title: Speed badminton

paragraphs: Speed Badminton (or "Speedminton") is a form of badminton played without a net. It is faster than ordinary badminton. It combines rules from different sports like badminton, squash and tennis. Today, Speedminton is played all around the world. There are about 3,000 registered players that compete internationally and about 2 million players around the world.

paragraphs: There is no net in between players. There is also no firm rules about where it is played. It can be played on tennis courts, streets, beaches, fields or gyms. The court is two squares of 5.50–metre (18 ft) length. They are fixed opposite to each other at a distance of 12.8 m (42 ft).

paragraphs: There are tournaments all over the world. Tournaments are organized into a growing number of clubs. In some countries, associations are already established, for example the German Speed Badminton Association (DSBV) and the Swiss Speed Badminton (SSB). On August 25, 2011 the international Speed Badminton Organization (ISBO) was founded in Berlin.


title: System file

paragraphs: A system file is an important file which an operating system needs to be able to work properly. System files are found mainly in computers and device drivers. They can contain important information. They can contain information which enables a computer to start. They can also contain information which tells the computer how to run properly as you use it. Deleting a system file can damage a computer or make it unusable. System files in a Windows operating system are found in the System32 folder, the most important folder on the computer's hard drive. Most system files cannot be edited or deleted as they are always in use by the system.


title: Marquinhos

paragraphs: Marquinhos (real name Marcos Aoás Corrêa, born 14 May 1994 in São Paulo) is a Brazilian footballer. He plays as a defender for Paris Saint-Germain F.C. in France.

paragraphs: "The Guardian" newspaper think that he is one of the 10 best young football players in the world.

paragraphs: He was bought by his current club from A.S. Roma for €32 million in 2013.


title: Daily Star

paragraphs: The Daily Star is a tabloid newspaper in the United Kingdom. It was first published on 2 November 1978. In 2011, it made 706,757 copies every day. It is quite similar to "The Sun". It tries to be cheaper so more people buy it than "The Sun". Although other newspapers have their favourite political party, the "Daily Star" does not. However, it was against Labour Prime Minister Gordon Brown in 2009. To attract women and teenage girls the "Daily Star" has a horoscope column.


title: Kill la Kill

paragraphs: The series follows Ryuko Matoi, a student at a high school in Tokyo Bay set in post-apocalyptic Japan called Honnouji Academy. The academy is run by the student council which wear special uniforms called Goku Uniforms. The uniforms give them superhuman abilities and they use them to rule over the rest of the students and staff of the academy. Ryuko Matoi owns one-half of a scissor-shaped longsword and transferred to the academy to look for the owner of the other half of the scissor blade, the person that killed her father. When she attempts to interrogate the leader of the student council Satsuki Kiryuin about the killer, she is defeated. After her defeat, she finds a sentient sailor uniform which she names Senketsu. Ryuko is able to use Senketsu's powers to fight Satsuki and her henchmen, the Elite Four.


title: Dinu Cocea

paragraphs: Constantin "Dinu" Cocea (22 September 1929 – 26 December 2013) was a Romanian actor, screenwriter, and award winning director.

paragraphs: He was born in Periș, Ilfov County, Romania. Cocea graduated from Gheorghe Lazăr National College before he began his acting career in 1958. However, he made his mark as a director and screenwriter, most notably directing "Haiducii lui Șaptecai". In 2010 he received the Lifetime Achievement Award of Excellence at the Iasi International Film Festival.

paragraphs: Dinu Cocea died from heart failure on 26 December 2013, aged 84, in Paris, France, where he had lived since 1986. He was survived by his daughter, Oana.


title: Jan Skopeček

paragraphs: Jan Skopeček (19 September 1925 – 27 July 2020) was a Czech actor and playwright.

paragraphs: He was born in Litoměřice, Czechoslovakia. Skopeček began his acting career in 1949, appearing in a number of plays. He was married to actress Věra Tichánková. The two remained together until Tichánková's death in January 2014.

paragraphs: He died on 27 July 2020 in Prague, aged 94.


title: Richard Bull

paragraphs: Richard Bull (June 26, 1924 – February 3, 2014) was an American movie, stage, and television actor.

paragraphs: He is best known for his role as Nels Oleson on the NBC TV series "Little House on the Prairie" which aired from 1974 to 1983 and "Doc" on "Voyage to the Bottom of the Sea".

paragraphs: Bull died on the morning of February 3, 2014 at the Motion Picture Television Fund campus in Calabasas, California from pneumonia. He was 89 years old.


title: Bill Sinkin

paragraphs: William R. "Bill" Sinkin (May 19, 1913 – February 3, 2014) was an American community activist for equality, international cooperation and alternative energy in San Antonio, Texas. He created the company "Solar San Antonio".

paragraphs: Sinkin died on February 3, 2014 from natural causes in San Antonio, Texas, aged 100.


title: Wu Ma

paragraphs: Wu Ma (real name: ) (22 September 1942 – 4 February 2014) was a Chinese-Hong Kong actor, director, producer and writer.

paragraphs: Wu Ma's career began in 1963. He made over 180 appearances to his name (plus 38 directorial credits within a twenty-five year period). Wu Ma is mostly known for appearing in many movies about the history of Hong Kong Cinema. He is best known as the Taoist ghosthunter in "A Chinese Ghost Story".

paragraphs: Wu Ma died on 4 February 2014 in Hong Kong from lung cancer, aged 71.


title: Jack Steinberger

paragraphs: Hans Jakob "Jack" Steinberger (born May 25, 1921) is a German-born American physicist of Jewish descent. He co-discovered the muon neutrino, along with Leon Lederman and Melvin Schwartz. He was given the 1988 Nobel Prize in Physics. Steinberger now lives in Switzerland.

paragraphs: He studied at the Illinois Institute of Technology and the University of Chicago.

paragraphs: Steinberger is an atheist, and a member of the International Academy of Humanism.


title: Leon Lederman

paragraphs: Leon Max Lederman (July 15, 1922 – October 3, 2018) was an American experimental physicist. He received, along with Martin Lewis Perl, the Wolf Prize in Physics in 1982. He won the prize for their research on quarks and leptons, and the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1988. He received the prize along with Melvin Schwartz and Jack Steinberger, for their research on neutrinos.

paragraphs: Lederman was of Jewish descent. He was an atheist.

paragraphs: Lederman died on October 3, 2018 at a care-facility in Rexburg, Idaho from complications of dementia at the age of 96.


title: Melvin Schwartz

paragraphs: Melvin Schwartz (November 2, 1932 – August 28, 2006) was an American physicist of Jewish descent.

paragraphs: He shared the 1988 Nobel Prize in Physics with Leon M. Lederman and Jack Steinberger for their development of the neutrino beam method and their demonstration of the doublet structure of the leptons through the discovery of the muon neutrino.

paragraphs: Schwartz died on August 28, 2006 in Twin Falls, Idaho from Parkinson's disease and hepatitis C, aged 73.


title: Martin Lewis Perl

paragraphs: Martin Lewis Perl (June 24, 1927 – September 30, 2014) was an American physicist of Jewish descent. Perl won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1995 for his discovery of the tau lepton.

paragraphs: Pearl died at Stanford University Hospital on September 30, 2014 from a heart attack at the age of 87.


title: Patrice Munsel

paragraphs: Patrice Munsel (May 14, 1925 – August 4, 2016) was an American coloratura soprano. She was the youngest singer who ever starred at the Metropolitan Opera. She was sometimes called "Princess Pat".

paragraphs: Munsel was born in Spokane, Washington on May 14, 1925. She died on August 4, 2016 in Schroon Lake, New York, aged 91.


title: Adolfo Suárez

paragraphs: Adolfo Suárez González, 1st Duke of Suárez, Grandee of Spain (25 September 1932 – 23 March 2014) was a Spanish lawyer and politician. Suárez was Spain's first democratically elected prime minister after the dictator of Franco.

paragraphs: During his term as Prime Minister, Suárez was the key figure in the country's change to democracy. He led and founded some democratic political parties in Spain. He created the "Political Reform of Spain" in 1976 which helped Spain to become a democratic country.

paragraphs: In 2005, he was diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease. He died nine years later in Madrid at the age of 81.

paragraphs: Suárez was born in Cebreros, Spain. His parents were Hipólito Suárez Guerra and Herminia González Prados. He studied at the University of Salamanca. Suárez married María Amparo Illana Elórtegui in 1961.

paragraphs: On 4 July 1976, King Juan Carlos appointed Suárez as Prime Minister of Spain. He was the first Prime Minister under the 1978 Constitution of Spain.

paragraphs: In late July of 1977, Suárez became a member of the Congress of Deputies for Madrid. He was a member until he retired from politics in 1991.

paragraphs: In 1977, Spain had its first free elections in 41 years. Suárez was elected Prime Minister. He and the people working with him won the 1979 elections under the new constitution. He resigned as Prime Minister on 29 January 1981.

paragraphs: In 1981, King Juan Carlos of Spain gave Suárez the hereditary title of "Duque de Suárez" (Duke of Suárez). He also received the title "Grande de España" (English: Grandee of Spain) because of his role in the change to democracy.

paragraphs: The Prime Minister after Suárez was Leopoldo Calvo Sotelo. In 1986, Suárez ran again for Prime Minister. He lost to Felipe González.

paragraphs: Suárez had five children. His first child died in 2004 from cancer. His wife of fifty years, María Amparo died in 2001. He lived in Madrid during his retirement years.

paragraphs: On 31 May 2005, Suárez's son, Adolfo Suárez Illana, announced on Spanish television that his father was suffering from Alzheimer's disease. Suárez died from a respiratory infection in Madrid, aged 81.

paragraphs: Suárez was granted a state funeral. His small memorial service was held on March 26 at the Ávila Cathedral. Many politicians attended including all former living Spanish Prime Ministers. His state funeral was held on 31 March 2014. He was buried at the Ávila Cathedral.

paragraphs: On 24 March 2014, the Spanish government decided to rename the Madrid Barajas Airport to Adolfo Suárez Madrid-Barajas in honor of his service to the country.


title: George Fernandes

paragraphs: George Fernandes (3 June 1930 – 29 January 2019) was the former Indian trade unionist, politician, journalist, agriculturist, and member of "Rajya Sabha" from Bihar. He was a key member of the Janata Dal (United), and is the founder of the Samata Party.

paragraphs: Fernandes suffered from Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, and in January 2010 was underwent treatment at Baba Ramdev's ashram at Haridwar He died of complications from the diseases on 29 January 2019 in New Delhi, aged 88.


title: Charles K. Kao

paragraphs: The Honourable Sir Charles Kuen Kao, (4 November 1933 – 23 September 2018) was a Chinese-born Hong Kong, American and British electrical engineer and physicist.

paragraphs: He helped discover the development and use of fiber optics in telecommunications. Kao was awarded the 2009 Nobel Prize in Physics for ""groundbreaking achievements concerning the transmission of light in fibers for optical communication"". Kao holds dual citizenship of the United Kingdom and the United States. Kao is known as the ""Godfather of Broadband"".

paragraphs: Kao was diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease in 2002 and had speech difficulty. He died on 23 September 2018 from complications of the disease in Sha Tin, Hong Kong at the age of 84.


title: Auguste Deter

paragraphs: Auguste Deter (; 16 May 1849 – 8 June 1906) was a German woman.

paragraphs: She is the first person to be diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease. Auguste had a normal life. However, during the late 1890s, she started showing symptoms of dementia, such as: loss of memory, delusions, and even temporary vegetative states. She would have trouble sleeping, would drag sheets across the house, and even scream for hours in the middle of the night.

paragraphs: She died on 8 June 1906 from Alzheimer's in Frankfurt, aged 57.


title: Keith Allen (ice hockey)

paragraphs: Courtney Keith Allen (August 21, 1923 – February 4, 2014) was a Canadian former professional ice hockey defenceman and former National Hockey League (NHL) head coach and general manager. He was born in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan. He was the executive vice president of the Philadelphia Flyers.

paragraphs: Allen died at an assisted living facility on February 4, 2014. He was 90 years old. He had suffered from dementia in his later years.


title: D. J. Augustin

paragraphs: Darryl Gerard "D. J." Augustin, Jr. (born November 10, 1987 in New Orleans, Louisiana) is an American professional basketball player. He plays for the Orlando Magic of the NBA. He played point guard for the University of Texas Longhorns from 2006–2008. He was drafted ninth overall by the Charlotte Bobcats of the National Basketball Association in 2008. Augustin is listed as 6'0" (1.83 m) by the NBA but stands 5'11" (1.78 m) barefoot according to the 2008 pre-draft measurements.


title: Tony Snell

paragraphs: Tony Rena Snell, Jr. (born November 10, 1991 in Los Angeles, California) is an American professional basketball player. He plays for the Chicago Bulls of the National Basketball Association (NBA).


title: Child's Play 2

paragraphs: Child's Play 2 is an American horror movie released in 1990. The movie is about a killer doll named Chucky that is causing violent terror in Chicago. Brad Dourif plays Chucky.

paragraphs: This movie was released in November 1990 across North America. The reviews were mixed. The box office was successful.


title: Věra Tichánková

paragraphs: Věra Tichánková (7 December 1920 – 9 January 2014) was a Czech actress. She was born in Zarnovická Hut, Nová Bana, Czechoslovakia (now Slovakia). Tichánková studied at the Institute of Chemical Technology in Prague. She began her acting career in 1940 which lasted over seventy years. Věra Tichánková died on 9 January 2014, aged 93, in Prague, Czech Republic. She was survived by her husband, actor and playwright Jan Skopeček.


title: Billy McColl (actor)

paragraphs: William Collins (15 November 1951 – 1 January 2014), better known by his stage name Billy McColl, was a Scottish actor. He was born in Hamilton, Scotland, McColl began his career in 1978. He had many different roles on British television shows such as "Doctor Who", "Hamish MacBeth", "The Bill" and "Taggart". Billy McColl died on 1 January 2014, aged 62, in London, England. He was survived by his daughter, Maud.


title: Tito Mora

paragraphs: Carlos García Romero (25 June 1940 – 30 December 2013), better known by his stage name Tito Mora, was a Spanish pop singer. Mora was born in Madrid. He began his career in the 1950s as a singer for Los Brujos, one of Spain's first pop music groups. He recorded his final album in 1996. Tito Mora died from a long pulmonary illness on 30 December 2013, aged 72, at a hospital in Madrid.


title: Urban history

paragraphs: Urban history is the study of the history of urbanism. It looks into why and how cities developed. Urban history also studies the social, political, cultural and economic aspects of cities. Most urban historians focus on the larger or more important cities. There is much less attention to small cities, towns and suburbs. Urban history involves several other fields of study as they affect cities. These include archaeology, architecture, sociology, and the political and economic aspects of cities over time.


title: Ladislav Šmíd

paragraphs: Ladislav Šmíd (born February 1, 1986, in Frýdlant v Čechách, Czechoslovakia) is a Czech NHL ice hockey defenceman. He currently plays for the Calgary Flames.

paragraphs: Before playing the NHL, Šmíd played 3 seasons with HC Bílí Tygři Liberec of the Czech Extraliga. He was drafted by the Mighty Ducks of Anaheim with the 9th overall pick in the 2004 NHL Entry Draft. He spent 1 season with the Mighty Ducks AHL affiliate team, the Portland Pirates and was traded along with Joffrey Lupul and draft picks to the Edmonton Oilers for Chris Pronger on July 3, 2006. He played 8 seasons with the Oilers and was known as a shutdown defencemen when he was paired with Jeff Petry.

paragraphs: On November 8, 2013, the Oilers traded Šmíd along with Olivier Roy to the Calgary Flames for Roman Horák and Laurent Brossoit.


title: Dane DeHaan

paragraphs: Dane William DeHaan (born February 6, 1986) is an American actor. He is best known for his role as Jesse on the HBO cable television program "In Treatment" and as Andrew Detmer in the 2012 movie "Chronicle".

paragraphs: DeHaan was born in Allentown, Pennsylvania. He began a career in acting after graduating from the University of North Carolina in 2008. DeHaan married actress Anna Wood on June 30, 2012. They live together in Los Angeles, California.


About Last Night


title: No Holds Barred (1989 movie)

paragraphs: No Holds Barred is a 1989 American professional wrestling movie.

paragraphs: It was produced by Michael Rachmil (with Vince McMahon and Hulk Hogan being credited as executive producers). It was written by Dennis Hackin and directed by Thomas J. Wright. No Holds Barred was released on June 2, 1989 in North America. The movie received negative reviews with a 5% rating on Rotten Tomatoes.

paragraphs: There was a pay-per-view called No Holds Barred: The Match/The Movie which happened on December 12, 1989 and aired on December 27, 1989. The pay-per-view's card were the matches that were featured in the movie.


title: Sune Bergström

paragraphs: Karl Sune Detlof Bergström (10 January 1916 – 15 August 2004) was a Swedish biochemist. He was Dean of the Karolinska Institute Medical Department in Stockholm. In 1969 he became the . Bergström was best known for his work with lipid compounds. For his work on prostaglandins and related substances, Bergström was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1982, along with co-recipients Bengt I. Samuelsson and John R. Vane.


title: Linear mapping

paragraphs: In mathematics (particularly in linear algebra), a linear mapping (or linear transformation) is a mapping "f" between vector spaces that preserves addition and scalar multiplication.

paragraphs: Let "V" and "W" be vector spaces over the same field "K". A function "f": "V" → "W" is said to be a "linear mapping" if for any two vectors x and y in "V" and any scalar α in "K", the following two conditions are satisfied:

paragraphs: Sometimes, a linear mapping is called a linear function. However, in basic mathematics, a linear function means a function whose graph is a line. The set of all linear mappings from the vector space "V" to vector space "W" can be written as formula_1.


title: Rajendran Mani

paragraphs: Rajendran Mani is a bodybuilder from Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. Mani was in the Indian Air Force for 15 years. After he retired, he began weightlifting. He has won both the Mr. India and Champion of Champion titles in India 8 times. He won the Mr. World title at the fifth World Bodybuilding and Physique Sports Championships. The event was held in Budaors, Hungary on 13-17 November 2013.

paragraphs: Rajendran Mani is a very popular bodybuilder in south India. He ranks no 4 in the top 10 Indian bodybuilder list.


title: Royal Bhutan Army

paragraphs: The Royal Bhutan Army () is the army of Bhutan. Its job is to protect the territory of Bhutan and maintain stability inside the country.


title: Päijänne Tavastia

paragraphs: Päijänne Tavastia is a region in Southern Finland. As of November 30, 2013, 202,525 people lived there. Neighbourin regions are Uusimaa, Kanta-Häme, Pirkanmaa, Central Finland, Southern Savonia and Kymenlaakso


paragraphs: The Royal Flying Doctor Service of Australia (RFDS) is a medical service in Australia. It was the first flying medical service in the world. It provides emergency and other health care to people living in rural and remote areas. It is a not-for-profit organisation.

paragraphs: Communities in the Outback and the bush are generally small, and spread over large distances. Many farms, stations and outstations are located far from towns over rough trails. Because of this, many of these places do not have access to hospitals or doctors. The Flying Doctor Service brings medical service to them. It can land planes in any community that has an airstrip.

paragraphs: Today it has a fleet of about 60 planes. They fly from 21 bases located across Australia.

paragraphs: The service was started by Reverend John Flynn. He had worked in rural areas of Victoria. In 1912, he was asked by the Presbyterian Church to look at the needs of people living in the Northern Territory. His report about it led to the creation of the Australian Inland Mission (AIM). Flynn became the manager of this. It began as one nursing clinic. By 1926, it had become a network of ten nursing clinics.

paragraphs: On 15 May 1928, Flynn formed the AIM Aerial Medical Service. This was an experiment based in Cloncurry, in Queensland. AIM leased a de Havilland DH.50 plane from the Queensland and Northern Territory Aerial Service (Qantas). The plane was named "Victory". It would fly doctors to remote communities. The service answered its first call on 17 May 1928. From Cloncurry, the plane flew to Julia Creek in central Queensland. Within its first year of operations, the service flew more than 30,000 kilometres in 50 flights. It became the world's first flying ambulance service.

paragraphs: From the mid-1920s, Flynn had been experimenting with radio together with Alfred Traeger. Traeger built the first pedal-powered transmitter in 1929. It allowed people in remote places to contact a central medical base. These transmitters were given out gradually to stations, missions and other communities around Cloncurry. Cloncurry was the base site for a large transmitter.

paragraphs: During its first few decades, the service got most of its money from community fundraising, volunteers and donations. Today, the service gets financial help from the federal and state governments. But it still needs money from fundraising and donations from the community.

paragraphs: Until the 1960s, the service mostly leased planes and pilots. After this point, the service moved on to buying its own equipment and employing its own pilots and mechanics.

paragraphs: By the early 1930s, there was growing interest in expanding the service across the continent. Demand for its services was increasing. In response, the service expanded its fleet by hiring more planes and more pilots. Money from fundraising and the Australian Government helped to finance the project. In 1934, it became the Australian Aerial Medical Service. It opened up new bases across the country, in Wyndham, Port Hedland, Kalgoorlie, Broken Hill, Alice Springs, Meekatharra, Charters Towers and Charleville. These bases were organised into "sections". A council to manage the organisation was formed in 1936.

paragraphs: The service's name was changed to the Flying Doctor Service in 1942. It was given the honorific "Royal" in 1955.


title: Chevrolet Chevette

paragraphs: Chevrolet Chevette was an automobile. It was made from 1975 to 1987 in the United States. It was also made in South America till almost 1999. The vehicle was a subcompact car. It was a good selling vehicle in the United States and Canada.

paragraphs: The production for Chevette ended December 23, 1986. GM replaced this car with a badge engineered version of the Suzuki Cultus, selling it under various names such as Chevrolet Sprint/Sprint Metro, Geo/Chevrolet Metro, Pontiac Fireflty, Holden Barina. The next subcompact vehicle GM made for North America was the Chevrolet Aveo in 2004. The Aveo was later rebranded as the Sonic in 2012.


title: Chevrolet Celebrity

paragraphs: The Chevrolet Celebrity was a mid sized automobile. It was made for years 1982 to 1990. The Celebrity was best selling for 1986 in North America. The vehicle lasted one generation.

paragraphs: The sedan was stopped for 1989. The station wagon was last produced for 1990. Chevrolet replaced the sedan with the Lumina, and the station was succeeded by Chevrolet Lumina APV (a minivan).

paragraphs: The Celebrity is similar to the Buick Century, Oldsmobile Cutlass Ciera and Pontiac 6000.


title: John Clare

paragraphs: John Clare (13 July 1793 – 20 May 1864) was an English poet. He was the son of a farm labourer. He was known for his poems about the English countryside.

paragraphs: His biographer Jonathan Bate states that Clare was "the greatest labouring-class poet that England has ever produced. No one has ever written more powerfully of nature, of a rural childhood, and of the alienated and unstable self."


title: Nellie Tayloe Ross

paragraphs: Nellie Tayloe Ross (born Nellie Davis; November 29, 1876 — December 19, 1977) was an American politician. She was the 14th Governor of Wyoming. She is the only female governor that state has had.

paragraphs: Ross was born near St. Joseph, Missouri. She died when she was 101 years old.


title: Martha Layne Collins

paragraphs: Martha Layne Collins (born Martha Layne Hall; December 7, 1936) is a former American businesswoman and politician from Kentucky. As of 2014, she is the only female governor Kentucky has had. She was the fifty-sixth Governor (1983-87) after replacing John Y. Brown Jr..

paragraphs: Collins was considered as a running mate for Democratic Presidential nominee Walter Mondale. Mondale, however, chose Geraldine Ferraro for his mate.

paragraphs: Layne Collins was born in Bagdad, Kentucky.


title: Miriam A. Ferguson

paragraphs: Miriam A. Ferguson (born Miriam Amanda Wallace; June 13 1875 — June 25, 1961) was a politician in Texas. She was nicknamed "Ma" Ferguson. She became the Governor of Texas on two different occasions. She was the second woman governor that served the United States.

paragraphs: Ferguson was born in Bell County, Texas. She died of heart failure, age eighty six.


title: Christine Todd Whitman

paragraphs: Christine Todd Whitman (sometimes called Christie; born September 26, 1946) is a former American Republican Governor. She served New Jersey (January 1994 to January 2001). She was also the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency (2001-03). She is so far the only female governor from New Jersey.


title: Maggie Hassan

paragraphs: Margaret "Maggie" Hassan (before that: Margaret Wood; born February 27, 1958) is an American politician from New Hampshire. She is the U.S. Senator from New Hampshire. She previously served as the 81st governor of New Hampshire from 2013 to 2017. She was elected governor in November 2012 and reelected in November 2014.

paragraphs: In 2016, she ran for the U.S. Senate and unseated Kelly Ayotte, the Republican incumbent in New Hampshire. She narrowly won the election by less than 720 votes.

paragraphs: Hassan was born in Boston, Massachusetts.


title: Rocket Power

paragraphs: Rocket Power, was an American animated television series that was created by Arlene Klasky and Gabor Csupo. The series started on August 7, 1999 and ended on July 30, 2004. The show returned to "The '90s Are All That" programming block from December 23, 2013 until January 12, 2014.

paragraphs: The series is about four friends Oswald "Otto" Rocket (10-11 years old in season 1, 12 years old in season 2 and 13-15 years old since season 3), Regina "Reggie" Rocket (11-12 years old in season 1, 13 years old in season 2 and 14-16 years old since season 3), Maurice "Twister" Rodriguez (10-11 years old in season 1, 12 years old in season 2 and 13-15 years old since season 3) (Otto's 1st best friend), and Sam "Squid" Dullard (10-11 years old in season 2, 12 years old in season 2 and 13-15 years old since season 3) (Otto's 2nd best friend) that play extreme sports and live in the fictional Southern California town of Ocean Shores.


paragraphs: The Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (ATF) is a federal law enforcement group. The ATF became its own organization on January 17, 2003, after it was proposed in the Homeland Security Act of 2002. They are a branch of the United States Department of Justice. The ATF actively prevents dangerous criminals and criminal organizations from illegally trafficking firearms and explosives, illegal storage of explosives, arson, bombings, and acts of arson, as well as stopping the illegal sale of alcohol and tobacco.


title: Beykent University

paragraphs: Beykent University () is a university in Istanbul, Turkey.


paragraphs: The Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act (RICO) is an American federal law. This law allows extended criminal penalties and civil actions for criminal networks. RICO means that the leaders of any group can be tried for crimes if they forced others do the crimes or help with the crimes.

paragraphs: RICO started in 1970. Many different groups have been threatened with lawsuits or sued under this law.


title: Carlos Borges

paragraphs: Carlos Ariel Borges (14 January 1932 – 5 February 2014) was an Uruguayan footballer. Borges is best known for scoring the first goal ever in a Copa Libertadores.

paragraphs: He earned 35 caps and scored 10 goals for the Uruguay national football team from 1954 to 1959. He played in the 1954 FIFA World Cup when Uruguay finished fourth, as he scored four goals including a hat-trick against Scotland. During his club career he played for C.A. Peñarol.


title: Louan Gideon

paragraphs: Louan Gideon (November 12, 1955 - February 3, 2014) was an American actress. She is best known for her role as Danielle Atron in "The Secret World of Alex Mack". She was also in "Search for Tomorrow".

paragraphs: Gideon died on February 3, 2014 in Asheville, North Carolina from cancer, aged 58.


title: Louise Brough

paragraphs: Althea Louise Brough Clapp (March 11, 1923 – February 3, 2014) was an American tennis player, once ranked world no. 1.

paragraphs: She was born in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma but moved to Beverly Hills, California when she was four years old.

paragraphs: Brough Clapp appeared in six singles finals at the U.S. Championships, but won only in 1947. She had a match point at 6–5 in the third set of the 1948 final against duPont. She also had three match points in the 1954 final against Hart, the first at 5–4 in the third set and two more at 6–5 in that set.

paragraphs: She was inducted in the International Tennis Hall of Fame in 1967.

paragraphs: Brough died at her home in Vista, California, on February 3, 2014, at the age of 90.


title: Benny the Bull

paragraphs: Benny the Bull, commonly known as Benny, is the mascot of the Chicago Bulls of the National Basketball Association. He has been the official mascot since 1969. Benny is one of the longest-tenured mascots in the NBA and in all of professional sports.

paragraphs: For more than 40 years, Benny the Bull has been entertaining Chicago Bulls fans, first at Chicago Stadium (1969–1994), and then at the United Center (1994–present). In 2013, Benny was named the most popular mascot in sports by Forbes.

paragraphs: He wears a jersey with the name "Benny" with the number "1" above on his back. Benny sports several different costumes based on the theme of the game as well as his overall "mood". Benny the Bull can also do many different kinds of dances.


title: Chicago Stadium

paragraphs: The Chicago Stadium (nicknamed the 'Madhouse on Madison') was an indoor sports arena and theater in Chicago, Illinois. It opened in 1929, and closed in 1994. It was demolished in 1995 because the Chicago Blackhawks and Chicago Bulls moved to the United Center.

paragraphs: Michael Jordan played his prime years and the Bulls won their first three championships while using Chicago Stadium.

paragraphs: The Stadium hosted the Chicago Blackhawks of the NHL from 1929–1994 and the Chicago Bulls of the NBA from 1967–1994.

paragraphs: The arena was the site of the first NFL playoff game in 1932; the 1932, 1940, and 1944 Democratic National Conventions; and the 1932 and 1944 Republican National Conventions.

paragraphs: The Chicago Blackhawks, also previously known as the Chicago Stadium Corporation, and not the Bulls, are the actual owners of both Chicago Stadium and the United Center.


title: Wesley Willis

paragraphs: Wesley Willis (May 31, 1963 – August 21, 2003) was an American singer-songwriter and visual artist from Chicago.

paragraphs: Willis began a career as an underground singer-songwriter in the outsider music tradition, with songs featuring his bizarre, humorous and often obscene lyrics sung over the auto accompaniment feature on his Technics KN electronic keyboard.

paragraphs: On August 21, 2003, Willis died due to complications from chronic myelogenous leukemia in Skokie, Illinois. He was 40 years old.


title: Richard Appel

paragraphs: Richard James "Rich" Appel (born May 21, 1963) is an American writer, producer and former lawyer. He is best known for writing and producing Fox animated sitcoms such as "Family Guy", "American Dad!", and "The Simpsons". He also co-created "The Cleveland Show" with Seth MacFarlane and Mike Henry.

paragraphs: Appel was born in New York City, New York and grew up in Wilmette, Illinois. He graduated from Harvard University. While at Harvard, he wrote for "The Harvard Lampoon" with Conan O'Brien and Greg Daniels. He originally worked as a lawyer. He began a career in television writing in 1994. Appel married author Mona Simpson in 1993. They had two children together before divorcing.


title: Kate Pierson

paragraphs: Catherine Elizabeth "Kate" Pierson (born April 27, 1948) is an American musician and singer. She was one of the members of The B-52's. She does rock and new wave music. She also sang with other bands.

paragraphs: Pierson was born in Weehawken, New Jersey.


title: B*Witched

paragraphs: B*Witched are a girl group from Ireland. The group has four female singers. They sing pop and dancing music. Their songs, including "C'est la Vie" and "Rollercoaster", were successful in the United Kingdom. They had other songs.

paragraphs: The group broke up in 2002. They got together again in 2012.


title: Vasiľ Biľak

paragraphs: Vasiľ Biľak (11 August 1917 – 6 February 2014) was a Slovak communist leader.

paragraphs: He was born in Krajná Bystrá, Austria-Hungary. His family were Rusyns. He first worked as a tailor and then became a politician. First, from 1955 until 1971, he was a member of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Slovakia (ÚV KSS). Biľak was, from November 1968 until December 1988, a secretary of ÚV KSČ with important impact on the foreign policy of the party. From 1960 until 1989, he was a part of the National Assembly, later the Federal Assembly.

paragraphs: Vasiľ Biľak died on 6 February 2014 in Bratislava, Slovakia. He was aged 96.


title: John Ostrom

paragraphs: John Harold Ostrom (February 18, 1928 – July 16, 2005) was an American paleontologist.

paragraphs: In the 1960s, he showed that dinosaurs are more like big non-flying birds than they are like lizards (or "saurians"). Thomas Henry Huxley in the 1860s had thought birds evolved from dinosaurs, based on a comparison of "Archaeopteryx" with "Compsognathus". Huxley's idea was later discarded, mainly because Heilmann, in 1926, had different views.

paragraphs: The first of Ostrom's reviews of the osteology and phylogeny of the primitive bird "Archaeopteryx" appeared in 1976. After the modern discoveries of fossil dinobirds in China, the HuxleyOstrom theory was accepted by almost all palaeontologists.

paragraphs: Ostrom was a professor at Yale University. He was the Curator Emeritus of vertebrate paleontology at the Peabody Museum of Natural History, which has an impressive fossil collection started by Othniel Charles Marsh. He died from complications of Alzheimer's disease.

paragraphs: His 1964 discovery of "Deinonychus" was one of the most important fossil finds in history. "Deinonychus" was an active predator that clearly killed its prey by leaping and slashing or stabbing with its "terrible claw". Evidence of a truly active lifestyle included long strings of tendons running along the tail, making it a stiff counterbalance for jumping and running. The conclusion that at least some dinosaurs had a high metabolism, and were therefore warm-blooded, was popularized by his student Robert Bakker. This helped to change the impression of dinosaurs as the sluggish, slow, cold-blooded lizards which had prevailed since the turn of the century.

paragraphs: This changed how dinosaurs are seen by both professional dinosaur illustrators, and by the public. The find is also credited with triggering the "dinosaur renaissance", a term coined in a 1975 issue of "Scientific American" by Bakker. It describes the renewed interest in paleontology, which has lasted from the 1970s to the present.

paragraphs: Ostrom's interest in the dinosaur-bird connection started with his study of what is now known as the Haarlem "Archaeopteryx". Discovered in 1855, it was actually the first specimen recovered but, incorrectly labeled as "Pterodactylus crassipes", it languished in the Teyler's Museum in the Netherlands until Ostrom's 1970 paper (and 1972 description) correctly identified it as one of only eight "first birds" (counting the solitary feather).

paragraphs: Ostrom also studied fossilized trackways of the duckbilled dinosaur "Hadrosaurus". He decided they traveled in herds. To this extent they were social animals like many birds and mammals, but unlike lizards.


title: Maya Plisetskaya

paragraphs: Maya Mikhaylovna Plisetskaya (; 20 November 1925 – 2 May 2015) was a Russian ballerina, choreographer, director and actress. She was born in Moscow, Soviet Union.

paragraphs: Plisetskaya gained an interest in ballet at a young age and was active during the Soviet period. She has been called by some, such as Nikita Khrushchev, one of the best ballerinas of all time. She was married to composer and pianist Rodion Shchedrin from 1958 until her death.

paragraphs: Plisetskaya was born in Moscow, Russia to Lithuanian Jewish parents. Her mother, Rachel Messerer, was a silent movie actress and her father, Mikhail Plisetski, was a diplomat. She studied at the Bolshoi Theater.

paragraphs: In 1938, her father was arrested and later executed during the Stalinist purges. Her mother was arrested soon after and, with Maya's seven-month-old baby brother, sent to a gulag in Kazakhstan for the next three years. Plisetskaya was taken in by her maternal aunt (a ballerina) until her mother was released in 1941.

paragraphs: During the years without her parents, and barely a teenager, Plisetskaya "faced terror, war, and dislocation". As a result, "Maya took refuge in ballet and the Bolshoi Theatre".

paragraphs: For many years she was not allowed to tour outside the Soviet Union. This ban was lifted in 1959 by Nikita Khrushchev.

paragraphs: Able to travel the world as a member of the Bolshoi, her skill as a dancer was widely recognised. It set a high standard for ballerinas in technique and dramatic presence. Khrushchev allowed her to go on the Bolshoi tour in New York and he was immensely satisfied upon reading the reviews of her performances. He embraced her on her return.

paragraphs: Within a few years, she was recognized as “an international superstar” and a continuous “box office hit throughout the world”. The Soviet Union treated her as a favored cultural emissary, as “the dancer who did not defect”. Although she toured extensively during the years that other dancers defected, including Rudolph Nureyev, Natalia Makarova and Mikhail Baryshnikov, Plisetskaya always returned to Russia.

paragraphs: Plisetskaya explains that for her generation, and her family in particular, defecting was a moral issue. She had once asked her mother why their family didn't leave the Soviet Union when they had the chance, at the time living in Norway. Her mother said “Misha would never have been a traitor”.

paragraphs: Plisetskaya married composer Rodion Shchedrin in 1958. They lived in Munich, Germany. She was close friends with Robert F. Kennedy. Plisetskaya was a naturalized citizen of Lithuania and Spain.

paragraphs: Plisetskaya died in Munich, Germany on 2 May 2015 from a heart attack, aged 89.

paragraphs: Plisetskaya was given many awards by the Soviet Union, and by Russia. Of special note were:


title: Brent Hayden

paragraphs: Brent Matthew Hayden (born October 21, 1983 in Mission, British Columbia) is a Canadian retired swimmer.

paragraphs: During the 100-metre freestyle event at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London he won the bronze medal for Canada. He became the first Canadian in 21 years to win a gold medal at the World Aquatics Championships. He was also the first Canadian to appear in the 100-metre final at the Olympics since Dick Pound appeared at the 1960 Summer Olympics. He was also the first Canadian to win an Olympic medal in the 100 m event.

paragraphs: After the men's 4 × 100-metre medley relay at the Olympics, Hayden announced that he was retiring. He said he believed in the Canadian swim team to thrive in the future, saying that "I think in the grand scheme of things, with the people we have, we’ve done an amazing job … As long as we keep that momentum building, I think we’re going to see more success come from more diverse events."


title: Zhucheng fossil site

paragraphs: The Zhucheng fossil site is in Zhucheng, a city in the Shandong Province of China. It is perhaps the greatest treasury of dinosaur fossils found in the 20th century.

paragraphs: Zhucheng has been an important site for dinosaur excavation since 1960. The local community used the calcium-rich fossils for traditional village remedies used to treat muscle cramps and other minor ailments.

paragraphs: The world's largest hadrosaur fossil was found in Zhucheng in the 1980s, and is on display in the local museum. Scientists have collected more than of fossils since 1960.

paragraphs: Many dinosaur bones were smuggled out of the city. In 2008 Australia returned hundreds of kilograms of Chinese dinosaur fossils, including dinosaur fossil eggs. These fossils were recovered during a sting operation carried out on warehouses and cargo containers.

paragraphs: The palaeontologists believe they have found one of the biggest sites of dinosaur remains from a massive excavation pit. The fossilized bones date to the Upper Cretaceous just before to the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event. The findings also include the remains of a 20 meter (66 ft) hadrosaurid, a record size for the duck-billed dinosaur. A fossilized skull of a large ceratopsian was also found along with bones which belong to club-tailed ankylosaurs.

paragraphs: Such a high concentration of fossil bones in such a small area suggests they died together and suddenly. Scientists believe a volcanic eruption may have killed the dinosaurs, and a subsequent flood carried the fossils to Zhucheng, which may have been a wetland covered in grass.

paragraphs: The local authorities in Shandong are making plans to set up a fossil park in the area.


title: Tamina Snuka

paragraphs: Sarona Reiher (born January 10, 1978) better known by her ring name Tamina Snuka, is an American professional wrestler. She is curretly wrestling for the WWE. She is the daughter of WWE Hall of Famer Jimmy "Superfly" Snuka.

paragraphs: On the May 24, 2010 episode of "Raw", Reiher debuted along with Jimmy and Jey Uso. On the September 28, 2013 episode of "SmackDown", she began accompanying WWE Divas champion AJ Lee to the ring. She currently teams with her and acts as her bodyguard.


title: Royal Highness

paragraphs: Royal Highness is a style of address traditionally used to address or refer to members of the royal families. This address is usually for princes, other than monarchs, and their female . This style ranks below that of Imperial Highness. Historically the term was first used by Gaston, Duke of Orléans, younger son of King Henry IV of France. He encountered this style in Brussels and used it himself. His children later used the style, considering it their right as grandchildren of France. In contradiction to other European kingdoms, the kingdom of Denmark reserves the superior style of Royal Highness only to the children of the monarch and the children of the crown prince; other grandchildren of a Danish monarch enjoy the style of Highness, e.g. Princess Elisabeth of Denmark.


HI


title: Metre Convention

paragraphs: The Metre Convention is the treaty that set up the International Bureau of Weights and Measures (BIPM). The BIPM is an inter-governmental organization that is responsible for harmonizing systems of measurement across the world. The treaty was first made in 1875 between 17 countries.

paragraphs: The member countries agreed to share the costs of running a laboratory on neutral territory. The international prototype metre and the international prototype kilogram would be kept at the laboratory. Member state's national prototype metres and kilograms would be compared with the international prototypes at regular intervals. Member states would have regular meetings to discuss developments in measurement technology.

paragraphs: In 1921 the treaty was extended to cover electrical and all other physical measurements. This enabled the BIPM to published the standards for the International System of Units (SI). Under SI, units of measurements that are used in science and engineering were defined in a logical manner. The rules for SI also standardized the way in which physical quantities are written.

paragraphs: In 2014 the BIPM had 55 member countries.

paragraphs: The metric system was developed in France in the 1790s. The length of the metre was made to be one ten millionth of the distance between the North Pole and the equator. Between 1791 and 1798 the French men Delambre (a mathematician and astronomer) and Méchain (an astronomer) measured the distance between Dunkirk and Barcelona. The measurements were used to make a metal bar exactly 443.296 "lignes" long (the "ligne" is an old French unit of length equal to one twelfth of a French inch). The bar would be used as a standard for the metre. The bar was later called the "metre des archives". By the 1860s it was found that the "metre des archives" was 0.03% shorter than it was supposed to have been.

paragraphs: The Great Exhibition in London in 1851 and the Paris International Exhibition in 1867 had shown the need for different nations to use the same units of measurement. In the 1860s there were many discussions by astronomers and surveyors from outside France whether they should use the "metre des archives" or whether they should use a "new metre" that took account of the 0.03% error. Prussia took the lead in organizing conferences in Berlin to discuss the matter. France did not take part in the conferences. Before any actions could be taken the Franco-Prussian War broke out. Prussia defeated France and the German Empire was formed.

paragraphs: In 1875 France invited representatives to Paris to discuss the matter. This helped France to score a diplomatic victory over Prussia and the German Empire.

paragraphs: The treaty was signed by seventeen of the countries at the conference in Paris on 20 May 1875. The United Kingdom and the Netherlands went to the conference but did not sign the treaty at that time. After further consideration, the United Kingdom did sign the treaty in 1884.

paragraphs: The organization set up by the treaty was the International Bureau of Weights and Measures. Its French name is "Bureau international des poids et mesures". Its abbreviation is BIPM. The BIPM has its headquarters at the Pavillon de Breteuil, Sèvres, France (close to Paris). About 70 people work at the BIPM. The budget for 2013 was over €10 million ($12 million).

paragraphs: The three organisations were set up under the treaty. They are:

paragraphs: The Bureau has responsibility for safeguarding the international prototype kilogram.

paragraphs: The official language for the organisations is French. Until 1988 all reports of meetings were only published in French. Since then both English and French have been used. Abbreviations are based on the French words, not English words. Official communications between the BIPM and France are conducted via the French Foreign Ministry. Official communications with other countries are conducted via that country's embassy in Paris.

paragraphs: The General Conference on Weights and Measures was set up under the Metre Convention as an organ of the BIPM. It gives the BIPM its mandate and budget on behalf of the member states. Its French name is "Conférence générale des poids et mesures". Its abbreviation is "CGPM".

paragraphs: The CGPM meets every four to six years. The first meeting was in 1889 and the 24th meeting was in 2011. Each member state has one vote. France is represented by its foreign minister and by the president of the French Academy. The French Foreign minister is the chairman of the opening and closing sessions of any CGPM session. The president of the French Academy is the chairman of other meetings of the CGPM.

paragraphs: The International Committee for Weights and Measures was set up under the Metre Convention as an organ of the BIPM. It advises the CGPM and supervise the BIPM. Its French name is "Comité international des poids et mesures". Its abbreviation is CIPM.

paragraphs: The CGPM has 18 members. These members are well-known measurement experts who are elected by the CGPM. They must all come from different countries. One of the CIPM members must be French. They meet once or twice a year in Paris. The CIPM is assisted by a number of Consultative Committees. In February 2014 there were ten such committees. Nine of the committees are dedicated to special types of measurement such as Electricity and Magnetism, Length, Photometry and Radiometry, Thermometry and Time and Frequency. The CIPM appoints people to these committees.

paragraphs: The tenth committee is called the Consultative Committee for Units (CCU). Its chairman is appointed by the CIPM. Other members of the committee are appointed by other organizations. These organizations include International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). The CCU's task is to ensure that all the definitions of SI are consistent. It also drafts the SI standard which is called the "SI Brochure".

paragraphs: The BIPM's offices and laboratories art at the Pavillon de Breteuil, Sèvres, France (close to Paris).

paragraphs: The BIPM looks after the International Prototype Kilogram (IPK) for the CGPM. It provides laboratory services for the CGPM and CIPM. Member states use the BIPM laboratories when they check their own copy of the kilogram against the IPK. The BIPM offices are also the headquarters for the CGPM and CIPM.

paragraphs: In 1875 the convention only dealt with standardization of the kilogram and the metre. The convention was revised in 1921 to accommodate all physical measurements. In 1933 the CGPM approved efforts that were being made to merge electrical and photometry units into the metric system.

paragraphs: During the late nineteenth and early twentieth century many new units of measure were defined using the metric system. Units of measure used in electrostatic applications, electromagnetic applications and electrical distribution systems were incompatible with each other. The use of standard gravity in force and pressure definitions resulted in more units of measure being defined than were necessary.

paragraphs: After the Second World War the International Union of Pure and Applied Physics (IUPAP) and the French Government asked the BIPM to look into the matter. In 1948, the 9th CGPM asked the CIPM to conduct a study into units of measurement used by member states. The CIPM reported back and in 1954 the 10th CGPM decided to set up a new system of units. There would be six base units. These were the metre, kilogram, second, ampere, degree Kelvin (later renamed kelvin), and candela. The new system was published in 1960. The 11th CGPM named it the "International System of Units". The short name was "SI". This came from the French name, . The BIPM described SI as "the modern metric system".

paragraphs: Since 1960 the BIPM has made several refinements to SI. Some of the refinements include developing new ways of making high precision measurement. Other refinements include small changes to details of definitions.

paragraphs: The atomic clock has made very precise time-keeping possible. The earth is slowing down. A the "time of the dinosaurs" the earth rotated once every 23 hours. It is now possible to measure variations in the Earth's rotation caused by volcanoes and tsunamis. This is done by the International Earth Rotation Service (IERS). The IERS proposes leap seconds as and when these are needed. Under the Metre Convention, the BIPM has the task of coordinating over 200 atomic clocks around the world. These clocks are located in 50 different national laboratories.

paragraphs: Many measuring devices need to be recalibrated at regular intervals. These devices might be petrol pumps. They might be weighing scales. They might be complex medical equipment like MRI scanners. A certificate is issued when the device is recalibrated. The device that is used to do the calibration must itself be calibrated. These devices are often recalibrated in a national metrology laboratory. Legal problems can arise if a calibration done in one country is not recognised in another country.

paragraphs: Some countries are full members of the CGPM and have a vote at CGPM meetings. These countries have their own copy of the prototype kilogram. They also take part in the CIPM MRA program.

paragraphs: Other countries are associate members. They take part on the CIPM MRA program. They may speak at CGPM meetings but not to vote at these meetings. They do not have their own copies of the prototype kilogram.

paragraphs: At its 21st meeting (October 1999), the CGPM created the category of "associate" for those states not yet members of the BIPM and for economic unions.

paragraphs: The following international organisations have signed the CIPM MRA:


title: Western horse

paragraphs: The Western horse (or Equus occidentalis) was a species of horse that inhabited North America during the Pleistocene. It is now extinct.

paragraphs: It was a stoutly built animal. It resembled the extinct quagga or the modern zebra, although it was not a close relative of either or these species.


title: Tavastia (historical province)

paragraphs: Tavastia is an historical province in Finland.

paragraphs: Tavastia is now divided between four regions of Finland. These are Tavastia Proper, Päijänne Tavastia, Pirkanmaa and Central Finland.


title: Town & Country

paragraphs: Town & Country is a romantic comedy movie from 2001. This movie is about an architect named Porter whose life begins coming apart. The movie is also about deceitful friends. Goldie Hawn plays Mona Morris. Andie MacDowell plays Eugenie. Jenna Elfman plays Auburn.

paragraphs: The movie was released on April 27, 2001 by Warner Bros. The reviews were very negative. Both critics and audiences did not like this movie. It bombed in the box office. Its intake was only barely US$10.5 million over a budget of $90 million.


title: Imperial Highness

paragraphs: Imperial Highness is a style of address traditionally used by members of an emperor's family. It ranks as the highest and most prestigious style used among royalty. It outranks the style of Royal Highness. The style is often associated with the title of Crown Prince.


title: Diego Costa

paragraphs: Diego da Silva Costa (born 7 October 1988) is a Brazilian/Spanish footballer. He plays as a striker for Atletico Madrid and the Spanish national football team.

paragraphs: He was born in Brazil and played for the Brazil national football team for the first time in 2013. However, he then chose to play for Spain. This made the Brazil manager, Luiz Felipe Scolari, very angry. The Brazilian Football Confederation have even asked the country's government to remove Costa's citizenship.

paragraphs: In March 2014, Costa changed to the Spanish national team. This was when he was granted his Spanish citizenship. He made his first appearance against Italy and represented Spain in the 2014 FIFA World Cup.

paragraphs: Costa spent 2 years at Barcelona Esportivo Capela, from 2004 to 2006. After this, he then began his senior career in Portugal by joining Penafiel.

paragraphs: In the same year as joining Braga, he was sent on a loan spell to Penafiel. He played 13 league games with 5 goals.

paragraphs: In 2007, Costa joined Atletico Madrid for a fee of €1.5 million. Unfortunately, he didn't get a games due to loan spells.

paragraphs: Diego Costa remained at Braga in 2007 but on a loan spell. This time, he made 7 league appearances, but he failed to score a goal. In the UEFA Cup, he scored his first goal in a domestic cup against Parma F.C.

paragraphs: He was then loaned to Celta for the 2007-08 Segunda Division season. In that season, he made an impressive 30 appearances and scored 5 goals.

paragraphs: Staying in the Segunda Division, he then joined on loan Albacete Balompie for the 2008-09 season. At this loan spell, he made 35 league appearances and 9 goals.

paragraphs: Costa was bought by Valladoid from Atletico Madrid in 2009 Transfer Window. In this 2009-10 season, he made 34 league appearances with 8 goals. But it wasn't enough to keep Valladolid in La Liga, the top division in Spain. Valladolid was eventually relegated to the Segunda División.

paragraphs: Costa returned to Atletico in June 2010 for an undisclosed fee. Since then, Costa has made a superb 94 league appearances and 43 league goals during his 4 year spell with the club. In his time, he suffered with a few injuries during his time. This include his hamstring injury he suffered near to the end of the 2013-14 La Liga season.

paragraphs: On 1 July 2014, it was announced that Chelsea had agreed a fee with Atletico to sign Costa for a fee of £32 million. He made his first league appearance against Burnley in a game which he scored in for Chelsea to win 3-1.

paragraphs: During his international career, he started with the Brazilian National Team in 2013. He only made 2 appearances with no goals. But controversy was created when Costa was granted a Spanish Citizernship in 2014. Then, Costa adopted Spain as his national side. He made his debut against Italy on the 5 March 2014, Spain won 1-0. Costa was called-up to play for Spain in the 2014 FIFA World Cup. He started for both of the first two games of Spain's torlument against Holland and Chile, but was rested against Australia. Spain lost 5-1 against Holland And 2-0 against Chile. They did win 3-0 against Australia in their final group game, but it wasn't enough to keep them to progess into the knock out phases. Costa is still yet to score a goal for Spain during his time playing as a striker for the national side.


title: The Fault in Our Stars

paragraphs: The Fault in Our Stars is a 2012 novel by young adult author John Green.

paragraphs: The book follows the story of sixteen year old Hazel Grace Lancaster, who has cancer. Her parents make her go to a support group, where she meets a boy named Augustus Waters, who she falls in love with.

paragraphs: It has been made into a movie of the same name, which was released on June 6, 2014.


title: Koke

paragraphs: Koke (born Jorge Resurección Meredio in Madrid on 8 January 1992) is a Spanish footballer. He plays as a midfielder for Atlético Madrid. He played for the Spain national football team at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London.


title: Gomphothere

paragraphs: The Gomphotheres were a varied family of extinct elephant-like animals (proboscidea) the Gomphotheriidae. They had a wide distribution. They were common in North America during the Miocene and Pliocene epochs, 121.6 million years ago. Some lived in parts of Eurasia, Beringia and, after the Great American Interchange, South America.

paragraphs: Beginning about 5 million years ago, they were gradually replaced by modern elephants. The last two South American species, in the genus "Cuvieronius", did not become extinct until about 9000 years ago. "Stegomastodon" remains have been dated as recently as 6,000 years ago in the Valle del Magdalena, Colombia. Gomphotheres also survived in Mexico and Central America until the end of the Pleistocene.


title: 22 Jump Street

paragraphs: 22 Jump Street is a 2014 criminal comedy movie. The movie is about two police officers who go undercover at a fraternity. Their friendship is pushed to the limit. Channing Tatum plays Jenko. Jonah Hill plays Morton.

paragraphs: The movie picks up from where the first movie left off. It was released in June 2014.


title: Brie Larson

paragraphs: Brianne Sidonie Desaulniers, known professionally as Brie Larson, (born inSacramento, California, October 1, 1989) is an American musician, singer, actress, director and screenwriter.

paragraphs: She played Molly in the 2012 movie version of "21 Jump Street". She also played Envy in "Scott Pilgrim vs. the World". Larson won the Academy Award for Best Actress for her role as Ma in the 2015 movie "Room".


title: Serene Highness

paragraphs: Serene Highness is a style of address used by several princely and noble families throughout present-day Europe. It has also been used historically. It ranks below Royal Highness and Imperial Highness.


Spoof


Carat


title: Revolver

paragraphs: A revolver is a type of gun. Revolvers are repeating firearms with a cylinder that spins. Revolvers have several chambers each holding one cartridge. Most are handguns, but other types of weapons also use revolving cylinders. They are also called revolving guns, though "revolver" is used far more often. The first revolvers date back to late 1500s in Europe. It was not until the 1700s or 1800s, however, they became affordable. Revolvers are sometimes used by law enforcement agencies. On some occasions, these guns can be reset by one hand, then loaded with the other.

paragraphs: In a single-action revolver, the hammer is manually cocked. This is usually done with the thumb. This action turns the cylinder to the next cartridge. It also locks the cylinder in place with the chamber aligned with the barrel. The trigger, when pulled, releases the hammer, which fires the round in the chamber. To fire again, the hammer must be manually cocked again. This is called "single-action" because the trigger only performs a single action—that of releasing the hammer. Because only a single action is performed and trigger pull is very light, firing a revolver in this way allows most shooters to achieve greater accuracy. Additionally, the need to cock the hammer manually acts as a safety. The gun will not fire unless the hammer is cocked back. The Colt Paterson Revolver, the Walker Colt, the Colt's Dragoon and the Colt Single Action Army pistol of the American Frontier era are all good examples of this system.

paragraphs: In double-action, the stroke of the trigger pull generates three actions:

paragraphs: Double-action means that a cocking action separate from the trigger pull is not needed. Every trigger pull causes a complete cycle and a bullet is fired. This allows the gun to be carried uncocked. It also allows the gun to be drawn from the holster and fired using only the trigger. However, a double-action revolver has a longer and harder trigger pull. However, this drawback can also be viewed as a safety feature, as the gun is safer against accidental discharges from being dropped.

paragraphs: Most double-action revolvers may be fired in two ways.


title: Simon Baker

paragraphs: Simon Baker (born 30 July 1969) is an Australian actor and director. He is best known for his roles as Nicholas Fallin on "The Guardian" and Patrick Jane on "The Mentalist". Baker was born in Launceston, Tasmania. He was first raised in New Guinea and then Ballina, New South Wales. He began a career in acting in 1988.

paragraphs: Baker married actress Rebecca Rigg in 1998. They live together in Los Angeles, California and have three children.

paragraphs: Baker was nominated for an Emmy Award for "The Mentalist" in 2009.


title: Nursultan Nazarbayev

paragraphs: Nursultan Äbishuly Nazarbayev (; born 6 July 1940) is a Kazakh politician who served as the first President of Kazakhstan from 1990 to 2019.

paragraphs: Nazarbayev has been the president since December 1991, when Kazakhstan became independent of the Soviet Union. He has been the country's leader since 1989. This is when he was named First Secretary of the Communist Party of the Kazakh SSR. In April 2011, Nazarbayev was re-elected to another five-year term.

paragraphs: In February 2014 he proposed renaming Kazakhstan to "Kazakh Eli". In 2006 he rewrote the words to "My Kazakhstan" which was then accepted as the country's national anthem. Shortly after his resignation as president the capital city was named after him in his honour.


title: Kim Il-sung Square

paragraphs: Kim Il-sung Square is the national square of North Korea. It is in the capital Pyongyang next to the Taedong River. The square is used for military parades and performances for national holidays. Around the square are national institutions that include stairs with chairs overlooking the square.


title: George Houvardas

paragraphs: George Houvardas (born 1982) is an Australian actor. He is best known for his role as Nick "Carbo" Karandonis on the Seven Network television program "Packed to the Rafters".

paragraphs: Houvardas was born in Sydney, New South Wales and is of Greek origin. He began a career in television acting in 2008. He lives in Sydney.


title: Loudness war

paragraphs: The loudness war is a negative term that describes the apparent competition to release albums that are increasingly loud. Albums that are "victims of the loudness war" have less good sound quality because the dynamic range has been compressed to make the music louder. Examples of albums that are victims of the loudness war include "Death Magnetic" by Metallica. Record producer Charles Dye started an organization called Turn Me Up! that campaigns to give musicians the choice to make albums with bigger dynamic ranges. In March 2010, mastering engineer Ian Shepherd organised the first Dynamic Range Day.


title: Eritherium

paragraphs: Eritherium is an extinct genus of early Proboscidean. It was discovered in Morocco. It was first named by Emmanuel Gheerbrant in 2009 and the type species is "Eritherium azzouzorum". Eritherium is the oldest, smallest and most primitive known elephant relative.

paragraphs: The phosphate bed where the remains were found places the animal's age as 61.1 to 57.8 million years ago.

paragraphs: "Eritherium" is the oldest known representative of the Proboscideans. It has not been assigned to any family in the order. "Eritherium" is the sister clade to "Phosphatherium", "Numidotherium" and "Moeritherium". This is one of the most complete evolutionary sequences of early mammalian radiations after the K/T extinction event. Thus, the elephants are one of the oldest "modern" mammal orders to have survived.


title: SummerSlam (2012)

paragraphs: SummerSlam (2012) was a professional wrestling pay-per-view show made by WWE. It was held on August 19, 2012 at the Staples Center in Los Angeles, California. It was the twenty-fifth yearly SummerSlam event that was held by the WWE.


title: Voluntary Human Extinction Movement

paragraphs: The Voluntary Human Extinction Movement (VHEMT) is an environmental movement. It was started in 1991 by the American activist Les U. Knight. Knight says that the human population is too big for the Earth, so humans should choose to stop reproducing.


title: Cylinder (firearms)

paragraphs: A cylinder, in firearms terminology, is the cylindrical, rotating part of a revolver. The cylinder has multiple cartridges chambers. The cylinder revolves around a central shaft in the revolver. This is to bring each individual chamber into alignment with the barrel for firing. Each time the gun is cocked (made ready to fire), the cylinder rotates by one chamber making the pistol ready to fire again.

paragraphs: Cylinders typically hold six cartridges—which is why revolvers are sometimes called "six shooters". But some small frame revolvers only hold five cartridges, due to the smaller overall size of the gun. Several models of .22 rimfire caliber revolvers have cylinders holding nine or ten rounds. As a general rule, cylinders are not designed to be removed from the firearm except for cleaning. A speedloader or moon clip can be used with some revolvers for rapid reloading.


title: Apomixis

paragraphs: Apomixis is reproduction where only one parent passes genes to the offspring. Apomictically produced offspring are genetically identical to the parent (clones).

paragraphs: The method is most seen in plants, especially flowering plants. Brambles (blackberry) are apomictic. Some authorities give "reproduction by special tissues without fertilisation", or "asexual formation of a seed from the maternal tissues of the ovule, avoiding meiosis and fertilization, leading to embryo development".

paragraphs: Apomixis includes some methods which are more common in animals, such as parthenogenesis.

paragraphs: In botany, apomixis was defined by Hans Winkler as the replacement of the normal sexual reproduction by asexual reproduction, without fertilization.

paragraphs: Horticulture methods, such as propagation from cuttings or leaves, is not apomixis. "Natural replacement of the seed by an asexual method" is apomixis.


title: Kat Bjelland

paragraphs: Katherine "Kat" Lynne Bjelland (born December 9, 1963) is an American singer. She became known as the singer of the punk rock band Babes in Toyland. In 2001 the band broke up. That year Bjelland released an album as part of Katastrophy Wife. Since then Katastrophy Wife has released one more album.

paragraphs: Bjelland was born in Oregon. Her parents divorced when she was young. Bjelland said that her stepmother was "abusive" and that her mother beat her. When Bjelland was in second grade she was bought an acoustic guitar after she asked for one.

paragraphs: In 1982 Bjelland moved to Portland, Oregon. There she formed a series of bands. The Neurotics was the first. In 1981 Bjelland started Sugar Babydoll with her friend Courtney Love. Bjelland and Love made a new band called Pagan Babies around 1985. They made a demo tape of four songs. Bjelland wrote songs inspired by the punk rock band Frightwig. Love said, "you're never going to get anywhere playing that punk rock noise" and left the band. In 1986 Bjelland started The Italian Whorenuns.

paragraphs: In 1987 Bjelland started Babes in Toyland. The band released their first album, "Spanking Machine", in 1990.

paragraphs: In 1993 Babes in Toyland performed at the Lollapalooza tour. Bjelland started a band with her husband Glenn Mattson called Crunt. In 1994 they released an album, "Crunt". In 1995 Bjelland divorced her husband and Crunt broke up. In 1999 Bjelland started Katastrophy Wife. Babes in Toyland broke up in 2001.


title: Die Antwoord

paragraphs: Die Antwoord (Afrikaans: "The Answer") is a South African rap band. The main singers are Yolandi Visser and her husband Ninja. They released their first album "$O$" in 2009. In 2012 their second album "Ten$ion" was released. Four singles were released from the album.


title: Orizaba

paragraphs: Orizaba is a city and municipality in the Mexican state of Veracruz. It is 20 km west of its twin city Córdoba. It sits at the base of Pico de Orizaba, the highest peak in Mexico. It is also a volcano with a perfectly shaped snow-covered cone. The city had a 2005 census population of 117,273 and occupies almost the same area as its small municipality. The municipality includes a few small areas outside the city. It has an area of 27.97 km² (10.799 sq mi).

paragraphs: It was an important town during the Spanish colonization of the Americas. On January 27, 1774, the Spanish king Carlos III gave town status to Orizaba, and on November 29, 1830 Orizaba was declared a city.


title: Antonio Cafiero

paragraphs: Antonio Francisco Cafiero (September 12, 1922 – October 13, 2014) was an Argentine politician. He was the Governor of the Buenos Aires Province from 1987 through 1991. He was also its Senator from 1993 to 2005.

paragraphs: Cafiero was born on September 12, 1922 in Buenos Aires, Argentina. He studied at the University of Buenos Aires. Cafiero died on October 13, 2014 of pneumonia in Buenos Aires, aged 92.


title: Abd El Aziz Muhammad Hegazi

paragraphs: Abd El Aziz Muhammad Hegazi (also known as Abdulaziz Hijazi) ( (3 January 1923 – 22 December 2014) was prime minister of Egypt for a year.

paragraphs: Hegazy served as Minister of the Treasury 1968 to 1972, and Minister of Finance and Foreign Trade 1973 to 1974. He was prime minister from 25 September 1974 to 16 April 1975.


title: Lee Teng-hui

paragraphs: Lee Teng-hui (15 January 1923 – 30 July 2020), sometimes called the "father of Taiwan's democracy", was a politician of the Republic of China (commonly known as Taiwan). He was the President of the Republic of China and Chairman of the Kuomintang (KMT) from 1988 to 2000.

paragraphs: Lee died of sepsis caused by multiple organ failure in Taipei on 30 July 2020, aged 97.


title: Belisario Betancur

paragraphs: Belisario Betancur Cuartas (4 February 1923 – 7 December 2018) was an Colombian politician. He was the 26th President of Colombia from 1982 to 1986.

paragraphs: Betancur was born on 4 February 1923 in Amagá, Antioquia, Colombia. He studied at Pontifical Bolivarian University. Betancur died on 7 December 2018 in Bogotá from a kidney infection at the age of 95.


title: Reginald Palmer

paragraphs: Sir Reginald Oswald Palmer, GCMG, (15 February 1923 – 23 May 2016) was the Governor-General of Grenada from 6 August 1992 to 8 August 1996.

paragraphs: Palmer retired from public service in 1980 and entered the private sector, serving two terms as President of the Grenada Employer's Federation.


title: Disney Junior

paragraphs: Disney Junior, is an American digital cable and satellite television network. It is part of The Walt Disney Company. It is for children between one and eight years old. It shows first-run children's television shows, movies and made-for-DVD movies. It follows Playhouse Disney, which aired from April 6, 1997 to February 13, 2011.

paragraphs: The name Disney Junior is also used for a morning and early afternoon program seen on the Disney Channel, branded as "Disney Junior on Disney Channel".


title: Ioannis Grivas

paragraphs: Ioannis Grivas (; 23 February 1923 – 27 November 2016) was a Greek judge and politician. Grivas was the 87th Prime Minister of Greece. He served as a non-party interim Prime Minister.

paragraphs: Grivas was born in Kato Tithorea, Tithorea, Phthiotis in the region of Lokris. He studied at the University of Athens. Grivas died on 27 November 2016 in Athens, aged 93.


title: Rafael Addiego Bruno

paragraphs: Rafael Addiego Bruno (February 23, 1923 – February 20, 2014) was a Uruguayan jurist and political figure. He was President of Uruguay from February to March 1985.


title: César Gaviria

paragraphs: César Augusto Gaviria Trujillo (; born 31 March 1947) is a Colombian economist and politician. He was the 28th President of Colombia from 1990 to 1994 under the Colombian Liberal Party.

paragraphs: Gaviria was born on 31 March 1947 in Pereira, Risaralda. He studied at the University of the Andes until 1969.


title: Aziz Ansari

paragraphs: Aziz Ansari (born February 23, 1983) is an American actor and comedian. He is best known for his role as Tom Haverford on the NBC television program "Parks and Recreation". He is also a movie actor, appearing in "Funny People" (2009), "I Love You, Man" (2009), "Observe and Report" (2009), and "30 Minutes or Less" (2011).

paragraphs: Ansari was born in Columbia, South Carolina. He is the son of an Indian Tamil Muslim family. He started acting after graduating from the New York University in 2004. He lives in Los Angeles, California and is an atheist.


title: Georgina Henry

paragraphs: Georgina Clare Henry (8 June 1960 – 7 February 2014) was a British journalist. She worked with "The Guardian". She held several senior positions at the newspaper.

paragraphs: Henry was born in Aden, Yemen (then a British colony) on 8 June 1960. Henry was educated at Cranbrook School, Kent and King's College London where she read history. At King's College she met Ronan Bennett, subsequently a writer, who became her life-long partner.

paragraphs: Henry died on 7 February 2014 in London, England from eye cancer, aged 53.


title: Marty Plissner

paragraphs: Martin Plissner (1926 – February 6, 2014) was an American political commentator. He worked for CBS News from 1964 until his retirement in 1996. He first began his job during the United States presidential election, 1964 during Robert F. Kennedy's campaign. He was known for first using the phrase "too close to call".

paragraphs: Plissner was born in 1926 in Brooklyn, New York City. He studied at Yale University. Plissner served in the United States Navy during World War II. He was married to Susan Morrison until his death. They had two daughters. He had one son from a last marriage. Plissner lived in Washington, D.C..

paragraphs: Plissner died on February 6, 2014 in Washington, D.C. from lung cancer, aged 87.


title: Evonne Goolagong

paragraphs: Evonne Goolagong-Cawley, AO, MBE (born 31 July 1951) is an Australian tennis player. She was one of the world's most successful players in the 1970s and early 1980s. She ranked No. 1 in the world in 1976.

paragraphs: Goolagong won 14 Grand Slam titles. She won the women's title in singles tennis four times at the Australian Open, twice at the Wimbledon Championships, and once at the French Open. The other Grand Slam titles she won were in doubles tennis: six in women's doubles and one in mixed doubles.

paragraphs: Evonne Fay Goolagong was born in Griffith, New South Wales. She and her family are Aboriginal Australians. They belong to the Wiradjuri nation. Evonne was the third of eight children. She grew up in the small farming town of Barellan. Her father, Kenneth Goolagong, was a sheep shearer. Her family was poor. At this time, many Aboriginal people around Australia faced discrimination; they were treated differently by White Australians. However, Goolagong has said that she did not experience discrimination whilst living at Barellan.

paragraphs: She started playing tennis when she was a young girl. A began when Bill Kurtzman, a player at Barellan, saw Goolagong looking through the fence of the local tennis courts. He asked her if she would like to try playing. She joined the local tennis club when she was seven years old. She quickly showed a talent for the game. She was fast and had quick reflexes. She played in competitions with neighbouring towns. In 1961, Vic Edwards, the owner of a tennis school in Sydney, travelled to Barellan to watch Goolagong play. She was eleven years old at the time.

paragraphs: Edwards coached Goolagong and encouraged her to play tennis as a career. She left Barellan and moved to Sydney permanently in 1965, when she was aged 14. She lived with Edwards' family in their home. She went to Willoughby Girls High School, finishing in 1968. She entered the New South Wales Championship in 1967. She played in the Australian women's singles championship in January 1968. By this time she was ranked as the best junior player in New South Wales. Goolagong would later win the Australian championship four times; in 1974, 1975, 1976 and 1977. She came second place in 1971, 1972 and 1973.

paragraphs: Goolagong won seven Grand Slam singles titles in her career. She played in eighteen Grand Slam singles finals; all except one of these were during the 1970s. Between 1971 and 1977, she reached the final of almost every Grand Slam singles event she entered.

paragraphs: She competed at Wimbledon for the first time in 1970. She won her first Grand Slam singles title in 1971, beating Helen Gourlay to win the French Open. A month later, she beat Margaret Court to win the Wimbledon Championship. The next year, she lost in the Wimbledon final to Billie Jean King. She lost to King again in the semi-final in 1973, and a third time in the final in 1975. She lost to Chris Evert in the final in 1976. She won the Wimbledon title for the second time in 1980, playing against Evert again in the final. Goolagong had given birth to her daughter in 1977. She became the first and only mother to win since Dorothea Douglass-Chambers 66 years before.

paragraphs: Goolagong reached four U.S. Open finals; in 1973, 1974, 1975 and 1976. She lost them all: to Court, King, then twice to Evert. She is the only woman in the U.S. Open to have lost four finals one after the other. Goolagong made seven finals at the Australian Open, each one after the other. She won four times in a row. After having won her first French Open in 1971, Goolagong stopped competing in the tournament after 1973. She returned in 1983, and this was the last Gland Slam singles tournament she competed in. She lost to Evert.

paragraphs: Goolagong won six women's doubles titles. She won five at the Australian Open (in 1971, 1974, 1975, 1976 and 1977), and one at Wimbledon (1974). She also won the mixed doubles title at the French Open in 1972.

paragraphs: Goolagong was ranked number one in the world for two weeks in 1976. However, it was not reported at the time because incomplete data were used to calculate the rankings. This was discovered in December 2007, 31 years later. She was the 16th woman to hold the top position.

paragraphs: Goolagong was awarded Australian of the Year in 1971. She was made an Member of the Order of the British Empire (MBE) in 1972, and an Officer of the Order of Australia (AO) in 1982. She was entered into the Sport Australia Hall of Fame in 1985. She was made a part of the International Tennis Hall of Fame in 1988.

paragraphs: The National Museum of Australia holds a collection of items to remember Goolagong's career. This includes her 1971 and 1980 Wimbledon singles trophies, the trophy from her 1974 doubles win, and two racquets used in these tournaments.

paragraphs: Goolagong married British tennis player Roger Cawley on 19 June 1975. After their wedding, the couple settled in Naples, Florida. They lived in the U.S. for eight years. They now live in Noosa Heads, in Queensland. They have two children: Kelly and Morgan.

paragraphs: Goolagong played a total of 869 singles matches. Of these, she won 704 (81.01%). In Grand Slam singles tournaments, she won 82.09% of her matches (133 wins, 29 losses).


title: Kal Penn

paragraphs: Kal Penn (born Kalpen Suresh Modi; April 23, 1977) is an American actor, producer, and civil servant. He is best known for his role as Lawrence Kutner on the Fox television program "House". He is also well known for appearing in the movies "Harold & Kumar Go to White Castle" (2004), "Harold & Kumar Escape from Guantanamo Bay" (2008), and "A Very Harold & Kumar 3D Christmas" (2011).

paragraphs: Penn was born in Montclair, New Jersey. He is the son of an Indian family. He started acting after graduating from the University of California, Los Angeles in 1998. He lives in Los Angeles, California.

paragraphs: Penn was the Associate Director in the White House Office of Public Engagement for Barack Obama from 2009 through 2011.


title: Armie Hammer

paragraphs: Armand Douglas "Armie" Hammer (born August 28, 1986) is an American actor. He is best known for his roles in movies, including "The Social Network", "The Lone Ranger" and "Cars 3".

paragraphs: Hammer was born in Los Angeles. He is of Russian-Jewish, Danish, Swiss, Greek, Poland, Russian, English, Scottish, Scotch-Irish and Cherokee origin. He took courses while at the University of California, Los Angeles. In a 2008 interview, Hammer stated, regarding his religious beliefs, "I have my own spiritual life, and I value it very much".

paragraphs: Hammer married television personality Elizabeth Chambers in May 2010. Their wedding was featured in the January 2011 issue of Town & Country. They were introduced by Hammer's friend, artist Tyler Ramsey. They have two children, including a daughter Harper (born 2014) and a son Ford (born 2017).


title: Amber Coffman

paragraphs: Amber Dawn Coffman (born June 15, 1984 in Austin, Texas) is an American singer and guitarist. Between 2005 and 2007, she was member of instrumental band Sleeping People. In 2007, she joined Dirty Projectors and released three studio albums with this band. She also worked together with Rusko ("Hold On"), J. Cole ("She Knows"), Major Lazer ("Get Free") and Snoop Lion ("No Regrets"). Since 2013 she has worked on her first solo album. Her debut solo album "City of No Reply" was released in June 2017.


title: Tuusula

paragraphs: Tuusula is a town in Finland. It is in the province of Southern Finland and is part of the Uusimaa. Neighbouring municipalities are Vantaa, Nurmijärvi, Hyvinkää, Sipoo, Järvenpää and Kerava.


title: Norman Schwarzkopf, Jr.

paragraphs: Herbert Norman Schwarzkopf, Jr. (; August 22, 1934 – December 27, 2012), better known as Norman Schwarzkopf, Jr., was a United States Army general who was the commander of the U.S. Central Command and the coalition forces in the Gulf War.

paragraphs: He was born in Trenton, New Jersey, the son of Ruth Alice (née Bowman) and Norman Schwarzkopf, Sr., both Americans of German origin. Schwarzkopf died from pneumonia on December 27, 2012, aged 78, in Tampa, Florida.


title: Kivijärvi

paragraphs: Kivijärvi is a municipality in Central Finland. The municipalities next to it are Kannonkoski, Karstula, Kannonkoski, Kinnula, Kyyjärvi, Perho and Viitasaari.

paragraphs: Kirkonkylä, Tiironkylä, Heitjärvi, Penttilänkylä, Sompala, Lahdenperä, Risuperä, Hoikanperä, Puralankylä, Talviaislahti and Lokakylä.


title: Ii, Finland

paragraphs: Ii is a municipality in Northern Ostrobothnia, Finland. The municipalities next to it are Oulu, Pudasjärvi, Ranua and Simo.

paragraphs: In 1749, there were 2378 people living in Ii.


title: Uusimaa

paragraphs: Uusimaa (or "Uudenmaan maakunta") is a region in southern Finland. It is located next to Gulf of Finland. Neighbouring regions are Southwest Finland, Kanta-Häme, Päijänne Tavastia and Kymenlaakso.

paragraphs: The historical province of Uusimaa covered a larger area than modern Uusimaa.

paragraphs: A very large number of people in Finland live in Uusimaa. As of 31 November 2013, there were over 1,500,000. Uusimaa is only 3% of the total area of Finland.

paragraphs: The ground is bedrock, granite and gneiss.


title: Pirkanmaa

paragraphs: Pirkanmaa is a region in western Finland. As of 2013 population was about 500,000. Neighbouring regions are: Southwest Finland, Satakunta, Kanta-Häme, Päijänne Tavastia, Southern Ostrobothnia and Central Finland


title: Martha Chase

paragraphs: Martha Cowles Chase (November 30, 1927 – August 8, 2003), also known as Martha C. Epstein, was an American geneticist known for having experimentally showed in 1952 (with Alfred Hershey) that DNA rather than protein is the genetic material of life.

paragraphs: Chase was born in 1927 in Cleveland, Ohio. In 1950 she received her bachelor's degree from the College of Wooster. In 1964 Chase received her PhD from the University of Southern California.

paragraphs: In 1952 Chase was a young laboratory assistant to American bacteriophage expert Alfred Hershey at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory at the Carnegie Institution for Science. This was where the well-known Hershey-Chase experiment was performed. The experiment , otherwise known as the 'blender experiment' showed that it was DNA, and not protein, that was the genetic material through which traits were inherited.

paragraphs: A series of personal setbacks through the 1960s ended Chase's career in science. She spent decades suffering from a form of dementia that affected her short-term memory. She died of pneumonia on August 8, 2003, at the age of 75.


title: John Enderby

paragraphs: John Edwin Enderby (born 16 January 1931) is a British physicist. From 1976 to 1996 he was professor of physics at the University of Bristol. From 2004-2006 he was the president of the Institute of Physics. In 2004 he received a knighthood for services to science.


title: 2014 Football League Cup Final

paragraphs: The 2014 Football League Cup Final was a football match. It took place on 2 March 2014 at Wembley Stadium, London. It was the last match of the 2013–14 Football League Cup.

paragraphs: The final was played between Premier League clubs, Manchester City and Sunderland. This was Manchester City's fourth League Cup final. It was their sixth Wembley visit since 2011. This was Sunderland's second League Cup final. It was their first visit to Wembley since 1998.


title: Kemijärvi

paragraphs: Kemijärvi is a city in Lapland in northestern Finland. The municipalities next to it are Pelkosenniemi, Salla, Posio and Rovaniemi.


title: Salla

paragraphs: Salla, (name was "Kuolajärvi" to 1936) is a municipality in Finnish Lapland, Finland. The municipalities next to it are Kemijärvi, Kuusamo, Pelkosenniemi, Posio and Savukoski. Oulanka National Park is in the areas of Salla and Kuusamo.

paragraphs: Aatsinki, Aholanvaara, Ahvenselkä, Hautajärvi, Hietajärvi, Hirvasvaara, Isohalme, Kallunki, Kelloselkä, (Märkäjärvi), Kotala, Koutelo, Kursu, Käsmä, Naruska, Niemelä, Oulanka, Onkamo, Pahkakumpu, Paloperä, Saija, Salmivaara, Selkälä, Tuohikylä, Vallovaara, Varvikko, Vittikko.


title: Saarijärvi

paragraphs: Saarijärvi is a city in central Finland. The municipalities next to it are Kannonkoski, Karstula, Multia, Soini, Uurainen, Ähtäri and Äänekoski.

paragraphs: Saarijärvi has been city since 1986. However, there have been people living here for 6,000 years. In 1749, "Vanha Saarijärvi" had populatoin of 1,380. It's population was the largest in 1870 when there were 14,000 living there.


title: Ähtäri

paragraphs: Ähtäri is a city in Finland. Nearby municipalities are Alajärvi, Alavus, Keuruu, Multia, Saarijärvi, Soini and Virrat.


title: Division of Riverina-Darling

paragraphs: The Division of Riverina-Darling was an Australian Electoral Division for the Australian House of Representatives in the state of New South Wales.

paragraphs: The division was created in 1984. It was abolished in 1993. It was named for the region of Riverina and the Darling River. It was located in the towns of Broken Hill, Griffith, Hay and Narrandera. The Division of Watson (1934–69) replaced it when it was abolished.


title: Gomphotherium

paragraphs: Gomphotherium is an extinct genus of proboscid which evolved in the lower Miocene of North America. It survived from 13.651.7 million years ago (mya).

paragraphs: They spread to Asia, Europe and Africa after a drop in sea level allowed them to cross over. It survived into the Pliocene, and its remains have been found in Chile, china, France, Germany, Austria, Kansas, Tennessee, Pakistan, Kenya and Bosnia and Herzegovina.

paragraphs: "Gomphotherium" stood around high with an estimated weight of 4-5 tons, and looked similar to a modern elephant. However, it had four tusks; two on the upper jaw and two on the long lower jaw. "Gomphotherium" lived in dry wooded regions near lakes.

paragraphs: The lower tusks are parallel and shaped like a shovel. They may have been used to dig up food from mud. These animals probably lived in swamps or near lakes, using their tusks to dig or scrape up aquatic vegetation.

paragraphs: However, wear patterns on the teeth of its relative "Platybelodon" suggest that it used its lower tusks to strip bark from trees, and may have used the sharp incisors that formed the edge of the "shovel" more like a modern-day scythe, grasping branches with its trunk and rubbing them against the lower teeth to cut it from a tree.

paragraphs: Unlike modern elephants, the upper tusks were covered by a layer of enamel. Compared to elephants, the skull was more elongated and low, indicating that the animal had a short trunk, rather like a tapir's. In comparison to earlier proboscids, "Gomphotherium" had fewer molars; the remaining ones had high ridges to expand their grinding surface.


title: Kanta-Häme

paragraphs: Kanta-Häme is a region in Finland. Kanta-Häme has many features that are similar to the Finnish Lakelands. Neighbouring regions are Uusimaa, Päijänne Tavastia, Pirkanmaa and Southwest Finland.

paragraphs: Torronsuo National Park and Liesjärvi National Park are both located in Kanta-Häme, near Tammela.


title: Cindy Birdsong

paragraphs: Cynthia Ann "Cindy" Birdsong (born December 15, 1939) is an American singer, most famous for singing with the legendary soul groups The Supremes and Patti LaBelle & the Bluebelles.


title: Arke (mythology)

paragraphs: In Greek mythology, Arke is the daughter of Thaumas. Her sister is Iris, the rainbow goddess. Arke and her sister Iris had wings and were the of the Olympian gods. When the gods were fighting the Titans, Arke betrayed the gods and joined the Titans against them. When the Olympians won, Zeus took Arke's wings and cast her into Tartarus. Arke's wings were later given to Thetis as a gift on her wedding day. Thetis later gave them to her son Achilles. She tied them to his ankles. which is where his surname Podarces (literally "swift-footed") came from.


title: Tammela, Finland

paragraphs: Tammela is a municipality in Kanta-Häme, Finland. The municipalities next to it are Forssa, Hämeenlinna, Jokioinen, Karkkila, Lohja, Loppi, Somero and Urjala.

paragraphs: Torronsuo National Park and Liesjärvi National Park are both located in Tammela.


title: Hausjärvi

paragraphs: Hausjärvi is a municipality in Kanta-Häme, Finland. The municipalities next to it are Hyvinkää, Hämeenlinna, Hämeenkoski, Janakkala, Kärkölä, Mäntsälä and Riihimäki.


title: Itä-Häme

paragraphs: Itä-Häme is the eastern part of the historical province Tavastia in Finland.

paragraphs: Municipalities in this area are: Heinola, Hartola, Sysmä, Joutsa, Luhanka and Pertunmaa.


title: Atlanta Rhythm Section

paragraphs: The Atlanta Rhythm Section (or ARS) was an American southern rock and popular music group. ARS was formed from 1970–74. The members originally were from Doraville, northeast of Atlanta, Georgia. Their hit songs include "So into You", "Champagne Jam" and "Neon Nites".

paragraphs: Several people within this music band have died throughout the years. Robert L. Nix died May 20, 2012 because of diabetes and multiple myeloma at age 67. The group split up shortly after 1981. They reunited from time to time to do tours.


title: Colman, South Dakota

paragraphs: Colman is a city in the eastern part of the U.S. state of South Dakota. It is located in Moody County, and 594 people lived there at the 2010 census. Dolton was founded in 1880.


title: Twista

paragraphs: Carl Terrell Mitchell (born November 27, 1973), better known as Twista, is an African American rapper. He released his first album in 1992. He had his first number one single, "Slow Jamz", in 2003.


title: Division of Dickson

paragraphs: The Division of Dickson is an Australian Electoral Division in Queensland, Australia. It was set up in 1992 and is named after Sir James Dickson, a supporter of the Australian Federation, the Premier of Queensland and Minister for Defence in the first Australian government. It covers the outer north-western suburbs of Brisbane, including Albany Creek, Arana Hills, Bray Park, Brendale, Cashmere, Dayboro, Eatons Hill, Everton Hills, Ferny Hills, Joyner, Kallangur, Lawnton, Mount Glorious, Mount Nebo, Petrie, Samford Valley, Strathpine and Warner.

paragraphs: There was an unusual circumstance at the 1993 election. One of the candidates, an independent, died very shortly before the election. Because of this another election had to be called for the division a month later than the general election. The Labor Party won the election, and Prime Minister Paul Keating selected his new ministers on 27 March. He did not include an Attorney-General, keeping the position open for Michael Lavarch. Lavarch won the division, and was appointed to the ministry on 27 April.

paragraphs: Michael Lavarch had previously had been member for the Division of Fisher. He was Attorney-General in the Keating Government. Tony Smith did not receive Liberal Party support for the upcoming 1998 election, and so become an independent. Cheryl Kernot had been a member of the Australian Senate and leader of the Australian Democrats. She resigned, joined the Labor Party and won the division in 1998. Peter Dutton was a minister in the Howard Government and Minister for Health and Minister for Sport in the Abbott Government.