title: Biochar

paragraphs: Biochar is a type of charcoal added to soil that acts as plant food, or fertilizer. Biochar is made by heating biomass like wood in an oven to very high temperatures. This removes all of the water and easy to burn material from the biomass leaving only carbon. The final result is fragile and dark black charcoal.

paragraphs: Biochar is made from organic material known as biomass. Biomass is mostly made from carbon. Carbon in biomass is captured from carbon dioxide in the air by plants. This means that when biochar is made carbon that was once in the air is made into a solid material. Biochar can last a very long time in soil and even longer in containers.

paragraphs: Some people propose making biochar to remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.<ref name="DOI10.1038/ncomms1053">

paragraphs: </ref> Carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas that traps heat in the atmosphere, causing climate change. If a lot of biochar were made then there would be less carbon dioxide in the air, meaning less heat would be trapped. This is known as a carbon sink, because the carbon is sunk or put into a long lasting material instead of floating in the air.

paragraphs: When biochar is made the biomass it is made from has most of its material removed. This means that biochar is very light and filled with tiny holes. These holes can hold water and nutrients which act as food for plants growing in biochar. Biochar can be soaked in nutrients to "charge" it which makes it a very good soil additive or fertilizer. The holes in biochar can also trap toxins which make water unsafe.

paragraphs: Biochar was used by people in the Amazon to make their poor quality soil better for growing food. This made the soil very dark and the dark soil can still be seen today.

paragraphs: In some rainforest places the forests are cleared for farming. When the forests are cleared they are usually cut down and burned. This process is called slash-and-burn and doesn't leave very many nutrients in the soil. If the forests were cleared and turned into biochar rather than burned the soil would have more nutrients. This is known as slash-and-char and would make the soil better for farming.

paragraphs: Biochar can be mixed with molasses for use as animal food. The biochar helps digestion and reduces the amount of methane produced by cows. Feces from animals that eat biochar is a high quality fertilizer.

paragraphs: Biochar is mainly sold by fertilizer companies to people who grow plants. This may change. There are many tons of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere which is causing climate change. Many countries have agreed that this is a problem. In the future it may cost money to release carbon dioxide. If people who remove carbon dioxide are paid then there could be businesses which remove carbon dioxide for money. One way a business like that could remove carbon dioxide is by growing plants and turning them into biochar. This removes a large amount of carbon dioxide and could be very profitable in the future.


title: A Perfect Couple

paragraphs: A Perfect Couple is a 1979 romantic–comedy movie co-written and directed by Robert Altman and starring Paul Dooley, Marta Heflin, Titos Vandis, Belita Moreno, Dennis Franz and Joel Crothers. It was distributed by 20th Century Fox.


title: Bab Mansour

paragraphs: Bab Mansour Gate (also known as Bab Mansour Laleuj) is the main gate of the Old Town of Meknes in Morocco. It is one of the largest and most impressive gates in the country. Together with the "outer square (El Hedim Square)", it is considered the country's business card. The gate is located in front of El Hedim Square which is considered to be the most popular square in Morocco.

paragraphs: The gate structure was completed in 1732 by Mulay Abdullah who was the son of Sultan Mulay Ismail. The gate marks the main entrance of the imperial palace built for Isla Mulay and the ancient city of Meknes.

paragraphs: The door was designed by a Christian who converted to Islam whose name was "Mansur". Hence the gate's name: "Mansur Gate". The gate structure has been part of the Meknes protected heritage since 1914 and since 1996 has been used as a World Heritage Site along with the Old Town of Meknes.

paragraphs: The gate structure separates the outer square called Al-Hadim Square. It is adjacent to the Old City wall of Meknes, from the inner square called Lela Awda Square. It served as the "Royal Order Ground". Next to the gate within the walls are the Royal Order Stables, the Royal Prison, and the Meknes City Museum. It is decorated with green ceramics designed with Islamic motifs. The white pillars are columns that used to stand in the Roman city: "Volibilis", which is about 30 km north of the city.


title: Content management

paragraphs: Content management (CM) is a set of processes and technologies that supports the collection, managing, and publishing of information in any form or medium.

paragraphs: When stored and accessed via computers, this information may be more referred to as content.


title: Alfa Romeo RL

paragraphs: Alfa Romeo RL (1922–27) was an Italian car made by Alfa Romeo in Milano.

paragraphs: It was designed by Giuseppe Merosi. They made around 2,600 of these cars in total.

paragraphs: The RL Normale (RLN) was a family car, also called 21/70. The engine had 6 cylinders and measured 3 liters volume. In 1926 it changed name to RL Touring (RLT) and 22/70.

paragraphs: The RL Sport (RLS) was a light car that was a foot shorter, so it saved weight. It also had a bigger engine. They made around 500 of these. It changed name to RL Super Sport (RLSS) and 22/90, and was even faster.

paragraphs: This was even shorter than the RL Short and won the Targa Florio race on Sicilia in 1923. They called it RL Targa Florio (RLTF) and less than 10 were made.


title: Salvador Giner

paragraphs: Giner died on 19 October 2019 in Barcelona at the age of 85.


title: György Kurtág

paragraphs: György Kurtág (; born 19 February 1926) is a Hungarian classical composer and pianist. He was born in Lugoj, Hungary. He was an academic teacher of piano at the Franz Liszt Academy of Music from 1967, later also of chamber music, and taught until 1993.

paragraphs: In 1947, he married pianist Márta Kurtág. She died in October 2019.


title: Márta Kurtág

paragraphs: Márta Kurtág (), "née" Márta Kinsker, often Marta Kurtag; 1 October 1927 − 17 October 2019) was a Hungarian classical pianist and academic piano teacher. In 1947, she married composer György Kurtág. They often played from his collection "Játékok", which they also recorded.

paragraphs: Kurtág died on 17 October 2019, just a week after her 92nd birthday.


title: Hans Grosheide

paragraphs: Johan Hendrik "Hans" Grosheide (born 6 August 1930) is a retired Dutch politician.

paragraphs: Grosheide worked as a teacher and education administrator for Protestant Reformed special schools from November 1954 until September 1963.

paragraphs: After the election of 1963 Grosheide was appointed as State Secretary for Education, Arts and Sciences, taking office on 3 September 1963 until the .

paragraphs: He was State Secretary for Education and Sciences, taking office on 14 April 1965.


title: Tjerk Westerterp

paragraphs: Theodorus Engelbertus "Tjerk" Westerterp (born 2 December 1930) is a Dutch politician. He was a diplomat of the defunct Catholic People's Party (KVP) now merged into the Christian Democratic Appeal (CDA) party. He is also a businessman.

paragraphs: Westerterp became a Member of the House of Representatives after Gerard Veldkamp was appointed as Minister of Social Affairs and Health.

paragraphs: After the election of 1971 Westerterp was appointed as State Secretary for Foreign Affairs, taking office on 17 August 1971.


title: Til Gardeniers-Berendsen

paragraphs: Mathilde Hubertine Maria Francisca "Til" Gardeniers-Berendsen (18 February 1925 – 22 October 2019) was a Dutch politician. She was a member of the defunct Catholic People's Party (KVP) and later the Christian Democratic Appeal (CDA) party. She was also a nonprofit director.

paragraphs: Gardeniers-Berendsen was elected as a Member of the House of Representatives after the election of 1971, taking office on 11 May 1971. In 1977, Gardeniers-Berendsen was appointed as Minister of Culture, Recreation and Social Work on 19 December 1977.

paragraphs: After the election of 1981 Gardeniers-Berendsen returned as a Member of the House of Representatives, taking office on 10 June 1981. In 1981, Gardeniers-Berendsen was appointed Minister of Health and Environment, taking office on 11 September 1981.

paragraphs: Gardeniers-Berendsen died in Rotterdam, Netherlands on 22 October 2019 at the age of 94.


title: Els Veder-Smit

paragraphs: Elizabeth "Els" Veder-Smit (29 August 1921 – 26 August 2020) was a Dutch politician. She was a member of the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy (VVD) and nonprofit director. She was the oldest living former cabinet member at the time of her death.

paragraphs: Veder-Smith was Secretary State for Health and Environment from 1978 through 1981.

paragraphs: Veder-Smith died at her home in Rotterdam on 26 August 2020 at the age of 98.


title: Michel van Hulten

paragraphs: Michael Henricus Maria "Michel" van Hulten (born March 9, 1930) is a retired Dutch politician. He is a member of the Political Party of Radicals (PPR). He was a member of the Dutch parliament and he was the undersecretary of the Minister of Transport in Joop den Uyl's cabinet. van Hulten is the father of Michiel van Hulten, former Member of the European Parliament.


title: Arie Pais

paragraphs: Aäron "Arie" Pais (born 16 April 1930 in The Hague) is a retired Dutch politician of Jewish descent. He is a member of the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy (VVD). He was a Member of the Senate in 1977 and again from 1981 through 1982. He also was Minister of Education and Sciences from 1977 through 1981.

paragraphs: Pais also was a member of the municipal council of Amsterdam and of the provincial states of North Holland.

paragraphs: Before his political career he was a economics professor at the University of Amsterdam, and afterwards a banker at the European Investment Bank.

paragraphs: Pais is a vegetarian and an animal protection activist.


title: Pieter Beelaerts van Blokland

paragraphs: Jonkheer Pieter Adriaan Cornelis Beelaerts van Blokland (born 8 December 1932) is a retired Dutch politician. He was a member of the Christian Democratic Appeal (CDA).

paragraphs: He was Minister of Housing, Spatial Planning and the Environment from 1977 to 1981. In 1981, he was an MP. Beelaerts van Blokland was mayor of Wolphaartsdijk, Vianen, Amstelveen, Apeldoorn, and Hengelo. He was also Queen's Commissioner of the Province of Utrecht from 1985 to 1998.


title: Targa Florio

paragraphs: Targa Florio (1906–77) was a road race for automobiles. It was on the island of Sicily in the south of Italy.

paragraphs: The distance in 1906 was 446 kilometers on narrow and dusty mountain roads. They started and ended near the city of Palermo.

paragraphs: It closed in 1977 after an accident where two people lost their lives.


title: Wim van Eekelen

paragraphs: Willem Frederik "Wim" van Eekelen (born 5 February 1931) is a retired Dutch politician and diplomat. He is a member of the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy (VVD). He also is a political scientist.


title: Louw de Graaf

paragraphs: Louw de Graaf (12 April 1930 – 15 July 2020) was a Dutch politician. He was a member of the defunct Anti-Revolutionary Party (ARP) and later the Christian Democratic Appeal (CDA) party and trade union leader.

paragraphs: De Graaf worked as a trade Union leader for the National Christian Trade Unions Federation from 1955 until 1977 and served as General-Secretary from 1970 until 1977.

paragraphs: After the election of 1977 De Graaf was appointed as State Secretary for Social Affairs, taking office on 28 December 1977.

paragraphs: De Graaf was elected as a Member of the House of Representatives after the election of 1981, taking office on 10 June 1981.


title: Ed van Thijn

paragraphs: Eduard "Ed" van Thijn (; born 16 August 1934) is a retired Dutch politician of Jewish descent. He is a member of the Labour Party (PvdA). He also is a historian. After the election of 1981 Van Thijn was appointed as Minister of the Interior, taking office on 11 September 1981. In May 1983 Van Thijn was nominated as the next Mayor of Amsterdam.

paragraphs: In January 1994, Van Thijn became Minister of the Interior again from 18 January 1994 until 27 May 1994, when he resigned following the "IRT-affair". He later was a Senator from 8 June 1999 until 12 June 2007.


title: Erwin Nypels

paragraphs: Erwin Nypels (born 1 August 1933) is a Dutch politician. He was born in Bloemendaal, North Holland. He was the Minister of Housing and Spatial Planning in 1982.


title: Shor's algorithm

paragraphs: Shor's algorithm is a quantum algorithmic computing process for cryptography. Basically, it solves the following problem: Given an integer formula_1, find its prime factors.

paragraphs: Its effectiveness may eventually undermine the security of the important RSA encryption device.


title: Cawker City, Kansas

paragraphs: Cawker City is a city in Mitchell County, Kansas, United States. In 2010, 469 people lived there. The city is along the north shore of Waconda Lake and Glen Elder State Park.

paragraphs: The largest ball of twine in the world is in Cawker City.

paragraphs: Cawker City was created in 1870. It was named after Colonel E. H. Cawker because he won a game of poker. Cawker City was incorporated as a city in 1874. The first post office in Cawker City was created in June 1870.

paragraphs: Cawker City is at (39.508835, -98.433842). The United States Census Bureau says that the city has a total area of . All of it is land. The city is along the north shore of Waconda Lake.

paragraphs: The 2010 census says that there were 469 people, 244 households, and 132 families living in Cawker City.

paragraphs: In 2017, a Dollar General store was built. This gave residents a nearby shopping place for food.


title: Yates Center, Kansas

paragraphs: Yates Center is a city in Woodson County, Kansas, United States. It is also the county seat of Woodson County. In 2010, 1,417 people lived there.

paragraphs: Yates Center was created in August 1875. It was named for Abner Yates, the original owner of the town site. She donated an entire block around the courthouse, land for the churches, a city park, and a lot each for the first two children born in the town. Yates Center is the only town in Kansas to be chosen as a county seat before there was a house or person in its boundaries.

paragraphs: More than thirty buildings in downtown Yates Center are included in the Yates Center Courthouse Square Historic District.

paragraphs: Yates Center is at (37.879948, -95.734522). The United States Census Bureau says that the city has a total area of . Of that, is land and is water.

paragraphs: The 2010 census says that there were 1,417 people, 664 households, and 347 families living in Yates Center.

paragraphs: Yates Center is served by USD 366 Woodson School District.


title: Chhotu Ram

paragraphs: Chotu Ram aka Sir Chotu ram was a prominent politician in British India's punjab province. He was a co-founder of National Unionist party that represented the punjab zamindar and rural agrarian interests. Born in Sampla village of Rohtak, he was also awarded the title of Rao bahadur, which was a title of honour bestowed during British rule in India to individuals for their service to the Empire.


title: De vogels van Holland

paragraphs: "De vogels van Holland" (, in English: "The birds of Holland") is a song by Dutch singer Jetty Paerl. Annie M. G. Schmidt and Cor Lemaire wrote it. It represented Netherlands in the Eurovision Song Contest in 1956.

paragraphs: "De vogels van Holland" participated in the "Nationaal Songfestival 1956", a national final organized by Dutch broadcaster Nederlandse Televisie Stichting (NTS) in 1956. It was held in the AVRO TV studios in Hilversum on 24 April 1956.

paragraphs: Jetty Pearl performed the song after Corry Brokken with "Ik zei ja" and before Bert Visser with "Gina mia". People sent their votes through postcard. NTS announced the voting results on 5 May. "De vogels van Holland" placed 2nd with 1530 points. For that reason, NTS sent it to represent Netherlands in the Eurovision Song Contest 1956. They sent the winning song, "Voorgoed voorbij", too.

paragraphs: The song competed in the contest. It was held in the Teatro Kursaal in Lugano, Switzerland, on 24 May 1956. Jetty Paerl performed it. Fernando Paggi conducted the orchestra.

paragraphs: It was performed first, before Switzerland's Lys Assia with "Das alte Karussell". The song position is not known because the voting results were not revealed.


title: Piet Bukman

paragraphs: Pieter "Piet" Bukman (born 7 February 1934) is a retired Dutch politician. He was a member of the Christian Democratic Appeal (CDA) party. He also is an economist.

paragraphs: Bukman was President of the European People's Party from 10 July 1985 until 30 July 1987. After the election of 1986 Bukman was appointed as Minister for Development Cooperation.


title: Frits Korthals Altes

paragraphs: Frederik "Frits" Korthals Altes (born 15 May 1931) is a retired Dutch politician. He was a member of the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy (VVD). He became Minister of State on 26 October 2001.

paragraphs: Altes was Chairman of the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy from 15 March 1975 until 22 May 1981. He was elected as a Member of the Senate, taking office on 10 June 1981. After the election of 1982, Altes was appointed as Minister of Justice, taking office on 4 November 1982.


title: Lakagigar

paragraphs: Lakagígar is a row of spectacular craters along twenty-five kilometres in the southern Icelandic Highlands. They formed in the eruptions at Lakí in 1784.

paragraphs: The system erupted violently over a eight months between June 1783 and February 1784. Lava came from the Laki fissure and the adjoining volcano Grímsvötn. It poured out an estimated 42 billion tons or of basalt lava and clouds of poisonous hydrofluoric acid and sulfur dioxide compounds. That contaminated the soil, leading to the death of over 50% of Iceland's livestock population, and the destruction of almost all crops. This led to a famine which killed about 25% of the island's human population. The lava flows also destroyed 20 villages.


title: Tayberry

paragraphs: A tayberry is a cross between a blackberry and a red raspberry. The genetic cross was patented in 1979.

paragraphs: It is a cultivated shrub in the genus "Rubus" of the family Rosaceae. It was named after the River Tay in Scotland. The fruit is sweeter, much larger, and more aromatic than that of the loganberry. The loganberry is itself a blackberry and red raspberry cross.

paragraphs: The fruit do not pick easily by hand and cannot be machine harvested. They have not become a commercially grown berry crop. This plant has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.


title: Robert Blake (admiral)

paragraphs: Robert Blake (1598 – 17 August 1657) was one of the most important military commanders of the Commonwealth of England and one of the most famous English admirals of the 17th century. Blake is recognised as the chief founder of England's naval supremacy. Its dominance was inherited by the British Royal Navy.


title: Nasir ud din Mahmud

paragraphs: Nasir ud din Mahmud was the eighth Sultan of the Mamluk Sultanate (Slave dynasty). In the year 1246 he became the Sultan and ruled for 20 years.

paragraphs: Ghiyasuddin Balban was his Prime minister as well as the actual ruler. After the death of Nasiruddin Mahmood in 1266 AD, Balban became the Sultan as Nasir-ud-din.


title: Nicola Mancino

paragraphs: Nicola Mancino (born 15 October 1931) is an Italian politician. He was President of the Italian Senate from 1996 to 2001. He was also president of Campania's regional parliament from 1965 to 1971. He was Governor of Campania from 1971 to 1972 and Minister of the Interior from 1992 to 1994.


title: Ishmael Levenston

paragraphs: Ishmael Mathew Ameal Levenston (23 July 1940 – 19 October 2019) was a Saban politician. He was the founder of the Saba Labour Party. He was a member of the Saba Island Council from 1975 to 1979 and again from 1983 through 1987.

paragraphs: Levenston died on 19 October 2019 of heart failure at a retirement center in The Bottom, aged 79.


title: Alexander Volkov (tennis)

paragraphs: Alexander Vladimirovich Volkov (; 3 March 1967 – 19 October 2019) was a Russian professional tennis player. He was born in Kaliningrad, Soviet Union. Volkov won his first top-level professional singles title in 1991 at Milan. At Wimbledon that year, he lost a close match in the fourth round to the eventual tournament champion Michael Stich.

paragraphs: Volkov died on 19 October 2019 in Kalinigrad at the age of 52.


title: Aila Meriluoto

paragraphs: Aila Meriluoto (10 January 1924 – 21 October 2019) was a Finnish poet, writer and translator. She was born in Pieksämäki, Finland. She became the most celebrated and widely read female poet of post-war Finland. The themes of her poems were art and femininity. In collection "Pahat unet" (1956) some of the poems have a free form. The next collection, "Portaat", came five years later.

paragraphs: In addition to poems, Meriluoto wrote novels, and books for young people. She has translated works by Harry Martinson, Rainer Maria Rilke, Shakespeare and Goethe.

paragraphs: Meriluoto died in a care home in Helsinki on 21 October 2019, aged 95.


title: Harry Martinson

paragraphs: Harry Martinson (6May 190411February 1978) was a Swedish author, poet and former sailor. In 1949 he was elected into the Swedish Academy. He was awarded a joint Nobel Prize in Literature in 1974 "for writings that catch the dewdrop and reflect the cosmos".

paragraphs: Martinson killed himself at a Stockholm hospital by cutting his stomach open with a pair of scissors on 11 February 1978.


title: Eyvind Johnson

paragraphs: Eyvind Johnson (29 July 1900 – 25 August 1976) was a Swedish novelist and short story writer. He became a member of the Swedish Academy in 1957 and shared the Nobel Prize in Literature with Harry Martinson in 1974 with the citation: "for a narrative art, far-seeing in lands and ages, in the service of freedom".


title: Santos Juliá

paragraphs: Santos Juliá Díaz (1940–23 October 2019) was a Spanish historian and sociologist. He was born in Ferrol, Spain. He studied at the Complutense University of Madrid. He was professor "emeritus" of Social History and Political Thought at the Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED).

paragraphs: Díaz died on 23 October 2019 in Madrid at the age of 79.


title: Ferrol

paragraphs: Ferrol (In the neighbourhood of Strabo's "Cape Nerium", modern day Cape Prior) (), is a city in the Province of A Coruña in Galicia, on the Atlantic coast in north-western Spain. According to the 2014 census, the city has a population of 70,389.


title: Michael Flaksman

paragraphs: Michael Flaksman (May 3, 1946 – October 18, 2019) was an American cellist. He was born in Akron, Ohio. He performed widely in recitals, chamber music concerts and with orchestras throughout Europe and in the Far East, as well as conducted master classes in Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Italy, Poland and Croatia.

paragraphs: He was Honorary President at Italian Cello Consort, a cellist group created by his student and assistant Giovanni Ricciardi.

paragraphs: He died on October 18, 2019 at the age of 73.


title: Rolando Panerai

paragraphs: Rolando Panerai (17 October 1924 – 23 October 2019) was an Italian baritone. He was born in Campi Bisenzio, near Florence, Italy.

paragraphs: Panerai made his stage debut in 1947 in Naples at the Teatro di San Carlo. Other debuts, both in 1951, were as Simon Boccanegra in "Simon Boccanegra" in Bergamo and as Sharpless in "Madama Butterfly" at La Scala in Milan.

paragraphs: He sang in many rarely performed Verdi operas on radio broadcast for RAI in 1951 (to commemorate the 50th anniversary of Verdi's death), such as "Giovanna d'Arco", "La battaglia di Legnano", and "Aroldo".

paragraphs: Later roles included most of the great Verdi baritone roles, particularly the title character in "Rigoletto", the Count of Luna in "Il trovatore", Giorgio Germont in "La traviata", Marquis of Posa in "Don Carlos",and Amonasro in "Aida".

paragraphs: Panerai died on 23 October 2019 in Florence of a heart attack at the age of 95.


title: Jo Ann Zimmerman

paragraphs: Jo Ann McIntosh Zimmerman (December 24, 1936 – October 23, 2019) was an American politician. She was the 42nd Lieutenant Governor of Iowa from 1987 to 1991. Zimmerman was a member of the Democratic Party. She was the first woman to serve in the office of Lieutenant Governor in Iowa history. Zimmerman was born in Keosauqua, Iowa.

paragraphs: Zimmerman died of pulmonary fibrosis-related problems on October 23, 2019 in Des Moines, Iowa at the age of 82.


title: Willie Brown (American football)

paragraphs: William Ferdie Brown (December 2, 1940 – October 21, 2019) was an American professional football player, coach, and executive. He played as a cornerback for the Denver Broncos and the Oakland Raiders in the National Football League (NFL).

paragraphs: Brown was the head football coach at California State University, Long Beach in 1991, the final season before the school's football program ended. Brown was added into the Pro Football Hall of Fame as a player in 1984. At the time of his death he was on the Raiders' administrative staff.

paragraphs: Brown was born in Yazoo City, Mississippi. He studied at Grambling State University. Brown died on October 21, 2019 at his home in Tracy, California at the age of 78.


title: Tracy, California

paragraphs: Tracy is the second most populated city in San Joaquin County, California, United States. The population was 82,922 at the 2010 census.


title: Clay Center, Kansas

paragraphs: Clay Center is a city in Clay County, Kansas, United States. It is also the county seat of Clay County. In 2010, 4,334 people lived there.

paragraphs: Clay Center was created in 1862. It was named "Clay Center" because it was the geographical center of Clay County.

paragraphs: The first post office in Clay Center was built on July 3, 1862.

paragraphs: Clay Center was on the Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific and Union Pacific Railroads.

paragraphs: Clay Center is at (39.379920, -97.123168). The United States Census Bureau says that the city has a total area of . All of it is land. Clay Center is unique, because it is the geographic midpoint between Los Angeles, California and New York City, the two biggest American cities. Both cities are exactly from Clay Center.

paragraphs: The 2010 census says that there were 4,334 people, 1,920 households, and 1,172 families living in Clay Center.


title: Manfred Bruns

paragraphs: Manfred Bruns (July 1934 – 22 October 2019) was a German federal attorney and LGBTQ activist. He worked at the Federal Court of Justice of Germany. Until 2016, he was a member of the Board of Directors of the Lesbian and Gay Association (LSVD). Bruns was born in Linz am Rhein, Germany. He was known for his efforts to push for political activity to fight against AIDS in Germany.

paragraphs: Bruns died in Karlsruhe, Germany on 22 October 2019 of liver failure at the age of 85.


title: Clearwater, Kansas

paragraphs: Clearwater is a city in Sedgwick County, Kansas, United States. In 2010, 2,481 people lived there.

paragraphs: Clearwater was created in 1870. It was platted as a city in 1872. It was named Clearwater because of the clear water of the river where the city is. The first post office in Clearwater was created in 1871. The name of the post office called Clear Water until 1894. The Chisholm Trail went along the east side of the city from 1867 to 1871.

paragraphs: Clearwater is southwest of Wichita, Kansas at (37.505646, -97.501516). The United States Census Bureau says that the city has a total area of . All of it is land.

paragraphs: The 2010 census says that there were 2,481 people, 908 households, and 660 families living in Clearwater.

paragraphs: Clearwater has the Clearwater USD 264 public school district.


title: Raymond Leppard

paragraphs: Raymond John Leppard (11 August 1927 – 22 October 2019) was a British-American conductor, harpsichordist, composer and editor. He was born in London.

paragraphs: In the 1960s, he had an important role in the rebirth of interest in Baroque music. He conducted operas at major international opera houses and festivals, including the Glyndebourne Festival where he led the world premiere of Nicholas Maw's "The Rising of the Moon", the Metropolitan Opera and the Royal Opera House.

paragraphs: He composed movie scores such as "Lord of the Flies". From 1987 through 2001, Leppard was the Director of the Indianapolis Symphony Orchestra.

paragraphs: Leppard died in Indianapolis, Indiana on 22 October 2019 at the age of 92.


title: Quenemo, Kansas

paragraphs: Quenemo is a city in Osage County, Kansas, United States. It is along the Marais des Cygnes River. In 2010, 388 people lived there.

paragraphs: Quenemo was planned out around 1870. Quenemo was the name of a Sac and Fox Indian chief. A fire in 1878 destroyed a lot of the town. Quenemo had a lot of growth in 1884 after the AT&SF railroad was built through it.

paragraphs: Quenemo is at (38.580413, -95.527895). The United States Census Bureau says that the city has a total area of . All of it is land.

paragraphs: Quenemo is part of the Topeka, Kansas Metropolitan Statistical Area.

paragraphs: The 2010 census says that there were 388 people, 139 households, and 90 families living in Quenomo.

paragraphs: Quenemo is a part of USD 456 Marais des Cygnes Valley. The district high school is Marais des Cygnes Valley High School. Their mascot is the Trojans.


title: 2019 Grays incident

paragraphs: In the early hours of 23 October 2019, 39 dead bodies were found in a freight container in Grays, Essex, England. The lorry cab is owned by an Irish company. It had been registered Bulgaria, but had not been there since 2017. It travelled from the Netherlands through Belgium before arriving in the United Kingdom at Purfleet, Essex, from Zeebrugge.

paragraphs: Investigations are ongoing in regard to how the lorry passed through security at the border.

paragraphs: Investigations were led by the Essex Police, but made international by the end of the day.

paragraphs: The lorry driver is a 25-year-old man from Portadown, County Armagh, Northern Ireland. "The Guardian" reported that there are several photographs of him with the lorry cab involved in the incident on his Facebook page. He was arrested at the scene, on suspicion of murder. He drove it from Purfleet to Grays.


title: Quinter, Kansas

paragraphs: Quinter is a city in Gove County, Kansas, United States. In 2010, 918 people lived there.

paragraphs: The city of Quinter is built at the place of an old railroad switching place called Melota. A town named Familton was built there in 1885, and it had a hotel in it. The U.S. Government would not create a post office under the Familton name because of possible confusion with other names in the state, so another had to be chosen. The name Quinter was chosen. It was named after Rev. James Quinter, a local Baptist Brethren minister.

paragraphs: The city received some small national attention in November 2006 when longtime resident Waldo McBurney, age 104, was said to be the oldest worker in the United States.

paragraphs: Quinter is at (39.065706, -100.236828). The United States Census Bureau says that the city has a total area of . All of it is land.

paragraphs: The 2010 census says that there were 918 people, 374 households, and 251 families living in Quinter.


title: Marieke Vervoort

paragraphs: Marieke Vervoort (10 May 1979 – 22 October 2019) was a Belgian Paralympic athlete. She suffered from an incurable, degenerative muscle disease. In the 2012 Summer Paralympics, Vervoort won a gold and silver medal. In the 2016 Summer Paralympics, she won a silver and bronze medal.

paragraphs: She won several medals at Paralympics, she received world attention in 2016 when she revealed that she supported euthanasia. She was born in Diest, Belgium.

paragraphs: Vervoort ended her life through euthanasia on 22 October 2019 at the age of 40.


title: Degenerative disease

paragraphs: Degenerative disease is the result of a continuous process based on degenerative cell changes, affecting tissues or organs, which will increasingly deteriorate over time.

paragraphs: In neurodegenerative diseases cells of the central nervous system stop working or die via neurodegeneration. An example of this is Alzheimer's disease.


title: Miguel Saiz

paragraphs: Miguel Saiz (May 17, 1949 – October 22, 2019) was an Uruguayan-born Argentine politician. He was born in Montevideo. He was a member of the Radical Civic Union (UCR). He was the Governor of Río Negro Province from 2003 until 2011.

paragraphs: Saiz died at a Buenos Aires hospital on October 22, 2019 from heart failure at the age of 70.


title: Zenda, Kansas

paragraphs: Zenda is a city in Kingman County, Kansas, United States. In 2010, 90 people lived there.

paragraphs: Zenda was named after the novel "The Prisoner of Zenda".

paragraphs: Zenda is at (37.443895, -98.281263). The United States Census Bureau says that the city has a total area of . All of it is land.

paragraphs: The 2010 census says that there were 90 people, 44 households, and 24 families living in Zenda.

paragraphs: Nashville is a part of USD 332 Cunningham-West Kingman County. The Cunningham High School mascot is Cunningham Wildcats.


title: Udall, Kansas

paragraphs: Udall is a city in Cowley County, Kansas, United States. In 2010, 746 people lived there.

paragraphs: The first post office in Udall was built in September 1879. J.M. Napier and P.W. Smith Bought a ten-acre area of land from I.N Nelson in 1879. Udall was planned out in 1881 by Napier and Smith. It was named after English author Cornelius Udall.

paragraphs: On May 25, 1955, the deadliest tornado to ever hit Kansas hit Udall at 10:35 p.m. The town was destroyed by an wide F5 tornado. Every building within the city limits was hit, including the grain elevator, water tower, old grade school, new high school, city hall, three churches. The water tower had been knocked over and the streets were flooded. Vehicles were thrown hundreds of yards and destroyed. 77 people died. 270 people were injured. 192 buildings (170 homes) were destroyed. Around 50% of families had one or more members of their families who died in the tornado.

paragraphs: Before hitting Udall, there were no warnings issued by the Weather Bureau. Unknown to them, the same tornado-producing thunderstorm had just hit the city of Blackwell, Oklahoma, where 20 people died and 250 were injured.

paragraphs: The United States Census Bureau says that the city has a total area of . All of it is land.

paragraphs: The 2010 census says that there were 746 people, 289 households, and 203 families living in Udall.

paragraphs: Udall is part of Udall USD 463 public school district.


title: Uniontown, Kansas

paragraphs: Uniontown is a city in Bourbon County, Kansas, United States. In 2010, 272 people lived there.

paragraphs: A post office was created in 1856 about two miles east of the town. Uniontown was moved to its current place around 1865. The early settlers were loyal to the Union in the Civil War. The city was named after the Union. Throughout the twentieth century the town was served by the Missouri Pacific Railroad.

paragraphs: Uniontown is at (37.847264, -94.975922). It is along the Marmaton River. The United States Census Bureau says that the city has a total area of . All of it is land.

paragraphs: The 2010 census says that there were 272 people, 120 households, and 66 families living in Uniontown.


title: Utica, Kansas

paragraphs: Utica is a city in Ness County, Kansas, United States. In 2010, 158 people lived there.

paragraphs: The first post office in Utica was created in 1879.

paragraphs: Utica was named by early pioneer C.W. Bell. He was from Utica, New York, so he named it after that city.

paragraphs: Utica is at (38.642899, -100.169024). The United States Census Bureau says that the city has a total area of . All of it is land.

paragraphs: The 2010 census says that there were 158 people, 78 households, and 42 families living in Utica.


title: Waldo, Kansas

paragraphs: Waldo is a city in Russell County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2010 census, the city population was 30.

paragraphs: The Union Town Company created the town of Waldo on October 1, 1888. This is because they got 280 acres of land on a line of the Union Pacific Railroad. The community grew, having about 300 people by 1915. A small business community, including a bank, stores, and three grain elevators, developed during the 1900s. The town was an agricultural shipping and receiving point for the area around it. Waldo incorporated as a city in May 1911.

paragraphs: Since the 1930s, the number of people in Waldo starting decreasing. Waldo High School closed in 1964, and Waldo Grade School closed in 1979. In 1993, Union Pacific left its rail line through Waldo, ending rail service to the city.

paragraphs: Waldo is at (39.120162, -98.797863). It has an elevation of 1,713 feet (522 m). The city is on U.S. Route 281 in north-central Kansas. It is northwest of Wichita, west of Kansas City, and north-northeast of Russell.

paragraphs: It is in the Smoky Hills region of the Great Plains. Waldo is on the east bank of the West Fork of Wolf Creek, part of the Saline River watershed.

paragraphs: The 2010 census says that there were 30 people, 15 households, and 7 families living in Waldo.

paragraphs: U.S. Route 281 and Kansas Highway 18 (K-18) go east-west through Waldo.

paragraphs: Western Electric gives electricity to the people. Gorham Telephone gives landline telephone service, and it offers cable television and internet access. Most residents use privately stored propane for heating fuel.

paragraphs: Waldo is in the Wichita-Hutchinson, Kansas television market.


title: Batura Glacier

paragraphs: Batura Glacier is a large and long glacier located in Pakistan.


title: Ingalls, Kansas

paragraphs: Ingalls is a city in Gray County, Kansas, United States. In 2010, 306 people lived there.

paragraphs: The first post office in Ingalls was created in May 1887 with the name Soule. It kept that name until May 1888. The city was renamed for Kansas senator John James Ingalls.

paragraphs: Ingalls could have been the county seat in the late 1880s. It once had the county offices.

paragraphs: Ingalls is at (37.829932, -100.453844). The United States Census Bureau says that the city has a total area of . All of it is land.

paragraphs: The 2010 census says that there were 306 people, 113 households, and 87 families living in Ingalls.

paragraphs: Ingalls is served by USD 477 Ingalls. The Ingalls High School mascot is the Bulldogs.


title: Kanephoros

paragraphs: The Kanephoros ( (pl. "Kanephoroi"), latinate plural form Canephorae, refers to "Basket Bearer(s)") was an honorary term for young, unmarried women chosen to lead a festival in Ancient Greece.


title: Episcopal Diocese of Chicago

paragraphs: The Episcopal Diocese of Chicago is the official organization of the Episcopal Church in Chicago and Northern Illinois. The diocese is served by Jeffrey Lee, who serves as bishop of the diocese, and Christopher Epting, who served as Assistant Bishop in the diocese until his planned retirement in December 2015. The mother church of the diocese is St. James Cathedral, which is the oldest Episcopal congregation in the city of Chicago.


title: Jeffrey Lee (bishop)

paragraphs: Jeffrey Dean Lee is a bishop of the Episcopal Church. He is the twelfth and current Bishop of Chicago since 2008.


title: James W. Montgomery

paragraphs: James Winchester Montgomery (May 29, 1921 – October 23, 2019) was an American bishop. He was the ninth bishop of Chicago in The Episcopal Church. He was born in Chicago.

paragraphs: Montgomery died on October 23, 2019 in Naperville, Illinois at the age of 98.


title: Mikhail Innokentyevich Semyonov

paragraphs: Mikhail Innokentyevich Semyonov (, 26 November 1938 – 18 October 2019) was a Russian politician. He was born in Nukutsky District, Irkutsk Oblast, Soviet Union. He was the Chairman of the People's Khural of the Republic of Buryatia from 21 July 1994 through 23 June 2002.

paragraphs: Semyonov died on Ulan-Ude, Buryatia, Russia on 18 October 2019 from a long-illness at the age of 80.


title: Eurasian plate

paragraphs: The Eurasian plate is a tectonic plate. It includes most of the continent of Eurasia. This is a huge landmass with the traditional continents of Europe and northern Asia.

paragraphs: It does not include the Indian subcontinent, Arabia, and the area east of the Chersky Range in East Siberia. It does include oceanic crust west to the Mid-Atlantic Ridge and north to the Gakkel Ridge.


title: South American plate

paragraphs: The South American plate is a major tectonic plate which includes the continent of South America. It also includes part of the Atlantic Ocean seabed. This extends east to the African plate. They meet at the southern part of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge.

paragraphs: The easterly edge is a divergent boundary because it has been moving west for about 60 million years. Its western and southern edges are complicated, with a number of small plates. The Nazca plate on the western edge is moving under the South American plate. This subduction has caused the Andes mountain chain.


title: Indo-Australian plate

paragraphs: The Indo-Australian plate is a major tectonic plate.

paragraphs: It includes the continent of Australia and surrounding ocean. To the northwest it includes the Indian subcontinent and adjacent waters. It was formed by the fusion of Indian and Australian plates about 43 million years ago.


title: Eve (Bible)

paragraphs: In the Book of Genesis, Eve is the world’s first woman created by God to be a wife to Adam. Eve is placed in the Garden of Eden and allowed to eat any fruit except the fruit of The Tree of Knowledge of Good and Evil because if she eats it she will die. A snake convinces her to eat it anyway. She then gives it to her husband who also eats it. They then realize they are naked. An angel is then sent to banish her and Adam from the garden so that they can’t eat the fruit of The Tree of Life and live forever. God gives them clothes and says that Eve will become the mother of all humans and be very respected but that her husband will rule over her. Eve gives birth to a son and she names him Cain. She then gives birth to a second son named Abel.


title: Leonard Hofstadter

paragraphs: Leonard Hofstadter is a fictional character in the television show The Big Bang Theory. Leonard is from New Jersey. His father is an anthropologist and his mother is a neuroscientist. Leonard’s parents made him learn to play the cello and become a scientist even though he wanted to be a rapper “like Snoop Dogg but with a little more healthy respect for the police”. Leonard was on the debate team in school and says that if he had not had glasses, he would have been “the coolest kid on the debate team to get constantly shoved into his locker.” Leonard also mentions that he once had a bully who gave him such a terrible wedgie that it temporarily moved one of his testicles. He also says that he hated high school because he was never popular and that his mother never let him celebrate his birthday because “that was her accomplishment, not mine” and that his parents never paid attention to his achievements. Leonard got his Phd at Princeton and got a job working at Caltech. He became a roommate of Sheldon Cooper because he couldn’t afford an apartment with only his own money. He almost accidentally gave American nuclear secrets to his girlfriend Joyce Kim not realizing that she was a North Korean spy but Sheldon Cooper annoyed her so much that she left before he could give her anything. When a beautiful girl named Penny moves in across the hall from Leonard and Sheldon, Leonard falls in love with her. Leonard tried to get her to like him but thanks to Sheldon she finds out that Leonard has Luke Skywalker shampoo and Darth Vader conditioner uses the periodic table as a shower curtain and plays boggle in Klingon with his friends including Sheldon, Rajesh Kuthrapalli and Howard Wolowitz leading her to think that he is a nerd. For most of the show Leonard is trying to start a relationship with Penny and they eventually date and get married.


title: Beurre noisette

paragraphs: Beurre noisette is a type of warm sauce used in French cuisine.

paragraphs: It is clarified butter cooked for long enough for the milk proteins to caramelize and almost burn. This produces a nutty flavor. It is also used in French pastry.


title: Sheldon Cooper

paragraphs: Sheldon Cooper is a fictional character from the television show "The Big Bang Theory" and its spin-off show, "Young Sheldon".

paragraphs: Sheldon is most known on the show for his behaviours, which are similar to the characteristics of Asperger syndrome. He is very interested in science, especially physics, which he has two Ph.Ds in. Sheldon has a very persistent nature and prefers his lifestyle to have an order and routine to it, much to the annoyance of his close friends. He is very intelligent and has shown so since he was young, being capable of remembering a lot of information.

paragraphs: Sheldon has the tendency to have difficulty to read other people's emotions, and is also accidentally rude to people because of this trait.

paragraphs: Sheldon is from [[Texas]. His grandfather died when Sheldon was nine. His alcoholic father died when Sheldon was 13. Sheldon was beaten up by his older brother and [[twin]] sister as a kid and was constantly bullied by other children. He claims that he got [[swirlies]] “all the time, even in [[Church]].” Sheldon is an [[atheist]] though his mother is a religious [[Christian]]. Sheldon went to college when he was eleven. Sheldon graduated when he was fourteen. According to Sheldon, “ While my brother was getting an STD, I was getting a Phd”. Sheldon studied physics in Germany and got two Phds. Sheldon was hired to prove String theory at Caltech. Sheldon never forgets anything and is very smart but is bad at telling what people’s emotions are and doesn’t realize when he’s being mean to people because “the part of his brain that should know is getting a [[wedgie]], from the rest of his brain.” Sheldon had many roommates, because of not being able to afford an apartment with just own money, most of whom left because they could not stand him. Sheldon makes every roommate sign a contract to follow Sheldon’s rules. Sheldon wears superhero shirts and loves [[Spock]] from [[Star Trek]] because Spock doesn’t have emotions. Sheldon always knocks three times before entering a room and always sits in the same place and orders food from the same restaurants and has a different set of clothes for each day of the week. Sheldon argues with Leonard’s love interest Penny all the time in early episodes though they later become friends. When Leonard doesn’t believe that a dating website can find a match for anyone, Howard and Raj prove it can by using it to find a match for Sheldon. A lot of people have noticed that even though the show never says it, Sheldon seems to have [[Asperger Syndrome]].


title: Swirlies

paragraphs: A swirly is a form of bullying in which the victim's head is put into a toilet.


title: Fred VanVleet

paragraphs: Fredderick Edmund VanVleet Sr. (born February 25, 1994) is an American professional basketball player for the Toronto Raptors of the NBA.


title: Candice Pitts

paragraphs: Candice Pitts (born Belize City) is a Belizean politician and educator. She has been serving as a Councillor for Belize City since March 7, 2018 and PUP Standard Bearer for the Mesopotamia Constituency since August 3, 2019. Pitts has also served as a professor at the University of Belize and at Albany State University in the United States.

paragraphs: Candice Pitts was born in Belize City, Belize. She was the only child in her family. Her parents did not struggle in showing her affection. One of her parents' biggest challenges was managing the income they both earned. Both her parents worked. They were not as wealthy as those of her classmates, but they raised her with care. After successfully completing her primary election and secondary education, Pitts went on to study at the University of Belize. She initially wanted to study abroad, but her parents still did not have enough money to pay for her to do so. At university, Pitts decided to pursue law because she was interested in the legal system. Pitts participated in debates concerning law in Belize. She even made a speech on how corrupt the legal system of the island was under the United Democratic Party (UDP) government. She graduated from university at the age of 24.

paragraphs: After her graduation, Pitts went back to the University of Belize and this time applied to be an educator there. After looking at her record in the university during her years as a student, the president gladly appointed Pitts educator, making her the youngest person to become an educator there. Pitts would describe her years at the University of Belize as both rewarding and challenging. She explained her experiences by saying, "I take great pride in being a member of our national university, as it affords me the opportunity to contribute to and become instrumental in the process of nation-building here in Belize. We may concur that being an educator is one of the most effective ways to contribute to national development." She pointed out some of the challenges she observed, explaining, "A part of those challenges is the endeavor to strike an important balance between the intense teaching load, the commitment to research and publication, and the need to be of service internal and external to the university. Invariably, a faculty member falls short of striking the balance." She made a very good observation that students have difficulty with communication and expressing themselves in the English language both orally and in writing.

paragraphs: As an educator, Pitts feels that her objective is to have her students understand that they can Read about themselves and can Write about a better World as they imagine it should be. One of her favorite quotations is from William Shakespeare: "All the world's a stage/ And all the man and woman merely players."

paragraphs: While Pitts was serving as an educator at the University of Belize, the "Amandala", Belize's leading newspaper, recruited her to write for them. She accepted the offer in 2015 and worked there for three years. She first served as their political editor in 2016 and was later moved to Assistant Professor and Researcher. In 2017, Pitts wrote three publications: A book on the evolution of print media in Belize and two scholarly essays on nation building in the works of Jamaica Kincaid and Margaret Cezaire-Thompson, respectively. Pitts has wrote several news articles for "Amandala".

paragraphs: On 3 August 2016, she was invited to read an extract of her Phd dissection to Margery Liang, the wife of the judge, professor, and diplomat Edward Liang. Her dissertation was firmly rooted in nationalism in the English-speaking Caribbean with a focus on the works of Kincaid, Thompson and Belize's own Zee Edgell and how they represented the nationalist movements in their countries. There are also ongoing efforts to organize a public lecture led by Pitts which will coincide with the September celebrations.

paragraphs: "My Position is that Belizeans should think about their society, cultures, and politics critically. Edgell's novel has allowed [them to] do just that. My article can help Belizeans to look at socio-cultural and political issues I raised both critically and differently," said Pitts. Pitts also told "Amandala", "I am more excited about publishing an article that discusses Belizean issues and having [it] available for global readership."

paragraphs: On 29 November 2017, Pitts wrote an article named "Belize, a nation (still) in the making: Women in Belize's development," which outlined the various accomplishments made by women in Belizean politics and how the two major political parties]] should do more to get women involved. The article was published in the international journal on contemporary writing, "Wasafari Journel". The essay adds to the body of existing literature on Beka Lamb by revealing ways in which Edgell, through Beka, helps to reconceptualise the Belizean nation and attempts to re/locate woman from the margins to the center of nationalist discourse. It also adds to the body of existing literature by filling in an understanding of Belize's nationalism, by emphasizing the de facto contributions of female activists.


title: Brecknockshire

paragraphs: Brecknockshire, also known as the County of Brecknock, Breconshire, or the County of Brecon is one of thirteen historic counties of Wales, and a former administrative county. Named after its county town of Brecon, the county is mountainous and primarily rural


title: Buddha (album)

paragraphs: Buddha is Blink-182's 1998 album release and the last album to feature the original drummer Scott Raynor before being replaced by current drummer Travis Barker. Buddha is a mostly fast paced album if you mainly listen to modern Blink-182, but it definitely shows where they got their roots from, containing many off-beats whilst maintaining a fast tempo with breaks for pre-emo emo bouts. (like a soft sort of punk)


title: Marion County, Mississippi

paragraphs: Marion County is a county in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, 27,088 people lived there. Its county seat is Columbia. The county is named for American Revolutionary War guerrilla leader Francis Marion also known as The Swamp Fox.


title: Marshall County, Mississippi

paragraphs: Marshall County is a county in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, 37,144 people lived there. Its county seat is Holly Springs. The county is named for Chief Justice of the United States John Marshall.


title: Monroe County, Mississippi

paragraphs: Monroe County is a county on the northeast border of the U.S. state of Mississippi next to Alabama. As of the 2010 census, 36,989 people lived there. Its county seat is Aberdeen. The name is in honor of James Monroe, fifth President of the United States.


title: Perry County, Mississippi

paragraphs: Perry County is a county in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, 12,250 people lived there. Its county seat is New Augusta.


title: Newton County, Mississippi

paragraphs: Newton County is a county in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, 21,720 people lived there. Its county seat is Decatur.


title: Ramah, Colorado

paragraphs: Ramah is a town in El Paso County, Colorado, United States. The population was 123 at the 2010 census. The name comes from from India.


title: Mont-sur-Rolle

paragraphs: Mont-sur-Rolle is a municipality in Nyon in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. It is from Lake Geneva ("Lac Léman"), above the lake-side town of Rolle.


title: Perroy, Switzerland

paragraphs: Perroy is a municipality in Nyon in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. It is about northeast of Nyon.


title: Prangins

paragraphs: Prangins is a municipality in the district of Nyon in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland. It is next to Lake Geneva.


title: Königsheim

paragraphs: Königsheim is a municipality of the district Tuttlingen in the state of Baden-Württemberg, Germany.


title: Mel Aull

paragraphs: Melvin Andrew Aull (December 23, 1928 – October 12, 2019) was a Canadian football player. He played for the Hamilton Tiger-Cats, Ottawa Rough Riders and Saskatchewan Roughriders. He won the Grey Cup with the Rough Riders in 1951. He was born in Hamilton, Ontario.

paragraphs: Aull died on October 12, 2019 in Mississauga, Ontario at the age of 90.


title: Peggy McIntosh

paragraphs: Peggy McIntosh (born November 7, 1934) is an American feminist, anti-racism activist, scholar, speaker, and Senior Research Scientist of the Wellesley Centers for Women. She is the founder of the National SEED Project on Inclusive Curriculum (Seeking Educational Equity and Diversity).

paragraphs: In 1988, she published the article "White Privilege and Male Privilege: A Personal Account of Coming to See Correspondences Through Work in Women’s Studies". This analysis, and its shorter version, "" (1989) was later published and made her well known.


title: USS Iowa (BB-61)

paragraphs: The USS "Iowa" (BB-61) was a battleship used by America in World War II and the Korean War. It was retired in October 1990 because it was a huge target that was too expensive to lose.


title: Jeffrey Spalding

paragraphs: Jeffrey Spalding (November 5, 1951 - October 14, 2019) was a Scottish-born Canadian artist, curator, author, and educator.

paragraphs: Spalding died on October 14, 2019 at the age of 67.

paragraphs: For more than forty years, Spalding taught at various education institutions and was actively involved as a museum professional. He worked as a curator and director at various visual arts institutions including the University of Lethbridge, the Nova Scotia College of Art and Design, the Glenbow Museum, and the Art Gallery of Nova Scotia.

paragraphs: Between 1999 and 2002 Spalding was the director of the Appleton Museum of Art in Ocala, Florida. From 2014 to 2017, he was the Chief Curator of the Beaverbrook Art Gallery in Fredericton, New Brunswick.


title: Goodland, Kansas

paragraphs: Goodland is a city in Sherman County, Kansas, United States. It is also the county seat of Sherman County. In 2010, 4,489 people lived there. It was named after Goodland, Indiana. Goodland has the Northwest Kansas Technical College.

paragraphs: Goodland is at (39.3508330, −101.7101722). It has an elevation of 3,681 feet (1,122 m). It is on the south side of the Middle Fork of Sappa Creek, which is part of the Republican River watershed, in the High Plains region of the Great Plains. It is at the intersection of Interstate 70 and K-27 in northwest Kansas. Goodland is about east of the Colorado state line, 176 miles east-southeast of Denver, northwest of Wichita, and west of Kansas City.

paragraphs: The United States Census Bureau says that the city has a total area of . Of that, is land and is water.

paragraphs: Because Goodland has a higher elevation, Goodland has stronger wind and more snow than other places in Kansas. Wind speed averages . On average, Goodland gets 19.75 inches (502 mm) of precipitation every year. Goodland gets about 41.9 inches (1,064 mm) of snow per year. On average, January is the coldest month, and July is both the hottest month and the wettest month. The hottest temperature ever in Goodland was 111 °F (44 °C) in 1940; the coldest temperature ever was −27 °F (−33 °C) in 1989.

paragraphs: The 2010 census says that there were 4,489 people, 1,985 households, and 1,161 families living in Goodland.

paragraphs: "The Goodland Star-News" is the city's only newspaper. It is published twice per week.

paragraphs: Four radio stations are licensed to and/or broadcast from Goodland. KLOE broadcasts a full service News/Talk format on 730 AM. KKCI plays a Classic Rock format, and they broadcast on 102.5 FM. KWGB is licensed to Colby, Kansas, and they broadcast from Goodland on 97.9 FM. They play country music. KGCR broadcasts on 107.7 FM from near Brewster, Kansas. They are licensed to Goodland. They play Christian Contemporary music.

paragraphs: Goodland is in the Wichita-Hutchinson, Kansas television market. CBS affiliate KBSL-DT is licensed to Goodland, and they broadcast on digital channel 10.

paragraphs: Due to Goodland and the rest of Sherman County observing Mountain time, prime-time television programming airs from 6 to 9 p.m., instead of 7 to 10 like in the Central time zone.

paragraphs: A reproduction of Vincent van Gogh's painting 3 Sunflowers in a Vase was created in 2001 by artist Cameron Cross. It is 80 feet tall. After it was built, the weather damaged it. Cross came back in 2012 to repaint it using brighter paint.


title: Michael D. Reynolds

paragraphs: Michael David Reynolds ( – October 15, 2019) was an American educator and astrology. He was professor of astronomy at Florida State College at Jacksonville in Jacksonville, Florida. He was the director of Chabot Space and Science Center in Alameda County, California.

paragraphs: Reynolds was best known for his work in science education, both in lecture halls and less formal settings. He also participated in astronomy and space exploration outreach.

paragraphs: Reynolds died of cardiac arrest in his home in Jacksonville on October 15, 2019 at the age of 65.


title: Tonganoxie, Kansas

paragraphs: Tonganoxie (pronounced ) is a city in Leavenworth County, Kansas. It is part of the Kansas City metropolitan area within the United States. In 2010, 4,996 people lived there.

paragraphs: Tonganoxie was platted in 1866. It was named after a local Native American Chief from the Delaware Tribe whose name means "shorty" in the Delaware language. Tonganoxie was incorporated as a city in the late 1870s.

paragraphs: Tonganoxie is at (39.108880, -95.086885). The United States Census Bureau says that the city has a total area of . Of that, is land and is water.

paragraphs: Tonganoxie has hot, humid summers and generally cold winters. The Köppen Climate Classification system says that Tonganoxie has a humid subtropical climate, abbreviated "Cfa" on climate maps.

paragraphs: The 2010 census says that there were 4,996 people, 1,884 households, and 1,338 families living in Tonganoxie.


title: Vicki Ann Funk

paragraphs: Vicki Ann Funk (November 26, 1947 – October 22, 2019) was an American botanist and researcher. She was a Senior Research Botanist and Curator at the Smithsonian's National Museum of Natural History.

paragraphs: She was known for her work on members of the composite family (Asteraceae) including collecting plants in many parts of the world, as well as her synthetic work on phylogenetics and biogeography.

paragraphs: Funk died on October 22, 2019 at the age of 71.


title: Hildegard Bachert

paragraphs: Hildegard Bachert (April 3, 1921 – October 17, 2019) was a German-born American art dealer and gallery director. Bachert moved to the United States in 1936 to escape the Nazi regime. In 1940, she began working at the Galerie St. Etienne, a Manhattan gallery focusing in Austrian and German expressionist art, where she worked until her death. She was born in Mannheim, Germany.

paragraphs: Bachert died at her home in Brattleboro, Vermont on October 17, 2019 at the age of 98.


title: Brattleboro, Vermont

paragraphs: Brattleboro (), originally Brattleborough, is a town in Windham County, Vermont, United States. Brattleboro is located about north of the Massachusetts state line. In 2010, Brattleboro's population was 12,046.


title: Ole Henrik Laub

paragraphs: Ole Henrik Laub (3 December 1937 – 22 October 2019) was a Danish novelist and children's writer. He was also an art painter and cartoonist. He was born in Aarhus, Denmark. Laub made his debut in 1967 with "Et Sværd Dyppet i Honning", a collection of short stories. He wrote more than fifty books, short stories, novels, and books for children.

paragraphs: Laub died on 22 October 2019 in Denmark at the age of 81.


title: Alfred Znamierowski

paragraphs: Alfred Znamierowski (21 June 1940 – 23 October 2019) was a Polish vexillologist, heraldist, illustrator, and journalist. During his career he published many books and designed hundreds of coats of arms, flags, banners and seals for over 200 different cities and institutions. He was born in Warsaw. From 1985 to 1994, Znamierowski was an editor of the Polish Service of Voice of America in Washington, D.C..

paragraphs: Znamierowski died on 23 October 2019 in Prague from a heart attack at the age of 79.


title: Walter Franco

paragraphs: Walter Franco (6 January 1945 – 24 October 2019) was a Brazilian rock singer, guitarist, record producer and composer. In 1998 he worked with Rosa Passos for their debut album "Especial Tom Jobim". His 1975 album "Revolver" was No. 50 on "Rolling Stone"s list of the Top 100 Brazilian albums. He was born in São Paulo, Brazil. Other ablums include "Respire Fundo", "Vela Aberta", "Walter Franco" and "Tutano".

paragraphs: Franco died on 24 October 2019 at a São Paulo hospital from a stroke, aged 74.


title: Salvador Freixedo

paragraphs: Salvador Freixedo, (23 April 1923 – 25 October 2019) was a Spanish Catholic priest. He was a member of the Jesuit Order.

paragraphs: He was known as a Ufologist and researcher of "paranormal subjects". He wrote many books on the relationship between religion and extraterrestrial beings, and was a speaker in several international UFO congresses in Europe, the Americas, and Asia.

paragraphs: He was also a contributor to a number of parascientific magazines, such as "Mundo Desconocido" ("Unknown World"), "Karma 7" and "Más allá" ("Beyond") among others.


title: Hans Zender

paragraphs: Johannes Wolfgang Zender (22 November 1936 – 22 October 2019) was a German conductor and composer. He was the chief conductor of several opera houses.

paragraphs: As a conductor, he worked at the Theater Freiburg, Theater Bonn, Opernhaus Kiel and Hamburg State Opera, and led the radio orchestra Deutsche Radio Philharmonie Saarbrücken Kaiserslautern.

paragraphs: He taught at the Musikhochschule Frankfurt. His opera "Stephen Climax" premiered in 1986 at the Oper Frankfurt, and his third opera, "Chief Joseph", premiered in 2005 at the Staatsoper Unter den Linden.

paragraphs: Zender died on 22 October 2019 in Meersburg, Germany at the age of 82.


title: ShopHQ

paragraphs: ShopHQ, formerly known as Evine until 2019, is a American cable, satellite and broadcast television network owned by iMedia Brands Inc. The channel is headquartered in Eden Prairie, Minnesota.

paragraphs: The home shopping channel's main competitors are Qurate's HSN and QVC.


title: It's Showtime

paragraphs: It's Showtime (commonly known as Showtime!) is a long-running noon-time variety show from the Philippines. It airs weekdays at 12:00 PM to 3:30 PM and Saturdays at 11:45 AM to 2:30 PM. The show premiered on October 24, 2009 and it's currently celebrating its 10th anniversary in Philippine television.


title: Emmett Chappelle

paragraphs: Emmett W. Chappelle (24 October 1925 – 14 October 2019) is an African-American scientist. He was born in Phoenix, Arizona. He worked for NASA.

paragraphs: He also was a member of the American Chemical Society, the American Society of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, the American Society of Photobiology, the American Society of Microbiology, and the American Society of Black Chemists.

paragraphs: Chappelle died of kidney failure in Baltimore, Maryland on 14 October 2019, one week before his 94th birthday.


title: Oktibbeha County, Mississippi

paragraphs: Oktibbeha County is a county in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, 47,671 people lived there. The county seat is Starkville.


title: Firestone, Colorado

paragraphs: The Town of Firestone is a town in Weld County, Colorado, United States. The population was 10,147 at the 2010 census.


title: Cessières-Suzy

paragraphs: Cessières-Suzy is a new commune in the department of Aisne in the Hauts-de-France region in north France. It was created on 1 January 2019 and is made of the former communes of Cessières and Suzy.


title: Villeneuve-sur-Aisne

paragraphs: Villeneuve-sur-Aisne is a new commune in the Aisne department in the Hauts-de-France region in northern France. It was created on 1 January 2019. It is made of the former communes of Guignicourt and Menneville.


title: Velma, Oklahoma

paragraphs: Velma is a city in Oklahoma in the United States.


title: Pocola, Oklahoma

paragraphs: Pocola is a town in Oklahoma in the United States.


title: Freedom, Oklahoma

paragraphs: Freedom is a town in Oklahoma in the United States.


title: Saint-George

paragraphs: Saint-George is a municipality in Nyon in the Swiss canton of Vaud.


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title: Thurrock

paragraphs: Thurrock () is a unitary authority area with borough status in the English ceremonial county of Essex.


title: Flintshire

paragraphs: Flintshire is a county in Wales. Connah's Quay is located in Flintshire.


title: Signy-Avenex

paragraphs: Signy-Avenex is a municipality in Nyon in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.


title: Prentiss County, Mississippi

paragraphs: Prentiss County is a county in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2010 census, 25,275 people lived there. Its county seat is Booneville.


title: Momoko Sakura

paragraphs: Momoko Sakura (8 May 1965 – 15 August 2018) is a Japanese cartoonist, essayist, songwriter, and screenwriter. Sakura is famous for writing the manga series "Chibi Maruko-chan" in which the protagonist has the same name as her, and in which the story is based on her childhood.

paragraphs: Sakura was born in Shimizu City in the Shizuoka prefecture of Japan.

paragraphs: Over the years the "Chibi Maruko-chan" book series has gotten a lot of success. More than 30 million copies were sold. Sakura was also a very popular author, as she had a very unique viewpoint and narrative in her stories, especially in the stories "Momokanzume", "Saru no Koshikake" and "Tai no Okashira" which have sold over a million copies.


title: Corn dog

paragraphs: A corn dog is a sausage on a stick coated in a thick layer of cornmeal batter and deep-fried. The sausage used in a corn dog is usually the same types that are used in hot dogs. It is a popular type of fast food or street food.

paragraphs: Corn dogs originate from the United States in the 1920s. It is commonly found in American cuisine. They are found as a frozen food at most supermarkets.

paragraphs: Corn dogs were first introduced by German Texans in the 1920s. The corn dog was first made as just a sausage rolled in cornbread battered and fried. Many years later, sticks were added to corn dogs as a unique food-holding tool that would later create the modern corn dog.

paragraphs: On 1927, the idea of fried food on a stick was filed for a patent in the US. On 1929, the patent was accepted. On the patent, it states that many foods other than sausages can also be used in the same way that a corn dog is prepared. The patent also states that by having a stick, the stick would allow the fried food to be handled and eaten in a cleaner way.

paragraphs: The earliest known year when the corn dog was first prepared in the US was on 1937. During a high school baseball game in Adel, Iowa, ballpark vendors ran out of hot dog buns for their hot dogs. Roger Newman, a local tavern owner who runs one of the vendors, took the remaining hot dogs in order to make corn dogs without sticks. He breaded each hot dog in a cornmeal batter that he had prepared for an upcoming fish fry, and returned to the ballpark with these corn dogs. Even though there were not any sticks for any of the corn dogs, patrons held the corn dogs with a wide variety of different methods. Some patrons held the corn dogs with wax paper, paper cones, and even pocket knives.

paragraphs: Many current corn dog vendors believed that they invented or popularized the corn dog. Carl and Neil Fletcher claimed that they had popularized the corn dog by introducing "Corny Dogs" at the State Fair of Texas sometime between 1938 and 1942. The Pronto Pup vendors at the Minnesota State Fair claim to have invented the corn dog in 1941. On June 16, 1946, Cozy Dog Drive-in, in Springfield, Illinois, claims to have been the first to serve corn dogs on sticks. Also on 1946, Dave Barham opened the first location of Hot Dog on a Stick at Muscle Beach in Santa Monica, California.


title: The Wave in the Mind

paragraphs: The Wave in the Mind is a book by Ursula K. Le Guin. It is a collection of essays. Shambhala Publications published the book in 2004. The ISBN is .


title: Steering the Craft

paragraphs: Steering the Craft: Exercises and Discussions on Story Writing for the Lone Mariner and the Mutinous Crew is a 1998 nonfiction book by Ursula K. Le Guin. The book started as a writers' workshop led by Le Guin. There self-guided exercises and discussions in the book about how to write stories.


title: Black site

paragraphs: A black site is a place where prisoners are kept in secret.

paragraphs: The term was invented for places controlled by the CIA and used by the U.S. government in its War on Terror. They are used to hold people the CIA think are 'unlawful enemy combatants'.

paragraphs: U.S. President George W. Bush acknowledged the existence of secret prisons operated by the CIA during a speech on September 6, 2006. A claim that the black sites existed was made by "The Washington Post" in November 2005 and before this by human rights NGOs.

paragraphs: On the one hand, there is little or no legal authority for the operation of black sites by the United States or any other countries. On the other hand, many of the atrocities committed by anti-Western groups against civilians are far beyond the Geneva Conventions of war.


title: Mr. Satan

paragraphs: Mr. Satan (also known as Hercule) is a fictional character from the manga Dragon Ball and anime Dragon Ball Z. He also appears in Dragon Ball GT and Dragon Ball Super.

paragraphs: He is portrayed as a great fighter, champion of the world, cheered by all humanity. In reality he hides a clumsy and cowardly personality. Usually this duality is used for comedic gags.

paragraphs: He also has a daughter, Videl who will marry Son Gohan, son of Goku. In the Majin buu saga he befriends the good side of the antagonist.


title: Basshunter discography

paragraphs: Basshunter, a Swedish singer, record producer and DJ, has released six studio albums, one compilation album, one extended play, 27 singles, four promotional singles and seven remixes. "The Bassmachine", Basshunter's debut studio album, was released by Alex Music on 25 August 2004. In April 2006, he signed his first contract with Extensive Music and Warner Music Sweden. His single "Boten Anna" charted at number one on the Danish singles chart, where it stayed for fourteen weeks; it was certified triple platinum by IFPI Danmark. "Boten Anna" also reached number one in the Swedish singles chart and was certified platinum by IFPI Sverige. His second studio album "LOL", released on 28 August 2006, charted in the top five in Sweden, Denmark and Finland. The album was certified platinum by IFPI Finland and double platinum by IFPI Danmark. In late 2006, Basshunter released his albums "The Bassmachine" and "The Old Shit" through his own website. Basshunter's third single "Vi sitter i Ventrilo och spelar DotA" was certified gold by IFPI Danmark. Basshunter collaborated with the duo Patrik & Lillen on his single "Vifta med händerna".

paragraphs: The single "Now You're Gone", which uses the same music as "Boten Anna", was originally recorded by Mental Theo and sung by Sebastian Westwood but in 2007, Basshunter recorded a shorter version of "Now You're Gone" to appeal to international audiences. The song subsequently charted at number one on the British and Irish singles charts, and stayed there for five weeks. It was also certified platinum by the British Phonographic Industry and Recorded Music NZ. The second single released was a cover of the KC and the Sunshine Band song "Please Don't Go". The third single was "All I Ever Wanted", which uses the music from "Vi sitter i Ventrilo och spelar DotA" in the style of "Now You're Gone". It charted at number one in Ireland and at number two in the UK, and was certified gold by the British Phonographic Industry and Recorded Music NZ. "Now You're Gone – The Album" was released on 14 July 2008 and like the single was certified platinum by the British Phonographic Industry and Recorded Music NZ. The fourth single was "Angel in the Night", which was followed by a cover of Westlife's song "I Miss You". Basshunter's sixth and final single from "Now You're Gone – The Album" was "Walk on Water", which accompanied a deluxe edition re-release of the album featuring new remixes and the previous four singles from the album.

paragraphs: The single "Every Morning" was released before Basshunter's fifth studio album "Bass Generation", which was released on 25 September 2009. The album was certified silver by the British Phonographic Industry. The second single was "I Promised Myself", a cover of a Nick Kamen song. A compilation album titled "The Early Bedroom Sessions" was released on 3 December 2012; it Includes seven songs from "The Old Shit", all ten songs from "The Bassmachine", and the tracks "Go Down Now", "Trance Up" and "Wacco Will Kick Your Ass", which had previously appeared on singles, and three unreleased songs. On 13 May 2013 he released his sixth studio album "Calling Time". The album charted on the American Dance/Electronic Albums chart at number 25. Five tracks from the album were released as singles: "Saturday" (2010), "Fest i hela huset" (2011), "Northern Light", "Dream on the Dancefloor" (2012), "Crash & Burn" and "Calling Time" (2013). "Saturday" was certified gold by Recorded Music NZ. "Fest i hela huset" charted at number five in Sweden; it was recorded in collaboration with participants from the Swedish "Big Brother" series.


title: Piccolo (Dragon Ball)

paragraphs: Piccolo is a fictional character from the manga Dragon Ball by Akira Toriyama. The character also appears in the Anime Dragon Ball, Dragon Ball Z, Dragon Ball GT and Dragon Ball Super. He is the child and embodiment of Piccolo Daimao, who was defeated by Goku. First goal of Piccolo Junior is to defeat Goku in a battle, avenging his father's death. However Piccolo is defeated by his rival in the final match of The martial art tournament, instead of killing him Goku let him live.

paragraphs: Later in the story he trains Son Gohan,son of Goku, while Goku was dead in order to make him stronger.


title: Videl

paragraphs: Videl is a character from the manga Dragon Ball created by Akira Toriyama. She appears in the Anime Dragon Ball Z and Dragon Ball Super. She is the only daughter of Mr. Satan. Later she becomes Son Gohan 's wife and mother of Pan.


title: Paul Lambert

paragraphs: Paul Lambert (born 7 August 1969) is a Scottish professional football manager and former player, who is the manager of Ipswich Town.


title: Aston University

paragraphs: Aston University is a public university in the city centre of Birmingham, England. It received its royal charter from Queen Elizabeth II on 22 April 1966.

paragraphs: Aston is famous for having a placement year as part of many of its undergraduate degree courses. It pioneered the integrated placement year concept from its start in 1966.

paragraphs: In 1875, a School of Metallurgy was formed in the Birmingham and Midland Institute.

paragraphs: In 1895, the Birmingham Municipal Technical School separated from the Institute. It taught chemistry, physics, metallurgy and electrical engineering.

paragraphs: In 1911, commercial classes were introduced. By 1916, this had grown into an independent School of Commerce.

paragraphs: In 1927, the school changed its name to the Birmingham Central Technical College. This was to reflect its changing approach to teaching technology.

paragraphs: In 1951, the Technical College was renamed the "College of Technology, Birmingham".

paragraphs: Work began on the Main Building at Gosta Green. Princess Margaret laid one of the first foundation stones at the base of the new building in 1951. The building is said to be one of Europe's largest freestanding brick buildings.

paragraphs: In 1956 it became the UK's first College of Advanced Technology. It had a major expansion.

paragraphs: The college expanded again to a design by the City Architect of Birmingham Alwyn Sheppard Fidler between 1957 and 1965.

paragraphs: On 22 April 1966, it it was given its Royal Charter. It became the "University of Aston in Birmingham".

paragraphs: On 10 May 1966, the first Chancellor of the University, Lord Nelson of Stafford, was installed.

paragraphs: The Charter of the University outlines its objectives. These are appropriate to a technological university:

paragraphs: Due to the history of the institution, there is emphasis given to the sandwich course system and the maintenance of strong links with industry.

paragraphs: The motto of the University is the same as that of the City of Birmingham – "Forward".

paragraphs: In 1983, Aston University, Birmingham City Council, and Lloyds Bank, established Birmingham Technology Ltd.. This company manages the Aston Science Park. The science park is next to the university site. In 1984, the area was granted its own postal address "The Aston Triangle". This made the campus an official district of Birmingham. The logo of the establishment takes from the shape of the area.

paragraphs: In September 2010, Aston University hosted the British Science Festival. This is one of Europe's largest public science events.

paragraphs: Since May 2011, Sir John Sunderland has been the Chancellor.

paragraphs: The university is a lead sponsor of Aston University Engineering Academy. This university technical college (UTC) opened in September 2012. The UTC is for students aged 14 to 19 wishing to study and have a career in engineering. It is located at the edge of the Aston University campus.

paragraphs: In October 2014, the University announced a £35 million cash injection for a major upgrade of the campus. This included a new £19 million revamp of Aston Business School and improvement work to the Aston Institute of Photonic Technologies and the School of Languages and Social Sciences.

paragraphs: In October 2015, Aston launched the Aston Medical School. This was for postgraduate research students. In September 2018 the first Bachelor of Medicine MBChB course started. The course takes five years.

paragraphs: In February 2017, the University launched its online programme website. Four MSc programmes are offered 100% online to students in the UK and worldwide. It also offers the Aston Business School's MBA.

paragraphs: In July 2017, Aston became the first University in the UK to award degree apprenticeship graduates. Aston began working in close partnership with Capgemini, to create the first degree apprenticeship: "Digital and Technology Solutions" in 2012.

paragraphs: The university sits on a 40-acre campus at Gosta Green, in the city centre of Birmingham, England. The campus has accommodation for over 3000 students. It has sports facilities, a library, cafés, restaurants, pubs, shops, travel centre, hairdresser, health centre, dentist, places of worship, opticians, a bank, automated teller machines and outside leisure space.

paragraphs: Aston University Library is on four floors. It contains over 250,000 books and 800 current printed periodicals. It has over 700 reader places. It provides online access over 3,400 electronic journals. The Library is open 24 hours a day to Aston students and staff during exam time,and 12 hours a day during term time.

paragraphs: Around the campus there are open-access IT suites. They offer computer and internet access 24 hours a day. They offer access to software packages, database systems and computer-aided learning materials.

paragraphs: Aston University sports facilities include a 25m swimming pool, sauna and steam room, two sports halls, a gym, weights and fitness rooms, and a two storey dance studio. It has 35 sports clubs. The campus also has two floodlit sports pitches. Many of the University clubs train and compete in the British Universities and Colleges Sports (BUCS) Leagues. Away from the campus, the University manages a 40-acre sports ground with floodlit pitches and a pavilion for all outdoor sports.

paragraphs: All of the Aston University's faculties are based on one campus. They are organised into the following five schools:

paragraphs: The university's arms were granted on 18 March 1955 by Garter, Clarenceux and Norroy and Ulster Kings of Arms to the Birmingham Corporation. This was for use by the former College of Technology. They were designed to show the College's connection with the City and with the teaching of technology. The arms consist of a shield and crest.

paragraphs: The shield has two sections – the field (the main background) and a chief (the broad band across the top of the shield). The field is

paragraphs: coloured blue. The chief is coloured silver. On the field is a diagonal line of five gold diamonds joined one to the other. This is similar to the first quarter of the Arms of the City of Birmingham. It is incorporated in the Arms of the College to show its connection to the City. On the chief is depicted an open book bound in red placed between two black hammers. This shows the connection of the University with technology. The book represents learning. The hammers represent engineering and allied trades.

paragraphs: The crest is designed to stress the pursuit of knowledge. It consists of a red torch held erect by a forearm between two branches of gold laurel. Originally it would have been worn on the helmet of a fully armed person. The crest is always placed on the top of the helm. The method of joining the crest to the helm was usually concealed by decoration. In the University's arms this is done by the use of a wreath and a crown. The wreath is silver, red, and black. These colours being taken from the shield. On top is a mural crown (resembling a wall). This is reserved in modern grants for persons and organisations connected with public corporations. The cloth mantling hangs down from the top of the helm. This represents the cloak which was originally worn to protect the armour. It is coloured blue and gold. These being the two principal colours of the shield.

paragraphs: In 2016, Her Majesty's College of Arms granted the favour of supporters to Aston University's arms. This marked the 50th anniversary of the University. Professor Julia King, the Baroness Brown of Cambridge, the Vice-Chancellor, had made the request.

paragraphs: The Letters Patent was formally presented to Aston University by the York Herald, Michael Peter Desmond O'Donoghue Esq.. This was made in a service at St Phillips Cathedral, Birmingham, on 29th September 2016.

paragraphs: The arms are supported by a Canada goose and a red squirrel. The Canada goose is a symbol. It represents the family of geese living on the University campus. The squirrel is the crest of the arms of Aston Manor. This is a rebus. (The picture is a pun on the persons name. The owners of Aston Manor were the Holte family and a squirrel's nest is called a holt). This explains the ancient connection between the squirrel and Aston. The animal also appears on the University mace. It also appears on the Chancellor's chain of office. This chain was originally the property of the Mayor of Aston Manor.

paragraphs: The gorse around the animals' necks is a reference to Gosta Green. It was known as "Gostie" Green during the 18th century. This combined the name of the landowner (William de Gorsty) with the local plant called 'gorse'

paragraphs: The academic dress for graduates of the University is as follows:

paragraphs: In the 2008 Research Assessment Exercise, Aston University was ranked in the top 12 in the UK in all four of its broad subject areas. Of the research undertaken, 86% was described as 'internationally significant'. 88% of Aston academic staff were submitted for research assessment. This is one of the highest proportions in the UK. According to the Research Assessment Exercise, the university's strengths include Business and Management, General Engineering, subjects allied to Medicine (Optometry, Biology, Pharmacy and Psychology), Languages and European Studies.

paragraphs: In the 2012 QS World University Rankings, graduate employers ranked Aston University 51st for graduate employability. Aston was ranked in the top ten of all UK universities for its graduate employment record.

paragraphs: In 2012, Aston University was responsible for educating 2.3 per cent of the UK's millionaires. This placed Aston at number 8 in the UK.

paragraphs: In 2015, Aston was ranked as the 42nd best university in the world under 50 years old.

paragraphs: For 2018, it was put in the top 55 universities in the UK. It was ranked 18th for student experience in the Sunday Times Good University Guide.<ref name = "Aston University key facts 2017/2018"></ref>

paragraphs: Aston is ranked 34th in the University League Tables 2020.

paragraphs: Founded in 1947, Aston Business School (ABS) is one of the largest and oldest business schools in the UK.

paragraphs: In 1999, ABS was the first UK business school to be awarded the prestigious EQUIS accreditation.

paragraphs: The school's most recent Research Assessment Exercise was in 2008. All research areas submitted ranked in the top 12 in the UK. 45% of the research submitted was judged to be "excellent" or "world-leading".

paragraphs: In 2012, the business school's Masters Management course was ranked by the "Financial Times" as 36th in the world.

paragraphs: In 2014, Aston was 2nd in the UK for developing marketing professionals, 7th for finance professionals,23rd for accounting professionals. This was based on the career outcome data of more than 313 million LinkedIn members.

paragraphs: In 2019, Aston is in the top 1% of Business Schools Worldwide with Triple Accreditation (AMBA, AACSB and EQUIS). It is in the World Top 100 Universities for Business and Management Studies (QS Ranking 2019).

paragraphs: Aston Students' Union (SU) used to be called Aston "Guild" of Students. It is a non-profit independent charity. It was set up to represent and support its members. Most members are current students at Aston University. The SU operates a number of commercial and non-commercial services. These include; the Advice & Representation Centre (ARC), the Aston Athletic Union, the Aston Societies Federation, the SU Shop, Copyshop and B4 Bar. The Aston Athletic Union supports the university sports clubs. The Aston Societies Federation supports non-sporting societies.

paragraphs: The SU is funded by grant income from Aston University. This is added to by funds raised by the SU's commercial services. The SU is led by a Trustee Board of elected students and external trustees. Day-to-day management is by a team of permanent staff and the Executive Committee. The Executive Committeeby is an elected student team.

paragraphs: The SU building consists of 5 floors and is located in the centre of the Aston University Campus.

paragraphs: On 29 November 2006, the students voted to disaffiliate the Guild (now Union) from the National Union of Students. On 26 November 2014, they voted to re-affiliate.

paragraphs: In the 1970s, three tower blocks containing student accommodation were constructed on Aston University campus. They were named Dalton, Lawrence and Stafford Towers. In August 1999, the Lakeside complex added further student accommodation on to the campus.

paragraphs: In April 2007, Aston University submitted a planning application for demolition of the three 1970s towers. They were to be replaced by new student accommodation blocks, apartments for tutors, retail units and administrative offices.

paragraphs: On 8 May 2011, Lawrence and Dalton Towers were demolished.

paragraphs: On 27 April 2014, Stafford Tower, Gem Sports Centre and Lakeside Conference Centre were demolished. This made way for a new entrance to Aston University and a five-acre green space. The new landscaped area includes a walkway into the university from the city centre. It also contains a pavilion for teaching. The pavillion is also used as a catering facility for outdoor events. The new buildings are named the William Murdoch, the James Watt, the Harriet Martineau and the Mary Sturge Residences.

paragraphs: In 2016, Aston sold all of the student housing that it owned to UNITE Students.


title: Margaret Lyons

paragraphs: Margaret Lyons (November 21, 1923 – October 5, 2019), born Keiko Margaret Inouye, was the first female vice president of the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC). She was known for her role in the CBC's "Radio Revolution". Lyons was designated a Member of the Order of Canada in 2010 for her work in broadcasting.

paragraphs: Lyons died from medically assisted death in Toronto on October 5, 2019, at the age of 95.


title: Walter Fauntroy

paragraphs: Walter Edward Fauntroy (born February 6, 1933) is an American politician, civil rights activist and criminal. He is also a former delegate to the United States House of Representatives. He was a candidate for the 1972 and 1976 Democratic presidential nominations.

paragraphs: In 2012, Fauntroy disappeared and presumably fled the United States after a bench warrant was issued for his arrest. In 2016, Fauntroy returned to the United States and was arrested at Washington Dulles International Airport. He had been hiding in Ajman, the capital of the Emirate of Ajman in the United Arab Emirates.


title: Josip Elic

paragraphs: Josip Elic (March 10, 1921 – October 21, 2019) was an American actor. He was born in Butte, Montana. He was best known for his role as Bancini in "One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest".

paragraphs: Elic died at a nursing home in River Edge, New Jersey on October 21, 2019 from problems caused by a fall, aged 98.


title: Therese Zenz

paragraphs: Therese Zenz (15 October 1932 – 22 October 2019) was a German sprint canoer. She took part in the 1952, 1956 and 1960 Olympics and won three silver medals for the United Team of Germany in 1956 and 1960. She later became a coach for the West German team.

paragraphs: Zenz won three medals at the ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships with a gold (K-1 500 m: 1954 for Saar) and two bronzes (K-1 500 m and K-2 500 m: both 1958 for West Germany).


title: Anne Phelan

paragraphs: Anne Mary Phelan (2 August 1944 – 27 October 2019) was an Australian actress and activist. Her television soap opera roles included Myra Desmond in "Prisoner" (1980–1985) and Monica Taylor in "Something in the Air" (2000–2002).

paragraphs: She won the 2000 AFI (AACTA) Award for Best Actress in a Television Drama. She also won the 1988 AFI Award for Best Actress in a Miniseries for "Poor Man's Orange".

paragraphs: Phelan died on 27 October 2019 at the age of 75.


title: Carlo Strenger

paragraphs: Carlo Strenger (; July 16, 1958 – October 25, 2019) was a Swiss-Israeli psychologist, philosopher, existential psychoanalyst and public intellectual. He was professor of psychology and philosophy at Tel Aviv University. He was a senior research fellow at the Center for the Study of Terrorism at John Jay College. He was a columnist for "Haaretz" and for "Neue Zürcher Zeitung".


title: Don Valentine

paragraphs: Donald Thomas Valentine (June 26, 1932 – October 25, 2019) was an American venture capitalist. His companies focused on technology companies in the United States. He was called the "grandfather of Silicon Valley venture capital".

paragraphs: Valentine died on October 25, 2019 in Woodside, California at the age of 87.


title: Vladimir Bukovsky

paragraphs: Vladimir Konstantinovich Bukovsky (; 30 December 1942 – 27 October 2019) was a Russian-born British human rights activist and writer.

paragraphs: From the late 1950s to the mid-1970s, he was a known figure in the Soviet dissident movement. He spent a total of twelve years in the psychiatric prison-hospitals, labour camps, and prisons of the Soviet Union.

paragraphs: He was a member of the international advisory council of the Victims of Communism Memorial Foundation, a director of the Gratitude Fund (set up in 1998 to commemorate and support former dissidents), and a member of the International Council of the New York City-based Human Rights Foundation.

paragraphs: In 2001, Bukovsky received the Truman-Reagan Medal of Freedom.

paragraphs: In May 2007, Bukovsky announced his plans to run as candidate for president in the May 2008 Russian presidential election. On 16 December 2007, Bukovsky was officially nominated to run against Dmitry Medvedev and other candidates.

paragraphs: Bukovsky died on 27 October 2019 at a hospital in Cambridge, Cambridgeshire from heart failure at the age of 76.


title: Paul Barrere

paragraphs: Paul Barrere (July 3, 1948 – October 26, 2019) was an American guitarist. He was a member of the band Little Feat, which he joined in 1972.

paragraphs: Barrere died on October 26, 2019 at the age of 71 in Los Angeles, California of liver cancer.


title: Bernie Parrish

paragraphs: Bernard Paul Parrish (April 29, 1936 – October 23, 2019) was an American college and professional football player. He was a cornerback in the National Football League (NFL) and American Football League (AFL) for eight seasons during the 1950s and 1960s. Parrish played college football for the University of Florida. He played professionally for the Cleveland Browns of the NFL and the Houston Oilers of the AFL. He was born in Long Beach, California.

paragraphs: Parrish died on October 23, 2019 from prostate cancer in Springfield, Missouri at the age of 83.


title: Enriqueta Basilio

paragraphs: Norma Enriqueta Basilio Sotelo, also known as Queta Basilio (15 July 1948 – 26 October 2019) was a Mexican track and field athlete. She made history by being the first woman to light the Olympic Cauldron. She was the last torch-bearer of the 19th Summer Olympics in Mexico City on 12 October 1968.

paragraphs: Basilio died in Mexico City on 26 October 2019 of pneumonia at the age of 71.


title: Chuck Meriwether

paragraphs: Julius Edward "Chuck" Meriwether (June 30, 1956 – October 26, 2019) was a Major League Baseball (MLB) umpire. He worked in the American League (AL) from 1988 to 1999. He umpired in both leagues from 2000 to 2009. Meriwether originally wore number 32, but in 2004 switched to number 14.

paragraphs: Meriwether died at his home in Nashville, Tennessee on October 26, 2019 at the age of 63 from cancer.


title: V. Nanammal

paragraphs: V. Nanammal (1920 – 26 October 2019) was an Indian Yoga teacher. She trained one million students over 45 years and taught one hundred students daily. Six hundred of her students have become Yoga instructors around the world.

paragraphs: Her work was honored with India's National Nari Shakti Puraskar in 2016 and the country's fourth highest civilian award the Padma Shri in 2018.


title: Gregory E. Pyle

paragraphs: Gregory Eli Pyle (April 25, 1949 – October 26, 2019) was an American politician. He was the Chief of the Choctaw Nation of Oklahoma from 1997 through 2014. He was born in Fort Bragg, California. Pyle was a member of the Democratic Party.

paragraphs: Pyle died on October 26, 2019 in Durant, Oklahoma at the age of 70.