title: Janeite

paragraphs: The word Janeite has been used by people who love the works of Jane Austen. However, it can also be used to show disapproval. Claudia Johnson says that "Janeitism" is "the self-consciously idolatrous enthusiasm (love) for 'Jane' and every detail relative to her (about her)".

paragraphs: Janeitism did not begin until after J. E. Austen-Leigh published "A Memoir of Jane Austen" in 1870. When this was published, Jane Austen became much more popular. This worried the literary elite. They felt they had to separate their liking of Austen from the "masses". The word "Janeite" was first begun by the literary scholar George Saintsbury in his 1894 introduction to a new edition of "Pride and Prejudice". Austen scholar Deidre Lynch explains, "he meant to equip himself with a badge of honor he could jubilantly (triumphantly, happily) pin". In the early twentieth century, Janeitism was "principally (mostly) a male enthusiasm shared among publishers, professors, and literati". Rudyard Kipling even printed a short story called "Janeites" about a group of World War I soldiers who were fans of Austen's novels.

paragraphs: In the 1930s and 1940s,Austen's works were accepted at school, and the word began to change its meaning. It began to mean the people who liked Austen in the "wrong" way. The word, according to Lynch, is now " and against "other" people".


title: Sleep (operating system)

paragraphs: When a computer is asleep, it is not running. However, programs that were running when the computer "went to sleep" are not shut down. When the computer wakes up, the programs come back to where they were before the sleep.


title: 2008–09 Calgary Flames season

paragraphs: The 2008-09 Calgary Flames season is the team's 28th season in the National Hockey League since the franchise relocated to Calgary.

paragraphs: The Flames lost to the Chicago Blackhawks 2 games to 4 in the Conference Quarter-Finals.


title: 2007–08 Calgary Flames season

paragraphs: The 2007-08 Calgary Flames season is the team's 27th season in the National Hockey League since the franchise relocated to Calgary.


title: Histone

paragraphs: Histones are proteins found in eukaryotic cell nuclei, which package the DNA into structural units called nucleosomes. They are the chief protein components of chromatin, the active component of chromosomes.

paragraphs: Histones act as spools around which DNA winds, and play a role in gene regulation. Without histones, the unwound DNA in chromosomes would be very long. For example, each human cell has about 1.8 meters of DNA, but wound on the histones it has about 90 millimeters of chromatin, which, when duplicated and condensed during mitosis, result in about 120 micrometers of chromosomes.

paragraphs: Histones act as spools around which DNA winds. This packs in the large genomes of eukaryotes to fit inside cell nuclei. The compacted molecule is 40,000 times shorter than an unpacked molecule.

paragraphs: Histones undergo changes which alter their interaction with DNA and nuclear proteins. Long-term changes in histone/DNA interaction cause epigenetic effects. Combinations of modifications are thought to constitute a code, the so-called "histone code". Histone modifications act in diverse biological processes such as gene regulation, DNA repair and chromosome condensation (mitosis).

paragraphs: Examples of histone modifications in transcription regulation include:

paragraphs: Histones were discovered in 1884 by Albrecht Kossel. The word "histone" dates from the late 19th century and is from the German "Histon", of uncertain origin: perhaps from Greek "histanai" or from "histos". Until the early 1990s, histones were dismissed as merely packing material for nuclear DNA. During the early 1990s, the regulatory functions of histones were discovered.

paragraphs: The discovery of the H5 histone appears to date back to 1970's.

paragraphs: Histones are found in the nuclei of eukaryotic cells, and in certain Archaea, namely Euryarchaea, but not in bacteria. Histone proteins are among the most highly conserved proteins in eukaryotes, which suggests they are vital to the biology of the nucleus. In contrast, mature sperm cells largely use protamines to package their genomic DNA, most likely to achieve an even higher packaging ratio.

paragraphs: Core histones are highly conserved proteins, that is, there are very few differences among the amino acid sequences of the histone proteins of different species. Linker histone usually has more than one form within a species and is also less conserved than the core histones.


Yūsuke Tanaka


title: Satoshi Hida

paragraphs: Satoshi Hida (born 18 April 1984) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Albirex Niigata Singapore.


title: Masato Okubo

paragraphs: Masato Okubo (born 17 April 1986) is a former Japanese football player.


title: Mitsumasa Yoda

paragraphs: Mitsumasa Yoda (born 7 August 1977) is a former Japanese football player.


title: Óscar López Hernández

paragraphs: Óscar López Hernández (born 11 May 1980) is a Spanish football player. He plays for Numancia Soria.


title: Heurelho Gomes

paragraphs: Heurelho Gomes (born 15 February 1981) is a Brazilian football player. He plays for Tottenham Hotspur.


title: Alex Rodrigo Dias da Costa

paragraphs: Alex Rodrigo Dias da Costa (born 17 June 1982) is a Brazilian football player. He plays for Chelsea.


title: Helton da Silva Arruda

paragraphs: Helton da Silva Arruda (born 18 May 1978) is a Brazilian football player. He plays for Porto.


title: Carlo Mazzone

paragraphs: Carlo Mazzone (born 19 March 1937) is a former Italian football player.


title: Yuji Goto

paragraphs: Yuji Goto (born 20 August 1985) is a former Japanese football player.


title: Yūsuke Tanaka (born in April 1986)

paragraphs: Yūsuke Tanaka (born 14 April 1986) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Yokohama F. Marinos.


title: Jonathan de Guzmán

paragraphs: Jonathan de Guzmán (born 12 September 1987) is a Dutch football player. He plays for Feyenoord Rotterdam.


title: Jiro Kamata

paragraphs: Jiro Kamata (born 28 July 1985) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Vegalta Sendai.


Kengo Ishii


title: Taku Akahoshi

paragraphs: Taku Akahoshi (born 21 April 1984) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Sagan Tosu.


title: Substrate (biochemistry)

paragraphs: In biochemistry, a substrate is the molecule acted on by an enzyme to produce a product.

paragraphs: The general equation for an enzyme reaction is:

paragraphs: An example: Sucrase, 400 times the size of its substrate sucrose, splits the sucrose into its constituent sugars, which are glucose and fructose. The sucrase bends the sucrose, and strains the bond between the glucose and fructose. Water molecules join in and make the cleavage in a fraction of a second.


title: Maciej Rataj

paragraphs: Maciej Rataj (born 19 February 1884 - died 21 June 1940) was a Polish politician of peasants movement. He was Speaker of the Parliament (Sejm). He was Acting President of Poland twice.

paragraphs: Rataj was an independence and peasant activist before Poland regained an independence in 1918. He became Member of Sejm in 1918. He was elected Speaker in the first regular term and held that post from 1922 to 1928. Previously, he was Minister for Religious Affairs in Wincenty Witos cabinet.

paragraphs: He was Acting President twice: from 16 December to 22 December 1922 and from 15 May to June 4 1926. For the first time he served between assassination of Poland's first President Gabriel Narutowicz and election of his successor Stanisław Wojciechowski. For the second, between Wojciechowski resignation after a May coup and election of Ignacy Mościcki.

paragraphs: After outbreak of the World War II, Rataj remained in occupied Poland and was murdered, along other prominent citizens, by Nazis in Palmiry.


title: Fatty acid

paragraphs: A fatty acid is a carboxylic acid (-C(=O)OH), with a long unbranched hydrocarbon tail. It is studied in organic chemistry and biochemistry.

paragraphs: Fatty acids are important sources of body fuel. When metabolized, they yield large quantities of ATP. Many cell types can use either glucose or fatty acids for this purpose. In particular, heart and skeletal muscle prefer fatty acids.

paragraphs: Fatty acids may be either saturated or unsaturated. Unsaturated compounds have reactive double bonds; saturated ones do not.

paragraphs: Fatty acids are aliphatic monocarboxylic acids derived from, or contained in, an animal or vegetable fat, oil, or wax. Natural fatty acids commonly have a chain of four to 28 carbon atoms (usually unbranched and even numbered), which may be saturated or unsaturated. This would include acetic acid, although this is not usually considered a fatty acid (not a lipid).

paragraphs: The blend of fatty acids in mammalian skin, together with lactic acid and pyruvic acid, are distinctive. They allow animals with a keen sense of smell to identify individuals.


title: Repetitive strain injury

paragraphs: Repetitive strain injury (RSI), also known as occupational overuse syndrome, is a medical condition. It causes pain in the muscles, nerves, or tendons after a person uses the same part of the body over and over again, or without taking breaks. It is usually caused by doing the same thing repeatedly or without breaks. Using a computer or mobile for long periods of time is a common cause of this problem.

paragraphs: Repetitive strain injury is described as a sudden, intense pain in affected parts of the body, often the wrists, neck, back or hands, that keeps coming back. It is different from more specific diagnoses, because there are many possible causes for RSI. The pain is often spread across different muscle groups and inspection of the affected area usually cannot show any differences from that of a healthy person. Because of this, treatment for RSI is usually limited to rest and exercises, and sometimes wearing a brace.


title: Debt consolidation

paragraphs: Debt consolidation involves taking out a loan to pay off multiple loans. This is usually done to secure a lower interest rate and for the convenience of paying only one loan.

paragraphs: Debt consolidation usually entails taking a secured loan against an asset, such as a house, and using this to pay off higher-interest unsecured loans and credit card debts. However this puts the individuals assets at risk if they do not keep up payment.

paragraphs: Sometimes, debt consolidation companies will discount the amount of the loan. When the debtor is in danger of bankruptcy, the debt consolidator will buy the loan at a discount. A prudent debtor can shop around for consolidators who will pass along some of the savings. Consolidation can affect the ability of the debtor to discharge debts in bankruptcy, so the decision to consolidate must be weighed carefully.


title: Prognosis

paragraphs: Prognosis refers to the expected course/outcome of a disease.


title: Nephrectomy

paragraphs: Nephrectomy is the surgical removal of a kidney. It is commonly performed in patients with Renal cell carcinoma or other forms of Kidney cancer.


title: Prostatectomy

paragraphs: Prostatectomy is the surgical removal of part or all of the prostate. It is often used in the treatment of inability to urinate or of prostate cancer. Patients who are having a prostatectomy can expect to stay in the hospital for two to four days. A tube called a "catheter" is usually left in the patient's bladder for two or three weeks, which can result in the patient having problems controlling his bladder for awhile.


title: Interleukin-2

paragraphs: Interleukin-2 is a form of Interleukin. It is important in medicine because it is an effective treatment for metastatic renal cell carcinoma and Metastatic melanoma. It can produce up to a 16% response rate in patients with Metastatic melanoma. and a slightly lower 15% response rate in metastatic renal cell carcinoma.


title: Lymphoma

paragraphs: Lymphoma is a cancer of the lymphatic system. There are many types of lymphoma, including Hodgkin's lymphoma, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, primary central nervous system lymphoma, the B-cell lymphoma, and the hepatosplenic lymphoma.

paragraphs: Chemotherapy is often used for both Hodgkin's lymphoma and non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Radiotherapy may also be used.


title: Primary central nervous system lymphoma

paragraphs: Primary central nervous system lymphoma is a form of Lymphoma affecting the Central nervous system. It is more common in those with weak immune systems, such as those with AIDS.


title: Kya Dark Lineage

paragraphs: Kya Dark Lineage is an action adventure game for the PlayStation 2.

paragraphs: "Kya Dark Lineage" is about a girl named Kya. Kya gets thrown into another world with her brother Frank. Kya ends up helping creatures called Nativs. Nativs are little cat people. The Nativs are being attacked by Brazul, Kya's father who has powerful magic and turns Nativs into creatures called Wolfun. Wolfun are bad, Kya can fight Wolfun and defeat them. She can also turn them back into Nativs.

paragraphs: Kya goes on a mission to save her brother Frank who was captured by Brazul, fight Wolfun and turn them back into Nativs, beat up Brazul and find a way back home.


title: 2008–09 Nashville Predators season

paragraphs: The 2008–09 season is the Nashville Predators' tenth season in the National Hockey League.


title: 2007–08 Nashville Predators season

paragraphs: The 2007–08 season is the Nashville Predators' ninth season in the National Hockey League.

paragraphs: The Predators lost to the Detroit Red Wings in the Conference Quarter-Finals. 2 games to 4.


title: Darci Sprotte Neto

paragraphs: Darci Sprotte Neto (born 25 March 1987) is a Brazilian football player.


title: Daisuke Aono

paragraphs: Daisuke Aono (born 19 September 1979) is a former Japanese football player.


title: Kosei Nakamura

paragraphs: Kosei Nakamura (born 5 April 1981) is a former Japanese football player.


title: Akihiro Kurihara

paragraphs: Akihiro Kurihara (born 2 May 1985) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Nagano Parceiro.


title: Yudai Suwa

paragraphs: Yudai Suwa (born 5 May 1986) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Nagano Parceiro.


title: Yuki Sakai

paragraphs: Yuki Sakai (born 28 June 1985) is a retired Japanese football player.


title: Shunichiro Zaitsu

paragraphs: Shunichiro Zaitsu (born 23 January 1987) is a Japanese football player.


title: Olivier Dacourt

paragraphs: Olivier Dacourt (born 25 September 1974) is a former French football player. He has played for France national team.


title: Andranik Eskandarian

paragraphs: Andranik Eskandarian (born 31 December 1951) is a former Iranian football player. He has played for Iran national team.


title: Hironobu Haga

paragraphs: Hironobu Haga (born 21 December 1982) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Consadole Sapporo.


title: Shinji Tsujio

paragraphs: Shinji Tsujio (born 23 December 1985) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Shimizu S-Pulse.


title: Yuya Hikichi

paragraphs: Yuya Hikichi (born 2 May 1983) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Tokushima Vortis.


Yusuke Inuzuka


title: Kazunori Yoshimoto

paragraphs: Kazunori Yoshimoto (born 24 April 1988) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Gifu.


title: Farnborough, Hampshire

paragraphs: Farnborough is a town in northeast Hampshire, England. The town is best known for the Farnborough Airshow which takes place every two years.


title: Late Heavy Bombardment

paragraphs: The Late Heavy Bombardment (LHB) or lunar cataclysm, is a period of time about 4.1 to 3.8 billion years ago. During this time, a large number of impact craters formed on the Moon. By inference the same thing happened on Earth, Mercury, Venus, and Mars as well.

paragraphs: The evidence for this event comes from the dating of lunar samples, which indicates that most impact melt rocks formed at that time. Many hypotheses have been suggested to explain how asteroidal or cometary material got into the inner solar system, but no consensus yet exists. One popular theory is that the gas giant planets migrated in orbit at this time, causing objects in the asteroid belt and/or Kuiper belt to be forced into orbits which reached the terrestrial planets.

paragraphs: Some think that the apparent clustering of impact melt ages near this time is an artifact of sampling.


title: 2008–09 Boston Bruins season

paragraphs: The 2008–09 Boston Bruins season is the Bruins' 84th season in the National Hockey League (NHL).

paragraphs: The Bruins beat the Montreal Canadiens in the Conference Quarter-Finals 4 games to none, but lost to the Carolina Hurricanes in the Conference Semi-Finals 3 games to 4.


title: 2007–08 Boston Bruins season

paragraphs: The 2007–08 Boston Bruins season is the Bruins' 83th season in the National Hockey League (NHL).

paragraphs: The Bruins lost to the Montreal Canadiens in the Conference Quarter-Finals 3 games to 4.


title: Rover 75

paragraphs: The Rover 75 is a car produced by Rover from 1999 to 2005. The 75 replaced both the 600 and the 800 Series.

paragraphs: It shares many components with the E46 BMW 3 Series, and were available with a 4-cylinder 1.8 litre petrol engine, 6-cylinder 2.0 and 2.5 litre petrol engines, a 8-cylinder 4.6 litre petrol engine and 4-cylinder 2.0 litre turbodiesel engines.

paragraphs: The 75 was available in both 4-door saloon and 5-door station wagon bodystyles, the latter was added in 2001 alongside sporty MG models. It had a facelift in early 2004.


title: Brain tumor

paragraphs: A brain tumor is any tumor in the brain. Tumors may be benign or malignant.

paragraphs: The treatment varies based on the type of tumor. For meningiomas, surgical removal of the tumor alone is often sufficient. Malignant tumors like anaplastic astrocytoma and glioblastoma multiforme require more aggressive therapy. For glioblastoma multiforme, surgical removal of the tumor followed by radiation therapy, also called radiotherapy, is used. Temozolomide (also known as Temodar) is also used for gliomas (including Glioblastoma multiforme).


title: The Black Cat

paragraphs: "The Black Cat" is a short story by Edgar Allen Poe. It was first published in August 1843 in "The Saturday Evening Post". In the story, a murderer tries to hide his crime. In the end, his guilt makes him admit the crime. Peter Lorre starred in a Roger Corman movie based on the story.

paragraphs: On the eve of his death, an unnamed narrator opens the story by proclaiming that he is sane, despite the wild narrative he is about to convey. This narrative begins years before, when the narrator’s honorable character is well known and celebrated. He confesses a great love for cats and dogs, both of which, he says, respect the fidelity of friendship, unlike fellow men. The narrator marries at a young age and introduces his wife to the domestic joys of owning pets. Among birds, goldfish, a dog, rabbits, and a monkey, the narrator singles out a large and beautiful black cat, named Pluto, as his favorite.

paragraphs: Though he loves Pluto, the narrator begins to suffer from violent mood swings, predominantly due to the influence of alcohol. He takes to mistreating not only the other animals but also his wife. During this uncontrollable rage, he spares only Pluto. After returning home quite drunk one night, the narrator lashes out at Pluto. Believing the cat has avoided him, he vengefully grasps the cat, only to be bitten on the hand. In demonic retaliation, the narrator pulls a penknife from his pocket and cuts out one of the cat’s eyes. Though the narrator wakes the next morning with a partial feeling of remorse, he is unable to reverse the newly ominous course of his black soul. Ignored for certain now by the wounded cat, the narrator soon seeks further retaliation. He is overwhelmed by a spirit of PERVERSENESS, and sets out to commit wrong for the sake of wrong. He hangs Pluto from the limb of a tree one morning.

paragraphs: On the night of Pluto’s hanging, the narrator’s family’s house burns down, but he dismisses the possibility of a connection between the two events. The day after the fire, which destroys all the narrator’s possessions, he witnesses a group of neighbors collected around a wall that remains standing. Investigating their shouts of amazement, the narrator discovers the impression of a gigantic cat—with a rope around its neck—on the surface of the wall. The narrator attempts to explain rationally the existence of the impression, but he finds himself haunted by this phantasm over the course of many months. One night, while out drunk, the narrator discovers a black object poised upon a large barrel of alcohol. A new black cat has appeared, resembling Pluto but with a splash of white on his fur.

paragraphs: As with Pluto, the narrator experiences a great fondness for the mysterious cat, which no one has seen before. The cat becomes part of the household, much adored by his wife as well. However, following the earlier pattern, the narrator soon cannot resist feelings of hatred for the cat. These murderous sentiments intensify when the narrator discovers that the cat’s splash of white fur has mysteriously taken on the shape of the gallows, the structure on which a hanging takes place. The white fur reveals the mode of execution that claimed Pluto, and the narrator pledges revenge.

paragraphs: One day, descending into the cellar of the building with his wife, the narrator almost trips over the cat. Enraged, the narrator grabs an axe to attack the cat, but his wife defends the animal. Further angered by this interference, the narrator turns his rage at his wife and buries the axe in her head. Faced with the evidence of his crime, the narrator considers many options for the body’s disposal, including dismemberment and burial. The narrator eventually decides to take advantage of the damp walls in the basement and entomb the body behind their plaster. Without any difficulty, the narrator creates a tomb in n the plaster wall, thereby hiding the body and all traces of his murder. When he finally turns to the cat, it is missing, and he concludes that it has been frightened away by his anger.

paragraphs: On the fourth day after the murder, the police arrive unexpectedly at the narrator’s apartment. Cool and collected, the narrator leads them through the premises, even into the basement. Though facing the scene of the crime, the police do not demonstrate any curiosity and prepare to leave the residence. The narrator, however, keeps trying to allay their suspicion. Commenting upon the solid craftsmanship of the house, he taps on the wall—behind which is his wife’s body—with a cane. In response to the tapping, a long, loud cry emanates from behind the wall. The police storm the wall and dismantle it, discovering the hidden corpse. Upon its head sits the missing cat.

paragraphs: Much like “The Tell-Tale Heart,” “The Black Cat” follows the narrator’s descent into madness after he proclaims his sanity in the tale’s opening paragraph. Even the narrator acknowledges the “wild” nature of the tale, attempting thereby to separate his mental condition from the events of the plot. The nature of the narrator’s madness differs from that of the narrator of “The Tell-Tale Heart.” “The Black Cat” does not concern itself only with the self-contained nature of the narrator’s mind. Rather, the narrator confesses an alcoholism that interferes with his grasp on reality and produces mood swings. Alcohol is, like the cat, an external agent that intrudes on the dynamics of the plot. The introduction of alcohol as a plot device is also significant because Edgar Allan Poe was an reputedly uncontrollable drunk throughout his lifetime. For many years, his biographers asserted that he died of alcohol poisoning in a gutter in Baltimore. More recent biographies insist that the exact cause of Poe’s death cannot be determined. Regardless, it is certain that Poe suffered from the deleterious effects of alcohol consumption throughout his life.

paragraphs: The influential literary critic Tzvetan Todorov introduced a concept of the “fantastic” in the early 1970s to discuss literature of horror, and the idea can be applied usefully to “The Black Cat.” The fantastic, he asserts, explores the indefinite boundary between the real and the supernatural. The fantastic is a literary category that contains elements of both the rational and the irrational. One of the fantastic elements in “The Black Cat” is the existence of the second cat—with the changing shape of its white fur and its appearance on the corpse behind the wall. These plot twists challenge reality, but they do not completely substitute a supernatural explanation for a logical one. It is possible that the plot twists derive only from the insanity of the narrator. As a result, the plot twists, like the fantastic, hover between the real and the supernatural. The resolution of the story is both rationally possible and tremendously unlikely; the cat could inhabit the basement walls, but it is difficult to believe that it would remain silently in the wall for a long time or go unnoticed by the overly meticulous narrator.


title: Benzodiazepine

paragraphs: Benzodiazepines are organic chemical substances, made of two carbon rings. Certain benzodiazepines can be used as drugs that increase the effect of the neurotransmitter GABA. The resulting drug has sedative effects. Depending on the drug, the effect may be stronger or weaker. The first benzodiazepine, chlordiazepoxide (Librium), was discovered accidentally by Leo Sternbach in 1955, and made available in 1960 by the medicine company Hoffmann–La Roche.

paragraphs: In general taking benzodiazepines is safe and effective in the short term. Longer term use is controversial: In the long term, the drug may become less effective and problems of dependency may show.

paragraphs: Benzodiazepines may not be safe to be taken during pregnancy. They are not teratogens, which cause birth defects, but they may cause cleft palate in a small number of babies. Benzodiazepines can be taken in overdoses and can cause dangerous deep unconsciousness. However, they are much less toxic than the drugs they replaced, the barbiturates. Death rarely results when a benzodiazepine is the only drug taken. When combined with other central nervous system depressants such as alcohol and opiates, the potential for toxicity increases. Benzodiazepines are commonly misused and taken in combination with other drugs of abuse.

paragraphs: Panic Attacks: Benzodiazepines contain certain chemicals that produce a calming effect in the body. They keep the brain in a sedated state and hence help people overcome anxiety-related problems, they are also used to treat the people suffering from panic disorders.

paragraphs: Seizures: Benzodiazepines are extremely powerful anticonvulsants, they are very effective in preventing epileptic seizures.

paragraphs: Alcohol withdrawal: Benzodiazepines like diazepam are also used to help people fight alcohol dependence. These medicines eliminate toxins from the body and help people deal with alcohol withdrawal symptoms.

paragraphs: Generalized Anxiety Disorder: Benzodiazepines are also used to treat people suffering from GAD.

paragraphs: Insomnia: Benzodiazepines are an effective treatment for severe insomnia. These drugs calm down the nerves in the brain and induce sleep.


title: Bacterial meningitis

paragraphs: Bacterial meningitis is meningitis caused by bacteria. It is almost always fatal without antibiotics.

paragraphs: Treatment for bacterial meningitis consists of IV antibiotics.


title: Viral meningitis

paragraphs: Viral meningitis is an infection of the brain that is caused by a virus. It is usually caused by enteroviruses. Viral meningitis is not so dangerous as meningitis that is caused by bacteria and the symptoms are often mild or similar to flu. This disease occurs mainly in the summer. Children get this infection more than adults. Children usually recover completely after a two weeks. Strong medicines are often not needed.


title: Multiple myeloma

paragraphs: Multiple myeloma is a type of cancer involving the plasma cells. Some symptoms of the multiple myeloma are bone pain, renal failure, recurring infections and anemia. It is treated with chemotherapy. A commonly used chemotherapy regimen is the Vincristine, Adriamycin, and Dexamethasone. Thalidomides, velcades, melphalans, prednisones and interferons have also been used.


title: Edward Everett

paragraphs: Edward Everett (April 11, 1794– January 15, 1865) was an American politician, religious leader and educator from Massachusetts. He was a Whig. He served as U.S. Representative, and U.S. Senator, the 15th Governor of Massachusetts, Minister to Great Britain, and United States Secretary of State. He also taught at Harvard University and was as president of Harvard. He was the Vice-Presidential candidate of the Constitutional Union Party in 1860. He gave a long speech at Gettysburg right before Abraham Lincoln.

paragraphs: When Abraham Lincoln became president, the Civil War broke out. Everett had been calmer about slavery, but he was a strong Unionist. He worked hard to raise support for the Union through speaking in public. In November 1863, when the military cemetery at Gettysburg, Pennsylvania was dedicated, Everett was the main speaker. His two-hour speech was before the much shorter, but now more famous Gettysburg Address by President Lincoln. Everett was moved by the short speech and wrote to Lincoln, "I should be glad if I could flatter myself that I came as near to the central idea of the occasion, in two hours, as you did in two minutes."


title: NBA draft

paragraphs: The NBA draft happens every year in June. It is where teams in the National Basketball Association (NBA) choose players who have never played in the NBA before. If a team chooses a player, that player cannot sign a contract to play for any teams other than that team.

paragraphs: Players must be at least 19 years old at some point during the year of the draft. If the player's 19th birthday will be the next year, they are too young. If a player is from the United States, it must be at least one year after the graduation of his high school class. Some players who are star players go to college and play college basketball for just one year (because they cannot enter the draft right out of high school), then enter the NBA draft. These players are called "one and dones". Other players enter the draft after two or three years in college, and other players are drafted after playing in college for all four years that they can.

paragraphs: If a player has not played in college for four years, they must enter the NBA draft by declaring themselves eligible.

paragraphs: Teams take turns choosing players. When a team chooses a player, it is called a "pick". For example, if a player is chosen second, people will say that he was taken with the second pick in the draft. There are two rounds in the draft. Both rounds have 30 picks, so there are 60 picks in the whole draft. Each team gets one pick per round, but sometimes, a team will pick more than once in a round or not at all. This is because teams can trade draft picks for players, for money, or for other draft picks.

paragraphs: The NBA allows teams who had worse records (which means that they won fewer games) the previous season get to pick before better teams. This lets bad teams draft good players and become better. The first fourteen teams to pick are the fourteen teams that did not make the playoffs the previous season. (There are thirty teams in the NBA, and sixteen teams qualify for the playoffs every year, so fourteen teams do not.) The teams that do make the playoffs and who get picks 15 through 30 in the first round pick in reverse order of how good their records were (so the best team gets the 30th pick, the second best team gets the 29th pick, and so on). However, the first fourteen picks are given out differently so that teams will not lose games on purpose to get higher picks. These picks are given to teams in a process called the "draft lottery".

paragraphs: Since 1985, all teams that have missed the playoffs have participated in a lottery system to see who gets the first pick. The lottery system has changed a few times since then, but the system that the NBA uses right now uses ping pong balls that have numbers written on them. A machine picks four balls at a time, and every possible combination of numbers is assigned to a team. Teams with worse records get more combinations of numbers, which means that they have a better chance to win. The machine picks three teams, and these teams get the first three picks in the draft. The other eleven teams will pick in order of how bad their records are, so the worst team that was not selected will pick fourth, and so on.

paragraphs: Many star NBA players who helped their teams a lot were selected early in the NBA Draft. For example, with the first pick in the 1997 NBA draft, the San Antonio Spurs chose Tim Duncan. Duncan would help the San Antonio Spurs win several NBA Championships. Other star players who were chosen with the first pick are Shaquille O'Neal (chosen by the Orlando Magic in 1992), Dwight Howard (chosen by the Magic in 2004), and LeBron James (chosen by the Cleveland Cavaliers in 2003). However, not all players who have been chosen with the first pick have gone on to become star players. Some players have not had as much success as the teams who drafted them expected, and have been called "draft busts". A few players chosen with the first pick who have been called "draft busts" include Joe Smith (chosen by the Los Angeles Clippers in 1995), Michael Olowokandi (chosen by the Clippers in 1998), and Kwame Brown (chosen by the Washington Wizards in 2001.) On the other hand, some very successful players have been chosen very late in the draft, and have been called "draft steals". One such player is Manu Ginóbili, Duncan's longtime teammate with the Spurs, who was chosen with the next-to-last pick in the 1999 draft.


title: Radiometric dating

paragraphs: Radiometric dating (often called radioactive dating) is a way to find out how old something is. The method compares the amount of a naturally occurring radioactive isotope and its decay products, in samples. The method uses known decay rates. It is the most used method of geochronology, the main way to learn the age of rocks and other geological features, including the age of the Earth itself.

paragraphs: It is used to date many kinds of natural and man-made materials. Fossils may be dated by taking samples of rocks from above and below the fossil's original position. Radiometric dating is also used to date archaeological materials, including ancient artifacts.

paragraphs: Radiometric dating methods are used to establish the geological time scale. Among the best-known techniques are radiocarbon dating, potassium-argon dating and uranium-lead dating.

paragraphs: All ordinary matter is made up of combinations of chemical elements, each with its own atomic number, indicating the number of protons in the atomic nucleus. Elements exist in different isotopes, with each isotope of an element differing in the number of neutrons in the nucleus. A particular isotope of a particular element is called a nuclide. Some nuclides are naturally unstable. That is, at some point in time, an atom of such a nuclide will spontaneously change into a different nuclide by radioactive decay. The decay may happen by emission of particles (usually electrons (beta decay), positrons or alpha particles) or by spontaneous nuclear fission, and electron capture.

paragraphs: The mathematical expression that relates radioactive decay to geologic time is:

paragraphs: This equation uses information on the parent and daughter isotopes at the time the material solidified. This is well known for most isotopic systems. Plotting an isochron (straight-line graph) is used to solve the age equation graphically. It shows the age of the sample, and the original composition.

paragraphs: The method works best if neither the parent nuclide nor the daughter product enters or leaves the material after its formation. Anything which changes the relative amounts of the two isotopes (original and daughter) must be noted, and avoided if possible. Contamination from outside, or the loss of isotopes at any time from the rock's original formation, would change the result. It is therefore essential to have as much information as possible about the material being dated and to check for possible signs of alteration.

paragraphs: Measurements should be taken on samples from different parts of the rock body. This helps to counter the effects of heating and squeezing, which a rock may experience in its long history. Different dating methods may be needed to confirm the age of a sample. For example, a study of the Amitsoq gneisses from western Greenland used five different radiometric dating methods to examine twelve samples and got agreement to within 30 million years on an age of 3,640my.


title: Gerard López

paragraphs: Gerard López (born 12 March 1979) is a Spanish football player. He plays for Girona.


Tatsuya Okamoto


title: Takashi Fujii

paragraphs: Takashi Fujii (born 28 April 1986) is a Japanese football player. He has played for Sun Hei and is currently playing for Unsommet Iwate Hachimantai.


title: Go Nakamura

paragraphs: Go Nakamura (born 29 November 1986) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Gifu (reserve team).


title: Toru Morino

paragraphs: Toru Morino (born 12 May 1987) is a Japanese football player.


title: Noboru Kohara

paragraphs: Noboru Kohara (born 22 July 1983) is a former Japanese football player.


title: Sho Kamogawa

paragraphs: Sho Kamogawa (born 7 February 1983) is a Japanese football player. He plays for HOYO Atletico ELAN Oita.


title: Yusuke Sudo

paragraphs: Yusuke Sudo (born 7 May 1986) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Matsumoto Yamaga.


title: Shingo Wada

paragraphs: Shingo Wada (born 7 August 1987) is a former Japanese football player.


title: Tomoyasu Naito

paragraphs: Tomoyasu Naito (born 11 September 1986) is a Japanese football player. He has played for Fukushima United.


Ryota Takahashi


title: K–Ar dating

paragraphs: Potassium–Argon dating or K–Ar dating is a radiometric dating method used in geochronology and archaeology. It is based on measurement of the product of the radioactive decay of an isotope of potassium (K) into argon (Ar).

paragraphs: Potassium is a common element found in many materials, such as micas, clay, tephra, and evaporites. In these materials, the decay product Ar is able to escape the liquid (molten) rock, but starts to build up when the rock solidifies (recrystallises). Time since recrystallization is calculated by measuring the ratio of the amount of Ar to the amount of K remaining. The long half-life of K is more than a billion years, so the method is used to calculate the absolute age of samples older than a few thousand years.

paragraphs: Quickly cooled lavas make nearly ideal samples for K–Ar dating. They also preserve a record of the direction and intensity of the local magnetic field at that time. The geomagnetic polarity time scale was calibrated largely using K–Ar dating.


title: Ivan Leko

paragraphs: Ivan Leko (born 7 February 1978) is a Croatian football manager and former player. He has played for Croatia national team.


title: Jerko Leko

paragraphs: Jerko Leko (born 9 April 1980) is a Croatian football player. He plays for Monaco and Croatia national team.


title: Uranium-lead dating

paragraphs: Uranium-lead is one of the oldest and most refined of the radiometric dating schemes.

paragraphs: It can be used over an age range of about 1 million years to over 4.5 billion years. Precision is in the 0.1-1 percent range.

paragraphs: The method relies on two separate decay chains, the uranium series from U to Pb, with a half-life of 4.47 billion years and the actinium series from U to Pb, with a half-life of 704 million years.

paragraphs: The existence of two 'parallel' uranium-lead decay routes allows several dating techniques within the overall U-Pb system.

paragraphs: The term 'U-Pb dating' normally implies the coupled use of both decay schemes. However, use of a single decay scheme (usually U to Pb) leads to the U-Pb isochron dating method, analogous to the rubidium-strontium dating method.

paragraphs: Finally, ages can also be determined from the U-Pb system by analysis of Pb isotope ratios alone. This is termed the lead-lead dating method. Clair Cameron Patterson, an American geochemist who pioneered studies of uranium-lead radiometric dating methods, is famous for having used it to obtain one of the earliest accurate estimates of the age of the Earth.

paragraphs: Uranium-lead dating is usually performed on the mineral zircon (ZrSiO), though it can be used on other minerals. Zircon incorporates uranium and thorium atoms into its crystalline structure, but strongly rejects lead. Therefore, we can assume that the entire lead content of the zircon is radiogenic. Where this is not the case, a correction must be applied. Uranium-lead dating techniques have also been applied to other minerals such as calcite/aragonite and other carbonate minerals. These minerals often produce lower precision ages than igneous and metamorphic minerals traditionally used for age dating, but are more common in the geologic record.


title: Daigo Watanabe

paragraphs: Daigo Watanabe (born 3 December 1984) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Kyoto Sanga. He has 2 younger brothers, Kazuma Watanabe and Mitsuki Watanabe, who are both footballers.


title: Genki Nagasato

paragraphs: Genki Nagasato was born in Atsugi, Kanagawa. He is the brother of footballers Yūki Nagasato and Asano Nagasato.


title: Pedro Cea

paragraphs: Pedro Cea (1 September 1900 – 8 September 1970) is a former Uruguayan football player. He has played for Uruguay national team.


title: Masato Yamazaki

paragraphs: Masato Yamazaki (born 4 December 1981) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Sanfrecce Hiroshima.


title: Mälaren

paragraphs: Lake Mälaren is the third largest lake in Sweden after Lakes Vänern and Vättern. Its surface area is 1,140 km², its average depth is 12 meters and its greatest depth is 64 m. The lake drains, from southwest to northeast, into the Baltic Sea. The two largest islands in Mälaren are Selaön (91 km²) and Svartsjölandet (79 km²). The lake was previously known as Løgrinn. The Viking settlements Birka on the island of Björkö and Hovgården on the neighbouring island Adelsö have been a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1993, as has Drottningholm Palace on the island of Lovön.


title: Game Maker

paragraphs: Game Maker is a computer program for the Windows operating system. It was first made by Mark Overmars, but it is now made by the company YoYo Games.

paragraphs: Game Maker lets people make computer games without knowing a computer programming language. People who know how to use programming languages can use Game Maker's own programming language, called Game Maker Language.

paragraphs: The newest version is Game Maker Studio. Since the first version made in 1999, Game Maker was given many new features. One of these features is 3-D graphics.

paragraphs: Game Maker has a drag-and-drop interface. This lets people make games using mostly the computer mouse. Game Maker uses icons that tell the person what actions they can do. People can make simple games by moving these icons into a given order. More detailed games can be made when Game Maker Language is used.

paragraphs: Game Maker has an internet community and website. There, people who use Game Maker can put their games up for others to play. People can also get help on using Game Maker from other people.

paragraphs: Game Maker started as an animation program called "Animo". Each new version of Game Maker added new features. Starting with version 7.0, Game Maker was published by the YoYo Games company.

paragraphs: In May 22, 2012, YoYo Games released GM:Studio. After that GM:HTML5 is no longer supported.GM:Studio allows users to publish their games to Windows, Mac OS X, Android, iOS, Windows 8, Windows Phone 8, Linux Ubuntu and HTML5.


title: Cadbury Creme Egg

paragraphs: A Cadbury Creme Egg is a type of candy made by Cadbury. It is a chocolate egg with a fondant centre. They are sold around Easter time.


title: Bevacizumab

paragraphs: Bevacizumab is an anti-angiogenic drug that is used in the treatment of Metastatic Renal cell carcinoma, Metastatic breast cancer, Non-small cell lung cancer, and is also approved in the treatment Glioblastoma multiforme.


title: Metastatic breast cancer

paragraphs: Metastatic breast cancer is Breast cancer that has spread beyond the primary tumor. It is incurable, but may be treated with radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and Hormonal therapy including Tamoxifen. Recently Bevacizumab was approved for the treatment of metastatic breast cancer, along with Paclitaxel. Zometa is effective in treatment if the patient has Bone metastases.


title: Bone metastasis

paragraphs: Bone metastases are when a cancer spreads to the bones. This is called metastasis. People with breast and prostate cancer have more bone metastases than other cancers. However, almost any other cancer can spread to the bone.


title: Hypercalcemia

paragraphs: Hypercalcemia is too much calcium in the body. It is usually caused by either cancer or parathyroid disease. If hypercalcemia is severe, it may cause changes in mental status. Other symptoms can include nausea, abdominal pain, constipation, and thirst.

paragraphs: Hypercalcemia can be asscociated with Sarcoidosis or Tuberculosis.


title: Eoghan Quigg

paragraphs: Eoghan Quigg (12 July 1992) is a pop singer based in the United Kingdom and Ireland. He has been active since 2008 when he was a contestent on "The X Factor" where he finished in third place. In Ireland he has had a number 1 album called "Eoghan Quigg". Quigg was going to be signed by Simon Cowell, CEO of Syco Records, but was instead signed to RCA.


title: Imhotep

paragraphs: Imhotep was a high priest and a doctor in ancient Egypt. Imhotep also became famous as an architect. After his death, because of his attachment with the god Ptah during his work at Ptah's temple stories were spread that said that Ptah was his father. As a god he was often pictured seated, wearing a long kilt robe and a skull cap or a shaven head. He had a papyrus scroll spread on his lap to show his scholarly nature and scribal assistance.

paragraphs: As an architect Imhotep was most famous because he was the designer of the step pyramid. Before the step pyramid, pharaohs were buried in flat topped structures called mastabas. The term mastaba comes from the word meaning bench because they look like the benches most Egyptians placed outside their door. An average mastaba had four walls, a flat top and an underground burial chamber, reached by a vertical shaft or stairwell. There were also a couple of small rooms above the burial chambers containing various items for the afterlife. The step pyramid was actually just a number of mastabas placed one on top of the other, each one smaller than the previous one.Imhotep was the architect, physician, scribe, and grand vizier of the 3rd-Dynasty pharaoh Zoser. It was Imhotep who conceived and built the Step Pyramid at Sakkara. In the Late Period, Imhotep was worshipped as the son of Ptah and a god of medicine, as well as the patron (with Thoth) of scribes. The Greeks considered him to be Asklepios.

paragraphs: Imhotep’s best-known writings were medical scrolls. He is thought to have written the Edwin Smith papyrus. The papyrus consists of 48 injuries of which 27 are head trauma, and six are spine trauma. Here’s an example for treatment of a head injury:

paragraphs: “Examination: If thou examinest a man having a wound in his head, while his wound does not have two lips, penetrating to the bone of his skull, (but) not having a gash, thou shouldst palpate his wound (or, thou shouldst lay thy hand upon it); shouldst thou find his skull uninjured, not having a perforation; a split, or a smash in it. Treatment: Thou shouldst bind it with fresh meat the first day (and) treat afterwards with grease, honey (and) lint every day until he recovers wound in the head”

paragraphs: Around 100 years after his death Imhotep was deified (made into a god). He became the god of medicine and healing. Small temples were built in honor of him. People with injuries would sleep near his temple hoping to be healed. As a god, Imhotep was also worshiped by scribes. Scribes would offer a couple drops of water as a sacrifice to him before starting to write. Even when the Greeks took over, he was identified with another deified man called Asclepius and the Greeks continued to honor and build temples for him.

paragraphs: This continued until the Arab invasion in North Africa in the 7th century AD.


title: Ablai Khan

paragraphs: Wali-ullah Abul-Mansur Khan better known as Ablai Khan (1711–1781) was a ruler of the Kazakh Khanate, which is now in Kazakhstan. He became Khan (king) in 1736. Ablai became an orphan when he was a child. He was already famous as a warrior when he was 20 after he killed a great Dgungarian knight.

paragraphs: During Abilay Khan's rule, the Kazakh Khanate protected their eastern borders from Dgungarian invasion. They also had to protect their northern borders from Tatarian and Bashkirian tribes. When the Dgungarian Khanate was defeated by China, Abilay Khan defended the country from a Chinese invasion.

paragraphs: Ablai Khan was a diplomat and a fearless military leader. He united all Kazakh tribes into a strong country. Today, the people of Kazakhstan see him as the father of united Kazakhstan.


title: Turkmen Alabai

paragraphs: Alabay or Central Asian Shepherd is a breed of big-sized dog.

paragraphs: It originated in Central Asia`s countries of Kazakhstan, Kirgistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan andTadzhikistan. It is a very old breed, from ancient times. This breed was originally developed for guarding sheep.


title: Liver disease

paragraphs: Liver disease is any disease affecting the liver.

paragraphs: There are many forms of liver disease. Forms include:


title: Hepatocellular carcinoma

paragraphs: Hepatocellular carcinoma is the most frequently encountered type of liver cancer. It is more common in those with cirrhosis of the liver. If localized to the liver and small at the time of diagnosis, it can be surgically treated. If metastatic, it may be treated with Nexavar, an oral medication approved in the treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. Liver transplantation may be used in some cases.


paragraphs: The NHL All-Star Game SuperSkills Competition, at first called the National Hockey League All-Star Skills Competition, is an event on the night before the NHL All-Star Game. First held at the 41st National Hockey League All-Star Game in Pittsburgh in 1990, the NHL hosts the competition to show off the skills of the all-star players. Events include shot accuracy, fastest skater, puck control relay, hardest shot, breakaway challenge, and an elimination shootout. Players are put into teams in the same way the All-Star Game is done, which is by conferences. After each event, the winning conference is given points.

paragraphs: This event is to show who is the fastest skater while also moving the puck through pylons. Two races happen; the first one has three skaters on each team race against each other, and the second has the best single racers from each team. One point is given out to the winner of each of these two events.

paragraphs: This event is to see who can skate the fastest around the rink once. Two races are held; one for the team, and one for the faster single person.

paragraphs: This event shows who has the hardest shot. Two points are given out; one for the team that has the highest average shot, and one for the player with the hardest shot. Zdeno Chara has the record for hardest shot; he set the record in 2009 when his shot went 105.4 mph. Al Iafrate had the old record, which was 105.2 mph

paragraphs: This event sees who can shoot four targets best. Each target is put in a corner of the net. Two points are given out; one point is for the team that hits the targets in the least amount of shots, and one point for the player who hits the targets in the least amount of shots. A player has hit all four targets in only four tries seven times: Ray Bourque in 1992 and 1993, Mark Messier in 1996, Jeremy Roenick in 2004, Tomas Kaberle in 2008, and Dany Heatley, and Evgeni Malkin in 2009.

paragraphs: This event has players shoot on a goalie. Two points are awarded; one for the team that scores the most goals, and one point to the goalie who lets in the least amount of goals. Starting in 2008, players were given points on who could score the most creative goals. Winners were voted on by fans voting with text messages.

paragraphs: This event has players try to score on a breakaway against a goalie. When a player does not score, he is not allowed to compete anymore. The winner is the player who is the last one still playing.


title: Henrik Sedin

paragraphs: Henrik Sedin (born 26 September 1980) is a Swedish professional ice hockey centre and captain with the Vancouver Canucks of the National Hockey League (NHL). His identical twin brother Daniel also plays for the Canucks. They have played together during their careers and are known for the way in which they can help each other play. Henrik, a good passer, is known to help set up goals, while Daniel is known to score goals.

paragraphs: Henrik started his career in the Swedish Elite League with Modo Hockey in 1997 and won the Golden Puck as Swedish player of the year in 1999, winning it with Daniel. He was picked third by the Canucks in the 1999 NHL Entry Draft. Henrik has played his entire NHL career in Vancouver and has led the team in scoring the past six seasons, from 2007–08 to 2012-2013. In 2009–10, he won the Art Ross Trophy as the NHL's top point scorer, setting Canucks' records for assists and points in a season as well as the team record for career assists. Henrik also won the Hart Trophy as the NHL's Most Valuable Player for the 2009-10 season.

paragraphs: Internationally, Henrik has played for Sweden and won a gold medal at the 2006 Winter Olympics in Turin, as well as two bronze medals at the 1999 and 2001 World Championships.


title: Hepatoblastoma

paragraphs: Hepatoblastoma is a rare form of Liver cancer occurring most frequently in children. Treatment consists of Surgery and Chemotherapy. If all of the cancer is removed during surgery, the prognosis is excellent, but if cancer is left behind, the prognosis is much worse.


title: Smythe Division

paragraphs: The Smythe Division was one of the playing divisions of the National Hockey League (NHL). It was formed in 1974, and was part of the new Clarence Campbell Conference. A conference is a group of divisions. The division was named after Conn Smythe, owner of the Toronto Maple Leafs from 1927 to 1961. In 1993, the league divisions changed, and most of the Smythe Division became the Pacific Division. The Smythe Division won the Stanley Cup six times.

paragraphs: The first teams that played in the Smythe Division were:

paragraphs: The Canucks were the only team moved from the old East Division. The Blackhawks, Blues, and North Stars were moved from the old West Division. The Scouts were a new team. The Scouts now play as the New Jersey Devils. The North Stars now play as the Dallas Stars.

paragraphs: The new Patrick Division was also in the Clarence Campbell Conference. The other conference was the Prince of Wales Conference. The East Division and the new Adams Division were in the Prince of Wales Conference. This was the first year for conferences in the NHL. The old West Division teams were moved into all of the new divisions.

paragraphs: In 1976, the Scouts moved to Denver, Colorado and started playing as the Colorado Rockies.

paragraphs: In 1978, the North Stars move to the Adams Division.

paragraphs: In 1979, the World Hockey Association (WHA) went out of business. Four teams from the NWA join the NHL. The Edmonton Oilers and the Winnipeg Jets join the Smythe Division.

paragraphs: In 1981, the NHL changed the conference and division lineups. A number of teams moved to new divisions and conferences. The Blackhawks and the Blues left the Smythe Division for the Norris Division, which was now a part of the Clarence Campbell Conference.

paragraphs: The Calgary Flames left the Patrick Division, and the Los Angeles Kings left the Norris Division. Both teams joined the Smythe Division. The Smythe Division now had the following teams:

paragraphs: In 1982 the Rockies moved to the Meadowlands Sports Complex in East Rutherford, New Jersey and started playing as the New Jersey Devils. They also joined the Patrick Division.

paragraphs: The Winnipeg Jets moved from the Norris Division to the Smythe Division.

paragraphs: The division lineup stayed the same until 1991, when a new team, the San Jose Sharks was formed in San Jose, California and joined the Smythe Division.

paragraphs: In 1993, the NHL again changed the conferenes and divisions. The Eastern Conference contained the Northeast Division and the Atlantic Division. The Western Conference contained Central Division and the Pacific Division. The Jets were moved to the Central Division. All the other teams in the Smythe Division were moved to the Pacific Division. They were joined by the Mighty Ducks of Anaheim, a new team that played in Anaheim, California.

paragraphs: In 1984, the Oilers were the first team in the Smythe Division to win the Stanley Cup. They also won the Stanley Cup in 1985, 1987, and 1988. In 1989, the Flames won the Stanley Cup. In 1990, the Oilers won the last Stanley Cup for the Smythe division.


title: Kansas City Scouts

paragraphs: The Kansas City Scouts was a National Hockey League (NHL) team. They were an expansion (new addition) team to the league in 1974. They played two seasons in Kansas City, Missouri. While in Kansas City, they were a member of the Smythe Division. They were named the Scouts, after a well-known statue from the city. The team then moved to Denver, Colorado, and changed their name to the Colorado Rockies. In 1982, they moved again to New Jersey, and changed their name to the New Jersey Devils.


title: Monikangana Dutta

paragraphs: Moni Kangana Dutta (born September 13) is an Indian supermodel and actress represented by IMG Models.

paragraphs: She has worked for Elle, Vogue, and countless magazines and fashion shows & brands. As for Vogue, "When Vogue called me I couldn't believe it, it's every girl's dream to be on the cover, and there I was with five of the most beautiful girls in the world!!"


title: Hideaki Ikematsu

paragraphs: Hideaki Ikematsu (born 10 January 1986) is a Japanese football player.


title: Masataka Tamura

paragraphs: Masataka Tamura (born 12 January 1988) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Tochigi Uva.


title: Diego Bastos Riberiro

paragraphs: Diego Bastos Riberiro (born 20 March 1988) is a Brazilian football player.


title: Gary Caldwell

paragraphs: Gary Caldwell (born 12 April 1982) is a Scottish football player. He plays for Wigan Athletic and Scotland national team.


title: Eduardo da Silva

paragraphs: Eduardo da Silva (born 25 February 1983) is a Croatian football player. He plays for Shakhtar and Croatia national team.


title: Hidetaka Ubagai

paragraphs: Hidetaka Ubagai (born 2 September 1951) is a former Japanese football player.


title: Christian Riganò

paragraphs: Christian Riganò (born 25 May 1974) is an Italian football player.


title: Ryuta Hara

paragraphs: Ryuta Hara (born 19 April 1981) is a former Japanese football player.


title: Yoshiki Maeda

paragraphs: Yoshiki Maeda (born 29 August 1975) is a former Japanese football player.


title: David Di Michele

paragraphs: David Di Michele (born 6 January 1976) is an Italian football player. He has played for Italy national team.


title: Leandro Simioni

paragraphs: Leandro Vilas Boas Simioni (born 29 September 1974) is a Brazilian football player.


title: Goran Jurić

paragraphs: Goran Jurić (born 5 February 1963) is a former Croatian football player. He has played for Yugoslavia national team and Croatia national team.


title: Diamondback rattlesnake

paragraphs: The diamondback rattlesnake is a very poisonous rattlesnake. Diamondbacks are found from Florida to California. The bite from a big rattlesnake can hold enough poison to kill a person. However, if the victim gets to a doctor quickly enough, he or she can usually survive. People who spend time in regions where diamondback rattlesnakes live should take a few precautions. People must be especially careful around caves. Rattlesnakes sometimes hibernate in caves during cool weather. People can listen carefully for its unusual rattling noise, to know where it is hiding.


title: David Trezeguet

paragraphs: David Trezeguet (born 15 October 1977) is a French football player. He has played for France national team.


Jun Ando


title: Junya Hosokawa

paragraphs: Junya Hosokawa (born 24 June 1984) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Mito HollyHock.


title: Koki Otani

paragraphs: Koki Otani (born 8 April 1989) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Urawa Red Diamonds.


title: Carambola

paragraphs: Carambola, also known as star fruit, are tropical fruits. The fruit grows on trees that are native to India, Indonesia, and Sri Lanka. Star fruit is common in the south of Asia, Australia and all of the islands around Australia. The tree is also grown in tropic islands.

paragraphs: The carambola has been growing in parts of Asia for hundreds of years. It may have first been in Sri Lanka and Moluccas. Malaysia grows the most carambola in the world and it also grows in Bangladesh.

paragraphs: Because of insects and disease, whole carambolas cannot be taken into the USA. In the USA, star fruit is grown in Florida, Texas, South Carolina, Georgia, Louisiana, California, Texas, Arizona, Puerto Rico and Hawaii.

paragraphs: Star fruit tastes best ripe (yellow with a little green). It will also be brown on the five edges and feel hard. If the star fruit is overripe it will be yellow with brown spots.

paragraphs: You can eat all of the fruit, even the skin. It is sweet and very juicy. The taste is a little bit like a subtle mix of papaya, orange and grapefruit.

paragraphs: The Carambola is a tropical fruit. In Northern India, it grows up to 4,000 feet in elevation. It prefers a total exposure to the sun but requires high humidity and a total of 70 inches or more of rainfall a year. It requires good drainage of the soil

paragraphs: Carambola trees are planted 20 feet or more from each other. They grow fast and makes fruit when they are four or five years old. The rain during Spring makes the amount of fruit lower. In perfect conditions, Carambola can make from 200 to 400 pounds of fruit a year. The fruit is picked mainly during the months of June, July, and August.

paragraphs: Major pests are fruit flies, ants, and birds. In the United States, they are also vulnerable to frosts.


title: Kota Ogi

paragraphs: Kota Ogi (born 5 May 1983) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Ventforet Kofu.


title: Skardu District

paragraphs: Skardu District is part of Baltistan and currently constitutes one of the seven districts of the Gilgit Baltistan territory (formerly Northern Areas) of Pakistan.


title: Astore District

paragraphs: Astore is one of the six districts of Gilgit Baltistan. The district contains the Astore Valley and is bounded to the west by Diamir District (from which it was separated in 2004).


title: Katra Tehsil

paragraphs: Katra Tehsil () is a town and a notified area committee in Udhampur District of the disputed territory of Kashmir.


title: Nowshera Tehsil

paragraphs: Nowshera Tehsil () is a town and a notified area committee in Rajouri District in Jammu and Kashmir.


title: Super Mario

paragraphs: Super Mario is the biggest and most important sub-series of the "Mario" series. It started in 1985 with the creation of Super Mario Bros. on the Famicom and later on the Nintendo Entertainment System (also called NES). It has been followed by many sequels released in almost every Nintendo video game console to date, except the Game Boy, the Game Boy Color, and the Game Boy Advance, where only remakes, ports, or other spin-offs games where released.

paragraphs: Most of these games, except "Super Mario Bros. 2", "", and the "Super Mario Land "series", "are about Mario and, normally, his brother Luigi and sometimes his best friend Yoshi, in their adventure to search for and save Princess Peach from Bowser, who wants to takeover the Mushroom Kingdom, or another place, depending on the game. The Mario brothers' adventure is not easy, however, as they need to face Bowser's troops all over, who try to stop the brothers' attempts to save the princess.

paragraphs: All the games, and even some remakes, have been started by the Nintendo Entertainment Analysis and Development (also called Nintendo EAD) branch but not by the same area.

paragraphs: In 2010, the series celebrated the twenty-fifth of the release of "Super Mario Bros.". The celebration included a series of videos showing various tricks throughout the series' games on the Wii's Nintendo Channel, as well as releasing a Wii port of "Super Mario All-Stars", which included a history booklet of the "Super Mario" series and a CD containing several songs from games in the series.

paragraphs: This game is the first in the "Super Mario" series. It was made for the Famicom and the NES in 1985. This game set the way for the later games, and it was later re-released for many newer systems, including the Game Boy Advance and the Virtual Console for the Wii. This game marks the first appearance for many new heros, species, and villains. These characters include Bowser, Princess Peach (then called Princess Toadstool), Toad and the Mushroom Retainers, Goombas, Koopa Troopas, and many more.

paragraphs: A year after "Super Mario Bros.", Nintendo put out this game. It was made for the Famicom Disk System. It uses a slightly different form of "Super Mario Bros."'s engine, with different levels and new features including different graphics and the enemies acting a different way. This game is called Super Mario Bros. 2 in Japan; Nintendo of America originally thought this game was too hard and too much like the first to sell well in the United States. However, this game came in United States as part of "Super Mario All-Stars", and recently, this game was on the Virtual Console on the Wii.

paragraphs: After seeing that the Lost Levels was too hard, they did not release it in North America and Europe. Instead they remade Doki Doki Panic with Mario characters. You can play as Mario, Luigi, Toad and Peach, each with their own powers and abilities. They need to free Subcon from the evil frog Wart. The game has been included in remakes, such as Super Mario All-Stars and on Virtual Console.

paragraphs: This is the fourth "Super Mario" game. It was made for the Famicom and the NES. Many new species appear, including main ones like Boo and Spike. Boom Boom, Dry Bones, and the Koopalings also first appear here. New power-ups also appear such as the Super Leaf, the Hammer Suit and the Frog Suit. It has been believed to be one of the greatest games of all time. Its hard and tricky levels made it a huge success. It has new power ups, new moves, items, and enemies. It also has special non-level parts of each world, including Toad Houses where lives are gotten and Spade Panels, as well as some secret parts, such as the White Toad House and the Treasure Ship.

paragraphs: This game was released in 1990 for the Super Nintendo Entertainment System (also called SNES). It was also re-released as the second game in the "Super Mario Advance" series. In this game Mario and Peach go on a trip to Dinosaur Land but things go wrong when Bowser kidnaps Peach. This game was special for creating Yoshi and the species. It is the fifth game in the "Super Mario" series.

paragraphs: This game has its own special gameplay and story to the "Super Mario" series. It was released in 1996 for the Nintendo 64. In this game, Mario uses Power Stars to bring back the kidnapped Peach. Mario jumps into paintings trying to find Peach. Unlike games before, the way to win the levels in this game is not to find the end of the level; instead, Mario needs to find Power Stars by finishing missions in each course. This is also the first 3D game in this series. Though it was not the first 3-D platforming game, it transformed the genre, with many games soon following its formula, using it as a sort of guide. It is widely celebrated as one of the greatest games of all time. A remake for this game came out in 2004 for the Nintendo DS called "Super Mario 64 DS". This game brought in new bosses, such as King Bob-omb and Eyerok.

paragraphs: This game was released in 2002 for the Nintendo GameCube. Its gameplay is almost like "Super Mario 64"; however, it has a different storyline. Mario, Princess Peach, and Toadsworth are taking a vacation to Isle Delfino, when they find that the island has been ruined and the Shine Sprites stolen by a strange enemy that looks like Mario himself. Mario is then taken into custody and has to get a job cleaning up the entire island. Instead of collecting Power Stars, the player collects Shine Sprites. This game also introduced many recurring characters and bosses in the Mario series, including Toadsworth, Bowser Jr., Petey Piranha, Gooper Blooper, Piantas, Nokis, Shadow Mario, and FLUDD. "Super Mario Galaxy" is the sequel to this game. This is the second 3D game in the series.

paragraphs: This game is the eighth in the "Super Mario" series. It starts out when Bowser Jr. kidnaps Peach during a strange accident. Luigi can be played in this game, too. Luigi could not be played since "Super Mario World". This is the first game since "Super Mario World" (1990) that features the classic 2D play-style of the "Super Mario Bros." games. The game features a solo story mode with Mario or Luigi, a two-player wireless game Mario vs. Luigi, as well as a mini-game mode for up to four players. It was released in 2006 for the Nintendo DS. "New Super Mario Bros. Wii" is the sequel, though that game is not thought to be a direct sequel to the DS game.

paragraphs: This game is the ninth in the "Super Mario" series and the third 3D game in the series. It is different than the first two 3D games for the "Mario" series, this game takes place in deep space. Mario goes to the Star Festival because Princess Peach asks him, when the town comes under attack by Bowser's air forces. He steals Peach's castle and sends it to the center of the universe, making Mario have to save her. Most of the game's levels includes many small planets and asteriods, while others have bigger planets. A new popular species and character appear, Luma and Rosalina. It was released in 2007 for the Wii. This game has a direct sequel, called "Super Mario Galaxy 2". It is the only 3D game that has a direct sequel.

paragraphs: This game is the tenth in the "Super Mario" series and the second for the Wii. It is an indirect sequel to "New Super Mario Bros.". In this game, Yoshis are can be ridden and the Koopalings return. It has single-player and multiplayer mode for up to four players at the same time. This is the first time more than one player can play at the same time in a "Super Mario" game. Two new characters that can be played appear, Yellow Toad and Blue Toad. New power-ups also appear including the Propeller Suit and the Penguin Suit.

paragraphs: This is the eleventh in the "Super Mario" series. It is also the fourth 3D game in the series. The sequel contains many things from the first game, such as the story, the adventure being in outer space, objects such as Launch Stars, recurring items including the Bee Mushroom, and things about gravity. The game shows new things such as the use of Yoshi and new power-ups such as the Cloud Flower. Rosalina reappears and new characters of the Luma species appear including Lubba. This is the third game for the Wii in the "Super Mario" series.

paragraphs: This is the fifth 3D game in the series, and the twelfth game in the "Super Mario" series. The levels of this game are much more straight and flat than the other 3D games, almost like side-scrolling games. Many past power-ups and characters return, such as False Bowsers, the Super Leaf and Boom Boom. There are new power-ups, such as Boomerang Mario, and White Tanooki Mario. There are also new enemies and a female partner of Boom Boom named Pom Pom.

paragraphs: This game is another side-scroller in the series released in 2012 for the Nintendo 3DS. It's the third game in the "New Super Mario Bros. "series and a direct sequel to "New Super Mario Bros.". The game has lots of coins, and Raccoon Mario is back after not being in a game for a long time. A new power-up called the Gold Flower turns Mario into Gold Mario.

paragraphs: This game is a side-scroller for the Wii U. The game uses some things from "Super Mario World" like Baby Yoshis, Sumo Bros., Bony Beetles, and diagonal pipess. The game is very much the same as "New Super Mario Bros. Wii" with its four-player mode, what is different is a player with a Wii U GamePad can make platforms in what Nintendo calls "Boost Mode". It is the first "Super Mario" game (and "Mario" game) in high-definition. Flying Squirrel Mario is new.

paragraphs: This game is the console sequel to "Super Mario 3D Land". The game lets the player turn into Cat Mario by picking up a Super Bell. Everyone who could be played in "Super Mario Bros. 2" can be played again, with the same exact power. Mario, Luigi, Princess Peach, and Toad try to save the Sprixie Princesses that Bowser has kidnapped and save the Sprixie Kingdom.

paragraphs: In 1987, an easier "Super Mario Bros." was released for the Game & Watch. It is a sidescroller where Mario had to move over many platforms while keeping away from Lakitus and Bullet Bills.

paragraphs: This game (called Super Mario Collection in Japan) was released in 1993 also for the Super Nintendo Entertainment System. It is a remake of the first four "Super Mario" series games. "Super Mario Bros.", "Super Mario Bros. 2", "Super Mario Bros. 3", and "". This game changed the four games' graphics and sound to make them better.

paragraphs: Super Mario All-Stars + Super Mario World

paragraphs: This game is an America/Europe-only remake of "Super Mario All-Stars" that also has "Super Mario World" for the Super Nintendo Entertainment System. It is the second remake of the series.

paragraphs: This game is a Game Boy Color remake which includes the first two "Super Mario" games ever released: "Super Mario Bros." and "Super Mario Bros.: The Lost Levels" (Super Mario Bros.: For Super Players). It also has many other collectibles, like images that could be printed with the Game Boy Printer, a calendar, and a fortune teller. Unlike other remakes, it was not developed by Nintendo EAD, but by Nintendo Research & Development 2 (also called Nintendo R&D2).

paragraphs: This game is a remake of "Super Mario Bros. 2" made for the Game Boy Advance, and released in 2001. Like "Super Mario All-Stars", this game had changed graphics.

paragraphs: This game is a remake of "Super Mario World" made for the Game Boy Advance. It was the second in the "Super Mario Advance" series and was released in 2002. There are many differences between "Super Mario World" and this game. The game was a gigantic hit for Nintendo and the Game Boy Advance, selling 3,290,000 copies in the United States and 5,460,000 copies worldwide. Luigi's sprite (video game graphic) has been changed and made taller than Mario, like how he looks now, and "Mario Bros." has been put in the game.

paragraphs: n 2003, the fourth in the "Super Mario Advance" series, was released for the Game Boy Advance. It is much the same graphics and sound to the "Super Mario All-Stars" form, and made use of the e-Reader. A few e-cards came with new copies of the game, while two sets (called "series") of cards, were released and sold with the game. By scanning special cards into the e-Reader, players were able to send items, videos, and most importantly, new levels into the game. One important item was the Cape Feather from "Super Mario World", which let Mario change into Cape Mario. There were also two Switch cards that the player could turn on (and turn off) the effects of by scanning them; the Orange Switch and the Blue Green Switch. Scanning these switches set off small uses in the game. The e-Reader item is still available in the European form, but has been turned off and cannot be used anymore.

paragraphs: The NES form of "Super Mario Bros." was released for the Game Boy Advance as part of the "Classic NES" series of games in celebrating and remembering for the 20th anniversary of the release of the first Famicom and NES. It does not have any new additions, all of the errors were left in the game, and the graphics were shrank to fit the GBA screen size.

paragraphs: In Japan, the "Classic NES" series was called Famicom Mini. Super Mario Bros. 2 ("Super Mario Bros.: The Lost Levels") was released only in Japan. Much like "Super Mario Bros.", it did not have any new items, the errors were the same, and the graphics shrank.

paragraphs: This game is a remake of "Super Mario 64". It was released in 2004 for the Nintendo DS. It is also the first "Mario" game released for the Nintendo DS. Though it is a remake, there are many differences between it and the first. One difference is that there are many secret stars, making 150 Power Stars instead of 120. Wario, Luigi, and Yoshi can be played, and mini-games were added.

paragraphs: Released for the Wii in 2010, this game celebrates the 25th anniversary of Mario by having the same games as "Super Mario All-Stars".

paragraphs: This is a game released to praise the Year of Luigi. It keeps many of the same things from "New Super Mario Bros. U", such as the story and world map. It has also been released as a DLC title for "New Super Mario Bros. U". However all of the levels have been changed, and Mario is gone, making Luigi the main character. Nabbit can be played, taking the place of Mario. The boxed form was for sale until the end of the Year of Luigi (2013).

paragraphs: New Super Mario Bros. U + New Super Luigi U

paragraphs: A collection of both "New Super Mario Bros. U" and "New Super Luigi U" on the same disc, released with the Mario & Luigi Deluxe Wii U set (known as the Premium Pack in Europe) only. This game has changes to the originals, including a new title screen and over 200 videos included as a present.

paragraphs: It plays much the same to the games on the Nintendo Entertainment System. It was the first game to have Princess Daisy instead of Princess Peach. The goal of the player is to beat Tatanga and save Princess Daisy. Mario can beat enemies by jumping on their head, but some cannot be beaten this way. It released on Virtual Console in 2011 on 3DS.

paragraphs: This is the second in the "Super Mario Land" series, released in 1992, three years after "Super Mario Land". This is the first game to have Wario, the main rival of Mario. In this game, it is made known that what happened in "Super Mario Land" was made by Wario so that he could take over the castle Mario owned. He uses the power of six magic coins to lock the castle, leaving them to the care of eight of his assistants (including Tatanga) so that Mario cannot get inside. Now, Mario needs to travel through six different worlds to get those coins and his castle back from the money-grabbing anti-hero. This game has better graphics, as well as a save feature, which is not present in "Super Mario Land" because of its short length. However, it keeps the same Mario-style gameplay and even brings back the Fire Flower power-up. There is also a new power-up, which is a carrot that lets Mario slide across certain areas. Like "Super Mario World", Mario now has the spin jump ability, which can be used to kill certain enemies quickly.

paragraphs: Taking place after his loss in "Super Mario Land 2", Wario makes a decision to go on a hunt to get himself enough money to get a castle of his own. During his hunt, he discovers many treasures as he fights Captain Syrup and her army, the Black Sugar Pirates. The gameplay in Wario Land differs slightly from the previous Super Mario Land installments. For example, if the player holds down the B button, then Wario does not run. His momentum does increase, however, if Wario is using the Jet Wario power-up, which lets him fly through the air for a short amount of time at super speed. His other power-ups are Bull Wario, which gives him super strength and the power to stick to ceilings and conveyor belts, and the Dragon Wario power-up, which lets him blow fire. Wario is also able to hold and cast enemies (as well as coins, which are normally needed to go out of a stage).

paragraphs: This was a "Super Mario Land" game planned for the Virtual Boy which ended up called off because of the short time the system was out. The game was going to use all of the powers of the system and would have dungeons much the same to "The Legend of Zelda" games. Not much is known about this game, but it is known Wario was set to show up, as would a three-dimensional (also called 3-D) Mario Bros.. It is thought that some ideas were taken from this game and put into "Mario Clash".


title: Hawthorne, California

paragraphs: Hawthorne is a city in Los Angeles County, California. Its population is 84,112. The area was first settled by the Shoshonian Indians during the 1500s.

paragraphs: Marilyn Monroe lived in Hawthorne until she was six. The Beach Boys members Brian Wilson, Carl Wilson, and Dennis Wilson grew up there. George Harrison's second wife, Olivia Harrison graduated from Hawthorne High School.


title: Choa Rajgan

paragraphs: Choa Rajgan is a village near Sarai Alamgir in Pakistan. Over 1000 people live there.

paragraphs: The shrine of Baba Sain Alif is in this village. The village is about 6 km away from Sarai Alamgir.


title: Langston University

paragraphs: Langston University is an university in Langston, Oklahoma, USA. It is the only historically black college in the state. It is the westernmost historically black college in the United States. Though in a rural setting just 10 miles east of Guthrie, Langston also serves an urban mission with University Centers in both Tulsa and Oklahoma City.

paragraphs: The school was started in 1897. Tbe school was first known as the Oklahoma Colored Agricultural and Normal University. Langston University was created because of the second Morrill Act in 1890. The law made states with land grant colleges (such as Oklahoma State University, then Oklahoma A&M) to either allow African-Americans in as students, or provide an alternative school for them to attend. This was required in order to receive federal money. Langston University is named for John Mercer Langston (1829-1897). He was a civil rights pioneer. He was the first African American member of Congress from Virginia. Langston started the Howard University Law School. He also served as American consul-general to Haiti.

paragraphs: Poet Melvin B. Tolson taught at Langston from 1947 until 1964. Tolson was portrayed by Denzel Washington in the film "The Great Debaters".

paragraphs: The University offers associate's, bachelor's, master's, and doctoral degrees in a variety of disciplines. It is known as a leader in the field of agricultural research. It hosts the internationally known E (Kika) de la Garza Institute for Goat Research. The School currently has an open doors admissions policy.

paragraphs: The university was accredited with a Doctorate of Physical Therapy program in 2005.

paragraphs: The student life at Langston University got the attention of BET and the second season of the reality television show College Hill was filmed there. The Langston University Quiz Bowl team won games against Spelman and an all-star team from the City Colleges of Chicago on the 2009 nationally televised "Black College Quiz" show airing nationally throughout Black History Month in 2009 to make the championship game.


title: Marques Haynes

paragraphs: Marques Haynes (March 10, 1926 – May 22, 2015) was an American professional basketball player. He was a member of the Harlem Globetrotters. He is known for his ability to dribble the ball and keep it away from defenders. According to the movie "Harlem Globetrotters: Six Decades of Magic", Haynes could dribble the ball as many as six times a second.

paragraphs: Haynes learned to dribble the basketball from his sisters. His skills may have been helped by handling the ball on the dirt courts of his hometown. A native of Sand Springs, Oklahoma, he played basketball for Langston University from 1942-1946. While at Langston, he once dribbled out the clock in a conference tournament game to taunt an opponent, Southern University. Southern had just run up the score against a weaker team (Sam Huston College, later Huston-Tillotson University). The Sam Huston team was coached by a young Jackie Robinson. Haynes' own coach, the famous Zip Gayles, punished him for the taunting, but it helped draw the attention of the Globetrotters. They were always on the search for trick ballhandlers. Langston was invited to play an exhibition game against the Globetrotters in Oklahoma City. In that game, Haynes led Langston to a 4-point win. He was immediately invited to join the Globetrotters. He returned to Langston to complete his degree. Then he began his long professional career.

paragraphs: Haynes played with the Globetrotters from 1947-1953. Upon leaving in 1953, he turned down a $35,000 a year offer from the Philadelphia Warriors that would have made him the second-highest paid player in the NBA. Instead, he started his own barnstorming team, the Harlem Magicians. Boxing legend Sugar Ray Robinson sometimes played games with this team. Haynes later rejoined the Globetrotters as a player/coach. He also played for the Harlem Wizards.

paragraphs: He retired in 1992 after a 46-year professional career, and was inducted to the Basketball Hall of Fame on October 2 1998. He lived in Dallas, Texas. Haynes died on May 22, 2015, in Plano, Texas, aged 89.

paragraphs: Many consider him the top ballhandler who ever lived. His game influenced players such as Bob Cousy, Pete Maravich, and Fred "Curly" Neal. It is possible that Haynes has played more professional basketball games than anyone in history, staying active well into his sixties.


title: Southwestern Athletic Conference

paragraphs: The Southwestern Athletic Conference (SWAC) is a college athletic conference based in Birmingham, Alabama. It is made up of historically black universities in the Southern United States. It participates in the NCAA's Division I for all sports. In football, it participates in the Football Championship Subdivision (FCS).

paragraphs: The SWAC is one of two conferences (the other being the Ivy League) which do not take part in postseason play in the FCS football tournament. It is the only one of the two whose members offer a full range of scholarships for football. The SWAC instead splits its schools into two divisions, and plays a conference championship game. Furthermore, one SWAC game, the Bayou Classic between Southern and Grambling State, is positioned on the schedule after the NCAA tournament has begun. In addition, Alabama State plays Division II rival Tuskegee annually on Thanksgiving Day (The Turkey Day Classic).

paragraphs: In 1920, athletic officials from six Texas HBCUs – C.H. Fuller of Bishop College, Red Randolph and C.H. Patterson of Paul Quinn College, E.G. Evans, H.J. Evans and H.J. Starns of Prairie View A&M, D.C. Fuller of Texas College and G. Whitte Jordan of Wiley College – met in Houston, Texas, to discuss common interests. At this meeting, they agreed to form a new league, the SWAC.

paragraphs: Paul Quinn became the first of the original members to leave the league when it did so in 1929. When Langston University of Oklahoma was allowed into the conference two years later, it began the migration of state-supported institutions into the SWAC. Southern University entered the league in 1934. Arkansas AM&N entered in 1936 and Texas Southern University in 1954.

paragraphs: As the state-supported schools became bigger, it became difficult for the church-supported schools to pay for their sports teams. Soon the church-supported schools started to leave the conference. Bishop withdrew from the conference in 1956, Langston in 1957 and Huston-Tillotson (formerly Samuel Huston) in 1959. That happened one year after two more state-supported schools entered the league (Grambling College and Jackson State College). The enter-exit cycle continued in 1961 when Texas College withdrew, followed by the entrance of Alcorn A&M in 1962. Wiley left in 1968, the same year Mississippi Valley State College entered. Arkansas AM&N exited in 1970 and Alabama State University entered in 1982. Arkansas-Pine Bluff (formerly Arkansas AM&N) rejoined the SWAC on July 1, 1997, regaining full-member status one year later. Alabama A&M University became the conference’s tenth member when it became a full member in September, 1999 after a one year period as an affiliate SWAC member.

paragraphs: Current championship competition offered by the SWAC includes competition for men in baseball, basketball, cross country, football, golf, indoor track, outdoor track & field and tennis. Women’s competition is offered in the sports of basketball, bowling, cross country, golf, indoor track, outdoor track & field, soccer, softball, tennis and volleyball.

paragraphs: There are currently 10 members in the SWAC.

paragraphs: All games at were played at Legion Field in Birmingham, Alabama.


paragraphs: The Major League Baseball Most Valuable Player Award (MVP) is a Major League Baseball (MLB) award given each year to one outstanding player in the American and National Leagues. Since 1931, it has been awarded by the Baseball Writers Association of America (BBWAA). The winner receives the Kenesaw Mountain Landis Memorial Baseball Award. The award is named in honor of the first MLB commissioner. Landis served from 1920 to 1944. MVP voting takes place before the postseason. The results are not announced until after the World Series. The BBWAA began asking three writers in each league city in 1938. They made that number two per league city in 1961.

paragraphs: First basemen, with 34 winners, have won the most MVPs among infielders. This is followed by second basemen (16), third basemen (15), and shortstops (15). Of the twenty-four pitchers who have won the award, fifteen are right-handed while nine are left-handed. Walter Johnson, Carl Hubbell, and Hal Newhouser are the only pitchers to win more than once. Newhouser won his in back-to-back seasons, 1944 and 1945. Stan Musial, Alex Rodriguez, and Robin Yount have won at different positions. Rodriguez is the only player to win the award with two different teams at two different positions. Barry Bonds has won the most often (seven times). He has also won it the most times in a row (2001–2004). Jimmie Foxx was the first player to win more than once. Nine players have won three times and 19 have won twice.

paragraphs: The award's only tie occurred in the National League in 1979 when Keith Hernandez and Willie Stargell received the same amount of points. There have been 17 unanimous winners, meaning they received all the first-place votes. The New York Yankees have the most winning players with 22. The St. Louis Cardinals have the second most with 17 winners. Five teams have not had a winner. The most recent winners are Mike Trout in the American League and Clayton Kershaw in the National League.

paragraphs: Before the 1910 season, Hugh Chalmers of Chalmers Automobile announced he would present a Chalmers Model 30 automobile to the player with the highest batting average in Major League Baseball at the end of the season. The 1910 race for best average in the American League was between the Detroit Tigers' widely disliked Ty Cobb and Nap Lajoie of the Cleveland Indians. On the last day of the season, Lajoie overtook Cobb's batting average with seven bunt hits against the St. Louis Browns. American League President Ban Johnson said a recalculation showed that Cobb had won the race anyway. Chalmers ended up giving cars to both players.

paragraphs: The following season, Chalmers created the Chalmers Award. A committee of baseball writers were to come together after the season to determine the "most important and useful player to the club and to the league". Since the award was not as useful at advertising as Chalmers had hoped, it was discontinued after 1914.

paragraphs: In 1922 the American League created a new award to honor "the baseball player who is of the greatest all-around service to his club". Winners, voted on by a committee of eight baseball writers chaired by James Crusinberry, received a bronze medal and a cash prize. Voters were required to select one player from each team. Player-managers and prior award winners were could not win. These problems resulted in the award's being dropped after 1928. The National League award, without these restrictions, lasted from 1924 to 1929.

paragraphs: The BBWAA first awarded the modern MVP after the 1931 season, took the format the National League used to distribute its league award. One writer in each city with a team filled out a ten-place ballot. Ten points were given for the recipient of a first-place vote, nine for a second-place vote, and so on. In 1938, the BBWAA raised the amount of voters to three per city and gave 14 points for a first-place vote. The only significant change since then happened in 1961, when the number of voters was lowered to two per league city.


title: Silver medal

paragraphs: A silver medal is a medal given to the second place finisher of contests (usually sports competitions) such as the Olympic Games or Commonwealth Games. First and third place finishers usually receive a gold medal and bronze medal, respectively.

paragraphs: In 1896, winners' medals were made from silver. The custom of gold-silver-bronze for the first three places dates from the 1904 games. It has been copied for many other sports events. Creating the medals is the responsibility of the host city. From 1928-1968 the design was always the same. One side showed a design by Florentine artist Giuseppe Cassioli with text giving the host city. The other side showed another design of an Olympic champion. From 1972-2000, Cassioli's design (or a slight reworking) remained on the one with a custom design by the host city on the other. Because Cassioli's design showed a Roman amphitheatre for what was originally a Greek games, a new design was create for the Athens 2004 Games. Winter Olympics medals have been of more varied design.

paragraphs: In The Open Championship golf tournament, the Silver Medal is an award given to the lowest scoring amateur player at the tournament.


title: Cáhuil

paragraphs: Cáhuil is a Chilean village. It is 15 kilometers south of Pichilemu, in the outfall of the Nilahue lake, in the Region of O'Higgins. "" means in Mapudungun language "seagulls place". The main characteristic of the place is the crafty production of "coastal salt", oysters and choros. The Cáhuil Lagoon is a place suitable for fishing, swimming and boat travels.

paragraphs: The salines in this area are very old. It is known that the indigenous people extracted it in a very rudimentary way. However, the extracting method has been improved and the production has increased. As of 1978, more than a 60% of the people of Cáhuil lived around the salt production, production not related to industrial enterprises.

paragraphs: In a way to promote the tourism in Cáhuil, the Municipality of Pichilemu created the "Salt Route", that takes the tourists into places where the salt generation process is dpne. This travel starts in Pichilemu and includes Cáhuil, Barrancas, La Villa, El Bronce, La Palmilla and La Plaza. On this route are two rural ranches, "Oro Blanco" and "El Bronce".

paragraphs: In the Cáhuil zone are at least 46 birds species. Many of the species are in danger of extinction. Some of them are the coscoroba swan, larus maculipennis, garza cuca, among others. It hosts at least seven silvester ducks species.


title: Liceo Agustín Ross Edwards

paragraphs: Agustín Ross High School, Liceo Agustín Ross Edwards or just L.A.R.E. is a Chilean public high school located in the coastal town of Pichilemu. It is named after Agustín Ross Edwards, a Chilean politician and known by his works in the city.

paragraphs: The High School was created in 1979. It currently has 2 buildings. Has 562 students and 39 teachers. The education area of the High School is Humanistic Scientifical, Technical-Professional and Adult Education. As of 1998, the High School started using the Complete Scholar Journey ().