title: Jean Arthur

paragraphs: Jean Arthur (October 17, 1900 – June 19, 1991) was an American actress. She was known for her roles in "Mr. Deeds Goes to Town" (1936), "You Can't Take It With You" (1938), and "Mr. Smith Goes to Washington" (1939). She was nominated for an Academy Award in 1944 for her role in "The More the Merrier".

paragraphs: Arthur was born on October 17, 1900 in Plattsburgh, New York. She is of Norwegian-English descent. Arthur was raised in Westbrook, Maine.

paragraphs: She was married to Julian Anker from 1928 until they annulled their marriage in 1928. Then she was married to Frank Ross, Jr. from 1932 until they divorced in 1949. Arthur died on June 19, 1991 in Carmel, California from heart failure, aged 90.


title: Howell Heflin

paragraphs: Howell Thomas Heflin (June 19, 1921 – March 29, 2005) was an American politician. He was a Democratic member of the United States Senate from Tuscumbia, Alabama.

paragraphs: Heflin was born on June 19, 1921 in Poulan, Georgia. He was raised in Tuscumbia, Alabama. Heflin studied at Birmingham-Southern College and at University of Alabama School of Law.

paragraphs: Heflin was married to Elizabeth Ann Heflin until his death in 2005. They had one son. Heflin died on March 29, 2005 in Sheffield, Alabama from a heart attack, aged 83.


title: Ronald Colman

paragraphs: Ronald Charles Colman (9 February 1891 – 19 May 1958) was an English actor. He won an Academy Award for his role in "A Double Life".

paragraphs: Colman was born on 9 February 1891 in Richmond, Surrey, England. He studied at Cambridge University.

paragraphs: Colman was married to Thelma Raye from 1920 until they divorced in 1934. Then he was married to Benita Hume from 1938 until his death in 1958. They had one daughter. Colman died on 19 May 1958 in Santa Barbara, California from emphysema, aged 67.


title: Education in Cuba

paragraphs: Education in Cuba has been a high priority for the government for many years. The University of Havana was founded in 1727. There are also some well-established colleges and universities. For the 1959 revolution, the Castro government nationalized all educational institutions. They created a system operated completely by the government. Their strong ideological content is present. Also the constitution states that educational and cultural policy is based on Marxist ideology.

paragraphs: According to UNESCO, Cuba spends about 10 percent of its budget on education. This is compared with 4 percent in the United Kingdom and 2 percent in the United States.


title: Morganatic marriage

paragraphs: A morganatic marriage is a marriage between a royal person and a non-royal person, where the husband's titles and privileges do not go to the wife or any children they have. There are not many morganatic marriages any more. A morganatic marriage is sometimes called a left-handed marriage because in the wedding ceremony the groom usually held his bride's right hand with his left hand instead of his right.


title: Cheranmadevi

paragraphs: Cheranmahadevi is part of the Tiruchendur Lok Sabha constituency.


title: K. Kamaraj

paragraphs: Kumarasami Kamaraj (குமாரசாமி காமராஜ்), better known as K. Kamaraj (15 July 1903 – 2 October 1975), was an Indian politician from Tamil Nadu. He was an important figure in Indian politics during the 1960s. He was the chief minister of Tamil Nadu


title: Nanguneri

paragraphs: Nanguneri is a panchayat town in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. Nanguneri is located in Tirunelveli district, about from the headquarters of the district. The place became important for its famous Vaishnavite temple, which is commonly known as Totadri Mutt.

paragraphs: Nanguneri has an average elevation of 141 metres (462 feet). As of the census of India, Nanguneri had a population of 6,764. About 49% of the population were men, and 51% were women. Nanguneri has an average literacy rate of 76%, higher than the national average of 59.5%. About 10% of the population is under 6 years of age.


title: Tirunelveli district

paragraphs: Tirunelveli district is a district of Tamil Nadu state in southern India. The city of Tirunelveli is the district headquarters. Tirunelveli District was formed on 1 September 1790 by the East India Company (on behalf of the British government), and comprised the present Tirunelveli and Thoothukudi districts and parts of Virudhunagar district and Ramanathapuram districts. It is the second-largest district (as of October 2008), after Villupuram district. As of 2011, the district had a population of 3,077,233.


title: Panchayat town

paragraphs: A Panchayat Town or Town Panchayat is a type of town in India. It refers to any small town which is formed under the Panchayati raj administrative system. It will have under 25,000 people living there. In census data, the abbreviation T.P. is used to indicate a "Town Panchayat". Tamil Nadu was the first state to introduce the panchayat town as an intermediate step between rural villages and Urban Local Bodies (ULB).

paragraphs: Each state of India has an organisation that manages panchayat towns.


title: Translocation (botany)

paragraphs: Translocation in vascular plants means the movement of organic molecules and some mineral ions. Movement of water from the soil to the leaves occurs in xylem vessels as the result of Transpiration. Transpiration, the evaporation of water from leaves, causes a pull on the water column due to the forces of cohesion between water molecules formed due to hydrogen bonds which causes the water to move upwards. Organic materials, mainly produced in the leaves, are moved around the plant in the living cells of the phloem by a process called translocation.

paragraphs: Unlike xylem (which is composed of dead cells), the phloem is composed of still-living cells that transport sap. Sap is a water-based solution, rich in sugars made by the photosynthesis. These sugars are transported to non-photosynthetic parts of the plant, such as the roots, or into storage structures, such as tubers or bulbs.

paragraphs: The 'pressure flow' hypothesis was proposed by Ernst Münch in 1930 to explain the mechanism of phloem translocation. Leaves photosynthesize, making sugars. Water moves into the sugar-laden sieve-tube cells with sugar by osmosis. This creating pressure that pushes the sap down the sieve tube. When the sugar reaches cells that need it, the cells actively transport sugars out of the sieve-tube elements.

paragraphs: During the plant's growth period, usually during the spring, storage organs such as the roots are sugar sources, and the plant's many growing areas are sugar sinks. The movement in phloem is multi-directional, whereas, in xylem cells, it is one-directional (upwards). Other molecules like amino acids, hormones, and even messenger RNAs are also transported in the phloem through sieve tube elements.


title: Malik Rabnawaz Noon

paragraphs: Malik Rabnawaz Noon (10 March 1947 – 6 June 2010) was a Pakistani lawyer. He was a senior advocate of the Supreme Court of Pakistan. He had worked as lawyer for more than 40 years and was considered one of the top lawyers in the country. He worked as a lawyer all over the country and also represented his clients and his country overseas. One of his most famous cases was the November 2008 Mumbai attacks case, in which he played the role of prosecutor.

paragraphs: Malik was also the president of the Lahore High Court Bar Association (Rawalpindi Bench) in the late 1990s. He was also elected as member Pakistan Bar Council in 2000 for a period of five years (2000-2005). He was also elected as Chairman Executive Pakistan Bar Council (2000-2002). He was contesting the election of Pakistan Bar Council in 2010, but he died before the elections. He was the founder of Noon Law Company (which is now known as Malik Rabnawaz Noon Law Chamber), which was one of the leading law firms of Pakistan. The firm was well-known for criminal, civil, constitutional and company law. Malik was also a legal advisor to many Pakistani politicians.

paragraphs: Malik Rabnawaz Noon was born on 10 March 1947, in a village just outside of Islamabad. He took his primary education from a government school near Islamabad. He cleared his FA (equal to A-levels) from Gordon Collage Rawalpindi in 1966. He did his Bachelor (BA) in arts in 1968. After that he did LLB ( law degree) and masters in law from Punjab University Lahore. After completing his masters he started to work as lawyer in Rawalpindi in early 1970's.

paragraphs: Malik Rabnawaz Noon had two sons and two daughters. He was also a Landlord of his village, where he and his family owned most of the land of the whole area.

paragraphs: Malik Rabnawaz Noon died on 6th June 2010 at a hill station called Murree (near Islamabad) because of heart attack. He was buried in his village on 7th June 2010.


title: Clara Oswald

paragraphs: Clara Oswald is a fictional character on the British science fiction television series "Doctor Who". She is portrayed by Jenna Coleman. She first appeared in the show's seventh series. Clara is a companion of the eleventh version of alien time traveller the Doctor (portrayed by Matt Smith).

paragraphs: During 2012 and 2013, the character is introduced as three different people with the same name. Each was played by the same actress. The first two incarnations die during the episode they appear in. The third becomes the Doctor's companion. While each one is different, the characters are meant to be seen as the same person. This sets up a mystery to be solved. Coleman took over as the show's female lead in the mid-series Christmas special. At that time, she was portraying Victorian governess and barmaid Clara Oswin Oswald. At the end of that episode, Coleman is seen playing a third version of the character. This character was from modern day London and was named Clara Oswald. Starting in the following episode, Clara Oswald travels as the Doctor's full-time companion. During her third introduction, she gives herself the nickname Oswin. It is a mixture of Oswald and win.

paragraphs: Coleman has said that she will be in the eighth series. It is to begin filming in September 2013.

paragraphs: Oswin Oswald is first seen in the first episode of the seventh series, "Asylum of the Daleks". She is the only survivor of the Starship "Alaska". The "Alaska" crashed on the Asylum, a prison planet for insane Daleks. She has lived on the planet for about a year when the Doctor (Matt Smith) and his companions Amy (Karen Gillan) and Rory (Arthur Darvill) go to the Dalek Asylum to turn off the planet's force field. They are trying to do this so that an army of sane Daleks can destroy the asylum. Clara communicates with them and helps them escape from the Daleks. She also removes all of the Daleks' memories of the Doctor. She helps the group escape and the Doctor tries to rescue her. He soon learns that she has already been captured and is now a Dalek cyborg. The Daleks had tried to keep Oswin's intellect. Because her mind could not deal with being turned into a cyborg, it created a fantasy where she survived as a human. When she learned the truth, Oswin was almost taken over by her Dalek personality, but in the end she still would not kill the Doctor. She deactivated the force field. Clara makes a final request that the Doctor remember her. She then lets the Doctor, Amy, and Rory leave the planet before it is destroyed.

paragraphs: Clara is introduced a second time in the 2012 Christmas special "The Snowmen". This was her first episode as the Doctor's companion. She was a young barmaid and governess in 1892. She follows the Doctor after he saves her from an attack by living snowmen. The Doctor asks her to travel with him after she enters the TARDIS, his time and space machine. Soon after this, Clara falls to her death after being attacked. Her tombstone shows her full name to be "Clara Oswin Oswald". The Doctor sees that she is the same woman as Oswin from the Asylum. She even says the same things Oswin had said. Intrigued by a woman who has lived and died two times in different periods of history, he begins look across time for another Clara. The episode ends with a young woman, who could be a modern-day Clara, walking through the graveyard and stopping by Clara Oswin Oswald's tomb. In a short prequel to the post-Christmas episode, the Doctor meets the modern Clara Oswald as a child, but he does not know it is her. In "The Bells of Saint John", the modern Clara meets the Doctor after being given his phone number by a woman in a shop. After an adventure in London, the Doctor asks Clara to become his companion. In "The Rings of Akhaten", the Doctor tries to learn more about who (or what) Clara really is. After watching her parents and her childhood, he finds nothing that is not normal. The episode shows that her mother died when she was a teenager. In "Hide", the Doctor goes to a haunted mansion to ask the psychic Emma Grayling about Clara. She says Clara is just an ordinary girl. "Hide" and "Journey to the Centre of the TARDIS" also show that the TARDIS does not like Clara. In a version of time which was stopped from happening, the Doctor talks with Clara about the two previous versions of her he had met. She did not know what he is talking about.


title: Boulogne

paragraphs: Boulogne might mean any of these different places in France;


title: Zuffa

paragraphs: Zuffa, LLC () is an American sports promotion company of mixed martial arts. It was founded in January 2001 in Las Vegas, Nevada by Station Casinos executives Frank Fertitta III and Lorenzo Fertitta to be the parent entity of the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC) after they purchased it from the Semaphore Entertainment Group. Lorenzo Fertitta is the company's CEO and Chairman while Dana White runs the day-to-day operations.

paragraphs: Zuffa is co-owned by Fertitta brothers (40.5% each), Dana White (9%) and Sheik Tahnoon of Abu Dhabi (Flash Entertainment) (10%).

paragraphs: Zuffa is credited around the world for turning around the UFC and increasing the status of mixed martial arts in the United States from one with a limited audience and regional competitions to a multi-million dollar company with millions of viewers and internationally popular events.

paragraphs: The word "Zuffa" is an Italian word, meaning "scuffle"


title: Zither

paragraphs: A zither is a stringed musical instrument. The word 'Zither' is a German rendering of the Greek word "cithara", from which the modern word "guitar" also derives. Historically, it has been applied to any instrument of the cittern family, or an instrument consisting of many strings stretched across a thin, flat body – similar to a psaltery. This article describes the second variety.

paragraphs: Zithers are played by strumming or plucking the strings, either with the fingers (sometimes using an accessory called a plectrum or "pick"), sounding the strings with a bow, or, with varieties of the instrument like the santur or cimbalom, by beating the strings with specially shaped hammers. Like a guitaror lute, a zither's body serves as a resonating chamber (sound box), but, unlike guitars and lutes, a zither lacks a distinctly separate neck assembly. The number of strings varies, from one to more than fifty.

paragraphs: In modern common usage the term "zither" refers to three specific instruments: the concert zither (German: "Konzertzither"), its variant the Alpine zither (both using a fretted fingerboard), and the chord zither (more recently described as a fretless zither or "guitar zither"). Concert and Alpine zithers are traditionally found in Slovenia, Austria, Hungary, France, north-western Croatia, the southern regions of Germany and alpine Europe. Emigration from these areas during the 19th century introduced the concert and Alpine zither to North and South America. Chord zithers similar to the instrument in the photograph also became popular in North America during the late 19th and early 20th century. These variants all use metal strings, similar to the cittern.


title: Plastic explosive

paragraphs: A Plastic exlplosive is an explosive that can be formed freely, and that can take almost any form. In 1898, Georg Friedrich Henning developed the substance that is known as RDX or T4 today, but which he called "Hexogen". This substance is also part of Composite Compound 4 (or C4), which was developed in the 1960s.


title: Additive

paragraphs: In chemistry, an additive is a substance that is added to a mixture or compound to change the properties of that mixture or compound. Food additives are used to improve food.


title: Semtex

paragraphs: Semtex is a plastic explosive, often used for construction work. It is made of Pentaerythritol tetranitrate and RDX.


title: John S. McCain Jr.

paragraphs: John Sidney "Jack" McCain Jr. (January 17, 1911 – March 22, 1981) was a United States Navy admiral. He served in conflicts from the 1940s through the 1970s, including as the Commander, United States Pacific Command. He is the father of John McCain.

paragraphs: McCain, Jr. was born on January 17, 1911 in Council Bluffs, Iowa. His father was John S. McCain, Sr.. He was raised in Washington, D.C.. McCain studied at Central High School. McCain was married to Roberta McCain from 1933 until his death in 1981. They had three children. McCain died on March 22, 1981 while on a plane in the middle of the North Atlantic after having a heart attack, aged 70.


title: Roberta McCain

paragraphs: Roberta Wright McCain (February 7, 1912 – October 12, 2020) was the widow of Admiral John S. McCain, Jr. and mother of the Republican Arizona Senator and two-time Presidential candidate John S. McCain III.

paragraphs: McCain was born on February 7, 1912 in Muskogee, Oklahoma. She had a twin sister. McCain was married to John S. McCain, Jr. from 1933 until his death in 1981. They had three children. On October 22, 2009, she was hospitalized in Portugal after she fell and injured her head.

paragraphs: McCain died on October 12, 2020 in Washington, D.C., at the age of 108.


title: The Boy in the Striped Pyjamas (movie)

paragraphs: The Boy in the Striped Pyjamas is a 2008 British-American historical drama movie. It is based on the book of the same name by John Boyne. The movie is directed by Mark Herman and produced by David Heyman. It stars Asa Butterfield, Jack Scanlon, David Thewlis, Vera Farmiga, Amber Beattie, Richard Johnson and Rupert Friend.

paragraphs: The movie is about a boy whose father is a soldier during the World War II. They decided to move to a new house so that the father can work near the concentration camps. The son likes to explore and he comes to meet a Jewish boy who lives in the concetration camp. One day, he decides to go into the camp and accidentally enters a gas chamber and dies along with all prisoners.


title: Iverna Codina

paragraphs: Iverna Codina (born June 15, 1912 in Quillota - died August 14, 2010 in Buenos Aires) was a Chilean-born Argentine writer.


title: Sterilization (microbiology)

paragraphs: Sterilization is the removal of all microbes, commonly practiced in medicine. For example, dipping an object in boiling water or pasteurizing something are forms of sterilization.


title: Para-alpine skiing classification

paragraphs: Para-alpine skiing classification is the order system for para-Alpine skiing designed to give equal competition between alpine skiers with different types of limited physical powers. The system of ordering are grouped into three general condition of being unable sorts: stand, unable to see and being seated. Group selection is done by International Paralympic Committee AlpineSkiing. Prior to that, several groups dealt with this including the International Sports Organization for the Disabled (ISOD), International Stoke Mandeville Games Federation (ISMWSF), International Blind Sports Federation (IBSA) and Cerebral Palsy International Sports and Recreation Association (CP-ISRA). Some order systems are persons given government by bodies other than International Paralympic Committee Alpine skiing, such as the Special Olympics. The sport is open to all competitors with a no seeing or physical condition of being unable stand. It is not open to people with intellectual disabilities.

paragraphs: The first order systems for para-Alpine sking were made in Scandinavia in the 1960s, with early systems designed for skiers with no legs or arms. At the time, necessary things had yet to be done to let skiers with spinal cord wounds ski. The purpose of the early order systems was to be made around use of arms and legs but ended up being a medical order system. At the first Winter Paralympics in 1976, there were two groups in the system of ordering for the sport. By the 1980s, groups had existence for skiers with cerebral palsy. At that time, with inspiration from wheelchair basketball classification, efforts were made to make order more of an able to use better system. Ten groups had existence by the 1980s, and since then, efforts have been made to make better the doing work well of order by making fewer the number of classes so fewer medals can be rewarded.

paragraphs: Competition rules for groups use rules made by or are an adjustment from rules by the International Ski Federation. For skiers with seeing problems, guides are used to help the skier down the mountain. For standing skiers, different part rules come to a decision about what sort of necessary things is let in competition, such as one long stick, two sticks or no sticks, or one or two skis. Seated skiers use a specially designed ski for going over snow quickly called a mono-ski. Skiers are put in a group based on medical, and their body position when they ski. Unable to see skiers are put in order only on a medical.


title: La tempestad

paragraphs: La tempestad ("The Tempest"), originally titled La tormenta, is a Mexican telenovela. It is produced by Salvador Mejía Alejandre for Televisa. It is a remake of the Colombian telenovela "La Tormenta". William Levy and Ximena Navarrete star as the protagonists, while Iván Sánchez, Mariana Seoane, Laura Carmine, Daniela Romo and Cesar Evora star as the antagonists. The story is about the romance between Marina (played by Navarrete) and Damian (played by Levy).

paragraphs: As of 13 May 2013, Canal de las Estrellas is broadcasting "La tempestad", replacing Amores verdaderos.

paragraphs: La Tempestad will break with the love story of Marina (Ximena Navarrete) and Damian (William Levy).

paragraphs: Marina Reverte works as a manager at a hotel, who is fired when complaint to prominent businessman Ernesto Contreras (Manuel Ojeda), for attempted sexual abuse an employee. He swears revenge on her. As if that were not enough, Marina received the sad news that her mother, Beatriz Reverte (Maria Sorté), has a disease that threatens their health and that requires constant care, so they relocate in order to receive medical advice. Meanwhile, in the town of Nuestra Señora del Mar, Damian Fabre, a handsome young man who is captain and owner of a fishing boat called "La Tempestad"; works sorting merchandise for a marine cannery, called "El Neptuno". Esthercita (Laura Carmine), daughter of the mayor of this town, is obsessed with Damian, who does not respond to his flirtations, but Damian finally gives in, and she seduces him to succeed.

paragraphs: Mercedes Artigas (Daniela Romo), an elegant and mysterious woman, offers Marina economic and financial management of the company Neptune, opportunity has now accepted that job and that her mother needs to live in a quiet place. Thus, Marina reaches the town of Our Lady of the Sea, where she meets Damian.

paragraphs: Mercedes actually is the biological mother of Marina. In her youth she became pregnant and was at the mercy of Ernesto Contreras, who snatched her other twin daughter, Magdalena (Ximena Navarrete). Mercedes forged a fortune, with which also gained the respect of those around her and the power to face their enemies. Mercedes has dedicated her life to retrieve his daughters, for this has been that people involved with the underworld of white slavery, becoming "Queen of the Night", whose personality has allowed her to save many young victims.

paragraphs: In their first meeting in the company "El Neptuno" Marine shows to Damian a haughty attitude, treating him as an employee more, for its part, Damian ignored and is filed Marina showing his authority with his crew of witnesses.

paragraphs: Marina, furious to be humiliated, decides to break the contract with him. Olinto (Luis Manuel Ávila), administrator explains that the contract with Captain Fabré not be broken.

paragraphs: Marina is located in the village with Hernán Saldaña (Ivan Sanchez), a former classmate who is now a powerful businessman.

paragraphs: Hernán works with a mafia devoted to kidnapping and trafficking in persons, especially women who intended to prostitution. The village mayor, Fulgencio (César Évora), is his ally. Hernán ordered to destroy the factory and ship Damian, as that would rid obstacles.

paragraphs: Marina knows that Hernan is behind the attacks on the factory, causing considerable losses, so Marina and Damian are forced to make a truce in order to join forces, is when they recognize they have fallen in love.


title: Jeremy Shada

paragraphs: Jeremy Shada (born January 21, 1997, in Boise, Idaho, US) is an American actor and singer. He is best known for his work as Finn the Human from the American animated television series "Adventure Time".

paragraphs: Jeremy Shada began acting at the age of seven soon after moving to Los Angeles with his family. He was inspired to act by his older brother Zack Shada, who had begun acting himself. Shada initially appeared in commercials. Later on, he began auditioning for voice acting and theatrical performances, taking the advice from a voice over agent. His first live action theatrical role was as Young Kurt Diamond in No Rules. He has since appeared in additional live action and voice acting roles, such as playing Charlie Pace in childhood flashbacks on "Lost".

paragraphs: In 2009, Jeremy Shada's agent approached him with the idea of auditioning for the role of Finn. Both recognized that Zack Shada had been the original voice of Finn in the pilot episode of Adventure Time three years before. After viewing the pilot on YouTube, Shada matched his voice with the voice of Zack Shada in auditions with Adventure Time's creator Pendleton Ward and the show's producers, earning him the Finn role. In 2012, Shada joined the cast of Nick Cannon's comedy sketch "Incredible Crew". In June 2012, to promote "Incredible Crew"'s 2013 premiere, Cartoon Network released a music rap video titled "Running Errands with My Mom" which features Shada performing and rapping the lyric. The video has since generated over one million views.

paragraphs: Because of his acting schedule, Shada was homeschooled. Answering fan questions on his Facebook page, Shada indicated that he graduated from high school early in May 2013.


title: Teresita Reyes

paragraphs: Teresita Reyes (born February 4, 1948 in Osorno) is a Chilean actress.


title: Isabella Acres

paragraphs: Isabella Acres (born February 21, 2001) is an American child actress who played Rose on "Better Off Ted".

paragraphs: Acres was born in Atlanta, where she discovered her love for acting in children's theater. She then relocated to Los Angeles. Acres' little sister, Ava, is also an actress.

paragraphs: Acres is best known for her series regular role as Rose Crisp on "Better Off Ted", the seven-year-old daughter of Ted (Jay Harrington) who is often the most mature person at his home and workplace. The show's first season finished in August 2009, with a second picked up for January 2010.

paragraphs: Acres also appeared on an episode of "Monk" in 2007, and single episodes of "The Mentalist" where she plays Patrick Jane's (Simon Baker) daughter and on the hit television show "Hannah Montana". Acres was nominated for Best Performance in a TV Series, Guest Starring Young Actress at the Young Artist Awards 2009 for her performance in "The Mentalist".

paragraphs: She currently can be seen in the recurring role of Soleil Friedman in the second season of the Fox television series "Touch".


title: Chapman Pincher

paragraphs: Harry Chapman Pincher (29 March 1914 – 5 August 2014) was an Indian-born British journalist, historian, and novelist.

paragraphs: Pincher was born on 29 March 1914 in Ambala, Punjab. His father was from Britain and his mother was American. Pincher studied at Darlington Grammar School and King's College London.

paragraphs: Pinker wrote a series of books on supposed KGB spies in the West, mostly members of the British ruling class whom he believed were traitors in the service of the KGB. Among these were Roger Hollis, former head of MI5, and Harold Wilson, twice Prime Minister in the 1960s and 70s.

paragraphs: Many of these ideas had come from James Jesus Angleton, former CIA counterespionage chief. Angleton's career ended when his many allegations were not supported with appropriate evidence. Among his more outrageous claims was that Canadian Prime Ministers Lester Pearson and Pierre Trudeau were agents of the Soviet Union.

paragraphs: Another source was Peter Wright, a former assistant director of MI5. The British Government tried to prevent the publication of Wright's own "Spycatcher" (1987), which covered much the same ground as Pincher's "Their trade is treachery". Wright had published in Australia, and the Australian court case ran on for years with no success. In the event, nothing was proved against Hollis, who was the main target of "Their trade is treachery". Later British Prime Ministers stated that Hollis was a loyal servant of the Crown, and that a great injustice had been done to him by the Pincher and Wright books.

paragraphs: Pincher died on 5 August 2014 at the age of 100.


title: Margot Kahl

paragraphs: Margot Inge Kahl Pingel (born January 9, 1961 in Puerto Varas) is a Chilean engineer and television presenter.


title: John S. McCain Sr.

paragraphs: John Sidney "Slew" McCain Sr. (August 9, 1884 – September 6, 1945) was a United States Navy admiral. He held several command assignments during the Pacific campaign of World War II. His son was John S. McCain, Jr. and his grandson is John McCain.

paragraphs: McCain, Sr. was born on August 9, 1884 in Carroll County, Mississippi. He studied at the University of Mississippi and at the United States Military Academy at West Point. McCain, Sr. was married to Catherine Davey Vaulx from 1909 until his death in 1945. They had one child. McCain died on September 6, 1945 in Coronado, California from a heart attack, aged 61.


title: Our Lady of La Vang

paragraphs: Our Lady of La Vang was a reported Marian apparition (a supernatural appearance of the Virgin Mary) in Vietnam. The appearance was reported at a time when Catholics were being persucted and killed in Vietnam. In Vietnamese she is called ' or '.

paragraphs: Modern scholars believe the name came from a plant in the area ("La" means "leaf" and "Vang" means "herbal seeds"). Others believe the name came from a Vietnamese word that meant "crying out" as if the Vietnamese Catholics at that time were "crying out" to God for help. Some believe the name came from the rainforest's name La Vang.

paragraphs: Fearing the spread of Catholicism, Emperor Canh Thinh banned the practice of Catholicism. Soon thereafter the emperor made an anti-Catholic edict which made the practice of Catholicism punishable by death. Many Catholics sought refuge in the rainforest of La Vang in Quang Tri Province. While hiding in the rainforest, the small community would gather every night at the foot of a tree and pray. One night, an apparition surprised them. In the branches of the tree, a lady dressed in the traditional Vietnamese dress (ao dai), holding an infant in her arms with two angels beside her, appeared. The people who witnessed this apparition said that the lady and the infant was the Virgin Mary and the infant Jesus. They said that the lady comforted them and told them to boil the leaves from the tree for medicine to cure the illness.

paragraphs: In 1802, many of the Catholics went back to their villages, spreading the story of the apparition. Soon, many people came back to the site to offer incense and to pray. In 1820, a chapel was built. From 1830- 1885 another wave of persecutions decimated the Catholic population. The chapel of Our Lady of La Vang was destroyed and in 1886 a new chapel was built.

paragraphs: There is no official recognition from the Vatican for this as a "Marian apparition". Although there is no official recognition, Pope John Paul II publicly recognized the importance of Our Lady of La Vang and expressed a desire to rebuild the La Vang Basilica to honor the 200th anniversary of the first apparition.


title: Nicolas Berejny

paragraphs: Nicolas Berejny (born 27 June 1968) is a skier from France. He has a disability. He skied at the 2011 IPC Alpine Skiing World Championships and was the first skier to finish in the visually impaired men's downhill race. He was the third skier to finish in the men's visually impaired Super-G race. Because he cannot see, Gregory Nouhaud was his guide and told him where to when going down the mountain.


title: Chris Williamson

paragraphs: Chris Williamson (born 5 May 1972) is a skier from Canada. He has a disability. He skied at the 2011 IPC Alpine Skiing World Championships and was the second skier to finish in the visually impaired men's downhill race. He was the second skier to finish in the men's visually impaired Super-G race. He was the third skier to finish in the men's visually impaired Super Combined race. He was the third skier to finish in the slalom race. Because he cannot see, Robin Femy was his guide and told him where to when going down the mountain.


title: Ignacio Gutiérrez

paragraphs: Ignacio Gutiérrez (born 1976 in Constitución) is a Chilean journalist and television presenter.


title: Vincent Gauthier-Manuel

paragraphs: Nicolas Berejny (born 6 April 1986) is a skier from France. He has a disability. He skied at the 2011 IPC Alpine Skiing World Championships and was the second skier to finish in the standing men's downhill race. He was the second skier to finish in the men's standing Super-G race. He was the first skier to finish in the men's standing Super Combined race and the slalom race.


title: Our Lady of Good Health

paragraphs: Our Lady of Good Health is the name given to an apparition of the Virgin Mary believed to have appeared in the town of Vailankanni, Tamil Nadu, India. She is also known as Our Lady of Vailankanni and Holy Mother of Good Health. Her name in the Tamil language is (Arokia Matha).

paragraphs: The Feast day of Our Lady of Good Health is on the same day as the birthday of the Virgin Mary (September 8).

paragraphs: Although there is no written record of these three events, the oral tradition is that there were three apparitions. Two were during the 16th century and one in the 17th century.

paragraphs: The first apparition was in the town of Vailankanni, Tamil Nadu. It is said that a Hindu boy was resting under a banyan tree near a pond. While he was resting, a woman with an infant on her hand came to him and asked him for milk. The boy agreed and ran off to get the milk. When he came back, he apologized for his lateness and the reduced amount of milk due to an accident when he was coming back with the milk. However, on inspection the boy found the pot of milk to be full and was convinced a miracle happened. Together a man, also a Hindu, and the boy went back to the pond where the apparition had occurred. Again, the Lady appeared with her child. On learning that it was the Virgin Mary and the infant Jesus who appeared to the boy, the residents of the local Roman Catholic community became ecstatic and renamed the pond "" (Our Lady's Pond).

paragraphs: Later towards the end of the 16th century, it is believed the Virgin Mary appeared to a crippled boy (and also a son of a widow) in a place called Thittu, once again in the same town of Vailankanni. The boy is said to have offered buttermilk to the Virgin Mary and then he was cured of his illness. The boy was then commanded by Mary to tell a Catholic gentleman in the nearby town of Nagapattinam. The first shrine was built by this Catholic gentleman.

paragraphs: The third appearance of the Virgin Mary was in the 17th century. A Portuguese merchant vessel was sailing from Macau in China to Colombo in Sri Lanka. When the vessel was sailing, it was caught in a storm in the Bay of Bengal. The sailors vowed to build a chapel dedicated to the Virgin Mary if they could reach land safely. The legend claimed that the sea became quiet and they reached safety on the shore of Vailankanni on the Virgin Mary's birthday, September 8. Because of their vow to the Virgin Mary, the Portuguese sailors put up a chapel at Vailankanni by transforming the last small shrine built by the last Catholic gentleman.


title: Vanessa Aguilera

paragraphs: Vanessa Nathaly Aguilera Castro (born October 31, 1989 in Temuco) is a Chilean singer, songwriter and actress.


title: Thomas Pfyl

paragraphs: Thomas Pfyl (born January 1, 1987) is a skier from Switzerland. He has a disability. He skied at the 2011 IPC Alpine Skiing World Championships and was the third skier to finish in the standing men's downhill race, Super-G race, and the Super Combined race.


title: Akira Kano

paragraphs: Akira Kano (狩野 亮 Kanō Akira?) (born March 14, 1986) is a skier from Japan. He has a disability and uses a wheelchair. He skied at the 2011 IPC Alpine Skiing World Championships and was the first skier to finish in the sitting men's downhill race.


title: Taiki Morii

paragraphs: Taiki Morii (森井 大輝 Morii Taiki?) (born July 9, 1980) is a skier from Japan. He has a disability and uses a wheelchair. He skied at the 2011 IPC Alpine Skiing World Championships. He was the first skier to finish in the Giant Slalom race, and was the second skier to finish in the sitting men's downhill race and the Super-G race.


title: Robin Femy

paragraphs: Robin Femy (born 19 October 1989) is a skier from Canada. He helps skiers who cannot see by telling them where to go on a mountain. He skied at the 2011 IPC Alpine Skiing World Championships with Chris Williamson. They were the third skiers to finish in the visually impaired men's downhill race. They were the second skiers to finish in the men's visually impaired Super-G race. They were the third skiers to finish in the men's visually impaired Super Combined race. They were the third skiers to finish in the slalom race.


title: Gregory Nouhaud

paragraphs: Gregory Nouhaud (born 26 August 1982) is a skier from France. He helps skiers who cannot see by telling them where to go on a mountain. He skied at the 2011 IPC Alpine Skiing World Championships with Nicolas Berejny. They were the first skiers to finish in the visually impaired men's downhill race. They were the third skiers to finish in the men's visually impaired Super-G race.


title: Miguel Galindo Garces

paragraphs: Miguel Galindo Garces (born 1981) is a skier from Spain. He helps skiers who cannot see by telling them where to go on a mountain. He skied at the 2011 IPC Alpine Skiing World Championships with Jon Santacana Maiztegui. They were the second skiers to finish in the visually impaired men's downhill race. They were the first skiers to finish in the men's visually impaired Super-G race, the Giant Slalom race and the Super Combined race. They were the second skiers to finish in the slalom race.


title: Quarantine

paragraphs: Quarantine is where animals, people or an area of land are isolated to prevent the spread of disease or pests. Countries often stop animals and plants from being brought in from elsewhere, unless they are known not to carry a disease.

paragraphs: The word "quarantine" comes from "quarantena", the Venetian language meaning "forty days". This is because of the 40-day isolation of ships and people practiced as a measure of disease prevention related to the plague.

paragraphs: It is different from medical isolation, which is for people who have been infected with the disease.

paragraphs: The quarantining of people often raises questions of civil rights. Quarantine can have bad psychological effects on the quarantined. These include post-traumatic stress disorder, confusion and anger.

paragraphs: Self quarantine (or self-isolation) is a term that became popular during the 2019–20 coronavirus pandemic, which spread to most countries in 2020. Citizens were either encouraged or forced by law to stay home to lower the spread of the disease. Some countries went into lockdowns as a form of quarantine.

paragraphs: , more than 280 million people, or about 86% of the population, are under some form of lockdown in the United States, 59 million people are in lockdown in South Africa, and 1.3 billion people are in lockdown in India.


title: Jakub Krako

paragraphs: Jakub Krako (born July 7, 1990) is a skier from Slovakia. He has a disability: he cannot see things. He skied at the 2011 IPC Alpine Skiing World Championships. He was the second skier to finish in the men's visually impaired Super Combined race and the Giant Slalom race. He was the first skier to finish in the slalom race. Because he cannot see, Dusan Simo was his guide and told him where to when going down the mountain.


title: Takeshi Suzuki

paragraphs: Takeshi Suzuki (鈴木 猛史 Suzuki Takeshi?) (born May 1, 1988) is a skier from Japan. He has a disability and uses a wheelchair. He skied at the 2011 IPC Alpine Skiing World Championships and was the first skier to finish in the sitting men's Super Combined race and in the slalom race. He was the second skier to finish in the Giant Slalom.


title: Periyar E. V. Ramasamy

paragraphs: Erode Venkata Ramasamy (17 September 1879 – 24 December 1973), also called Periyar, Thanthai Periyar or E. V. R. by his followers, was an Indian philosopher , politician, independence and social activist. He started the Self-Respect Movement or the Dravidian Movement and proposed the creation of an independent state called Dravida Nadu, comprising the states of South India. He is also the founder of the socio-cultural organisation, Dravidar Kazhagam.

paragraphs: Periyar was born in Erode, Madras Presidency in a rich family. At a young age, he witnessed many incidents of racial, caste and gender discrimination. Periyar married when he was 19, and had a daughter who lived for only 5 months. His first wife, Nagammai, died in 1933. Periyar married for a second time in July 1948. His second wife, Maniammai, continued Periyar's social work after his death in 1973, but still his thoughts and ideas were being spread by Dravidar Kazhagam.

paragraphs: Periyar fought for the Tamil language, Tamil people and for their rights until his death. He was against Brahmin for their caste and religious following. Periyar organised anti-Hindi protests in 1938, against the introduction of Hindi as a compulsory language of study in schools. Now in the present days the Periyar's followers are increasing more all over the world among the Tamil people, due to their interest in Tamil language and history behind them.


title: Yohann Taberlet

paragraphs: Yohann Taberlet (born March 29, 1981) is a skier from France. He has a disability and uses a wheelchair. He skied at the 2011 IPC Alpine Skiing World Championships. He was the second skier to finish in the men's sitting slalom race and was the third skier to finish in the sitting men's Super Combined race.


title: Toby Kane

paragraphs: Toby Kane (born 30 December 1986) is a skier from Australia. He has a disability. He skied at the 2011 IPC Alpine Skiing World Championships and was the third skier to finish in the standing men's slalom race.


title: Cyclone Viyaru

paragraphs: Cyclonic Storm Viyaru, formerly known as Cyclonic Storm Mahasen, was an active tropical cyclone. It passed over the Bay of Bengal. It threatened Myanmar and Bangladesh. Its origin was a low pressure area in the Bay of Bengal. The low pressure area was created in the first week of May. Viyaru slowly developed. It became a depression on May 10 by almost remaining still. Gradually it gained speed on May 11 and became a cyclonic storm. It was the first storm of the season. At first the system's ultimate direction was not clear, but moved closer to eastern India. On May 14, the circulation of Viyaru turned northeastward.

paragraphs: Myanmar recommended a large evacuation in order to be prepared for the storm; however, for this reason people wanted to escape by boat. As a result, they made boats overcrowded, and one or more boats capsized. This killed at least eight people. The storm had extensive cloud mass, which brought unsettled weather to Sri Lanka, Thailand, and southeastern India. Severe storms in India and Sri Lanka killed 15 people and caused major damage. One person was killed in Thailand.

paragraphs: The name "Mahasen" caused some argument from nationalists and officials in Sri Lanka. They claimed that the name Mahasen comes from a Sinhala king. He brought prosperity to the island. So naming a destructive force of nature after him would be improper. Sri Lankan authorities instead have not given the storm a name.

paragraphs: Cyclone Viyaru struck Southern Bangladesh on 16 May 2013. The speed of the wind was about 100 kph.

paragraphs: An area of convection first appeared on May 4. It slowly moved eastwards and organized into a low pressure area on May 8. A pulse in the Madden–Julian oscillation, together with a convective Kelvin wave allowed the system to develop. These oscillations also caused Tropical Storm Jamala to form. The JTWC later issued a Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert (TCFA) on May 10, after the system became more organized. The IMD upgraded it to a well-marked low pressure area. Later the same day, JTWC issued the first warning for the storm. JTWC designed it 01B, followed by the IMD upgrading the storm into a depression, and later into a deep depression.

paragraphs: As of 0830 IST (0300 UTC), 16 May 2013, Cyclonic Storm Mahasen was located near latitude 21°N and longitude 90°E, about south-southeast of Kolkata and southwest of Chittagong. The storm is forecast to maintain power. It is moving northeastwards. It is expected to cross the Bangladesh coast close to Chittagong by evening of 16 May. Sustained maximum surface wind speed is estimated at , gusting to . Estimated minimum central pressure is at 988 mbar. Dvorak intensity of the storm is at T2.5.


title: Thomas Nolte

paragraphs: Thomas Nolte (born June 13, 1984) is a skier from Germany. He has a disability and uses a wheelchair. He skied at the 2011 IPC Alpine Skiing World Championships and was the third skier to finish in the sitting men's slalom race.


title: Henrieta Farkašová

paragraphs: Henrieta Farkašová (born May 23, 1986) is a skier from Slovakia. She has a disability: she cannot see everything. She skied at the 2011 IPC Alpine Skiing World Championships. She was the first skier to finish the women's visually impaired downhill race, slalom race, giant slalom race and super combined race. Because she cannot see, Natália Šubrtová was her guide and told her where to go when going down the mountain.


title: Natália Šubrtová

paragraphs: Natália Šubrtová (born 1 May 1989 in Kežmarok) is a skier from Slovakia. She helps skiers who cannot see by telling them where to go on a mountain. She skied at the 2011 IPC Alpine Skiing World Championships with Henrieta Farkašová. They were the first skiers to finish the women's visually impaired downhill race, slalom race, giant slalom race and super combined race.


title: Engineering tolerance

paragraphs: Engineering tolerance is the ability of a machine to cope with changes while still continuing to work. This includes changes to size, quality (for example, the smoothness of the surface), the outside world (for example, dampness or heat). When a machine is made the needed engineering tolerance is set to provide a balance between performance and the need to cope with the changes it may experience.


title: Melissa Perrine

paragraphs: Henrieta Farkašová (born 21 February 1988) is a skier from Australia. She has a disability: she cannot see everything. She skied at the 2011 IPC Alpine Skiing World Championships. She was the second skier to finish the women's visually impaired downhill race, and the third skier to finish in the Super-G race and the Super Combined race. Because she cannot see, Andrew Bor was her guide and told her where to go when going down the mountain.


title: Andrew Bor

paragraphs: Andrew Bor (born 14 April 1963) is a skier and ski coach from Australia. He helps skiers who cannot see by telling them where to go on a mountain. He skied at the 2011 IPC Alpine Skiing World Championships with Melissa Perrine. They were the second skiers to finish the women's visually impaired downhill race, and the third skiers to finish in the Super-G race and the Super Combined race.


title: Alexandra Frantseva

paragraphs: Alexandra Frantseva (born 24 April 1987) is a skier from Russia. She has a disability: she cannot see everything. She skied at the 2011 IPC Alpine Skiing World Championships. She was the second skier to finish in the women's visually impaired Super-G race, Giant slalom race and Super Combined race, and the third skier to finish the women's visually impaired downhill race and slalom race. Because she cannot see, Evgenia Kolosovskaya was her guide and told her where to go when going down the mountain.


title: Bioturbation

paragraphs: Bioturbation is the reworking of soils and sediments by animals or plants. It disturbs and changes sediment. Any animal living in the soil or on the bottom under water may disturb the sediment by moving it around. Burrowing, eating and defecation of sediment grains, building galleries (etc.) all disturb the sediment.

paragraphs: Common bioturbators include annelids ("ringed worms") such as oligochaetes, bivalves like mussels, clams, gastropods, holothurians.

paragraphs: Fossil sites with bioturbation do not leave traces of soft-bodied animals. In contrast, fossil sites with undisturbed sediment have given rise to important lagerstätten with many impressions of small soft-bodied invertebrates.


title: Paradip

paragraphs: Paradip (also Paradeep) is a major seaport town in India. It is a designated notified area in Jagatsinghpur district of Odisha.

paragraphs: Paradip is located at . It has an average elevation of .


title: Para-alpine skiing

paragraphs: Alpine skiing is a winter sport. This sport has been adapted to the needs of people with a disability, and is called Para-alpine skiing. The sport started in Germany and Austria during and after the Second World War. The sport is governed by the International Paralympic Committee Sports Committee. The adaptations used include ski poles (outrigger skis), and a chair on a ski (sit-skis, and mono-skis). Para-alpines skiing types are Downhill, Super-G, Giant Slalom, Slalom, Super Combined and Snowboard.

paragraphs: Para-alpine skiing classification is the order system for para-alpine skiing. It is designed to give equal competition between alpine skiers with different types of limited physical powers and vision. The ordering system is grouped into three general conditions of being unable: standing, unable to see and sitting. A factoring system was made for para-alpine skiing. It lets the three classification groups fairly race against other people with the same type of disability.

paragraphs: Alpine skiing was one of the sports at the first Winter Paralympics in 1976 with Slalom and Giant Slalom being raced. Different types of Alpine skiing were made to be at the Paralympic Games over time. The 2010 Winter Paralympics para-alpine skiing races were at Whistler Creekside. The race types at Whistler included Downhill, Super-Combined, Super-G, Slalom and Giant Slalom.

paragraphs: Disability skiing started around the Second World War, because many soldiers got hurt. In Germany, Franz Wendel, an amputee who was missing his leg, used pair of crutches to make short skis. Sepp "Peppi" Zwicknagel is an Austrian veteran was wounded by a hand grenade and lost his leg. Zwicknagel learned to ski on his own and then became a ski instructor. He worked at Kitzbühel, and created a division of the Austrian Ski Association for disability skiers. By 1947, disability ski races were being held in Austria. Next, Ludwig Guttman helped make ski events for people with disabilities. In the United States, Gretchen Fraser started teaching skiing to amputees in army hospitals. By the 1960s, ski groups for people with disabilities were being made. Disability skiing was only for people amputations until 1968. In 1969, blind skier Jean Eymore began a skiing program in Aspen, Colorado for skiers who cannot see. Eymore was ski instructor before he lost his vision. The first international competition, the World Disabled Alpine Championships, was held in France in 1974.

paragraphs: Standing alpine skiing was one of the first sports at the first Winter Paralympics in 1976. Slalom and Giant Slalom were the race types held. At the 1984 Winter Paralympics, the downhill event was added to the para-alpine program. Sit-skiing was an example sport in 1984. At the 1992 Winter Paralympics in Albertville, Canada, downhill, giant slalom and slalom events were on the Paralympic program. At the 1994 Winter Paralympics, Super Giant Slalom was raced. In 1998, sit-skiers and blind skiers could get medals. Before 1998, only standing skiers could get medals at the Winter Paralympics.

paragraphs: At the 2002 Winter Paralympics, women's downhill and men's unable to see downhill were on day 1. Men's standing and being seated downhill were on day 2. Men's standing and being seated Super-G was on day 3. Men's unable to see and women's Super-G was on day 5. Men's standing and being seated Giant Slalom was on day 7. Women's and men's unable to see Giant Slalom was on day 8. Men's standing and being seated Slalom was on day 9. Women's and men's unable to see Slalom was on day 10.

paragraphs: At the 2006 Winter Paralympics, a new classification system was used. It made 14 classes into three groups and used factored results for each of three groups. At the 2006 Games, in the Super-G, there were 55 male competitors compared to 18 women in the standing group.

paragraphs: The 2010 Winter Paralympics para-alpine skiing race were at Whistler Creekside. The types of races at Whistler included downhill, Super-Combined, Super-G, slalom and giant slalom. Super-combined was raced in 2010. It was the first time it was raced at the Paralympic Games. In the downhill races, there were 25 men and 18 women in the standing group, 25 men and 10 women in the being seated group and 12 men and 10 women in the cannot see group. In the Super-Combined races, there were 18 men and 14 women for standing, 18 men and 10 women for being seated and 10 men and 10 women for cannot see. The slalom race was shortest race course for para-alpine events at the 2010 Games. The downhill was on day 2 for men and women skiers in all groups. The Super-G for men and women in standing classes was on day 3. Cannot see and being seated skiers raced in the Super-G on day 4. The Super Combined races were on day 5 for all skiers. The standing Giant Slalom for men and women was on day 7. The being seated and cannot skiers raced on day 8. The slalom wasfor standing men and women was on day 9. The other skiers raced the slalom on day 10.

paragraphs: Para-alpine ski events held with skiers from around the world and for skiers from specific countries include the Winter Paralympics, World championships World cups, Continental cups, National championships IPCAS competition and IPCAS Para-Snowboard. Skiers from 39 different countries race in para-alpine skiing races. The sport is that one of eight given government by the International Paralympic Committee Sports Committee, with rules for para-alpine skiing put forth in the IPCAS Rules and Regulations. Special rules may be used for events like the Paralympic Games. One group of special rules was used in 1994 and were detailed in the IPC Handbook. This was used to make necessary IPC-sanctioned events like the Paralympic Games for many years. Competition rules for classes use rules put by or made an adjustment from rules made come into existence by the International Ski Federation (FIS). These rules were put at the 42nd International Ski Conference in 2000. The two rule groups worked in united ways with each other, with the FIS rules specifying the rules for alpine skiing, and the IPC making ready adjustments for para-alpine skiing. The IPC Alpine Sports Assembly Executive Committee can come to a decision about if skiers are having necessary qualities to race in IPC sanctioned events without thought or attention of what the rules say. National Paralympic Committees can have their own rule for races they organize.

paragraphs: The first necessary things used in the sport includes outrigger skis, sit-skis, and mono-skis. Being dependent on if a skier sits, stands or cannot see, other necessary things may be used by skiers other equipment may be used by skiers including guide skiers, short ski poles, orthopedic aids, or prostheses. For skiers with seeing problems, guides are used to help the skier know the direction to ski. [10] For skiers who stand, different part rules come to a decision about what sort of necessary things is let in competition, such as one long ski pole, two ski poles, zero ski poles, or one or two skis. Rules for necessary things use in competition are made by FIS and the IPC.

paragraphs: There are least long distance for skis used in competition is at least for men and for women. Bindings used for skis have a greatest point high level of .

paragraphs: Sit-skis are for wheelchair users or other skiers who have paraplegia. The first sit-ski was made in 1967 by Josef Shrall. Shrall is from the Bavaria in Germany. The first sit-skis had two wide skis, brakes, and were made special to fit a skier. The weight of the sit-ski made it so no skiers could ski moguls or on steep slopes. Sit-ski kept getting made better in 1980s. A new type of sit-ski was made in Engelberg, Switzerland in 1987 and people were able to see it at a workshop made by the Swiss Association of Paraplegics. As the technology got better, a chair was made that could be added to the skis which were made for skiers who had no disability. Now sit-skis are made from fiberglass and polyester. Sit-skis now have much less weight, allowing skiers to ski on steeper slopes and race in the moguls. Now sit-skis include seat belts. Sit-skis for people with disabilities and skis for people who do not have disabilities have improved to become special for different types of alpine skiing races.

paragraphs: Some standing skiers can use outrigger skis when racing. These are ski poles with small skis on the end. They help a skier balance when they ski down a mountain, and help in going short distances up a mountain. Outrigger skis also help skiers to do things like a climb a hill to get on a ski lift.

paragraphs: Guide skiers can see. They help skiers who cannot ski go down the mountain by telling the cannot see skier where to go using a radio or talking to them. Skiers can use more than one guide during a race type, but the guide can only win a medal if they raced with the same skier for the whole race type. Like the skier, the guide has to have an IPCAS Licence in order to compete in races. Guide skiers need to follow to anti-doping rules.

paragraphs: Skiers also wear special boots, helmets, ski suits, and goggles. Ski equipment cannot have advertisements on it at the Paralympic Games. Ski boots are made to connect to the ski at the heel and toe. They help support the foot and ankle with the use of materials like hard plastics. All helmets used in races must be hard-shell helmets.

paragraphs: Para-alpine skiing types are downhill, Super-G, Giant Slalom, Slalom, Super Combined and Snowboard. The rules are based on the rules of the International Ski Federation, though some rules have been adjusted for skiers with limited physical powers. While skiing, skiers go as quickly as an hour.

paragraphs: This is a go quickly based timed ski race, where skiers go over snow quickly down a sloping sharply direction that can be to lower than it started while having in it many turns and jumps. The first skier to finish is based on one run down the mountain, with the skier with the fastest time being the first. Skiers move between gates in the downhill. Downhill has the least number gates among all para-alpine types. If a skier does not ski between the gates, they do not finish. Some ski races make a skier first show they are good enough to ski. They can make this be seen in the downhill or Super-G. Skiers can get points for competitions with skiers from other countries in races by International Ski Federation. Skiers can race in the downhill at the Paralympic Games.

paragraphs: Skis for women must be at least long. For men, skis must be at least long. Women and men's skis need a least possible or recorded straight line from middle to edge circle turn of . Skiers used curved narrow ski poles for this event. Men and women both need their skis to have a straight line from middle to edge circle of . Top speed in this event can be up to an hour. Before the start of the race, the skier needs to do a practice run, and need to wear a helmet to keep safe during all their runs.

paragraphs: Made in the 1980s, the Super-G is less scientific with skiers going very fast. From top to bottom part of the mountain, skiers go down to high. Acomparison to other para-alpine sking types, this type has a tendency to be mid-length. It is longer than the Giant Slalom and the Slalom but shorter than the downhill type. In this type, skiers go quickly between alternating red and blue gates that are apart, with men needing to go between 35 gates and women needing to go between 30 gates.

paragraphs: With a drop of to , this is one of the more need to be very correct when turning the para-alpine disciplines. This skiing type gets two runs down a mountain that is straighter and shorter than the downhill. It is longer and having fewer turns than the Slalom. After the first race down the mountain, the last 20% of finishers can be took away from the competition at the authority of the judges. The starting order for the second run is starts with the slowest of the top 15 skiers, with the fastest skier in the first race racing 15th. Any skiers who completed outside the top 15 then race in order based on their times from the first run. For example, the 18th fastest finisher in the first run skis 18th in the second run. In some competitions, an adjustment is made using 30 skiers instead of 15. The IPC/FIS run together make the rules for Slalom race. Giant Slalom is a race on the current Paralympic schedule. Skiers use straight ski poles in Giant Slalom.

paragraphs: The name for this race is from a Norwegian word that is "sloping footway." This event is the most complex ski discipline, with a drop of only to on an purposely iced mountain. This is the shortest of all the para-alpine race events and uses two different races with different directions down a mountain. Skiers go down each different race once, with their coming to an end position being marked based on their complete time from both races. There are gates in this race, about 55-75 for men and 40-60 for women, and if a skier does ski between the gate, they are unable to finish the race because of the rules. After the first race, the last 20% of finishers can be took away from the competition at the authority of the judges. The starting order for the second run is starts with the slowest of the top 15 skiers, with the fastest skier in the first run skiing 15th. Any skiers who completed outside the top 15 then skiers race in order based on their times from the first run. For example, the 18th fastest finisher in the first run skis 18th in the second run. Skiers use straight ski poles in this race. In some competitions that have a need to show people you should be allowed to race in it, a skier can show they should be allowed to race using finish race times from downhill, Slalom or Super-G. The IPC/FIS make the rules for Slalom. Slalom is a race on the current Paralympic schedule. Skiers often wear extra protective equipment when racing in slalom.

paragraphs: The Super Combined is a mix of two disciplines: Slalom and Super-G, or the downhill and the Slalom. In the event, skiers go down the downhill mountain race once, and the Slalom mountain race twice. The times for the three races are put together, with the fastest time for all three races being the skier who finishes first.

paragraphs: Snowboard has drops between and for both men's and women's races with the race being run over a distance of to . The race has alternating ski gates. The sport is only open to standing racers.

paragraphs: Para-alpine skiing classification is designed to give insurance equal competition between alpine skiers with different types of limited physical and seeing powers. The system of ordering are grouped into three general conditions of being unable sorts: standing, unable to see and sitting. The International Paralympic Committee Alpine Skiing is the boss of classification. Skiers are put in order based on medical problems, and their body position when they ski. Skiers cannot see are valued only on a medical doctors saying how bad their vision is. Prior to International Paralympic Committee Alpine Skiing being in charge, several sport groups handled classification. They included the International Sports Organization for the Disabled (ISOD), International Stoke Mandeville Games Federation (ISMWSF), International Blind Sports Federation (IBSA) and Cerebral Palsy International Sports and Recreation Association (CP-ISRA). Some order systems are persons given organizations other than International Paralympic Committee Alpine Skiing. These order systems are not used in international competition. The sport is open to all competitors with a seeing or physical condition of being unable. It is not open to people with to do with intellectual disabilities.

paragraphs: The first order systems for para-alpine classification were made in Scandinavia, with early systems designed for skiers with amputations. At the time, there was no ski tools for skiers with spinal cord wounds. The purpose of the early order systems was to be made from able to use your body but ended up being medical order systems. At the first Winter Paralympics in 1976, there were two systems of classification for the sport. By the 1980s, skiers with cerebral palsy had a classification system. At that time, with inspiration from wheelchair basketball order, efforts were made to make order more of an able to use the body classification system. Ten classes had existence by the 1980s. Since then, efforts have been made to make better the classification system by lowering the number of classes so fewer medals can be awarded.

paragraphs: A factoring system was made come into existence for para-alpine skiing for three general groups: being seated, standing and not seeing. Each group races against only people in the same group. A skier can finish in the top three for only seated, standing or not seeing. People from one group do not race against other skiers in a different group. Inside each group, there is a wide range of able to move and medical problems or being able to see. Skiers are classed inside one of the three groups. The factoring system works by having a number for each class, where the results are worked out by increasing in number the look time by the factored number. The coming out number is the one used to come to a decision about the one who came out best in events where the cause system is used. This means the quicker skier down a hill may not be the first of an event. in events where the factor system is used. This means the faster skier down a hill may not be the winner of an event. The factor system is used at Alpine Cup, North American Races, European Cup, World Cup races, World Championships, and the Winter Paralympics.


title: European badger

paragraphs: The European badger ("Meles meles") is a species of badger. Its genus is "Meles". It is native to almost all of Europe. It is classed as Least Concern for extinction by the IUCN because of its wide distribution and large population.

paragraphs: The European badger is a social, burrowing animal. It eats a wide variety of plants and animals. It is very fussy over the cleanliness of its burrow, and defecates in latrines. It is known of European badgers that they bury their dead family members. Although they are ferocious when provoked, the European badger is generally a peaceful animal. It has been known to share its burrows with other species such as rabbits, red foxes and raccoon dogs. Although it does not usually prey on domestic animals, the species is sometimes reported to damage livestock through spreading bovine tuberculosis.


title: Outrigger skis

paragraphs: Outrigger skis are skis that are used by para-skiers to help with balance, turn, control their rate of motion, stop and make greater the direction of turns. They be different in size and level, and have different things. Being dependent on the total number of skis used by the skier (1 or 2), outrigger ski form is sometimes named "Three Track Skiing" or "Four Track Skiing". When falling, skiers are taught to move their arms to put a stop to falling on the outrigger ski and damaging themselves.


title: Industrial and Commercial Bank of China

paragraphs: Industrial and Commercial Bank of China Ltd. (ICBC) (; ; , more commonly just ) is the largest bank in the world by profit and market capitalization. It is one of China's 'Big Four' state-owned commercial banks. The other three banks are Bank of China, Agricultural Bank of China, and China Construction Bank.

paragraphs: It was founded on January 1, 1984. At first it was a private company. It had assets of RMB 12.55 trillion (US$1.9 trillion). It also had over 18,000 outlets including 106 overseas branches and agents globally. In 2013, it was ranked number 1 on "Forbes" Global 2000 list of world's biggest public companies.


title: Nellaiappar Temple

paragraphs: The Swami Nellaiappar Temple () is a Hindu temple in the city of Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, India. It is a the main centre of attraction in the city.

paragraphs: The Nellaiappar Temple is in the middle of Tirunelveli. It is surrounded by roads on all four sides. All the roads are filled with small stores, hotels and other small business. The other name for Tirunelveli is "Nellai", which is derived from the god of this temple "Nellaiappar", means the Protector of Nellai.

paragraphs: The Nellaiappar Temple was constructed by Nindraseer Nedumaran who reigned in the 7th century A.D. There is a flower garden in the centre of the temple. In the centre of the garden, there is a square vasantha mandapm with 100 pillars. It is said that this whole place used to be full of bamboo trees and it was destroyed, and so inside the temple they still have some bamboo trees.


title: Cooling tower

paragraphs: Cooling towers are towers that are used to transfer waste heat to the atmosphere. Cooling towers may use the evaporation of water to remove heat and cool the working fluid to near the wet-bulb air temperature. They may also use only air to cool the working fluid to near the dry-bulb air temperature. Cooling towers are used in oil refineries, petrochemical plants and power stations, especially nuclear power stations. In a nuclear power plant, the cooling tower is isolated from the nuclear reactor by a heat exchanger, and the steam from the cooling tower is not radioactive. The cooling tower is usually the tallest and most visible part of a nuclear power plant, much taller than the reactor building or turbine hall.


title: Gakkel Ridge

paragraphs: The Gakkel Ridge (formerly known as the Nansen Cordillera and Arctic Mid-Ocean Ridge) is a mid-oceanic ridge. It is located in the Arctic Ocean between Greenland and Siberia. It is a divergent tectonic plate boundary between the North American Plate and the Eurasian Plate. It is in length. Geologically, it connects the northern end of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge with the Laptev Sea Rift.

paragraphs: The existence and approximate location of the Gakkel Ridge were predicted by Soviet polar explorer Yakov Yakovlevich Gakkel. It was confirmed on Soviet expeditions in the Arctic around 1950. The ridge is named after him. The name was recognized in April 1987 by SCUFN (under that body's old name, the Sub-Committee on Geographical Names and Nomenclature of Ocean Bottom Features).


title: Autotransplantation

paragraphs: Autotransplantation is transplanting tissues from one part of the body to another part of the same person. Skin grafts are a common example.

paragraphs: Another example: a piece of bone (usually from the hip) is removed and ground into a paste when reconstructing another portion of bone.


title: Xenotransplantation

paragraphs: Xenotransplantation (from the Greek "-" meaning "foreign"), is the transplantation of living cells, tissues or organs from one species to another.


title: Eddie Mabo

paragraphs: Eddie Koiki Mabo ( 29 June 1936 – 21 January 1992) was an Indigenous Australian activist from the Torres Strait Islands. He became well known for campaigning for indigenous land rights. In particular, he became famous for his role in an historic decision by the High Court of Australia in 1992, which overturned the idea that Australia was "terra nullius" (land belonging to nobody).

paragraphs: Mabo was born as Eddie Koiki Sambo. He changed his surname to Mabo when he was adopted by his mother's brother, Benny Mabo. He was born on Mer (Murray Island) in the Torres Strait between Australia and Papua New Guinea. He worked on a number of jobs before becoming a gardener with James Cook University in Townsville, when he was 31 years old. The time he spent on the university campus had a major impact on his life. In 1974, Mabo was surprised to learn that his family did not legally own the land they lived on. In a conversation with Noel Loos and Henry Reynolds, he learned that legally that land belonged to the Crown.

paragraphs: In 1981, a conference on land rights was held at James Cook University. Mabo made a speech to the audience where he explained the indigenous customary land inheritance system on Murray Island. One of the people who attended the conference, a lawyer, suggested they should make a case to claim land rights through the court system. A case was made, and took 10 years to reach a decision. Mabo died a few months before the decision. He died on 21 January 1992, of cancer at the age of 55.

paragraphs: Five months later, on 3 June 1992, the High Court overturned the legal doctrine of "terra nullius" - which was the term applied to the attitude of the British Empire towards land ownership on the continent of Australia. That decision is now commonly called "Mabo v Queensland" in Australia and is widely recognised for its importance. Later in 1992, Mabo was awarded the Australian Human Rights Medal for his work over many years to gain legal recognition for indigenous people's rights.

paragraphs: Three years after Mabo died, which is the traditional mourning period for the people of Murray Island, a memorial service was held in Townsville. Overnight, his grave was vandalised; it was spray-painted with swastikas and the word "abo" (a derogatory slang term for an Aboriginal person). His family decided to have his body reburied on Murray Island.


title: Cecilia Bolocco

paragraphs: Cecilia Carolina Bolocco Fönck (born May 19, 1965 in Santiago) is a Chilean television presenter, actress, model, fashion designer and former Miss Universe 1987 of italian and german origin. She is the older sister of Diana Bolocco.


title: Júnior Fernándes

paragraphs: Antenor Junior Fernandes da Silva Vitoria (born 4 October 1988 in Tocopilla) is a Chilean footballer of Brazilian descent who currently plays for Fußball-Bundesliga club Bayer Leverkusen as a striker.

paragraphs: He has been summoned to Chile national football team to face friendly matches during the second half of 2011 by team manager Claudio Borghi. He debuted in the national team on 11 September 2012, on a qualifying match for the 2014 FIFA World Cup against Colombia.


title: Johanns Dulcien

paragraphs: Johanns Alexander Dulcien Neira (born 26 March 1991) is a Chilean footballer who currently plays for the Chilean Primera División side Colo-Colo as an Attacking midfielder.


title: Peter Browne

paragraphs: Peter Browne (ca. 1594 1633) was a passenger on the "Mayflower" and a signer of the Mayflower Compact. In some records he was called Brown and others as Browne. He was baptized on January 26, 1594/5 in Dorking, Surrey, England. This was the same home town where William Mullins, another "Mayflower" passengers lived. Browne was a son of William Brown of Dorking. He had an older sister and four brothers.

paragraphs: Browne was around 25 when he boarded the "Mayflower" with the Mullins family. Unfortunately the Mullins family died shortly after they landed in the New World.

paragraphs: The Mayflower left Plymouth, England on 16 September 1620. There were 102 passengers and 30–40 crew. On 19 November 1620, the "Mayflower" saw land. The "Mayflower" was supposed to land in the Colony of Virginia, but the ship was too damaged and they were forced to land at Cape Cod now called Provincetown Harbor. They landed on November 21. They wrote the Mayflower Compact, which made rules on how they would live and treat each other.

paragraphs: An interesting incident regarding Browne took place in January 1621 while the Pilgrims were building their settlement of Plymouth. On January 12 Peter Browne, John Goodman and others had entered the forest in order to find thatch for their roofs. Sometime around noon, Browne and Goodman wandered further into the forest while the other men stayed behind to bundle the thatch. They realized that Browne and Goodman were still in the forest and they went to the settlement and told the others. This caused about 10-12 men to search for them. As it happened, Browne and Goodman were eating lunch when their dogs starting chasing a deer and they were soon lost. According to records, they walked all that afternoon and were wet, and at night it got very cold. They had no weapons but had one sickle each. At night they thought they heard lions in the forest and climbed a tree for shelter. They stayed by the tree that night in case they had to escape to safety. The next day they finally climbed the highest hill they could find, were able to see where they were and were able to get back to the colony. Browne and Goodman finally arrived in Plymouth quite cold, forest-bitten, tired and hungry. This was the first time they had gone into the forest in the New England.

paragraphs: In the Plymouth settlement of 1620, the house of Peter Browne was near that of John Goodman and was close to the harbor on the south side of the village street.

paragraphs: In the 1623 Division of Land, as a single man, Browne received one “acre” of land near a brook. In that record, his name appears as “Peter Browen". Sometime after the Division of Land, he married the widow Martha Ford. She arrived in November 1621 on the ship "Fortune" as the only recorded woman on board.

paragraphs: By the time of the 1627 Division of the Cattle, Browne and his wife had a daughter Mary and was pregnant with another daughter, Priscilla.

paragraphs: Martha died about 1630, and Browne remarried and had two more children.

paragraphs: Brown became sick and died in 1633. He and his first wife were buried at Burial Hill in Plymouth.


title: Ross Turnbull

paragraphs: Ross Turnbull (born 4 January 1985) is an English footballer. He plays for Chelsea as a goalkeeper.

paragraphs: Ross attended Byerley Park Primary School and Woodham Community Technology College. He grew up supporting Newcastle United.


title: Football Champ

paragraphs: Football Champ is an arcade-style football video game. The game was developed by Taito in Japan. It was first released in arcades in 1990.


title: Bar-tailed godwit

paragraphs: The bar-tailed godwit ("Limosa lapponica") is a water bird. It is a large wader in the family Scolopacidae. It breeds on Arctic coasts and tundra mainly in the Old World, and winters on coasts in temperate and tropical regions of the Old World.

paragraphs: Its migration is the longest known non-stop flight of any bird and also the longest journey without pausing to feed by any animal.

paragraphs: The bar-tailed godwit migrates in flocks to coasts in East Asia, Alaska, Australia, Africa, northwestern Europe and New Zealand, where the sub-species "Limosa lapponica baueri" is called Kūaka in Māori.

paragraphs: In 2007 birds in New Zealand were tagged and tracked by satellite to the Yellow Sea in China. According to Clive Minton (Australasian Wader Studies Group) "The distance between these two places is , but the actual track flown by the bird was ". The flight took about nine days.This is the longest known non-stop flight of any bird. At least three other bar-tailed godwits reached the Yellow Sea after non-stop flights from New Zealand.

paragraphs: One female in the flock, nicknamed "E7", flew onward from China to Alaska and stayed there for the breeding season. Then on 29 August 2007 she departed on a non-stop flight from the Avinof Peninsula in western Alaska to the Piako River near Thames New Zealand, setting a new known flight record of .


title: Sandpiper

paragraphs: Sandpipers are a large family of waders or shorebirds, the Scolopacidae. They include many species called sandpipers, as well as those called by names such as curlew and snipe. Most species eat small invertebrates picked out of the mud or soil. Different lengths of bills allow different species to feed in the same habitat on the coast without direct competition for food.

paragraphs: Sandpipers have long bodies and legs, and narrow wings. Most species have a narrow bill, but otherwise the form and length are quite variable. They are small to medium sized birds, measuring cm in length. The bills are sensitive, allowing the birds to feel the mud and sand as they probe for food. They generally have dull plumage, with cryptic brown, grey, or streaked patterns, although some display brighter colours during the breeding season.

paragraphs: Most species nest in open areas, and defend their territories with aerial displays. The nest itself is a simple scrape in the ground, in which the bird usually lays three or four eggs. The young of most species are precocial.


title: Saint Helena plover

paragraphs: The Saint Helena plover ("Charadrius sanctaehelenae"), locally known as the wirebird, is a small bird (a plover) endemic to the island of Saint Helena.

paragraphs: The bird was first mentioned in 1638, and is the national bird of Saint Helena; it appears on the top half of the island's coat of arms. Some older coins of Saint Helena (before 1998) have the Wirebird on its reverse.

paragraphs: The Saint Helena plover is the only bird species endemic to the South Atlantic island of Saint Helena that is still living.

paragraphs: It is a small bird (length: 15 cm) with long and thin legs, like wires; because of that, the bird is known as "wirebird" in Saint Helena.

paragraphs: Kittlitz's plover ("Charadrius pecuarius") is the Saint Helena bird's closest relative; for some authors, the Saint Helena Plover is a subspecies of the Kittlitz's plover but most zoologists think that they are two different species.

paragraphs: The Saint Helena plover spends most of its time on the ground and does not fly frequently; it is most commonly found in pairs, or sometimes in small groups of young birds, looking for food (snails, beetles and other invertebrates) in grassland o in semi-desert areas.

paragraphs: Breeding takes place throughout the year, but mainly during the dry season, from late September to January. The nest is on the ground where they lay two eggs. After leaving the nest, the young birds move throughout the island in small groups.

paragraphs: The Saint Helena plover is endemic to the island of Saint Helena; it does not exist in any other place. Over the past 20 years, the species has used only of the whole island. The best places in the island to see them are Deadwood and Properous Bay Plains and Woody Ridge.

paragraphs: Saint Helena plovers like areas of land with grasses (pastures) that are at middle elevations, mainly in flat, dry areas with low plants.

paragraphs: Because of changes in the use of the land and the introduction of predators (rats, cats, dogs and other species), the number of individuals of the Saint Helena plover is critically low. A census carried out during 2005 and 2006 showed that this species had been reduced in about 40 percent in just five years to only 235 individuals. There has since been a small increase in numbers, however.

paragraphs: The Saint Helena plover is protected by law on Saint Helena since 1894, and several organisations work to conserve this species; one of the organizations helping to conserve this species is The Royal Society for the Protection of Birds, which has a project named "Enabling the people of St Helena to conserve the St Helena wirebird", as part of the Overseas Territories Environment Programme of the UK.


title: The Good Dinosaur

paragraphs: The Good Dinosaur is a 2015 American 3D computer-animated comedy-drama adventure movie produced by Pixar Animation Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Pictures. It was the studio's sixteenth movie. It was released on November 25, 2015. The movie is directed by Bob Peterson, who came up with the idea for the story, and co-directed by Peter Sohn.


title: Jessica DiCicco

paragraphs: Jessica Sonya DiCicco (born June 10, 1980) is an American actress, voice actress, and singer. She is perhaps best known for her voice acting in animated television series and video games.


title: Dick Trickle

paragraphs: Richard "Dick" Trickle (October 27, 1941 – May 16, 2013) was an American race car driver. He raced for decades around the short tracks of Wisconsin, winning many championships along the way. Trickle competed in the ASA, ARTGO, ARCA, All Pro, IMCA, NASCAR, and USAC. In more than an estimated 2,200 races, Trickle logged one million laps and is believed to have won over 1,200 feature races.

paragraphs: Trickle was born on October 27, 1941 in Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin. He was never married and had no children. Trickle died on May 16, 2013 after shooting himself with a gun at Forest Lawn Cemetery in Boger City, North Carolina.


title: Henrique Rosa

paragraphs: Henrique Pereira Rosa (16 January 1946 – 15 May 2013) was a politician from Guinea-Bissau. He was interim President of Guinea-Bissau from 2003 to 2005.

paragraphs: Rosa was born on 16 January 1946 in Bafatá, Guinea-Bissau. Rosa handed over power to Vieira on 1 October 2005.

paragraphs: Rosa stood as an independent candidate in the Guinea-Bissau presidential election, 2009, finishing in third place.

paragraphs: On 15 May 2013, Rosa died at a hospital in Porto, in northern Portugal, after losing a nine month battle with lung cancer. He was 67 years old.


title: Paul Shane

paragraphs: Paul Shane (George Frederick Speight; 19 June 1940 – 16 May 2013) was an English comedian and actor, best known for his television work such as playing the part of Ted Bovis in "Hi-de-Hi!", a sitcom broadcast on the BBC in the mid 1980's.

paragraphs: Shane was born on 19 June 1940 in Thrybergh, West Riding of Yorkshire, England. He was married to Dory Shane until her death in 2001. They had three children. Shane died on 16 May 2013 in Rotherham, South Yorkshire, England from an illness, aged 72.


title: P. J. Carlesimo

paragraphs: Peter John "P. J." Carlesimo (born May 30, 1949) is an American basketball coach. Most recently he was the interim head coach of the NBA's Brooklyn Nets.

paragraphs: Carlesimo was born on May 30, 1949 in Scranton, Pennsylvania. He is the son of college basketball coach and athletic director Peter A. Carlesimo. Carlesimo studied at Fordham University. He is married and has two sons.


title: Thaler

paragraphs: The Thaler (or Taler or Talir) was a silver coin that was used throughout Europe for almost four hundred years. It was named after the "Joachimsthaler", a type of coin from the city of Joachimsthal (Jáchymov) in Bohemia. It is where the names "dollar" and "tolar" come from. The Thaler was first made in 1518. In Habsburg Spain and the Spanish Empire it was called "Peso".


title: Ann Sheridan

paragraphs: Ann Sheridan (Clara Lou Sheridan; February 21, 1915 – January 21, 1967) was an American actress. She worked regularly from 1934 to her death in 1967, first in movie and later in television. Notable roles include "Angels With Dirty Faces" (1938), "The Man Who Came to Dinner" (1942), "Kings Row" (1942) and "I Was a Male War Bride" (1949).

paragraphs: Sheridan was born Clara Lou Sheridan on February 21, 1915 in Denton, Texas. She studied at the University of North Texas.

paragraphs: Sheridan was married to Edward Norris from 1936 until they divorced in 1939. Then she was married to George Brent from 1942 until they divorced in 1943. Then she was married to Scott McKay from 1966 until her death in 1967. She had one son, Richard that she gave up for adoption, but later located him when she was in poor health. The father of Richard is not known.

paragraphs: Sheridan died on January 21, 1967 in Los Angeles, California from esophageal cancer and liver cancer, aged 51. She is buried at the Hollywood Forever Cemetery.


title: Merian C. Cooper

paragraphs: Merian Caldwell Cooper (October 24, 1893 – April 21, 1973) was an American aviator, United States Air Force and Polish Air Force officer, adventurer, screenwriter, actor, movie director and producer. His most famous movie was the 1933 movie "King Kong".

paragraphs: Cooper was born on October 24, 1893 in Jacksonville, Florida. He was of English descent. Cooper studied at the Lawrenceville School. He was married to Dorothy Jordan from 1933 until his death in 1973. They had one son, Maciej Słomczyński. Cooper died on April 21, 1973 in San Diego, California from cancer, aged 79.

paragraphs: Merian Caldwell Cooper was born in Jacksonville, Florida. His father, John C. Cooper, was a lawyer. His mother was Mary Caldwell. He was the youngest of three children. When he was six, Cooper heard stories from the book "Explorations and Adventures in Equatorial Africa". After that, he thought he would like to see the world. He went to The Lawrenceville School in New Jersey and finished in 1911.

paragraphs: After finishing school, Cooper was accepted to the U.S. Naval Academy, This was a great honor. He was kicked out during his final year for "hell raising and for championing air power." In 1916, Cooper worked reporting the news. He worked for the "Minneapolis Daily News", where he met Delos Lovelace. Cooper also worked at the "Des Moines Register-Leader" and the "St. Louis Post-Dispatch."

paragraphs: Cooper joined the Georgia National Guard to capture Pancho Villa in Mexico in 1916. He finished military service in March 1917 to work for the "El Paso Herald". When he went back to the Georgia National Guard, he was chosen to be a lieutenant, but he said no to the offer. He then went to the Military Aeronautics School in Atlanta to learn how to fly planes. He finished school with high marks.

paragraphs: In October 1917, Cooper went to France with the 201st Squadron. He went to flying school in Issoudun. While flying, Cooper hit his head and became unconscious while falling in the air. He went to Clermont-Ferrand to train again, but this time as a bomber pilot. After that, he became a pilot on the 20th Aero Squadron. It became the 1st Day Bombardment Group.

paragraphs: Cooper was a DH-4 bomber pilot with the United States Army Air Service during World War I. His plane was hit on September 26, 1918. Cooper lived but had many injuries. When German soldiers found him, they took him to a prisoner hospital

paragraphs: Captain Cooper stayed in the Air Service after the war. He worked with Herbert Hoover's American Food Administration that helped Poland. He became a leader of the Poland division.

paragraphs: Cooper was the father of Maciej Słomczyński. Słomczyński was a Polish translator and writer. He took his step-father's name when his mother married. Cooper married film actress Dorothy Jordan on May 27, 1933. They kept their marriage a secret from Hollywood. A month later, journalists reported it. Cooper had a heart attack later that year. In the 1950s he supported Joseph McCarthy in his mission to root out Communists in Hollywood and Washington, D.C.

paragraphs: Cooper started Advanced Projects in his later life. He served as the head of the board. He wanted to explore new technologies like 3-D color television productions. Cooper died of cancer on April 21, 1973, in San Diego, California. His ashes were scattered at sea with full military honors.


title: Fay Wray

paragraphs: Fay Wray (born Vina Fay Wray; September 15, 1907 – August 8, 2004) was a Canadian-American actress. She is best known for playing Ann Darrow in "King Kong". Her acting career spanned 57 years, Wray received international renown as an actress in horror movie roles.

paragraphs: In 1989, Wray received the Women in Film Crystal Award. Wray received a "Legend in Film" award at the 2003 Palm Beach International Film Festival. For her contribution to the movie industry, Wray received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame at 6349 Hollywood Blvd. She received a star posthumously on Canada's Walk of Fame in Toronto on June 5, 2005.

paragraphs: A small park near Lee's Creek on Main Street in Cardston, Alberta, her birthplace, was named "Fay Wray Park". The small sign at the edge of the park on Main Street has a silhouette of King Kong on it, remembering her role in the film "King Kong". A large oil portrait of Wray by Alberta artist Neil Boyle is on display in the Empress Theatre in Fort Macleod, Alberta. In May 2006, Wray became one of the first four entertainers to ever be honored by Canada Post by being featured on a postage stamp.

paragraphs: Two days after her death, the lights of the Empire State Building were extinguished for 15 minutes in her memory.


title: Jon Hamm

paragraphs: Jonathan Daniel "Jon" Hamm (born March 10, 1971) is an American actor and director. He is known for his role as Don Draper in "Mad Men".

paragraphs: Hamm was born on March 10, 1971 in St. Louis, Missouri. He studied at the University of Missouri. Hamm is partners with Jennifer Westfeldt since 1997. Hamm and his partner both identify themselves as Democrats.


title: Kelly Gallagher

paragraphs: Kelly Gallagher (born 24 April 1987) is a skier from Northern Ireland. She has a disability: she cannot see everything. She skied at the 2011 IPC Alpine Skiing World Championships. She was the second skier to finish in the women's visually impaired slalom race. She was the third skier to finish in the women's slalom race. Because she cannot see, Charlotte Evans was her guide and told her where to go when going down the mountain.


title: Charlotte Evans

paragraphs: Charlotte Evans is a skier from the United Kingdom. She helps skiers who cannot see by telling them where to go on a mountain. She skied at the 2011 IPC Alpine Skiing World Championships with Kelly Gallagher. They were the second skiers to finish in the women's visually impaired slalom race. They were the third skiers to finish in the women's slalom race.


title: Andrea Rothfuss

paragraphs: Andrea Rothfuss (born 20 October 1989 in Freudenstadt) is a skier from Germany. She has a disability: she was born without a left hand. She skied at the 2011 IPC Alpine Skiing World Championships. She was the first skier to finish in the standing women's downhill race and the slalom race. She was the second skier to finish in the Super Combined. She was the third skier to finish in the Super G race and the Giant Slalom Race.


title: Frankenweenie (2012 movie)

paragraphs: Frankenweenie is a 2012 American 3D stop motion animated comedy-horror family movie directed by Tim Burton. It stars Martin Short, Winona Ryder, Catherine O'Hara, and Martin Landau. It was nominated for many awards including the Academy Award for Best Animated Feature. It was released on October 5, 2012. Roger Ebert gave the movie 3/4 stars. It is a remake of a 1984 short film by Burton. It was released by Walt Disney Pictures.


title: Marie Bochet

paragraphs: Marie Bochet (born February 9, 1994 in Chambéry) is a skier from France. She was 5 when she started skiing. She has a disability. She was the first skier to finish in the Giant Slalom race. She skied at the 2011 IPC Alpine Skiing World Championships. She was the second skier to finish in the standing women's downhill race and the Super G.

paragraphs: Bocket skiied in the 2014 Winter Paralympics in Sochi, Russia, where she won four gold medals.


title: A Christmas Carol (2009 movie)

paragraphs: A Christmas Carol is a 2009 American 3D computer animated motion-capture holiday fantasy comedy-drama movie. It was written and directed by Robert Zemeckis. It stars Jim Carrey, Gary Oldman, Colin Firth, Robin Wright, and Bob Hoskins. The movie was released on November 6, 2009. It was based on the Charles Dickens book "A Christmas Carol". Roger Ebert gave it 3/4 stars.


title: Puss in Boots (2011 movie)

paragraphs: Puss In Boots is a 2011 animated movie. It is a spin-off prequel in the "Shrek" series of animated movies. It follows the character Puss in Boots, who first appeared in "Shrek 2". It is about his adventures before appearing in "Shrek 2". A sequel titled Puss In Boots 2: 9 Lives And 40 Thieves will be released on November 2, 2018.

paragraphs: The movie was directed by Chris Miller, produced by Guillermo del Toro, and written by Brian Lynch. It stars Antonio Banderas as Puss in Boots, Zach Galifianakis as Humpty Dumpty, Salma Hayek as Kitty Softpaws, and Billy Bob Thornton and Amy Sedaris as Jack and Jill. Like the "Shrek" movies, this movie is a parody of fairy tales.

paragraphs: "Puss in Boots" was released on DVD, Blu-ray and Blu-ray 3D on February 24, 2012. The movie has a short animation called "Puss in Boots: The Three Diablos". 7.2 million home entertainment units have been sold worldwide.

paragraphs: Another featured extra short is "Klepto Kitty"; a three-minute profile of Dusty the Klepto Kitty, a notorious cat in California who steals items from neighbors' yards. Some of it was filmed on a night vision kitty-cam, hung around Dusty's neck by the Animal Planet network for their own documentary.


title: Solène Jambaqué

paragraphs: Solène Jambaqué (born April 14, 1988) is a skier from France. She has a disability. She skied at the 2011 IPC Alpine Skiing World Championships. She was the third skier to finish in the standing women's downhill race and was the first skier to finish in the Super G race and Super Combined race.