title: Jamie Allison

paragraphs: James E. Allison (born May 13, 1975) is a Canadian retired professional ice hockey defenceman. He played a career total of 372 games in the National Hockey League (NHL). He played for the Calgary Flames, Chicago Blackhawks, Columbus Blue Jackets, Nashville Predators, and Florida Panthers.

paragraphs: Before playing in the NHL, Allison played 1 year with the Windsor Spitfires and 3 years with the Detroit Jr. Red Wings of the Ontario Hockey League (OHL).

paragraphs: Allison was drafted with the 44th overall pick by the Calgary Flames in the 1993 NHL Entry Draft. He played 64 games with the Flames, 142 games with the Chicago Blackhawks, 37 more games with the Flames, 55 games with the Columbus Blue Jackets, 67 games with Nashville Predators and 7 games with the Florida Panthers. Allison retired from playing professional ice hockey in 2007. Since retiring, Allison started The Hockey Force Hockey Camp which helps teach kids both hockey and life skills which helps them on and off the ice.


title: Todd White

paragraphs: Todd White (born May 21, 1975) is a Canadian retired professional ice hockey centre. He played a career total of 653 games in the National Hockey League (NHL). He played for the Chicago Blackhawks, Philadelphia Flyers, Ottawa Senators, Minnesota Wild, Atlanta Thrashers, and New York Rangers.

paragraphs: Before playing in the NHL, White played 4 years of college hockey with Clarkson University. During his time playing college hockey, he was named as a Hobey Baker Award finalist.

paragraphs: He went undrafted but he signed a contract with the Chicago Blackhawks on August 6, 1997. He played 43 games with the Blackhawks before he was traded to the Philadelphia Flyers for a conditional draft pick. White spent most of his time with the Flyer's AHL affiliate team, Philadelphia Phantoms.

paragraphs: He only played 3 games with the Flyers before he signed as a free agent with the Ottawa Senators on July 12, 2000.

paragraphs: He had some success with the Senators and was able to reach the second round of the playoffs with the but they were eliminated by the Toronto Maple Leafs. The next year, he was able to make the playoffs but they were again eliminated by the Maple Leafs this time in the first round.

paragraphs: When the season ended, White was traded to the Minnesota Wild for a fourth round draft pick.

paragraphs: He played 2 seasons with the Wild and signed a four-year contract with the Atlanta Thrashers. He was traded to the New York Rangers for Donald Brashear and Patrick Rissmiller on August 2, 2010. He retired from playing professional ice hockey in 2011.


title: Sino-Indian border dispute

paragraphs: The Sino-Indian border dispute is about several territories that are claimed by both the People's Republic of China and the Republic of India. The farthest west, Aksai Chin, is part of another dispute involving Pakistan. It is controlled by China but is claimed by the Government of India. They consider it part of the region of Xinjiang. It is place where very few people live. The other large disputed territory is to the east. It is south of the McMahon Line. It used to be called the North East Frontier Agency. It is now called South Tibet. The McMahon Line was part of the 1914 Simla Convention between British India and Tibet. China rejected the agreement.

paragraphs: In 1975 India annexed the territory of Sikkim. This was rejected by China. Today, the Sikkim-China border's most northern point, "The Finger", is still disputed.


title: Nancy Kelly

paragraphs: Nancy Kelly (March 25, 1921 – January 2, 1995) was an American actress. She was a leading movie lady in the 1930s. She made movies between 1926 and 1977. In "The Bad Seed", she played Christine. In "Show Business" (1944), she played Nancy Gae.

paragraphs: Kelly was born in Lowell, Massachusetts. She died from diabetes in Bel-Air, California at age seventy-three.


title: Patricia Highsmith

paragraphs: Patricia Highsmith (previously: Mary Patricia Plangman; 19 January 1921 – 4 February 1995) was an American novelist and short story writer. She was known for psychological thrillers.

paragraphs: She wrote the novel "The Talented Mr. Ripley" in 1955. Her first book, "Strangers on a Train" was 1950. Some of her novels included homosexual themes or undertones.

paragraphs: The novelist was born in Fort Worth, Texas. She had sexual relationships with men and women. She died in Locano, Switzerland from aplastic anemia at age seventy-four.


title: Melvin Franklin

paragraphs: David Melvin English (later Melvin Franklin; October 12, 1942 – February 23, 1995) was an American bass singer. He was known for being in the Motown group The Temptations.

paragraphs: In the late 1960s, Franklin developed rheumatoid arthritis. He used cortisone to treat it. The cortisone made his immune system not work well. He also developed diabetes.

paragraphs: Franklin was born in Montgomery, Alabama. He moved to Detroit. He died because of several seizures at age fifty-two.


title: Ed Flanders

paragraphs: Edward Paul "Ed" Flanders (December 29, 1934 – February 22, 1995) was an American actor. He was best known for playing Dr. Donald Westphall in the television series "St. Elsewhere". He also played Richard in the movie "The Ninth Configuration".

paragraphs: Flanders was born in Minneapolis, Minnesota. He died after shooting himself in Denny, California at age 60.


title: Linda Gary

paragraphs: Linda Gary (November 4, 1944 – October 5, 1995) was an American voice actress and voice over artist who did animated projects. She voiced the character of Jane on "Tarzan, Lord of the Jungle". In "Web Woman", she voiced the title character.

paragraphs: Gary was born in California. She died from brain cancer in North Hollywood, California.


title: Mary Wickes

paragraphs: Mary Wickes (originally Wickenhauser; June 3, 1910 – October 22, 1995) was an American actress. She first performed on Broadway in "The Farmer Takes a Wife". She also acted as Nurse Preen in "The Man Who Came to Dinner".

paragraphs: Mary Wickes was born in St. Louis, Missouri. She died in Los Angeles as a result of surgical complications.


title: Alicia de Larrocha

paragraphs: Alicia de Larrocha i de la Calle (May 23, 1923 – September 25, 2009) was a Spanish pianist. She received many Grammy Awards. She performed for 76 years, following which she retired.

paragraphs: De Larrocha was born in Barcelona. She died at age 86 after declining health.


title: Arrondissements of the Tarn department

paragraphs: There are 2 arrondissements in the Tarn department. The French departments, and in other countries, are divided into "arrondissements", which may be translated into English as districts (in some cases, as boroughs). The capital of an arrondissement is called a subprefecture.

paragraphs: If the prefecture (capital) of the department is in an arrondissement, that prefecture is the capital of the arrondissement, acting both as a prefecture and as a subprefecture.

paragraphs: The arrondissements are further divided into cantons and communes.

paragraphs: The arrondissements of the Tarn department are:

paragraphs: Since its creation, the Tarn department has had few changes:


title: Arrondissement of Albi

paragraphs: The arrondissement of Albi is an arrondissement of France. It is part of the Tarn "département". Its capital, and of the department, is the city of Albi.

paragraphs: When the "arrondissements" were created in 1800, Albi was one of them in the Tarn department.

paragraphs: It is the northernmost of the "arrondissements" of the department, with an area of , the largest in area of the department. It has 190,101 inhabitants and a population density of inhabitants/km².

paragraphs: The "arrondissement" is bordered to the north by the Tarn-et-Garonne (Occitanie) department, to the west by the Aveyron (Occitanie) department, to the south by the "arrondissement" of Castres and to the south by the Haute-Garonne (Occitanie) department.

paragraphs: After the reorganisation of the cantons in France, cantons are not subdivisions of the "arrondissements" so they could have "communes" that belong to different "arrondissements". That is the case of the Le Haut Dadou and the Les Portes du Tarn cantons where some "communes" are in the "arrondissement" of Albi and others in the "arrondissement" of Castres. The following table shows the distribution of the "communes" in the cantons and "arrondissements":

paragraphs: The "arrondissement" of Albi has 169 "communes"; they are (with their INSEE codes):

paragraphs: The "communes" with more inhabitants in the "arrondissement" are:


title: Tarn (river)

paragraphs: The Tarn is a river in southern France, tributary of the Garonne river. The Tarn and Tarn-et-Garonne departments are named after this river.

paragraphs: The Tarn river has a length of and a drainage basin with an area of .

paragraphs: Its average yearly discharge (volume of water which passes through a section of the river per unit of time) is at Moissac, near the confluence with the Garonne, in the Tarn-et-Garonne department for a period of 57 years.

paragraphs: Average monthly discharge (m/s) at Moissac

paragraphs: The source of the Tarn is on the Mont Lozère, in the Cévennes, southeastern Massif Central, in the "commune" of Le Pont-de-Montvert, Lozère department, at an altitude of about .

paragraphs: The Tarn flows to the southwest, in general, and passes through the following regions, departments and "communes":

paragraphs: The Tarn river flows through a total of 104 "communes".

paragraphs: Finally, it flows, as a right tributary into the Garonne near Moissac, in the Tarn-et-Garonne department, at of altitude.

paragraphs: The main tributaries, with a length greater than 25 km, of the Tarn are:


title: Division of Leichhardt

paragraphs: The Division of Leichhardt is an Australian Electoral Division in Queensland. It was set up in 1949. It is one of Australia's largest electorates, covering an area from Cairns to Cape York and the Torres Strait, including the Torres Strait Islands.

paragraphs: The division is named after Ludwig Leichhardt, an explorer and scientist.

paragraphs: Most of the electorate is almost uninhabited except for small Aboriginal communities. The southeast corner includes, the Wet Tropics, and includes urban Cairns. There are small, intensive sugar cane, banana and mango farms in this region. The main towns are Aurukun, Bamaga, Cairns, Cooktown, Hope Vale, Kowanyama, Kuranda, Lockhart River, Mossman, Pormpuraaw, Port Douglas, Thursday Island and Weipa.


title: Division of Lilley

paragraphs: The Division of Lilley is an Australian Electoral Division in Queensland. It was set up in 1913. The division is named after Sir Charles Lilley, a former Premier of Queensland and Chief Justice in the Supreme Court of Queensland.

paragraphs: Lilley covers the north-eastern parts of Brisbane and includes Ascot, Banyo, Boondall, Brighton, Chermside, Deagon, Geebung, Gordon Park, Hamilton, Hendra, Kedron, Northgate, Nudgee, Nundah, Pinkenba, Sandgate, Shorncliffe, Taigum, Virginia, Wavell Heights, Wooloowin, and Zillmere, and parts of Albion, Aspley, and Lutwyche.

paragraphs: Wayne Swan was Deputy Prime Minister, Treasurer and Deputy Leader of the Australian Labor Party.


title: Teletoon

paragraphs: Teletoon is a Canadian-English television channel. It is owned by Corus Entertainment. The channel shows mostly cartoons. Its live-action programs are usually movies. Most programs are for family. Teletoon at Night has shows for older teenagers and adults from 9:00 p.m. to 12:00 am.

paragraphs: Teletoon usually shows animated series. There are original ones and imported ones. Its daytime shows are for children and younger teenagers. Nighttime shows are for older teenagers and adults.

paragraphs: Teletoon operates two feeds. One is for the Eastern Time Zone. The other is for the Pacific Time Zone. As of 2013, Teletoon and its French-language version were available in over 7.3 million Canadian homes. In 2013, Corus Entertainment bought Teletoon from Teletoon Canada Inc. for 37 million dollars.


title: Division of Longman

paragraphs: The Division of Longman is an Australian Electoral Division in Queensland. It was set up in 1994. The division is named after Irene Longman, the first female member of the Parliament of Queensland and the third woman elected to a parliament in Australia.

paragraphs: Longman covers much of the Moreton Bay Region. It includes Beachmere, Bribie Island, Burpengary, Dakabin, Donnybrook, Kallangur, Ningi, Toorbul, Caboolture, Morayfield, Wamuran Woodford and Narangba.


title: The Biggest Loser

paragraphs: The Biggest Loser is a reality television series. The original American version started airing on October 19, 2004. Many other countries have their own versions.

paragraphs: It was originally hosted by Caroline Rhea from 2004 to 2006. In 2007 starting with the fourth season, Alison Sweeney took over as host. In 2015, Sweeney left as host and trainer Bob Harper took over as host for the 17th season that aired in 2016.

paragraphs: Bob Harper and Jillian Michaels were the original personal trainers of the show when the show got on the air. Since then trainers such as Cara Castruonova, Jessie Pavelka, Kim Lyons, Brett Hoebel and Anna Kournikova have also trained on the show. The current trainers are Dolvett Quince and Jennifer Widerstrom.

paragraphs: A spin-off called "Losing It with Jillian" aired in the summer of 2010.

paragraphs: It originally aired in standard definition, but started airing in high definition in the 10th season.

paragraphs: No new seasons have aired since 2016. While the show has not been formally cancelled, the show is being investigated as to whether contestants were given drugs.

paragraphs: The Biggest Loser also airs internationally in many other countries.


title: Datteln

paragraphs: Datteln is a town in the North Rhine-Westphalia state of Germany. As of 9/5/2011, 34,481 people lived there. Datteln is in the Recklinghausen Rural District. It is at the intersection of four canals: the Datteln-Hamm Canal, the Wesel-Datteln Canal, the Dortmund-Ems Canal and the Rhein-Herne Canal. This is the largest canal junction in the world.

paragraphs: Datteln has the very large, controversial E-on power plant, one of the world's most advanced hard coal-fired power plants.


title: Jay Lake

paragraphs: Joseph Edward "Joe" Lake, Jr. (June 6, 1964 – June 1, 2014) was an American science fiction and fantasy writer. His best known works were "Trial of Flowers" (2006), "Mainspring" (2007), "Escapement" (2008), "Madness of Flowers" (2009) and "Pinion" (2010). He was a quarterly first place winner in the Writers of the Future contest in 2003. In 2004, he won the John W. Campbell Award for Best New Writer in Science Fiction.

paragraphs: Lake was born in Taiwan to foreign service officer Joseph Edward Lake (born 1941). He was raised in both Taiwan and Nigeria before settling in the United States.

paragraphs: Lake died from a long battle with colorectal cancer on June 1, 2014 in Portland, Oregon. He was 49, and died just five day before his 50th birthday.


title: 1974 FIFA World Cup Final

paragraphs: The 1974 FIFA World Cup Final was the final match of the 1974 FIFA World Cup. The match was played with the teams West Germany and the Netherlands. The West Germans won the match 2–1, winning their second world cup title.


title: Pivot table

paragraphs: A pivot table is a data summary tool. It is found in programs such as spreadsheets or databases. A pivot-table can automatically sort, total or give the average of the data stored in a table. It displays the results in a second table (called a "pivot table"). The pivot table shows the summarized data. Most pivot tables do not automatically update when the spreadsheet or database it is based on changes.


title: Wheels of Terror

paragraphs: Wheels of Terror is a Paramount/Viacom television movie recorded in July 1989 and released in July 1990. Kimberly Duncan (born 9?/1?/1977) from Kids Incorporated played Kimberly "Kim" Donaldson


title: Kazuo Matsui

paragraphs: Kazuo Matsui (born 23 October 1975 in Osaka) is a Japanese baseball player. His nickname is Kaz. He was a second baseman and shortstop. He played for the Houston Astros. He also played for the Colorado Rockies and the New York Mets. In 2011, he began playing for the Tohoku Rakuten Golden Eagles.He played for the Seibu Lions from 1995 to 2003 and played for them again in 2018.


title: Marzipan

paragraphs: Marzipan is a confection often used in sweets and cakes.

paragraphs: It is made of sugar or honey and crushed almonds ('almond meal'). Sometimes almond oil or extract is added. It is made into sweets, and rolled into thin sheets for putting round cakes. The sweets are marzipan-filled chocolate and small marzipan imitations of fruits and vegetables. Used as a covering for cakes, it is glazed. Glazing is a cooking technique which make it harder, and avoid unsightly damage.


title: Ed Davey

paragraphs: Sir Edward Jonathan "Ed" Davey (born 25 December 1965) was a British Liberal Democrat politician. He was born in Nottingham. He was the Member of Parliament (MP) for Kingston from 1997. In 2012, he became the Secretary of State for Energy and Climate Change. In 2015 he lost his seat in the election, the first cabinet minister to lose his seat since 1977.

paragraphs: Davey won his seat back in the 2017 general election.

paragraphs: In 2019, he ran for the Liberal Democratic leadership post. He lost the leadership race to Jo Swinson. He later became Deputy Leader of the Liberal Democrats.

paragraphs: After Swinson lost her seat in the 2019 election, he became acting Leader of the Liberal Democrats. In August 2020, he was elected Leader of the Liberal Democrats, beating Layla Moran in the contest.


title: Member of the European Parliament

paragraphs: A Member of the European Parliament is a person who has been elected to the European Parliament. They are often called MEPs.


title: 2001 United Kingdom general election

paragraphs: The United Kingdom general election, 2001 was held on Thursday 7 June 2001 to elect 659 members to the British House of Commons.

paragraphs: It was called "the quiet landslide" by the media, as the Labour Party was re-elected with another landslide result and only suffered a net loss of 5 seats, with lower turnout of 59.4%, compared to 71.3% in the previous election. Tony Blair went on to become the first Labour Prime Minister to serve a second full term in as Prime Minister.


title: White Dog

paragraphs: White Dog is a 1982 American drama movie. It is about a white dog that is trained to attack black people. Burl Ives plays Carruthers. Kristy McNichol plays Julie Sawyer.

paragraphs: The movie was very controversial for its racial themes. Paramount Pictures didn't release it for a long time because of concern for negative press. It was finally released uncut in the United States in December 2008.

paragraphs: The movie received very good reviews from critics.


title: Odunlade Adekola

paragraphs: Odunlade Adekola (born December 31, 1978) is a Nigerian yoruba Nollywood actor and Glo ambassador.


title: IOS 8

paragraphs: iOS 8 is the eighth major version of Apple's mobile operating system, iOS. It was announced at the company's Worldwide Developers Conference (WWDC) on June 2, 2014. It contains several new features, such as an app named Health, and a framework called HealthKit.

paragraphs: Siri is able to be activated hands-free when it is plugged into power and can also tell users what song is playing using Shazam integration.

paragraphs: The Golden Master of iOS 8 was released to developers on September 9, 2014, and the final release of iOS 8 was released to the public on September 17, 2014.

paragraphs: The Photos app now has more options to edit the user's pictures. The cropping feature now allows the user to turn the image clockwise and counter-clockwise. The user can also set the brightness and colors you want for the user's pictures. The Camera app now has a shot timer that can be set for 3 or 10 seconds.

paragraphs: Users can send audio and video messages by holding down the record button.

paragraphs: The design of iOS 8 is the same as iOS 7 or iOS 7.1. There are some small changes such as added transparency and faster animation effects. The multitasking screen now shows a list of contacts that the user has talked with recently, as well as the user's favorite contacts.

paragraphs: iOS 8 also includes a new predictive typing feature called QuickType. It displays word selections above the keyboard as the user types. The feature can be turned off in Settings, or hidden using a swipe gesture. In addition, iOS 8 will allow users to install third-party keyboards.

paragraphs: In iOS 8, a user can add six other people as family members. Family members can share purchased apps, music, and books using the same credit card. iOS 8 can also set up photo streams for every family member. The calendar can also sync between all family members.

paragraphs: iCloud Drive allows users to save photos, videos, documents, music, and other data on iCloud. A user can start their work on one device and continue their work on another device. Users will get 5 GB of storage for free, but they can buy more storage.

paragraphs: HealthKit is a service that allows developers to make software that will be included in the new Health app. This app tracks user's steps, oxygen, sleep and other data. Users can also make an emergency card to help them in case of an emergency. HealthKit is only on iOS 8.4 or later/Higher.

paragraphs: Continuity allows users to share e-mails and websites over Wi-Fi. It also allows users to answer phone calls and respond to text messages on their Mac or iPad. This feature works on devices that have OS X Yosemite or iOS 8.

paragraphs: Spotlight now gives the user suggestions from Wikipedia entries, places nearby, trending news, and more. It’s even smart enough to recognize context and location to offer users the most relevant information.

paragraphs: In iOS 8, Apple integrated Wi-Fi calling. This service allows mobile phone calls over Wi-Fi. It is planned to be available for customers of T-Mobile in the US.Apple developers have removed many errors in IOS 8 Beta 5 like Wi-Fi sync but many other problems are still there

paragraphs: A study by Crittercism found that the rate at which applications crashed in their tests was 3.56% on iOS 8, higher than the 2% found on iOS 7.1.

paragraphs: Although the update is officially available for the iPhone 4S, it is recommended that users of the iPhone 4S do not upgrade, due to problems such as the battery draining quickly and the phone hanging up whenever a user makes a call.

paragraphs: On September 24, 2014, the iOS 8.0.1 release caused problems for iPhone 6 devices by turning off Touch ID and not allowing the phone to make calls. The update was released at 12:00 PM EST, and at around 2:00 PM EST, Apple removed the update due to these problems, as well as other small problems. A day later, Apple released iOS 8.0.2 which has all the fixes included with iOS 8.0.1 and also fixes the problems that iOS 8.0.1 brought.


title: Christine (1983 movie)

paragraphs: Christine is a 1983 horror mystery thriller movie. This movie is set in 1978. It is about an automobile named Christine, a Plymouth Fury from 1958.

paragraphs: This movie was released in North America on December 9, 1983.

paragraphs: The movie got very good reviews from critics.


title: Betrayal (movie)

paragraphs: Betrayal is a 1983 British autobiography movie. The movie is about a seven-year affair. Ben Kingsley plays Robert. Jeremy Irons plays Jerry.

paragraphs: The movie was shown in New York City before its release everywhere else.


title: Christine Charbonneau

paragraphs: Christine Charbonneau (18 October 1943 – 29 May 2014) was a Canadian singer and songwriter. She made her first appearance in 1973. She worked with Celine Dion during her thirty-year career.

paragraphs: In 1975, Charbonneau recorded her first album "Censuré".

paragraphs: Charbonneau was born in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. He died from cancer, aged 70.


title: Henning Carlsen

paragraphs: Henning Carlsen (4 June 1927 – 30 May 2014) was a Danish movie director, screenwriter, and producer. He is known for directing "Hunger" and "People Meet and Sweat Music Fills the Heart". He won two Bodil Awards.

paragraphs: Carlsen died in Copenhagen, Denmark from natural causes, aged 86.


title: Marilyn Beck

paragraphs: Marilyn Beck (December 17, 1928 – May 31, 2014) was an American columnist. Her career began in 1961. She wrote many articles about celebrities such as gossip. She worked for People and US magazines.

paragraphs: Beck was born in Chicago and moved to Los Angeles when she was a child.

paragraphs: Beck died from lung cancer in Oceanside, California, aged 85.


title: Gossip

paragraphs: Gossip is when someone spreads a rumor, mostly about personal or private affairs of others, which can be true or false. The name "gossip" mostly became known during the 16th Century. The word is from Old English "godsibb", from "god" and "sibb".


title: Rumor

paragraphs: A rumor or rumour is often thought as myth or tall tale surrounding a person that might or might not be true. However, a review of the research on rumor made by Pendleton in 1998 found that research across sociology, psychology, and communication studies had made definitions of rumor. The word "rumor" became known during the 1920s and was used as propaganda.


title: Hoss Ellington

paragraphs: Hoss Ellington (May 12, 1935 – May 31, 2014) was an American NASCAR driver and team owner. He made 31 starts as a driver between 1968 and 1970 in the Grand National (now Sprint Cup). Of those races, he finished in the top 10 four times, all in 1969. He later became a team owner with success. He had five wins, four of them by Donnie Allison and the other one by David Pearson. He fielded cars for drivers such as Fred Lorenzen, Cale Yarborough, A. J. Foyt, Donnie Allison, David Pearson, Kyle Petty, and Dale Jarrett, as well as others.

paragraphs: Ellington was born in Raleigh, North Carolina.

paragraphs: Ellington died from liver cancer on May 31, 2014 in Wilmington, North Carolina, aged 79.


title: Alexander Shulgin

paragraphs: Alexander Theodore "Sasha" Shulgin (June 17, 1925 – June 2, 2014) was an American medicinal chemist, biochemist, pharmacologist, psychopharmacologist, and writer. He is best known for introducing MDMA (an ingredient of "ecstasy") to psychologists in the late 1970s for psychopharmaceutical use.

paragraphs: Shulgin was born in Berkeley, California. He was of Russian origin. His son, Theodore, died from cancer on May 15, 2011. Before he died, he was living on a farm in Lafayette, California.

paragraphs: Shulgin died after a long battle with liver cancer in his home in Lafayette, California on June 2, 2014, aged 88. He was outlived by his wife, Ann Shulgin.


title: 9th Illinois Volunteer Infantry Regiment

paragraphs: The 9th Regiment Illinois Volunteer Infantry was an infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War.

paragraphs: Shortly after the Battle of Fort Sumter, President Lincoln called for 75,000 volunteers. They were to serve for three months. The state of Illinois put out a call to form units. Six companies came from St. Clair County. Madison County sent three companies. Montgomery county sent one company. All nine companies met at Springfield, Illinois on April 23, 1861. There they were formed into the 9th Regiment, Illinois volunteer infantry. There were rumors that the Confederates intended to invade at Cairo, Illinois. In response, orders were issued for the 9th Infantry to occupy Cairo. They arrived and set up camp on May 1, 1861.

paragraphs: The first few months were spent on the Mississippi river guarding Cairo. Their three-month enlistments were up in July. Most of the men reenlisted for three years. In September the regiment moved to Paducah, Kentucky. There they did little more than drill practice. On February 15, 1862 they joined the fighting at the Battle of Fort Donelson. Their losses included 36 killed and 165 wounded, out of a total strength of 600. After the Confederates surrendered, they were transported by riverboats up the Tennessee River. They left the boats at Pittsburg Landing, Tennessee and camped nearby. On April 6, 1862 they woke up to the sound of cannons. While they were waiting to join the battle, new orders were given. They were ordered to exchange their gray coats for Union blue. This way they would not be mistaken for Confederate troops. They then joined the battle of Shiloh. They fought most of the day. At Shiloh the 9th Illinois had the highest casualties of any Illinois unit. They lost 366 of their comrades They also fought at the Second Battle of Corinth. The regiment was changed to the 9th Illinois Volunteer Mounted Infantry Regiment on March 15, 1863. On July 9, 1865 the 9th Illinois Infantry was mustered out (released from military service) at Louisville, Kentucky.

paragraphs: The regiment suffered 5 officers and 211 recruited men killed in action or mortally wounded. 1 officer and 200 enlisted men died of disease. In total there were 417 casualties (persons killed or wounded).

paragraphs: The 9th Illinois volunteers, along with the 8th, 11th, and 12th, all wore gray coats trimmed in blue. They also wore Zouave caps. In 1862, they changed to the same blue uniforms as other Union Army regiments. Most of the Illinois infantry regiments used Springfield Model 1861 muskets.


title: Lafayette, California

paragraphs: Lafayette is a city in Contra Costa County, California. It has a population of 24,285 residents as of 2011. The city is known for its hills and for its good schools.


title: Karlheinz Hackl

paragraphs: Karlheinz Hackl (16 May 1949 – 1 June 2014) was an Austrian actor, singer and theater director. His best known movie roles are "Sophie's Choice" (1982) and "The Wall" (2012).

paragraphs: Hackl was born in Vienna. In 1997, he married Austrian actress Maria Köstlinger.

paragraphs: Hackl died from a malignant brain tumor on 1 June 2014 in Vienna, aged 65.


title: Division of Maranoa

paragraphs: The Division of Maranoa is an Australian Electoral Division in Queensland. It was set up in 1901 for the first federal election. It is named after the Maranoa River, which runs through the division. It covers the south west of Queensland, and includes the towns of Charleville, Cunnamulla, Queensland, Dalby, Roma, Kingaroy, Stanthorpe, Winton and Warwick.


title: Minden, Louisiana

paragraphs: Minden is the parish seat of Webster Parish in the state of Louisiana, United States.


title: Vidalia, Louisiana

paragraphs: Vidalia is the parish seat of Concordia Parish, Louisiana, United States. it is the suburb of Natchez.


title: Winnsboro, Louisiana

paragraphs: Winnsboro is a city in the U.S. state of Louisiana. It is the parish seat of Franklin Parish.


title: Ruston, Louisiana

paragraphs: Ruston is the parish seat of Lincoln Parish, Louisiana, United States. Ruston is the Principal city of the Ruston micropolitan area which includes all the Lincoln and Jackson Parishes.

paragraphs: Ruston is located at (32.529674, -92.640466) and has an elevation of .

paragraphs: According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of , of which, of it is land and of it (0.44%) is water.

paragraphs: Regional cities and their distance from Ruston, Louisiana include:

paragraphs: list of Media in the Ruston Micropolitan area and East Central Ark-la-tex:


title: 2015 United Kingdom general election

paragraphs: The United Kingdom general election of 2015 elected the 56th Parliament of the United Kingdom. It was held on 7 May 2015. The three main political parties after the election are the Conservatives, the Labour Party and the Scottish National Party. The Conservative Party won enough seats to form the government.

paragraphs: Voting took place in all 650 parliamentary constituencies of the United Kingdom, each electing one Member of Parliament to the House of Commons, the lower house of Parliament. Local elections also took place in most of England on the same day, but not Greater London.

paragraphs: Also, the Speaker of the House of Commons John Bercow, who does not have a political party, was re-elected.

paragraphs: Some important Labour MPs lost their seats including the Shadow Chancellor Ed Balls and the leader of the Scottish Labour Party, Jim Murphy.

paragraphs: Many important Liberal Democrat MPs who had served in the coalition government also lost their seats, including business secretary Vince Cable, energy secretary Ed Davey and chief secretary to the treasury Danny Alexander.

paragraphs: The Conservative party won 330 seats and managed to form a majority government. David Cameron continued as the Prime Minister. Miliband, Clegg and Nigel Farage all resigned as leaders of their parties. Jim Murphy also resigned as leader of Scottish Labour.


title: Believe (Justin Bieber album)

paragraphs: Believe is the third studio album by Canadian pop singer, Justin Bieber. "Believe" was released on June 15, 2012 through Island Records.

paragraphs: The album peaked at #1 on the "Billboard" 200 on both the weekly and year-end charts. As of December 2015, "Belive" has sold more than 1,610,000 copies in the US. It also peaked at #1 on the Argentine, Australian, Austrian, Canadian, Croatian, Danish, Greek, Irish, Italian, Mexican, New Zealand, Norwegian, Spanish, Swedish, and UK Album charts.

paragraphs: On December 14, 2012, Bieber appeared on "The Ellen DeGeneres Show" and said that he was going to release an acoustic version of the album. He released it on January 29, 2013.


title: Clinometer

paragraphs: Clinometer is an instrument that measures vertical slopes,usually the angle between ground or the observer and a tall object. The name "clinometer" comes from Greek and English words. "Klinein" (Greek) means to slope. "Meter" (English) means measurement.

paragraphs: A simple way to create a clinometer is to tape a straw to the bottom of a protractor, then tape a piece of string to the 90 degree line. Finally, you can add a small weight onto the string to allow it to stay straight. It is recommended you use something with a hole in it, like a washer or a potato


title: Svyatoslav Belza

paragraphs: Svyatoslav Igorevich Belza (Russian: Святосла́в И́горевич Бэ́лза, April 26, 1942 – June 3, 2014) was a Soviet/Russian literary and musical scholar, critic and essayist. In 1980, he became a television presenter. He presented television shows that involved classical music and ballet. He was made People's Artist of Russia.

paragraphs: Belza was born in Chelyabinsk, RSFSR. He died in Munich, Germany from an illness, aged 72.


title: Gopinath Munde

paragraphs: Gopinath Pandurang Munde (12 December 1949 – 3 June 2014) was an Indian politician. He served as Minister of Rural Development from 26 May 2014 until his death on 3 June 2014. He was appointed by Prime Minister of India Narendra Modi. Before serving as minister, he served as Member of Lok Sabha from 2009 until his death in 2014.

paragraphs: Munde died in a car crash in New Delhi, aged 64.


title: Azlan Shah of Perak

paragraphs: Sultan Azlan Muhibbuddin Shah ibni Almarhum Sultan Yussuff Izzuddin Shah Ghafarullahu-lah, GCB, KStJ (19 April 1928 – 28 May 2014) was the ninth Yang di-Pertuan Agong of Malaysia. He was the Yang di-Pertuan Agong from 26 April 1989 to 25 April 1994.

paragraphs: Azlan died in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia from an illness, aged 86.


title: Pacific Palisades, Los Angeles

paragraphs: Pacific Palisades is a neighborhood in Los Angeles, California. It has a population of 27,000 residents as of 2010. It is near Malibu, California.


title: Felipe VI of Spain

paragraphs: King Felipe VI' (Spanish pronunciation: [feˈlipe], baptised as "Felipe Juan Pablo Alfonso de Todos los Santos de Borbón y de Grecia"; born 30 January 1968) is the current King of Spain. He is the eldest son, of former King Juan Carlos I and Queen Sofía of Spain, Feipe was born at ORPEA Madrid Loreto in Madrid, He was baptized at Palace of Zarzuela in Madrid.

paragraphs: On 2 June 2014, King Juan Carlos I announced that he would abdicate in favour of Felipe. Felipe became king on 19 June 2014 at 0:00 CET and was named Felipe VI.


title: Telangana

paragraphs: Telangana () is a state in southern India. It became the 29th state of India on 2nd June, 2014. Before that, it was part of Andhra Pradesh. It has a population of 39.12 million as per the 2017 census. Its capital is Hyderabad, being the largest city. Hyderabad was built by Quli Qutub Shah 400 years back on the banks of river Musi, with the Charminar at its centre. The rivers flowing through the state are Krishna, Godavari, Bhima, Manjira, Musi and Paleru. Telangana is a land locked state with Maharashtra, Karnataka, Chhattisgarh, and Andhra Pradesh as its border states. K. Chandrashekar Rao is the first and current Chief Minister of the state from the Telegana Rashtra Samithi (TRS). According to the data released by the Comptroller and Auditor-General of India in 2018, Telegana stands first in the states with respect to the average growth rate of its own tax revenue. It has achieved an average growth rate of 13.8% during the last 4 years. It has 17 Lok Sabha seats and 119 assembly seat

paragraphs: There were 10 districts in Telangana, viz. Adilabad, Hyderabad, Karimnagar, Khammam, Mahaboobnagar, Medak, Nalgonda, Nizamabad, Rangareddy and Warangal, which have been expanded into 32 districts, viz. Nirmal, Komarambheem, Jegityala, Kammareddy, Pedapali, Sidipet, Hanumakonda, Jayashenkar, Sangareddy, Yadadri, Suryapet, Shamshabad, Vanaparti and Nagarkarnool among others and the old ones.

paragraphs: Coal reserves in Telangana were first found at Singareni in Khammam. T-Hub started by Telangana's government is the first of its kind, promoting the startups in the state. The Government Of Telegana has launched several welfare schemes such as the Amma Vodi scheme (for poor and pregnant scheme), Single Women Pension scheme and KCR kit scheme for pregnant women and new born.

paragraphs: Telangana has its own slang of Telugu language,and is also known for its featured Telangana songs, namely "Janapadha Geethalu".As in the culture,the state of Telangana,celebrates festivals like Bonalu, Bathukamma. Sammakka -Saralamma Jathara is the second largest festival in India after the Kumbh Mela.


title: Tallulah, Louisiana

paragraphs: Tallulah is a city in the U.S. state of Louisiana.


title: Leesville, Louisiana

paragraphs: Leesville is a city in the U.S. state of Louisiana. It has a population of 6,612. It is the parish seat of Vernon Parish.


title: DeRidder, Louisiana

paragraphs: DeRidder is the parish seat of Beauregard Parish in the U.S. state of Louisiana.


title: Jonesboro, Louisiana

paragraphs: Jonesboro is a town in the U.S. state of Louisiana. It is the parish seat of Jackson Parish.


title: Lake Providence, Louisiana

paragraphs: Lake Providence is a town in the U.S. state of Louisiana. It is the parish seat of East Carroll Parish.


title: Karl Harris

paragraphs: Karl Harris (21 October 1979 – 3 June 2014) was an English motorcycle racer. He won the British Supersport Championship in 2001. In 2010, he switched to the British Superstock Championship on a GR Motorsport Aprilia. He was born in Sheffield, South Yorkshire.

paragraphs: Harris was killed in a racing incident on 3 June 2014 on the Isle of Man. He was 34 and died during the Isle of Man TT. His wife, Jane, outlived him.


title: Simon Andrews (motorcycle racer)

paragraphs: Simon Andrews (14 August 1982 – 19 May 2014) was an English motorcycle racer. He competed in the British Superbike Championship for RAF Reserves aboard a Honda CBR1000RR. He was born in Worcester, Worcestershire.

paragraphs: Andrews was died from head injuries he got in a racing incident on 19 May 2014 in Portrush, Northern Ireland. He was 31 and was competing in the North West 200.


title: Abbeville, Louisiana

paragraphs: Abbeville is a city in the U.S. state of Louisiana.


title: Grambling State University

paragraphs: Grambling State University is a university in Grambling, Louisiana, United States. It is a historically black university.


title: Zalzala Koh

paragraphs: Zalzala Koh or Zalzala Jazeera, meaning "Earthquake Island", is a small island off the coast of the port city of Gwadar, Balochistan in south east of Pakistan. The island appeared on 24 September 2013, following an earthquake. It is believed to have been made by a mud volcano, where gas pushed up soil and mud from under the sea. The round island is about 15 m high and between 70 m and 90 m across. Gas is still escaping from cracks in the surface. Scientists believe that the island will not last for very long. Within months the level of the island had dropped by more than two metres, and it appears to be sinking backing into the sea.


title: Grambling, Louisiana

paragraphs: Grambling is a city in Lincoln Parish, Louisiana.


title: The Well of Loneliness

paragraphs: The Well of Loneliness is a 1928 lesbian novel by Radclyffe Hall. It was published in London by Jonathan Cape. The book was banned for violating the Obscene Publications Act of 1857. It stopped being banned in 1949, but by that time Hall was dead. It has been translated into 14 languages.

paragraphs: The book is about an upper-class English lesbian called Stephen Gordon. She finds love with Mary Llewellyn, whom she meets while serving as an ambulance driver in World War I. Their happiness together is spoilt by social isolation and rejection. The novel portrays "inversion" (homosexuality) as a natural, God-given state and makes a plea: "Give us also the right to our existence".


title: Catharine MacKinnon

paragraphs: Catharine Alice MacKinnon (born October 7, 1946) is an American radical feminist legal scholar and lawyer. She is Elizabeth A. Long Professor of Law at the University of Michigan Law School. MacKinnon has been called a "victim feminist" by Naomi Wolf. MacKinnon graduated from Yale Law School in 1977.

paragraphs: As a legal scholar she opposes sexual harassment and pornography.


title: Sonny Bill Williams

paragraphs: Sonny Bill Williams is a New Zealand sportsman. He plays various sports. He has won numerous team and individual awards and titles.

paragraphs: Williams was born in Auckland. His father is from Samoa. His mother is a white New Zealander.


title: Karanvir Bohra

paragraphs: Karanvir Bohra (previously known as Manoj Bohra) is an Indian movie and television actor. He married Teejay Sidhu in 2006. Bohra appeared in Star Plus TV show "Kasautii Zindagii Kay" as Prem. He then played the role of Dev Kataria in the movie "Kismat Konnection".

paragraphs: In 2012, he did a Punjabi movie with his wife Teejay Sidhu named "Love Yoou Soniye". and played the lead role of Viraj Dobriyal, a psychologically disabled man who has mood swings, in the TV show "Dil Se Di Dua... Saubhagyavati Bhava?", in which his character was described by The Indian Express as "perhaps the most popular baddie on television". He participated in 2013 "Jhalak Dikhhla Jaa" Season 6. In 2014, he did a horror movie named "Mumbai 125 KM" and "" with his wife Teejay Sidhu. He plays the role of Aahil Raza Ibrahim in "Qubool Hai".

paragraphs: Bohra was born on 28 August 1982 in Jodhpur to a Marwari family. He is the son of filmmaker Mahendra Bohra and grandson of actor-producer Ramkumar Bohra. Producer Sunil Bohra is his first cousin. He has a sister, Meenakshi. He attended G. D. Somani Memorial School, Cuffe Parade. He was student of Sydenham College, Churchgate. Bohra had received training in kathak for two years with Pandit Veeru Krishnan. Bohra married to model-VJ Teejay Sidhu at the Sri Sri Ravishankar Ashram, Bengaluru in 2006. In 2007, Bohra changed his name from Manoj to Karanvir. Earlier Bohra and his wife used to stay at Lokhandwala in Andheri, Mumbai, in 2014, he shifted to Goregaon, a locality in the Mumbai Suburban district. Bohra has been involved in cleanliness and meditation activities.


title: Doc Neeson

paragraphs: Bernard Patrick "Doc" Neeson (4 January 1947 – 4 June 2014) was a Northern Irish-born Australian singer and musician. He was best known as the lead singer for the hard rock band The Angels. He performed also as a bass guitarist. Until his death, he had been musically active since 1971. He later formed the band Red Phoenix in May 2005.

paragraphs: Neeson was born in Belfast, Northern Ireland. When he was thirteen in 1960, his family moved to Adelaide, South Australia. He served in the Australian Army in Papua New Guinea for eighteen months in the late 1960s.

paragraphs: Neeson died from a brain tumour on 4 June 2014 in Sydney, New South Wales, aged 67. He had been diagnosed with cancer in January 2013.


title: James Alan Shelton

paragraphs: James Alan Shelton (November 3, 1960 – June 3, 2014) was an American Bluegrass guitarist. He was a solo musician and released 10 albums. However, he also performed with Ralph Stanley's Clinch Mountain Boys, with whom he won a Grammy Award with.

paragraphs: Shelton was born in Kingsport, Tennessee and raised near Gate City, Virginia.

paragraphs: Shelton died from cancer on June 3, 2014 at a hospital in Kingsport, aged 53.


title: Super Bowl XLII

paragraphs: Super Bowl XLII (or Super Bowl 42) was a Super Bowl game between the New York Giants and the New England Patriots in the National Football League (NFL) to decide who would be the NFL champion for the 2007 season. The Giants won against the Patriots 17–14.

paragraphs: The game was played on February 3, 2008 at the University of Phoenix Stadium in Glendale, Arizona. The win gave the Giants their third Super Bowl title and their first since the 1990 NFL season at Super Bowl XXV. Eli Manning was named the Super Bowl MVP.

paragraphs: The Patriots entered Super Bowl XLII as the 12-point favorites because they completed the regular season undefeated with 16 wins and no losses. The Giants had ended the season with a record of 10–6 and were trying to become the first NFC wild card team to win a Super Bowl. Super Bowl XLII is regarded as one of the biggest upsets in sports history.

paragraphs: The game ended with a fourth-quarter drive by the Giants to win the game. The drive featured David Tyree making a leaping one-handed catch against his helmet for a 32-yard gain and Plaxico Burress scoring the winning touchdown on a 13-yard reception with 35 seconds in the game remaining.

paragraphs: The Giants have stopped the Patriots perfect season run as well as stopping them from going 19-0.


title: Dil Se Di Dua... Saubhagyavati Bhava?

paragraphs: Dil Se Di Dua... Saubhagyavati Bhava? was an Indian serial. It aired Monday to Friday evenings on Life OK from 18 December 2011 to 18 January 2013. Ajit Thakur said that the show was intended "to pass on a social message against domestic violence".

paragraphs: A physically abusive man makes his wife's life a hell.


title: Poni Adams

paragraphs: Betty Jane Bierce (August 7, 1918 – May 21, 2014), better known by her stage name Jane "Poni" Adams, was an American actress. Her career lasted from 1942 until 1953. Her best known role was as Nina in the movie "House of Dracula" (1945).

paragraphs: Adams was born in San Antonio, Texas. She received a full scholarship to Juilliard, which she later turned down to become model and later an actress.

paragraphs: Adams was married to Thomas Turnage from 1945 until his death in 2000. The couple had two children.

paragraphs: Adams died from natural causes on May 21, 2014 in Palm Desert, California, aged 95.


title: Vegavis

paragraphs: Vegavis is a genus of extinct bird that lived during the latest Upper Cretaceous of Antarctica, some 66 million years ago (mya). Among modern birds, It is most closely related to ducks and geese (Anatidae).

paragraphs: The discovery shows that some of the major groups of bird alive today had already diversified in the Cretaceous. It has been hailed as the first definite physical proof that birds from some of the modern groups lived in the Mesozoic.

paragraphs: The "Vegavis" fossil specimen is held by the Museo de La Plata, Argentina. The very delicate remains of one bird are embedded in rock. Tomography (CT) scans were used to get a clearer picture of the bone structure without damaging or destroying the fossil.


title: Malcolm Simmons

paragraphs: Malcolm "Simmo" Simmons (20 March 1946 – 25 May 2014) was an English speedway rider. He was a member of the Poole Pirates, based in Poole. He won the Speedway World Team Cup three times (1974, 1975, 1977) and the Speedway World Pairs Championship also three times (1976, 1977, 1978).

paragraphs: Simmons was born in Tonbridge, Kent. He was married to June.

paragraphs: Simmons died from emphysema on 25 May 2014 in Kent, aged 68.


title: Kuaima Riruako

paragraphs: Kuaima Isaac Riruako (born Issaskar Kakuremdiro; 24 April 1935 – 2 June 2014) was a Namibian politician. He served as a National Unity Democratic Organisation (NUDO) representative in Parliament. He was the President of NUDO and its presidential candidate in the 2004 presidential election. He placed fourth with 4.23% of the national vote. He was also the paramount chief of the Herero people from 1978.

paragraphs: Riruako was born in Aminuis in the Omaheke Region. Riruako died from hypertension on 2 June 2014 in Windhoek. He was 79. He had been in serious care for a month before his death.


title: Seawise Giant

paragraphs: Seawise Giant (known later as the Happy Giant, Jahre Viking, Knock Nevis, Oppama, and Mont) was a ULCC supertanker. It was the longest ship ever built and had the greatest deadweight tonnage that has ever been recorded. When it was heavily loaded, the ship had a displacement of 657,019 tonnes (646,642 long tons; 724,239 short tons) and had a draft of 24.6 m (81 ft). Due to it's size and lack of maneuverability, it was not able to move through the English Channel, Suez Canal or the Panama Canal.

paragraphs: The ship was built in 1979 by Sumitomo Heavy Industries at the Oppama shipyard in Yokosuka, Kanagawa, Japan. The ship was sunk during the Iran–Iraq War but was salvaged, restored and put back into service. The ship sailed its final journey in December 2009 after being sold to Indian ship breakers. It was then intentionally beached in Alang, Gujarat, India and was demolished.


title: Presbyornis

paragraphs: Presbyornis is an extinct genus of water bird. It was a wading bird, often walking in shallow water on its long legs.

paragraphs: "Presbyornis" was one of the first anseriforms. Because of its long legs and neck, it was initially mistaken for a flamingo. Later it was reclassified as an anseriform when the duck-like anatomy of its skull and bill was found. It is from an extinct group closely related to ducks and geese. Judging from numerous fossil findings, "Presbyornis" probably lived in colonies around shallow lakes. Its broad, flat bill was used to filter food (small plants and animals) from the water, in the manner of today's dabbling ducks.

paragraphs: The fossil record includes many complete skeletons from Green River Formation sites (early Eocene). This suggests that the birds nested in colonies, similar to many colony-nesting waterfowl or shorebirds today. Species of this bird have also been found in Maryland, Utah, England, and Mongolia.

paragraphs: Fossils are held in the Smithsonian Institution, the Natural History Museum, London, and the KUVP.


title: Anglo-Saxon England

paragraphs: Anglo-Saxon England is the history of England from the 5th to 11th centuries.

paragraphs: The Anglo-Saxons were people from Germanic tribes. They first came as migrants to southern Britain from central Europe. Anglo-Saxon history begins after the end of Roman control.

paragraphs: In the 5th and 6th centuries there were seven Anglo-Saxon kingdoms: Northumbria, Mercia, East Anglia, Essex, Kent, Sussex, and Wessex.

paragraphs: Anglo-Saxon Christianity arrived in the 7th century. Viking invasions and Danish settlers started in the 8th century. The gradual unification of England under Wessex hegemony occurred during the 9th and 10th centuries.

paragraphs: Anglo-Saxon England ended with the Norman conquest of England by William the Conqueror in 1066.

paragraphs: Anglo-Saxon identity survived beyond the Norman Conquest, and slowly developed into the modern English people.


title: Michael John Smith

paragraphs: Michael John Smith (April 30, 1945 – January 28, 1986), was known as Mike Smith. He was an American astronaut. On 28 January 1986 he was the pilot of the Space Shuttle Challenger. He and his crew were killed when the "Challenger" exploded 73 seconds into its flight.


title: Daniel Carvajal

paragraphs: Daniel Carvajal is a Spanish defender. He plays for Real Madrid C.F..


title: Michael Smith

paragraphs: Michael Smith may mean any of these people:


title: Michael Smith (chemist)

paragraphs: Michael Smith CC, OBC, FRS (April 26, 1932 – October 4, 2000) was a British-born Canadian biochemist. He was the winner of the 1993 Nobel Prize in Chemistry (shared with Kary Mullis) for his work in developing site-directed mutagenesis.

paragraphs: After graduation with a PhD in 1956 from the University of Manchester, he studied with Dr. Har Gobind Khorana (himself a Nobel Prize winner) at the British Columbia Research Council in Vancouver, Canada.

paragraphs: Smith received many awards in addition to the Nobel Prize, and was known for his generosity. He gave half of the Nobel Prize money to researchers working on the genetics of schizophrenia. The other half he gave to BC Science World in Vancouver and to the Society for Canadian Women in Science and Technology. He received the Royal Bank Award in 1999, and donated the grant to the BC Cancer Foundation.

paragraphs: In 1978, Smith, with former Fred Sanger colleague Clyde A. Hutchison III, introduced a new technique into molecular biology. This technique, called "oligonucleotide-directed site-directed mutagenesis", showed how to find the effect of a single mutant gene. They developed a synthetic DNA. With this they compared different protein molecules to show what the mutation did.

paragraphs: The new technology allowed deliberate alteration of genes to change the characteristics of an organism. It helps new diagnostic strategies and new treatments for genetic diseases. It may even allow the creation of artificial forms of life.

paragraphs: The team's paper describing site-directed mutagenesis was published as "Mutagenesis at a specific position in a DNA sequence" in the "Journal of Biological Chemistry" in September 1978. For the team's work, Smith shared the 1993 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Kary Mullis, the inventor of the polymerase chain reaction.


title: Johnny Test

paragraphs: Johnny Test is a Canadian–American animated series produced by Warner Bros. Animation, Cookie Jar Group (Seasons 1–5), Teletoon and DHX Media (Season 6). The series currently airs in the United States on Cartoon Network on January 7, 2008. The series comes in over 75 countries in 19 languages. The first season of the show was produced by Warner Bros. Animation, Teletoon and later seasons by Cookie Jar Company after Cookie Jar Company was sold to DHX Media. The sixith season was produced by DHX Media and was labeled under Cookie Jar-DHX Media. The series premiered airs at 4:00 p.m. ET/PT time on January 7, 2008 on Cartoon Network in the United States. The series is produced 130 episodes divided in 7 seasons.

paragraphs: The series revolves around the adventures of the title character, Johnny Test. He is an 11 to 13-year-old suburban boy who lives with his super-genius 13 to 15-year-old twin sisters, Susan and Mary, both of whom are scientists. Johnny is often used as a test subject for his genius twin sisters' inventions and experiments. These range from gadgets to superpowers. Their experiments often cause problems that he must resolve, and he must sometimes fight villains in the process. He occasionally saves the world with his sisters' inventions. Johnny's dog Dukie has been given the ability to speak by his sisters.


title: 1492: Conquest of Paradise

paragraphs: 1492: Conquest of Paradise is a 1992 epic adventure movie. This movie tells a fictionalized tale of Christopher Columbus and the New World. Christopher Columbus is played by Gérard Depardieu.

paragraphs: The movie opened in theaters in October 1992 under a PG-13 rating in the United States. It got mixed reviews. Roger Ebert, though, said the movie was satisfactory.


title: Mo' Money

paragraphs: Mo' Money is a 1992 American criminal comedy romance movie set in Chicago. Marlon Wayans plays Seymour. Stacey Dash plays Amber. The movie is about a con-man who tries cleaning his life after meeting a girl.

paragraphs: This movie was released in the United States on July 24, 1992. Reviews were generally negative. It premiered at #1 in the box office.


title: Shining Through

paragraphs: Shining Through is a 1992 American-British World War II drama movie. It is about 1940 in Germany. Michael Douglas plays Ed. Melanie Griffith plays secretary Linda. Liam Neeson plays Franz-Otto.

paragraphs: The movie was not successful, though it did make over $13 million in profits over a budget of $30 million. The movie was called the Worst Picture of 1992 by the Razzie Awards. The critics did not like it.


title: Walter Romberg

paragraphs: Walter Romberg (27 December 1928 – 23 May 2014) was a German politician. He was the last finance minister of East Germany.

paragraphs: Romberg died from an illness in Munich, Germany, aged 85.


title: Miodrag Radulovacki

paragraphs: Miodrag (Misha) Radulovacki, MD, PhD (Serbian Cyrillic: Миодраг Радуловачки; Serbian Latin: Miodrag Radulovački; 28 April 1933 – 26 May 2014), was a Serbian scientist and inventor. He is known for creating the Adenosine Sleep Theory. He taught as a Professor of Pharmacology at the University of Illinois at Chicago.

paragraphs: Radulovacki died in Belgrade, Serbia, aged 81.


title: Walter Jakob Gehring

paragraphs: Walter Jakob Gehring (March 20, 1939 – May 29, 2014) was a Swiss developmental biologist. He was a professor at the Biozentrum Basel of the University of Basel, Switzerland. He earned his Ph.D. at the University of Zurich in 1965. After two years as a research assistant of Professor Ernst Hadorn he joined Professor Alan Garen's group at Yale University in New Haven as a postdoctoral fellow.


title: Arrondissements of the Tarn-et-Garonne department

paragraphs: There are 2 arrondissements in the Tarn-et-Garonne department. The French departments, and in other countries, are divided into "arrondissements", which may be translated into English as districts (in some cases, as boroughs). The capital of an arrondissement is called a subprefecture.

paragraphs: If the prefecture (capital) of the department is in an arrondissement, that prefecture is the capital of the arrondissement, acting both as a prefecture and as a subprefecture.

paragraphs: The arrondissements are further divided into cantons and communes.

paragraphs: The arrondissements of the Tarn-et-Garonne department are:

paragraphs: Since its creation, the Tarn-et-Garonne department has had few changes:


title: Arrondissement of Castelsarrasin

paragraphs: The arrondissement of Castelsarrasin is an arrondissement of France. It is part of the Tarn-et-Garonne "département". Its capital is the city of Castelsarrasin.

paragraphs: When the Tarn-et-Garonne department was created in 1808, Castelsarrasin was one of the original "arrondissements" of the department.

paragraphs: It is the westernmost of the "arrondissements" of the department, with an area of , the smallest in area of the department. It has 76,822 inhabitants and a population density of inhabitants/km².

paragraphs: The "arrondissement" is bordered to the north by the Lot (Occitanie) department, to the east by the "arrondissement" of Montauban, to the south by the Haute-Garonne (Occitanie) department, to the southwest by the Gers (Occitanie) department and to the northwest by the Lot-et-Garonne (Nouvelle-Aquitaine) department.

paragraphs: After the reorganisation of the cantons in France, cantons are not subdivisions of the "arrondissements" so they could have "communes" that belong to different "arrondissements". That is the case of the Beaumont-de-Lomagne, Castelsarrasin, Montech and the Pays de Serres Sud-Quercy cantons where some "communes" are in the "arrondissement" of Castelsarrasin and others in the "arrondissement" of Montauban. The following table shows the distribution of the "communes" in the cantons and "arrondissements":

paragraphs: The "arrondissement" of Castelsarrasin has 103 "communes"; they are (with their INSEE codes):

paragraphs: The "communes" with more inhabitants in the "arrondissement" are:


title: Arrondissement of Montauban

paragraphs: The arrondissement of Montauban is an arrondissement of France. It is part of the Tarn-et-Garonne "département". Its capital, and préfecture of the department, is the city of Montauban.

paragraphs: When the Tarn-et-Garonne department was created in 1808, Montauban was one of the original "arrondissements" of the department.

paragraphs: It is the easternmost of the "arrondissements" of the department, with an area of , the largest in area of the two "arrondissements" of the department. It has 175,756 inhabitants and a population density of inhabitants/km².

paragraphs: The "arrondissement" is bordered to the north by the Lot (Occitanie) department, to the northeast by the Aveyron (Occitanie) department, to the east by the Tarn (Occitanie) department, to the south by the Haute-Garonne (Occitanie) department and to the west by the "arrondissement" of Castelsarrasin.

paragraphs: After the reorganisation of the cantons in France, cantons are not subdivisions of the "arrondissements" so they could have "communes" that belong to different "arrondissements". That is the case of the Beaumont-de-Lomagne, Castelsarrasin, Montech and the Pays de Serres Sud-Quercy cantons where some "communes" are in the "arrondissement" of Montauban and others in the "arrondissement" of Castelsarrasin. The following table shows the distribution of the "communes" in the cantons and "arrondissements":

paragraphs: The "arrondissement" of Montauban has 92 "communes"; they are (with their INSEE codes):


title: Orange Caramel

paragraphs: Orange Caramel is the first unit group formed from the South Korean pop group After School. This unit was formed with the 3 members: Nana, Raina and Lizzy.

paragraphs: The style of Orange Caramel is Candy Culture which means to be cute, lively and fancy, but pure and sensitive. Their target is Asian market, so they got also Chinese name which is DeungJaChoDang(橙子焦糖).

paragraphs: They made two trends in Korean pop music. One is a unit group trend. After Orange Caramel was made, many unit groups were made, for example, Girls' Generation-TTS from Girls' Generation, Rainbow Pixie from Rainbow, Sistar19 from Sistar. Also the other is '선병맛 후중독' trend which means when you sees their show, it is hard to understand, but gradually and unconsciously you are addicted to it.

paragraphs: Orange Caramel have released totally 11 albums. However, they mainly have done music activities with 6 songs (Magic Girl, A~ing♡, Bangkok City, Shanghai Romance, Lipstick, Catallena). Orange Caramel released its first album "Magic Girl" on June 21, 2010. Althought the concept of their original group, Afterschool, is sexy and strong, that of Orange Caramel were different. Their stage is very shocking to K-pop. At the same year, they released the second miuni album "A~ying♡". The song also had big effect on K-pop and its lyrics were controversial because the lyrics is so strange that it is hard to listen it.

paragraphs: In 2011, they released the first single album "Bangkok City" for the global "One Asia project", and another album "Sanghai Romace" for the "Sanghai Project". These songs also succeeded in Korea music market.

paragraphs: Orange Caramel released its first full-length album "lipstick" On September 12, 2012.

paragraphs: They released the third single album "Catallena" On march 13, 2014.

paragraphs: Orange Caramel's songs and dances have been very shocking, and additionally their dress codes also have been major concerns. However, many said that their dress codes have been accordance with their songs.

paragraphs: On Magic Girl stage, they wore orange dresses and looked like fantasy magic girls. It was said that the color of the dresses were harmonized with the lively song. On their second music activity, A~ying♡, they dressed like a pricess. On the stage of Bangkok City, they wore club-style tight clothes, so their clothes were controversial because it was too sexually suggestive. In Sanghai Romance, as it is easy to imagine, they wore chinese style clothes. In Lipstick and Catallena, they were expected to wear unique clothes and as expected, they wore shocking sytle clothes.


title: Cheongyang chili pepper

paragraphs: The Cheongyang chili pepper is one of the hottest chili pepper species ("Capsicum annum"). It is grown in Korea. It is a genetically improved strain of Thai and Jeju-do chili peppers. It was developed by Dr.Il-ung Yoo in 1983. Cheongyang chili peppers have 10,000~23,000 Scoville heat units in average.

paragraphs: The name Cheongyang comes from the name of the county, Cheongsong and Yeongyang.

paragraphs: Red pepper grows well in high temperature. Proper temperature to grow is 25~28 °C during the day and 18~22 °C during the night. It's better not to drop the temperature under 13 °C. When temperature stabilizes in 20~25 °C it is the best time for plants to bear fruits. If the temperature drops under 15 °C or rise over 30 °C, fertility of the plant is seriously damaged resulting in windfall and malformed fruit.

paragraphs: Even though red pepper requires high temperature, it does not require that much of a sunlight. However, the deficit of sunlight in long-term can result in poor quality and number of the produce, so it is better to give adequate amount of sunlight. Light saturation point is 30,000 lx, which is lower than other typical vegetables.

paragraphs: Most Cheongyang chili peppers are cultivated outdoors and some of them are cultivated indoors.

paragraphs: Normally, farmers harvest peppers that are cultivated outdoors in late July. It ripens from the bottom and peppers placed closer to a root are more likely to ripen well and have more vivid red color. It can be harvested until we have the first frost and till then, we can harvest five times from one root in average. The quality of produce is affected by how many times have peppers being harvested. For example, if the root can bear fruits five times, then the first produce will have more thicker fruit skin and also the taste of it is better because the first one has strong sweet flavor and hot flavor at the same time in harmony. However, the color is little bit darker and less in red than the second or third one, so it is easy to be mistaken as worse produce than later produce.

paragraphs: Technically through indoor cultivation, farmers can harvest through out the year. There is no quality difference between the first produce and the last one like the case mentioned in outdoor cultivation. The one raised in this environment has taller stem body and bears more fruits than the one raised outdoors. Especially, because it stays always indoors, it doesn't get wet, so can block all kinds of diseases caused by excessive humidity. Because of these advantages, more and more farmers cultivate Cheongyang chili peppers indoors.


title: Korea-Yonsei Match

paragraphs: Korea-Yonsei Match (Yonsei-Korea Match) is a sport event held in every Fall between two Korean prominent private universities(Korea University and Yonsei University) located in Seoul, Korea. The event consist of five sports: Baseball, basketball, soccer, rugby, and ice hockey. The event started in 1956, with all 5 sports included. The origin of Korea-Yonsei Match (Yonsei-Korea Match) is a tennis competition round between players of Bosung college which is former Korea University and Yonhui college which is former Yonsei University which was held in May 30, 1925. After the match, the two schools got into another competition in 1927. This time the two school collided in a soccer match. Korea University and Yonsei University had other matches after the match and it was almost annually held. It was not officially annual then. Since the period was the period of Japanese colonial era in Korea, the competition of two schools grew as a national event of Korea.

paragraphs: Official Korea-Yonsei Match has been continued since 1965, in remembrance of event during Japanese colonial era. From the official first match, the sports of Korea-Yonsei match is fixed to five sports: baseball, basketball, ice hockey, rugby, and soccer. Below is the result of each year.

paragraphs: Korea-Yonsei Match also plays a role of the biggest festival of both Korea and Yonsei university. The two university shows another college rivalry like Harvard verses Yale University, Stanford University verses UC Berkeley, and in Korea, KAIST verses POSTECH, since they are the top two most famous private universities. During the Korea-Yonsei match, stores of each hometown, Anam and Sinchon, put many placards humiliating the rival in the streets. Huge festival in thrown in each town biannually. Festival takes place in Anam in even number years and in Sinchon in odd number years.

paragraphs: One of the customs takes place during the festival is 'human train march'. People from each department make a long line and put their hands on the shoulder of front person making a long train-like rows. The human trains marches and wanders through streets. They ask for side-dishes and bottles of alcohol to the owners of the stores, restaurants and bars. The alumni and university student council pre-pay for the side-dishes and bottles of alcohol to the owners. The human trains make themselves full and drunk enough then move to bars they have made reservation.

paragraphs: Cheering for each team is a huge joy for the students of both university. Students dance to the cheering anthems and sing along with them. The most popular and famous cheering anthems are Minjokui Aria(Aria of People), Batnorae(Sailing song) in Korea University and Yonseireul Saranghanda(I love Yonsei), Wonsirim(Virgin Forest) in Yonsei University. Each university sings Batnorae and Wonsirim when the team scores in each sports events. There is a joint cheering event between two university twice a year. Students practice their cheering in the two joint events and also cheering learning time in their orientation camp.


title: Ki Sung-yueng

paragraphs: Ki Sung-yueng () is a Korean national soccer player, and Premier League player.

paragraphs: His soccer career cannot be explained without his father. His father was always with Ki. He said he found Ki's talent in elementary school and wanted to continue soccer career. Therefore, his father started to train Ki and he can now use both feet. His father also wanted to develop more to study about soccer. Therefore, Ki moved to Australia at twelve years old to study English and started to playing soccer. Because of this experience in Australia, he could speak in English fluently and it is easy to communicate with other soccer players.

paragraphs: He joined Premier League club Swansea City A.F.C in August 2012. In terms of attacking, he appeared 29 matches, shots 27 times but no goals. However, he succeeded in assisting 2 times and 17 times crosses. Among 29 matches which he played, Swansea City A.F.C won 7 games, drew 12 games and lost 10 games. In 13-14 season, he was loaned to Sunderland A.F.C and he did pretty well in Sunderland A.F.C. He appeared 27 games among 38 games and he got scored 3 times among 30 shots and succeeded in one assists and 21 crosses. He did well in 29 games he played but the results of games were not good. Just 6 wins and 6 draw matches and 15 times lost among 29 matches.

paragraphs: Ki also did well in Korean National Team. He joined Korean National football Team from 2007. Also, he joined 2012 London Olympics, and he and his teammates did well so they finally got bronze medal in Olympics and got benefit from Korean Government to pass military service.


title: Software release life cycle

paragraphs: A software release life cycle is the different stages of making a computer program, giving it out to other people, and making sure the computer program works right after it is released.

paragraphs: Pre-alpha is the first stage of making a computer program. People making the computer program think up what the computer program should have in it, and start to actually create the computer program itself.

paragraphs: Alpha software is a computer program that can do most of what the programmers (people who make the software) want it to do, but it has lots of problems. Only the things that the programmers "really "want the software to do has been made without many problems.

paragraphs: A computer program goes into beta when programmers have made the software do everything it needs to do, but there may still be problems. The people who make the software then give it out to other people, so they can test whether the software works. Often, they find problems that they did not find in alpha.


title: Thor (movie)

paragraphs: Thor is a 2011 American superhero movie, starring Chris Hemsworth, Natalie Portman and Tom Hiddleston. It is the first movie of the series based on the Marvel Comics character "Thor". It was directed by Kenneth Branagh and produced by Marvel Studios.

paragraphs: Thor is heir to the throne of Asgard, world of the gods. With his vigorous disposition, he is deported to Earth in the form of a mortal, for disobeying his father Odin and breaking into Jotunheim, home to the enemy Frost Giants. Thor lands in New Mexico and meets and develops romance with astrophysicist Jane Foster. Meanwhile in Asgard, Thor's brother Loki plans to ascend to the throne and sends the Destroyer to kill Thor.


title: Yoo Jae-suk

paragraphs: Yoo Jae-suk is a South Korean comedian and MC. He was born on August 14, 1972 in Seoul. He is known as "MC of the nation". He was also known as

paragraphs: "The Grasshopper" because he dressed as a grasshopper when he first started. His debut was on the KBS comedian Festival which held for college students in 1991.

paragraphs: Although, A vote by the South Korean "netizens" proclaimed him the most popular MC in the Korea, he underwent unknown comedian for long times(9 years). But, in 2002, he became the MC of a program named “Dong-guh-dong-lak(동고동락)” thanks to a recommendation by a talent Choi Jin-Sil. This program instantly be popular and this accomplishments give Yoo Jae-suk more chances to host many variety programs. And after he hosted the program "The Crash of MCs"(공포의 쿵쿵따), he became top level of MC in the Korea. He hosted many variety shows for example, X-man, Infinite Challenge, Family Outing, Happy Together, Running Man, Come to Play etc... By this success, he got 34 awards. Also, he is kinds of singer. He sang 10 songs for example, As I Say, Apqujeong Nallari, Please Don't Go My Girl etc. He is loved and popular not only by his ability of hosting show but also his personality like respecting others.

paragraphs: He married the Korean anchor Na Kyung-eun thanks to the program "Infinite Challenge". They have a son Yoo Ji-ho. After the marriage he is still very popular and voted "wanna be man" by many woman. Also, he was elected 2nd person of the most respecting person by elementary students.


title: Duryu Park

paragraphs: Duryu Park is a park in Duryu-dong, Daegu Dalseo-gu, South Korea. It provides several sports facilities like baseball park, multipurpose sports field and a sports park. The baseball park's size is and can hold about 19 thousands of people. You can lend it only for sports use like soccer or baseball not the other use. After using it, you have to dispose all trashes in there. If you want to make a reservation, you can do it through call, 053-625-1949. The multipurpose sports field covers and has benches and a drinking fountain. The sports park's size is and you can use about 26 sporting equipment. All facilities except the baseball park are free for open-year round. Also, there are other several sports centers like tennis court, swimming pool and golf driving range. The time you can use a swimming pool is from 6am to 9pm and if you have any question, you can contact through the number 053-623-2156. And the tennis court consists of all 9 course and you can join several clubs in here. And the time you can use golf driving range is from 6am to 10pm and if you want to ask a question, you can contact through 053-654-5212.

paragraphs: Duryu Park has cultural facilities like a Culture & Arts Center, an outdoor music hall, Daegu sightseeing information center, Duryu library and Geum Young temple. The Culture & Art center's size is . It has of several halls for performances. For performance, it has 1,008 seats and 241 seats for each hall. And, there is a display room. For field performance, it has 700 seats. In outdoor music hall, there are 10,80 seats but, it can accept 30,000 people as much as possible because there is big field behind the seats. In the information center, it informs people of what the a sight spot is and provides other material about that. And, it also issues the VISA. In the Duryu library, it has about 1,300,000 volumes of book and opens from 7am to 22pm except holiday and Monday of first and third week. It also opens courses like calligraphy, paduk and making a paper flower. The Geum young temple was built in March, 1931. It has about 4~5 thousands believers.

paragraphs: Dyrue Park provides the forest guidance for citizens. If you are over 6 years old, you can apply to this system. You have to make a reservation by calling and the number is 053-625-1952. When you make a reservation, you have to tell several information like how many will take part in, the representative's name, the call number the center can contact, the day and time etc. And it is better if your member'S number is more than 5 and less than 30. The course consists of figure bronze course, watch status course and other project course. Its time is from 10am to 12pm and from 2pm to 4pm regardless of the day. And if you are group members not individual, you will have a priority to getting guidance. And if there's no one to have an appointment, the center will give a guidance service to hikers.


title: Don Zimmer

paragraphs: Donald William "Don" Zimmer (January 17, 1931 – June 4, 2014) was an American baseball figure. He was an infielder, manager, and coach in Major League Baseball (MLB). He was involved in professional baseball from 1949 until his death, lasting 65 years. He was best known as an infielder for the Brooklyn Dodgers. He was later known for managing the Boston Red Sox and the Chicago Cubs.

paragraphs: Zimmer was born in Cincinnati, Ohio. He was married to Soot (Jean) from 1951 until Zimmer's death. The couple had two children, Thomas and Donna. In December 2008, he suffered a stroke which caused a loss of speech for a week.

paragraphs: Zimmer died from heart failure as a result of surgical problems on June 4, 2014 in Dunedin, Florida, aged 83.


title: George Ho

paragraphs: George Ho Ho-chi, GBS, OBE, JP (3 November 1919 – 4 June 2014) was a Hong Kong media mogul. He was the son of Hong Kong businessman Robert Hotung. Ho was the founder of the Commercial Radio Hong Kong and Commercial Television. He still kept the title of honorary chairman when he died on 4 June 2014.


title: Time Flies

paragraphs: Time Files is the tenth studio album by John Michael Montgomery. The album was released on October 14, 2008. It was on his own label Stringtown Records.


title: Taula

paragraphs: A taula ('table' in Catalan) is a stone monument in the shape of a T. It is found on the Balearic Islands of Minorca. They were built by the Talaiotic Culture sometime between 1000 BC and 300 BC. Their meaning is unknown but it was probably made either religious and/or astronomical purposes.


title: Wario World

paragraphs: Wario World is a platform/beat 'em up video game published by Nintendo and developed by Treasure. It is Wario's first starring appearance on a home game console. It is a part of the "Wario" game series. It was only released for the Nintendo GameCube.

paragraphs: It was released on June 20, 2003 in Europe, June 23, 2003 in North America, July 10, 2003 in Australasia, and on May 27, 2004 in Japan. The game is about Wario trying to get back his treasure and his castle from an evil gem called Black Jewel.

paragraphs: IGN rated the game a 7.1 out of 10, saying it had "some great control mechanics and inventive level work"

paragraphs: GameSpot gave the game a 6.4 out of 10 and said "The game certainly contains a lot of the same Wario charm that makes his GBA appearances so memorable, but the final product is too short and simplistic to hold your attention for more than a day."


title: Hyperplane

paragraphs: A hyperplane is a generalization of a line into more than 3 dimensions.


title: Silent Hill: Downpour

paragraphs: Silent Hill: Downpour is a survival horror video game published by Konami Digital Entertainment and developed by Vatra Games. It is the eighth game in the "Silent Hill" series. It was released for the PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360.

paragraphs: It was released on March 13, 2012 in North America, March 29, 2012 in Europe, April 5, 2012 in Australia, and on November 8, 2012 in Japan for the PlayStation 3. The game is about a prisoner named Murphy Pendleton who enters Silent Hill, every so often enters the alternate dimension and unlocks personal repressed memories.

paragraphs: IGN rated the game a 4.5 out of 10 and said "The most frustrating thing about Silent Hill Downpour isn't the lousy combat, dull exploration, or even the technical gaffes. It's the fact that every now and then while playing through the game's story, you'll see signs of brilliance; sunlight hinted from behind the overcast sky."

paragraphs: GameSpot gave the game a 7.5 out of 10 and said "Downpour makes some questionable tweaks to the established formula, but those decisions distinguish it from the rest of the series."


title: Trojany (Masovian Voivodeship)

paragraphs: Trojany is a village in Poland in Masovian Voivodeship. It has about 490 inhabitants.


title: Louisiana Tech University

paragraphs: Louisiana Tech University is a College in Ruston, Louisiana. It has degrees from associates to doctoral level.


title: Chefchaouen

paragraphs: Chefchaouen or Chaouen (Arabic: شفشاون/الشاون, Shafshāwan) is a small important historical and tourist city in the north of Maghreb. Chefchaouen is located in the Rif Mountains of northwestern Morocco. Many Moriscos and Jews settled in this city after the Spanish Reconquista in the Late Middle Ages.


title: Conwy Castle

paragraphs: Conwy Castle () is a castle that was built in the Middle Ages. It is in Conwy, in the country of Wales. It was built by Edward I of England. He built it after he went to Wales and took over control of it, conquering it. He built it between the years of 1283 and 1289. It is part of the city walls. It cost £15,000 to build. The castle has survived wars like Madog ap Llywelyn. Richard II of England hid there in 1399. Owain Glyndŵr took it over in 1401, too.

paragraphs: After the English Civil War started in 1642, people who supported Charles I of England took over the castle. They stayed there until 1646, which was when the Roundheads took it from them. When that war ended, the government partially destroyed the castle, so no one would use it. By 1665 it was completely destroyed because people had taken all of the iron and lead from the castle and sold it. Artists started making paintings of the castle in the 18th and 19th centuries. People started visiting it on vacation and it is now ran by Cadw.

paragraphs: Conwy Castle was called one of the best Middle Ages military places in Europe by UNESCO. It is a World Heritage Site. The castle is rectangular. It is made from local stone and stone brought from other places. There are two parts of the castle: "Inner Ward" and "Outer Ward". It has eight towers and two barbicans. There is a gate which has a path that goes down to River Conwy. This path let the castle get supplies from boats and fishing. It has one of the oldest machicolation's in the country. It also has a bedroom which was used by kings and queens. The castle was based on the buildings made by James of Saint George.

paragraphs: Conwy was a Cistercian monastery before it was a town. It was often visited by the Welsh princes. It is also a place where a person can cross the River Conwy going from the ocean area to the inland. The area has been owned by kings who have been from England and Wales since 1070.

paragraphs: In 1282 Edward I of England attacked the castle. He had a big army. They came to the castle from the north. They came from Carmarthen. They also came from the West. The army came from Montgomery and Chester. The town of Aberconwy was captured by Edward in March 1283. He decided to use the castle as the center point for a county. There used to be an abbey where the castle was. Edward had the abbey relocated. He wanted to own the castle so that other people thought he was very powerful.

paragraphs: After Edward decided to build the castle people started building it quickly. Sir John Bonvillars was the foreman for the building of the castle. A mason named James of St. George also worked on the project. They started building it in 1283. From 1283 until 1284 they built the walls and towers. Next, they built the buildings inside the castle walls. They also built walls for a town nearby. That took place between 1284 and 1286. They finished building the castle in 1287. People came from all over England to help build the castle. People would meet in Chester and walk to Wales to work at the castle. In total the project cost £15,000. That was a lot of money back then.

paragraphs: The castle had a person who was both constable and the mayor of Conwy. That person also managed 30 soldiers. A carpenter, chaplain, blacksmith, engineer, and stonemason worked at the castle. In 1294 Madog ap Llywelyn started to fight against the people who ruled England. King Edward moved to Conwy to escape Madog ap Llywelyn. He lived at the castle from December 1294 until January 1295. He was only able to get supplies and food from the sea. Eventually, soldiers came and helped him in February. After that time, various people lived at the castle. This included Edward's son, who would become Edward II of England. He lived there in 1301.

paragraphs: The castle fell apart during the 14th century because people did not take care of it. By the year 1321 the roof was leaking and the wood was rotting. In 1343, Edward, the Black Prince took over the castle. He fixed it with the help of Sir John Weston. Weston worked for Edward. They added a lot of things, including arches to the great hall. When Edward died, the castle fell apart again.

paragraphs: Richard II of England started living in the castle towards the end of the century. He stayed there to escape Henry IV. When Richard got back from Ireland on August 12, 1399, and went to the castle, he met Henry Percy. Percy worked for Henry IV. The two talked to help stop the fighting. Percy promised to not hurt Richard. Richard surrendered on August 19 to Henry Percy at Flint Castle. He said he would stop being King if he was allowed to live, not die. Richard was taken to London. He died at Pontefract Castle.

paragraphs: A rebellion started in 1400, during the rule of Henry IV. It was started by Owain Glyndŵr. This was just after Richard was told he was no longer king. Two cousins of Owain Glyndŵr, Rhys ap Tudur and his brother Gwilym, attacked the castle as a surprise. They dressed up like carpenters and acted like they were going to fix the castle. The got inside, killed two watchmen, and took over the castle. Their troops took over the town. The brothers lived there for about 3 months. They gave up after Henry IV promised to forgive them and they would not go to trial.

paragraphs: The castle was almost used during the War of the Roses but by the time the war ended it did not see any activity. The castle went through repairs in the 1520s and 1530s by Henry VIII. The castle was used as a prison and sometimes people who visited Conwy stayed at the castle.

paragraphs: The castle had fallen apart again by the 1600s. It was sold to Edward Conway by Charles I in 1627. Edward bought it for £100. Edward's son, also named Edward, took over the castle in 1631. It was a ruin. In 1642, the English Civil War started. John Williams, Archbishop of York, took charge of the castle for the king. He used his own money to fix the broken parts of the castle. In 1645, Sir John Owen became governor of the castle. The two men argued about this, since Williams was supposed to be running it, not Owen. Eventually Williams gave up and moved back to London. The castle was taken over by Thomas Mytton between a siege in August and November of 1646.

paragraphs: After the siege, Colonel John Carter became governor of the castle. He made more repairs to fix it. In 1655, the English Council of State was told, by the Parliament of England, to pull down the castle so people could not use it anymore. The Bakehouse Tower was partially torn apart during that time. The castle was given back to Edward Conway by Charles II as part of the Restoration. But, five years later Conway took all of the iron and lead that was on the castle and sell it to make money. A man named William Milward was in charge of taking the iron and lead off the castle. The people who lived in the town of Conwy protested the removal. Conway and Millward did not care and the castle became a complete ruin.

paragraphs: By the end of the 18th century the castle ruins were called "picturesque" and beautiful. People and artists would visit the castle from around the country. Artists would paint pictures of it, including the artists Thomas Girtin, Moses Griffith, Julius Caesar Ibbetson, Paul Sandby and J. M. W. Turner. Bridges were built over the River Conwy to the town from the Llandudno in the 1800s. The new bridges brought more tourists to the area. The two bridges included the Conwy Suspension Bridge, built in 1826, and the Conwy Railway Bridge, built in 1848. This allowed people with boats, cars, and riding in trains to visit the castle. The Holland family was running the castle, and in 1865 they gave it to the local government to run. The town helped to restore the ruins and they fixed the Bakehouse Tower. The castle was leased in 1953 to the Ministry of Works. They had Arnold Taylor start to fix the castle. He also researched the castle's history. A new road was built to the castle in 1958. It was going to be made into a monument by the country. In 1986 it was called a World Heritage Site.

paragraphs: Today it is ran by Cadw and tourists visit it. As of 2010, 186,897 people had visited the castle. They opened a new visitor center in 2012. The castle always has to be repaired. Between the years 2002 and 2003, it cost £30,000 to maintain and repair the castle.

paragraphs: The castle is considered one of the best "examples of late 13th century and early 14th century military architecture in Europe," by UNESCO. It sits on the coast. The coast is made up of a lot of rocks, including grey sandstone and limestone. Most of the stone that the castle was built out of is from this stone. The sandstone used to make carvings was brought from the Creuddyn peninsula, Chester, and the Wirral. That sandstone had more colors than the grey sandstone that was local. It might have been chosen not only because it was easy to carve, but also because it was pretty.

paragraphs: The castle is rectangular. It has two different sections, the Inner Ward and the Outer Ward. It has four towers. They are and there is one on each side of the castle. The castle would have been painted white with lime render during its early days. The towers have holes in them, called "putlog holes". These holes were used to help the builders build the towers, by putting wood timber pieces through the holes so they could climb up the towers. There are also square holes that are found in the castle walls. No one knows what they were used for. Maybe they were used to get rid of water when it rained, used for hoardings, or for displaying decorations.

paragraphs: The main entrance to the castle is through the western barbican. That barbican used to go over a drawbridge and a ramp from the town. Today, the path goes along the east side of the walls. The barbican has some of the oldest machicolation stones in Britain. In the early days, the gate to the castle was probably protected by a portcullis.

paragraphs: Through the gate is the Outer Ward. When it was first built, this is where administrative duties were. People were handling business and management of the castle. This is where the northwest tower is located. People could live inside of it, and also store things. There is also the southwest tower, which was used by the constable. There was also a bakery inside of it. On the southside of the Outer Ward, there is a great hall and a chapel. There are also cellars. There is an old great arch from the 1340s. A jail was in a tower behind the great hall. There was a dungeon inside of it. The north side of the Outer Ward has a kitchen, brewery, bakery, and inside the tower people could live and store things.

paragraphs: There used to be a wall that separated the Inner Ward from the Outer Ward. The wall, which was inside the castle, had a drawbridge and a gate. There was also a ditch which made it hard to cross if the gate was closed. In the 16th century, the ditch was filled up so people could walk over it and the drawbridge was removed. This is where the spring that the castle gets it water from is located. The well is deep. The Inner Ward is where the royal guests and residents lived. It is also where their staff and servants lived. The royal bedrooms, also called "chambers", are considered the finest preserved in England and Wales. The Inner Ward was supposed to look like a very small version of a royal palace. The reason the wall, gate, and ditch were built was so that if there was an emergency or an attack, the Inner Ward could be sealed off from the Outer Ward, which would fight against invasions.

paragraphs: The rooms where the royals lived were on the first floor in a series of small buildings. There were four protective towers for the Inner Ward. One of the towers was a chapel where the royals would have religious services. All of the towers had turrets for security. They also each displayed the royal flag. It is believed that this part of Conwy Castle was designed similar to that at Corfe Castle. The king could have his own private time while having a lot of security to keep him and all inside safe. There used to be two apartments inside, but eventually they were made into one apartment with three rooms.

paragraphs: The east side of the Inner Ward has another barbican. This is where the castle garden is. The royal apartments could see the garden from their windows. There used to be grass there, and then vines, crab-apple trees, and flowers. There was a small gate that led to a small dock on the river. This allowed visitors to visit and leave the castle with very few people seeing them. It also allowed people to get supplies for the Inner Ward from boats.

paragraphs: The architecture is similar to that found in the kingdom of Savoy during the 13th century. This includes the way the windows were designed, the positioning of the "putlog" holes. Historians think that Conwy Castle was influenced by the work of architect Master James, from Savoy. The similarities to Savoy architecture might also be because many of the men who worked on building Conwy Castle were from Savoy.


title: Family history (medicine)

paragraphs: In medicine, family history means information on medical disorders the direct blood relatives of a patient may have had. Many healthcare professionals look at the information on family medical problems, such as autism, diabetes, mental illness, autoimmune diseases, cancer.

paragraphs: Many medical conditions are carried only by the female line, including X-linked conditions. Others are carried by the male line, including Y-linked conditions.


title: Against Me!

paragraphs: Against Me! is a punk rock band. Laura Jane Grace started the band in Gainesville, Florida, in 1997. The band has released six albums. The band started their own record label in 2011. The band's first album, "Against Me! Is Reinventing Axl Rose", was released in March 2002 by No Idea Records. The band's most recent album "Transgender Dysphoria Blues" was released in 2014. The album is the first released by the band since Laura Jane Grace came out as a trans woman.


title: Reiulf Steen

paragraphs: Reiulf Hjalmar Steen (16 August 1933 – 5 June 2014) was a Norwegian politician, diplomat and journalist. He was a member for the Labour Party. He served as Minister of Transportation from 1971 to 1972 and as Mister of Commerce from 1979 to 1981. He was also a MP for Oslo and Akershus from 1977 to 1993. He later became the ambassador to Chile from 1992 to 1996.

paragraphs: Steen was born in Hurum, Buskerud. He died in his sleep on 5 June 2014 in Oslo, at the age of 80.


title: Virginia Luque

paragraphs: Virginia Luque (born Violeta Mabel Domínguez 4 October 1927 – 3 June 2014) was an Argentine tango singer and movie actress. She appeared in 20 tango movies between 1943 and 1976.

paragraphs: Luque was born in Buenos Aires, Argentina.

paragraphs: She began her career in 1943 in "La guerra la gano yo". She appeared in many movies, her famous one was "Arriba el Telón o el Patio de la Morocha" (1951). She also starred in "La Balandra Isabel llegó esta tarde" (1949).

paragraphs: Luque died on June 3, 2014 from natural causes at the age of 86 in Buenos Aires, Argentina.


title: Enrique Pinti

paragraphs: Enrique Pinti (born October 7, 1939) is a retired-Argentine comedian and actor. His career began in 1957.

paragraphs: Pinti was born in Buenos Aires, Argentina.

paragraphs: He is known for his roles in "Juan que reía" (1976), "Esperando la carroza" (1985), "Flop" (1990), "Perdido por perdido" (1993), "Tango" (1998), and in "Arregui, la noticia del día" (2001).

paragraphs: He now lives in Buenos Aires. Pinti is openly gay.