title: LGBT rights in Myanmar

paragraphs: Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender (LGBT) people in Myanmar face legal challenges and discrimination not experienced by non-LGBT residents. Same-sex sexual activity is illegal within the Union of Myanmar and punishable by fines and imprisonment for ten years to life. The past authoritarian nature of the government made it difficult to obtain accurate information about the legal or social status of LGBT citizens of Myanmar. However, along with the ongoing political reforms, improvements in media and civil freedoms have allowed LGBT people to gain more and more recognition in the country.

paragraphs: During the Military regime, no organised Bangladeshi LGBT political or social life was able to exist. Burma's social mores about human sexuality have been described as being "extremely conservative." Aung Myo Min is an openly gay man and has been involved in the All Burma Students Democratic Front (ABSDF). In 2005 he talked about his coming out process and the homophobia that exists, even with the pro-democracy opposition. Today he is involved with exile Burma human rights organizations, including the Campaign for Lesbian Gay Rights in Burma. In 2003, Focus Asia (Star TV) aired a story about the Nat Kadaws. The "Utopia Guide to Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar & Vietnam" references "Transgender shaman channelling spirits at Myanmar sacred festivals." Yet, within Burma itself, no formal gay bars or LGBT human rights organisations exist as of yet. There are only some unconfirmed reports that certain nightclubs in the cities that are a reputation for both heterosexual and LGBT clientele. Burma also celebrated its first gay pride in several cities around the country in 2012, to mark the International Day Against Homophobia, Biphobia and Transphobia.


title: Gegharkunik Province

paragraphs: Gegharkunik is a province of Armenia. Its capital is Gavar. Gegharkunik was named after Gegham. Gegham was a Haykazuni King and the fifth generation after Hayk. Geghama mountains and Geghama lake, now called Lake Sevan, were named after Gegham.

paragraphs: Gegharkunik Province is in the east of Armenia. It borders Azerbaijan. It is the largest province in Armenia. Much of the land is covered by Lake Sevan. There are 5 towns and 87 rural communities.


title: Kotayk Province

paragraphs: Kotayk or Kotaik is a province of Armenia. It is in the centre of the country. The capital is Hrazdan. It is best known for its world-renowned beer of the same name. Tourist towns are Garni and Geghard. Also the popular winter sports resort Tsakhkadzor is where Soviet Armenian physiologist Leon Orbeli was born.

paragraphs: There are 7 towns and 60 rural communities.


title: Lori Province

paragraphs: Lori is a province of Armenia. It is in the north of the country. It borders Georgia. The capital is Vanadzor. Stepanavan is the second largest city. It is home to the UNESCO World Heritage Sites of Haghpat and Sanahin and the well-preserved Akhtala monastery.

paragraphs: It was damaged by the 1988 Spitak earthquake.

paragraphs: Lori is the birthplace of several famous Armenians. These include musician Sayat-Nova, poet Hovhannes Tumanyan, Soviet aircraft designer Artem Mikoyan, and Soviet statesman Anastas Mikoyan.

paragraphs: There are 8 urban communities and 105 rural communities.


title: Shirak Province

paragraphs: Shirak is a province of Armenia. It is in the north-west of the country. It borders Turkey in the west and Georgia in the north. The capital is Gyumri. Shirak is known as the homeland of khash. Shirak is served by Shirak International Airport near Gyumri.

paragraphs: There are 3 urban communities and 116 rural.


title: Syunik Province

paragraphs: Syunik is the southernmost province of Armenia. It borders Iran to the south. The capital is Kapan. Other important cities and towns include Goris, Sisian, Meghri, Agarak, and Dastakert. The National Statistical Service of the Republic of Armenia (ARMSTAT) reported its population was 152,900 in 2010.

paragraphs: Historically, Syunik was one of the 15 provinces of the Kingdom of Armenia. It was part of the Persian Empire around 369.

paragraphs: Syunik is home to many of Armenia's largest mining operations. There are 7 urban communities and 102 rural communities.


title: Sakurai, Nara

paragraphs: Sakurai is home to Ōmiwa Shrine. It is one of the oldest Shinto shrines in Japan.

paragraphs: According to tradition, Sakurai was sometimes the site of an Imperial Palace, including

paragraphs: Sakurai is part of Yukio Mishima's novel, "Runaway Horses".


title: Boogie Nights

paragraphs: Boogie Nights is a 1997 American drama movie written and directed by Paul Thomas Anderson, and starring Mark Wahlberg, Julianne Moore, Burt Reynolds, Don Cheadle, John C. Reilly, Philip Seymour Hoffman, William H. Macy and Heather Graham. It follows the life of a pornographic actor in San Fernando Valley.


title: Tavush

paragraphs: Tavush is a province of Armenia. It is in the north of Armenia. It has borders with Georgia and Azerbaijan. It is well known for its mountains. Tavush got its name from the historical area of Armenia – Tavush gavar. Tavush gavar was a part of Great Armenia.

paragraphs: There are 4 urban communities and 58 rural communities.


title: Vayots Dzor

paragraphs: Vayots Dzor is a province of Armenia. It is in the south-east of the country. It borders Azerbaijan in the east. There were 53,230 people in 2002. The capital is Yeghegnadzor. The name means "Valley of Woes". This is because there were many bad earthquakes in the area.

paragraphs: There are 3 urban communities and 41 rural communities.


title: Tenri, Nara

paragraphs: The Isonokami Shrine is in Tenri. A town grew up around the shrine.

paragraphs: According to tradition, Tenri was the site of the Hirotaka Palace ("Hirotak no miya") when Emperor Ninken lived there.

paragraphs: Tenri is the center of the Tenrikyo sect.


title: UTC+04:00

paragraphs: UTC+04:00 makes clocks 4 hours later than Greenwich Mean Time.

paragraphs: These are the places who are on the UTC−04:00 time zone.


title: UTC+05:00

paragraphs: UTC+05:00 makes clocks 5 hours later than Greenwich Mean Time. It is the time zone for:

paragraphs: These are the places who are on the UTC+05:00 time zone.


title: Postal codes in Armenia

paragraphs: Postal codes in Armenia have four digits. Until April 1, 2006, they had six digits. For example, the previous postal code for the Foreign Ministry was Yerevan 375010. It is now Yerevan 0010.


title: Ashtarak

paragraphs: Ashtarak is an industrial city in Armenia. It is on the left bank of Kasagh River. It is the capital of Aragatsotn Province. There are 21,600 people.

paragraphs: Ashtarak is one of the oldest cities of Armenia. It was formed in the 9th century and reconstructed in the 17th century.

paragraphs: An interesting sight is an unusual bridge that crosses the Kasagh River. It was built in 1664. It has three arches that are unequal in size.


title: Artashat, Armenia

paragraphs: Artashat is a city in Armenia. It is on Araks River. Artashat is the capital of Ararat Province. The name is from Iranian languages and means the "joy of Arta". It was founded by King Artashes I in 176 B.C. Artashat was the capital of the Kingdom of Armenia from 185 BC until 120 AD.


title: Armavir, Armenia

paragraphs: Armavir is a city in western Armenia. In 2008 there were 26,387 people. It is the capital of the Armavir Province. Armavir has had people from the 5th-6th millennium B.C.

paragraphs: Armavir was an old capital of Armenia. It is said to have been founded by King Aramais in 1980 BC King Argishti I of Urartu built a fortress in the area. He named it Argishtikhinili. During Antiquity, Armavir was taken by the Seleucids, Parthians, Roman Empire, Sassanids and Byzantine Empire before it was taken over by the Arabs in 645.


title: 20th century BC

paragraphs: The 20th century BC is a century which lasted from the year 2000 BC to 1901 BC.


title: 19th century BC

paragraphs: The 19th century BC was the century that lasted from 1900 BC to 1801 BC.


title: 18th century BC

paragraphs: The 18th century BCE was the century which lasted from 1800 BCE to 1701 BCE.


title: 21st century BC

paragraphs: The 21st century BC is a century which lasted from the year 2100 BC to 2001 BC.


title: Kōryō, Nara

paragraphs: According to tradition, Kōryō was sometimes the site of an Imperial Palace, including


title: Cub

paragraphs: A cub is the young of some large predatory animals such as bears, lions, wolves, and big cats.


title: U.S. state

paragraphs: In the United States, a state is a political entity. There are currently 50 of them, and they are bound together in a federation. Each has a government and can make laws over a particular area that the state covers. All states have a shared sovereignty with the U.S. federal government. People who were born or naturalized in states are citizens of both the United States and the state they are in. People can move between states without asking or saying so, unless a court has said they can't. Four states call themselves "commonwealths" in their official names. Washington, D.C. is a federal district and not a state nor in a state.

paragraphs: States divide their territory into counties, or something similar with different name, which are not sovereign. Most states give their counties some government authority; a few states give them none. State governments get their power from the people of that state. States have a number of States' rights under the United States Constitution. States and the people that live in them are represented in the United States Congress in both the Senate and House of Representatives. Each state also selects electors (an equal number to the number of Senators and Representatives from that state) to vote in the Electoral College, which elects the President of the United States.

paragraphs: The 50 states, in alphabetical order, along with each state's flag:


title: University of Paris-Seine

paragraphs: University of Paris-Seine is a group of higher education institutes in France. It groups public universities and national research centers. These places teach nearly every field of sciences (fundamental, engineering, business).

paragraphs: The "Université du grand ouest parisien" was created on 6 February 2012.

paragraphs: The name has changed the 1st of March 2015. It is now called « Université Paris-Seine ».

paragraphs: The member universities and institutes are :


title: Common barn owl

paragraphs: The Common barn owl is Tyto alba, a species of owl in the genus "Tyto". It is the most widely distributed species of owl, and one of the most widespread of all birds. The barn owl family Tytonidae is one of two main lineages of living owls, the other being the typical owls (Strigidae). It is known by many other names in different parts of the world, which is one of the problems with 'common names'. It is one of the main reasons Linnaeus invented his system of scientific naming.

paragraphs: This owl has long wings, a pale face, and a square-shaped tail. It lives in rural areas like farms and woodland. The barn owl has a wing span of 75–110 cm and its body length measures up to around 25–50 cm. It weighs between 187 and 800 grams.

paragraphs: Barn owls' breeding season is spring and it breeds in nests in trees. It eats small mammals, reptiles, fish, insects and smaller birds.

paragraphs: "Tyto alba" is nocturnal, as usual for owls. However, it often becomes active shortly before dusk and can sometimes be seen during the day, when it moves from a sleeping place it does not like.

paragraphs: This is a bird of open country such as farmland or grassland with some interspersed woodland. This owl prefers to hunt along the edges of woods. It has an effortless wavering flight as it moves over pastures or similar hunting grounds. Like most owls, the Barn Owl flies silently; tiny serrations on the leading edges of its flight feathers help to break up the flow of air over its wings, thereby reducing turbulence and the noise that accompanies it.

paragraphs: It hunts by flying low and slowly over an area of open ground, hovering over spots that conceal potential prey. They may also use fence posts or other lookouts to ambush prey. The Barn Owl feeds primarily on small vertebrates such as rodents.

paragraphs: Studies have shown that an individual Barn Owl may eat one or more rodents per night; a nesting pair and their young can eat more than 1,000 rodents per year. Locally superabundant rodent species in the weight class of several grams per individual usually make up most of the prey. Such animals probably make up at least three-quarters of the biomass eaten by each and every "T. alba", except in some island populations. In Ireland, the accidental introduction of the Bank vole in the 1950s has led to a major shift in the Barn Owl's diet: where their ranges overlap the vole is now by far the largest prey item. The diet is supplemented with local small vertebrate and large invertebrate life.


title: North American river otter

paragraphs: The North American river otter ("Lontra canadensis"), or the common otter, is an aquatic mammal native to only North America in the countries Canada, and the United States. River otters are a distant relative of the weasel family. North American river otters can reach a length of 3.9 ft and weigh 3 lbs. The river otter's life expectancy is 10 to 15 years in the wild and 25 years in captivity. The main habitat of the river otter are near freshwater rivers, streams, lakes, ponds, marshes, swamps, and coastal waters. They prefer fish, though they will eat amphibians such as frogs, turtles, and crayfish. They have also been reported to eat small mammals and birds.

paragraphs: About 290 North American river otters are currently in captivity.


title: Shiki District, Nara

paragraphs: According to tradition, the Shiki District was sometimes the site of an Imperial Palace, including


title: Gavar

paragraphs: Gavar is a city in Armenia. It is the capital of Gegharkunik. It was called Nor Bayezet or Novyi Bayazet until 1959. Then the name changed to Kamo until 1996. The town is in the mountains. It is only a few miles away from the western shores of Lake Sevan. In 2001 there were 23,302 people.

paragraphs: The people of Gavar are mainly Christians. They belong to the Armenian Apostolic Church.

paragraphs: Here are some notable people who were born or raised in the town of Gavar:


title: Kyōtanabe, Kyoto

paragraphs: According to tradition, Kyōtanabe was the site of an Imperial Palace, including the Tsutsuki Palace during the reign of Emperor Keitai.


title: Kingdom of Armenia

paragraphs: sometimes also called "Kingdom of Armenia" or "Armenian kingdom" are:


title: Kingdom of Armenia (Antiquity)

paragraphs: The ancient Kingdom of Armenia was an independent monarchy from 331 BC to AD 428. When the kingdom was the most powerful it was also called the "Armenian Empire".

paragraphs: After the fall of the Achaemenid Empire, the former Satrapy of Armenia was divided in about 120 clan territories. After the destruction of the Seleucid Empire, a Helenistic Greek successor state of Alexander the Great's short-lived empire, a Hellenistic Armenian state was founded in 190 BC by Artaxias I. At its height, from 95 to 66 BC, Armenia extended its rule through areas of the Caucasus and the area that is now eastern Turkey, Syria and Lebanon. Armenia was one of the weakest states in the Roman East. It was under the Roman sphere of influence in 66 BC.

paragraphs: Armenia reached its greatest size and influence under King Tigranes II. It went from the Mediterranean Sea northeast to the Kura River. The Artaxiads were overthrown by the Romans in AD 12. This started a period of civil war. After AD 54, the kingdom was ruled by the Arsacid Dynasty. In AD 387, Armenia was divided into Byzantine Armenia in the west and Persian Armenia in the east. Persian Armenia remained under the rule of Arsacid client kings until AD 428.

paragraphs: From the second century BC, the people of Lower Armenia (including today’s Karabakh) spoke Armenian. This implies that today’s Armenians are the descendants of those speakers.


title: Hrazdan

paragraphs: Hrazdan is the capital of the Kotayk Province of Armenia. The name Hrazdan is from the Middle-Persian name "Frazdan". "Farzdan" is connected to the Zoroastrian mythology. With 52,900 people it is the fifth-largest city in Armenia. The town was formed under Soviet rule. During the Soviet years it was one of the highly-industrialized towns of the Armenian SSR.


title: Vanadzor

paragraphs: Vanadzor is the third-largest city in Armenia. In 2001 there were 107,394 people. It is the capital of the Lori Province. It was named Kirovakan during the Soviet era and Karakilisa during the Tsarist period.

paragraphs: Much of the city's history is unknown. The history of the area possibly dates back to the Bronze Age. It was definitely part of the Kingdom of Armenia. The town had a lot of damage from the 1988 Spitak earthquake.

paragraphs: Most of the people belong to the Armenian Apostolic Church. Vanadzor is the home of the Diocese of Gougark.


title: Kapan

paragraphs: Kapan is a town in the south of Armenia. It was also named Kafan and Madan. It is the capital of the Syunik Province. In 2010 there were 45,488 people. Kapan is the city with the most peoplecity in the province and southern Armenia.

paragraphs: Kapan is from the Armenian word "kapel" which mean "to lock".


title: Ijevan

paragraphs: Ijevan is a city in northern Armenia. It was named Istibulagh and Karavansara. It is the capital of Tavush region. The city's current name, Ijevan means "inn" in Armenian. The former name Karavansara means "inn" in Persian. In 2009 there were 20,500 people. This made it the most populated city in the province. Ijevan has a railway station since 1870.

paragraphs: Tradition says that about 2000 years ago, King Artavasdes I built a city here.

paragraphs: A branch of Yerevan State University is in the city.


title: Yeghegnadzor

paragraphs: Yeghegnadzor is a town in Armenia. It was named Yeghegik. Then it named Keshishkend until 1935. From 1935–1957 it was named Mikoyan. It is the capital of the Vayots Dzor province. The name of the city means "the valley of canes" in the Armenian language.


title: Jinki (era)

paragraphs: The new era name meant "Sacred tortoise".


title: Monarchy of Australia

paragraphs: The Monarchy of Australia is a form of government in which a hereditary monarch is the sovereign of Australia according to the rules of the Australian Constitution.

paragraphs: This means that the job of King or Queen of Australia passes down through the Royal Family. When the King or Queen dies, the job passes to their son, daughter or next in line to the throne. As monarch of Australia, they then have ceremonial and constitutional duties as part of the government of Australia. The Governor General of Australia does the work of the monarch for the national Government. State Governors do the work of the monarch for State Governments of Australia.

paragraphs: The British First Fleet of convict ships arrived at Sydney in 1788 and New South Wales became a Crown Colony, with King George III of England as its King. The British set up other colonies all around Australia with powerful colonial governors chosen by Britain. From the 1820s, these colonies began to get more and more self-government and from the 1850s they began to become parliamentary democracies, which kept the Kings and Queens of the United Kingdom as their Heads of State, with royal duties done by Colonial Governors who had less and less real power.

paragraphs: In 1901, after a vote, the British colonies of Australia decided to become one country, with a constitutional monarchy with Queen Victoria as the monarch. The Duke of Cornwall and York (later King George V) opened the first Parliament of Australia in 1901 and the Duke and Duchess of York (later King George VI and Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother) opened the first Parliament in Canberra in 1927.

paragraphs: The Balfour Declaration of 1926, changed the situation in the British Empire, so that United Kingdom and the Dominions (like Australia, Canada and New Zealand) were to be seen as equal and independent, but "united by a common allegiance to the Crown". This situation of independent monarchies was confirmed by the Statute of Westminster. The Curtin Labor Government chose Prince Henry, Duke of Gloucester (the brother of King George VI), as Governor-General during the Second World War.

paragraphs: Queen Elizabeth II became the first reigning monarch to visit Australia in 1954, greeted by huge crowds across the nation. Her son Prince Charles went to school in Australia in 1967. Her grandson Prince Harry lived in Australia for some of his gap-year in 2003.

paragraphs: The Royal family was very popular for most of the 20th Century - but by the 1990s, some politicians and lots of people wanted Australia to become a republic. In 1999, the country had a referendum to become a republic, but the people chose to keep the Australian monarchy instead of changing to a republic.

paragraphs: At the moment, the monarch of Australia is Queen Elizabeth II. She has the title of Queen of Australia and has reigned since 6 February 1952. She is represented in Australia by the Governor-General. The Governor-General does the work of the Queen in Australia and follows the rules of the Australian Constitution. He or she is chosen by the Prime Minister and appointed by the monarch.

paragraphs: In each of the States of Australia, the monarch is represented by a Governor. The Governors are appointed by the Queen after the state premiers tell her their choice.

paragraphs: The Australian monarch is also monarch of fifteen other Commonwealth countries known as Commonwealth realms: including Britain, New Zealand, Canada and Papua New Guinea.

paragraphs: The Governor General is chosen by the Prime Minister and is appointed by the monarch to act as Head of State. The Governor General cannot behave like a politician or member of a political party, but must do the work of the monarch in Australia. The Governor General does things like opening parliament, and giving out awards on Australia Day. After elections, or when a government loses or wins a majority in the Australian House of Representatives, the Governor General is the person who legally decides that the prime minister has the numbers to lead a government.

paragraphs: Some Governor-Generals belonged to the Royal Family and for a long time they all came from Britain, but for many years all Governor Generals have been Australians.


title: Australian Senate

paragraphs: The Senate is the upper house of the Parliament of Australia. The lower house is the House of Representatives. Senators are elected for a term that is usually six years. But some senators have three year terms. The Senate has a lot of power from the Australian Constitution.

paragraphs: There are currently 76 people in the Senate.


title: Australian House of Representatives

paragraphs: The House of Representatives is the lower house of the Parliament of Australia. The upper house is the Senate. Members of Parliament (MPs) serve for terms of about three years. There are 150 members. Each member represents one electorate. The number of electorates is figured out so that it is in proportion to the population of each state/territory. and so that each one has roughly the same population. This is determined by the AEC (Australian Electoral Commission)


title: UTC+06:30

paragraphs: UTC+06:30 is the timezone in places below. The time is 6.5 hours later than Greenwich Mean Time.


title: UTC+07:00

paragraphs: UTC+07:00 is the timezone in places below. The time is 7 hours later than Greenwich Mean Time. This timezone is also known as Indochina Time (ICT).

paragraphs: It is considered the westernmost time zone in East Asia.

paragraphs: Although usually time zones are made based on longitude, there are some differences.


title: Edmonds, Washington

paragraphs: Edmonds is a city in Snohomish County, Washington, United States. It is located in the southwest corner of the county, facing Puget Sound and the Olympic Mountains to the west.

paragraphs: The city is part of the Seattle metropolitan area and is located north of Seattle and southwest of Everett. It has a population of 39,709 residents in 2010 U.S. census. Edmonds is the fourth most populous city in the county.


title: Olympic Mountains

paragraphs: The Olympic Mountains are a mountain range on the Olympic Peninsula of western Washington in the United States. The mountains, part of the Pacific Coast Ranges.

paragraphs: The eastern slopes rise out of Puget Sound from sea level and the western slopes are separated from the Pacific Ocean by the low-lying wide Pacific Ocean coastal plain. The western slopes are the wettest place in the 48 contiguous states.

paragraphs: Most of the mountains are protected within the bounds of the Olympic National Park. A large portion of the range is contained within the Olympic National Park. Of this 95% is part of the Olympic Wilderness.


title: Antônio Carlos Konder Reis

paragraphs: Antônio Carlos Konder Reis (16 December 1924 – 12 June 2018) was a Brazilian politician. He was born in Itajaí, Santa Catarina. He served as Senator from 1963 to 1975, a Deputy (1955–1963, 1987–1991, 1998–2003), and Governor of Santa Catarina from 1975 to 1979 and briefly again from 1994 to 1995.

paragraphs: Konder Reis died on 12 June 2018 in Itajaí at the age of 93.


title: Martin Bregman

paragraphs: Martin "Marty" Bregman (May 18, 1926 – June 16, 2018) was an American movie producer. He was born in New York City. Bregman produced many movies including "Scarface", "Sea of Love", "Venom", "Serpico", "Dog Day Afternoon", "The Four Seasons", "Betsy's Wedding", "Carlito's Way", "", "The Bone Collector" and "The Adventures of Pluto Nash".

paragraphs: Bregman died of a cerebral hemorrhage in New York City on June 16, 2018 at the age of 92.


title: Álvaro Rodríguez Ros

paragraphs: Álvaro Rodríguez Ros (16 January 1936 – 16 June 2018), commonly known as Alvarito, was a Spanish football defender and manager. He was born in Ujo, Mieres. In 1960, he played for the Spain national football team. From 1957 to 1963, Ros played for Atlético Madrid.

paragraphs: Ros died on 16 June 2018 in Huércal-Overa, Province of Almería, at the age of 82.


title: Iván Duque Márquez

paragraphs: Iván Duque Márquez (; born August 1, 1976) is a Colombian politician and economist. He is the 60th President of Colombia since 7 August 2018. Before, he was a senator for Bogota in the Senate of Colombia. He is a member of the Democratic Center Party.

paragraphs: On March 11, 2018, Duque won the nomination to become the presidential candidate for the right coalition. Duque was elected President of Colombia on June 17, 2018 after defeating Gustavo Petro 54% to 42% in the second round. On May 27, 2018 he won the first round of the presidential election with over 39% of the vote.


title: Zou people

paragraphs: Zou Tribe is one of the Schedule Tribes of Manipur. The Zou tribal populace is mainly concentrated in two districts of the state, namely, Churachandpur and Chandel. Zou language has been incorporated in the study curriculum of several high schools and also some of the higher secondary schools in the state of Manipur.

paragraphs: Zou tribes are a less known indigenous community residing along the Indo-Burma border. Zou tribe is officially recognised as Indian Scheduled Tribe in the state of Manipur. Zou tribal population in the country is estimated to be nearly 20,000 to 25,000, although there are no official records. Zou tribal community is mostly concentrated in and around Churachandpur district and Chandel district of this state of North-East India. According to 2001 census report, the Zou population has been ranked as the 10th largest amongst the Scheduled Tribe population in Manipur. Zou language is one of the set Major Indian Languages taught in the high schools and higher secondary schools of the state.

paragraphs: In India, the Zou are officially recognized as one of the thirty-three indigenous peoples within the state of Manipur, and are one of the scheduled tribes. According to the 2001 Census, the Zou population in Manipur is around 20,000, less than 3% of the population. The community is concentrated in Churachandpur and Chandel districts of Manipur in North-East India.

paragraphs: The history of Zou tribe is not very clear. The Zou tribes have Indo-Chinese origin and the in the local dialect of the Zou people, the name of the tribal group suggests 'human being'. There is a saying among the tribal community that mankind is born from trees, leaves and soil. It is believed that the early history of Zou community is lost in legends and myths. The linguistic and racial evidences imply that they are of Indo-Chinese origin. Linguists said that the Zomi language belongs to Tibeto-Burman language family. In the South-East Asian region, there had been some dynasties, places and people, which bear the mark, Zou with some variations in spelling. Further, some scholars also suggest that around 200 BC because of regular Chinese attacks, the Zomis probably have moved to the north east of Tibet. The Zou tribe successfully resisted the British invasion and have maintained their culture and indigenous customs.

paragraphs: The Zou tribal community has a script of its own, which is known as "Zolai". All the write ups of the Zou tribes are being done using the script. Today, this Zolai script has gained popularity amongst Zou youths who have started to learn the script with lots of enthusiasm and excitement. However, Roman script is the official script that has been used by the Zou population. Even the holy book Bible has been translated in to Zou language making use of Roman script. In Manipur, the literacy rate of the Zou tribes is low and it is around 61.6 percent according to 2001 Census report. It is to be noted that the Zou dialectal group is just a branch of the huge traditional group, namely, Chin-Kuki-Lushai ethnic group.

paragraphs: Round about 1450 A.D, Pu Hanghil (the father of Chie Manlun) and Pu Gen Kun of Taithul family founded Hai Daw village from Suih Mual village. Pu Gen Kun was appointed to be the Headman of Hai Dawi village. Both of them fought together against Bum Zang village which was about two miles from Hai Dawi. There they defeated the villagers of Bum Zang village. Later, Pu Hang Hil was appointed as Headman of Bum Zang village. Later, Pu Hang Hil shifted to Khua Dai village which is about three miles from Bum Zang village. There his sons Man Lun, Ma Tuang, Mang Son, Hang Vung and Mat Mang were born. As they grew in about 1500 A.D Manlun started his ruling as a chief Khuangnung in village. Mantuang in 1550 A.D at Phaitu village, Mangson at Gamngai and Hangvung at Khuadai village(?). So, we can simply point out that the first Zote Khua was Hai Dawi village. Up to this day Hai Dawi people still exist a people and they speak Hai Dawi dialect. To the original tongue of Zote might be Hai Dawi dialect.

paragraphs: As the Israelites retained the Hebrew language so also if we are going to retain our real mother tongue, we must speak Hai Dawi dialect, for it was the first and lingua franca of Zote descendants. Similarly if any one among Zote descendants would like to print any book or Bible, he would use the Hai Dawi dialect words, not because of its fitness, but only for its originality. I believe we all agree to give first priority to Hai Dawi dialect as our Zote-original mother tongue.

paragraphs: Maw na sung ma naw in, amaw sa pi ma in leimi in i piang a, a khawh ma ma - gam lua a i lua suhsuh ih mawnate ma ei bawl in eima pumpi ei man muda maithei, Ih mawnate -eeng taang gol lua a hi man in khat veivei eima mawnate eimon maisah zolo maithei va-ia kim lai, tuate lip khap sih saang a pamai eisa, ei khua tua ngeet-nguut ngeng ngong man a ih dial dual liang luang mawna nei van nuai ei mai sah thop valong, abieh huai tapo ma Jehova ki chi Pasian khat a na om ngang tangh hi.

paragraphs: As we are born in sin, we cannot even love ourselves and there is no knowledge about what is forgiveness, because of the enormous sins inherited in us. Eventhough we are in this situation, inspite of our enormous sins the one who has mercy, sympathises us and forgives us our sins is the God called Jehovah.

paragraphs: Tua Jehovah Pasian in atapa neisun Zeisu tawh ei maw nei leimite ei tat ngam giap na, itna sang a a uang gol zaw lim itna dang leitung ah tu dong kimu nai va-ia lo hi.

paragraphs: Jehovah God's love in giving his only begotten son for the remission of our sins and its horrible consequence is the greatest love in the world. There is greater love in the world up to this day.

paragraphs: Tui khang bang a leitung a tomkal khat ih mit phet va huausung teng beeh, upna a muan tawh Jehovah Pasian um kha popo lei-ih zaw? Aman eite chidamna, khansauna, pilna, hauna, lungnopna, ji hoi, pasal hoi, tanu tapa meel hoi neitheina thuphate tawh ei ang vaan tuah valon ding baan ah, ih si zaw chiang na ngawn a ih hla in van tung ah hindenna nga ding-chi te a kammal tawh ei khap saa ma tah khu.

paragraphs: Within our span of vaporous life, if we believe in Jehovah God rightly, there are numerous promises abounded for health, prosperity, wisdom, longevity, good husband, good wife, and even our offspring would see beauty and excellence and above all eternal bliss after life will be received.

paragraphs: These Zou tribes, following the trend of the other tribes, too follow Christianity as their main religion. This Zou community has a plethora of rituals and customs, both religious as well as social, undergo sea change to keep up with the trend of present day modern trends. The Zou people follow ceremonies associated with nature. The Zou tribal society still loyally maintains their old patriarchal structure.

paragraphs: Hunting and agriculture are the major occupation of the Zou tribal people. Modern education system empowered the Zou women to enter today's job market.

paragraphs: The traditional customs, practices and other related issues of this small tribe has recently been explored systematically. Unfortunately, this tribe has escaped the attention of social scientists in general and sociologists in particular. The Zous like other tribal communities in the northeast India have maintained their age-old customary practices.

paragraphs: The Zou tribe generally follows what is called as "Patrilineal cross-cousin's marriage" which is their first choice known as Neita. It is generally observed that the traditional marriage system of the Zou tribes is regulated either by (i) Tong Mou (Arranged marriage), (ii) Neita (Cross cousin Marriage), and (ii) Elopement Marriage. THe above three types of marriage of course consist of arrange as well as love marriage. There are minute details to be explored with related to Zou customary marriage practices, I am not going to elaborate on all these minute details at the moment. This article aims at the contemporary practices without going in deep studies.

paragraphs: Once there were two woman who were great friends and they loved each other very much. One day they made an agreement that if one gives birth to a male baby and other give birth to a female baby they would marry them to each other. Later in the use two pregnant women gave birth to a female and the other woman gave birth to a male baby.The male baby was named Ngambawm and the female baby was named Khupching. Khupching belongs to a royal family whereas Ngambawm belong to a poor family. So their social disparities created a social barrier. Khupching’s parents retracted from their agreement to marry these two people.So they tried to seeparate them rightr from their babyhood. They used different cradles,but it was so amazing that the two babies join themselves in one cradle. Even in the field they thought that they had separated while ploughing the field they found the two babies join together in the evening in one cradle.As they grew up Khupching and Ngambawm loved each other very much. One day Ngambawm asked Khupching to marry him.

paragraphs: (a) Ka tun va dongin,ka zuo va dong in khuokhâl tui bang hing la ve aw.

paragraphs: [ask my mother ask my father fetch me like the dry season(autumn) waters.]

paragraphs: Ngambawm asked her parents.They refused/rejected him flatly.

paragraphs: "(a) Na tun lah dong ing na zuo lah dong ing khuokhâl tui bang lâh nâilou e."

paragraphs: I had asked your mother and father, they flatly refused to marry you to me, but I can not fetch you like dry season (autumn) waters. On hearing her parents refused him, her love for Ngambawm increased day by day.

paragraphs: One day Ngambawm plucked a single hair of Khupching and he placed it under a stone which was near a waterfall of a stream.Khupching fell ill since then.Her mother decalred that if someone could cure her he will be her husand. When he heard this news ngambawm took back the hair from under the stone and put it back into Khupching’s head. Ngambawm cured her but her parents still refused him marriage to her. Ngambawm again took back and he put it under the stone nearby stream once again. She became ill bagain. Her parents again promised the same as before to one who could cure her. He took the hair and put it back into her head and she was cured. In this way he cured her many times.But her parents were adamanat not to mary her off to him. Ngambawm again hid her hair under a stone unfortunately this time her hair was lost in the running stream. So Khupching fell ill and died. When the body was about to be buried her body swelled like a big balloon and the people could not extricate out of the house. The people were flabber-gasted and amazed about this phenomenon. No one could solve the problem. So they requested Ngambawm to come and help them out. Ngambawm spoke to the corpse saying “Darling we are separated but this is the will of God, make your self small again and get out of the the door”. After that the corpse became small and was able to get out the door easily. Once again the corpse refused to get out of the entrance of the gate of the house by swelling big. again. Ngambawm said “Darling, make yourself small again one more and get out of the entrance gate of the house.” After that the corpse was easily taken out of the entrance gate.After Khupching was buried Ngambawm returned to his house filled with tears.

paragraphs: "(a) Atui in hal e, têu a tui in hal ,hal jou nailou zawlching ngâi ing e. "

paragraphs: (b) Atui suh inlu ong damdiel in luong e, Ching aw vâi bang na thâm na hie?

paragraphs: [The waterfall was between us but it could not separate us I love Chingkhup more and more. The water flows gently but you died in this flowing water.]

paragraphs: One day Ngambawm planted a cockscomb flower on the tomb of Khupching. He saw a wild cat coming to pluck the flowers and he caught it by chance.When he asked the wild cat as to why it plucked the flowers every night it told him that it was sent by Khupching. He told the wild cat to pluck out the chicken’s feathers on its way to the Khupching’s village till he arrives there. Following the trail of plumes he finally arrived at the village where Khupching lives. On seeing her his joy knew no bounds. He and Khupching lived together in the house. One day the villagers went for fishing expedition She sent him also to join the villagers and she gave him the bamboo basket for collecting fishes.

paragraphs: One day Khupching said to Ngambawm, “ Please go back to your village,as soon as you reach your home kill one pig and eat its meat. After that hang a spear above your bed, and let free all the chicken from their roosts. Then, lie down on your bed facing the roof of your house whre you hanged the spear”. As advised by her he returned to his village soon and he did whatever things to be done as told by Khupching.As he lay on his bed the spear accidentally fell on his chest and he was killed instantly. After his death his spirit went the village of Khupching. He reached her house and they both met each other happily ever after.


title: Elizabeth Brackett

paragraphs: Elizabeth Brackett (December 11, 1941 – June 17, 2018) was an American journalist and political figure and writer. She was known for hosting WTTW-TV's "Chicago Tonight" program and also worked as a correspondent for PBS' "The NewsHour with Jim Lehrer".

paragraphs: In 1988, Brackett was awarded a Peabody Award for her coverage of the 1988 U.S. presidential election.

paragraphs: Brackett was born in Illinois. She studied at Indiana University. Brackett was injured in a serious accident while biking on the Lakefront Trail on June 13, 2018. She suffered from a fractured vertebrae, fell into a coma and died four days after the accident at a Chicago hospital, aged 76.


title: Chicago Lakefront Trail

paragraphs: The Chicago Lakefront Trail (abbreviated as LFT) is a shared use path for walking jogging and cycling. It is located along the western shore of Lake Michigan in Chicago, Illinois. The trail passes through and connects Chicago's four major lakefront parks along with various beaches and recreational amenities. It also serves as a route for bicycle commuters.

paragraphs: From north to south, it runs through Lincoln Park, Grant Park, Burnham Park, and Jackson Park.


title: Burnham Park (Chicago)

paragraphs: Burnham Park is a public park located in Chicago, Illinois. It is located along of Lake Michigan shoreline, the park connects Grant Park at 14th Street to Jackson Park at 56th Street. The of parkland is owned and managed by Chicago Park District. It was named for urban planner and architect Daniel Burnham in 1927.


title: Norodom Ranariddh

paragraphs: Norodom Ranariddh (; born 2 January 1944) is a Cambodian royal politician and law academic. He is the second son of Norodom Sihanouk of Cambodia and a half-brother of Norodom Sihamoni.

paragraphs: Ranariddh is the president of FUNCINPEC, a Cambodian royalist party. He was also the First Prime Minister of Cambodia following the restoration of the monarchy, serving between 1993 and 1997, and subsequently as the President of the National Assembly between 1998 and 2006.

paragraphs: On 17 June 2018, Ranariddh and his wife, Ouk Phalla, were both seriously injured in a car accident en route to Sihanoukville Province. Ouk Phalla died hours later as a result of her injuries.


title: Tom Skilling

paragraphs: Thomas Ethelbert Skilling, III (born February 20, 1952), known on-air as Tom Skilling, is an American television meteorologist. He was born in Aurora, Illinois, but works in Chicago, Illinois. He is chief meteorologist for the weekday on WGN-TV (channel 9). He is the highest paid local broadcast meteorologist in the United States. He also writes the daily weather column in the "Chicago Tribune".


title: WGN-TV

paragraphs: WGN-TV is an independent television station licensed to Chicago, Illinois, United States. It serves as the flagship television property of the Tribune Broadcasting of the Tribune Media Company, which also owns radio station WGN (720 AM) and local cable news channel Chicagoland Television (CLTV).

paragraphs: The station's second digital subchannel serves as an owned-and-operated station of the classic TV network Antenna TV. It is broadcast through a transmitted located at the Willis Tower.


title: Don Sandburg

paragraphs: Don Sandburg (1930 – October 6, 2018) was an American television writer, actor, and producer. He was born in Cincinnati, Ohio. He has worked in television, most notably as producer of "The Banana Splits" for Hanna-Barbera as well as WGN-TV's "Bozo's Circus" as Sandy the Clown. In 1967, Sandburg appeared in local McDonald's ads as Ronald McDonald.

paragraphs: Sandburg died of complications from Alzheimer's disease in Springfield, Oregon on October 6, 2018 at the age of 87.


title: The Bozo Show

paragraphs: The Bozo Show is a locally produced children's television program that aired on WGN-TV in Chicago and nationally on WGN America. It was based on the children's record book series, "Bozo the Clown" by Capitol Records. It ran from 1960 to 2001.

paragraphs: The series is a local version of the internationally franchised "Bozo the Clown" format and is also the longest-running in the franchise. It is known as the most popular and successful locally produced children's program in the history of television, it only aired under this title for 14 of its 40+ years: other titles were Bozo, Bozo's Circus, and The Bozo Super Sunday Show.

paragraphs: It starred Bob Bell as Bozo, Ned Locke as Ringmaster Ned, Ray Rayner as Oliver O. Oliver, Bob Trendler as Mr. Bob and Don Sandburg as Sandy.


title: Ray Rayner

paragraphs: Ray Rayner (born Raymond M. Rahner; July 23, 1919 – January 21, 2004) was an American television presenter based in Chicago, Illinois. He was born in New York City. He was known for working with WGN-TV and for starring in "Ray Rayner and His Friends" as Ray and in "The Bozo Show" as Oliver O. Oliver.

paragraphs: Rayner died on January 21, 2004, of complications from pneumonia in Fort Myers, Florida at the age of 84.


title: Bob Trendler

paragraphs: Robert Trendler (1912 – July 18, 2011) was an American bandleader, songwriter, television actor and musical director. He worked for the WGN Orchestra from 1956 till 1975. Trendler was known in Chicago as Mr. Bob the bandleader of Bozo's Big Top Band, on "Bozo's Circus". He was born in Cincinnati, Ohio.

paragraphs: Trendler died on July 18, 2011 in Ellenton, Florida of cardiopulmonary arrest at the age of 99.


title: Ellenton, Florida

paragraphs: Ellenton is a census-designated place (CDP) in Manatee County, Florida, United States. The population was 3,142 at the 2000 census. Ellenton is located at (27.522666, -82.525867).


title: Ned Locke

paragraphs: Norbert "Ned" Locke (December 25, 1919 – February 4, 1992) was an American television personality and writer, radio announcer and politician. He was born in Red Wing, Minnesota. He was best known for the role of "Ringmaster Ned" on WGN-TV's "Bozo's Circus" from 1961 to 1976. He moved to Kimberling City, Missouri where he was mayor until 1992.

paragraphs: Locke died of liver cancer in Kimberling City on February 4, 1992 at the age of 72.


title: Kimberling City, Missouri

paragraphs: Kimberling City is a city in Stone County, Missouri, United States. The population was 2,400 at the 2010 census. Some episodes of "The Beverly Hillbillies" TV series were filmed in the area.


title: The Beverly Hillbillies

paragraphs: The Beverly Hillbillies is an American sitcom originally broadcast on CBS from 1962 to 1971. The show starred Buddy Ebsen, Irene Ryan, Donna Douglas, and Max Baer Jr. as the Clampetts. It was about a poor backwoods family who move to posh Beverly Hills, California, after striking oil on their land.

paragraphs: "The Beverly Hillbillies" ranked among the top 20 most-watched programs on television for eight of its nine seasons, twice ranking as the number one series of the year, with a number of episodes that remain among the most-watched television episodes in history. A 1993 movie remake was made by 20th Century Fox.


title: Irene Ryan

paragraphs: Irene Ryan (born Jessie Irene Noblitt; October 17, 1902 – April 26, 1973) was an American actress and comedian. She was born in El Paso, Texas.

paragraphs: Ryan was known for her role as Granny, the mother-in-law of Buddy Ebsen's character, on the long-running TV series "The Beverly Hillbillies" (1962–1971). She was nominated for Emmy Awards for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Comedy Series in 1963 and 1964.

paragraphs: Ryan died of glioblastoma and heart disease in Santa Monica, California on April 26, 1973 at the age of 70.


title: Max Baer Jr.

paragraphs: Maximilian Adalbert Baer Jr. (born December 4, 1937) is an American actor, screenwriter, producer, and director. He is best known for playing Jethro Bodine on "The Beverly Hillbillies". He directed the 1979 comedy "Hometown U.S.A." before retiring to his home at Lake Tahoe, Nevada.

paragraphs: With the 2015 death of "The Beverly Hillbillies" co-star Donna Douglas, Baer is the only surviving cast member.


title: Bob Bell

paragraphs: Robert Lewis Bell (January 18, 1922 – December 8, 1997), better known as Bob Bell, was an American actor. He was famous for his role as Bozo the Clown on "The Bozo Show". He was born in Flint, Michigan, but raised in Deerfield, Illinois.

paragraphs: Bell died at his home in Lake San Marcos, California on December 8, 1997 from congestive heart failure, aged 75.


title: Lake San Marcos, California

paragraphs: Lake San Marcos is a census-designated place (CDP) in the North County region of the San Diego metropolitan area. It is nominally independent of San Marcos proper.

paragraphs: It is a resort-based community surrounding the Lake San Marcos reservoir. It is located at (33.122562, -117.209411).


title: Frazier Thomas

paragraphs: William Frazier Thomas (June 13, 1918 – April 3, 1985) was an American television personality and writer. Thomas wrote nine children's books, he was best known for creating, hosting, writing and producing the long-running children's television program "Garfield Goose and Friends" on WGN-TV.


title: Bill Jackson (television personality)

paragraphs: Bill Ray Jackson (born September 15, 1935) is an American television personality, cartoonist and educator. He is best known for having hosted the children's programs "The BJ and Dirty Dragon Show" and "Gigglesnort Hotel".


title: Unionville, Missouri

paragraphs: Unionville is a city in Putnam County, Missouri, United States. The population was 1,865 at the 2010 census. It is the county seat of Putnam County.

paragraphs: According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of , all of it land.


title: Frances Horwich

paragraphs: Frances Rappaport Horwich (born Frances Rappaport; 16 July 1907–22 July 2001) was, as Miss Frances, was an American television personality and educator. She was the host of the US children's television program, "Ding Dong School".

paragraphs: Horwich died of congestive heart failure on 22 July 2001 in Scottsdale, Arizona at the age of 94.


title: Ottawa, Ohio

paragraphs: Ottawa is a village in and the county seat of Putnam County, Ohio, United States. The population was 4,460 at the 2010 census.


title: Fran Allison

paragraphs: Frances Helen Allison (November 20, 1907 – June 13, 1989) was an American television and radio personality and singer. She was best known for her starring role on the weekday NBC-TV puppet show "Kukla, Fran and Ollie," which ran from 1947–57.


title: Mary Hartline

paragraphs: Mary Pauline Hartline (October 29, 1926 – August 12, 2020) was an American model and actress. She became one of television's early stars. Hartline was born in Hillsboro, Illinois. In 1946, she was cast in ABC radio's "Teen Town" (originally, "Junior Junction") (or vice versa; references disagree).

paragraphs: In 1949, the ABC television network picked up the local show, "Super Circus", which was also produced by Stokes. Hartline moved to "Super Circus" where her looks and figure made her a sex symbol.

paragraphs: Hartline died on August 12, 2020 in Hillsboro, Illinois at the age of 93.


title: Burr Tillstrom

paragraphs: Franklin Burr Tillstrom (October 13, 1917 – December 6, 1985) was an American television personality and puppeteer. He was the creator of "Kukla, Fran and Ollie". After the original series ended in 1957, Tillstrom continued to work with the Kuklapolitans. Early in 1958, Tillstrom appeared with the puppets on Polly Bergen's short-lived NBC variety show, "The Polly Bergen Show".

paragraphs: In 1978 Kukla, Burr and Ollie joined the Broadway cast of "Side by Side by Sondheim", a revue of Stephen Sondheim songs.


title: Elaine Mulqueen

paragraphs: Elaine Mulqueen (January 27, 1932 – May 22, 2012) was an American children's television host and personality. She was born in Chicago. Mulqueen's career in television began in 1962, when she appeared in commercials for Coca-Cola on "Bozo's Circus".

paragraphs: In 1963, Elaine Mulqueen and her husband began hosting "The Mulqueens" on WGN-TV. Elaine Mulqueen appeared on stage as a pixie-like character named Pandora. In 1965, the program moved to WBKB-TV (now WLS-TV), and the show was renamed "Mulqueen's Kiddie A-Go-Go".

paragraphs: On May 22, 2012, Mulqueen died from cancer of unknown primary origin in Chicago at the age of 80.


title: Western Sydney Airport

paragraphs: The Western Sydney Airport (also known as Badgerys Creek Airport) is an airport in the suburb of in Sydney, Australia. The airport is planned to be a 24 hour, curfew-free airport. It would most likely be completed in 2026. The site was officially designed by the Federal Government on 15 April 2014, after years of debate on the location for another airport within the Sydney basin.

paragraphs: The site is within from the Blue Mountains National Park and lies to the east to Warragamba Dam, Sydney's largest drinking water catchment.


title: Salvadoran Civil War

paragraphs: The Salvadorian Civil War was fought from 1979 to 1992 between the government of El Salvador and left-wing rebels.


title: Cordaitales

paragraphs: Cordaitales are an extinct order of woody plants that may have been early conifers. Alternatively, they may have given rise to the conifers (Pinophyta), ginkgos (Ginkgophyta) and cycads (Cycadophyta).

paragraphs: They had cone-like reproductive structures rather like those of modern conifers. The Cordaitales appeared during the Carboniferous period. They made big trees trees that were common on drier ground in tropical environments.

paragraphs: Also, some tall trees and some shrubby mangrove-like species of Cordaitales seem to have grown in the Carboniferous coal swamps. Cordaitales were also abundant during the Permian, but became less important during the Triassic. They died out during the time of the end-Triassic mass extinction.

paragraphs: Many Cordiatales had elongated strap-like leaves, resembling some modern-day conifers of the Araucariaceae and Podocarpaceae.


title: Podocarpaceae

paragraphs: Podocarpaceae is a large family of mainly Southern Hemisphere conifers. There are about 156 species of evergreen trees and shrubs. It has up to 19 genera. The distribution of this family suggests its early evolution took place in the ancient southern continent of Gondwana.

paragraphs: The family is a member of the Antarctic flora. Its main centres of diversity are in Australasia, particularly New Caledonia, Tasmania, and New Zealand. They are also in Malesia and South America (mainly in the Andes mountains).

paragraphs: Several genera extend north of the equator into Indochina and the Philippines. "Podocarpus" goes as far north as southern Japan and southern China in Asia, and Mexico in the Americas, and "Nageia" into southern China and southern India. Two genera also occur in sub-Saharan Africa, the widespread "Podocarpus" and the endemic "Afrocarpus".

paragraphs: "Parasitaxus usta" is unique as the only known parasitic gymnosperm. It occurs on New Caledonia, where it is parasitic on another member of the Podocarpaceae, "Falcatifolium taxoides".


title: Hillary Clinton email controversy

paragraphs: The Hillary Clinton email controversy refers to Hillary Clinton using US Government Confidential, Secret, Top Secret and Classified emails she kept on a third-party unsecured server. This controversy began in March 2015 during her tenure as the US Secretary of State (2009-2013). This sparked interest and momentum during Clinton's 2016 presidential election campaign for the President of the United States.


title: Lynden Pindling

paragraphs: Sir Lynden Oscar Pindling (21 March 193026 August 2000), is thought to be the founder of the nation in the Bahamas. He served various jobs that helped the nation eventually gain its independence.

paragraphs: Pindling was born in Nassau, Bahamas, in the British West Indies on March 21, 1929. He eventually graduated from King's College London where he earned a degree in law. He later married Marguerite McKenzie.

paragraphs: In 1954, Pindling helped found the Progressive Liberal Party in the Bahamas. This party was formed mainly to overthrow the white-run colonial United Bahamian Party. In 1967 he was elected Premier of the Bahamas Islands and worked to give the Bahamas independence. He became Prime Minister of an independent Bahamas in 1973 were he worked to stop heavy British influence in the country.

paragraphs: Pindling would continue his job as Prime Minister until 1992. Throughout his later time in term he would be accused of corruption and protecting drug dealers. In the 1980's the economy dropped heavily and many people lost faith in their prime minister. They decided to elect Hubert Ingraham to replace Pindling. Pindling eventually died August 26, 2000 due to cancer. He was 71 years old when he died.


title: United States Space Force

paragraphs: The United States Space Force (USSF) is a part of the U.S. Armed Forces. It is focused on war in space. It is the sixth branch of the U.S. military.

paragraphs: It is a part of the Department of the Air Force, one of the three parts of the Department of Defense. Because of this, the Space Force is led by the Secretary of the Air Force, who is under the Secretary of Defense. The leader of the Space Force is called the Chief of Space Operations.

paragraphs: On June 18, 2018, President Donald Trump announced in an address to the National Space Council a directive that requests the creation of a sixth branch of the United States Armed Forces.

paragraphs: The president announced his intention for The Pentagon to create the 'Space Force' as an independent service branch, separate from the United States Air Force.

paragraphs: However, Trump's then Defense Secretary James Mattis and Air Force Secretary Heather Wilson think it is a bad idea because it is "complex" and will override the Air Force's job. Many US Senators stated they would rather create a Space Corps inside the Air Force. The Air Force has had a "Space Command" since September 1, 1982. General John W. Raymond is nominated to be commander of Space Command in April 2019. His nomination will be heard in United State Senate in June 2019. He was previously head of U.S. Air Force Space Command.

paragraphs: Vice President Mike Pence in August 2018 announced a plan that would create the Space Force by 2020.

paragraphs: On 20 December 2019, the Space Force became the sixth armed service branch. General John W. Raymond became the first Chief of Space Operations. Air Force Secretary Barbara Barrett approved the moving of part of the Air Force to the Space Force and making it the Space Operations Command. This happened on 20 December 2019.

paragraphs: The United States Space Force Act says that it will exist to make sure that the United States can operate freely in space. It ensures that they can conduct military actions in space quickly and for a long time.

paragraphs: Its duties are to protect the interests of the United States in space. It also prevents attacks on the United States in and from space, and to generally operate in space.

paragraphs: The Space Force is one of two equal parts of the Department of the Air Force. The other one is the United States Air Force. Both are run by the Secretary of the Air Force.

paragraphs: The leader of the Space Force is the Chief of Space Operations (CSO), who is a general. The Chief of Space Operations will become a member of the Joint Staff one year after the Space Force Act was passed.

paragraphs: About 16,000 Air Force members are going to become part of the Space Force while the branch becomes part of the U.S. Armed Forces. It will have its own way of training members, and will create uniforms, ranks, logo, patch, awards, and an official song. This is supposed to happen within 18 months after the Space Force became independent.

paragraphs: Space Operations Command (SPOC), Vandenberg Air Force Base, California

paragraphs: Space and Missile Systems Center (SMC), Los Angeles Air Force Base, California


title: Walter Bahr

paragraphs: Walter Alfred Bahr (April 1, 1927 – June 18, 2018) was an American professional soccer player. He was thought to be one of the greatest ever in his country. He was the long-time captain of the U.S. national team and played in the 1950 FIFA World Cup.

paragraphs: Bahr died on June 18, 2018, in Boalsburg, Pennsylvania, from complications related to a broken hip, aged 91.


title: Boalsburg, Pennsylvania

paragraphs: Boalsburg is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Harris Township, Centre County, Pennsylvania, United States. It is part of the State College, Pennsylvania Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 3,722 at the 2010 census.


title: Zhao Nanqi

paragraphs: Zhao Nanqi (; Korean: 조남기; Cho Namgi; 20 April 1927 – 17 June 2018) was a Chinese general and politician. He served in the People's Liberation Army (PLA) Jilin Military District and as Vice Governor of Jilin province. He later served in top leadership positions in the PLA as Director of the People's Liberation Army General Logistics Department (1987 to 1992), member of the Central Military Commission, and President of the PLA Academy of Military Science (1992 to 1995).

paragraphs: He was promoted to the rank of general in 1988. From 1998 to 2003 he served as a Vice Chairperson of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference.

paragraphs: Zhao Nanqi died in Beijing on 17 June 2018, at the age of 91.


title: Engelbert Humperdinck (singer)

paragraphs: Engelbert Humperdinck (born Arnold George Dorsey; 2 May 1936) is an English pop singer and pianist. His singles "Release Me" and "The Last Waltz" both topped the UK music charts in 1967. It sold more than a million copies each. In North America, he also had chart successes with "After the Lovin'" (1976) and "This Moment in Time" (1979).


title: Kostas Politis

paragraphs: Konstantinos "Kostas" Politis (; 21 March 1942 – 18 June 2018) was a Greek professional basketball player and coach. He was born in Athens. Politis played with Panathinaikos, and with them he won 3 Greek League championships, in the years 1967, 1969, and 1971. Politis also played with the senior men's Greek national basketball team.

paragraphs: Politis died on 18 June 2018 in Athens at the age of 76.


title: XXXTentacion

paragraphs: Jahseh Dwayne Ricardo Onfroy (January 23, 1998 – June 18, 2018), known professionally as XXXTentacion () (sometimes stylized as xxxtentacion or XXXTENTACION and referred to colloquially as X), was an American rapper, singer, and songwriter.

paragraphs: Born in Plantation, Florida, Onfroy spent most of his childhood in Lauderhill. He began writing music after being released from a juvenile detention center and released his first song on SoundCloud in June 2013, titled "News/Flock". He was a popular figure in SoundCloud rap, a trap scene that takes elements of lo-fi music and harsh 808s.

paragraphs: He released his debut album, "17", on August 25, 2017. Onfroy's second album, "?", was released on March 16, 2018. It debuted at number one on the "Billboard" 200, with its singles "Sad!", "Changes" and "Moonlight" all reaching the top 20 of the "Billboard" Hot 100.

paragraphs: On June 18, 2018, Onfroy was fatally shot at the age of 20, in a robbery at a motorcycle dealership in Deerfield Beach, Florida.


title: 2003–04 Tampa Bay Lightning season

paragraphs: The 2003–04 Tampa Bay Lightning season was the 12th National Hockey League season in Tampa, Florida. The Lightning won their first Stanley Cup this season.

paragraphs: The Lightning did not have a first-round pick. For their first pick, they chose Mike Egener in the second round, 35th over-all.

paragraphs: On Saturday, December 27, 2003, the Lightning scored three short-handed goals in a 4-2 win over the Boston Bruins.

paragraphs: The Lightning finished the regular season having tied the Detroit Red Wings for the most short-handed goals scored, with 15.

paragraphs: "Note: GP= Games played; G= Goals; A= Assists; PTS = Points; PIM = Points"

paragraphs: "Note: GP= Games played; W= Wins; L= Losses; T = Ties; SO = Shutouts; GAA = Goals Against"


title: Bridget of Sweden

paragraphs: Bridget of Sweden, or Birgitta Birgersdotter (1303–1373), was a mystic and saint, and founder of the Bridgettines nuns and monks.

paragraphs: A few months before she was born, her mother was in a shipwreck. Many people died, but her mother was saved by the king's brother. In a dream the night after her rescue, she was told that she was saved because the child in her womb was very special, and was a gift from God. After Bridget was born, she wanted to live her life as a holy woman, but it was hard, because she was one of only two surviving children in her family. When she was 14 years old, she was forced to marry 18-year-old Ulf Gudmarsson. This was hard for her because she believed that staying a virgin would be the closest state to God.

paragraphs: After Ulf died, God sent a message to tell Bridget to come to Rome. That same year, Bridget packed up her bags and headed off to Rome, never to return to her hometown again. In 1370, Pope Urban V made her religious group official. She eventually became famous for helping to restoring the papacy in Rome.


title: Jayda Fransen

paragraphs: Jayda Kaleigh Fransen is the deputy leader of Britain First, a far-right British political group in the United Kingdom. In addition to online anti-Islamic activism, she has sometimes been seen in public, carrying a white cross, in "Christian patrols" through predominantly Muslim parts of British towns.

paragraphs: In March 2018, Fransen was sent to jail for to 36 weeks after being found guilty of three counts of religiously aggravated harassment.

paragraphs: Fransen had been a part of the English Defence League, but left due to it being violent.

paragraphs: She was an unsuccessful candidate in the Rochester and Strood by-election, 2014, and the London Assembly election, 2016.


title: British Fascism

paragraphs: British Fascism is the form of fascism promoted by parties in the United Kingdom. British fascism is based on British Nationalism. Examples of British Fascist movements are British Fascists (1923-1934) and the British Union of Fascists (1932-1940). Some recent examples are National Front (1967-present) and Britain First (2011-present).

paragraphs: British Fascism is based upon Italian Fascism and British Traditions.

paragraphs: British Fascism claims that both it Economic and Political agenda represent Tudor England. It claims its centralized national authoritarian state is based upon the Tudor System.

paragraphs: British Fascism also claims the legacy of Oliver Cromwell.

paragraphs: English Political theorist Thomas Hobbes in his work Leviathan (1651) created the ideology of Absolutism which was highly influential in the fascist ideology.

paragraphs: British fascism claims its corporatist economic policy is based upon the medieval guild system.

paragraphs: British Fascism is based upon British Nationalism.

paragraphs: British Fascism was Non-interventionism and argued war should only be used in defense of Britain or the British Empire. It believed the only threat to the British Empire was from the Soviet Union.

paragraphs: Corporatist policies would also be spread to the empire.

paragraphs: British Fascism is Totalitarian. The BUF declared support for a totalitarian state with Mosley describing it as "a nation emerges organised in the divine parallel of the human body as the name implies. Every organ plays a part in relation to the whole and in harmony with the whole".

paragraphs: British Fascism is against "laissez-faire and promotes a" corporatist economic system.

paragraphs: British Fascism supports the British Monarchy.


title: Government Schools Teachers Association (GSTA)

paragraphs: Government School Teachers Association Delhi (GSTA) is a teachers union recognized by Delhi Government which represents teachers serving under Delhi Government.

paragraphs: GSTA represents the teachers of Delhi since 1954 and was recognized by the Government of Delhi.

paragraphs: Ajay Veer Yadav is the current serving General Secretary of Government School Teachers Assocaition (GSTA). He assumed office on 26 July 2014.

paragraphs: Rajbir Singh Chhikara is the incumbent Senior Vice President of GSTA.


title: Ajay Veer Yadav

paragraphs: Ajay Veer Yadav (born 20 September 1970) is the current General Secretary of Government Schools Teachers Association (GSTA). Serving as the representative of the teachers employed under Government of Delhi. He has been an active part of politics in the field of education and teachers since 1995.

paragraphs: Born on 20 September 1970 in a family of farmers from Uttar Pradesh. Yadav completed his schooling from Delhi. Pursued his graduation and post-graduation from then, Amravati University, Maharashtra.

paragraphs: Serving as the General Secretary of GSTA, Yadav has campaigned for issues related to teachers. Issues were safety and security of teachers, increase of pay, transfer policy, shortage of teachers, fresh recruitment and others.

paragraphs: Serving as the General Secretary of Government Schools Teachers Association in 2014 the association led a campaign for the removal of pay anomalies. Team of the association met Dr. Jitendra Singh, Union Minister of State for PMO. Ajay Veer Yadav met with Rajnath Singh and Najeeb Jung, former Lt. Governor of Delhi regarding these demands.


title: Sarracenia purpurea

paragraphs: Sarracenia purpurea is a type of carnivorous plant. It is commonly called the purple pitcher plant, northern pitcher plant, turtle socks, or side-saddle flower.


title: Say Something (A Great Big World song)

paragraphs: "Say Something" is a song recorded by American indie-pop duo A Great Big World. It is from their album "Is There Anybody Out There?" The song was re-released as a single on December 13, 2013, with added vocals from singer Christina Aguilera. It topped the charts in Australia, Belgium (Flanders), and Canada, while reaching the top ten in countries like the US, UK, and New Zealand.

paragraphs: The song was certified sextuple-platinum in the US for shipments and streams of six million copies there.


title: Alaska Standard Time

paragraphs: The Alaska Time Zone subtracts nine hours from UTC during standard time (UTC-9) and eight hours during daylight saving time (UTC-8).

paragraphs: This time zone is called Alaska Standard Time (AKST) during standard time (Winter) and Alaska Daylight Time (AKDT) during daylight saving time (Summer).


title: Yvette Horner

paragraphs: Yvette Horner (22 September 1922 – 11 June 2018) was a French accordionist. She was known for performing with the Tour de France during the 1950s and 1960s. She was born in Tarbes, France.

paragraphs: The company Calor invited her to perform in the publicity caravan associated with the Tour de France. Horner's husband, the footballer René Dresch, convinced her to accept the offer, and later ended his athletic career to support Horner's performances.

paragraphs: Horner died on 11 June 2018 at the age of 95.


title: Luis Carlos Galán

paragraphs: Luis Carlos Galán Sarmiento (29 September 1943 – 18 August 1989) was a Colombian liberal politician and journalist. He was born in Bucaramanga, Santander, Colombia. Galán ran for the Presidency of Colombia two times. Galan ran under the Liberal party in 1989 and sought the nomination for the 1990 presidential election.

paragraphs: Galán, a critic of cartels and Pablo Escobar, was shot to death by hitmen hired by the drug cartels during a campaign rally in the town of Soacha, Cundinamarca on 18 August 1989 at the age of 45.


title: Rodrigo Lara

paragraphs: Rodrigo Lara Bonilla (August 11, 1946 – April 30, 1984) was a Colombian lawyer and politician. He served as Minister of Justice under President Belisario Betancur. He was a known critic of Pablo Escobar.

paragraphs: Lara was assassinated, aged 37, in a drive-by-shooting in Bogota on April 30, 1984 by orders of Escobar because of his work as Minister and for prosecuting the Medellín Cartel.


title: Weather Center Live

paragraphs: Weather Center Live is a program on The Weather Channel. It airs on weekdays from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. Eastern Time. It gives information about the current weather events happening in the United States. It is "The Weather Channel"'s de facto program.

paragraphs: "Weather Center Live" formally launched as "Weather Center" on March 2, 2009. It replaced the old Weather Center. Its hosts were Stephanie Abrams and Mike Bettes. Abrams and Bettes formerly hosted "Abrams & Bettes: Beyond the Forecast", which ended three days earlier. From May 5 to June 12, 2009, Mike Bettes went on the Vortex 2 project, so Adam Berg filled in for him in the studio.

paragraphs: On June 22, 2009, Jim Cantore and Alexandra Steele became hosts of the program, replacing Abrams & Bettes (they got a week off to get ready for their new hosts on "Your Weather Today", now "America's Morning Headquarters"). Cantore and Steele hosted from 7-10 p.m. ET under the title "Weather Center with Cantore & Steele" (just like under Your Weather Today's new name "Your Weather Today with Abrams & Bettes").

paragraphs: In December 2009, Kevin Robinson left The Weather Channel, and was replaced by Chris Warren. In September 2010, Crystal Egger replaced Alexandra Steele, who was later at CNN. Nicole Mitchell left the program in November, and was replaced by Kelly Cass.

paragraphs: Beginning in January 2011, Weather Center aired three blocks a night (7-8 p.m., 10-11 p.m., and 1-2 a.m.) and debuted on weekends on February 5, 2011. The weekday editions were hosted by Chris Warren and Crystal Egger, the weekend editions were hosted by Paul Goodloe and Kelly Cass.

paragraphs: In March 2012, the weekday edition debuted at 4:00 p.m., moving "Day Planner" to 11 a.m. to 2 p.m. ET. The weekend edition debuted at 4 p.m. as well, canceling PM Edition. In November 2012, Weather Center Live began airing from 5-8 p.m. ET.

paragraphs: Todd Santos left the channel in July 2013, and was replaced by Keith Carson. In September, Crystal Egger left the program (she returned on September 12 to anchor from 1-3 a.m. ET due to the flooding in Colorado, before she left the network for good). Alexandra Wilson left the afternoon 4-5 p.m. edition to replace her as a co-host with Chris Warren and Jim Cantore. However when she left no anchor was announced to join Alex Wallace.

paragraphs: On November 12, 2013 at 4:00 a.m. Eastern Time, The Weather Channel re-launched with new graphics. As a result, the program was extended to mornings and afternoons (4:00 to 5:30 a.m. and 11:00 a.m. to 2:00 p.m. Eastern) and weekends from 4:30 a.m. to 2:00 p.m. Eastern Time, but that change meant that the show's 10:00 p.m. and 1:00 a.m. editions and weekends at 4:00 and 7:00 p.m. Eastern were replaced by long-form programming, removing nighttime forecast programs for the first time in The Weather Channel's history.

paragraphs: In February 2014, the show was extended to 2:00-5:00 p.m. ET. In April, Dave Schwartz returned to The Weather Channel co-anchoring alongside Alexandra Wilson. On November 6, 2014, the show's 4:00-5:30 a.m. time slot was replaced by long-form programming (from 4-5 a.m.) and an extended "Wake Up with Al" from 5 to 5:30 a.m. ET. On November 8, 2014, the weekend 4-5 a.m. ET and noon-2 p.m. editions were also replaced by long-form programming. So as a result, "Weather Center Live" only aired from 11:00 a.m. to 8:00 p.m. ET weekdays and 5:00 a.m. to noon ET on weekends.

paragraphs: In mid-November, Weather Center Live began airing at 10:00 a.m. weekdays, canceling the rebroadcast of "Wake Up with Al".

paragraphs: On January 31, 2015, the 5:00-9:00 a.m. edition was replaced by "AMHQ Weekend" hosted by Reynolds Wolf and Kait Parker. On March 14, 2015, the 9:00 a.m. to noon edition was replaced by "Weekend Recharge" hosted by Maria LaRosa and Paul Goodloe. Weather Center Live became a weekday only show, airing from 10:00 a.m. to 8:00 p.m. Eastern Time.

paragraphs: On August 24, 2015, the 6:00 to 8:00 p.m. edition was replaced by "Weather Underground", hosted by Mike Bettes and Alex Wilson. On June 4, 2018, Weather Center Live was shortened by an hour, ending at 5 p.m. ET.

paragraphs: In December 2018, Weather Center Live began being known as "The Weather Channel LIVE" only on electronic program guides.


title: Ivan Drach

paragraphs: Ivan Fedorovych Drach (, 17 October 1936 – 19 June 2018) was a Ukrainian poet, screenwriter, literary critic, politician, and political activist. He was born in Kyiv Oblast. In the spring of 1990, Drach was elected to the Verkhovna Rada from Artemivsk (№ 259) constituency.

paragraphs: Drach took part in literary evenings where innovative poems were read. He made his debut in 1961, when his poem-tragedy "Knife in the Sun" was published in the Kyiv literary newspaper. rach worked in the newspapers "Literary Ukraine" and "Fatherland".

paragraphs: Drach played an important role in the founding of Rukh – the People's Movement of Ukraine – and led the organisation from 1989 to 1992.

paragraphs: Drach died 19 June 2018 in Kiev from a heart attack at the age of 81.


title: Bucky Pizzarelli

paragraphs: John Paul "Bucky" Pizzarelli (January 9, 1926 – April 1, 2020) was an American jazz guitarist. He was born in Paterson, New Jersey. He worked for NBC as a staffman for Dick Cavett (1971) and ABC with Bobby Rosengarden in (1952). He also worked for Benny Goodman, Joe Negri, Les Paul, and Stéphane Grappelli. In 2011, he was honored in the New Jersey Hall of Fame.

paragraphs: Pizzarelli died on April 1, 2020 in Saddle River, New Jersey of COVID-19 at the age of 94.


title: Pillowtalk

paragraphs: "Pillowtalk" is a song recorded by English singer Zayn Malik. It is his first single since leaving the boy band One Direction. The song is a ballad about sex. It entered at the top of the charts in the UK, US, Ireland, Australia, and Canada.

paragraphs: The music video features model Gigi Hadid as Malik's love interest.

paragraphs: "Pillowtalk" was certified triple-platinum in the US for shipments of over three million copies in that country.


title: Ernesto Samper

paragraphs: Ernesto Samper Pizano (born 3 August 1950) is a Colombian politician. He served as the 29th President of Colombia from 1994 to 1998, representing the Liberal Party.


title: Álvaro Uribe

paragraphs: Álvaro Uribe Vélez (born 4 July 1952) is a Colombian politician. He served as the 31st President of Colombia from 7 August 2002 to 7 August 2010. He was named Mayor of Medellín in October 1982 by Belisario Betancur.

paragraphs: On 13 January 2009 the United States awarded President Uribe the Presidential Medal of Freedom by President George W. Bush.

paragraphs: In August 2010 he was appointed Vice-chairman of the UN panel investigating the Gaza flotilla raid. Uribe was critical of his successor Juan Manuel Santos's peace-talks with the FARC guerillas.


title: Stephanie Sigman

paragraphs: Stephanie Sigman (born February 28, 1987) is a Mexican-American actress.. She was born in Ciudad Obregón, Sonora, Mexico. Her first movie role was in the 2011 drama movie "Miss Bala".

paragraphs: Sigman is known for her roles in "Pioneer" (2013), "Spectre" (2015), "Going Under" (2016), and "" (2017). On television, Sigman starred as Valeria Vélez in the first and second seasons of Netflix crime thriller, "Narcos" (2015).


title: Gabriela de la Garza

paragraphs: Gabriela de la Garza (born October 3, 1976), is a Mexican actress. She was born in Mexico City. She is known for her roles as Laura in the 2007 miniseries "Como ama una mujer" and as Diana Turbay in the Netflix series "Narcos".


title: Narcos

paragraphs: Narcos is an American Netflix drama-crime series created and produced by Chris Brancato, Carlo Bernard, and Doug Miro. It was first released on August 28, 2015.

paragraphs: Seasons one and two are based on the story of Pablo Escobar, who became a billionaire through the production and selling of cocaine. Season three picks up after the fall of Escobar and continues to follow the DEA as they go up against the rise of the infamous Cali Cartel.

paragraphs: The series stars Wagner Moura as Escobar alongside Pedro Pascal, Boyd Holbrook, Luis Guzmán, Stephanie Sigman, Paulina Gaitán, Gabriela de la Garza and Raúl Méndez as President César Gaviria with Patrick St. Esprit as Major Lou Wysession.


title: Wagner Moura

paragraphs: Wagner Maniçoba de Moura (; born 27 June 1976) is a Brazilian actor. He is known for his roles as Spider in the science fiction movie "Elysium" (2013) and the lead role of Pablo Escobar in the Netflix series "Narcos" from 2015 to 2016, for which he received a Golden Globe nomination.


title: 2019 FIFA Women's World Cup

paragraphs: The 2019 FIFA Women's World Cup was the eighth FIFA Women's World Cup. It was hosted by France and ran from 7 June to 7 July 2019. France won the right to host the event in March 2015; the first time the country hosted the tournament, and the third time in Europe. Matches are planned for nine cities across France. The format of the tournament is 24 competing teams, including the host nation. The defending champions are the United States. Chile made its first appearance at this FIFA Women's World Cup edition, and Italy took part in the event for the first time since 1999.

paragraphs: The match schedule for the tournament was released on 8 February 2018.

paragraphs: The four best third-placed teams from the six groups go to the knockout stage along with the six group winners and six runners-up.

paragraphs: In the knockout stage, if a match is level at the end of 90 minutes of normal playing time, extra time is played (two periods of 15 minutes each), where each team is allowed to make a fourth substitution. If the score is still level after extra time, the winners are determined by a penalty shoot-out.


title: Gabriel Braga Nunes

paragraphs: Gabriel Braga Nunes (born February 7, 1972) is a Brazilian actor. He is best known for his work in telenovelas "Essas Mulheres", "Cidadão Brasileiro", "Caminhos do Coração" and "Poder Paralelo". He played a main role in "Insensato Coração" for Rede Globo.


title: Amador City, California

paragraphs: Amador City (formerly, Amadore's Creek and South Amador) is a city in Amador County, California, United States. The population was 185 at the 2010 census, down from 196 at the 2000 census.


title: Jackson, California

paragraphs: Jackson (formerly, Botilleas, Botilleas Spring, Bottileas, Bottle Spring, and Botellas) is the county seat of Amador County in the U.S. state of California. The population was 4,651 at the 2010 census and 3,989 at the 2000 census. The city is connected to State Route 49 and State Route 88.


title: Flawil

paragraphs: Flawil is a municipality of the canton of St. Gallen in Switzerland. About 10,000 people live there.

paragraphs: It is the regional centre of Untertoggenburg, but is part of the Wil electoral district.


title: Herrenberg

paragraphs: Herrenberg is a town in the middle of Baden-Württemberg. It is about 30 km

paragraphs: south of Stuttgart and 20 km from Tübingen. After Sindelfingen, Böblingen, and Leonberg, it is the fourth largest town in the district of Böblingen.


title: Ian Kinsler

paragraphs: Ian Michael Kinsler (born June 22, 1982) is a second baseman for the Los Angeles Angels of Major League Baseball. He started playing in the major leagues in 2006 with the Texas Rangers, and he stayed with Texas through the 2013 season. Kinsler played for the Detroit Tigers from 2014–2017. He has been an All-Star five times and he won a Gold Glove Award in 2016.


title: Mike Trout

paragraphs: Michael Nelson Trout (born August 7, 1991) is a center fielder for the Los Angeles Angels of Major League Baseball. He has played for the Angels since he joined the major leagues in 2011. He was the Rookie of the Year in 2012, and the Most Valuable Player in the American League in 2014, 2016 and 2019. Trout has been an All-Star six times.


title: Peter Dragone

paragraphs: Peter B. Dragone is an American entrepreneur based in Greater Boston. Peter is well-known for founding Keurig, Inc., a commercial beverage brewing company.

paragraphs: In November 1998, he was granted two patents for "Beverage filter cartridge", along with John E. Sylvan.

paragraphs: Peter, obtained a BA from Colby College and an MA from Middlebury College. He also attended at Harvard Business School and received an MBA degree in 1985. 1992, Peter co-founded Keurig, Inc., a beverage brewing system for home and commercial use. Peter and Sylvan developed a new kind of coffee maker for the company, which was well-received by customers. According to "Boston.com", "one out of every four home coffee makers sold in the United States was a Keurig". In 1997, Peter left the company and decided to keep his stakes. In 2014, Keurig, Inc. was acquired by "JAB Holding Company" for nearly $14 billion.


title: Boyd Holbrook

paragraphs: Robert Boyd Holbrook (born September 1, 1981) is an American actor and fashion model. He is known for his roles in "Milk", "Out of the Furnace", "Run All Night", "A Walk Among the Tombstones", and "Gone Girl", and starred as DEA Agent Steve Murphy in Netflix series "Narcos".


title: Igor Muradyan

paragraphs: Igor Muradyan (, April 29, 1957 – June 17, 2018) was an Armenian political activist. He was one of the earliest leaders of the Karabakh movement, along with

paragraphs: Zori Balayan, Silva Kaputikyan and Viktor Hambardzumyan.

paragraphs: Muradyan died in Yerevan, Armenia on June 17, 2018 at the age of 61.


title: Nathan Shaham

paragraphs: Nathan Shaham (Hebrew: נתן שחם; born 1925 – June 18, 2018) was an Israeli writer. In 2012, he was awarded the Israeli Prize. Shaham was editor-in-chief of Sifriat Poalim Publishing House. He was Israel's cultural attaché in the United States from 1977–80, and a former vice-chairman of the Israel Broadcasting Authority.

paragraphs: His best known novel was "Tabula Rasa" (2010).

paragraphs: Shaham died in his home in Beit Alfa on June 18, 2018 from complications of Alzheimer's disease, aged 93.


title: Stanley Cavell

paragraphs: Stanley Louis Cavell (; September 1, 1926 – June 19, 2018) was an American philosopher. He was the Walter M. Cabot Professor of Aesthetics and the General Theory of Value, Emeritus, at Harvard University. He worked in the fields of ethics, aesthetics, and ordinary language philosophy.

paragraphs: His influential works were on Wittgenstein, Austin, Emerson, Thoreau, and Heidegger. His work is seen and known by its conversational tone and many literary references.

paragraphs: Cavell died in Boston, Massachusetts of heart failure on June 19, 2018 at the age of 91.


title: Roger Sessions

paragraphs: Roger Huntington Sessions (December 28, 1896March 16, 1985) was an American composer, teacher, and writer on music. He was born in Brooklyn, New York. He studied at Harvard University, Yale University and at Smith College. He won two Pulitzer Prizes in 1974 and in 1982.

paragraphs: Sessions taught at Princeton University (from 1936), moved to the University of California, Berkeley, where he taught from 1945 to 1953, and then returned to Princeton until retiring in 1965. He was elected a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1961.

paragraphs: Sessions was appointed Bloch Professor at Berkeley (1966–67), and gave the Charles Eliot Norton Lectures at Harvard University in 1968–69. He continued to teach on a part-time basis at the Juilliard School from 1966 until 1983.

paragraphs: Sessions died at the age of 88 in Princeton, New Jersey on March 16, 1985.


title: Juilliard School

paragraphs: The Juilliard School (), informally called Juilliard it is located in the Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts on the Upper West Side of Manhattan, New York City. It is a performing arts conservatory established in 1905.

paragraphs: The school trains about 850 undergraduate and graduate students in dance, drama, and music. It is thought to be as one of the world's leading music and dance schools, with some of the best arts programs.

paragraphs: In 2016, Juilliard was ranked as the world's best institution for Performing Arts in their inaugural global ranking of the discipline.


title: J. L. Austin

paragraphs: John Langshaw "J. L." Austin (26 March 1911 – 8 February 1960) was a British philosopher of language. He was born in Lancaster, Lancashire. He was a known supporter of ordinary language philosophy. He was perhaps best known for developing the theory of speech acts. He worked at Oxford University.

paragraphs: He was awarded Order of the British Empire for his services during World War II.

paragraphs: Austin died of lung cancer in Oxford on 8 February 1960 at the age of 48.


title: Luis Guzmán

paragraphs: Luis Guzmán (born August 28, 1956) is a Puerto Rican actor.

paragraphs: He starred in Steven Soderbergh's movies, "Out of Sight", "The Limey" and "Traffic". He also starred in Paul Thomas Anderson's movies, "Boogie Nights", "Magnolia" and "Punch-Drunk Love". He recently starred in the HBO original series "How to Make It in America" and the Netflix series "Narcos".


title: Sutton, Vermont

paragraphs: Sutton is a town in Caledonia County, Vermont, United States. The population was 1,029 at the 2010 census.


title: Paulina Gaitán

paragraphs: Paulina Gaitán Ruíz (born February 19, 1992) is a Mexican actress. She is known for her roles in the Netflix original series "Narcos" as Tata, the wife of narcotrafficante Pablo Escobar and as Violetta, the female lead in the 2018 Amazon Prime Original Series "Diablo Guardián".


title: Necar Zadegan

paragraphs: Necar Zadegan () (born June 20, 1982) is a German born American actress. She was born in Heidelberg, Germany, but was raised in San Francisco, California. She is best known for her role as First Lady (and then President) Dalia Hassan on "24" and Delia Banai on "Girlfriends' Guide to Divorce".


title: Raúl Méndez

paragraphs: Raúl Méndez Martínez (born April 11, 1975) is a Mexican actor. He was born in Laguna, Torreón, Mexico. He is known for his roles in "El sexo débil", "El Señor de los Cielos" and as President César Gaviria in the Netflix series "Narcos".


title: Patrick St. Esprit

paragraphs: Patrick St. Esprit (born May 18, 1954) is an American character actor. He was born in California. He is best known as Romulus Thread in "", Elliot Oswald in "Sons of Anarchy", Secretary Alexander Haig in "Killing Reagan" and as Major Lou Wysession in the Netflix series "Narcos".


title: Dante Caputo

paragraphs: Dante Mauricio Caputo (25 November 1943 – 20 June 2018) was an Argentine academic and politician. He was born in Buenos Aires. He served as Minister of Foreign Relations under President Raúl Alfonsín from 1983 to 1989. Caputo served as President of the United Nations General Assembly from 1988 to 1989.

paragraphs: Caputo died of pancreatic cancer in Buenos Aires on 20 June 2018, aged 74.


title: Rudy Insanally

paragraphs: Samuel Rudolph "Rudy" Insanally (born 23 January 1936) is a Guyanese diplomat. He serves as Guyana's Permanent Representative to the United Nations since 1987 and was Minister of Foreign Affairs of Guyana from 2001 to 2008.


title: Didier Opertti

paragraphs: Didier Opertti Badán (born 23 April 1937) is a Uruguayan political figure and lawyer. Opertti served as the interior minister of Uruguay from 1995 to 1998 in the government of Julio María Sanguinetti. He also served as foreign minister under both Presidents Sanguinetti and Jorge Batlle from 1998 until March 1, 2005.

paragraphs: He served as the President of the United Nations General Assembly from 1998 to 1999.


title: Princess Elisabeth of Denmark

paragraphs: Princess Elisabeth of Denmark, RE (born "Elisabeth Caroline-Mathilde Alexandrine Helena Olga Thyra Feodora Estrid Margrethe Désirée"; 8 May 1935 – 19 June 2018) was a Danish princess. She was born in Copenhagen. She was the daughter of Hereditary Prince Knud and Hereditary Princess Caroline-Mathilde of Denmark.

paragraphs: Princess Elisabeth was a first cousin of the present Danish monarch, Queen Margrethe II. She belonged to the House of Glücksburg.

paragraphs: Princess Elisabeth died on 19 June 2018 in Copenhagen at the age of 82.


title: Frederik, Crown Prince of Denmark

paragraphs: Frederik, Crown Prince of Denmark, Count of Monpezat, RE, SKmd (; born 26 May 1968) is the heir apparent to the throne of Denmark. Frederik is the elder son of Queen Margrethe II and the late Henrik, Prince Consort.

paragraphs: His official title in Danish is "Hans Kongelige Højhed Kronprins Frederik til Danmark, Greve af Monpezat" (His Royal Highness Crown Prince Frederik of Denmark, Count of Monpezat).


title: Hubert Green

paragraphs: Hubert Myatt Green (December 28, 1946 – June 19, 2018) was an American professional golfer. He was born in Birmingham, Alabama. He won 29 professional golf tournaments, including two major championships: the 1977 U.S. Open and the 1985 PGA Championship. He was added into the World Golf Hall of Fame in 2007.

paragraphs: Green died on June 19, 2018 from throat cancer in Florida, aged 71.


title: Sándor Kányádi

paragraphs: Sándor Kányádi (; May 10, 1929 – June 20, 2018) was an Romanian-born Hungarian poet and translator. He was born in Porumbeni, Romania. He was a major contributor to Hungarian children's literature. His works have been translated into many languages ranging from English to French. His best known poem was "In Contemporary Tense". Kányádi was awarded the Kossuth Prize and the Herder Prize.

paragraphs: Kányádi died in Budapest on June 20, 2018 from respiratory tract infection at the age of 89.


title: Abby Lee Miller

paragraphs: Abigale “Abby” Lee Miller (born September 21, 1965) is an American dance instructor, television personality and choreographer. She was born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Miller is the director and owner of Reign Dance Productions. She was also the founder of the Abby Lee Dance Company and appeared on the reality television series "Dance Moms" for seven seasons.

paragraphs: In December 2010, Miller filed for bankruptcy and owed more than $400,000 in taxes. In June 2016, she pleaded guilty to felony bankruptcy fraud and was sentenced in May 2017 to one year and a day in federal prison.

paragraphs: In April 2018, she was diagnosed with lymphoma, a type of cancer.


title: Koko (gorilla)

paragraphs: Hanabiko "Koko" (July 4, 1971 – June 19, 2018) was a female Western lowland gorilla, cared for by Penny Paterson. She was known for having learned a large number of hand signs from a modified version of American Sign Language (ASL). Koko was able to understand more than 1,000 signs of what Patterson calls "Gorilla Sign Language" (GSL).

paragraphs: Koko was born at the San Francisco Zoo and lived most of her life in Woodside, California. Koko gained public attention upon initial reportage of her adopting a kitten as a pet.

paragraphs: Koko was also known for meeting many celebrities such as Robin Williams and Mr. Rogers.

paragraphs: Koko died on June 19, 2018 in Woodside, California at the age of 46.


title: Western lowland gorilla

paragraphs: The western lowland gorilla ("Gorilla gorilla gorilla") is one of two subspecies of the western gorilla ("Gorilla gorilla") that lives in forests in the mountains and in swamps in central Africa in Angola, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Republic of the Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Equatorial Guinea and Gabon.

paragraphs: Gorillas are intelligent and understand simple sign language. Koko was a famous western lowland gorilla who communicated in sign language.

paragraphs: The Western lowland gorilla is the only subspecies kept in zoos except for one female Eastern lowland gorilla named Amahoro who lives at the Antwerp Zoo and a few Mountain gorillas in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.


title: Western gorilla

paragraphs: The western gorilla ("Gorilla gorilla") is a great ape. They are the type species as well as the most populous species of the genus "Gorilla". Nearly all of the individuals of this taxon belong to the western lowland gorilla subspecies. The other subspecies are the Cross River gorilla.

paragraphs: Western gorillas are generally lighter colored than eastern gorillas. Western lowland gorillas have black, dark grey or dark brown-grey fur with a brownish forehead. Measurements of wild individuals show that mature males average in height.


title: Cross River gorilla

paragraphs: The Cross River gorilla ("Gorilla gorilla diehli") is a subspecies of the western gorilla ("Gorilla gorilla").

paragraphs: The Cross River gorilla was first described as a new species of Western gorilla by Paul Matschie, a mammalian taxonomist, in 1904.

paragraphs: According a study published by the American Museum of Natural History, the Cross River gorilla has been described as having smaller dentitions, smaller palates, smaller cranial vaults, and shorter skulls than other western gorillas.


title: Eastern gorilla

paragraphs: The eastern gorilla ("Gorilla beringei") is a critically endangered species of the genus "Gorilla" and the largest living primate. The species is subdivided into two subspecies. Grauer's gorilla, formerly known as the eastern lowland gorilla ("G. b. graueri") is more populous, at about 3,800. The mountain gorilla ("G. b. beringei") has only about 880. Illegal hunting of these gorillas are the reason why they may go extinct.


title: Eastern lowland gorilla

paragraphs: The eastern lowland gorilla or Grauer's gorilla ("Gorilla beringei graueri") is a subspecies of eastern gorilla. It is native to the mountainous forests of eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo.

paragraphs: It is the largest of the four gorilla subspecies. It has jet black coats like the mountain gorilla ("Gorilla beringei beringei"), although the hair is shorter on the head and body. The male's coat, like that of other gorillas, greys as the animal matures, resulting in the designation "silverback".