on membership of the European Union and questions about his leadership of the party.

paragraphs: The result was announced on 24 September 2016. Jeremy Corbyn won the election with 313,209 votes, increasing his share of the vote from 59.5% to 61.8% compared with the result of the 2015 leadership election, and receiving some 62,000 more votes than in 2015.


title: Maxwell Lord

paragraphs: Maxwell Lord IV is a fictional character appearing in comic books published by DC Comics. The character first appeared in "Justice League" #1 (May 1987) and was created by Keith Giffen, J. M. DeMatteis, and Kevin Maguire. He is a powerful businessman. Maxwell Lord was important in the formation of the Justice League International in the DC Universe. He is mainly seen as a villain to Wonder Woman.

paragraphs: Maxwell Lord appeared in an episode of "Smallville" played by Gil Bellows. He was also in the first season of the television series "Supergirl" played by Peter Facinelli. The character will make his movie debut in "Wonder Woman 1984", played by Pedro Pascal.


title: 2019 Samoa measles outbreak

paragraphs: The 2019 Samoa measles outbreak began in September 2019. As of December 13, there were 5,080 confirmed cases of measles and 72 deaths, out of a Samoan population of 201,316. There have also been 10 reported cases in Fiji.. It is expected that 70 people will die and up to 6,500 people will be infected.

paragraphs: A state of emergency was declared on November 17, ordering the closure of all schools, keeping children under 17 away from public events, and making vaccination mandatory.

paragraphs: On December 2, 2019, the government imposed a curfew and cancelled all Christmas celebrations and public gatherings. All unvaccinated families have been ordered to display a red flag or red cloth in front of their homes to warn others. On December 5th and 6th, the government shut down everything other than public utilities to move all civil servants over to the vaccination campaign.


title: Paul Schoeffler

paragraphs: Paul Schoeffler (born November 21, 1967) is a Irish stage, film, television and voice actor.


title: Open Mind Productions

paragraphs: Open Mind Productions is a British television production company that was founded in 1989 by Roland Tongue and Chris Ellis. Tongue, who left the company at the end of 2011, was previously a film editor at the BBC, while Ellis was previously a teacher and script writer at Children's BBC.

paragraphs: The company has made programmes for children and educational TV, such as The Number Crew, Rat-A-Tat-Tat and Maths Mansion for Channel 4 and Numberjacks, and The Shiny Show for the BBC.


title: Giza Plateau

paragraphs: Giza Plateau is an ancient plateau in Giza. It has many ancient mysteries about it, and archeologists are still trying find its mystery. The plateau is the site of one of the most impressive ancient monuments around the world, the Pyramids of Giza. It also holds some of the most astonishing monuments in Egyptian history.The Giza Plateau is also home to many other ancient Egyptian monuments,including the tomb of Pharaoh Djet of the First Dynasty as well as that of Pharaoh Ninetjer of the Second Dynasty.The Giza Plataeu has astonished tourists and travellers over the years.


title: Hemberg

paragraphs: Hemberg is a municipality in Toggenburg in the canton of St. Gallen in Switzerland.


title: Kirchberg, St. Gallen

paragraphs: Kirchberg is a municipality in Toggenburg in the canton of St. Gallen in Switzerland.

paragraphs: Kirchberg is the most north-western municipality in the "Wahlkreis" and in bordered in the west by canton Thurgau and in the east by the Thur river. It has of the village of Kirchberg on a high plateau in the center of the municipality, the village of Gähwil south of Kirchberg and the village of Bazenheid on a terrace above the Thur.

paragraphs: Bäbikon, Bazenheid, Bräägg, Bruberg, Dietschwil, Gähwil, Husen, Lamperswil, Müetligen, Müselbach, Nuetenwil, St. Iddaburg, Stelz, Oberbazenheid, Oetwil, Rupperswil, Schalkhusen, Underbazenheid and Under.


title: Sennwald

paragraphs: Sennwald is a municipality in Werdenberg in the canton of St. Gallen in Switzerland.


title: Neckertal

paragraphs: Neckertal is a municipality in Toggenburg in the canton of St. Gallen in Switzerland. It was created on January 1, 2009, when Brunnadern, St. Peterzell, and Mogelsberg joined together to become Neckertal.


title: St. Peterzell

paragraphs: St. Peterzell was a municipality in Toggenburg in the canton of St. Gallen in Switzerland. It was an independent municipality until 1 January 2009, when it joined together with Brunnadern and Mogelsberg to become the municipality called Neckertal.


title: Lichtensteig

paragraphs: Lichtensteig is a municipality in Toggenburg in the canton of St. Gallen in Switzerland.


title: Wildhaus-Alt St. Johann

paragraphs: Wildhaus-Alt St. Johann is a municipality in Toggenburg in the canton of St. Gallen in Switzerland. It was created on 1 January 2010 when Alt St. Johann and Wildhaus joined together to become one new municipality.


title: Stein, St. Gallen

paragraphs: Stein was a municipality in Toggenburg in the canton of St. Gallen in Switzerland. On 1 January 2013 the municipalities Nesslau-Krummenau and Stein joined together to become the new municipality called Nesslau.


title: Bütschwil

paragraphs: Bütschwil was a municipality in Toggenburg in the canton of St. Gallen in Switzerland. On 1 January 2013 the municipalities Bütschwil and Ganterschwil joined together to become the new municipality called Bütschwil-Ganterschwil.


title: Brunnadern

paragraphs: Brunnadern was a municipality in Toggenburg in the canton of St. Gallen in Switzerland. It was an independent municipality until 1 January 2009, when it joined together with Mogelsberg and St. Peterzell to become the municipality called Neckertal.


title: Ottawa County, Michigan

paragraphs: Ottawa County is a small county in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2010 census, 263,801 people live here. The county seat is Grand Haven.

paragraphs: It's four most populous cities are Grand Haven, Holland, Jenison and Hudsonville. The county was created in 1837, and its quite small.


title: FrogWatch

paragraphs: FrogWatch is a name shared by citizen science programs that do the same thing. In a FrogWatch, people make recordings of frogs and other amphibians that live near them and send the recordings to databases for scientists and other people to hear and study.

paragraphs: Not all FrogWatch programs are run by the same people. The Association of Zoos and Aquariums runs FrogWatch USA, Nature Canada runs FrogWatch Canada, the India Biodiversity Portal runs the FrogWatch in India, and other organizations run FrogWatches in other countries.

paragraphs: In citizen science, scientists ask ordinary people to help with scientific research or other work. Citizen science is one kind of crowdsourcing.

paragraphs: The National Geographic Society developed the program that FrogWatch USA volunteers use to add information and that FrogWatch uses to study it. Volunteers record temperature with thermometers and listen for sounds made by specific types of frogs and toads. FrogWatch USA volunteers listen to and record frog habitats for three and a half minutes, starting one half-hour (30 minutes) after the sun goes down.

paragraphs: Scientists have used FrogWatch to study the way frogs and toads change the places they live, which types of frogs are becoming more numerous and which are becoming less numerous, how many different kinds of frogs live in one place, the way they react to changes in how hot or cold it is, and the way they act during different parts of the year.

paragraphs: The United States Geological Survey started FrogWatch USA in 1998, but the National Wildlife Federation took over in 2002.

paragraphs: Between 1998 and 2005, 1,395 people working with FrogWatch USA visited 1,942 places where frogs live and gave information to FrogWatch. They found 79 different kinds of frogs and toads. This does not count visits, places, or species for FrogWatch Canada or FrogWatches in other countries.

paragraphs: FrogWatch NT works in northern Australia. It started in 1991 after cane toads came to Australia and caused problems there.


title: Conway Springs, Kansas

paragraphs: Conway Springs is a city in Sumner County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2010 census, 1,272 people lived there.

paragraphs: Conway Springs was founded in 1884. Its name is derived from both Conway Township and a mineral spring nearby.

paragraphs: Captain Hiram Cranmer built the first home in Conway Springs.

paragraphs: According to the United States Census Bureau says that the city has a total area of . All of it is land.

paragraphs: Conway Springs has hot, humid summers and generally mild to cool winters. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system says that Conway Springs has a humid subtropical climate, abbreviated "Cfa" on climate maps.

paragraphs: As of the 2010 census says that there were 1,272 people, 450 households, and 313 families living in the city.


title: Ganterschwil

paragraphs: Ganterschwil was a municipality in Toggenburg in the canton of St. Gallen in Switzerland. On 1 January 2013 the municipalities Bütschwil and Ganterschwil joined together to become the new municipality called Bütschwil-Ganterschwil.


title: Hackberry, Texas

paragraphs: Hackberry is a town in the U.S. state of Texas.


title: Lyon County

paragraphs: Lyon County is the name of five counties in the United States:


title: Adam Jones

paragraphs: Adam LaMarque Jones (born August 1, 1985) is an American professional baseball outfielder for the Orix Buffaloes of Nippon Professional Baseball (NPB). He has played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Seattle Mariners, Baltimore Orioles and Arizona Diamondbacks.

paragraphs: The Mariners selected Jones in the first round of the 2003 MLB draft. He came up in the Mariners' minor league system as a shortstop before changing to the outfield. He made his MLB debut with the Mariners in 2006. He was traded to the Orioles before the 2008 season. Jones is a five-time MLB All-Star, a four-time Gold Glove Award winner, and a Silver Slugger winner.


title: Justin Bour

paragraphs: Justin James Bour (born May 28, 1988) is an American professional baseball first baseman who plays for the Hanshin Tigers of Nippon Professional Baseball (NPB). Bour made his MLB debut in 2014. He has played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Miami Marlins, Philadelphia Phillies, and Los Angeles Angels.


title: Jiří Jirmal

paragraphs: Jiří Jirmal (24 April 1925 – 11 December 2019) was a Czech jazz classical guitarist and composer. He was born in Prague. Some of his compositions had elements of Brazilian music. He worked for the musical background for Gene Deitch's 1962 Tom and Jerry cartoon "Tall in the Trap".

paragraphs: Jirmal died in Prague on 11 December 2019 at the age of 94.


title: Peter Snell

paragraphs: Sir Peter George Snell (17 December 1938 – 12 December 2019) was a New Zealand middle-distance runner. He won three Olympic gold medals.

paragraphs: Snell was voted New Zealand's "Sports Champion of the (20th) Century". He was one of 24 inaugural members of the International Association of Athletics Federations Hall Of Fame named in 2012.

paragraphs: Snell died at his home in Dallas, Texas on 12 December 2019 of cardiovascular disease at the age of 80.


title: Ushiomaru Motoyasu

paragraphs: Ushiomaru Motoyasu (born Motoyasu Sano; May 11, 1978 – December 12, 2019) was a Japanese sumo wrestler. He was born in Shizuoka, Japan. He began his professional career in 1994 and first reached the top division in 2002. His highest rank was "maegashira" 10. He retired in May 2009.

paragraphs: Motoyasu died of blood cancer in Tokyo on December 12, 2019 at the age of 41.


title: PHASE 2

paragraphs: PHASE 2 (born Lonny Wood; August 2, 1955 – December 13, 2019) was an American aerosol artist. He was born in New York City. He was known as member of the Zulu Nation. He was active in the 1970s. Phase 2 was known for creating the "bubble letter" style of graffiti writing. He was also influential in the early hip hop scene.

paragraphs: Phase 2 died on December 13, 2019 in New York City from Lou Gehrig's disease-related problems, aged 64.


title: Mouse Trouble

paragraphs: Mouse Trouble is a "Tom and Jerry" short released in 1944, directed by William Hanna and Joseph Barbera, with music direction by Scott Bradley. It that year it won an Oscar for Best Animated Short Film.


title: Happy Shopper

paragraphs: Happy Shopper is a British wholesaler. The brand was first owned by Nurdin and Peacock. Nurdin and Peacock is brought by Booker Group in November 1996.

paragraphs: The name was also widely used for a convenience store franchise between 1971 and 1998. As of 2013, very few stores still operate as Happy Shopper. Most Happy Shopper stores names were changed to Premier Stores brand during 2000s. Premier store is another brand by Booker Group.

paragraphs: Happy Shopper convenience products are sold to independent convenience stores, discount stores, as well as cash and carry companies. Products include groceries, frozen foods, carbonated drinks, prepackaged/dried foods and confectionery, and are an own brand by Premier.

paragraphs: Happy Shopper's first logo was a smiling face with golden hair. In 2000, that logo was changed to a new design by "Partners In Communication", a design consultant company. The new logo caused some controversy.


title: Anthony, Texas

paragraphs: Anthony is a town in the U.S. state of Texas.


title: Horizon City, Texas

paragraphs: Horizon City is a city in the U.S. state of Texas.


title: Alvin, Texas

paragraphs: Alvin is a city in the U.S. state of Texas.


title: Clarksville City, Texas

paragraphs: Clarksville City is a city in the U.S. state of Texas.


title: Cisco, Texas

paragraphs: Cisco is a city in Eastland County, Texas, United States. The population was 3,899 at the 2010 census.


title: Vega, Texas

paragraphs: Vega is a city in the U.S. state of Texas. It is the county seat of Oldham County.


title: Wattwil

paragraphs: Wattwil is a municipality in Toggenburg in the canton of St. Gallen in Switzerland. On 1 January 2013, Krinau became a part of Wattwil.


title: Maggie and the Ferocious Beast

paragraphs: Maggie and the Ferocious Beast is a 2000 TV series.


title: Nesslau

paragraphs: Nesslau is a municipality in Toggenburg in the canton of St. Gallen in Switzerland. It was created on 1 January 2013, when the municipalities Nesslau-Krummenau and Stein joined together to become the new municipality.


title: Mogelsberg

paragraphs: Mogelsberg was a municipality in Toggenburg in the canton of St. Gallen in Switzerland. It was an independent municipality until 1 January 2009, when it joined together with Brunnadern and St. Peterzell to become the municipality called Neckertal.


title: Nesslau-Krummenau

paragraphs: Nesslau-Krummenau was a municipality in Toggenburg in the canton of St. Gallen in Switzerland.

paragraphs: Nesslau-Krummenau was created on 1 January 2005. On 1 January 2013 the municipalities Nesslau-Krummenau and Stein joined together to become the new municipality called Nesslau.


title: Victor, California

paragraphs: Victor is a census-designated place (CDP) in California in the United States.


title: Victor, Colorado

paragraphs: Victor is a city in Colorado in the United States.


title: Victor, Indiana

paragraphs: Victor is an unincorporated community in the state of Indiana, in the United States.


title: Victor, Montana

paragraphs: Victor is a census-designated place (CDP) in Ravalli County, Montana, United States. The population was 745 at the 2010 census.


title: Victor, New York

paragraphs: Victor is a town in Ontario County, New York, United States. As of the 2010 census, 14,275 people lived in Victor.


title: Victor, South Dakota

paragraphs: Victor is an unincorporated community in Roberts County, in the U.S. state of South Dakota.

paragraphs: Victor was planned out in 1913, and named after Victor Township, in which it is located. A post office called Victor was created in 1913, and remained in operation until 1955.


title: Victor, Utah

paragraphs: Victor (also known as Desert Lake) is a ghost town in Emery County, Utah, United States.


title: Xbox Series X and Series S

paragraphs: The Xbox Series X (also known as Xbox Scarlett, Project Scarlett or simply Scarlett) is a video game console in development announced by Microsoft during E3 2019, which is scheduled to release by the end 2020. It is the successor of the Xbox One.


title: Karvinen

paragraphs: Karvinen is a Finnish surname. Notable people with the surname include:


title: Luray, Kansas

paragraphs: Luray is a city in Russell County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2010 census, the city population was 194.


title: Mertens, Texas

paragraphs: Mertens is a town in the U.S. state of Texas.


title: Gaiserwald

paragraphs: Gaiserwald is a municipality in St. Gallen in the canton of St. Gallen in Switzerland.


title: Six (musical)

paragraphs: Six is a British musical with book, music and lyrics by Toby Marlow and Lucy Moss. The musical about King Henry VIII's six wives. It features the six women singing about their lives with him, and competing to see who had it the worst. In the end, they decide that they should embrace all of their own stories and accomplishments.


title: Bledlow-cum-Saunderton

paragraphs: Bledlow-cum-Saunderton is a civil parish in the Wycombe district of Buckinghamshire, England. The villages of Bledlow, Bledlow Ridge and Saunderton and the hamlets of Crownfield, Forty Green, Holly Green, Pitch Green, Rout's Green, Saunderton Lee and Skittle Green are there. The 2011 census says it had a population of 2,469.


title: Skittle Green

paragraphs: Skittle Green is a hamlet in the civil parish of Bledlow-cum-Saunderton in the county of Buckinghamshire, England.

paragraphs: Skittle Green is northwest to the village of Bledlow, very near the Oxfordshire boundary.


title: Bledlow Ridge

paragraphs: Bledlow Ridge is a village in the civil parish of Bledlow-cum-Saunderton in Buckinghamshire, England. In 2004, 940 people lived there. It is in the Chiltern Hills, about 4 miles SSW of Princes Risborough and on the road between the High Wycombe and Chinnor.

paragraphs: The hamlet was first in the ecclesiastical parish of Bledlow. It became separate in 1868 when the new chapel, dedicated to St Paul, was constructed.

paragraphs: As is common with other similar villages in the Chiltern Hills, properties have become increasingly in demand due to its location and the improvement in rail connections and road connections to London. It has a recently refurbished village shop, "The Country Store" (formerly the "Kedai"), and a local school, Bledlow Ridge School. Bledlow Ridge has a number of clubs, such as 'Bridge', a youth club and a cricket club. As well as the corner shop, there is also an Equestrian Centre, park, tennis courts and a cricket pitch the 'Bledlow Ridge Cricket Club' owns. Yoesden, south of Chinnor Road, is a nature reserve the Berkshire, Buckinghamshire and Oxfordshire Wildlife Trust manages.