title: Arrondissement of Périgueux

paragraphs: The arrondissement of Périgueux is an arrondissement of France. It is part of the Dordogne "département" in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region. Its capital is the city of Périgueux.

paragraphs: When the Dordogne department was created on 17 February 1800, the "arrondissement" of Périgueux was part of that original department.

paragraphs: The "arrondissement" of Périgueux is the central western part of the department and it is the largest of the "arrondissements" of the Dordogne department, with an area of . It has 189,301 inhabitants and a population density of inhabitants/km².

paragraphs: The "arrondissement" of Périgueux is bordered to the north by the "arrondissement" Nontron, to the east by the Corrèze department, to the southeast by the "arrondissement" Sarlat-la-Canéda, to the south by the "arrondissement" Bergerac, to the west by the Gironde and Charente-Maritime departments and to the northwest by the Charente department.

paragraphs: The Isle river, a tributary of the Dordogne river, and its tributaries Dronne, Lizonne, Auvézère and Loue flow through the "arrondissements" of Périgueux.

paragraphs: The following table shows the distribution of the "communes" in the cantons and "arrondissements":

paragraphs: The "arrondissement" of Périgueux has 146 "communes"; they are (with their INSEE codes):


title: Arrondissement of Sarlat-la-Canéda

paragraphs: The arrondissement of Sarlat-la-Canéda is an arrondissement of France. It is part of the Dordogne "département" in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region. Its capital is the city of Sarlat-la-Canéda.

paragraphs: When the Dordogne department was created on 17 February 1800, the "arrondissement" of Sarlat-la-Canéda was part of that original department, with the name of "Arrondissement of Sarlat".

paragraphs: When the "communes" Sarlat and La Canéda were combined on 1 March 1965, the name of the arrondissement was changed to "Sarlat-la-Canéda".

paragraphs: The "arrondissement" of Sarlat-la-Canéda is the southwest of Dordogne, with an area of . It has 74,666 inhabitants and a population density of inhabitants/km².

paragraphs: The "arrondissement" is bordered to the northeast by the Corrèze department, to the southeast by the Lot department, to the south by the Lot-et-Garonne department, to the west by the "arrondissement" of Bergerac and to the northwest by the "arrondissement" of Périgueux.

paragraphs: The Dordogne river and its tributary the Vézère river flow through the "arrondissements" of Sarlat-la-Canéda.

paragraphs: After the reorganisation of the cantons in France, cantons are not subdivisions of the "arrondissements" so they could have "communes" that belong to different "arrondissements".

paragraphs: In the "arrondissement" of Sarlat-la-Canéda, there are two cantons where their "communes" are in different "arrondissements": Haut-Périgord Noir and Périgord Central. The following table shows the distribution of the "communes" in the cantons and "arrondissements":

paragraphs: The "arrondissement" of Sarlat-la-Canéda has 141 "communes"; they are (with their INSEE codes):

paragraphs: The "communes" in the "arrondissement" with more inhabitants are:


title: Division of Wakefield

paragraphs: The Division of Wakefield was an Australian electoral division in the state of South Australia. It covered an area from the northern suburbs of Adelaide to the Clare Valley, 135 km north of Adelaide. It includes the suburbs of Elizabeth, Craigmore, Munno Para, Virginia, and part of Salisbury, and the towns of Gawler, Balaklava, Clare, Kapunda, Riverton, Mallala, Freeling, Tarlee, Williamstown, and parts of Port Wakefield.

paragraphs: The Division was named after Edward Gibbon Wakefield, who planned settlements in South Australia, Western Australia, New Zealand and Canada. It was set up in 1903. It was abolished in 2019 when a redistribution cut the number of divisions in South Australia to ten.

paragraphs: Sir Frederick Holder and Neil Andrew (1998–2004) were Speaker of the House. Holder was also Premier of South Australia on two occasions. Holder's death in 1909 caused a by-election. In 1938 the death of Charles Hawker also caused another by-election.


title: Division of Balaclava

paragraphs: The Division of Balaclava was an Australian Electoral Division in Victoria. It was set up for the first federal election in 1901. It was named for the suburb of Balaclava, which in turn was named for a battlefield of the Crimean War. It included the wealthy inner southern suburbs of Melbourne, including Brighton and Sandringham. It was abolished and replaced by the Division of Goldstein in 1984.

paragraphs: Thomas White, the Air and Civil Aviation Minister, resigned to become Australian High Commissioner to the United Kingdom. This caused a by-election. Percy Joske resigned in 1960 to become Judge of the Commonwealth Industrial Court, which also caused a by-election.


title: 1995 Chicago heat wave

paragraphs: The 1995 Chicago heat wave was a major heat wave. It led to over 600 heat-related deaths in Chicago. Most of the heat wave victims were old or poor people. They did not have enough money for air conditioning and would not open their windows. The people also didn't sleep outside for fear of crime. The heat also affected Milwaukee and St. Louis.

paragraphs: The temperatures were very hot. There were near-record highs as well. The hottest weather was between Wednesday, July 12 and Sunday, July 16. The highest temperature was at Chicago's Midway International Airport. The heat index reached at the Chicago O'Hare Airport.

paragraphs: Chicago's daily low and high temperatures in 1995:


title: Bob Burns (drummer)

paragraphs: Robert Louis "Bob" Burns Jr. (November 24, 1950 – April 3, 2015) was an American drummer. He was in the original line-up of the Southern rock band Lynyrd Skynyrd. Burns was born in Jacksonville, Florida.

paragraphs: Burns died in a single car crash after hitting a mailbox and tree on a sharp curve in Bartow County, Georgia, late at night after a performance on April 3, 2015. He was 64 years old.


title: Dave Ulliott

paragraphs: David A. Ulliott (4 April 1954 – 6 April 2015), known by the nickname Devilfish, was an English professional gambler and poker player. Ulliott was a minor figure in the Hull underworld, but went on to become a World Series of Poker bracelet-winner, and a mainstay of televised poker.

paragraphs: At the poker table, he is known for wearing orange sunglasses, a sharp suit (or leather jacket) and gold knuckleduster rings reading "Devil" and "Fish", which he made himself.

paragraphs: He lived in Kingston upon Hull, not far from where he grew up. Ulliott died on 6 April 2015 from colon cancer.


title: Romualdas Ozolas

paragraphs: Romualdas Ozolas (January 31, 1939 – April 6, 2015) was a Lithuanian politician, activist, writer and educator. He was a member of the Lithuanian branch of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 1973 to 1990. He was also a member of the Lithuanian independence movement, the Sąjūdis Initiative Group from 1988 to 1990.

paragraphs: In 1988 he founded the nationalist Vilnija organization. He joined the Lithuanian Centre Union political party in 1993 and became its chairman. In 1996, he was elected to the Seimas and served until 2000.


title: Jeralean Talley

paragraphs: Jeralean Talley (née Kurtz; May 23, 1899 – June 17, 2015) was an American supercentenarian who was, at the age of 116 years, 25 days, the verified world's oldest living person.

paragraphs: She was previously thought to be the oldest living American, from the death of Elsie Thompson on March 21, 2013 until Gertrude Weaver was verified to be older in July 2014. Upon Weaver's death on April 6, 2015, Talley became the world's oldest living person evidence of their age.


title: Kermit, Texas

paragraphs: Kermit is a city in the state of Texas in the United States. It is the county seat of Winkler County. About 5,690 people lived there in 2010. After Theodore Roosevelt came to the city, it was named for his son Kermit Roosevelt. On July 16, 1926, after discovery of oil in the Hendrick oil field near Kermit, the city grew quickly.


title: Division of Bourke

paragraphs: The Division of Bourke was an Australian Electoral Division in Victoria. It was set up for the first federal election in 1901. It was abolished in 1949. It was named for Sir Richard Bourke, who was Governor of New South Wales at the time of the founding of Melbourne. It was based in the northern suburbs of Melbourne, including Brunswick and Coburg. The National Library of Australia holds a map showing the boundaries of Bourke in 1912.

paragraphs: Frank Anstey was Minister for Health and Minister for Repatriation in the Scullin government.


title: Marionberry

paragraphs: Marionberry is a cultivar of blackberry. The cultivar is also known as marion blackberry. It was developed by a joint venture of Oregon State University, and currently accounts for over half of the blackberry cultivars sold in Oregon.


title: John McMartin

paragraphs: John McMartin (November 18, 1929 – July 6, 2016) was an American actor of stage, movie and television. He was known "All the President's Men" (1976), "As the World Turns" (1956) and "Kinsey" (2004).

paragraphs: McMartin was born in Warsaw, Indiana and raised in Minnesota. He died of cancer on July 6, 2016 in New York City, aged 86.


title: Giovanni Berlinguer

paragraphs: Giovanni Berlinguer (), Cavaliere di Gran Croce OMRI, (9 July 1924 – 6 April 2015) was an Italian politician and Professor of Social Medicine. He was born in Sassari, Sardinia, the son of Mario Berlinguer.

paragraphs: He ran for the secretarship of the Democrats of the Left (DS) in 2001, being defeated by Piero Fassino 61.8% to 34.1%. From 2004 to 2009 he was a Member of the European Parliament representing the DS and sits with the Party of European Socialists group.


title: Winkler County, Texas

paragraphs: Winkler County is a county in the state of Texas in the United States. In 2010, 7,110 people lived there. The county seat is Kermit. It is named for Clinton M. Winkler, a Colonel in the Confederate Army. Music maker Roy Orbison completed High School in Winkler County.

paragraphs: Winkler County was created in 1887 and set up in 1910.

paragraphs: The county has a total area of 841 square miles.


title: Richard Henyekane

paragraphs: Richard Henyekane (28 September 1983 – 7 April 2015) was a South African football player for Premier Soccer League club Free State Stars on loan from Mamelodi Sundowns.

paragraphs: On 4 March 2012, his team set a remarkable record in the Nedbank Cup when they beat Powerlines FC by 24 goals to nil, with Henyekane scoring five of the goals.

paragraphs: Henyekane made nine official appearances for the South Africa national team. He died in a car accident on 7 April 2015.


title: Jean Germain (politician)

paragraphs: Jean Germain (11 September 1947 - 7 April 2015) was a French socialist politician. Germain was the president of l'Université de Tours from 1988 to 1993.

paragraphs: In 1995 Germain was elected mayor of Tours since 1995, and president of the agglomeration community of Tours, Tour(s) Plus.

paragraphs: Germanin committed suicide by shooting himself in the head in Tours, France, aged 67.


title: Ropin' the Wind

paragraphs: Ropin' the Wind is the third studio album by American country music artist Garth Brooks. It was released on September 2, 1991 and was his first studio album to debut at No. 1 the "Billboard" 200 chart and the Top Country Albums chart. There it enjoyed four runs at No. 1 between September 28, 1991 - April 3, 1992, spending a combined 18 weeks at the top, eventually being certified 14x Platinum by the RIAA in 1998. In the UK it reached the Top 50 pop albums list and went to No. 1 for several months on the country charts. It has gone to sell 17 million copies world wide.

paragraphs: The track "Shameless" is a cover of a Billy Joel song, previously recorded on his 1989 album "Storm Front".

paragraphs: According to music review website Allmusic, "Ropin' the Wind" is the first country album to debut at No. 1 on the Billboard 200.

paragraphs: ""Ropin' the Wind was what we called the son of Fences. Ropin' the Wind was made in this kind of tour that we were on from No Fences. We were gone, pretty much 250 days out of the year. And in that remaining 100 days, I elected to cut Ropin' The Wind, and try to write for it. This album became a lot bigger than I ever thought it could possibly be. And when I listen to the singles off of it like Rodeo, What She's Doing Now, The River, Papa Loved Mama, and Shameless, I look at it and stand very proud. And then when I also look at the cuts, Against The Grain, Cold Shoulder, these songs I am equally proud of."'"

paragraphs: This track was not on the original release of the album. It first appeared when the album was re-released as part of Brooks' first "Limited Series" box set collection, and remained part of subsequent releases of the album until 2014, when it was released digitally for the first time.

paragraphs: "Ropin' the Wind" debuted at No. 1 on the U.S. "Billboard" 200, becoming his first, and No. 1 on the Top Country Albums number-one album selling 400,000 copies, becoming his second No. 1 Country album. In September 1998, "Ropin' the Wind" was certified 14 x platinum by the RIAA.


title: In Pieces

paragraphs: In Pieces is the fifth studio album by American country music artist Garth Brooks. It was released on August 31, 1993. It debuted at #1 on the "Billboard" 200 and the Top Country Albums chart. It was also a huge hit outside the United States. In Great Britain it was Brooks' highest placed album on the charts. It reached the top ten of the country album charts before it was issued officially (due to imports from both the United States and Ireland). Critics felt that this would ruin the album's sales once it was issued. However, when it was eventually issued in Britain in early 1994 it went to #1 on the country charts and reached #2 in the pop charts and also produced two top 40 hit singles on the British pop charts.

paragraphs: The track "Callin' Baton Rouge" was previously a #37 peaking single in 1987 for the New Grass Revival, whose members back Brooks on his rendition. It was the first time the group had recorded together since they disbanded in 1989.

paragraphs: In an interview with BBC Radio DJ Richard Wooton, Brooks stated that the track "The Cowboy Song" (which was composed in 1987 by Roy Robinson) was found in a trash can by someone on his team who liked the song and played the track to him.

paragraphs: ""In Pieces was just time to smile. It was time to laugh, it was time to get loud. It's definitely the most live album that we've ever cut. I think the band went to a different level on this. They seemed to play more like a band that had been together for years than studio musicians that come together and play at time to time. So this one is all there for me. I like to listen to it loud, and I just love the stuff like Baton Rouge and Ain't Going Down Til The Sun Comes Up. From One Night A Day, all the way to the very last song, The Cowboy Song, which is definitely my favorite off In Pieces and it will stand up with anything that I have cut over the past five years. Like the other things, I'm very proud of this one and I hope you like it.""

paragraphs: The track ordering has varied on different releases of this album.

paragraphs: "In Pieces" debuted at #1 on the U.S. "Billboard" 200, becoming his third, and #1 on the Top Country Albums, becoming his fourth #1 Country album. In July 1998, "In Pieces" was certified 8 x Platinum by the RIAA.


title: Fresh Horses (album)

paragraphs: Fresh Horses is the sixth studio album by American country music artist Garth Brooks. It was released on November 21, 1995. "Fresh Horses" peaked at #2 on the "Billboard" 200 chart, and #1 on the Top Country Albums chart.

paragraphs: The album had a worldwide radio ban until it was available to buy. Only the two singles issued ("She's Every Woman" and "The Fever") were allowed to be played before this date, the latter of which was a new country-rock version of an old Aerosmith song. Through 2006, approximately 7 million copies have been sold in the U.S.

paragraphs: ""Everyone was expecting this album to be pop. Everyone said we were leaving (country). For the first time ever, I was involved (in writing) in eight of the 10 cuts, so it's a huge reflection of myself. It's the things I enjoy singing about. I got to sing about the band on the road, I got to sing about cowboys, and more importantly, the women who put up with those cowboys."'

paragraphs: “The Limited Series” (1998) of the album inserted a cover of Bob Dylan’s “To Make You Feel My Love” between tracks 7 and 8.

paragraphs: Fresh Horses peaked at #2 on the U.S. "Billboard" 200, and peaked #1 on the Top Country Albums, becoming his sixth #1 Country album. In November 2006, Fresh Horses was certified 7 x Platinum by the RIAA.


title: Sevens (album)

paragraphs: Sevens is the seventh studio album by American country music artist Garth Brooks. It was released on November 25, 1997, and debuted at #1 on the "Billboard" 200, and on the Top Country Albums chart. The album also topped the Country album charts in Britain for several months and crossed over into the mainstream pop charts. His duet with Trisha Yearwood, "In Another's Eyes", won the Grammy Award for Best Country Collaboration with Vocals at the Grammy Awards of 1998. "Sevens" was nominated for the Best Country Album Grammy the following year.

paragraphs: 777,777 copies of "Sevens" were marked as First Editions. These albums have a gold seal on the CD booklet and a similar mark on the CD itself. Canadian versions of the albums have a maple leaf shaped seal on the cover. First Editions were not released outside of North America.

paragraphs: Brooks commented on the album by saying:

paragraphs: ""I'm proud, I'm excited, I'm nervous, and it feels good to be back in the game again. This is a very personal album. I only wrote six of the songs, but there are many that are so 'me' that people I work with every day thought I wrote them"".

paragraphs: Sevens debuted at #1 on the U.S. "Billboard" 200, becoming his fifth, and #1 on the Top Country Albums, becoming his seventh #1 Country album. In November 2006, Sevens was certified 10 x Platinum by the RIAA.

paragraphs: Crowd vocals on "Two Piña Coladas": Dorothy "The Birthday Girl" Robinson, Charles Green, Mat Lindsey, Sandy Mason, Shawn Camp, Big Al, "Double D", Sam "The Man" Duczer, Garth Brooks

paragraphs: All strings performed by the Nashville String Machine; conducted and arranged by Jim Ed Norman.


title: Scarecrow (Garth Brooks album)

paragraphs: Scarecrow is the eighth studio album by American country music artist Garth Brooks. It was released on November 13, 2001, and debuted at #1 on the "Billboard" 200 chart, and the Top Country Albums chart. It has been certified 5× platinum RIAA and was named Best Selling Album at the 2002 Canadian Country Music Association Awards. It was the last album by Brooks before his thirteen-year hiatus.

paragraphs: ""At the end of last year I made a commitment to Capitol (Records) that I would try to bring them one more album. This is the result of that effort, a real labor of love, that I'm proud to hold up next to all of our previous releases. For the first time in my life I think I made a happy album. It's heavy on steel guitars, but you're not aware of it in some places because the musicians are so good at what they do.""

paragraphs: Singles released from this album include "Beer Run (B Double E Double Are You In?)" (a duet with George Jones, also found on Jones's 2001 album ""), "Wrapped Up in You", "Squeeze Me In" (a duet with Trisha Yearwood), "Thicker Than Blood", and "Why Ain't I Running". Of these, "Wrapped Up in You" was the highest peaking, reaching #5 on the Hot Country Songs charts. Prior to the album's release, "When You Come Back to Me Again" had charted on the country charts as a selection from the soundtrack to the film "Frequency".

paragraphs: Several of the tracks on this album were originally recorded by other artists. "Pushing Up Daisies" was originally recorded by Kevin Welch on his 1995 album "Life Down Here on Earth", while "Big Money" was originally recorded under the title "It Pays Big Money" by Mark Chesnutt on his 2000 album "Lost in the Feeling". Additionally, "Don't Cross the River" was previously recorded by America on their 1972 album "Homecoming". "Squeeze Me In" was previously recorded by Lee Roy Parnell on his 1995 album "We All Get Lucky Sometimes".

paragraphs: In the United States, "Scarecrow" debuted at No. 1 on the "Billboard" 200, becoming his eighth No. 1 album on the chart, and No. 1 on the Top Country Albums, becoming his eleventh No. 1 Country album. In January 2006, "Scarecrow" was certified 5× Platinum by the RIAA.


title: Fresh Horses

paragraphs: Fresh Horses is a 1988 coming of age drama film directed by David Anspaugh, and starring Andrew McCarthy and Molly Ringwald.

paragraphs: Cincinnati college senior Matt Larkin (Andrew McCarthy) seems to have a picture perfect life: he is well-liked at his mid-western college, that he is soon to graduate, has a beautiful, waspy fiancée, friends, parties and good times. But when Matt meets Jewel (Molly Ringwald), his carefully constructed house of cards falls apart and changes him forever.

paragraphs: Matt’s content with his very proper fiancée and his safe life, so when his best friend Tipton (Ben Stiller) relates a story of a night spent in a rough country house filled with seedy characters, beer, music and women, Matt initially scoffs at the idea of visiting. However, as he ponders his imminent marriage, he decides to check it out - no harm done, just a little fun before life gets serious.

paragraphs: The two drive out to the house, in the "boonies", expecting a wild party, however, when they arrive, they find only the aftermath of a debaucherous night—cigarette butts and bottles strewn everywhere, a bluesy ZZ Top tune on the stereo, a solitary biker playing pool and a woman’s muffled giggle coming from upstairs. Disappointed, Matt goes to fetch a beer for Tipton and in doing so, in the kitchen, meets Jewel.

paragraphs: Jewel is all mystery and trailer park at the same time. She’s a poor Kentucky girl, obviously grown up uneducated, yet Matt is instantly drawn to her. He returns to seek her out and the attraction they share is obvious. Despite their social differences, Matt is completely infatuated.

paragraphs: His life soon does a 180. He breaks off his engagement, sneaks out at night and stops seeing his friends. However Matt is yet to figure out who exactly Jewel is and discover the secrets she is hiding (including an abusive husband and stepfather, the shady people that hang around the house, as well as the fact she is underage).

paragraphs: As a result the two worlds collide and it seems they are doomed by circumstance. After Matt has a run in with Jewel’s spouse, the ultra-seedy Green (Viggo Mortenson), Matt and Jewel must make the decision they have both been dreading, but will ultimately free them.

paragraphs: Filming locations in Kentucky included Kenton, Boone and Gallatin Counties, and the city of Warsaw; In Ohio, the University of Cincinnati, the city of Cincinnati, and Kings Island amusement park, then in Deerfield Township, Warren County, Ohio, now in Mason; and Switzerland County, Indiana.

paragraphs: Critical reaction to the film was mixed. In his review for the "Los Angeles Times", Michael Wilmington said, "[t]here's a lot to admire in the film adaptation of Larry Ketron's play 'Fresh Horses'" and called the dialogue "fresh, sad and funny." He also praised the work of director Anspaugh and cinematographer Fred Murphy, saying they give the movie "a very distinctive look: moody and poetic, grainy and wistful, drenched with a sad, faraway, forget-me-not drizzle of passion and regrets." However, he concluded that the "movie refuses to jell."

paragraphs: The film performed poorly, earning $3,074,292 in the opening weekend, and a total of $6,640,346 domestically - only 46.3% of the total gross, failing to recoup its $14 million budget.

paragraphs: The film is based upon the play of the same name, also by Larry Ketron. It was first performed at the WPA Theatre, New York City on February 4, 1986 with a cast including Suzy Amis.


title: Albany, Texas

paragraphs: Albany is a city in the state of Texas in the United States. It is the county seat of Shackelford County. About 2,032 people lived there in 2010. The city was named for Albany, Georgia. The Cook oilfields were discovered in 1926. They became a large part of the local economy. Ranching is the main occupation, raising sheep and cattle. The town slogan is "Albany, the Home of the Hereford."


title: Shackelford County, Texas

paragraphs: Shackelford County is a county in the state of Texas in the United States. In 2010, 3,378 people lived there. The county seat is Albany. The county was named for Jack Shackelford who had been a medical man, and then was a soldier who lead men in the Texas Revolution.


title: Crystal City, Texas

paragraphs: Crystal City is a city in the state of Texas in the United States. It is the county seat of Zavala County. About 7,446 people lived there in 2013. The "San Antonio, Uvalde and Gulf Railroad" stopped in Crystal City.

paragraphs: Crystal City was home to a large internment camp in World War II. It was the largest internment camp for Germans and those of German descent in the US. Almost all the children and many of the wives interned here were American citizens. Most were held here for four years.


title: Fredric Brandt

paragraphs: Fredric Sheldon Brandt (June 26, 1949 – April 5, 2015) was an American physician, researcher, lecturer, author, and radio host. He was known for using the first botulinum toxin ("botox") and fillers. Brandt was also known for his role in the FDA approval of numerous fillers and botulinum toxins for cosmetic use in the United States.

paragraphs: Brandt committed suicide by hanging himself on April 5, 2015 in his home in Coconut Grove, Florida, aged 65. His publicist reported that he had been suffering from depression.


title: Kardam, Prince of Turnovo

paragraphs: Kardam, Prince of Turnovo, Duke of Saxony (2 December 1962 – 7 April 2015), was the eldest son of Tsar Simeon II of Bulgaria and his wife Doña Margarita Gómez-Acebo y Cejuela.

paragraphs: Kardam was born after the unseating of the Bulgarian monarchy. He was sometimes styled as if her were a crown prince. He was known also as Kardam of Bulgaria and Kardam of Turnovo, the latter being the title of the heir apparent of the Bulgarian throne.

paragraphs: Prince Kardam suffered severe injuries in a road accident in 2008, and did not recover. He died of a lung infection in hospital in Madrid on 7 April 2015, aged 52.


title: Simeon Saxe-Coburg-Gotha

paragraphs: Simeon Borisov Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, Tsar Simeon II or King Simeon II of Bulgaria (Bulgarian: Симеон Борисов Сакскобургготски) (born 16 June 1937) is an important political and royal figure in Bulgaria. During his reign as the Tsar of Bulgaria from 1943 to 1946 he was a minor, the monarchical leader. He also served as the 48th Prime Minister of Bulgaria.


title: Ralph Bakshi

paragraphs: Ralph Bakshi (born October 29, 1938) is an American director of animated and live-action movies. His best known movies include "Fritz the Cat" (1972), "Wizards" (1977), "The Lord of the Rings" (1978), "American Pop" (1981) and "Fire and Ice" (1983).


title: Shortest Path Bridging

paragraphs: Shortest Path Bridging also known as IEEE 802.1aq is a computer protocol used to simplify the creation and configuration of networks, supports faster restore times, increased bandwidth, redundancy, and security.


title: Duke Lemur Center

paragraphs: The Duke Lemur Center is an sanctuary for several species of lemurs and lorises. It is at Duke University in Durham, North Carolina. The center is the largest sanctuary for these animals in the world. There are about 10 different species at the center. The center does not harm the animals while researching them. The Duke Lemur Center is open to the public. Tours are by appointment only.

paragraphs: On November 10, 2014, Jovian (best known for mainly portraying Zoboomafoo in the series of the same name) died at his home in the center of renal failure at age 20. It is currently unknown when his funeral was.


title: Kay Lenz

paragraphs: Kay Lenz (born March 4, 1953) is an American actress and former child performer. She has worked mainly in television. She has received two Emmy Awards. She played Jane in "American Graffiti". She also played Maggie Zombro in "Reasonable Doubts".

paragraphs: She was born in Los Angeles, California.


title: Marmoset

paragraphs: The marmosets are a group of New World monkeys.

paragraphs: There are 22 marmoset species in four genera. All are in the biological family Callitrichidae. The term "marmoset" is also used in reference to the Goeldi's marmoset, "Callimico goeldii", which is closely related.

paragraphs: Most marmosets are about long. Compared to other monkeys, they have some primitive features. They have claws rather than nails, they lack wisdom teeth, and their brain layout seems to be relatively primitive. Their body temperature is unusually variable, changing by up to 4 °C (7 °F) in a day. Marmosets are native to South America and have been found in Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Paraguay and Peru. They have also been spotted in Central America.

paragraphs: Marmosets have germline chimerism. This is not known to occur in nature in any primates except this family.

paragraphs: Marmosets are highly active, living in the upper canopy of forest trees, and feeding on insects, fruit and leaves. They have long lower incisors, which allow them to chew holes in tree trunks and branches to harvest the gum inside; some species are specialised feeders on gum.

paragraphs: Marmosets live in family groups of three to 15. There are one or two breeding females, an unrelated male, offspring and other family members and unrelated individuals. Their mating systems are highly variable and include monogamy, polygyny and occasionally polyandry.


title: Old Calendarists

paragraphs: Old Calendarists is the name for two groups of Eastern Orthodox churches:

paragraphs: In addition, other Christian churches use the Julian Calendar:


title: Union of Utrecht (Old Catholic)

paragraphs: In 1889, the Old Catholic Church seceded from the Roman Catholic Church, mainly because Old Catholics do not accept the dogma that the pope is infallible. All of the Old Catholic Churches united in what is called the Union of Utrecht, in 1889.


title: Ray Charles (musician, born 1918)

paragraphs: Charles Raymond Offenberg (September 13, 1918 – April 6, 2015), better known as Ray Charles, was an American singer, songwriter, musician, conductor, and vocal arranger. He was best known as the organizer and leader of the Ray Charles Singers (who were featured on Perry Como's television series, radio shows, and records for 35 years).

paragraphs: On April 6, 2015, Charles died in Beverly Hills, California of natural causes at the age of 96.


title: Jayakanthan

paragraphs: Jayakanthan (; 24 April 1934 – 8 April 2015) was a Tamil writer, essayist, journalist, pamphleteer, filmmaker and critic. He was a recipient of both Jnanpith and Sahitya Akademi awards.

paragraphs: Jayakanthan died on 8 April 2015 in Chennai after a long-illness, at the age of 80.


title: Conversion therapy

paragraphs: Conversion therapy is treatment to change a person from homosexual to heterosexual. Such treatments have been criticized for being a form of pseudoscience. Conversion therapy has been controversial in some countries, including the United States.

paragraphs: The American Psychiatric Association has criticized the treatments. They say the treatments are unreliable.

paragraphs: The highest-profile contemporary supporters for conversion therapy are Christian fundamentalists and other religious organizations. This therapy has been ridiculed by critics as "pray the gay away".

paragraphs: Use of the therapy on minors is not allowed in New Jersey, California and Washington D.C..


title: Jovian

paragraphs: Jovian (1994 – November 10, 2014) was a Coquerel's sifaka lemur, best known for mainly portraying Zoboomafoo in the series of the same name. On November 10, 2014, Jovian died at his home in the Duke Lemur Center of renal failure at age 20.

paragraphs: Jovian was born in the spring of 1994 at the Duke Lemur Center to parents Nigel and Flavia.


title: National Primate Research Center

paragraphs: The National Primate Research Centers is a network of 8 research programs in the United States. It is funded by the National Institutes of Health to conduct biomedical research on primates. Each center is connected to a university or other host institution.


title: Biomedical Primate Research Centre

paragraphs: The Biomedical Primate Research Center (BPRC) is Europe's largest primate research center. It is a scientific research institute that performs research that contributes to the identification and development of new medicines against deadly diseases. The center is located in Rijswijk, (Zuid-Holland).


title: Màrius Serra

paragraphs: Màrius Serra i Roig (May 1, 1963, Barcelona, Catalonia) is a Spanish writer. He is also a journalist. He has won several writing prizes. He is a graduate in English philology studies. In 2006 he won the most important prize in Catalonia for writing his novel "Farsa" (Catalan for "Farce"): the Ramon Llull Prize. He was also a presenter on a television show about books (named "Alexandria") in "Canal 33" in Catalonia. Màrius is a writer on Avui newspaper (Catalonia). Serra is also on a radio program of "Radio Nacional de España".


title: Madam C. J. Walker

paragraphs: Sarah Breedlove (December 23, 1867 – May 25, 1919), known as Madam C. J. Walker, was an American entrepreneur and philanthropist. She was said to be the first female self-made millionaire in America. When she died her estate was worth $600,000 (worth about $8 million today). So this may not have been entirely true. She made her fortune in the hair care business. Her own hair loss caused her to look for “hair-growing” solutions. She developed and marketed a successful line of beauty and hair products for black women. She started the company Madame C.J. Walker Manufacturing Company. She died May 25, 1919 of hypertension in Irvington, New York at the age of 51.

paragraphs: On December 23, 1867, Sarah Breedlove was born on a plantation near the village of Delta, Louisiana. She was the fifth child born to recently freed slaves, Owen and Minerva. She was their first child born free. Her mother died in 1874 and her father died in 1875. She went to live with her sister Louvinia and her husband. In 1877 they moved to Vicksburg, Mississippi where Sarah picked cotton. At age 14 she married Moses McWilliams. He died two years later. Breedlove and her daughter A'Lelia went to St. Louis. Two of her brothers were barbers there. She worked washing clothes for $1.50 USD a day. She also attended night school. In 1894 Breedlove married for the second time to John Davis. But the marriage failed as he was unfaithful to her.

paragraphs: In the 1890s Breedlove began losing her hair due to a scalp condition. She began experimenting with home made cures. At the 1904 World's Fair Breedlove met Annie (Turnbow) Malone. By 1905 she was selling Malone's products. Breedlove moved to Denver where she married her second husband, Charles Joseph Walker. In a dream it came to her what to mix up for a hair product. One of the ingredients was only available in Africa so she sent for some. Her hair started growing again. She started her own business selling a product she developed "Madam Walker's Wonderful Hair Grower" It was designed as a scalp healer and hair conditioner. As Mrs C.J. Walker she changed her business name to "Madam" C.J. Walker. in 1906, her daughter A'Lelia graduated from college and came to work managing her mother's company. This freed Walker to begin selling her product door-to-door. She gave presentations to church groups wherever she could. In 1908 she started her own college in Pittsburgh to train her salespeople.

paragraphs: In 1910 she incorporated her company. She could not attract big investors so she used $10,000 of her own money to start her school and factory in Indianapolis. She was the sole shareholder of the Madame C.J. Walker Manufacturing Company. Sarah Walker was a serious business women. She began mixing herbs and shampoos. Her products where especially for black women. In a short time she had trained 40,000 salespeople, her "Walker Agents". Her agents learned her system of vegetable shampoos, witch hazel, cold creams and diets. She didn't invent the hot comb, for straightening hair. But she improved it with wider teeth just for black women's hair.

paragraphs: Walker attended the National Negro Business League Thirteenth Annual Convention in 1912. No women were included on the schedule of speakers. Walker got up and took the podium from Booker T. Washington who was moderating. She told her story and why women should be included. At the fourteenth convention she was on the schedule of speakers. She had the ability to inspire others.

paragraphs: Walker was a leader and a role model in the black community. She was one of the first female African Americans to create hair care products for black women. This was at a time when almost all products where for white people. The goal of her starting her business was to make female African Americans feel better about themselves. They could feel better about their appearance by using her products. Walker re-invented hair straightening just for black people. Her way of making money helped her and also got her employees out of poverty. Whenever they would make a sale for her they would get a certain percentage of the money. She did get some criticism from other black leaders. Booker T. Washington criticized her for making black women look like white women. He did not like skin bleaching and straightened hair. But she stated that the crucial ingredients for her hair care products came from Africa. Madam C. J. Walker died on May 25, 1919.


title: Smail Prevljak

paragraphs: Smail Prevljak (born 16 February 1995) is a Bosnian professional footballer who plays as a forward for F.C. Red Bull Salzburg in the Austrian Bundesliga.

paragraphs: As a young player, he played for FK Igman Konjic and RB Leipzig. He was part of the RB Leipzig team that won promotion to the Under 19 Bundesliga for the 2014–15 season. He was signed on a two-year contract by RB Leipzig on 1 July 2014. He made his debut on 2 August 2014, in a 0–0 draw against VfR Aalen.

paragraphs: On 1 September 2014, he went on loan to FC Liefering. He made his full-match debut in a 5–2 lost against SC Austria Lustenau on 26 September 2014. He scored his first goal for the club, in a 4–1 win against FC Wacker Innsbruck on 3 October 2014. Despite an injury, he was the leading scorer of FC Liefering (12 goals in the season as of April 2014)

paragraphs: On 9 November 2014 he made his debut for the first team of Salzburg. He came on in minute 62 in the league match against SCR Altach.

paragraphs: He holds a Bosnian passport and played for Bosnia U21.


title: Dred Scott v. Sandford

paragraphs: The Dred Scott case of the U.S. Supreme Court, which denied Scott his freedom by ruling that negro-slave descendants were not U.S. citizens, was the end of years of legal cases during 1846-1857, in lower federal district court and Missouri courts which had granted Dred Scott freedom for about 2 years, until over.

paragraphs: Dr. John Emerson was a surgeon serving in the U.S. Army. In 1833 he purchased Dred Scott, a slave in Missouri. The same year he moved to Illinois taking Scott with him. Emerson was sent to a fort in the Wisconsin Territory. Scott, his slave, went with him. While living in the Wisconsin territory (now Minnesota) Scott met and married Harriet Robinson. She was owned by a justice of the peace. After marrying Scott, Emerson became her owner as well. Emerson returned to Missouri taking his slaves with him. In 1843 Emerson died in Missouri. Scott and his family were left to Emerson's wife, Eliza Sandford.

paragraphs: In 1846 Scott sued for his freedom in court. Helped by Abolitionist lawyers, he claimed that he was free because he had lived in free states for a long time. The defense claimed that Dr. Emerson was forced to move to the Wisconsin territory because he served with the United States Army. He should be able to keep his property. The presiding judge, Roger B. Taney, decided that Scott was not free and he did not have a right to sue. Furthermore, he stated that Congress could not make laws prohibiting slavery in United States territories. This was the majority opinion with seven out of nine Justices agreeing.

paragraphs: The opinion of the dissenting justices was that, at the time the Constitution was ratified, African Americans were already considered citizens in several states.

paragraphs: The ruling was a major setback to the anti-slavery movement. The Republicans condemned the ruling. In effect, it allowed slavery in the northern states. It became a central issue in slavery debates in the US. In 1868 the Fourteenth Amendment overturned the Dred Scott decision. It gave all persons born or naturalized in the United States citizenship regardless of their color.

paragraphs: Soon after the court decision of 1857 Eliza Sandford sold Scott and his family to Taylor Blow. Blow (one of Scott's previous owners) then granted Scott and his family their freedom. Scott died a free man on September 17, 1858. He did not live long enough to see African Americans become United States citizens.

paragraphs: "Dred Scott" is one of only four decisions by the Supreme Court that were overturned by an amendment to the United States Constitution. The other three are:


title: Jirair Sefilian

paragraphs: Jirair Sefilian (Ժիրայր Սեֆիլյան; born 10 July 1967) is an Armenian military commander and political activist. He is one of the leaders of Armenian opposition and the head of Founding Parliament opposition group. Since April 8, 2015 he is under arrest and recognized as a political prisoner.

paragraphs: In 1990 Sefilian arrived in Armenia and participated in the Karabakh War. Sefilian became the commander of the "Shushi" special military commando, playing a significant role during the Battle of Shusha. Sefilian was awarded with the First Degree Order of the Combat Cross.


title: Nina Companeez

paragraphs: Nina Companeez (born 26 August 1937 – 9 April 2015) was a French screenwriter and film director. She was known for her movies "The Horseman on the Roof", "Adorable menteuse", and "The Diary of an Innocent Boy".


title: Geoffrey Lewis

paragraphs: Geoffrey Bond Lewis (July 31, 1935 – April 7, 2015) was an American character actor. Lewis was known for his movie roles alongside Robert Redford and Clint Eastwood.

paragraphs: Lewis was born in San Diego, California. He was married to Glenis Batley from 1973 until they divorced in 1975, Then he was married to Paula Hochhallter until his death in 2015. One of his daughters is actress-singer Juliette Lewis.

paragraphs: Lewis worked many times with actor-director Clint Eastwood in several movies. They were "Midnight in the Garden of Good and Evil", "Pink Cadillac", "Any Which Way You Can", "Bronco Billy", "Every Which Way but Loose", "Thunderbolt and Lightfoot" and "High Plains Drifter". He is also part of the musical story-telling group Celestial Navigations.

paragraphs: On April 7, 2015, Lewis died of natural causes in his Woodland Hills, Los Angeles, California home, aged 79.


title: Georg Simon Ohm

paragraphs: Georg Simon Ohm (16 March 1789 - 6 July 1854) was a German physicist and mathematician. During part of the time in his life, Ohm worked as a school teacher. Some of his research focused on the new electrochemical cell, invented by Italian scientist Alessandro Volta. Using equipment he had created himself, Ohm found that there is a direct proportionality between the potential difference (voltage) applied across a conductor and the resultant electric current. This relationship is known as Ohm's law.

paragraphs: In 1881, after his death, the SI unit for electrical resistance was named "Ohm" in his honour. The uppercase Greek letter Omega (Ω) is used for the unit.


title: Ground meat

paragraphs: Ground meat (also known as minced meat ) is meat that is finely chopped by a meat grinder or a chopping knife.


title: Ground beef

paragraphs: Ground beef is a ground meat made of beef. it is used in many recipes including hamburgers and cottage pie.


title: Peter Walsh (Australian politician)

paragraphs: Peter Alexander Walsh (11 March 1935 – 10 April 2015) was an Australian senator and Labor politician from 1974 to 1993. e was elected to the Australian Senate in 1974, and served as Minister for Resources and Energy from 1983 to 1984 and Finance Minister from 1984 to 1990. He was noted for his pro-free market views.

paragraphs: Walsh died at a hospital in Perth after a short illness on 10 April 2015, aged 80.


title: Richie Benaud

paragraphs: Richard "Richie" Benaud OBE (; 6 October 1930 – 10 April 2015) was an Australian cricketer. After his retirement from international cricket in 1964, he became a well-known commentator on the game.

paragraphs: Benaud was born in Penrith, New South Wales. His parents were of French descent. He was raised in Sydney. Benaud studied at Parramatta High School.

paragraphs: Benaud was a Test cricket all-rounder. Along with fellow bowling all-rounder Alan Davidson, he helped Australia to be at the top of world cricket in the late 1950s and early 1960s after a slump in the early 1950s. In 1958 he became Australia's Test captain until his retirement in 1964.

paragraphs: In November 2014, Benaud announced that he was diagnosed with skin cancer, aged 84. He died in his sleep on 10 April 2015 in Sydney. Prime Minister of Australia Tony Abbott offered a state funeral for Benaud, but his family rejected the offer.


title: Yū Aoi

paragraphs: She has won many awards for her performances on screen, including the Japan Academy Prize and Kinema Junpo Awards for best supporting actress in 2007 for "Hula Girls" and Rookie of the Year for continued performances in the field of "Films in Media and Fine Arts" by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan in 2009.


title: Radiography

paragraphs: Radiography is the name for the use of X-rays to see what is happening to parts of the body. It is an imaging technique which uses electromagnetic radiation other than light, usually X-rays.

paragraphs: To create the image, a beam of X-rays is produced by an X-ray machine and is projected toward the object. A certain amount of X-ray is absorbed by the object, which is dependent on the density and composition of that object. The X-rays that pass through the object are captured behind the object by a detector (either photographic film or a digital detector). The detector gives a superimposed 2D representation of the object's internal structures.

paragraphs: Tomography is a more advanced way of using X-rays. In tomography, the machine blurs out structures not in the focal plane. This gives a series of pictures, like a set of slices through the body. It is called CT scanning, or computer tomography. The computer builds a 3-D picture for the expert to look at.

paragraphs: Radiography has many medical and industrial uses.


title: The Place Beyond the Pines

paragraphs: The Place Beyond the Pines is a 2012 American crime drama movie. It was directed by Derek Cianfrance and it was produced by Lynette Howell, Sidney Kimmel, Alex Orlovsky, and Jamie Patricof.

paragraphs: The movie got positive reviews from critics. It has a 80% rating on Rotten Tomatoes. Kevin Jagernauth of Indiewire gave a positive review and said that it was a "ambitious epic that is cut from some of the same thematic tissue as Cianfrance's previous film, but expands the scope into a wondrously widescreen tale of fathers, sons and the legacy of sins that are passed down through the generations".


title: Subsidiary alliance

paragraphs: Subsidiary alliance is a system developed by the East India Company. mainly by Lord Wellesley. It solved the problem of ruling a nation which is under the rule of a king.

paragraphs: Some of the rules of the subsidiary alliance were:

paragraphs: Under this doctrine, Indian rulers under British protection surrendered the control of their foreign affairs to the British. Most disbanded their native armies, instead maintaining British troops within their states to protect them from attack. As British power grew, in most parts of India this became increasingly unlikely. The system also allowed the British to maintain their army at the expense of local rulers.


title: De La Trémoille family

paragraphs: The House of La Trémoille is an old French family which takes its name from a village (now La Trimouille) in western France. They are related to the Princely Family of Ligne. The family has been known since the middle of the 11th century, and since the 14th century its members have been important in French history.

paragraphs: The main line were known as the Viscounts of Thouars (they were made dukes in 1563), who also used the title Prince of Talmont as well as Prince of Tarente. Men in the family also used the title of Dukes of La Trémoille but more often than not Duke of Thouars was used.


title: Jin Youzhi

paragraphs: Jin Youzhi (17 August 1918 – 10 April 2015), also known as Aisin Gioro Puren, was the fourth and youngest son of Zaifeng. He was the last surviving sibling of Puyi, the final ruler of the Qing Dynasty and last Emperor of China.

paragraphs: Youzhi was born in the Prince Chun Mansion in Shichahai, Beijing.


title: Alexander Dalgarno

paragraphs: Alexander Dalgarno FRS (5 January 1928 – 9 April 2015) was a British physicist. He was a Phillips Professor of Astronomy at Harvard University. He worked in theoretical chemistry, scattering theory, atmospheric physics & chemistry and astrophysics. He was known as the "father of molecular astrophysics".


title: Judith Malina

paragraphs: Judith Malina (June 4, 1926 – April 10, 2015) was a German-born American theater and movie actress, writer, and director.

paragraphs: Malina was born in Kiel and moved to New York City at age three.

paragraphs: She co-founded The Living Theatre. She was active during the 1960s and 1970s. She was known for her roles as Sonny's mother in "Dog Day Afternoon", Rose in "Awakenings" and as Paulie Gualtieri's mother in "The Sopranos".

paragraphs: Malina died of lung disease at her home in Englewood, New Jersey, aged 88.


title: Ray Graves

paragraphs: Samuel Ray Graves (December 31, 1918 – April 10, 2015) was an American college and professional football player and college football coach.

paragraphs: Graves was born in Knoxville, Tennessee. He studied at the University of Tennessee, where he played college football. Graves was best known as the head coach of the Florida Gators football team of the University of Florida. He served twenty years as the athletic director of the university.

paragraphs: Graves died in Clearwater, Florida, aged 96.


title: John Papit

paragraphs: John Michael Papit (July 25, 1928 – April 6, 2015) was an American football halfback in the National Football League. He played for the Washington Redskins and the Green Bay Packers. He played college football at the University of Virginia and was drafted in the seventh round of the 1951 NFL Draft.


title: Jim Mutscheller

paragraphs: Jim 'Bucky' Mutscheller (March 31, 1930 – April 10, 2015) was an American football player. He played tight end for nine seasons for the Baltimore Colts. He was born in Beaver Falls, Pennsylvania.

paragraphs: Mutscheller played football, basketball, and baseball at Beaver Falls High School, and three seasons of varsity football at Notre Dame under coach Frank Leahy from 1949 to 1951, including on the 1949 national championship team.

paragraphs: Mutscheller played both defensive end and offense for the Fighting Irish, and served as team captain his senior year.

paragraphs: Mutscheller died of kidney failure in Towson, Maryland, aged 85.


title: Michael Kiessou

paragraphs: Anacle Michael Ghounam Kiessou, better known by his stage name Michael Kiessou is a Cameroonian singer-songwriter and entertainer. He became popular with his song "Bennam". The song was on his debut EP, "Partage", released on April 2, 2014.

paragraphs: | style="text-align:center;" rowspan="2"| 2015


title: Prosimian

paragraphs: Prosimians are a group of proto-primates. It includes all living and extinct strepsirrhines (lemurs, lorises, and adapiforms), as well as the haplorhine tarsiers and their extinct relatives, the omomyiforms.

paragraphs: They have characteristics that are more "primitive" (ancestral or plesiomorphic) than those of simians (monkeys, apes, and humans).

paragraphs: Prosimians are a paraphyletic group and not a clade (a group of an ancestor and all its descendants). Tarsiers share a more recent common ancestor with all simians than with the strepsirrhines. Consequently, the term "prosimian" is no longer an official term in taxonomy. It is still used to compare their behaviour with that of other primates.

paragraphs: Prosimians are the only primates native to Madagascar, but are also found throughout Africa and in Asia.


title: Adapiformes

paragraphs: Adapiformes are an extinct group of early primates. Adapiformes radiated throughout much of the northern continental mass, reaching as far south as northern Africa and tropical Asia. They lived from the Eocene to the Miocene epochs. Some adapiformes looked similar to living lemurs.

paragraphs: Adapiformes are known from the fossil record only, and it is unclear whether they form a monophyletic or paraphyletic group. When assumed to be a clade, they are usually grouped under the "wet-nosed" taxon Strepsirrhini, which would make them more closely related to the lemurs and less so to the "dry-nosed" Haplorhini taxon that includes monkeys and apes.

paragraphs: In 2009, Franzen and colleagues put the newly described genus "Darwinius" as a stem "missing link" between Strepsirrhini and Haplorhini. Later work on the "Darwinius" fossil by Erik Seiffert and colleagues rejected this "missing link" idea. They classify "Darwinius" and other adapiformes as Strepsirrhini.

paragraphs: The fossil record of the Adapiformes is quite considerable. The fossils are first found in the earliest Eocene, 55 million years ago (mya). They lived in four continents (North America, Africa, Europe and Asia). The Eocene was a period when the Earth was much warmer than today, with very extensive tropical forests, far more so than today. The widespread remains mean a much earlier origin, and molecular clock dates suggest that primates evolved more than 80–90 mya, nearly 40 million years before they appear in the fossil record.


title: Joan Carreras i Goicoechea

paragraphs: Joan Carreras i Goicoechea (born in Barcelona, 1962) is a Catalan journalist, screenwriter, and writer. He is a professor in the Faculty of Communication at Blanquerna. He teaches digital journalism. He worked for ten years at the broadcasting company Corporació Catalana de Mitjans Audiovisuals. He was the director of Canal 33. He was also the manager of the program "Info-K". At television channel 324.cat he tried out new formats and digital narratives. He has also worked for many newspapers, such as "Avui", "Diari de Barcelona" and "El Temps". In 2014, he received the Premi Sant Jordi de novel·la for his novel "L'àguila negra" (The black eagle).


title: Emili Rosales i Castellà

paragraphs: Emili Rosales i Castellà is a Catalan writer and editor. He began in the field of poetry, but quickly changed to writing novels. After publishing three books in four years, he dedicated five years to publish the fifth. The effort was rewarded when "La ciutat invisible" won the Sant Jordi award. It received good reviews. The novel has been translated to Spanish.

paragraphs: Rosales has also worked as a translator. He has been a literature professor. Occasionally he publishes book reviews in the press. He is the editorial director of Grup 62 (a publishing house) and Destino.

paragraphs: His works have been translated to German, English, Spanish, French, Greek, Italian, Japanese, Portuguese, Romanian, Serbian and Chinese.


title: John de Lancie

paragraphs: John de Lancie (born November 13, 1948) is an American actor. He is also a director, producer, writer, singer and voice artist, best known for his role as Q in "Star Trek" and as the voice of Discord in "".

paragraphs: de Lancie was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania on November 13, 1948 to John and Andrea de Lancie.

paragraphs: de Lancie attended Kent State University and the Juilliard School. He has appeared in several television series. These include "L.A. Law", "Days of Our Lives", "", "The Practice", and "Picket Fences". He has also appeared in "Stargate SG-1", "Breaking Bad", and "".


title: Sebastià Alzamora i Martín

paragraphs: Sebastià Alzamora i Martín (born in Llucmajor, Mallorca, 6 March 1972) is a writer and literary critic. He calls himself a member of the poetic group called Imparables.

paragraphs: Alzamora graduated from Balearic Islands University with a degree in Catalan philology. He first became well-known after publishing a book of poetry called "Rafel" (1994). "Rafel" won the Premi Salvador Espriu, an important prize. He has also published "Apoteosi del cercle" (1997), "Mula morta" (2001), and "El benestar" (2003).

paragraphs: As a narrator, he has published "L'extinció" (1999), "Sara i Jeremies" (2002), "La pell i la princesa" (2005), "Nit de l'ànima" (2007), "Miracle a Llucmajor" (2010), and "Dos amics de vint anys" (2013). He wrote an essay about Gabriel Janer Manila called "L'escriptura del Foc" (1998). He also helped create "Imparables, Una antologia" (2004), and published "Dogmàtica Imparable" (2005) with Héctor Bofill and Manuel Forcano.

paragraphs: As a feature writer, Alzamora writes articles for the newspapers "Avui" and "Ara".

paragraphs: Since December 2007, he has been director of the magazine "Cultura".


title: Field-programmable gate array

paragraphs: A Field-programmable gate array (often shortened to FPGA) is an electronic component used to build reconfigurable digital circuits. That means that an FPGA is different from a logic gate, because a logic gate has a fixed function. In contrast an FPGA has an undefined function at the time of manufacture. Before the FPGA can be used in a circuit it must be programmed, that is, reconfigured.

paragraphs: FPGAs are integrated circuits in the category of programmable logic devices or PLDs. FPGAs are the highest performance, most flexible and also the most expensive of the PLD types. A drawback of FPGAs compared to other PLDs is that they do not remember their design when the power is removed. An FPGA therefore needs a separate configuration memory chip that holds the FPGA design. When the power is given back to the FPGA a fixed part of the FPGA reads the configuration from the configuration memory chip. After the FPGA is configured it will be able to do the function it was given by the design.

paragraphs: An FPGA is different from a microprocessor or microcontroller. An FPGA in its basic form is not able to run software. Only when the FPGA is given a configuration that contains a processor-architecture it has the ability to run software.

paragraphs: FPGA manufacturers provide engineering software for Windows and sometimes also Linux, to develop designs for FPGAs. The design is commonly written in human readable computer files called a Hardware Description Language (HDL). The most popular are VHDL and Verilog. Hardware description languages are strongly comparable to programming languages. But the intention of HDLs is to design digital logic circuits while programming languages design software.

paragraphs: The FPGA engineering software has to translate the abstract HDL code into the logic elements available in the selected FPGA. That is called logic synthesis. Then a process of place and route is done to position the logic elements in the FPGA. The result is a bitfile that can be programmed into the FPGA or the configuration memory. This is usually done with a USB programmer connected to the JTAG port of the FPGA.

paragraphs: Because the FPGA is an integrated circuit, an FPGA manufacturer can decide to add other commonly used integrated circuit components. These fixed parts are called cores. These are for example Ethernet controllers or even a complete processor-architecture. For different market segments such as defense, medical, communications and robotics the FPGA manufacturer tries to add the most valuable set of these additional cores.

paragraphs: FPGAs are generally built upon programmable logic elements and programmable interconnects. One building block of logic elements is a programmable Lookup Table (). A LUT can be programmed to output any value given input values. In this way, a LUT can be programmed to be any type of logic with the same number of inputs and outputs. For example, a 2-input, 1-output LUT can be programmed to emulate the logic of a 2-input AND, OR, NAND, NOR, XOR, etc. The output of this LUT can be either saved using a or connected to the input of other LUTs. Using a programmable mux, the FPGA can be programmed to choose the registered or non-registered output. This combination of a LUT, a register, and a mux is the general structure of a logic element.

paragraphs: To connect these logic elements together, pass transistors are used. The transistor can be programmed to either connect a signal or not, thereby giving the FPGA the ability to very specifically connect logic elements together. For example, if the output of one logic elements will feed the input of another, the pass transistor can be programmed to connect these two wires together and match the specified logic. Between the logic elements and the pass transistors, a compiler can take a hardware description from an HDL, create the logic for the logic elements, and connect them together using the pass transistors.


title: Logic block

paragraphs: A logic block, sometimes called configurable logic block is a component of an FPGA. Each logic block can be configured to hold a number of logic gates, which are interconnected.


title: Hayle

paragraphs: Hayle is a small town and civil parish in Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. It is situated on the mouth of Hayle River. The river discharges into St. Ives Bay. Hayle is about northeast of Penzance.


title: Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution

paragraphs: The Fourteenth Amendment (Amendment XIV) to the United States Constitution was adopted on July 9, 1868. It was one of the Reconstruction Amendments. The amendment discusses citizenship rights and equal protection of the laws. It was proposed in response to issues related to former slaves following the American Civil War. This amendment was bitterly contested. Southern states were forced to ratify it in order to regain representation in Congress. The Fourteenth Amendment is one of the most litigated parts of the Constitution. It forms the basis for landmark decisions such as "Roe v. Wade" (1972), and "Bush v. Gore" (2000). It remains the most important Constitutional amendment since the Bill of Rights was passed in 1791.

paragraphs: At the end of the Civil War, Abraham Lincoln freed the slaves. The problem was, he did not ask Congress. Congress had not passed a law to free slaves. Meanwhile, some states still had slavery. The Thirteenth Amendment freed the slaves. It became law in late 1865. Three years later the Fourteenth Amendment provided civil rights. Republicans controlled Congress during this period. They wanted to give full citizenship to freed slaves. But they also realized that giving civil rights to blacks, it opened the door for women's suffrage. It would lead to giving women the right to vote, which Congress did not want to do. If only section one was included in the amendment, the wording "all persons born or naturalized in the United States" would include women. For this reason, the word "male" was inserted in section two so the amendment would be approved by Congress.

paragraphs: The first section of the Fourteenth Amendment gave citizenship to “all persons born or naturalized in the United States”, and "subject to the jurisdiction thereof". The second clause, commonly called the "Privileges and Immunities Clause", states that "the citizens of each state shall be entitled to all privileges and immunities of citizens in the several states." This gave all Americans the protection of civil rights under the law. It forbids states from denying citizens their life, their liberty or their property without due process. States could not deny persons "equal protection of the laws." It meant that for the first time all people would have the same protection no matter what their color. The fact that states were mentioned makes them responsible for these protections the same as the federal government. The Fourteenth Amendment is cited more often in law suits than any other amendment.

paragraphs: The second section changed a part of the original Constitution which counted slaves as three-fifths of a person. This was for the purpose of determining how many U.S. congressmen a state could have (apportionment). The second section established that every citizen would be counted as one person.

paragraphs: The third section was intended to be strict with members of the Confederacy who fought against the United States. It required a two-thirds vote of Congress to allow leaders of the Confederacy to regain their citizenship or hold office. To be allowed to hold a federal office, former confederates had to swear an oath to uphold the constitution. Section four said the federal government would not repay Confederate debts. Section five means what it says, Congress will enforce the provisions of the 14th amendment.


title: Ante Roguljic

paragraphs: Ante Rogulic (born 11 March 1996 in Split, Croatia) is Croatian professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for FC Liefering in the Austrian Football First League.

paragraphs: As a youth, he played for NK Omladinac Vranjic and Adriatic Split. He went to F.C. Red Bull Salzburg in 2013. He was also player of FC Liefering, the second team of Red Bull Salzburg. His debut for Liefering was on 2 August 2013 in a 4-1 home win against ESV Parndorf For the first team he made his debut on 11 November 2014, in a 2-0 victory against Admira Wacker Mödling.

paragraphs: He played for Croatias U17, U18, U19 and U21 team. Roguljic is captain of the U19 team.


title: Borderlands 2

paragraphs: Borderlands 2 is a first-person shooter video game that was developed by Gearbox Software and published by 2K Games. It is the sequel to the 2009 video game Borderlands. The game follows the story of "Vault Hunters" on the planet Pandora, as one of four classes: Salvador The "Gunzerker", Zer0 The "Assassin", Maya The "Siren" or Axton The "Commando". Downloadable content was also released for the game, later being included in a Game of the Year edition. A version for the PlayStation 4 and Xbox One was released with . As of March 25, 2015, the game has sold 12 million copies.

paragraphs: A prequel game, called was released on October 14, 2014. This takes place before Borderlands 2 and Borderlands. A true sequel for the game, "Borderlands 3", was released in 2019.


title: Ramon Solsona i Sancho

paragraphs: Ramon Solsona i Sancho (Barcelona, February 7, 1950) is a Catalan writer and journalist. He has a degree in Romance Philology from the University of Barcelona. He is also a high school teacher. Is known for his ironic style. He is a regular contributor to newspapers such as "El Punt" and "La Vanguardia". He currently contributes to the radio program "El Matí de Catalunya Ràdio". He also contributes to "Catalunya Ràdio" and "RAC 1."

paragraphs: He has also been a poet (satirist) under the pseudonym "Lo Gaiter del Besòs". His novel "Les hores detingudes" won three literary awards in the same year. His work has been translated into Spanish and French. For television, he has worked as a writer for the series "Agència de viatges," "Estació d'enllaç" and "El cor de la ciutat". These were broadcast by TV3. He was co-author of the theme song of Futbol Club Barcelona (1998). In 2010 he received the premi Sant Jordi de novel·la for his book "L'home de la maleta".


title: Xavier Bosch i Sancho

paragraphs: Xavier Bosch i Sancho (born July 21, 1967 in Barcelona) is a Catalan writer and journalist. Bosch and Antoni Bassas created the program "Alguna pregunta més?" at Catalunya Ràdio. He received an Ondas award for that program. He worked at "La Vanguardia", "TV3" and "RAC 1" in sports. He was the director of the newspaper "Avui" from 2007 to 2008. In 2010, he founded a newspaper in Catalan, "Diari Ara". He wrote a trilogy whose first book ("Se sabrà tot") received a Sant Jordi Award in 2009. His second and third novels were "Homes d'honor" (2012) and "Eufòria". His last novel, "Algú com tu" (Someone like you, 2015), is winner of the Ramon Llull 2015 award.


title: Lluís-Anton Baulenas i Setó

paragraphs: Lluís-Anton Baulenas (born in Barcelona, 1958) is a Catalan novelist, translator and playwright.


title: Pep Coll

paragraphs: Josep Coll i Martí (born October 16, 1949 in Pessonada, Spain), also know as Pep Coll, is a Catalan writer. He has written in many different genres. He has also written for newspapers like "Segre", "El Periódico" and the magazine "Descobrir Catalunya".

paragraphs: Josep Coll i Martí came from a poor family. He studied the basic humanities at the seminary of La Seu d'Urgell. Martí continued his studies at the University of Barcelona where he graduated in philosophy and letters.

paragraphs: He started to work as a teacher in La Pobla de Segur (Pallars Jussà) for five years. After this five years he decided to move to Lleida. In the city of Lleida he worked as a teacher of the Catalan language and literature. He taught at the secondary school IES Màrius Torres from 1980-81 to 2009-10.

paragraphs: For over three decades, he has combined teaching with a writing profession. He is the president of the Center for Studies of Pallars. He has also been awarded several prizes such as the Catalan Critics Award. This was for his novel "Dos taüts negres i dos de blancs". He is known for being able to transfer his love of the mountains into his stories.


title: Janusz Kurczab

paragraphs: Janusz Kurczab (6 September 1937 – 11 April 2015) was a Polish fencer, mountaineer and expedition leader. He competed in team épée events at the 1960 Summer Olympics. He was born in Warsaw, Poland.


title: Lars Tunbjörk

paragraphs: Lars Tunbjörk (15 February 1956 – 8 April 2015) was a Swedish photographer. He was known for taking pictures of the Swedish landscape and landmarks. He was born in Borås, Sweden.

paragraphs: Tunbjörk died on 8 April 2015. His death was announced on 11 April. No cause of death was given. He was 59 years old.


title: Net neutrality

paragraphs: Net neutrality (also network neutrality, Internet neutrality, or net equality) is the principle that Internet service providers and governments should treat all data on the Internet equally. There should be no discriminating or charging differently by user, content, site, platform, application, type of attached equipment, or mode of communication. The term was coined by Columbia University media law professor Tim Wu in 2003. It was an extension of the longstanding concept of a common carrier.

paragraphs: Examples of net neutrality violations include when the Internet service provider Comcast intentionally slowed peer-to-peer communications. In 2007, one other company was using deep packet inspection to discriminate against peer-to-peer, file transfer protocol, and online games. They started using a cell-phone-style billing system of overages, free-to-telecom value-added services, and bundling.


title: Sheila Kitzinger

paragraphs: Sheila Helena Elizabeth Kitzinger MBE (29 March 1929 - 11 April 2015) was a British natural childbirth activist and author on childbirth and pregnancy. She was known for being an expert on natural childbirth. She was born in was born in Taunton, Somerset.

paragraphs: Kitzinger died in Oxfordshire, England after a short illness, aged 86.


title: Paul Almond

paragraphs: Paul Almond (April 26, 1931 – April 10, 2015) was a Canadian screenwriter, director and producer. He was known for directing "Isabel", "Journey", and "The Act of the Heart". He was born in Montreal, Quebec.

paragraphs: Almond died from complications of heart disease at his home in Malibu, California, aged 83.


title: André Mba Obame

paragraphs: André Mba Obame (15 June 1957 – 12 April 2015) was a Gabonese politician. After serving as an adviser to President Omar Bongo in the 1980s, he was a minister in the government of Gabon from 1990 to 1991 and again from 1997 to 2009.

paragraphs: Obame died in Yaoundé, Cameroon, on 12 April 2015 from a long-illness, aged 57.


title: The Amazing Criswell

paragraphs: Jeron Criswell King (August 18, 1907 – October 4, 1982), born Jeron Criswell Konig, and known by his stage-name The Amazing Criswell , was an American psychic known for making wrong predictions. In person, he went by Charles Criswell King, and was sometimes credited as Jeron King Criswell. He was born in Princeton, Indiana.

paragraphs: Criswell was a friend of director Ed Wood and narrated in his famous movie "Plan 9 from Outer Space".

paragraphs: Criswell died of cardiac arrest in Burbank, California, aged 75.


title: Market basket

paragraphs: In economics a customer basket, market basket or commodity basket is a set of different amounts of different goods and possibly services. The commodity basket will contain goods and services a typical consumer will likely need. Commodity baskets serve to monitor the state of an economy. The amount of money needed to buy all the items in a commodity basket can be monitored over time; this is called consumer price index.


title: Jack Box

paragraphs: Jack I. Box, also known as Mr. Box, is a fictional character and the mascot of the Jack in the Box commercials. He is the founder and chairman of the restaurant and spokesman for the commercials.


title: Frankie Bridge

paragraphs: Francesca "Frankie" Bridge (née Sandford; born 14 January 1989) is an English singer-songwriter. She was born in Upminster, London. She was a member of S Club 8 (2001-2005). Since 2007, she is a member of girl group The Saturdays, signed to the Fascination and Polydor labels.

paragraphs: The group has released sixteen singles so far, of which thirteen have reached the Top 10 on the UK Singles Chart. There was one UK number-one single, "What About Us". In addition, the group has had five Top 10 albums on the UK Albums Chart, which were all certified by the British Phonographic Industry.

paragraphs: Bridge has had nineteen UK Top 10 Singles and six UK Top 10 Albums. She was a contestant in the 2014 series of Strictly Come Dancing.

paragraphs: Sandford had a relationship with Dougie Poynter from 2008-2010. She began a relationship with Wayne Bridge in 2010. The couple's son was born in 2013. The couple married in 2014.


title: Mind of Mencia

paragraphs: Mind of Mencia is an American television series, created by Carlos Mencia.

paragraphs: Each DVD set includes uncensored versions of each season's episodes with bonus features, including commentary, a behind the scenes featurette, and deleted scenes.


title: Jack Darragh

paragraphs: John Proctor "Jack" Darragh (December 4, 1890 – June 25, 1924) was a Canadian professional ice hockey right winger. He played parts of 13 years of professional ice hockey, all with the Ottawa Senators.

paragraphs: On December 27, 1910, Darragh signed a contract with the Ottawa Senators of the National Hockey Association (NHA). Darragh played with them until the NHA folded. After the Senators joined the National Hockey League (NHL), they decided to keep him on the team. When he became a free agent, he signed another contract with the Senators on December 4, 1922.

paragraphs: During his time with the Senators, Darragh won four Stanley Cups with them. He won them in 1911, 1920, 1921, and 1923. After his final cup win, he decided to retire from playing professional ice hockey. On June 25, 1924, he died from peritonitis, caused by a ruptured appendix.

paragraphs: Darragh was inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame in 1963.


title: Cheshire cat

paragraphs: The Cheshire cat is a character from Alice in Wonderland. It is known for its special grin. It is also special because it can make itself invisible, but sometimes the grin can still be seen. The concept of the cheshire cat has been very popular, and it has also been used in other domains of science, to describe certain phenomena. It also was known well by his drawing by Tim Burton


title: Tiffany lamp

paragraphs: A Tiffany lamp is a type of lamp with a glass shade. They are made with glass designed by Louis Comfort Tiffany and his design studio, Tiffany & Co.. The most famous was the stained leaded glass lamp. Tiffany lamps are considered part of the Art Nouveau movement.

paragraphs: Due to Tiffany's dominant influence on the style, the term 'Tiffany lamp' or 'Tiffany style lamp' often refers to stained leaded glass lamps. Even those not made by Louis Comfort Tiffany's company.


title: Grant Holt

paragraphs: Grant Holt (born 12 April 1981) is an English footballer. He was born in Carlisle, Cumbria. He currently plays for Wigan Athletic F.C.. Holt is a top scoring striker. Holt was voted Norwich's Player of the Year in 2010, 2011 and 2012.


title: Short film

paragraphs: A short film or short is any movie not long enough to be considered a feature film (movie). The Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences defines a short film as "an original motion picture that has a running time of 40 minutes or less, including all credits". However, the term is used by many as a catchall for anything less than 90 minutes in length. A feature film or movie usually runs from 90 to 120 minutes but can be as long as 180 minutes. There are other standards for short films. The Oberhausen short film festival defines a short as 35 minutes. The BBC Short Film Festival, the Academy Awards, and Clermont-Ferrand use 40 minutes. The San Francisco, Uppsala, and Kraków are among those using a limit of 60 minutes.

paragraphs: Short films or movies are sometimes called short subjects. Before 1910 all American movies were short subjects. Another term used for short films is avant-garde or "avant-garde short films". The term featurette originally was used for a movie or film longer than a short subject, but shorter than a standard feature film. Documentaries are almost always short films. So are many training films.

paragraphs: Short films are usually made by independent filmmakers and are not for profit. They are made with a low budget or no budget at all. Shorts are usually funded by film grants, non profit organizations, Sponsors, or personal funds. Short films are generally used by filmmakers to gain experience. They are also used to prove their talent in order to gain funding for future films. They want to attract private investors, entertainment companies, or film studios. Most film festivals show feature films or movies but also show short films. Some short films are shown along with a feature film.


title: Eduardo Galeano

paragraphs: Eduardo Hughes Galeano (3 September 1940 – 13 April 2015) was a Uruguayan journalist, writer and novelist. His best-known works are "Las venas abiertas de América Latina" (Open Veins of Latin America, 1971) and "Memoria del fuego" (Memory of Fire Trilogy, 19826).

paragraphs: Galeano died in Montevideo, Uruguay from lung cancer, aged 74."


title: Tom Towles

paragraphs: Tom Towles (March 20, 1950 – April 5, 2015) was an American actor. He was known for his roles "Night of the Living Dead", "Fortress", "Mad Dog and Glory", "Blood in Blood Out", "House of 1000 Corpses", and its sequel, "The Devil's Rejects".


title: Ronnie Carroll

paragraphs: Ronnie Carroll (born Ronald Cleghorn, 18 August 1934 – 13 April 2015) was a Northern Irish singer and entertainer. Carroll was born in Roslyn Street, Belfast, Northern Ireland. He stood in the Haltemprice and Howden by-election, 2008 as a candidate for Make Politicians History and received 29 votes despite announcing that he was trying to enter the record books by receiving no votes.

paragraphs: He lived in Hampstead, London. Carroll died aged 80 on 13 April 2015 from a short-illness.


title: Patrice Dominguez

paragraphs: Patrice Dominguez (12 January 1950 – 12 April 2015) was a French tennis player. He was born in Algiers, Algeria. He represented France in the Davis Cup between 1971 and 1979. He then became a trainer for several players such as Henri Leconte and Fabrice Santoro. He also worked as an analyst for different French media. Between 2005 and 2011 he was the national technical director of the French Tennis Federation.

paragraphs: Dominguez died on 12 April 2015 from lung disease at the age of 65.


title: The Tin Drum

paragraphs: The Tin Drum () is a 1959 novel by Günter Grass. The novel is the first book of Grass's "" (Danzig Trilogy). It was made into a movie in 1979.


title: Mario Adorf

paragraphs: Mario Adorf (born 8 September 1930) is a Swiss-born German movie actor. He was known for his roles as "Alfred Matzerath" in "The Tin Drum" (1979). He has also wrote many autobiographies about his career. Adorf was born in Zürich, Switzerland.


title: Paul Muller (actor)

paragraphs: Paul Konrad Muller (born 11 March 1923 in Neuchâtel) is a Swiss character actor. He was known for his roles in "Journey to Italy" (1954), "Nightmare Castle" (1965) and "Vampyros Lesbos" (1971).


title: Michèle Morgan

paragraphs: Michèle Morgan (; 29 February 1920 – 20 December 2016) was a French movie actress.

paragraphs: Morgan was born Simone Renée Roussel in Neuilly-sur-Seine, Hauts-de-Seine, a wealthy western suburb of Paris.

paragraphs: Morgan was known for her roles in "Port of Shadows", "Passage to Marseille" (alongside Humphrey Bogart), "Stormy Waters", "Fabiola", "The Proud and the Beautiful", and in "The Grand Maneuver".

paragraphs: Morgan died on 20 December 2016 at her home in Paris, aged 96.


title: A Killer Among Friends

paragraphs: A Killer Among Friends is a 1992 made-for-television movie. It aired on CBS on December 8, 1992. Based on a true story, the movie stars Patty Duke as a mother grieving for her murdered daughter (Tiffani Thiessen). She sets out to find the killer. The movie is based on the real life murder of Michele "Missy" Avila.


title: Trevi fountain

paragraphs: The Trevi fountain is a fountain in Rome. It lies in the Trevi district, from which it gets its name. The current fountain was built from 1732 to 1736 in Baroque style. At about high and about wide the Trevi fountain is Rome's largest fountain. It is also one of the best-known ones.

paragraphs: In the year 19 BC, Marcus Agrippa commissioned an aqueduct to provide water for the baths he had built in the city. This aqueduct is about long, and has been in use since then. From the 12th century, the aqueduct provided water to three fountains in the current Via del Corso in Rome. Pope Nicholas V ordered the restoration of the aqueduct, in the 15th cenrury. The new aqueduct ended in a different place. Leon Battista Alberti constructed a simple fountain, which provided water from three openings. The wall of this fountain also bore the signs of the pope. Pope Pius IV also had the aqueduct restored, about a century later, from 1561 to 1570. Pope Urban VIII ordered a new fountain to be built; for lack of money, all that was done is that the place before the fountain was enlarged.


title: Mount Hope (Antarctica)

paragraphs: Mount Hope is a mountain in Antarctica. Ernest Shackleton named it in 1908, when he was on an expedition to reach the geographic south pole. The expedition was named Nimrod Expedition. Mount Hope has a height of 835m. Shackleton climbed the mountain to get a better view of the sourrounding area. On the top of the mountain, Shackleton had a better view of the Beardmore Glacier. Shackleton and his team reached the polar plateau, but did not reach the geographic south pole.

paragraphs: Three years later, Robert Falcon Scott started an expedition which used the route Shackleton had taken. They reached the south pole, but fronze to death on their way back.


title: Andover, Kansas

paragraphs: Andover, Kansas is a city in southeast Kansas. It is near Wichita. At the 2010 census, 11,791 people lived there. On April 26, 1991, Andover was severely damaged by an F5 tornado.


title: Tony Anselmo

paragraphs: Anthony "Tony" Anselmo (born February 18, 1960) is an American voice actor and animator. He has been the voice of Donald Duck since 1985. He took over the role after Clarence Nash's death in 1985. Anselmo spent three years as his understudy. Anselmo has also shared voice-over duties (with Russi Taylor) for Huey, Dewey and Louie since 1999. He has voiced the nephews on Mickey Mouse Works and House of Mouse. He also lent his voice to minor characters in The Great Mouse Detective, Mickey's Around the World in 80 Days and Phineas and Ferb.

paragraphs: Anselmo has also worked as a voice actor for the Kingdom Hearts series. This featured Donald Duck as one of three main characters. He also provided the voice of Donald in the video game Kinect Disneyland Adventures in 2011. Anselmo attended the Character Animation program at the California Institute of the Arts. As an animator, Anselmo has worked on such Disney theatrical films as The Black Cauldron, The Little Mermaid, Beauty and the Beast, The Lion King, Tarzan and The Emperor's New Groove. In September 2009, Tony Anselmo was named a Disney Legend.


title: James Spader

paragraphs: James Todd Spader (born February 7, 1960) is an American actor. He is best known for his roles in "Stargate" (1994), "Crash" (1996), "Secretary" (2002) and "The Blacklist" (2013). He played Robert California in "The Office".

paragraphs: Spader was born in Boston, Massachusetts.


title: Mortimer Caplin

paragraphs: Mortimer Maxwell Caplin (July 11, 1916 – July 15, 2019) was an American lawyer and educator. He was the founding member of Caplin & Drysdale, Chartered. Caplin served on John F. Kennedy's Task Force on Taxation and in January 1961. He appointed U.S. Commissioner of Internal Revenue.

paragraphs: Caplin was born in New York City, New York. He turned 100 in July 2016. Caplin died on July 15, 2019 in Chevy Chase, Maryland at the age of 103.


title: Ameril Umbra Kato

paragraphs: Al-Ustaj Umbra Amiril Kato (18 May 1946 – 14 April 2015) was a Filipino terrorist. He was the founder of the Bangsamoro Islamic Freedom Fighters (BIFF) a group which seceded from Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF).

paragraphs: He joined the MILF after 1985, after he graduated from Imam Muhammad bin Saud Islamic University in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Umbra Kato was the Philippine's most wanted man though due to his still official membership in the MILF.

paragraphs: Kato died of a heart attack at the age of 68.


title: Herb Trimpe

paragraphs: Herbert W. "Herb" Trimpe (May 26, 1939 – April 13, 2015) was an American comic book artist and occasional writer. He was best known as the seminal 1970s artist on "The Incredible Hulk" and as the first artist to draw for publication the character Wolverine, who later became a breakout star of the X-Men.

paragraphs: Trimpe died suddenly in Hurley, New York on April 13, 2015 at the age of 75.


title: John Romita, Sr.

paragraphs: John V. Romita, Sr. (often known as simply John Romita) (born January 24, 1930) is an American comic-book artist. He is best known for his work on Marvel Comics' "The Amazing Spider-Man". He was inducted into the Will Eisner Comic Book Hall of Fame in 2002.


title: When a Man Loves a Woman

paragraphs: "When a Man Loves a Woman" is a 1966 R&B song by Percy Sledge. The song hit #1 on the U.S. "Billboard" Hot 100 chart. It also was #1 on the R&B singles chart. The song was later performed by Michael Bolton in 1991. His version won a Grammy Award. Barbara Mandrell recorded a country music version of this song, also in 1991.


title: Celadon

paragraphs: Celadon is a term for ceramics meaning both a type of glaze and color. Celadon originated in China. Kilns such as the Longquan kiln in Zhejiang province are known for their celadon works. Celadon production later spread to other regions in Asia, such as Japan and Korea and Thailand.


title: Micheline Presle

paragraphs: Micheline Presle (born 22 August 1922) is a French actress. She was known for her roles in "Devil in the Flesh", "Paris Frills", "The Legend of Frenchie King", "Donkey Sin", and "Adventures of Captain Fabian".


title: Homaro Cantu

paragraphs: Homaro Cantu (September 23, 1976 – April 14, 2015) was an American inventor, entrepreneur, chef and molecular gastronomer. He owned and operated the Cantu Designs Firm and Moto Restaurant in Chicago, Illinois.

paragraphs: On April 14, 2015, Cantu's body was found hanging inside a building he purchased in hopes of renovating it into a brewery on the Northwest Side of Chicago. Cantu was 38. After an autopsy on April 15, the Cook County medical examiner’s office officially declared Cantu's death a suicide.


title: Norman H. Bangerter

paragraphs: Norman "Norm" Howard Bangerter (January 4, 1933 – April 14, 2015) was an American politician. He was the 13th Governor of Utah from 1985 to 1993. He was the first Republican elected to the position since 1965.

paragraphs: On April 14 2015, Bangerter suffered a stroke and later died at the age of 82 in Murray, Utah.


title: Deep Throat

paragraphs: Deep Throat or Deep-throat may refer to:


title: 1944 Great Atlantic hurricane

paragraphs: The 1944 Great Atlantic hurricane was a severe tropical cyclone. The entire U.S. Atlantic seaboard was affected in September 1944. The hurricane struck several states from North Carolina to New York and central New England. The storm killed 300-400 people. It caused $100 million in damage.

paragraphs: During World War II, the US kept radio silence about military information including weather. The government was aware that German U-boats patrolled the coastal waters. Hurricane-warning flags were posted at coast guard stations and post offices. But weather forecasters wanted the public to know this was a monster storm. The Hurricane Warning Centers in Miami, San Juan, Washington DC and Boston issued a total of 51 warnings. In New York city alone there were thousands of phone calls made and received between September 12 and 15.

paragraphs: On September 9, 1944, it was first discovered just northeast of Puerto Rico. It was already at hurricane strength. Weather reconnaissance aircraft discovered the eye of the storm over the northern part of the Bahamas. The Miami office of the National Hurricane Center named it "Great Atlantic Hurricane" because of its great size. For the next few days it moved steadily in a west-northwest direction. On September 12, 1944, reconnaissance aircraft reported the storm was growing stronger. At this time the winds were reported at over 150 mph and it was about 500 miles across.

paragraphs: At 10 pm on 14 September the hurricane made landfall on eastern Long Island. At this point it was a category 3 hurricane. It passed just south of Boston, Massachusetts. It moved out to sea at 1:00 am on 15 September. The storm weakened into a tropical storm as it passed near the coast of Maine. It then moved into New Brunswick,Canada. On 15 September it became extratropical. It then merged with another weather system southwest of Greenland.

paragraphs: The hurricane caused a great deal of damage to World War II military ships. Five ships were sunk. The destroyer USS "Warrington" capsized with a loss of 248 men. The minesweeper "YMS-409" also capsized. The United States Coast Guard Cutters "Bedloe" and "Jackson" sank off the Outer Banks of North Carolina. Between the two 47 men were lost. The Coast Guard Lightvessel "Vineyard Sound" was sunk. The entire crew was lost.

paragraphs: New Jersey was one of the hardest hit states. Nine were killed and 390 were injured. More than 400 homes were completely destroyed with about 3,000 damaged. Atlantic City got the worst part of the storm. Heavy flooding and high winds caused a great deal of damage. Reports said there were tidal waves 50 to 60 feet high.


title: Robert O. Peterson

paragraphs: Robert Oscar Peterson (1916–1994) was an American businessman and philanthropist. As the founder of the Jack in the Box restaurant chain, he popularized the drive-through fast food restaurant concept. He is credited with being the first to pair the drive-through window with an intercom system for greater efficiency. On April 18, 1994, Peterson died in San Diego, California of leukemia at age 78.


title: Leilani Leeane

paragraphs: Leilani Leeane (born October 1, 1992) is the stage name of an African-American model and pornographic actress.


title: ILOVEYOU

paragraphs: ILOVEYOU was a computer worm that first appeared on May 5, 2000. The worm was sent by email using the subject "ILOVEYOU", with the worm attached. The worm would look like a text file, until it was opened. The file would be called "LOVE-LETTER-FOR-YOU.txt.vbs". Because of Microsoft Windows' default options, the user would not see the ".vbs" extension, and mistake it for a harmless text file which cannot execute code.

paragraphs: Most of the files on the computer would be replaced by the worm. Depending on what version was run, the payload would be different, because the worm could be changed so easily. The worm was written in Visual Basic, and used Microsoft Outlook to spread. It infected over 45 million computers and caused $5.5 billion in damages.


title: Bella Moretti

paragraphs: Bella Moretti (born March 12, 1989 in Las Vegas, Nevada) is the stage name of an Afro-American model and pornographic actress. She started making pornographic movies in 2008. Has also used the aliases Bella Morecti, Bella Marette and Bella Moriett.


title: Misty Stone

paragraphs: Michelle Lynn Hall (born March 26, 1986 in Inglewood, California), better known by her stage name Misty Stone, is an Afro-American pornographic actress and fetish model. She started making pornographic movies in 2006. Has also used the aliases Jenny Stone, Misti Stone and Misty.


title: Klaus Bednarz

paragraphs: Klaus Bednarz (6 June 1942 – 14 April 2015) was a German journalist and writer. He had been working in television since 1967. From 1971 until 1977, he was a foreign correspondent in Poland and then to the Soviet Union until 1982. He was also a presenter on the programme "Monitor". He wrote many books in Polish and Russian. He also won many journalism awards.

paragraphs: Bednarz was born in Falkensee, Brandenburg. He studied at universities in Hamburg, Vienna and Moscow.

paragraphs: Bednarz died on 14 April 2015 in Schwerin, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, aged 72.


title: Meir Rosenne

paragraphs: Meir Rosenne (; 19 February 1931 – 14 April 2015) was an Israeli lawyer and diplomat. Rosenne was born in Jassy, Romania.

paragraphs: From 1971 until 1979 he served as legal adviser to the Israeli Ministry of Foreign Affairs. From 1979 until 1983 he served as the Israeli Ambassador to France. From 1983 until 1987 he served as the Israeli Ambassador to the United States. In 1987 Rosenne retired from the diplomatic service. From 1989 until 1994 he served as President of the Israel Bonds Organization.

paragraphs: Rosenne died on 14 April 2015 in Jerusalem, aged 84.


title: Zalman Shoval

paragraphs: Zalman Shoval (, born 28 April 1930) is an Israeli politician and diplomat. He is also active in Israel's economic life.

paragraphs: He was the Israeli ambassador to the United States in the years 1990–1993 and 1998–2000, and an active member of the Knesset in the Rafi party of Ben Gurion, the State List, and the Likud party.

paragraphs: Shoval was born in the Free City of Danzig (now Gdańsk, Poland).


title: Ruth Dayan

paragraphs: Ruth Dayan, born "Ruth Schwartz", (born March 6, 1917) is an Israeli activist. She is the widow of late Israeli general and politician Moshe Dayan. She founded the Maskit fashion house and is active in many social causes.

paragraphs: Ruth Dayan was born in Haifa, Israel. She wrote her memoirs.


title: Gloria Henry

paragraphs: Gloria Henry (born Gloria McEniry; April 2, 1923) is an American actress. She is best known for her role as "Alice Mitchell", Dennis’s mother, from 1959 to 1963 on the CBS family sitcom, "Dennis the Menace".


title: Thelma Coyne Long

paragraphs: Thelma Dorothy Coyne Long (14 October 1918 – 13 April 2015) was an Australian tennis player. She was one of the female players who dominated Australian tennis from the mid-1930s to the 1950s. During her career, she won 19 Grand Slam tournament titles. In 2013, she was added into the International Tennis Hall of Fame.

paragraphs: Coyne Long was born in Sydney, New South Wales. For a short time in the early 1940s during World War II, she was married to Maurice Newton Long.

paragraphs: Coyne Long died on 13 April 2015 in the Sydney suburb of Narrabeen, aged 96.


title: Hermann Schweppenhäuser

paragraphs: Hermann Schweppenhäuser (12 March 1928 – 8 April 2015) was a German philosopher and publisher. He was a professor of philosophy at the Johann-Wolfgang-Goethe Uinversity in Frankfurt am Main, Germany and the University of Lüneburg, Germany. He was the autohor of books on Heidegger, Kierkegaard and Hegel and numerous esaays and articles on philosphical and aesthetical topics. Together with Rolf Tiedemann, he was the editor of the collected works of Walter Benjamin. He was born in Frankfurt am Main an died in Veitshöchheim, Germany at the age of 87.


title: Walter Benjamin

paragraphs: Walter Bendix Schönflies Benjamin (; 15 July 1892 – 26 September 1940) was a German philosopher, cultural critic, and translator.

paragraphs: Benjamin was born to a Jewish family in Berlin, then-German Empire.

paragraphs: He worked in many subjects such as German idealism, Romanticism, historical materialism, and Jewish mysticism. He helped aesthetic theory and Western Marxism grow.

paragraphs: Benjamin committed suicide by taking an overdose of morphine in Portbou at the French–Spanish border while attempting to escape from the Nazis at the age of 48.

paragraphs: Jewish-East German judge and politician Hilde Benjamin was his brother's wife.