title: Fernanda Montenegro

paragraphs: Arlette Pinheiro Esteves Torres (born October 16, 1929 in Rio de Janeiro) is a Brazilian actress. She is best known for her leading role in "Central Station", for which she was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actress.


title: Clock Cabinet

paragraphs: The Clock Cabinet is a room at Versailles. It is one of the rooms in the king's private cabinets. An astronomical clock stands in the room. Louis XV took great interest in astronomy. The clock shows the time, the day of the week, the month, the year and the moon's quarter. In the crystal globe at the top, the planets can be seen moving around the sun according to Copernicus.

paragraphs: The clock was designed by Claude-Siméon Passemant, the King's engineer. It was made by the clock-maker Louis Dauthiau. The bronze casing was made by Jacques and Philippe II Caffiéri. The clock was used to determine the first official time system throughout the kingdom. The entire fixture measures over two meters tall.

paragraphs: The Academy of Science examined and approved the clock in August 1749. The Duc de Chaulnes presented it to Louis XV on 7 September 1750. It was put in the clock cabinet in 1754. The room actually got its name because of the large astronomical clock dials in the wainscoting. These clocks displayed the sunrises and moonrises every day. The king's scientific interests led him to upgrade that daily experience by having the Passemant clock installed in the room.

paragraphs: In 1692, the room was an Antechamber and part of Louis XIV's Art Cabinet. In 1738, it was remodeled into an oval-shaped drawing room. In 1760, it found its present form. The paneling is by Verberckt and Rousseau. The overdoors are copies of the Diana story originally painted by Boucher. The furniture in the room includes hunting tables ordered by Louis XV from Slodtz, Foliot, and Roumier. A Sèvres bisque equestrian statue depicting Frederic II stands in the room. Another equestrian statue in the room depicts Louis XV. It is a small copy by Vassé after Bouchardon's statue that stands in the Place de la Concorde.


title: Victoria (name)

paragraphs: Victoria is a female given name. It is Latin for "victory" and feminine for male name "Victor". The name Victoria has a lot of variants, such as the short form "Vicky". There are several Queens, several Princesses and many other famous people under this female name. As "Vicky", the name is being used for Atlantic Basin tropical cyclones.


title: Reims – Prunay Aerodrome

paragraphs: Reims – Prunay Aerodrome () is an airfield serving the city of Reims. It is east-southeast of Reims, near Prunay, both communes in the Marne department in the Champagne-Ardenne region in northeastern France.

paragraphs: It is a class D aerodrome open to general aviation traffic with no commercial airline service scheduled. Also, it hosts the factory of Reims Aviation.

paragraphs: The airport is above mean sea level. It has one paved runway which is long. It also has a parallel unpaved runway measuring .


title: Tetuin

paragraphs: Tetuin is a flavone. It is a type of flavonoid. It is the 6-O-glucoside of baicalein. It can be isolated from the seeds of "Oroxylum indicum", the Indian trumpetflower, known as टेटु "tetu" in Marathi.


title: Bulbophyllum evasum

paragraphs: Bulbophyllum evasum is a species of orchid in the genus "Bulbophyllum".


title: Atlantic City, New Jersey

paragraphs: Atlantic City is a city in New Jersey, United States. It officially became a city in 1854 when a new railroad connected it to Philadelphia. Atlantic City is an internationally renowned resort city for gambling, conventions, and leisure. The city also served as the inspiration for the original version of the board game "Monopoly". Atlantic City is on Absecon Island on the coast of the Atlantic Ocean.

paragraphs: , the city has a population of 39,558. There were 274,549 people living in the Atlantic City–Hammonton Metropolitan Statistical Area as of the 2010 Census.

paragraphs: The three road routes into Atlantic City are the Black Horse Pike/Harding Highway (US 322/40), White Horse Pike (US 30), and the Atlantic City Expressway. Atlantic City is roughly south of New York City by road (via the Garden State Parkway), southeast of Philadelphia.


title: Wholesale

paragraphs: Wholesale is the sale of large numbers of goods to retailers. The retailer then sells small amounts of the goods to individual users or consumers. A wholesaler often buys goods direct from the factory or the farm. The wholesaler can put together, sort or grade the products. The wholesaler will repack and redistribute the goods in smaller lots. Wholesalers usually have large individual warehouses to do this work. Food wholesalers often are located together at large markets.

paragraphs: Wholesalers used to be closer to where the retail goods were sold than they were to the factories or farms. Since internet sales have increased there are a number of wholesalers setting up near factories in China and Taiwan.

paragraphs: In banking, wholesale banking means services provided to large companies. Retail banking is services provided to small businesses or individuals.


title: Network News Transfer Protocol

paragraphs: The Network News Transfer Protocol is a computer protocol that was used to create groups that could exchange news articles between people. It is not in very common usage now, but was commonly used in the late 1980s and 1990s. Many internet service providers still provide a NNTP server for their customers, and commerical Usenet services exist.


title: Workhouse

paragraphs: The workhouse was a place which offered housing and work to people who did not have any. They began in England and Wales during the 17th century. The first use of the word "workhouse" was in a report by the mayor of Abingdon in 1631 AD on the building of a workhouse in the town.

paragraphs: The beginnings of the workhouse go back to the Poor Law Act of 1388. This was designed to help solve a shortage of workers after the Black Death. It made it difficult for them to move about the country, and stopped them from looking for higher paid work somewhere else. This led to the state being responsible for the welfare of the poor. After the Napoleonic Wars there was a lot of unemployment. There was also unemployment caused by machines taking over work from farm workers. In the 1830s' there was also a series of bad harvests. These things put too much pressure on the existing ways of looking after poor people.

paragraphs: New laws were passed, the New Poor Law of 1834, to try to deal with the problem. People would only be given help if they went into the workhouse to live. Some places hoped to make a profit from the workhouse by using the free labor of the people. Most did not have skills to get normal jobs, so workhouse jobs included breaking rocks into small stones, breaking bones to make fertilizer, or pulling apart old rope to reuse the fibre. This old rope, known as oakum, was used to pack joints in ship building to keep them watertight. A metal spike was used to unpick the rope, and the nickname for the workhouse was the spike.

paragraphs: Life in a workhouse was not meant to be easy. It was made hard so only the very poor with no hope of finding work would go there for help. However the workhouse did provide free medical care and education for the children. This sort of help was not available to poor people outside the workhouse system.

paragraphs: Towards the end of the 1800s,' the workhouses became filled with the old and sick, rather than unemployed poor people. In 1929 the laws were changed and the workhouses became hospitals. Some workhouses were renamed Public Assistance Institutions. These finally disappeared when the National Assistance act of 1948 was passed.


title: Ingrid

paragraphs: Ingrid is a name for girls or women. The name comes from "Ingfriar" in Old Norse. "Ing" means Norse deity. "Friar" means beautiful. Many famous people have been named Ingrid. One of them being Ingrid Bergman. Others include Ingrid Cruz and Ingrid Michaelson. A hurricane with the name hit eastern Mexico in September 2013. The storm killed 32 and caused $1.5 billion in damage. The name "Ingrid" was then retired.


title: Facelift (album)

paragraphs: Facelift is the debut studio album by American rock band, Alice in Chains. "Facelift" was released on August 21, 1990. The album featured the singles "We Die Young", "Man in the Box", "Bleed the Freak" and "Sea of Sorrow".

paragraphs: Facelift became the first grunge album to be certified platinum. It has also gone on to been certified double-platinum by the RIAA for shipments of two million copies in the United States.


title: Dirt (album)

paragraphs: Dirt is the second studio album by American rock band, Alice in Chains. "Dirt" was released on September 29, 1992. The album featured the singles "Would?", "Them Bones", "Angry Chair", "Rooster", and "Down in a Hole".

paragraphs: Dirt is currently the band's highest selling album to date and has gone on to sell 5 million copies worldwide. The album was certified four-times platinum by the RIAA.

paragraphs: Dirt was the final album to feature Mike Starr on bass before he was kicked out of the band and replaced by former Ozzy Osbourne bassist Mike Inez.

paragraphs: The album was also included in the 2005 book "1001 Albums You Must Hear Before You Die" and was ranked #1 on Guitar World magazine's top ten list of guitar albums of 1992


title: Alice in Chains (album)

paragraphs: Alice in Chains is the self-titled third studio album by American rock band, Alice in Chains. "Alice in Chains" was released on November 7, 1995. The album featured the singles "Grind", "Heaven Beside You", "Over Now" and "Again".

paragraphs: The album was certified two-times platinum by the RIAA.

paragraphs: "Alice in Chains" was the last album to feature lead singer Layne Staley. He was later found dead of a heroin overdose on April 5, 2002. The next album, "Black Gives Way to Blue" was released in 2009, with new vocalist William DuVall.

paragraphs: The album is sometimes referred to as "Tripod" because of Jerry Cantrell's three-legged dog on the front cover and Frank Lentini on the back cover.


title: Florence (given name)

paragraphs: Florence is a French or English female given name. It is from the Latin word "floreo", which means "I flower". The name also comes from the city of Florence in Italy. It was most popular in the U.S. between 1900 and 1940. It is still popular in Canada and England. The name was used for many tropical cyclones in the Atlantic Basin until 2018.

paragraphs: In 2018 Hurricane Florence struck North and South Carolina. It killed over 50 people. It caused around $18 billion in damage.

paragraphs: Some famous people with the name are Florence Nightingale and Florence Henderson.


title: Beauty contest

paragraphs: A beauty contest or beauty pageant, is a public contest to decide which person is the most beautiful. Usually, the entrants are young females, but there are some contests for men. Each contests has its own rules as to who may enter, and what the prizes are. A person who enters a beauty contest or pageant is called a contestant.

paragraphs: The usual reason for holding such contests is to create publicity for the organisation which runs the contest. The contests are often shown on television and reported (with photographs) in newspapers. The first local event was probably in the United States in the late 19th century. 1880 in Rehoboth Beach, Delaware has been claimed.

paragraphs: With most contests the criteria for judging is physical appearance, plus some judgement of personality. "Beauty Queen" is a term often used to describe the winners. Usually the winner acts as a publicity representative for the year following the contest. Examples are:

paragraphs: There are many local events round the world.


title: Steve Braun

paragraphs: Steve Braun (born August 14, 1976) is a Canadian television and movie actor from Winnipeg, Manitoba. Braun's credits include "The Immortal", a TV series in which he and co-star Lorenzo Lamas hunted demons; "The Trip", an independent movie about coming of age in the HIV age; and "Harold & Kumar Go to White Castle" (2004), a major motion picture in which he plays the lead villain. In addition, he starred as Brian Kelly in the 2004 thriller "The Skulls III". He also played the role of "Jonsey" in the 2007 thriller movie "". He also co-starred in the 2005 horror movie "Pterodactyl" as Willis Bradbury.

paragraphs: Braun was cast in a recurring guest role in The WB series "Twins", as Jordan, the love interest of Mitchee Arnold, played by Sara Gilbert. The series was broadcast from September 16, 2005 until May, 2006.

paragraphs: Braun was also in the movie "The Skulls III" as Brian.


title: Jacques Gabriel

paragraphs: Jacques Gabriel (1667–1767) was a French architect. He designed a lot of buildings in Paris.

paragraphs: Michelle Jacques Gabriel, is a designer, painter, architect and architect of the 17th and 18th centuries. He was one of the most prominent designers of the Versailless Palace in his lifetime. For his unique creativity and selflessness, he has always been attended by Louis XIV And eventually he became a trusted advisor to the king. He made important contributions to the king during his years of service, which is one of the most important works in the construction of the Versailles palace, which once served as the lobby of the fourteenth.

paragraphs: Michel had a mission to build the Versailles Palace throughout his life, he was also the first designer of the city's bridges in Paris. Interestingly, Gabriel's son (Ange Jacob Gabriel) continued his father's journey, and in this regard, like his father, completing the Versailles palace at the time of Louis 14 It has 15 significant roles. The Gabriel family is also home to the Cathedral of La Rochelle, the Royal Opera Royal Opera House and the Petit Trianon Palace, built on the palace of Versailles.


title: Isabel

paragraphs: Isabel (or Isabelle) is a female given name. It comes from the Hebrew name "Elisheva". "Elisheva" is often translated to "Elizabeth", of which Isabel is a division. There are many royal figures or queens with the name or its variants. There are also many other famous people by Isabel and its related names. As "Isabel", this name was used on two Atlantic tropical cyclones. The 2003 storm was so damaging that the name was later retired.


title: François Lemoyne

paragraphs: François Lemoyne or François Le Moine (1688 – 4 June 1737) was a French rococo painter. He became First Painter to the King and worked with other artists of the era. However, the excess of work, court intrigues at Versailles, and the death of his wife drove him to madness. He committed suicide in Paris in 1737 by stabbing himself seven times, six months after finishing the ceiling painting "The Apotheosis of Hercules" in the Hercules Room in the Great Apartment of the King. With his death, the fashion of large allegorical ceilings disappeared.


title: Michael Winner

paragraphs: Michael Robert Winner (30 October 1935 – 21 January 2013) was an English movie director, producer, writer, editor, actor and restaurant critic. He was known for his work on the "Death Wish movie series".

paragraphs: Winner was born on 30 October 1935 in Hampstead, London, England. His parents were Jewish immigrants: his mother was Polish and his father was of Russian descent. He studied at St Christopher School, Letchworth, and Downing College, Cambridge. He was married to Geraldine Lynton-Edwards from 2011 until his death in 2013. Winner retired in December 2012 and died on 21 January 2013 in Kensington, London, England from an liver illness, aged 77.


title: The George Inn

paragraphs: The George Inn is a public house (pub) in Southwark, London. It is on the east side of Borough High Street, close to London Bridge. It is the last galleried inn in London. It stands on a site where Shakespeare was said to have once acted in a similar galleried inn. The present inn was built in 1677. It was an important coaching post in the past. Charles Dickens speaks of the inn in "Little Dorrit".

paragraphs: The inn's long wooden exterior galleries are the only means of moving from one room to another on the first and second floors. A Victorian coffee room is downstairs. Upstairs, there is a large paneled dining room. The George Inn is owned by the National Trust.


title: The King's Head

paragraphs: The King's Head is a National Trust property in Aylesbury, Buckinghamshire, England, UK. The King's Head is a typical coaching inn. It has a large stable yard and an arched entrance high and wide enough to admit coaches. A window in the bar contains 15th century glass depicting angels bearing the arms of Henry VI and his Queen Margaret of Anjou. This glass and some parts of the building date to 1450. An exposed section of wattle-and-daub may be viewed. The King's Head is reached through a narrow passageway at the Aylesbury market square.


title: Suzuki Baleno

paragraphs: The Suzuki Baleno is a car produced by Suzuki. It were introduced in 1995, and replaced by the Suzuki Liana in 2001.


title: The Fifer

paragraphs: The Fifer or Young Flautist (1866) is an oil painting by French painter Édouard Manet. It hangs in the Musée d'Orsay, Paris, France.

paragraphs: Manet painted "The Fifer" after a trip to Spain he made in 1865. There he discovered the work of Diego Velázquez. Manet reflected the influence of Spanish painting in "The Fifer". The painting was rejected by the jury of the Paris Salon in 1866. The painting was exhibited in 1867. Manet died in 1883. In 1884, "The Fifer" was seen at the major retrospective exhibition of Manet's work organized as a tribute.

paragraphs: The rejection by the Salon jury caused the writer Émile Zola to publish a series of articles in defense of Manet in the newspaper "L'Événement".

paragraphs: Between 1873 and 1893, the painting was held by Jean-Baptiste Faure, a French composer and baritone, friend of Manet. In 1893, it was returned to the collection of art dealer Durand-Ruel. The painting was acquired in 1894 by Count Isaac de Camondo. It remained in his collection until 1911. That year it was donated to the French state. The painting was intended for the Musée du Louvre. It was not exhibited to the general public until 1914.

paragraphs: In 1947, the painting was moved to the Galerie nationale du Jeu de Paume. This museum is a showroom located in the Jardin des Tuileries and belonging to the Louvre. It remained there until 1986. It then was brought to the Musée d'Orsay with the rest of the Impressionist paintings in the Louvre. It can currently be seen in the Musée d'Orsay.

paragraphs: Manet portrayed an anonymous character: a teenage musician of the band of the Imperial Guard. The lad was sent to Manet by commander Lejosne. He was "treated like a grandee of Spain." Additional models may have also posed for the figure. The likenesses of both Léon Leenhoff (Manet's stepson) and Victorine Meurent (Manet's preferred model) have been seen in the boy's face and figure.

paragraphs: Sandra Orienti declares, ""The Fifer" is one of Manet's most famous paintings, and it is also one of his most daring works: here ... can be found a synthesis of all that is most complex in his vocabulary." She points out that the band boy's uniform is painted in red, black, and white with decorations in dull gold. The figure and its dress contrasts with the vague, undefined background. The lad has no support for himself except himself. "[h]is form ... seems to create a double dimension, the first being the small figure of the boy, the second his eyes and the spectator's eyes meeting between the rather crudely painted eyelids."


title: Puerto Varas

paragraphs: Puerto Varas is a city and commune of Chile with 32.912 inhabitants according with the INE census of 2002.


title: Julie

paragraphs: The name Julie is a French female given name. It comes from the Latin name "Julia". "Julia" means "youthful" or "soft haired" in Latin. The name Julie and its variants are feminine for the masculine name "Julius". Julie is very popular in the United States. The name was particularly popular between 1951 and 1991. Its variant, "Julia", has been in the top 100 female names dating back to 1980. Julie and its related names are being used by many famous people, such as Julie Andrews and Julie Benz. As "Julia" the name is currently being used for Atlantic Basin tropical cyclones.


title: The Balcony

paragraphs: The Balcony is an 1868 oil painting by the French painter Édouard Manet. It was exhibited at the Paris Salon of 1869. The painting depicts four figures. On the left is Berthe Morisot, who became in 1874 the wife of Manet's brother, Eugène. In the centre is the painter Jean Baptiste Antoine Guillemet. On the right is Fanny Claus, a violist. The fourth figure in the background is possibly Leon Leenhoff, Manet's stepson. It was sold by Gustave Caillebotte in 1884. It hangs at this time in Paris at the Musée d'Orsay.

paragraphs: The painting was inspired by "The Majas at the Balcony" by Francisco Goya. It was created at the same time and with the same purpose as "Luncheon in the studio". The three characters were all friends of Manet. They seem to be disconnected from each other. Berthe Morisot, on the left, looks like a romantic and inaccessible heroine, the young violinist Fanny Claus and the painter Antoine Guillemet seem to display indifference. The boy in the background is Manet's stepson, Léon. Just behind the railings, there are a hydrangea and a dog with a ball.

paragraphs: A study for "The Balcony", "The Portrait of Mademoiselle Claus", is in the Ashmolean Museum in Oxford. The portrait’s subject is Fanny Claus, the closest friend of Manet’s wife Suzanne Leenhoff. This unfinished portrait was painted as a study for the finished picture.

paragraphs: Following Manet’s premature death in 1883, the portrait was bought in a studio sale by the artist John Singer Sargent. The portrait had only been seen once in public since it was first painted in 1868. In 2012 the Ashmolean Museum succeeded in raising the funds to acquire it and keep it permanently in a public collection in the United Kingdom.

paragraphs: This was the first time Berthe Morisot posed for Manet. Manet's "Luncheon in the studio" was the work of an innovator but "The Balcony" was not. Unlike Morisot, the three other figures are pale and undistinguished. Orienti writes, "Guillemet looks pompous and stupid, Jenny Clauss a stereotype, and the painting as a whole seems to suffer from the uneven distribution of the figures." The press considered the painting "discordant". The contrast of colors (the background completely black, the white faces and clothes, the blue tie of the man, and the green railings) contributes to create an atmosphere of "mystery".


title: Lord's Resistance Army

paragraphs: The Lord's Resistance Army is a paramilitary group, and a new religious movement. Joseph Kony founded it in 1987, in the north of Uganda, to fight against the government, headed by president Yoweri Museveni. The group operates in Central African Republic, the Democratic Republic of the Congo and in South Sudan. It wants to establish an independent state which is governed by laws based on the Ten Commandments. There is an insurgency called Lord's Resistance Army insurgency, which was basically caused by the group. Uganda was able to evict the group, but it continues to terrorize the population in the other countries where it is active. In conjunction with the conflict, the group is also said to have committed several grave abuses of human rights.It has been accused of widespread human rights violations, including murder, abduction, mutilation, child-sex slavery and forcing children to participate in hostilities.

paragraphs: The group is led by Joseph Kony, who proclaims himself the spokesman of God and a spirit medium. Since 1987, Kony is believed to have recruited between 60,000 and 100,000 child soldiers and displaced around 2 million people throughout central Africa. The LRA is one of the foreign organizations designated as terrorist by the United States, and its leadership is wanted by the International Criminal Court for war crimes and crimes against humanity.


title: Michael Dukakis

paragraphs: Michael Stanley Dukakis (, born November 3, 1933) served as the 65th and 67th Governor of Massachusetts, from 1975 to 1979 and 1983 to 1991. He is the longest-serving Governor in Massachusetts and only the second Greek-American governor in United States history, after Spiro Agnew.

paragraphs: In 1988, he was the Democratic nominee for President, but lost to Republican then–Vice President, George H. W. Bush.

paragraphs: Dukakis was mentioned as candidate for Massachusetts Senator for a possible interim successor to Ted Kennedy, after Kennedy's death but Governor Deval Patrick chose Paul G. Kirk, the other candidate and a favorite of the Kennedy Family.

paragraphs: In 2008, he talked about his defeat in an interview with Katie Couric, in which he said he "owe[d] the American people an apology" because "if I had beaten the old man, we never would have heard of the kid, and we wouldn't be in this mess."


title: Tangail District

paragraphs: Tangail () is a district in the central region of Bangladesh. It is a part of the Dhaka Division.


title: Jamalpur District

paragraphs: Jamalpur () is a district in the Dhaka Division of Bangladesh. It was originally established in 1869.


title: Sherpur District

paragraphs: Sherpur () is a district in central Bangladesh. It is a part of the Dhaka Division.


title: Kishoreganj District

paragraphs: Kishorganj () is a district in central Bangladesh. It is a part of the Dhaka Division.


title: Netrokona District

paragraphs: Netrakona is a district in northeast Bangladesh. It is a part of the Mymensingh Division.


title: Saint Pancras Church, Ipswich

paragraphs: Saint Pancras is a Catholic church covering the town centre of Ipswich, England.

paragraphs: When it was built, the church was supposed to be used as the Catholic cathedral for the East of England.


title: Venus Consoling Love

paragraphs: Venus Consoling Love or The Bath of Venus is a painting by François Boucher. It is signed and dated 1751. It measures 107 x 84.8 cm (42 1/8 x 33 3/8 in.) It hangs in the National Gallery of Art in Washington, D.C. The painting once belonged to Mme de Pompadour. Boucher was Pompadour's favorite artist. The painting may have been intended for her apartment at Versailles or for her chateau at Bellevue.

paragraphs: She allegedly posed for the painting. It is more likely Venus was a product of Boucher's imagination. The technical dexterity evident in the painting is the principal charm of Rococo art.

paragraphs: "Boucher's success in communicating the charm and sensuality of the nude lies in his mastery of color and fluid brushstrokes ... The painting exemplifies the rococo love of asymmetric lines and sinuous curves, artfully arranged to seduce both the eye and the mind of the beholder."


title: Gilbert

paragraphs: Gilbert is a British Isles male given name. It means "the bright pledge" in Germanic. Many famous people have carried the name, including W. S. Gilbert.

paragraphs: It was used on a powerful Atlantic hurricane that struck the Caribbean and Mexico in 1988.

paragraphs: Gilbert is Caillou’s pet cat that appears in the popular television show Caillou.


title: Felicity

paragraphs: Felicity is an English female given name. It means "happiness". The name is derived from the Latin name "Felicitas". "Felicitas" is the name for an Ancient Roman goddess. This female name was at 236 in popularity for girls around England and Wales. The name was 390th in popularity on girls in the United States for 1999. Felicity is a female form of the male name "Felix". The name Felicity is the name of a character played by Keri Russell.


title: Stentor

paragraphs: Stentor is a genus of filter-feeding ciliates. They are usually horn-shaped, and reaching lengths of 2 millimeters, they are among the biggest known unicellular organisms.

paragraphs: They are a type of protist ciliate in the heterotrich class. The old-fashioned name for them was trumpet animalcules.

paragraphs: The body is horn-shaped, with a ring of prominent cilia around the anterior "bell" that sweeps in food and helps swimming. Some reach several millimeters in length, making them among the largest single celled organisms. As in many freshwater protozoans, Stentor has a contractile vacuole. Because the concentration of salt inside the cell and in the surrounding freshwater is different, Stentor must store water that enters it by osmosis and then discharge it from the vacuole. They can regenerate, and small fragments can grow into full organisms. Each cell has one (often elongated) macronucleus and several micronuclei. Having two types of nuclei is charcteristic of ciliates.


title: Daming Sunusi

paragraphs: Muhammad Daming Sunusi (born in Bulukumba, South Sulawesi, Indonesia, June 1, 1952) is a judge from Indonesia. He became controversial for his words "rape victims and perpetrators alike, enjoy" in the House of Representatives at the fit and proper test as a potential Supreme Court Justice.


title: Japan Airlines

paragraphs: Japan Airlines is an airline founded in 1951. Its headquarters are in Shinagawa, Tokyo, Japan. The airline and four of its sub-airlines (J-Air, JAL Express, JALways, and Japan Transocean Air) are members of the Oneworld airline alliance. Japan Airlines currently goes to over 90 destinations.

paragraphs: Japan Airlines began on August 1, 1951. In 1954, it started international flights. It bought it's first jet aircraft in 1968, the Douglas DC-8. Japan Air System merged with Japan Airlines in 2002. In 2007, it joined the Oneworld alliance. In January 2010, Japan Airlines declared bankruptcy. British Airways and Qantas helped the airline pay off debts. It finally rose from bankruptcy in April 2011.


title: Panchagarh District

paragraphs: Panchagarh (, "Ponchogorh") is a district in the far northern part of Bangladesh. It is part of the Rangpur Division.


title: Thakurgaon District

paragraphs: Thakurgaon () is a district in the north-western side of Bangladesh. It is a part of the Rangpur Division and borders India to the west.


title: Nilphamari District

paragraphs: Nilphamari () is a district in northern bengal of Bangladesh. It is part of the Rangpur Division.


title: Lalmonirhat District

paragraphs: Lalmonirhat () is a district on the northern border of Bangladesh. It is a part of the Rangpur Division.


title: Kurigram District

paragraphs: Kurigram () is a district in northern Bangladesh. It is in the Rangpur Division.


title: Gaibandha District

paragraphs: Gaibandha () is a district in northern Bangladesh. It is a part of the Rangpur Division.


title: Skymark Airlines

paragraphs: Skymark airlines or Sky is a low-cost Japanese airline founded in 1998. It is partly owned by the Japanese travel company H.I.S.


title: Claire

paragraphs: The name Claire is a female given name. It means "clear" in French. The popularity of the name in United Kingdom peaked in the 1970s and 1980s. Around 1997, the name fell out of the top 100 girls' names there. Many famous people have this name. One of them is the actress Claire Danes.


title: Yakushima

paragraphs: Yakushima is a World Heritage Site south of Kyushu in southern Japan.


title: Chibi Maruko-chan

paragraphs: Chibi Maruko-chan (Little Maruko) is an anime broadcast on Sunday evenings in Japan. It is about a elementary school student and her family.


title: Japanese literature

paragraphs: Japanese literature is literature written in the Japanese language. Early Japanese literature was a lot like Chinese literature because Japan and China had a lot of contact. Over time, Japanese literature became a new style that was different from Chinese literature.

paragraphs: Female authors were successful during the Heian period. When the Imperial Court became less powerful, female authors were less successful.


title: Shusaku Endo

paragraphs: Shūsaku Endō ( "", 27 March 1923 – 29 September 1996) was a Japanese writer known mainly for his novels. Endō is categorised as one of the "Third Generation" writers, the third major group of writers who appeared after World War II.


title: The Oval (Belfast)

paragraphs: The Oval is a football ground in Belfast, Northern Ireland. It is the home of Glentoran F.C.


title: Euglenozoa

paragraphs: The Euglenozoa are a large phylum of flagellate protists.

paragraphs: They are part of the wastebasket taxon known as the Protozoa, which contained many obviously different protists.

paragraphs: Euglenozoa include a variety of common free-living species, and some important parasites, of which a few infect humans. There are two main subgroups, the euglenids and kinetoplastids. Euglenozoa are unicellular, mostly around 1540 µm in size, although some euglenids get up to 500 µm long.

paragraphs: Most euglenozoa have two flagella, parallel to one another in an pocket-like structure. In some there is a cytostome or mouth, used to ingest bacteria or other small organisms. This is supported by a microtubule from the flagellar bases; two other tubules support the dorsal and ventral surfaces of the cell.

paragraphs: Some other euglenozoa feed through the absorption, and many euglenids possess chloroplasts and so obtain energy through photosynthesis. These chloroplasts are surrounded by three membranes and contain chlorophylls "A" and "C", along with other pigments, so are probably evolved from those of a captured green alga. Reproduction occurs exclusively through cell division. During mitosis, the nuclear membrane remains intact, and the spindle microtubules form inside of it.

paragraphs: The group is characterized by the ultrastructure of the flagella. In addition to the normal supporting microtubules, each contains a rod (called "paraxonemal"), which has a tubular structure in one flagellum and a latticed structure in the other.

paragraphs: The euglenozoa are generally accepted as monophyletic. They are related to Percolozoa; the two share mitochondria with disk-shaped compartments, which only occurs in a few other groups.

paragraphs: Both probably belong to a larger group of eukaryotes called the Excavata. This grouping, though, has been challenged.


title: Commodore 64

paragraphs: The Commodore 64 was a bestselling, 8-bit home computer from the 1980s. It was created by Commodore International, and it entered the market in 1982. Around 17 million units are believed to have been sold. The Commodore 64 is often credited with making personal computers popular amongst the masses. This quality sparked comparisons with the Ford Model T. The Commodore 64 was offered at relatively low prices, and was available in malls, department stores, and toy stores instead of solely in the shops of authorized dealers.


title: Kinetoplastid

paragraphs: The kinetoplastids are a group of single-cell flagellate eukaryotes. They include a number of parasites responsible for serious diseases in humans and other animals. There are also forms found in soil and aquatic environments. They are members of the phylum Euglenozoa.

paragraphs: Their main distinguishing feature is the presence of a kinetoplast, a DNA-containing granule inside the single mitochondrion at the base of the cell's flagella (the basal body).

paragraphs: The kinetoplastids were first defined by Honigberg in 1961 as the flagellate order Kinetoplastida. They are traditionally divided into the biflagellate Bodonidae and uniflagellate Trypanosomatidae.

paragraphs: The Trypanosomatidae includes several genera which are exclusively parasitic. "Trypanosoma brucei" causes Sleeping sickness; "Trypanosoma cruzi" causes Chagas disease, "Leishmania" causes leishmaniasis, "Crithidia" is parasitic on insects, and "Cryptobia" is an ectoparasite on the gills of fish.

paragraphs: "Bodo" is typical of the free-living Bodonids, and includes various species which feed on bacteria.


title: Captain George K. H. Coussmaker

paragraphs: Captain George K. H. Coussmaker (1782) is an oil painting by Joshua Reynolds. Coussmaker was born in London in 1759 to Evert and Mary Coussmaker. He entered the military in 1776. He was promoted several times. He never saw active service. He retired in 1795. He married Catherine Southwell in 1790. They had two children, George and Sophia (later, the Baroness de Clifford). He died in 1801.

paragraphs: Coussmaker sat for Reynolds 21 times and his horse 8 times between February 9 and April 16. Reynolds was paid 205 pounds. Another 10 guineas paid for the frame. The portrait remained with Coussmaker and his descendants until 1884. It was then sold to William K. Vanderbilt. Vanderbilt bequeathed to the Metropolitan Museum of Art in 1920. Museum curators describe the picture as "an exceptionally fine work ... The composition is complex and the whole vigorously painted."


title: Pet Shop Boys

paragraphs: Pet Shop Boys are a British synthpop duo: Neil Tennant and Chris Lowe. They formed in London in 1981 after they met in an electronics shop. They have sold 50 million records and are the most successful British music duo of all time. They have won three Brit Awards. They have been nominated for seven Grammy Awards. In 1984 their first single "West End Girls" was released. It reached number one in the UK and US.


title: Nicole

paragraphs: Nicole is a female given name of Greek origin. It means "victorious people". It is the French female version of the boy's name "Nicholas". There are many variants for this female name. Famous persons going by the name include Nicole Sullivan and Nicole Kidman. The name is being used for tropical storms or hurricanes in Atlantic Basin.


title: The Dancing Class

paragraphs: The Dancing Class is an oil painting by Edgar Degas painted about 1870. It was the first of his ballet pictures. It depicts a dance class at the Paris Opéra. When he painted this picture, Degas did not yet have privileges to go backstage at the Opéra. In the late 1870s, Degas said, "I have done [painted] so many of these dance examinations without having seen them that I am a little ashamed of it."

paragraphs: Joséphine Gaujelin (or Gozelin) is the dancer in the center of the picture. She waits for the starting note from the ballet master. The watering can (to wet down the rosin on the floor), the top hat as music holder, and the empty violin case are props that Degas would continue to use in his ballet pictures. Degas would re-use the poses in this picture many times.


title: Diastereomer

paragraphs: Diastereomers (also called diastereoisomers) are stereoisomers which are not enantiomers. They are molecules which have the same atoms and bonds but different stereochemistry in at least one, but not all, of their chiral centres. Diastereomers can have very different properties even though they look similar. This is different from enantiomers, that have exactly the same properties except when in a chiral environment like the human body.

paragraphs: Every chiral centre in a molecule has two possible ways of putting the groups in space. With only one chiral centre, there are two enantiomers. With two chiral centres, you can form 4 different isomers. When all chiral centres are changed at the same time, two pairs of enantiomers are formed. When only one chiral centre is changed at a time, sets of diastereoisomers are formed. With more chiral centres the possibilities are many more.

paragraphs: Diastereoisomers which are different at only one of more chiral centres are called epimers. For example, -Threose and -Erythrose (see picture) are diastereomers because they are different at only one of two chiral centres. Because of this they can also be called epimers.


title: Rate-determining step

paragraphs: In a chemical reaction the slowest step is called the rate-determining step. This is the step for which the transition state has the highest energy. It can be thought of as the most difficult step to go through. It is also the step that must be used to calculate the activation energy.

paragraphs: Knowing which step is rate-determining is very important when studying a reaction mechanism. This is because if this step is changed the reaction can go much faster. This can be done for example by using a different reagent or changing the temperature or pressure. Changing the conditions for any other step of the mechanism will not change the overall speed of the reaction at all.

paragraphs: In the rate equation, which is an equation to calculate the speed of the reaction from the concentration of molecules, usually the only step that is important is the rate-determining one.


title: Japanese Footbridge

paragraphs: Japanese Footbridge is an oil painting by Claude Monet. It was painted in 1899. It measures 81.3 x 101.6 cm (32 x 40 in.) It hangs in the National Gallery of Art.

paragraphs: In 1893, Monet moved to a house in rural Giverny. In 1893 and the years following, he turned a swampy area at Giverny into a water lily pool. It became a source of artistic inspiration.

paragraphs: In 1899 Monet painted 12 works that centered on the garden and the Japanese Footbridge he constructed. The National Gallery of Art writes: "When Monet exhibited these paintings at Durand–Ruel's gallery in 1900, a number of critics mentioned his debt to Japanese art. More telling, the impenetrable green enclosure—heightened in the National Gallery painting by the placement of the top of the bridge's arch just below the painting's top edge—harkens back to the "hortus conclusus" (closed garden) of medieval images, while also evoking a dreamlike contemplative zone consonant with symbolist literature, especially poems such as "Le Nénuphar blanc" by Stéphane Mallarmé. Gustave Geffroy described this effect in his review of the exhibition (Le Journal, November 26, 1900), speaking of "this minuscule pool where some mysterious corollas blossom," and "a calm pool, immobile, rigid, and deep like a mirror, upon which white water lilies blossom forth, a pool surrounded by soft and hanging greenery which reflects itself in it."


title: Water Lilies

paragraphs: Water Lilies (or Nymphéas, ) is a series of about 250 oil paintings by French Impressionist Claude Monet. The paintings are of Monet's flower garden at Giverny. They were the main focus of Monet's work during the last thirty years of his life. Many of the works were painted while Monet suffered from cataracts. The paintings are on display in museums all over the world, including the Musée Marmottan Monet and the Musée d'Orsay in Paris, the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York, the Art Institute of Chicago, the Carnegie Museum of Art and the National Museum of Wales, among others.

paragraphs: As part of his extensive gardening plans at Giverny, Monet had a pond dug in his garden and planted with lilies in 1893. He painted the subject in 1899, and thereafter it dominated his art. He worked continuously for more than twenty years on a large-scale decorative series, attempting to capture every observation, impression, and reflection of the flowers and water. The series captures the blooms at different times of the day, and under different atmospheric conditions. After much hesitation, Monet exhibited a group of 48 water-lily paintings in 1909 at the Paris gallery of his art dealer, Paul Durand-Ruel. The series became an enormous financial, popular, and critical hit. By the mid-1910s, Monet had achieved a completely new, fluid, and somewhat audacious style of painting in which the water-lily pond became the point of departure for an almost abstract art.


title: Piper Laurie

paragraphs: Piper Laurie (born January 22, 1932 in Detroit, Michigan) is an American actress. She played Catherine in the television series "Twin Peaks". She acted in the movies "Carrie" and "Children of a Lesser God". She has also acted in stage plays. She was married to movie critic Joe Morgenstern until they divorced in 1982.


title: Nighthawks

paragraphs: Nighthawks is an oil painting. It was painted by American realist painter Edward Hopper in 1942. The picture shows two people sitting in a diner late at night. It is Hopper's most famous work. It is one of the most recognizable paintings in American art. Within months of its completion, it was sold to the Art Institute of Chicago for $3,000. It hangs in the Institute.


title: The Attentive Nurse

paragraphs: The Attentive Nurse is an oil painting by Jean-Baptiste-Siméon-Chardin. It measures 46.2 x 37 cm (18 3/16 x 14 9/16 in.). It was painted in 1747. It hangs in the National Gallery of Art in Washington, DC.

paragraphs: The National Gallery tells us that Chardin reveals dignity and beauty in everyday life. The woman is preparing an invalid's meal. Each object receives careful treatment from the artist. The table setting is a harmony of white tones: jug, tablecloth, egg, and plate. Every pot, each piece of crockery has been given distinct treatment. As Diderot wrote of Chardin, "it is not white, red, or black pigment that you mix on your palette, it is the very substance of objects."

paragraphs: Chardin's subjects were popular with all classes of society, including the aristocracy. The National Gallery writes, "Perhaps their appeal rested in their sense of order, of things in their proper place. Chardin anticipated the popularity of paintings of "sensibility," which increased from the 1740s on, telling a colleague that "one uses color, but one paints with sentiment."


title: Broth

paragraphs: Broth or stock is a tasty soup. It is sometimes defined as the liquid part of soup. It can be made in boiling water by adding meat, fish or vegetables, and taking out the fat. It is sometimes used as an ingredient (or stuff) in recipes to make food taste better.

paragraphs: In Britain, a broth is a soup in which there are solid pieces of meat or fish, with some vegetables. It is usually made with a stock or plain water as its base, with meat or fish added while being brought to a boil, and vegetables added later. Broth is often made more substantial by adding rice, barley or pulses. Broth is distinct from stock, which is a thin liquid made by simmering raw ingredients until all the taste has been got, then sieving the resulting liquid. In Japan, other stuffs such as kelp, dried small sardines and katsuobushi are also used for Japanese dishes, too.

paragraphs: In the United States terms, broths are made from portions of meat, whereas stocks are made from vegetable scraps and bones.


title: Samuel Loomis

paragraphs: Dr. Samuel James "Sam" Loomis (March 13, 1922 – c. October 29th, 1998) is an fictional British character in the "Halloween". He is the main good guy of "Halloween", "Halloween II", "", "" and "". Donald Pleasence plays the character of Dr. Loomis in all five movies relating to Michael Michael Myers from parts 1-2 and from parts 4-6 (He and Michael did not appear in part 3).

paragraphs: From all the "Halloween franchise", he is thought to be as the archenemy to the series' central character and main villian, Michael Myers. In part six of the franchise, Dr. Loomis becomes the leader of an evil group which is why he does not appear in the other movies, but the main reason was that his portrayer Donald Pleasence died before part six was released. Malcolm McDowell plays Dr. Loomis in the 2007 re-make, "Halloween" and in its sequel "Halloween II".

paragraphs: His name Samuel Loomis is based on John Gavin's character name from Alfred Hitchcock's 1960 horror movie "Psycho".


title: The Swing (Fragonard, 1767-1768)

paragraphs: The Swing (1767-1768) is an oil painting by Jean-Honoré Fragonard. It was painted in 1767-1768. It measures 81 × 64 cm (31.9 × 25.2 in). The painting depicts a woman kicking off her shoe as she flies up in a swing. A young man gazes up her skirt while another man controls the swing with a rope. It hangs in the Wallace Collection, London.


title: Walmor Chagas

paragraphs: Walmor Chagas (August 28, 1930 – January 18, 2013) was a Brazilian actor. He was in over 50 movies since his career began in 1965. He is known for his roles in "São Paulo, Sociedade Anônima", "Xica da Silva", "Sonho Meu", "Esperança", "Caminhos do Coração", and in "A Favorita".

paragraphs: Chagas was born on August 28, 1930 in Alegrete, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Chagas committed suicide by shooting himself in the head on January 18, 2013 in his home in Guaratinguetá, São Paulo, Brazil, aged 81.


title: The Swing (Fragonard, 1775-1780)

paragraphs: The Swing is an oil painting by Jean Fragonard. It was painted between 1775-1780. The picture measures 215.9 x 185.5 cm (85 x 73 1/16 in.). It hangs in the National Gallery of Art, Washington, DC.


title: Subaru Corporation

paragraphs: Subaru Corporation which used to be named Fuji Heavy Industries is a Japanese manufacturing company that makes Subaru cars, aircraft for the Japanese Self Defence Force, engines, garbage trucks and wind turbines.


title: The Copper Cistern

paragraphs: The Copper Cistern is an oil painting on oak by Jean-Baptiste-Siméon-Chardin. It was painted ca. 1735. It measures 28.5 cm x 23 cm (11.22 in x 9.06 in). It hangs in the Louvre. Chardin chose homely themes that were popular with all classes of 18th century Parisian society.


title: A Rage in Harlem

paragraphs: A Rage in Harlem is a 1991 movie starring Forest Whitaker, Danny Glover, Robin Givens and Gregory Hines. The movie is set around 1950s New York City. It was given an R rating by the MPAA. The movie was shot in Cincinnati.


title: The Cellar Boy

paragraphs: The Cellar Boy is an oil painting on canvas by Jean-Baptiste-Siméon-Chardin. It was painted sometime ca. 1736-1738. It measures 46 cm x 38 cm (18.11 in x 14.96 in). It hangs in a private collection. Chardin chose homely themes that were popular with all classes of Parisian society.


title: Ginza

paragraphs: Ginza is an area of Central (Chuo) Tokyo ward, known for its expensive shops.


title: Soap Bubbles (painting)

paragraphs: Soap Bubbles is an oil painting on canvas by Jean-Baptiste-Simeon-Chardin. It was painted about 1733-1735. It measures 93 cm x 74.5 cm (36.61 in x 29.33 in.). It hangs in the National Gallery of Art in Washington, DC. Chardin chose homely subjects that proved popular with all classes of French society. He painted several pictures of boys playing.

paragraphs: The National Gallery of Art writes, "For the 18th–century viewer, bubbles were a form of entertainment. But they also were a symbol of the transience of life. The subject was popular; Chardin made at least three and probably four versions of this painting."

paragraphs: The National Gallery of Art continues: "Chardin has rigorously constructed his composition. The boys are framed by a rectangular stone window, the sharp rectangles offset by the hunched youth whose arms and head form a triangle. This triangular shape is echoed in the hat of the younger boy. The focus of the composition, however, is the circular, translucent bubble, which glistens against the warm brown tones of the canvas."


title: The Happy Lovers

paragraphs: The Happy Lovers is an oil painting on canvas by the French painter Jean-Honoré Fragonard. It was painted sometime between 1760-1765. It measures . It hangs in the Norton Simon Museum.


title: County Kerry

paragraphs: County Kerry is one of the Counties of Ireland. It is part of the Gaeltacht. Dingle is a popular tourist town in the county, and other scenic parts have been included in the List of World Heritage Sites in Ireland.


title: Lilacs and Roses

paragraphs: Lilacs and Roses is an oil painting on canvas by Édouard Manet. It was one of his late works, painted in 1883. It measures 54 × 45 cm. It is in a private collection. The painting is a development of the small vase of roses on the bar in Manet's "The Bar at the Folies-Bergère."

paragraphs: Many of Manet's later works offered a small still life in the lower left hand corner of the picture. The flowers present a "cross" shape that is broken by a diagonal line through the center. The brushwork is exceptional. The picture is one of the masterpieces of Manet's later years.


title: End of the Lunch

paragraphs: End of the Lunch is an oil painting by Pierre Auguste Renoir. It was painted in 1879. François Mathey writes, "This picture, redolent with a warm, healthy, and vibrant sensuality was painted under the arbor of Oliver's restaurant in Montmartre." The people in the picture are Ellen Andrée, the artist's current model Marguerite, and the son of someone who owned a ship.


title: Stoke Newington

paragraphs: Stoke Newington is an area of the London Borough of Hackney, northeast of central London.


title: Girl Most Likely

paragraphs: Girl Most Likely is a 2012 American comedy movie. It stars Kristen Wiig as Imogene, Annette Bening as Zelda, Natasha Lyonne as Allyson and Matt Dillon. This comedy deals with gambling troubles and suicide attempts. It got mixed to positive reviews from the critics.


title: RoboCop (2014 movie)

paragraphs: RoboCop (RoboCop 4) is a 2014 American action science fiction thriller movie. It stars Joel Kinnaman, Gary Oldman, Samuel L. Jackson and Michael Keaton. "RoboCop" is the remake of a 1987 action picture by the same name. This action picture is set in 2028 Detroit and was shot there. It was released on February 12, 2014 by Columbia Pictures. It also follows "RoboCop 2" (1990) and "RoboCop 3" (1993).


title: Passiflora

paragraphs: Passiflora is also known as the passion flowers or passion vines. It is a genus of about 500 species of flowering plants. They are mainly vines, with some being shrubs, and a few species being herbaceous. See passionfruit for information about the fruit of the passiflora plant.

paragraphs: The family "Passifloraceae" is characterized by a pantropical distribution. "Passiflora" is absent from Africa, which, instead, hosts many other members of its family (e.g. the more plesiomorphic "Adenia").

paragraphs: There are nine species of "Passiflora" native to the USA, from Ohio to the north, west to California and south to the Florida Keys. Most other species are found in South America, China, and Southern Asia, New Guinea, four or more species in Australia and an endemic species in New Zealand.


title: Operation Entebbe

paragraphs: Operation Entebbe, also known as Operation Jonathan, was an Israeli hostage rescue mission. It took place in July 1976 in Entebbe, Uganda. An Air France airplane was hijacked on 27 June 1976. The Palestinian terrorists wanted the release of prisoners held in Israel and four other countries. Many of the hostages were later released but 106 Israelis and Jews were still held. Israeli special forces planned and executed a daring long-range rescue of the remaining 106 passengers on 4 July 1976. 102 of the passengers were rescued. Lt Col Yonatan Netanyahu, who led the mission, was the only rescuer to be killed.

paragraphs: On 27 June 1976 Air France flight AF-139 was hijacked by four Palestinian people. One third of the passengers on the airplane were Jewish. Two of the hijackers were members of the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP). The other two were members of the Baader-Meinhof gang from Germany. The hijackers forced the plane to go to Entebbe.

paragraphs: The plane landed at Entebbe at 3 AM on June 28th. Three more people joined the hijackers. At noon, the passengers were moved to an old terminal building. Idi Amin, dictator and President of Uganda went to the airport to meet with the hostages. He told them he was working to get them free. He said the military of Uganda was there to help keep them safe. The next day, the hijackers said that if 53 other terrorists were not released from prisons, they would start killing the hostages. Of these 53 people, 13 were in prisons in France, West Germany, Kenya, and Switzerland. The other 40 were in Israel. The hijackers said the prisoners had to be released by 2 PM on July 1.

paragraphs: On June 29th, the Israel Defense Force (IDF) held a meeting to discussed a raid to free the hostages. There were 3 major problems with this. The first problem was that Uganda was 2000 miles away. The fact that the plane was owned by a French company was also an issue. The third main issue was the fact that only one third of the passengers were Jewish. And of these, not all of them were from Israel.

paragraphs: It was learned the next day that Idi Amin was, in fact, not working to free the hostages. He was working to support the PFLP. This caused other problems for the rescue mission. They now had to worry about the Uganda military at the airport. A large number of the hostages were released on July 1st. The hijackers still held 106 passengers who were all Israeli or Jews. The hostages who were freed were flown to Paris and London. The government of Israel said that they would free the prisoners held in Israel. Because of this, the hijackers agreed to not start killing the hostages until July 4th. Lt Col Yonatan Netanyahu was put in charge of the Israeli mission to free the remaining hostage. Training began the next day for the mission. It was done using information they had gotten from the released passengers. An old home movie taken in Entebbe was used to show them more about the layout of the airport.

paragraphs: Soon after noon on July 3rd, four C-130's took off from Israel with the troops for the rescue mission. Their path to Entebbe was carefully selected to avoid being seen by Russian ships or Egyptian radar. At 11 PM the plane reached Entebbe. A black Mercedes limousine and 2 Land Rover were used to lead troops to the airport. The vehicles were the same as those Amin was known to use. The Mercedes had Ugandan flags and all 35 commandos wore Ugandan uniforms. As they got near the building where the hostages were kept, two sentries went to stop them. Netanyahu told his vehicles to slow down. When the two sentries were in range, he had his troops shoot them with silenced weapons. One of the sentries was hit and killed. The other was not killed. When he tried to use his weapon, Israeli troops quickly killed him with AK-47s. This caused much noise and the hijackers knew something was now happening. The element of surprise was believed to be lost. The troops moved quickly to the building. The terrorist outside the building ran inside yelling "The Ugandans have gone nuts - they're shooting at us!" The element of surprise was still there. The terrorists did not realize it was Israeli troops attacking them.

paragraphs: It took the Israelis about 10 minutes to clear the building. The entire raid lasted just 99 minutes. The Ugandan soldiers and all seven terrorists were killed. Of the 106 passengers, three were killed. 102 were rescued. One of the hostages was not found. Netanyahu had been shot in the chest and 10 other of the Israeli military were injured. Netanyahu was the only one to die. The Israelis also destroyed at least 8 Russian-built MIG fighters. This was a quarter of Uganda's air force.

paragraphs: The hostages were then flown to Nairobi, Kenya. While there, some of the injured were treated by Israeli doctors. At least two people were moved to a hospital there. The rescued hostages were then taken back to Israel. It was later learned that one woman, the missing hostage, had been removed from the airport for medical reasons. She was later killed by the Ugandans. Her body was not returned to Israel until 1979.

paragraphs: While officially known as Operation Entebbe, it is more often referred to as Operation Jonathan, named after Yonatan Netanyahu.


title: Dido and Aeneas

paragraphs: Dido and Aeneas (/ˈdaɪdoʊ/ "Dy-doh and eh-Nee-us") is a three-act English opera. The story and words were written by Nahum Tate. The music was written by Henry Purcell. The opera was probably written about 1684-1685. "Dido" is Purcell's only true opera. It was possibly modeled on John Blow's "Venus and Adonis". Blow's piece was written and staged about the same time. Marc-Antoine Charpentier's little French operas may also have served as models. French music was appreciated at the English court.

paragraphs: The opera was intended for performance at the court. The death of Charles II may have caused it to be postponed however. The first performance occurred in a Chelsea girls' school run by Josias Priest (the dancing master at court) in 1689. Tragedy and comedy are deftly combined in "Dido". The lovers' scenes are tense with emotion. The witches' scenes are filled with comical cackling and mischief-making.

paragraphs: The story of the opera is taken from Virgil's "Aeneid". It tells of the Trojan Aeneas' tragic love for Dido, the Queen of Carthage. The opera manuscript has been lost or destroyed. Research and performance rely on earliest printed copies. Some music is believed missing from these early copies. That music is composed afresh by modern composers in Purcell's style. Sometimes music Purcell composed about 1685 is inserted into the score to make up for the lack of the original music. "Dido and Aeneas" is Purcell's best known work.

paragraphs: The words and story (the libretto) of "Dido and Aeneas" were written by Nahum Tate. The music was written by Henry Purcell. The date for the opera's composition is usually given as 1689. This has been called into question. The work is closer to the music Purcell composed in 1684-1685. The true date of composition probably falls in the middle-1680s rather than 1689. In the middle of the decade, Josias Priest's Chelsea boarding school for young ladies performed John Blow's "Venus and Adonis". This little opera was possibly the model for Purcell's work.

paragraphs: The opera was probably intended for a performance at court. The death of Charles II in February 1685 may have been a reason to postpone the performance. There is no evidence that the opera was performed at court at this time. The opera was first performed in 1689 at Priest's Chelsea girls' school, rather than at court. The themes, the mythological subject, the plentiful dances, the pastoral setting, the formal concision are all indicative that it was intended for a noble audience rather than the common man. It is more likely these short forms of opera appealed to the English. They preferred song and spoken dialogue.

paragraphs: "Dido" may have been modeled on the little French operas of Marc-Antoine Charpentier. It may have been modeled on John Blow's "Venus and Adonis", too. "Venus" was composed and staged about the same time as "Dido". The action is carried forward in "Dido" by arioso passages. Choruses and dances are used to frame the various scenes. The intensity of emotion in the scenes for the lovers is contrasted with the grotesqueness of the witches' scenes. Comedy and tragedy are carefully balanced in "Dido". This balance reveals Purcell's sense of drama.

paragraphs: After 1705, the opera disappeared from the stage. Occasionally, there were concert performances. In 1895, the first staged version in modern times was performed by students of the Royal College of Music to mark the bicentenary of Purcell's death.

paragraphs: The story of the opera is taken from the "Aeneid" by the Roman poet Virgil. Virgil was trying to create a national epic for the Romans in the way Homer did with "The Iliad" and "The Odyssey" for the Greeks. Aeneas is the son of Venus and Anchises of Troy. He flees his home after it is sacked by the Greeks. Ahead of him lies a seven year journey to Italy. Fate has decreed he will found a new nation. Aeneas arrives in Carthage. Queen Dido is mourning her dead husband, a man to whom she swore eternal fidelity. She has fallen in love with Aeneas, and he with her.

paragraphs: The original manuscript does not exist. Research depends upon the earliest printed copies. Some pieces are believed missing. Sometimes music Purcell composed in the middle 1680s is put into the score to balance the loss. Sometimes the missing music is composed completely afresh in Purcell's style.

paragraphs: The opera's tragic outcome is hinted at almost at once in the accompaniment to the Queen's Act 1 aria. The modulation in the ground bass from C minor to G minor on the words "I languish till my grief is known" anticipates the key of Dido's lament in Act 3. Purcell uses a ground bass at other moments: Dido's two arias (Acts 1 and 2) and in the aria "Oft she visits" in Act 2. This aria references Actaeon's tragic death by his own hounds. The word "ground" suggests that which will cover Dido after her death.


title: The Best Exotic Marigold Hotel

paragraphs: The Best Exotic Marigold Hotel is a 2011 British comedy-drama movie starring Judi Dench and Maggie Smith. It is based on the novel "These Foolish Things". John Madden is the director. This comedy-drama got very good reviews from critics. It was a box office hit. It made over $134 million worldwide.


title: Amiga

paragraphs: The Amiga was a line of personal computers that Commodore International produced during the 1980s and early 1990s. The first Amiga computer, the Amiga 1000, possessed a enabled the machine to display 4096 colors, a chip that enabled it to play back four channels of sound at once, an operating system with multitasking, and a graphical user interface at a time that these features were uncommon or not as developed as Amiga's. The Amiga is often said to have been ahead of its time. Although the Amiga did not sell well and Commodore went bankrupt, the Amiga developed a fandom and niche amongst video and graphics enthusiasts and gamers.

paragraphs: The Amiga was initially created by computer chip designer Jay Miner and Hi-Toro (later Amiga Corporation). In 1984, Commodore purchased Amiga Corporation. The first Amiga, the Amiga 1000, was released in 1985 after delays and marketing blunders. In 1994, Commodore declared bankruptcy.


title: Rate equation

paragraphs: The rate equation (or rate law) is an equation used to calculate the speed of a chemical reaction. For a general reaction , the rate equation is:

paragraphs: Here, [A] and [B] are the concentrations of A and B. "x" and "y" depend on which step is rate-determining. If the reaction mechanism is a very simple one, where A and B hit each other and then go to products through one transition state, then "x"="a" and "y"="b". "k" is the rate constant of the reaction. This changes with temperature, pressure and other conditions.

paragraphs: The rate equation is a differential equation. If it is integrated, then an equation which tells how the concentration of reagents and products changes with time is found.

paragraphs: In special cases, it is very easy to solve the equation and find "k". For example, in a first-order reaction the equation is:

paragraphs: So, a plot of formula_4 against time "t" gives a straight line with a slope of formula_5.

paragraphs: Sometimes, experiments can be made so that the reaction looks like a first-order one. If the concentration of one reagent is kept at the same high value then it can be thought of as a constant. The equation becomes formula_6 where k' is the pseudo-first order rate constant. Then the method above can be used to calculate k'.


title: Human resources

paragraphs: Human resources is all the people working for a company or organization. Sometimes, human capital is used as well. This is because employees (the people that work) are a good thing for a business because they add value to it.

paragraphs: It is important that human resources in a company are the best possible, because it is the workers that can make the difference. There are many factors to think about when talking of human resources:

paragraphs: Human resources management is the group of people within a company that takes care of human resources. They make sure every employee is happy with what they are doing. They also do recruitment (finding new people for a job).


title: Benjamin F. Stewart

paragraphs: Benjamin F. Stewart (born 1851) was a Private in the United States Army. He received the Medal of Honor for his actions during the Indian Wars.

paragraphs: Benjamin Stewart was born in 1851 in Norfolk, Virginia. He served as a Private in Company E, 7th U.S. Infantry during the American Indian Wars. He received the Medal of Honor December 2, 1876 for his actions at Little Big Horn River Montana on July 9, 1876.

paragraphs: Rank and organization: Private, Company E, 7th U.S. Infantry. Place and date: At Big Horn River, Mont., 9 July 1876. Entered service at: ------. Birth: Norfolk, Va. Date of issue: 2 December 1876.

paragraphs: Carried dispatches to Gen. Crook at imminent risk of his life.


title: Recruitment

paragraphs: Recruitment is the process of finding new people to do a job. For a company or organization, it is important to choose the right people from the beginning. This is because human resources are often a very important part of a business.

paragraphs: Recruitment has many different steps. First, the company needs to advertise that it has a job available. People then send an application. This usually includes a curriculum vitae, which is a summary of what a person has done until now in their life. The best applicants are selected and they come for an interview. This might also include some further tests or exercises to do. The person chosen is then given an offer of a job. Finally, they can choose to take it or not.

paragraphs: There are many ways of doing recruitment. Some companies go to consultants, who know where and how to find the best people. Universities and schools often have a group of people that tells the students about getting a job. At other times, a company might really want a person that is very good at a job but works for another company. They can then ask directly to this person, maybe offering more money. Facebook, Twitter and LinkedIn are also sometimes used by people looking for a job.


title: Juliana Paes

paragraphs: Juliana Couto Paes (born March 26, 1979) is a Brazilian actress and former model.

paragraphs: Born in Rio Bonito, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, Paes is of Black, Portuguese, Bolivian, indigenous Brazilian and Spanish descent. She is the oldest child of Regina and Carlos Henrique Paes. She has three siblings: Mariana, Rosana, and Carlos Henrique Jr.


title: Todd Bridges

paragraphs: Todd Anthony Bridges (born May 27, 1965) is an American actor and comedian who was known for his role as Willis Jackson in the hit comedy show "Diff'rent Strokes". He is also known for his roles in "Everybody Hates Chris" and "".

paragraphs: Bridges was born on May 27, 1965 in San Francisco, California. He has been married to Dori A. Smith since 1998. They have two children.


title: Dana Plato

paragraphs: Dana Michelle Plato (November 7, 1964 – May 8, 1999) was an American actress who was known for her role as Kimberly Drummond in the hit comedy show "Diff'rent Strokes". After the show ended, her career went down and later posed for "Playboy" and committed robbery.

paragraphs: Plato was born Dana Michelle Strain on November 7, 1964 in Maywood, California. She was adopted by Dean and Florine Plato and she legally changed her name from Strain to Plato. She was raised in Los Angeles, California. Plato was married to Lanny Lambert from 1984 until they divorced in 1990. They had one son, Tyler Lambert. Plato committed suicide when she had an overdose from pills in her home in Moore, Oklahoma, aged 34.


title: The Secret Meeting

paragraphs: The Secret Meeting is an oil painting by Jean-Honoré Fragonard. It dates to 1771-1773. Fragonard was hired to paint a series of panels for the chateau at Louveciennes, the home of Madame du Barry. His theme was "The Progress of Love". It is the companion piece to "The Lover Crowned". It hangs in the Frick Museum, New York.


title: The Lover Crowned

paragraphs: The Lover Crowned is an oil painting by Jean-Honoré Fragonard. In 1771, Fragonard was hired to paint a series of panels for the chateau at Louveciennes, the home of Madame du Barry. His theme was "The Progress of Love". "The Lover Crowned" is the companion piece to "The Secret Meeting". The picture hangs in the Frick Collection, New York.


title: John Vanbrugh

paragraphs: Sir John Vanbrugh (1664-1726) was an English writer, dramatist and architect.

paragraphs: His main literary works include "The Relapse" (1696), "The Provok'd Wife" (1697), "The Country House" (1703), "The Confederacy" (1705) and "The Provok'd Husband" (left incomplete and later completed by Colley Cibber in 1728).

paragraphs: As an architect, Vanbrugh designed some famous buildings like Castle Howard, Blenheim Palace and the original Haymarket Theatre.


title: Seto Inland Sea

paragraphs: Seto Inland Sea is a sea surrounded by the Japanese islands of Honshu, Kyushu and Shikoku.


title: Geophone

paragraphs: Geophone is a device for measuring earthquakes. They function by converting movement into voltage to be recorded at a station.


title: Asakura, Fukuoka

paragraphs: Ancient artifacts and agricultural tools have been found at Asakura. These finds date to the Yayoi period and the Kofun period (300 BC-538 AD).

paragraphs: In 660-661, the town of Asakura was briefly the capital of Japan when Empress Saimei moved her court to "Asakura no Tachibana no Hironiwa" Palace or "Asakure no Tachibana no Hironiwa-no-miya".

paragraphs: In 2006, the town merged with the former city of Amagi and the town of Haki. A new city named Asakura was formed.


title: Schist

paragraphs: The schists are a group of metamorphic rocks which have lamellar (plate-like) minerals, such as micas, chlorite, talc, hornblende, graphite, and others. Quartz often occurs in drawn-out grains so that a form called quartz schist is produced. By definition, schist contains more than 50% platy and elongated minerals, often finely interleaved with quartz and feldspar. Schist often contains garnets.

paragraphs: The individual mineral grains in schist, drawn out into flaky scales by heat and pressure, can be seen by the naked eye. Schist is characteristically "foliated", (~leaf-like) meaning the mineral grains split off easily into flakes or slabs. The word "schist" is derived from the Greek word "σχίζειν schíxein" meaning "to split". This refers to the ease with which schists can be split along the plane in which the platy minerals lie.

paragraphs: Most schists have been derived from clays and muds which have passed through a series of metamorphic processes involving the production of shales, slates and phyllites as intermediate steps. Certain schists have been derived from fine-grained igneous rocks such as basalts and tuffs. Most schists are mica schists, but graphite and chlorite schists are also common.

paragraphs: Schists are named after their mineral constituents, such as garnet schist, tourmaline schist, glaucophane schist, etc.

paragraphs: Schists are frequently used as dimension stone. Dimension stone is stone that has been selected and cut to specific shapes or sizes.


title: Ghost in the Machine

paragraphs: The "Ghost in the Machine" is a metaphor in philosophy. The philosopher Gilbert Ryle called mind the "Ghost in the Machine", and the idea that it was separate from the brain was the mistaken "official doctrine".

paragraphs: Ryle was referring to René Descartes' mind-body dualism. In dualist systems like Descartes', mental activity carries on in parallel to physical action, but the means of interaction are unknown or speculative. Ryle thought this was absurd, and as a kind of error which he called a "category mistake". It is like saying something like "cars move by motive spirit".


title: Helen Jacobs

paragraphs: Helen Hull Jacobs (August 6, 1908 - June 2, 1997, Globe, Arizona) was an American tennis player. She was a former number 1 ranked player. Jacobs won the championship at Wimbledon in 1936. She won a total of 10 Grand Slam titles. Jacobs won the US National championship in singles (1932-1935), doubles (1932, 1934-35) and mixed doubles (1934). She is best known for her rivalry with Helen Wills Moody.


title: William Troy

paragraphs: William Troy (1848–March 8, 1907) entered Service in the US Navy from Massachusetts as a United States Navy sailor. For bravery in action during the 1871 Korean Expedition he received the Medal of Honor on June 11, 1871. He was part of the party that rescued the mortally wounded Hugh McKee at Citadel Korea and was himself wounded and specifically commended by the Lieutenant.

paragraphs: Troy is buried in the Stockton State Hospital Cemetery in Stockton, California. A monument in his honor stands at the San Joaquin National Cemetery in Gustine, California. According to the San Joaquin National Cemetery's Website he is buried there, not at the state hospital in Stockton, in Section M-1, Grave 53.

paragraphs: Rank and organization: Ordinary Seaman, U.S. Navy. Born: 1848, Boston, Mass. Accredited to: Massachusetts. G.O. No.: 169, February 8, 1872.

paragraphs: On board the U.S.S. Colorado during the capture of the Korean forts, 11 June 1871. Fighting at the side of Lt. McKee, by whom he was especially commended, Troy was badly wounded by the enemy.


title: Royal Rumble (2000)

paragraphs: The Royal Rumble 2000 was the 22nd Royal Rumble, which Dwayne Johnson (better known as "The Rock") won. At the end of the rumble, The Rock and The Big Show were left. Big Show was about to throw The Rock out, but then Rock reversed the move and threw the Big Show out to win. Big Show proved that The Rock hit the ground first however it could not be arranged again because WrestleMania was in one month, so the Rock remained as the winner. After that, Show hit The Rock because of frustration.


title: James F. Merton

paragraphs: James F. Merton (born 1843) was a United States Navy sailor. He received the Medal of Honor for actions during the Korean Expedition in 1871. Landsman Merton was severely wounded during the seizure of the forts.

paragraphs: Rank and organization: Landsman, U.S. Navy. Birth: England. G.O. No.: 180, October 10, 1872.

paragraphs: Landsman and member of Company D during the capture of the Korean forts, 9 and 10 June 1871, Merton was severely wounded in the arm while trying to force his way into the fort.


title: Jaipurhat District

paragraphs: Joypurhat () is a district in northern Bangladesh. It is a part of the Rajshahi Division.


title: Naogaon District

paragraphs: Naogaon (, ) is a district in northern Bangladesh. It is a part of the Rajshahi Division.


title: Nawabganj District

paragraphs: Nawabganj () is a district in northern Bangladesh. It is a part of the Rajshahi Division.


title: Garum

paragraphs: Garum was a fermented fish sauce used in ancient Greece, Rome, and Byzantium. It was made from the intestines of small fishes by bacterial fermentation.


title: The House of Cards

paragraphs: The House of Cards is an oil painting by Jean-Baptiste-Siméon-Chardin. It was painted about 1737. It measures 60 cm x 72 cm (23.62 in x 28.35 in.). It hangs in the National Gallery, London. Chardin painted homely scenes that found favor with all classes of Parisian society.


title: The See-Saw

paragraphs: The See-Saw is an oil painting by Jean-Honoré Fragonard. It was painted in 1755. It measures 46 x 36 in. It hangs in the Fundación Colección Thyssen-Bornemisza, Madrid. It is the companion piece to "Blind Man's Bluff".


title: Blind Man's Bluff

paragraphs: Blind Man's Bluff is an oil painting by Jean-Honoré Fragonard. It was painted in 1755-1756. It measures 46 x 36 in. It hangs in the Toledo Museum of Art. It is the companion piece to "The See-Saw".


title: The Bathers

paragraphs: The Bathers is an oil painting by Jean-Honoré Fragonard. It was painted in 1765(?). It hangs in the Louvre.


title: A Visit to the Nursery

paragraphs: A Visit to the Nursery is an oil painting by Jean-Honoré Fragonard. It was painted in 1775. It measures . It hangs in the National Gallery of Art in Washington, DC. Fragonard is usually remembered for his mildly erotic works. After his marriage in 1769, he painted family life.


title: Mini CD

paragraphs: A Mini CD is a Compact disc that is of smaller size, usually 8 cm, instead of 12 cm, for "regular" CDs. These CDs can hold less data, about 210 Megabytes, or 24 minutes of music. There is also a version which can only hold 155 MB of data, or 18 minutes of music. Mini Cds also come in the shape and size of a business card, these can hold between 10 and 100 MB of data.


title: Tollund Man

paragraphs: The Tollund Man is the name for a mummy which was found in Denmark, in the 1950s. The man lived in the 4th century BC, in what is known as the "Pre-Roman Iron Age". The head and face were so well-preserved that he was mistaken at the time of discovery for a recent murder victim. Twelve years before the discovery of Tollund Man, another bog body, Elling Woman was discovered in the same bog.

paragraphs: Below the body was a thin layer of moss. Scientists know that this moss was formed in Danish peat bogs in the early Iron Age, therefore, the body was suspected to have been placed in the bog more than 2,000 years ago during the early Iron Age. C radiocarbon dating was performed: It indicated that he died in approximately 375-210 BC. The acid in the peat, along with the lack of oxygen underneath the surface, had preserved the delicate soft tissues of his body.

paragraphs: Examinations and X-rays showed that the man's head was undamaged, and his heart, lungs and liver were well preserved. The Silkeborg Museum estimated that he must have been approximately 40 years old, and about tall, at the time of his death. This means he was relatively small, even for the time. It is likely that the body had shrunk in the bog.

paragraphs: On the first autopsy report in 1950, doctors concluded that Tollund Man died by hanging rather than strangulation. The rope left visible marks in the skin beneath his chin and at the sides of his neck. There was no mark, however, at the back of the neck where the knot of the noose would have been located. After a re-examination in 2002, forensic scientists found more evidence to support these findings. Although the cervical vertebrae were undamaged (as they often are in hanging victims), radiography showed that the tongue was distended—an indication of death by hanging.

paragraphs: The stomach and intestines were examined and tests carried out on their contents. The scientists discovered that the man's

paragraphs: last meal had been a kind of porridge made from vegetables and seeds, both cultivated and wild: barley, linseed, gold of pleasure ("Camelina sativa"), knotweed, bristlegrass, and chamomile.

paragraphs: There were no traces of meat in the man's digestive system, and from the stage of digestion it was apparent that the man had lived for 12 to 24 hours after this last meal. In other words, he may not have eaten for up to a day before his death. Although similar vegetable soups were not unusual for people of this time, two interesting things were noted:

paragraphs: Bog bodies dry up and decompose rapidly, when they are taken out of the bog. Because of the facial expression, and the general state of the head, the decision was taken to expose the body. At the time, the head was preserved using Polyethylene glycol, the only material available. This method did not permit to preserve the body; it dried up and decayed. Today, the head is attached to a copy of the body. Both feet and the right thumb were also in a good state of preservation when the body was found in the 1950s. For this reason, they were kept in formaldehyde for analysis later. In 1976, the Danish Police Force made a finger-print analysis, making Tollund Man's thumb print one of the oldest finger-prints on record. Tollund Man is exposed in the Silkeborg Museum.


title: Elmelindo Smith

paragraphs: Sergeant First Class Elmelindo Rodrigues Smith (July 27, 1935 – February 16, 1967) was born in Wahiawa, Hawaii. He was a United States Army soldier of Hispanic-Asian descent, who was posthumously awarded the Medal of Honor for his actions in the Vietnam War. Despite being severely wounded, Smith inspired his men to beat back an enemy assault.

paragraphs: Smith was an American of Hispanic/Asian-Pacific American descent (his Hispanic blood being precisely of Puerto Rican origin). He was born in the town of Wahiawā which is in the center of Oahu Island in the County of Honolulu. There he received his primary and secondary education. He joined the United States Army in 1953 and was stationed in various countries overseas, among them was Okinawa.

paragraphs: During his stay in Okinawa, he met a Hawaiian born WAC by the name of Jane and soon they were married. They established their home in a military post in Tacoma, Washington and had two daughters.

paragraphs: On July 23, 1966, Smith was sent to the Republic of Vietnam and served as Platoon Sergeant of the 1st Platoon, Company C, 2d Battalion, 8th Infantry of the 4th Infantry Division. The division performed combat operations in the western Central Highlands along the border between Cambodia and Vietnam. The division experienced heavy combat against North Vietnamese Army (NVA) regular forces in the mountains surrounding an area called Kontum.

paragraphs: On February 16, 1967, Sergeant Rodrigues Smith was leading his platoon in a reconnaissance patrol, when suddenly it came under attack. NVA forces attacked the patrol with machinegun, mortar and rocket fire. Despite the fact that he was wounded, he coordinated a counterattack by positioning his men and distributing ammunition. He was struck by a rocket, but continued to expose himself in order to direct his men's fire upon the approaching enemy. Even though he died from his wounds, his actions resulted in the defeat of the enemy.

paragraphs: For his actions, he was recommended for the Medal of Honor. The family received the medal from the hands of Secretary of the Army Stanley R. Resor because President Lyndon B. Johnson was ill at the time. However, after the ceremony, which was held at the White House, the family which included his widow Jane and two daughters, Kathleen 10 and Pamela 6, were taken to President Johnson's bedroom.

paragraphs: Sergeant First Class Elmelindo Rodrigues Smith's remains were buried with full military honors in the National Memorial Cemetery of the Pacific in Honolulu, Hawaii. His name is inscribed in the Vietnam War Memorial in Washington, D.C. in Panel 15E – Row 051.


title: Madame du Barry

paragraphs: Jeanne Bécu, Countess of Barry (19 August 1743 – 8 December 1793) was the last mistress of Louis XV of France. She was one of the victims of the Reign of Terror.

paragraphs: Jeanne Bécu was born in Lorraine, France. Her mother was Anne Bécu who was a seamstress. Jeanne Bécu was an illegitimate child and her father is not known. Some people say her father was Jean Jacques Gomard, a friar known as "frère Ange".

paragraphs: Jeanne Bécu was educated at Couvent de Saint-Aure. When she was 15 years old, she left the convent. She and her mother moved to Paris where she sold small items on the streets. Jeanne was a very beautiful blonde haired woman. She was later found by Jean-Baptiste du Barry who owned a casino and trained women to be courtesans. Jean-Baptiste du barry made Jeanne Bécu his mistress.

paragraphs: As time passed, Jeanne became well known with powerful people in the kingdom. She had many clients in the king's court. The king noticed her and had her brought his bedroom many times. Since she was a commoner and did not have a royal title, she could not be a maîtresse-en-titre. The king was worried what people would think of him being with a commoner, so the kind ordered that Jeanne be married to a man who had a noble title. On 1 September 1768, Jeanne was married to du Barry's brother, Comte Guillaume du Barry. After the wedding, Jeanne was made Louix XV's official mistress. She lived in a small room above the king's room. Jeanne was very lonely since some people still considered her a commoner.


title: Linda Lovelace

paragraphs: Linda Lovelace (January 10, 1949 - April 22, 2002) was an American pornographic actress best known for her starring role in 1972 movie "Deep Throat". She was born Linda Susan Boreman in the Bronx, New York City.

paragraphs: She was married to Chuck Traynor (1937-2002) from 1971 until 1973; he frequently used violence against her. In 1974 she married Larry Marchiano. She had two children with him. They divorced in 1996. In 1980 "Ordeal" was published. It was a book Lovelace wrote about being a porn actress. She moved to Colorado in 1990. She died in Denver on April 22, 2002 of injuries sustained in a road accident on April 3, 2002. The biopic "Lovelace" is about her.


title: Division of Parramatta

paragraphs: The Division of Parramatta is an Australian Electoral Division in New South Wales. The division was created in 1900 for the first federal election in 1901. It is named for the locality of Parramatta. The name "Parramatta" is an Aboriginal word for "the place where the eels lie down".

paragraphs: The division is in the western suburbs of Sydney. It includes Constitution Hill, Dundas Valley, Granville, Harris Park, Holroyd, Mays Hill, North Parramatta, Oatlands, Old Toongabbie, Parramatta, Rosehill, Rydalmere, Telopea, Wentworthville, Westmead and parts of Dundas, Ermington, Guildford, Merrylands, Merrylands West, Northmead, North Rocks, Pendle Hill, South Granville and South Wentworthville.

paragraphs: The division lies between Labor voting areas of western Sydney and the Liberal areas on the North Shore. Because of this, any change to the boundary can change the political balance in the seat. For example, in the 2006 boundary change, Parramatta shifted from marginally Labor to marginally Liberal (as defined by the Australian Electoral Commission). Nevertheless, as was expected Julie Owens held the seat for the ALP with an increased majority.

paragraphs: From 1901 to 1921 the Division was represented by Sir Joseph Cook who was the Prime Minister of Australia from 1913-14. There have been several by-elections for Parramatta when the members have resigned. In 1921 Cook resigned to became Australian High Commissioner to the United Kingdom, in 1958 Beale resigned to become Australian Ambassador to the United States, in 1964 Barwick resigned to become Chief Justice of the High Court, Bowen resigned in 1973 to become a judge in the NSW Court of Appeal.


title: Harborne

paragraphs: Harborne is an area of Birmingham in the West Midlands, England. It is west of the centre of Birmingham.


title: Humboldt-University of Berlin

paragraphs: The Humboldt-University of Berlin () is Berlin's first university. It was founded by Wilhelm von Humboldt. He was the German Minister of Education at the time. Von Humboldt organized Germany's system of education which is still used today. The first building was donated by Frederick William III of Prussia. The University opened its doors in 1810 as the University of Berlin.

paragraphs: At the time of its founding in 1810, there was pressure to make the new university both practical and industrial. Von Humboldt wanted it to be a center for the pursuit of truth in learning. In the end he won out. The University was set up under his principles. In 1828 it was formally renamed the Frederick-William University. The university was named in honor of the reigning monarch, Frederick William III of Prussia. The university offered the traditional faculties of law, medicine, theology and philosophy. Emperor William made several establishments at the University. One of these was the professorship of "American History". It is now called the "Theodore Roosevelt professorship". It required the position be filled by an American professor who must lecture in German. In an interview with then president Butler of Columbia University, a second professorship in Berlin was established with a lectures in English taught by a German professor.

paragraphs: From 1933 to 1945, under Nazism, the university lost many of its Jewish scholars and students. Some were killed. On May 10, 1933 many university books were burned. Before World War II Humboldt was still the major university in Berlin. After the war the university was greatly weakened. It reopened in January 1946. It was in the Soviet sector of Berlin. Many students and faculty wanted to continue their education free of communist government control. With the help of the US Army and donations from the United States government, the Free University of Berlin was established in 1948 in West Berlin.

paragraphs: In 1949 the university was given it's present name, Humboldt-University of Berlin (), to honor the brothers Alexander and Wilhelm von Humboldt. The university underwent a number of changes by the government of East Berlin in the 1950s. But it regained its importance as a major center of learning.

paragraphs: The university got its start reflecting the principles of the great educational reformer Wilhelm von Humboldt. It pioneered many new academic disciplines. In spite of its problems in the 20th century, the university has returned to its founding principles. There are 260 degree courses offered. The university has an academic staff of about 2,170 and 35,000 students. it is currently ranked 80th among the world's universities. It has been informally called "Berlin University" throughout its history. Also, informally, the "University of Linden" () after its location.


title: German Football Association

paragraphs: The German Football Association () is the association that governs football in Germany. It was one of the founding members of both FIFA and UEFA. It is in charge of the men's and women's national teams. The association was started on 28 January 1900 in Leipzig. Its headquarters are now based in Frankfurt.


title: 2013 Football League Cup Final

paragraphs: The 2013 Football League Cup Final is a football match between Bradford City and Swansea City, which will take place on 24 February 2013 at Wembley Stadium, London. It is the final match of the 2012–13 Football League Cup, the 53rd season of the Football League Cup, a football competition for the 92 teams in the Premier League and the Football League. The winner of the Football League Cup will enter the 2013–14 UEFA Europa League in the third qualifying round.


title: 2052 - A Global Forecast for the Next Forty Years

paragraphs: 2252 - A Global Forecast for the Next Forty Years is a description of trends in global development of Jørgen Randers, that is a follow-up of "The Limits to Growth" which in 1972 was the first known worldwide report to the Club of Rome.

paragraphs: There are three differences to the previous report. First, it does not describe a disaster scenario, but shows only trends. Secondly, it is to be read in the light of experience since 1972, namely, that all of humanity has responded to the report, but with a delay of 20 to 40 years. Thirdly, it offers not only future scenarios, it makes concrete proposals on how the individual should respond to emerging developments.

paragraphs: Randers's reflections are based on two central questions: "What will happen to the consumer over the next 40 years?" and "Under what conditions - in which social and natural environment - this future consumption will take place?" (P.78) He uses computer models to make sure feedback effects are not overlooked.

paragraphs: The population will decline from about the 2040th.

paragraphs: The working population will peak around 2030.

paragraphs: Productivity will grow, but there will be obstacles.

paragraphs: The gross domestic product will grow, but more slowly.

paragraphs: Investments - forced and voluntary - will increase.

paragraphs: Costs for adaptation to the new climate and for repair of disasters will explode.

paragraphs: Consumption will stagnate and decline in some places.

paragraphs: The energy efficiency will continue to increase. Energy demand is expected to rise, but not indefinitely. CO emissions from energy consumption will peak in 2030. The temperature will rise by more than two degrees, and that will cause serious problems.

paragraphs: The race for natural resources will be hard, the biocapacity of the world will be used more and more. The cities become richer sources of raw materials for metal than the mineral deposits in nature (urban mining). In the same way that zoos have already become the last refuge for many endangered species, parks will take over this role for nature in general.

paragraphs: Randers argues the global gross domestic product will fail to increase as it has in the past because of population decline, and general aging and declining productivity growth.

paragraphs: The Internet will give rise to a completely new understanding of private and public. Knowledge will not be a scarce resource any more, but that will not lead to more rational decisions in most of the cases, because the knowledge on its own is not sufficient to change behavior when strong interests are involved. Therefore, probably there will be needed a "green team" to enforce environmental behavior, like today, the peacekeeping forces (blue berets).


title: Alkyne

paragraphs: An alkyne is a molecule that has a triple bond between two carbon atoms. They have general formula CH. They are also called acetylenes. The smallest alkyne is acetylene, also called ethyne. Alkynes are hydrophobic: this means they dissolve well in organic solvents but not in water.

paragraphs: Alkynes are more reactive than usual hydrocarbons. For example, they are more reactive than alkenes in many reactions. If the alkyne is at the end of a molecule, it is easy to remove the proton with a strong base. Then, the alkyne can be used in addition reactions. For example, it can be added to a ketone. Alkynes are also easy to reduce to double bonds. They can be made into both "trans" and "cis" double bonds. Alkynes are also used a lot in pericyclic reactions.

paragraphs: Alkynes have a 180 degrees angle between the two carbon atoms. For this reason, they do not like to be in a cyclic compound. Some examples of alkynes are shown below.


title: Carboxylic acid

paragraphs: A carboxylic acid is any molecule that has a COOH group. This group contains a carbonyl (C=O double bond) together with an hydroxyl group (OH) on the same carbon atom. Because it is easy to remove the proton with even a weak base, these compounds are called acids. An example of a carboxylic acid is Acetic acid, which is also known as vinegar.

paragraphs: Carboxylic acids are found a lot in food. Many types of fat molecules are actually carboxylic acids. For example, chocolate and coconuts have these acids. They are also used a lot in soaps and detergents.

paragraphs: The smaller carboxylic acids dissolve in water. The bigger ones dissolve only in organic solvents.

paragraphs: This section lists the first few carboxylic acids.