title: Superpermutation

paragraphs: In combinatorial math, a superpermutation is a list of numbers that contains each different arrangement of symbols it is made up of inside of it. While superpermutations can simply be made up of every arrangement listed side by side, it can also be shorter. Sometimes, the arrangements may overlap. For example, when there are 2 different symbols, the superpermutation 1221 contains all possible arrangements, 12 and 21. The list 121 also contains both permutations, 12 at the beginning and 21 at the end.

paragraphs: As the number of symbols increases, the length of the superpermutation increases, too. The superpermutation with only 1 symbol is only 1 long (1), while the 2nd superpermutation is 3 long (121). The 3rd superpermutation is 9 long (123121321), and the 4th one is 33 long (123412314231243121342132413214321). The length of the superpermutation with 5 symbols is 153, and it looks like this:

paragraphs: So far, mathematicians have not been able to find the smallest length superpermutation that uses 6 or more symbols. They are slowly getting closer to finding it out.

paragraphs: Right now, mathematicians do not know what the smallest superpermutation is when there are six or more symbols. However, over time the choices of what they could be have narrowed considerably from both above and below.

paragraphs: In September 2011, an unknown person on the internet forum 4chan showed people that there was definitely a smallest superpermutation for any superpermutation with more than 1 symbol. On the website, it was called "The Haruhi Problem", from a Japanese anime called "The Melancholy of Haruhi Suzumiya." It was phrased like this: what would be the shortest amount of episodes that you would need to watch in order to guarantee that you watched every episode of a show? In October 2018, mathematician Robin Houston tweeted about it.

paragraphs: On October 25, 2018, Robin Houston, Jay Pantone, and Vince Vatter made the unknown person's proof better and posted it to the mathematics community.

paragraphs: On October 20 2018, Greg Egan found smaller superpermutations for ones with six or more symbols than there had ever been. This shows that smallest superpermutation must be at most that size.

paragraphs: As time goes on, people think that the smallest and largest possible lengths for these superpermutations will be narrowed down further. There is only one definite smallest superpermutation for each number of symbols.


title: Vrelo (Babušnica)

paragraphs: Vrelo is a village in Babušnica, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the village has a total of 141 people.


title: Sheniz Janmohamed

paragraphs: Sheniz Janmohamed is a Canadian poet and arts educator based in Toronto, Ontario. Her work has been featured in several journals including Descant, Quill & Quire. In 2016, she obtained the Artist Educator Mentorship Certification from the Royal Conservatory, Toronto.

paragraphs: Sheniz was born in North York and raised in Scarborough. Sheniz attended at the University of Toronto and completed BA Honours in English and Religion. She also graduated from the University of Guelph and obtained a Master's Of Fine Arts in Creative Writing in 2006. In 2010, her first book, "Bleeding Light", a collection of ghazals, was published by Mawenzi House. She has performed and lectured at several notable events including TedXYouth Conference, Vancouver Writers Fest. In 2013, she was invited to read on stage with Javed Akhtar at the "ZEE Jaipur Literature Festival". In 2015, Sheniz was granted the Lois Birkenshaw-Fleming Creative Teaching Scholarship.


title: Shane Dawson

paragraphs: Shane Lee Yaw (born July 19, 1988), known professionally as Shane Dawson, is an American YouTuber, author, sketch comedian, actor, director, media personality and musician. He was one of the first people to become famous on YouTube, and since kept an online presence.

paragraphs: He was born in Long Beach, California. He is known for his sketch-comedy videos, parody, Lets-Play and conspiracy theory videos.

paragraphs: In July 2015, Dawson came out as bisexual.


title: Jeffree Star

paragraphs: Jeffree Star (born Jeffrey Lynn Steininger Jr.; November 15, 1985) is an American Internet personality, makeup artist, entrepreneur, and singer-songwriter. He is the founder and owner of Jeffree Star Cosmetics. Star was born in Orange County, California. In 2009, Star released his first and only studio album, "Beauty Killer", which included songs such as "Lollipop Luxury" featuring Nicki Minaj. He is gay.

paragraphs: He appeared in the second version of Kesha's music video for her single "Take It Off" in 2010. is first cosmetics release was a collection of velour liquid lipsticks, which were followed by highlighter palettes, lip scrubs, eyeshadow palettes, clothing, and accessories, such as mirrors and make up bags.


title: Mohammad Nabi Habibi

paragraphs: Mohammad Nabi Habibi (, 19 December 1945 – 29 January 2019) was an Iranian politician. He was Secretary-General of the Islamic Coalition Party from 2004 until his death in 2019. He was Mayor of Tehran from 1983 until 1987, lasting 44 months.

paragraphs: Habibi died from a heart attack on 29 January 2019 in Tehran, aged 73.


title: Charles J. Hynes

paragraphs: Charles Joseph Hynes (May 28, 1935 – January 29, 2019) was an American lawyer and Democratic politician. He was born in New York City. He was Kings County District Attorney from 1990 to 2013. He was also the 24th New York City Fire Commissioner from 1980 to 1982.

paragraphs: Hynes died on January 29, 2019 at a hospital in Delray Beach, Florida following heart surgery and undergoing treatment for leukemia at the age of 83.


title: Per Jorsett

paragraphs: Per Jorsett (11 May 1920 – 30 January 2019) was a Norwegian freelance sports reporter, sport historian and sports shooter. He reported for "Sportsmanden" from 1945 to 1961, and for the newspapers "Dagbladet" and "Nationen". He had commissions for the Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation from 1947 to 1991. He wrote books on the Olympic Games.

paragraphs: Jorsett died on 30 January 2019 in Oslo from cardiopulmonary arrest, aged 98.


title: James Ingram

paragraphs: James Edward Ingram (February 16, 1952 – January 29, 2019) was an American singer-songwriter, record producer, actor and keyboardist. He won two Grammy Awards and was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Original Song two times. Ingram was born in Akron, Ohio.

paragraphs: He had two number-one singles on the Hot 100. The first was a duet with fellow R&B artist Patti Austin in 1982's "Baby, Come to Me" and "I Don't Have the Heart", which became his second number-one in 1990 was his only number-one as a solo artist.

paragraphs: He was also known for the song "Somewhere Out There" with fellow recording artist Linda Ronstadt for the animated movie "An American Tail".

paragraphs: Ingram died on January 29, 2019, aged 66, from brain cancer, at his home in Los Angeles.


title: Ladysmith, Wisconsin

paragraphs: Ladysmith is a city and the county seat of Rusk County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 3,414 at the 2010 census.


title: Mount Asgard

paragraphs: Mount Asgard is a mountain in Baffin Island, Nunavut, Canada. The mountain has a two mountain peaks. The mountain peaks are flat at the top, in a circular shape. The peaks are connected by a large piece of rock. The mountain is on the Cumberland Peninsula of Baffin Island and it is part of the Baffin Mountains mountain range. The mountain is made up of granite. The mountain is named after Asgard. Asgard is the home of the gods in Norse mythology.

paragraphs: The northern peak of Mount Asgard was climbed for the first time in 1953. The climbers that climbed the mountain were J. Weber, J. Marmet, and H. Röthlisberger. They were Swiss scientists that were part of the Arctic Institute Baffin Island Expedition. The expedition's leader was a Canadian named P. Baird.

paragraphs: The southern peak of the mountain was climbed for the first time in 1971. The climbers that climbed it were G. Lee, R. Wood, P. Clanky, J. Pavur, Y. Kamisawa and P. Koch. Since the peaks have been climbed for the first time, there are now more than 13 routes going up the mountain. Most of these routes are very difficult and challenging. They often use free climbing and aid climbing techniques.


title: Fate/stay night

paragraphs: "Fate/stay night" is the "highest selling visual novel" in 2004 of the adult game retailer Getchu.com. Readers of "Dengeki G's Magazine" ranked the game second in a list of "most interesting bishōjo games" in August 2007.


title: Real (hypermarket)

paragraphs: Real (stylized real,-) is a German hypermarket chain operating in Europe that is part of the German trade and retail giant Metro AG. It was founded in 1992.


title: Media Markt

paragraphs: Media Markt is a German chain of stores selling consumer electronics with numerous branches throughout Europe. It is Europe's largest retailer of consumer electronics, and the second largest in the world after American retailer Best Buy.


title: Fairfield, Texas

paragraphs: Fairfield is a city in the U.S. state of Texas. It is the county seat of Freestone County.


title: Bay City, Texas

paragraphs: Bay City is a city in the U.S. state of Texas. It is the county seat of Matagorda County.


title: Memphis, Texas

paragraphs: Memphis is a city in the U.S. state of Texas. It is the county seat of Hall County.


title: Nelson County, North Dakota

paragraphs: Nelson County is a county located in the U.S. state of North Dakota. As of the 2010 census, 3,126 people lived there. The county seat is Lakota. It was founded in 1883.


title: Deaths in February 2019

paragraphs: The following is a list of deaths that should be noted in February 2019. For deaths that should be noted before the month that the world is in, please see "Months". Names under each date are noted in the order of the alphabet by last name or pseudonym. Deaths of non-humans are noted here also if it is worth noting.

paragraphs: Each listing of a death must have a source. If no reference is included, the death notice will be removed. The following are the requirements of adding a name to the list in its order: name, age, where they came from, what the person is known for, cause of death (if known) and a source.


title: Maidan Shar attack

paragraphs: On 21 January 2019, in central Afghanistan, the Taliban attacked a military compound in Maidan Shar. The attack killed soldiers of the Afghan National Security Forces.

paragraphs: The Taliban attacked while in the process of negotiating a truce with the United States. The attack began when an car with bombs rammed through a military checkpoint and onto the grounds of the compound, where the car exploded. After the explosion, two gunmen entered the base and opened fire on Afghan soldiers, before the two were shot down.

paragraphs: 126 people were killed in the explosion. The Taliban claimed responsibility and stated that over 190 people were killed in the attack. The Afghan National Directorate of Security reported that 36 military personnel were killed.


title: 2019 South Sulawesi floods

paragraphs: On 22 January 2019, floods caused by heavy rainfall hit the Indonesian province of South Sulawesi. At least 68 people were killed and thousands were lost. Gowa Regency was hard-hit having the majority of the fatalities.

paragraphs: The most destructive flood was caused by the overflowing of the Jeneberang River and the opening of the watergates of the Bili-Bili Dam in Gowa, though other floods also occurred elsewhere in the province.


title: Brumadinho dam disaster

paragraphs: The Brumadinho dam disaster occurred on 25 January 2019 when a tailings dam at an iron ore mine in Brumadinho, Minas Gerais, Brazil suffered a collapsed and exploded.

paragraphs: The dam was owned by Vale, the same company which was involved in the 2015 Bento Rodrigues dam disaster.

paragraphs: The dam released a mudflow that advanced over houses in a rural area near the city. At least 110 people died as a result of the collapse.

paragraphs: President Jair Bolsonaro, sent three ministers to follow the rescue efforts.


title: Manny Pacquiao

paragraphs: Emmanuel Dapidran Pacquiao, PLH ( ; ; born December 17, 1978) is a Filipino professional boxer and politician.

paragraphs: Pacquiao was born in Kibawe, Bukidnon, Philippines. He studied at Notre Dame of Dadiangas University.

paragraphs: He is the only eight-division world champion in the history of boxing. He won eleven major world titles, as well as being the first boxer to win the lineal championship in five different weight classes. Pacquiao is also the first boxer in history to win major world titles in four of the original eight weight classes of boxing: flyweight, featherweight, lightweight, and welterweight.

paragraphs: Pacquiao has generated about 19.6 million in pay-per-view buys and $1.2 billion in revenue from his 24 pay-per-view bouts. According to "Forbes", he was the second highest paid athlete in the world as of 2015.

paragraphs: In May 2010, Pacquiao was elected to the House of Representatives representing the province of Sarangani. He was re-elected in 2013. In June 2016, Pacquiao was elected as a senator and will serve a six-year term until 2022.

paragraphs: Pacquiao has been seen as a top contender for 2022 presidential election. Current President Rodrigo Duterte said in December 2016 and December 2017 that he wants to make Pacquiao his replacement.


title: 2019 Jolo Cathedral bombings

paragraphs: On the morning of January 27, 2019, two bombs exploded at the Roman Catholic Cathedral of Our Lady of Mount Carmel in Jolo, Sulu, in the Philippines. Twenty people were killed and 82 injured in the bombings. The Islamic State (IS) took responsibility for the bombings.


title: January–February 2019 North American cold wave

paragraphs: In late January, 2019, a severe cold wave caused by a polar vortex hit the midwestern United States and eastern Canada and lasted into February. It killed between 8 and 21 people. It came after a winter storm that brought nearly of snow in some parts of the region.

paragraphs: The U.S. states of Michigan, New York, Illinois, Wisconsin, Minnesota, North Dakota and Indiana were affected by the vortex. In Canada, parts of the provinces of Manitoba and Ontario were affected.

paragraphs: In the Chicago area, temperatures went as low as at O'Hare International Airport on January 30. Chicago's Northerly Island recorded temperatures as low as and Chicago's Midway International Airport recorded a temperature of . Chicago also reached record lows on January 31, with a temperature of and a windchill of .


title: Jean-Marc Fontaine

paragraphs: Jean-Marc Fontaine (13 March 1944 – 29 January 2019) was a French mathematician. He was one of the founders of p-adic Hodge theory. He was a professor at Paris-Sud 11 University from 1988 to his death. He was born in Boulogne-Billancourt, France.

paragraphs: In 1984 he received the Prix Carrière from the French Academy of Sciences. Beginning in 2002 he was a member of the French Academy of Sciences.

paragraphs: Fontaine died on 29 January 2019 in Paris from thyroid cancer at the age of 74.


title: Andy Hebenton

paragraphs: Andrew Alexander "Spuds" Hebenton (October 3, 1929 – January 29, 2019) was a Canadian professional ice hockey right winger. He holds the record for the longest streak without missing a game in professional hockey history. He was born in Winnipeg, Manitoba. Hebenton played for the New York Rangers and Boston Bruins. He retired in 1976.

paragraphs: Hebenton died on January 29, 2019 in Portland, Oregon from bladder cancer, aged 89.


title: Stewart Adams

paragraphs: Stewart Sanders Adams (1923 – 30 January 2019) was a British chemist. He was known for creating ibuprofen in the early 1960s.

paragraphs: Adams died aged 95 at the Queen's Medical Centre in Nottingham from pneumonia on 30 January 2019.


title: Kálmán Ihász

paragraphs: Kálmán Ihász (6 March 1941 – 31 January 2019) was a Hungarian footballer. During his club career he played for Vasas SC. For the Hungary national football team, he participated in the 1962 FIFA World Cup. He also won a gold medal in 1964 Summer Olympics. Ihász was born in Budapest.

paragraphs: Ihász died on 31 January 2019 in Budapest from cerebral infarction, aged 77.


title: Pierre Nanterme

paragraphs: Pierre Nanterme (7 September 1959 – 31 January 2019) was a French business executive. He was the chairman and chief executive officer (CEO) of Accenture.

paragraphs: Nanterme was diagnosed with colon cancer in 2016. Nanterme died on 31 January 2019 at the age of 59.


title: Georges Sarre

paragraphs: Georges Sarre (26 November 1935 – 31 January 2019) was a French politician. He was born in Chénérailles, Creuse. He was the leader of the Citizen and Republican Movement. He was elected MEP in the 1979 European elections and was elected to the French National Assembly for Paris in 1981.

paragraphs: Sarre died on 31 January 2019 in Paris from coronary artery disease, aged 83.


title: Don Laughlin

paragraphs: Donald J. "Don" Laughlin (born May 4, 1931) is an American gambling entrepreneur, hotelier and rancher. The town of Laughlin, Nevada, is named after him.

paragraphs: Laughlin moved to Las Vegas, Nevada, in the late 1950s and purchased his first casino, the "101 Club." By 1964, Laughlin had sold the 101 Club. He is known for owning the Riverside Resort Hotel & Casino.


title: Robert Ettinger

paragraphs: Robert Chester Wilson Ettinger (December 4, 1918 – July 23, 2011) was an American academic. He was known as "the father of cryonics" because of the impact of his 1962 book "The Prospect of Immortality".

paragraphs: Ettinger founded the Cryonics Institute and the related Immortalist Society and until 2003.


title: FM-2030

paragraphs: FM-2030 (born Fereidoun M. Esfandiary ; October 15, 1930 – July 8, 2000) was a Belgian-born Iranian-American author, teacher, transhumanist philosopher, futurist, consultant and athlete. He was a known transhumanist with the book "Are You a Transhuman?: Monitoring and Stimulating Your Personal Rate of Growth in a Rapidly Changing World", published in 1989.


title: Dick Clair

paragraphs: Dick Clair (November 12, 1931 – December 12, 1988) was an American television producer, actor and television and movie writer. He was born in San Francisco, California. He was best known for the television sitcoms "It's a Living", "The Facts of Life", and "Mama's Family".

paragraphs: He won three Emmy Award for his writings on "The Carol Burnett Show" (1974, 1975, 1978).

paragraphs: Clair died of AIDS in Los Angeles on December 12, 1988, aged 57. His body is chronologically frozen.


title: Gendarmerie

paragraphs: The gendarmerie means either the place where gendarmes are stationed or a military armed force. The gendarmerie is part of the army. In places where gendarmes are deployed outside, they also have a provost function.

paragraphs: The term gendarme comes from the old medieval French "Gens d'armes". In English, it can be translated as men-at-arms. In Italy, they are called "carabinieri". In first use, a troop of horsemen equipped with a carbine.

paragraphs: Like the police, it has a role in road safety and surveillance of military places. The gendarmerie also provides mountain rescue capability. In conflict zones, the gendarmerie's function is the restoration of law and order as a provost unit. In addition to the police, the gendarmerie has military equipments such as armored transport.

paragraphs: The use of military units for civilian police is common to many eras and cultures. Belgium and Austria had gendarmeries (Royal Guard), but they merged with civilian police. Many former French colonies, particularly in Africa, have kept gendarmeries. The common symbol of the gendarmerie is the inflamed grenade. This symbol was used first by the French gendarmerie.


title: Argentine food

paragraphs: Argentine food is a mix of foods from various cultures. There are Mediterranean influences (Italian, Spanish) and indigenous peoples.

paragraphs: There are many agricultural products that are available in the country. Beef eating has averaged 100 kg (220 lbs) per capita, consumption averaged 67.7 kg (149 lbs) in 2007. Beyond "asado" (the Argentine barbecue), no other dish matches the national identity. The country's vast area, and cultural diversity, have led to a local cuisine of various dishes.

paragraphs: Argentine people have a reputation for their love of eating. Social gatherings are commonly centered on sharing a meal. Invitations to have dinner at home is generally viewed as a symbol of friendship, warmth, and integration. Sunday family lunch is considered the most significant meal of the week, whose highlights often include asado or pasta.

paragraphs: Argentine restaurants include a great variety of cuisines, prices, and flavors. Large cities tend to host everything from high-end international cuisine, to "bodegones" (inexpensive traditional hidden taverns), less stylish restaurants, and bars and canteens offering a range of dishes at affordable prices.


title: Ely College

paragraphs: Ely College is a secondary school located in Ely, Cambridgeshire.

paragraphs: In 1957, Ely High School for Girls moved out of the centre of Ely to Downham Road. A primary school was built around the same time. In 1969 a charity donation meant a secondary school was built. In 1972 these schools became the City of Ely Community College. It was re-named Ely College in 2011.

paragraphs: In 2011 Ely College became an Academy. It joined the Cfbt Trust in 2012. It then joined the CMAT Trust in 2016 instead.

paragraphs: CMAT was formed in 2011. The Trust began as Cambridge Meridian Education Trust (CMET) in 2009. The trust started with Swavesey Village College. In 2011 CMET became Cambridge Meridian Academies Trust (CMAT). This meant it could have more academies.

paragraphs: Ely College is organised into four 'Houses'. Each of them have around 250 students and 30 staff. They are named Etheldreda, Scott, Franklin and Turing. This system is used in many of the CMAT academies.

paragraphs: Bishop Laney Sixth Form is on the same site as the College. It used to be called Ely College Sixth Form. It is a project between Ely College and Soham Village College.

paragraphs: The Sixth Form offers A-Level courses and Technical Awards. It also works with Norwich City Football Club who run a football course.

paragraphs: In 2013, Ofsted rated Ely College as 'Good'.

paragraphs: In 2015, Ofsted rated Ely College as 'Inadequate'. It needed special measures.


title: Kaufland

paragraphs: Kaufland is a German hypermarket chain, part of the Schwarz Gruppe which also owns Lidl and Handelshof. In 1984, the first store was opened in Neckarsulm and quickly expanded to become a leader in what was formerly East Germany. The chain operates over 1,200 stores in Germany, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Poland, Romania, Bulgaria and Croatia. Kaufland plans to open stores in Australia, and Moldova.


title: Paralympic agitos

paragraphs: The Paralympic agitos are the official symbol of the Paralympic Games. The design was created by Scholz & Friends in 2003. The agitos represent the movement of athletes from around the world at the Paralympic Games. The agitos were first used at the Paralympic Games Greece in 2004. The three colours of the agitos are blue, red and green.


title: Surjoux-Lhopital

paragraphs: Surjoux-Lhopital is a new commune. It is in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region in the Ain department in east France. It was founded on 1 January 2019. It is made of the former communes of Surjoux and Lhôpital.


title: Valserhône

paragraphs: Valserhône is a new commune in the Ain department of eastern France. It was founded on 1 January 2019. It is made of the former communes of Bellegarde-sur-Valserine, Châtillon-en-Michaille and Lancrans.


title: Bresse Vallons

paragraphs: Bresse Vallons is a new commune in the Ain department of eastern France. It was founded on 1 January 2019. It is made of the former communes of Cras-sur-Reyssouze and Étrez.


title: Arvière-en-Valromey

paragraphs: Arvière-en-Valromey is a new commune in the Ain department of eastern France. It was founded on 1 January 2019. It is made of the former communes of Brénaz, Chavornay, Lochieu and Virieu-le-Petit.


title: Valromey-sur-Séran

paragraphs: Valromey-sur-Séran is a new commune in the Ain department of eastern France. It was founded on 1 January 2019. It is made of the former communes of Belmont-Luthézieu, Lompnieu, Sutrieu and Vieu.


title: Plateau d'Hauteville

paragraphs: Plateau d'Hauteville is a new commune in the Ain department of eastern France. It was founded on 1 January 2019. It is made of the former communes of Cormaranche-en-Bugey, Hauteville-Lompnes, Hostiaz and Thézillieu.


title: Pierce County, North Dakota

paragraphs: Pierce County is a county located in the U.S. state of North Dakota. As of the 2010 census, 4,357 people lived there. The county seat is Rugby.


title: Fitawrari Gebeyehu

paragraphs: Fitawrari Gebeyehu popularly referred to by his "horse-name" አባ ጎራው, was an accomplished Ethiopian military commander and lord protector of the crown. He played a leading role in several important battles of Ethiopian history.

paragraphs: Gebeyehu was born in , in Shewa, Ethiopia. He was born in the same village as Emperor Menelik II of Ethiopia.

paragraphs: Gebeyehu was Fitawrari (Army Commander, a military and aristocratic title). He played a leading role in several important battles of Ethiopian history. He made his reputation at the Battle of Amba Alaje (also known as Amba Alage or Amba Alagi) and later at the Battle of Adwa. In the Battle of Adwa, he commanded 5,000 riflemen, 15,000 spearmen, and 3,000 cavalry.

paragraphs: Gebeyehu was killed in action in the Battle of Adwa. He played a crucial role in the winning of the battle of Adwa. During the battle, he was the front cavalry assault leader for the king's army. While leading the assault He witnessed a large number of Italian military preparing an ambush and slaughter for the large Ethiopian army headed by emperor Minilik II. He realized unless he acted to the ambush in time the large army would be easily destroyed by the ambush. Then he drives his cavalry army direct into the fully fortified Italian army and began the attack and gave the king's army to escape the ambush and arrive at the battle filed. He was killed at this battle fighting fearlessly.

paragraphs: A street in Addis Ababa is named after him. He is still today renowned for his military skills.

paragraphs: A street in Addis Ababa is named after Gebeyehu. He is still known for his military skills.


title: U.S. territory

paragraphs: A U.S. territory is a place, like an island, that the United States of America owns. But the island or country still has their own government.

paragraphs: The current U.S. territories include Puerto Rico, American Samoa, the Northern Mariana Islands and Guam.


title: The Housemaid (movie)

paragraphs: The Housemaid is a 2010 South Korean thriller movie. It is a remake of the 1960 movie of the same name. It competed for the Palme d'Or at the 2010 Cannes Film Festival.

paragraphs: The movie begins with a busy city street. A woman commits suicide (kills herself) by jumping from a building ledge. Eun-yi works as a worker in a restaurant. She convinces her co-worker and roommate to drive her to the scene of the suicide. She stands deeply upset over the chalk outline where the woman's body had been.

paragraphs: The next morning, an older woman by the name Byeong-sik visits Eun-yi in her small apartment. Byeong-sik later thinks about giving her a job.

paragraphs: Eun-yi is hired as an au pair for Hae-ra and her husband Hoon. Hae-ra is pregnant with twins. Eun-yi's main task is watching the couple's young daughter Nami.

paragraphs: Hoon begins secretly flirting with Eun-yi. He entices her with glasses of wine and piano playing. The two eventually begin a sexual relationship. But despite the affair, Eun-yi is still friendly and warm to Hoon's unknowing wife Hae-ra. She is even delighted at the progress of Hae-ra's pregnancy.

paragraphs: Byeong-sik (also known as "Miss Cho") sees Eun-yi and Hoon having sex with each other. Miss Cho tells her suspicion to Hae-ra's mother that Eun-yi is pregnant. Hae-ra's mother, Mi-hee, then visits the family. The family stage an "accident" that results in Eun-yi falling from a ladder at the top of some stairs. Eun-yi dangles from a chandelier and begs Hae-ra's mother to pull her over the railing. But Hae-ra's mother refuses. Eun-yi falls.

paragraphs: Eun-yi spends the night in the hospital with only a concussion. She then learns that she's pregnant.

paragraphs: Hae-ra is told by her mother to ignore the affair. The mother insists that all husbands cheat sooner or later. Hae-ra takes matters into her own hands and poisons the herbal medicine Eun-yi drinks every day.

paragraphs: Hae-ra goes to the hospital and delivers her twin sons. Hoon visits the hospital, where Hae-ra makes her ill will toward him known. Hoon, furious, returns home alone. He finds Eun-yi in his bathtub. Eun-yi plans on keeping the baby.

paragraphs: Eun-yi succumbs to the effects of the poison. Mi-hee arranges an abortion without Eun-yi's permission. After the abortion, Miss Cho reveals that she told Mi-hee about the pregnancy. Eun-yi is angry. However, she forgives Miss Cho. Eun-yi wants to get revenge on the family. When she recovers from the abortion, she sneaks into the house with Miss Cho's assistance.

paragraphs: Eun-yi later hangs herself from the same chandelier to which she had hung earlier. She sets herself on fire.

paragraphs: The movie was first shown in South Korea on 13 May 2010. It opened in 679 screens. It took in over $5.7 million at the box office. After week two, the number of screens had been reduced to 520. The movie dropped to second place. The overall total box office for "The Housemaid" was $14,075,390.

paragraphs: IFC Films was the American distributor. It released the movie in 2011.


title: Cory Booker 2020 presidential campaign

paragraphs: The Cory Booker 2020 presidential campaign was the presidential campaign of Cory Booker. He announced on February 1, 2019 that he would run for President of the United States. The president gave a quick response. Before this, he had already been widely speculated to be in the process of preparing to run for President. There is a big office for the campaign.

paragraphs: In 2018, "Politico" identified him as part of a movement along with Kamala Harris, Kirsten Gillibrand, Elizabeth Warren, and Bernie Sanders, given he voted "to stop [the president's] nominees for administration jobs"; all of the Senators in this group were considered potential 2020 presidential contenders at this point in time. That year and in early 2019, he began travelling early in the campaign schedule.

paragraphs: After failing to qualify for the sixth debate and poor polling numbers, Booker ended his campaign on January 13, 2020.


title: Bernie Sanders 2020 presidential campaign

paragraphs: Bernie Sanders announced his 2020 United States presidential campaign via email on February 19, 2019. He made the announcement on Vermont Public Radio. This is his second run for the Democratic nomination, following his campaign in the 2016 primaries. He also announced his campaign in an email to his supporters on the same day.

paragraphs: He entered into the 2020 Democratic Party presidential primaries as one of the front-runner candidates, as compared to his prior 2016 underdog campaign. His the 2020 race has more advantages as his policy ideas accepted into the Democratic mainstream.

paragraphs: In a crowded field of primary candidates, Sanders both leads in polling and has the largest fan base than his competition. Policies from his last campaign, such as single-payer healthcare and tuition-free public colleges, had since entered mainstream Democratic thought.

paragraphs: In October 2019, the Bernie Sanders 2020 campaign gained the support of Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez.

paragraphs: Some of the main issues the campaign supports are:

paragraphs: On April 8, 2020 one day after the Wisconsin primary, Sanders ended his campaign after failing to beat Biden in many primary contests after Super Tuesday.On April 13, Sanders formally endorsed Biden for the Democratic nomination.


title: Canoe.com

paragraphs: Canoe.com is an English-language Canadian portal site and website network. Canoe.com is a business subsidiary of Postmedia Network. The French-language website continues to use the former name for both sites, Canoe.ca, and is owned by Quebecor Media. The phrase "Canadian Online Explorer" is shown in the header of the English version of the site. The name "Canoe" as an acronym from the abbreviation "Can. O. E." is a play on the word "canoe" (or ""canoë"" in French). Canoe's head office has been in Toronto, Canada, at 333 King Street East.

paragraphs: The Canoe Network has had over 7.7 million monthly visitors and includes separate English and French portals at codice_1 and codice_2, information verticals like Cnews, SLAM!, JAM! and Lifewise, as well as the Sun Media newspaper sites. Canoe.com also has online services in the fields of employment and continuing education (Jobboom.com), housing (Homes-Extra.ca), automobiles Autonet.ca and ASL Internet. ASL Internet is an abbreviation of Aged Stock Limited which was incorporated in 2002 by James Kovacs and sold to Canoe in 2008. The group also runs personals (reseaucontact.com), social networks (space.canoe.ca), classified ads (classifiedextra.ca) and advertising solutions (canoeklix.ca).


title: Oliver County, North Dakota

paragraphs: Oliver County is a county located in the U.S. state of North Dakota. As of the 2010 census, 1,846 people lived there. The county seat and only city is Center.


title: Pembina County, North Dakota

paragraphs: Pembina County is a county located in the U.S. state of North Dakota. As of the 2010 census, 7,413 people lived there. The county seat is Cavalier.


title: Ramsey County, North Dakota

paragraphs: Ramsey County is a county located in the U.S. state of North Dakota. As of the 2010 census, 11,451 people lived there. The county seat is Devils Lake.


title: Fist

paragraphs: A fist is the the term given to the hand when the four fingers are clenched, and the thumb closed over the first finger. In this solid form, it can be used for striking in combat. The half-closed fist may be used for some tasks, like knocking.

paragraphs: Making a fist is virtually unknown amongst other primates. Their fingers have different proportions to humans.


title: Williams County, North Dakota

paragraphs: Williams County is a county in the U.S. state of North Dakota. As of the 2010 census, 22,398 people lived there. The county seat is Williston.


title: Ward County, North Dakota

paragraphs: Ward County is a county in North Dakota in the United States. There were 61,675 people living there at the 2010 census, making it the fourth-most populous county in North Dakota. The county seat is Minot.


title: Soultzmatt

paragraphs: Soultzmatt is a commune. It is found in the Haut-Rhin department of eastern France.

paragraphs: Its vineyards produce one of the finest Alsacian wines: the "Grand Cru" Zinnkoepflé.


title: Otto Schubiger

paragraphs: Otto Schubiger (6 January 1925 – 28 January 2019) was a Swiss ice hockey player. He played for the ZSC Lions, GCK Lions and SC Rapperswil-Jona Lakers, winning the Swiss National League A championship in 1949 and 1961, both with ZSC. Internationally Schubiger played for the Swiss national team, winning a bronze medal at the 1948 Winter Olympics and bronze medals at the 1951 and 1953 World Championships.

paragraphs: Schubiger died on 28 January 2019 in Baden at the age of 94.


title: Prilly

paragraphs: Prilly () is a municipality in Switzerland in the canton of Vaud, located in the district of Ouest lausannois. It is a western suburb of the city of Lausanne.


title: Rachel Pollack

paragraphs: Rachel Grace Pollack (born August 17, 1945) is an American science fiction author, comic book writer, and expert on tarot. Pollack is involved in the women's spirituality movement.

paragraphs: Pollack has written a book about Salvador Dali's Tarot deck. Pollack's work "78 Degrees of Wisdom" on Tarot reading is used by many Tarot readers.

paragraphs: Pollack is best known for her run of issues 64–87 on the comic book "Doom Patrol", on DC Comics' Vertigo imprint, with Grant Morrison. In the comic, Pollack wrote about topics such as menstruation, sexual identity, and transsexuality that are unusual in comics.

paragraphs: Three of Pollack's novels have won or been nominated for major awards in the science fiction and fantasy field: "Unquenchable Fire" won the 1989 Arthur C. Clarke Award; "Godmother Night" won the 1997 World Fantasy Award, was shortlisted for the James Tiptree, Jr. Award, and was nominated for a Lambda Award; "Temporary Agency" was nominated for the 1995 Nebula Award and the Mythopoeic Award, and shortlisted for the Tiptree.

paragraphs: Pollack is Jewish, and has frequently written about the Kabbalah.

paragraphs: Pollack is a transsexual woman and has written often about transgender issues. In "Doom Patrol" she introduced Coagula, a transsexual character. She has also written several essays on being transsexual. She attacked the idea that it is a "sickness." She writes that it is a passion and helps with greater understanding of others.

paragraphs: "A Secret Woman" features a police detective who is transgender and Jewish. The detective utters the prayer, "Blessed art thou oh G-d who made me not a woman. Double blessed is Doctor Green who has." Rachel Pollack created the characters known as 'the bandage people' for her "Doom Patrol" run. The bandage people are 'sexually remaindered spirits' who died in sexual accidents. The initials srs came from the medical term 'sex reassignment surgery'. Rachel wrote the essay "The Transsexual Book of The Dead" for the anthology "Phallus Palace". This article is concerning trans men.

paragraphs: For nearly 20 years Pollack has been teaching seminars with Tarot author Mary K. Greer at the Omega Institute, in Rhinebeck, New York.


title: Parliament (Eswatini)

paragraphs: The Parliament of Eswatini "(Swazi: Libandla)" is the large group of legislators, or law makers, of the country of Eswatini. It is made of two groups called "chambers". These chambers are:


title: Paul Sereno

paragraphs: Paul Callistus Sereno (born October 11, 1957) is paleontologist who was educated at the University of Chicago who has discovered several new dinosaur species from places such as Inner Mongolia, Argentina, Morocco and Niger. One of his most widely publicized discoveries is that of a nearly complete specimen of "Sarcosuchus" (known as SuperCroc).


title: Nebulasaurus

paragraphs: Nebulasaurus (meaning "misty cloud liard") is a sauropod only known from a braincaise. It was related to "Spinophorosaurus".


title: Dze with caron

paragraphs: Dze with caron (Ѕ̌ ѕ̌) is a letter of the Cyrillic script. It is not confused with the letter <Š>.


title: Super Bowl LIII

paragraphs: Super Bowl LIII (meaning Super Bowl 53 in Roman numerals) was an American football game in which the New England Patriots, who were the winners of the American Football Conference (AFC) in the 2018 season, beat the Los Angeles Rams, winners of the National Football Conference (NFC) in the 2018 season, 13-3 to become winners of the National Football League (NFL) for the 2018 season. It was the 6th time the New England Patriots won a Super Bowl. It was also the 11th time the New England Patriots had been in a Super Bowl and the 4th time the Los Angeles Rams had been in a Super Bowl. It is was played at the Mercedes-Benz Stadium in Atlanta, Georgia on February 3, 2018. The game had the lowest score of any Super Bowl in history, with 16 points scored by both teams. It also had the lowest amount of people watching it on television for a Super Bowl for 10 years, with 98.2 million people watching it in the United States. The same teams played in this Super Bowl as the Super Bowl XXXVI, when the New England Patriots also won.


title: New Aspiration Party

paragraphs: The New Aspiration Party ("Phak Khwam Wang Mai ") is a political party in Thailand. The party was founded in 1990 by General Chavalit Yongchaiyudh after his retirement as Commander-In-Chief of the Royal Thai Army. This party won the elections of 1996 and formed a coalition government with Chavalit as Prime Minister. The onset of the Asian Financial Crisis in 1997 diminished the electorate's confidence in the government, and Chavalit was forced to resign.

paragraphs: Discredited as a result of the economic crisis, Chavalit formed a coalition with the populist Thai Rak Thai Party led by Thaksin Shinawatra to take part in the 2001 elections. Shortly after the election, the majority of the New Aspiration Party merged with Thai Rak Thai and Chavalit became the Deputy Prime Minister in Thaksin's cabinet.

paragraphs: After the election in 2001,Thaksin Shinawatra the leader of Thai Rak Thai Party, became prime minister. The New Aspiration Party has joined the government. Shortly thereafter. The New Aspiration Partywas merged with the Thai Rak Thai Party. Mostly to join Thai Rak Thai party (the governing party) with Gen. Chavalit Yongchaiyudh except Chalerm Yubamrung who return to be the Leader of the Mass Party Chingchai Mongcoltam decided to continue the New Aspiration Party and Lieutenant Colonel Thita Rangsitpol Manitkul,WRTA Member of the Parliament and Deputy Secretary of the party. Offset to the Democrats. (Opposition Party) remains the only MPs moving from the opposition party government. During her tenure as a member of the House of Representatives

paragraphs: In the legislative elections on July 3, 2011, the party won 0.08% of the popular vote and no seats in the House of Representatives.


title: Kangding Qingge

paragraphs: "Kangding Qingge" () simply means "Kangding Love Song". The song is a folk song of a town named Kangding in Sichuan Province. The song is one of the most popular songs across the Sinosphere.

paragraphs: In 1946, Wu Wen-ji studied vocal music in Sikang Province in China. At the same time, he composed a song named Paomao Liuliude Shanshang. This means "Running Horse Mountain" in English. He also composed other local folk songs. When he was teaching at a Kuomintang military academy, he renamed the song as Kangding Love Song. He renamed it after the capital of the Sikang Province. He also changed some of the lyrics. The song then spread to the rest of China. This is due to the song being sung by a popular Soprano named Yu Yixuan.

paragraphs: Since then, the song has been performed by many famous artists around the world. They includes Placido Domingo, Timi Zhuo , and A-mei.


title: Deutsch-Kasachische Universität

paragraphs: The Deutsch-Kasachische Universität, abbreviated DKU, (Kazakh-German University; , ) is a co-educational non-profit university located in Almaty, Kazakhstan. It was founded in 1999. The school is accredited by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan.

paragraphs: Classes are taught by German and Kazakhstani professors.

paragraphs: The university has less than five hundred students studying in pre-bachelor, bachelor and master's programs. Master's degrees can be earned in

paragraphs: Students are admitted based on scores on entrance exams and academic records. Between 70% and 80% of applicants are accepted.

paragraphs: The university has partnerships with five universities in Germany.

paragraphs: UniRank places it 60th among Kazakhstani universities.

paragraphs: The university is located at Pushkin Street 111/113, Almaty 050010.

paragraphs: The university's telephone number is +7 (727) 293 8913 - 29.

paragraphs: The school colors are gray, black, red and gold.

paragraphs: official home-page of the university: http://dku.kz/de/


title: İlkay Gündoğan

paragraphs: İlkay Gündoğan is a German professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Premier League club Manchester City and the Germany national football team.

paragraphs: Born in Gelsenkirchen, Gündoğan came through VfL Bochum's (German Club) youth academy. In 2008, he began playing for the club's reserve side before joining the first team, FC Nürnberg (German Club) the following season. He was then acquired by Borussia Dortmund (German Club) in 2011, winning the double of Bundesliga and DFB-Pokal (German knockout football cup) in his first season. In 2013, he helped Borussia reach their first UEFA Champions League Final since 1996–97. After playing a total of 157 matches and scoring 15 goals for the club, Gündoğan signed for Manchester City for an estimated transfer fee of £21 million in the summer of 2016. He won the Premier League and English Football League Cup in 2017–18.

paragraphs: Gündoğan made his senior debut for Germany in 2011 after previously being capped by Germany youth teams at under-18, under-19, under-20 and under-21 levels. He was chosen in Germany's squads for UEFA Euro 2012 and the 2018 FIFA World Cup.


title: Super Bowl LII

paragraphs: Super Bowl LII (meaning Super Bowl 52 in Roman numerals) was an American football game in which the Philadelphia Eagles, who were winners of the National Football Conference (NFC) in the 2017 season, beat the New England Patriots, who were winners of the American Football Conference (AFC) in the 2017 season, 41-33 to become winners of the National Football League (NFL) for the 2017 season. It was the first time the Philadelphia Eagles won a Super Bowl and was their second NFL title. It was played at the U.S. Bank Stadium in Minneapolis, Minnesota on February 4, 2018.


title: Yvonne Clark

paragraphs: Yvonne Y. Clark (born Georgianna Yvonne Young; April 13, 1929 – January 27, 2019) was an American engineer. She is the first woman to get a Bachelor of Science degree in mechanical engineering at Howard University. She is the first woman to earn a master's degree in Engineering Management from Vanderbilt University. She was the first woman to serve as a faculty member in the College of Engineering and Technology at Tennessee State University, then an emereti Professor.

paragraphs: Clark was the first African-American woman to earn a master's degree in Engineering Management from Vanderbilt University in 1972, after having sent the first African-American students to their engineering department earlier.


title: Alf Lüdtke

paragraphs: Alf Lüdtke (18 October 1943 – 29 January 2019) (also Alf Luedtke) was a German historian. He was born in Dresden. He was a leading German representative of the history of everyday life ("Alltagsgeschichte" in German). Lüdtke was the founder and editor of the journal "Sozialwissenschaftliche Informationen", as well as co-founder and co-editor of the journals "Werkstatt Geschichte" and "Historische Anthropologie. Kultur – Gesellschaft – Alltag".

paragraphs: Lüdtke died on 29 January 2019 in Dresden from a stroke, aged 75.


title: Ron Joyce

paragraphs: Ronald Vaughan Joyce, C.M. (October 19, 1930 – January 31, 2019) was a Canadian entrepreneur and billionaire. He co-founded the Tim Hortons doughnut chain as Tim Horton's partner. He helped create Tim Horton Children's Camps and the Tim Horton Children's Foundation. He was named a member of the Order of Canada in 1992.

paragraphs: In 2018, Forbes estimated his net worth to be around US$1.4 billion. Joyce died at his home in Burlington, Ontario on January 31, 2019 at the age of 88.


title: Johnny Lion

paragraphs: Johnny Lion (born John van Leeuwarden; 4 July 1941 – 31 January 2019) was a Dutch singer, journalist and actor. He was best known for his hit-single "Sophietje". He was born in The Hague. An actor, Lion starred in the movies "Siberia" (1998) and in "Van God Los" (2003). A journalist, he worked for "Panorama".

paragraphs: Lion, who was suffering from Alzheimer's disease and lung cancer, died in Breda, Netherlands on 31 January 2019, aged 77.


title: Lori Wilson

paragraphs: Lori Wilson (February 15, 1937 – January 30, 2019) was an American lawyer and politician. She was born in Waynesville, North Carolina. She was an Independent. Wilson was on the Florida Senate from 1973 to 1978.

paragraphs: Wilson died at her daughter's Indian Harbour Beach, Florida home on January 30, 2019 from complications of dementia, aged 81.


title: Waynesville, North Carolina

paragraphs: Waynesville is a town in and the county seat of Haywood County, North Carolina, United States. It is the largest town in Haywood County and the largest in western North Carolina west of Asheville. Waynesville. As of the 2010 census, Waynesville had a population of 9,869.


title: Jeremy Hardy

paragraphs: Jeremy James Hardy (17 July 1961 – 1 February 2019) was a British comedian. He was best known for his appearances on radio panel shows such as the "News Quiz" and "I'm Sorry I Haven't a Clue".

paragraphs: Hardy was a committed socialist, and a supporter of the Labour Party. He performed at Labour Party rallies and Labour leader Jeremy Corbyn called him a "dear, lifelong friend".

paragraphs: Hardy died of cancer on 1 February 2019, at the age of 57.


title: Ursula Karusseit

paragraphs: Ursula Karusseit (2 August 1939 – 1 February 2019) was a German actress. She was born in Elbing, West Prussia, Nazi Germany. Karusseit was known for her roles in "Ways across the Country" and in "KLK Calling PTZ – The Red Orchestra".

paragraphs: Karusseit died of heart disease in Berlin on 1 February 2019, aged 79.


title: Clive Swift

paragraphs: Clive Walter Swift (9 February 1936 – 1 February 2019) was an English actor and songwriter. He was best known for his roles as Richard Bucket in the British television series "Keeping Up Appearances" and as Roy in the British television series "The Old Guys". Swift was born in Liverpool. He was married to journalist Margaret Drabble from 1960 to 1975 when they divorced.

paragraphs: Swift died at home in London from respiratory failure on 1 February 2019, aged 82.


title: Walter James Edyvean

paragraphs: Walter James Edyvean (October 18, 1938 – February 2, 2019) was an American prelate of the Roman Catholic Church. He was an auxiliary bishop of the Archdiocese of Boston from 2001 to 2014. He was born in Medford, Massachusetts.

paragraphs: Edyvean died on February 2, 2019 in Boston, aged 80.


title: Justin Fairfax

paragraphs: Justin Edward Fairfax (born February 17, 1979) is an American attorney and politician. He is the current Lieutenant Governor of Virginia since 2018. He is a member of the Democratic Party, he beat Republican nominee Jill Vogel in the 2017 election.

paragraphs: Fairfax is the second African American elected statewide, following Douglas Wilder, who was elected to the same position in 1985 and became Virginia Governor in the 1989.

paragraphs: In early February 2019, Big League Politics reported that Fairfax had been accused by Vanessa C. Tyson, an associate professor at Scripps College and fellow at Stanford University, of sexual assault at a hotel at the 2004 Democratic National Convention in Boston.

paragraphs: In September 2020, Fairfax announced his candidacy for Governor of Virginia.


title: Bernard Lietaer

paragraphs: Bernard Lietaer (1942 – 4 February 2019) was a Belgian civil engineer, economist, author and professor. He studied monetary systems and promoted the idea that communities can benefit from creating their own local or complementary currency. He was born in Lauwe, Belgium. Lietaer was known for his books "" and "New Money for a New World".

paragraphs: Lietaer died on 4 February 2019 at the age of 76.


title: Detsl

paragraphs: Kirill Aleksandrovich Tolmatsky (; 22 July 1983 – 3 February 2019), better known by his stage name Detsl (Russian: Децл), was a Russian hip hop artist. In 2000, he released his debut album "Who? You" to massive success and quickly became a teen idol of the early 2000s in Russia. In 2001, his second album "Street Fighter" was released.

paragraphs: He died on 3 February 2019 in Izhevsk at the age of 35 from a sudden heart attack after performing his live set at the private birthday party. In a 2007 interview, Detsl talked about faking his own death at the exact same age while performing at a concert in the same city he would actually die in.


title: Bob Friend

paragraphs: Robert Bartmess Friend (November 24, 1930 – February 3, 2019) was an American right-handed starting pitcher in Major League Baseball. He pitched mainly for the Pittsburgh Pirates from 1951 to 1965. He also played for the New York Yankees and New York Mets in his final season of 1966. He is the first man ever to have led the league in ERA while pitching for a last place team.

paragraphs: Friend was born in Lafayette, Indiana. He studied at Purdue University. Friend died suddenly in his sleep at his home in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania on February 3, 2019 from cardiac arrest at the age of 88.


title: Salesforce Tower

paragraphs: Salesforce Tower, formerly known as the Transbay Tower, is a office skyscraper in the South of Market district of downtown San Francisco. The building has a mix of office, transportation, retail, and residential uses.

paragraphs: Upon its completion in 2018 it became the tallest skyscraper in the San Francisco skyline, with a top roof height of and overall height of , surpassing the Transamerica Pyramid. It is also the second-tallest building west of the Mississippi River after the Wilshire Grand in Los Angeles.

paragraphs: On April 10, 2019, the Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat (CTBUH) named Salesforce Tower as the "Best Tall Building in the World" for the year 2019. It was celebrated at the Grand Hyatt Shenzhen, China.


title: Wilshire Grand Center

paragraphs: Wilshire Grand Center is a skyscraper in the Financial District of Downtown Los Angeles, California. It is the tallest building in Los Angeles, the tallest building in California, the tallest building west of the Mississippi River and outside of New York City, Chicago, and Philadelphia, and the 11th tallest building in the United States.

paragraphs: It is taller than the U.S. Bank Tower by . The building is part of a mixed-use hotel, retail, observation decks, shopping mall, and office complex, expected to revitalize downtown Los Angeles and the area surrounding the building. The development of the complex is estimated to cost $1.2 billion.


title: Carmen Duncan

paragraphs: Carmen Joan Duncan (7 July 1942 – 3 February 2019) was an Australian actress and activist. She was nominated for the AFI Award for Best Actress for the 1980 movie "Harlequin". She was also known for the movie "Don't Let It Get You".

paragraphs: Her other movie appearances include "Touch and Go" (1980) and "Turkey Shoot" (1982). She played Iris Wheeler on the American soap opera "Another World" from 1988 to 1994.

paragraphs: Duncan died on 3 February 2019 from cancer in Sydney, aged 76.


title: Ransom County, North Dakota

paragraphs: Ransom County is a county located in the U.S. state of North Dakota. As of the 2010 census, 5,457 people lived there. The county seat is Lisbon.


title: Beeville, Texas

paragraphs: Beeville is a city in the U.S. state of Texas. It is the county seat of Bee County.


title: Judy Cornwell

paragraphs: Judy Valerie Cornwell (born 22 February 1940) is an English actress.

paragraphs: Cornwell is best known for her role as Daisy in the British sitcom "Keeping Up Appearances". She played Anya Claus in the 1985 movie "".


title: Santa Claus: The Movie

paragraphs: Santa Claus: The Movie is a 1985 British-American Christmas movie starring Dudley Moore, John Lithgow and David Huddleston. The movie was directed by Jeannot Szwarc. It was released in North America on November 27, 1985, by TriStar Pictures.


title: Josephine Tewson

paragraphs: Josephine Ann Tewson (born 26 February 1931) is an English actress. She is best known for her roles in the British sitcoms "Keeping Up Appearances" and "Last of the Summer Wine".


title: Martyrs (movie)

paragraphs: Martyrs is a 2008 French psychological horror movie. It was first shown at 2008 Cannes Film Festival at the Marché du Film. It was released theatrically in France on 3 September 2008.

paragraphs: The movie was controversial upon its release. It was associated with the New French Extremity movement.

paragraphs: In 1971, a young girl, Lucie Jurin, escapes from a disused slaughterhouse. She's been imprisoned and abused there for over a year. The criminals and their motivations remain a mystery. Lucie is placed in an orphanage. She becomes friends there with a young girl named Anna Assaoui. Anna quickly discovers Lucie believes she is being constantly terrorized by a ghoulish creature. Anna comforts Lucie every time she has a nightmare.

paragraphs: Fifteen years later, in 1986, Lucie bursts into a home of a "normal" family, the Belfonds. The Belfonds are Gabrielle, her husband and children Antoine and Marie. Lucie kills them all with a shotgun. Anna waits for Lucie elsewhere. Anna knows Lucie believes the Belfonds were the people responsible for her childhood abuse. But at the same time, Anna is horrified when Lucie tells her she's killed them.

paragraphs: When they get to the house, Anna discovers Gabrielle is still alive. Anna tries to help her escape. However, Lucie beats Gabrielle to death. Lucie realizes that her insanity will not leave her. She commits suicide.

paragraphs: The next day, Anna is still at the family's house. She calls her mother by telephone. She has been estranged from her mother. In their conversation, it becomes evident that Anna was abused by her parents as a child. Suddenly, Anna hears some noises. She finds a secret underground chamber in the living room. In the chamber is a horribly tortured young woman named Sarah. Sarah proves that Lucie was right about the family. Anna helps Sarah escape. A group of strangers, however, kill Sarah with guns. Anna is captured. She meets the strangers' leader, an elderly lady named Mademoiselle.

paragraphs: Anna becomes the group's latest subject. She goes through a period of being beaten and degraded. She hallucinates a conversation with Lucie. Anna is later told she has progressed further than any other test subject. She has reached the "final stage." She is skinned alive. She survives the procedure.

paragraphs: "Martyrs" was categorized as a new example of new era French horror movies in terms of violence that it shows. The movie-ranking website Rotten Tomatoes said %53 of critics had given the movie positive reviews.

paragraphs: French Commission de Classification des Oeuvres Cinématographiques rated the movie 18+ (not suitable for children under 18). The movie's producers appealed. Martyrs' rating was later changed to 16+.


title: Raphine, Virginia

paragraphs: Raphine is an unincorporated community in Rockbridge County in the Shenandoah Valley in the U.S. state of Virginia.

paragraphs: The name "Raphine" came from an old Greek word "raphis", meaning "to sew." It was chosen in honor of James Edward Allen Gibbs (1829-1902). American inventor and industrialist Cyrus McCormick lived here before moving to Chicago.

paragraphs: In addition to Walnut Grove, the Kennedy-Lunsford Farm and Kennedy-Wade Mill are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.


title: Jüri Pihl

paragraphs: Jüri Pihl (17 March 1954 – 3 February 2019) was an Estonian politician. He was a member of the Social Democratic Party.

paragraphs: From 1993 to 2003 he was the General Director of Kaitsepolitsei. From 5 April 2007 to 21 May 2009 he was the Minister of the Interior in the second cabinet of Prime Minister Andrus Ansip.

paragraphs: Pihl died on 3 February 2019 at the age of 64.


title: Kristoff St. John

paragraphs: Kristoff St. John (July 15, 1966 – February 3, 2019) was an American actor. From 1991 to 2019, he played the role of Neil Winters on "The Young and the Restless". He was nominated for eleven Daytime Emmy Award nominations, two Emmy Awards, and ten NAACP Image Awards for the role. He was born in New York City.

paragraphs: St. John was found dead in his Los Angeles, California home on February 3, 2019, aged 52. On March 19, 2019, it was announced that his death had been ruled accidental, with the cause listed as heart failure.


title: Joe P. Tolson

paragraphs: Joe Pat Tolson (April 15, 1941 – February 3, 2019) was an American Democratic politician. He was a member of the North Carolina House of Representatives from 1997 to 2014. Tolson was born in Pinetops, North Carolina.

paragraphs: Tolson died on February 3, 2019 from respiratory failure at a hospital in Tarboro, North Carolina, aged 77.


title: Pinetops, North Carolina

paragraphs: Pinetops is a town in Edgecombe County, North Carolina, United States. It is part of the Rocky Mount, North Carolina Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 1,374 at the 2010 census. Pinetops is located at (35.790821, -77.638807).


title: Tarboro, North Carolina

paragraphs: Tarboro is a town located in Edgecombe County, North Carolina, United States. It is part of the Rocky Mount Metropolitan Statistical Area. As of the 2010 census, the town had a population of 11,415. It is the county seat of Edgecombe County.


title: Edgecombe County, North Carolina

paragraphs: Edgecombe County is a county located in the U.S. state of North Carolina. As of the 2010 Census, the population was 56,552. Its county seat is Tarboro.

paragraphs: Edgecombe County is part of the Rocky Mount, North Carolina Metropolitan Statistical Area.


title: Rocky Mount, North Carolina

paragraphs: Rocky Mount is a city in Edgecombe and Nash counties in the Atlantic coastal plain region of the U.S. state of North Carolina. The city's population was 57,685 at the 2010 census.

paragraphs: Rocky Mount has received the All-America City Award from the National Civic League two times, in 1969 and 1999.


title: Isacio Calleja

paragraphs: Isacio Calleja García (6 December 1936 – 4 February 2019) was a Spanish footballer. He was born in Valle de Cerrato, Spain. He played as a defender. Calleja played for Atlético Madrid from 1958 to 1972 and for the national team from 1961 to 1972.

paragraphs: Calleja died in Madrid on 4 February 2019 at the age of 82.


title: Chomsky hierarchy

paragraphs: The Chomsky hierarchy is a concept of theoretical computer science. Noam Chomsky looked at grammars of regular language and classified them into four levels, numbered 0 to 3.

paragraphs: Group 0 consists of regular expressions without restriction, while groups 1 to 3 contain restrictions. Grammars in higher-numbered levels also satisfy the constraints of all levels below them. The concept was developed in the 1950s.


title: Leonie Ossowski

paragraphs: Leonie Ossowski was the pen name of Jolanthe von Brandenstein (15 August 1925 – 4 February 2019), a German writer. She wrote under the name Jo Tiedemann. She wrote scripts for DEFA: "Zwei Mütter" ("Two mothers") and "Stern ohne Himmel" ("Stars without Sky"). She has lived in Berlin from 1980 until her death. Her 1977 novel "Die große Flatter" ("The big flutter") was also made into a movie.


title: Frederick Terman

paragraphs: Frederick Emmons Terman (; June 7, 1900 – December 19, 1982) was an American professor. He and William Shockley helped to create Silicon Valley.


title: Jeffrey Kramer

paragraphs: Jeffrey Kramer (born July 15, 1945) is an American movie and television actor. He is best known for roles in "Jaws", "Halloween II" and "".


title: David Griffin

paragraphs: David Griffin (born 19 July 1943) is an English actor. He is best known for his roles in the British sitcoms "Hi-de-Hi!" and "Keeping Up Appearances."


title: Aztec Ruins National Monument

paragraphs: The Aztec Ruins National Monument preserves ancestral Puebloan structures in the northwestern part of the U.S. state of New Mexico. This national monument is close to both the town of Aztec and the Animas River. It is about 12 miles (19 km) northeast of Farmington, New Mexico. The Salmon Ruins and Heritage Park, which also has Puebloan structures, is about 9.5 miles (15.3 km) south of the monument.

paragraphs: The Aztec ruins date from the 11th to the 13th centuries. American settlers in the 19th century named them the "Aztec ruins" because they thought that the Aztec civilization built them.


title: Flag of Anguilla

paragraphs: The national flag of Anguilla, a British overseas territory, consists of a Blue Ensign with the British flag in the canton, charged with the coat of arms of Anguilla in the fly. The coat of arms consists of three dolphins, which were featured on the earlier Anguillan flag, and which stand for friendship, wisdom and strength.


title: Renville County, North Dakota

paragraphs: Renville County is a county located in the U.S. state of North Dakota. As of the 2010 census, 2,470 people lived there. The county seat is Mohall.


title: Renville County

paragraphs: Renville County is the name of two counties in the United States:


title: Ramsey County

paragraphs: There are two counties in the United States named Ramsey County:


title: Letona, Arkansas

paragraphs: Letona is a town in the US state of Arkansas.


title: Richland County, North Dakota

paragraphs: Richland County is a county located in the U.S. state of North Dakota. As of the 2010 census, 16,321 people lived there. The county seat is Wahpeton.


title: Doug Supernaw

paragraphs: Douglas Anderson Supernaw (born September 26, 1960) is an American country music singer-songwriter and guitarist. He signed with BNA Records in 1993. Supernaw was born in Bryan, Texas.

paragraphs: Supernaw has released four studio albums: "Red and Rio Grande" (1993), "Deep Thoughts from a Shallow Mind" (1994), "You Still Got Me" (1995), and "Fadin' Renegade" (1999), as well as two compilation albums, 1997's "The Encore Collection", and 2017's "Greatest Hits".

paragraphs: Between 1993 and 1996, he charted eleven singles on the "Billboard" Hot Country Singles & Tracks (now Hot Country Songs) charts, including "I Don't Call Him Daddy", a Number One single in late 1993.

paragraphs: Supernaw announced on February 4, 2019 that he had been diagnosed with stage IV lung and bladder cancer.


title: Bryan, Texas

paragraphs: Bryan is a city in Brazos County, Texas, United States. As of the 2010 census, the city had a population of 76,201.


title: Sam Lloyd

paragraphs: Samuel R. Lloyd IV (November 12, 1963 – April 30, 2020) was an American actor and a capella singer. He was best known for his roles as lawyer Ted Buckland on the American comedy-drama "Scrubs" and as Albert Goldfine in "Desperate Housewives". Lloyd was born in Weston, Vermont. His uncle is actor Christopher Lloyd.

paragraphs: In February 2019, Lloyd was diagnosed with terminal brain cancer, which spread to his lungs, liver, jaw and spine. He died of the disease on April 30, 2020 in Los Angeles at the age of 56.


title: Weston, Vermont

paragraphs: Weston is a town in Windsor County, Vermont, United States. The population was 566 at the 2010 census.


title: Carol Emshwiller

paragraphs: Carol Emshwiller (April 12, 1921 – February 2, 2019) was an American writer. She was known for her avant garde short stories and science fiction novels. She won the Nebula Award and the Philip K. Dick Award. Emshwiller was born in Ann Arbor, Michigan. Her best known novel was "The Mount".

paragraphs: Emshwiller died on February 2, 2019 at her daughter's home in Durham, North Carolina, aged 97.


title: Izzy Young

paragraphs: Israel Goodman Young or Izzy Young (26 March 1928 – 4 February 2019) was an American-Swedish folklorist, businessman, columnist and writer. He was known in the world of folk music. He was the former owner of the Folklore Center in Greenwich Village, New York. He owned and operated the Folklore Centrum store in Stockholm.

paragraphs: Bob Dylan relates in his memoirs, "", how he spent time at the Center, where Young allowed him to sit in the backroom of the store, listening to folk music records and reading books.

paragraphs: Young was born in New York City. He died on 4 February 2019 in Stockholm at the age of 90.


title: Marla Sokoloff

paragraphs: Marla Lynne Sokoloff (born December 19, 1980) is an American actress. She is known for playing the part of Lucy Hatcher on the television show "The Practice", Wilima in the film "Dude, Where's My Car?", Jody Lynch in "Party of Five", and Gia Mahan on the ABC sitcom "Full House" and "Fuller House."


title: Broad Peak

paragraphs: Broad Peak (Urdu: بروڈ پیک) is the 12th highest mountain on Earth. Broad Peak is on the border of Pakistan and China.

paragraphs: Its name refers to its summit, which is over 1.5 kilometres (0.93mi) long. Broad Peak is located in the Karakoram mountain range, and is only roughly 5 miles away from K2. It is 8,047 metres (26,401 ft) above sea level and has many summits. There is debate on whether or not Broad Peak has one or two 8,000 metres summits. Broad Peak is considered one of the easier of the Eight-thousanders, the group of mountains that are more than 8,000 metres in height above sea level.

paragraphs: The first ascent of Broad Peak was made between June 8 and 9, 1957 by Fritz Wintersteller, Marcus Schmuck, Kurt Diemberger, and Hermann Buhl of an Austrian expedition led by Marcus Schmuck. This expedition was done without the use of supplemental oxygen, which help climbers breath at high altitudes. Thomas George Montgomery, a British surveyor, named the mountain K3 in 1856 and Martin Conway gave it the name Broad Peak for its mile long summit ridge in 1892.


paragraphs: The Amy Klobuchar 2020 presidential campaign was announced on February 10, 2019. Before her announcement, Amy Klobuchar, who represents Minnesota in the United States Senate, had already been widely seen to be in the process of preparing to run for President of the United States.

paragraphs: Klobuchar was described by "The New York Times" in 2008 and "The New Yorker" in 2016 as one of the women most likely to become the first female President of the United States.

paragraphs: On February 5, 2019, Klobuchar announced she would make a "major announcement" on February 10 about a presidential bid. Klobuchar held a campaign announcement rally in at Boom Island Park in Minneapolis on February 10.

paragraphs: Klobuchar's allegedly harsh treatment of her Senate staff received some coverage before her announcement.

paragraphs: Klobuchar ended her campaign on March 2, 2020 a day before Super Tuesday due to low polling numbers and loosing the first four contests.


title: Kurt Diemberger

paragraphs: Kurt Diemberger (born 16 March 1932) is an Austrian mountaineer and author. He is the only living person who has made the first ascents on two mountains over 8,000 metres: of Broad Peak in 1957 and of Dhaulagiri in 1960. He was born in Vienna. He suffered from frostbite during the descent of Karakoram and had to have amputations.


title: Tibor Baranski

paragraphs: Tibor Baranski (; June 11, 1922 — January 20, 2019) was a Hungarian-American activist and educator. He was known for saving more than 3,000 Hungarian Jewish women, men and children from the Nazis during the Holocaust.

paragraphs: Baranski was arrested by the Soviets on December 30, 1944 and sent on a 16 day, forced march towards a Soviet prison. He was released after Joseph Stalin's death in 1953. He left Hungary during the 1956.

paragraphs: On January 11, 1979, Baránszki was recognized as one of the Righteous Among the Nations by Yad Vashem. He was a member of the U.S. Holocaust Memorial Council.


title: Thurston County, Washington

paragraphs: Thurston County is a county located in the U.S. state of Washington. As of the 2010 census, its population was 252,264. The county seat and largest city is Olympia, the state capital.


title: Nayib Bukele

paragraphs: Nayib Armando Bukele Ortez (born 24 July 1981) is a Salvadoran politician and businessman. He is the 46th and current President of El Salvador since 1 June 2019. He won the 2019 election. Bukele ran as the candidate of the centre-right GANA party.

paragraphs: He was elected Mayor of Nuevo Cuscatlán on 11 March 2012. He was also elected mayor of San Salvador on 1 March 2015, and took office on 1 May 2015.


title: Sandrine Doucet

paragraphs: Sandrine Doucet (10 September 1959 – 4 February 2019) was a French politician. She was a member of the Socialist Party. Doucet was a Deputy between 2012 and 2017 representing Gironde's 1st constituency. Doucet did not seek re-election in 2017.

paragraphs: Doucet died of cancer at age 59 on 4 February 2019.


title: Václav Vorlíček

paragraphs: Václav Vorlíček (3 June 1930 – 5 February 2019) was a Czech movie director. He was born in Prague. His best known works were "Who Wants to Kill Jessie?", "The End of Agent W4C" and "The Girl on the Broomstick". His career began in 1953. He worked with screenwriter Miloš Macourek many times. He directed several children's and fairytale movies.

paragraphs: Vorlíček died on 5 February 2019 at a hospital in Prague from lung cancer, aged 88.


title: Todor Kavaldzhiev

paragraphs: Todor Kavaldzhiev (; 26 January 1934 – 6 February 2019) was a Bulgarian military official, activist and politician. He was the Vice President of Bulgaria from 1997 until 2002 serving alongside President Petar Stoyanov.

paragraphs: Kavaldzhiev died on 6 February 2019 in Sofia, Bulgaria, aged 85.


title: Petar Stoyanov

paragraphs: Petar Stefanov Stoyanov (; born 25 May 1952) is a Bulgarian politician who was President of Bulgaria from 1997 to 2002. He was elected as a candidate of the Union of Democratic Forces (UDF).


title: Petar Mladenov

paragraphs: Petër Tošev Mladenov (; 22 August 1936 – 31 May 2000) was a Bulgarian communist diplomat and politician. He was the last leader of the Bulgarian People's Republic from 1989 to 1990 and briefly the first President of the Republic of Bulgaria in 1990.


title: President of Bulgaria

paragraphs: The President of the Republic of Bulgaria is the head of state of Bulgaria and the commander-in-chief of the Military of Bulgaria. The official residence of the President is at Boyana Residence, Sofia.

paragraphs: There are three living former Bulgarian Presidents:


title: Georgi Parvanov

paragraphs: Georgi Sedefchov Parvanov (, ) (born 28 June 1957) is a Bulgarian historian and politician. He was President of Bulgaria from 2002 to 2012. He was elected after beating incumbent Petar Stoyanov in the second round of the November 2001 presidential election.

paragraphs: He took office on 22 January 2002. He was reelected in a landslide victory in 2006, becoming the first Bulgarian president to serve two terms. Parvanov supported of Bulgaria's entry into NATO and the European Union.


title: Rumen Radev

paragraphs: Rumen Georgiev Radev (; born 18 June 1963) is a Bulgarian politician and former Major General. He is the 6th and current President of Bulgaria since January 22, 2017. He was Commander of the Bulgarian Air Force.


title: Prime Minister of Bulgaria

paragraphs: The Prime Minister of Bulgaria () is the head of government of Bulgaria. He or she is the leader of a political coalition in the Bulgarian parliament. They are also known as the National Assembly of Bulgaria () – and the leader of the cabinet.

paragraphs: The current Prime Minister is Boyko Borisov.


title: Georgi Atanasov (politician)

paragraphs: Georgi Ivanov Atanasov (Bulgarian: Георги Иванов Атанасов) (born 25 July 1933) is a Bulgarian politician and military official. He was a leading member of the Bulgarian Communist Party. He was Prime Minister from 1986 to 1990. Atanasov supported the move to oust Todor Zhivkov as Chairman of the State Council.


title: Rolette County, North Dakota

paragraphs: Rolette County is a county located in the U.S. state of North Dakota. As of the 2010 census, 13,937 people lived there. The county seat is Rolla.


title: President of Hungary

paragraphs: The President of the Republic of Hungary (, "államelnök", or "államfő") is the head of state of Hungary. The office has a largely ceremonial (figurehead) role. The president may also veto legislation or send legislation to the Constitutional Court for review.

paragraphs: Most other executive powers, such as selecting Government ministers and leading legislative initiatives, are given in the office of the Prime Minister instead.

paragraphs: The current President of the Republic is János Áder, who took office on 10 May 2012.

paragraphs: There are three living former Hungarian presidents:


title: Traill County, North Dakota

paragraphs: Traill County is a county located in the U.S. state of North Dakota. As of the 2010 census, 8,121 people lived there. The county seat is Hillsboro. More people live in Mayville than live in any other city in the county.


title: Mátyás Szűrös

paragraphs: Mátyás Szűrös (; born 11 September 1933) is a Hungarian politician. He was provisional President of the Republic from 23 October 1989 to 2 May 1990. His presidency occurred during Hungary's transition from Communism to democratic government.


title: Walsh County, North Dakota

paragraphs: Walsh County is a county located in the U.S. state of North Dakota. As of the 2010 census, 11,119 people lived there. The county seat is Grafton.


title: Ferenc Mádl

paragraphs: Ferenc Mádl (; 29 January 1931 – 29 May 2011) was a Hungarian legal scholar, professor and politician. He was the second President of the third Republic of Hungary between 4 August 2000 and 5 August 2005.

paragraphs: He was Minister of Education between 1993 and 1994 in the conservative cabinets of József Antall and Péter Boross. Mádl ran unsuccessfully for the position of President of Hungary in 1995, loosing to Árpád Göncz. Five years later he was elected President.


title: Sioux County, North Dakota

paragraphs: Sioux County is a county found in the U.S. state of North Dakota. As of the 2010 census, 4,153 people lived there. The county seat is Fort Yates.


title: László Sólyom

paragraphs: László Sólyom (, ; born 3 January 1942) is a Hungarian politician, lawyer, and librarian. He was the President of Hungary from 2005 until 2010.


title: Sargent County, North Dakota

paragraphs: Sargent County is a county located in the U.S. state of North Dakota. As of the 2010 census, there were 3,829 people living there. The county seat is Forman.


title: Pál Schmitt

paragraphs: Pál Schmitt (; born 1942) is a Hungarian Olympic fencer and politician. He was President of Hungary from 2010 to 2012.

paragraphs: Schmitt was a fencer and won two gold medals at the Summer Olympics. Schmitt was elected as President of Hungary in a 263 to 59 vote in the Parliament of Hungary in 2010. He was sworn in as President on 2010.

paragraphs: On 2 April 2012, Schmitt announced to the Hungarian Parliament his resignation as President, following the outbreak of a controversy surrounding his 1992 doctoral dissertation.


title: Sheridan County, North Dakota

paragraphs: Sheridan County is a county located in the U.S. state of North Dakota. As of the 2010 census, 1,321 people lived there. The county seat is McClusky.


title: László Kövér

paragraphs: László Kövér (; born 29 December 1959) is a Hungarian politician. He is the current Speaker of the National Assembly of Hungary. He was the acting President of Hungary from 2 April 2012 to 10 May 2012, after the resignation of Pál Schmitt.


title: Steele County, North Dakota

paragraphs: Steele County is a county located in the U.S. state of North Dakota. As of the 2010 census, 1,975 people lived there. The county was founded in 1883 and named for businessman Edward H. Steele. The county seat is Finley.


title: Towner County, North Dakota

paragraphs: Towner County is a county in North Dakota in the United States. As of the 2010 census, 2,246 people lived there. The county seat is Cando.


title: Wells County, North Dakota

paragraphs: Wells County is a county located in the U.S. state of North Dakota. As of the 2010 census, 4,207 people lived there. The county seat is Fessenden.


title: Prime Minister of Hungary

paragraphs: The Prime Minister of Hungary () is the head of government in Hungary. The Prime Minister and the Cabinet are responsible for their policies and actions to the Parliament.

paragraphs: The current holder of the office is Pál Teleki, leader of the Fidesz – Hungarian Civic Alliance, who has served since 29 May 2010.


title: Rainer Stadelmann

paragraphs: Rainer Stadelmann (24 October 1933 – 14 January 2019) was a German Egyptologist. He was considered an expert on the archaeology of the Giza Plateau. He was born in Oettingen, Bavaria, Germany.

paragraphs: Stadelmann died on 14 January 2019 at the age of 85.


title: Rudi Assauer

paragraphs: Rudolf "Rudi" Assauer (30 April 1944 – 6 February 2019) was a German football manager and player. His nicknames were "Stumpen-Rudi", or "Cheroot Rudi".

paragraphs: Assauer played for Borussia Dortmund from 1964 to 1970 and for Werder Bremen from 1970 to 1976. He managed Werder Bremen from 1978 to 1979 and again in 1980. He also managed Schalke 04 in 1981.

paragraphs: In January 2012, aged 67, Assauer was diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease. He died from complications of the disease at his home in Gelsenkirchen, North Rhine-Westphalia on 6 February 2019 at the age of 74.


title: Sulzbach, Saarland

paragraphs: Sulzbach is a town and a city in the district of Saarbrücken, in Saarland, Germany. It has a population of 16,215 (as of Dec 2015). It is located northeast of Saarbrücken.


title: Sindelfingen

paragraphs: Sindelfingen is an German town in Baden-Württemberg, near Stuttgart. As of 31 December 2017, the town has about 64,500 people lived there.


title: Bardonnex

paragraphs: Bardonnex is a municipality in the canton of Geneva in Switzerland.


title: Howie Hawkins

paragraphs: Howie Hawkins (born December 8, 1952) is an American politician, perennial candidate and political activist. He is a member of the Green Party of the United States. He is a co-founder of the party.

paragraphs: Hawkins was New York's Green Party candidate for the U.S. Senate in 2006. In 2010, Hawkins ran as the Green Party's candidate for Governor of New York. In 2014, Hawkins ran again for campaign for Governor of New York. Hawkins ran for Governor of New York in 2018 as well.

paragraphs: On April 3, 2019, Hawkins created an exploratory committee for a possible presidential bid for the 2020 election. On May 28, 2019, Hawkins formally launched his campaign. In June 2020, he became the presumptive nominee for the Green Party nomination.


title: Yechiel Eckstein

paragraphs: Rabbi Yechiel Eckstein (July 11, 1951 – February 6, 2019) was an American-Israeli rabbi and philanthropist. He was born in Manhattan, New York but was raised in Ottawa, Canada. He was known as the founder and president of the International Fellowship of Christians and Jews, which is headquartered in Chicago and Jerusalem.

paragraphs: Eckstein held dual citizenship in the U.S. and Israel, having become an Israeli citizen in 2002.

paragraphs: Eckstein lived in Chicago and in Jerusalem. He died of a heart attack in Jerusalem on February 6, 2019, aged 67.


title: The Cooler

paragraphs: The Cooler is an American 2003 romantic-drama movie. Its director is Wayne Kramer. In old-school gambling, a "cooler" is an unlucky individual, usually a casino employee.

paragraphs: Unlucky Bernie Lootz doesn't have much good going for him. He lives in a dreary place: a studio apartment in a run-down motel next to the Las Vegas Strip. He cannot recall the last time he had physical contact with a woman. He's in debt to Shangri-La casino boss Shelly Kaplow. Kaplow cured Lootz' habit by breaking his kneecap. Kaplow had also paid Lootz' casino debts. Lootz' debt is nearly paid off.

paragraphs: Lootz is not satisfied with the casino business. He tells Kaplow he is leaving Las Vegas soon. But his future success as a luck "cooler" is changed when he meets cocktail waitress Natalie Belisario. She becomes interested in him. Lootz' luck. His luck, and the luck of those around him, take turns for the better.

paragraphs: What Lootz doesn't know yet is that Shelly may have paid Natalie to seduce him into staying and working for Shangri-La. What Shelly doesn't know is Natalie has fallen in love with Lootz, and vice versa.

paragraphs: Other complications hit when Shelly, a relative old-timer, resists efforts from new Shangri-La owner advisers who want to update the casino hotel property and bring the hotel into the 21st century.

paragraphs: The movie was first shown at Sundance Film Festival. "The Cooler" was also shown at the Cannes Film Festival, Karlovy Vary International Film Festival, Toronto International Film Festival and the Deauville Film Festival. It later went into limited release in the United States. During the limited release, it was shown mainly in Reno, Nevada.

paragraphs: "The Cooler" got generally positive reviews from movie critics. The movie review website Rotten Tomatoes gave the movie a %77 "Certified Fresh" rating based on 171 reviews. On the Metacritic, the movie is rated 69/100 based on 36 reviews, meaning "generally positive reviews."

paragraphs: Roger Ebert gave "The Cooler" a positive review. Ebert and movie critic Richard Roeper gave the movie two thumbs up.

paragraphs: Movie critic Peter Travers gave "The Cooler" three-and-a-half stars.

paragraphs: Motion Picture Association of America (MPAA) gave the movie an NC-17 rating for a scene in which the pubic hair of Maria Bello was shown during a sex scene. An edited R-rated version was shown in theaters. A director's cut was broadcast by Cinemax and Independent Film Channel.


title: Susan Bayh

paragraphs: Susan Breshears Bayh (born November 28, 1959) is an American lawyer. She is known as the wife of Evan Bayh, former Democratic Governor of Indiana (1989–1997) and United States Senator (1999–2011).

paragraphs: Bayh began her careers in law and business with Gibson, Dunn, & Crutcher; and later for the Indiana firm of Barnes & Thornburg. In 1989, she joined Eli Lilly and Company. In 1994, she left the employ of Eli Lilly and taught at Butler University’s College of Business Administration.

paragraphs: In May 2018, Bayh had surgery to remove a malignant glioblastoma tumor.


title: Rockport, Texas

paragraphs: Rockport is a city in the U.S. state of Texas.


title: Bellville, Texas

paragraphs: Bellville is a city in the U.S. state of Texas.


title: Claude, Texas

paragraphs: Claude is a city in the U.S. state of Texas.


title: Seymour, Texas

paragraphs: Seymour is a city in the U.S. state of Texas.


title: Gail, Texas

paragraphs: Gail is a city in the U.S. state of Texas.


title: Linden, Texas

paragraphs: Linden is a city in the U.S. state of Texas.


title: Rusk, Texas

paragraphs: Rusk is a city in the U.S. state of Texas.


title: Coleman, Texas

paragraphs: Coleman is a city in the U.S. state of Texas.


title: Crane, Texas

paragraphs: Crane is a city in the U.S. state of Texas.


title: Bonham, Texas

paragraphs: Bonham is a city in the U.S. state of Texas.


title: Roby, Texas

paragraphs: Roby is a city in the U.S. state of Texas.


title: Edinburg, Texas

paragraphs: Edinburg is a city in the U.S. state of Texas.


title: Jasper, Texas

paragraphs: Jasper is a city in the U.S. state of Texas.


title: Edna, Texas

paragraphs: Edna is a city in the U.S. state of Texas.


title: Llano, Texas

paragraphs: Llano is a city in the U.S. state of Texas.


title: Brady, Texas

paragraphs: Brady is a city in the U.S. state of Texas.


title: Boston, Texas

paragraphs: Boston is an unincorporated community in the U.S. state of Texas.


title: Chris Duncan

paragraphs: Christopher Edwin Duncan (May 5, 1981 – September 6, 2019) was an American Major League Baseball left fielder and first baseman and radio personality. Duncan was born in Tucson, Arizona. He played for the St. Louis Cardinals from 2005 to 2009. Duncan worked for ESPN Radio until 2019.

paragraphs: On January 9, 2019 it was announced that Duncan was retiring after being diagnosed with glioblastoma. He died eight months later on September 6 in Tuscon at the age of 38.


title: Cabaret (1972 movie)

paragraphs: Cabaret is an American musical movie. It was directed by Bob Fosse. The movie was released in 1972.


title: Majungasaurus

paragraphs: Majungasaurus (; meaning "Mahajanga lizard") is a medium-sized theropod from Madagascar in the Late Cretaceous Period. It is related to the more famous "Carnotaurus".


title: War of the Austrian Succession

paragraphs: The War of the Austrian Succession (1740–1748) involved most of the countries in Europe. It was about Archduchess Maria Theresa's succession to the Habsburg Monarchy. The war included other events such as King George's War in British America, the War of Jenkins' Ear (which formally began on 23 October 1739), the First Carnatic War in India, the Jacobite rising of 1745 in Scotland, and the First and Second Silesian Wars.

paragraphs: Maria Theresa was not allowed to succeed to her father Charles VI's various crowns, because Salic law would not let a woman inherit the crown. This gave an opportunity for France and Prussia, joined by Bavaria, to challenge Habsburg power. Maria Theresa was supported by Britain, the Dutch Republic, Sardinia and Saxony.

paragraphs: Spain had been at war with Britain over colonies and trade since 1739. It joined the war to re-establish its influence in northern Italy. The Austrians had taken control of northern Italy, as a consequence of Spain's war of succession earlier in the 18th century.

paragraphs: The war ended with the Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle in 1748. Maria Theresa was confirmed as Archduchess of Austria and Queen of Hungary, but Prussia kept control of Silesia. The peace did not last, however, when Austria's desire to recapture Silesia and the political upheaval in Europe, ended with the Seven Years' War (1756–1763).


title: Magnetic permeability

paragraphs: Magnetic permeability is a way to explain how easy or hard it is for a substance to support a magnetic field. It is usually represented in science by the Greek letter "µ".


title: Qutub Minar

paragraphs: Qutub Minar () is a minaret. It forms a part of the Qutab complex. This is a UNESCO World Heritage Site in Mehrauli, Delhi, India. Qutub Minar is tall. It has five storeys. It gets narrower from bottom to top. It is in diameter at the ground. It is in diameter at the top. A spiral staircase rises 379 steps to the top inside.


title: Benjamin, Texas

paragraphs: Benjamin is a city in the U.S. state of Texas.


title: Hebbronville, Texas

paragraphs: Hebbronville is a census-designated place (CDP) in Texas.


title: Big Lake, Texas

paragraphs: Big Lake is a city in the U.S. state of Texas. It is the county seat of Reagan County.


title: Big Spring, Texas

paragraphs: Big Spring is a city in the U.S. state of Texas. It is the county seat of Howard County.


title: Zapata, Texas

paragraphs: Zapata is a census-designated place (CDP) in the U.S. state of Texas. It is the county seat of Zapata County.


title: Boerne, Texas

paragraphs: Boerne is a city in the U.S. state of Texas.


title: Brackettville, Texas

paragraphs: Brackettville is a city in the U.S. state of Texas.


title: Breckenridge, Texas

paragraphs: Breckenridge is a city in the U.S. state of Texas. It is the county seat of Stephens County.


title: Brownfield, Texas

paragraphs: Brownfield is a city in the U.S. state of Texas. It is the county seat of Terry County.


title: Brownwood, Texas

paragraphs: Brownwood is a city in and the county seat of Brown County, Texas, United States. The population was 19,288 at the 2010 census.


title: Gonten

paragraphs: Gonten District is a district in the canton of Appenzell Innerrhoden in


title: Oberegg

paragraphs: Oberegg District is a district in the canton of Appenzell Innerrhoden in

paragraphs: Switzerland. It has two small exclaves of the canton, a few miles northeast of the rest of Appenzell Innerrhoden.


title: Rüte

paragraphs: Rüte District is a district in the canton of Appenzell Innerrhoden in Switzerland.


title: Schlatt-Haslen

paragraphs: Schlatt-Haslen District is a district of the canton of Appenzell Innerrhoden in Switzerland. It was formally created in 1872 from the rhode Schlatt and the village Haslen.


title: Schwende

paragraphs: Schwende District is a district in the canton of Appenzell Innerrhoden in Switzerland.


title: Manfred Eigen

paragraphs: Manfred Eigen (9 May 1927 – 6 February 2019) was a German biophysical chemist who won the 1967 Nobel Prize in Chemistry alongside Ronald George Wreyford Norrish and George Porter. He was known for his studies of extremely fast chemical reactions induced in response to very short pulses of energy.

paragraphs: He was born in Bochum, Germany. Eigen died on 6 February 2019 in Berlin at the age of 91.


title: Burnet, Texas

paragraphs: Burnet is a city in the U.S. state of Texas. It is the county seat of Burnet County.


title: Rosamunde Pilcher

paragraphs: Rosamunde Pilcher, OBE (née Scott; 22 September 1924 – 6 February 2019) was a British writer. She wrote many short-stories and 28 romance novels and mainstream women's fiction from 1949 to 2000. Early in her career she was also published under the pen name Jane Fraser. Her best known work was "The Shell Seekers". Pilcher was born in Lelant, Cornwall.

paragraphs: Pilcher died on 6 February 2019 from a stroke at the age of 94.


title: Gumelar

paragraphs: Gumelar is a village in Karangkobar, Banjarnegara, Central Java, Indonesia.


title: Alan Mandell

paragraphs: Alan Mandell (born Albert Mandell; December 27, 1927) is a Canadian-American actor. He was born in Toronto, Ontario. He is known for playing Rabbi Marshak in the Coen Brothers' 2009 movie "A Serious Man" and as Ventril Dease in the Netflix 2019 original movie "Velvet Buzzsaw". On stage, he his known for his stage works of Samuel Beckett.


title: Zawe Ashton

paragraphs: Zawedde "Zawe" Ashton (; born 25 July 1984) is an English actress, playwright and director. She is best known for her roles in Channel 4 comedy dramas "Not Safe for Work" and "Fresh Meat". She also starred in "Blitz", "" and "Velvet Buzzsaw".


title: Sansepolcro

paragraphs: Sansepolcro, formerly Borgo Santo Sepolcro, is an Italian city. Sansepolcro is in the Tuscany Region. As of the 31 December 2014, 16,012 people live there.


title: Frank Robinson

paragraphs: Frank Robinson (August 31, 1935 – February 7, 2019) was an American professional baseball outfielder and manager. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for five teams from 1956 to 1976. He became the only player to win the MLB Most Valuable Player Award in both the National League and American League.

paragraphs: Robinson played for the Cincinnati Reds, Baltimore Orioles, Los Angeles Dodgers, California Angels and the Cleveland Indians.

paragraphs: Robinson was a member of two teams that won the World Series (the 1966 and 1970 Baltimore Orioles). Robinson was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1982.

paragraphs: Robinson was the first black manager in MLB history. He managed the Cleveland Indians during the last two years of his playing career. He went on to manage the San Francisco Giants, the Baltimore Orioles, and the Montreal Expos/Washington Nationals. He was the honorary President of the American League.

paragraphs: President George W. Bush awarded Robinson the Presidential Medal of Freedom on November 9, 2005.

paragraphs: Robinson was born in Beaumont, Texas. He studied at Xavier University. Robinson died on February 7, 2019 in Los Angeles, California from bone cancer, aged 83.


title: Robert Moog

paragraphs: Robert Arthur Moog ( ; May 23, 1934 – August 21, 2005) was an American engineer. He was born in New York City. He was known for his works with electronic music. He was the founder of Moog Music and the inventor of the first commercial synthesizer, the Moog synthesizer.

paragraphs: Moog died in Asheville, North Carolina on August 21, 2005 from glioblastoma, a rare form of brain cancer, aged 71.


title: Gladys West

paragraphs: Gladys Mae West (née Brown) (born 1930/1931) is an American mathematician. She is known for her works to the mathematical modelling of the shape of the Earth. She was one of the team of mathematicians who worked on the development of the satellite geodesy models that eventually became the Global Positioning System.

paragraphs: West was added into the United States Air Force Hall of Fame in 2018.


title: Walter B. Jones Jr.

paragraphs: Walter Beaman Jones Jr. (February 10, 1943 – February 10, 2019) was an American politician. He was the U.S. Representative for from 1995 to 2019. He was a Republican.

paragraphs: Jones's father was Walter B. Jones Sr., a Democratic Party congressman from the neighboring 1st district.

paragraphs: Jones became well known for leading the effort to have french fries renamed "freedom fries" in House cafeteria menus as a protest against French opposition to the 2003 invasion of Iraq.

paragraphs: In July 2018, Jones began to miss votes due his amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. In December 2018, he was given a leave of absence for the remainder of the session. In January 2019, he broke his hip. On January 26, 2019, his wife said that he is under hospice care. Jones Jr. died on his 76th birthday in Greenville, North Carolina from complications of the broken hip and ALS.


title: Farmville, North Carolina

paragraphs: Farmville is a town in Pitt County, North Carolina, United States. It is eight miles to the west of Greenville. At the 2010 Census, the population was 4,654.

paragraphs: Farmville is a part of the Greenville Metropolitan Area.


title: Sole (fish)

paragraphs: Sole is a flatfish belonging to several families. Generally speaking, they are members of the family Soleidae.

paragraphs: Outside Europe, the name "sole" is also given to various other similar flatfish, especially other members of the sole suborder Soleoidei as well as members of the flounder family, the Pleuronectidae.

paragraphs: In European cookery, the common or Dover sole "Solea solea", is often simply called "the sole". It is the most widely available, and often thought to be the best.


title: Highland cattle

paragraphs: The Highland cattle (; ) is a Scottish cattle breed. They have long horns and long, wavy, woolly coats. The long oily outer hair covers a downy undercoat. This makes them well suited to conditions in the Highlands, which have a high annual rainfall and sometimes very strong winds.

paragraphs: Highlands are raised primarily for their meat. They originated in the Scottish Highlands and the Outer Hebrides. They were first mentioned in the 6th century AD. They have since been exported worldwide.

paragraphs: They are a hardy breed. Their long hair gives them the ability to overwinter in the valleys. Bulls can weigh up to 800 kilograms (1,800 pounds) and cows can up to 500 kilograms (1,100 pounds). Their milk generally has a high butterfat content. Their meat, which is of the highest quality, is lower in cholesterol than other varieties of beef.