title: Mission: Impossible

paragraphs: Mission Impossible was an American spy television series. The first season starred Steven Hill as Dan Briggs. From the second season on it starred Peter Graves as Jim Phelps. The show was a creation of Bruce Geller. The music was composed by Lalo Schifrin.

paragraphs: The series is about an elite group that specializes in intelligence. In addition to Hill (first season) and Graves (second and following seasons), the other group members were played by Martin Landau (Rollin Hand, expert in disguise), Barbara Bain (seductress Cinnamon Carter, the bait to lure rivals), Greg Morris (Barney Collier, electronics expert), and Peter Lupus (Willy Armitage, the strong man). Landau and Bain left after the third season. In the fourth season, Leonard Nimoy joined the cast as Paris. Later cast members included Lee Meriwether (who guest-starred in 8 episodes as Tracey), Lesley Ann Warren as Dana Lambert, and Sam Elliott as Doug Robert. The last episode aired March 30, 1973.

paragraphs: "Mission: Impossible" 1988-1990 was an ABC TV series. Peter Graves again played Jim Phelps. The co-stars in this version were Thaao Penghlis as Nicholas Black, Tony Hamilton as Max Harte, Phil Morris as Grant Collier. Greg Morris and Linda Day George from the first series also appeared.


title: Árpád Göncz

paragraphs: Árpád Göncz ("Göncz Árpád"; February 10, 1922 – October 6, 2015) was a Hungarian liberal politician. He was President of Hungary from May 2, 1990 to August 4, 2000. He was the first democratically elected president of Hungary.

paragraphs: Göncz played a role in the Hungarian Revolution of 1956. He was also founding member and Vice Chairman of Alliance of Free Democrats (SZDSZ) and Speaker of the National Assembly before becoming President.

paragraphs: He was a member of the international advisory council of the Victims of Communism Memorial Foundation.


title: Leo Tindemans

paragraphs: Leonard Clemence "Leo" Tindemans () (16 April 1922 – 26 December 2014) was a Belgian politician. Tindemans was the 43rd Prime Minister of Belgium.

paragraphs: He was born in Zwijndrecht on 16 April 1922. Tindemans died on 26 December 2014 in Edegem, Antwerp, Belgium, aged 92.


title: Steven Adler

paragraphs: Steven Adler (born Michael Coletti, January 22, 1965) is an American musician. He is best known as the drummer and co-songwriter of the hard rock band Guns N' Roses during the late 1980s. He is the current drummer for the rock band Adler.

paragraphs: During his time in Guns N' Roses, Adler suffered from drug addiction. In 1990, the band fired Adler. He later rejoined the band after he signed a contract in which he promised to stop taking drugs. He was fired from the band again on July 11, 1990, after his addiction left him unable to perform.

paragraphs: Adler appeared on the second and fifth seasons of the reality television show "Celebrity Rehab with Dr. Drew" for his drug rehabilitation. He also appeared on the first season of its spin-off show "Sober House".


title: Black operation

paragraphs: A black operation (black op for short) is a covert operation which is done by a government or military. Black operations are secret and whoever does them does not admit that they ever happened. There are differences between black operations and ones which are just secret. The main difference is that a black operation often uses deception. This deception might be not telling anybody who did the operation. It might also be blaming the operation on someone else ("false flag" operations).

paragraphs: One example of a black operation is a "black bag operation". A black bag operation is when agents or soldiers secretly go into buildings and collect intelligence. It is known that the Federal Bureau of Investigation, the Central Intelligence Agency, Mossad, MI6 and other intelligence services have done operations like these.

paragraphs: The word "black" can be used for any secret action done by a government. For example, some militaries and intelligence services have classified "black budgets" to carry out black operations. Almost all details about this budget is hidden from the public.


title: Covert operation

paragraphs: A covert operation is an operation that is done in a way that keeps it secret. The term suggests some kind of important reason. Examples might be:

paragraphs: Covert operations may be done by police. They can also be done by security agencies such as the Central Intelligence Agency (US) or MI5 (UK).


title: Spy movie

paragraphs: Spy movies are a genre of thriller and action movies. These movies deal with fictional espionage, either in fantasy way (James Bond) or in a realistic way. Many spy fiction novels have been made into movies.

paragraphs: Movies in this genre range from the 1940s Nazi thriller movies to the thriller movies of the 2010s. They have been popular worldwide with audiences.

paragraphs: The genre began with the silent era, beginning in 1914. The spy movies in the 2000s and 2010s are more realistic than fantasy movies. Examples of this are the James Bond movies "Casino Royale" (2006) and "Skyfall".


title: Diana Rigg

paragraphs: Dame Enid Diana Elizabeth Rigg (20 July 1938 – 10 September 2020) was an English actress, known professionally as Diana Rigg. Rigg played Emma Peel in the television thriller "The Avengers" (1965–68). She played Helena in a "Midsummer Night's Dream" and Arlene Marshall in "Evil under the Sun". She also performed on stage.

paragraphs: Rigg was born in Doncaster, West Riding of Yorkshire, England. Rigg was made a Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE) in 1988. She was made a Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire (DBE) in 1994.

paragraphs: In 1990, she won a BAFTA Award. In 1994, Rigg won a Tony Award. In 1997, she won an Emmy Award.

paragraphs: In March 2020, Rigg was diagnosed with cancer. She died on 10 September 2020 in London, aged 82.


title: Emma Peel

paragraphs: Emma Peel is a fictional spy in the British television thriller "The Avengers". Peel was born as Emma Knight.

paragraphs: Peel was introduced to the series to replace the character Cathy Gale. In the television series, Diana Rigg played her. Uma Thurman played Peel in the 1998 movie.

paragraphs: Peel is a heroine who is rarely bested in fights.


title: Steubenville High School rape case

paragraphs: The Steubenville High School rape happened in Steubenville, Ohio on the night of August 11, 2012. A 16-year-old girl was raped at a party by two 16-year-old high school footballer players, Trent Mays and Ma'lik Richmond. The girl did not remember because she was very drunk at the time. On August 12, 2012 Mays was sentenced to at least two years at a prison for underage criminals. Richmond was sentenced to at least a year there. He was released in January 2014. The case got attention all over the United States after it was written about by the "New York Times".


title: Count of Soissons

paragraphs: The Count of Soissons (French: "comte de Soissons") was a member of the French court when the country was still a monarchy. They held the rank of Prince of the blood and as a result entitled to the style of "Serene Highness" but this was used in writing only. The Counts were the owners of the one time famous "Hôtel de Soissons" in Paris. The title is unique in the sense that it was later inherited by a woman which was actually forbidden in France at the time.

paragraphs: François de Bourbon, the first Prince of Conti was also the brother of the founder of the Soissons line. Charles de Bourbon, Count of Soissons. The Counts Soissons were addressed at court as "Monsieur le Comte" and their wives as "Madame la Comtesse". The members of the house were:


title: Pink Floyd—The Wall

paragraphs: Pink Floyd - The Wall is a British movie from 1982. It was inspired by Pink Floyd's album "The Wall". It was directed by Alan Parker (for the non-animation) and Gerald Scarfe (for the animation). It was distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer (for the original version) and Warner Bros. (for the current version).

paragraphs: The movie is about a rock star named "Pink", after the band. He builds a wall to separate everyone from his life. But when Pink is on trial the judge orders the wall to be pulled down. At the Cannes Film Festival in 1982, the movie was shown "out of competition". This means it was shown in the Festival theatre but could not win the main prize.


title: Margot Robbie

paragraphs: Margot Elise Robbie ( ; born 2 July 1990) is an Australian movie and TV actress and movie producer. She played Charlotte in the comedy movie "About Time" (2013). She played Harley Quinn in the 2016 action movie "Suicide Squad" and in the upcoming 2020 movie "Birds of Prey". She also starred as Sharon Tate in the 2019 Quentin Tarantino movie "Once Upon a Time in Hollywood".

paragraphs: In 2017, Robbie was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Actress for her role as Tonya Harding in "I, Tonya".

paragraphs: Robbie was born in Gold Coast, Queensland and grew up in Dalby. In 2016, she married Tom Ackerley.


title: Soledad O'Brien

paragraphs: Maria de la Soledad Teresa O'Brien (born September 19, 1966) is an American broadcast journalist. She does broadcasts for CNN and HBO. She has received an Emmy Award.

paragraphs: O'Brien was born in St. James, New York.


title: Multilevel marketing

paragraphs: Multilevel marketing is a marketing strategy. In normal marketing, salespeople get revenue which is based on their sales. In multilevel marketing, there are also rewards for recruiting new salespeople. Multilevel marketing has also been called network marketing, and referral marketing. Depending on the details, the difference between multilevel marketing and a pyramid scheme can be very small.


title: Naomi Wolf

paragraphs: Naomi R. Wolf (born November 12, 1962) is an American feminist writer. She was born in San Francisco. She gained a Bachelor of Arts from Yale University. Her first book "The Beauty Myth" was published in 1990. In the book, Wolf writes that there needs to be a third wave of feminism. "The Telegraph" described Wolf as "the woman who made feminism sexy".

paragraphs: Wolf was born to a Jewish family. Her father is Leonard Wolf.

paragraphs: In 2012 "Vagina: A New Biography" was published. The book got bad reviews.


title: Do What U Want

paragraphs: "Do What U Want" is a song by Lady Gaga. It is the second single from her third studio album, "Artpop". The song features the R&B singer R. Kelly. The song was written by both Kelly and Gaga. "Do What U Want" has reached the top ten in Canada and the UK and the top twenty on the "Billboard" Hot 100. It charted moderately on other charts around the world. A music video has been made for the single but was never commercially released.

paragraphs: A remix was released on January 1, 2014, featuring fellow pop singer Christina Aguilera, after she and Gaga performed the song on the competition series "The Voice", where Aguilera was a coach.

paragraphs: In January 2019, a documentary called "Surviving R. Kelly" was released which talked about Kelly's alleged relationships with women. Gaga later regretted working with him on the song and had the album version removed from all music stores and streaming services. She also claimed that she was a supporter for Kelly's alleged victims. Other than remixes, only the Christina Aguilera version of the song is still available.


title: Cliff Carpenter

paragraphs: Clifford A. Carpenter (March 2, 1915 – January 9, 2014) was an American actor. He was known for his radio role in "Terry and the Pirates". The show was adapted from the comic strip of the same name. Carpenter provided the voice for the main character Terry Lee.

paragraphs: Carpenter died on January 9, 2014 in New Milford, Connecticut from natural causes. He was aged 98.


title: Death by natural causes

paragraphs: Death by natural causes is often recorded on death records as the cause of a person's death. Death from natural causes might be a heart attack, stroke, illness, or infection. Cancer is not considered a natural cause of death.

paragraphs: By contrast, death caused by active intervention is known as unnatural death. The "unnatural" causes are usually given as accident (implying no unreasonable voluntary risk), misadventure (accident following a willful and dangerous risk, which can include drug or alcohol overdose), suicide, or homicide. In some settings, other categories may be added. For example, a prison may track the deaths of inmates caused by acute intoxication separately. Additionally, a cause of death can be recorded as "undetermined".

paragraphs: By contrast, death caused by active intervention is called unnatural death. The "unnatural" causes are usually given as accident (implying no unreasonable voluntary risk), misadventure (an accident following a willful and dangerous risk, which can include drug or alcohol overdose), suicide, or homicide. In some settings, other categories may be added. For example, a prison may track the deaths of inmates caused by acute intoxication separately. Additionally, a cause of death can be recorded as undetermined.


title: Frank Marth

paragraphs: Frank Marth (July 29, 1922 – January 12, 2014) was an American movie and television actor. He was best known as a cast member of "Cavalcade of Stars" (1949; 1950–1957). He frequently appeared on "The Honeymooners" (1955–56). His career lasted for over 50 years.

paragraphs: Marth died of congestive heart failure and Alzheimer's disease on January 12, 2014. He was aged 91.


title: Paracanthurus

paragraphs: Paracanthurus is a genus of surgeonfish. It contains a single member species, Paracanthurus hepatus. It is often called a Palette Tang. It lives in the Indian Ocean and the western and central Pacific Ocean. It is a popular fish in marine aquariums.

paragraphs: The Palette Tang has a body, a yellow tail, and a black area that looks like an artist's palette. The lower body is yellow in the west-central Indian Ocean. It grows to 30 cm (12 in.). This fish has a flat shape, like a pancake, with a circular body shape, a pointed snout-like nose, and small scales. The Palette Tang has 9 on its back. It also has 3 spines on the bottom near the tail. Other names this species is known by include regal tang, palette surgeonfish, blue tang (sometimes confused with the Atlantic "Acanthurus coeruleus"), royal blue tang, hippo tang, flagtail surgeonfish, pacific regal blue tang and blue surgeonfish.

paragraphs: The species' range is broad. It can be found throughout the tropical waters of the Indian Ocean and the western and central Pacific Ocean. It is also found in the seas connecting the two oceans. It is seen in reefs of East Africa, Japan, Samoa, New Caledonia, and the Great Barrier Reef. They live in pairs or in a small groups of up to 10 or 12 individuals. These fish reach sexual maturity at 9–12 months of age. The Palette Tang is one of the most common and most popular Marine Aquarium fish all over the world. In an aquarium they must be given more space or they will act aggressively towards each other.

paragraphs: As a young fish it eats mostly plankton. Adults fish are omnivorous and feed on plankton and algae. Spawning occurs during late afternoon and evening hours. While it is spawning the fish's color changes from an even dark blue to a pale blue.


title: John Horsley (actor)

paragraphs: John L. Horsley (21 July 1920 – 12 January 2014) was an English actor. He was known for his role on "Hell Drivers" (1957) and for his role as Doc Morrissey in the BBC sitcom "The Fall and Rise of Reginald Perrin".

paragraphs: Horsley died on 12 January 2014 from natural causes.


title: Anjali Devi

paragraphs: Anjali Devi () ; 24 August 1927 – 13 January 2014) was a Telugu and Tamil actress and movie producer. She was known for her role as Sita in "Lava Kusha" and roles in movies like "Suvarna Sundari" and "Anarkali".

paragraphs: She died at the age of 86 on 13 January 2014. She died at Vijaya Hospital in Chennai from multiple organ failure.


title: Mihai Fotino

paragraphs: Mihai Matei Fotino (also known as Mișu Fotino; 14 September 1930 – 13 January 2014) was a Romanian actor. He appeared in over 100 movies. Fotino's career lasted for 70 years.

paragraphs: He was awarded the Romanian Order of Cultural Merit in 1967 and 2004.

paragraphs: Fotino died on 13 January 2014 in Bucharest from a heart attack. He was aged 83.


title: Harry Caray

paragraphs: Harry Caray (Harry Christopher Carabina; March 1, 1914 – February 18, 1998) was an American baseball broadcaster on radio and television. He covered four baseball teams; St. Louis Cardinals, Oakland Athletics, Chicago White Sox and for the Chicago Cubs. He was known for broadcasting for the Chicago Cubs for sixteen years. He is the father of Skip Caray.

paragraphs: Caray died from a cardiac arrest after hitting his head on a dinner table. This was on February 18, 1998 in Rancho Mirage, California. He was 83 years old. He was soon buried in Des Plaines, Illinois.


title: Kang Young-hoon

paragraphs: Kang Young-Hoon (May 30, 1922 – May 10, 2016) was a South Korean politician. He was the Prime Minister of South Korea from 5 December 1988 until 27 December 1990, and acting Prime Minister until 16 December 1988.


title: Anker Jørgensen

paragraphs: Anker Henrik Jørgensen (13 July 1922 – 20 March 2016) was a Danish politician. He served as the Prime Minister of Denmark from 1972 to 1973, then again from 1975 to 1982. He was also the Minister of Foreign Affairs.

paragraphs: Jørgensen was born on 13 July 1922 in Copenhagen. He died in Copenhagen at the age of 93.


title: Miloš Jakeš

paragraphs: Miloš Jakeš (August 12, 1922 – July 10, 2020) was a Czechoslovak politician. He was the first General Secretary of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia from 1987 until 1989. He resigned from his position in late November 1989, during the so-called "Velvet Revolution".

paragraphs: Jakeš died on July 10, 2020 at the age of 97.


title: Parker

paragraphs: Parker is an American action crime thriller movie. It is about betrayal and revenge. Jason Statham plays Parker, a thief. Jennifer Lopez plays Leslie Rodgers. Patti LuPone plays Ascension.

paragraphs: The movie was released on January 25, 2013 (one day earlier in Las Vegas). Reviews for the movie were mixed. The movie made US$11 million beyond its budget of $35 million. However, it was not very successful in the United States box office.


title: Killer Elite

paragraphs: Killer Elite is a melodramatic action-thriller movie. It was released in 2011. It is about assassins during the early 1980s in several countries. Jason Statham plays Danny Bryce, Robert De Niro plays Hunter.

paragraphs: This movie got mixed to negative reviews by critics. Roger Ebert gave it three out of four stars, calling it "impressive".


title: Puebloan peoples

paragraphs: The Pueblo people are a group of Native American people who live in the southwestern part of the United States. They speak several different native languages. They are split into two major cultures, based on different systems of kinship. When the Spanish arrived in the 16th century, they were living in communities that the Spanish called pueblos, meaning "towns". Today there are 21 pueblos remaining. The main pueblos are located in the states of New Mexico and Arizona.


title: Nadya Suleman

paragraphs: Nadya Denise Suleman (or Natalie Denise Suleman; born on July 11, 1975), called Octomom in the media, is an American mother. She came to worldwide attention in January 2009 when she gave birth to octuplets (eight babies).

paragraphs: Public reaction became very negative, however, when it was discovered she already had six children and was not employed. She also received welfare. Suleman conceived the octuplets through in vitro fertilization.


title: Loki (comics)

paragraphs: Loki is a fictional villain who appears in comic books by Marvel Comics. He has a range of superpowers, and is therefore called a "supervillain". His powers consist of shape-shifting and also some sorcery. He is based on the god Loki from Norse mythology. The character first appeared historically in "Venus" No. 6 (August 1949). The character was created by Stan Lee, Larry Lieber and Jack Kirby.

paragraphs: Loki is the brother and enemy of Thor. In the Marvel Cinematic Universe, Loki is featured in the movies "Thor", "The Avengers" and "". The character Loki is played by Tom Hiddleston. In the movies, Loki is said to be Thor's brother (therefore Odin's son), only to discover he was adopted and is in fact a Jötunn and son of King Laufey, ruler of Jötunheim.


title: Division of Riverina

paragraphs: The Division of Riverina is an Australian electoral division in the state of New South Wales. It is located in south-west rural New South Wales, generally following the Murrumbidgee River valley. It was one of the original 75 divisions set up for the first Australian federal election in 1901. It was named after the Riverina region in which it is located.

paragraphs: The division includes the cities of Wagga Wagga and Griffith and the towns of Coleambally, Coolamon, Gundagai, Hillston,Junee, Leeton, Narrandera, Temora, Tumut, Tumbarumba and West Wyalong. The Sturt Highway runs along the length of the division.

paragraphs: There was a by-election in Riverina in 1904. Robert Blackwood won the seat by only a few votes from John Chanter. The results were challenged in the courts and a new election was held in which Chanter won the seat. There was another by-election in 1965 after Hugh Roberton resigned.

paragraphs: In the 1984 the division was abolished and replaced by the Division of Riverina-Darling. In 1992 the division was re-created.

paragraphs: Originally the division included the Labor-voting mining towns of Broken Hill and Cobar, but these are now in the divisions of Farrer and Parkes. This has made Riverina a safe National Party seat.

paragraphs: Al Grassby was the Minister for Immigration in the Whitlam government.


Chamber


title: Nonverbal learning disorder

paragraphs: A nonverbal learning disorder (or nonverbal learning disability), or NVLD, is a neurological problem. It can cause lower verbal skills, lower motor, social skills and other areas. A person with NVLD also has problems in non-verbal problem solving, understanding humor and rote learning (remembering something by repeating it).

paragraphs: NVLD is linked with autism spectrum disorders, mostly autism or Asperger's. Most people with either high-functioning autism or Asperger fit this actual type. This condition, though, is also tied to depression and anxiety.

paragraphs: Nonverbal learning disabilities affect one in ten learning disabled children.


title: Red snapper

paragraphs: Red snapper ("Lutjanus campechanus") is a fish from the western Atlantic Ocean. They are game fish. They live in the Gulf of Mexico and off the coast of the Southeastern United States. They live as far north as Massachusetts and Rhode Island, though this is far less common.

paragraphs: Some species sold as red snapper may be other fish in the family. The red snapper can be served in various ways for food.


title: Ed Schultz

paragraphs: Edward Schultz (January 27, 1954 – July 5, 2018) was an American television and radio host. His shows are about liberal politics. He had been a conservative before becoming liberal. He hosts "The Ed Show" on MSNBC and "Ed Schultz Show" on the radio.

paragraphs: He was born in Norfolk, Virginia. He hosted at many local stations in Fargo, North Dakota and its nearby areas.

paragraphs: In the 2016 presidential election, Schultz endorsed U.S. Senator Bernie Sanders for President of the United States.

paragraphs: Schultz died on July 5, 2018 in Washington, D.C., aged 64.


title: Corkscrew

paragraphs: A corkscrew is a tool which is used to open wine bottles. It is inserted into the cork and used to pull the cork out of the wine bottle. Corkscrews are needed because the cork cannot be gripped otherwise.

paragraphs: In 1732 an anonymous poem shows just how far a man was willing to go to open a bottle of wine:

paragraphs: With the popularity of wine today, a corkscrew is a common item in kitchens, pubs (bars) and restaurants. It takes between 50 and 100 pounds of force to remove a cork from a wine bottle.

paragraphs: The basic design of a corkscrew is been based on a tool called a gun worm. This was used by a to remove an unfired bullet from a musket's barrel. In the 1800s, many manufacturers that made gun worms also made corkscrews. The first patented corkscrew in England was by Samuel Henshall in 1795. In 1883 a flat, lever-style corkscrew called the waiter's friend was invented in Germany by Karl Wienke. It is commonly used in restaurants today.


title: Ronan Farrow

paragraphs: Ronan Farrow (born Satchel Ronan O'Sullivan Farrow; December 19, 1987) is an American activist. He is the son of actress Mia Farrow. It is not known who his father is - it may be filmmaker Woody Allen or singer Frank Sinatra. He was born in New York City. He has written for "The Guardian", "The Wall Street Journal", and other newspapers.


title: People v. Jackson

paragraphs: People v. Jackson was a 2005 trial against singer Michael Jackson. A 13-year-old boy called Gavin Arvizo accused him of sexual abuse in 2003. Jackson was charged with fourteen offences. These were four counts of molesting a child, four counts of getting a child drunk so that he could molest him, one count of trying to molest a child, and one count of secretly planning (conspiring) to hold the boy and his family captive at his Neverland Ranch. He called the charges “a big lie”. He was found not guilty of all charges. If Jackson was found guilty of all charges he could have been put in prison for 20 years.

paragraphs: On February 3 2003 a documentary called "Living with Michael Jackson" was shown on ITV in the United Kingdom. Three days later it was shown in the United States. In the documentary a British journalist called Martin Bashir asked Jackson questions about his life. In the documentary Jackson's accuser Gavin Arvizo was 12 years old. At one point he is filmed with Jackson. Jackson holds hands with Gavin. Gavin rests his head on Jackson's shoulder. At the trial Gavin said he did this because Jackson was his "best friend". Gavin tells Bashir that he slept in Jackson’s bed with his brother Star while Jackson slept on the floor. Jackson said many children had slept in his bed, including Macaulay Culkin, his brother Kieran, and his sisters.

paragraphs: Gavin later complained that he did not realize that the video was going to be shown all over the world. Janet Arvizo said that she did not say that Bashir could film her son. She did not know that he had been filmed until the show was on TV. After the video was shown he was teased at school about being 'the kid that got raped by Michael Jackson'.

paragraphs: The court and the media called Arvizo "John Doe" until February 2005. Gavin Arvizo was born to David and Janet Arvizo in December 1989. He lived in a small apartment in Los Angeles with his parents, his sister and his brother. In 2000 Arvizo was diagnosed with cancer. Jackson rung him at the hospital. In August 2000 Arvizo stayed at Jackson's home Neverland Ranch for the first time. He slept in Jackson's bed with his brother while Jackson slept on the floor.

paragraphs: Gavin's father, David Arvizo, visited Neverland several times in 2000.

paragraphs: A psychiatrist said that Arvizo was schizophrenic.

paragraphs: Maria Gomez, a maid at Neverland Ranch, said that Gavin's mother Janet encouraged her children to call Jackson "dad".

paragraphs: On November 25 2003 Jackson was arrested. He was released an hour after paying $3 million bail. In an interview with "60 Minutes" he said that he was locked in the toilet for 45 minutes. He showed big bruises on his arm, which he said were caused by handcuffs.

paragraphs: On January 31, 2005 the trial began. Each day Sky One showed a re-enactment of the day's events in the trial, because cameras were not allowed in the courtroom. The first witness that the prosecution called was Martin Bashir. "Living with Michael Jackson" was shown to the jury.

paragraphs: On March 10, 2005 Jackson went to hospital because of a back injury. Jackson went into court an hour and thirty minutes late. He was wearing pyjama pants and slippers. Bill Fallon suggested that Jackson was guilty.

paragraphs: Starr and Janet Arvizo said that they saw Jackson licking Gavin's head on February 7, 2003.

paragraphs: On March 15, Sgt Robel told the court that Arvizo said he had been molested five to seven times but could only describe two of the molestations in detail.

paragraphs: On May 10, 2005 Macaulay Culkin gave evidence. He said that he had slept in Jackson's bed, but had never been molested. Phillip LeMarque, who was a chef at Neverland from 1991 to 1992, said that he saw Jackson with one hand in Culkin's shorts.

paragraphs: On June 13, 2005 Jackson was found not guilty of all charges. Everyone was mad about the decision.

paragraphs: In May 2013 Wade Robson filed a complaint against the Michael Jackson Estate for "childhood sexual abuse". Robson was Jackson's first defense witness for People v. Jackson.


title: Oswiu of Northumbria

paragraphs: Oswiu (–15 February 670), also known as Oswy or , became the King of Bernicia at the death of his brother Oswald. Later he became the King of Northumbria. When Oswiu defeated and killed Penda of Mercia at the Battle of the Winwaed, he became the seventh over the southern English kings. He took the throne of Mercia and appointed his son-in-law Peada (Penda's son) as a client king. Oswiu was one of those rare kings of Northumbria who died of natural causes and not in battle.

paragraphs: Oswiu was born He was a son of King Athelfrith of Bernicia and his second wife Acha of Deira. He was a younger brother of King Oswald of Northumbria. When he was about 6 years old his father was killed in battle by Edwin who became King of Northumbria. Along with his brothers Eanfrith and Oswald and their sister Aebbe, he found safety with the Scots in Dál Riata. The monks of Iona baptized the children and raised them in the Celtic Christian faith.

paragraphs: About 634 Oswiu married Rhiainmelt, daughter of Rhoeth of Rheged, a marriage alliance arranged by his brother King Oswald. He had a son by this marriage, Alfrith of Deira. Rhiainmelt seems to have died as a year later Oswiu was in Ireland with the Dál Riatans. There he was involved with Fina, the daughter of the high King Colman. There is no record they married but they had a son Aldfrith of Northumbria (Irish name "Flann Fína mac Oswiu").

paragraphs: When his brother Oswald was killed in 642, the overlordship died with him. Oswald had been king of a combined Bernicia, Deira and Lindsey (kingdom). But Northumbria was divided back into its earlier weaker sub-kingdoms. Penda, now the most powerful king in England took Lindsey. Oswiu became King of Bernicia. Oswine claimed Deira, preventing Oswiu from keeping it with Bernicia. A year after it happened Oswiu recovered his brother's body from the battlefield where he died. Oswiu had Oswald's remains buried at Bardney in Lindsey.

paragraphs: Oswiu invaded Deira in 651 seeking to reunite Deira with Bernicia. Oswine was betrayed by one of his own noblemen and was murdered in 651 on Oswiu's orders. But the Deirans chose Athelwald, Oswiu's nephew, as their king. Athelwald then aligned himself with Oswiu's enemy, Penda. Deira was under the protection of Mercia for the next three years. But Penda was determined to defeat Oswiu and take Bernicia as well. In 654 Penda raised a large army of some thirty 'legions'. According to Bede, Penda attacked Oswiu several times. With a much smaller force Oswiu attacked Penda's army near the banks of the River Winwaed. Most of the commanders of the thirty legions were killed including King Anna of East Anglia and Penda. From this time Oswiu became the or overlord over all the southern English people including Mercia. Mercia was then divided. North of the River Trent was controlled directly by Oswiu. He made Peada of Mercia, Penda's son, king over the part of Mercia south of the Trent. Peada had married Oswiu's daughter, Alflaed. Peada was murdered five months later by Alflaed, possibly on Oswiu's orders. Mercians rebelled against Oswiu and Peada's brother Wulfhere became king of Mercia.

paragraphs: When Oswiu and Eanflaed were married, he was raised in the Celtic church while she was raised in the Roman church. The main difference was how each calculated the date of Easter. Members of the Celtic church might be celebrating Easter while the Roman church was celebrating Lent. In 658 his son Alfrith, who now supported the Roman Church, replaced several of his Celtic church officials with those from the Roman church.

paragraphs: To resolve the differences between the two religions in his kingdom, Oswiu called for a in 664. Called the Synod of Whitby it was to decide on when to celebrate Easter and what rules the monasteries in Northumbria would follow. Members of the church were summoned from all over the north. The Roman position was given by Wilfrid who would afterwards become Bishop of Northumbria. Bishop Colmán argued for the Ionan calculation of Easter given them by Columba, founder of their order. Oswiu made the decision in favor of the Roman practice, uniting Northumbria under one religion. It joined Northumbrian religious practices to those of the southern English.

paragraphs: Bede, in his "Ecclesiastical History", Book IV, chapter 5 gives the date of Oswiu's death as 15 February, 670 and his age at 58. His wife Eanflaed retired to the monastery at Whitby. This is where their daughter, also named Enflaed, was brought up. In 680 Enflaed and her daughter became joint abbesses at Whitby. Enflaed died .

paragraphs: Based on Nennius' "Historia Brittonum" Oswiu's first wife was a Briton named Reinmelth. She was the daughter of Royth, King of Rheged. Together they had a son:

paragraphs: By Fina, daughter of the Irish High King Coleman, he had:

paragraphs: Oswiu married Eanflaed, daughter of King Edwin of Deira. Together they had:


title: John Button

paragraphs: John Button (27 July 1943 – 12 January 2014) was an English Rallycross driver. He was also the father of 2009 Formula One World Champion Jenson Button. His best overall results were both in 1976. He finished second in the Embassy/RAC-MSA British Rallycross and TEAC/Lydden Rallycross championships that year.

paragraphs: Button was born in London. He died at his home in the south of France on 12 January 2014. It was suspected to be a heart attack. He was aged 70.


title: Chris Elliott

paragraphs: Christopher Nash "Chris" Elliott (born May 31, 1960) is an American actor, comedian, author, screenwriter, and television director. He is known for his roles in "Cabin Boy", "There's Something About Mary", "Scary Movie 2", and in "Groundhog Day".


title: Division of Robertson

paragraphs: The Division of Robertson is an Australian electoral division in the state of New South Wales. It was one of the 75 divisions set up for the first federal election in 1901. It was named after Sir John Robertson, the fifth Premier of New South Wales.

paragraphs: The division is located on the coast north of the Hawkesbury River. It includes the towns of Woy Woy, Gosford and Terrigal.

paragraphs: Roger Dean resigned in 1964 to become the Administrator of the Northern Territory. Barry Cohen was the Minister for Home Affairs and the Environment from 1983 to 1984 and then Minister for Arts, Heritage and the Environment until 1987 in the Hawke government.


title: Bob Elliott

paragraphs: Robert Brackett "Bob" Elliott (March 26, 1923 – February 2, 2016) was an American actor and comedian. He was known for acting in the comedy duo of Bob and Ray. He is the father of comedian/actor Chris Elliott and the grandfather of former "Saturday Night Live" cast member Abby Elliott.

paragraphs: Elliott was born on March 26, 1923 in Boston, Massachusetts. He died at his home in Cundy Harbor, Maine from throat cancer on February 2, 2016 at the age of 92.


title: Scary Movie

paragraphs: Scary Movie is an American comedy movie. It is a parody of a horror movie. It is directed by Keenan Ivory Wayans. It stars Anna Faris, Jon Abrahams, Shannon Elizabeth, Regina Hall, Marlon Wayans, Shawn Wayans and Carmen Electra. It was released to mixed reviews on July 7, 2000. It was followed by four sequels: Scary Movie 2, Scary Movie 3, Scary Movie 4 and Scary Movie 5.


title: Mishon Ratliff

paragraphs: Mishon Ratliff (born February 3, 1993), also simply called Mishon, is an American singer, dancer and actor. Ratliff is best known for his role as Taylor "Tay" Sutton on the ABC Family television series "Lincoln Heights". He has appeared on music television broadcast such as "Soul Train", "America's Most Talented Kid", "The Mo'Nique Show" and "106 & Park". As well as being an actor, Mishon is a musician who plays the keyboard and both acoustic and electric guitar.


title: Juan Gelman

paragraphs: Juan Gelman (3 May 1930 - 14 January 2014) was an Argentine poet of Jewish descent. He published more than twenty books of poetry. He began publishing in 1956. He won the Cervantes Prize in 2007.

paragraphs: Gelman died on 14 January 2014 in Mexico City from heart failure. He was aged 83.


title: Sammy Lee (diver)

paragraphs: Dr. Samuel "Sammy" Lee (August 1, 1920 – December 2, 2016) was an Korean-American diver. He was the first Asian-American to win an Olympic gold medal for the United States in 1948.

paragraphs: Lee was born in Fresno, California. He was raised in San Francisco, California. Lee studied at the Occidental College in Los Angeles and studied briefly at the University of Southern California.

paragraphs: He was also the first man to win gold medals "back-to-back" in Olympic platform diving. This means he won a second gold medal for the same event in the next Olympics, in 1952.

paragraphs: Lee, who suffered from dementia and heart disease, died of complications from pneumonia on December 2, 2016 at his home in Newport Beach, California, aged 96.


title: About Time (movie)

paragraphs: About Time is a romantic drama movie. It is about a man, played by Domhnall Gleeson, who can time travel. It is set in Cornwall and London. Rachel McAdams plays Mary, and Margot Robbie plays Charlotte. The movie was rated R by MPAA mostly for profanity.

paragraphs: "About Time" was released in the United Kingdom on September 4, 2013 and the United States on November 1, 2013.


title: Inside Llewyn Davis

paragraphs: Inside Llewyn Davis is a comedy-drama movie. It is about the title character living life in the 1960s in New York City. Carey Mulligan plays Jean, John Goodman plays Roland. This movie was rated R for profanity and sexual references.

paragraphs: The movie was released December 6, 2013 in limited, January 10, 2014 elsewhere.


title: Other People's Money

paragraphs: Other People's Money is a 1991 American romantic comedy-drama movie. The movie is about a successful corporate raider, Lawrence Garfield, who has become rich buying companies and selling their assets. Garfield has just decided on New England Wire and Cable as his next focus. The company is run by Andrew Jorgensen. Danny DeVito plays the raider, Lawrence Garfield. Piper Laurie plays Bea Sullivan. Penelope Ann Miller plays the lawyer Kate. The movie was released by Warner Bros.

paragraphs: It was released October 18, 1991. Reviews were mixed.


title: Hello I Must Be Going

paragraphs: Hello I Must be Going is a 2012 romantic comedy and drama movie. This movie is about problems with a family in Connecticut that force a very young woman to move back to live with her parents. Blythe Danner plays Ruth, Melanie Lynskey plays Amy. The movie was rated R for profanity by the Motion Picture Association of America.

paragraphs: This was released in September 2012 in the United States.


title: Division of Sydney

paragraphs: The Division of Sydney is an Australian electoral division in the state of New South Wales. It is named for Sydney, which itself was named after former British Home Secretary Thomas Townshend, 1st Viscount Sydney. It was set up for the 1969 election to replace the old Division of East Sydney and Division of West Sydney.

paragraphs: The division is located around Sydney, and includes the suburbs of Alexandria, Balmain, Beaconsfield, Birchgrove, Broadway, Chippendale, Darlington, Erskineville, Forest Lodge, Glebe, Haymarket, Millers Point, Pyrmont, Redfern, Rosebery, Surry Hills, The Rocks, Ultimo, Waterloo, Zetland and parts of Annandale, Camperdown, Newtown, and Rozelle. The islands in Port Jackson from Spectacle Island to the Sydney Heads are included as well as Lord Howe Island in the Tasman.

paragraphs: Tanya Plibersek served in both the Rudd and Gillard governments as Minister for Health, Minister for Human Services and Minister for Housing. She has been Deputy Leader of the Opposition and Deputy Leader of the Labor Party since 2013.


title: Anu

paragraphs: In Sumerian mythology, Anu (also An) was a sky-god. He was the god of heaven, lord of constellations, and king of the gods, spirits and demons. He lived in the highest heavenly regions. People believed that he could judge people who had committed crimes. His attendant and minister of state was the god Ilabrat.

paragraphs: He was one of the oldest gods in the Sumerian religion. He was a part of a triad with Enlil (god of the air) and Enki (god of water). He was called Anu by the Akkadians in Babylonian culture.


title: Just a Girl

paragraphs: "Just a Girl" is a popular song by No Doubt. It was released in 1995. The song peaked at #23 on the "Billboard" Hot 100 around the United States. This helped No Doubt get into the mainstream music.

paragraphs: The single was released in the United Kingdom in 1996. It reached only #38. When "Don't Speak" was released, however, "Just a Girl" was released again and peaked at #3.

paragraphs: The song was featured in two movies in the 1990s.


title: Spiderwebs

paragraphs: "Spiderwebs" is a pop rock song by No Doubt. The lyrics are about a man who keeps calling Gwen and reciting bad poetry to her. It was released as a single in 1995. On the record charts it peaked near #5 three weeks after release.

paragraphs: Two separate music videos were made. One had exploding telephones. The other was set in a Japanese restaurant. Music Television (MTV) thought the telephone explosions were not good for young viewers to see, so they added more footage of the band.


title: Don't Speak

paragraphs: "Don't Speak" is a popular song by No Doubt. The lyrics are about heartache, pain and trouble in relationships. It was released as a single in 1995. The single did not chart on the "Billboard" Hot 100 (rules at the time required that a commercial single were released, one was not issued on the song). It did, however, reach #1 on Hot 100 Airplay for 16 weeks. The song also hit #1 in United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, the Netherlands and New Zealand.

paragraphs: This was the most successful international song from the group.


title: Al Suomi

paragraphs: Albert William Suomi (October 29, 1913 – September 23, 2014) was an American retired professional ice hockey player. He played as a left winger. He played a total of five games in the National Hockey League (NHL) with the Chicago Black Hawks during the 1936-37 season.

paragraphs: He played his final season in professional hockey with the Chicago Hornets of the Arena Hockey League. He retired in 1937. Since retiring, Suomi started a hardware store called "Al's Hardware" in Countryside, Illinois. This is now run by his children. He is currently the oldest living former NHL player since Louis Holmes died in March 2010.


title: Allison Williams

paragraphs: Allison Williams (born April 13, 1988) is an American actress and comedian. She plays Marnie Michaels in the television drama "Girls". She plays Jillian in "The Mindy Project".

paragraphs: Allison Williams was born in New Canaan, Connecticut. Sources claim either 1987 or 1988 as her year of birth.


title: Agent Orange (band)

paragraphs: Agent Orange is an American punk rock band. They are from Orange County, California. The band became well known after the release of their song "Bloodstains". This was released on their first extended play "Bloodstains 7" E.P." The song was featured in the video game "Tony Hawk's Pro Skater 4" in 2002. Their song "Bored of You" was featured on the Channel X radio station in the video game "Grand Theft Auto V" (2013).


title: Willow Smith

paragraphs: Willow Camille Reign Smith (born October 31, 2000) is an American actress and singer. She is the daughter of actors Will Smith and Jada Pinkett Smith. She began acting in 2007 in the movie "I Am Legend". She released her first single "Whip My Hair" in 2010. She released a single with Nicki Minaj in 2011.


title: Criminal law

paragraphs: Criminal law is the part of law that is about social norms. People who violate these norms are punished for their violation. It is different from civil law. Criminal law wants to protect certain values, such as life and limb, or property.


title: Emmalyn Estrada

paragraphs: Emmalyn Estrada (born April 5, 1992) is a Canadian pop/R&B singer-songwriter, dancer, actress and musician. She sang hit songs such as "Get Down" in 2009.

paragraphs: Estrada was born in Vancouver, British Columbia. She is of Filipino descent.


title: Loan shark

paragraphs: A loan shark is a person that sells loans with very high interest rates. People go to loan sharks for many reasons. It is often because no one else will lend them money. Loan sharks tend to ask for something beforehand, like someone's passport. Loan sharks are often illegal.

paragraphs: Loan sharks are called 'loan sharks' because they are like sharks; aggressive, angry, and greedy. They can do many illegal things to just get repayment, like kidnapping or even killing.


title: Thomas Mesereau

paragraphs: Thomas Arthur Mesereau, Jr. (born 1950) is an American lawyer. He is best known for defending Michael Jackson in his child molestation trial during 2005. He works with another lawyer called Susan Yu. Mesereau lives in Los Angeles.

paragraphs: Mesereau started a free legal clinic in the Morningside United Church of Christ in Los Angeles. He wrote the foreword for Aphrodite Jones' book "Michael Jackson Conspiracy" (2007).

paragraphs: In 2005 the magazine "GQ" put him on their list of "Men of the Year".


title: Free University of Berlin

paragraphs: The Freie Universität Berlin ("Free University of Berlin", often abbreviated as "FU Berlin") is a university in Berlin. It is known for its research in the humanities and social sciences, as well as in the field of natural and life sciences.

paragraphs: The university was founded in Berlin-Dahlem, a district in the south west of Berlin during the time of the Cold War in 1948. Today, the university has three bigger campuses: the main campus Dahlem, the "Campus Düppel" with animal clinics and other institutes related to veterinary medicine and the "Geocampus" in Lankwitz, which is home to the "Department of Earth Sciences". The medical department of the FU Berlin is part of the "Charité - University Medicine Berlin", a joint institution with the Humboldt University.

paragraphs: The university library has a total of about 8.5 million volumes and is the biggest university library system in Germany. Freie Universität has over 400 partner universities all over the world, many of them through the "ERASMUS programme". According to various international rankings, Freie Universität is one of the best universities in Germany. In 2007 (and 2012 again), the Freie Universität was one of eleven universities to be successful in the "German Excellence Initiative", a national competition by the German government. University alumni include five Nobel Prize winners and 15 winners of the national Leibniz Prize.

paragraphs: Freie Universität offers over 150 different subjects in 12 departments and three central institutes:

paragraphs: The "Botanical Garden" with over 22,000 different kinds of plants is one of the biggest in the world.


title: Shmuley Boteach

paragraphs: Shmuel "Shmuley" Boteach (born November 19, 1966 in Los Angeles) is an American Orthodox rabbi, politician and writer. He hosted a reality television series called "Shalom in the Home" on the TLC network.

paragraphs: Boteach ran for the U.S. House of Representatives in the 2012 elections. He received the support of then-House Majority Leader Eric Cantor in April. Boteach won the Republican primary for New Jersey's 9th congressional district seat on June 5, and lost to 8th District Representative Bill Pascrell in the November election, by a margin of 73.6% to 25.4%.

paragraphs: Boteach is married to Debbie Boteach. He became friends with Michael Jackson in the 1990s. He was Jackson's Rabbi for two years.


title: Gloria Allred

paragraphs: Gloria Rachel Allred (born July 3, 1941) is an American civil rights lawyer. She was born to a Jewish family. She is a feminist. Her book "Fight Back and Win: My Thirty-Year Fight Against Injustice and How You Can Win Your Own Battles" was published in 2007. Her daughter, Lisa Bloom, is also a lawyer.

paragraphs: Allred was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.


title: Miami cannibal attack

paragraphs: The Miami cannibal attack happened on May 26, 2012. Rudy Eugene assaulted Ronald Poppo, a homeless man on the MacArthur Causeway in Miami, Florida. Eugene bit off most of Poppo's face above his beard. The attack ended when Eugene was shot by a police officer. It is not known why the attack happened.


title: Vesper bat

paragraphs: The Vesper bat is a species of bat belonging to the Microchiroptera family. It is the largest and most well-known species belonging to that family. The bats can be found in different parts of all continents except Antarctica. They are thought to have originally come from somewhere in North America.

paragraphs: The Vesper bat can range from in length. They have brown or grey colored fur. Like most bats, the Vesper bat relies on echolocation to navigate in flight, and find its prey. This is very useful because they cannot see, and live in caves or other dark, empty, damp areas.


title: A Time for Choosing

paragraphs: A Time for Choosing (also called The Speech) was a speech made by Ronald Reagan in 1964 in Los Angeles. It was given during the campaign for the 1964 United States presidential election. He gave the speech on behalf of Republican candidate Barry Goldwater. Soon afterward, Reagan was asked to run for Governor of California.


title: Reagan Doctrine

paragraphs: The Reagan Doctrine was a document by the United States under the Reagan Administration. It was about being against the global influence of the Soviet Union during the final years of the Cold War. The doctrine lasted for less than a decade, it was the most important document of United States foreign policy from the early 1980s until the end of the Cold War in 1991.


title: Jack Reagan

paragraphs: John Edward "Jack" Reagan (July 13, 1883 – May 18, 1941) was the father of United States President Ronald Reagan and his older brother Neil "Moon" Reagan. He was married to Nelle Wilson Reagan from 1904 until his death in 1941.


title: Neil Reagan

paragraphs: John Neil Reagan (September 16, 1908 – December 11, 1996) was an American business executive. He was the manager of a radio station. He was also a senior producer at CBS and senior vice president of McCann Erickson. He was the older brother of Ronald Reagan.


title: Nelle Wilson Reagan

paragraphs: Nelle Clyde Wilson Reagan (July 24, 1883 – July 25, 1962) was the mother of United States President Ronald Reagan and his older brother Neil "Moon" Reagan.

paragraphs: Nelle was of Scots-English ancestry. She met Jack Reagan in a farming town on the prairie of Illinois. The two were married in Fulton in November 1904. They had two children: Neil and Ronald Reagan. After the birth of her second son, Nelle was told not to have any more children. The Reagan family moved from Tampico to Chicago and many small towns in Illinois. Where they lived depended on where Jack was working.

paragraphs: Nelle died from complications of Alzheimer's disease. She died on July 25, 1962, aged 79. Her son, Ronald, would die of the same disease.


title: Martha Coakley

paragraphs: Martha Mary Coakley (born July 14, 1953) is the Attorney General of Massachusetts. Before that, she was the District Attorney for Middlesex County, Massachusetts (1999-2007). She is a Democrat.

paragraphs: In 2010, Coakley was the Democratic nominee for the United States Senate in the special election to replace Ted Kennedy following his death, but lost to Republican Scott Brown.

paragraphs: Coakley was born in Pittsfield, Massachusetts.


title: Attorney general

paragraphs: An attorney general is the main legal advisor for governments. In some areas, he or she might be also in charge of law enforcement and public prosecutions.

paragraphs: In United Kingdom, attorneys general are called Law Officers of the Crown.


title: District attorney

paragraphs: In most areas of the United States, a district attorney is the elected or appointed official that prosecutes (makes a case against) criminal offenses.

paragraphs: In the United Kingdom, district attorneys are called Crown Prosecutors.


title: Adolf Dassler

paragraphs: Adolf "Adi" Dassler (3 November 1900 – 6 September 1978) was a German businessman and entrepreneur. He was born in Herzogenaurach. He started the sportswear company Adidas.


title: Yegor Ligachev

paragraphs: Yegor Kuzmich Ligachev (, born 29 November 1920) is a Soviet politician. He was a high-ranking official in the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU). He was the Second Secretary of the Party when Mikhail Gorbachev was serving as General Secretary.

paragraphs: Ligachev was born on 29 November 1920 in Dubinkino. It is close to Novosibirsk.


title: South African Defence Force

paragraphs: The South African Defence Force (SADF) was the name of the South African military from 1957 to 1994. It replaced the Union Defence Force (UDF) in 1957. The SADF, in turn, was replaced by the South African National Defence Force (SANDF) in 1994.

paragraphs: The South African Defence Force had four branches: the South African Army, the South African Navy, the South African Air Force, and, the South African Medical Service.

paragraphs: The SADF implemented conscription of white South Africans. However, black, Indian, and Coloured South Africans could serve in the SADF as volunteers.

paragraphs: Within South Africa, the SADF was used to suppress opposition to apartheid, often directly supporting the South African Police. South African military units were also involved in the Angolan Civil War an the side of the National Union for the Total Independence of Angola (UNITA) and Angolan rebel leader Jonas Savimbi. The SADF was also deployed during the related South African border and Namibian independence wars.

paragraphs: South Africa was the only country in Africa to have nuclear weapons, but these weapons were destroyed by the South African government during the transition to democracy. South Africa has not built nuclear weapons since.

paragraphs: With the a multiracial democracy introduced to South Africa in 1994, the SADF was merged with the defence forces of several formerly "independent" homelands, as well as the ANC's Umkhonto we Sizwe (Spear of the Nation), the PAC's Azanian People's Liberation Army (APLA), and the self-protection units of the Inkatha Freedom Party (IPA). The new South African military became known as the South African National Defence Force.


title: Joanna Lumley

paragraphs: Joanna Lumley (born 1 May 1946) is an English former model and actress. She played Charlotte in the movie "Late Bloomers". She also played Mary Smiling in "Cold Comfort Farm". She has acted more often on television than in movies. Her best known acting role is Patsy Stone in the BBC sitcom Absolutely Fabulous.

paragraphs: Lumley was born to British parents in British India. She was raised in Kent, England.


title: Katarina Čas

paragraphs: Katarina Čas (born September 23, 1976) is a Slovenian actress. She played Sophie in the movie "Imagine" (2014). She played Gabriela in the comedy movie "The Guard" (2011).

paragraphs: Čas was born in the former Republic of Yugoslavia.


title: Jon Bing

paragraphs: Jon Bing (30 April 1944 – 15 January 2014) was a Norwegian writer and law professor. He was a professor at the Norwegian Research Center for Computers and Law (NRCCL), and the Faculty of Law at the University of Oslo.

paragraphs: Bing was born on 30 April 1944 in Tønsberg. He died on 15 January 2014, at the age of 69, in Oslo. He died from a stroke.


title: Dominique McElligott

paragraphs: Dominique McElligott (5 October 1986) is an Irish actress. She appears in mostly independent movies. She played Joy Dietz in "Not Fade Away". She also played Emily in "Dark Floors".


title: Ivar Giaever

paragraphs: Ivar Giaever (; born April 5, 1929) is a Norwegian-American physicist. He shared the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1973 with Leo Esaki and Brian Josephson. They were awarded it for their discoveries about the tunnelling phenomena in solids. He is a professor at the University of Oslo.


title: Duke Cunningham

paragraphs: Randall "Duke" Cunningham (born December 8, 1941) is a former member of the United States House of Representatives. He served the 50th Congressional District of California from 1991 to 2005 as a Republican. He is also used to work in the United States Navy.

paragraphs: Scandals ended his political career. Duke Cunningham pleaded guilty to tax evasion, conspiracy to commit bribery and other charges. He was then sentenced to prison in Tucson, Arizona. He was released from prison in February 2013. He then moved to New Orleans to spend time inside a halfway house.


title: Justin Trudeau

paragraphs: Justin Pierre James Trudeau (born December 25, 1971) is a Canadian politician. He is the 23rd and current Prime Minister of Canada. He is also the leader of the Liberal Party of Canada. He was elected leader on April 14, 2013. After leading his party to a majority government win in the 2015 federal election, Trudeau became the Prime Minister.

paragraphs: Trudeau is the eldest son of former Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau. He is the second child in Canadian history to be born while one of his parents was prime minister; the first was John A. Macdonald's youngest daughter Margaret Mary Macdonald.

paragraphs: Trudeau earned a Bachelor of Arts degree in literature from McGill University and a Bachelor of Education degree from the University of British Columbia. After he graduated, Trudeau worked as a social studies and French teacher. He taught at West Point Grey Academy and Sir Winston Churchill Secondary School in Vancouver, British Columbia.

paragraphs: On March 12, 2020, Trudeau and his wife Sophie Grégoire Trudeau isolated themselves, after she showed flu-like symptoms during the 2019–20 coronavirus pandemic. The Prime Minister's Office announced later that day that she had tested positive for COVID-19.

paragraphs: Trudeau was elected for the first time in the 2008 federal election. He was the nominee for the Liberal Party in the electoral area of Papineau. He won more votes than the incumbent, Vivian Barbot of the Bloc Québécois.

paragraphs: On October 19, 2015, Trudeau and the Liberals won the most seats in the federal election. This was after one of the longest campaigns in over 100 years. The Liberals won 184 of the 338 seats in the House of Commons and 39.5% of the total vote. Because of this, they formed a majority government. Their seat count went up by 150 compared to the 2011 federal election.

paragraphs: The results were the second-best in the history of the Liberal Party. They did very well in the eastern half of Canada. They won all of the seats in Atlantic Canada and Toronto and won 40 seats in Quebec. In Quebec, they won the most seats since Pierre Trudeau's win in the 1980 election. It was also the first time since 1980 that the Liberals won more than half the seats in Quebec. The 150 seat gain was the biggest gain for any party in an election since Canadian Confederation. It was also the first time that a party went from third place in seat count to a majority government.

paragraphs: Trudeau and the Cabinet he chose were sworn in by the Governor General David Johnston on November 4, 2015.

paragraphs: Trudeau visited the Governor General, Julie Payette on September 11, 2019. This was to ask that Parliament be dissolved and new elections would begin.

paragraphs: Trudeau first met his wife, Sophie Grégoire, when they were both children growing up in Montreal. Grégoire was a friend of Trudeau's brother, Michel. He married her on May 28, 2005 in a Catholic wedding at the Sainte-Madeleine d'Outremont Church in Montreal. They have three children together: a son, Xavier James Trudeau (born October 18, 2007), a daughter, Ella-Grace Margaret Trudeau (born February 5, 2009), and another son, Hadrien Grégoire Trudeau (born February 28, 2014).


title: Nguyen Van Nhung

paragraphs: Major Nguyễn Văn Nhung (1919 or 1920 - 31 January 1964) was an officer in the Army of the Republic of Vietnam. He was also a professional killer.

paragraphs: He joined the French Army in 1944. This was when Vietnam was still ruled by France. During the First Indochina War, he left the French Army and joined Vietnamese National Army, which was supported by France. After the Republic of Vietnam was formed, he became a soilder of the Army of the Republic of Vietnam. In November 1963, he killed President Ngo Dinh Diem and his brother.


title: Jennifer Nettles

paragraphs: Jennifer Odessa Nettles (born September 12, 1974) is an American country musician. She is the lead singer of the country group Sugarland. Nettles' first solo album, "That Girl", was released on January 14, 2014.


title: Homology (mathematics)

paragraphs: In mathematics, homology is a certain procedure to associate a sequence of abelian groups or modules with a mathematical object, such as a topological space or a group. The word homology has the Ancient Greek root "homos", which means "identical".

paragraphs: For a topological space, the homology groups are generally much easier to compute than the homotopy groups, and consequently one usually will have an easier time working with homology to help with the classification of spaces.

paragraphs: The original motivation for defining homology groups is the observation that shapes are distinguished by their "holes". Since a "hole" is defined by something that is "not there", this poses the problem of how to define what a hole is, and how to distinguish between different kinds of holes. Homology is a rigorous mathematical method for defining and categorizing holes in a shape. As it turns out, there are some kinds of holes that homology cannot "see" — in which case homotopy groups may be what is needed.


title: Sue Ane Langdon

paragraphs: Sue Ane Langdon (previously Sue Lookhoff; born 8 March 1936) is a retired American actress.

paragraphs: She began her career with singing and theatre. On the television series "Perry Mason", she played Rowena Leach. She also acted in lots of movies. Her character was Opal Ann in the 1970 movie "The Cheyenne Social Club".

paragraphs: Langdon was born in Paterson, New Jersey.


title: Ellen Corby

paragraphs: Ellen Hansen Corby (June 3, 1911 — April 14, 1999) was an American actress. Her most famous role was Grandma Esther Walton in the television drama "The Waltons". She played that role from 1972 to 1980. She received three Emmy Awards for it.

paragraphs: Corby was born in Racine, Wisconsin. She grew up in Philadelphia. She suffered a stroke in November 1976. She died 23 years after the stroke in Los Angeles, California.


title: Chantico

paragraphs: Chantico was the Aztec goddess of both pain and pleasure. She is also the goddess of the family hearth, the home and volcanoes. According to Aztec myths she brings wealth and stability to the home. Chantico protects the home from thieves and losing things. She is sometimes shown wearing a crown of cactus spikes and red snakes. She is the 'Lady of the chili pepper' and is sometimes shown with one or two pods of red chilies.

paragraphs: The meaning of her name is 'in the house', meaning she lives in the house. According to one myth she was changed into a dog and another name for her was Quaxolotl.


title: The Unsinkable Molly Brown

paragraphs: The Unsinkable Molly Brown is a musical drama movie from 1964. It is about the title character (originally Margaret Brown) who survived the sinking of the RMS "Titanic" in 1912. Debbie Reynolds plays Molly Brown.

paragraphs: The movie received good reviews. It received several Academy Award nominations. It was released in the United States in June 1964.


title: Hermione Baddeley

paragraphs: Hermione Baddeley (13 November 1906 — 19 August 1986) was an English character actress. She played Mrs. Worth in "The Happiest Millionaire" in 1967. Three years before that, she played Ellen in the 1964 musical "Mary Poppins", which won several Academy Awards. She played Madame Adelaide in "The Aristocats".

paragraphs: Baddeley was born in Broseley, Shropshire, England. She died at age 79 in Los Angeles after suffering several strokes.


title: Trial of Conrad Murray

paragraphs: The trial of Conrad Murray (People of the State of California v. Conrad Robert Murray) was the American criminal trial of Michael Jackson's personal physician, Conrad Murray. Murray was charged with the involuntary manslaughter of the pop star for giving him an overdose of propofol. The trial started on September 27, 2011 at Los Angeles County Superior Court. In November 2011, the jury found Murray guilty. Murray was sentenced to four years in jail. In October 2013 Murray was released two years early. This was of California prison overcrowding, plus good behavior. After Murray was released from jail he was on "60 Minutes". He said that Jackson killed himself.


title: 3rd century BC

paragraphs: The 3rd century BC started the first day of 300 BC and ended the last day of 201 BC.


title: Dave Lee Travis

paragraphs: Dave Lee Travis (born 25 May 1945), also known as DLT, is a British radio and television presenter. He was born in Buxton, Derbyshire. He started being a presenter for BBC Radio 1 in 1967. From 1981 to 2001, Travis presented "A Jolly Good Show".

paragraphs: Travis married his wife Marianne in 1971. He said he has cheated on her "once or twice".

paragraphs: Travis was arrested on 15 November 2012 as part of Operation Yewtree, an investigation into sexual abuse by Jimmy Savile and other people. Travis is currently on trial for 14 counts of indecent assault and one count of sexual assault. He has pleaded not guilty to all charges. Travis told police that if he had known Savile was a pedophile he would have reported him. Travis was cleared of all but two charges on 13 February 2014. He was retried on those two charges and another charge. On 23 September 2014, he was convicted of one count of indecent assault.


title: Hebron

paragraphs: Hebron is a Palestinian city south of Jerusalem. It is in the Judaean Mountains, 930 meters (3,050 ft) above sea level. It is the largest city in the West Bank, and the second largest in the Palestinian territories after Gaza. There are about 215,000 people living in Hebron (2016).

paragraphs: Hebron is divided into two parts: H1, controlled by the Palestinian National Authority, and H2, about 20% of the city, controlled by Israel.

paragraphs: The city is famous as the traditional burial site of the Biblical Patriarchs and Matriarchs. This makes it a very important city in Judaism. It is also very important to Muslims because of its connections with Abraham.

paragraphs: Hebron is important to the economy of the area due to the sale of marble from quarries. It is known for its grapes, figs, limestone, pottery workshops and glassblowing factories. It is also the location of the major dairy-product maker, "al-Junaidi". The old city of Hebron has narrow, winding streets, flat-roofed stone houses, and old bazaars. The city is home to Hebron University and the Palestine Polytechnic University. It has no cinemas or places of entertainment.


title: Guy Ourisson

paragraphs: Guy Henry Ourisson (March 26, 1926 – November 4, 2006) was a French chemist. He was vice president and later president of the Academy of Sciences.

paragraphs: In 1952 he got a PhD from Harvard University. In 1954, he got a doctorate in physics from the Sorbonne under the direction of G. Dupont. At the University of Strasbourg, he was appointed as a lecturer in 1955, professor in 1958. He became a retired professor in 1995.


title: Abraham Cressy Morrison

paragraphs: Abraham Cressy Morrison (1888-1951) was an American chemist. He was President of the New York Academy of Sciences.

paragraphs: He was known to his close friends as "Cressy". His wife was the former Marguerite Snow of New York. He loved to fish and entertain at their summer home on Deer Isle, south of Bangor, Maine.

paragraphs: Morrison published a book called "Man in a Chemical World: The Service of Chemical Industry" (New York: Scribner's Sons, 1937). It is a work on science for the general reader. He is better known for his book "Man Does Not Stand Alone", which was published in 1944. His largest work was "The Baking Powder Controversy" (New York: American Baking Powder Association, 1904–07). This is a work in two volumes on the history of the baking powder industry in the U.S.


title: Hybrid plasmid

paragraphs: A hybrid plasmid is a plasmid that contains an inserted piece of foreign DNA.


title: Zeatin

paragraphs: Zeatin is a plant hormone taken from adenine. It is most commonly found in coconut milk and young corn seeds.

paragraphs: Zeatin and multiple other hormones in its family are known to make plants grow faster. The hormone is used to start seed growth in young plants. It is also used in many anti-aging formulae.


title: Megan Charpentier

paragraphs: Megan Charpentier (born May 26, 2001) is an American and Canadian actress. She was born in California. She grew up in Canada.

paragraphs: She appears as young Valerie in the 2011 movie "Red Riding Hood".

paragraphs: Megan plays a girl named Chrystal, who can hear a cat talk in the movie "Grumpy Cat's Worst Christmas Ever". The movie was first shown on Lifetime television on November 29, 2014.


title: Mama (movie)

paragraphs: Mama is a 2013 Spanish supernatural horror movie directed by Andy Muschietti. It is about two young girls abandoned in a forest cabin. The two girls, Victoria and Lilly, have different personality traits from one another. The story begins during the 2008 financial crisis and continues to 2013.

paragraphs: The movie got good reviews from critics. It became successful in the box office.


title: Russell Johnson

paragraphs: Russell David Johnson (November 10, 1924 – January 16, 2014) was an American television and movie actor. He was best known as "The Professor" on the CBS television sitcom "Gilligan's Island".

paragraphs: Johnson died at his home in Bainbridge Island, Washington on January 16, 2014. He died from kidney failure. He was 89 years old.


title: Dave Madden

paragraphs: David Joseph "Dave" Madden (December 17, 1931 - January 16, 2014) was a Canadian-American actor. He was known for his role as Reuben Kincaid on "The Partridge Family".

paragraphs: Madden died on January 16, 2014 in Jacksonville, Florida. He died from complications of myelodysplastic syndrome. He was aged 82.


title: Roger Lloyd-Pack

paragraphs: Roger Lloyd-Pack (8 February 1944 – 15 January 2014) was an English actor. He was best known for his roles as Trigger in the television shows "Only Fools and Horses", "The Vicar of Dibley" and "The Old Guys", and his role in the movie "Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire".

paragraphs: Lloyd-Pack died from pancreatic cancer on 15 January 2014. He died at his home in Kentish Town. He was aged 69.


title: William Baumol

paragraphs: William Jack Baumol (February 26, 1922 – May 4, 2017) was an American economist. He was a professor of economics at New York University. He was also a retired professor at Princeton University. Baumol has written many books about labor market and other issues that affect the economy.

paragraphs: Baumol died on May 4, 2017 in New York City at the age of 95.


title: Tor Åge Bringsværd

paragraphs: Tor Åge Bringsværd (born 16 November 1939 in Skien) is an Norwegian author, playwright, editor and translator. He is perhaps best known for his speculative fiction. Together with Jon Bing, he is also considered the first Norwegian author to write science fiction books. He and Bing have been partners for a long time.


title: Nils Christie

paragraphs: Nils Christie (February 24, 1928 – May 27, 2015) was a Norwegian sociologist and criminologist. He was a professor of criminology at the Faculty of Law, University of Oslo since 1966. Among his books is "Pinens begrensning" from 1981. This has been translated into eleven languages.


title: Fredrik Barth

paragraphs: Thomas Fredrik Weybye Barth (22 December 1928 – 24 January 2016) is a Norwegian social anthropologist. He has published several ethnographic books with a clear formalistic view. He was born in Leipzig.

paragraphs: He was a professor in the Department of Anthropology at Boston University. He has previously been a professor at the University of Oslo, the University of Bergen, Emory University and Harvard University. He started the Department of Social Anthropology at the University of Bergen.

paragraphs: Barth died in Oslo, Norway on 24 January 2016 at the age of 87.


title: Clifford Geertz

paragraphs: Clifford James Geertz (August 23, 1926 – October 30, 2006) was an American anthropologist. He is known for his strong support for and influence on the practice of symbolic anthropology. He was considered for 30 years one of the most important cultural anthropologists in the United States. He was also a retired professor at the Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton, until his death.


title: Division of Throsby

paragraphs: The Division of Throsby was an Australian electoral division in the state of New South Wales. It was named after Charles Throsby (1777-1828), a pioneer and explorer in the areas south of Sydney.

paragraphs: Throsby included Albion Park, Berkeley, Berrima, Blackbutt, Bowral, Cringila, Dapto, Exeter, Fitzroy Falls, Horsley, Kembla Grange, Lake Illawarra, Mittagong, Moss Vale, Oak Flats, Port Kembla, Robertson, Warrawong, Welby, Willow Vale, and parts of Warilla.

paragraphs: Jennie George was the first woman to be the President of the Australian Council of Trade Unions (ACTU) 1996-2000.


title: Biker Mice from Mars

paragraphs: Biker Mice from Mars is a cartoon created by "Rick Ungar" that first aired in 1993 in the United States and lasted for three seasons before it was cancelled. It is about three human like mice named Throttle, Modo, and Vinnie. Although there are battles, no blood is shown, no guns are used and many villains are monsters, aliens, and robots.

paragraphs: In most episodes Limburger tell Karbunkle to use transporter to bring in one of the very powerful super villains. Each of them have one special ability which is useful for Limburger´s plan in hand.

paragraphs: A "Biker Mice from Mars" video game was released by "Konami" for the Super Nintendo in 1994. The European version features advertisements for Snickers candy bars.


title: Juicy J

paragraphs: Jordan Michael Houston (born April 5, 1975), better known by his stage name Juicy J, is an American rapper, songwriter and record producer. He is from Memphis, Tennessee. He is a founding member of the Southern hip hop group Three 6 Mafia. They formed in 1991.


title: King L

paragraphs: King L (or King Louie) is an American rap musician. His real name is Louis Johnson. He was born in 1987. He is from Chicago, Illinois. He is signed to the record label Epic Records.


title: That Awkward Moment

paragraphs: That Awkward Moment is a 2014 American romantic comedy movie written by Tom Gormican in his drectorial debut. It stars Zac Efron, Miles Teller, Michael B. Jordan, Imogen Poots, Mackenzie Davis and Jessica Lucas.

paragraphs: After Mikey's break-up, Jason and Daniel promise to stay single with him. However, they both end up falling in love and have to avoid facing their promise.


title: 7.92 x 57mm Mauser

paragraphs: The 7.92x57mm Mauser, aka 8mm Mauser round is a German bullet first used in the G98 Mauser rifle. Other German rifles chambered (Size of the bullet the gun can take) in 7.92x57mm include weapons such as the K98, MG34, MG42, FG42, G41, and G43.

paragraphs: A variant (Different style) of the 7.92x57mm, the 7.92x33 mm "8mm Kurz", was created as an intermediate cartridge intended to be used in urban warfare, as the German army learned from fighting in cities, mainly in Russia after Operation Barbarossa. The 8mm Kurz was used in the STG44 assault rifle. This round, weapon, and concept was picked up and expanded on by the Russians after the war, and this led up to the development of the 7.62x39mm cartridge used in the SKS45, AK47 (and variants), and the RPD light machine gun.

paragraphs: After World War II, Germany was split into two countries, West Germany and East Germany, and both countries stopped using 8mm Mauser weapons. This was because the alliances they made required them to use the same ammunition for all their weapons as their allies. West Germany would use NATO weapons, and East Germany would use Warsaw Pact weapons.


title: Logan Browning

paragraphs: Logan Laurice Browning (born June 9, 1989) is an American actress and singer-songwriter. She is best known for playing Sasha in the movie "Bratz: The Movie" (2007) and Brianna in "Meet the Browns". She currently stars as Jelena Howard on the VH1 series "Hit the Floor".

paragraphs: Browning joined the cast of "Meet the Browns" during the second season. She replaced Brianne Gould as the character Brianna Ortiz. She also makes a brief appearance in Prima J's "Rockstar" music video, as well as B5's music video "U Got Me". She also had a recurring role on the Disney XD series "Pair of Kings".


title: Olympus Has Fallen

paragraphs: Olympus Has Fallen is an American action movie from 2013. It is about soldiers from North Korea holding people hostage in the White House. It stars Gerard Butler, Morgan Freeman, and Aaron Eckhart. It was released in summer of 2013.

paragraphs: A sequel, "London Has Fallen", was released in March 2016.


title: José Sulaimán

paragraphs: José Sulaimán Chagnón (born May 30, 1931 – January 16, 2014) was a Mexican boxing official. He was the president of the World Boxing Council. He was entered into the International Boxing Hall of Fame on June 10, 2007.

paragraphs: Sulaimán was born in Ciudad Victoria, Tamaulipas. He died in Los Angeles, California.


title: Arvid Carlsson

paragraphs: Arvid Carlsson (25 January 1923 – 29 June 2018) was a Swedish neuropharmacologist. He was best known for his work with the neurotransmitter dopamine and its effects on Parkinson's disease.

paragraphs: He won the Wolf Prize in Medicine in 1979.

paragraphs: For his work on dopamine, Carlsson was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2000. He won the award alongside Eric Kandel and Paul Greengard.


title: Paul Greengard

paragraphs: Paul Greengard (December 11, 1925 – April 13, 2019) was an American neuroscientist (neurobiologist), biochemist, and pharmacologist of Jewish descent.

paragraphs: He was best known for his work on the molecular and cellular function of neurons. In 2000, Greengard, Arvid Carlsson and Eric Kandel were awarded the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine for their discoveries concerning signal transduction in the nervous system.

paragraphs: Greengard died on April 13, 2019 in New York City at the age of 93.


title: Anne Jeffreys

paragraphs: Anne Jeffreys (January 26, 1923 – September 27, 2017) was an American actress and singer. She was known for her works in "Topper", "Street Scene", and the musicals "Kiss Me, Kate" (1948) and the musical "Three Wishes for Jamie" (1952). She replaced Patricia Morison in the musical "Kiss Me, Kate".

paragraphs: Jeffreys was born Annie Carmichael in Goldsboro, North Carolina on January 26, 1923.

paragraphs: Jeffreys died on September 27, 2017 at the age of 94.


title: Bảo Đại

paragraphs: Bảo Đại (22 October 1913 - 30 July 1997) was the last king of Vietnam. He was the 13th and last king of the Nguyễn Dynasty. He was the leader of the country during World War II.

paragraphs: Bảo Đại ruled as the King of Annam from 1926 to 1945. Japan briefly took control of Vietnam in 1945, and Bảo Đại was made Emperor of Vietnam. France took back control of Vietnam in 1949, as the State of Vietnam. Bảo Đại served as Chief of State from then until 1955.


title: Home Alone: The Holiday Heist

paragraphs: Home Alone: The Holiday Heist (or Home Alone 5) is an American children's criminal family comedy television movie. It is set in Maine. It is the fifth and final movie in the successful "Home Alone" series. It stars Malcolm McDowell, Debi Mazar, Eddie Steeples and Christian Martyn. The movie was first shown on ABC Family on November 25, 2012. Like "Home Alone 3", it does not focus on the McCallister family or any of the characters from the first two films. "Home Alone 4: Taking Back The House" has some of the main characters from the first two films, but all of the roles have different actors. It includes many references to the original films.


title: Hồ Xuân Hương

paragraphs: Hồ Xuân Hương (1772–1822) was a female Vietnamese poet. She wrote poems using Nôm characters. Her poems criticize gender inequality in Vietnam.


title: Sage the Gemini

paragraphs: Dominic Wynn Woods (born June 20, 1992), better known by his stage name Sage the Gemini, is an American rap musician. He is from Fairfield, California. He is a member of The HBK Gang. He is known for his single "Gas Pedal", featuring Iamsu!, which peaked at #29 on the Billboard Hot 100. This made it both artists' first top-40 hit. It was #6 on the "Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs" and #4 on the "Hot Rap Songs charts" in 2013.


title: All Is by My Side

paragraphs: All Is by My Side is a British and Irish drama movie about Jimi Hendrix. It was released in 2013. It was written and directed by John Ridley.


title: Imogen Poots

paragraphs: Imogen Poots (born 3 June 1989) is a British movie and television actress. She is best known for playing Tammy in "28 Weeks Later".


title: Josh Pais

paragraphs: Joshua James Atwill "Josh" Pais (born June 21, 1958) is an American actor in movies and television.

paragraphs: Pais married actress Lisa Emery on August 27, 1990; actor Zane Pais is their son. They divorced in 2003. Pais is married to Marie Forleo.


title: Charlotte Riley

paragraphs: Charlotte Riley (born 29 December 1981) is an English actress. She is best known for playing Sarah in "Easy Virtue". She also played Kate Hansen in the movie "Entity".

paragraphs: Riley was born in Stockton-on-Tees. She married actor Tom Hardy in 2014.


title: Assassination Games

paragraphs: Assassination Games is a 2011 American action thriller movie directed by Ernie Barbarash, and starring Jean-Claude Van Damme and Scott Adkins. This movie is about two people wanting revenge for different reasons. One is asking for money, the other revenge. Due to Interpol getting on their trail, two assassins, Vincent and Roland, work together to kill their victims before they themselves are killed. Jean-Claude Van Damme plays Vincent.

paragraphs: The film had a limited release on July 29, 2011. Sony Pictures Home Entertainment released the DVD in the United States on September 6, 2011, and in the United Kingdom on October 10, 2011.

paragraphs: IGN gave the film a 6 out of 10 stars and wrote, "If you need a quick dose of action, "Assassination Games" should do the trick. Don't expect a masterpiece and you should walk away moderately pleased with the experience".


title: Lake Nicaragua

paragraphs: Lake Nicaragua is the biggest lake in Central America. It lies in the south of Nicaragua, close to the border with Costa Rica. A river connects the lake to Lake Managua, which lies to the north. There are over 400 islets, three islands, and two volcanoes in Lake Nicaragua.San Juan river connects the lake to the Carribean Sea.


title: Ferrari California

paragraphs: The Ferrari California is a sports car produced by the Italian manufacturer Ferrari. It is a two door "2+2" convertible with a folding metal top. The California is powered by a V8 engine. The California has a top speed of . Both its chassis and body are made of aluminum.

paragraphs: The California is built in a new production line next to the existing factory at Maranello, Italy. The existing production line produces 27 cars per day, or 6,000 per year.

paragraphs: The California represents a number of firsts for Ferrari:


title: JJ Cale

paragraphs: John Weldon Cale (December 5, 1938 – July 26, 2013), commonly known as JJ Cale, was American singer and songwriter. He was one of the people who started the Tulsa Sound. In 2008, he won a Grammy Award.


title: The Big Wedding

paragraphs: The Big Wedding, 2013, is a romantic-comedy movie. It is about marriage and divorce in New England. It is also about deception. Katherine Heigl plays Lyla, Susan Sarandon plays Bebe, and Amanda Seyfried plays Missy.

paragraphs: The movie was released on April 26, 2013. The movie made almost $4 million more than its budget of $32 million. That, however, was not considered very good.


title: Diana (movie)

paragraphs: The movie Diana is a 2013 British-French-Belgian-Swedish biographical movie. It is on the life of Princess Diana. In particular, the movie is about the last two years of her life after her divorce from Prince Charles. Naomi Watts plays Diana.

paragraphs: The movie was released on 20 September 2013 in the UK. It was condemned almost immediately by British press. In the United States, reviews were negative.


title: Thomas W. Sneddon, Jr.

paragraphs: Thomas W. Sneddon Jr. (May 26, 1941 – November 1, 2014) was the district attorney of Santa Barbara County, California. He was best known for prosecuting charges of child molestation against Michael Jackson in 2005. He retired in 2007. Jackson wrote a song about Sneddon called "D.S.". It was on his 1995 album "". The song was in response to Sneddon's investigation into Jackson for child molestation in 1993.

paragraphs: Sneddon died on November 1, 2014 from complications of cancer, aged 73, at Santa Barbara Cottage Hospital, Santa Barbara, California, U.S.


title: Jon Snow

paragraphs: Jon Snow (born 28 September 1947) is a British journalist and television presenter. He was born in Ardingly, Sussex. He went to Ardingly College. In 1989 he started presenting "Channel 4 News".

paragraphs: In March 2010 he married Precious Lunga.

paragraphs: His father was George D'Oyly Snow. His grandfather was Thomas D'Oyly Snow. His cousin is Peter Snow.


title: Franco Bracardi

paragraphs: Franco Bracardi (16 May 1937 – 27 February 2005) was an Italian actor, composer, pianist and stand-up comedian. He was born in Rome and began working at night clubs by the early 1950s. Later, in the mid-1960s, he started composing songs for Mina, Mirelle Mathieu, Raffaella Carrà. During those same years, he started work as an actor and comedian.


title: Bruno Spoerri

paragraphs: Bruno Alexander Spoerri (born 16 August 1935) is a Swiss jazz and electronic musician. Bruno was born in Zurich, and studied psychology. He plays the saxophone and the electric saxophone. In 1978 he published his first album, "Voice of Taurus".


title: Elon Gold

paragraphs: Elon Gold (born September 14, 1970) is an American comedian, television actor, writer and producer. Gold was a guest judge on the celebrity impersonation series, "The Next Big Thing". He has been in multiple movies such as "Cheaper by the Dozen". He was also in the sitcom "In-laws".

paragraphs: Gold is from New York. In his younger years, Gold attended the Westchester Day School, in Westchester, and the Marsha Stern Talmudical Academy, in Manhattan. Gold has also stated that he is an observing Jew.


title: Gary Eck

paragraphs: Gary Eck is an Australian comedian and actor. He has been an actor and writer for many movies including, "The Night We Call Day", "Boy Town" and "Happy Feet Two". Eck has also starred in many comedy shows and produced his first CD, "Gary Eck Live!" In 2004 he was nominated for an ARIA Award for his movie comedy album "The Hollywood Motel".


title: Val Logsdon Fitch

paragraphs: Val Logsdon Fitch (March 10, 1923 – February 5, 2015) was an American nuclear physicist. For this discovery he and his student James Cronin received the 1980 Nobel Prize in Physics.


title: James Cronin

paragraphs: James Watson Cronin (born September 29, 1931) is an American nuclear physicist. Cronin and co-researcher Val Logsdon Fitch were awarded the 1980 Nobel Prize in Physics for a 1964 experiment that proved that certain subatomic reactions are not the same as to fundamental symmetry principles (called CP violation).


title: Walter Kohn

paragraphs: Walter Kohn (March 9, 1923 – April 19, 2016) was an Austrian-born American theoretical physicist of Jewish descent.

paragraphs: He was awarded, with John Pople, the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1998.

paragraphs: Kohn was one of 20 Nobel Laureates who signed the "Stockholm memorandum" at the 3rd Nobel Laureate Symposium on Global Sustainability in Stockholm, Sweden on 18 May 2011.

paragraphs: Kohn died on April 19, 2016 at his home in Santa Barbara, California from jaw cancer, at the age of 93.


title: John Pople

paragraphs: Sir John Anthony Pople, (31 October 1925 – 15 March 2004) was an American scientist. He was a Nobel Prize winning theoretical chemist. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Walter Kohn in the year 1998.


title: Michael Uppendahl

paragraphs: Michael Uppendahl is an American television and movie director. He is very well known in the movie industry. He directed over seven hours of the major show "Mad Men". Along with "Mad Men", he has worked with AMC to direct multiple episodes of other shows such as The Walking Dead.


title: Tip O'Neill

paragraphs: Thomas Phillip "Tip" O'Neill, Jr. (December 9, 1912 – January 5, 1994) was an American politician and Speaker of the United States House of Representatives.

paragraphs: O'Neill was an outspoken liberal Democrat and influential member of the House of Representatives, serving for 34 years and representing two congressional districts in Massachusetts.

paragraphs: He served as Speaker of the House from 1977 until his retirement in 1987, making him the only Speaker to serve for five complete consecutive Congresses, and the second longest-serving Speaker in U.S. history after Sam Rayburn. O'Neill retired from Congress in 1987 but remained active in public life.

paragraphs: O'Neill died of cardiac arrest on January 5, 1994.


title: Howard Baker

paragraphs: Howard Henry Baker, Jr. (November 15, 1925 – June 26, 2014) was a Senate Majority Leader, Republican U.S. Senator from Tennessee, White House Chief of Staff, and a former United States Ambassador to Japan. He worked as a lobbyist and adviser at Baker, Donelson, Bearman, Caldwell & Berkowitz.

paragraphs: Baker died on June 26, 2014 at the age of 88 from complications of a stroke he suffered the week prior. He died in his native Huntsville, Tennessee, with his wife, Nancy, by his side.


Ian Watkins


title: James Best

paragraphs: James Best (July 26, 1926 – April 6, 2015) was an American actor. He is best known for his starring role as bumbling Sheriff Rosco P. Coltrane in the CBS television series "The Dukes of Hazzard". He has also worked as an acting coach, artist, college professor, and musician.

paragraphs: Best died on April 6, 2015, in Hickory, North Carolina from complications of pneumonia. He was 88.


title: James Baskett

paragraphs: James Baskett (February 16, 1904 – July 9, 1948) was an American actor. He was known for his role as Uncle Remus, singing the song "Zip-a-Dee-Doo-Dah" in the 1946 Disney feature movie "Song of the South". He was given an Honorary Academy Award, making him the very first male performer of African descent to receive an Oscar.


title: South African Army

paragraphs: The South African Army is the army of the South African National Defence Force, which is the military of South Africa.

paragraphs: The South African military traditions evolved from the frontier warfare fought by the commando forces, because the Afrikaners did not trust standing armies. After the Union of South Africa was formed in 1910, General Jan Smuts, South Africa's first Minister of Defence, placed a high priority on creating a unified military from the four separate armies of the provinces. This lead to the creation of the Union Defence Force (UDF).

paragraphs: The modern day South African Army is made up of professional soldiers of all races. The South African Army has been with peacekeeping operations with the United Nations and the African Union in countries such as Burundi and the Democratic Republic of the Congo.


title: State of Vietnam

paragraphs: The State of Vietnam () was an autonomous state controlled by France. It was formed in 1949. It was replaced by the Republic of Vietnam in 1955.

paragraphs: State of Vietnam was established in 1949. It was a constituent territory and associated state of French Indochina until 1954. The State of Vietnam was replaced by South Vietnam in 1955 through the 1955 Referendum.


title: Empire of Vietnam

paragraphs: The Empire of Vietnam () was a puppet state controlled by Japan. It was formed on 17 March 1945 and ended on 30 August 1945. This was towards the end of World War II. The capital city was Huế.


title: Gingalain

paragraphs: Gingalain () is a knight from the Arthurian legend of the Round Table. He is the in "Le Bel Inconnu", a poem written by Renaut de Beaujeu (1180s–1230). He is also in the (destroyed) 12th-century manuscript, "Gliglois". It is uncertain if the Gliglois of the medieval manuscript refers to Gawain's son or some other character in the "Fair Unknown" cycle.


title: Childfree

paragraphs: The term childfree means people who choose not to have children. It includes people who have had sterilisation (surgery such as a vasectomy) to make themselves unable to have children.

paragraphs: The most common reasons for being childfree are:

paragraphs: People may also choose not to have children for ethical reasons, such as pessimism. By choosing not to have their own children, childfree people have choices of saving large amounts of money. They can also focus on themselves. They usually benefit society more by being childless rather than having children.

paragraphs: Being childless was considered unusual in the 1950s. Since then, the number of adults without children has increased. Many researchers say childfree adults are more educated, less likely to be religious and more likely to live around cities. In the late 2000s to early 2010s, the rate of women in the United States becoming pregnant dropped almost 9%. The birth rate between 2010 and 2013 was the lowest in the country's history.


title: Childlessness

paragraphs: Childlessness is not having a child. Since the 1970s, there are more childless people. There are two kinds of childlessness, voluntary and involuntary.

paragraphs: Voluntary childlessness is when people choose to not have children. People do this for several reasons, which include:

paragraphs: Voluntary childlessness is sometimes called childfree.

paragraphs: There are also several reason for involuntary childlessness, including:

paragraphs: Sometimes a couple can have a child through artificial insemination, when a sperm is place in a woman's uterus immediately after ovulation. Another option is in vitro fertilization (or IVF). In this process, a sperm and an egg are placed together until fertilization happens, then the egg is put into the uterus.