title: Surfactant

paragraphs: A surfactant is a chemical that lowers the surface tension of a liquid. Less surface tension lets the liquid soak into things better, and can also let bubbles form easier. A liquid that bubbles and soaks into things is better at cleaning, so surfactants are used in soap.

paragraphs: Every year, 15 million tons of surfactants are made. Half of them are used in soap; the rest are used in many different ways including making toothpaste and concrete.

paragraphs: One popular surfactant is sodium laurel sulfate, also called sodium dodecyl sulfate or SDS. SDS is a cheap, commonly used surfactant that is used in almost every toothpaste and many shampoos, body washes, and shaving creams.

paragraphs: Small amounts of most common surfactants are usually not harmful to people or animals, although if they get into eyes they can be painful. Very large amounts of surfactants can kill animals, but the amount varies depending on the surfactant.

paragraphs: Larger amounts of surfactants can be a problem in the environment, where they let the soil hold more water than usual, but this problem usually goes away in a few days.


title: Atatürk Olympic Stadium

paragraphs: The Atatürk Olympic Stadium () is a sports stadium in Istanbul, Turkey. It has a seating capacity of 76,092. This makes it the biggest stadium in the country. Building began on the stadium in 1997. It was completed in 2002. It mostly plays host to football matches. It is the home stadium of the Turkey national football team, and formerly to Galatasaray, Beşiktaş and İstanbul Başakşehir.

paragraphs: The Atatürk Olympic Stadium was named after Mustafa Kemal Atatürk. On 25 May 2005, the stadium held the 2005 UEFA Champions League Final between Milan and Liverpool.


title: Bellagio

paragraphs: Bellagio is a small town on the shores of Lake Como in northern Italy. The southern part of Lake Como is split into two branches by a peninsula. The peninsula is shaped like a triangle. Bellagio is on the northern tip of the peninsula. In 2017 about 3,700 people lived in Bellagio. The Ancient Romans called the town "Bilacus".


title: Emily Davison

paragraphs: Emily Wilding Davison was born in Blackheath in southeast London on 11 October 1872. She studied at Royal Holloway College and at Oxford University, although women were not allowed to take degrees at that time.

paragraphs: In 1906, she joined the Women's Social and Political Union (WSPU), founded by Emmeline Pankhurst. Three years later she gave up her job as a teacher and went to work full-time for the suffragettes. She was frequently arrested for causing a public disturbance and burning post boxes. She spent a number of short periods in jail.

paragraphs: In 1909, she was sentenced to a month's hard labour in Strangeways Prison in Manchester after throwing rocks at the carriage of chancellor David Lloyd George. She attempted to starve herself, and resisted force-feeding. A prison guard, angered by Davison's blockading herself in her cell, forced a hose into the room and nearly filled it with water. She sued the wardens of Strangeways, and was awarded 40 shillings.

paragraphs: By 1911, Davison was becoming increasingly militant. On 4 June 1913, she ran out in front of the king's horse as it was taking part in the Epsom Derby. Her purpose was unclear, but she was trampled on and died on 8 June from her injuries.


title: Impalement

paragraphs: Impalement was a torturing and execution method which had the victim sit on a spiked pole.


title: History of cricket

paragraphs: The sport of cricket came about in the 16th century, it started in the southeast of England. It became the country's national sport in the 18th century. It developed globally in the 19th and 20th centuries. International matches have been played since 1844. Test matches started in 1877. Cricket is the most popular spectator sport after soccer (association football).

paragraphs: In order to play modern day cricket you need a helmet, batting gloves, leg pads, a box and a cricket bat. In each team there are eleven players on the field at a time. There is a bowler and a wicket keeper and the rest of the team field. The cricket pitch is oval and where the batsman is, is called the square.


title: Packet switching

paragraphs: A header is used by networking hardware to direct packets to its destination,

paragraphs: A payload is the thing extracted after it has reached its destination (thanks to the header)

paragraphs: The workstation creates a packet, and stamps it with the destination's IP Address and forwards it to a router, the router's job is to find out how to get the packet to the desired destination.

paragraphs: Breaking communication down into packets allows the same information to be shared amongst many users in a network.

paragraphs: A type of small network where packets (small units of data) are routed through a network based on the destination address contained in each packet.

paragraphs: “A data packet is a unit of data made into a single package that travels along a given network path. Data packets are used in Internet Protocol (IP) transmissions for data that navigates the Web, and in other kinds of networks.”


title: Tunley

paragraphs: Tunley is a small one road village in Camerton, Somerset, near Bath. It has its own football club - Tunley Athletic - who play in the Somerset League Division 2 East. There are a few establishments in the village, including a recreation centre, an inn and a pet care store. The road that runs through Tunley is the B3115.

paragraphs: Lower Tunley Farm is the main producer of milk for the local community and is sold in the local Tunley stores. The houses in Tunley are a post-war age and are made of the traditional Bath stone. Tunley is a typically quiet village and there is never any trouble caused by the locals. The people of the village are friendly with one another and welcome any visitors to the village.

paragraphs: Tunley Camp is an Iron Age hill fort situated approximately 0.8 miles (1.3 km) north-east from Camerton. The hill fort comprises the slight earthwork remains of the hill fort which is now nearly ploughed down. It is a scheduled monument.


title: Per Zennstrom

paragraphs: Per Zennström is an award winning fashion photographer, and author based in Berlin. Zennström received the Hasselblad Masters Award in March 2002. Zennström is known for his short film "White Noise White Shores" which was part of the official screening at the Miami Fashion Film Festival 2014.

paragraphs: Zennström dropped-out of his photography studies in University of Gothenburg, and spent 2 years assisting Swedish photographer Björn Keller. Later Zennström moved on to became an assistant to influential fashion photographer Steven Meisel in New York. Per Zennström moved to Paris in 1992 and started to work for fashion clients such as Dior, Guy Laroche, Nina Ricci and Galeries Lafayette. Per Zennström has published four books "New Work", "Berlin+Stockholm", "Walking The Dog" and "Venus Murex".

paragraphs: According to Deutsche Welle, "Zennström enjoys experimenting with the latest techniques."

paragraphs: Zennström's father was the author and journalist Per-Olof Zennström. His sister is the author and translator Maria Zennström.


title: Kyle McCulloch

paragraphs: Kyle McCulloch (born November 11, 1962) is a Canadian television writer, producer and voice actor. He is best known for writing for the cartoon shows "South Park" and "SpongeBob SquarePants". He also created and voiced the title character of the web series "Mr. Wong" (2000–2001).

paragraphs: McCulloch is from Winnipeg, Manitoba. He now lives in Los Angeles, California, United States.


title: Dubrovytsia

paragraphs: Dubrovytsia (, , , ) is a town in Rivne Oblast, Ukraine. It is administrative center of Dubrovytsia Raion, and is the site of the now ruined Jewish shtetl of Dombrovitza. In 2001, 9,644 people lived there.


title: Tomb Raider (2013 video game)

paragraphs: Tomb Raider is an action-adventure video game. It was developed by Crystal Dynamics. It was published by Square Enix. It is the tenth game in the "Tomb Raider" series. The game is single-player but also has multiplayer support. It was released on 5 March 2013 for Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360, in January 2014 for OS X, PlayStation 4 and Xbox One and on 27 April 2016 for Linux. A sequel, "Rise of the Tomb Raider", was released in 2015.

paragraphs: The game tells the origins of the protagonist Lara Croft on her first adventure, searching for Yamatai on a mysterious island. She must learn to survive as she fights bandits, learns the secrets of the island and rescues allies.


title: Meghan, Duchess of Sussex

paragraphs: Meghan, Duchess of Sussex (Rachel Meghan; née Markle; August 4, 1981) is an American member of the British Royal Family through her marriage to Prince Harry, Duke of Sussex, and former actress, model and humanitarian. Starting in 2011, she played Rachel Zane in the legal drama series "Suits". She had the role of Amy Jessup in the Fox science fiction-drama "Fringe".

paragraphs: Markle was born at West Park Hospital in Canoga Park, Los Angeles, California. She grew up in the View Park-Windsor Hills and Hollywood neighborhoods of Los Angeles County. Her father is of a Dutch and Irish background and her mother is African American. She was married to producer Trevor Engelson from 2011 to 2013.

paragraphs: Markle began dating Prince Harry of Wales in June 2016. They became engaged in November 2017. In preparation for the wedding, the Archbishop of Canterbury, Justin Welby, baptised Markle and confirmed her into the Church of England on March 6, 2018. The couple married at St George's Chapel, Windsor Castle on May 19, 2018. After their wedding, they became the Duke and Duchess of Sussex. In October 2018, it was announced that the Duchess was pregnant with the couple's first child. The baby, Archie Harrison Mountbatten-Windsor, was born on May 6, 2019.


title: Cristina Stamate

paragraphs: Cristina Stamate (8 September 1946 – 27 November 2017) was a Romanian actress. She was born in Bucharest. She was best known for her stage performances. She spent most of her career at the Teatrul de Revistă Constantin Tănase in Bucharest. She appeared in two movies, "Grăbește-te încet" (1981) and "Secretul lui Bachus" (1984).

paragraphs: Stamate died on 27 November 2017 in Bucharest after having a stroke. She was 71. On the day of her death, she learned of the death of her friend, actress Stela Popescu.


title: Golshifteh Farahani

paragraphs: Golshifteh Farahani (, born Rahavard Farahani; 10 July 1983) is an Iranian-French actress, musician and singer. She is best known for her roles in the movies "Body of Lies" (2008), "The Patience Stone" (2012), "" (2014), "Paterson" (2016), "" (2017) and "The Upside" (2019). In 2016, she portrayed the title character in the stage version of "Anna Karenina".

paragraphs: Farahani was born in Tehran. Her father is actor Behzad Farahani and her sister is actress Shaghayegh Farahani. She was married to Amin Mahdavi from 2004 to 2013. She married Australian Christos Dorje Walker in 2015.

paragraphs: In 2012, she was banned from returning to Iran for posing naked in a French magazine.


title: Zla Kolata

paragraphs: Zla Kolata is a mountain in Montenegro. The mountain lies on the border between Montenegro and Albania. It is the highest point in Montenegro, 2534 meters high.


title: Luemschwiller

paragraphs: Luemschwiller is a commune. It is found in the Haut-Rhin department of eastern France.


title: Luttenbach-près-Munster

paragraphs: Luttenbach-près-Munster is a commune in the Haut-Rhin department in Grand Est in north-eastern France.


title: Amboise

paragraphs: Amboise is a commune in central France’s Loire Valley. It is in the Indre-et-Loire department. It covers . In 2014, 13,371 people lived there.

paragraphs: Amboise is known for the Château d'Amboise, a 15th-century castle. King Charles VIII lived there. Leonardo da Vinci's tomb is there. There are royal chambers, gardens and underground passageways.

paragraphs: Near Amboise is Château du Clos Lucé, da Vinci's former home. Da Vinci lived there until his death in 1519. It has a small museum displaying working models of his designs.


title: Grammy Award for Best Spoken Word Album

paragraphs: The Grammy Award for Best Spoken Word Album has been awarded since 1959. The category now also includes audio books, poetry readings and story telling.

paragraphs: Three United States Presidents have won the award: Jimmy Carter, Bill Clinton and Barack Obama, along with spoken recordings of John F. Kennedy and Franklin D. Roosevelt. Four U.S. Senators have won: Barack Obama, Everett Dirksen, Al Franken, and Hillary Clinton.


title: Bogdan Maglich

paragraphs: Bogdan Castle Maglich (also spelled Maglic or Maglić) (August 5, 1928 in Sombor, Yugoslavia – November 25, 2017 in Newport Beach, California) was a Yugoslav-born American experimental nuclear physicist and the leading supporter of a purported non-radioactive aneutronic fusion energy source. Maglich built 4 models of "Migma".


title: Hou Bo

paragraphs: Hou Bo (侯波) (1924–26 November 2017) was a Chinese photographer. With her husband Xu Xiaobing, they were among the best known photographers of Mao Zedong. She joined the Communist Party at the age of fourteen and learned photography during the Second Sino-Japanese War.

paragraphs: After 1949, she and Xu Xiaobing lived in the same compound as Mao and took both official photos, some used for posters and publicity, which became the most widely circulated photos of Mao, and some family photos, taken informally behind the scenes.

paragraphs: Among her best known photographs are "The Founding of the PRC" (1949), "Mao Zedong Swimming Across the Yangzi" (1955), "Chairman Mao at Work in an Airplane" (1959), and "Mao Zedong with Students from Latin America" (1959), which won First Prize in the National Photography Exhibition of 1959.

paragraphs: Hou died on 26 November 2017 in Beijing at the age of 93.


title: Bud Moore

paragraphs: Walter Maynard "Bud" Moore Jr. (May 25, 1925 – November 27, 2017) was a NASCAR driver and car owner. He was born in Spartanburg, South Carolina. Moore worked the Bud Moore Engineering team. He was a decorated veteran of World War II, he described himself as "an old country mechanic who loved to make 'em run fast".

paragraphs: Moore served in World War II as a member of the United States Army. He took part of the Normandy landings. After Normandy, he went on to fight in the Battle of the Bulge and ended his military service as a sergeant. During his military service, Moore was awarded five Purple Hearts and two Bronze Star Medals.

paragraphs: When he returned from the war, he began a career in stock car racing as a crew chief. In the 1960s, he opened Bud Moore Engineering, a team that went on to win three NASCAR Grand National Series championships and 63 races for 37 years until its shutdown in 1999.

paragraphs: Moore was inducted into the NASCAR Hall of Fame in 2011.

paragraphs: Moore died on November 27, 2017 in Spartanburg at the age of 92.


title: Richard Cordray

paragraphs: Richard Adams Cordray (born May 3, 1959) is an American lawyer and politician who was the first Director of the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau from 2012 to 2017. Before to his appointment, Cordray was Ohio's Attorney General, Solicitor General, and Treasurer.

paragraphs: Cordray left the agency in November 2017, with many people believing that he would declare his candidacy for Governor of Ohio in the 2018 gubernatorial election. He declared his candidacy in 2018 only to lose the general election to Republican Mike DeWine.


title: Consumer Financial Protection Bureau

paragraphs: The Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB) is an agency of the United States government. It was established by President Barack Obama in 2011.

paragraphs: It is responsible for consumer protection in the financial sector. They work within banks, credit unions, securities firms, payday lenders, mortgage-servicing operations, foreclosure relief services, debt collectors and other financial companies operating in the United States.

paragraphs: The CFPB's creation was made by the Dodd–Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, whose passage in 2010 was a legislative response to the financial crisis of 2007–08 and the eventual Great Recession. The CFPB was established as an independent agency, but this status is being reviewed by the U.S. Court of Appeals.

paragraphs: The first director of the CFPB was Ohio politician Richard Cordray who served from 2012 through 2017. The current Director is Kathleen Kraninger since December 11, 2018.


title: Patrícia Gabancho

paragraphs: Patrícia Gabancho Ghielmetti (29 September 1952 – 28 November 2017) was an Argentine-born Spanish journalist and author. She was born in Buenos Aires. Her work and personal life were based in Barcelona, Spain. She wrote books on the history of Catalonia, the city life in Barcelona and on Tango.

paragraphs: Gabancho died on 28 November 2017 in Barcelona of lung cancer at the age of 65.


title: Unit load device

paragraphs: A unit load device, or ULD, (ULD) is a pallet or a container. It is used to load luggage, freight, and mail on wide-body aircraft and specific narrow-body aircraft. It allows a large quantity of cargo to be bundled into a single unit. As with other cargo transport, this leads to fewer units to load, it saves ground crews time and effort and helps prevent delayed flights. Each ULD has its own packing list (or "manifest") so that its contents can be tracked.

paragraphs: There are two kinds of unit load devices: pallets and boxes. The boxes are similar to shipping containers: they are mostly made with metal (usually aluminum) and have standard attachment points that let them be moved easily. The pallets are usually metal with sides that attach to a cargo net. Below is a table of sizes of ULDs. The volume listed is the internal volume, the size of the inside of the container.


title: Landmass

paragraphs: Landmasses are masses of land, usually separated by an ocean, isthmus, or a canal. Some examples of landmasses are: North America and South America, separated by a canal.


title: Dhyan Chand

paragraphs: Dhyan Chand (29 August 1905 – 3 December 1979) was an Indian field hockey player. He is known as the greatest field hockey player of all time. His skill is compared to footballer Pelé.

paragraphs: His birthday, 29th August, is celebrated as National Sports Day in India every year. He received the Padma Bhushan from the Government of India in 1956.

paragraphs: Chand earned three Olympic gold medals in field hockey. These were at the 1928, 1932, and 1936 games.

paragraphs: Dhyan Singh was born on 29 August 1905 in Allahabad. His father was in the British Indian Army, and he played hockey in the army. The family moved often because of army transfers. The family finally settled in Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh, India.

paragraphs: Chand joined the Indian Army at the age of 16. The Hindi word "Chand" literally means "the moon". Dhyan was given the nickname Chand because he would wait until the moon was out so that he could practice hockey.

paragraphs: Chand's first international competition was with the Indian Army in New Zealand. The army later gave Chand permission to compete for a place on the Indian Olympic team for Field Hockey.

paragraphs: During the 1928 Olympics, Chand was the top scorer of the tournament, scoring 14 goals in 5 matches. A newspaper report about India's triumph said, “This is not a game of hockey, but magic. Dhyan Chand is in fact the magician of hockey.”

paragraphs: Chand was selected for the 1932 Olympic team without a tryout. The team once again won the gold medal. In the final on 11 August, India played against hosts USA. India won 24-1, a world record at the time.

paragraphs: Chand was again selected without tryout for the 1936 Olympic team. India defeated Germany 8-1 in the final for the gold medal. Chand scored 3 goals.

paragraphs: The Dhyan Chand Award is an award in India for lifetime achievement in sports. The National Stadium, Delhi was renamed Dhyan Chand National Stadium in 2002 in his honour.

paragraphs: Chand's younger brother, Roop Singh, played on the Indian Field Hockey team in the 1932 and 1936 Olympics. His son, Ashok Kumar, won an Olympic bronze medal in 1972 for Field Hockey.

paragraphs: Chand's autobiography, "Goal!", was published by Sport & Pastime, Madras in 1952.


title: Irrawaddy River

paragraphs: The Irrawaddy River or Ayeyarwady River is a river that flows from north to south through Myanmar. It is the country's largest river and most important commercial waterway. It begins where the N'mai and Mali rivers join together. The river ends at the Andaman Sea. The drainage basin is about and covers a large part of Myanmar.

paragraphs: The delta of the Irrawaddy begins about north of the city of Hinthada. The westernmost distributary of the delta is the Pathein (Bassein) River and the easternmost is the Yangon River. The land in the delta is low but it is not flat. The soil is made of fine silt.

paragraphs: A large number of people live in the delta region. Because the soil can be as low as 3 metres above sea level, it is an important area for growing rice.

paragraphs: On 2 May 2008, Cyclone Nargis was a major disaster for the delta. The cyclone reportedly killed at least 77,000 people with over 55,900 missing, and left about 2.5 million homeless.

paragraphs: Annual rainfall in the delta region is about 2,500 mm (100 in). Most of the rain falls during the monsoons which happen between May and November.

paragraphs: There is not a complete list of all the types of fish found along the Irrawaddy River. In 2008, it was estimated that the region is home to 119–195 species of fish found nowhere else in the world.

paragraphs: One of the best-known species in the river is the Irrawaddy dolphin. The dolphin is listed as a vulnerable species, meaning it is at risk to become endangered. In 2016 officials report only 62 dolphins are left in Myanmar.

paragraphs: There are several different ecoregions along the river.

paragraphs: The Irrawaddy River begins where the streams of the Nmai and Mali join. Both of these rivers begin in high and remote mountains near the border with Tibet. In this area rain falls at all seasons of the year, but mostly in the summer. The valleys and lower hill ranges are covered with an evergreen rainforest. At elevations above there are forests of oak and pine. Above , are forests of rhododendrons. Above there are evergreen conifer forests.

paragraphs: The central basin receives little rain. The humidity is always high, which is important for plant life. The area is mostly covered in plains. The forests are mostly filled with teak. The natural habitats in this area have been changed for farming. The wildlife includes many birds, small mammals and reptiles such as the huge Burmese python.

paragraphs: The delta area has mangroves and freshwater swamp forests. It is an extremely fertile area. The lands of the upper and central parts of the delta are almost all used for farming, especially rice. The southern part becomes the Myanmar Coast mangroves. This area has marshes with oxbow lakes, islands, and streams.

paragraphs: Many types of bird are found in the delta. These include the great cormorant, Anatidae, and red junglefowl.

paragraphs: Large mammals include the Malayan sambar deer, Indian hog deer, and wild boar. Other large mammals have only a small number of animals in the delta region. Some species reported to be present include the leopard, Bengal tiger, crab-eating macaque, wild dog, and otters.

paragraphs: The saltwater crocodile can be found in the southern part of the delta. There are five species of sea turtle that are known to nest in Myanmar.

paragraphs: The Irrawaddy River has five major tributaries. Tributaries are rivers that flow into a larger river. The rivers joining the Irrawaddy are, from north to south:

paragraphs: The river flows through or past the following cities:


title: Google Pixel

paragraphs: Google Pixel is a brand of hardware products by Google, including smartphones and laptops.

paragraphs: Google announced the first generation of Pixel smartphones during the October of 2016. They called these smartphones the Pixel and the Pixel XL. Google's main selling feature to promote these phones is their back cameras. Google Pixel phones have unlimited cloud storage for photos through Google Photos

paragraphs: Google announced the Pixel 2 and Pixel 2 XL on the 4th of October, 2017.

paragraphs: The Pixel C was announced by Google at an event on the 29th of September, 2015. The Pixel C has a USB "type-C" port and a 3.5 mm headphone jack. The device included Android 6.0.1 at launch, and later was updated to Android 7.0.

paragraphs: Google announced the first Chromebook Pixel on the 21st of February, 2013.

paragraphs: On the 11th of March, 2015, Google announced the second generation Chromebook Pixel. Google stopped selling it on the 29th of August, 2016.

paragraphs: On the 4th of October, 2017, Google launched the Google Pixelbook at its Made by Google 2017 event.

paragraphs: On the 4th of October, 2017, Google demonstrated a pair of wireless earbuds called the Pixel Buds. They work with phones using Android 6.0 or newer, and they work with Google Assistant. A unique feature of them compared to other wireless earbuds is that they can translate in real-time with in 40 languages through Google Translate.

paragraphs: On the 4th of October, 2017, Google announced the Pixelbook Pen, a stylus usable with the new Pixelbook. It has pressure sensitivity as well as support for Google Assistant.


title: Domhnall Gleeson

paragraphs: Domhnall Gleeson (born 12 May 1983) is an Irish actor and writer. He is best known for his role as General Hux in "" (2015) and "" (2017). He has also appeared in "Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 1" (2010) and "Part 2" (2011), "About Time" (2013), "Unbroken" (2014), "Ex Machina" (2015), "Brooklyn" (2015), "The Revenant" (2015) and "Peter Rabbit" (2018). He was nominated for a Tony Award in 2006 for his role in "The Lieutenant of Inishmore".

paragraphs: Gleeson was born in Dublin. His father, Brendan, and his brother, Brian, are also actors. He is a fan of English football club Aston Villa.


title: Will Poulter

paragraphs: William Jack "Will" Poulter (born 28 January 1993) is a English actor. He is best known for his roles in the movies "Son of Rambow" (2007), "" (2010), "We're the Millers" (2013), "The Maze Runner" (2014), "The Revenant" (2015) and "Detroit" (2017). He won the 2014 BAFTA Rising Star Award.

paragraphs: Poulter was born in Hammersmith, London, England.


title: Slobodan Praljak

paragraphs: Slobodan Praljak (2 January 1945 – 29 November 2017) was a Bosnian Croat engineer, movie and theatre director and army general. He was a general in the Croatian Army and the Croatian Defence Council, an army of the Croatian Republic of Herzeg-Bosnia. In 2013, he was one of six Bosnian Croat politicians sentenced at the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY) for war crimes during the Croat–Bosniak War. He was jailed for twenty years. He directed many television shows and one movie, "Povratak Katarine Kozul" (1989).

paragraphs: Praljak was born in Čapljina. He was married to Kaćuša Babić and had two stepchildren.

paragraphs: On 29 November 2017, Praljak drank cyanide at the ICTY in The Hague, Netherlands. He later died at a hospital of heart failure at the age of 72.


title: The Shadows No. 2

paragraphs: The Shadows No. 2 is an extended play 45 rpm record released in 1961 by The Shadows. It was released on Columbia Records/EMI Records as SEG 8148 in mono and reached #12 in the UK EP charts in January, 1962.

paragraphs: All the songs on the record had previously been released on the album "The Shadows", and more songs from the album were to be released on the EP "The Shadows No. 3". There appears never to have been a "The Shadows No. 1."

paragraphs: The liner notes were written by Cliff Richard.


title: Robert Bosch GmbH

paragraphs: Robert Bosch GmbH or Bosch, is a German multinational engineering and electronics company. Its headquarters is in Gerlingen, near Stuttgart, Germany.

paragraphs: Bosch's core products are automotive components including brakes, controls, electrical drives, electronics, fuel systems, generators, starter motors and steering systems; industrial products, such as including drives and controls, packaging technology and consumer goods; and building products, including household appliances, power tools, security systems and thermotechnology.

paragraphs: Bosch has more than 350 subsidiaries across over 60 countries and its products are sold in around 150 countries.

paragraphs: The company was founded by Robert Bosch in Stuttgart in 1886.


title: Robert Batailly

paragraphs: Robert Batailly (2 March 1934 – 27 November 2017) was a French politician.

paragraphs: He was born in Bourg-de-Thizy, Batailly later moved to Lyon. Batailly was a member of the Radical Party, he sat on the European Parliament in 1989. Batailly was named a commander of the Legion of Honor in 2010.

paragraphs: Batailly died on 27 November 2017 at the age of 83.


title: Medel (Lucmagn)

paragraphs: Medel is a municipality of the district Surselva in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland.


title: Rhäzüns

paragraphs: Rhäzuns is a municipality in Imboden in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland.

paragraphs: It is known for its mineral water brand "Rhäzünser" and the beer "Rhäzünser Pils".


title: Tamins

paragraphs: Tamins () is a municipality of the district of Imboden in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland.


title: Trin

paragraphs: Trin is a municipality of the district Imboden in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland. Crestasee is located in Trin.


title: Lukman Haruna

paragraphs: Lukman Abdulkarim Haruna (born 4 December 1990) is a Nigerian football player. He played for FC Dynamo Kyiv. He played as a midfielder.


title: Lutter, Haut-Rhin

paragraphs: Lutter is a commune. It is found in the Haut-Rhin department of eastern France.


title: Günther Jauch

paragraphs: Günther Johannes Jauch (born 13 July 1956) is a German television presenter. He was born in Münster, Germany. He is a member of the Hamburg Jauch family, but currently lives in Potsdam, Brandenburg with his wife Thea (Dorothea) Jauch and his four children.

paragraphs: Jauch has produced and hosted the prime time TV programme "Stern TV", a television news magazine programme, on the private German RTL national TV network since 1990.

paragraphs: Jauch together with Thomas Gottschalk is also part of the German TV show "Die 2 - Gottschalk und Jauch gegen alle".

paragraphs: In 2015, shortly after Stefan Raab had announced the end of his TV career, Jauch declared publicly that he intends to gradually reduce his appearance on TV too; stating that he will eventually give up his political talk show "Günther Jauch" on ARD and to focus on his other TV shows such as "Wer wird Millionär?" on RTL.


title: Sargans

paragraphs: Sargans is a municipality in Sarganserland in the canton of St. Gallen in Switzerland. As of December 2016, 6,063 people lived there.

paragraphs: Sargans is known for its castle, which dates from before the founding of the Swiss Confederation in 1291.


title: Voov

paragraphs: Voov is a South African live-streaming, video and web site company founded on 12 April 2017. Voov has a television production which airs in Southern, Northern, Eastern and Western Africa. It is a new brand which has on 13.3 million views and 12 million users. Voov is also one of the richest computer and social media company with many views in the same year it was created. , but the key people of Voov International wouldn't agree with him.

paragraphs: Voov had its own television channel on DStv's 196. It is a live-broadcasting air production and was founded a month ago, its top air production and many foundation have supported Voov, and Voov TV and it is the first South African social media company and its used in international countries. Voov has also a radio television on Metro FM which hits on "The Fresh Voov Breakfast" hosted by Khanyi Mbau and Pearl Thusi. Voov has gain 30 000 minimum live streams this past few weeks. It has multimedia free devices such as social media's, company Facebook, Twitter and Instagram.

paragraphs: Voov Public Company had created its own television channel on DStv's 196. It doesn't only have a television broadcast but also a live radio show on Metro FM, the companies development has grown and expanded as most known social media video in the African industry. The company has set to be international, sponsored by Vodafone. The company has lot of retails in Asia, and most streams in Thailand and China. It also has a radio in Phillipa on Radio 10Thousand at "Voov Asia". In December 2 it was broadcast live in South America.

paragraphs: The main feature of Voov Central is an app which was developed by Facebook. It is a free app to use daily only for users of a Vodafone. It has more than 1.3 million users. This has made Voov the top social media app for South Africa, followed by We+. There has been a complain made by Cell C, that Voov Central cannot only be free by Vodafone or Vodacom but to all cellphones are different simcards in South Africa.

paragraphs: In November 2017 Voov had wanted to celebrate its First Year anniversary, in Pretoria. The celebration party was hosted by Somizi Mhlongo and was set to be the first host of the Celebration Party this year. The next day Voov announced to have a free supporting app to the Vodacom users, well it wasn't good. On December 1, Juan Van Raat of Cell C told "Times LIVE" that it would be unfair if only the Vodafone users were the only ones to have the free app they must buy data, founder has not yet responded to the matter on Cell C. Indeed the Vodafone free will always be free because Vodacom is an ambassador to Voov.

paragraphs: Voov is Africa's biggest network and website company in 2017, it is Anderson Mann (Chairman), first biggest and used by 13 million views. It has more users than it's common ambassador Vodafone and Cartoon Network. Over a million views worldwide are using Voov. It has partnership with Mzansi Magic, BBC and stores nationwide. Over 16 businesses are part of the company led by Lungisa Mandela (CEO). On December 5, Voov South Africa earned a mark of 1million South African users with the total of a billion rand.

paragraphs: The app was secondly released in Hong Kong. It had mostly in South Africa as two million users, and thirteen million video's streamed. Jang Wo a Asian comedian had received the most of Hundred Thousand streams, Voov create Anderson Mann had congratulated him on Twitter. Asia now has as minimum as Africa in the highest points and users.

paragraphs: The app, was announced to be launched in Wembly, in London. It was announced early last month in 29 November and attracted many views who wanted such an app. The first person in Europe to have an account was South African-born singer Troye Sivan and British singer Linda Ora. Voov Europe also a live broadcast before BBC Channel and a radio in Radio 66.7, "Live with Kerry Lian".

paragraphs: Voov firstly announced in October 2016 that the app will be launched in Johannesburg. It was than launched in South Africa. After being launched in South Africa it was than launched worldwide, In July 2017 co-director in Nigerian relations told founder that it should also be launched in Lagos, it was told in Lagos FM in partnership with Google Africa and other supported apps.

paragraphs: In August, Voov was announced in Mexico, than to Canada. Voov was then announced by Art Director of Voov, Mr. Johnny Knowels and executive management of Voov in the United States Mary Green, on Good Morning America. After being announced it attracted more that three million views and five hundred thousand users.

paragraphs: The art was directed in a blank paper in December 2015. It was a developed first in Asia, and earned $12 million supported by Zeeru Bank in China. The money helped it also to make it in Africa and is notable. After being directed by Anderson Mann, deputy CEO and management security Luis Mann took the business and directed it into new art, and helped by the Voov Foundation in Cape Town, South Africa. It partner new developed and also had a Voov Nigeria in Lagos.


title: Luis Gutiérrez

paragraphs: Luis Vicente Gutiérrez (born December 10, 1953) is an American politician. He was the U.S. Representative for , from 1993 to 2019. From 1986 until his election to Congress, he served as a member of the Chicago City Council representing the 26th ward.

paragraphs: Gutiérrez is a member of the Democratic Party and was part of the Congressional Progressive Caucus. In the 113th Congress, with his 20 years of service, Gutiérrez became, along with Bobby Rush, the longest serving member of the Illinois House delegation.

paragraphs: In November 2017, Gutierrez announced that he would retire from Congress at the end of his current term, and not seek re-election in 2018.


title: Belmiro de Azevedo

paragraphs: Belmiro Mendes de Azevedo (17 February 1938 – 29 November 2017) was a Portuguese entrepreneur. He was born in Tuias, Marco de Canaveses.

paragraphs: Azevedo ranked by Forbes as the 605th richest person in the world (2008), as well as the 2nd richest in Portugal, with an estimated wealth of US$ 2 billion. He owned a controlling stake in Sonae SGPS. He was one of the largest business groups in Portugal, which also operates in Spain, Greece, Germany, Italy, Turkey and Brazil.

paragraphs: Azevedo died in the CUF Hospital in Porto on 29 November 2017 at the age of 79.


title: Life Is Strange

paragraphs: Life Is Strange is a single-player graphic adventure video game. It was developed by Dontnod Entertainment. It was published by Square Enix. The game was released in five episodes during 2015 for Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 3, PlayStation 4, Xbox 360 and Xbox One. A prequel, "", was released in 2017. The first episode of the sequel, "Life Is Strange 2", released in September 2018, with the other four parts to release over 2019.

paragraphs: The game features the protagonist, 18-year-old Max Caulfield, who finds out she can rewind time after saving her childhood friend, Chloe Price, from being killed. She must also try and stop an incoming storm that will hit her town Arcadia Bay, Oregon in the United States.


title: Raj Kapoor

paragraphs: Ranbir Raj Kapoor (14 December 1924 – 2 June 1988) was an Indian movie actor, producer and director.

paragraphs: Kapoor is thought of as one of the greatest and most influential actors and moviemakers in the history of Indian cinema. Kapoor won many awards. These include 3 National Film Awards and 11 Filmfare Awards in India. He was nominated twice for the Palme d'Or grand prize at the Cannes Film Festival. His performance in "Awaara" was named one of the top ten greatest performances of all time by "Time" magazine. His movies were popular worldwide, particularly in Asia and Europe. He was called "the Clark Gable of the Indian film industry".

paragraphs: The Government of India honoured him with the Padma Bhushan in 1971.

paragraphs: Kapoor was born in 1924 to Prithviraj Kapoor and Ramsarni Devi Kapoor. The Kapoor family is well known for their acting and directing in India. Kapoor's father, brothers, children and grandchildren have had success as actors or producers.

paragraphs: Kapoor acted in his first movie when he was only 10 years old.

paragraphs: Kapoor was the lead actor for the first time in "Neel Kamal" (1947). His co-star was Madhubala. In 1947, he started his own movie company, R. K. Films. At 24 years old, he directed his first movie "Aag". His co-star was Nargis. He and Nargis worked together in 16 movies, 6 of these were produced by Kapoor. His first major success as an actor was in the movie "Andaz" directed by Mehboob Khan. "Andaz" was the second-highest earning movie in 1949. The highest earning movie that year was "Barsaat", also starring Kapoor.

paragraphs: He went on to produce and star in several hit movies made by his company including "Awaara" (1951), "Shree 420" (1955), and "Jagte Raho" (1956). His movie "Jis Desh Men Ganga Behti Hai", directed by Radhu Karmakar, won Filmfare Award for Best Film. Kapoor also won the Filmfare Award for Best Actor for the movie. The romantic musical movie "Sangam" was his first movie in colour.

paragraphs: In 1970, he produced, directed and starred in his movie "Mera Naam Joker". The movie took more than six years to complete but it did not earn very much money. Later in 1973, his movie "Bobby" became the highest earning movie of the year and the second highest earning movie of the 1970s at the Indian box office. The movie was the first lead role for Kapoor's son, Rishi Kapoor.

paragraphs: Later movies produced and directed by Kapoor focused on the female lead character. The movie "Prem Rog" (1982) with Padmini Kolhapure won the Filmfare Award for Best Director.


title: Hilary B. Price

paragraphs: Hilary B. Price (born 1969) is an American cartoonist. She is known for creating a comic strip called "Rhymes with Orange" which is published digitally on her website and in over one hundred newspapers across the country. At the age of 25 she became the youngest cartoonist to ever be nationally syndicated. She won the Silver Reuben for "Best Newspaper Panel Cartoon" from the National Cartoonists Society four times, in 2007 and 2009, 2012 and 2014.

paragraphs: Price grew up in Weston, Massachusetts. She studied English at Stanford University. She originally had no intentions of becoming a cartoonist, but after a few years she began submitting strips to The New Yorker but they were never picked up. She was then hired as a freelance copywriter for an ad agency in San Francisco. Whilst there she submitted her comics to the San Francisco Chronicle and they were published in the opinion and book review section. Her success at the Chronicle inspired her to begin submitting her work for syndication. In 1995, Price received a call from King Features Syndicate to request more samples of her work and by June of that year she was syndicated. Price was just 25 years old at the time which makes her the youngest cartoonist to achieve national syndication.

paragraphs: Price publishes her panels almost daily to her website named after her strip ("Rhymes with Orange"). The title is derived from the belief that no English word rhymes with orange.

paragraphs: Price's panels often feature animals such as cats and dogs in lieu of humans and doesn't feature any reoccurring characters.

paragraphs: Her strips's format is also unique in design. A typical Price comic features one long panel where the illustration and dialogue are found, and to the left is a smaller panel with the title of the strip and often a secondary punchline and smaller illustration. This setup has the reader going from right to left rather than the typical left to right found in most western comics.

paragraphs: In addition to her website her work has also appeared in "Parade Magazine", "The Funny Times", "People" and "Glamour".

paragraphs: Price has released several compilations of her work in books, one of those being "Hanukkomics" in which she gathered all of her comics about Jewish culture and holidays.

paragraphs: Her inspirations for comics include "Dr. Seuss for the rhymes, Shel Silverstein for the clever word play and black-and-white illustrations, and "The New Yorker" cartoonists Roz Chast, Sam Gross and George Booth." But her main influence comes from greeting card artist Sandra Boynton. In the eighth grade, Price learned that Boynton, who she had assumed was a male, was in fact a female. This opened up the idea to Price that women could do "funny drawings" too.

paragraphs: Price is an openly gay, Jewish woman who lives in Florence, Massachusetts with her partner, dog, and cat. In her free time Price enjoys playing women's ice hockey.


title: Umberto Pettinicchio

paragraphs: Umberto Pettinicchio (born 1943) is an Italian painter and sculptor. He was born in Torremaggiore, a town in Apulia. Later, he moved to Milan. In Milan he studied art at the Accademia di Brera. He had his first exhibition in 1969. His early paintings were in the expressionist style. His later paintings were more abstract. His 1981 painting "The Death of the Bull" is held in the Museo de Arte Moderno y Contemporáneo de Santander y Cantabria.


title: Incus

paragraphs: The incus or (anvil) is a bone in the middle ear.


title: Siege of Leningrad

paragraphs: The Siege of Leningrad, also known as the Leningrad Blockade, was a siege in Leningrad during World War II. The siege started on 8 September 1941, when the last road to the city was severed. Although the Soviet Union forces managed to open a narrow path to the city on 18 January 1943, the siege was only stopped on 27 January 1944, 872 days after it began. It is thought of as one of the most destructive sieges ever to happen. It was possibly the heaviest in terms of casualties, killing over 1 million innocent people.

paragraphs: Also, because of the siege, no food was allowed to enter Leningrad, leaving the residents to eat things such as:

paragraphs: Because of the German operations, no people or supply trucks were allowed to enter or leave the city, leaving the occupants without food often for weeks or months.


title: Kirsty MacColl

paragraphs: Kirsty Anna MacColl (10 October 1959 – 18 December 2000) was a British singer and songwriter. She performed the songs "They Don't Know" (1979) and "There's a Guy Works Down the Chip Shop Swears He's Elvis" (1981). She also made cover versions of "A New England" by Billy Bragg and "Days" by The Kinks. She is well-known for singing on the Christmas song "Fairytale of New York" by The Pogues. She performed on many songs produced by her husband Steve Lillywhite.

paragraphs: MacColl was born in Croydon, Surrey, England. She was the daughter of folk singer Ewan MacColl (1915–1989) and dancer Jean Newlove (1923–2017). She was married to Lillywhite from 1984 to 1994. The couple had two sons, Jamie and Louis.

paragraphs: MacColl died in an accident on 18 December 2000 in Cozumel, Quintana Roo, Mexico. She was 41. She had been diving in a reef with her sons when a motorboat entered the restriced area. She was able to pull her son Jamie to safety but was hit by the propeller in doing so. She died at the moment of impact.


title: Eluru

paragraphs: Eluru is the largest city in West Godavari district of Andhra Pradesh, India. It is on the banks of Tammileru river. Eluru is one of the municipal corporation and headquarters of the Vijayawada mandal and West Godavari district. The city is well known for its wool-pile carpets and hand woven products.

paragraphs: Eluru Railway station is the major railway station which serves the city, others being Powerpet, Vatlur and Denduluru stations. Eluru is well connected to road and state run APS RTC bus services from major cities from Eluru New Bus Station and ariport is near to gannavaram that's about 35kms from eluru .


title: West Godavari district

paragraphs: West Godavari district (or Paschima Godavari Jilla) is one of the 13 districts in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. The district headquarters are located at Eluru. As of the 2011 census of India, it spreads over an area of 7,742 km2 (2,989 sq mi) with a population of 3,936,966.

paragraphs: Eluru was primarily a part of Vengi(Buddhist kingdom). Historical evidences are found at the villages, Pedavegi and Guntupalli (Jilakarragudem). The West Godavari district was formed from the old Godavari district in the year 1925.

paragraphs: There are 48 mandals consists of 881 villages, one municipal corporation, eight municipalities and five census towns. Of them, Eluru is the only Municipal Corporation. whereas Kovvur, Narasapuram, Nidadavolu, Palakol, Tadepalligudem, Tanuku, Bhimavaram, Jangareddigudem are Municipalities.


title: Rob Brydon

paragraphs: Robert Brydon Jones, (born 3 May 1965), better known as Rob Brydon, is a British actor, comedian, radio and television presenter, singer and impressionist. He has acted in "Supernova", "Gavin & Stacey", "Marion and Geoff", "The Keith Barret Show" and "Little Britain". Since 2009, he has hosted the BBC One comedy panel show "Would I Lie to You?".

paragraphs: Brydon was born in Baglan, Glamorgan, Wales. He was married to Martina Jones until 2000. They had three children, daughters Katie and Amy, and son Harry. Since 2006, he has been married to Claire Holland. They have two sons, Tom and George. He is a fan of Swansea City Association Football Club.


title: Lee Mack

paragraphs: Lee Gordon McKillop (born 4 August 1968), better known as Lee Mack, is a British comedian and actor. He is best known for creating and starring in the sitcom "Not Going Out" (2006–present). He is also known for being a "captain" on the panel show "Would I Lie to You?". He has also presented the panel shows "They Think It's All Over" and "Duck Quacks Don't Echo".

paragraphs: Mack was born in Blackburn, Lancashire, England. His parents later separated and Mack moved to Southport. He married Tara McKillop in 2005. They have three children. He has attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).


title: Tommy Cooper

paragraphs: Thomas Frederick "Tommy" Cooper (19 March 1921 – 15 April 1984) was a British prop comedian and magician. He was famous for wearing a red fez, his large build and failing magic tricks as part of his comedy. He was actually a skilled magician and was a member of The Magic Circle.

paragraphs: Cooper was born in Caerphilly, Glamorgan, Wales. He was married to Gwen Henty from 1947 until his death. They had two children, daughter Victoria and son Thomas (1956–1988), who became an actor.

paragraphs: Cooper died due to a heart attack on 15 April 1984 at Her Majesty's Theatre in London. He was 63. He was performing as part of his comedy routine on live television when he slumped to the ground because of the heart attack. He died shortly after.


title: Gomer Pyle, U.S.M.C.

paragraphs: Gomer Pyle, U.S.M.C. is an American sitcom television series. It ran for five seasons from 1964 to 1969, producing a total of 150 episodes. It became a spin-off of the American sitcom "The Andy Griffith Show" after the character Gomer Pyle became very popular. "Gomer Pyle, U.S.M.C." was produced in what is now Paramount Television Studios. It originally aired on CBS.

paragraphs: "Gomer Pyle, U.S.M.C." stars Jim Nabors as the main character, Gomer Pyle, who joins the United States Marine Corps as a Private First Class. It also stars Frank Sutton as Sergeant Carter who does not like Pyle's antics and finds ways to keep Pyle out of his way.


title: 2001 southern Peru earthquake

paragraphs: The 2001 southern Peru earthquake happened on Saturday, June 23, 2001 at around 3:30 PM local time. It had a magnitude of 8.4. It was felt by many parts of southern Peru, a country in South America. It is one of the deadliest earthquakes ever recorded in Peru.


title: Opinion poll

paragraphs: An opinion poll shows what a large group of chosen people think about the poll's topic. An opinion poll usually has a set of choices from which the chosen person may choose as his opinion. The number of people that select each choice is recorded. These numbers are then written as percentages of the overall group. This gives a general idea of how many people in a certain group agree or disagree on a certain topic.


title: Lester Holt

paragraphs: Lester Holt is an American television show host for NBC. Since 2015, Holt has been the anchor for the NBC Nightly News during the weekdays.


title: Deaths in December 2017

paragraphs: The following is a list of notable deaths in December 2017. For notable deaths before the current month, please see "Previous months". Names under each date are reported in alphabetical order by last name or pseudonym. Deaths of non-humans are reported here also if notable.


title: Ethereum

paragraphs: Ethereum is a system on the Internet where people can make deals. Ether is type of money which uses the Ethereum system to make sure that every person gets the right amount in every deal.

paragraphs: Ethereum was proposed in late 2013 by Vitalik Buterin, a cryptocurrency researcher and programmer. Many people donated money to support the development of the system in what was one of the first initial coin offerings. The system came online on 30 July 2015, with 72 million coins.

paragraphs: In 2016, Ethereum split into two separate versions, Ethereum, and Ethereum Classic.

paragraphs: "Ether" is a type of money that is "decentralized" which means that there's no company, bank or government that oversees it. Instead, it uses the "Ethereum" network of computers spread around the world, which keep track of every payment of ether. As in other cryptocurrencies, Ethereum keeps track of payments by using a blockchain, which is a growing registry of every payment. This blockchain is open for everyone to read, and it is spread across the network so that everyone can check what payments have been made. This also protects against hacking or theft of money from the system, because if the blockchain was to be altered in some computers then it would be noticed that it is not identical with the others.

paragraphs: "Ether" is a form of cryptocurrency, which means that it is "decentralized", and also means that people can use it for payments without revealing who they are. Instead, people can use the Ethereum system by "addresses" (also called "keys") which they can keep secret from others. The Ether coin can be transferred between accounts and used as a payment mechanism. The Ether coin is mined and used as compensation to miners for verifying transactions.


title: Adarsh Sein Anand

paragraphs: Adarsh Sein Anand (1 November 1936 – 1 December 2017) was an Indian politician and lawyer. He served as the 29th Chief Justice of India from 10 October 1998 to 31 October 2001. He was also Chief Justice of the Madras High Court (1989–1992) and the Jammu and Kashmir High Court (1985–1989). He was born in Jammu.

paragraphs: Anand died on 1 December 2017 in Noida at the age of 81.


title: Patrick O'Brian

paragraphs: Patrick O'Brian, (born Richard Patrick Russ; 12 December 1914 – 2 January 2000) was a British novelist and translator. He is best known for his Aubrey–Maturin series (1969–2004) of sea novels set in the Royal Navy during the Napoleonic Wars. The book series was about the friendship of the English naval captain Jack Aubrey and the Irish-Catalan doctor Stephen Maturin. The series had a total of 21 books.

paragraphs: O'Brian was born in Chalfont St Peter, Buckinghamshire, England. He served during the Second World War. He was married to Elizabeth Jones until their divorce. They had two children, Jane and Richard. He was married Mary Tolstoy from 1945 until her death in 1998. They lived in Collioure, France.

paragraphs: O'Brian died on 2 January 2000 in Dublin, Ireland at the age of 85.


title: Joel Edgerton

paragraphs: Joel Edgerton (born 23 June 1974) is an Australian actor and filmmaker. He is best known for his roles in movies such as "" (2002), "Ned Kelly" (2003), "" (2005), "Animal Kingdom" (2010), "Warrior" (2011), "The Odd Life of Timothy Green", "Zero Dark Thirty" (both 2012), "The Great Gatsby" (2013), "The Gift", "Black Mass" (both 2015), "Loving" (2016), "It Comes at Night" (2017) and "Red Sparrow" (2018).

paragraphs: Edgerton was born in Blacktown, New South Wales. His brother, Nash, is a movie director.


title: Allianz

paragraphs: Allianz SE is a German financial services company. It is headquartered in Munich, Germany. The company is a component of the Euro Stoxx 50 stock market index. The company was founded in 1890.

paragraphs: It has over 70 countries and has around 147,000 employees.


title: Schlans

paragraphs: Schlans is a municipality of the district of Surselva in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland.

paragraphs: The former municipality of Schlans merged on 1 January 2012 into the municipality of Trun.


title: Vals, Switzerland

paragraphs: Vals is a municipality of the district Surselva in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland.

paragraphs: On 1 January 2015 the former municipality of St. Martin merged into the municipality of Vals.

paragraphs: It is known for its mineral water brand "Valser".


title: Sagogn

paragraphs: Sagogn is a municipality of the district of Surselva in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland.


title: Wanna One

paragraphs: Wanna One (Korean: 워너원) is a South Korean boy band, under YMC Entertainment. It consists of eleven members, consisting of Kang Daniel, Park Ji-hoon, Lee Dae-hwi, Kim Jae-hwan, Ong Seong-wu, Park Woo-jin, Lai Kuan-lin, Yoon Ji-sung, Hwang Min-hyun, Bae Jin-young and Ha Sung-woon.


title: Smart

paragraphs: smart is a brand of microcars and superminis based in Böblingen, Germany. It is a division of Daimler AG. The company was founded in 1994.


title: Lutterbach

paragraphs: Lutterbach is a commune. It is found in the Haut-Rhin department of eastern France.


title: Sumvitg

paragraphs: Sumvitg is a municipality of the district of Surselva in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland.


title: Delsa Solórzano

paragraphs: Delsa Solórzano Bernal is a Venezuelan politician and lawyer, vice president of the social democratic party "Un Nuevo Tiempo", was a deputy to the Latin American Parliament, Venezuela Chapter, period 2011-2016.

paragraphs: She is the daughter of the political leaders César Orlando Solorzano and Esperanza de Solorzano. Married to the lawyer Luis Izquiel, Venezuelan criminal and constitutionalist and mother of a son. She is a deputy to the National Assembly of Venezuela, for the period 2016-2021, and is president of the Permanent Commission of Domestic Policy of the National Assembly of Venezuela. She is Vice-President of the Human Rights Commission of Parliamentarians of the Inter-Parliamentary Union


title: Dr. Oetker

paragraphs: Dr. Oetker is a German food company that produces baking powder, cake mixes, yogurts, frozen pizza, pudding, cake decoration, cornflakes and various other products.

paragraphs: The company is a wholly-owned branch of the Oetker Group.

paragraphs: It is headquartered in Bielefeld, North Rhine-Westphalia.

paragraphs: The company was founded by Doctor August Oetker in 1891.


title: Corbynmania

paragraphs: Corbynmania is enthusiastic support for Jeremy Corbyn who was elected as leader of the Labour Party in 2015.

paragraphs: His authentic, informal style and radical policies appealed to many of the young new members who had joined after the membership fee had been reduced to £3. Hundreds of supporters turned out to hear him speak at the hustings across the nation and their enthusiastic reception and support for him was dubbed "Corbynmania" by the press.

paragraphs: A chant of "Oh, Jeremy Corbyn" has now been adopted as an anthem or chorus by his supporters. This is sung in the style of "Seven Nation Army" by The White Stripes. It attracted especial attention at the Glastonbury festival of 2017, where Corbyn appeared and spoke to the crowds.


title: Robert Mueller

paragraphs: Robert Swan Mueller III (; born August 7, 1944) is an American lawyer and civil servant. He was the sixth Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation from 2001 to 2013. He is a Republican. He was appointed by President George W. Bush and his original ten-year term was given a two-year extension by President Barack Obama.

paragraphs: Mueller is the longest-serving FBI director since J. Edgar Hoover. He is currently head of the Special Counsel investigation of Russian interference in the 2016 United States elections.


title: Republic of Liberia national defence forces

paragraphs: The Federal republic of Liberia military book, entitled, “The History of the Liberian Armed Forces Day” before February 25, 1955, there was no Armed Forces Day as such, except the country and militia units, each of which had its own quarterly parade day enacted by law.

paragraphs: During those days, the regular Army then called the Liberian Frontier Force (LFF), used to combine with units of the national militia to have joint parade on special occasions, such as Independence Day, Inauguration Day, etc. However, in 1954, the late Colonel Francis M. Dean, then Assistant Chief of Staff (G-2), recommended in his annual report to the Defense authority that a day be set aside by an act of the National Legislature to be styled and known as “Old Soldier Army Festival” a day on which units of the Liberian Armed Forces throughout the nation would assemble at their respective headquarters to jointly participate in field ceremonies of parades and other planned military exercises.

paragraphs: Colonel Dean’s recommendation traveled through the necessary chain of command until it successfully reached the official desk of the late Commander-In-Chief, President William V.S. Tubman who, in turn, approved and submitted it to the lawmakers for legislative consideration.

paragraphs: How February 11 Was Chosen As Armed Forces Day

paragraphs: When the Liberian legislature met in session to consider colonel Dean’s recommendation for legislative enactment, it was suggested that choosing any month and date to be set aside as Army Festival would be inappropriate.

paragraphs: Instead, a month and date with some historical events in which a member or members of the Armed Forces had performed some marvelous deeds in the supreme interest of the nation (Liberia) and its people.

paragraphs: By so doing, members of the incoming generations of the Armed Forces would continue to celebrate this day under appropriate military exercises in honor and remembrance of the heroic deeds of their comrades in arms. Moreover, this suggestion was embraced with popular support. However, the only event that could quickly come to the minds of the lawmakers was the month and date of the Major Mckay Cadell incidence in 1909.

paragraphs: Major Cadell was the first commandant of the Liberian Frontier Force who carried on mutiny action against the Liberian Government during President Arthur Barclay’s administration, that aggression of Cadell was repelled by the first militia regiment headed by Ltc. Isaac Moart and his deputy Major.

paragraphs: Joseph Dennis in 1909 having reached a unanimous consensus on the month and date of Major Cadell’s event, of February 25 1955, an act of Legislature was passed, declaring May 9 of each year as Armed Forces Day with a proclamation that it should be officially observed throughout Liberia as a National holiday. When the Act was proclaimed on May 9 as the month and date of the Major Cadell’s incidence, historians everywhere disagreed and argued that the incidence occurred on February 9, 1909. This argument in turn created a demand for legislative amendment.

paragraphs: Consequently, on March 22, 1956, amendment was made, deleting May 9 and inserting February 9 in the Act as Armed Forces Day. Less than a year after the amendment was made, some survivors of the Major Cadell’s incidence declared that it was February 11, 1909.

paragraphs: Once more and finally, on January 26, 1957, the appropriate rectification was made in the Act. Major Cadell was a British officer brought to Liberia from Sierra Leone to command the Liberian Frontier Force, and with him were some Sierra Leonean soldiers whom he incited against the Liberian Government for salary arrears.

paragraphs: The Liberian Frontier Force thwarted their mutiny action and they were given twenty-four hours to leave Liberia. The current site of the Executive Mansion was the location of the Military Barracks named and styled “Camp Johnson”. Today, a new 2000-strong AFL is being built under the auspices of the Security Sector Reform (SSR) program.

paragraphs: DynCorp International is training this new 2000-strong regimented and law-abiding AFL with support from the United States Government.

paragraphs: Note- The Armed Forces of Liberia is 100 years, (1908-2008) and this celebration of Armed Forces Day marks the 51st observance of the day since 1957.


title: Saintes, Charente-Maritime

paragraphs: Saintes is a French commune and historic town, a subprefecture in the Charente-Maritime department in southwestern France. It is in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region. It is also the capital of the "arrondissement" of Saintes.

paragraphs: Before the French Revolution, Saintes was the capital of the old province of Saintonge.

paragraphs: Saintes is in the central eastern part of the Charente-Maritime department, in the old province of Saintonge, along the Charente river that flows through the "commune" from south to north.

paragraphs: The "commune" has an area of , and its average altitude is ; at the city hall, the altitude is .

paragraphs: The distances from Saintes to other cities are:

paragraphs: The "commune" of Saintes is surrounded by the "communes":

paragraphs: The climate of Saintes, in the Köppen climate classification, is Cfb - Oceanic climate with template summers.

paragraphs: The inhabitants of this city are known, in French, as "Saintais" (women: "Saintaises").

paragraphs: With a population of 25,149, Saintes has a population density of inhabitants/km.

paragraphs: Saintes is a subprefecture of the Charente-Maritime department, the capital of the "arrondissement" of Saintes and the administrative centre () of the canton of Saintes.

paragraphs: It is part of the intercommunality "CA Saintes" ().


title: Charles C. McDonald

paragraphs: General Charles Clarence McDonald (October 1, 1933 – November 22, 2017) was a United States Air Force general. He served as Commander, Air Force Logistics Command (COMAFLC) from 1989 to 1992.

paragraphs: From August 1979 to February 1981 McDonald was commander of the 320th Bombardment Wing, Mather Air Force Base, California. Under his command the wing won the Fairchild Trophy, awarded to the top bomber wing in the Strategic Air Command for combined bombing and navigational excellence.

paragraphs: He was promoted to general November 1, 1989, with same date of rank, and retired June 30, 1992.

paragraphs: McDonald died on November 22, 2017 in Niceville, Florida of ALS-related complications at the age of 84.


title: Stephen Knapp

paragraphs: Stephen Knapp (October 15, 1947November 24, 2017) was an American artist. He was best known for his use of the medium of lightpainting. He created an international reputation for large-scale works of art held in museums, public, corporate, and private collections, which are executed in media as diverse as light, kiln-formed glass, metal, stone, mosaic, and ceramic.

paragraphs: Knapp died in Worcester, Massachusetts on November 24, 2017 of complications from acute myeloid leukemia at the age of 70.


title: Aminul Islam (academic)

paragraphs: Aminul Islam (1 January 1935 – 29 November 2017) was a Bangladeshi academic. He was the president of Bangladesh Academy of Sciences. He was a fellow of the academy since 1978.


title: Surin Pitsuwan

paragraphs: Surin Pitsuwan (; ; 28 October 1949 – 30 November 2017) was a Thai politician and diplomat. He served as the 12th Secretary General of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations from 2008 to 2012. He was also the Minister of Foreign Affairs for Thailand from 1997 to 2001.

paragraphs: Pitsuwan was born in Nakhon Si Thammarat. He was a Thai Malay. He studied at Thammasat University.

paragraphs: Pitsuwan died of heart failure on 30 November 2017 in Bangkok. He was 68.


title: Time in the United Arab Emirates

paragraphs: The United Arab Emirates uses Gulf Standard Time (GST) (UTC+04:00) and does not observe daylight saving time.


title: Time in Indonesia

paragraphs: Indonesia has three time zones: Western Indonesia Time (WIB) (UTC+07:00) covers the western part of the country, including Jakarta, Central Indonesia Time (WIT) (UTC+08:00) covers the central part of the country, and Eastern Indonesia Time (WITA) (UTC+09:00) covers the province of Papua. Indonesia does not observe daylight saving time.


title: Cliff Williams

paragraphs: Clifford "Cliff" Williams (born 14 December 1949) is a former British musician. He is best known as a member of the Australian hard rock band AC/DC. He was a member of the band between 1977 and 2016 as their bassist and backing singer. He, along with AC/DC, were added to the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2003.

paragraphs: Williams was born in Romford, Essex, England. His wife, Georganne, is from Colorado. They have two children, Erin (born 1985) and Luke (born 1986).


title: Charles E. Merrill Jr.

paragraphs: Charles E. Merrill Jr. (1920 – November 29, 2017) was an American educator, author, and philanthropist. He was best known for supporting historically black colleges and founding the Commonwealth School in Boston.

paragraphs: Merrill Jr. died on November 29, 2017, in Nowy Sącz, Poland at the age of 97.


title: Colin Groves

paragraphs: Colin Peter Groves (24 June 1942 – 30 November 2017) was an Australian Professor of Biological Anthropology at the Australian National University in Canberra, Australia.

paragraphs: Groves was born in England. He emigrated to Australia in 1973 and joined the Australian National University, where he was promoted to full Professor in 2000

paragraphs: Groves died on 30 November 2017 in Canberra at the age of 75.

paragraphs: His research interests included human evolution, primates, mammalian taxonomy, skeletal analysis, biological anthropology, ethnobiology and biogeography. He was a member of the Australian Skeptics and had many published skeptical papers, as well as research papers covering his other research interests. He also conducted regular debates with creationists and anti-evolutionists.


title: Marina Popovich

paragraphs: Marina Lavrentievna Popovich (née Vasiliyeva; July 20, 1931 – November 30, 2017) was a Soviet Air Force colonel, engineer, and legendary Soviet test pilot. She held 102 aviation world records set on over 40 types of aircraft. She was one of the most famous pilots in Russian history, and one of the most important female pilots of all time.


title: Vincent Scully

paragraphs: Vincent Joseph Scully Jr. (August 21, 1920 – November 30, 2017) was an American art historian. He was born in New Haven, Connecticut.

paragraphs: Scully was Sterling Professor Emeritus of the History of Art in Architecture at Yale University. He was the author of several books on the subject. Architect Philip Johnson once described Scully as "the most influential architectural teacher ever." His lectures at Yale were known to attract casual visitors and packed houses, and regularly received standing ovations.

paragraphs: In 2004, President George W. Bush presented Scully with the National Medal of Arts, the United States' highest honor for artists and arts patrons.


title: James Kisicki

paragraphs: James P. Kisicki (April 14, 1938 – November 27, 2017) was an American actor. He was born in Chicago, Illinois, but raised in Ocala, Florida. He studied at Wayne State University.

paragraphs: Kisicki was best known for his stage performance of "Hamlet". In 1978, Kisicki started his movie and television career appearing in the mini-series "Centennial". After that, he has appeared in movies like "The Shawshank Redemption", "Wonder Boys", and "Diabolique", among others.

paragraphs: Devine died at his home in Cleveland, Ohio on November 27, 2017 at the age of 79.


title: Physical unclonable function

paragraphs: Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) are hardware modules that can generate randomness. Their operation is based on "locked" randomness, stemming from tiny imperfections (mistakes) in the manufacturing process of hardware, which result in the production (output) of a bit-string which appears random and can be considered as unique per hardware instance (device).

paragraphs: Essentially, in each PUF circuit, electric current may move through this circuit in two distinct ways/paths, such as two wires. If it goes mostly through one of these ways/paths, a logical zero is produced, whereas if it goes through the other way/path, a logical one is produced. The prevalent path is chosen according to tiny details (characteristics) of the circuit, such as which wire is thicker or longer. However, the two wires have been designed to be exactly the same, and only differ because of imperfections of the manufacturing process, which cause random tiny mistakes (imperfections), such as one wire being 5 mm, and the other 5.00001 mm. Therefore, and as the choice of the prevalent path is dependent on a large number of tiny details (thickness, length, resistance of the wires, etc.), which are very difficult to determine beforehand, this choice appears as random, and can be considered as chaotic. The tiny production mistakes that affect the path choice cannot be predicted as they happen randomly in the manufacturing process. Nevertheless, after they happen, they stay like that, for example, the small difference in length between two wires will always exist after they have been manufactured, so the aforementioned path choice is "locked", although it is "random" (chaotic), and will always give the same result.

paragraphs: Since most contemporary hardware devices consist of millions of circuits, millions of individual choices can be made at the same time, resulting in a string (series) of bits (zeros and ones) of a very large length. Since each choice is independent and "random", the probability that two such strings will be the same becomes extremely small due to their very large length. Therefore, a PUF can be used to produce a large bit-string that will be "unique" per device and always the same, when measured under exactly the same conditions. Such a bit string can then be used in cryptography as an inherently occurring cryptographic token, such as a key for encryption. As external (environmental) conditions may affect the result of a PUF (its "random" unique bit-string output), error correction may be needed to force this result to be the same between different measurements.

paragraphs: Hardware, which by its nature allows for a choice of path for electricity, such as memory cells, can be easily employed in order to implement a PUF in a device, without the need of additional circuitry. Therefore, PUFs can be quite cost-efficient and lightweight.


title: Amar Singh Thapa

paragraphs: Amar Singh Thapa also known as Badakaji Amar Singh Thapa(), Budha Kazi Amar Singh Thapa or, Amar Singh Thapa The Elder was the senior commander of Nepal Army in the conquest of Western Provinces. He is often hailed as Living Lion of Nepal and was posthumously awarded with National heroes of Nepal, who often led great battles of conquest and defence for Gurkhas in person.


title: Israel Horovitz

paragraphs: Israel Horovitz is an American writer from Massachusetts. His written plays include "Author! Author!" (1982) and "Sunshine" (1999). His son was a singer in the Beastie Boys. In 2017 he was accused by some women of sexual and ephebophilic abuse.


title: Fredy Schmidtke

paragraphs: Fredy Schmidtke (1 July 1961 – 1 December 2017) was a German track cyclist. He won a gold medal in the 1000 metres time trial at the 1984 Summer Olympics. He also finished eighth in the sprint event at that Olympics. He was born in Worringen, Cologne.

paragraphs: Schmidtke died of a heart attack on 1 December 2017, at the age of 56.


title: Philipp Graf Lerchenfeld

paragraphs: Philipp Graf von und zu Lerchenfeld (25 May 1952 – 1 December 2017) was a German politician. He was member of the Christian Social Union in Bavaria (CSU). He was a member of the Landtag of Bavaria from 2003 to 2013. He then served as a member of the Bundestag from 2013 to 2017. Besides being a politician, he was also a farmer, accountant and tax consultant.

paragraphs: Lerchenfeld was born in Köfering, Regensburg District, Bavaria. He was a Roman Catholic. He was married to Marie Therese.

paragraphs: Lerchenfeld died of lung cancer on 1 December 2017, at the age of 65.


title: Grand Prix (TV programme)

paragraphs: Grand Prix was a British television programme based on the Formula One World Championship. It was primarily presented by the "Voice of F1" Murray Walker, who was also the lead commentator.


title: Zastava M84

paragraphs: The Zastava M84 is a general purpose machine gun made from Yugoslavia during the 1980s and is currently manufactured from Serbia. The M84 is a copy of the Soviet PKM general purpose machine gun.


title: Asepsis

paragraphs: Bacteria are used to test the effectiveness of disinfectants and antibiotics. Therefore, it is important that bacteria are not contaminated with other microorganisms. To prevent contamination, aseptic techniques are used.


title: Time in Hungary

paragraphs: Hungary uses Central European Time (CET) which is 1 hour ahead of Coordinated Universal Time (). Hungary has not observed summer time since 1916.


title: Crato

paragraphs: Crato is a city in the south of state of Ceará in Cariri. Crato is called the "Oasis do Cariri". It is next to the state of Pernambuco. Is at the foot of the Araripe Plateau. Have a population formed by 130.064 According to IBGE

paragraphs: The rainfall in the municipality is 1,086 millimeters per year. Much of the rain falls from December to April.

paragraphs: Average temperatures throughout the year vary between 24° C and 27° C, with minimums of 14° C up to averages maximum of 33° C

paragraphs: The Region was discovered during the 17th century by Capuchin Friars. After an intense exploration of the region was founded "Mission Miranda" in honor of a chief of the local tribe baptized by that name. Later it would be called "Miranda" and "New Cariris"Later it would be called "Miranda" and "New Cariris"


title: Trun

paragraphs: Trun is a municipality in Surselva in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland. On 1 January 2012 the former municipality of Schlans became part of Trun.


title: CBS Morning News

paragraphs: CBS Morning News is an early morning television program on CBS. It is hosted by Anne-Marie Green. The program debuted on October 4, 1982 as the CBS Early Morning News. It was renamed to "CBS Morning News". The program airs live at 4:00 a.m. Eastern, but on some stations it airs at 4:30 a.m. Eastern.


title: Rondon Pacheco

paragraphs: Rondon Pacheco (31 July 1919 – 4 July 2016) was a Brazilian politician. He served as Chief of Staff of Brazil to President Artur da Costa e Silva from 1967 to 1969 during the Brazilian military government. He later served as Governor of his home state of Minas Gerais from 1971 to 1975.

paragraphs: Pacheco was born in Uberlândia, Minas Gerais. He was married to Marina de Freitas Pacheco. They had three children.

paragraphs: Pacheco died from pneumonia on 4 July 2016 in Uberlândia, at the age of 96.


title: Tujetsch

paragraphs: Tujetsch is a municipality of the district Surselva in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland.

paragraphs: Tschamut, Selva, Dieni, Rueras, Zarcuns, Camischolas, Gonda, Sedrun, Bugnei, Surrein and Cavorgia.


title: Gladys Nordenstrom

paragraphs: Gladys Mercedes Nordenstrom-Krenek (May 23, 1924 – July 5, 2016) was an American composer. She studied under Austrian composer Ernst Krenek at Hamline University. She later married him in 1950. She sometimes worked with Krenek on projects. After his death in 1991, she founded the Ernst Krenek Institute in 1998 and Krems die Ernst Krenek in 2004 in Vienna, Austria. In 2006, Nordenstrom was awarded the Decoration of Honour for Services to the Republic of Austria. She was born in Mora, Minnesota.

paragraphs: Nordenstrom died on July 5, 2016 in Palm Springs, California, at the age of 92.


title: Valendas

paragraphs: Valendas is a former municipality of the district Surselva in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland.

paragraphs: On 1 January 2013 the former municipalities of Valendas, Versam, Safien and Tenna merged into the new municipality of Safiental.


title: Irina Bilyk

paragraphs: Irina Bilyk born 6 April 1970 is a Ukrainian singer. People's Artist of Ukraine (2008).


title: Versam

paragraphs: Versam is a former municipality of the district of Surselva in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland.

paragraphs: On 1 January 2013 the former municipalities of Versam,

paragraphs: Safien and Tenna merged into the new municipality of Safiental.


title: Safien

paragraphs: Safien is a former municipality of the district of Surselva in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland.

paragraphs: On 1 January 2013 the former municipalities of Safien, Valendas, Versam and Tenna merged into the new municipality of Safiental.


title: Garth Ennis

paragraphs: Garth Ennis (born 16 January 1970) is a Northern Irish-American comics writer. He is best known for "Preacher", "The Boys", "Hellblazer", Marvel Comics' "The Punisher" and DC Comics' "Hitman". He worked a lot with artist Steve Dillon. In 1998, he was awarded the Eisner Award for Best Writer.

paragraphs: Ennis was born in Holywood, County Down. He is an atheist.


title: Schmitten, Graubünden

paragraphs: Schmitten () is a municipality of the district Albula. It is in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland.


title: Magny, Haut-Rhin

paragraphs: Magny is a commune in the Haut-Rhin department of east France.


title: Alain Jessua

paragraphs: Alain Jessua (16 January 1932 – 30 November 2017) was a French movie director and screenwriter. He was born in Évreux, France. He directed ten movies between 1956 and 1997.

paragraphs: He worked as assistant director for Jacques Becker on the set of "Casque d'or", with Max Ophüls for "Madame de..." and "Lola Montès" and with Marcel Carné on "Wasteland".

paragraphs: His 1967 movie "Jeu de massacre" was entered into the 1967 Cannes Film Festival, where it won the award for Best Screenplay.

paragraphs: Jessua died from cancer on 30 November 2017 at the age of 85.


title: Magstatt-le-Bas

paragraphs: Magstatt-le-Bas is a commune in the Haut-Rhin department of east France.


title: Magstatt-le-Haut

paragraphs: Magstatt-le-Haut is a commune in the Haut-Rhin department in the east France.


title: Randall Park

paragraphs: Randall Park (born March 23, 1974) is an American actor, comedian and writer. He is known for playing Kim Jong-un in comedy movie "The Interview" (2014), Danny Chung in "Veep" and Louis Huang in ABC's television show "Fresh Off the Boat".

paragraphs: Park was born in Los Angeles, California. His parents are Korean. He has been married to actress Jae Suh Park since 2008. They have a daughter.


title: 2017–18 Premier League

paragraphs: The 2017-18 Premier League is the 26th premier league as Chelsea are the defending Champions. The season started on 11 August 2017 and is finishes on 13 May 2018. Newcastle United F.C. Brighton and Hove Albion and Huddersfield Town got promoted to the Premier League from the English Football League. Brighton are playing in the Premier League for the first time in their history.

paragraphs: Player scored 4 goals; (H) – Home ; (A) – Away

paragraphs: The PFA Players' Player of the Year was awarded to Mohamed Salah.

paragraphs: The PFA Young Player of the Year was awarded to Leroy Sané.

paragraphs: The FWA Footballer of the Year was awarded to Mohamed Salah.ref>ref>


title: Time in Oman

paragraphs: Oman uses Gulf Standard Time (GST) (UTC+04:00), like its neighbor United Arab Emirates. Oman does not use daylight saving time (DST).


title: Saint-Michel-sur-Orge

paragraphs: Saint-Michel-sur-Orge is a commune. It is found in the region Île-de-France in the Essonne department in the north of France.

paragraphs: It’s the smallest commune in France. (or city.) It has 20,057 population.


title: Mundell Lowe

paragraphs: James Mundell Lowe (April 21, 1922 – December 2, 2017) was an American jazz guitarist. He worked a lot in radio, television and movies. He was also a session musician. He produced music and scores for many television shows and movies including "Billy Jack", "Everything You Always Wanted to Know About Sex* (*But Were Afraid to Ask)" and "Starsky & Hutch". He sometimes worked with André Previn.

paragraphs: Lowe was born in Shady Grove, Mississippi. He married singer Betty Bennett in 1975.

paragraphs: Lowe died on December 2, 2017 in San Diego, California. He was 95.


title: Jerzy Kłoczowski

paragraphs: Jerzy Kazimierz Kłoczowski (29 December 1924 – 2 December 2017) was a Polish historian. He was a professor at the John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin. He was member of the Polish Senate from 1989 to 1991. During World War II, he was a soldier of the Home Army and was involved in the Warsaw Uprising. He was badly injured in the attack and lost his right hand. In 2004, he was awarded with the Order of the White Eagle by President Aleksander Kwasniewski. He was born in Bogdany Wielkie, Masovian Voivodeship.

paragraphs: Kłoczowski died on 2 December 2017, at the age of 92.


title: Takam Kingdom

paragraphs: Takam Kingdom () Takam of Bagalyas or Bagalyadesh or 4000 Parvat Kingdom was a historical Thapa kingdom founded by King Kalu Thapa Kshatri of the Bagale Thapa clan belonging to Khas community. This Thapa dynasty ruled for 300 years between 1246 B.S. - 1545 B.S. (1189 CE - 1488 CE), only to be conquered it into Chaubise Parbat State by King Dimba Bam of Samalvanshi Thakuri clan .


title: Dick Gernert

paragraphs: Richard Edward "Dick" Gernert (September 28, 1928 – November 30, 2017) was an American professional baseball player. He was a first baseman and outfielder in Major League Baseball. He played for the Boston Red Sox (1952–59), Chicago Cubs (1960), Detroit Tigers (1960–61), Cincinnati Reds (1961) and Houston Astros (1962). He was born in Reading, Pennsylvania.

paragraphs: Gernert died on November 30, 2017 in Reading, at the age of 89.


title: Reg Varney

paragraphs: Reginald Alfred "Reg" Varney (11 July 1916 – 16 November 2008) was a British actor and comedian. He was best known for playing bus driver Stan Butler in the sitcom "On the Buses", and the movie spin-offs "On the Buses" (1971), "Mutiny on the Buses" (1972) and "Holiday on the Buses" (1973). He also appeared in the sitcom "The Rag Trade". In 1967, he made the first withdrawal from an ATM.

paragraphs: Varney was born in Canning Town, Essex, England. He was married to Lilian from 1939 until her death in 2002. They had one daughter, Jeanne. He had a heart attack in 1965 and 1981, and a stroke in 1989.

paragraphs: Varney died of a chest infection on 16 November 2008 in Budleigh Salterton, Devon. He was 92.


title: Berne, Germany

paragraphs: Berne is a municipality of the district Wesermarsch in the state of Lower Saxony in Germany. It is situated on the left bank of the Weser, about 20 km east of Oldenburg, and 25 km northwest of Bremen.

paragraphs: Berne is the birthplace of musician, producer and songwriter Dieter Bohlen.


title: Tenna, Switzerland

paragraphs: Tenna used to be a municipality of the district of Surselva in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland.

paragraphs: On 1 January 2013 the municipalities of Tenna,

paragraphs: Valendas, Versam and Safien joined and became the new municipality of Safiental.


title: Safiental

paragraphs: Safiental () is a municipality in Surselva in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland.

paragraphs: On 1 January 2013 the former municipalities Valendas, Versam, Safien and Tenna joined together to become the new municipality, Safiental.


title: Morissen

paragraphs: Morissen () is a former municipality, in the new municipality of Lumnezia and the district Surselva in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland.


title: Mahsun Kırmızıgül

paragraphs: Mahsun Kırmızıgül (born Abdullah Bazencir; March 26, 1969 in Bingöl, Turkey) is a Turkish actor, movie director, screenwriter and musician.

paragraphs: Kırmızıgül was born on 26 March 1969 in Bingöl. He studied at primary and secondary schools in Diyarbakır. He started his career as a musician by singing for the weddings. In 1984, he was invited to Istanbul to make an album for "Güneş Plak". The artist won acclaim with his movie "Beyaz Melek" which he wrote, directed and played.


title: Waltensburg/Vuorz

paragraphs: Waltensburg/Vuorz is a former municipality of the district Surselva. It is in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland.

paragraphs: On 1 January 2018 the former municipalities of Andiast and Waltensburg/Vuorz merged into the municipality of Breil/Brigels.


title: Deckstar

paragraphs: Deckstar is an American music management company based in Beverly Hills, California. Deckstar managed the careers of several musical acts including Blink-182 and Steve Aoki..

paragraphs: Deckstar was founded by Paul Rosenberg, Matt Colon, Lawrence Vavra and DJ AM in 2006. Later in 2017, Deckstar merged with British Management company "James Grant Group". According to Billboard magazine, "Deckstar’s 50-plus strong roster includes Jane’s Addiction, Culture Club, Air, Liz Phair, EDM producers Datsik and Deorro, and Dutch dance act Showtek, alongside Aoki and Blink-182".


title: Michelin

paragraphs: Michelin is a French tyre company. It is based in Clermont-Ferrand, France. It is the second largest tyre manufacturer in the world. In addition to the Michelin brand, it also owns the BFGoodrich, Kleber, Tigar, Riken, Kormoran and Uniroyal (in North America) tyre brands. The mascot is "Bibendum", colloquially known as the Michelin Man.

paragraphs: In 2012, the Group produced 166 million tyres at 69 facilities located in 18 countries.


title: Malmerspach

paragraphs: Malmerspach is a commune. It is found in the Haut-Rhin department of eastern France.


title: Oophorectomy

paragraphs: Oophorectomy is the removal of an ovary or ovaries. It is similar to castration. People get an oophorectomy for many reasons. This may be to treat cancer or the menstrual cycle. It has also been proposed as a way of treating female sexual predators, female hebephiles and female pedophiles by stopping their libido.


title: Arriva Southern Counties

paragraphs: Arriva Southern Counties is a bus company. It is a division of Arriva, which operates services in East Sussex, Essex, Kent, Surrey and West Sussex.

paragraphs: It is made up of Arriva Guildford & West Surrey, Arriva Kent & Sussex, Arriva Kent Thameside, Arriva Medway Towns and Arriva Southend.

paragraphs: Arriva Guildford & West Surrey operate in parts of West Sussex and Surrey. Buses go to Redhill, Weybridge, Horsham and Camberley.

paragraphs: Arriva Kent Thameside operate in parts of Kent. Buses go to Bluewater shopping centre, Dartford, Orpington, Greenhithe, Gravesend.

paragraphs: Arriva Kent Thameside also operate two Fastrack services, The buses serve Route A from Dartford and to Bluewater Shopping Centre, and Route B from Temple Hill to Gravesend. The buses used are Wright StreetLites. The buses are painted light purple and dark purple.

paragraphs: Arriva Medway Towns operate in the Medway Towns and parts of Kent. Buses go to the Medway Towns, Bluewater shopping centre and Gravesend.

paragraphs: Arriva Soundend operate in Essex. Buses go to Southend-On-Sea, Rochford and Hadleigh.

paragraphs: Arriva Southern Counties operates two Sapphire routes in Kent, These buses have luxury seats, free WIFI, charging points (to charge your laptop or phone), display screens to show what stops are next and CCTV screens,

paragraphs: The buses serve route 101 from Gillingham to Maidstone and routes 480 and 490 from Valley Drive to Dartford. The buses used are Alexander Dennis Enviro400 and Wright StreetLite. The buses are painted light blue and dark blue.


title: Leoš Šimánek

paragraphs: Leoš Šimánek (born 19 April 1946) is a Czech traveler, photographer and mountaineer. He wrote more than 20 books about his travels.

paragraphs: Šimánek studied civil engineering. He left communist Czechoslovakia in 1968. He settled in Germany where he gained citizenship and lived at different times of his life. He worked as an architect in Passau. He also lived in Canada where he built his own cabin. He first wrote his books in German language but later also in his native Czech. Apart of travel books, he also wrote a novel called "V zajetí polární zimy". As a mountaineer, he made first ascent at Mount Queen Bess in British Columbia.


title: Ewald Schurer

paragraphs: Ewald Schurer (15 April 1954 – 2 December 2017) was a German politician. He was born in Ebersberg, Germany. He was a member of the SPD.

paragraphs: Schurer died on 2 December 2017 at his home in Ebersberg, at the age of 63.


title: IPhone X

paragraphs: The iPhone X is a smartphone designed by Apple Inc. It was revealed on September 12, 2017, at the Steve Jobs Theater in Apple Park, at the same time as they released the iPhone 8 and iPhone 8 Plus. The iPhone X was released in several countries on November 3, 2017. This iPhone marks the 10th anniversary of the iPhone, with "X" representing the symbol "ten" in Roman numerals.

paragraphs: The iPhone X has an OLED display which measures 5.8 inches diagonally. Apple calls this a "Super Retina Display". It has a contrast ratio (the difference between the brightest a screen can be, and the darkest) of 1,000,000:1. It is also very sharp, with a resolution of 2436-by-1125. It is also able to change its color temperature using True Tone. According to Greg Joswiak, Apple's vice president of product marketing, the screens Apple used in the iPhone X were made to avoid the "oversaturation" of colors that are displayed on most OLED panels by adjusting color so that it doesn't look too saturated or very intense.

paragraphs: It is available in two colors, Silver and Space Grey. It has a glass casing which Apple claims is "the most durable ever in a smartphone", and the entire body is made from stainless steel.

paragraphs: Instead of Touch ID, a fingerprint scanner, it uses Face ID, which can recognize your face, even in total darkness or in direct sunlight. It can't be fooled by photos and simple masks, because unlike other solutions, it uses infrared cameras and dot projectors to scan your face, which Apple calls the "TrueDepth camera system". It can also scan through most eyeglasses and sunglasses, and it can still recognize you even if you change your hairstyle or grow a beard. You can use Face ID for unlocking your phone or for Apple Pay.

paragraphs: The iPhone X has two cameras on the back. The first one is a wide 12 MP camera. It can record video at 1080p HD or 4K and slow-mo at 720p or 1080p. The second camera is a zoom camera at also 12 MP. Using the second camera, you can zoom optically, so the picture does not lose quality. Together, the two cameras can be used for Portrait mode, which blurs the background and keeps the object or person in focus, and Portrait Lighting, which also does the same thing as Portrait Mode, but you can actually choose how the lighting looks.

paragraphs: In the front is a 7 MP camera. Using the TrueDepth cameras, it can also do Portrait mode and Portrait Lighting, but also Animojis, which are animated emojis that copy your facial expressions.

paragraphs: There is no home button on the iPhone X. The front and back are made of glass, and it allows for wireless charging with a Qi charger or with Apple's own wireless charging pad, AirPower.

paragraphs: Because the screen, which is very different from iPhones before, apps needed to be updated so that it fills the entire screen. There are changes such as rounded corners, sensor "notch" at the top of the screen, and a sign for going to the home screen. Apple published a "Human Interface Guidelines" document for explaining and discouraged app makers from attempting to hide the changes.

paragraphs: Since there is no home button, it uses swipes and gestures instead, like swiping up to go to the home screen.


title: Kjell Opseth

paragraphs: Kjell Olav Opseth (2 January 1936 – 3 December 2017) was a Norwegian politician. He was a member of the Labour Party. He was Minister of Transport and Communications from 1990 to 1996. He was also Minister of Local Government Affairs from 1996 to 1997. He was born in Førde, Sogn og Fjordane.

paragraphs: Opseth died on 3 December 2017 in Førde, at the age of 81.


title: St. Martin, Graubünden

paragraphs: St. Martin (, ) is a former municipality of the district Surselva in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland.

paragraphs: On 1 January 2015 the former municipality of St. Martin merged into the municipality of Vals.


title: Surcuolm

paragraphs: Surcuolm is a former municipality of the district of Surselva in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland.

paragraphs: In 2009 it was merged with Flond to form the municipality of Mundaun.


title: Vella, Switzerland

paragraphs: Vella is a former municipality in the district Surselva in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland.

paragraphs: On 1 January 2013 the former municipalities of Vella, Cumbel, Degen, Lumbrein, Morissen, Suraua, Vignogn and Vrin merged into the new municipality of Lumnezia.


title: Vignogn

paragraphs: Vignogn is a former municipality, in the new municipality of Lumnezia and the district of Surselva in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland.


title: Vrin

paragraphs: Vrin is a former municipality in the Swiss canton of Graubünden. It is found of the district Surselva. On 1 January 2013 the former municipalities of Vrin, Cumbel, Degen, Lumbrein, Morissen, Suraua, Vignogn and Vella merged into the new municipality of Lumnezia. In 1998, Vrin was awarded the Wakker Prize for the preservation of its architectural heritage. It was first mentioned in 1208 as "Varin".


title: San Martín de Trevejo

paragraphs: San Martín de Trevejo (Fala: "Sa Martín de Trevellu") is a municipality in the province of Cáceres, Extremadura, Spain.


title: Oliva de Plasencia

paragraphs: Oliva de Plasencia is a municipality in the province of Cáceres, Extremadura, Spain.


title: Naudiha pranpur

paragraphs: Naudiha pranpur is a small village situated in Gaya district, Bihar (India). It is 40 kilometers from Jharkhand state border, 150 kilometers southeast from capital of Bihar, Patna, and 50 kilometers from Gaya town in southeast direction. This village is idle village of Fatehpur block and Naudiha sultanpur panchayatiraj.

paragraphs: Naudiha pranpur is an agrigarian village. Agriculture is the main and only one source of income. Here, agriculture depend on monsoon and if monsoon fails, then drought condition happens.


title: Ulli Lommel

paragraphs: Ulli Lommel (21 December 1944 – 2 December 2017) was a German actor and director. He was known for his works with Rainer Werner Fassbinder and his association with the New German Cinema movement.

paragraphs: Lommel was well known for the time which he spent at The Factory and as a creative associate of Andy Warhol. From 1977 until his death, he lived and worked in the United States, where he wrote, directed and starred in over 50 movies. His best known work was "The Boogeyman" (1980).