title: Blake Heron

paragraphs: Blake Heron (January 11, 1982 – September 8, 2017) was an American actor. He starred as Marty Preston in the 1996 movie "Shiloh". He was born in Sherman Oaks, California. He also appeared in "Cheaters", "Boston Public" (2000), "Family Law" (1999) and "The Guardian", he took on the role of Specialist Galen Bungum in "We Were Soldiers" (2002). He also appeared in "Dandelion" (2004).

paragraphs: Heron was found dead at his apartment by his girlfriend in Los Angeles, California on September 8, 2017, aged 35. In the days before his death, he was recovering from his heroin addiction and suffered from the flu.


title: Toshi Ichiyanagi

paragraphs: One of his best known works is the 1960 composition "Kaiki", which combined Japanese instruments, "shō" and koto, and western instruments, harmonica and saxophone.

paragraphs: Another work, "Distance" (1961), required the performers to play from a distance of three meters from their instruments. "Anima 7" (1964) stated that chosen action should be performed "as slowly as possible".

paragraphs: Ichiyanagi was married to Yoko Ono from 1956 to 1963.

paragraphs: Ichiyanagi won the the 33rd Suntory Music Award (2001). He has been honored with Japan's Order of Culture.


title: Michael Moriarty

paragraphs: Michael Moriarty (born April 5, 1941) is an American-Canadian stage and screen actor and a jazz musician. He received an Emmy Award, a Tony Award and Golden Globe Award. He is known for his first acting role on American television as a Nazi SS officer in the 1978 mini-series "Holocaust".

paragraphs: Moriarty played Executive Assistant District Attorney Benjamin Stone for the first four seasons (1990–1994) on the television show "Law & Order." Moriarty is also known for his roles in movies such as "Bang the Drum Slowly", "Who'll Stop the Rain", "Q: The Winged Serpent", "The Stuff", "Pale Rider", "Troll", "Courage Under Fire", and "Shiloh".


title: Mícheál Ó Muircheartaigh

paragraphs: Mícheál Ó Muircheartaigh (; born 20 August 1930) is an Irish Gaelic games commentator for the Irish national radio and television, Raidió Teilifís.

paragraphs: In a career that has lasted 60 years, he has come to be regarded as the "voice of Gaelic games." His prolific career has earned him a place in "Guinness World Records".


title: Trump: The Art of the Deal

paragraphs: Trump: The Art of the Deal is a 1987 book credited to businessman Donald Trump and journalist Tony Schwartz. Part memoir and part business-advice book. It was the first book published by Trump, Trump said that the book helped to make him a "household name".

paragraphs: It reached number 1 on "The New York Times" Best Seller list, stayed there for 13 weeks, and altogether held a position on the list for 48 weeks.

paragraphs: The book received additional attention during Trump's 2016 campaign for the presidency of the United States. He said it as one of his proudest accomplishments and his second-favorite book after the Bible.


title: Megaflora

paragraphs: Megaflora (from Greek μέγας "megas" "huge" and Latin "Flōra" goddess of flowers, from "flōs" "flower") is the collective name of extremely large plant species. Examples of megaflora include the sequoias of California and a number of extinct plant species from the Mesozoic.


title: Luna Shamsuddoha

paragraphs: Luna Shamsuddoha (4 October) is a Bangladeshi Women Entrepreneur. She is the Chairman of the software firm Dohatec New Media, in Dhaka Bangladesh, which she founded in 1992. She will be the first woman to head any state-owned bank in Bangladesh. She is the founder President of Bangladesh Women in Technology (BWIT). She has got ‘Bangladesh Business Award-2017’ for her exceptional contribution to the country’s economy and honored with `Annona Best 10 award' for her remarkable execution in local software industry as a women entrepreneur She serves as board member of SME Foundation, Independent University Bangladesh (IUB), Director of state-owned Janata Bank Limited. She has joined as chairman of the state-owned Janata Bank Limited.

paragraphs: Shamsuddoha was born to Lutfar Rahman and Hasina Rahman on 4 October in Dhaka. She got her Secondary School certificate from Viqarunnisa Noon School and College and Higher Secondary School certificate from Holy Cross College. She has a master's degree in International Relations (IR) from University of Dhaka. [9]

paragraphs: She began business in 1985 as the Managing Partner of The Executive Center. Prior to that, she functioned as English Language Teacher at British Council Language Resource Center and as Lecturer, English Language, Institute of Modern Languages, Dhaka University. Her company is an Independent Software Vendor (ISV) and System Integrator. Dohatec provides software solutions to institutions, government agencies and corporations in USA, Canada, Germany, Switzerland, and Bangladesh. Dohatec’s key clients are The World Bank, World Health Organisation, US Postal Service, Government of Bangladesh and Bangladesh Army.

paragraphs: Shamsuddoha is married to A. K. M. Shamsuddoha, a businessman in Dhaka. The couple has a daughter Reem Shamsuddoha.


title: University of Dhaka

paragraphs: The University of Dhaka (ঢাকা বিশ্ববিদ্যালয়), also known as Dhaka University or simply DU), is the oldest university in modern Bangladesh. It was created in 1921 during the British Raj. It is important to the modern history of Bangladesh. After the Partition of India, the university was important to the progressive and democratic movements in Pakistan. Its students and teachers played a central role in the rise of Bengali nationalism and the independence of Bangladesh.

paragraphs: Today, it is the largest public university in Bangladesh, with a student body of 33,000 and a faculty of 1,800.


title: Heiteren

paragraphs: Heiteren is a commune. It is found in the Haut-Rhin department of eastern France.


title: Chingleput District (Madras Presidency)

paragraphs: Chingleput district was a district in the Madras Presidency of British India. It covered the area of the present-day districts of Kanchipuram and Tiruvallur and parts of Chennai city. It was sub-divided into six taluks with a total area of 7,970 square kilometres (3,079 sq mi). The first capital was the town of Karunguzhi, with an interruption between 1825 and 1835, administrative headquarters were transferred to Kanchipuram. In 1859 the region of Saidapet, now a neighbourhood in the city of Chennai, was made the administrative headquarters of the district.

paragraphs: Excavations made by Robert Bruce Foote indicate that the region was inhabited in the Stone age. During the end of first millennium B. C, it was under the Thondaiman kings. The Pallavas with their capital at Kanchi came to power in about 500 A. D. When the Pallava kingdom began to decline, the region was conquered by the Western Gangas in about 760 A. D. Chingleput was ruled by the Rashtrakutas, Cholas and the Kakatiyas of Warangal until the 13th century AD when it fell to the Delhi Sultanate. Chingleput area was conquered by the Vijayanagar Empire which ruled the region from 1393 till 1565 and from 1565 till 1640 as the kingdom of Chandragiri.

paragraphs: The area was annexed by the Mughals in 1687 and was later conquered by the Nawab of the Carnatic. In 1763, Chingleput was ceded to the British East India Company by Mohammad Ali, the then Nawab of the Carnatic. It was the site of the Carnatic Wars and was frequently taken by Tipu Sultan during the last years of the 18th century.After the independence of India, the district became part in 1950 of the newly named Madras State. As a result of the 1956 States Reorganisation Act, the state's boundaries were re-organised following linguistic lines.

paragraphs: As of 1901, Chingleput had a total population of 1,312,222. 96 percent of the population were Hindus while the rest where Christians and Muslims. About three-fourths of the people spoke Tamil as their mother tongue the remainder spoke Telugu. Due to its proximity to Madras city, there were also large numbers of Europeans in the district.


title: Coimbatore District (Madras Presidency)

paragraphs: Coimbatore district was one of the districts of the erstwhile Madras Presidency of British India. It covered the areas of the present-day districts of Coimbatore, Erode and Tirupur and the Kollegal taluk of present-day Karnataka. It covered a total area of 20,400 square kilometres (7,860 sq mi) and was sub-divided into 10 taluks. The administrative headquarters was Coimbatore city. Most of Coimbatore's inhabitants were Tamil-speaking but there were also large numbers of Malayalam, Telugu and Kannada speaking people.

paragraphs: Coimbatore was a part of the ancient Chera kingdom during the Sangam Age. After the Chera kingdom fell, the region was ruled by the Western Gangas and the Hoysalas. Coimbatore came under Muslim rule in the 13th century AD and was a province of the Vijayanagar Empire. After the fall of the Vijayanagar Empire, Coimbatore was ruled by the Madurai Nayaks till 17th century. A series of wars between the Kingdoms of Kingdom of Mysore of Madurai Nayak dynasty resulted in the region coming under the control of Mysore kings till the defeat of Tipu Sultan in the Third Mysore War in 1792, Coimbatore became a part of British India.

paragraphs: The district was founded in 1805. In 1868 Nilgiri District was segregated. The Avinashi taluk was formed when Karur was separated from the district and merged with Trichinopoly District. In 1927 and 1929 other readjustments were made. In 1956 the Kollegal taluk was transferred to Mysore State.


title: Madura District (Madras Presidency)

paragraphs: Madura District was one of the districts of the Madras Presidency of British India. It covered the present-day districts of Madurai, Dindigul, Theni, Ramanathapuram, Sivagangai and parts of Virudhunagar District in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu.

paragraphs: Madura district was the centre of the Pandya kingdom and its capital city of Madurai was flourishing ever since the Sangam period. In the 10th century AD, the region was conquered by the rising Chola power. The Pandyas governed as subordinate from the 10th to the 13th century AD when they asserted their independence and established their supremacy over the declining Cholas. After a short and progressive rule, the Pandyas were defeated by the Delhi Sultanate whose ruled Alauddin Khilji sacked Madura. The region was ruled by the Madurai Sultanate for some time before it was conquered by the Vijayanagar Empire. The Vijayanagar kings were succeeded by the Madurai Nayak kingdom whose demise in 1736 left behind a huge void. After a short period of anarchy, Madura was conquered by the British East India Company and the district of Madura was carved out.

paragraphs: Madura district was sub-divided into 15 taluks, including 5 zamindari taluks of Ramnad estate and 3 zamindari taluks of Sivaganga estate.


title: Gyposaurus

paragraphs: Gyposaurus (meaning "vulture lizard", referring to the outdated hypothesis that prosauropods were carnivores) is a genus of prosauropod from the early Jurassic of South Africa and China. It is usually considered to represent juveniles of other prosauropods, but "G." "sinensis" is regarded as a possibly valid species.


title: Ibadan

paragraphs: Ibadan is the capital of Oyo State, Nigeria. There are over 3 million people living in Ibadan which makes it the most populous city in Oyo state. It is the third most populous city in Nigeria, after Lagos and Kano. It is the largest city in the country by land size.

paragraphs: Ibadan is located in south-western Nigeria. Ibadan was the centre of administration of the old Western Region since the days of the British colonial rule, and parts of the city's ancient protective walls still stand to this day. The major inhabitants of the city are Yoruba, as well as various communities from other parts of the country.


title: Citipati

paragraphs: Citipati (pronounced in Hindi, meaning 'funeral pyre lord') is a genus of oviraptorid theropod dinosaur from the Late Cretaceous Period of what is now Mongolia.

paragraphs: The type species, "Citipati osmolskae", was described in 2001. A second, as yet unnamed species may also exist. "Citipati" is often confused with the similar "Oviraptor"


title: Zapalasaurus

paragraphs: Zapalasaurus is a genus of dinosaur named after the city of Zapala. The type species, "Zapalasaurus bonapartei", was found in Neuquén Province, Argentina. It was a diplodocoid, a long-necked herbivore, and it lived during the Early Cretaceous.


title: Limaysaurus

paragraphs: Limaysaurus is a herbivorous rebbachisaurid sauropod dinosaur from Argentina.


title: Telmatosaurus

paragraphs: Telmatosaurus (meaning "marsh lizard") is a genus of basal hadrosaurid dinosaur from the Late Cretaceous. It was about five meters (16 ft) long. It was found in what is now Romania.


title: Dakotaraptor

paragraphs: Dakotaraptor is a genus of large carnivorous theropod dromaeosaurid dinosaur. It lived in the Late Cretaceous of North America.

paragraphs: "Dakotaraptor" was about long. That makes it one of the largest dromaeosaurids known.


title: Latenivenatrix

paragraphs: Latenivenatrix (meaning "hiding hunter") is a genus of troodontid. It was previously identified as "Troodon".

paragraphs: "Latenivenatrix" has an estimated skull length of and a size . This makes it the largest troodontid known.


title: Guarinisuchus

paragraphs: Guarinisuchus is an extinct genus of crocodyliform from the Late Cretaceous and Early Paleocene periods, 66-62 million years ago of the María Farinha Formation, Brazil. It was a dominant predator in its environment, and reached a length of 3 m (10 ft). "Guarinisuchus" appears to be closely related to marine crocodylomorphs found in Africa, which supports the hypothesis that the group originated in Africa and migrated to South America before spreading into the waters off the North American coast.


title: Tangvayosaurus

paragraphs: Tangvayosaurus (meaning "Tang Vay lizard") is a genus of sauropod dinosaur from the Aptian-Albian age Lower Cretaceous Grès Supérior Formation of Savannakhet, Laos. It was a basal titanosaur, about 15 m long, and is known from the remains of two or three individuals.

paragraphs: It is based on TV4-1 to TV4-36, consisting of a partial pelvis, several back vertebrae and a tail vertebra, ribs, and an upper arm bone (humerus).


title: P. J. Kennedy

paragraphs: Patrick Joseph "P. J." Kennedy (January 14, 1858 – May 18, 1929) was an American businessman and politician. Kennedy was a major figure in the Democratic Party in Boston. He was the father of Joseph P. Kennedy, Sr. (1888-1969) and the grandfather of President John F. Kennedy (1917-1963).

paragraphs: The son of Irish immigrants, he was the only surviving male in the family after two outbreaks of Cholera. He started work at fourteen as a stevedore in the docks. Kennedy owned three saloons and a whisky import house, and eventually had major interests in coal and banking. He moved successfully into politics, as a sociable man able to mix comfortably with both the Irish and the Protestant elite, and he sat in the Massachusetts House of Representatives and in the Massachusetts Senate. His particular talent was for the behind-the-scenes machinations for which Boston politics became so notorious.

paragraphs: P. J. was the youngest of five children born to Irish Catholic immigrants Patrick Kennedy (1823–1858) and Bridget Murphy (1821–1888), who were both from New Ross, County Wexford, and married in Boston on September 26, 1849. The couple's elder son, John, had died of cholera in infancy two years before P. J. was born. Ten months after P. J.'s birth, his father Patrick also succumbed to the infectious cholera epidemic that infested the family's East Boston neighborhood. As the only surviving male, P. J. was the first Kennedy to receive a formal education. His mother Bridget had purchased an East Boston stationery and notions store where she had worked. The business took off and expanded into a grocery and liquor store.

paragraphs: At the age of fourteen, P. J. left school to work with his mother and three older sisters, Mary, Joanna, and Margaret, as a stevedore on the Boston Docks. In the 1880s, with money he had saved from his modest earnings, he launched a business career by buying a saloon in Haymarket Square downtown. In time, he bought a second establishment by the East Boston docks. Next, to capitalize on the social drinking of upperclass Boston, Kennedy purchased a third bar in an upscale East Boston hotel, the Maverick House. Before he was thirty, his growing prosperity allowed him to buy a whiskey-importing business. By the time he died in 1929, Kennedy held an interest in a coal company and a substantial amount ofstock in a bank, the Columbia Trust Company. His wealth afforded his family of one son and two daughters an attractive home on Jeffries Point in East Boston.

paragraphs: Kennedy was "always ready to help less fortunate fellow Irishmen with a little cash and some sensible advice." He enjoyed the approval and respect of most folks in East Boston, living on the hill of a mixed Boston neighborhood of upscale Irish and Protestant elite. Beginning in 1884, he converted his popularity into five consecutive one-year terms in the Massachusetts House of Representatives, followed by three two-year terms in the Massachusetts Senate. Establishing himself as one of Boston's principal Democratic leaders, he was invited to give one of the seconding speeches for Grover Cleveland at the party's 1888 national convention in St. Louis. However, he found campaigning, speech making, and legislative maneuvering, to be less appealing than the behind-the-scenes machinations that characterized so much of Boston politics in the late-nineteenth and early-twentieth centuries. After leaving the Senate in 1895, Kennedy spent his political career as an appointed elections commissioner, an appointed fire commissioner, as the backroom boss of Boston's Ward Two, and as a member of his party's unofficial Board of Strategy.

paragraphs: On November 23, 1887, he married Mary Augusta Hickey (1857-1923), daughter of James Hickey and Margaret Martha Field. P. J. and Mary had four children:

paragraphs: P. J. Kennedy died on May 18, 1929 from natural causes at age 71.


title: Filippo Reef

paragraphs: Filippo Reef is a coral reef in the Pacific Ocean. It is located at , east of Starbuck Island in the Line Islands. The reef was reported by the master of the Italian barque "Filippo" who saw it on 28 June 1886. From an unidentified report of breakers dated 1926, it was estimated to have a water depth of only , and appeared to be about long northwest to southeast, and less in width.

paragraphs: The only sighting referenced shows a date of 1926. The topographic data supplied by the General Bathymetric Chart of the Oceans (GEBCO), however, shows a sea depth of . It is therefore likely that this 1926 report is an error, and that Filippo Reef is a phantom island. Maps showing the reef rely on the report of 1926, and are likely in error.

paragraphs: Nevertheless, it is marked in the 2005 edition of the "National Geographic Atlas of the World".


title: FC Schaffhausen

paragraphs: FC Schaffhausen is a football club which plays in Switzerland.


title: Wood fuel

paragraphs: Wood fuel is a type of energy that is burnt down to create energy, such as heat or light.


title: Klosters-Serneus

paragraphs: Klosters-Serneus is a ski resort and municipality of the district Davos in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland.

paragraphs: It is a popular ski location and the slopes are easily accessible via a large cable car.


title: Küblis

paragraphs: Küblis is a municipality in the district of Davos in the canton of Graubünden in Switzerland.


title: Drôme (river)

paragraphs: The Drôme () is a river in southeastern France. It is a left tributary of the Rhône river. It gives its name to the French department of Drôme.

paragraphs: The Drôme river has a length of , and a drainage basin with an area of .

paragraphs: Its average yearly discharge (volume of water which passes through a section of the river per unit of time) is at Saillans in the Drôme department.

paragraphs: Average monthly discharge (m/s) at Saillans (108 years)

paragraphs: The Drôme starts in the "Col de Carabès", in the western foothills of the Alps, in the "commune" of La Bâtie-des-Fonds, (Drôme department), at an altitude of about . From here, the Drôme flows first to the northwest and then to the west.

paragraphs: The Drôme river flows within the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region, 2 departments and 37 "communes". It flows through the following "communes", among others:

paragraphs: Finally, it flows into the Rhône river in the "commune" of Loriol-sur-Drôme, on the border with the Ardèche department.

paragraphs: The main tributaries of the Drôme river are:


title: Kashif Khan

paragraphs: Kashif Khan is a Canadian entrepreneur based in Toronto. In 2011, Kashif Khan brought a rare $10 million flawless 7.5 carat fancy blue diamond along with rare coloured diamonds in Canada.

paragraphs: In 2009, Kashif bought the "Ritchies Auctioneers", a Canadian auction house which was founded in 1967 by David Ritchie and Marlene. Later he founded "The K. Khan Group" in 2011. According to CNW Group, "Kashif is known for bringing a rare $10 million flawless 7.5 carat fancy blue diamond along with rare coloured diamonds in Toronto". Kashif set the record selling most valuable diamonds sold at auction in Canada.

paragraphs: 2013, Kashif hold a $20-Million Auction at the Royal Ontario Museum. In 2014, massive 30-carat yellow diamond sold by "Ritchies Auctioneer" for $500,000.


title: Air Transat

paragraphs: Air Transat is a Canadian leisure airline based in Montreal, Quebec. It was founded in December 1986. In 2016 there were about 2,500 employees.


title: Selima Ahmad

paragraphs: Selima Ahmed (born 7 July 1960) is a Bangladeshi politician and businesswoman. She is the Vice Chairperson of Nitol-Niloy Group and the founder and President of Bangladesh Women Chamber of Commerce and Industry (BWCCI). She serves as board member of state-owned Janata Bank Limited and former board member of Sonali Bank Limited. In 2014 she won the Oslo Business for Peace Award for her contribution in Business. She is a Global Ambassador of The International Alliance for Women (TIAW) and also a Course Teacher of MBA class in University of Dhaka.

paragraphs: Ahmed obtained graduation and Masters in Business Management from Dhaka University and did short courses from USA, Japan, Denmark and Canada. She is a fellow of Stanford University. She has been working for the private sector development for over 28 years and has helped promote the development of many women entrepreneurs.

paragraphs: Ahmad, Vice Chairperson of the Nitol-Niloy Group. Nitol Niloy Group is one of the reputed business houses and has 26 companies. Of them, six are joint ventures and three are public companies. It has presence in automobiles, cement, paper, real estate, electronics and financial services. The Group has a strong, diversified profile, which includes a joint venture with TATA Motors of India to trade, assemble, and provide after sales support of vehicles, transport and aviation services, financial institutions, manufacturing of sugar, cement, paper and luggage, real estate development, and sports promotion. She is the Key person of the Bangladesh chapter of Women Democracy Network. She is a member of the Civil Society Advisory Group of UN Women. She also holds positions in different committees of various national and international organizations.

paragraphs: Ahmad is married to Abdul Matlub Ahmad, a Business Leader and former President of Federation of Bangladesh Chambers of Commerce & Industries (FBCCI). The have two son, Abdul Musabbir Ahmed (Nitol) and Abdul Marib Ahmed (Niloy).


title: Haleh Afshar, Baroness Afshar

paragraphs: Haleh Afshar, Baroness Afshar OBE FAcSS (; born 21 May 1944) is a British professor and a life peer in the House of Lords. She is a prominent Muslim feminist, and characterises herself as a Socialist and a Shi'a Muslim. Her background is in equal opportunities in Britain, and before that, land reform and development in Iran, where she grew up, and journalism in both countries.


title: Ramnad estate

paragraphs: The estate of Ramnad was a permanently settled zamindari estate that existed in the Ramnad subdivision of the Madura district and later Ramnad district of the erstwhile Madras Presidency in British India from 1801 to 1949.

paragraphs: The seat of administration was the town of Ramanathapuram. The Zamindari had its origins in the Kingdom of Ramnad established by Raghunatha Kilavan in the late 17th century. In 1803, the Kingdom was converted to a Zamindari by the British. The male rulers of Ramnathapuram also bore the title of Sethupathi or "protector of the bridge", the bridge here referring to the legendary Rama's Bridge while female rulers bore the title "Nachiyar".

paragraphs: The estate covered an area of 2,104 square miles (5,450 km2) and had a population of 723,886 in 1901. It was one of the largest and most populous zamindari estates in the Madras Presidency. The zamindar of Ramnad paid a tribute of Rs. 3.75 lakhs for the year 1903-04 to the British government.


title: Alina Janowska

paragraphs: Alina Janowska (16 April 1923 – 13 November 2017) was a Polish actress. She was known for her roles in "Zakazane piosenki" and in "Samson" (by Andrzej Wajda). From 1970 to 1974, she starred in the comedy series "Czterdziestolatek".

paragraphs: Janowska was born in 1923 in Warsaw, Poland. She came from a wealthy family. She was arrested on the night of 23 April 1942 for helping a Jewish family. She was imprisoned for 7 months in Pawiak in Warsaw. She was a member of the Warsaw Uprising.

paragraphs: In 1963, she married fencer Wojciech Zabłocki.

paragraphs: Janowska died on 13 November 2017 in Warsaw from Alzheimer's disease, aged 94.


title: Justice Party (India)

paragraphs: The Justice Party, officially the South Indian Liberal Federation, was a political party in the Madras Presidency of British India. It was established in 1917 by T. M. Nair and P. Theagaraya Chetty as a result of a series of non-Brahmin conferences and meetings in the presidency. Communal division between Brahmins and non-Brahmins began in the presidency during the late-19th and early-20th century, mainly due to caste prejudices and disproportionate Brahminical representation in government jobs.

paragraphs: In 1920, it won the first direct elections in the presidency and formed the government. For the next seventeen years, it formed four out of the five ministries and was in power for thirteen years. It was the main political alternative to the nationalist Indian National Congress in Madras. After it lost to the Congress in the 1937 election, it never recovered. It came under the leadership of Periyar E. V. Ramaswamy and his Self-Respect Movement. In 1944, Periyar transformed the Justice Party into the social organisation Dravidar Kazhagam and withdrew it from electoral politics. A rebel faction that called itself the original Justice Party, survived to contest one final election, in 1952.

paragraphs: The Justice Party was isolated in contemporary Indian politics by its many controversial activities. It opposed Brahmins in civil service and politics, and this anti-Brahmin attitude shaped many of its ideas and policies. It opposed Annie Besant and her Home rule movement, because it believed home rule would benefit the Brahmins. The party also campaigned against the non-cooperation movement in the presidency. It was at odds with M. K. Gandhi, primarily due to his praise for Brahminism. Its mistrust of the Brahmin–dominated Congress led it to adopt a hostile stance toward the Indian independence movement. Although it professed to represent all non-Brahmins, the Justice Party eventually lost the support of Muslims and Untouchables, who accused it of serving the interests of only a few castes like Vellalars (Mudaliars, Pillais), Balija Naidus, Beri Chettis, Kapus and Kammas.

paragraphs: The Justice Party's power period is remembered for the introduction of caste-based reservations, and educational and religious reform. In opposition it is remembered for participating in the anti-Hindi agitations of 1937–40. The party was responsible for creating Andhra and Annamalai universities and for developing the area around present-day Theagaroya Nagar in Madras city.


title: B. V. Radha

paragraphs: Bengaluru Vijaya Radha (August 1948 – 10 September 2017) was an Indian actress and movie producer. Starting her career in the 1964 movie "Navakoti Narayana". She went on to play mostly supporting roles in over 300 movie, 250 of which were in Kannada, and the rest in Tamil, Telugu, Malayalam, Tulu and Hindi. She was born in Bangalore, Mysore State, India.

paragraphs: Radha died of a heart attack on 10 September 2017 in Bangalore at the age of 69.


title: Nancy Dupree

paragraphs: Nancy Hatch Dupree (3 October 1927 – 9 September 2017) was an American historian whose work primarily focused on the history of modern Afghanistan. She was born in India to American parents.

paragraphs: Dupree went to Barnard College and Columbia University to study Chinese.

paragraphs: Dupree was the director of the Afghanistan Center at Kabul University in Afghanistan and author of five books that she compiled while studying the history of Afghanistan from 1962 until the late 1970s.


title: Michael Friedman (composer)

paragraphs: Michael Friedman (September 24, 1975 – September 9, 2017) was an American composer and lyricist. He was a founding associate artist of The Civilians. He received a 2007 Obie award for excellence. His musical "Bloody Bloody Andrew Jackson" opened on Broadway in October 2010. He was born in Boston, Massachusetts, but was raised in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

paragraphs: Friedman died on September 9, 2017 in Manhattan, New York from complications of AIDS at the age of 41.


title: Frank Aarebrot

paragraphs: Frank Henrik Aarebrot (19 January 1947 – 9 September 2017) was a Norwegian political scientist. He was born in Bergen, Norway. He was professor of comparative politics at the University of Bergen and adjunct professor of democracy development at the Örebro University. He regularly lectured at Institut des Sciences Politiques and at the Humboldt University. Aarebrot has written 69 books on the democratisation of Europe, following the fall of the Berlin Wall. In Norway, Aarebrot was known as a political commentator.

paragraphs: Aarebrot died in Bergen from heart surgery-related problems for a heart attack he suffered on 9 September 2017 at the age of 70.


title: Solomon Efimovich Shulman

paragraphs: Solomon Efimovich Shulman (January 20, 1936 – September 6, 2017), also known as Sol Shulman and Semion Shulman, was a Belarusian author, screenwriter, movie director and adventurer. He was the writer of more than forty documentary movies, five feature movie scripts, plus a host of literary and publicist works, published in many countries worldwide. His best known book was "Power and Destiny". His movies include "In Broad Daylight", "On the Slopes of Elbruce" and "In Ancient Khiv".

paragraphs: Shulman died on September 6, 2017 in Melbourne, Australia of heart failure, aged 81.


title: Nick Theodore

paragraphs: Nick Andrew Theodore (born September 16, 1928) is an American politician. He was a State representative from 1963-66 and 1970-78, a South Carolina state senator from 1967-68 and from 1981-86, and the 85th Lieutenant Governor of South Carolina from 1987 to 1995.

paragraphs: Theodore is a member of the Democratic Party.


title: W. Brantley Harvey Jr.

paragraphs: William Brantley Harvey Jr. (August 14, 1930 – December 12, 2018) was an American lawyer and politician. He was elected to the South Carolina House of Representatives as a Democrat in 1958, and served until 1975, when he was installed as Lieutenant Governor of South Carolina. He served in that position until 1983.

paragraphs: Harvey later served on the South Carolina Commission of Parks, Recreation and Tourism, as well as the South Carolina Department of Transportation.

paragraphs: Harvey died on December 12, 2018 in Beaufort, South Carolina at the age of 88.


title: Hugh Leatherman

paragraphs: Hugh K. Leatherman Sr. (born April 14, 1931) is a Republican member of the South Carolina Senate, serving since 1981. The 31st District, which he currently represents, is in Florence, South Carolina. As Chairman of the Senate Finance Committee, Leatherman also sits on the state's Budget and Control Board.

paragraphs: He has served as President Pro Tempore of the South Carolina Senate for all but one day from 2014 through 2019.


title: HIV Drug Resistance Database

paragraphs: HIV Drug Resistance Database, also named "Stanford HIV RT and Protease Sequence Database" is a database at Stanford University that shows 93 versions of HIV. The latest list uses data from other laboratories in Europe, Canada and the United States including more than 15,000 pieces of data.


title: History of the sword

paragraphs: The different types of swords have been of great importance throughout history. In addition to its use as a weapon, the sword has been the object of special considerations forming part of funerary rituals, mythology and other ancient traditions.

paragraphs: The present chronology includes diverse and relatively uneven documents. The need to group them into a single list responds to the desire of simplicity.

paragraphs: The first bronze swords with a length equal to or greater than 60 cm date from the 17th century BC in regions of the Black Sea and the Aegean Sea. They emerged as an evolution of shorter weapons of the type of the daggers. To make a sword useful in combat, one must have a correct alloy, give it the right shape and apply the necessary thermal (and finishing) treatments. The longer is a sword, the stresses (bending and buckling) are more important. What is needed is a weapon that is hard enough (to cut), fairly flexible (without being fragile) and tenacious enough to withstand the blows in the fights.

paragraphs: The manufacturing process is summarized as follows: The bronze swords were cast into moulds, heated to a certain temperature and allowed to cool slowly. Finally they cold hammered (hitting them with a hammer on a type anvil) to increase its hardness.


title: Md. Shafiul Islam (Mohiuddin)

paragraphs: Md. Shafiul Islam (Mohiuddin) is a Bangladeshi Business leader. He is the President of Federation of Bangladesh Chambers of Commerce and Industries (FBCCI). He led the Ready-Made Garment (RMG) sector of the country over thirty years and became the President of Bangladesh Garment Manufacturers and Exporters Association (BGMEA), the largest export earning sector of the country.

paragraphs: Md. Shafiul Islam (Mohiuddin) obtained B.Com (Hon’s) and M.Com degree in Accountancy from University of Dhaka.

paragraphs: Mohiuddin involve with RMG sector of the country over thirty years. He entered garment industry in 1992 by establishing Onus Apparel Ltd. Since he started his export oriented garments industry named Onus Group, the largest export earning sector of the country. He has also successfully diversified his business in other business sectors like Garment Accessories, Real Estate, Shipping, Fishing, Trawler, Dredging, Solar Energy, Auto Bricks, Handicrafts, etc. He has currently employed over six thousand people in his business group. He is the Director of Trustee Board, BGMEA University of Fashion and Technology (BUFT). He is also the Vice President of Society for Anti addiction Movement (SAAM), Centre of Excellence for Bangladesh Apparel Industry (CEBAI) and Rugby Federation, Director of Mohammedan Sporting Club Limited, Director of BGMEA Apparel Club.

paragraphs: Mohiuddin is married to Leesa Khalid Islam. The have three daughters and one son.


title: Kunwar Singh

paragraphs: Kunwar Singh (13 November 1777 – 26 April 1858) belonged to a royal Ujjainiya Rajput house of Jagdispur, which is currently a part of Bhojpur district, Bihar, India. During the Indian Rebellion of 1857 he led soldiers against the troops of the British East India Company. He was the chief organizer of the fight against the British in Bihar.

paragraphs: The Republic of India issued a commemorative stamp on 23 April 1966. The [Kunwar Singh University]] in Arrah is named after him.


title: Gadi Eizenkot

paragraphs: Gadi Eizenkot, Hebrew: גדי איזנקוט, (born May 19, 1960 in Tiberias) has been the Chief of General Staff ("Ramatkal") of the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) since February 16, 2015.

paragraphs: Eizenkot has the rank of lieutenant general ("rav aluf").

paragraphs: He has been an Israeli soldier since 1978. He commanded the following units: the Northern Command, the Golani Brigade, the Judea and Samaria Division, and the Operations Directive. In between he was military secretary to prime minister Ehud Barak from 1999 to 2001.

paragraphs: He fought in several wars, like the 1982 Lebanon War, the 2006 Lebanon War and the Gaza War.

paragraphs: Eizenkot is a Maghrebic Jew (he is of Jewish-Moroccan descent). During his youth he lived in Eilat. He studied history at Tel Aviv University and political science at Haifa University. He also studied at the United States Army War College.

paragraphs: He is married with five children, and lives in Herzliya.


title: Chabana

paragraphs: Chabana (茶花, literally "tea flowers"), is a general word used in the Japanese language, for the arrangement of flowers at a Japanese tea ceremony. The flowers are not arranged in any special way, the method for arranging these flowers is known as "thrown in".

paragraphs: This style of flower arranging is recognised as a particular type of Ikebana (生け花, "arranging flowers"), also known as Kādo (華道, the "way of flowers"), which has its beginnings in Buddhist flower offerings.

paragraphs: Chabana in particular, refers to a flower display for the room where the tea ceremony is to be held, the Chashitsu (茶室, literally "tea rooms").


title: Tatya Tope

paragraphs: Tatya Tope also spelled Tantia Tope (1814 - 1859), was an Indian freedom fighter. He was a General in the Indian Rebellion of 1857. His full name is Ramachandra Pandurang Tope.

paragraphs: Tope was a close associate of Nana Saheb. Tope and Sahib led the Indian forces in the Siege of Cawnpore. The British East India Company surrendered and were told they could have safe passage. But they were attacked by Indian forces and all but 210 women and children were killed.

paragraphs: He fought valiantly against the British in 1857. He was very loyal to Nana Sahib.


title: Single non-transferable vote

paragraphs: The single non-transferable vote (often Abbreviated to S.N.T.V.) is an electoral system for multiple member electoral districts. It is an electoral system which can produce an proportional result but it will depend on the district's magnitude (the number of representatives in the electoral district) if there is more members in each electoral district the more proportional the result will be. In many cases the single non-transferable vote has been replaced by other voting systems.

paragraphs: In certain cases S.N.T.V. is thought to be similar to Plurality-at-large voting, commonly refereed as Bloc Voting, but is different because in S.N.T.V electors are only allowed to vote for one candidate but in Plurality-at-large voting the voter have as many votes as there are seats to win.

paragraphs: This example has three winners in the electoral district

paragraphs: Today there are very few places which use the Single Non Transferable Vote:


title: Green fluorescent protein

paragraphs: GFP ia a Green Florescent Protein, that can be found in a moon jellyfish. This is a substance that helps scientists with looking at cell molecules. There is also another substance the is called RFP that serves the same purpose but is red, and is found in coral. For GFP scientists have learned that if you take away one molecule it can change the whole color of the substance, along with if you add a molecule to the original substance it will also change the color. Scientists have made the color Cyan (ECFP), and Pink (mRaspberry). The GFP is a florescent substance that is kind of like a highlighter.


title: Helen Foster Snow

paragraphs: Helen Foster Snow (September 21, 1907 – January 11, 1997) was an American journalist. She lived in China in the 1930s.

paragraphs: Helen Foster was born in Cedar City, Utah. She grew up in the The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church). Her parents were John Moody Foster and Hannah Davis. They met while working as teachers at Ricks Academy, a school connected with the LDS Church. Hannah went to school at Ricks Academy. John went to Stanford University. Both of Helen's parents were the children of Mormon pioneers. The pioneers came to Utah in the mid-1800s.

paragraphs: When Helen was young, the Foster family moved a lot. After Helen was born, the Fosters moved to Chicago so John could go to law school. Many years later, the family moved back to Idaho. Moving a lot made Helen more outgoing. She cared about what her new classmates thought of her. Because she was the oldest child and only daughter of the family, she had to help a lot as the family grew. She often worked with her mother to care for her three younger brothers and do chores. This was needed even more when the Fosters did not have a lot of money.

paragraphs: Helen moved to Salt Lake City when she started high school. She lived with her grandmother and aunt. She went to West High School and did many school activities. She worked on the school's yearbook. She was the student vice president of her senior class. Helen planned to go to college at Stanford, like her father. But the cost of school was too much for her parents. Helen said her parents thought that girls could only get married. They thought it was a waste of money for her to go to school. But Helen's father did pay for her to go to the University of Utah. She went to school there for many years, but she did not graduate.

paragraphs: Instead of going to school, Helen worked. She got a job as a secretary for the Utah chapter (a part of a large group in one area) of the American Silver Mining Commission. While working there, she learned that she wanted to work in other countries. She also dreamed of writing her own "great American novel". Helen took the civil service exam and passed. First, she wanted to work in Europe. But there were no places open for her to work in civil service in Europe. Her boss had a connection in China. This helped Helen get a job with the president of an American company in Shanghai. In August 1931, Helen moved to Asia with hopes of becoming a writer.


title: Aldus Manutius

paragraphs: Aldus Pius Manutius (ca. 1452 – February 6, 1515) was a person who printed books in Venice, Italy during the Italian Renaissance. He started a company to print books called the Aldine Press in 1494. He was one of the first people to use modern printing ideas. He also printed small books that were easy to carry.

paragraphs: Manutius was born in Bassiano, in the Papal States, in what is now the province of Latina, about 100 km south of Rome. He was born during the Italian Renaissance period. His family was well off, and in the early 1470s Manutius was sent to Rome to be taught as a scholar of human society and culture. He studied Latin under Gaspare da Verona and was also taught by Domizio Calderini. In 1475–1478 he studied Greek in Ferrara, under Guarino da Verona.

paragraphs: Manutius became a citizen of the town Carpi in March 1480. In 1482 he went to live in Mirandola with his old friend and fellow student, Giovanni Pico, while staying away from the Venetian army. He lived there for two years, learning about Greek literature. Before Pico moved to Florence, he made Manutius the teacher to his sister's sons, Alberto and Leonello Pio, who were young royal sons of the town of Carpi. In Carpi, Manutius grew close with his student, Alberto Pio. At the end of the 1480s Manutius created two works addressed to his two students and their mother, Caterina Pico. Both works were printed by Baptista de Tortis in Venice — "Musarum panagyris" with its "Epistola Catherinae Piae", March/May 1487 – March 1491 and the "Paraenesis", 1490. This would serve as Manutius's start in publishing.

paragraphs: In 1494 Manutius made the Aldine Press in Venice. The Aldine Press printed its first material in February 1495. Pier Francesco Barbarigo owned half of the Aldine Press. Andrea Torresani owned the other half. Manutius shared part of what Torresani owned with him. Aldus Manutius wanted to save ancient Greek literature. He wanted to make it so that everybody could read what the Greeks had written a very long time ago. He did this by printing copies of things they had written. He wanted to make the letters he used in printing to look like the handwriting of Latin and Greek humanists. People in Venice usually wrote in curly connected letters. Printing presses only used square looking letters back then. By making letters that were all connected and curly, Manutius could make the things he printed more personal. Manutius paid Francesco Griffo of Bologna to make the new letters used in the printing press. The letters that Griffo made were used to print Cardinal Pietro Bembo's "De Aetna" in 1495. These letters were also the first model of italic type. The letters were used until 1501.


title: Samuel Brannan

paragraphs: Samuel Brannan (March 2, 1819 – May 5, 1889) was an American businessman. He was a member of the The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. He started the first newspaper in San Francisco, which was called "The California Star". He was the first person to tell everyone about the gold in California during the California Gold Rush. He was also the first person millionaire of the Gold Rush

paragraphs: Brannan moved to Yerba Buena, a place in northern California. He talked with the people who lived there and decided that the land by the Sacramento River would be a safe place for the Mormons to live. A lot of people didn't agree with him, so the new city didn't work. Brannan was the first person to do a lot of things there, like building a flour mill (a place that makes bread) and teaching in English.

paragraphs: Brannan started the first newspaper in San Francisco, which was called "The" "California Star", on January 9, 1847. Brannan sold the newspaper to a friend, and then it was called "The Daily Alta California".

paragraphs: In June 1847, Brannan went to Green River, Wyoming, to meet with Brigham Young, who was the head of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Young was leading a group of Mormons to the Great Basin area. Brannan wanted Young to bring the Mormons to California, but Young wanted to stay in Utah. Brannan wasn't happy about that, and went back to California. Brannan was the only church leader in California, so the Mormons paid him their tithes (a small part of their money). But there is no record of Brannan sending the money to his church leaders in Utah, so it's possible that he kept it for himself. Many members stopped paying him and moved to the Salt Lake valley, where most of the other Mormons were.


title: René Laurentin

paragraphs: Father René Laurentin (October 19, 1917 – September 10, 2017) was a French theologian. He was born in Tours, France.

paragraphs: Laurentin was known as an expert in the field of Mariology and is the author of numerous books and scholarly articles on topics including Marian apparitions such as Lourdes and Medjugorje; visionaries and mystics including Bernadette Soubirous, Thérèse de Lisieux, Catherine Labouré, and Yvonne Aimée de Malestroit; as well as biblical exegesis, theology, and Vatican II.


title: Don Ohlmeyer

paragraphs: Donald Winfred "Don" Ohlmeyer Jr. (February 3, 1945 – September 10, 2017) was an American television producer and president of the NBC network's west coast division. He was born in New Orleans, Louisiana. He was a professor of television communications at Pepperdine University in Malibu, California. He served as ombudsman for ESPN.com for 18 months; that term ended in January 2011.

paragraphs: Ohlmeyer died in Indian Wells, California on September 10, 2017 of cancer at the age of 72.


title: Len Wein

paragraphs: Len Wein (; June 12, 1948 – September 10, 2017) was an American comic book writer and editor. He was born in New York City, New York.

paragraphs: Wein was best known for co-creating DC Comics' Swamp Thing and Marvel Comics' Wolverine, and for helping revive the Marvel superhero team the X-Men (including the co-creation of Nightcrawler, Storm, and Colossus).

paragraphs: Additionally, he was the editor for writer Alan Moore and illustrator Dave Gibbons' influential DC miniseries "Watchmen".

paragraphs: Wein was added into the Will Eisner Comic Book Hall of Fame in 2008.

paragraphs: Wein died of a heart attack on September 10, 2017 in Los Angeles, California at the age of 69.


title: Thomas Morrow Reavley

paragraphs: Thomas Morrow Reavley (born June 21, 1921) is an American judge. He serves as Senior United States Circuit Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit since July 13, 1979. He was nominated by President Jimmy Carter.

paragraphs: Reavley was born in Quitman, Texas. He studied at University of Texas, Austin, at Harvard University and at the University of Virginia. He was in the United States Navy from 1942 to 1946. Reavley is married to fellow Fifth Circuit judge Carolyn Dineen King.


title: Frosinone

paragraphs: Frosinone is a city and a "comune" in the Lazio region of Central Italy, the capital of the province of Frosinone. The city is about southeast of Rome.

paragraphs: The "comune" of Frosinone has an area of and its altitude is above sea level.

paragraphs: The "comune" borders with the "comuni" Alatri, Arnara, Ceccano, Ferentino, Patrica, Supino, Torrice, Veroli.

paragraphs: The following "frazioni" (hamlets) are part of the "comune" of Frosinoneː Capo Barile Nicolia, Cerreto, Cinque Vie, Colle Cannuccio, Farnito, Fontana Grande, Impratessa, La Cervona, Lago Maniano, Le Noci, Le Pignatelle, Le Rase, Pratillo, San Liberatore, Selva Dei Muli, Valle Contessa, Vetiche I.

paragraphs: , there are 46,120 persons (22,004 males and 24,116 females) living in the "comune", for a population density of inhabitants/km².


title: Robert J. Cenker

paragraphs: Robert Joseph "Bob" Cenker (born November 5, 1948) is an American engineer, and former astronaut. In January 1986, Cenker was a crew member on the seventh flight of Space Shuttle "Columbia". Cenker was a type of astronaut called a Payload Specialist.

paragraphs: This mission was the final flight before the Challenger explosion, which ended the Space Shuttle program until 1988. As a result, Cenker's mission was called "The End of Innocence" for the Shuttle.

paragraphs: Following the end of his space mission, Cenker returned to work as an engineer, and also makes appearances for NASA.

paragraphs: Cenker was born on November 5, 1948, and raised near Uniontown, Pennsylvania. He started his education at St. Fidelis College Seminary in Herman, Pennsylvania, leaving in 1962. He later attended Uniontown Joint Senior High School and graduated in 1966.

paragraphs: Cenker enrolled at Penn State University in 1970 where he earned a Bachelor of Science degree in aerospace engineering. He continued his studies at Penn State and earned a Master of Science degree in 1973, also in aerospace engineering. Cenker earned a second Master of Science degree in Electrical Engineering from Rutgers University in 1977.

paragraphs: Cenker worked for 18 years at RCA Astro-Electronics and its successor company GE Astro Space. Cenker worked on hardware design and systems design concerning satellite attitude control. He also worked on in-orbit operations, as well as spacecraft assembly, test, and pre-launch operations. He spent two years on the Navy navigation satellite program, but spent most of his career working on commercial communications satellites.

paragraphs: Cenker's positions included integration and test manager for the Satcom D and E spacecraft, where he was responsible for all launch site activities. He also served as spacecraft bus manager on the Spacenet/GStar programs. He was responsible for ensuring the spacecraft bus could interface with multiple rockets, including the Delta, Space Shuttle, and Ariane launch vehicles.

paragraphs: As an incentive for a spacecraft owner to contract with NASA to use a Shuttle launch instead of an unmanned, commercial launch system, NASA permitted contracting companies to apply for a Payload Specialist seat on the same mission. When RCA contracted with NASA to launch Satcom Ku-1, RCA Astro-Electronics' manager of systems engineering for the Satcom-K program Bob Cenker, and his co-worker Gerard Magilton, were selected to train as Payload Specialists.

paragraphs: Cenker and Magilton trained with career astronauts as well as other Payload and Mission Specialists, including those scheduled for the next scheduled flight, that of the "Challenger" mission, STS-51-L.

paragraphs: This flight of "Columbia" was originally scheduled to occur in August 1985, but the timeline slipped. In July 1985 the payload was finalized to include the RCA satellite, and Cenker was assigned to the mission, now designated as STS-61-C. Magilton was assigned as the back-up.Prior to its successful launch, "Columbia" had several aborted launch attempts, including one on January 6 which was "one of the most hazardous in the shuttle’s operational history" to that point, as well as a near-catastrophic abort three days later. Referring to the January 9 abort, pilot Charlie Bolden later stated that it “...would have been catastrophic, because the engine would have exploded had we launched.”

paragraphs: "Columbia" ultimately launched and achieved orbit on January 12, 1986, with a full crew of seven. Along with Cenker, the crew included Robert L. "Hoot" Gibson, future NASA Administrator Charles F. Bolden, George D. Nelson, Steven A. Hawley, Franklin R. Chang-Diaz, and US Representative Bill Nelson.

paragraphs: During the six-day mission, January 12–18, Cenker performed a variety of physiological tests, operated a primary experiment – an infrared imaging camera – and assisted with the deployment of RCA Americom's Satcom Ku-1 satellite, the primary mission objective. Satcom K-1 was deployed nearly 10 hours into the mission, and Satcom later reached its geostationary “slot” at 85 degrees West longitude where it remained operational until April 1997, the last major commercial satellite deployed by the space shuttle program.

paragraphs: In a 2014 video of the "Tell Me a Story" series titled "Close My Eyes & Drift Away", posted to the Kennedy Space Center Visitor Complex YouTube channel, Cenker tells a humorous story regarding a zero-g sleeping problem that he faced on his mission.

paragraphs: The next Shuttle launch, ten days after the return of "Columbia," resulted in the destruction of "Challenger" with the loss of all aboard, including Cenker's counterpart from Hughes Aircraft, civilian crew member and Payload Specialist Greg Jarvis. Accordingly, commander Gibson later called the STS-61-C mission "The End of Innocence" for the Shuttle Program.

paragraphs: Following the Challenger disaster, the shuttle fleet was grounded until 1988. Even after Shuttle missions resumed, civilian Payload Specialists like Cenker were excluded until the Payload Specialist program was reinstated on December 2, 1990 when Samuel T. Durrance, an Applied Physics Laboratory astrophysicist and Ronald A. Parise, a Computer Sciences Corporation astronomer, flew aboard STS-35. By that time, RCA had been purchased by General Electric, and RCA Astro-Electronics became part of GE. Following two additional ownership transitions, the facility was closed in 1998. As a result, Cenker was the only RCA Astro-Electronics employee, and only employee in the history of the facility under all of its subsequent names, to ever fly in space.

paragraphs: NASA's Payload Specialist program has been criticized for giving limited Shuttle flight positions to civilian aerospace engineers such as Cenker and Greg Jarvis (killed aboard "Challenger"), politicians such as Bill Nelson, and others civilians such as Teacher in Space Christa McAuliffe (also killed aboard "Challenger"). Even the flight of former Mercury astronaut and US Senator John Glenn was questioned. The concern was that these people had replaced career astronauts in very limited flight opportunities, and some may have flown without fully understanding the level of danger involved in a Shuttle mission.

paragraphs: Following the completion of his shuttle mission, Cenker returned to work in the civilian aerospace field. Cenker's last two years with RCA Astro-Electronics and it's successor GE Astro Space were spent as Manager of Payload Accommodations on an EOS spacecraft program. After leaving GE, Cenker served as a consultant for various aerospace companies regarding micro-gravity research, and spacecraft design, assembly and flight operations. Cenker supported systems engineering and systems architecture studies for various spacecraft projects, including smallsats, military communications satellites, and large, assembled-in-orbit platforms. His contributions included launch vehicle evaluation and systems engineering support for Motorola on Iridium, and launch readiness for the Globalstar constellation. Other efforts include systems engineering and operations support for INTELSAT on Intelsat K and Intelsat VIII, for AT&T on Telstar 401 and 402, for Fairchild-Matra on SPAS III, for Martin Marietta on Astra 1B, BS-3N, ACTS, and for the Lockheed Martin Series 7000 communications satellites.

paragraphs: Cenker continues to make periodic public appearances representing NASA and the shuttle astronaut program, including one at the Kennedy Space Center in March 2017.

paragraphs: In 2017, Cenker's STS-61C crewmate former US Senator Bill Nelson spoke at a session of the US House of Representatives. In an address, titled "Mission to Mars and Space Shuttle Flight 30th Anniversary", he read into the Congressional Record the details of the mission of STS-61C, as well as the names and function of each crew member including Cenker.

paragraphs: Bob Cenker is married to Barbara Ann Cenker; they have two sons and a daughter.


title: Richard Petty Motorsports

paragraphs: Richard Petty Motorsports is a NASCAR team that is owned by Richard Petty. They currently field the #43 Chevrolet Camaro for driver Darrell Wallace Jr. in the Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series.


title: Joe Gibbs Racing

paragraphs: Joe Gibbs Racing is a professional NASCAR team owned by former Washington Redskins coach Joe Gibbs. Their current drivers are Denny Hamlin, Kyle Busch, Daniel Suarez, and Matt Kenseth.


title: AFL Grand Final

paragraphs: The AFL Grand Final is a football match (Australian Rules Football) held between the teams who won in the Preliminary Final the week before. This match normally takes place at the MCG on the last Saturday of September. The winner of this match is crowned as the best team of the season and gets the Premiership Cup.


title: Girl Guides

paragraphs: Today, about 10 million girls around the world are in an organization called Girl Guides. It started over 100 years ago. Around 1907 in England, Robert Baden-Powell started an organization called Boy Scouts. He taught boys how to camp and live outdoors. In 1909, Baden-Powell held a big event for Boy Scouts. Many girls said they wanted to join, too. Baden-Powell wanted to have boys and girls in different groups, so he started Girl Guides that year. In 1910, his younger sister Agnes became the leader. The girls learned how to camp, and they also learned how to take care of children. By 1912, there were Girl Guides in many other countries such as Australia, Denmark, and the United States. All Girl Guides learn a lot about life and things that are not taught at school. They have special rules about the way to live. They have to try and do something nice for someone else every day. When something bad happens, they must be strong. They must be ready for anything, so their slogan is "Be Prepared." In 1926, leaders of the Girl Guides from around the world met in a town in New York. At the meeting, they decided to make a special day for Girl Guides in all countries. They chose February 22 because it was the birthday of Robert Baden-Powell. It is called World Thinking Day. Now, on this day every year, Girl Guides around the world celebrate with special events and study about other countries and cultures.


title: Tanjore District (Madras Presidency)

paragraphs: Tanjore District was one of the districts in the erstwhile Madras Presidency of British India. It covered the area of the present-day districts of Thanjavur, Tiruvarur and Nagapattinam and the Aranthangi taluk of Pudukkottai District in Tamil Nadu.Thanjavur was a centre of Chola cultural heritage and one of the richest and most prosperous districts in Madras Presidency.

paragraphs: Tanjore district was constituted in 1799 when the Thanjavur Maratha ruler Serfoji II ceded most of his kingdom to the British East India Company in return for his restitution on the throne. Tanjore district, which is situated on the Cauvery Delta, is one of the richest rice-growing regions in South India. It was scarcely affected by famines such as the Great Famine of 1876–78.

paragraphs: Tanjore District covered a total area of 9,600 square kilometres (3,710 sq mi). It had a population of 2,245,029 in 1901. The population density was 234 inhabitants per square kilometre (605/sq mi). As per the 1901 census statistics, Tanjore was the fifth most populous district in the Madras Presidency and the second most densely populated after Madras city.

paragraphs: According to the 1901 census, 91 percent of the population was Hindu, 5 percent Muslim and 4 percent Christian. Among Hindus, Paraiyars (310,391), Vanniyars (235,406), Vellalars (212,168), Kallars (188,463), Pallars (159,855), Valaiyars (137,216), and Brahmins (118,882) were the most numerous. Kallars were mainly found in the western part of Tanjore and Pattukkottai taluks. Tanjore had the third highest Brahmin population in the Madras Presidency (more than 6%) after South Canara and Ganjam and the highest among the Tamil-speaking districts. Most of the Muslims were Marakkayars or Labbais and concentrated in Kumbakonam taluk where they formed the majority in the towns of Ayyampettai, Rajagiri and Pandaravadai apart from Koothanallur in Mannargudi taluk. They were also found in large numbers in the Negapatam and Pattukkottai taluks. More than a third of the total Christian population of the district lived in Tanjore taluk. There were a total of about 600 Jains chiefly concentrated in the Tanjore and Mannargudi taluks.The chief Muslim places of worship were located in Tanjore and Muttupet apart from the Nagore dargah.

paragraphs: Tamil was spoken as mother tongue by an overwhelming majority of the population while Telugu was spoken by about 3%. Other languages spoken include Marathi (13,651) and Saurashtrian or Patnuli.


title: Maghrebi Jews

paragraphs: Maghrebi Jews "/ Maghrebic Jews / Maghrebim" are Jews who live(d) in the Maghreb countries. Many Maghrebi Jews have a Sephardic background.


title: Mannargudi Taluk

paragraphs: Mannargudi taluk is a taluk in Thiruvarur district of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu.The headquarters of the taluk is the town of Mannargudi.

paragraphs: According to the 2011 census, the taluk of Mannargudi had a population of 308,059 with 152,132 males and 155,927 females. There were 1025 women for every 1000 men. The taluk had a literacy rate of 75.15. Child population in the age group below 6 was 13,403 Males and 12,729 Females.


title: Viduthalai Chiruthaigal Katchi

paragraphs: Viduthalai Chiruthaigal Katchi is a in Tamil Nadu, India.Its chairman is Thol. Thirumavalavan, a lawyer from Chennai.The party's main principle is the abolition of the Hindu caste system and the institution of equality among Tamil people. The political party believes that true social equality lies in the unification of scheduled castes and scheduled tribes, Other Backward Classes, and minorities such as the Christians and Muslims of Tamil Nadu.The Party is against capitalism, caste domination, and Brahminism.

paragraphs: Viduthalai Chiruthaigal Party is one among the parties along with Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam and Paataali Makkal katchi which Campaigned against government liquor shops of Tamil Nadu popularly known as TASMAC.

paragraphs: The main aim of the party is to abolish the differences among Tamil people and to lift up the economically weaker sections of society. The party supported the freedom movement of Tamil people in Tamil Eelam, as well as the security of Tamil people living abroad.The party also declared that Mahinda Rajapaksa should be charged with war crimes for the alleged assassination of thousands of innocent Tamil people during war against the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam.

paragraphs: The Political party is accused of extra promoting Tamil nationalism and supporting Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam which is banned in India.Although major Tamil political parties DMK and ADMK both are accused for indirectly supporting LTTE, VCK is accused of supporting LTTE leader Prabakaran openly in its party posters. It is alleged that LTTE involved in the assassination of Former Indian prime minister Rajiv Gandhi.VCK Party is demanding release of the Rajiv Gandhi murder accusers along with major Tamil parties like NTK,MDMK,PMK,SMK,AIADMK and DMK.VCK Party also celebrated the birth day of Slain LTTE Leader Prabakaran along with other Tamil parties.


title: Patrick Kennedy

paragraphs: Patrick Kennedy (February 16, 1823 – November 22, 1858) was an Irish farmer, businessman, and politician who moved to East Boston, Massachusetts from County Wexford, Ireland. He was born in New Ross, Ireland. He was the father of businessman/politician P. J. Kennedy (1858-1929), the grandfather of businessman/politician Joseph P. Kennedy, Sr. (1888-1969), and the great-grandfather of President John F. Kennedy (1917-1963).

paragraphs: Patrick Kennedy was the youngest son of farmer James Kennedy Sr. (1770-1840), and Maria Maiden (1779-1836).

paragraphs: At the age of 26, Kennedy decided to leave Ireland, largely because he knew that a third-born son had virtually no hope of running his family's farm. His good friend at Cherry Bros. Brewery in New Ross, Patrick Barron, who taught Kennedy the skills of coopering, had come to that conclusion months earlier and left for America. In October 1848, Patrick Kennedy decided to follow. Patrick Kennedy arrived in Boston on April 22, 1849, having sailed from Liverpool, England on the Washington Irving, a substantial packet ship from the East Boston yard of Donald McKay. Patrick Barron helped settle him into Boston life and organized his coopering job on Noddle's Island (present-day East Boston). Not long after, Barron's cousin Bridget Murphy (1821-1888), who was the daughter of Phillip Murphy (1771-1850) and Mary Barron (1776-1846), made her way to Boston. She and Kennedy were married in the Holy Redeemer Church on September 26, 1849, by Father John Williams, who later became Boston's Roman Catholic Archbishop.

paragraphs: Patrick Kennedy died on November 22, 1858, from cholera at age 35.


title: Ehud Barak

paragraphs: Ehud Barak, born as "Ehud Brog", Hebrew: אהוד ברק , (born in February 12, 1942 in Mishmar HaSharon) is a former Israeli general and politician. He was a member of HaAvoda (Labor Party) till 2011.

paragraphs: Barak was Prime Minister of Israel from 1999 to 2001.

paragraphs: He was also the Chief of General Staff from 1991 to 1995, minister of foreign affairs from 1995 to 1996, and minister of defense from 2007 to 2013.

paragraphs: He studied physics, mathematics and economics at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem and Stanford University.


title: RAS syndrome

paragraphs: RAS syndrome is when someone repeats a part of an acronym after using the acronym, such as ATM machine.


title: Heiwiller

paragraphs: Heiwiller is a commune. It is found in the Haut-Rhin department of eastern France.


title: Cajibio, Cauca

paragraphs: Cajibio is a municipality in the Cauca Department, Colombia.


title: Xavier Atencio

paragraphs: Francis Xavier Atencio, also known as X Atencio (September 4, 1919 – September 10, 2017), was an American animator and Imagineer for The Walt Disney Company. Atencio served as a photo interpreter in the U.S. Army Air Forces from 1941 to 1945 during World War II, reaching the rank of captain in the 2nd Photo Tech Squadron. Stationed in England, he was part of team that would analyze aerial surveillance for military intelligence.

paragraphs: Atencio retired from The Walt Disney Company in 1984 and was named a Disney Legend in 1996.


title: Siegfried Köhler

paragraphs: Siegfried Köhler (July 30, 1923 in Freiburg im Breisgau – September 12, 2017 in Wiesbaden) was a German conductor and composer of classical music. He worked as general music director of opera houses such as Hessisches Staatstheater Wiesbaden and the Royal Swedish Opera. He conducted premieres of works by Hans Werner Henze and Volker David Kirchner, among others, and revived rarely performed operas. He also composed music for the stage and taught at universities of music in Cologne and Saarbrücken.


title: António Francisco dos Santos

paragraphs: António Francisco dos Santos (21 February 1948 – 11 September 2017) was a Roman Catholic bishop.

paragraphs: He was ordain to the priesthood in 1972, dos served as auxiliary bishop of the Archbishop of Braga, Portugal, from 2004 to 2006. He then served as bishop of the Diocese of Aviero from 2006 to 2014 and as bishop of the Diocese of Porto from 2014 until his death.

paragraphs: dos Santos died of a heart attack in Porto, Portugal on 11 September 2017 at the age of 69.


title: Alfred Gadenne

paragraphs: Alfred Gadenne (31 January 1946 in Luingne – 11 September 2017 in Luingne) was a Belgian politician. He was a member of the Centre démocrate humaniste and Mayor of Mouscron in Hainaut from 2006 until his death in September 2017.

paragraphs: Gadenne was found dead on 11 September 2017 at the age of 71 after having his throat slashed at a graveyard close to his home in Mouscron. Local news report a suspect had handed himself in to police. The suspect is an 18 years inhabitant of Mouscron. He murdered Gadenne because his father (a fireman) had committed suicide after being fired by Gadenne.

paragraphs: Gadenne was an alderman of Mouscron from 1982 to 2006.

paragraphs: He was also a member of the Parliament of Wallonia and the Parliament of the French Community from 2009 to 2014.


title: Liri

paragraphs: The Liri is one of the main rivers in central Italy that flows through the Abruzzo and Lazio regions. It flows into the Tyrrhenian Sea under the name Garigliano.

paragraphs: The Liri river has a length of ( as Garigliano), and a drainage basin with an area of approximately . The Liri-Garigliano system has a total drainage basin of .

paragraphs: The Liri river starts on the sides of the "Monte Camiciola", part of the "Monti Simbruini" of central Apennines, at an elevation of about , in the "comune" of Cappadocia, L'Aquila province, Abruzzo region.

paragraphs: It flows at first in to the southeastern through a long valley, parallel to the general direction of the Apennines, until it gets to the city of Sora. Before Isola del Liri "Liri Island"), the Liri is joined by the Fibreno river and then it divides into two branches which then rejoin, surrounding the lower part of the town. One branch makes a high waterfall.

paragraphs: A dam is built on the river after the confluence with the Sacco river, its main tributary, at Ceprano. The last important tributary of the Liri is the "Melfa", with which it joins near Aquino. The river forms the border between Lazio and Campania regions and, after Cassino, it joins the "Gari" river and then it is known as "Garigliano". After , the river flows into the Tyrrhenian Sea.

paragraphs: The Liri river flows through 2 regions and 2 provinces. It flows through the following "comuni", among others:

paragraphs: The main tributaries of the Liri river are:


title: Dawn redwood

paragraphs: The Dawn redwood species Metasequoia glyptostroboides, is a deciduous conifer that was discovered in 1941. It is native to some parts of China where people called it the "Water Fir". Although this fast-growing tree is planted around arboretums across the world, it is still endangered. It is in the family Cupressaceae.


title: Chennai Super Kings

paragraphs: The Chennai Super Kings (abbreviated as CSK) is a franchise cricket team standing for Chennai, Tamil Nadu (India), playing in the Indian Premier League (IPL). Founded in 2008, the team played its home matches at the M. A. Chidambaram Stadium in Chennai. On 14 July 2015, the Supreme Court appointed RM Lodha committee suspended the Super Kings from the IPL for a period of two years for the alleged involvement of their owners in the 2013 Indian Premier League betting case.Prior to the suspension, the team was captained by Mahendra Singh Dhoni and coached by Stephen Fleming.

paragraphs: The Super Kings had won the title twice in succession (2010 and 2011).In 2010, they won the Champions League Twenty20 for the first time and repeated the feat in 2014. The leading run-scorer of the team is Suresh Raina, while the leading wicket-taker is Ravichandran Ashwin.

paragraphs: In September 2007, the Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI) announced the establishment of the Indian Premier League, a Twenty20 competition to be started in 2008.In January 2008, the BCCI unveiled the owners of eight city-based franchises. The Chennai franchise was sold to the India Cements for $91 million, making it the fourth most expensive team in the league behind Mumbai, Bangalore and Hyderabad.India Cements acquired the rights to the franchise for 10 years.

paragraphs: During the first player auctions for the inaugural IPL season conducted in January 2008, the Chennai franchise bought a number of contemporary star cricketers such as Mahendra Singh Dhoni, Matthew Hayden, Stephen Fleming, Muttiah Muralitharan and Michael Hussey. Dhoni became the costliest player of the auction, as the Chennai franchise bought him for $1.5 million.The franchise named Dhoni as the captain of the team and appointed Kepler Wessels as the head coach.They played their first game on 19 April 2008 against Kings XI Punjab at Mohali. The Super Kings won the game by 33 runs after posting 240/5 in 20 overs, which was the highest total of the tournament, a record surpassed by themselves in 2010.The Super Kings ended the league stage with eight wins from 14 games and finished third on the points table.They beat the Kings XI Punjab by 9 wickets in the semifinal.The Super Kings faced the Rajasthan Royals in the final of the IPL at Mumbai. Batting first, the Super Kings scored 163/5 in 20 overs and lost the game by 3 wickets off the final delivery of the match.

paragraphs: In 2009 season, The Super Kings finished with 17 points from 14 matches and earned a second place at the league table.However, at the semi-finals, their hopes of entering the final for a second time were crushed by the Royal Challengers who beat them by 6 wickets.The Super Kings opener Matthew Hayden, who scored 572 runs in 12 innings with 5 half-centuries at an average of 52 and strike-rate of 145, won the Orange Cap for the leading run-scorer of the season and was also adjudged Player of the Tournament.

paragraphs: In 2010, the Super Kings struggled in the first half of the regular season, winning only two matches out of seven. They won four of their next five games in the season mainly due to the efforts of Murali Vijay and Suresh Raina. After a defeat at home to the Delhi Daredevils, the Super Kings were left with a must-win match against Kings XI Punjab at Dharamsala. The Super Kings won the match by six wickets as they chased down the target of 193 with two balls to spare with skipper Dhoni scoring an unbeaten 54 from 29 balls.Chennai got the third place as they had the better net run rate of the four teams which finished on 14 points.In the semifinal, the Super Kings scored a modest 142/7 in 20 overs against the defending champions Deccan Chargers. But an inspired bowling spell from Doug Bollinger (4/13 in four overs) did the most damage as the Chargers were bowled out for 104. This gave the Super Kings a 38-run victory that took them to the final. The Super Kings faced the tournament favorites Mumbai Indians at their home ground in the final.Suresh Raina's 57 (35) helped the Super Kings recover from 68/3 after 12 overs to put up 168/5 at the end of their 20 overs. Then, their spin duo of Ravichandran Ashwin and Muralitharan conceded only 41 runs in the 8 overs bowled between them to help the Super Kings won the game by 22 runs and secure their first ever IPL title.With this, the Super Kings also qualified for the 2010 Champions League Twenty20 that was held in South Africa.

paragraphs: At the Champions League, the Super Kings were placed in Group A along with champions of Twenty20 competitions from Australia, South Africa, New Zealand and Sri Lanka. The Super Kings topped the Group table with three wins and a Super Over defeat to the Victorian Bushrangers.In the semi-final at Durban, the Super Kings comprehensively defeated IPL rivals Royal Challengers Bangalore by 52 runs. Raina won the Man of the match for his unbeaten 94 off 48 balls.The Super Kings played their first CLT20 final at Johannesburg where they beat the Chevrolet Warriors by 8 wickets, becoming the first IPL team to win the CLT20. Murali Vijay won not only the Man of the Match in the final for his 58 but also the Golden Bat for scoring the most runs in the tournament and Ashwin, who was the leading wicket-taker, was adjudged the Player of the Series. At the end of the season, Matthew Hayden decided to retire from the IPL.

paragraphs: In 2011, as two new teams were added to the IPL, the IPL Governing Council declared that each franchise could retain a maximum of four players of their squad, only three of whom can be Indian players, and the rest of the international players would be put in the mega-auction. The Chennai franchise, keen to have the same set of core players, retained captain MS Dhoni, vice-captain Suresh Raina, Murali Vijay and all-rounder Albie Morkel for a total of $4.5 million. At the auction, they bought back some of their star players of previous seasons such as Hussey, Ashwin, Bollinger and Subramaniam Badrinath. In the 2011 IPL, they lost three of their first five games which placed them at the bottom of the ten-team points table.But then, they went on to win seven of their next eight games to finish second and register a spot in the knockout stages. They faced the top-ranked team Royal Challengers Bangalore in the Qualifying final which they won by 6 wickets thanks to an unbeaten 73 from Suresh Raina.

paragraphs: In the final, they faced the same opponents again, which was held at their home ground Chepauk. Vijay and Hussey put on a 133-run first-wicket partnership that helped the Super Kings to post a total of 205/5. Their bowlers, then, restricted Bangalore to only 147 to take the Super Kings to second consecutive title in the IPL. Vijay was awarded Man of the Match for his match-winning innings of 95.CSK also won all their home games that season becoming the first team in IPL to achieve the feat. However at the Champions League later that year, they won only one out of their four group matches and finished at the bottom.

paragraphs: In 2012, the franchise signed up Indian all-rounder Ravindra Jadeja for $2 million at the players' auction.They got off to a rather slow start in the regular season, winning only five of their first 12 games which put them in doubt of qualifying for the Playoffs. Then they won three of their last four matches and qualified for the Playoffs with a better net run rate than the Royal Challengers who also finished with the same number of points.In the Eliminator, they beat the Mumbai Indians by 38 runs before comprehensively beating the table-toppers Delhi Daredevils in the Qualifying final by 86 runs. Murali Vijay, who struck his second IPL hundred (113 off 58 balls), won the Man of the Match.At the final, the Super Kings were defeated by 5 wickets by the Kolkata Knight Riders who chased down the target of 191 with two balls to spare, thus denying the Super Kings a hat-trick of titles in the IPL. At the Champions League, once again they could not progress past the group stage with two wins and two defeats.

paragraphs: In 2013, the Super Kings strengthened their bowling attack by signing up five overseas and five Indian bowlers. In the IPL season, they finished first in the points table with 11 wins from 16 matches and qualified for the Playoffs and 2013 CLT20. This was the first time in six seasons that the Super Kings had topped the league table of the IPL. During the season, they also equaled Royal Challengers Bangalore's 2011 record for most wins in succession in the IPL (7 wins on trot). In the first Qualifier at Delhi against Mumbai Indians, the Super Kings posted 192/1 in 20 overs riding on unbeaten half-centuries from Hussey (86* off 58 balls) and Raina (82* off 42 balls) before bowling out their opponents for 144. Thus they entered the final of the IPL for the fourth time in succession where they would play the same opponents, Mumbai Indians, at Kolkata. At the final, batting first, the Mumbai Indians made 148/9 in their 20 overs. In reply, the Super Kings were reduced to 39/6 at one stage before an unbeaten half-century from skipper Dhoni took them close to the target. However, Mumbai Indians won the match by 23 runs to win their first ever IPL title. Super Kings opening batsman Michael Hussey, who scored 733 runs that season at an average of 52, won the Orange Cap for the most runs in the season while all-rounder Dwayne Bravo won the Purple Cap for bagging the most wickets (32). The Super Kings gained direct qualification for the 2013 CLT20 which was held in India in September–October. They were placed in Group B alongside Brisbane Heat, Sunrisers Hyderabad, Titans and Trinidad & Tobago. They won their first three games before losing the final group match against Trinidad & Tobago. With 12 points from four matches, the Super Kings progressed to the semifinals where they suffered a 14-run defeat at the hands of the Rajasthan Royals at Jaipur.

paragraphs: In 2014,The Super Kings started the season with a defeat in the opening match, after which they went on to win eight of their next nine matches to take the first spot in the points table. However, they suffered a loss of form towards the end of the regular season which resulted in three consecutive defeats. They won their last league fixture and finished third in the points table and qualified for the Eliminator against the fourth-placed Mumbai Indians. They won the Eliminator at Mumbai by 7 wickets and qualified for the Qualifier. At the Qualifier against Kings XI Punjab, the Super Kings won the toss and elected to field. Punjab went on to score 226/6 in their 20 overs. The Super Kings, in reply, could manage only 202/7 despite a 25-ball 87 from Raina. They crashed out of the IPL, but, on account of finishing third, qualified for the main event of the 2014 CLT20. In the group stage of the CLT20, the Super Kings won two matches, lost one while another match was a no result. Thus with 10 points they finished second in the group table and qualified for the semifinal where they met the unbeaten team of the other group, Kings XI Punjab. After being put in to bat, the Super Kings posted 182/7 in 20 overs thanks to Bravo who scored a 39-ball 67. Then their bowlers reduced Punjab to 34/6 in the eighth over, and Punjab were eventually bowled out for 117. At the final in Bangalore, the Super Kings faced the IPL champions Kolkata Knight Riders who set them a target of 181 in 20 overs. Raina guided the run-chase with an unbeaten 109 off 62 balls, helping the team to an eight-wicket win and their second CLT20 title. Super Kings spinner Pawan Negi who took 5/22 during Kolkata's innings won the Man of the Match, and Raina, who finished as the highest run-getter of the tournament, was awarded Man of the Tournament.

paragraphs: In 2015, before the players' auction, Chennai Super Kings gave away Ben Hilfenhaus, John Hastings, Vijay Shankar and David Hussey. At the auction they bought back Michael Hussey for a price of Rs.1.5 crores. They also bought Kyle Abbott, Irfan Pathan, Andrew Tye, Eklavya Dwivedi, Ankush Bains, Pratyush Singh and Rahul Sharma. In the final, they lost against Mumbai.

paragraphs: In May 2013, Gurunath Meiyappan, son-in-law of Srinivasan, was arrested by Mumbai Police on charges of placing bets on IPL matches Meiyappan, who was the Team Principal of the Super Kings, was issued a summons by the Mumbai Police and on interrogation it was found that Meiyappan was in contact with bookies through actor Vindu Dara Singh. Following this, Srinivasan, on 2 June 2013, decided to step aside as BCCI President temporarily until the inquiry into the betting case completed. In February 2014, the three member panel appointed by the Supreme Court of India enquired into the betting case indicted Meiyappan for illegal betting during the 2013 IPL.

paragraphs: On 25 March 2014, the Supreme Court of India issued an ultimatum to the BCCI demanding that Srinivasan either step down as President or be removed from his position. On 14 July 2015, the Supreme Court appointed RM Lodha committee suspended the owners of Rajasthan Royals and Chennai Super Kings from the Indian Premier League for a period of two years. On 24 February 2016, the Supreme Court of India agreed to hear a plea for lifting the ban on the Chennai Super Kings.


title: Chepauk Stadium

paragraphs: Chepauk Stadium (M. A. Chidambaram Stadium) is a cricket stadium in Chennai, India. The stadium, most commonly known as Chepauk, was established in 1916 and it is the oldest continuously used cricket stadium in the country. Its alternative name is after M. A. Chidambaram, former President of BCCI and the stadium was formerly known as Madras Cricket Club Ground. It is the home ground of the Tamil Nadu cricket team and the Indian Premier League team Chennai Super Kings. Chepauk hosted its first Test match on 10 February 1934, the first ever Ranji Trophy match in 1936 and Indian cricket team's first ever test victory in 1952 against England. The 1986 India-Australia match held at Chepauk was only the second ever Tied Test in the history of the game. As of 19 Aug, 2017 it has hosted 32 Tests, 21 ODIs and 1 T20I.

paragraphs: The Chepauk crowd is known to be amongst the most appreciative in the country. The crowd gave a standing ovation to Saeed Anwar after scoring the highest ever ODI score of 194 against India in 1997. The crowd was again appreciative when Pakistan won a Test match in 1999 and the Pakistani team made a lap of honour in appreciation of the spectators' sporting behaviour.

paragraphs: India hold the record for the highest score on the ground when they hit 759-7d runs against England in 2016. India hold the record for the lowest score at the ground when England restricted them to just 83. Sunil Gavaskar (1018 runs) had scored the most number of runs in this stadium followed by Sachin Tendulkar (876 runs) and Gundappa Vishwanath (785 runs) in Tests. Anil Kumble (48 wickets) had taken the most wickets in this stadium followed by Kapil Dev (40 wickets) and Harbhajan Singh (39 wickets) in Tests.

paragraphs: The highest ODI score here was made by Pakistan in 1997 when Pakistan scored 327–5, India replied with 292 all out, which is the third highest score here. The second highest score is 299–8 made by India on 22 October 2015 against South Africa which India defended successfully. The fourth highest score is 289–4 made by Australia against New Zealand. Yuvraj Singh has scored the most number of runs here with 255 runs in ODIs. Mohammad Rafique has taken the most number of wickets (14 wickets), followed by Ajit Agarkar, who is the highest wicket taking Indian cricketer.

paragraphs: Sachin Tendulkar has scored more runs in Chepauk than any other venue in India with 876 runs in nine Tests at an average of 87.60.


title: Luingne

paragraphs: Luingne, Picard: Lœne or Lœgne, West Flemish: Lowiegn, Dutch: Lowingen, is a village in the Belgian province of Hainaut.

paragraphs: Luingne is a former municipality. It has been a part of the municipality of Mouscron since 1977. It borders France.

paragraphs: About 4,000 people are living in this village, which has an area of 554 hectares.


title: Sonia Bashir Kabir

paragraphs: Sonia Bashir Kabir is a Bangladeshi business executive. She is the Managing Director of Microsoft Bangladesh Limited and co-founder of IT Firm Syntec and D Money, a financial technology sector start-up. She was a national athlete and she has played for Bangladesh National Volleyball team and Bangladesh National Cricket team. Before joining the national team she played both volleyball and cricket for Abahani. She serves on boards of the Bangladesh Association of Software and Information Services (BASIS), the business and computer science schools of North South University and the business school of the Independent University Bangladesh. Former UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon appointed Sonia in 2015 to the Governing Council of the Technology Bank for the Least Developed Countries (LDC) for a 3 year term.

paragraphs: Sonia passed SSC and HSC from Vicarunnessa High school and College. After that she educated and trained in Silicon Valley. She lived in Northern California for 20 years.

paragraphs: After completing MBA, Sonia worked in Silicon Valley for Fortune 100 companies including Sun Microsystems and Oracle. Her expertise includes strategic planning and growth, sales execution, financial management, team building and change management. Before work with Microsoft Bangladesh she served as Country Manager for Dell Bangladesh and Chief Operating Officer for Aamra Technologies Limited. She is the Founder President of TiE Dhaka, Co-founder of Bangladesh Women in IT (BWIT) and Board Member of the American International School, Dhaka. She is also Director of Women Entrepreneurs’ Association (WEA), Member of Bangladesh Cricket Board (BCB) Women’s Wing and Member, Abahani Women’s Games Development Committee (AWGDC).


title: Pressure in liquids

paragraphs: Fluid pressure is a measurement of the force per unit area. Fluid pressure can be caused by gravity, acceleration, or forces in a closed container. Since a fluid has no definite shape, its pressure applies in all directions. Fluid pressure can also be amplified through hydraulic mechanisms and changes with the velocity of the fluid.

paragraphs: In a fluid column, as the depth increases, the pressure increases as well. Pressure (P) increases because as you go deeper, fluid at a lower depth has to support fluid above it as well. Therefore to define fluid pressure, we can say that it is the pressure at a point within a fluid arising due to the weight of the fluid.

paragraphs: Pressure in liquids is equally divided in all directions, therefore if a force is applied to one point of the liquid, it will be transmitted to all other points within the liquid.

paragraphs: The pressure in fluids can be calculated using the following relation:

paragraphs: P = "hρg (Pressure = Height/Depth of the liquid X Density of the liquid X Gravitational pull (9.81m/s))".

paragraphs: The SI Unit (International System of Unit) of pressure is the Pascal, or Newton per meter squared (N/m^2).

paragraphs: Points along the same depth will have the same pressure, while points at different depths will have different pressure.

paragraphs: An object that is partly, or completely submerged in a fluid experiences a greater pressure on its bottom surface than on its top surface. This causes a resultant force upwards. This force is called upthrust, and is also known as buoyancy.


title: DWRK

paragraphs: DWRK (96.3 FM), branding as 96.3 Easy Rock, is a 24/7 Soft AC FM radio station. It is owned and operated by Cebu Broadcasting Company in the Philippines. The station is an affliate station of the Manila Broadcasting Company. The studio is in Star City Complex, Pasay City. Its transmitter is on the BSA Twin Towers in Mandaluyong City.


title: Subcutaneous tissue

paragraphs: The Subcutaneous tissue is sometimes also called the hypodermis. It is the bottom layer of skin of an animal or plant, right below the dermis, which is below the epidermis.

paragraphs: The diagram is incorrect by a typo error: The stratum germinativum is the stratum granulosum layer, the stratum basale is also called the stratum germinativum. The stratum lucidum is located below the stratum corneum. The stratum spinosum is also the stratum mucosum. Below the basal later is the papilla, then the dermis layers, below that is hypodermis also known as subcutaneous later which is the adipose (fat) location just above the vessels of lymph and veins and arteries, attaching to the muscles. However, adipose can become expansive and encapsulate around vessels of the lymphatic, veins and the arteries.

paragraphs: In humans, this is where the body mostly stores fat cells, called adipocyte, and there are also white blood cells and blood vessels.

paragraphs: The hypodermis also connects the muscles of the body to the skin, with something called deep fascia, or connective tissue.


title: University of Western Ontario

paragraphs: The University of Western Ontario is a public research univeristy in London, Ontario, Canada. Popularly known as "Western University", it is a co-educational university, It has more than 24,000 students and 306,000 living alumni.

paragraphs: The university was founded on 7 March 1878. The supporter was Bishop Isaac Hellmuth of the Anglican Diocese of Huron. The name was "The Western University of London Ontario".


title: Yasmin Altwaijri

paragraphs: Yasmin Ahmed Almubarak Altwaijri is a Senior Scientist and the Head of Epidemiology Research at King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre (KFSH&RC) in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. She looks at the number of times conditions such as obesity and mental illness occur in Saudi society. She also wants to make changes in the political and social system of Saudi Arabia to promote better health.

paragraphs: Altwaijri studied Community Health at King Saud University in Riyadh, receiving her B.Sc. in 1992. After marrying, she and her husband moved to the United States to attend graduate school. Altwaijri studied with Johanna Dwyer, director of the Frances Stern Nutrition Center at Tufts University's Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy. She received her M.Sc. from Tufts University in 1996 and her Ph.D in 2002. Her parents strongly encouraged her to have a professional career that would enable her to be financially independent.

paragraphs: Altwaijri moved from Boston to Saudi Arabia in 2002. She joined King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences and started to work for King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre in Riyadh where she leads the epidemiology research center. She is considered one of the top senior scientists in the country.

paragraphs: Altwaijri is concerned with epidemiological studies of the Saudi population, with particular attention to women, children and adolescents.

paragraphs: One area she is working on is to develop pubertal growth standards for Saudi children. The only standards available to Saudi pediatricians have been based on pubertal characteristics of children in the United States. The problem is that Saudi children are different from American ones. Altwaijri is developing studies of Saudi children that will be sensitive to factors in Saudi life such as socioeconomic standards, diet, and geography.

paragraphs: She also researches risk factors such as obesity, smoking, hypertension, high blood cholesterol and lack of exercise, which affect chronic diseases. She emphasizes the importance of social determinants of health and strongly advocates for social and political changes that would promote more healthy lifestyles. She is particularly concerned about women, who are at a higher risk of developing obesity than Saudi men, in part because socio-cultural factors restrict opportunities for women to exercise and discourage women's participation in sports. Altwaijri advocates for the inclusion of a physical curriculum for girls as well as boys in schools; creation of safe neighborhood play spaces for both male and female children; safe areas where adult men and women can be physically active; and affordable health clubs for both women and men. She also supports regulation of food prices to promote the choice of healthy over unhealthy foods. To keep her children active, she enrolled them in competitive team swimming, where they became eligible to attend the AAU Junior Olympic Games.

paragraphs: Altwaijri is a Principal Investigator for the Saudi National Mental Health Survey, a broad-based investigation assessing the impact of mental illness in Saudi communities. No research into this area had been done previously in Saudi Arabia, even though the

paragraphs: World Health Organization (WHO) reports that five of the ten most burdensome diseases in the world involve mental health. In addition to Saudi government and educational institutions, this research involves international collaboration with Harvard University, the University of Michigan, and the World Health Organization. The study, which was initiated in 2009, had the goal of visiting the homes of 5,000 men and women to interview people from across the country. 86% of interviewees were willing to participate.

paragraphs: Altwaijri chairs the Saudi Women in Science Committee, a national network of female scientists from Saudi Arabia. She encourages Saudi women to enter scientific and technological fields, arguing that women scientists can use electronic forms of communication to collaborate and do significant work without "cross[ing] the boundaries of our societal norms and customs." She indicates that restrictions such as the ban on women drivers make it difficult for women to go to work or to visit a fitness center.

paragraphs: Altwaijri is one of thirty-five women featured in the book "Arab Women Rising", which includes women from Tunisia to Saudi Arabia. She was included in the BBC's 2014 list featuring 100 Women internationally.