title: 1850 United States Census

paragraphs: The United States Census of 1850 was the seventh census of the United States. It was completed on June 1, 1850. It found the population of the United States to be 23,191,876. This was an increase of 35.9 percent from the 1840 Census. The total population included 3,204,313 slaves.

paragraphs: This was the first census where there was an attempt to collect information about every member of every household, including women, children, and slaves. It was also the first census to ask about place of birth.

paragraphs: Hinton Rowan Helper made use of the 1850 census results in his politically notorious book "The Impending Crisis of the South".


title: 1860 United States Census

paragraphs: The United States Census of 1860 was the eighth Census in the United States. It was completed after November 1, 1860. It found the population to be 31,443,321. This was an increase of 35.4 percent from the 1850 Census. The total population included 3,953,761 slaves.


title: Talokar

paragraphs: Talokar is the name of a village in the Haripur District of Hazara, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (formerly North-West Frontier Province) in Pakistan. It is situated at Latitude 33.9852778 degrees; and Longitude 72.9419444 degrees. It is quite closely situated to Haripur town (approx 2 km) the local area headquarters.

paragraphs: It was originally founded during the 12th or 13th century AD by the Talokar Jatt tribe. Since then, it has remained the principal seat of a "Jagir" estate during the British Raj, of a famous aristocratic family which also produced Khan Sahib Abdul Majid Khan Tarin, OBE, Jemadar Abdul Latif Khan Tarin IDSM, and others.

paragraphs: The approximate population of the main Talokar village at the time of the last major national census was about 4800-5000. and it is primarily an agrarian area. It is well known for its fine vegetables, wheat and maize crops and orchards of loquats, oranges and other fruits. Although the majority of the residents are engaged in farming activities, a fairly large number are also in government and military service and some few working in local industries or working abroad as immigrant labour.

paragraphs: The main tribes and ethnic groups include Gurjars, Maliars, Pathans, Syeds, Awans and some others. The principal families and landowners are still mostly Tarin/Tareen Pathans (Pashtuns). In terms of religious practices, the population is overwhelmingly Muslim, mostly of the Sunni Islamic persuasion. The main language spoken here are Hindko, Northern Punjabi language (Chhachi dialect) and some Pashto.

paragraphs: The general level of literacy/education is quite high by Pakistani standards, with schooling for both boys and girls available until high school level and an average literacy rate of 74%. For further education, most students go to colleges in Haripur town or nearby Abbottabad and some even as far as Peshawar, Islamabad and Rawalpindi.

paragraphs: Among popular pastimes here are sports such as Cricket, Football (soccer), Field hockey and Volleyball. Many people also engage in hunting, horse riding and the traditional martial art of Gatka.


title: Talokar Jatt

paragraphs: Talokar Jatt s are a Jatt tribe or caste. Most of them live in Punjab currently. At one time, they were spread out as far as the North-West Frontier Province, but were driven out from that area by Pashtun invasions.


title: Dervish

paragraphs: It is someone living a Sufi Muslim ascetic way or "Tariqah". They are poor, and live simply. In this respect, dervishes are most similar to mendicant friars in Christianity, or Hindu/Buddhist/Jain sadhus.

paragraphs: The whirling dance that is associated with dervishes is best known in the West by the performances of the Mevlevi order in Turkey. It is part of a ceremony known as the Sema. It is also done by other orders. The Sema is only one of many Sufi ceremonies performed to try to reach religious ecstasy ("majdhb", "fana").

paragraphs: The name "Mevlevi" comes from the Persian poet Rumi, who was a dervish himself. This practice, though not intended as entertainment, has become a tourist attraction in Turkey.


title: Hazara

paragraphs: The Hazara division is an administrative area of the present Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. It includes the Haripur District, Abbottabad District, Mansehra District, Battagram District, Kohistan District and the Kala Dhaka former tribal enclave, now renamed as the Tor Ghar District.


title: Don Dunstan

paragraphs: Donald Allan "Don" Dunstan AC, QC (21 September 1926 – 6 February 1999) was a South Australian politician. He was the leader of the state's Labor Party from 1967, and was Premier of South Australia between June 1967 and April 1968, and again between June 1970 and February 1979.

paragraphs: Dunstan was born in Fiji to a rich Australian couple. He moved to Adelaide when he was a teenager, to go to school on a scholarship. He later studied law and arts at the University of Adelaide. He entered politics in 1953, getting a seat in the South Australian parliament at the age of 26. He became well known for his campaign against the death penalty during the 1950s, and his status in the Labor Party rose quickly. As a member of the opposition, he was able to get the parliament to pass changes to Aboriginal civil rights. He was also an important figure in his party's abandoning the White Australia Policy.

paragraphs: Dunstan was a socially progressive premier. His government recognised native title over Aboriginal lands, decriminalised (made legal) homosexuality, and abolished the death penalty. Appointed during his term were the first female judge, the first non-British governor, and later, the first indigenous governor. Dunstan also relaxed censorship and drinking laws in the state, created a ministry for the environment, and made laws against discrimination. His nine years in office during the 1970s are remembered as the "Dunstan Decade". However, there were also problems: the state's economic growth began to slow down, and led to major infrastructure plans being abandoned. Unemployment in South Australia began to rise, as well as rumours of corruption. Dunstan became strained after the death of his wife, and he suddenly resigned from the premiership in 1979 after collapsing from illness. He lived for another two decades, and remained very outspoken in public about social policies.


title: David Tonkin

paragraphs: Dr David Oliver Tonkin AO (20 July 1929 – 2 October 2000) was the 38th Premier of South Australia, from 18 September 1979 to 10 November 1982. He was elected to the South Australian parliament in the 1970 election. He became the state's leader of the Liberal Party in 1975. His party won the state elections in 1979, after Don Dunstan of the Labor Party had resigned as premier.

paragraphs: Tonkin's government focused on the economy while also continuing the socially progressive ideas of the previous government. He developed copper and uranium mining in the state, and made laws against discrimination. He also passed a land rights act through parliament that gave the Pitjantjatjara and Yankunytjatjara people ownership over most of their homeland in South Australia.

paragraphs: Tonkin's party ran for a second term in 1982, but was defeated by the Labor Party, which was led by John Bannon.


title: Kashan

paragraphs: Kashan is a city in Iran. It is near Isfahan, about from Tehran. The city is known for its textiles. In the Middle Ages, it was also known for ceramics. As of 2012, about 275,000 people live in the city, about 317,000 in its metropolitan area. The city is along the road from Qom to Kerman. Kashan is located at the edge of a desert, along the first oasis. The city has a desert climate, with hot summers, and cold winters. There is a university in the city, which offers an education in medicine. Rose water is produced in the city.

paragraphs: In Natanz, about south of Kashan, there is an uranium enrichment plant. This plant uses gas centrifuges, and is part of the Iranian nuclear program.


title: Great Victoria Desert

paragraphs: The Great Victoria Desert is the largest desert in Australia. It consists of sand dunes, small sandhills, grassland plains, areas with closely packed pebbles (called desert pavement or gibber plains) and salt lakes. The desert is an Australian IBRA.

paragraphs: The desert covers a large area, about in the states of Western Australia and South Australia. The distance from east to west is about . It is very dry, getting only between to of rain each year. It is surrounded by other very dry areas including the Nullabor Plain to the south, the Gibson Desert to the north, Sturt's Stony Desert to the east. It was named by the explorer Ernest Giles in 1875, after Queen Victoria. Aboriginal people have lived in the desert for more than 24,000 years.

paragraphs: Between 1953 and 1957, the British government exploded nine atomic bombs in the Great Victoria Desert at Maralinga and Emu.

paragraphs: The area of the Great Victoria Desert is shared roughly equally by the states of South and Western Australia. It is north of the Nullarbor Plain and south of the Musgrave Ranges. The desert is bounded on the west by Laverton and the goldfields and to the east by Coober Pedy and the Stuart Highway.

paragraphs: The Great Victoria Desert can be very dry and sandy. However, plants and animals still live there. The plants are adapted to the dry, arid climate, otherwise they would not be able to survive. Wallabies, bandy snakes, lizards. kangaroos . and many birds live in the Great Victoria Desert. These animals have also adapted to survive in extreme heat and extreme cold.


title: Natanz

paragraphs: Natanz is a city in the arid center of Iran. The city lies in an oasis in the desert. The city is located about southeast of Kashan. The city is well known for the pears grown there. About 11.000 people live in the city. There are shrines in the area, for example that of Abdas-Samad Esfahani. He was a Sufi who died in Natanz in 1299 CE. King Darius III was killed in the mountains near the city, about 330 BC. The village Abyaneh, near Natanz is a well-known holiday resort today. Before Ismail I made Twelver Islam the state religion, it was a center of Zoroastrianism. Zoroastrianism originated in Iran, around 1000 BC.

paragraphs: Around east of Natanz, there is a mine for Fluorite and Baryte. Southeast of the city, there is an uranium enrichment plant which is part of Iran's nuclear programme.


title: Kings Canyon (Australia)

paragraphs: Kings Canyon is a canyon in the Northern Territory of Australia. It is part of Watarrka National Park, about southwest of Alice Springs. The walls of Kings Canyon are over 100 metres high, with Kings Creek at the bottom. The rock is sandstone. At the top of the gorge is a maze of weathered rock domes, a lot like those found in Purnululu.

paragraphs: Kings Canyon and the area around it is Aboriginal land. It is part of the Luritja people's traditional country, and title over the land was granted to them in July 2012. Before the arrival of Europeans in the region, the damp climate at the bottom of the gorge was an important refuge during droughts. Rock engravings at the base of the canyon date are many hundreds of years old. Many of them are sacred sites for Luritja and are closed to visitors. The name "Waṯarrka" refers to the area around the sacred Dreaming path that runs through the park; it comes from the Luritja name for the "Acacia ligulata" tree.


Kings Canyon


title: Ollie

paragraphs: An Ollie is a basic skateboarding trick. It is when the person riding the board leaps into the air with the board still attached to their feet. No hands are used; the board is moved into the air by kicking the back of the board down so the front is raised. From there it uses a combination of grip and momentum to keep the board with the rider.


title: Madagascar (2005 movie)

paragraphs: Madagascar is a 2005 computer-animated movie mase by Dreamworks. The story is about a group of animals from the zoo in Central Park, New York City. The main characters are Alex the Lion (Ben Stiller), Marty the Zebra (Chris Rock), Melman the Giraffe (David Schwimmer) and Gloria the Hippotamus (Jada Pinkett Smith). With the penguins Skipper (Thomas "Tom" McGrath), Private (Christopher Knights), Kowalski (Chris Miller) and Rico (John DiMaggio) also living in the zoo, they end up in Madagascar with King Julien (Sacha Baron Cohen), Maurice (Cedric the Entertainer) and Mort (Andy Richter). The movie has two sequels: and , as well as a Christmas special, a spinoff series, and the movie of the same name.


title: Peter Griffin

paragraphs: Peter Griffin is a character in the television comedy "Family Guy". He is the husband of Lois Griffin. He has three children. He was a redesign of the protagonist Larry from Seth MacFarlane's animated short films. He is 44 years old.


title: H. Paul Varley

paragraphs: Herbert Paul Varley (born February 8, 1931) is an American academic, historian, author, and Japanologist. He is a former professor at Columbia University and Sen Sōshitsu XV Professor of Japanese Cultural History at the University of Hawaii.

paragraphs: Varley's early work was influenced by Kan'ichi Asakawa at Yale University.

paragraphs: Among other interests, his research focused on the Kamakura period and Muromachi period in the history of Japan.

paragraphs: In an overview of writings by and about Varley, OCLC/WorldCat lists roughly 30+ works in 120+ publications in 6 languages and 8,200+ library holdings.


title: Hansō Sōshitsu

paragraphs: , also known as , is the 15th in a series of Japanese tea masters of the Urasenke family.

paragraphs: Sen Sōshitsu is the name of the head ("iemoto") of the Urasenke school of the Japanese tea ceremony.

paragraphs: The first person in this line of the Sen family to use the name Sōshitsu was the youngest son of Sen Sōtan. He was a great-grandson of Sen Rikyū.


title: Sen Sōshitsu

paragraphs: Sen Sōshitsu is the name of the head ("iemoto") of one of the three schools of the Japanese tea ceremony


title: Brassica rapa

paragraphs: Brassica rapa L. (syn. Brassica campestris L.), commonly known as turnip, turnip rape, fast plants, field mustard, or turnip mustard, is a plant widely cultivated as a leaf vegetable (see mizuna and napa cabbage), a root vegetable (see turnip), and an oilseed (but not normally rapeseed oil, from a different "Brassica" species).

paragraphs: The oilseeds known as canola are sometimes particular varieties of "Brassica rapa" (termed Polish Canola) but mostly the related species "Brassica napus" and "Brassica juncea".


title: Energy transition

paragraphs: Energy transition () is the transition of Germany and several other countries to sustainable economies by means of renewable energy, energy efficiency and sustainable development. The final goal is the abolishment of nuclear, coal, and other non-renewable energy sources.

paragraphs: The key policy document outlining the "Energiewende" was published by the German government in September 2010, some six months before the Fukushima nuclear accident. Legislative support was passed in 2011. Important aspects include:


title: Sensō Sōshitsu

paragraphs: , also known as , is the 4th in a series of Japanese tea masters of the Urasenke family.

paragraphs: Senso Sōshitsu was first person in the Sen family to use the name "Sōshitsu". He was the youngest son of Sen Sōtan; and he was a great-grandson of Sen Rikyū.

paragraphs: Today, Sen Sōshitsu is the name of the head ("iemoto") of the Urasenke school of the Japanese tea ceremony.


title: Metabolic rate

paragraphs: Metabolic rate is the rate of metabolism, the amount of energy used by an animal per unit of time. Basal metabolic rate (BMR) is the amount of energy used daily by animals at rest.

paragraphs: About 70% of a human's total energy use is due to the basal life processes within the organs of the body (see table). About 20% of one's energy use comes from physical activity and another 10% from the digestion of food after eating.

paragraphs: All of these processes require an intake of oxygen to provide energy for survival, usually from macronutrients like carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. The Krebs cycle produces energy-rich ATP molecules, and gives off carbon dioxide.

paragraphs: Basal metabolism is usually by far the largest component of total energy used. The release, and using, of energy in this state is sufficient only for the functioning of the vital organs, the heart, lungs, nervous system, kidneys, liver, intestine, sex organs, muscles, and skin.

paragraphs: For the BMR, most of the energy is consumed in maintaining fluid levels in tissues through osmosis, and only about one-tenth is consumed for mechanical work, such as digestion, heartbeat, and breathing.

paragraphs: What enables the Krebs cycle to perform metabolic changes to fats, carbohydrates, and proteins is energy, which can be defined as the ability or capacity to do work.

paragraphs: The breakdown of large molecules into smaller molecules – associated with release of energy – is catabolism. The breakdown of proteins into amino acids is an example of catabolism. Body heat in warm-blooded animals is produced by chemical reactions of the catabolic type.

paragraphs: The building up process is termed anabolism. The formation of proteins from amino acids is an anabolic process.

paragraphs: Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is the intermediate molecule that drives the transfer of energy used in muscle contraction. ATP is a high energy molecule because it stores large amounts of energy in the chemical bonds of the two terminal phosphate groups. The breaking of these chemical bonds in the Krebs cycle provides the energy needed for muscular contraction.

paragraphs: The metabolic rate varies between individuals. One study of 150 adults representative of the population in Scotland reported basal metabolic rates from as low as 1027 kcal per day (4301 kJ) to as high as 2499 kcal (10455 kJ). The average was 1500 kcal (6279 kJ) per day.

paragraphs: The researchers calculated that 62.3% of this variation was explained by differences in the mass (weight) minus the fat reserves. Other factors were the amount of fat (6.7%), age (1.7%), and experimental error including within-subject difference (2%). The rest of the variation (26.7%) was unexplained.

paragraphs: So there are differences in BMR even when comparing two subjects with "the same" lean body mass. The top 5% of people are metabolizing energy 28-32% faster than individuals with the lowest 5% BMR. For instance, one study reported an extreme case where two individuals with the same lean body mass of 43 kg had BMRs of 1075 kcal/day (4.5 MJ) and 1790 kcal/day (7.5 MJ). This difference of 715 kcal (67%) is equivalent to one of the individuals completing a 10 kilometer run every day.

paragraphs: Metabolic rates vary according to animal size, and this has been discussed for over a century.


title: Kashgar

paragraphs: Kashgar or Kashi is an oasis county-level city with about 350,000 residents in the far west of the People's Republic of China, near the border with Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan. Kashgar is the administrative centre of Kashgar Prefecture of the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region which has a population of approximately 4 million. The city's urban area covers , though its administrative area extends for .

paragraphs: Kashgar was the meeting point for the southern and northern ancient Silk Routes for 2000 years because of its situation. The Taklamakan Desert is to the east of the city while westwards are the high mountains of Pamir so camels must be exchanged for yaks (or vice versa). Kashgar remains very much a predominantly Uighur city; its market called Sunday Bazaar is resorted to by merchants from nearby countries such as Kazakhstan, Tadjikistan, and Kirghizistan and is reputed the largest in Central Asia.


title: Conrad Vernon

paragraphs: Conrad Vernon (born July 11, 1968) is an American movie director, screenwriter, producer, voice actor and comedian. He is best known for his work in DreamWorks animated movies. These include "Shrek 2", "Monsters vs. Aliens" and especially "".

paragraphs: Vernon was born and raised in Lubbock, Texas. He studied at CalArts. Vernon worked as a storyboard artist in Ralph Bakshi's "Cool World", "2 Stupid Dogs", "Rocko's Modern Life", "Nightmare Ted" and "Morto the Magician". Vernon joined DreamWorks in 1996 and worked as a storyboard artist again in "Antz". After the success of "Antz", he became one of the writers for "Shrek", where he also made the voice of Gingerbread Man. He also appeared in "Shrek 4-D" and "Sinbad: Legend of the Seven Seas". Conrad also worked in "Shrek 2", which was his first work as a director. The movie was nominated for an Academy Award. Later, he created the voice of Mason the chimpanzee in the popular DreamWorks movies "Madagascar", "", "" and the TV show. He also co-directed the third "Madagascar" movie. Vernon also wrote the original story and directed "Monsters vs. Aliens", where he also created the voice of Insectosaurus. He also produced "The Annoying Orange" TV series.


title: Programming paradigm

paragraphs: Programming paradigms are a way of grouping programming languages by what they do. Languages can be in more than one paradigm.

paragraphs: Some paradigms look at the way the code is run, such as allowing side effects, or having to do things in a certain order. Other paradigms look at the way that code is grouped, such as putting code into one or two pieces (or instead, many small pieces). Some other paradigms look at the order and pieces that make the program the way it is.

paragraphs: There are two main groups of paradigms, imperative and declarative. A language can be both at the same time.

paragraphs: In imperative programs, programmers give the computer a set of ordered steps that need to be done in order to do something. If someone wanted the computer to draw a cat face, they might give directions like "Draw a circle here, draw two smaller circles there, draw two triangles on top" and so on. Imperative programs sometimes have a lot of side effects.

paragraphs: There are two major imperative paradigms, and a lot of the time a language will have both:

paragraphs: In declarative paradigms, the programmer tells the computer what to do instead of how to do it. If they wanted the computer to draw a cat face, they might give directions like "Draw a face, draw two eyes, two ears, and a mouth".

paragraphs: The most well-known declarative paradigms are:

paragraphs: Some paradigms can be found in both imperative "and" declarative languages. These paradigms are usually found with one of the above paradigms instead of going on their own.

paragraphs: Programming languages are grouped by paradigms in the same way that machines might be grouped by what they're used for.

paragraphs: A few languages fit in just one main paradigm, such as:

paragraphs: Most languages, though, are in more than one paradigm. Some of the ones that stand out for having more than just one are:

paragraphs: Having more paradigms is not always good. One time that having less paradigms can be a good thing is when there is a language that is only functional. A function in one of these languages sometimes does less work (like only going over the parts of a group of things it actually needs to) than it might have to if the language was also procedural.

paragraphs: Many programming paradigms are as well known for the things they "do not" let people do as for those they "do" let people do. One time where this is true is functional languages. When a functional language is "only" or "mostly" functional, it usually will not allow side-effects. Another time where this is true is structured programming: it is different from normal imperative languages because it does not let programmers use "goto statements" (statements telling the program to go to an earlier step). Because of this and other reasons, people sometimes think new paradigms do not allow enough things. It is sometimes okay for the computer to not let people do things, though: it can help people avoid problems with their code, and let the computer make guesses that so it can run code faster, or even check code for problems before the code runs!

paragraphs: Some people who study programming languages do not like that paradigms are used to group programming languages, such as Harper and Krishnamurthi. Those people say that a lot of programming languages can't just be grouped into paradigms because languages borrow things and ideas from lots of paradigms.

paragraphs: New paradigms have been created over time, and people either pointed them out at the time, or when looking back. One of the first paradigms that was recognized as a new way of programming was structured programming from the 1960s. The idea of a "programming paradigm" is from 1978 if not earlier, when Robert W. Floyd used it while teaching. The word "paradigm" in the way Robert meant it was first used by Thomas Kuhn in his book, "The Structure of Scientific Revolutions" (1962).

paragraphs: The lowest-level (closest to how the computer likes to understand things) and oldest programming paradigm is machine code, an imperative paradigm. The directions in machine code are just a set of numbers in a certain order. Assembly language is a little bit less low-level (and a little bit less old). In assembly language, the directions for the computer are given mnemonics (easier-to-remember names), and memory addresses (directions to find a piece of information in the computer) can be given names. These are sometimes called first- and second-generation languages.

paragraphs: In the 1960s, assembly languages were made better by adding new things like library COPY, macros (bits of "special" code that got transformed to normal code before the program started running), running procedures (sets of directions given a name and saved for later), and variables (items given names and saved for later) from outside the program. This let people use some code in more than one project, and not have to worry about with hardware-specific problems (problems that only happen one one kind of computer) thanks to commands (names for directions) like READ/WRITE/GET/PUT.

paragraphs: Assembly was, and sometimes still is, used in systems where it is important for the code to be fast, and it is also used a lot in embedded systems because lets the user have exact control of what the machine does.

paragraphs: In the very late 1960s, people started inventing procedural languages. These third-generation languages (the first few of what we now call high-level languages) had words related to what they were trying to solve. For example,

paragraphs: After many people had started using procedural languages, they invented object-oriented programming languages. In these languages, data and its "methods" (ways of manipulating the data) are put in one "object". Some programmers, such as Richard Stallman, do not agree that object-oriented languages are better for explaining ideas to a computer than procedural languages.

paragraphs: Because object-oriented programming is a paradigm, not a language, people have made object oriented assembly languages like HLA (High Level Assembly).

paragraphs: At the same time, some people were making declarative programming languages. A language that is well known for being declarative is SQL (a language for adding and removing things from tables).


title: Qadiri

paragraphs: The Qadiri or Qadiriyya "tarika" or "tariqah" (Way/Path) is one of the major Sufi orders or schools. It was founded by Hazrat Sheikh Abd al-Qadir al-Gillani a Sufi sage and holy man in Baghdad.


title: Suhrawardi

paragraphs: The Suhrawardi or Suhrawardiyya "tarika" (Way/Path) is one of the main Sufi orders or schools. It was founded by the Sufi sage Shahab-ud-din Suhrawardi.


title: Naqshbandi

paragraphs: The Naqshbandi or Naqshbandiyya "tarika" (Way/Path/School) of Sufism is a mystic order founded by the Sufi sage, Baha-ud-din Naqshband.


title: Mevlevi

paragraphs: The Mevlevi or Mevleviyya order (whirling dervishes) is a school ("tarika") of Sufism was founded by Hazrat Sheikh "Mevlana" Jalal-ud-din Rumi. He was also sometimes known as Jalal-ud-din Balkhi as he came from Balkh, Afghanistan, and settled in Konya, (modern Turkey). This order is also called the 'Order of the Whirling Dervishes' because of the famous "sema" whirling/dancing ritual that they practice.


title: 1870 United States Census

paragraphs: The United States Census of 1870 was the ninth United States Census. It was done by the Census Bureau in June 1870. The 1870 Census was the first census to give detailed information on the black population. The population was 38,555,983 individuals. This was a 22.62% increase since 1860.


title: 1880 United States Census

paragraphs: The United States Census of 1880 was the tenth United States Census. It was done by the Census Bureau during June 1880. It was the first time that women were allowed to be enumerators. The Superintendent of the Census was Francis Amasa Walker.

paragraphs: The 1880 census found the population of the United States to be 50,189,209. This was an increase of 30.2 percent from the 1870 Census.


title: Frank Yamma

paragraphs: Frank Yamma (born 1960s) is an indigenous Australian musician. He writes and sings songs in both English and Pitjantjatjara, and plays them in a mix of country and folk music. He plays guitar, usually an acoustic. He is often classified as a world musician, mixing styles from many different cultures, including traditional indigenous elements. Yamma's music is about the outback, the history of his homeland and the issues faced by his community.

paragraphs: Frank belongs to the Pitjantjatjara nation. He was born at a waterhole near Kaltukatjara, in the Northern Territory. He has seven older brothers. Frank's father was Isaac Yamma, a country singer who was one of the earliest musicians in Australia to become well known singing Western-style songs in a native language. Frank grew up in Alice Springs and played in a band with his brothers from an early age.

paragraphs: As a teenager, Frank would often play in his father's band, the Pitjantjatjara Country Band. In 1988, he played with them at the Festival of Aboriginal Rock in Darwin. He performed his own music for the first time at another festival in Darwin later that year, playing with an acoustic guitar. His biggest hit, though, was "Make More Spear", written by his father. He played it again at the Port Fairy Folk Festival in Victoria later in the year. In 1989, Yamma recorded an album with a project called "Ulpanyali", released through the Central Australian Aboriginal Media Association (CAAMA). The song "History" was the biggest success and was later included in CAAMA's 25-year anniversary compilation album.

paragraphs: Frank's father died in 1990. In that year, he began playing in a band called the Secret Admirers, put together by Bill Davis. They travelled and played around the Northern Territory. They played at the Barunga Festival in Darwin in 1992. In 1995, he recorded songs with Bart Willoughby, Warren Williams and Tiddas. His solo song "Everybody's Talking" was recorded in Sydney for the Australian Broadcasting Corporation. In 1997, Yamma recorded an album with a project called "Terrasphere". He also released his first short solo album, "Solid Eagle". Both albums were released through CAAMA.

paragraphs: During the late 1990s, Frank began playing songs with David Bridie, and formed a new project called Digital Dreaming with Jim Lampi, Simon MacDonald and Zeus B. Held. The band produced the album "Inma Wiru" in January 1998. In 1999, Yamma formed the band Piranpa. The name means "white" in Pitjantjatjara, which is a reference to the fact that all the other band members are "whitefellas". They released the album "Playing with Fire" later in the same year. It included their version of Frank's song "Everybody's Talking". "Playing with Fire" won the "album of the year" award at the Indigenous Music Awards in 1999. It also won an award at that year's Deadlys. In the 2000 Summer Olympics, Yamma performed songs from the album as part of the torch events at Uluṟu. The song "Everybody's Talking" was included on the Games' official soundtrack.

paragraphs: Frank recorded a new version of his song "Coolibah" in 2001. It was produced by Bridie for the "Corroboration" compilation. It was a slowed-down version of Frank's original recording. The song is about the problems of alcoholism in Aboriginal communities, and is one of Yamma's most well-known songs. In the middle of 2001, Yamma went overseas to the United States and played solo in several major cities. He returned to Australia to play at the Yeperenye Festival in September 2001.

paragraphs: Yamma currently performs mainly solo or with Bridie. They won an AGSC Screen Music Award together in 2005 for the song "Pitjantjara", which was produced for a television mini-series, "The Alice". Yamma released his second solo album, "Countryman", in 2010.


title: 1890 United States Census

paragraphs: The Eleventh United States Census was taken June 2, 1890. The total population was found to be 62,947,714. Most of the 1890 census materials were destroyed in a 1921 fire.

paragraphs: The data was tabulated by machine for the first time. Herman Hollerith invented this way of tabulating data. This technology made the time to tabulate the census change from eight years for the 1880 census to one year for the 1890 census.

paragraphs: 1890 showed a total of 248,253 Native Americans living in America. This is down from 400,764 Native Americans in the 1850 census.

paragraphs: The 1890 census said that the frontier part of the United States no longer existed,


Platonic


title: 1900 United States Census

paragraphs: The Twelfth United States Census was done by the Census Office on June 1, 1900. It found the population of the United States to be 76,212,168. This was an increase of 21.0 percent from the 1890 Census.


title: Chishti

paragraphs: The Chishtī Order or Chishtiyya 'is a Sufi order or school within the mystic tradition of Islam. It began in Chisht, a small town near Herat, Afghanistan in about 930 AD. The Order is known for its emphasis on love, tolerance, and openness.

paragraphs: The order was founded by Abu Ishaq Shami ("the Syrian") who taught Sufism in the town of Chisht, some 95 miles east of Herat in present-day western Afghanistan.

paragraphs: The Chishti Order is mostly followed in Afghanistan and South Asia. It was the first of the four main Sufi orders (Chishti, Qadiriyya, Suhrawardiyya and Naqshbandi) to be established in this region. Moin-ud-din Chishti was a medieval saint who first introduced the Chishti Order in Lahore (Punjab) and Ajmer (Rajasthan), in the early or middle of the 12th century AD. From these places it spread out throughout medieval India. There are now several branches of the order, which has been the most prominent South Asian Sufi brotherhood since that time. Chapters and branches are also found as far as Europe, North America and Australia, introduced there by immigrants from present India and Pakistan.


title: 1910 United States Census

paragraphs: The Thirteenth United States Census was done by the Census Bureau on April 15, 1910. It found the population of the United States to be 92,228,496. This was an increase of 21.0 percent from the 1900 Census.


title: 1920 United States Census

paragraphs: The Fourteenth United States Census was done by the Census Bureau in January 1920. It found the population of the United States to be 106,021,537. This was an increase of 15.0 percent from the 1910 Census.


title: 1930 United States Census

paragraphs: The Fifteenth United States Census was done by the Census Bureau in April 1930. It found the population of the United States to be 122,775,046. It was an increase of 13.7 from the 1920 Census.


title: 1940 United States Census

paragraphs: The Sixteenth United States Census was done by the Census Bureau. It found the population of the United States to be 132,164,569. This was an increase of 7.3 percent from the 1930 population. The census date of record was April 1, 1940.

paragraphs: A number of new questions were asked. These included where people were 5 years before, highest level of education, and information about wages.


title: Moin-ud-din Chishti

paragraphs: Sultan-ul-Hind, Hazrat Sheikh Khwaja Moin-ud-din Chishti Ajmeri, was born in 1141 and died in 1236 AD. He is also known as "Gharīb Nawāz" ( Benefactor of the Poor). He is the most famous Sufi saint of the Chishti Order of South Asia. Moinuddin Chishti introduced and established this Order in India. His shrine is at Ajmer, Rajasthan, India.


title: David Lean

paragraphs: Sir David Lean (1908-1991) was a British movie director. He was born in Croydon, Surrey. He directed "Dr Zhivago", "Lawrence of Arabia" and "The Bridge on the River Kwai". He died in Limehouse, east London.


title: Isaac Yamma

paragraphs: Isaac Yamma (1940 – January 1990) was a country singer from central Australia. He was one of the earliest musicians in Australia to become well known singing Western-style songs in an indigenous language. Isaac was a Pitjantjatjara man who was born by a waterhole near Docker River. He started his musical career as a member of a band called Areyonga Desert Tigers. He later formed his own band, the Pitjantjatjara Country Band. It was made up of his sons Hector, Frank, Peter and Paul and his cousin Russell Yamma. His song were mostly sung in Pitjantjatjara.


title: Bicentenaria

paragraphs: Bicentenaria is a genus of carnivorous coelurosaurian theropods which lived during the early Upper Cretaceous (about 90 million years ago) in what is now Argentina. It contains only the type species, "Bicentenaria argentina". Estimates suggest that it was in length. This name was first reported in June 2012.

paragraphs: The small carnivore is an early relative of the much later giant "Tyrannosaurus".


title: Elasticity of substitution

paragraphs: Elasticity of substitution is a measure of how easily something is able to be substituted with something else. It is often used in marketing and economics. A product has a low elasticity if it is unable to raise its price because similar products (substitutes) are available. A product that is unique is able to charge higher prices because there are not as many choices. For example, in a fish market, there are many fishermen selling many fish. The price is not elastic because there is competition between many suppliers of fish.


title: Suicide Silence

paragraphs: Suicide Silence is an American deathcore band from Riverside, California. Suicide Silence has four members in the band; the current band members are Chris Garza, Mark Heylmun, Alex Lopez and Dan Kenny.

paragraphs: The band was formed in 2002. They released a self-title EP on September 30, 2005 and released their debut album ""The Cleansing"" on September 18, 2007. The band won the Revolver Golden God award for "Best New Talent" in 2009.

paragraphs: On November 1, 2012, the Orange County Coroners Office said that lead singer Mitch Lucker had died from injuries that were caused by a motorcycle accident. In 2013, the band said that Hernan "Eddie" Hermida would become the lead singer for the band. Hermida was the vocalist for All Shall Perish before he joined Suicide Silence.

paragraphs: So far, Suicide Silence have released 5 albums:


title: Kirklees

paragraphs: Kirklees is a part of West Yorkshire in Northern England. Huddersfield is the largest place.


title: Helen Hardacre

paragraphs: Helen Hardacre (born in 1949) is an American academic and Japanologist. At Harvard University, she is the Reischauer Professor of Japanese Religions and Society.

paragraphs: Hardacre is the daughter of British historian Paul H. Hardacre.

paragraphs: Her research was supported by a Gugghenheim fellowship.

paragraphs: Hardacre was Director of the Edwin O. Reischauer Institute of Japanese Studies from 1995 through 1998.

paragraphs: Her research interests focused on religion in Japan and the history of Japan.

paragraphs: In a statistical overview derived from writings by and about Helen Hardacre, OCLC/WorldCat encompasses roughly 30+ works in 80+ publications in 3 languages and 5,000+ library holdings


title: Shandy

paragraphs: Shandy is a drink made of beer and something else, usually soda or lemonade. It is like a cocktail with beer instead of spirits.


title: Tjunkaya Tapaya

paragraphs: Tjunkaya Tapaya (born 1947) is an Aboriginal Australian artist. She is most recognised for her batik work, and is one of the most well-known batik artists in Australia. Her works also include acrylic paintings, weaving, ceramics, wood carving and printmaking. Most of Tapaya's paintings depict places and events from her family's dreaming stories. Her batik work is of the classic Ernabella style, which eschews the Indonesian use of repeated block printed designs in favour of hand-drawn freehand designs or "walka". These "walka" are pure design and do not refer to, or contain reference to, dreamings or "tjukurpa".

paragraphs: Tjunkaya is a member of the Pitjantjatjara people. She was born in the desert in the far northwest of South Australia. Her mother had walked from Walytjitjata, in the Northern Territory, and arrived at Ernabella Mission at Pukatja or Ernabella shortly after Tjunkaya's birth. Ernabella was run by missionaries at the time, and Tjunkaya grew up there. The craft room at Ernabella Mission was established in 1948 and nurtured the artistic talents of Tjunkaya and other children and adults living on the Mission. The craft room taught spinning and weaving originally but later added batik and painting to its activities, and later still became a professionally run Aboriginal-owned incorporated arts enterprise known as Ernabella Arts after the Mission was closed and the land returned to its traditional Pitjantjatjara owners.

paragraphs: Like most early artists in her community, Tjunkaya's original style came from "milpatjunanyi" – an ancient Western Desert practice of drawing in the sand to tell stories to children. This is the basis of the classic Ernabella "walka".

paragraphs: Ernabella women began to be taught batik making in 1971. In 1974, Ernabella Arts sent Tjunkaya to Yogyakarta with several other Pitjantjatjara women to learn more about making batik from Indonesian artists.

paragraphs: Tjunkaya's work has been shown in several exhibitions in Australia, Europe, North America and Southeast Asia. Tapaya has work in the National Gallery of Victoria, the State Library of South Australia, the Queensland Gallery of Modern Art, the National Gallery of Australia, the National Museum of Australia, and the British Museum.


title: 1968 Atlantic hurricane season

paragraphs: The 1968 Atlantic hurricane season officially began on June 1, 1968, and lasted until November 30, 1968. These dates are conventionally the period of each year when most tropical cyclones form in the Atlantic basin.

paragraphs: Three storms formed in June, making it one of the most active Junes on record. The early part of the season had the most activity, and the season ended quietly compared to the beginning. There were eight named storms, and no major hurricanes. This shows that early season activity has no indication on the entire season. Hurricane Gladys was the costliest storm of the season, causing more than $6 million (1968 USD) in damage as it moved northward through Florida, Cuba, and North Carolina.

paragraphs: The following names were used for named storms (tropical storms and hurricanes) that formed in the North Atlantic in 1968.

paragraphs: The list is mostly the same as the 1964 season, save for Candy, Dolly, Edna, Frances, Hannah, and Ingrid, which replaced Cleo, Dora, Ethel, Florence, Hilda, and Isbell (although Ethel, Florence, and Isbell were not retired). A storm was named Candy for the first time in 1968. Names that were not assigned are marked in .

paragraphs: No names were retired this season. However, the name Edna was later retroactively retired because of the Hurricane Edna of the 1954 season, and has not been used since.


title: Basil Hall Chamberlain

paragraphs: Basil Hall Chamberlain (18 October 1850–15 February 1935) was a British academic, editor, translator, and Japanologist.

paragraphs: Chamberlain is best known as the author of "Things Japanese", which was first published in 1890

paragraphs: Along with Ernest Mason Satow and William George Aston, Chamberlain was one of three major British Japanologists during the 19th century.

paragraphs: Chamberlain taught at the Imperial Japanese Naval Academy in Tokyo from 1874 to 1882.

paragraphs: He was a professor of Japanese language at Tokyo Imperial University from 1886 to 1911.

paragraphs: In an overview of writings by and about Chamberlain, OCLC/WorldCat lists roughly 320+ works in 860+ publications in 6 languages and 6,100+ library holdings .


title: The Gherkin

paragraphs: 30 St Mary Axe is a skyscraper in London's financial district, the City of London. It was formerly named the Swiss Re Building, after Swiss Reinsurance Company. The tower is also known as "The Gherkin". The building was finished in December 2003. It was opened at the end of May 2004. Swiss Re Tower has 41 floors. The tower is tall. It is on the site of the former Baltic Exchange, which was badly damaged in 1992 by the explosion of a bomb by the Provisional IRA.

paragraphs: 30 St Mary Axe was designed by Norman Foster and Arup engineers. It was built by Skanska in 2001–2003.

paragraphs: The building has become an iconic symbol of London. It is one of the city's most well known examples of modern architecture.


title: Pancho Villa

paragraphs: José Doroteo Arango Arámbula (5 June 1878 – 20 July 1923), better known by his nickname Pancho Villa, was a Mexican revolutionary leader who advocated for the poor and wanted agrarian reform. Though he was a killer, a bandit, and a revolutionary leader, many remember him as a folk hero. Pancho Villa was also responsible for a raid on Columbus, New Mexico in 1916, which was the first attack on U.S. soil since 1812. "Pancho" was a revolutionary advocate for the less fortunate.


title: Order of the Rising Sun

paragraphs: The is a Japanese government honor established in 1875 by Emperor Meiji. The Order was the first national decoration awarded by the Japanese Government, It was created on April 10, 1875 by decree of the Council of State.

paragraphs: The modern version of this honor has been given to non-Japanese recipients beginning in 1981.

paragraphs: The awarding of the Order is administered by the Decoration Bureau of Office of the Prime Minister. It is awarded in the name of the Emperor.

paragraphs: The Order was awarded in nine classes until 2003. Since then, it has been awarded in seven classes.

paragraphs: In 2003, this grade of the Order was abolished.


title: Marina City

paragraphs: The Marina City was designed in 1959 by architect Bertrand Goldberg and was finished in 1964 at a cost of $36 million to a large extent by the union of building janitors and elevator operators, who wanted to reverse the pattern of white flight from the city's downtown area.

paragraphs: When it was finished, the two towers were both the tallest residential buildings and the tallest reinforced concrete structures in the world. The complex was built as a city within a city, featuring numerous on-site facilities including a theatre, gym, swimming pool, ice rink, bowling alley, several stores, restaurants, and a marina.


title: Raul Julia

paragraphs: Raúl Rafael Juliá y Arcelay (March 9, 1940 – October 24, 1994) was a Puerto Rican movie, television, stage, voice, and radio actor who is known for his role as Gomez Addams in "The Addams Family" and in "Addams Family Values". He won an Golden Globe Award and an Screen Actors Guild Award in 1994 and an Emmy Award in 1995.

paragraphs: Juliá was born on March 9, 1940 in San Juan, Puerto Rico. He was raised in New York City, New York. He studied at Fordham University and at Colegio San Ignacio de Loyola.

paragraphs: Juliá was married to Magda Vasallo from 1965 until they divorced in 1969. Then he was married to Merel Poloway from 1976 until his death in 1994. Juliá died on October 24, 1994 from stomach cancer and from a stroke in Manhasset, New York, aged 54.


title: Shelley Berman

paragraphs: Sheldon Leonard "Shelley" Berman (February 3, 1925 – September 1, 2017) was an American comedian, movie, television, stage, radio, voice actor, writer, teacher, screenwriter, educator, and poet who is known for his roles in "The Steve Allen Show" and in "Divorce American Style". He won a Grammy Award.

paragraphs: Berman was of Jewish descent. He was born and raised in Chicago, Illinois on February 3, 1925. He studied at the Goodman Theatre in Chicago. He was married to Sarah Herman since 1947. They had two adopted children, one who died from a brian tumor.

paragraphs: Berman won the first Grammy Award for a spoken comedy recording. The first standup comedian to perform at Carnegie Hall, Berman appeared on numerous television specials and all of the major variety shows of the day.

paragraphs: Berman died of complications from Alzheimer's disease on September 1, 2017 at his home in Bell Canyon, California at the age of 92.


title: Ole Kirk Christiansen

paragraphs: Ole Kirk Christiansen (April 7, 1891 – March 11, 1958) was the founder of Lego in 1949.

paragraphs: Christiansen was born on April 7, 1891 in Filskov, Denmark. He first worked as a carpenter and later started creating unsuccessful toys for kids in Denmark after his wife's death and had to raise four of his children on his own. He was working as a carpenter until creating Legos in 1949. Christiansen died on March 11, 1958 from an heart attack, aged 66.


title: Beau Bridges

paragraphs: Lloyd Vernet "Beau" Bridges III (born December 9, 1941) is an American movie, television, stage, voice actor and movie director who is known for his role as Frank Baker in "The Fabulous Baker Boys". He has won two Emmy Awards and two Golden Globe Awards.

paragraphs: Bridges was born on December 9, 1941 in Los Angeles, California to Lloyd Bridges and to Dorothy Simpson. He studied at the University of Hawaii and the University of California, Los Angeles. Bridges was married to Julie Landfield from 1964 until they divorced in 1984. Then he was married to Wendy Treece since 1984. He has 2 children with Landfield and 3 with Treece. His brother is actor Jeff Bridges.


title: Fred Haise

paragraphs: Fred Wallace Haise, Jr. (born November 14, 1933) is an American engineer and former NASA astronaut. He is one of only 24 humans to have flown to the Moon. Having flown on Apollo 13, Haise was to be the sixth human to walk on the Moon, but the mission did not land due to a failure aboard the spacecraft. He was born on November 14, 1933 in Biloxi, Mississippi.


title: Gurdjieff

paragraphs: George Ivanovich Gurdjieff (13 January 1866 – 29 October 1949), usually called Gurdjieff, was an Armenian guru and writer. He was an influential spiritual teacher of the first half of the 20th century. He was influenced by Sufi, Zen and Yoga mystics he met on his early travels.

paragraphs: Gurdjieff taught that most people live their entire lives in a state of hypnotic "waking sleep":

paragraphs: Gurdjieff developed a method for working towards a higher state of consciousness and achieving full human potential. He called this

paragraphs: Gurdjieff's method for awakening one's consciousness is different from that of the fakir, monk or yogi, so his discipline was called originally the "Fourth Way".

paragraphs: At different times in his life, Gurdjieff started and closed various schools around the world to teach the work. He said that the teachings he brought to the West came from his own experiences and early travels. The teachings expressed the truth found in ancient religions. They were wisdom teachings relating to self-awareness in people's daily lives, and humanity's place in the universe.

paragraphs: There is a 1979 British film, "Meetings with Remarkable Men", directed by Peter Brook. It is based on the book of the same name by Gurdjieff. It was shot on location in Afghanistan (except for dance sequences, which were filmed in England). It starred Terence Stamp as Prince Lubovedsky, and Dragan Maksimovic as the adult Gurdjieff. The film was entered into the 29th Berlin International Film Festival and nominated for the Golden Bear prize.


title: James Brady

paragraphs: James Scott "Jim" Brady (August 29, 1940 – August 4, 2014) was an American journalist, politician, and activist. He was an assistant to the President and White House Press Secretary under U.S. President Ronald Reagan.

paragraphs: Brady was born in Centralia, Illinois on August 29, 1940 to Harold J. Brady and to Dorothy (née Davidson). He studied at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.

paragraphs: Brady became Ronald Reagan's White House Press Secretary in 1981.

paragraphs: Brady was nearly killed a few weeks after becoming Press Secretary. On March 30, 1981 John Hinckley tried to assassination President Reagan with a gun. Brady was shot in the head and became disabled.

paragraphs: After Brady's near death, he and his wife, Sarah, became a supporter of gun control. He was also an activist for gun control.

paragraphs: Together with his wife, Sarah, who was Chair of the Brady Campaign to Prevent Gun Violence (formerly known as Handgun Control, Inc.), co-founded by N.T. Pete Shields, Brady quickly fought for handgun control and assault weapon restrictions. The Brady Handgun Violence Prevention Act, also known simply as "the Brady Bill", was named in his honor.

paragraphs: In 2000, the Press Briefing Room at the White House was renamed after Brady as the James S. Brady Press Briefing Room.

paragraphs: Brady married Sue Beh in 1961. That marriage ended in divorce in 1968. Brady married Sarah, in 1973; the couple had two children, Scott and Melissa.

paragraphs: Brady died on August 4, 2014 in Alexandria, Virginia, aged 73. His death has been said to be a homicide caused by the gunshot wound he received in 1981, about 33 years before.


title: 1950 United States Census

paragraphs: The Seventeenth United States Census was done by the Census Bureau. It found the population of the United States to be 150,697,361. This was an increase of 14.5 percent from the 1940 Census.


title: 1960 United States Census

paragraphs: The Eighteenth United States Census was done by the Census Bureau. It found the population of the United States to be 179,323,175. This was an increase of 18.5 percent from the 1950 Census.


title: 1970 United States Census

paragraphs: The Nineteenth United States Census done by the Census Bureau. The population of the United States was 203,392,031. This was an increase of 13.4 percent from the 1960 Census.


title: 1980 United States Census

paragraphs: The Twentieth United States Census was done by the Census Bureau. It found the population of the United States to be 226,545,805. It was an increase of 11.4 percent from the 1970 Census.

paragraphs: It was the first census not to ask for the name of the "head of household." About 16 percent of households received a "long form" of the 1980 census. It had over 100 questions.


title: 1990 United States Census

paragraphs: The Twenty-first United States Census was done by the Census Bureau. The population of the United Stateswas 248,709,873. This was an increase of 9.8 percent from the 1980 Census.

paragraphs: About 16 percent of households received a "long form" of the 1990 census. It had over 100 questions. It was the first census to have "Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander" as a racial group separate from Asians.


title: Ann B. Davis

paragraphs: Ann Bradford Davis (May 3, 1926 – June 1, 2014) was an American movie, stage, voice, and television actress. She was known for her role as Alice Nelson, the housekeeper in "The Brady Bunch". Her career began in 1953. She retired in 1997. She won two Emmy Awards in 1957 and in 1959.

paragraphs: Davis was born on May 3, 1926 in Schenectady, New York. She moved to Erie, Pennsylvania when she was three. She studied at Strong Vincent High School and at the University of Michigan. Davis died on June 1, 2014 in San Antonio, Texas from complications from a fall, aged 88.


title: United States Census

paragraphs: The United States Census is a census done in the United States every ten years. It is required by the United States Constitution which calls for a decennial census done in years ending in "0" since 1790. It is actually two census counts taken concurrently (at the same time). The first is the census of the population, taken from 1790 to the present. The second is the census of housing, which counts the number of residential housing units, and was taken from 1940 to the present. Among other uses, the count is used to determine how many places in the House of Representatives each state has. It also determines how much government money is spent in different locations.

paragraphs: The United States Census Bureau is responsible for the United States Census. The first census after the American Revolution was in 1790. Secretary of State Thomas Jefferson was responsible for this first census.


title: Leonard Maltin

paragraphs: Leonard Maltin (born December 18, 1950) is an American movie critic and historian. He wrote several books on cinema and celebrity biographies. He is known for creating the Walt Disney Treasures collections which is made up of classic Disney cartoons.

paragraphs: Maltin was born on December 18, 1950 in New York City. He was raised in Teaneck, New Jersey. He studied at Teaneck High School and at New York University. He was married to Alice Tlusty since 1975. They have one daughter.

paragraphs: In July 2018, Maltin announced that he had been diagnosed with Parkinson's disease in early 2015.


title: 2020 United States Census

paragraphs: The 2020 United States Census, known as Census 2020, will be the twenty-fourth United States Census. National Census Day will be April 1, 2020.

paragraphs: In 2020, the United States population is projected to be 332,555,000, a 7.71% increase from the 2010 Census.

paragraphs: The Department of Commerce announced in March 2018 that the 2020 Census will ask if individuals are United States citizens according to a request from the Trump administration. 11 states (Connecticut, Delaware, Illinois, Massachusetts, New Jersey, New Mexico, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Washington, California) have said they would sue to block the Trump administration's request.


title: Jimmy Smits

paragraphs: Jimmy Smits (born July 9, 1955) is an American movie, television, stage, and voice actor who is known for his role as Victor Sifuentes in "L.A. Law". He won an Golden Globe Award, an Emmy Award, an Saturn Award, and an Screen Actors Guild Award.

paragraphs: Smits was born on July 9, 1955 in Brooklyn, New York City, New York. He studied at Brooklyn College and at Cornell University. Smits was married to Barbara Smits from 1981 until they divorced in 1987. He was partners with Wanda De Jesus since 1986. With Barbara, he has two children.


title: Interair South Africa

paragraphs: Interair South Africa is an airline based in Johannesburg, South Africa. It operates scheduled passenger services from Johannesburg to regional destinations in Africa. Its main base is OR Tambo International Airport, Johannesburg.

paragraphs: Interair South Africa operates services to the following international scheduled destinations at January 2011:

paragraphs: The Interair South Africa fleet includes the following aircraft as of 1 January 2011:


title: Aligarh Muslim University

paragraphs: The Aligarh Muslim University (AMU) is a major university in the town of Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India. It was originally founded by Sir Syed Ahmed Khan in 1875, as the Mohammedan Anglo-Oriental College (better known as MAO College). It became a full university in 1920.

paragraphs: Osman Ali Khan, Asaf Jah VII donated 5 Lakh Indian Rupees in the 1930's towards this University.


title: Steve Tom

paragraphs: Steve Tom (born September 20, 1953) is an American movie, and television actor. He has guest-starred in a number of television shows including "Major Crimes", "Modern Family", "How I Met Your Mother", "Drake & Josh", "ER", "NYPD Blue", "Sleeper Cell", "Two and a Half Men", "Prison Break", "The West Wing" and other television series. For two seasons, he was in "Funny or Die Presents".

paragraphs: He also appeared in some movies "The Campaign", "The Guilt Trip", "Seven Pounds", "First Daughter", "Disney's The Kid", "Pulse", "Rendition" and "".

paragraphs: Tom was born on September 20, 1953 in Houston, Texas.


title: 67th Punjabis

paragraphs: The 67th Punjabis were an infantry regiment of the old British Indian Army.

paragraphs: After World War I the Indian government reformed the army in 1922. The 67th Punjabis became the 1st and 10th (Training) Battalions, of the 2nd Punjab Regiment. After independence in 1947 they were one of the regiments allocated to the Indian Army.


title: Johnny Hardwick

paragraphs: Jonathon David Hardwick Jr. (born September 21, 1963) is an American movie, voice, and television actor, writer, editor, movie and television producer, and comedian who is known for the voice of Dale Gribble in "King of the Hill".

paragraphs: Hardwick was born on September 21, 1963 in Austin, Texas. He studied at Texas Tech University.


title: Darien, Connecticut

paragraphs: Darien is a rich town in Fairfield County, Connecticut, United States. It is a small community on Connecticut's "Gold Coast". There were 20,732 people at the 2010 census. Darien was #9 on CNN Money's list of "top-earning towns" in the United States as of 2011.


title: 2 Punjab Regiment

paragraphs: The 2nd Punjab Regiment was a British Indian Army regiment from 1922 to the partition of India in 1947.

paragraphs: The regiment was formed by the amalgamation of the following regiments:

paragraphs: After the independence and partition of India in August 1947, this regiment became the Punjab Regiment (India).


title: Weston, Connecticut

paragraphs: Weston is a town in Fairfield County, Connecticut. The population was 10,179 at the 2010 census. About 19% of the town's workforce travels to New York City for work.

paragraphs: Like many towns in southwestern Connecticut, Weston is one of the richest communities in the United States. In 2010 the median household income was US$180,321.

paragraphs: Most of Devil's Den Preserve is in the town. It is a nature reserve which gets 40,000 visits a year.


title: Pakistan Television

paragraphs: Pakistan Television or the Pakistan Television Corporation (commonly known as PTV) is the official, state-owned television channel of the Government of Pakistan. It was established in 1964.


title: Wawiriya Burton

paragraphs: Wawiriya Burton is an Australian Aboriginal artist. She is known for her acrylic paintings. Her paintings are representations of sacred stories from the Dreamtime. Like other Aboriginal artists, the representations are blurred (or encrypted) for cultural reasons. The full meaning of her artworks can only be understood or deciphered by people who have been initiated. Burton is a "ngangkaṟi" (traditional healer), so she has more knowledge about sacred traditions than most in her community.

paragraphs: Wawiriya belongs to the Pitjantjatjara. She was born in outback central Australia some time during the 1920s.. She grew up living a traditional, nomadic way of life. Her family lived in her father's homeland, around what is now Pipalyatjara.

paragraphs: Wawiriya lives in Amaṯa, where she began working at the Tjala Arts centre in 2008. Tjala (originally Minymaku Arts) had been set up by the women of the community in 1999. She made wood carvings and baskets from spinifex originally, but later learned to paint from the other women.

paragraphs: Wawiriya's artworks have been displayed in exhibitions in Sydney, Canberra, Melbourne, Adelaide, Perth and Alice Springs. Her work is held in the National Gallery of Victoria, the Art Gallery of New South Wales, and the Art Gallery of South Australia.


title: South Hampton Roads

paragraphs: South Hampton Roads is a region of the U.S. state of Virginia. It in the most southeastern part of the state. The area is part of the Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC MSA (Metropolitan Statistical Area). About 1.7 million people live there.

paragraphs: Hampton Roads is the common name for the metropolitan area around the body of water of the same name. The land area of Hampton Roads is divided into two regions. These are South Hampton Roads on the south side and the Virginia Peninsula on the north side. People who live there commonly call South Hampton Roads "the Southside".

paragraphs: As of the 2010 Census, the Hampton Roads MSA is the fifth largest metropolitan area by size in the southeastern United States. It is the second-largest between Washington, D.C. and Atlanta, Georgia.

paragraphs: The decision to call the region "Hampton Roads" was a political one. The area was called "Tidewater" for many years by the people who lived there. The local baseball team was called the Tidewater Tides for years. It is now called the Norfolk Tides. When they first came to Tidewater, they used the popular name to draw more fans.

paragraphs: South Hampton Roads is home to many United States military bases.

paragraphs: Norfolk Naval Shipyard and Naval Medical Center, Portsmouth are in Portsmouth. They are two very important and historic bases. The shipyard was created as the Gosport Shipyard on November 1, 1767. It had the county's first dry dock. The name was changed after the American Civil War. Although it is in Portsmouth, the name Norfolk was chosen because there was another U.S. Navy shipyard at Portsmouth, New Hampshire. There are also many smaller bases in Portsmouth.

paragraphs: Norfolk is the home of Naval Station Norfolk. It is the main base for United States Navy's Atlantic Fleet. The base was created in 1917. It is the largest naval facility in the world.

paragraphs: Virginia Beach is home to the Navy's Naval Air Station Oceana (NAS Oceana) and Naval Amphibious Base Little Creek (NAB Little Creek). NAS Oceana is the largest employer in Virginia Beach. Both bases there, like the Norfolk Navy Base, are said to be the largest of their kinds in the world. Also in Virginia Beach is NAVSEA Dam Neck and the home of Joint Expeditionary Base East

paragraphs: St. Julien's Creek Annex is a U.S. Navy base in Chesapeake. It is on the Elizabeth River. It began in 1849. It is currently part of the Norfolk Navy Base. Chesapeake is also home to U.S. Naval Auxiliary Landing Field Fentress. It is used to help support training for NAS Oceana.

paragraphs: From Colonial times through the first 150 years of the United States, South Hampton Roads was almost always changing. Local governments changed mainly because of growth in population. Counties were divided and towns were created as the population grew. Some towns grew to become cities. in 1871, changes were made to the state constitution. One of these changes made all cities in Virginia independent cities of the counties they had been a part of.

paragraphs: In the second half of the 20th century, many city-county-town local government joined together in South Hampton Roads and on the Virginia Peninsula. Many small towns and cities joined together to create a small number of larger cities. Nowhere else in Virginia have rural areas and more dense cities been combined in this way. The changes caused the area to have Virginia's cities with the largest land areas and the most farming.

paragraphs: The South Hampton Roads region has five independent cities, two counties, and five incorporated towns.

paragraphs: Other settlements in South Hampton Roads no longer exist. No less than 2 shires, 6 counties, 1 town, and 2 entire cities no longer exist in the South Hampton Roads area.

paragraphs: The following is a listing of these 11 extinct shire, counties, towns, and cities, with the approximate dates they existed:


title: Gene therapy

paragraphs: Gene therapy means putting in a working gene to a person who has a damaged gene. The European Commission has approved this method for one particular treatment. The treatment by the product "Glybera" uses a virus to infect muscle cells with a working copy of the gene. The European Commission has given "Glybera" marketing authorisation, which means it can be sold throughout the EU.

paragraphs: One in a million people have damaged copies of the lipase gene needed to break down fats. Fat builds up in their blood; this leads to pain and inflammation of the pancreas (pancreatitis). It is life-threatening. Up to now, the only way to manage the condition is to have a very low-fat diet.

paragraphs: When used in this way, a virus is a vector. That means it is a carrier; the gene has been inserted into the viral genome, and the virus sticks it into the human cells. The technique is called transfection. This technique is different from the gene knockout technique, which does not use a viral vector.

paragraphs: China was the first country to approve the commercial production of a gene therapy, in 2003. That gene therapy is for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC)—a cancer that occurs in 10% of new cancers in China. There are 2.5 million new cancer patients every year in China.

paragraphs: Sold under the brand name "Gendicine", the world's first commercial gene therapy also uses a virus to insert the gene into the human genome.

paragraphs: The possibility of gene therapy was talked about as soon as the roles of DNA and RNA were known about. The first specific publication was in 1972.

paragraphs: Many more types of gene therapy are in the trial stage. It is clear that a cycle of events will be part of future clinical medicine: DNA sequence analysis > identify defective genes > fix genes with gene therapy or gene knockout. There are sometimes problems of side-effects; these may be discovered at the trial stage. There is now a database which lists all known clinical trials.


title: Ruby Tjangawa Williamson

paragraphs: Ruby Tjangawa Williamson is a Pitjantjatjara artist from Amaṯa, in central Australia. She makes acrylic paintings and traditional wood carvings, and is one of the most successful artists from the region. Her paintings have attracted critical acclaim for her unusually modern style. Ruby paints sacred stories from the Dreamtime that have morals or lessons from her people's traditional law. She uses the typical style of the Western Desert, but the techniques and imagery are more modern. Her style is said to be experimental.

paragraphs: Ruby is a member of the Pitjantjatjara nation. She was born about 1940, at a sacred site near Kata Ala, Western Australia. She grew up with her family in the bushland along the western side of the border with South Australia. Her family spent most of their time travelling between her father's homeland near Pukara and her mother's around Mantamaru. When Ruby was a teenager, they followed other Pitjantjatjara families to settle at Ernabella, far to the east. Ruby grew up and went to school at the mission there until she got married.

paragraphs: Ruby's husband was a stockman whose family came from what is now Amaṯa, west of Ernabella. After they got married, they moved north to Areyonga, where he worked on the cattle station. They later moved back to his homeland, where he got a job on the Musgrave Park station. They had five children together, before her husband died in his early 40s.

paragraphs: In 1999, the senior women of Amaṯa, including Ruby, founded Minymaku Arts (it is now called Tjala Arts). Ruby began working there herself in 2000. Her first solo exhibitions were in Hobart in 2003 and 2005, and then in Melbourne in 2008. Her artwork has been shown alongside works by other Tjala artists in every major city in Australia. She has also had her work shown in group exhibitions in Singapore and the United States. Her work is held in the National Gallery of Victoria, the Art Gallery of South Australia, the Queensland Art Gallery, the National Gallery of Australia, and the Museum and Art Gallery of the Northern Territory.


title: Military science

paragraphs: Military science (also military studies) is the science on war, army and military operations.

paragraphs: The general purpose of the military science is to make clear how to win war. The historical root of the military science is the book that was written by Carl von Clausewitz who was a soldier in the Prussian army in the 19th century. In this book, Clausewitz made a discovery that war is an instrument for political act not only a violent action. Clausewitz suggested the relation between policy and war, and made it easy to define the being of the war as the means to enforce our will to the others with physical forces. This realistic view of the war that the political power controls military operations is meeting to the military science. The problem for military scientists is to study how to operate military actions.

paragraphs: Military science has some branches below.

paragraphs: In military science today, there are branches of each kind of military force; the army fights on land, the navy fights in the sea, and the air force fights in the air.

paragraphs: The most basic ideas in military science can be cut down five words; defense, attack, military mean, military aim and political end. In military science, the all form of the battles can be identified with defense and attack. The defense is to destroy enemy attack waiting on own positions, the attack is to destroy enemy going ahead. The result of the battle depends on the amount military means and military aim. Military mean can be called combat power can be followed from the number and quality of military force. Military aim is the specific target to decide how to use military mean with attack or defense. In military science, political end has the idea of the most reason to fight war against enemy. In short, military science generally researches the cause and effects of military operations between attacker and defender in terms of military means and aim, starting from the political end.

paragraphs: In the ancient era, military science started from records on the art of war rather than the science of war. Herodotus and Thucydides wrote the history of the Persian war and Peloponnesian wars. About the same time, Sun Tzu, a strategist in ancient China, wrote "The Art of War". This book showed that war is a serious way for the life and death of nations and surprise is important in the art of war. After the age of the Roman empire, Flavius Vegetius Renatus wrote Roman military theory in his book called "On Military Affairs". Vegetius noted Roman military power was based on discipline, which makes military organizations organized. The Roman way of war that Vegetius recorded had historical influences on military minds of people on Europe for a long time.

paragraphs: However, development of guns and artillery made military revolution that changed the art of war by the beginning of the modern age. Political modernization after religious reform also made important influences to the way of war because states got larger political power to establish modern military forces. The Napoleonic wars was caused by the changes in the way of war. Napoleon Bonaparte, who was one of the most experienced and known generals in military history, made a new idea on how to win wars in the Napoleonic wars. Considering the relations between force, space and time, Napoleon tried to attack the side and back of the enemy forces in battle through strategic movement and tactical surprise. The Napoleonic way of war was to spread out forces by the coming chance of fight, and concentrate forces at the most important time. This made it possible to win wars against the enemy even if his military force was weaker than the enemy force.

paragraphs: In this period, military theory made great progress. Antoine Henri Jomini, who served under Napoleon, wrote Napoleonic art of war as military theory in his "Summary of the Art of War". Jomini said there are few rules in the science of war. Jomini's theory gave reasons on how Napoleon won his wars by keeping the universal rule of war. Clausewitz, who served under Prussia fighting against Napoleon in war, also explained the nature of war through scientific studies on the Napoleonic wars. In his book "On War", Clausewtiz said the nature of war has laws that policy controls military operations in war. He also wrote that the mathematical model called law of number can be used to understand and how many results happen in a fight. In the debate of whether attack or defense was the stronger military action, Clausewitz supported defense because defending forces are able to use positions in a battle.

paragraphs: Napoleonic military theory changed military minds in the Western world in the late 19th century. Dennis Hart Mahan, who was in the United States army, was developed Napoleonic military art in his "Elementary Treatise on Advanced Guard, Outposts, and Detachment Service of Troops" and taught it in military school. Alfred Thayer Mahan, his son, wrote "The Influence of Sea Power Upon History, 1660–1783" and became a naval strategist based on the military theory of Jomini and Clausewitz. In the Prussian army, Helmunth von Moltke lead studies of military theory, and made ideas of "Auftragstaktik" (mission tactics). By Moltke's study, Prussia got theories on how to move forces faster in the field and showed evidence of this theory through victory in the Franco-Prussian War. Alfred von Schlieffen, Prussian general and military theorist, made the plan of a two-front war against France and Russia, using fast strategic movement. In France, Charles J. J. J. Ardant du Picq developed military theory in his "Battle Studies" from the point of mental part of war. Ardnt du Picq thought military action is related to mental situations of military force.

paragraphs: During World War I and World War II, military scientists thought on the nature of total war. In World War I, Germany's general Hindenburg Ludendorff supported the idea of total war, appealing total effort by all nations for war. France's general Ferdinand Foch also said the victory depends on the will of the nation to fight the war. In this war, John Frederick Charles Fuller, who served in British army, found armored warfare important in land operations, because old land tactics could not work under modern firepower. In World War II, the air force started to develop as a military branch like the army and navy. Its military meaning was founded by an Italian soldier Giulio Douhet suggesting the use of strategic bombing to destroy the capital cities and industrial areas, not only the front. From the point of the naval view, aircraft can be used in sea battle with aircraft carriers. Ozawa Jisaburo, who served in Japanese navy, made an idea to put aircraft carriers on the center of naval power.

paragraphs: The end of the World War II in 1945 was the beginning of the Cold War between the United States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. It was necessary for military scientists to consider how to control nuclear weapons that superpowers developed in World War II. The nuclear weapons changed the strategic condition of the possible war. Military theorists had to consider how to avoid nuclear war and how to deal with nuclear strategy. Bernard Brodie, a military scientist in the United States, suggested to change the purpose of the military forces to deterrence from victory in his book "The Absolute Weapons". The idea of deterrence is to control enemy nuclear attack by letting the enemy know his risk of nuclear counterattack. Military science is no longer for military operations, but for the whole of the national security policy. Basil Henry Liddell-Hart, British military strategist, also said the old idea of strategy is narrow to use in nuclear age. His discovery was the idea of strategy can be used in matters of national security. This kind of strategy called grand strategy, or national security strategy spread for military theorists today.


title: Brian Pimental

paragraphs: Brian Pimental (born 1961, Boston, Massachusetts) is an American veteran animator, storyboard artist, movie director and screenwriter. He's best known for directing the 2006 classic "Bambi II".

paragraphs: Brian started his career at Walt Disney Animation Studios as a trainee in "Oliver & Company". He became a story artist in "Beauty and the Beast" and "Aladdin". Then, he became one of the screenwriters for "A Goofy Movie". He got his first ASIFA award nomination. His second nomination was for "Tarzan".

paragraphs: Pimental first time directing was on "Bambi II". He won the ASIFA award for best non-theatrical movie. In the movie, he also made the voices for the Groundhog and Porcupine. "Bambi II" received mixed to positive reviews. It has a rating of 60% in Rotten Tomatoes and an overall rating of 6.5 out of 10 in IMDb.

paragraphs: Brian was born in Massachusetts. He earned a Bachelor of Fine Arts Degree at the California Institute of the Arts.


title: Pituitary adenoma

paragraphs: Pituitary adenomas are tumors that occur in the pituitary gland. Pituitary tumors are generally divided into three kinds dependant upon their biological functioning: benign adenoma, invasive adenoma or carcinomas, with carcinomas accounting for 0.1% to 0.2%, appoximately 35% being invasive adenomas and most being benign adenomas. Pituitary adenomas represent from 10% to 25% of all brain tumors and is thought to happen in about 17% to 25% of most people.

paragraphs: Non-invasive and non-secreting pituitary adenomas are considered to be benign [harmless]; but a recent large study (Fernández-Balsells, "et al." 2011) has shown there are few studies to prove if this is true or not.

paragraphs: Adenomas that are bigger than are called "macroadenomas", and those smaller than 10 mm are called "microadenomas". Most pituitary adenomas are microadenomas. Most pituitary microadenomas often remain undiagnosed and those that are diagnosed are often found as an "incidental finding" [which means found by chance], and are called "incidentalomas".

paragraphs: Invasive adenomas may invade the dura mater, cranial bone, or sphenoid bone. It used to be thought that clinically active pituitary adenomas were rare but recent studies have suggested that they may affect about one in 1000 of the general population.


title: Skull bossing

paragraphs: Skull bossing is when the bones of the skull become bigger than normal which most often occurs in the frontal bones beneath the forehead. Skull bossing may happen from different medical conditions.

paragraphs: Frontal bossing is when the forehead becomes bigger than normal which may also make the brow ridge stick out more. It happens when the frontal bone becomes bigger because of a medical condition. This often happens when other facial bones of the skull become bigger too, as well as the jaw bone and the bones in the hands and feet. Frontal bossing is usually seen in a few rare medical syndromes such as acromegaly - a chronic medical disorder in which the anterior pituitary gland makes to much growth hormone (GH).

paragraphs: Turricephaly often called "tower skull", may be caused by different medical conditions. In some cases such as Apert and Pfeiffer syndromes, it is caused when sutures in the skull close before they are supposed to.

paragraphs: Turricephaly is also one of the most common problems which affect the bones of the face and skull in those with Sickle-cell disease.


title: The Trevor Project

paragraphs: The Trevor Project is an American nonprofit group started in 1998. It offers help to lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and questioning (LGBTQ) young people who may be thinking of killing or hurting themselves. They have a telephone number which is free to call for help and someone to talk to.


title: National Suicide Prevention Lifeline

paragraphs: The National Suicide Prevention Lifeline 1-800-273-TALK is a network of help centers in the United States. It tries to stop people from hurting themselves or committing suicide, and help them through counselling. It is made up of 159 crisis centers in the United States. It has a 24-hour telephone number that is free to call for people who feel like killing themselves or have big problems that they need to talk about with someone. After dialing 1-800-273-TALK (8255), the person calling is connected to their nearest crisis center to get immediate counseling and referrals to local mental health services. The Lifeline supports people who call for themselves or someone they care about.

paragraphs: On December 12, 2019, the US Federal Communications Commission approved a rule that will make 988 the official number for the Lifeline. The 988 number is expected to be fully in place by mid-2021.


title: Kids Help Phone

paragraphs: Kids Help Phone (), is a Canadian service for children and young people. It provides counselling and information on the phone and the internet to children who may have problems that they need to talk about with someone. The telephone number is free to call or the person may leave a post on the Kids Help Phone website.

paragraphs: As a charity Kids Help phone relies on the support of community-based volunteers and individual and corporate donors for financial support.


title: John Glover

paragraphs: John Soursby Glover, Jr. (born August 7, 1944) is an American movie, television, stage, and voice actor. He is known for his roles in "RoboCop 2", "Scrooged", "Batman & Robin", "", and in his television role as Lionel Luther in "Smallville". He won an Tony Award in 1995.

paragraphs: Glover was born in Kingston, New York on August 7, 1944. He was raised in Salisbury, Maryland. Glover studied at Wicomico High School and at Towson University. Glover is openly gay. He is partners with Adam Kurtzman since 1993.


title: The Jed Foundation

paragraphs: The Jed Foundation is a non-profit organization working to reduce the rate of suicide and emotional distress among college students. It is the largest such effort in the United States. It works with the government program, Suicide Prevention Resource Center, to develop and spread suicide prevention strategies.

paragraphs: The Jed Foundation was founded in 2000 by Donna and Phil Satow. Their son Jed, a second year student at the University of Arizona, ended his life after struggling with college life. The organization works with the Suicide Prevention Resource Center, set up in 2002 by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.


title: Frontal bone

paragraphs: The frontal bone or " os frontis "is a bone in the front of the human skull. The biggest part of the frontal bone is under the forehead. The name comes from the Latin word "frons" (meaning "forehead"). It bone is made up of three joined parts.

paragraphs: The illustration below shows the browridges which protected the Neanderthal face.


title: Acromegaly

paragraphs: Acromegaly is a medical condition that happens when the anterior (rear) pituitary gland makes too much growth hormone (GH), after a person has passed puberty. If this happens before puberty it causes a condition known as gigantism. A number of medical conditions may cause the pituitary gland to make too much growth hormone, but the most common cause is a tumor on the pituitary gland called a pituitary adenoma'

paragraphs: Acromegaly is most commonly diagnosed in middle aged adults, and can result in severe disfigurement, serious complicating conditions, and early death if not treated. Acromegaly is hard to diagnose when it is just beginning. It is usually not found until 10–12 years after it starts. This is when it causes changes in the way a person looks, especially their face.


title: Nathan Lane

paragraphs: Nathan Lane (born Joseph Lane, February 3, 1956) is an American actor and writer who is known for his roles in "Mousehunt" and in "The Lion King". He won three Tony Awards, an Screen Actors Guild Award, an Emmy Award, and an Drama Desk Award.

paragraphs: In television, he is known for his roles in "Modern Family", "The Good Wife" and "".

paragraphs: Lane won three Tony Awards for his stage roles in "A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to the Forum", "The Producers" and for "Angels in America".

paragraphs: Lane was born on February 3, 1956 in Jersey City, New Jersey. He studied at St. Peter's Preparatory High School. He is openly gay. In 2015, Lane married Devlin Elliott.


title: Tara Strong

paragraphs: Tara Lyn Strong (born Tara Lyn Charendoff, born February 12, 1973) is a Canadian-American voice actress, actress and singer who is known for her role as Bubbles in "The Powerpuff Girls", Timmy Turner in "The Fairly OddParents".

paragraphs: Strong was born on February 12, 1973 in Toronto, Ontario. Her father is Protestant of Scottish descent. Her mother is Jewish of British and Russian descent.

paragraphs: She is married to Craig Strong since 2000. They have two sons: Sammy (born 2002) and Aden (born 2004).


title: Ryan O'Neal

paragraphs: Charles Patrick Ryan O'Neal, Jr. (born April 20, 1941) is an American movie, television, stage, and voice actor who is known for his roles "Paper Moon", "Barry Lyndon", "A Bridge Too Far", and in "A Love Story".

paragraphs: O'Neal was born on April 20, 1941 in Los Angeles, California. He studied at the University High School. O'Neal was married to Joanna Cook Moore from 1963 until they divorced in 1967. Then he was married to Leigh Taylor-Young from 1967 until they divorced in 1973. Then he was married to Farrah Fawcett from 1979 until they divorced in 1997. Then they remarried in 2001 until her death in 2009. He has four children, including Tatum O'Neal. He now lives in Malibu, California.


title: Prognathism

paragraphs: Prognathism describes when part or all of the face sticks out more than normal. Humans have "orthognathic" faces. That means the faces is more or less vertical. Most other primates have prognathic faces: their jaws stick out in front of the top part of the head.


title: Skin tag

paragraphs: A skin tag is a small growth on the skin that is usually benign (harmless). It may have a short narrow stalk which connects it to the skin. They are usually small but may grow up to a half-inch long.

paragraphs: Skin tags are usually harmless and do not need treatment. A person may decide to have a skin tag removed if it is irritating them or they do not like the way it looks. If so the skin tag may be removed by:


title: Hyperhidrosis

paragraphs: Hyperhidrosis is a medical condition in which a person sweats too much. It is often caused by overactive sweat glands. People with hyperhidrosis may sweat even when it is cool and they are at rest. The sweat glands on any area of the human body can be affected by hyperhidrosis but it is usually happens more often in the sweat glands of the palms of the hand, the soles of the feet and the armpits.


title: Hemoglobin Lepore syndrome

paragraphs: Hemoglobin Lepore syndrome (Hb Lepore) is a kind of blood disorder that is caused by a genetic mutation. It was first found in an Italian-American family named Lepore. When a genetic mutation runs in families it is known as a trait.

paragraphs: The Hb Lepore trait is found worldwide and may affect people of various races, however the three main kinds of Hb Lepore, usually affects Caucasians of the Southern regions of Central and Eastern Europe.

paragraphs: There are three main kinds of Hb Lepore are named for the areas they were first found in, with various subtypes, the three main kinds are:


title: Silent stroke

paragraphs: A silent stroke is a kind of stroke that does not cause symptoms that can be seen in a major stroke such as slurred speech. A person who has had a silent stroke usually does not know it. A silent stroke still causes damage to the brain, and places the person at increased risk for both transient ischemic attack and major stroke in the future.

paragraphs: These strokes are called "silent" because they typically happen in parts of the brain that do not cause problems that can be seen like those in a major stroke. A silent stroke usually happens in parts of the brain that control different thought processes, mood regulation and cognitive functions and is a leading cause of vascular cognitive impairment and may also lead to a loss of urinary bladder control.

paragraphs: In a big study in 1998, more than 11 million people were thought to have had a stroke in the United States. About 770,000 of these strokes had symptoms which could be seen and 11 million were first-ever silent strokes. Silent strokes usually cause lesions which are found by the use of neuroimaging such as MRI.

paragraphs: There is more of chance of older people having a silent stroke but it may also happen to younger adults. Women appear to be at higher risk for silent stroke, with hypertension and current cigarette smoking being some of the reasons.

paragraphs: These types of strokes include lacunar and other ischemic strokes and minor hemorrhages. They may also include leukoaraiosis (changes in the white matter of the brain): the white matter is more susceptible to vascular blockage because it has less blood vessels than the cerebral cortex.

paragraphs: In the Cardiovascular Health Study, a study used 3,660 adults over the age of 65, 31% showed evidence of silent stroke in neuroimaging studies using MRI. These people did not know they had a stroke. It is thought that silent strokes are five times more common than strokes that have symptoms.

paragraphs: A silent stroke is different than a transient ischemic attack (TIA). In TIA the symptoms can be seen and may last from a few minutes to 24 hours before getting better. If a person has a TIA there is a bigger chance they may have a major stroke and silent strokes in the future.


title: Benign paroxysmal vertigo of childhood

paragraphs: Benign paroxysmal vertigo of childhood (BPVC for short) is a medical problem that happens in children. "Benign" means "harmless;" "paroxysmal" means something comes and goes suddenly; and "vertigo" means "dizziness." So BPVC is harmless dizziness in children that comes and goes suddenly.

paragraphs: The dizziness usually makes children feel like they are moving or spinning, or that the inside of their head is moving or spinning.

paragraphs: Usually, BPVC starts in children between two and five years old. It often goes away by the age of eight. But in some children, BPVC may start when they are much younger (as young as a few months old) or older (as old as 12 years old).

paragraphs: BPVC is the most common cause of dizziness in children who do not have hearing loss or a diagnosed ear disease. It is a common problem that happens to about 2.6% of children (26 out of 1,000 children).

paragraphs: Doctors don't know for sure what causes BPVC. Some doctors think it is related to problems of the inner ear that affect balance. For example, some doctors think BPVC is similar to a different disorder which often happens in adults over 50. This disorder is called "benign paroxysmal positional vertigo" (BPPV). BPPV is a "vestibular disorder" - a disorder in the inner ear which affects balance.

paragraphs: Other doctors believe BPVC is related to migraine headaches, but most children with BPVC do not get headaches.

paragraphs: For a doctor to diagnose Benign Paroxysmal Vertigo of Childhood, all of these things must be true:

paragraphs: "Differential diagnoses" are different medical disorders which may cause the same symptoms. When a doctor asks what the differential diagnoses for BPVC are, she is asking "what other disease could cause these symptoms? What else could this be?" Before a doctor makes a final diagnosis, they must think of what other medical conditions have the same or similar symptoms, and make sure one of them is not the problem.

paragraphs: Some of the differential diagnoses for BPVC are:


title: Mangaka

paragraphs: Mangaka (漫画家?) is the Japanese word for a comic artist or cartoonist. Outside of Japan, manga usually means a Japanese comic book. Mangaka means the author of the manga, who is usually Japanese.

paragraphs: Some artists may study at an art college, manga school, or take on an apprenticeship with another mangaka. They then enter the world of manga as a professional artist. However, there are some artists that just start in manga. One way to do this is by applying to contests that magazines run. For example, Naoko Takeuchi, author of "Sailor Moon", won such a contest sponsored by Kodansha. Osamu Tezuka, creator of "Astro Boy", began his career without being an assistant.